Vicipaedia lawiki https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Pagina_prima MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.16 first-letter Media Specialis Disputatio Usor Disputatio Usoris Vicipaedia Disputatio Vicipaediae Fasciculus Disputatio Fasciculi MediaWiki Disputatio MediaWiki Formula Disputatio Formulae Auxilium Disputatio Auxilii Categoria Disputatio Categoriae Porta Disputatio Portae Adumbratio Disputatio Adumbrationis TimedText TimedText talk Modulus Disputatio Moduli Event Event talk 0 97 3982781 3576747 2026-08-21T12:33:10Z CommonsDelinker 1422 [[c:COM:CDC|automaton]]: Substituens [[File:Zoo_América-side_view_of_fox.jpg]] pro File:Zoo_América-2874f-Urocyon_cinereoargenteus.jpg. CommonsDelinker hanc rationem dedit: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3|Criterion 3]] (obvious error) 3982781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Canidae | fossil_range = {{Scala fossilis|39.75|0|r=[[Eocaenum]] > [[Recens]]}} | image = Familia Canidae.jpg | image_caption = Maiora genera Canidarum quae exstant: ''[[Canis]]'', ''[[Cuon (genus)|Cuon]]'', ''[[Lycaon (genus)|Lycaon]]'', ''[[Cerdocyon]]'', ''[[Chrysocyon]]'', ''[[Speothos]]'', ''[[Vulpes]]'', ''[[Nyctereutes]]'', ''[[Otocyon]]'' and ''[[Urocyon]]'' | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Mammalia]] | ordo = [[Carnivora]] | subordo = [[Caniformia]] | familia = '''Canidae''' | familia_authority=[[Ioannes Fischer von Waldheim|Fischer von Waldheim]], [[1817]]<ref>Fischer de Waldheim, G. 1817. Adversaria zoologica. Moscuae. 5:368–428. p372</ref> | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = * ''[[Atelocynus]]'' * ''[[Canis (genus)|Canis]]'' * ''[[Cerdocyon]]'' * ''[[Chrysocyon]]'' * ''[[Cuon (genus)|Cuon]]'' * ''[[Dusicyon]]'' * ''[[Lycalopex]]'' * ''[[Lycaon (genus)|Lycaon]]'' * ''[[Nyctereutes]]'' * ''[[Otocyon]]'' * ''[[Speothos]]'' * ''[[Urocyon]]'' * ''[[Vulpes (genus)|Vulpes]]'' }} '''Canidae''' sunt [[familia (taxinomia)|familia]] [[mammalia|mammalium]] [[ordo (taxinomia)|ordinis]] [[carnivora|carnivororum]], quae [[canis|canes]], [[lupus|lupos]], [[vulpes]], [[thos|thoes]], [[coiotes]], et alia mammalia canibus similia comprehendit. == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Golden Wolf2.jpg|''[[Canis aureus]]'' Imago:Canis lupus 265b.jpg|''[[Canis lupus]]'' Imago:07-03-23RedWolfAlbanyGAChehaw.jpg|''[[Canis lupus rufus]]'' Imago:Lycaon pictus pg.jpg|''[[Canis pictus]]'' Imago:Canis latrans standing.jpg|''[[Canis latrans]]'' Imago:ZooManedWolf.jpg|''[[Chrysocyon brachyurus]]'' Imago:Cuon.alpinus-ZOO.Olomouc.jpg|''[[Cuon alpinus]]'' Imago:Nyctereutes procyonoides 1 (Piotr Kuczynski).jpg|''[[Nyctereutes procyonoides]]'' Imago:Otocyon megalotis (Namibia).jpg|''[[Otocyon megalotis]]'' Imago:Zoo América-side view of fox.jpg|''[[Urocyon cinereoergentus]]'' Imago:Polarfuchs 1 2004-11-17.jpg|''[[Vulpes lagopus]]'' </gallery> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Corbet, G. B., et J. E. Hill. [[1991]]. ''A World List of Mammalian Species,'' Ed. tertia. Londinii et Oxoniae: Natural History Museum Publications & Oxford University Press. *Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin, Claire M. Wade, Tarjei S. Mikkelsen, et al. [[2005]]. "Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog." ''Nature'' 438 (7069): 803–819. doi:10.1038/nature04338. * Margulis, L., et K. V. Schwartz. [[1982]]. ''Five Kingdoms. An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth.'' Franciscopoli: W. H. Freeman. * McKenna, M. C., et S. K. Bell. [[1997]]. ''Classification of Mammals above the Species Level.'' Novi Eboraci: Columbia University Press. * Storer, T. I., R. L. Usinger, R. C. Stebbins, et J. W. Nybakken. [[1979]]. ''General Zoology.'' Ed. sexta. Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill Book Company. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Canidae|Canidas}} {{Vicispecies|Canidae|Canidas}} {{Fontes biologici}} [[Categoria:Canidae|*]] [[Categoria:Familiae animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Fischer von Waldheim]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1817]] {{Myrias|Biologia}} t83z2fhmiundycgu9fhdq7jq9oekv54 3982789 3982781 2026-08-21T13:12:45Z IacobusAmor 1163 3982789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Canidae | fossil_range = {{Scala fossilis|39.75|0|r=[[Eocaenum]] > [[Recens]]}} | image = Familia Canidae.jpg | image_caption = Maiora genera Canidarum quae exstant: ''[[Canis]]'', ''[[Cuon (genus)|Cuon]]'', ''[[Lycaon (genus)|Lycaon]]'', ''[[Cerdocyon]]'', ''[[Chrysocyon]]'', ''[[Speothos]]'', ''[[Vulpes]]'', ''[[Nyctereutes]]'', ''[[Otocyon]]'' and ''[[Urocyon]]'' | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Mammalia]] | ordo = [[Carnivora]] | subordo = [[Caniformia]] | familia = '''Canidae''' | familia_authority=[[Ioannes Fischer von Waldheim|Fischer von Waldheim]], [[1817]]<ref>G. Fischer de Waldheim. 1817. ''Adversaria zoologica'' (Moscuae) 5: 368–428.</ref> | subdivision_ranks = [[Genus (taxinomia)|Genera]] | subdivision = * ''[[Atelocynus]]'' * ''[[Canis (genus)|Canis]]'' * ''[[Cerdocyon]]'' * ''[[Chrysocyon]]'' * ''[[Cuon (genus)|Cuon]]'' * ''[[Dusicyon]]'' * ''[[Lycalopex]]'' * ''[[Lycaon (genus)|Lycaon]]'' * ''[[Nyctereutes]]'' * ''[[Otocyon]]'' * ''[[Speothos]]'' * ''[[Urocyon]]'' * ''[[Vulpes (genus)|Vulpes]]'' }} '''Canidae''' sunt [[familia (taxinomia)|familia]] [[mammalia|mammalium]] [[ordo (taxinomia)|ordinis]] [[carnivora|carnivororum]], quae [[canis|canes]], [[lupus|lupos]], [[vulpes]], [[thos|thoes]], [[coiotes]], et alia mammalia canibus similia comprehendit. == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Golden Wolf2.jpg|''[[Canis aureus]]'' Imago:Canis lupus 265b.jpg|''[[Canis lupus]]'' Imago:07-03-23RedWolfAlbanyGAChehaw.jpg|''[[Canis lupus rufus]]'' Imago:Lycaon pictus pg.jpg|''[[Canis pictus]]'' Imago:Canis latrans standing.jpg|''[[Canis latrans]]'' Imago:ZooManedWolf.jpg|''[[Chrysocyon brachyurus]]'' Imago:Cuon.alpinus-ZOO.Olomouc.jpg|''[[Cuon alpinus]]'' Imago:Nyctereutes procyonoides 1 (Piotr Kuczynski).jpg|''[[Nyctereutes procyonoides]]'' Imago:Otocyon megalotis (Namibia).jpg|''[[Otocyon megalotis]]'' Imago:Zoo América-side view of fox.jpg|''[[Urocyon cinereoergentus]]'' Imago:Polarfuchs 1 2004-11-17.jpg|''[[Vulpes lagopus]]'' </gallery> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Corbet, G. B., et J. E. Hill. [[1991]]. ''A World List of Mammalian Species,'' Ed. tertia. Londinii et Oxoniae: Natural History Museum Publications & Oxford University Press. *Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin, Claire M. Wade, Tarjei S. Mikkelsen, et al. [[2005]]. "Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog." ''Nature'' 438 (7069): 803–819. doi:10.1038/nature04338. * Margulis, L., et K. V. Schwartz. [[1982]]. ''Five Kingdoms. An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth.'' Franciscopoli: W. H. Freeman. * McKenna, M. C., et S. K. Bell. [[1997]]. ''Classification of Mammals above the Species Level.'' Novi Eboraci: Columbia University Press. * Storer, T. I., R. L. Usinger, R. C. Stebbins, et J. W. Nybakken. [[1979]]. ''General Zoology.'' Ed. sexta. Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill Book Company. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Canidae|Canidas}} {{Vicispecies|Canidae|Canidas}} {{Fontes biologici}} [[Categoria:Canidae|*]] [[Categoria:Familiae animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Fischer von Waldheim]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1817]] {{Myrias|Biologia}} okagonh33i2ivynztqpzjmhpdclsm2r 0 113 3982833 3643141 2026-08-21T14:24:44Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3982833 wikitext text/x-wiki {{De hoc|de re publica Carthaginiensi|quid de ipsa urbe situque archaeologico|Carthago (urbs)||Carthago (discretiva)}} [[Fasciculus:Carthage location.png|thumb|Collocatio urbis Carthaginis in Africa Septentrionali.]] [[Fasciculus:Karthago.JPG|thumb|Ruinae [[thermae|thermarum]] Carthaginiensium.]] [[Fasciculus:Carthage-1958-PortsPuniques.jpg|thumb|[[Portus]] Carthaginis.]] [[Fasciculus:Carthago.webm|thumb|Iter in Carthaginem.]] '''Carthago'''<ref>Carthāgō -inis, f., etiam ''Cartāgō'', ''Karthāgō'', ''Kartāgō''. {{OLD}}; {{TLL}}.</ref> ([[Punice]] {{lang|xpu|𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤟𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕}}, ''Qart-ḥadašt'', 'urbs nova') fuit [[Carthago (urbs)|urbs]] et [[civitas sui iuris]] a [[Phoenices|Poenicis]] in [[Africa Septentrionalis|Africa Septentrionali]] anno [[814 a.C.n.]] condita. Ad [[litus]] [[Mare Mediterraneum|Maris Mediterranei]] cum [[portus|portu]] magno sita est. Secundum [[narratio]]nes [[historia Romae|Romanas]], Carthago [[colonia]] condita est a [[Dido]]ne, prima urbis [[regina]], quacum [[Aeneas]] praeterea Carthagine moratus est, priusquam in [[Italia]]m veniret. Carthagine quotannis annis bini [[rex|reges]] creabantur. Romani tria bella Punica contra Carthaginenses gesserunt. * Annis [[264 a.C.n.|264]]–[[241 a.C.n.]]: [[Primum Bellum Punicum]], [[Messana]]e causa indictum. * Annis [[218 a.C.n.|218]]–[[201 a.C.n.]]: [[Secundum Bellum Punicum]], [[Saguntum|Sagunti]] causa indictum. * Annis [[149 a.C.n.|149]]–[[146 a.C.n.]]: [[Tertium Bellum Punicum]], pecuniae et Catonis causa: nam [[Marcus Porcius Cato]] iterum atque iterum in senatu [[sententia]]m exclamabat: "Ceterum censeo Carthaginem esse delendam." Carthaginienses praeclari: * [[Hamilcar Barca]] * [[Hannibal]] Barca * [[Hanno Navigator|Hanno]], nauta qui circa Africam navigavit * [[Hasdrubal]] Barca * [[Mago Barca|Mago]] Barca * [[Publius Terentius Afer]], auctor comoediarum * [[Quodvultdeus Carthaginiensis]], [[pater ecclesiae]] [[saeculum 5|saeculi quinti]] Anno [[439]], [[Geisericus|Geiserico]] rege [[Vandali|Vandalorum]] Carthaginem expugnaverunt. Ab eodem anno usque ad annum [[533]], urbs fuit [[caput (urbs)|caput]] Regni Vandalorum. Die autem [[13 Septembris]] anni [[533]], [[Flavius Belisarius]] Vandalos [[proelium ad decimum commissum|ad decimum lapidem]] ab urbe Carthagine positum vicit et postridie urbem occupavit. Exinde Carthago iterum pars [[imperium Romanum Orientale|imperii Romani]] fuit. Anno [[698]], [[Arabes]] Carthaginem occupaverunt. {{NexInt}} * [[Archaeologia Mediterranea]] * ''[[Bellum Poenicum (carmen)|Bellum Poenicum]]'' ([[Naevius]]) * [[Salambo]] ([[dea]]) * [[Tunisia]] == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth, et al. [[2016]]. [http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0155046 "A European Mitochondrial Haplotype Identified in Ancient Phoenician Remains from Carthage, North Africa."] ''PLOS One,'' 25 Maii 2016. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Carthaginian civilization|Carthaginem}} {{Fontes geographici}} * [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/naevius.html Gnaeus Naevius de Bello Punico (fragmenta)] [[Categoria:Coloniae Punicae]] [[Categoria:Karthago|!]] [[Categoria:Loci archaeologici Tunesiae]] [[Categoria:Phoenices antiqui]] [[Categoria:Portus maris Mediterranei]] [[Categoria:Res Carthaginienses antiquae]] {{Myrias|Historia}} 6tk5lxf8cxke6zjo4gic2zdj7mzz1d8 0 2120 3982852 3763008 2026-08-21T14:59:00Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Historia */ 3982852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Antium (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Anzio.JPG|thumb|Portus Antii]] '''Antium'''<ref name="Castiglioni">{{Castiglioni}}}</ref><ref name="CathHier">{{CathHierDiocese|3a34|Dioecesis Antiatensis}}}</ref><ref>{{Graesse}}</ref> ({{pns|ii|n|Antium}}; [[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Anzio|Anzio]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e ac [[Commune Italiae|municipium]] [[Italia]]e, circiter 54&thinsp;515 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Latium|Latio]] et in [[Urbs metropolitana Romae Capitis|Urbe metropolitana Romae Capitis]] situm. Incolae ''Antiates''<ref name="Castiglioni" /> (''Antias'') vel ''Antienses'' et ''Antiatenses''<ref name="CathHier" /> appellantur. == Insignia == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' Fasciculus:Merito civile gold medal BAR.svg|''[[Municipium nomismate aureo ob meritum civilem decoratum]]'' </gallery> === Sententia === Sententia municipalis est: "O DIVA GRATUM QUAE REGIS ANTIUM". == Historia == Antium caput Volscorum fuit, antequam a Romanis anno [[468 a.C.n.]] captum est. Fabulae Graecae Xenagorae ferunt Anteiam, filium [[Circe]]s [[Ulixes|Ulixisque]] eam condidisse, at fabulae Romanae apud [[Titus Livius|Livium]] inventae tradunt Ascanium, filium [[Aeneas|Aeneae]] [[Lavinia]]eque eius auctorem fuisse. Quaedam fabulae narrant rationes inter Romam Antiumque fide dignae non apparuisse. Quidam tamen putant Livium non omnia falsa dicere cum de bellis inter Antium et Romanos gestis narrat. Antium nuncupatum est ''socius Romanus'' cum [[Ardea]], Laurento, Circeiis in Carthaginis foedere{{dubsig}} anno [[348 a.C.n.]] [[Coriolanus]] miles Romanus in exilium Antium missus est anno [[491 a.C.n.]], copias Volscorum contra Romam duxit; quare [[Gulielmus Shakespeare|Shakespeare]] plures scaenas tragoediae ''[[Coriolanus (Fabula Gulielmi Shakespeare)|Coriolanus]]'' appellatae in oppido Antii posuit. Ultima seditione aegre pacata civitas rasa et [[colonia (Romana)|colonia]] facta est anno [[338 a.C.n.]] Sex [[rostra]] navium Antii captarum ex eo tempore forum Romanum ornabant. In altero bello civili, Antium in partibus [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla|Lucii Cornelii Sullae]] erat ut [[Caius Marius|Gaii Marii]] copiis vastaretur, anno [[87 a.C.n.]] == Cives praeclari == === Nati === * [[37]] - [[Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus]] * [[1843]] - [[Hamilcar Cipriani]], patriae amans, [[res novae|rerum novarum]] cupidus et [[Anarchia|anarchicus]] == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == Antium fuit [[sedes episcopalis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] et hodie [[Sedes Titularis Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae|Sedes Titularis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]]. Nomen sedis episcopalis [[Dioecesis Antiatensis]] est. Hodie in [[Sedes Suburbicaria Albanensis|Sede Suburbicaria Albanensi]] == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Fractiones === * [[Lavinium]] ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: [[:it:Lavinio|Lavinio]]), ''Anzio Colonia, Cincinnato, Falasche, Lavinio Stazione, Lavinio Mare, Lido dei Gigli, Lido dei Pini, Lido delle Sirene, Pocacqua, Marechiaro, Miglioramento, Villa Claudia''. == Municipia finitima == * [[Aprilia]] ([[Provincia Latinensis|LT]]), * [[Ardea (Italia)|Ardea]], * [[Neptunium (Italia)|Neptunium]]. == Coniunctio communium == Antium cum [[Petrimons|Petrimonte]] urbe in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e ([[Germania]]) coniuncta est. {{NexInt}} * [[Latium]] (''regio''), * [[Urbs metropolitana Romae Capitis|Urbem metropolitanam Romae Capitis]], * [[Provincia Romana|Provinciam Romanam]] (''provincia abrogata''), * [[Roma]]m (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [http://www.comune.anzio.roma.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Anzio|Antium}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Anzio (province of Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Urbe metropolitana Romae Capitis. Imago:Anzio (8299681631).jpg|Despectus in portum. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Antium|!]] t6nnjbyonm1wnji1op469v49jxtndrd 0 3998 3983086 3717596 2026-08-22T02:09:28Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983086 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Goslar in GS.svg|thumb|Situs oppidi Goslariae in [[Circulus Goslariensis|Circulo Goslariensi]].]] [[Fasciculus:Goslar Panorama.jpg|700px|thumb|left|Despectus e turri septemtrionali ecclesiae mercati (''Marktkirche'').]] '''Goslaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/><ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> seu '''Choslaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Civitas Imperialis ad Gosam'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/> seu '''Goselaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosilare'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosilaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosla'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslara'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslare'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslari'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslarneriensis Civitas'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslarium'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosleri'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/> seu '''Goslerria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosolara'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gossilaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gozlara'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gozlaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosolara Villa'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> seu '''Gosilarca'''<ref name="Graesse"/> seu '''Goslar'''<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'') urbs [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] circiter 43.000 incolarum in [[Germania]] sita est. Caput est [[Circulus Goslariensis|Circuli Goslariensis]]. Ad Goslariam etiam pertinent hi vici intra [[Urbs Media (Goslaria)|Urbem Mediam]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/>: [[Bassgeige]] (Theodisce ''Baßgeige''), [[Jürgenohl]] (Theodisce ''Jürgenohl'') cum [[Fliegerhorst]] (Theodisce ''Fliegerhorst'') ac [[Kramerswinkel]]i (Theodisce ''Kramerswinkel''), [[Ohlhofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Ohlhof'') cum [[Alum|Alo]]<ref name="NOB">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2262/NOB%20X%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Goslar.pdf?utm ''NOB X Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Goslar''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''de curia nostra sita in Alo'' [...] ''de curia Ali'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Gut Ohlhof''), [[Palaeopolis (Goslaria)|Palaeopolis]]<ref name="Pal">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/palaeopolis Theodiscum vocabulum ''Altstadt'' Latino ''Palaeopolis-is'' vertitur].</ref> (Theodisce ''Altstadt''), [[Rammelsberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Rammelsberg'') cum [[Siemensviertel]]i (Theodisce ''Siemensviertel'') ac [[Rosenberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Rosenberg''), [[Sancti Georgii Mons (Goslaria)|Sancti Georgii Mons]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Georgenberg'') cum [[Kattenberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Kattenberg''), [[Steinberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Steinberg''), [[Sudmerberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Sudmerberg); et hi vici extra [[Urbs Media (Goslaria)|Urbem Mediam]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref>: [[Hahnenklee-Bockswiese]] (Theodisce ''Hahnenklee-Bockswiese''), [[Hahndorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Hahndorf''), [[Ierstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Jerstedt''), [[Immenroda]]<ref name="His">Vide [https://www.lesser-stiftung.de/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Bd.5_FCL-Stiftung.pdf?utm ''Historie der Grafschaft Hohnstein''], ubi dicitur "(...) Immenroda, Schwansdorf et Hunderoda (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Immenrode''), [[Lengde]] (Theodisce ''Lengde''), [[Loctuna]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> (Theodisce ''Lochtum''), [[Okra (Goslaria)|Okra]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> (Theodisce ''Oker''), [[Vienenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Vienenburg'') cum [[Wenneroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wennerode'') ac [[Woltingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> (Theodisce ''Wöltingerode''), [[Waddinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Weddingen'') atque [[Widela]]<ref name="Zei">Vide [https://leopard.tu-braunschweig.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/dbbs_derivate_00043183/Ha-308-53.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Braunschweigischen Landesvereins für Heimatschutz''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Wiedelah'', Kr. Gos. (1312 ''curia et castrum Widela'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Wiedelah''). == Historia == Goslaria anno [[922]] a [[imperator]]e [[Henricus I|Henrico I]] condita est. Iam in [[saeculum 11|saeculo XI]] imperator [[Henricus II]] palatium imperialis aedificavit, ergo Goslaria clara urbs [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] fit. Imperator [[Henricus III]] domum regiam auxit. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelforum]] facta est et annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] ad [[Regnum Westphaliae]] pertinuit. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]] et translata est, quod anno [[1866]] in provinciam [[Borussia]]e redactum est. Anno [[1941]] Goslaria cum toto circulo Goslariensi a provincia Hannoverae ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Brunsvicum]] transiit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2014]] [[Vienenburgum]] commune finitimum pars urbis Goslariae factum est<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130510033946/http://fusion-goslar-vienenburg.de/ Pagina de fusione urbium Vienenburgi et Goslariae]</ref>. == Praeclari cives == Goslariae olim vixerunt aut nati sunt et hodie vivunt multi praeclari viri atque feminae, inter alios: * [[Henricus IV (imperator)|Henricus IV]] (1050-1106), praeclarus [[Imperator]] [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] * [[Helmoldus]] (1120-1177), [[monachus]] [[Germania|Germanicus]], presbyterus Bozoviensis et auctor libri ''Chronica Slavorum'' [[Latine]] scripti. * [[Christophorus Gudermann]] (1798 - 1852), mathematicus (Vienenburgi mortuus). * [[Sigmarius Gabriel]] (*1959), vir publicus et sodalis [[SPD]]. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Goslar|Goslariam}} * [http://www.goslar.de/ Situs publicus] {{Patrimonium Mundi Germaniae}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] [[Categoria:Urbes hanseaticae]] [[Categoria:Saxonia Inferior]] b0gorksjqsx62ij0esg7dn1qqth29r4 3983087 3983086 2026-08-22T02:11:34Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983087 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Goslar in GS.svg|thumb|Situs oppidi Goslariae in [[Circulus Goslariensis|Circulo Goslariensi]].]] [[Fasciculus:Goslar Panorama.jpg|700px|thumb|left|Despectus e turri septemtrionali ecclesiae mercati (''Marktkirche'').]] '''Goslaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/><ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> seu '''Choslaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Civitas Imperialis ad Gosam'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/> seu '''Goselaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosilare'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosilaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosla'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslara'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslare'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslari'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslarneriensis Civitas'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslarium'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosleri'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/> seu '''Goslerria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosolara'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gossilaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gozlara'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gozlaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosolara Villa'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> seu '''Gosilarca'''<ref name="Graesse"/> seu '''Goslar'''<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'') urbs [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] circiter 43.000 incolarum in [[Germania]] sita est. Caput est [[Circulus Goslariensis|Circuli Goslariensis]]. Ad Goslariam etiam pertinent hi vici intra [[Urbs Media (Goslaria)|Urbem Mediam]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/>: [[Bassgeige]] (Theodisce ''Baßgeige''), [[Jürgenohl]] (Theodisce ''Jürgenohl'') cum [[Fliegerhorst]] (Theodisce ''Fliegerhorst'') ac [[Kramerswinkel]]i (Theodisce ''Kramerswinkel''), [[Ohlhofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Ohlhof'') cum [[Alum|Alo]]<ref name="NOB">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2262/NOB%20X%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Goslar.pdf?utm ''NOB X Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Goslar''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''de curia nostra sita in Alo'' [...] ''de curia Ali'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Gut Ohlhof''), [[Palaeopolis (Goslaria)|Palaeopolis]]<ref name="Pal">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/palaeopolis Theodiscum vocabulum ''Altstadt'' Latino ''Palaeopolis-is'' vertitur].</ref> (Theodisce ''Altstadt''), [[Rammelsberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Rammelsberg'') cum [[Siemensviertel]]i (Theodisce ''Siemensviertel'') ac [[Rosenberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Rosenberg''), [[Sancti Georgii Mons (Goslaria)|Sancti Georgii Mons]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Georgenberg'') cum [[Kattenberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Kattenberg''), [[Steinberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Steinberg''), [[Sudmerberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Sudmerberg''); et hi vici extra [[Urbs Media (Goslaria)|Urbem Mediam]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref>: [[Hahnenklee-Bockswiese]] (Theodisce ''Hahnenklee-Bockswiese''), [[Hahndorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Hahndorf''), [[Ierstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Jerstedt''), [[Immenroda]]<ref name="His">Vide [https://www.lesser-stiftung.de/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Bd.5_FCL-Stiftung.pdf?utm ''Historie der Grafschaft Hohnstein''], ubi dicitur "(...) Immenroda, Schwansdorf et Hunderoda (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Immenrode''), [[Lengde]] (Theodisce ''Lengde''), [[Loctuna]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> (Theodisce ''Lochtum''), [[Okra (Goslaria)|Okra]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> (Theodisce ''Oker''), [[Vienenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Vienenburg'') cum [[Wenneroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wennerode'') ac [[Woltingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> (Theodisce ''Wöltingerode''), [[Waddinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Weddingen'') atque [[Widela]]<ref name="Zei">Vide [https://leopard.tu-braunschweig.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/dbbs_derivate_00043183/Ha-308-53.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Braunschweigischen Landesvereins für Heimatschutz''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Wiedelah'', Kr. Gos. (1312 ''curia et castrum Widela'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Wiedelah''). == Historia == Goslaria anno [[922]] a [[imperator]]e [[Henricus I|Henrico I]] condita est. Iam in [[saeculum 11|saeculo XI]] imperator [[Henricus II]] palatium imperialis aedificavit, ergo Goslaria clara urbs [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] fit. Imperator [[Henricus III]] domum regiam auxit. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelforum]] facta est et annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] ad [[Regnum Westphaliae]] pertinuit. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]] et translata est, quod anno [[1866]] in provinciam [[Borussia]]e redactum est. Anno [[1941]] Goslaria cum toto circulo Goslariensi a provincia Hannoverae ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Brunsvicum]] transiit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2014]] [[Vienenburgum]] commune finitimum pars urbis Goslariae factum est<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130510033946/http://fusion-goslar-vienenburg.de/ Pagina de fusione urbium Vienenburgi et Goslariae]</ref>. == Praeclari cives == Goslariae olim vixerunt aut nati sunt et hodie vivunt multi praeclari viri atque feminae, inter alios: * [[Henricus IV (imperator)|Henricus IV]] (1050-1106), praeclarus [[Imperator]] [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] * [[Helmoldus]] (1120-1177), [[monachus]] [[Germania|Germanicus]], presbyterus Bozoviensis et auctor libri ''Chronica Slavorum'' [[Latine]] scripti. * [[Christophorus Gudermann]] (1798 - 1852), mathematicus (Vienenburgi mortuus). * [[Sigmarius Gabriel]] (*1959), vir publicus et sodalis [[SPD]]. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Goslar|Goslariam}} * [http://www.goslar.de/ Situs publicus] {{Patrimonium Mundi Germaniae}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] [[Categoria:Urbes hanseaticae]] [[Categoria:Saxonia Inferior]] 7nmsdjo89p6rpm9clat7c6souwqbjnh 3983111 3983087 2026-08-22T02:30:30Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983111 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Goslar in GS.svg|thumb|Situs oppidi Goslariae in [[Circulus Goslariensis|Circulo Goslariensi]].]] [[Fasciculus:Goslar Panorama.jpg|700px|thumb|left|Despectus e turri septemtrionali ecclesiae mercati (''Marktkirche'').]] '''Goslaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/><ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> seu '''Choslaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Civitas Imperialis ad Gosam'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/> seu '''Goselaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosilare'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosilaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosla'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslara'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslare'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslari'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslarneriensis Civitas'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Goslarium'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosleri'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/><ref name="Graesse"/> seu '''Goslerria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosolara'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gossilaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gozlara'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gozlaria'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Gosolara Villa'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> seu '''Gosilarca'''<ref name="Graesse"/> seu '''Goslar'''<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'') urbs [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] circiter 43.000 incolarum in [[Germania]] sita est. Caput est [[Circulus Goslariensis|Circuli Goslariensis]]. Ad Goslariam etiam pertinent hi vici intra [[Urbs Media (Goslaria)|Urbem Mediam]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/>: [[Bassgeige]] (Theodisce ''Baßgeige''), [[Jürgenohl]] (Theodisce ''Jürgenohl'') cum [[Fliegerhorst]] (Theodisce ''Fliegerhorst'') ac [[Kramerswinkel]]i (Theodisce ''Kramerswinkel''), [[Ohlhofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Ohlhof'') cum [[Alum|Alo]]<ref name="NOB">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2262/NOB%20X%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Goslar.pdf?utm ''NOB X Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Goslar''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''de curia nostra sita in Alo'' [...] ''de curia Ali'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Gut Ohlhof''), [[Palaeopolis (Goslaria)|Palaeopolis]]<ref name="Pal">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/palaeopolis Theodiscum vocabulum ''Altstadt'' Latino "Palaeopolis-is" vertitur].</ref> (Theodisce ''Altstadt''), [[Rammelsberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Rammelsberg'') cum [[Siemensviertel]]i (Theodisce ''Siemensviertel'') ac [[Rosenberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Rosenberg''), [[Sancti Georgii Mons (Goslaria)|Sancti Georgii Mons]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Georgenberg'') cum [[Kattenberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Kattenberg''), [[Steinberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Steinberg''), [[Sudmerberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Sudmerberg''); et hi vici extra [[Urbs Media (Goslaria)|Urbem Mediam]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref>: [[Hahnenklee-Bockswiese]] (Theodisce ''Hahnenklee-Bockswiese''), [[Hahndorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Hahndorf''), [[Ierstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Jerstedt''), [[Immenroda]]<ref name="His">Vide [https://www.lesser-stiftung.de/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Bd.5_FCL-Stiftung.pdf?utm ''Historie der Grafschaft Hohnstein''], ubi dicitur "(...) Immenroda, Schwansdorf et Hunderoda (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Immenrode''), [[Lengde]] (Theodisce ''Lengde''), [[Loctuna]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> (Theodisce ''Lochtum''), [[Okra (Goslaria)|Okra]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> (Theodisce ''Oker''), [[Vienenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Vienenburg'') cum [[Wenneroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wennerode'') ac [[Woltingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> (Theodisce ''Wöltingerode''), [[Waddinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Weddingen'') atque [[Widela]]<ref name="Zei">Vide [https://leopard.tu-braunschweig.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/dbbs_derivate_00043183/Ha-308-53.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Braunschweigischen Landesvereins für Heimatschutz''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Wiedelah'', Kr. Gos. (1312 ''curia et castrum Widela'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Wiedelah''). == Historia == Goslaria anno [[922]] a [[imperator]]e [[Henricus I|Henrico I]] condita est. Iam in [[saeculum 11|saeculo XI]] imperator [[Henricus II]] palatium imperialis aedificavit, ergo Goslaria clara urbs [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] fit. Imperator [[Henricus III]] domum regiam auxit. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelforum]] facta est et annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] ad [[Regnum Westphaliae]] pertinuit. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]] et translata est, quod anno [[1866]] in provinciam [[Borussia]]e redactum est. Anno [[1941]] Goslaria cum toto circulo Goslariensi a provincia Hannoverae ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Brunsvicum]] transiit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2014]] [[Vienenburgum]] commune finitimum pars urbis Goslariae factum est<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130510033946/http://fusion-goslar-vienenburg.de/ Pagina de fusione urbium Vienenburgi et Goslariae]</ref>. == Praeclari cives == Goslariae olim vixerunt aut nati sunt et hodie vivunt multi praeclari viri atque feminae, inter alios: * [[Henricus IV (imperator)|Henricus IV]] (1050-1106), praeclarus [[Imperator]] [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] * [[Helmoldus]] (1120-1177), [[monachus]] [[Germania|Germanicus]], presbyterus Bozoviensis et auctor libri ''Chronica Slavorum'' [[Latine]] scripti. * [[Christophorus Gudermann]] (1798 - 1852), mathematicus (Vienenburgi mortuus). * [[Sigmarius Gabriel]] (*1959), vir publicus et sodalis [[SPD]]. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Goslar|Goslariam}} * [http://www.goslar.de/ Situs publicus] {{Patrimonium Mundi Germaniae}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] [[Categoria:Urbes hanseaticae]] [[Categoria:Saxonia Inferior]] ji26tum4czbb1fc4bqb7ihccxawss6d 0 4345 3983047 3982516 2026-08-21T23:36:09Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983047 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Scientia dubia}} {{Pagina polienda|Nonnulla nomina videntur esse ficticia, atque Vicipaedia Theodisca hic adhibita est fons; vide [[Vicipaedia:Noli fingere]].}} [[Fasciculus:Deutschland Flussgebietseinheiten.png|thumb|right|Praecipuorum [[Germania|Germanicorum]] fluminum graviores naves perferentium diagramma ([[Theodisce]]).]] [[Fasciculus:Rheinbrücke Konstanz bei Föhn.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Pons super [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] [[Constantia (Germania)|Constantiae]].]] [[Fasciculus:Elbe Bad Schandau.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|right|Commune [[Vallis Ignominiosa]]<ref name="Schöttgen & Kreysig 1755">Schöttgen, C., & Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et scriptores historiae Germanicae medii aevi''. Altenburgi: Richter; et: Schöttgen, C., & Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et Scriptores Historiae Germanicae Medii Aevi'' (Vol. 3, Appendices de provinciis Misnensibus et Saxonicis). Altenburgi: Officina Richteriana; et: Schöttgen, C., & Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et Scriptores Historiae Germanicae Medii Aevi'' (Vol. 3, Diplomatarium Misnico-Voigtlandicum). Altenburgi: Officina Richteriana; et: Schöttgen, C., & Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et Scriptores Historiae Germanicae Medii Aevi'' (Vol. 3, Appendices de Lusatia Superiore). Altenburgi: Officina Richteriana; et: Schöttgen, C., & Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et scriptores historiae Germanicae medii aevi, cum sigillis aeri incisis'' (Vol. 3). Altenburgi: Officina Richteriana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Schandau'') iuxta [[Albis|Albim]].]] [[Fasciculus:Aerials Deggendorf 16.06.2006.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|right|Oppidum Deggendorfium<ref name="Deggendorfium">Vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB10372085?p=485&cq=Candidus,%20Pantaleon&lang=de ''Chronica Bavaricae Capucinorum Provinciae : in brevem summam collecta a religionis institutione usque ad eius resuscitationem''], ubi dicitur "(...) P. Ludovicus Sedlmair Deggendorfensis confessarius semper ei propre esse debuit (...) Testes erant Monachium, Straubinga, Deggendorfium, Bulsanum (...)".</ref> iuxta [[Danuvius|Danuvium]].]] [[Fluvius|Fluvii]] [[Germania]]e se in [[Mare Balticum]], [[Pontus Euxinus|Pontum Euxinum]], et [[Mare Germanicum]] effundunt. Praecipua sunt: * cum [[Ostium fluminis|ostio]] in [[Mare Balticum]], [[Viadrus]]; * cum ostio in [[Pontus Euxinus|Pontum Euxinum]], [[Danuvius]], cum suis praecipuis [[amnis influens|amnibus influentibus]] [[Aenus|Aeno]], [[Isara|Isarā]], et [[Licus|Lico]]; * cum ostio in [[Mare Germanicum]], [[Rhenus]], cum suis praecipuis amnibus influentibus [[Mosella|Mosellā]], [[Moenus|Moeno]] et [[Nicer|Nicro]]; [[Visurgis]]; et [[Albis]], cum suis praecipuis amnibus influentibus [[Habala|Habalā]] et [[Sala (flumen)|Salā]]. ==Secundum longitudinem== Insequentes indices fluvios Germaniae ordinant secundum totam eorum longitudinem (e fonte in ostium), quamquam eorum longitudo intra Germaniae fines minor sit. ===Flumina 200 chiliometra aut amplius longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina 200 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | Danuvius<ref>Vide articulum "Danuvius" apud Vicipaediam Anglicam, ubi dicitur "Danube -river in Europe; '''Danuvius'' in Latin".</ref> seu Ister<ref name="Hofmann"/> seu Hister<ref>[[Ovidius]], ''Epistulae ex Ponto'' 1.8.11: "urbs ripae vicina binominis Histri".</ref> | ''Donau'' | align="right" | 2850 | [[Pontus Euxinus]] | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | | ''Rhein'' | align="right" | 1233 | [[Mare Germanicum]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Alba<ref name=Gr/> seu Albea<ref name=Gr/> seu Albia<ref name=Gr/> seu Albius<ref name=Gr/> seu Alpia<ref name=Gr/> seu Alvea<ref name=Gr/> seu Heilba<ref name=Gr/> seu Helbia<ref name=Gr/> seu Herlba<ref name=Gr/> | ''Elbe'' | align="right" | 1094 | [[Mare Germanicum]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Viadus<ref name=Gr/> seu Odora<ref name=Gr/> seu Oder<ref name=Gr/> seu Odagra<ref name=Gr/> seu Odara<ref name=Gr/> seu Odra<ref name=Gr/> seu Odrita<ref name=Gr/> seu Adora<ref name=Gr/> seu Suevus Flavius<ref name=Gr/> seu Oddera<ref name="Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski">[https://eshp.ijp.pan.pl/search/results/226313 Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski] (Polonice), ubi dicitur "Oddere, Odere, Oddera, Oddore 992 RudnickiNO 21-3".</ref> seu Oddere<ref name="Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski"/> seu Oddore<ref name="Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski"/> seu Oddere<ref name="Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski"/> | ''Oder'' | align="right" | 854 | [[Mare Balticum]] | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | Musella<ref name=Gr/> seu Mosula<ref name=Gr/> seu Musla<ref name=Gr/> | ''Mosel'' | align="right" | 544 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Mogonus<ref name=Gr/> seu Manus<ref name=Gr/> seu Moius<ref name=Gr/> seu Mogus<ref name=Gr/> seu Moino<ref name=Gr/> | ''Main'' | align="right" | 524 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Enus<ref name=Gr/> seu Oenus<ref name=Gr/> seu Inus<ref name=Gr/> seu Hinus<ref name=Gr/> seu Innus<ref name=Gr/> | ''Inn'' | align="right" | 517 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | Wesera seu Wisara seu Wisuraha<ref name=Gr/> seu Wisora<ref name=Gr/> seu Wisura<ref name=Gr/> seu Visera<ref name=Gr/> seu Visara<ref name=Gr/> seu Wissula<ref name=Gr/> seu Wirraha<ref name=Gr/> | ''Weser'' | align="right" | 451 | [[Mare Germanicum]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Saale'' | align="right" | 413 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | Neccarus<ref name="Hofmann"/><ref name=Gr/> seu Nechara<ref name=Gr/> seu Nectara<ref name=Gr/> seu Necorus<ref name=Gr/> | ''Neckar'' | align="right" | 384 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | Sprea<ref>{{Mundt}}</ref> seu Spreve<ref name=Gr/> seu Sprewe <ref name=Gr/> seu Sprewa<ref name="Tractatus de duabus...">[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Tractatus_de_duabus_Sarmatiis_Europiana_et_Asiana_et_de_contentis_in_eis Tractatus de duabus Sarmatiis Europiana et Asiana et de contentis in eis], ubi dicitur "(...) penes fluvium Sueuum Teutonice Spre seu Sprewa dictum, (...)".</ref> seu Spre<ref name="Tractatus de duabus..."/> seu Suevus<ref>"Suevus", "... ad Suevum" etc. {{Google Books|KRg_AAAAcAAJ|p. 578 et passim}}</ref><ref name="Tractatus de duabus..."/> | ''Spree'' | align="right" | 382 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | Emisa<ref name="Emisa">[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/_Texts/Ptolemy/2/10/Mueller*.html Karl Müller's Apparatus and Notes to Ptolemy, Book II, Chapter 10: Germania Magna], ubi dicitur "(...) Amisis vel Amissis codd. Plinii 4, 100; Ἀμασίας Strabo 7, 1, 3; germanice olim Emisa fl. et Emisgow regio, nunc Ems fl. (...)".</ref> seu Amissis<ref name="Emisa"/> seu Amisis<ref name="Emisa"/> seu Amisus<ref name=Gr/> seu Amasis<ref name=Gr/> seu Amasius<ref name=Gr/> seu Emesa<ref name=Gr/> seu Amera<ref name=Gr/> | ''Ems'' | align="right" | 371 | [[Sinus Dollarius]]<ref>[https://books.google.es/books?id=O6deAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA675&lpg=PA675&dq=%22dollert%22+sinus&source=bl&ots=gvKfvPBBEJ&sig=ACfU3U1HLVN-1obH4z02czxdQrkKEeQdtA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjf-M714PSGAxWJVPEDHeCwAEcQ6AF6BAgfEAM#v=onepage&q=%22dollert%22%20sinus&f=false Allgemeinnütziges Geschicht- und Staaten-Wörterbuch], ubi dicitur "Dollart, Dollert, Sinus Dollarius vel Emdanus (...)".</ref> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | Habola<ref name=Gr/> seu Havila<ref name=Gr/> seu Labola<ref name=Gr/> seu Albola<ref name=Gr/> | ''Havel'' | align="right" | 325 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | Werra<ref name=Gr/> seu Wirra<ref name=Gr/> seu Wirraha<ref name=Gr/> seu Vagarna<ref name=Gr/> seu Vierra<ref name=Gr/> | ''Werra'' | align="right" | 298 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]<ref name=Gr/> | Isura<ref name=Gr/> seu Isarus<ref name=Gr/> seu Ysera<ref name=Gr/> | ''Isar'' | align="right" | 292 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Agara]]<ref name=Gr/> | Agira<ref name=Gr/> seu Agra<ref name=Gr/> seu Egra<ref name=Gr/> seu Oegra<ref name=Gr/> seu Ogra<ref name=Gr/> seu Agria<ref name=Gr/> | ''Eger'' | align="right" | 291 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | Leinus<ref name=Gr/> seu Lynius<ref name=Gr/> seu Lagina<ref name=Gr/> | ''Leine'' | align="right" | 281 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller">Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aller_(Germany) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur "The river's name, which was recorded in 781 as ''Alera'', in 803 as ''Elera'', in 1096 as ''Alara'' (...)".</ref> | Alera<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> seu Elera<ref name="Aller"/> seu Aelara<ref name=Gr/> seu Alra<ref name=Gr/> | ''Aller'' | align="right" | 263 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra">Documentum 68, in: Carolus H. Lampe (Ed.): Urkundenbuch der Deutschordensballei Thüringen, 1. Bd., p. 68.</ref> | Elstera<ref>[https://archive.is/20121129132241/bv-moeckernwahren.de/via/Viadukt_25.pdf DIE BÜRGERZEITUNG FÜR MÖCKERN UND WAHRENDIE WEISSE ELSTER - ein vergessener Fluß?]</ref><ref>{{Graesse}}</ref> seu Elstera Albus<ref>[http://books.google.de/books?id=9ZHWEx8N9OUC&pg=RA1-PA44&lpg=RA1-PA44&dq=Elstera+alba&source=bl&ots=4VyINmTTBp&sig=PywVNQzENKElHEKmuCw_rgrRjks&hl=de&sa=X&ei=0VZnT7jFEMeH4gSTxdCLCA&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=Elstera%20alba&f=false Lexicon manuale, geographiam antiquam et mediam cum latine tum germanice ... von Johann Wilhelm Ferdinand Müller]</ref> | ''Weiße Elster'' | align="right" | 257 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | Lippia<ref name=Gr/> seu Lippa<ref name=Gr/> seu Libia<ref name=Gr/> seu Luppia<ref name=Gr/> seu Lyppia<ref name=Gr/> | ''Lippe'' | align="right" | 255 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nissa (flumen)|Nissa]]<ref name=Gr/> | Nysa<ref name=Gr/> seu Nyza<ref name=Gr/> seu Nycza<ref name=Gr/> seu Nysensis<ref name=Gr/> | ''Neiße'' | align="right" | 254 | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Licus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Lica<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=V-oKH5yTvyAC&pg=PA82-IA1&lpg=PA82-IA1&dq=Lica+Lech&source=bl&ots=k2mj676gV4&sig=_V0jmBjlhnU4yI5oMRn5LnrsmlA&hl=en&ei=WnlITbiBCYjHswaGvJCCAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CBcQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Lica%20Lech&f=false Poesies: Llibres I i II By Venantius Honorius Clementianus Fortunatus]</ref> seu Lichus<ref name=Gr/> seu Lecha<ref name=Gr/> seu Licoas<ref name=Gr/> seu Lycus<ref name=Gr/> seu Lechus<ref name=Gr/> seu Lemannus<ref name=Gr/> seu Lemannius<ref name=Gr/> seu Lehhae<ref name=Gr/> | ''Lech'' | align="right" | 248 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Saravus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Sarra<ref name=Gr/> seu Sara<ref name=Gr/> seu Sangona<ref name=Gr/> seu Saora<ref name=Gr/> seu Saroa<ref name=Gr/> | ''Saar'' | align="right" | 246 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | Loganus<ref>[http://www.dilibri.de/rlb/content/thumbview/63151 ''37 - (46) - Lahnstenium (ubi Loganum Rhenus suscipit) Confluentia venienti || Lhaanstein, komende van Koblenz - +â+ôbersicht - Landesbibliothekszentrum Rheinland-Pfalz'' apud www.dilibri.de] "Lahnstenium ubi Loganum Rhenus suscipit."</ref> seu Lahna<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/a568395900unknuoft/a568395900unknuoft_djvu.txt ''Full text of "Further correspondence respecting the relations existing between foreign governments and the court of Rome : (in continuation of papers presented to the Parliament, March 27, 1851)"'' apud www.archive.org] "[[Limburgum ad Lahnam]]"</ref> seu Lagana<ref name=Gr/> seu Logana<ref name=Gr/> seu Lona<ref name=Gr/> seu Lanus<ref name=Gr/> seu Lana<ref name=Gr/> seu Lahana<ref name=Gr/> | ''Lahn'' | align="right" | 242 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Alcmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | Alcmon<ref name=Gr/> seu Alcmona<ref name=Gr/> seu Alcmonia<ref name=Gr/> seu Alamona<ref name=Gr/> seu Alemo<ref name=Gr/> seu Alemannus<ref name=Gr/> seu Almuna<ref name=Gr/> seu Almonus<ref name=Gr/> | ''Altmühl'' | align="right" | 227 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Salzaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | Salsa<ref name=Gr/> seu Ivarus<ref name=Gr/> seu Iuvarus<ref name=Gr/> | ''Salzach'' | align="right" | 225 | [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | Fulda<ref name=Gr/> seu Vultaha<ref name=Gr/> seu Wulda<ref name=Gr/> | ''Fulda'' | align="right" | 218 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | Rurinna<ref name=Gr/> | ''Ruhr'' | align="right" | 217 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Elda (flumen)|Elda]]<ref>Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elde#Flussnamen articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung fand 786 als ''in Eldam'' statt" (...).</ref> | | ''Elde'' | align="right" | 208 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |} ===Flumina inter 199 et 100 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 199 et 100 chiliometra longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis">Vide articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Anglicam, ubi dicitur "n 575, the river was attested as the ''Onestrudis'', in the 7th century it was referred to as the ''Unestrude'', and in 994 as the ''Vnstruod''".</ref> | Unstroda<ref name=Gr/> seu Unstrada<ref name=Gr/> seu Unstraha<ref name=Gr/> seu Unstravia<ref name=Gr/> seu Unstrota<ref name=Gr/> seu Unestrude<ref name="Onestrudis"/> seu Unstruod<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | ''Unstrut'' | align="right" | 192 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | | ''Jagst'' | align="right" | 190 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hunta]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | | ''Hunte'' | align="right" | 189 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Egdor]]<ref name="Egdor">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eider hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Eider (lateinisch Egdor (...) Der Name der Eider leitet sich mit einer gewissen Wahrscheinlichkeit von ''Egidor'' (Fluttor, Schreckenstor) ab und spielt auf den germanischen Meerriesen Ægir an, der für Fluten und damit verbundene Schrecken verantwortlich gemacht wurde. Die nach Volker Schmidt erste lateinische Erwähnung als ''Flumen Egidora'' legt diese Annahme nahe. Weitere Namen der Eider wie ''Egidorae fluminis'' (9. Jh. Reichsannalen), ''fluminis Eydori'' (12. Jh. Saxo Grammaticus), ''Eidera'' (1148 Urkunde Heinrich des Löwen) und ''Eydaer'' (1235 im Erdbuch König Waldemars II.) geben Aufschluss über die Herleitung zum heutigen Namen. ".</ref> | Eidora<ref name="Egdor"/> seu Egidor<ref name="Egdor"/> seu Eydorus<ref name="Egdor"/> seu Egidona<ref name="Hofmann"/> seu Eidera<ref name="Hofmann"/><ref name="Egdor"/> seu Eydaer<ref name="Egdor"/> | ''Eider'' | align="right" | 188 | [[Mare Germanicum]] | [[Egdor]]<ref name="Egdor"/> |- | [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Amper'' seu ''Ammer'' | align="right" | 185 | [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]<ref name="Elstra Nigra">[http://books.google.de/books?id=uMPJ7iscKDoC&pg=PA93&lpg=PA93&dq=Alstera+Elster&source=bl&ots=O6jtjv6YLV&sig=zdBuo9mf6Qv4E__kzibsux-uQn0&hl=de&sa=X&ei=P1NnT-HHJYnOswa108jiBQ&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Alstera%20Elster&f=false Ortsnamenbuch des Mittelelbegebietes von Inge Bily]</ref> | Elstera Niger<ref>[http://books.google.de/books?id=9ZHWEx8N9OUC&pg=RA1-PA44&lpg=RA1-PA44&dq=Elstera+alba&source=bl&ots=4VyINmTTBp&sig=PywVNQzENKElHEKmuCw_rgrRjks&hl=de&sa=X&ei=0VZnT7jFEMeH4gSTxdCLCA&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=Elstera%20alba&f=false Lexicon manuale, geographiam antiquam et mediam cum latine tum germanice ... von Johann Wilhelm Ferdinand Müller]</ref> seu Altsra<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | ''Schwarze Elster'' | align="right" | 179 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana">[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Ab_excessu_divi_Augusti_(Annales)/Liber_I#LVI Taciti ''Ab excessū dovo Augusti/Liber I, caput LVI] ubi dicitur "(...) iuventus flumen Adranam nando tramiserat (...)".</ref> | Adarna<ref name=Gr/> seu Aderna<ref name=Gr/> seu Ederna<ref name=Gr/> seu Ethrina<ref name=Gr/> seu Adrina<ref>Sperber, Rüdiger (1996). "Die Nebenflüsse von Werra und Fulda bis zum Zusammenfluß". ''Hydronymia Germaniae''. Reihe A, Lief. 5. Steiner, Wiesbaden. ISBN 978-3515006453.</ref> | ''Eder'' | align="right" | 177 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Sura (Mosella)|Sura Mosellae]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Sauer'' | align="right" | 173 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hassa]]<ref name="Hassa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Im Jahr 763 wird der Fluss erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (secus fluvium Hassa) (...)".</ref> | Hasa<ref name=Gr/> seu Asa<ref name=Gr/> seu Assa<ref name=Gr/> | ''Hase'' | align="right" | 170 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Boda]]<ref name=Gr/> | Bada<ref name=Gr/> seu Botum<ref name=Gr/> seu Buda<ref name=Gr/> | ''Bode'' | align="right" | 169 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Regana]]<ref name="Regana">Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regen_(river)#Etymology hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur " The Romans called the river variously ''Regana'' (feminine gender), ''Reganus'' (masculine), and ''Reganum'' (neuter)".</ref> | Reganus<ref name="Regana"/> seu Reganum<ref name="Regana"/> | ''Regen'' | align="right" | 169 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera">[https://books.google.es/books?id=bHVBAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA3-PA63&lpg=RA3-PA63&dq=cochera+fluvius+Kocher&source=bl&ots=9heufonibr&sig=ACfU3U1qKFXUcAKG4YdC_4Y2JchLVTDjZw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi359OEkvWGAxVfbvEDHcChAggQ6AF6BAgJEAM#v=onepage&q=cochera%20fluvius%20Kocher&f=false Mercurius Gallobelgicus M. Gothardo Arthusio succenturiatus], ubi dicitur "ibique in Cochera (...) fluvius Kocher".</ref> | Cochara<ref name=Gr/> seu Kocher<ref name="Cochera"/> | ''Kocher'' | align="right" | 168 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Seyna Minor]]<ref name="Sayn">Fingitur hoc nomen ex vocibus "Seyna" aut "Zeina", quae apparent in {{Graesse}} referentes ad oppidulum Germanicum Theodisce nuncupatum "Sayn", cuius nomen e flumine homonymo derivatur, etiam nuncupato Theodisce ''Saynbach'', quod vicissim dat nomen alio flumini ''Kleiner Saynbach''</ref> | Zeina Minor<ref name="Sayn"/> | ''Kleiner Saynbach'' | align="right" | 167 | [[Seyna (flumen)|Seyna]]<ref name="Sayn"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Vidrus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Vaconna<ref name=Gr/> seu Vechta<ref name=Gr/> seu Vedrus<ref name=Gr/> | ''Vechte'' | align="right" | 167 | [[Aqua Nigra (flumen)|Aqua Nigra]]<ref>[https://www.google.es/books/edition/Nederlandse_waternamen/HIEdAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=%22Zwarte+Water%22+%22aqua+nigra%22&dq=%22Zwarte+Water%22+%22aqua+nigra%22&printsec=frontcover Mauritii Schönfeld ''Nederlandse waternamen''], ubi dicitur "Wijdverbreid is ''Zwarte Water'' = lt. ''Aqua nigra'', engels ''Blackwater'' (...)".</ref> | [[Lacus Yssel]] |- | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ">Omnia haec nomina finguntur e nominibus Latinis quae {{Graesse}} dat flumini Theodisce ''Mulde'' nuncupato et e adiectivo "Zviccaviensis-e", in libro "Codex Statutorum Zviccaviensium" apparenti et referenti ad urbem [[Cygnea]]m.</ref> | Milda Zviccaviensis<ref name="MZ"/> seu Milla Zviccaviensis<ref name="MZ"/> seu Mulda Zviccaviensis<ref name="MZ"/> seu Mylda Zviccaviensis<ref name="MZ"/> seu Mlidava Zviccaviensis<ref name="MZ"/> | ''Zwickauer Mulde'' | align="right" | 166 | [[Mulda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Naba]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Naba">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naab#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die frühesten Belege sind ''Nabas'' (700), ''Napa'' (885), ''Naba'' (885), ''Nabe'' (1199) und ''Nab'' (1245), (...)".</ref> | Nabas<ref name="Naba"/> seu Napa<ref name="Naba"/> seu Nabe<ref name="Naba"/> seu Nab<ref name="Naba"/> | ''Naab'' | align="right" | 165 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Rur'' | align="right" | 164 | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schleichgraben]] | | ''Schleichgraben'' | align="right" | 155 | [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]<ref name="Elstra Nigra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | Segaha<ref name=Gr/> seu Siga<ref name=Gr/> | ''Sieg'' | align="right" | 155 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]<ref name=Gr/> | Hosta<ref name=Gr/> | ''Oste'' | align="right" | 153 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Wertaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | Werdaha<ref name=Gr/> seu Virdo<ref name=Gr/> seu Vinda<ref name=Gr/> seu Vindex<ref name=Gr/> | ''Wertach'' | align="right" | 150 | [[Licus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]<ref name="Hilaria">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iller hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Ihr lateinischer Name war '''Hilaria''' oder auch ''Hilara'' (...)".</ref> | Hilara<ref name="Hilaria"/><ref name=Gr/> seu Ilara<ref name=Gr/> seu Ilaris<ref name=Gr/> seu Hylarus<ref name=Gr/> seu Ylarus<ref name=Gr/> seu Ilargus<ref name=Gr/> | ''Iller'' | align="right" | 147 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Mulda|Mulda Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> | Milda<ref name=Gr/> seu Milla<ref name=Gr/> seu Mylda<ref name=Gr/> seu Mlidava<ref name=Gr/> | ''Mulde'' | align="right" | 147 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Pena<ref name=Gr/> seu Penes<ref name=Gr/> seu Pana<ref name=Gr/> seu Penis<ref name=Gr/> seu Peanis<ref name=Gr/> | ''Peene'' | align="right" | 136 | [[Lutense]]<ref name="Lutense">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutense" Lutense"] apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam.</ref> | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ilmena]]<ref name=Gr/> | Ilma<ref name=Gr/> | ''Ilm'' | align="right" | 134 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Parra (flumen)|Parra]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | | ''Paar'' | align="right" | 134 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Rhinus]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | | ''Rhin'' | align="right" | 133 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Werenza]]<ref name=Gr/> | Warinza<ref name=Gr/> seu Werna<ref name=Gr/> | ''Wörnitz'' | align="right" | 132 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Tuberus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Tubaris<ref name=Gr/> seu Tubara<ref name=Gr/> | ''Tauber'' | align="right" | 131 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Varnova]]<ref name="Hofmeister II 1891">Hofmeister, A. (1891). ''Die Matrikel der Universität Rostock: Vol. 2''. (Mich. 1499 - Ost. 1611). Stiller'sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> | [[Warnou]]<ref name="Warnou">Vide [https://www.fs-warnemuende.de/ www.fs-warnemuende], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Gewässer, das nördlich von Parchim entspringt, ist erstmals 1160 als Warnou flumen und 1186 als aqua Warnow urkundlich erwähnt (...).</ref>, Warnow<ref name="Warnou"/> | ''Warnow'' | align="right" | 130 | [[Mare Balticum]] | [[Chalusus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]<ref name="Lena">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenne_(Ruhr)#Namehoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Der Fluss wird im 13. Jh. erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (supra oder super Lenam)".</ref> | | ''Lenne'' | align="right" | 129 | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kila]]<ref name=Gr/> | Kylia<ref name=Gr/> seu Belgis<ref name=Gr/> | ''Kyll'' | align="right" | 128 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Scopa (flumen)|Scopa]]<ref name="Albinus 1590">Albinus, P. (1590). ''Meisnischer Land- und Berg-Chronica: In welcher ein volkommene Beschreibung des Landes Meißen, desselben Gelegenheit, Flüsse, Städt, Schlösser''... (Tomus I). Lorentz Seuberlich.</ref> | | ''Zschopau'' | align="right" | 128 | [[Mulda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Lapara Wissingensis]]<ref name="Lapara">Secundum [https://books.google.es/books?id=i-_gDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=%22Kleine+Laber+%22+flumen&source=bl&ots=sJegxM7pNX&sig=ACfU3U3SJzaPgZCEumBJptUz_l_4myXnmg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj-4uiTsraHAxW_Q_EDHcZbBxYQ6AF6BAgOEAM#v=onepage&q=%22Kleine%20Laber%20%22%20flumen&f=false ''Historischer Atlas von Bayern''], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Große und die Kleine Laber sind um 790 als "Lapara" belegt (...)", nomen Latinum "Lapara" ad flumina Theodisce ''Große Laber'' et ''Kleine Laber'' nuncupata refert. Ergo, adhibitur adiectivum "parva" seu "magna" seu "alba" seu "Wissingensis" seu "Breitenbrunnensis" historico nomini Latino ut distinguantur haec flumina.</ref> | | ''Wissinger Laber'' | align="right" | 127 | [[Lapara Breitenbrunnensis]]<ref name="Lapara"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898">Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz: Zweiter Band. Die Karte von 1789''. Bonnae: Hermann Behrendt.</ref> | Naha<ref name=Gr/> | ''Nahe'' | align="right" | 125 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]<ref name="Sala in pago">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A4nkische_Saale#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Erstmals erwähnt wurde die Fränkische Saale im Jahr 716 als super fluvio Sala in pago Salvense (am Fluss Sala im Saalgau). Im Jahr 777 schrieb man in einem Fuldaer Urkundenbuch: in pago Salecgauio super fluvio Sala (...)".</ref> | | ''Fränkische Saale'' | align="right" | 125 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Mulda Fribergensis]]<ref name="MF">Omnia haec nomina finguntur e nominibus Latinis quae {{Graesse}} dat flumini Theodisce ''Mulde'' nuncupato et e adiectivo "Fribergensis-e", referenti ad urbem [[Friberga]]m.</ref> | Milda Fribergensis<ref name="MF"/> seu Milla Fribergensis<ref name="MF"/> seu Mylda Fribergensis<ref name="MF"/> seu Mlidava Fribergensis<ref name="MF"/> | ''Freiberger Mulde'' | align="right" | 124 | [[Mulda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Wemma]]<ref name=Gr/> | Wimma<ref name=Gr/> | ''Wümme'' | align="right" | 121 | [[Lesmonia]]<ref name="Lesum">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesum#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1331 als ''ultra Lesmoniam'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Nersa]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Niers'' | align="right" | 118 | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bercla]]<ref name="Bercla">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkel#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Der Fluss tritt 1322 erstmals urkundlich in Erscheinung (''bercla'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Berkel'' | align="right" | 115 | [[Isala]]<ref name="Isala">Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJssel hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur "(...) The Romans knew the river as '''Isala''' (...)".</ref> | [[Isala]]<ref name="Isala"/> |- | [[Wippera]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Wupper'' | align="right" | 115 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Liubasa]]<ref name="Liubasa">Vide articulum [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loisach#%C3%89tymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Francicam], ubi dicitur "(...) Les formes antérieures de noms sont Liubasa (1003), Lyubasa (environ 1052), Liubisaha (1148-1155), Livbisaha (12e siècle), Liubsaha (1258), Leusach (1332), Leusach (1348) (...)".</ref> | Lyubasa<ref name="Liubasa"/><ref name=Gr/> seu Liubisaha<ref name="Liubasa"/><ref name=Gr/> seu Liubsaha<ref name="Liubasa"/> seu Leusach<ref name="Liubasa"/> seu Loysa<ref name=Gr/> | ''Loisach'' | align="right" | 114 | [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Nida (flumen)|Nida Saravi]]<ref name="Nida">Vide articulum [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nied#Hydronymie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Francicam], ubi dicitur "Dénommé ''Nida'' dans les inscriptions romaines (...) Anciennes mentions: Neda (1121), Nidden (1200), Nithen (1364) (...)".</ref> | Neda<ref name="Nida"/> seu Nidden<ref name="Nida"/> seu Nithen<ref name="Nida"/> seu Nita Germanica<ref name="Hofmann"/> | ''Nied'' | align="right" | 114 | [[Saravus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> | Travea<ref name=Gr/> seu Travenna<ref name=Gr/> seu Travena<ref name=Gr/> seu Chalusus<ref name=Gr/> | ''Trave'' | align="right" | 114 | [[Mare Balticum]] | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Pagantia]]<ref name=Gr/> | Pegnesus<ref name=Gr/> | ''Pegnitz'' | align="right" | 113 | [[Radiantia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Peschsiefen]] | | ''Peschsiefen'' | align="right" | 113 | [[Ankerbacum (Rhenus)|Ankerbacum]]<ref name="-bacum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-bach'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bacum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Forbacum]], [[Gengenbacum]], [[Lambacum]], [[Muorbacum]], [[Orbacum]], [[Rohrbacum]], [[Rosbacum]], [[Rubeacum]], [[Solisbacum]], [[Swabacum]], [[Abacum (Germania)|Abacum]], [[Brubacum]], [[Corbacum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Enze]]<ref name="Enze">Vide [https://ia601601.us.archive.org/23/items/bub_gb_G-4IAAAAQAAJ/bub_gb_G-4IAAAAQAAJ.pdf ''Beiträge zur gallo-keltisch... Namenkunde''], ubi dicitur "(...) die ''Enz'' (in den Neckar), c. 1150 Enze fluvius (d i. *Antia) (...)".</ref> | | ''Enz'' | align="right" | 112 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dimel]]<ref name="Dimel">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diemel#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "In historischen Quellen wird die Diemel ebenfalls als ''Dimel, Dymel, Dimella, Dimola, Timella'' (...)".</ref> | Dymel<ref name="Dimel"/> seu Dimella<ref name="Dimel"/> seu Dimola<ref name="Dimel"/> Timella<ref name="Dimel"/> | ''Diemel'' | align="right" | 111 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rota (Aenus)|Rota Aeni]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Rott'' | align="right" | 111 | [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]<ref name=Gr/> | Ilma<ref name=Gr/> | ''Ilmenau'' | align="right" | 109 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Vilisa|Vilisa Danubii]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Bavarikon"/> | Vilsa<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Bavarikon"/> seu Vilusa<ref name=Gr/> seu Quintanica<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> seu Filisa<ref name="Bavarikon"/> seu Filusa<ref name="Bavarikon"/> seu Filsa<ref name="Bavarikon"/> seu Philisa<ref name="Bavarikon"/> seu Vilosa<ref name="Bavarikon"/> seu Vilusa<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | ''Vils'' | align="right" | 109 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Sala (Salzaha)|Sala Danubii]]<ref name="Saalach">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA455&lpg=PA455&dq=Saalach+%22flumen%22&source=bl&ots=ujlRsntsPa&sig=ACfU3U0SU_fvCyOKvGtwJZrcYzb3TFBxYg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiP45KImveGAxX9RP4FHTzeBMoQ6AF6BAgmEAM#v=onepage&q=Saalach%20%22flumen%22&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch], ubi dicitur "''''Saalach''', '''die''' (...) ''iuxta fluvium Sala, iuxta fluvio Sala (...)".</ref> | | ''Saalach'' | align="right" | 106 | [[Salzaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Redera]]<ref name="Riedel 1863">Riedel, A. F., auctore (1863). ''Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis''. Berolini: F.H. Morin.</ref> | | ''Große Röder'' | align="right" | 105 | [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]<ref name="Elstra Nigra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ovacra]]<ref name="Ovacra">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oker hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Sie wurde 747 das erste Mal als Ovacra in Zusammenhang mit dem Okerübergang in Ohrum erwähnt, (...)".</ref><ref>[https://www.dmgh.de/mgh_ss_rer_germ_6/index.htm#page/7/mode/1up Annales regni Francorum (MGH SS rer. Germ. 6)], ubi dicitur "(...) super fluvium Ovacra in loco, qui dicitur Orheim, (...)".</ref> | Obacro<ref>[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Annales_regni_Francorum Annales regni Francorum (Vicifons)], ubi dicitur "(...) supra fluvium Obacro in loco, qui dicitur Orhaim".</ref> | ''Oker'' | align="right" | 105 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Arnefa]]<ref name="Arnefa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erft#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wurde die Erft im Jahre 496/506 vom Geographen von Ravenna als Arnefa. Sie hieß zunächst „Arnapa“, später „Arnefe“ und „Arlefe“. Schließlich fand man 1320 den Namen „Arfe“. Der Name ist eine Komposition aus dem Hydronym -apa und dem germanischen Wort *arna-/*arni- mit der Bedeutung 'sicher, energisch, tüchtig' (...)".</ref> | Arnapa<ref name="Arnefa"/> seu Arnefe<ref name="Arnefa"/> seu Arlefe<ref name="Arnefa"/> seu Arfe<ref name="Arnefa"/> seu [[Arphta]]<ref name="Lacomblet 1840">Lacomblet, T. J. (1840). ''Urkundenbuch für die Geschichte des Niederrheins oder des Erzstifts Cöln''. H. Voss.</ref> | ''Erft'' | align="right" | 103 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Misa (flumen Germanicum)|Misa]]<ref name="Misa">Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%BEe#Etymology hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur "(...) Originally, the entire stream including the Berounka was called Mže (Latin: ''Misa'', German: ''Mies'') and the name first appeared in the 12th century in Chronica Boemorum. The name was written as ''Mse'', ''Msa'' and ''Mzye'' (...)".</ref> | Mse<ref name="Misa"/> seu Msa<ref name="Misa"/> seu Mzye<ref name="Misa"/> | ''Mies'' | align="right" | 103 | [[Berounka]]<ref name="Berounka">Vide [https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/medias/4f/42/18/bd/4f4218bd-603a-4e29-9aa1-5794dcc5fcde/files/Cavan_Alt_02.pdf Asiento para un atlas corológico de la flora occidental, 25], ubi dicitur "in rivo Berounka haud procul a pago Zadní Trebáñ".</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ora (Albis)|Ora Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> | Ara<ref name=Gr/> seu Oraha<ref name=Gr/> seu Hora<ref name=Gr/> | ''Ohre'' | align="right" | 103 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ach (Blavius)|Ach Blavii]] | | ''Ach'' | align="right" | 102 | [[Blavius]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Vida]]<ref name="Schaltenbrand II 1923">Schaltenbrand, J. (Ed.) (1923). ''Registrum bonorum et redituum archidioecesis Coloniensis ex saeculo XIV'' (Vol. 2). Typis Academicis. </ref> | [[Wida (flumen)|Wida Rheni]]<ref name="Wida">Helmut Priewer, Mathias Priewer, Gerhard Hachenberg: Warum ist die Wied eine Witt? In: Heimat-Jahrbuch des Landkreises Neuwied 2011, ISBN 3-9809797-8-4, S. 232–235.</ref> seu Vidua<ref name="Stramberg V 1856">Stramberg, C. von. (1856). ''Das Rheinische Antiquarius: Mittelrhein, Der Rheingau'' (Vol. 5). R. F. Hergt.</ref> seu Weda<ref name="Stramberg V 1856">Stramberg, C. von. (1856). ''Das Rheinische Antiquarius: Mittelrhein, Der Rheingau'' (Vol. 5). R. F. Hergt.</ref> seu Vieda<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | ''Wied'' | align="right" | 102 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ach Frewbergense]]<ref name="Frewberga">Adiectivo "Frewbergensis-e" vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Friedberger Ach'' | align="right" | 100 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Blesa (tributarius Saravi)|Blesa]]<ref name="Blesa">Hadrianus Vallesius, ''Notitia Galliarum ordine litterarum digesta'', [[Lutetia|Parisiis]], 1675, apud Fredericum Leonard, p. 89.</ref> | | ''Blies'' | align="right" | 100 | [[Saravus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fuhse]] | | ''Fuhse'' | align="right" | 100 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Indistra]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref><ref name="Indistra">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innerste#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name Innerste (frühere Formen lauten auch Inste (1805) oder Inster(-Fluß) (1780[9] und 1742[10]), Inderste (1567), Indistria (1313), Entrista (1065) und Indrista (1013)), könnte auf die indogermanische Wurzel oid = schwellend, kräftig zurückgehen (...)".</ref> | Inderste<ref name="Indistra"/> seu Indistria<ref name="Indistra"/> seu Entrista<ref name="Indistra"/> | ''Innerste'' | align="right" | 100 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |} ===Flumina inter 99 et 85 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 99 et 75 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Naba silvatica|Naba Silvatica]]<ref name="Naba silvatica">Fingitur hoc nomen e flumine Nabā (cui vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naab#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die frühesten Belege sind ''Nabas'' (700), ''Napa'' (885), ''Naba'' (885), ''Nabe'' (1199) und ''Nab'' (1245), (...)") et versione adiectivo praeposito ''Wald-'' (cui vide [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Wald?wb=gross&nr=1 Navigium], ubi dicitur "'''silvāticus a um''' (''a/o-Deklination'') Wald-, zum Wald gehörig").</ref> | Nabas Silvatica<ref name="Naba silvatica"/> seu Napa Silvatica<ref name="Naba silvatica"/> seu Nabe Silvaticum<ref name="Naba silvatica"/> seu Nab Silvaticum<ref name="Naba silvatica"/> | ''Waldnaab'' | align="right" | 99 | [[Naba]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Naba"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Ukera]]<ref name="Ukera">Vide [https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110338591.551/html?lang=en degruyter.com], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Ucker, die''' (in Brandenburg)", '''Uecker''' (in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) (...) 1168 ''fluminis ucrensis,'' 1235 (Kopie) ''parte aque'' (...) ''ukera, trans ukeram,'' (...) ''prope ukram'' (...).</ref> | Ukara<ref name="Ukera"/> seu Ukra<ref name="Ukera"/> seu Flumen Ucrense<ref name="Ukera"/> seu Ucra<ref name="Bratring 1805">Bratring, F. W. A., auctore (1805). ''Statistisch-topographische Beschreibung der gesammten Mark Brandenburg''. Berolini: Friedrich Maurer.</ref> | ''Uecker'' | align="right" | 98 | [[Lacus maritimus Stettinensis]]<ref name="LMS">De hoc nomine, confer urbem [[Stettinum]].</ref> | [[Ukera]]<ref name="Ukera"/> |- | [[Alanda (fluvius)|Alanda]]<ref name="Riedel 1841"/> | | ''Aland'' seu ''Milde'' seu ''Biese'' seu ''Milde-Biese-Aland'' | align="right" | 97 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Sualmanaha]]<ref name="Sualmanaha">Vide [https://www.hna.de/lokales/schwalmstadt/schwalmstadt-ort68394/der-nebelfluss-und-seine-geschichte-90881979.html hna.de], ubi dicitur "(...) In der älteren Wissenschaft wird behauptet, im 8. und 9. Jahrhundert habe der Fluss „Sualmanaha“, „Suualmanaha“ und „Swalmanaha“ gelautet, was Dampfwasser oder Nebelfluss oder Nebelgewässer bedeutete (...)".</ref> | Suvalmanaha<ref name="Sualmanaha"/> seu Swalamanaha<ref name="Sualmanaha"/> | ''Schwalm'' | align="right" | 97 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Oura (Sura)|Oura]]<ref name="Binterim & Mooren II 1831">Binterim, A. J., & Mooren, J. H. (1831). ''Die alte und neue Erzdiözese Köln in ihrer ehemaligen Ausdehnung'' (Vol. 2). Moguntiaci: Kirchheim, Schott und Thielmann. </ref> | Ura<ref name="Beyer 1860">Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden Mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). Hölscher.</ref> | ''Our'' seu ''Ur'' | align="right" | 96 | [[Sura (Mosella)|Sura Mosellae]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dame]]<ref name="Dame">Confer [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA86#v=snippet&q=1440&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch] de regione homonymā, ubi dicitur "(...) provincia, que Dame dicitur (...)".</ref> | | ''Dahme'' | align="right" | 95 | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Swarza]]<ref name="Swarza">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzach_(Naab) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Bereits 1250 wurde die „Swarza“ erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Schwarzach'' | align="right" | 95 | [[Naba]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Naba"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Wippera (Onestrudis)|Wippera]]<ref name="Wippera Onestrudis">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Wipper''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Wipper'' | align="right" | 95 | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Doxa (flumen)|Doxa]]<ref name="Doxa">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20241226123407/https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/5ca0240d-cb67-447b-838c-e448c1f84200/1003655.pdf Beiträge zur Geschichte der Besiedlung Nord- und Mitteldeutschlands mit Balkanslaven], ubi dicitur "(...) Das ausschlaggebende Grundwort bei den bereits erwähnten und noch zu erwähnenden Formen scheint der Name der ''Dosse'', ein es Nebenflusses der Havel in der Prignitz. zu sein . Die frühesten, im Grunde jedoch spät einsetzenden Belege dieses Hydronyms sind: 1172 ''iuxta...Doxam'' (Helmold 40); 1274 ''dossa''; 1284 ''infra dosam'' (...)".</ref> | Dossa<ref name="Doxa"/> seu Dosa<ref name="Doxa"/> | ''Dosse'' | align="right" | 94 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinzig_(Rhein)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) 1099: ''ad Chinzechun; ad aliam Chinzichun''[6] 1128: ''flumen'' [Fluss] ''Kinzicha, flumen Kynzichun, ad aliam Kynzicham'' (...)".</ref> | Chinzichun<ref name="Chinzechun"/> seu Kinzicha<ref name="Chinzechun"/> seu Kynzichun<ref name="Chinzechun"/> seu Kynzicha<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | ''Kinzig'' | align="right" | 93 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kincicha]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | | ''Kinzig'' | align="right" | 92 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]<ref name=Gr/> | Nagalta<ref name=Gr/> seu Nagaltha<ref name=Gr/> seu Naglatensis<ref name=Gr/> | ''Nagold'' | align="right" | 91 | [[Enze]]<ref name="Enze"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Premantia]]<ref name="Premantia">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prims#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Eine lateinische Urkunde Karls des Großen von 802 erwähnt den Namen Premantia. Der Flussname Premantia oder Bhrimantia (von „wallen“/„summen“) dürfte der keltischen Epoche entstammen (...)".</ref> | Bhrimantia | ''Prims'' | align="right" | 91 | [[Saravus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Glana (Nava)|Glana]]<ref name="Fabricius 1891">Fabricius, W. (1891). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Der Nahegau und seine Umgebung''. Bonnae: Behrend & Co.</ref> | Glan<ref name="Glan Navae">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA177&lpg=PA177&dq=%22flumen+Glan%22&source=bl&ots=ujmIwlysO7&sig=ACfU3U23l5Qidd06sYVb0KVJREd8YLFvDQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwji5bbFwZ-HAxXgQvEDHdb5ClsQ6AF6BAgLEAM#v=onepage&q=%22flumen%20Glan%22&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch], ubi dicitur "(...) Glan, der r.z. Nahe (z. Rhein) bei Odernheim am Glan (...) ''super flumen Glan'' (...)".</ref> seu Glanus<ref name="">Widder, J. C. (1788). ''Versuch einer vollständigen geographisch-historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz'' (Vol. 3). [[Francofurtum ad Moenum|Francofurti ad Moenum]].</ref> | ''Glan'' | align="right" | 90 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Helzaha]]<ref name="Helzaha">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elz_(Rhein)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Nach Berger (1999) sind die Namen ''Helzaha fluvium'' (763), ''Elzach'' (1234) und ''Elza'' (1335) urkundlich belegt (...)".</ref> | Elsach<ref name="Helzaha"/> seu Elza<ref name="Helzaha"/> seu Alisontia<ref name=Gr/> | ''Elz'' | align="right" | 90 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]<ref name="Nida Moeni">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nidda_(Fluss)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name ''Nidda'' gehört zu den ältesten Gewässernamen Europas. Die im 1. Jahrhundert an der Nidda errichtete Römerstadt Nida deutet darauf hin, dass die Römer den Flussnamen bereits vorfanden. Die älteste mittelalterliche Erwähnung findet sich in einer Urkunde des Lorscher Codex aus dem Jahr 782 (...)".</ref> | | ''Nidda'' | align="right" | 90 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Plissa]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Pleiße'' | align="right" | 90 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Vutahe]]<ref name="Vutahe">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wutach articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Wutach wird im Jahr 1122 urkundlich erstmals genannt als ''Vutahe'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Wutach'' seu ''Gutach'' | align="right" | 90 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aach Zwiveltense]]<ref name="AZ">De adiectivo Zwiveltense, confer articulum de [[Zwiveltum|urbe Zwivelto]].</ref> | | ''Zwiefalter Aach'' | align="right" | 89 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Dinkel (flumen)|Dinkel]] | | ''Dinkel'' | align="right" | 89 | [[Vidrus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Lacus Yssel]] |- | [[Raxa]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Recknitz'' | align="right" | 88 | [[Mare Balticum]] | [[Raxa]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lapara magna|Lapara Magna]]<ref name="Lapara"/> | | ''Große Laber'' | align="right" | 87 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Stora]]<ref name=Gr/> | Stura<ref name=Gr/> seu Sturia<ref name=Gr/> seu Stihira<ref name=Gr/> | ''Stör'' | align="right" | 87 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Abrinca<ref name="Vergleichendes"/> seu Abricca<ref name="Vergleichendes">[http://books.google.de/books?id=NvYRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA6&lpg=PA6&dq=Abricca&source=bl&ots=eTCBImcOgu&sig=u6nCfXmVmg2Y28LgxVTT_TFVIf4&hl=de&ei=mzfBTpGBMe754QSxqJyoBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCMQ6AEwATge#v=onepage&q=Abricca&f=false Vergleichendes wörterbuch der alten, mittleren und neuen geographie von Friedrich Heinrich Theodor Bischoff, Johann Heinrich Möller]</ref> | ''Ahr'' | align="right" | 85 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hiera]]<ref name="Hiera">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gera_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der ursprüngliche Name des Flusses war Erfes (auch Erphes, Erfis oder Erphis), von dem der Name der Thüringer Landeshauptstadt Erfurt abstammt. Der Name Gera als Flussbezeichnung ist seit 1108 (Gerahe) belegt (...) Die lateinische Bezeichnung Hiera für Gera findet sich auch in der Benennung der alten Universität Erfurt als „Hierana“ (die an der Gera gelegene) (...)".</ref> | Gera<ref name="Hiera"/> seu Erfes<ref name="Hiera"/> seu Erphes<ref name="Hiera"/> seu Erfis<ref name="Hiera"/> seu Erphis<ref name="Hiera"/> seu Gerahe<ref name="Hiera"/> | ''Gera'' | align="right" | 85 | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Prumia (flumen)|Prumia]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | | ''Prüm'' | align="right" | 85 | [[Sura (Mosella)|Sura Mosellae]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Osterbek]] | | ''Osterbek'' | align="right" | 85 | [[Alstria]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Owe Magnum]]<ref name="Owe Magnum">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan". De hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur "(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)". Adiectivo "magnum" Theodiscum adiectivum "Große" vertitur.</ref> | Audan Magnum<ref name="Owe Magnum"/> | ''Große Aue'' | align="right" | 85 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Schipbeek]] | | ''Schipbeek'' | align="right" | 85 | [[Isala]]<ref name="Isala"/> | [[Isala]]<ref name="Isala"/> |- | [[Wippera (Sala)|Wippera Salae]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | | ''Wipper'' | align="right" | 85 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Zuda (flumen)|Zuda]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | | ''Sude'' | align="right" | 85 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |} ===Flumina inter 84 et 75 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 84 et 75 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Amsara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Amsaris<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> seu Hemiscara<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> seu Eimscherna<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | ''Emscher'' | align="right" | 84 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Stepenitz (Albis)|Stepenitz Albis]]<ref name="Stepenitz">Vide ''Usus aquarum, Interdisziplinäre Studien zur Nutzung und Bedeutung von Gewässern im Mittelalter'', , ubi dicitur "(...) 1264) 1570 ''fluuii Stepenitz'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Stepenitz'' | align="right" | 84 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Aisca]]<ref name="Aisca">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisch#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Früher wurde fälschlicherweise angenommen, dass die Herkunft des Namens Aisch (karolingisch Eisce und Eisge, in einer Urkunde von 1129 Aisca[6]) in seiner ursprünglichen Konnotation fischreich bedeutet (...)".</ref> | Eisce<ref name="Aisca"/> seu Eisge<ref name="Aisca"/> | ''Aisch'' | align="right" | 83 | [[Radiantia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wazowniza]]<ref name="Wesenitz">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesenitz#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) In der Oberlausitzer Grenzurkunde wurde der Fluss 1241 mehrfach als ''Wazowniza''⁷ genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Wesenitz'' | align="right" | 83 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Isala Rhenaniae Septentrionalis-Vestfaliae|Isala Vetus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | Sala<ref name="Hofmann"/> | ''Issel'' | align="right" | 82 | [[Isala]]<ref name="Isala"/> | [[Isala]]<ref name="Isala"/> |- | [[Duria (Danubius)|Duria Danubii]]<ref name="Duria">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zusam#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Eine Landschaftsbezeichnung von 898 in pago Dúria („im Gau Dúria“) enthält den alten Namen des Flusses. Dieser stammt vermutlich vom keltisch/gallischen Wort *durā, *duriā, was so viel wie 'Flusslauf' bedeutet.[4] 1268 tritt der Name als Zvsma, 1269 als Zvsem, 1284 als Zeusme (...)".</ref> | Zusma<ref name="Duria"/> seu Zusem<ref name="Duria"/> seu Zeusme<ref name="Duria"/> | ''Zusam'' | align="right" | 81 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Helmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | Elmena<ref name=Gr/> | ''Helme'' | align="right" | 81 | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Isana (Aenus)|Isana Aeni]]<ref name=Gr/> | Isia<ref name=Gr/> seu Isinisca<ref name=Gr/> | ''Isen'' | align="right" | 81 | [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Helbe]]<ref name="Helbe">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helbe#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...)Im Jahr 1267 taucht der Fluss als ''aquam … Helbe'' erstmals in den schriftlichen Urkunden auf (...)".</ref> | | ''Helbe'' | align="right" | 80 | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Itessa]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Ichesa<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | ''Itz'' | align="right" | 80 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aha (flumen)|Aha]]<ref name="Aha">Vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783258481142_A43727966/preview-9783258481142_A43727966.pdf FLüsse der Alpen: Vielfalt in Natur und Kultur], ubi dicitur "(...) ''ad Ahae fluvii'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Großache'' seu ''Kitzbüheler Ache'' seu ''Jochberger Ache'' seu ''Kössener Ache'' seu ''Tiroler Achen'' | align="right" | 79 | [[Lacus Chiemensis]]<ref name="Chiemensis">Gerhard Lorenz, [https://www.bavarikon.de/search?terms=Prior+von+Tegernsee&lang=en&facet=creator.name_str%3AGerhard%2C+Lorenz%3B+Verfasser "Brevis Bavariae geographia" (Herbipoli: 1844).]</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Murga (Nigra silva septentrionalis)|Murga Nigra silva septentrionalis]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Murg'' | align="right" | 79 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wiesent]]<ref name="Wiesent">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=6QkAAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA648&lpg=PA648&dq=%22amnis+Wiesent%22&source=bl&ots=ll6FFVN8hL&sig=ACfU3U3LV2O7iOzTO3ktkkn5305tf_T6fw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwijsom6v7iHAxWwfKQEHRnRD_4Q6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=%22amnis%20Wiesent%22&f=false ''Bryologia universa seu Systematica ad novam methodum dispositio'', Vol. II], ubi dicitur "(...) In lapidicinis et ad ripa amnis Wiesent prope Erlangam (...)".</ref> | | ''Wiesent'' | align="right" | 79 | [[Radiantia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Filisa (Naba)|Filisa Nabae]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | Vilsa<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | ''Vils'' | align="right" | 78 | [[Naba]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Naba"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Mintela]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Mindel'' | align="right" | 78 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Remisus]]<ref name="Remisus">Vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=FuwzkvZmlVAC&pg=RA2-PT353&lpg=RA2-PT353&dq=Rems+fluvius&source=bl&ots=pqKYOU-Qfo&sig=ACfU3U0iTPhkv6wzJUq8mkuntYSbzkgUaw&hl=de&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi04PX82dvmAhVKK5oKHUwGAR8Q6AEwAXoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=Rems%20fluvius&f=false FONS LATINITATIS CORVINIANUS BICORNIS, auctore Christophoro Giglingio].</ref> | Remsa<ref name="Remisus"/> seu Ramasia<ref>[https://books.google.de/books?id=bmITAAAAIAAJ&q=Ramasia&dq=Ramasia&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjX3v-KyNvmAhXQLVAKHZyABysQ6AEIXDAH Fons nominis in ''Heinrich Bebels Facetien drei Bücher'', 1931, pag. 199]</ref> | ''Rems'' | align="right" | 78 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Frimida]]<ref name="Frimida">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfreimd_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ältesten Belege des Namens Pfreimd sind ''Frimida'' (1022/23), ''Frima'' (1024–1031), ''Phrime'' (um 1130; mit der alten Schreibung <ph> für <pf>) und ''Phrimede'' (1156) (...)".</ref> | Frima<ref name="Frimida"/> seu Phrime<ref name="Frimida"/> seu Phrimede<ref name="Frimida"/> | ''Pfreimd'' | align="right" | 76 | [[Naba]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Naba"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Smuttura]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Schmutter'' | align="right" | 76 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Ilma (Bavaria)|Ilma]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Ilma">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilm_(Abens)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Im Jahre 821 schrieb man ''Ilma'', 890 ''Ilminam'', 920 ''Ilmim'' und seit 1322 ''Ilm'' (...)".</ref> | Ilmina<ref name="Ilma"/> seu Ilmin<ref name="Ilma"/> seu Ilm<ref name="Ilma"/> | ''Ilm'' | align="right" | 75 | [[Abia (Danubius)|Abia Danubii]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Lade]]<ref name="Lade">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leda_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste schriftliche Nennung (fluuium Lade) stammt aus der ersten Hälfte des 9. Jahrhunderts (...)".</ref> | | ''Leda'' | align="right" | 75 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Murga (Neoburgum)|Murga Neoburgensis]]<ref name="Murga NB">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauter_(Rhein,_Neuburg)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Lauter hieß am Unterlauf in keltisch-römischer Zeit Murga (...)".</ref> | Lutra<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Lauter'' seu ''Wieslauter'' | align="right" | 75 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Tribula (Penus)|Tribula Peni]]<ref name="Tribula">Vide [https://mvdok.lbmv.de/mjbrenderer?id=mvdok_document_00002847 Die slavischen Ortsnamen in Meklenburg], ubi dicitur "(...) Trebel, Fluß, unterhalb Demmin in die Peene, 1285 aqva, que Tribula dicitur, 1292 supra Treble, 1298 fluvius Trebele (...)".</ref> | Treble<ref name="Tribula"/> | ''Trebel'' | align="right" | 75 | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> |} ===Flumina inter 74 et 60 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 74 et 60 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Kambeloch]]<ref name="Kambeloch">Vide [https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/31392/1/Katalog%20der%20romanischen%20Ortsnamen%20in%20Bayern.pdf ''Katalog der romanischen Ortsnamen in Bayern''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Kammel''', Fluss links zur Mindel (z.Donau), ON. Kammlach (Lkr. Unterallgäu), 1243 ''Kambeloch'', < FlN. (kelt.) *''Kambal''- (+ ahd. -''aha'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Kammel'' seu ''Kammlach'' | align="right" | 74 | [[Mintela]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Lesura (flumen Germanicum)|Lesura]]<ref name="Lesura">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieser_(Mosel)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name des Baches ist keltischen Ursprungs.[4] Die früheste Erwähnung der Lieser als ''Lesura'' findet sich in dem um 371 entstandenen Gedicht Mosella von Ausonius.[5] In Vers 365 steht: „Praetereo exilem Lesuram“ (die armselige Lieser übergehe ich).[6] In einem Testament aus dem Dezember 634 wird von Weingütern an der Lieser berichtet, die der Eigentümer besitzt: „Vineas ad Lesuram … quas possedi“.[7] Seit dem späten 8. Jahrhundert wandelt sich das e im Flussnamen ''Lesura'' zu ''i'' oder y, wobei auch der Name Lisera vorkommt. Der heutige Name ''Lieser'' ist erstmals in einer Urkunde aus dem Jahr 1357 beleg (...)".</ref> | Lisera | ''Lieser'' | align="right" | 74 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Iesne]]<ref name="Iesne">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeetzel#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird um das Jahr 1014 als Jesne erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Jeetzel'' | align="right" | 73 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Treya]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Treene'' | align="right" | 73 | [[Egdor]]<ref name="Egdor"/> | [[Egdor]]<ref name="Egdor"/> |- | [[Mogus rufus|Mogus Rufus]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Roter Main'' | align="right" | 72 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Soeste]] | | ''Soeste'' | align="right" | 72 | [[Iummium (flumen)|Iummium]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wachna]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Waharna<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | ''Werre'' | align="right" | 72 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Abia (Danubius)|Abia]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Abens'' | align="right" | 71 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Böhme (flumen)|Böhme]] | | ''Böhme'' | align="right" | 71 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Vesa]]<ref name="Vesa">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=ELmR13uk8BwC&pg=PA1792&lpg=PA1792&dq=Vesdre+%22Vesa%22&source=bl&ots=dWgI2GF9n1&sig=ACfU3U3Fu4SstiopCZsYdLFXxKIkWlO_Qg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiUvcSP-rWHAxX3RPEDHdwiBGY4ChDoAXoECB0QAw#v=onepage&q=Vesdre%20%22Vesa%22&f=false ''Dictionnaire Géographique Et Statistique Sur Un Plan Entièrement Nouveau, Volume 2''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''VESDRE''', lat. ''Vesa'', riv. d'Europe affl. dr. de l'Ourte à Chênée (...)".</ref> | | ''Weser'' | align="right" | 71 | [[Urta]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Agger (flumen)|Agger]] | | ''Agger'' | align="right" | 70 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sura (Rhenus)|Sura Rheni]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Sauer'' | align="right" | 70 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Arguna Inferior]]<ref name="ArgInf">Fingitur hoc nomen Latino e nomine fluminis Argunae (Theodisce ''Argen'') et versione adiectivi ''Untere'', "inferior-ius". </ref> | | ''Untere Argen'' | align="right" | 69 | [[Arguna]]<ref name="Arguna">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...)Der Fluss wird 839 erstmals als ''ad Argunam'' schriftlich erwähnt. Er bedeutete ursprünglich 'hell, glänzend, (blitz)schnell' (...)".</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Haidenaab]] | | ''Haidenaab'' | align="right" | 69 | [[Naba]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Naba"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Nidder]]<ref name="Nidder">Vide [https://geschichtsvereinhoechst.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Hoechster-Geschichtsverein-Geschichtshefte-1978-heft-30-31-kurmainische-schloss-zu-hoechst-am-main.pdf ''Das kurmainzische Schloß zu Höchst am Main''], ubi dicitur "(...) Moenus fluvius, Nidder fluvius (...)".</ref> | | ''Nidder'' | align="right" | 69 | [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]<ref name="Nida"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sinna (flumen)|Sinna Salae Moeni]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Sinn'' | align="right" | 69 | [[Sala (Moeni)|Sala Moeni]]<ref name="Sala in pago"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Weteraha]]<ref name="Weteraha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde 772 als „Wetteraha“ erstmals schriftlich erwähnt.[5] Weitere Namensformen sind „Weteraha“, „Wettera“, „Wetera“ und „Weter“ (...)".</ref> | Wettera<ref name="Weteraha"/> seu Wetera<ref name="Weteraha"/> seu Weter<ref name="Weteraha"/> | ''Wetter'' | align="right" | 69 | [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]<ref name="Nida"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Tollense]]<ref name="Tollense">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=THpYAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA1&lpg=PA1&dq=%22flumen+Tollense%22&source=bl&ots=CdYxZN4qYZ&sig=ACfU3U3_0MiH2yDFIhsR5LpriED48tJvfw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjsgNbVl7aHAxXJYPEDHUnIA9cQ6AF6BAgOEAM#v=onepage&q=%22flumen%20Tollense%22&f=false ''Georgii Tertii ... Regis Magnae Britanniae, Franciae, Hiberniae defensoris''], ubi dicitur "(...) quorum illos LAacus et flumen Tollense Stargardiae et Pomeraniae exteriori vindicant (...)".</ref> | | ''Tollense'' | align="right" | 68 | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Flöha]] | | ''Flöha'' | align="right" | 67 | [[Scopa (flumen)|Scopa]]<ref name="Albinus 1590"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Huna]]<ref name="Huna">Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_naa002197301_01/_naa002197301_01_0003.php ''Naamkunde. Jaargang 5''] ubi dicitur "(...) De '''Haune''', rechterbijrivier van de Fulda te Bad Hersfeld (Land Hessen, Reg.-Bez. Kassel, Landkr. en AG Hersfeld): 747 (onecht stuk, waarschijnlijk van 822-24; hs. kort na het midden der XIIe e.) ''in australem Hûnam ... in Hunam'', 789 (k. kort na het midden der XIIe e. van k. 828) ''fluvii, quae vocatur Huna''(40); ...; 980 (or.) ''in fluvium Huna vocatum ... in Hunaha, de Hunaha''(41). (...)".</ref> | Hunaha | ''Haune'' | align="right" | 67 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Labere]]<ref name="Labere">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals schriftlich erwähnt wurde der Fluss etwa um 1150 als Labere (...)".</ref> | | ''Schwarze Laber'' seu ''Schwarze Laaber'' | align="right" | 67 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Schwarzer Schöps]] | | ''Schwarzer Schöps'' | align="right" | 67 | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Werse]]<ref name="Werse">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werse#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der älteste urkundliche Beleg des Namens der Werse stammt aus dem Jahr 1189 als ''Werse'', und aus dem Jahr 1279 stammt die Form ''de Wersa''. Für das Jahr 1316 erscheint in Lateinisch der Eintrag ''molendino dicto Wersa'', also ein Mühlort, beziehungsweise eine Wassermühle die (an der) Werse genannt wird (...)".</ref> | Wersa<ref name="Werse"/> | ''Werse'' | align="right" | 67 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Löcknitz]] | | ''Löcknitz'' | align="right" | 66 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Bilena]]<ref name=Gr/> | Billena<ref name=Gr/> | ''Bille'' | align="right" | 65 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Bunaha (flumen)|Bunaha]]<ref name="Bunaha">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex [[Baunach|oppido homonymo]]. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://www.yumpu.com/de/document/read/5481494/sankt-oswald-baunach-pfarrei-st-oswald-baunach ''Sankt Oswald Baunach''], ubi dicitur "(...) ad Bunaha ubi ecclesia edificata erat (...)".</ref> | | ''Baunach'' | align="right" | 65 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ilissus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Ilsus<ref name=Gr/> seu Iltsa<ref name=Gr/> seu Iltza<ref name=Gr/> | ''Ilz'' | align="right" | 65 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Lapara parva|Lapara Parva]]<ref name="Lapara"/> | | ''Kleine Laber'' seu ''Kleine Laaber'' | align="right" | 65 | [[Lapara magna|Lapara Magna]]<ref name="Lapara"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Nuthe|Nuthe Habalae]]<ref name="Nuthe">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=Y-VGAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA497&lpg=PA497&dq=%22fluvius+nuthe%22&source=bl&ots=ew4OufOUqY&sig=ACfU3U1NZgQzw_R5Ctg_Z4y-xjPnhODopA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwje1uS7p7aHAxWFQvEDHTzqD6sQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=%22fluvius%20nuthe%22&f=false ''Cornelii Taciti opera quae supersunt''], ubi dicitur "(...) Nuithones, populus Germaniae in comitatu Marchiae Mediae, ubi fluvius ''Nuthe'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Nuthe'' | align="right" | 65 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Möhne]] | | ''Möhne'' | align="right" | 65 | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nister (flumen)|Nister]]<ref name="Nister">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/cellarius1/cellariushistoria.html CHRISTOPHORI CELLARII HISTORIA UNIVERSALIS BREVITER AC PERSPICVE EXPOSITA IN ANTIQUAM, ET MEDII AEV AC NOVAM DIVISA, CUM NOTIS PERPETVIS EDITIO XI. AD NOSTRA USQUE TEMPORA CONTINVATA ET SUMMARIIS AUCTA], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Cochin vocatur castellum ad fluvium Nister, quod pacificatione post hanc victoriam Walachorum principi a Polonis restitutum fuit'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Nister'' | align="right" | 64 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rezat]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=bqhMAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP12&lpg=PP12&dq=amnis+,+Rezat+feu+Redniz+,+olim+Radiantia+dictus&source=bl&ots=CXb6OXVZC-&sig=ACfU3U0rrGccL2eu9TSN4x0nIlOWdLfgUA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiPxaDRwraHAxVdVPEDHcn8C2wQ6AF6BAgOEAM#v=onepage&q=amnis%20%2C%20Rezat%20feu%20Redniz%20%2C%20olim%20Radiantia%20dictus&f=false ''Natalem vicesimum septimum serenissimae principis ac dominae''], ubi dicitur "(...) Rezat seu Redniz, olim Radiantia dictus (...)". Quamquam, secundum hunc librum, nomina "Radiantia" et "Rezat" et "Redniz" synonyma olim erant, eligitur "Rezat" flumini hodie Theodisce ''Fränkische Rezat'' nuncupato; nomen "Radiantia" flumini hodie Theodisce ''Regnitz'' nuncupato; nomen "Redniz" flumini hodie Theodisce ''Rednitz'' nuncupato. Flumini hodie Theodisce ''Schwäbische Rezat'' nuncupato, eligitur nomen "Radentia", secundum articulum de hoc flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam, ubi dicitur "(...) Im Jahr 793 wurde der Fluss erstmals als „Radentia“ erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Fränkische Rezat'' | align="right" | 64 | [[Redniz]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Salica (flumen)|Salica]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Selke'' | align="right" | 64 | [[Boda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Wenkbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Wenkbach'' | align="right" | 64 | [[Par-Allna]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Alzus]]<ref name="Alzus">Vide [http://www.lateinlexikon.com/lexicon_latinum_hodiernum_parsgeographica.pdf ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum Lucusaltianum''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Alz,''' f ''Alzus, i, m'' [ORB p.63]; ''Alezussa, ae, f'' [ORB p.59]; ''Alzissa, ae, f'' [ORB p.63]; ''Alszista, ae, f'' [ORB p.63]; ''Alasa, ae, f'' [ORB p.57]; ''Alaza, ae, f'' [ORB p.57]; ''Alsa, ae,'' f [ORB p.61]; ''Alza, ae, f'' [ORB p.63]; ''Acha, ae, f'' [ORB p.53]; ''Achsa, ae,'' f [ORB p.53]; ''Achza, ae, f'' [ORB p.53] {flumen Germanicum, quod in Aeno influit} (...)".</ref> | Alezussa,<ref name="Alzus"/> Alzissa,<ref name="Alzus"/> Alszista,<ref name="Alzus"/> Alasa,<ref name="Alzus"/> Alaza,<ref name="Alzus"/> Alsa,<ref name="Alzus"/> Alza,<ref name="Alzus"/> Acha,<ref name="Alzus"/> Achsa,<ref name="Alzus"/> Achza<ref name="Alzus"/> | ''Alz'' | align="right" | 63 | [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Saletio (flumen)|Saletio]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | Salia<ref name="Chytraeus 1599">Chytraeus, D. (1599). ''Saxonia, ab anno Christi 1500 usque ad MDXCIX recognita, et ad hoc usque praesentem annum MDC continuata''. [[Lipsia]]e: Impensis Henningi Grosii.</ref> | ''Selz'' | align="right" | 63 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Salmona]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | Salma<ref name="Hofmann"/> | ''Salm'' | align="right" | 63 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Vilisa (Nicer)|Vilisa Niceri]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Fils'' | align="right" | 63 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Werma]]<ref name="Werma">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wern#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Den Namen schrieb man im 8. Jahrhundert ''Werma'' und um das Jahr 1015 ''Werina'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Wern'' | align="right" | 63 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Emmera]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Ambra<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | ''Emmer'' | align="right" | 62 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Escheda]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Esta<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | ''Este'' | align="right" | 62 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Milnitz]]<ref name="Milnitz">Vide [https://mvdok.lbmv.de/mjbrenderer?id=mvdok_document_00002847 ''Die slavischen Ortsnamen in Meklenburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) Mildenitz, Nebenfluß der Warnow, 1237 die bach Milnitz, 1256 usque Milnitz fluuium, 1272 aqua Mildenizce (...)".</ref> | Mildenizce | ''Mildenitz'' | align="right" | 62 | [[Warnou]]<ref name="Warnou"/> | [[Warnou]]<ref name="Warnou"/> |- | [[Ursena]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Ursene<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Örtze'' | align="right" | 62 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Scuzina]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Schussen'' | align="right" | 62 | [[Lacus Bodamicus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Zwentine]]<ref name="Zwentine">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=JusDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA690&lpg=PA690&dq=%22Zwentina%22+Schwentine&source=bl&ots=NShweEDAaE&sig=ACfU3U1QJPxuSMkZU_e946z20Z2AyCu0Cg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwieo7P51LaHAxXW1QIHHRflAKkQ6AF6BAgcEAM#v=onepage&q=%22Zwentine%22%20&f=false ''Urkundensammlung der Schledswig-holstein-lauenburgischen ..., Volume 1''], ubi dicitur "(...) Cujus termini sunt in aquilonari parte a Zwentine usque ad Lapides (...) situm in Zwentina fluvio prope clautrum (...)".</ref> | Zwentina<ref name="Zwentine"/><ref name="Zwentina">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwentine#Historisches hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Auch Namensformen wie Zwentina, Zuentina, Suentana sind historisch belegt (...)".</ref> seu Zuentina<ref name="Zwentina"/> seu Suentana<ref name="Zwentina"/> | ''Schwentine'' | align="right" | 62 | [[Lacus Parvus Ploenensis]]<ref name="LPP">Fingitur huius lacūs nomen (Theodisce ''Kleiner Plöner See'') adiacenti ex urbe [[Ploena|Ploenā]]. Latino de huius urbis nomine, vide {{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Zwentine]]<ref name="Zwentine"/> |- | [[Nemesa]]<ref name="Nemesa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nims#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Nims wird bereits in römischer Zeit vom Dichter Decim(i)us Magnus Ausonius in seinem Werk "Mosella" als ''Nemesa'' erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Nims'' | align="right" | 61 | [[Prumia (flumen)|Prumia]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Plana (Habala)|Plana]]<ref name="Plana">Riedel, A. F., auctore (1849). ''Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis''. Praecipua pars 1, Volumen 8. Berolini: F.H. Morin.</ref> | | ''Plane'' | align="right" | 61 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Amana (flumen)|Amana]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | | ''Ohm'' | align="right" | 60 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ardaha]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Arda<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | ''Aar'' | align="right" | 60 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kraichbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Kraichbach'' seu ''Kraich'' | align="right" | 60 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Locha (flumen Germanicum)|Locha]]<ref name="Locha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauchert#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) In den ersten schriftlichen Nennungen des 13. Jh. heißt der Fluss ''Locha'' (...)".</ref><ref name="Locha2">Vide [https://archive.org/stream/wirtembergische02staagoog/wirtembergische02staagoog_djvu.txt ''Wirtembergisches urkundenbuch; herausgegeben von dem Königlichen staatsarchiv in Stuttgart''], ubi dicitur "(...) qui ex arce nostra Altenburg ad flumen, quod Locha dicitur (...)".</ref> | | ''Lauchert'' | align="right" | 60 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Nebula (flumen Germanicum)|Nebula]]<ref name="Nebula">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebel_(Fluss)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Nebel ist 1189 als ''Nebula'' ersturkundlich genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Nebel'' | align="right" | 60 | [[Warnou]]<ref name="Warnou"/> | [[Warnou]]<ref name="Warnou"/> |- | [[Phunzin]]<ref name="Phunzin">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=Z2oAAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA69&lpg=PA69&dq=%22Pfinz%22+fluvius&source=bl&ots=ivgR20gcuE&sig=ACfU3U0GvdH1J3wBfLY8Wl4IQyDP8hsMsA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjn4OGb7LaHAxWlR_EDHQmmDRAQ6AF6BAgaEAM#v=onepage&q=%22Pfinz%22%20fluvius&f=false ''Geographia pagorum vetustae Germaniae cisrhenanorum''], ubi dicitur "(...) PHUNZIN fl. (h. ''Pfin'') a quo pagellus nomen traxit, oritur non longe a Portâ Hercininiae (...)".</ref> | | ''Pfinz'' | align="right" | 60 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Pulsnicia (fluvius)|Pulsnicia]]<ref name="Müller 1715">Müller, C. (1715). ''Saxoniae Electoralis Descriptio Historico-Geographica''. Lipsiae: Officina Gleditschiana.</ref> | Polsniza<ref name="Posse 1883">Posse, O. (Ed.) (1883). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band 3. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen y Landgrafen von Thüringen (1196–1234)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke & Devrient.</ref> seu Polsnicz<ref name="">Gersdorf, E. G. (Ed.) (1864). ''Urkundenbuch del Hochstifts Meißen (Band 1)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke & Devrient.</ref> | ''Pulsnitz'' | align="right" | 60 | [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]<ref name="Elstra Nigra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]<ref name="Spira">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=FwLmPwST_TIC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=%22Speyerbach%22+flumen&source=bl&ots=MMu5IpjCnq&sig=ACfU3U1UUwmNCx1XsPxoC3xBNCcwKc0JDA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwigoozG6LaHAxUpR_EDHZYBDiUQ6AF6BAgYEAM#v=onepage&q=%22Speyerbach%22%20flumen&f=false ''Der Kaiser-Dom zu Speyer: eine topographisch-historische Monographie, Volume 1''], ubi dicitur "(...) inde autem ad flumen Spira (Speyerbach) dictum (...)".</ref> | | ''Speyerbach'' seu ''Speyer'' seu ''Speierbach'' | align="right" | 60 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |} ===Flumina inter 59 et 50 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 59 et 50 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Alisontia (Mosella)|Alisontia]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Elzbach'' seu ''Elz'' | align="right" | 59 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Almana]]<ref name=Gr/> | Aliso<ref name=Gr/> | ''Alme'' | align="right" | 59 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fona]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Fuhne'' | align="right" | 59 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Nitasa]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | | ''Nette'' | align="right" | 59 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Radiantia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | Rekinzi<ref name="Rekinzi">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnitz#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Es ist erstmals in einer lateinischen Urkunde von 1160 als „Rekinzi“ erwähnt (...)".</ref> | ''Regnitz'' | align="right" | 59 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wiscoz]]<ref name="Wiscoz">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weschnitz#Flussname hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Auf die Weschnitz wird mit Wiscoz, Wisgots[4] oder ähnlichen Schreibweisen in zahlreichen Urkunden des Lorscher Codex als Referenz für die Lage des Klosters Lorsch Bezug genommen. Auch in anderen lateinischen Publikationen erscheint dieser Name.[5] (...)".</ref> | Wisgots | ''Weschnitz'' | align="right" | 59 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lubetowe]]<ref name="Lubetowe">Vide [https://www.sorabicon.de/kulturlexikon/artikel/prov_urb_tjk_d3b/ ''Gewässernamen''], ubi dicitur "(...) danach benannt ist das ''Löbauer Wasser'', das aber 1228/1241 ''Lubotna'' hieß, 1268 ''flumen Lubetowe'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Löbauer Wasser'' | align="right" | 58 | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Luya|Luya Ilmenae]]<ref name=Gr/> | Lia<ref name=Gr/> | ''Luhe'' | align="right" | 58 | [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Manachfialta]]<ref name="Manachfialta">Vide [https://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/lc-de-en-liste2.html ''Liber...censualium: Digitale Edition - Nachträge und Einbindungen fol. 39 - 43v''], ubi dicitur "(...) Haienperch totum in circuito inde inter flumina Manachfialta et Slieraha usque ad Hesilintal (...) (...) ''Manachfialta'': TF Mangfall (...) de Hesilintal sursum iuxta Slieraha usque ad Rotenpach inde usque ad cacumen Citolfesecca inde usque ad medietatem Manachvalte. inde iusum iuxta Manachvalta usque ad Hesilental (...) ''Manachvalta'': TF Mangfall (...)".</ref> | Manachvalta<ref name="Manachfialta"/> | ''Mangfall'' | align="right" | 58 | [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Parda (flumen)|Parda]]<ref name="Bavarikon">Vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=224&cq=Novigrad%20%E2%9D%ACIstrien%E2%9D%AD%20=%20Cittanova%20d%27Istria&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N - Z''].</ref> | | ''Parthe'' | align="right" | 58 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Schuntra]]<ref name=Gr/> | Scontra<ref name=Gr/> seu Scuntra<ref name=Gr/> | ''Schunter'' | align="right" | 58 | [[Ovacra]]<ref name="Ovacra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Secunda Alestra]]<ref name="Secunda Alestra">Vide [https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/projekty/ahisto/portal/fulltext.php?docid=635&search=Kleine+Elster Monumenta Egrana I], ubi dicitur "(...) die secunda Alestra sicher gleich mit der Elstra minor (der kleinen Elster) einer nicht viel späteren Urkunde (...)".</ref> | Elstra Minor<ref name="Secunda Alestra"/> | ''Kleine Elster'' | align="right" | 59 | [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]<ref name="Elstra Nigra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Stibarna]]<ref name="Stibarna">Vide [https://archive.org/stream/grndungsgeschic00tibugoog/grndungsgeschic00tibugoog_djvu.txt ''Gründungsgeschichte der stifter, pfarrkirchen, klöster und kapellen im bereiche des alten bisthums Münster, mit ausschluss des ehemaligen friesischen theils''], ubi dicitur "(...) Sülfen Tiegt naͤmlich unweit des Steverfluffes (Stibarna, Stivarna, Stiburna) (...) h „iuxta Stibarna“ bezeichnet wird (...)".</ref> | Stivarna<ref name="Stibarna"/> seu Stiburna<ref name="Stibarna"/> | ''Stever'' | align="right" | 58 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Tannbacum (Sala)|Tannbacum Salae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Tannbach'' | align="right" | 58 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Wundreb (flumen)|Wundreb]]<ref name="Wundreb">Fingitur huius fluminis nomen e Latino homonymi oppiduli nomine, secundum [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_8rY-AAAAYAAJ/bub_gb_8rY-AAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt ''Regesta sive rerum boicarum autographa ad annum usque MCCC''], ubi dicitur "(...) Ulricua judex de Wundreb (...)".</ref> | | ''Wondreb'' | align="right" | 58 | [[Agara]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Darmbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Darmbach'' | align="right" | 57 | [[Rivulus Niger Ginsheimensis Rhenanus]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lein (Cochera)|Lein]] | Leyn<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Lein'' | align="right" | 57 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Owe Burgdorfiense]]<ref name="Owe Burgd.">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" et adiectivo "Burgdorfiense". De hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur "(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)". De adiectivo "Burgdorfiensis-e", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Audan Burgdorfiense<ref name="Owe Burgd."/> | ''Burgdorfer Aue'' | align="right" | 57 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Reineche]]<ref name="Reineche">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rench#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Rench wurde 1291 erwähnt als ''rivus Reineche'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Rench'' | align="right" | 57 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Simmerbach]]<ref name="Simmerbach">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=wBQ-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA22&lpg=PA22&dq=%22rivus+Simmerbach%22&source=bl&ots=cYl1hMp3vI&sig=ACfU3U1uPmMXEYefVbUd15wXK5KAd9wPJg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjmufD1vbmHAxWlBNsEHc5MBDEQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&q=%22rivus%20Simmerbach%22&f=false ''De Tauni montis parte Transrhenana''], ubi dicitur "(...) propagatum rivus Simmerbach transit (...)".</ref> | | ''Simmerbach'' | align="right" | 57 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ulster (flumen)|Ulster]] | | ''Ulster'' | align="right" | 57 | [[Weraha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Vurmicus|Vurmicus Rurae]]<ref name=Gr/> | Vurmnis<ref name=Gr/> | ''Wurm'' | align="right" | 57 | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wyda (flumen)|Wyda]]<ref name="Wyda">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex [[Wyda|oppido homonymo]]. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Weida<ref name="Wyda"/> seu Weitaha<ref name="Wyda"/> seu Wida<ref name="Wyda"/> seu Weyda<ref name="Wyda"/> | ''Weida'' | align="right" | 57 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Alpha (Isala Vetus)|Alpha Isalae Veteris]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Bocholter Aa'' | align="right" | 56 | [[Isala Rhenaniae Septentrionalis-Vestfaliae|Isala Vetus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Isala]]<ref name="Isala"/> |- | [[Alstria]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Alstra<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> seu Halstera<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> seu Affalstria<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | ''Alster'' | align="right" | 56 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ebera]]<ref name="Ebera">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231091120/http://ebersberger-historie.de/assets/jb_2_web.pdf Weitere Eber-Namen in Deutschland], ubi dicitur "(...) Reiche Ebrach (l. zur Regnitz, 1069 Ebera) (...)".</ref> | |''Reiche Ebrach'' | align="right" | 56 | [[Radiantia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hursilla]]<ref name="Hursilla">Vide [https://collections.thulb.uni-jena.de/receive/HisBest_cbu_00084275 ''Collections@Urmel''], ubi dicitur "(...) 979 in fluvio quodam Hursilla vocat qui fluit in Lupinzgovve (...) 1014 de capella ad Hûrselen (...)".</ref> | Hurselen | ''Hörsel'' | align="right" | 56 | [[Weraha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Odera (Ruma)|Odera Rumae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Oder'' | align="right" | 56 | [[Ruma (flumen)|Ruma]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Schuttera]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | | ''Schutter'' | align="right" | 56 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Swareza]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | Swartza<ref name="Bavarikon"/> seu Swarza<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | ''Schwarzach'' | align="right" | 56 | [[Redniz]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dillena]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | | ''Dill'' | align="right" | 55 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Guntia (flumen)|Guntia]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | Gontia<ref name="Gontia">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnz#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name wird in der Antike schon im 2./3. Jahrhundert inschriftlich erwähnt (Gontiae sacr(um)). (...)".</ref> | ''Günz'' | align="right" | 55 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Horone]]<ref name="Horone">Vide articulum [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_(Schwarzbach)#Hydronymie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Francicam], ubi dicitur "(...) Ancienne mention : ''Hornsbach¹'' (1150). D'après l'aha, « ''zuo deru hoawinum bacha'' ». Une deuxième Horn, appelée maintenant Breidenbach, a formé les localités d'Althorn et Neuhorn qui s'écrivent en 783 « ''in marca Horone''¹ ». (...)".</ref> | Hornsbach<ref name="Horone"/> | ''Horn'' seu ''Hornsbach'' | align="right" | 55 | [[Burchalben]]<ref name="Burchalben"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schlinge (flumen)|Schlinge]] | | ''Schlinge'' | align="right" | 55 | [[Bielheimerbeek]] | [[Isala]]<ref name="Isala"/> |- | [[Wiese (flumen)|Wiese]]<ref name="Wiese">Vide [https://www.e-periodica.ch/cntmng?pid=bhl-001%3A1913%3A22%3A%3A276 ''Über das Vorkommen von Teesdalia und Subularia in der Schweiz''], ubi dicitur "(...) ad flumen Wiese (...)".</ref> | | ''Wiese'' | align="right" | 55 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wisinta]]<ref name="Wisinta">Vide [https://archive.org/details/thringischeges10vereuoft/page/172/mode/2up?view=theater&q=wisinta https://archive.org/details/thringischeges10vereuof]</ref> | Wisenta<ref name="Wisenta">Vide [https://www.bergfex.de/sommer/thueringen/touren/wanderung/1008459,wandern-um-die-talsperre-loessau/ ''Wandern um die Talsperre Lössau''], ubi dicitur "(...) Im Jahr 1071 wird das Flüsschen erstmals erwähnt, das Gebiet, das sie durchfließt wird als „terra Wisenta“ = Wisentaland bezeichnet (...).</ref> | ''Wisenta'' | align="right" | 55 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Woblitz]] | | ''Woblitz'' | align="right" | 55 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Acher]] | | ''Acher'' | align="right" | 54 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Inda (flumen)|Inda]]<ref name="Inda">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inde_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Der Name der Inde ist als ''Inda'' zuerst belegt für die Zeit der Jahre 496 bis 506 n. Chr. in einer Handschrift des 13./14. Jahrhunderts, welche ihrerseits eine aus dem 7./8. Jahrhundert stammende Kopie der ''Cosmographia'' (4, 24) des Geographen von Ravenna kopiert. Der Ortsname der Klostergründung der Reichsabtei Kornelimünster im frühen 9. Jahrhundert, der zuerst ebenfalls kurz ''Inda'' lautete, erscheint bis 855 als ''Sancti Corneli ad Indam'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Inde'' | align="right" | 54 | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Köhntop]] | | ''Köhntop'' | align="right" | 54 | [[Ukera]]<ref name="Ukera"/> | [[Ukera]]<ref name="Ukera"/> |- | [[Rota (Danubius)|Rota Danubii]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Rot<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Rott<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Rote<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Rot'' | align="right" | 54 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Truna (Alzus|Truna Alzensis]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Traun'' | align="right" | 54 | [[Alzus]]<ref name="Alzus"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Vurmicus (Nagalda)|Vurmicus Nagaldae]]<ref name="Vurmicus Nagalda">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Würm'' | align="right" | 54 | [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Elisinza]]<ref name="Elisinza">Vide [http://www.arbre-celtique.com/encyclopedie/alisantia-alisontia-elsenz-16628.htm Encyclopédie de l'Arbre Celtique], ubi dicitur "(...) Nom antique de l'Elsenz, rivière affluente du Neckar (...). Cet hydronyme apparaît ensuite sous les formes ''Elisinza fluvius, sursum Elizinza'' et ''Elisenza'' dans un Acte du roi Otton III, daté du 1^er janvier 988 (...).</ref> | Elizinza<ref name="Elisinza"/> seu Elisenza<ref name="Elisinza"/> | ''Elsenz'' | align="right" | 53 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ferum Bistrice]]<ref name="Ferum Bistrice">Fingitur hoc hydronymum ex adiectivo "ferum" (Theodisce ''Wilde'') et nomine Latino "Bistrice". De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Zur_Geschichte_der_Besiedelung_der_Dresdner_Gegend Zur Geschichte der Besiedelung der Dresdner Gegend], ubi dicitur "Buistrizi ist der urkundliche, mit dem Flußnamen der Weißeritz (Wisteritz, 1206 flumen Bistrice, 1366 Wistricz) zusammenhängende Name des Burgwards (...)".</ref> | Ferum Buistrizi<ref name="Ferum Bistrice"/> seu Februm Wisteritz<ref name="Ferum Bistrice"/> seu Ferum Wistricz<ref name="Ferum Bistrice"/> | ''Wilde Weißeritz'' | align="right" | 53 | [[Bistrice]]<ref name="Bistrice"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Radaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Rodach'' | align="right" | 53 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]] | | ''Schwarza'' | align="right" | 53 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Schwarzach (Alcmana)|Schwarzach Alcmanae]] | | ''Schwarzach'' seu ''Schwarza'' | align="right" | 53 | [[Alcmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Steinbacum (Herbipolis)|Steinbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Steinbach'' | align="right" | 53 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aach Linzgauviense]]<ref name="Lizgauviense">Gentilicium "Linzgauviense" ad Linzgauvia refertur. Hoc de toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linzgau#Mittelalter eius articulum apud Vicipaaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in pago Linzgauvia'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Linzer Aach'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Alf (flumen)|Alf]] | | ''Alf'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Brancia (flumen)|Brancia]]<ref name="Brancia">Vide [https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/31392/1/Katalog%20der%20romanischen%20Ortsnamen%20in%20Bayern.pdf ''Die romanischen Ortsnamen in Bayern''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Brenz''', Fluss links zur Donau, mündet zwischen Faimingen und Lauingen (Lkr. Dillingen an der Donau), um 774 ''fluvium Brancia'', < (kelt.) *''Brandisa'' (...).</ref> | | ''Brenz'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Murrensis]]<ref name="Murrensis">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murr_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Er ist bereits in der Bezeichnung der römerzeitlichen Ansiedlung vicus murrensis belegt, die ein bei Benningen oder bei Murrhardt gelegenes Lagerdorf war (...)". Quo ex vico, fingitur Latinum huius fluminis nomen.</ref> | | ''Murr'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nesse (Hursilla)|Nesse Hursillae]] | | ''Nesse'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Hursilla]]<ref name="Hursilla"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Queicha]]<ref name="Remling 1852">Remling, F. X. (1852). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Bischöfe von Speyer: Vol. I. Aetates antiquiores et medii aevi''. Kirchheim & Schott.</ref> | Queich<ref name="Queich">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=1ikVoFz9F-MC&pg=PA70&lpg=PA70&dq=%22Queich%22+flumen&source=bl&ots=dVXN9_IKSb&sig=ACfU3U3lXPV-apGeopoOVaDcEsxRaPxROw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjz9LzMuruHAxWXcaQEHbD9DMoQ6AF6BAgqEAM#v=onepage&q=%22Queich%22%20flumen&f=false ''Atlas novus exhibens orbem terraqueum per naturae (...)''], ubi dicitur "(...) LANDAW ''Landavia'' V. satis ampla & nunc egregiè ''munita'' olim ''Imperialis,'' ad Flumen ''Queich'' (...).</ref> | ''Queich'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rognitzium (flumen)|Rognitzium]]<ref name="Chytraeus 1593">Chytraeus, D. (1593). ''Chronicon Saxoniae et vicinarum aliquot gentium: ab anno Christi 1500 usque ad 1593''. Impensis haeredum Iacobi Lucii.</ref> | | ''Rögnitz'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Zuda (flumen)|Zuda]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rota (Danubius)|Rota Danubii]]<ref name="Rota Danubii">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymis oppidis Theodisce ''Roth''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Roth'' seu ''Roth am Sand'' seu ''Roth bei Nürnberg'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Snudra]]<ref name="Snudra">Vide [https://www.philol.uni-leipzig.de/fileadmin/Fakult%C3%A4t_Philo/Namenberatungsstelle/NBS_Webseite/Onomastica_Lipsiensia_Band07_Alt-Leipzig_und_das_Leipziger_Land_2010.pdf ''Alt-Leipzig und das Leipziger Land''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Schnauder''', die, r → Weißen Elster sö. Groitzsch. 1104 ''infra Wiram et Snudram'', (...).</ref> | | ''Schnauder'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Stepenitz (Trabena)|Stepenitz Trabenae]] | | ''Stepenitz'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Welse (Viadrus)|Welse Viadri]] | | ''Welse'' | align="right" | 52 | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Alba (Rhenus superior)|Alba Rheni Superioris]]<ref name="Alba">Vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Alb, die''' – 1Alb, Obere~, r.z. Rhein (...) 983 ''ortus Albae,'' 1018 ''Alba'', 1065 ''influit Albam, ad ortum Albae, Alba'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Alb'' | align="right" | 51 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Chambe]]<ref name="Chambe">Vide [https://www.ffw-hof.de/chronik/entstehung-der-ortschaft-hof.html ''Entstehung der Ortschaft Hof''], ubi dicitur "(...) “Cella ad Chambe super regnum flumen“ (Klösterlein bei Chamb am Regenfluss) (...)".</ref> | | ''Chamb'' | align="right" | 51 | [[Regana]]<ref name="Regana"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Eltingmuhlebacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Eltingmühlenbach'' | align="right" | 51 | [[Glane (Amisia)|Glane]] | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Gaspentia]]<ref name=Gr/> | Gaspenza<ref name=Gr/> | ''Gersprenz'' | align="right" | 51 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sinckalta]]<ref name="Sinckalta">Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=8d5lAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA77&lpg=PA77&dq=flumen+%22Singold%22&source=bl&ots=qEiD_QX4Mw&sig=ACfU3U1wTsemX_SdGib3RWUmMUyhhHHpqQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiS3-qvnb6HAxXkVfEDHXWxB40Q6AF6BAgqEAM#v=onepage&q=flumen%20%22Singold%22&f=false ''Jahrs-Bericht des historischen Vereins im Oberdonau-Kreise''], ubi dicitur "(...) Inde ad flumen ''Sinckalta'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Singold'' | align="right" | 51 | [[Wertaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Alasenza (flumen)|Alasenza]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | Alisinza<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | ''Alsenz'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Arguna Superior]]<ref name="ArgSup">Fingitur hoc nomen Latino e nomine fluminis Argunae (Theodisce ''Argen'') et versione adiectivi ''Untere'', "superior-ius". </ref> | | ''Obere Argen'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Arguna]]<ref name="Arguna"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Burchalben]]<ref name="Burchalben">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html ''Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch: ''], ubi dicitur "(...) Schwarzbachs, l.z. Blies (z. Saar z. Mosel z. Rhein). – 1180 Burchalben, (...)" et [https://books.google.es/books?id=I-9aAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA351&lpg=PA351&dq=Burchalben&source=bl&ots=vXYbdT7nPZ&sig=ACfU3U2vjL9nMi7VLCnfIdvQe0tDfpo3tw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiPv6n0x76HAxUMVKQEHVe7F04Q6AF6BAgfEAM#v=onepage&q=Burchalben&f=false ''Subsidia diplomatica ad selecta juris ecclesiastici Germaniae et...''], ubi dicitur "(...) in confinio ''Vosagi'' situm, rivulis scilicet: ''Hermanesbach, Mosalben, & Burchalben'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Burgalb'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Blesa (tributarius Saravi)|Blesa]]<ref name="Blesa"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Clana (Ambra)|Clana Ambrae]]<ref name="Clana Ambrae">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glonn_(Amper)#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Ihren Namen hat der Fluss aus dem keltischen: „Glanos“, das heißt rein und glänzend, oder „glana“, was so viel wie die „Reine, Heilige“ bedeutet. Die Römer haben diesen Namen übernommen. In Urkunden um das Jahr 770 wurde der Fluss mit „Clana“ bezeichnet (...)".</ref> | | ''Glonn'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Delvunda]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Delvenau'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Deya]]<ref name="Deya">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyach_(Neckar)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Auch in älteren Berichten findet sich die Bezeichnung „Deya“, so in der Topographia Sueviae von Matthäus Merian von 1643/1656 (...)".</ref> | | ''Eyach'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hisne]]<ref name="Hisne">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ise_(Aller)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals wird die Ise im Jahr 786 (''in ortum Hisne'') urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Ise'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hollerbacum (Morre)|Hollerbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hollerbach'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Morre (Billbach)|Morre]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Mosacus (Isara)|Mosacus]]<ref name=Gr/> | Mosa<ref name=Gr/> | ''Moosach'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Nemaninga]]<ref name="Mümling"/> | Mimilingum<ref name="Mümling"/> seu Mimelinga<ref name="Mümling"/> seu Mimininga<ref name="Mümling"/> seu Mimelingen<ref name="Mümling"/> seu Minimingaha<ref name="Mümling"/> | ''Mümling'' seu ''Mömling'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nethe (Visurgis)|Nethe]] | | ''Nethe'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Nieplitz]] | | ''Nieplitz'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Nuthe]]<ref name="Nuthe"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Riussaia]]<ref name="Riussaia">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riousiaoua#Etymologisches "Riousiaoua"] apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam, ubi dicitur "(...) Albrecht Greule setzt den Namen mit dem Flussnamen Riß gleich, der in den ältesten Erwähnungen als ''Riussaiam'' (anno 1293) erscheint. (...)".</ref> | | ''Riß'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Salzaha (Rhenus)|Salzaha Rheni]]<ref name="Saalbach Salzaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saalbach_(Rhein)#Namen_und_Definitionen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Im Lorscher Codex wird das Gewässer 769 ''fluvius Salzaha'' genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Saalbach'' seu ''Salbach'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Urdefa (flumen)|Urdefa]]<ref name="Urdefa">Vide [http://www.lateinboard.de/topic,4345,-uebersetzung-von-latein-in-deutsch-einer-schenkungsurkunde-vo.html ''Übersetzung von latein in deutsch einer Schenkungsurkunde vo''], ubi dicitur "(...) usque ad locum ubi Urdefa (der Fluss Urft; derVerfasser) cadit (...)".</ref> | | ''Urft'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ursna]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | Orsna<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Ahse'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Volme]] | | ''Volme'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Zenna (flumen)|Zenna]]<ref name="Zenna">Nomen homonymo ex oppidulo apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=224&cq=Novigrad%20%E2%9D%ACIstrien%E2%9D%AD%20=%20Cittanova%20d%27Istria&lang=de Bavarikon].</ref> | | ''Zenn'' | align="right" | 50 | [[Radiantia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |} ===Flumina inter 49 et 40 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 49 et 40 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Ersene]]<ref name="Ersene">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aue_und_Erse#Geschichte articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die Erse wird 1335 zum ersten Mal schriftlich genannt (''in fluvio Ersene'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Aue'' seu ''Erse'' | align="right" | 49 | [[Fuhse]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Erubris]]<ref name="Erubris">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruwer articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die '''Ruwer''' (lat.: ''Erubris, Rubora'') (...)".</ref> | Rubora<ref name="Erubris"/> | ''Ruwer'' | align="right" | 49 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gennach (flumen)|Gennach]] | | ''Gennach'' | align="right" | 49 | [[Wertaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Hamma (flumen)|Hamma]]<ref name="Hamma">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamme_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 1331 (a flumine Hamma) erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Hamme'' | align="right" | 49 | [[Lesmonia]]<ref name="Lesum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Mohelnice]]<ref name="Mohelnice">Vide [https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/projekty/ahisto/portal/book/1244?lpage=84&search=mohelnice Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Regni Bohemiae], ubi dicitur "(...) Fortasse Žadlovice apud Loštice, a Mohelnice (Müglitz) meridiem versus (...)".</ref> | Müglitz<ref name="Mohelnice"/> | ''Müglitz'' | align="right" | 49 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Nigra Aqua (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Nigra Aqua Muldae]]<ref name="Nigra Aqua">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur "Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)".</ref> | |''Schwarzwasser'' | align="right" | 49 | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Sülz (flumen)|Sülz]] | | ''Sülz'' | align="right" | 49 | [[Agger (flumen)|Agger]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Uchte]] | |''Uchte'' | align="right" | 49 | [[Alanda (fluvius)|Alanda]]<ref name="Riedel 1841">Riedel, A. F. (1841). ''Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis: Sammlung der Urkunden, Chroniken und sonstigen Quellenschriften für die Geschichte der Mark Brandenburg und ihrer Regenten'' (Haupttheil I, Band 1). F. H. Morin.</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ussbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Üßbach'' seu ''Ueßbach'' seu ''Üssbach'' | align="right" | 49 | [[Alf (flumen)|Alf]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bilerna]]<ref name="Bühler">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BChler_(Fluss)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die Bühler wird 1024 als ''Bilerna'' erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)".</ref> | |''Bühler'' | align="right" | 48 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dreisima]]<ref name="Dreisima">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreisam#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die ersten urkundlichen Erwähnungen sind von 864 (''Dreisima'') und 1008 (''Treisama'') (...)".</ref> | Treisama<ref name="Dreisima"/> |''Dreisam'' | align="right" | 48 | [[Helzaha]]<ref name="Helzaha"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gugelitz]]<ref name="Gugelitz">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4glitz_(Prignitz)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Der schriftliche Erstbeleg stammt aus dem Jahr 1259 (''aquam … Gugelitz'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Jäglitz'' | align="right" | 48 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Karthana]]<ref name="Karthana">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karthane#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wird der Fluss im Jahr 1274 (''supra karthanam'') (...)".</ref> | |''Karthane'' | align="right" | 48 | [[Stepenitz (Albis)|Stepenitz Albis]]<ref name="Stepenitz"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ruma (Layna)|Ruma]]<ref name="Ruma">Vide [https://www.cloeser.org/gewaesser/Gewaesser_Harz_0.8.pdf cloeser.org], ubi dicitur "(...) die Ausgangsform ist aufgrund des erst ab dem 12. Jahrhundert in Form von „Ruma“ urkundlich überlieferten Namens nicht bestimmbar (...)".</ref> | |''Rhume'' | align="right" | 48 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Stregus]]<ref name="Stregus">Vide [https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Striegis Victionarium Theodiscum], ubi dicitur "(...) Herkunft: (über Stregus, Striguz (...)".</ref> | Striguz<ref name="Stregus"/> |''Große Striegis'' seu ''Striegis'' | align="right" | 48 | [[Mulda Fribergensis]]<ref name="MF"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Eberbach|Eberbach Radiantiae]]<ref name="Eberbach">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Rauhe Ebrach, l.z. Regnitz (z. Main), 1297 gegen die Ebrach; Eberbach (indirekt z. Unteren Murg z. Rhein), 1355 ripa Eberbach (...)".</ref> | |''Rauhe Ebrach'' | align="right" | 47 | [[Radiantia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gliniza]]<ref name="Gliniza">Confer [https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-d&sca_esv=43a98bb4673fd18f&sca_upv=1&sxsrf=ADLYWIIODv_ebdbY2kK1Pfejy7VR1TeitQ:1726352083389&q=%22Glinizam%22+Glems&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwib8b_VusOIAxWBQPEDHRUMCUoQ5t4CegQIGxAB&biw=1280&bih=587&dpr=1.5 hos exitūs] e [[Google|Gugulā]], ubi dicitur "(...) usque in Glinizam locum,. 1172 (Kopie 19. Jh ... Glems, die r.z. Enz (z. Neckar z. Rhein) ... der Glems, GauN. 769 (Kopie 12. Jh.) Glemisgouwe (...)".</ref> | | ''Glems'' | align="right" | 47 | [[Enze]]<ref name="Enze"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Holtemna]]<ref name="Holtemna">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holtemme#Etymologie articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) In den mittelalterlichen Urkunden wurde der Fluss ''Holtemna'' (ca. 1050, 1184), ''Holtempna'' (ca. 1150, 1230, 1241, 1277), ''Holtemne'' (1373, 1378) (...)".</ref> | Holtempna<ref name="Holtemna"/> seu Holtemne<ref name="Holtemna"/> |''Holtemme'' | align="right" | 47 | [[Boda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Nigra Aqua Hoyerswerdensis]]<ref name="Nigra Aqua Hoyerswerdendis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui substantivo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur "Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)"; cui autem adiectivo, confer [https://archive.org/stream/aeltereuniversi00friegoog/aeltereuniversi00friegoog_djvu.txt Aeltere universitäts matrikeln], ubi dicitur "(...) Martinas Sacreiz Hoyerswerdensis Lasatas (...)".</ref> | |''Hoyerswerdaer Schwarzwasser'' | align="right" | 47 | [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]<ref name="Elstra Nigra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Villa (flumen)|Villa]]<ref name="Villa">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weil_(Lahn)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name Weil ist wahrscheinlich vom lateinischen Wort ''villa'' (= Dorf) abgeleite (...)".</ref> | |''Weil'' | align="right" | 47 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aa Steinfurtensis]]<ref name="Aa Stein">Fingitur hoc nomen ex nomine fluminum Westphaliensium "Aa" apud {{Lexicon Universale}} et ex adiectivo derivato a toponymo "Steinfurtum" apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Steinfurter Aa'' | align="right" | 46 | [[Vidrus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Lacus Yssel]] |- | [[Brienna (flumen)|Brienna]]<ref name="Brienna">Vide [https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/31392/1/Katalog%20der%20romanischen%20Ortsnamen%20in%20Bayern.pdf Katalog der romanischen Ortsnamen in Bayern], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Prien''' am Chiemsee (Lkr. Rosenheim), Flussname ca.1130-ca.1150 ''iuxta Briennam riuolum'' < kelt. *''Brigesnā'' ‘Bergbach’. (...)".</ref> | |''Prien'' | align="right" | 46 | [[Lacus Chiemensis]]<ref name="Chiemensis"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Hassenbeck]]<ref name="Hassenbeck">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenne#Geschichte_und_Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name „Haustenbach“ findet sich bereits als ''Hassenbeck flu.'' auf einer um 1620 entstandenen Karte des Kartographen Johannes Gigas (...)".</ref> | | ''Glenne'' seu ''Haustenbach'' | align="right" | 46 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Pregin]]<ref name="Pregin">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breg#Namensherkunft articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die Breg wurde erstmals 1152/86 in einer lateinischen Quelle (''apud pregin'' „bei der Breg“) erwähnt, 1234 dann als „Brega“ (...)".</ref> | Brega<ref name="Pregin"/> | ''Breg'' | align="right" | 46 | [[Brichena]]<ref name="Brigach">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigach#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Der Fluss wird 1084 erstmals urkundlich genannt (''ab fontibus Brichena'') (...)".</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Redniz]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | Radantia<ref name="Radantia">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rednitz#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) In schriftlichen Quellen erschien der Fluss erstmals im 8. Jahrhundert mit der lateinischen Bezeichnung ''Radantia''. Im 11. Jahrhundert wurde der Name des Flusses als ''Ratenza'' bezeichne (...)".</ref> seu Ratenza<ref name="Radantia"/> |''Rednitz'' | align="right" | 46 | [[Radiantia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sualmus]]<ref name="Sualmus">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20240406062517/https://s852e6eb4f35541c9.jimcontent.com/ Nederlandse waternamen deel 1], ubi dicitur "(...) De Limburgse ''Zwalm'' is een zijrivier van de Mass, (...) welk dorp reeds in de 12de eeuw vermeld wordt als ''de Sualmo'' (...) a. 1238 als ''Salmen'' (...)".</ref> | Sualmum<ref name="Sualmus"/> seu Salmen<ref name="Sualmus"/> | ''Schwalm'' | align="right" | 46 | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bigge]]<ref name="Bigge">Vide [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_XpMOAAAAYAAJ_2/bub_gb_XpMOAAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt Quellen der westfälischen geschichte], ubi dicitur "(...) Ante portam in ipso flumine Bigge (...)".</ref> | | ''Bigge'' | align="right" | 45 | [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]<ref name="Lena"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bröl]] | | ''Bröl'' seu ''Brölbach'' seu ''Homburgische Bröl'' | align="right" | 45 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Delme (flumen)|Delme]] | | ''Delme'' | align="right" | 45 | [[Othmunda]]<ref name="Ochtum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hurwinaffa]]<ref name="Horloff">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horloff#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name Horloff leitet sich von althd. mit der Bedeutung horawin = sumpfig her. Weitere Namensformen sind „Hurwinaffa“ im 8. Jahrhundert und „Hurlyphe“ (1263).[4] Der Bestandteil -off gehört zur -apa-Namensgruppe. Alternative Etymologien gehen aufgrund der Nennungen wie „Hurnufa“ (951) oder „Hornipha“ (1183) (...)".</ref> | Hurlyphe,<ref name="Horloff"/> Hurnufa,<ref name="Horloff"/> Hornipha<ref name="Horloff"/> | ''Horloff'' | align="right" | 45 | [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]<ref name="Nida Moeni"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kirnitzsch]] | | ''Kirnitzsch'' seu ''Kirnischt'' | align="right" | 45 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Malxe]] | | ''Malxe'' | align="right" | 45 | [[Nissa (flumen)|Nissa]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ach (Ambra)|Ach Ambrae]] | | ''Ach'' seu ''Bärenbach'' seu ''Gitzenbach'' seu ''Glötzenbach'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Alba (Rhenus Altus)|Alba Altorhenana]]<ref name="Alba Altorhenana">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Albā Rheni Superioris. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Alb, die''' – 1Alb, Obere~, r.z. Rhein (...) 983 ''ortus Albae,'' 1018 ''Alba'', 1065 ''influit Albam, ad ortum Albae, Alba'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Alb'' seu ''Hauensteiner Alb'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bega (Wachna)|Bega]] | | ''Bega'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Wachna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Fossa Nigra (Albis)|Fossa Nigra Albis]]<ref name="Fossa Nigra Albis">Substantivum "Fossa-ae" Theodiscam vocem ''Graben'' et adiectivum Latinum "niger nigra nigrum" Theodiscum ''Schwarzer'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Schwarzer Graben'' seu ''Schwarzer Bach'' seu ''Weinske'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Holzbacum (Wida)|Holzbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Holzbach'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Wida (flumen)|Wida Rheni]]<ref name="Wida"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lapara alba|Lapara Alba]]<ref name="Lapara"/> | | ''Weiße Laber'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Alcmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Laz (flumen)|Laz]]<ref name="Laz">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossa_(Unstrut)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ''Lossa'' wird 1140 als ''Laz'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Im Mittelhochdeutschen bedeutet ''laz'' 'lasch, trage'. Der Name ist daher als „das träge Gewässer“ zu deute (...)".</ref><ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Lazses<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Lazs<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Laze<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Lossa'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Mutdaha|Můtdaha]]<ref name="Mutdaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modau#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wird die Modua 804 („iuxta fluvium Můtdaha“) (...)".</ref> | Modua<ref name="Mutdaha"/> | ''Modau'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rotton]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Rotonus<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Rotonum<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Rotono<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Rothemun<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu | ''Rottum'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Westernach]] | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Sura (Salzaha)|Sura Salzahae]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Sur'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Salzaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Wiza]]<ref name="Wiza">Vide [https://www.persee.fr/doc/onoma_0755-7752_2010_num_52_1_1535 Les hydronymes paléoeuropéens et la question de l'origine des Celtes], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Wiesbach''-> Nahe (XII^e siècle ''Wiza'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Wiesbach'' | align="right" | 44 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aa (Monasterium)|Aa Monasteriensis]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | | ''Münstersche Aa'' | align="right" | 43 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ilisina]]<ref name="Ilisina">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilse_(Oker)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals wird der Fluss im Jahr 1108 (Ilisina) urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Ilse'' | align="right" | 43 | [[Ovacra]]<ref name="Ovacra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lune (Visurgis)|Lune]] | | ''Lune'' | align="right" | 43 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Netha|Netha Indistrae]]<ref name="Netha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nette_(Innerste)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) 1149 wurde der Fluss als „iuxta Netham“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Nette'' | align="right" | 43 | [[Indistra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Primma]]<ref name="Primma">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Pfrimm, die l.z. Rhein (...) super fluvium Primma (...)".</ref> | | ''Pfrimm'' | align="right" | 43 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivulus Niger Ginsheimensis Rhenanus]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger"/> | | ''Schwarzbach'' | align="right" | 43 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Starzel (Nicer)|Starzel Niceri]]<ref name="Starzel Niceri">Vide [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_PLE_AAAAYAAJ/bub_gb_PLE_AAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt], ubi dicitur "(...) ad sinistram ripam Starzel rivi (...)".</ref> | Starzell Niceri<ref name="Starzel Niceri"/> | ''Starzel'' | align="right" | 43 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Zuist]]<ref name="Zuist">Vide [https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Swist Victionarium Theodiscum], ubi dicitur "(...) Zuist (Anno 1180), Scuyst (Anno 1223), Zuist (Anno 1283), Zvist (...)".</ref> | Scuyst<ref name="Zuist"/> seu Zvist<ref name="Zuist"/> | ''Swist'' seu ''Swistbach'' | align="right" | 43 | [[Arnefa]]<ref name="Arnefa"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Augraben (Tollense)|Augraben Tollensense]]<ref name="Augraben Tollensense">Vide [https://documente.bcucluj.ro/web/bibdigit/fg/BCUCLUJ_FG_115352_1907_004.pdf Ente Istorice], ubi dicitur "(...) in rivulum, qui dicitur Augraben, et in rivulo (...)".</ref> | | ''Augraben'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Tollense]]<ref name="Tollense"/> | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Breitaha|Breitaha Cocherae]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Brettach'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ennepe]]<ref name="Ennepe">Vide [https://www.gevelsberg.de/media/custom/3061_1280_1.PDF?1571846512 Gevelsberger Geschichte(n)], ubi dicitur "(...) iuxta flumen quod Ennepe dicitur (...)".</ref> | | ''Ennepe'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Volme]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fedarhaun (Alba)|Fedarhaun Albae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Federbach'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Alba (Rhenus superior)|Alba Rheni Superioris]]<ref name="Alba"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Feldaha (Weraha)|Feldaha]]<ref name="Feldaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felda_(Werra)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Im Erstbeleg im Jahr 786 wird der Fluss ''Feldaha'' genanntt (...)".</ref> | | ''Felda'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Weraha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Geeste (flumen)|Geeste]]<ref name="Geeste">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) ultra flumen Geeste (...)".</ref> | | ''Geeste'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Klosterbacum (Othmunda)|Klosterbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Klosterbach'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Othmunda]]<ref name="Ochtum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Linde (Tollense)|Linde]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Linne<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Linde'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Tollense]]<ref name="Tollense"/> | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lutra (Danubius)|Lutra Danubii]]<ref name="Lutra">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Rhenano. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Lauter'' seu ''Große Lauter'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Naba Pinifera]]<ref name="Naba Pinifera">Fingitur hoc nomen e flumine Nabā (cui vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naab#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die frühesten Belege sind ''Nabas'' (700), ''Napa'' (885), ''Naba'' (885), ''Nabe'' (1199) und ''Nab'' (1245), (...)") et versione adiectivo praeposito ''Fichtel-'' -ad [[Montes Piniferi|Montes Piniferos]] (Theodisce ''Fichtelgebirge''), secundum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichtelnaab#Name articulum hoc de flumini apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], referente-.</ref> | | ''Fichtelnaab'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Naba silvatica|Naba Silvatica]]<ref name="Naba silvatica"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Piparodi]]<ref name="Piparodi">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibert#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 810 („duo flumina … Piparodi“) erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Das altbairische ''Pipar-odi'' bedeutet „Einöde, in der sich Biber aufhalten“ (...)".</ref> | | ''Bibert'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Redniz]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sevina]]<ref name="Sevina">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20240916021033/https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/36682 FOLIA ONOMASTICA CROATICA 12–13 (2003–2004)], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Seeve'' bei Hamburg, 1202 ''Sevinam'', 1203 ''vsque Seuinam'', 13. Jh. ''per Sevenam'' (...)".</ref> | Sevena<ref name="Sevina"/> |''Seeve'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Streu (Sala Moeni)|Streu]]<ref name="Streu">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streu_(Fr%C3%A4nkische_Saale)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name Streu wurde im 8. Jahrhundert „Streuue“ und um das Jahr 1030 „Strouua“ geschrieben (...) Auf einer Landkarte von 1628 trägt der gesamte Flusslauf bis Gemünden den Namen „Straÿ Flu“ (Streu Flumen) (...)".</ref> | Strewe<ref name="Streu"/> seu Strowa<ref name="Streu"/> seu Straÿ<ref name="Streu"/> |''Streu'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]<ref name="Sala in pago"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Utrana (Michelsbacum)|Utrana]]<ref name="Utrana">Confer [https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-d&sca_esv=5f79ce677043d4b2&sca_upv=1&sxsrf=ADLYWILyBcSCkYpeCCX-0ZFbac7ATwZ9zQ:1726433592791&q=Otterbach+%22Utrana%22&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjD_Zqo6sWIAxXQ2gIHHXBaCYsQ5t4CegQIFRAB&biw=1280&bih=546&dpr=1.5 hunc exitum] e [[Google|Gugulā]], ubi dicitur "(...) Utrana 'Otterbach' (...)".</ref> | | ''Otterbach'' | align="right" | 42 | [[Michelsbacum (Rhenus)|Michelsbacum Rheni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Chessel]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Kessel'' | align="right" | 41 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Elbbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Elbbach'' | align="right" | 41 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fluvius Sanctus (Germania et Cechia)|Fluvius Sanctus]]<ref name="Schöttgen & Kreysig 1755"/> | Zuata<ref name="Zuata"/> seu Zvatowa<ref name="Zuata">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwota_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals wird das Gewässer als ''Zvatowa'' in der Weiheurkunde der Plauener St. Johanniskirche von 1122 erwähnt, darin ist sie Teil der Grenze des zugehörigen Kirchsprengels, des Dobnagaus, und damit gleichzeitig Südgrenze des Bistums Naumburg.[7][8] Ebenso wird die Zwota als ''Zuata'' in den Grenzbeschreibungen des Schönbacher Ländchens von 1181 und 1185 erwähn (...)".</ref> | ''Zwota'' seu ''Zwodau'' seu ''Zwotau'' | align="right" | 41 | [[Agara]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Mesna]]<ref name="Mesna">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mei%C3%9Fe#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Hydronym ist in einer lateinischen Urkunde von 1296 als mesnam erstmals verschriftlicht worden (...)".</ref> | | ''Meiße'' | align="right" | 41 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Pene (flumen)|Pene]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Ostpeene'' | align="right" | 41 | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Pinnavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Pinnau'' | align="right" | 41 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Sulzach]]<ref name="Sulzach">Vide [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_wRssAAAAYAAJ/bub_gb_wRssAAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt Archiv des Historischen Vereins von Unterfranken und Aschaffenburg], ubi dicitur "(...) quidquid ex una parte fluvii Sulzach situm existit de pratis (...)".</ref> | | ''Sulzach'' | align="right" | 41 | [[Werenza]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Apula (fluvius)|Apula]]<ref name="Apula">Vide [https://www.gutenberg.org/files/35900/35900-h/35900-h.htm], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Germany''. Apula, 9th cent. The Appel(bach). (...)".</ref> | | ''Appelbach'' seu ''Appel'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aschaha]]<ref name="Aschaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascha_(Schwarzach)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Ascha (ursprünglich: Aschaha, dann: Aschach) (...)".</ref> | Aschach<ref name="Aschaha"/> | ''Ascha'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Swarza]]<ref name="Swarza"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Atulla]]<ref name="Attel">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attel#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Dorf Attel wurde bereits 806 als ''Atulla'' urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Attel'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Biverna (Amisia)|Biverna Amisiae]]<ref name="Biverna">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Beverna Amisiae<ref name="Biverna"/> | ''Bever'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Brichena]]<ref name="Brigach"/> | | ''Brigach'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dune (Wippera)|Důne]]<ref name="Dune">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dh%C3%BCnn_(Wupper)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name (1295 ''Důne'') leitet sich vom ahd. Wort ''tuni'' für 'Dröhnen, Getöse' ab. Entsprechend war die ursprüngliche Bedeutung 'wo das Wasser tost' (...)".</ref> | | ''Dhünn'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Wippera]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ehle]] | | ''Ehle'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Eitraha]]<ref name="Eitraha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitrach_(Iller)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss tritt erstmals im Jahr 838 als ''Eitraha'' schriftlich in Erscheinung, (...)".</ref> | | ''Aitrach'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]<ref name="Hilaria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Erphe]]<ref name="Erphe">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erf_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der schriftliche Erstbeleg der Erf fand 1234 als Erphe statt (...)".</ref> | | ''Erfa'' seu ''Erf'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fluvius Nudus]]<ref name="Schöttgen & Kreysig 1755">Schöttgen, C., & Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et scriptores historiae Germanicae medii aevi''. Altenburgi: Richter.</ref> | Golz<ref name="Golz">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6ltzsch#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name des Gewässers trat erstmals 1122 als „ad aquam Golz“ (...)".</ref> | ''Göltzsch'' seu ''Göltsch'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Gelbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Gelbach'' seu ''Gelber Bach'' seu ''Gehlbach'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hemisa]]<ref name="Hemisa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emsbach_(Lahn,_Limburg)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ersten schriftlichen Erwähnungen nennen den Fluss ''Hemisa'' (Jahr 795) bzw. ''Emisa'' (805). (...)".</ref> | Emisa<ref name="Hemisa"/> | ''Emsbach'' seu ''Ems'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hessel]] | |''Hessel'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Mandavia]]<ref name="Mandavia">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandau#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Damals gab es auch einen Zittauer Stadtteil Mandow und eine porta Mandauie = Mandau-Pforte (...)".</ref><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Mandau'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Nissa Lusatianus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Motel (Schilde)|Motel]] | |''Motel'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Schilde (Scalen)|Schilde]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Neffelbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Neffelbach'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Arnefa]]<ref name="Arnefa"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Scalen]]<ref name="Scalen">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaale#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Schaale wird in einer Urkunde von 1279 als ''Scalen'' erwähnt. (...)".</ref> | |''Schaale'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Zuda (flumen)|Zuda]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Schilde (Scalen)|Schilde]] | |''Schilde'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Scalen]]<ref name="Scalen"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Stederavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Stederau'' seu ''Bokeler Bach'' seu ''Röhrser Bach'' seu ''Aue'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Tuistina (Dimel)|Tuistina Dimelensis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref><ref name="Twista Dimelensis">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Arlau (...) prope Twistam (...) Tuistai, (963–1037, Kopie 15. Jh.) (...) Tuistina (...) in Tuista, 1127 in Tviste, 1235 (Kopie) de Twiste, 1240 HG.A.14, S. 419. (Kopie 14./15. Jh.) de Tuiste, 1251 in Thuiste, de Thuiste, 1257 de Twiste (und weitere Belege), 1310 in Twer- ¢ quer-. Duiste, (um 1350) prope tuisten (...)".</ref> | Twista Dimelensis seu Tuistai Dimelenses seu Tuista Dimelensis seu Twiste Dimelense seu Tuiste Dimelense seu Thuiste Dimelense seu Tuisten Dimelense |''Twiste'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Dimel]]<ref name="Dimel"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Tussale]]<ref name="Tussale">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCssel#Etymologie articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Um 1065 wird der Bach als ''Tussale'' (die Brausende, Rauschende, Tosende) bezeichnet (...)".</ref> | |''Düssel'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wipfra (flumen)|Wipfra]] | |''Wipfra'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Hiera]]<ref name="Hiera"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Wirma|Wirma Ambrae]]<ref name="Wirma">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%BCrm_(Amper)#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name Streu wurde im 8. Jahrhundert „Streuue“ und um das Jahr 1030 „Strouua“ geschrieben (...) Der Flussname Würm ist erstmals bezeugt als Uuirma im Jahre 772 und später als Wirmiseo ‚Würmsee‘ (910), Vuirama (956/957), Wirmina (1056), (...)".</ref> | Wirama<ref name="Wirma"/> seu Wirmina<ref name="Wirma"/> |''Würm'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Zurrega (flumen)|Zurrega]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Zorga<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Zorge<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Zorge'' | align="right" | 40 | [[Helmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |} ===Flumina inter 39 et 35 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 39 et 35 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Aitra (Danubius)|Aitra Danubii]]<ref name="Aitra">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Aiterach'' seu ''Aitrach'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Andrefa]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Antrafa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Antrefa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Antreffa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Antrift'' seu ''Antreff'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Sualmanaha]]<ref name="Sualmanaha"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Eckbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Eckbach'' seu ''Leinbach'' seu ''Neugraben'' seu ''Leininger Graben'' seu ''Eck'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Elantia]]<ref name="Elantia">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elz_(Neckar)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die römische Auxiliareinheit „Numerus Brittonum Elantiensium“ beinhaltet die erste belegte Nennung des Namens Elz (...)".</ref> | | ''Elz'' seu ''Elzbach'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lutra (Glanis)|Lutra Glanensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | Ludra,<ref name=Gr/> Luterata,<ref name=Gr/> Hlutraha,<ref name=Gr/> Hlutra<ref name=Gr/> |''Lauter'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]<ref name="Glan Navae"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Mittelradde]] | | ''Mittelradde'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Hassa]]<ref name="Hassa"/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Nuthe (Albis)|Nuthe Albis]] | |''Nuthe'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Owe Bocense]]<ref name="Owe Bocense">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" et adiectivo "Bocensis-e". De hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur "(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)". De adiectivo "Bocensis-e", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Audan Bocense<ref name="Owe Bocense"/> |''Bückeburger Aue'' seu ''Aue'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rotbacum (Arnefa)|Rotbacum Arnefae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Rotbach'' seu ''Nöthener Siefen'' seu ''Schliebach'' seu ''Mühlenbach'' seu ''Bruchbach'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Arnefa]]<ref name="Arnefa"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schwartavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Szwartowe<ref name="Szwartowe">Vide [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_2TwOAAAAQAAJ Codex diplomaticus Lubecensis], ubi dicitur "(...) quoque in szwartowe a nobis (...)".</ref><ref name="Szw">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwartauhoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam]{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung findet sich in einer Urkunde des dänischen Königs Waldemar aus dem Jahr 1215 (''szwartowe'') (...)".</ref> |''Schwartau'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Zwonitium (flumen)|Zwonitium]]<ref name="Mencke 1728">Mencke, J. B. (1728). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum, in quibus scriptores aliquot rariotes nusquam adhuc editi''. [[Lipsia]]e: E. Martini; et: Mencke, J. B. (1728). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum'' (Tomus I). Lipsiae: Ioannes Christianus Martinus; et: Mencke, J. B. (1728). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum'' (Vol. 2). Sumptibus Ioannis Christiani Martini.</ref> | |''Zwönitz'' seu ''Zwönitzbach'' | align="right" | 39 | [[Caminizi rivus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Aach Stockense]]<ref name="ASto">Gentilicium "Stockense" ad [[Stockach|Stockam]] refertur.</ref> | | ''Stockacher Aach'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Angel (flumen)|Angel]] | | ''Angel'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Werse]]<ref name="Werse"/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Bobritzsch (flumen)|Bobritzsch]] | | ''Bobritzsch'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Mulda Fribergensis]]<ref name="MF"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Chira (fluvius)|Chira]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> | Kira<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> |''Hahnenbach'' seu ''Meinbach'' seu ''Altbach'' seu ''Idarbach'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Clingbacus (Michelsbacum)|Clingbacus]]<ref name="Kremer 1769">Kremer, C. J. (1769). ''Origines Naborenses sive documenta ad illustrandam historiam palatinam''. Ex Typographia Electorali.</ref> | Klingbacus<ref name="Kremer 1769"/> seu Clingbach<ref name="AETP III 1775">Academia Electoralis Theodoro-Palatina. (1775). Historia et commentationes Academiae electoralis scientiarum et elegantiorum literarum Theodoro-Palatinae: Tomus III. Typis Academicis.</ref> seu Klingbach<ref name="AETP III 1775"/> |'' Klingbach'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Michelsbacum (Rhenus)|Michelsbacum Rheni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ephisa]]<ref name="Codex diplomaticus Fuldensis">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.). (1844). ''Codex diplomaticus Fuldensis''. Theodor Fischer. </ref> | [[Effese]]<ref name="Effese">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efze#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Im Mittelalter wurde die Efze als Effese bezeichne (...)".</ref><ref name="Effese2">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) 240 Effese, 1250 ad fluvium … Effese (...)".</ref> |''Efze'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Sualmanaha]]<ref name="Sualmanaha"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Eschach (Nicer)|Eschach Niceri]] | |''Eschach'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Glatta (Rhenus)|Glatta Rheni]]<ref name="Glatta">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo Helvetico apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Glatt'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Großer Dieckfluss]] | |''Großer Dieckfluss'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Owe Magnum]]<ref name="Owe Magnum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Isina]]<ref name="Isina">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisbach_(Rhein)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals schriftlich erwähnt wurde die Eis in einer Urkunde des Lorscher Codex aus dem Jahre 766, wo sie ''Isina'' heißt (...)".</ref> | |''Eisbach'' seu ''Eis'' seu ''Altbach'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lachte]] | |''Lachte'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Leimbacum (Rhenus, Bruowele)|Leimbacum Rheni Bruowelense]]<ref name="-bacum"/><ref name="Bruowelense">Gentilicium "Bruowelense" ad oppidum [[Brühl (Badenia)|Bruowele]] refertur.</ref> | | ''Leimbach'' seu ''Bettelbach'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Orcana]]<ref name="Orcana">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orke#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird 1486 als die Orcken erstmals schriftlich erwähnt. Die gleichnamigen Orte Nieder- bzw. Oberorke erscheinen in den schriftlichen Aufzeichnungen schon im Jahr 1016 als Orcana. Die Deutung des Namens ist unsicher (...)".</ref> | | ''Orke'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Regana Alba]]<ref name="Regana Alba">Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regen_(river)#Etymology hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur " The Romans called the river variously ''Regana'' (feminine gender), ''Reganus'' (masculine), and ''Reganum'' (neuter)". Adiectivum Latinum "albus-a-um" Theodiscum ''Weißer'' vertit.</ref> | Reganus Albus<ref name="Regana Alba"/> seu Reganum Album<ref name="Regana Alba"/> | ''Weißer Regen'' seu ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Regana]]<ref name="Regana"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Russella|Russella Saravi]]<ref name=Gr/> | Musella Saravi<ref name=Gr/> seu Roussella<ref name="Rousella">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossel_(Saar)#Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Ältere Namen des Flusses sind Roussella (1268), Russella, Rusella (1544) (...)".</ref> seu Rusella |''Rossel'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Saravus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sosa (flumen)|Sosa]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Söse'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Ruma (Layna)|Ruma]]<ref name="Ruma"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Vechne]] | |''Vehne'' | align="right" | 38 | [[Owe (Lacus Zwischenahnensis)|Owe Zwischenahnense]]<ref name="Owe de Bad Zwischenahn">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan". De hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur "(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)". Adiectivum "Zwischenahnense" homonymum ad lacum [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses|Aquas Zwischenahnenses]] attingentem refert.</ref> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ad Lunam]]<ref name="Ad Lunam">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) In der Römerzeit wurde ein Kastell nach dem Fluss benannt („Ad Lunam“) (...)".</ref> | |''Lone'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Hurwin]]<ref name="Hürbe">Vide [https://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/bitstream/11682/5853/1/Uni_63.pdf Ortsnamenforschung in Südwestdeutschland], ubi dicitur "(...) Hürbe, z. Brenz z. Donau, 1171 ''de Hurwin'' (...)".</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Agira (Werenza)|Agira Werenzae]]<ref name="Agira">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eger_(W%C3%B6rnitz)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung findet die Eger im Jahr 760 als ''Agira'' (...)".</ref> | |''Eger'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Werenza]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]<ref name="Arle">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Arlau (...) 218 silva que iuncta est Arle (...)".</ref> | |''Arlau'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Mare Germanicum]] | [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]<ref name="Arle"/> |- | [[Berste]] | |''Berste'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Bibara (Danubius)|Bibara]]<ref name="Bibara Danubii">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://search.ortsnamen.ch/de/record/5029908 ortsnamen.ch], ubi dicitur "(...) et inde sinistrorsum per plateam usque Rammesheim in fluvium Bibara (...)".</ref> | Bibera<ref name="Bibera Danubii">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymis e fluviis. De quorum ultimorum nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Biber&f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''] (...)".</ref> seu Biberaha<ref name="Bibera Danubii"/> |''Biber'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Caminizi rivus]]<ref name=Gr/> | |'' Chemnitz'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Glotyr]]<ref name="Glotyr">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) n valle Glotern, 1297 vallem Glotyri, (...)".</ref> | Glotyrus<ref name="Glotyr"/> seu Glotyrum<ref name="Glotyr"/> seu Glotern<ref name="Glotyr"/> | ''Glotter'' seu ''Glotterbach'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Dreisima]]<ref name="Dreisima"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lethe (Hunta)|Lethe]] | | ''Lethe'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Hunta]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Nuhne]] | |''Nuhne'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Raodhaha|Raodhaha Cocherae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch">Vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Oberrot&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch], auctore Alberto Greule.</ref> | Rotaha Cocherae<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Rota<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Fichtenberger Rot'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Seemenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Seemenbach'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Nidder]]<ref name="Nidder"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Selbitz]] | |''Selbitz'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Tribisa]]<ref name=Gr/> | |''Triebisch'' | align="right" | 37 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ach Cassiliacense]]<ref name="Cassiliacum">Gentilicium "Cassiliacensis-e" ad urbem Cassiliacum refertur. Huic Latino toponymo, vide [articulum huius urbis apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste Besiedlung bereits in der Steinzeit ist durch Funde an der Iller bei Ferthofen belegt.^[7] Erste Baufunde stammen aus der Römerzeit. Vermutlich befand sich dort ein kleiner Wacht- und Siedlungsposten. Hierfür kommen zwei Namen, ''Cassiliacum''^[8] oder ''Viaca'' (...)".</ref> | |''Memminger Ach'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]<ref name="Hilaria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Angere (Rhenus)|Angere Rheni]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Angeren Rheni<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Angera Rheni<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Anger Rheni<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Angero Rheni<ref name="Angero">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anger_(Rhein)#Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die früheste bekannte urkundliche Erwähnung unter dem Namen ''Angero'' stammt aus dem Jahr 875 (...)".</ref> |''Angerbach'' seu ''Anger'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Drahonum]]<ref name="Drahonum">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhron#Namehoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ersten schriftlichen Nennungen sind: Drahonum (Ende 4. Jh.) Drona (752) Troganus (802) Drogana (949) (...)".</ref> | Drona<ref name="Drahonum"/> seu Troganus<ref name="Drahonum"/> seu Drogana<ref name="Drahonum"/> seu Trogona<ref name="Gudenus 1743">Gudenus, V. F. (1743). ''Codex diplomaticus: exhibens anecdota Moguntiaca, iura, provincias, et adiacentes regiones'' (Vol. 1). Typis Ioannis Baptistae.</ref> |''Dhron'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Isana (Rhenus)|Isana Rhenana]]<ref name=Gr/> | |''Isenach'' seu ''Morschbach'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Luder (flumen)|Luder]]<ref name="Luder">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCder_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 820 (''flumen … luder'') erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | |''Lüder'' seu ''Lüderbach'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Meisaha]]<ref name="Meisaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maisach_(Amper)#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Maisach, 853 erstmals erwähnt als ''Meisaha'', setzt sich zusammen aus althochdeutsch aha ‚Wasser, Wasserlauf, Fluss (...)".</ref> | |''Maisach'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Milize]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Militz<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Milizza<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Milze<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Milizi<ref name="Milizi">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | ''Milz'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]<ref name="Sala in pago"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nigra Aqua (Alara)|Nigra Aqua Alarae]]<ref name="Nigra Aqua Alarae">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui substantivo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur "Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)".</ref> | |''Schwarzwasser'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rivulus Molendinarius Fredersdorfensis]]<ref name="Mühlenfließ">Theodisca vox ''Mühlenfließ'' in Latinam "Rivulus Molendinarius" verti solet. V.gr. vide: Hoffmann, C. G., auctore (1734). ''Scriptores Rerum Lusaticarum''. Lipsiae & Budissae: David Richter.</ref> | | ''Fredersdorfer Mühlenfließ'' seu ''Senitz'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rubrum Bistrice]]<ref name="Rubrum Bistrice">Fingitur hoc hydronymum ex adiectivo "rubrum" (Theodisce ''Rote'') et nomine Latino "Bistrice". De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Zur_Geschichte_der_Besiedelung_der_Dresdner_Gegend Zur Geschichte der Besiedelung der Dresdner Gegend], ubi dicitur "Buistrizi ist der urkundliche, mit dem Flußnamen der Weißeritz (Wisteritz, 1206 flumen Bistrice, 1366 Wistricz) zusammenhängende Name des Burgwards (...)".</ref> | Rubrum Buistrizi<ref name="Rubrum Bistrice"/> seu Rubrum Wisteritz<ref name="Rubrum Bistrice"/> seu Rubrum Wistricz<ref name="Rubrum Bistrice"/> |''Rote Weißeritz'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Bistrice]]<ref name="Bistrice"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Steina (Vutahe)|Steina Vutahis]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Steina'' seu ''Steinach'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Vutahe]]<ref name="Vutahe"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Vilisa (Licus)|Vilisa Lici]]<ref name="Vilisa Lici">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Vilisā Danubii. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Vilsa<ref name="Vilisa Lici"/> seu Vilusa<ref name="Vilisa Lici"/> seu Filisa<ref name="Vilisa Lici"/> seu Filusa<ref name="Vilisa Lici"/> seu Filsa<ref name="Vilisa Lici"/> seu Philisa<ref name="Vilisa Lici"/> seu Vilosa<ref name="Vilisa Lici"/> seu Vilusa<ref name="Vilisa Lici"/> |''Vils'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Licus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Wehre (Weraha)|Wehre Werahae]] | |''Wehre'' seu ''Wohra'' | align="right" | 36 | [[Weraha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Bardia (flumen)|Bardia]]<ref name="Bardia">Vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=21&cq=d&lang=en bavarikon.de], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Bardia fluvius:''' Barthe, Fl. in Deutschland, Mü: Barther Bodden (...)".</ref> | |''Barthe'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Bodden Bardense]] | [[Bardia (flumen)|Bardia]] |- | [[Else]] | | ''Else'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Weraha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Glane (Amisia)|Glane]] | | ''Glane'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Buckavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Buckau'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Hasela]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Haselach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Haslach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Haßlach'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Radaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lutaraha]]<ref name="Lutaraha">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://www.yumpu.com/de/document/read/5481494/sankt-oswald-baunach-pfarrei-st-oswald-baunach ''Sankt Oswald Baunach''], ubi dicitur "(...) Eine erste geschichtliche Erwähnung unter dem Namen „Lutaraha“ fand man aus dem Jahr 853 (...)".</ref> | |''Lauterach'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Filisa (Naba)|Filisa Nabae]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Nibalgaunensis]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Nibalgavia<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Nibalcoge<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Nibulgauva<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Nibilgouwe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Eschach'' seu ''Niebel'' seu ''Nibel'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Aitra (Danubius)|Aitra Danubii]]<ref name="Aitra"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Orlah]]<ref name="Orlah">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orla#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird 1192 als Orlah erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Orla'' seu ''Orlah'' seu ''Orlau'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Scutara]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Scutura<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Schutter'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Sevena (Odera)|Sevena Oderae]]<ref name="Sevena">Vide [https://www.persee.fr/doc/onoma_0755-7752_2010_num_52_1_1535 Les hydronymes paléoeuropéens et la question de l'origine des Celtes], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Sieber,'' lieu et fleuve de la Harz, 1287 ''inter ... Oderam et Sevenam'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Sieber'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Odera (Ruma)|Odera Rumae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Thuite]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Dhute<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Düte'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Hassa]]<ref name="Hassa"/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wipperavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Wipperau'' | align="right" | 35 | [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |} ===Flumina inter 34 et 30 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 34 et 30 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Acarse]]<ref name="Acarse">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20240919231438/http://www.koeblergerhard.de/wikiling/index.php?f=lemmaFull&langType=reviews&lemmaID=3286 Köbler, Gerhard,as in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte, 2016], ubi dicitur "(...) Axtbach (M.) bzw. Beilerbach-Ems, 11. Jh., bei Beelen bei Warendorf, F1-60 AK (?) Acarse, Acarse Erh. Nr. 917 (um 1030) (...)".</ref> | | ''Axtbach'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Aphilste]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Apphilste<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Apphelste<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Apphilstede<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Aphelste<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Appelste<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Apfelstädt'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Hiera]]<ref name="Hiera"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Auma]] | | ''Auma'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Wyda (flumen)|Wyda]]<ref name="Wyda"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Erlenbacum (Michelsbacum)|Erlenbacum Michelsbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Erlenbach'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Michelsbacum (Rhenus)|Michelsbacum Rheni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Eymese]]<ref name="Eymese">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ems_(Eder)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1401 zum ersten Mal schriftlich erwähnt (''Eymese'') (...)".</ref> | |''Ems'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Glatta (Nicer)|Glatta Niceri]]<ref name="Glatta">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo Helvetico apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Glatt'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gotlavia]]<ref name="Gotlavia">Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_Gottleuba-Berggie%C3%9Fh%C3%BCbel#Gottleuba homonymo de oppido apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur "(...) Gottleuba was first mentioned in 1363 as ''Gotlavia'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Gottleuba'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Hotepe]]<ref name="Hotepe">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoppecke#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Am Erstbeleg des Ortes Hoppecke von 1113 als ''Hotepe'' wird ersichtlich (...)".</ref> | | ''Hoppecke'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Dimel]]<ref name="Dimel"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Moraha]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Můraha<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Murach'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Swarza]]<ref name="Swarza"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Radegast (Stepenitz)|Radegast]]<ref name="Radegast">Vide [https://mvdok.lbmv.de/mjbrenderer?id=mvdok_document_00002847 Die slavischen Ortsnamen in Meklenburg], ubi dicitur "(...) Radegast, Nebenfluß der Stepenitz, 1188, 1202 Radagost, 1255 aqua Radegast, 1258 fluuius Radegost, 1262 Rodogost, 1310 aqua Radagast, (...)".</ref> | Radagost seu Radegost seu Rodogost seu Radagast | ''Radegast'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Stepenitz (Trabena)|Stepenitz Trabenae]] | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Roda (Albis)|Roda]] | | ''Roda'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Schleuse]] | | ''Schleuse'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Weraha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Schlichem]] | | ''Schlichem'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Usa (Weteraha)|Usa]] | |''Usa'' seu ''Us'' seu ''Usbach'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Weteraha]]<ref name="Weteraha"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wara (Amana)|Wara]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Waraha<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Wohra'' | align="right" | 34 | [[Amana (flumen)|Amana]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Albis (Adrana)|Albis Adranae]]<ref name="Albis Adranae">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Elbe'' dicto. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Elbe'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Alina]]<ref name="Alina">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellebach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Ersterwähnung des Ortes Ellen als ''Alina'' lässt den ursprünglichen Namen erahnen (...)".</ref> | | ''Ellebach'' seu ''Ellbach'' seu ''Elle'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Antiquus Viadrus]]<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis ex hydronymo "Viadrus" et variationibus et adiectivo "antiquus-a-um". De hydronymo "Viadrus" vide {{Graesse}} aut [https://eshp.ijp.pan.pl/search/results/226313 Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski] (Polonice), ubi dicitur "Oddere, Odere, Oddera, Oddore 992 RudnickiNO 21-3". Adiectivo "antiquus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Alte" vertitur.</ref> | Antiquus Viadus<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiqua Odora<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiquus Oder<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiqua Odagra<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiqua Odara<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiqua Odra<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiqua Odrita<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiqua Adora<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiquus Suevus Flavius<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiqua Oddera<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiquum Oddere<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiquum Oddore<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> seu Antiquum Oddere<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> | ''Alte Oder'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Armissia]]<ref name="Armissia">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erms hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die '''Erms''' (lat. ''Armissia'') (...) Der Name der Erms geht zurück auf das römische ''Armis(s)a'' (...)".</ref> | Armisa seu Armissa | ''Erms'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Guldenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Guldenbach'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hache (flumen)|Hache]] | | ''Hache'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Othmunda]]<ref name="Ochtum">Vide [https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110338591.383/html?lang=en De Gruyter], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Ochtum, die''' (...) 1158 ''inter Othmundam'' (lies ''Ohtmundam'') ''et Wisaram'', 1171 ''usque in Ohtmundam'' (...)".</ref> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Heinbach]]<ref name="Heincbach">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainbach_(Woogbach)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''super fluvio Heinbach'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Hainbach'' seu ''Heimbach'' seu ''Wooggraben'' seu ''Krebsbächel'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Woogbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hostrahun (Danubius)|Hostrahun Danubii]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Ostraha<ref name="Ostraha">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | ''Ostrach'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Huhnerbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hühnerbach'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Gennach (flumen)|Gennach]] | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Hune]]<ref name="Hune">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6nne#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Um 1230 wird der Fluss als ''Hune'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Hönne'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ilmede]]<ref name="Ilmede">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilme#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ''Ilme'' wird im Jahr 1322 (''Ilmede'') erstmals schriftlich genann (...)".</ref> | | ''Ilme'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Liuzenaha]]<ref name="Liuzenaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leitzach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''usque in Liuzenaha'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Leitzach'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Manachfialta]]<ref name="Manachfialta"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Lukavica]]<ref name="Lukavica">Vide [https://pdfcoffee.com/ivo-vukcevic-rex-german-or-um-populos-sclavorum-pdf-free.html Ivo Vukcevic Rex Germanorum populos Sclavorum], ubi dicitur "(...) Lukavica— Longawitzi, 1074 (Loquitz) (...)".</ref> | Longawitzi | ''Loquitz'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Lure (flumen)|Lure]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Lauer'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]<ref name="Sala in pago"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nigra Pockavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Niger">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/niger?wb=gross&nr=1 Adiectivo "niger nigra nigrum" Theodiscum adiectivum ''Schwarze'' vertitur].</ref> | Nigrum Packaw<ref name="Nigrum Packaw">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Pockau#Geschichte]], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erstmalige Erwähnung des Ortes erfolgte im Jahre 1365 als „Packaw“ (...)". Adiectivo "nigrum" Theodiscum adiectivum ''Schwarze'' vertitur.</ref> | ''Schwarze Pockau'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Flöha]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Nordradde]] | | ''Nordradde'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Oorana]]<ref name="Oorana">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohrn#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 795 als „Oorana fluvius“ erstmals urkundlich erwähn (...)".</ref> | | ''Ohrn'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Radentia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | |''Schwäbische Rezat'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Redniz]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Tanger (flumen)|Tanger]]<ref name="Tanger">Vide [https://archive.org/stream/thietmarimersebu00thieuoft/thietmarimersebu00thieuoft_djvu.txt Thietmari Merseburgensis episcopi Chronicon, post editionem Ioh. M. Lappenbergii recognovit Fridericus Kurze"], ubi dicitur "(...) Tanger rivus, qui prope (...)".</ref> | | ''Tanger'' seu ''Vereinigten Tanger'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Trebe (Alestra)|Trebe]]<ref name="Trebe">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Trieb (Pöhl)#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Waldhufendorf Trieb wurde im Jahr 1441 erstmals urkundlich als „Trebe“ erwähnt. (...)".</ref> | | ''Trieb'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Warme]] | |''Warme'' seu ''Warmebach'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Dimel]]<ref name="Dimel"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wietze (Alara)|Wietze Alarae]] | |''Wietze'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wila (Agger)|Wila]]<ref name="Wila">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Wiehl#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur "(...) 1131 wurde Wiehl unter dem Namen Wila erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Wiehl'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Agger (flumen)|Agger]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wissaha (Bregenze)|Wissaha Bregenzensis]]<ref name="Wissaha">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Wissha Bregenzensis<ref name="Wissaha"/> |''Weißach'' | align="right" | 33 | [[Bregenze]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Abilach]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Ablach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Ablach'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Boninaha]]<ref name="Boninaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bina#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Bina wurde im Jahr 790 erstmals als ''Boninaha'' schriftlich genannt (...)".</ref> | |''Bina'' seu ''Binastorfer Mühlbach'' seu ''Gassauer Mühlbach'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Rota (Aenus)|Rota Aeni]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Calde (flumen)|Calde]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Kahl'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Cruofdero]]<ref name="Cruofdero">Vide [file:///C:/Users/34622/Downloads/Heidenkeller%20korrigiert.pdf Kultspuren aus der Zeit der Völkerwanderung im südlichen Taunus?], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Der Bach Kriftel ist auf keiner heutigen Karte mehr zu finden, statt dessen läufter unter den Namen Dattenbach, Goldbach, Schwarzbach von den Taunushöhen'' (...) ''Frühe Namensbelege sind: Cruofdero (1043), Kruftelam und Cruftele (um 1250/60), Krüftel (1355); als zugehörige Ortsnamen sind belegt'' Cruftera (780-802), Crufdera, Cruftere, Cruftero (um 800), Cruftero (890), Acruftele (Okriftel 1103), Cruftelo (1226) (...)".</ref> | Kruftela<ref name="Cruofdero"/> seu Cruftera<ref name="Cruofdero"/> seu Crufdera<ref name="Cruofdero"/><ref name="Cruofdero"/> seu Cruftere<ref name="Cruofdero"/> seu Cruftero<ref name="Cruofdero"/> seu Cruftero<ref name="Cruofdero"/> seu Acruftele<ref name="Cruofdero"/> seu Cruftelo<ref name="Cruofdero"/> |''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Dattenbach'' seu ''Goldbach'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dorsbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Dörsbach'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dürnach]] | |''Dürnach'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Westernach]] | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Elison]]<ref name="Elison">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seseke hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der römische Geschichtsschreiber Cassius Dio nennt im Zusammenhang mit den Drusus-Feldzügen (12 bis 8 v. Chr.) einen Fluss namens „Elison“ (...)".</ref> | | ''Seseke'' seu ''Sisecke'' seu ''Sesike'' seu ''Zesik'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Iazaha (Sinna)|Iazaha]]<ref name="Iazaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jossa_(Sinn)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde ursprünglich Jazaha^[6]und später Jos^[7] genannt (...)".</ref><ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Ios<ref name="Iazaha"/> | ''Jossa'' seu ''Joßa'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Sinna (flumen)|Sinna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lerna (flumen)|Lerna]]<ref name="Lerna">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''In Lernam'' (786, Fälschung 12. Jh.) ''lerhna'' (um 1320) (...)".</ref> | Lerhna | ''Lehrde'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Luitra]]<ref name="Luitra">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauter_(Rhein,_Gernsheim)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Für die Lauter wurden auch die Namen Ziegelbach und Luitra verwendet (...)".</ref> | | ''Lauter'' seu ''Winkelbach'' seu ''Ziegelbach'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Melia (flumen)|Melia]]<ref name="Melia">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6hlin_(Rhein)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''iuxta fluvium Melia'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Möhlin'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Murge]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Radolfzeller Aach'' seu ''Hegauer Aach'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivulus Niger (Falconis petra)|Rivulus Niger Falconis Petrae]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger"/><ref name="Falkensteinerbach"/> | | ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Schwartzbach'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Falconis petra (Cinzele)|Falconis Petra]]<ref name="Falkensteinerbach">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sala (Layna)|Sala Laynae]]<ref name="Sala Laynae">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Saale'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Südradde]] | | ''Südradde'' | align="right" | 32 | [[Hassa]]<ref name="Hassa"/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Aha Goetzingensis]]<ref name="Aha Goetzingensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783258481142_A43727966/preview-9783258481142_A43727966.pdf FLüsse der Alpen: Vielfalt in Natur und Kultur]. Gentilicio "Goetzingensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium "Götzinger" vertitur.</ref> | |''Götzinger Achen'' seu ''Götzinger Ache'' | align="right" | 31 | [[Salzaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Brachtaha]]<ref name="Brachtaha">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Bracht'' seu ''Hundsbach'' seu ''Horstbach'' | align="right" | 31 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hilda (flumen)|Hilda]]<ref name="Hilda">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryck#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) „Hildam fluvium“ (...)".</ref> | | ''Ryck'' | align="right" | 31 | [[Sinus Gryphiswaldensis]]<ref name="Sinus Gryphiswaldensis">Confer [[Gryphiswalda|urbem]] apud hanc sinum.</ref> | [[Hilda (flumen)|Hilda]]<ref name="Hilda"/> |- | [[Scuntra (Sala Moeni)|Scuntra Salae Moeni]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Schondra'' | align="right" | 31 | [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]<ref name="Sala in pago"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sebnitium (flumen)|Sebnitium]]<ref name="-itium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-itium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Rockelvitium]], [[Denheritium]], [[Groditium]], [[Oelsnitium (Terra Advocatorum)|Oelsnitium]], [[Olnitium (Montes Metalliferi)|Olnitium]], [[Racovitium]] apud [[Index urbium et communium Saxoniae|articulum de indice urbium et ommunium Saxoniae]].</ref> | |''Sebnitz'' | align="right" | 31 | [[Lachsbacum (Albis)|Lachsbacum Albis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Sulz (Alcmana)|Sulz Alcmanae]] | | ''Sulz'' | align="right" | 31 | [[Alcmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Veerse]] | | ''Veerse'' | align="right" | 31 | [[Wemma]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wenne]] | |''Wenne'' | align="right" | 31 | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wolf (flumen)|Wolf]] | | ''Wolf'' seu ''Wolfach'' | align="right" | 31 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Alapa]]<ref name="Alapa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpe_(Aller)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der erste Namensbeleg lautete 788 ''Alapam'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Alpe'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Altefeld (flumen)|Altefeld]] | | ''Altefeld'' seu ''Schwarzer Fluss'' seu ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Altfell'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Slyrepha (flumen)|Slyrepha]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Andolfspach]]<ref name="Andolfspach">Vide [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftfurdi2185unse/zeitschriftfurdi2185unse_djvu.txt Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins], ubi dicitur "(...) et pratum ad duas carratas feni in Andolfspach (...)".</ref> | | ''Andelsbach'' seu ''Andel'' seu ''Andelnbach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Abilach]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Aufseß (flumen)|Aufseß]] | |''Aufseß'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Wiesent]]<ref name="Wiesent"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Biverna (Osta)|Biverna Ostae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Beverna Ostae<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Bever'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Branda (flumen)|Branda]]<ref name="Branda">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brendlorenzen#Name articulum apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam].</ref> | Brande<ref name="Branda"/> seu Brente<ref name="Branda"/> seu Brante<ref name="Branda"/> seu Brenden<ref name="Branda"/> seu Brenten<ref name="Branda"/> seu Brent<ref name="Branda"/> | ''Brend'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]<ref name="Sala in pago"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Datze]] | | ''Datze'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Tollense]]<ref name="Tollense"/> | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Dumna (flumen)|Dumna]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> | | ''Wustrower Dumme'' seu ''Dumme'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Iesne]]<ref name="Iesne"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Eberbach (Atulla)|Eberbach Atullae]]<ref name="Ebrach">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis ex hydronymo "Eberbach". De hydronymo "Eberbach" vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Rauhe Ebrach, l.z. Regnitz (z. Main), 1297 gegen die Ebrach; Eberbach (indirekt z. Unteren Murg z. Rhein), 1355 ripa Eberbach (...)".</ref> | | ''Ebrach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Atulla]]<ref name="Attel"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Eberbach Medium]]<ref name="Eberbach Medium">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis ex hydronymo "Eberbach" et adiectivo "medius-a-um". De hydronymo "Eberbach" vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Rauhe Ebrach, l.z. Regnitz (z. Main), 1297 gegen die Ebrach; Eberbach (indirekt z. Unteren Murg z. Rhein), 1355 ripa Eberbach (...)". Adiectivo "medius-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Mittlere" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Mittlere Ebrach'' seu ''Mittelebrach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Eberbach]]<ref name="Eberbach"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ech]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | E<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Ehe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Aich'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Erlenbacum (Nida)|Erlenbacum Nidae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Erlenbach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]<ref name="Nida Moeni"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Feltchrucha]]<ref name=Gr/> | | ''Felda'' seu ''Katharinenbach'' seu ''Sengersbach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Amana (flumen)|Amana]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fluxus Tygelensis]]<ref name="Fluxus Tygelensis">Theodisca vox ''Fließ'' in Latinam linguam "fluxus-us" vertitur. De gentilicio "Tygelensis-e" vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin-Tegel#Geschichte hunc articulum apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Tegel wird 1322 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt als Kirchdorf ''Tygel''(...)".</ref> | |''Tegeler Fließ'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Gerdavia (flumen)|Gerdavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Gherdou<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Gerdowe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Gherdowe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Gerdow<ref name="Gerdow">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerdau_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name Gerdau (1352 ''Gerdow'') (...)".</ref> seu Gerdauge<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Gerdau'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Gramma (flumen)|Gramma]]<ref name="Gramma">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramme hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Im Jahr 1265 wird das Gewässer als Gramma erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | |''Gramme'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Grindaha]]<ref name="Grindaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCndau_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird 1173 als ''Grindaha'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | |''Gründau'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Helre]]<ref name="Helre">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heller_(Sieg) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Bereits am 24. Juni 1350 wurde die Heller in einer Urkunde als „Helre“ erwähnt (...)".</ref> | |''Heller'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ileda]]<ref name="Ileda">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihle hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird 1114 erstmals urkundlich genannt (''Ileda'') (...)" </ref> | |''Ihle'' | align="right" | 30 | Fossa inter [[Habala]]m<ref name=Gr/> et [[Albis|Albem]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Kander (Rhenus)|Kander Rheni]] | | ''Kander'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ketzerbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Ketzerbach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Lumme]]<ref name="Lumme">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumda_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ''Lumda'' wird 1339 als ''Lumme'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)" </ref> | |''Lumda'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Modenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Modenbach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]<ref name="Spira"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Salz]]<ref name="Salz">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) in loco, qui dicitur Salz (...)".</ref> | |''Salz'' seu ''Salzbach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schiltahe]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Schiltha<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Schiltache<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Schiltach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Schiltach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sprotte]] | |''Sprotte'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Plissa]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Sura (Net Almanae)|Sura Netensis]]<ref name="Sura (Net Almanae)">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Sauer'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Net (Almana)|Net Almanae]]<ref name="Altenau (Alme)">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) sursum usque Net (...)".</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Vidaue]]<ref name="Vidaue">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) iuxta Vidaue (...) ponte iuxta Withaue (...)".</ref> | Withaue<ref name="Vidaue"/> |''Weihung'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Wahnbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Wahnbach'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wisper]] | | ''Wisper'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Worpena]]<ref name="Worpena">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20240924125310/http://www.koeblergerhard.de/wikiling/?f=gold&page=3515 koeblergerhard.de], ubi dicitur "(...) Gewässernamen Wörpe (Worpena 1324) (...)".</ref> | | ''Wörpe'' | align="right" | 30 | [[Wemma]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |} ===Flumina inter 29 et 25 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 29 et 25 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Altenavia (ALmana)|Altenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Net Almanae<ref name="Altenau (Alme)"/> | ''Altenau'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Almana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Clana (Manachfialta)|Clana]]<ref name="Clana Manachfialtae">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glonn_(Mangfall)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name taucht 774 erstmals urkundlich auf (''Clana''). Er leitet sich vom keltischen Adjektiv *glano- für „rein, klar, glänzend“ ab (...)".</ref> | | ''Glonn'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Manachfialta]]<ref name="Manachfialta"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Guta (Chinzechun)|Gůta]]<ref name="Guta">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/krieger1904bd1/0422/image,info Topographisches Wörterbuch des Großherzogtums Baden], ubi dicitur "(...) ecclesia Gůta in decanatu Rotwil (...)".</ref> | | ''Gutach'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hostrahun (Hilaria)|Hostrahun Hilariae]]<ref name="Hostrahun">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].</ref> | |''Ostrach'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]<ref name="Hilaria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Ilaha]]<ref name="Ilaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 1060 (''Ilaha'') erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Illach'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Licus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Lotzmane]]<ref name="Lotzmane">Vide [https://www.rechtskarten.de/karten/kaufunger-wald/ Der Königsforst Kaufunger Wald], ubi dicitur "(...) ''silva que adiacet civitati inter Gelstram et Lotzmane amnes posita'', d.h. bis zur Gelster im Südosten und zur Losse im Südwesten (...)".</ref> | |''Losse'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Mare Steinhudense]]<ref name="Mare Steinhudense">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. De hoc flumine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Meerbach&f=false Etymologie der Gewässernamen], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Meerbach'' (...) riuum quendam effluentem de Stagno quod vocatur mare, 1250 mari (...)". Adiectivum "Steinhudense" refert vicinum ad oppidum Steinhude.</ref> | Mari Steinhudense<ref name="Mare Steinhudense"/> | ''Steinhuder Meerbach'' seu ''Aue'' seu ''Bäke'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Marka (flumen)|Marka]] | | ''Marka'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Amisia Sygeltrensis]]<ref name="Sagter Ems">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo "Amisia" et adiectivo "Sygeltrensis-es". De hydronymis "Amisia" vide {{Graesse}}. De adiectivo "Sygeltrensis-es", vide [articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae "Saterland"], ubi dicitur "(...) Von der Grafschaft Sögel (''Comitia Sygeltra'') hat das Saterland („Sagelter Land“) auch seinen Namen (...)"</ref> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Panca]]<ref name="Riedel 1843">Riedel, Adolpho Friderico, auctore (1843). ''Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis: Sammlung der Urkunden, Chroniken und sonstigen Quellenschriften''. Berolini: F.H. Morin.</ref> | [[Pankowe]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Panke'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rehbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Rehbach'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Röhr]] | | ''Röhr'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schlucht]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Schlüht<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Schlücht'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Vutahe]]<ref name="Vutahe"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schwülme]] | | ''Schwülme'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Secheimer (Iages)|Secheimer Iagis]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Seccaher<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> Iagis seu Seggaha<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> Iagis seu Sekaha<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> Iagis |''Seckach'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sormitz]] | | ''Sormitz'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Lukavica]]<ref name="Lukavica"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Wetschaft]] | | ''Wetschaft'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wirsenicz (Caminizi rivus)|Wirsenicz Caminizi rivi]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Wersnicz Caminizi rivi<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Würschnitz'' seu ''Beuthenbach'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Caminizi rivus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Wuta|Wůta]]<ref name="Wůta">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilde_Gutach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird bei seiner Ersterwähnung im Jahr 1111 als Wůta bezeichnet (...)".</ref> | |''Wilde Gutach'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Helzaha]]<ref name="Helzaha"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Zwinga (Albis)|Zwinga Albis]]<ref name="Zwinga Albis">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwinge_(Peene)#Geschichten articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) In einer Urkunde des Herzogs Kasimir II. von 1219 wurde der Bach als „aqua molendini“ (Mühlengewässer) erwähnt.^[4] Die Erwähnung als „''Zwinga''“ erfolgte 1248 in einer Urkunde des Herzogs Wartislaw III. von Pommern-Demmin (...).</ref> | Aqua Molendini Albis<ref name="Zwinga Albis"/> |''Schwinge'' | align="right" | 29 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Amisia Sygeltrensis]]<ref name="Sagter Ems">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo "Amisia" et adiectivo "Sygeltrensis-es". De hydronymis "Amisia" vide {{Graesse}}. De adiectivo "Sygeltrensis-es", vide [articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae "Saterland"], ubi dicitur "(...) Von der Grafschaft Sögel (''Comitia Sygeltra'') hat das Saterland („Sagelter Land“) auch seinen Namen (...)"</ref> | | ''Sagter Ems'' seu ''Sater Ems'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Lade]]<ref name="Lade"/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Bist]] | | ''Bist'' seu ''Biest'' seu ''Bießt'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Saravus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Breitaha|Breitaha Iagis]]<ref name="Breitaha Iagis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Brettach'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dumme Salzwitense]]<ref name="Salzwitense">Gemtilicium "Salzwitense" ad Salzwitam refert. Hoc de oppido, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Salzwedeler Dumme'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Iesne]]<ref name="Iesne"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Elera (Net)|Elera Netensis]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Elra Netensis<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Ellerbach'' seu ''Eller'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Net (Almana)|Net Almanae]]<ref name="Altenau (Alme)"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Esse (Dimel)|Esse Dimelis]] | |''Esse'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Dimel]]<ref name="Dimel"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Garda (Nicer)|Garda]]<ref name="Garda">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lein_(Neckar)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Früher hieß der Bach Gartach (988 ''fluvium Garda''), eine Bezeichnung, die sich außer im Namen einiger Orte am Lauf auch in dem des mittelalterlichen Gartachgaus wiederfindet (...)".</ref> | |''Lein'' seu ''Leinbach'' seu ''Schreckebach'' seu ''Seebach'' seu ''Gartach'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hale (Ruma)|Hale]]<ref name="Hale">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hahle_(Rhume)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''aquam ... hale'' (...)".</ref> | |''Hahle'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Ruma (Layna)|Ruma]]<ref name="Ruma"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Iutraha (Nicer)|Iutraha Niceri]]<ref name="Iutraha Niceri">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itter_(Neckar)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ''Itter'' wird im Jahr 628 (''Iutraha'') erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Der Name enthielt ursprünglich die Endung -aha, was für „Fließgewässer“ steht. (...)".</ref><ref name=Gr/><ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Yutra<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Iutra<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Iudra<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Euteraha<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Eutere<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Itter'' seu ''Euterbach'' seu ''Itterbach'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lutra (Slyphera)|Lutra Slypherae]]<ref name="Lutra"/> | |''Lauter'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Slyrepha (flumen)|Slyrepha]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Mercene]]<ref name="Mercene">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merzbach#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Bei Röhe wurde eine römische Siedlung ausgegraben, die vermutlich ''*Marcianum'' hieß (‚Landgut des Marcius‘) und namensgebend für den Fluss und die Flur war. Der Name ist erstmals 1149 als ''Mercene'' verschriftlicht (...)".</ref> | Marcianum<ref name="Mercene"/> |''Merzbach'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Mitrana]]<ref name="Mitrana">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20241007103209/https://www.bietigheim-bissingen.de/fileadmin/user_upload_stadtverwaltung/newsletter/2022/06_Juni_2022/2022_06_30/Anlage_zur_PM__QR-Naturerlebnispfad_Mettertal.pdf QR-Natur- & Kultur-Erlebnisrundgang Mettertal], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name Metter ist seit der Römerzeit belegt. Die Römer nannten das Flüsschen „Matisa“ und „Fluvius Mitrana“ (...)".</ref> | Matisa | ''Metter'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Enze]]<ref name="Enze"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Netha|Netha Nersae]]<ref name="Netha Nersae">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nette_(Innerste)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) 1149 wurde der Fluss als „iuxta Netham“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | |''Nette'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Nersa]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Olef]] | |''Olef'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Urdefa (flumen)|Urdefa]]<ref name="Urdefa"/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Owe Rodenbergense]]<ref name="Owe Rodenbergense">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan". De hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur "(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)". Gentilicium "Rodenbergense" ad [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodenberg#Geschichte Castrum Rodenbergum] refert.</ref> | |''Rodenberger Aue'' seu ''Aue'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Owe Occidentale]]<ref name="Westaue">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan". De hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur "(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)". Adiectivo "Occidentale" Theodiscum praefixum ''West-'' vertitur.</ref> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rivulus Niger (Elisinza)|Rivulus Niger Elisinzae]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger"/> | |''Schwarzbach'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Elisinza]]<ref name="Elisinza"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Raodhaha Caeca]]<ref name="Raodhaha Caeca">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Oberrot&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch]. Adiectivo "caecus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Blinde" vertitur.</ref> | Rotaha Caeca<ref name="Raodhaha Caeca"/> seu Rota Caeca <ref name="Raodhaha Caeca"/> |''Blinde Rot'' seu ''Adelmannsfelder Rot'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rotaha (Moenus)|Rotaha Moeni]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Rodau'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Salzbuide]]<ref name="Salzbuide">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salzb%C3%B6de#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmalige Erwähnung erfährt die Bezeichnung Salzböde in einer Schenkungsurkunde aus dem 8. Jahrhundert, in der eine Edelfrau namens Adelburch ihre Besitzungen in der mündungsnahen Ortschaft „Salzbutine“ (Salzböden) dem Kloster Fulda überträgt. Im Landfriedensvertrag, den Bischof Wernher von Mainz 1265 mit hessischen Reichsstädten und benachbarten Territorialherren schloss, wird bei der Beschreibung der Grenze im Norden auch der Fluss Salzböde („..., ''et ab illa silva usque ad aquam, que dictur Salzbuide'',...“) (...)".</ref> | Salzbutine<ref name="Salzbuide"/> |''Salzböde'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sinna Angusta]]<ref name="Sinna angusta">Vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Oberrot&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch], auctore Alberto Greule. Adiectivum "angustus-a-um", quo Theodiscum adiectivum "Schmale" vertitur, adhibetur ad distinguendum hoc flumen suo ex homonymo flumine.</ref> | Sinne Angustum<ref name="Sinna angusta"/> |''Schmale Sinn'' seu ''Hintere Sinn'' seu ''Kleine Sinn'' | align="right" | 28 | [[Sinna (flumen)|Sinna Salae Moeni]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aa Fera]]<ref name="Aa Fera">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Lexicon Universale}}. Adiectivo "ferus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Wilde" vertitur.</ref> | Alpha Fera<ref name="Alpha Fera">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivo "ferus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Wilde" vertitur.</ref> |''Wilde Aa'' seu ''Aar'' seu ''Ogge'' seu ''Wilde Ah'' seu ''Wilde Aar'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Orcana]]<ref name="Orcana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Aalbach (Moenus)|Aalbach Moeni]]<ref name="Aalbach Moeni">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].</ref> | |''Aalbach'' seu ''Ahlbach'' seu ''Weidengraben'' seu ''Waldbüttelbrunner Augraben'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Barre]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Kleine Paar'' seu ''Holzheimerbach'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Ach Frewbergense]]<ref name="Frewberga">Adiectivo "Frewbergensis-e" vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Cherse]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Koerse<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Kerse<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Körsch'' seu ''Sindelbach'' seu ''Aischbach'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Elera (Nava)|Elera Navae]]<ref name="Elera">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellerbach_(Nahe)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''super fluuiolum Elera'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Ellerbach'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ghela]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Gehle'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hamele]]<ref name="Hamele">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamel_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 1309 (Hamele) erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | |''Hamel'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lara (27 km)|Lara]]<ref name="Lara">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafenlohr_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Im Jahr 772 war sie in der Markbeschreibung der Benediktinerabtei Neustadt am Main erstmals als ''super fluviolum Lara'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Hafenlohr'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivulus Niger Rhenanus Wittlaerensis]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger"/> | |''Schwarzbach'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Tulba]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Thulba'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]<ref name="Sala in pago"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wevene]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Wabe'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Schuntra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wietze (Ursena)|Wietze Ursenae]] | | ''Wietze'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Ursena]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Withaa]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Withaea<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Widaae<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Hvidaae<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Wiedau'' seu ''Mehlandsbach'' seu ''Delmser Bach'' | align="right" | 27 | [[Wemma]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Bära]] | | ''Bära'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Canalis (Rura)|Canalis Rurae]]<ref name="Canalis">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kallbach_(Urft)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name könnte sich vom rheinischen Wort Kall(e) für 'Wasserrinne, Straßenrinne' (< lateinisch ''canalis'') herleiten (...).</ref> | | ''Kall'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Cupfere]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Kuppher<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Chupher<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Kupfer'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ekkerne]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Ecker'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Ovacra]]<ref name="Ovacra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Erpe (Tuistina)|Erpe]] | | ''Erpe'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Tuistina (Dimel)|Tuistina]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Extera]]<ref name="Piderit 1846">Piderit, F. C. G. (1846). ''Geschichte der Lippe'schen Lande''. Detmoldae: Meyer.</ref> | | ''Exter'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hardna]]<ref name="Hardna">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(Werre)#Bezeichnung hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Im Mittelalter trug die Aa den Namen „Hardna“, welcher sich vom mittelniederdeutschen Wort hart für 'Bergwald, waldiger Höhenzug' ableite (...)".</ref> | [[Aa (Wachna)|Aa Wachnae]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | ''Aa'' seu ''Johannisbach'' seu ''Westfälische Aa'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Wachna]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hasalaha (flumen)|Hasalaha Werahae]]<ref name="Hasalaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasel_(Werra)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 824 als Hasalaha erstmals schriftlich genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Hasel'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Weraha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Kessach]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Kessha<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Chessa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Kessach'' seu ''Berolzheimer Kästle'' seu ''Schillingstadter Kästle'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lutra (Nicer)|Lutra Niceri]]<ref name="Lutra"/> | | ''Lauter'' seu ''Lenninger Lauter'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lutturu (Amisia)|Lutturu Amisiae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Lutteru Amisiae<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Lutter'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lutturu (Lachte)|Lutturu Lachtense]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Lutteru Lachtense<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Lutter'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Lachte]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Luya (Naba)|Luya Nabae]]<ref name="Luya Nabae">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Lia<ref name="Luya Nabae"/> | ''Luhe'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Naba]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Naba"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Miele (flumen)|Miele]] | | ''Miele'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Mare Germanicum]] | [[Miele (flumen)|Miele]] |- | [[Mosalbe]]<ref name="Mosalbe">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moosalbe_(Schwarzbach)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1180 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (''Mosalbe'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Moosalbe'' seu ''Moosalb'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Burchalben]]<ref name="Burchalben"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nisa (flumen)|Nisa]]<ref name="Nisa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niese_(Emmer)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1005 als ''Nisa'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Niese'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Emmera]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Othmunda]]<ref name="Ochtum"/> | | ''Ochtum'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rotina (Itessa)|Rotina Itessae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Rotene Itessae<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Röthen'' seu ''Röden'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Itessa]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Scherkonde]] | | ''Scherkonde'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Laz (flumen)|Laz]]<ref name="Laz"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Schoza]]<ref name="Schoza">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) aput Schozam (...)".</ref> | | ''Schozach'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Steinlach]] | | ''Steinlach'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Stobrava]]<ref name="Stobrava">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B6bber#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''fluuium qui Stoborov nuncupatur'' (...) ''super Stobravam'' (...)".</ref> | Stoborov<ref name="Stobrava"/> | ''Stöbber'' seu ''Stobber'' seu ''Stobberow'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Antiquus Viadrus]]<ref name="Antiquus Viadrus"/> | [[Viadrus]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Sulmana (flumen)|Sulmana]]<ref name="Sulmana">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulm_(Neckar)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa sulmana'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Sulm'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Weraha (Rhenus)|Weraha Rheni]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Werra Rheni<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Wehra'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wieste]] | | ''Wieste'' | align="right" | 26 | [[Wemma]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Altenavia Guelpherbytensis]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Guelpherbytensis-e">Gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refert.</ref> | Net Guelpherbytense<ref name="Net Guelpherbytense">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) sursum usque Net (...)". Gentilicium "Guelpherbytense" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refert.</ref> | ''Altenau'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Ovacra]]<ref name="Ovacra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Aqua Kotitzensis]]<ref name="Aqua Kotitzensis">Nomine "Aqua" Theodiscum nomen ''Wasser'' et gentilicio "Kotitzensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium "Kotitzer" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Kotitzer Wasser'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Lubetowe]]<ref name="Lubetowe"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Aschavia (Lachte)|Aschavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Aschau'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Lachte]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Avia Soholmensis]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Soholmense">Gentilicio "Soholmensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium "Soholmer" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Soholmer Au'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Canalis Bongsielensis]]<ref name="Bongsielensis">Gentilicio "Bongsielensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium "Bongsieler" vertitur.</ref> | [[Canalis Bongsielensis]]<ref name="Bongsielensis">Gentilicio "Bongsielensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium "Bongsieler" vertitur.</ref> |- | [[Bresnica]]<ref name="Bresnica">Vide [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268003452.pdf Historisches Ortsnamenbuch von Sachsen], ubi dicitur "(...) Beispiele hierfür sind Ortsnamen wie 11. Jh. ''Bresnica'' Prießnitz, (...)".</ref> | | ''Prießnitz'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Elsava]] | | ''Elsava'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gerstenbacum (Plissa)|Gerstenbacum Plissae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Gerstenbach'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Plissa]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Gimmlitium]]<ref name="-itium"/> | | ''Gimmlitz'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Mulda Fribergensis]]<ref name="MF"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Heimbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Heimbach'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Glatta (Rhenus)|Glatta Rheni]]<ref name="Glatta">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo Helvetico apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kossavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Kossau'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Lacus Tresdorfensis]]<ref name="Tresdorfensis">Hoc de gentilicio, confer scientificum epithetum "Tresdorfensis".</ref> | [[Kossavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> |- | [[Luppa (flumen)|Luppa]]<ref name="Luppa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luppe_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde 1216 als „Luppa fluvio“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Luppe'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Muda (flumen)|Muda]]<ref name="Billbach"/> | | ''Mud'' seu ''Mudau'' seu ''Mudbach'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ohe Magnum]]<ref name="Große">Adiectivo "magnus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Große" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Große Ohe'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Ilissus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Osa (flumen)|Osa]]<ref name="Osa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oos_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wird der Fluss im 9. Jahrhundert als ''Osa fluvio'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Oos'' seu ''Oosbach'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Murga (Nigra silva septentrionalis)|Murga Nigra silva septentrionalis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Purnitium]]<ref name="-itium"/> | | ''Purnitz'' seu ''Kleine Jeetze'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Iesne]]<ref name="Iesne"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Russella (Albis)|Russella Albis]]<ref name="Russella Albis">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Rossel'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Schmalkalde]] | | ''Schmalkalde'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Seidewitium (flumen)|Seidewitium]]<ref name="-itium"/> | | ''Seidewitz'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Gotlavia]]<ref name="Gotlavia"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Smiehe]]<ref name="Smiehe">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Schmiech, die, l.z. Donau, entspringt oberhalb von Springen (Gundershofen, Stadt Schelklingen, AlbDonau-Kreis, B.-W., D) aus einer ergiebigen Karstquelle, mündet südlich von Ehingen (Alb-DonauKreis). – 1298 fluvium … Smiehe (...)".</ref> | | ''Schmiech'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Steina (Mogus Rufus)|Steina Mogi Rufi]]<ref name="Steina Calida">Fingitur hoc nomen ex adiectivo "calidus-a-um" -Theodiscum adiectivum ''Warme'' vertente- et homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Steinach''. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Steina&f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].</ref> | | ''Warme Steinach'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Mogus rufus|Mogus Rufus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Stillach]] | | ''Stillach'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]<ref name="Hilaria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Swarza Bavarica]]<ref name="Swarza Bavarica">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo "Swarza". Hoc de hydronymo ultimo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzach_(Naab) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Bereits 1250 wurde die „Swarza“ erwähnt (...)". Gentilicum "Bavaricus-a-um" Theodiscum ''Bayerische'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Bayerische Schwarzach'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Swarza]]<ref name="Swarza"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Trierbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Trierbach'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Tymanize]]<ref name="Tymanize">Vide [https://mvdok.lbmv.de/mjbrenderer?id=mvdok_document_00002845 Jahrbücher des Vereins für meklenburgische Geschichte und Alterthumskunde], ubi dicitur "(...) Temnitz, Bach bei Netzeband, 1232 super Tymanize fluuium (...)".</ref> | |''Temnitz'' seu ''Hellbach'' seu ''Sandfurthgraben'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Plane (flumen)|Plane]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Verse]] | | ''Verse'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]<ref name="Lena"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Waldaha]]<ref name="Waldaha">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) iuxta Waldaha (...)".</ref> | | ''Waldach'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Warne]] | | ''Warne'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Ovacra]]<ref name="Ovacra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wesebach]]<ref name="Wesebach">Confer [https://www.google.com/search?q=+%22Wesebach+et+campo+Gallendal+%22&client=firefox-b-d&sca_esv=a5db118e05c2ad26&biw=1275&bih=280&ei=pZkCZ-SEMre7i-gP-JWo0Q8&ved=0ahUKEwik6-nn9vmIAxW33QIHHfgKKvoQ4dUDCA8&uact=5&oq=+%22Wesebach+et+campo+Gallendal+%22&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiHyAiV2VzZWJhY2ggZXQgY2FtcG8gR2FsbGVuZGFsICJIpzdQ6QNY6xhwAXgAkAEAmAG4AaABmwqqAQMwLjm4AQPIAQD4AQL4AQGYAgGgAsQBwgIFECEYoAGYAwCIBgGSBwMwLjGgB8wI&sclient=gws-wiz-serp hos exitūs] e [[Google|Gugulā]], ubi dicitur "(...) Wesebach et campo Gallendal et termini earum der Speyrer Domkirche (...)".</ref> | | ''Wesebach'' seu ''Wese'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ziethe]] | | ''Ziethe'' | align="right" | 25 | [[Fona]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |} ===Flumina inter 24 et 20 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 24 et 20 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Affata]]<ref name="Affata">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afte#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Erstbeleg von 1306 lautet ''inter fluvium Affatam'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Afte'' seu ''Wiele'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Almana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Berentraph (flumen)|Berentraph]]<ref name="Berentraph">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferndorf_(Kreuztal)#Geschichte articulum de hoc oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wurde der Ort unter dem Namen „Berentraph“ bereits 1067 und ist somit einer der ältesten Orte des Siegerlandes (...)".</ref> | | ''Ferndorfbach'' seu ''Ferndorf'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Brenza]]<ref name="Brenza">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Brettenbach r.z. Elz (z. Rhein) (...) super fluvium Brancia, (1143) aquam Bretten (...) super fluvium Brenze, lich), /br˛edebax/, 1317–41 an der Brettennun, iuxta (um 774, Original) super fluvium Brancia, (1143) aquam Bretten, (...) prope fluvium Brenza (...)".</ref> | Brancia<ref name="Brenza"/> seu Bretten<ref name="Brenza"/> seu Brenze<ref name="Brenza"/> | ''Brettenbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Helzaha]]<ref name="Helzaha"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Chivirinis]]<ref name="Chivirinis">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kieferbach#Namensdeutung hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Bach tritt im 13. Jh. mit der Form ''ad locum … Chivirinis Ursprinch'' („Quelle des Kieferbachs“) erstmals urkundlich in Erscheinung (...)".</ref> | | ''Kieferbach'' seu ''Thierseer Ache'' seu ''Klausbach'' seu ''Klausenbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Dellina]]<ref name="Dellina">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalke#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung des Flusses stammt aus dem Jahr 1001. Die „Dellina“ bzw. „Delchana“ bildete die Grenze des Paderborner Forstbannes (...)".</ref> | Delchana |''Dalke'' seu ''Dalkebach'' seu ''Bullerbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Dietsulze]]<ref name="Dietsulze">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietzh%C3%B6lze#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) 1048 noch als Dietsulze bezeichnet, wurde der Name in der Neuzeit zu Dietzhölze umgedeutet (...)".</ref> | Dietsulza<ref name="Dietsulza">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Kyrorsum Dietsulzam (...)".</ref> | ''Dietzhölze'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Dillena]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Erlenbacum Bieringenense|Erlenbacum Bieringenense]]<ref name="-bacum"/><ref name="Bieringen">Gentilicium "Bieringense" ad oppidum Bieringen refertur.</ref> | | ''Erlenbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fehntjer Tief]] | | ''Fehntjer Tief'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Gohbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Gohbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Gundbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Gundbach'' seu ''Hengstbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Rivulus Niger Ginsheimensis Rhenanus]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Herloga]]<ref name="Herloga">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harle_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss tritt in dem Gaunamen ''pagus Herloga'' um das Jahr 1100 erstmals urkundlich in Erscheinung (...)".</ref> | | ''Harle'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Mare Germanicum]] | [[Herloga]]<ref name="Herloga"/> |- | [[Hlunia]]<ref name="Hlunia">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenne_(Weser)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1007 als ''in Hluniam'' zum ersten Mal schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Lenne'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Klingengraben (Vutahe)|Klingengraben Vutahense]] | |''Klingengraben'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Vutahe]]<ref name="Vutahe"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lockwitzbacum (Albis)|Lockwitzbacum Albis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Lockwitzbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Lungwitzbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Lungwitzbach'' seu ''Lungwitz'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Maior Strigus]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Maior Striguz<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Striguz<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Strigucz<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Kleine Striegis'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Stregus]]<ref name="Stregus"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Nassaha (Moenus)|Nassaha Moeni]]<ref name="Nassaha">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex homonymo oppido. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Nassach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Pleisa]]<ref name="Pleisa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleisbach#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Gewässer wurde im Jahr 948 als ''pleisa'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Pleisbach'' seu ''Pleissbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Praitahe]]<ref name="Praitahe">Vide [https://texte.volare.vorarlberg.at/viewer/fulltext/VLB0067946/133/ Der Mittelberg. Geschichte, Landes- und Volkskunde des ehemaligen gleichnamigen Gerichtes], ubi dicitur "(...) Hinc sursum per illud flumen ilara usque ad ostium praitahe (Breitach.) (...)".</ref> | |''Breitach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]<ref name="Hilaria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Rota (Redniz)|Rota Rednizensis]]<ref name="Rota Rednizensis">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymis oppidis Theodisce ''Roth''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Roth'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Redniz]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Scaflenze (Iages)|Scaflenze Iagis]]<ref name="Scaflenze Iagis">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo apud [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Oberrot&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch].</ref> | Scaflenzen Iagis<ref name="Scaflenze Iagis"/> seu Scaflenza Iagis<ref name="Scaflenze Iagis"/> | ''Schefflenz'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Surdafalacha]]<ref name="Surdafalacha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietzh%C3%B6lze#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Unterlauf wird 793 als Surdafalacha (lat. surda ='die Taube') erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Fallbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Kincicha]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wickera]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Wykara<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wickere<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Wickerbach'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wisilaffa]]<ref name="Wisilaffa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wieslauf#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Wieslauf wird 1027 als ''Wisilaffa'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Wieslauf'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Remisus]]<ref name="Remisus"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wiske]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Wisicher<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wisicheim<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wisicha<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wiseche<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wiseke<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wyseche<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Wieseck'' | align="right" | 24 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Achaza]]<ref name="Achaza">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echaz#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird 938 als Achaza erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Echaz'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Alara Parva]]<ref name="Alara Parva">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine maiore. Cui ultimo, vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aller_(Germany) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur "The river's name, which was recorded in 781 as ''Alera'', in 803 as ''Elera'', in 1096 as ''Alara'' (...)". Adiectivo "parvus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Kleine" vertitur.</ref> | Alera Parva<ref name="Alara Parva"/> seu Elera Parva<ref name="Alara Parva"/> | ''Kleine Aller'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Alinde]]<ref name="Alinde">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elte_(Fluss)#Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der erste Namensbeleg ist ''Alinde'' (1014) und im späteren Mittelalter wird er als „ellna“ bezeichnet (...) wurde erstmals 1075 „in Elenen“ erwähnt. 1121 war bereits von einer „capella in Elnde“ die Rede. 1138 wurde er als „Elendi“ und 1304 als „in Elende“ benannt (...)".</ref> | Ellna<ref name="Alinde"/> seu Elenen<ref name="Alinde"/> seu Elnde<ref name="Alinde"/> seu Elendi<ref name="Alinde"/> seu Elende<ref name="Alinde"/> | ''Elte'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ambera]]<ref name=Gr/> | Ambra<ref name=Gr/> | ''Ammer'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Boda Calida]]<ref name="Boda Calida">Fingitur hoc nomen ex adiectivo "calidus-a-um" -Theodiscum adiectivum ''Warme'' vertente- et homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Bode''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Warme Bode'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Boda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Garthe]]<ref name="Garthe">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garte#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ''Garte'' wird im Jahr 1325 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (meatus fluuij … ''Garthe'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Garte'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Gisala]]<ref name="Meibom 1688">Meibom, Henrico, auctore (1688); ''Rerum Germanicarum Scriptores''. Helmaestadii: Typis & sumtibus Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii.</ref> | Geysla<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Geizle<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu [[Geisla]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Geisel'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Klia]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Henne (flumen)|Henne]] | |''Henne'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Holzape]] | | ''Holzape'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Dimel]]<ref name="Dimel"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hombacum (Othmunda)|Hombacum Othmundae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hombach'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Othmunda]]<ref name="Ochtum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Iachna]]<ref name="Iachna">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jachen#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss Jachen wird 1313 als Jachna (...)".</ref> | | ''Jachen'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Iazaha (Fuldaha)|Iazaha Fuldahae]]<ref name="Iazaha Fuldahae">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo. Homonymo de flumine, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jossa_(Sinn)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde ursprünglich Jazaha^[6]und später Jos^[7] genannt (...)".</ref><ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Jossa'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lara (23 km)|Lara]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Lohr'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Medemahem]]<ref name="Medemahem">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medem_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung gab es im Jahr 860 als ''Medemahem'' (...)".</ref> | |''Medem'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Niusta]]<ref name="Niusta">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCst#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde 980 als ''Niusta'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Nüst'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Huna]]<ref name="Huna"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Sehma (flumen)|Sehma]] | | ''Sehma'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Scopa (flumen)|Scopa]]<ref name="Albinus 1590"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Steinebacum (Chinzechun)|Steinebacum Chinzechunis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Steinebach'' seu ''Steinaubach'' seu ''Steineaubach'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Umlach]] | |''Umlach'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Riussaia]]<ref name="Riussaia"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Uotenbach]]<ref name="Outenbach">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odenbach_(Glan)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der namensgleiche Ort Odenbach wurde 841 als Uotenbach erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Odenbach'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]<ref name="Glan Navae"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wickriede]] | | ''Wickriede'' | align="right" | 23 | [[Owe Magnum]]<ref name="Owe Magnum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ascafa]]<ref name="Ascafa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aschaff#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der ursprüngliche Name Ascafa (980) (...)".</ref> | | ''Aschaff'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Awinpach (Lara)|Awinpach Larae]]<ref name="Awinpach Larae">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].</ref> | |''Aubach'' seu ''Wiesenbach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Lara (23 km)|Lara]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bibers]]<ref name="Bibers">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibers#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(„in ripa … Bibers“) (...)".</ref> | |''Bibers'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Blavius]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | | ''Blau'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Bomlitium]]<ref name="-itium"/> | | ''Bomlitz'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Böhme (flumen)|Böhme]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Dickelsbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Dickelsbach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Elbena]]<ref name="Elbena">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbbach_(Sieg) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''usque in Elbenam'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Elbbach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Endert]] | | ''Endert'' seu ''Endertbach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Finkenbacum (Laxbacum)|Finkenbacum Laxbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Finkenbach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Laxbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fliedina]]<ref name="Fliedina">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fliede#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) In den ersten schriftlichen Erwähnungen aus dem 9. Jahrhundert wird der Fluss ''Fliedina'' genannt (...)".</ref> | |''Fliede'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Geysaha]]<ref name="Geysaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geisbach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals schriftlich genannt wird der ''Geisbach'' in einer gefälschten Urkunde, die vor dem Jahr 1057 erstellt wurde. In dieser wird der Fluss als ''Geysaha'' bezeichne (...)".</ref> | | ''Geisbach'' seu ''Geis'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Grintahe]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Gerffe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Grintiffa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Grintafo<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Grintafus<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Grintafum<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Grintifa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Grenff'' seu ''Grenf'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Sualmanaha]]<ref name="Sualmanaha"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hiedraha]]<ref name="Hiedraha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idarbach_(Nahe)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung fand im Jahr 897 (''Hiedraha'') statt (...)".</ref> | | ''Idarbach'' seu ''Idar'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Iatha]]<ref name="Iatha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jade_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Wort ''Jade'' (1314: ''Jatha'') ist schwer zu deuten (...)".</ref> | | ''Jade'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Sinus Iathae]]<ref name="Iatha"/> | [[Iatha]]<ref name="Iatha"/> |- | [[Kropsbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Kropsbach'' seu ''Krebsbach'' seu ''Altenbach'' seu ''Mühlbachgraben'' seu ''Schlaggraben'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]<ref name="Spira"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lamma]]<ref name="Lamma">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamme_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste schriftliche Nennung erfolgte im Jahr 1065 als ''Lamma'' (...)".</ref> | |''Lamme'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Indistra]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref><ref name="Indistra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lee (Vidrus)|Lee]] | | ''Lee'' seu ''Kleine Lee" | align="right" | 22 | [[Vidrus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Lacus Yssel]] |- | [[Livianum]]<ref name="Livianum">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leibi#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name geht wohl auf einen römischen Ortsnamen Līviānum mit der Bedeutung (...)".</ref> | | ''Leibi'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Longna]]<ref name="Longna">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laugna_(Fluss)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der ursprüngliche keltische Name „Longna“ wurde von den römischen Besatzern (15 v. Chr.) übernommen.[3] Um 890 wird der Fluss als ''Logena'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | Logena |''Laugna'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Duria (Danubius)|Duria Danubii]]<ref name="Duria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Lutra (Bunaha)|Lutra Bunahae]]<ref name="Lutra"/> | | ''Lauter'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Bunaha (flumen)|Bunaha]]<ref name="Bunaha"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Malefinkbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Malefinkbach'' seu ''Malefink'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Mittweida Magna]]<ref name="Große">Adiectivo "magnus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Große" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Große Mittweida'' seu ''Mitteweida'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Nigra Aqua (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Nigra Aqua Muldae]]<ref name="Nigra Aqua"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Morre (Billbach)|Morre]] | | ''Morre'' seu ''Saubach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Billbach (Muda)|Billbach]]<ref name="Billbach"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Mota (flumen)|Mota]]<ref name="Mota">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehe#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) 786 wird der Fluss als ''Motam'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | |''Mehe'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Murga (Nigra silva meridionalis)|Murga Nigra Silvae Meridionalis]]<ref name=Gr/> | |''Murg'' seu ''Hauensteiner Murg'' seu ''Obere Murg'' seu ''Murgbach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Natergowe]]<ref name="Natergowe">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notter_(Unstrut)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Flussname erscheint erstmals im Jahr 997 als Gauname ''Natergowe'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Notter'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Nava (Schleuse)|Nava Schleusensis]]<ref name="Nava Schleusensis">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo Rhenano. Hoc de ultimo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahe_(Rhein) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die '''Nahe''' (lateinisch ''Nava'', ursprünglich keltisch ''Wilder Fluss'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Nahe'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Schleuse]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Nigra Aqua (Presnitium)|Nigra Aqua Presnitzensis]]<ref name="Nigra Aqua Presnitzensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur "Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Schwarzwasser'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Presnitium (flumen)|Presnitium]]<ref name="-itium"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Nyeste]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Nieste'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ostenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Na de Owe<ref name="Na de Owe">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostenau#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die ersten schriftlichen Namensbelege des Gewässers sind „na de Owe“ (1512) (...)".</ref> | ''Ostenau'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]<ref name="Arle"/> | [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]<ref name="Arle"/> |- | [[Radaha Fera]]<ref name="Radaha Fera">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivo "ferus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Wilde" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Wilde Rodach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Radaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rotbacum (Rhenus)|Rotbacum Rheni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Rotbach'' seu ''Vennbach'' seu ''Ebersbach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rotina (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Rotina Muldae Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="Rotina Muldae Zviccaviensis">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis ex hydronymis "Rotina" seu "Rotene". His de hydronymis, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Rödelbach Steinach (Lkr. Sonneberg, Thüringen, D), mündet in Rödental (Lkr. Coburg, Bayern). – /rü5dn/, ON. Mönchröden (Stadt Rödental, Lkr. Coburg), 1108 (Kopie 12. Jh.) Rotina, 1171 Rotene (...)".</ref> | Rotene Muldae Zviccaviensis | ''Rödelbach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Savus Ferus]]<ref name="Savus Ferus">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex paronymo flumine etymologice relato [[Savus|Savo]] seu Sao. Cui ultimo, vide [[:de:Wilde Sau (Fluss)#Name]], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name ist wahrscheinlich slawischen Ursprungs, was auch die Namen benachbarter Elbezuflüsse nahelegen. Es könnte dieselbe sprachliche Wurzel wie bei dem Donauzufluss Sava/Save zugrunde liegen (...)". "Savus" est versio Latina Theodisci hydronymi ''Save''. Adiectivo "parvus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum ''Kleine'' vertiturAdiectivo "ferus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Wilde" vertitur.</ref> | Saus Ferus<ref name="Savus Ferus"/> | ''Wilde Sau'' seu ''Saubach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Sechta Unterschneidheimensis]]<ref name="Unterschneidheimensis">Gentilicium "Unterschneidheimensis" ad oppidum [[Unterschneidheim]] refertur.</ref> | |''Schneidheimer Sechta'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Agira (Werenza)|Agira Werenzae]]<ref name="Agira"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Seebacum (Radiantia)|Seebacum Radiantiae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Canalis inter Moenum et Danubium]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Steinhaha (Neckarsteinach)|Steinhaha Neckarsteinachensis]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Steinaha Neckarsteinachensis<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Steinach'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sulaha (Weraha)|Sulaha Werahae]]<ref name="Sulaha">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Suhl, l.z. Werra (...) in fluvium Sulaha (...)".</ref> | | ''Suhl'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Sydene]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Siede'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Owe Magnum]]<ref name="Owe Magnum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Watter]] | |''Watter'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Tuistina (Dimel)|Tuistina]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wida (Zurrega)|Wida Zurregae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Wieda'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Zurrega (flumen)|Zurrega]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Zaberkou]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Zabernahgouwe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Zabernogovi<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Zaberenkowe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Zaber'' | align="right" | 22 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ahbacum (Ara)|Ahbacum Arae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | Alia nomina | ''Ahbach'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ana (flumen)|Ána]]<ref name="Ana">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahne_(Fulda)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Der Erstbeleg des Namens stammt aus dem Jahr 1154 ''fluvium Ána'' (...)".</ref> | |''Ahne'' seu ''Ahna'' seu ''Ahnabach'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ardaha]]<ref name="Ardaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aar_(Dill)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Im Althochdeutschen noch als Ardaha (Erwähnung 856) bezeichnet, (...)".</ref> | |''Aar'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Dillena]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Asdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Asdorf'' seu ''Asdorfer Bach'' seu ''Weibe'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Beke]] | |''Beke'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Warnou]]<ref name="Warnou"/> | [[Warnou]]<ref name="Warnou"/> |- | [[Beysa]]<ref name="Beysa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beise_(Fulda)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird 1521 erstmals urkundlich genannt (''Beysa'') (...)".</ref> | |''Beise'' seu ''Beisebach'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Chinzechun Parvum]]<ref name="Chinzechun Parvum">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinzig_(Rhein)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) 1099: ''ad Chinzechun; ad aliam Chinzichun''[6] 1128: ''flumen'' [Fluss] ''Kinzicha, flumen Kynzichun, ad aliam Kynzicham'' (...)" Adiectivo "parvus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Kleine" vertitur.</ref> | Chinzichun Parvum<ref name="Chinzechun Parvum"/> seu Kinzicha Parva<ref name="Chinzechun Parvum"/> seu Kynzichun Parvum<ref name="Chinzechun Parvum"/> seu Kynzicha Parva<ref name="Chinzechun Parvum"/> |''Kleine Kinzig'' seu ''Reinerzau'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Demester]]<ref name="Demester">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emster_Kanal#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die mittelalterlichen Bezeichnungen für das Gewässer waren ''Demester'' (1351), ''Dempstar'' (1374), ''Demster'' (1380) und ''deinster'' (1441/45) (...)".</ref> | Dempstar seu Demster seu Deinster |''Emster Kanal'' seu ''Emster Gewässer'' seu ''Emster'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Elsanpah]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Elsinpah<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Elsenbach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Elsenpach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Elsinbach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Kaiserbach'' seu ''Kappelbach'' seu ''Elsenbach'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Clingbacus (Michelsbacum)|Clingbacus]]<ref name="Kremer 1769"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gilse]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Gilsa'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Sualmanaha]]<ref name="Sualmanaha"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Kerkerbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Kerkerbach'' seu ''Hüttenbach'' seu ''Fensterbach'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lossa (Mulda)|Lossa]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Lossa'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Mulda|Mulda Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Muche]]<ref name="Muche">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauch_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird 1293 als Muche erstmals urkundlich erwähn (...)".</ref> | |''Mauch'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Agira (Werenza)|Agira Werenzae]]<ref name="Agira"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Navia (Danubius)|Navia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Nau'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Odeborn]] | | ''Odeborn'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Phiopha]]<ref name="Phiopha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfieffe_(Fulda)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der gleichnamige Ort Pfieffe wird 1037 als ''Phiopha'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Pfieffe'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Pöhlwasser]] | |''Pöhlwasser'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Mittweida Magna]]<ref name="Große"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Prime]]<ref name="Prime">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prim_(Neckar)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) („iuxta aquam … Prime“) (...)".</ref> | |''Prim'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Radavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Radowe<ref name="Radau"/> seu Radow<ref name="Radau"/> seu Radaw<ref name="Radau"/> seu Radau<ref name="Radau">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radau_(Fluss)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erwähnt wurde der Fluss 1308 bzw. 1325 als ''Radowe'', 1570 als ''Radow'', 1578 als ''Radaw'' und ebenfalls 1578 als ''Radau'' (...)".</ref> |''Radau'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Ovacra]]<ref name="Ovacra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rodava]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Rodawe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Rodau'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Withaa]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rotach (Werenza)|Rotach Werenzae]] | | ''Rotach'' seu ''Rotbach'' seu ''Rothach'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Werenza]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Ruda (flumen)|Ruda]]<ref name="Ruda">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauda_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Gewässer wurde im Jahr 1266 als ''Ruda'' erstmals schriftlich genannt (...)".</ref> | |''Rauda'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rysele]]<ref name="Rysele">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(Nethe)#Historische_Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die ''Aa'' hatte im Mittelalter den Namen ''Riesel''. So erscheint sie in ihrem ersten schriftlichen Beleg von 1326 als „in fluvius … Rysele“, (...)".</ref> | |''Aa'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Nethe (Visurgis)|Nethe]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Sall (flumen)|Sall]] | |''Sall'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sulzaha]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Solza<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Sulza<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Solz'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Suntraha]]<ref name="Suntraha">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Sontra (Werdorf, synkopiert > *Sorsdorf, vereinfacht > *S¯osdorf. – ra-Meißner-Kreis), 1232 Suntraha, 1269 Suntrahe, Sperber, HG.A.5, S. 90. 1271 Sunthra, 1273 Suntra (und weitere Belege), 14. Jh. Sontra (...)".</ref> | Suntrahe<ref name="Suntraha"/> seu Sunthra<ref name="Suntraha"/> seu Suntra<ref name="Suntraha"/> seu Sontra<ref name="Suntraha"/> |''Sontra'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Wehre (Weraha)|Wehre Werahae]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Terueke]]<ref name="Terueke">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarpenbek#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ältesten überlieferten urkundlichen Erwähnungen des Gewässers sind ''Terueke'' (1245 und 1263), ''Terveke'' (1266) und ''Terweke'' (1325), was sich über ''Tarwe'' zu ''Tarpe'' entwickelte (...)".</ref> | Terveke<ref name="Terueke"/> seu Terweke<ref name="Terueke"/> |''Tarpenbek'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Alstria]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Thidela]]<ref name="Thidela">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deilbach#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Die ersten schriftlichen Belege des Deilbachs sind Thidela (875) und Thithelam (11. Jh.) (...)".</ref> | Thithela<ref name="Thidela"/> |''Deilbach'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Trotzbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Trotzbach'' seu ''Schledde'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wissaha (Tegarinseo)|Wissaha Tegarinseonensis]]<ref name="Wissaha">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Wissha<ref name="Wissaha"/> |''Weißach'' | align="right" | 21 | [[Tegarinseo]]<ref name="Tegernsee">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegernsee#Namensgebung hoc de lacū apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name des Sees ist erstmals in der Form Tegarinseo aus dem Jahr 796 überliefert, als die fürstlichen Brüder Oatkar und Adalbert ein Kloster am tegarin seo, das ist althochdeutsch und heißt großer See, gründeten (...)".</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Bada (Wippera)|Bada Wipperae]]<ref name="Bada">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bode_(Wipper)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "Der Erstbeleg ist aus dem Jahr 749 (''Bada'') (...)".</ref> | |''Bode'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Wippera (Onestrudis)|Wippera]]<ref name="Wippera Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Barnitium]]<ref name="-itium"/> | |''Barnitz'' seu ''Sult'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Horbinstenon]]<ref name="Beste">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beste hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich wurde der Fluss erstmals bereits 1075 als ''Horbinstenon'' in einer Beschreibung des Limes Saxoniae erwähnt (...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung des Flusses fand 1263 als ''Bestene'' statt (...)".</ref> | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Grobion]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Grob<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Verlorenwasser'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Buckavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Hora (Aphilste)|Hora Aphilstensis]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Ora Aphilstensis<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Ohra'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Aphilste]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Hospira]]<ref name="Hospira">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hochspeyerbach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der mittelalterliche Name ''Hospira'' des Hochspeyerbachs ist bereits im 10. Jahrhundert nachgewiesen; er leitete sich möglicherweise vom Speyerbach (''Spira, Spiraha'') ab (...)".</ref> | Spiraha |''Hochspeyerbach'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]<ref name="Spira"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Huttenbacum (Naba)|Huttenbacum Nabae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hüttenbach'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Naba]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Naba"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Ieckenbacus]]<ref name="Widder 1786">Widder, J. G. (1786). ''Versuch einer vollständigen Geographisch-Historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz am Rheine''.</ref> | Gekkinbach<ref name="Fabricius I 1898">Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Der Nahegau und seine Umgebung''. [[Bonna]]e: Behrendt; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz''. Behrend & Co.</ref> seu Geckenbach<ref name="Fabricius I 1898"/> |''Jeckenbach'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]<ref name="Glan Navae"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Iutraha (Rhenus)|Iutraha Rheni]]<ref name="Iutraha Rheni">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itter_(Neckar)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ''Itter'' wird im Jahr 628 (''Iutraha'') erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Der Name enthielt ursprünglich die Endung -aha, was für „Fließgewässer“ steht. (...)" et {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Itter'' seu ''Itterbach'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lahe (flumen)|Lahe]] | |''Lahe'' seu ''Große Aue'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Soeste]] | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Maurine]] | | ''Maurine'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Stepenitium (Trabena)|Stepenitium Trabenae]]<ref name="-itium"/> | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Netha|Netha Hassae]]<ref name="Netha Hassae">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nette_(Innerste)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) 1149 wurde der Fluss als „iuxta Netham“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Nette'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Hassa]]<ref name="Hassa"/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Oese (Hune)|Oese]] | |''Oese'' seu ''Gelmecke'' seu ''Heppingser Bach'' seu ''Sundwiger Bach'' seu ''Hemer-Bach'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Hune]]<ref name="Hune"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Pernaffa]]<ref name="Pernaffa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perf hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wird der Fluss im Jahre 913 als ''Pernaffa'', und er gab dem Perfgau (''pagus Pernaffa'') (...)".</ref> | |''Perf'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rotbacum (Dreisima)|Rotbacum Dreisimae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Rotbach'' seu ''Zartenbach'' seu ''Löffeltalbach'' seu ''Höllenbach'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Dreisima]]<ref name="Dreisima"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sechta Rohilingenensis]]<ref name="Rohilingenensis">Gentilicium "Rohilingenensis" ad Rohilingen refertur. Hoc de toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6hlingen#Geschichte eius articulum apud Vicipaaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in vico Rohilingen'' (...)".</ref> | |''Röhlinger Sechta'' seu ''Sechta'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sulza (Albis)|Sulza Albis]]<ref name="Sulza">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) ON. Sülze (Stadt Rösrath, Rheinisch-Bergiae. ge-sod ‘Gericht’, as. soth ‘Fleischbrühe’, afr. scher Kreis), mündet nach 24,7km bei Lohmar soth ‘Brühe’, ahd. ki-sod ‘Gericht’), metaphorische (Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, NRW). – 1182 molendina in Sulza (...)".</ref> | |''Sülze'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ziese]] | |''Ziese'' | align="right" | 20 | [[Lutense]]<ref name="Lutense"/> | [[Penus]]<ref name=Gr/> |} ===Flumina inter 19 et 15 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 19 et 15 chiliometra aut amplius longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Aha Rordorfensis]]<ref name="Aha Rordorfensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783258481142_A43727966/preview-9783258481142_A43727966.pdf FLüsse der Alpen: Vielfalt in Natur und Kultur]. Gentilicio "Rordorfensis-e" ad [[Rodorfium]] (Theodisce ''Rodorf'') refertur. Cui ultimo toponymo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohrdorf_(am_Inn)#Geschichte hoc de oppido apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wurde Rohrdorf 788 in der Notitia Arnonis, einer Aufstellung aller Güter und Besitzungen der Kirche Salzburg auf herzoglich-bayerischem Gebiet anlässlich der Eingliederung Bayerns in das Frankenreich Karls des Großen. Darin genannt sind auch die beiden heute eingemeindeten Dörfer Höhenmoos und Lauterbach, die seinerzeit ebenfalls bereits Kirchdörfer waren. Die damaligen Ortsbezeichnungen lauteten: Rordorf, (...)".</ref> | | ''Rohrdorfer Achen'' seu ''Achen'' seu ''Weißenbach'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Alnaha (flumen)|Alnaha]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Allanaher<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Alnahe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Allna'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aqua Mutinensis]]<ref name="Aqua Mutinensis">Nomine "Aqua" Theodiscum nomen ''Wasser'' et gentilicio "Mutinensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium "Mutzschener" vertitur. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Mutzschener Wasser'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Mulda|Mulda Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Audan (Layna)|Audan Laynae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Aue'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Bastavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Bastauwe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Bastau'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Fintavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Fintau'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Wemma]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hanfpach]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Hanfbach'' seu ''Irmerother Bach'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Humme]] | | ''Humme'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Iutraha (Dimel)|Iutraha Dimelensis]]<ref name="Iutraha Dimelensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Itter'' seu ''Itterbach'' seu ''Itterbecke'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Dimel]]<ref name="Dimel"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lisba (flumen)|Lisba]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Lisburnensis<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Liese'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Hassenbeck]]<ref name="Hassenbeck"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lutra (Itessa)|Lutra Itessae]]<ref name="Lutra"/> | | ''Lauter'' seu ''Lauterbach'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Itessa]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Metime|Metimé]]<ref name="Metime">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mettma#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Gewässer wurde 1111 als ''fluvii Metimé'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | |''Mettma'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Schlucht]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Muglbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | Mohelnský seu Mohelenský |''Muglbach'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Wundreb (flumen)|Wundreb]]<ref name="Wundreb"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Munzbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Münzbach'' seu ''Loßnitzbach'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Mulda Fribergensis]]<ref name="MF"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Orpe]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Urppe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Orpe'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Dimel]]<ref name="Dimel"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Owe Parvum Radense]]<ref name="Owe Parvum Radense">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan". De hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur "(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)". Adiectivo "parvum" Theodiscum adiectivum "Kleine" vertitur. Gentilicium "Radense" ad [[Radena]]m refertur; hoc de toponymo, vide: Büsching, A. F. (1768). ''A New System of Geography: Containing a Particular Description of the Quarters of the World''. Londinii: T. Lowndes; hoc de gentilicio, vide: Binterim, A. J., & Mooren, J. H. (1830). ''Die alte und neue Erzdiözese Köln in ihrer ehemaligen Ausdehnung''. Simon Müller.</ref> | Audan Parvum Radense<ref name="Owe Parvum Radense"/> | ''Kleine Aue'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Owe Magnum]]<ref name="Owe Magnum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ramme (flumen)|Ramme]] | | ''Ramme'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rota (Ambra)|Rota Ambrae]]<ref name="Rota Ambrae">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rott_(Amper)#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Rott wird um 1065 in der Wessobrunner Gründungslegende als ''Rota'' bezeugt (...)".</ref> | |''Rott'' seu ''Rottgraben'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Sorpe (Röhr)|Sorpe Röhrense]]<ref name="Sorpe">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) 1307 iuxta rivum … Sorpe (...)".</ref> | Suropo Röhrensis<ref name="Suropo"/> seu Sorbece Röhrense<ref name="Suropo"/> seu Sorp Röhrense<ref name="Suropo"/> | ''Sorpe'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Röhr]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sule (flumen)|Sule]] | | ''Sule'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Owe Magnum]]<ref name="Owe Magnum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wilstra]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Wilstera<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wilstere<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wilstria<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Wilsterau'' seu ''Wilster Au'' | align="right" | 19 | [[Stora]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Zahme Gera]] | | [[Zahme Gera]] | align="right" | 19 | [[Hiera]]<ref name="Hiera"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Aha Berchtesgadenensis]]<ref name="Aha Berchtesgadenensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783258481142_A43727966/preview-9783258481142_A43727966.pdf FLüsse der Alpen: Vielfalt in Natur und Kultur]. Gentilicium "Berchtesgadenensis-e" ad [[Berchtesgaden]] refertur.</ref> | Albe Berchtesgadenense<ref name="Albe Berchtesgadenense">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berchtesgadener_Ache hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Um 1815 wurde der Fluss noch als ''Albe'' (...)". Gentilicium "Berchtesgadenensis-e" ad [[Berchtesgaden]] refertur.</ref> |''Berchtesgadener Ache'' seu ''Königsseeache'' seu ''Alm'' seu ''Almbach'' seu ''Albe'' seu ''Niedere Al | align="right" | 18 | [[Salzaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Ahle (Schwülme)|Ahle Schwülmense]] | |''Ahle'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Schwülme]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Armuthsbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Armuthsbach'' seu ''Armutsbach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Baarbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Baarbach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Rura]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bahra (Gotlaviae)|Bahra Gotlaviae]] | |''Bahra'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Gotlavia]]<ref name="Gotlavia"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Bekena (Lupia)|Bekena]]<ref name="Bekena">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beke_(Lippe)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird im Mittelalter als ''Bekena'' bezeichnet (...)".</ref> | | ''Beke'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Belina (Albis)|Belina Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | |''Biela'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Boteburon]]<ref name="Boteburon">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottwar#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Es wird angenommen, dass der Name des Flusses von dem der Stadt Großbottwar abgeleitet ist, der bereits im Jahr 779 als ''Boteburon'' und 873 als ''Bodibura'' erwähnt wird. Erstmals 1260 wird der Fluss urkundlich ''Botebor'' genannt (...)".</ref> | Bodibura<ref name="Boteburon"/> seu Botebor<ref name="Boteburon"/> | ''Bottwar'' seu ''Auklingenbach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Murrensis]]<ref name="Murrensis"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Brugga (Dreisima)|Brugga Dreisimae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Nomen Theodiscum'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Dreisima]]<ref name="Dreisima"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Diesse]] | |''Dieße'' seu ''Diesse'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Ilmede]]<ref name="Ilmede"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Frioda (Weraha)|Frioda Werahae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Frieda'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Gelster]] | |''Gelster'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hasalaha (Mintela)|Hasalaha Mintelae]]<ref name="Hasalaha Mintelae">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo e hydronymo. Hoc de hydronymo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasel_(Werra)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 824 als Hasalaha erstmals schriftlich genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Hasel'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Mintela]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Helere]]<ref name="Helere">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haller_(Fluss)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Schreibung: Helere (10.–11. Jahrhundert) (...)".</ref> | |''Haller'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lesnitz Magnum]]<ref name="Lesnitz Magnum">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo urbe Theodisce ''Lößnitz''. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268003452.pdf Historisches Ortsnamenbuch von Sachsen], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Lößnitz''' Stadt nö. Aue; Aue-Schwarzenberg (AKr. Aue) (1238) K 1533 Fridericus de Lesnitz (...)". Adiectivo "magnum" Theodiscum adiectivum "Große" vertitur</ref> | | ''Große Lößnitz'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Flöha]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Lutraha]]<ref name="Lutraha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCtter#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die ''Lütter'' wurde im Jahr 826 als ''Lutraha'' erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Lütter'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Owe Parvum Barenburgense]]<ref name="Owe Parvum Barenburgense">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan". De hydronymis "Owe" et "Audan" vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur "(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)". Adiectivo "parvum" Theodiscum adiectivum "Kleine" vertitur. Gentilicium "Barenburgense" ad [[Barenburgum]] in [[Circulus Diepholz|Circulo Thefholte]] refertur.</ref> | Audan Parvum Barenburgense<ref name="Owe Parvum Barenburgense"/> | ''Kleine Aue'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Owe Magnum]]<ref name="Owe Magnum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Parthanus]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Parthanum<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Partanus<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Partanum<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Partnach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Liubasa]]<ref name="Liubasa"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Perlenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | |''Perlenbach'' seu ''Schwalmbach'' seu ''Perlbach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivulus Niger Klingengrabenensis]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger"/> | |''Schwarzbach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Klingengraben (Vutahe)|Klingengraben Vutahense]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ranschgraben]] | |''Ranschgraben'' seu ''Erbsengraben'' seu ''Waldgraben'' seu ''Bruchgraben'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Rehbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Raodhaha (Lein)|Raodhaha Leinensis]]<ref name="Raodhaha Leinensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymis fluminibus. Quibus ultimis, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Oberrot&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch].</ref> | Rotaha Leinensis<ref name="Raodhaha Leinensis"/> seu Rota Leinensis<ref name="Raodhaha Leinensis"/> |''Rot'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Lein (Cochera)|Lein]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rinne Königseense|Rinne Königseënse]]<ref name="Königseënse">Gentilicium "Königseënse" ad oppidum [[Königsee]] in [[Circulus terrae Salfeldensis et Rudolphopolitanus|Circulo Salfeldensi-Rudolphopolitano]] refertur.</ref> | |''Königseer Rinne'' seu ''Rinne'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rivus Nonensis]]<ref name="Rivus Nonensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Nonensis-e" ad oppidum [[Nona (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Nonam]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide: Browerus, C., & Masenius, J. (1670). ''Antiquitatum et annalium Trevirensium libri XXV''. Henricus Dehmen; et: Browerus, C., & Masenius, J. (1670). Antiquitatum et annalium Trevirensium libri XXV (Vol. 2). Coloniae Agrippinae: Joannis Wilhelmi Friessem.</ref> | |''Nohner Bach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Trierbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rohrbacum (Fuldaha)|Rohrbacum Fuldahae]]<ref name="Rohrbacum Fuldahae">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | |''Rohrbach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rohrbacum (Saravus)|Rohrbacum Saravi]]<ref name="Rohrbacum Saravi">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Rohrbach'' seu ''Scheidter Bach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Saravus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schweinitium]]<ref name="-itium"/> | Svídnice |''Schweinitz'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Flöha]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Tribisa Parva]]<ref name="Tribisa Parva">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Triebisch'' dicto. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivo "parvus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Kleine" vertitur.</ref> | |''Kleine Triebisch'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Tribisa]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Tyra (flumen)|Tyra]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Thira<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Thyra'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Helmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Walhalben]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Walhalbin<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Walhalbe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Wallhalb'' seu ''Wallhalbe'' seu ''Wallalbe'' seu ''Wallalb'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Burchalben]]<ref name="Burchalben"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Warnavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Warnau'' seu ''Schneebach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Böhme (flumen)|Böhme]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Weiß (Sega)|Weiß]] | |''Weiß'' seu ''Weißbach'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Sega]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wiesaz]] | | ''Wiesaz'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Steinlach]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wilisch (flumen)|Wilisch]] | |''Wilisch'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Scopa (flumen)|Scopa]]<ref name="Albinus 1590"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Wizmoin]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Wizmone<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wizmoune<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wizmoven<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Weismain'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wohlrose]] | |''Wohlrose'' | align="right" | 18 | [[Ilmena]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Aschbacum (Werma)|Aschbacum Wermae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Aschbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Werma]]<ref name="Werma"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Augraben (Nebula)|Augraben Nebulae]]<ref name="Augraben Nebulae">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo. Cui ultimo, vide [https://documente.bcucluj.ro/web/bibdigit/fg/BCUCLUJ_FG_115352_1907_004.pdf Ente Istorice], ubi dicitur "(...) in rivulum, qui dicitur Augraben, et in rivulo (...)".</ref> | | ''Augraben'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Nebula (flumen Germanicum)|Nebula]]<ref name="Nebula"/> | [[Warnou]]<ref name="Warnou"/> |- | [[Biberaha (Kincicha)|Biberaha Kincichae]]<ref name="Biberaha Kincichae">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Bieber'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Kincicha]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Biberaha (Rotaha)|Biberaha Rotahae]]<ref name="Biberaha Rotahae">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Bieber'' seu ''Bieberbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Rotaha (Moenus)|Rotaha Moeni]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Boda Frigida]]<ref name="Boda Frigida">Fingitur hoc nomen ex adiectivo "frigidus-a-um" -Theodiscum adiectivum ''Kalte'' vertente- et homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Bode''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Kalte Bode'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Boda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Brombacum (Radentia)|Brombacum Radentiae]] | | ''Brombach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Radentia]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bruchbacum (Alara)|Bruchbacum Alarae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Bruchbach'' seu ''Wittbeck'' seu ''Heidbach'' seu ''Grobebach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Alara]]<ref name=Gr/><ref name="Aller"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Bruchgraben (Indistra)|Bruchgraben Indistrae]] | | ''Bruchgraben'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Indistra]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref><ref name="Indistra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ettebach]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Etbach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Epbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Oorana]]<ref name="Oorana"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Katzenbacum (Nicer)|Katzenbacum Niceri]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Katzenbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lichte (flumen)|Lichte]] | | ''Lichte'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Natzschung]] | Načetínský | ''Natzschung'' seu ''Keilbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Flöha]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ovenbach (Glan)|Ovenbach Glanense]]<ref name="Ovenbach Glanense">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohmbach_(Glan)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der gleichnamige Ort Ohmbach wurde im Jahr 977 als ''Ouenbach'' erstmals schriftlich genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Ohmbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]<ref name="Glan Navae"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rankbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Rankbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Vurmicus (Nagalda)|Vurmicus Nagaldae]]<ref name="Vurmicus Nagalda"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Salzbacum (Murga)|Salzbacum Murgae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Salzbach'' seu ''Kröppenbach'' seu ''Buchbach'' seu ''Blümmelbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Murga (Neoburgum)|Murga Neoburgensis]]<ref name="Murga NB"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Vretere]]<ref name="Vretere">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fretterbach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) In den ersten urkundlichen Nennungen wird der Bach als Vretere (1338 und 1387) bezeichnet (...)".</ref> | |''Fretterbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]<ref name="Lena"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Waginstat (flumen)|Waginstat]]<ref name="Waginstat">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex valli homonymā. Latino de nomine huius vallis, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagensteig#Geschichte articulum apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Ort wurde erstmals im Jahr 1125 als ''Waginstat'' erwähnt, wobei es sich hier um einen Personennamen handeln soll (...)".</ref> | | ''Wagensteigbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Dreisima]]<ref name="Dreisima"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wahlebacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Wahlebach'' seu ''Wahle'' seu ''Fahrenbach'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Welpia (Alapa)|Welpia]]<ref name="Wölpe">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Welepa<ref name="Wölpe"/><ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wilipia<ref name="Wölpe"/><ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wilepa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wilippia<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wilpa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wilipa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Welpa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Welipa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Welepe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> |''Wölpe'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Alapa]]<ref name="Alapa"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wilde (Adrana)|Wilde Adranae]] | | ''Wilde'' seu ''Wölfte'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wuhle]] | | ''Wuhle'' | align="right" | 17 | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Adenova]]<ref name="Adenova">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenauer_Bach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde 992 als ''adenoua fluvius'' erstmals erwähnt, (...)".</ref> | | ''Adenauer Bach'' seu ''Breidscheider Bach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bahre]] | | ''Bahre'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Seidewitium (flumen)|Seidewitium]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Biberaha (Huna)|Biberaha Hunae]]<ref name="Biberaha Hunae">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Bieber'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Huna]]<ref name="Huna"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Buchenbacum (Moenus)|Buchenbacum Moeni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Buchenbach'' seu ''Mühlbach'' seu ''Riedgraben'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bunzavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Bünzau'' seu ''Bünzer Au'' seu ''Bünzener Au'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Stora]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Charbach (Moenus)|Charbach Moeni]]<ref name="Charbach Moeni">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e toponymo. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Argen&f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur "(...) 853 in loco ... Charbach, 1155 in Karebach, 13. Jh. Charebach (...)".</ref> | Karebach seu Charebach | ''Karbach'' seu ''Egerbach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Chemnitzbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Chemnitzbach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Mulda Fribergensis]]<ref name="MF"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Daade]] | | ''Daade'' seu ''Daadenbach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Helre]]<ref name="Helre"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Eitarhaha]]<ref name="Eitarhaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitrach_(Donau)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name tritt im Jahr 770 in Form eines Gaunamens (''pago Eitrahuntal'') und 806 als Fluss selbst (''super fluvium Eitarhaha'') erstmals schriftlich in Erscheinung (...)".</ref> | ''Eitrahuntal''<ref name="Eitarhaha"/> |''Aitrach'' seu ''Baaralb'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Elta (flumen)|Elta]] | | ''Elta'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Ette (flumen)|Ette]] | | ''Ette'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Espolde]] | | ''Espolde'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Grümpen]] | | ''Grümpen'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Itessa]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kehlbacum (Andolfspach)|Kehlbacum Andolfspachense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Kehlbach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Andolfspach]]<ref name="Andolfspach"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Lempe]] | | ''Lempe'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Esse (Dimel)|Esse Dimelis]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lutra (Murrensis)|Lutra Murrensis]]<ref name="Lutra"/> | | ''Lauter'' seu ''Spiegelberger Lauter'' seu ''Sommerlauter'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Murrensis]]<ref name="Murrensis"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lutra (Vilisa)|Lutra Vilisae]]<ref name="Lutra"/> | | ''Lauter'' seu ''Degenfelder Lauter'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Vilisa (Nicer)|Vilisa Niceri]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Marsbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Marsbach'' seu ''Morsbach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Billbach (Muda)|Billbach]]<ref name="Billbach"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Oelsabacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Oelsabach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Rubrum Bistrice]]<ref name="Rubrum Bistrice"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rigenbach (Glan)|Rigenbach Glanense]]<ref name="Rigenbach">Fingitur hoc nomen suis ex homonymis fluminibus. Quibus ultimis, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Reichenbach&f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Reichenbach''', r.z. Fils (...) in Richenbach (...) '''Reichenbach''' (z. Simmerbach (...) usque in Rigen-bach, an Rigenbach deorsum (...)".</ref> | Richenbach Glanense<ref name="Rigenbach"/> | ''Reichenbach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]<ref name="Glan Navae"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivus Godesbergensis]]<ref name="Rivus Godesbergensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Godesbergensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium ''Godesberger'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Godesberger Bach'' seu ''Arzdorfer Bach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rottach (Hilaria, Rettenberg)|Rottach Hilariae Rettenbergense]]<ref name="Rettenbergensis">Gentilicium Latinum "Rettenbergensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium ''Rettenberger'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Rottach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]<ref name="Hilaria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Saidenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Saidenbach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Flöha]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Seltenbacum (Niceri)|Seltenbacum Niceri]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seltenbach'' seu ''Sandegraben'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Suale]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Schwale'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Stora]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Trettach]] | | ''Trettach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]<ref name="Hilaria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Welzbacum (Moenus)|Welzbacum Moeni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Welzbach'' seu ''Pflaumbach'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ymene]]<ref name="Ymene">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihme#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''supra aquam dictam Ymene'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Ihme'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Zarovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Zarow'' | align="right" | 16 | [[Lacuna Stetinensis]] | [[Zarovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> |- | [[Affeldrahe]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Affalteren<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Affeltre<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Affeltere<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Effelder'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Itessa]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Alestra secunda|Alestra Secunda]]<ref name="Alestra Secunda">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzbach_(Wei%C3%9Fe_Elster)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) (''1122 Alestra secunda, 1165 Helstre inferius'') (...)".</ref> | Helstre Inferius<ref name="Alestra Secunda"/> | ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Kleine Elster'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Amlake]]<ref name="Amlake">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmelke hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung der Emmelke war 1185 als ''Amlake'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Emmelke'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Medemahem]]<ref name="Medemahem"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Angere (Ambra)|Angere Ambrae]]<ref name="Angere Ambrae">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Angere Rheni. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch'']</ref> | Angeren Ambrae<ref name="Angere Ambrae"/> seu Angera Ambrae<ref name="Angere Ambrae"/> seu Anger Ambrae<ref name="Angere Ambrae"/> seu Angero Ambrae<ref name="Angero Ambrae">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Angere Rheni. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anger_(Rhein)#Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die früheste bekannte urkundliche Erwähnung unter dem Namen ''Angero'' stammt aus dem Jahr 875 (...)".</ref> | ''Angerbach'' seu ''Ramseer Bach'' seu ''Stadtbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Bramavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Bramau'' seu ''Stellau'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Stora]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Brunnisach]] | | ''Brunnisach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Lacus Bodamicus]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Deinaha]]<ref name="Deinaha">Vide ''Acta Sanctorum. Index Topographicus'', ubi dicitur "(...) Deinaha ''Teinach'', flumen in Germania (...)".</ref> | | ''Teinach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gauchsbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Gauchsbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Swareza]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gornitzbacum (Alestra)|Gornitzbacum Alestrae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Görnitzbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Halbleche]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | |''Halblech'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Licus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Hardtbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hardtbach'' seu ''Der Alte Bach'' seu ''Dransdorfer Bach'' seu ''Rheindorfer Bach'' seu ''Mondorfer Bach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hergstbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hergstbach'' seu ''Hergstgraben'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Horbinstenon]]<ref name="Beste"/> | Bestene<ref name="Beste"/> | ''Beste'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Hundem]] | | ''Hundem'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]<ref name="Lena"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Liersbacum (Ara)|Liersbacum Arae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Liersbach'' seu ''Rosensiefen'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lobbacum (Elisinza)|Lobbacum Elisinzae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Lobbach'' seu ''Maienbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Elisinza]]<ref name="Elisinza"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Maade]] | | ''Maade'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Sinus Iathanus]]<ref name="Petrus Lucusaltianus">[http://www.lateinlexikon.com ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum vel Vocabularium Latinitatis Huius Aetatis''], auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo.</ref> | [[Maade]] |- | [[Mohrbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Mohrbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]<ref name="Glan Navae"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Morsbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Morsbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Wippera]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Neyrthere (flumen)|Neyrthere]]<ref name="Neyrthere">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neerdar_(Willingen)#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die älteste bekannte schriftliche Erwähnung von Neerdar erfolgte unter dem Namen ''Neyrthere'' im Jahr 1244.^[3] Ein ''Regenhardus de Neyrthere'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Neerdar'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Aa Fera]]<ref name="Aa Fera"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ösper]] | | ''Ösper'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Presnitz (flumen)|Presnitz]]<ref name="Presnitz">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Přísečnice#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur "(...) quae ducit de oppido Presnitz (...)".</ref> | |''Preßnitz'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Scopa (flumen)|Scopa]]<ref name="Albinus 1590"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Raodhaha Rechenbergensis]]<ref name="Raodhaha Rechenbergensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Oberrot&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch]. Gentilicio "Rechenbergensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium "Rechenberger" vertitur.</ref> | Rotaha Rechenbergensis<ref name="Raodhaha Rechenbergensis"/> seu Rota Rechenbergensis<ref name="Raodhaha Rechenbergensis"/> | ''Rechenberger Rot'' seu ''Rotbach'' seu ''Gunzenbach'' seu ''Buchbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rhene (Dimel)|Rhene Dimelense]] | | ''Rhene'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Dimel]]<ref name="Dimel"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rivus Ahrenhorstensis]]<ref name="Rivus Ahrenhorstensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Ahrenhorstensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium ''Ahrenhorster'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Ahrenhorster Bach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Werse]]<ref name="Werse"/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rosenbacum (Filisa)|Rosenbacum Filisae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Rosenbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Filisa (Naba)|Filisa Nabae]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Salzbacum (Rhenus)|Salzbacum Rheni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | Alia nomina | ''Salzbach'' seu ''Rambach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sarna (flumen)|Sarna]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Sarno<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Sarnus<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Sarnum<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Sahrbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Strudelbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Strudelbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Enze]]<ref name="Enze"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Twista (Osta)|Twista Ostae]]<ref name="Twista Ostae">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Twiste''. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Arlau (...) prope Twistam (...) Tuistai, (963–1037, Kopie 15. Jh.) (...) Tuistina (...) in Tuista, 1127 in Tviste, 1235 (Kopie) de Twiste, 1240 HG.A.14, S. 419. (Kopie 14./15. Jh.) de Tuiste, 1251 in Thuiste, de Thuiste, 1257 de Twiste (und weitere Belege), 1310 in Twer- ¢ quer-. Duiste, (um 1350) prope tuisten (...)".</ref> | Tuistina Ostae seu Tuistai Ostae seu Tuista Ostae seu Twiste Ostae seu Tuiste Ostae seu Thuiste Ostae seu Tuisten Ostae | ''Twiste'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Waldangelbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Waldangelbach'' seu ''Angelbach'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Leimbach (Rhenus, Bruowele)|Leimbach Rheni Bruowelense]]<ref name="Bruowelense"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wellingbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Wellingbach'' | align="right" | 15 | ? | ? |- | [[Wochniza]]<ref name="Wochniza">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakenitz hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Chronist Helmold von Bosau erwähnt sie Mitte des 12. Jahrhunderts in seiner ''Chronica Slavorum'' unter den Bezeichnungen ''wochniza'' oder ''wochenice'' (...)".</ref> | Wochenice<ref name="Wochniza"/> | ''Wakenitz'' | align="right" | 15 | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Trabena]]<ref name=Gr/> |} ===Flumina 14 et 10 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina 14 et 10 chiliometra longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Aabacum (Affata)|Aabacum Affatae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Aabach'' seu ''Aa'' seu ''Große Aa'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Affata]]<ref name="Affata"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ach Trauchgauense]]<ref name="Trauchgauense">Gentilicio "Trauchgauensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium "Trauchgauer" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Trauchgauer Ach'' seu ''Ach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Halbleche]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Aqua Crinitzensis]]<ref name="Aqua Crinitzensis">Substantivum "Aqua-ae" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Wasser'' vertit et gentilicium "Crinitzensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium ''Crinitzer'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Crinitzer Wasser'' seu ''Crinitzbach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Rotina (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Rotina Muldae Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="Rotina Muldae Zviccaviensis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Awinpach (Elsava)|Awinpach Elsavae]]<ref name="Awinpach Elsavae">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].</ref> | | ''Aubach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Elsava]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bära Inferior]]<ref name="Bära Inferior">Adiectivo "inferior" Theodiscum adiectivum "Untere" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Untere Bära'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Bära]] | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Belina (Flöha)|Belina Flohae]]<ref name="Belina Flöhae">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Bielabach'' seu ''Biela'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Flöha]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Bistrice]]<ref name="Bistrice">[https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Zur_Geschichte_der_Besiedelung_der_Dresdner_Gegend Zur Geschichte der Besiedelung der Dresdner Gegend], ubi dicitur "Buistrizi ist der urkundliche, mit dem Flußnamen der Weißeritz (Wisteritz, 1206 flumen Bistrice, 1366 Wistricz) zusammenhängende Name des Burgwards (...)".</ref> | Buistrizi<ref name="Bistrice"/> seu Wisteritz<ref name="Bistrice"/> seu Wistricz<ref name="Bistrice"/> | ''Weißeritz'' seu ''Vereinigte Weißeritz'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Blabbergraben]] | | ''Blabbergraben'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Bockavia Magna]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Große"/> | Bockau Magnum<ref name="Große"/> | ''Große Bockau'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Boye (flumen)|Boye]] | | ''Boye'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Amsara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Erle (flumen)|Erle]] | | ''Erle'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Nava (Schleuse)|Nava Schleusensis]]<ref name="Nava Schleusensis"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Fisgobah (Bilerna)|Fisgobah Bilernae]]<ref name="Fisgobah Bilernae">Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_naa002198101_01/_naa002198101_01_0008.php Naamkunde. Jaargang 13], ubi dicitur "(...) 817 Fischach (passim) naast 890 Fisgobah (gen mv.) (...)".</ref> | | ''Fischach'' seu ''Alte Fischach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Bilerna]]<ref name="Bühler"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fossa principalis Buckauensis|Fossa Principalis Buckauensis]]<ref name="Fossa Principalis Buckauensis">Substantivum Latinum "fossa-ae" Theodiscam vocem ''Graben'' et substantivum Latinum "principalis-e" Theodiscum praefixum ''Haupt-'' et gentilicium Latinum "Buckauensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium ''Buckauer'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Buckauer Hauptgraben'' seu ''Kobser Bach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Buckavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Hene]]<ref name="Hene">Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schafbach_(Elbbach)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Bis 1270 trug der Bach den Namen Hene, wovon sich der Ortsname Höhn ableitet (...)".</ref> | | ''Schafbach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Elbbach]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lautenbach (Flöha)|Lautenbach Flöha]]<ref name="Lautenbach">Fingitur huius fluminis nomen homonymo e toponymo. Hoc de topononymo, vide [file:///C:/Users/34622/Downloads/Pars%20III.%20Status%20ecclesiasticus%20regularis%20episcopatus%20Wirceburgensis.pdf ]Pars III. Status ecclesiasticus regularis episcopatus Wirceburgensis, ubi dicitur "(...) ibique abiurata fide et ducta uxore primo civium praetorem, dein praefectum in Lautenbach egit (...)".</ref> | | ''Lautenbach'' seu ''Pfützenbach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Flöha]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Milzisa]]<ref name="Milzisa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BClmisch#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der schriftliche Erstbeleg stammt vermutlich von einer im 11. Jh. gefälschten Urkunde, die in das Jahr 786 datiert wird. Hierin wird ein Fluss als ''Milzisa'' genannt (...)".</ref> | | ''Mülmisch'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Polava]] | Pöhlbach |''Pöhlbach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Scopa (flumen)|Scopa]]<ref name="Albinus 1590"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rivus Casleocanus]]<ref name="Rivus Casleocanus">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Casleocanus-a-um" ad oppidum [[Casleoca]]m refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesseling#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Klosterzelle ''Casleoca'' war (...)".</ref> | | ''Kesselinger Bach'' seu ''Staffeler Bach'' seu ''Blasweiler Bach'' seu ''Auelbach'' seu ''Densbach'' seu ''Heckenbach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivus Weesenensis]]<ref name="Rivus Weesenensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Weesenensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium ''Weesener'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Weesener Bach'' seu ''Lutter'' seu ''Lutterbach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Ursena]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | | [[Rottach (Hilaria, Cambodunum)|Rottach Hilariae Cambodunense]]<ref name="Cambodunense">Gentilicium Latinum "Cambodunensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium ad [[Cambodunum]] refertur.</ref> | | ''Rottach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]<ref name="Hilaria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Schmerach]] | | ''Schmerach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Bilerna]]<ref name="Bühler"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sconibrunno (Licus, Hohenfurch)|Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis]]<ref name="Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) ON. Schonach (Schwarzwald971–um 977) iuxta fontem … Sconibrunno, 833 (Kopie Baar-Kreis, B.-W., D), 1275 Schonach, 1326 Schona, 12. Jh.) super fontem … Schonibrunno (...)".</ref> | Schonibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis<ref name="Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis"/> seu Schonach Lici Hohenfurchensis<ref name="Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis"/> seu Schona Lici Hohenfurchensis<ref name="Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis"/> | ''Schönach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Licus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Sindelbacum (Iages)|Sindelbacum Iagis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Sindelbach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Talbacum (Glan)|Talbacum Glanense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Talbach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]<ref name="Glan Navae"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ulfe (Suntraha)|Ulfe Suntrahae]] | | ''Ulfe'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Suntraha]]<ref name="Suntraha"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Waldaffa]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Waldaphen<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Waldaffe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Walluf'' seu ''Wallufbach'' seu ''Waldaffa'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wieravia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Wierau'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Hassa]]<ref name="Hassa"/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wirsenicz (Alestra)|Wirsenicz Alestrae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Wersnicz Alestrae<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Würschnitzbach'' seu ''Würschnitz'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Yach (Ambrae)|Yach Ambrae]]<ref name="Yach Ambrae">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Yach in Enze influente. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=H%C3%B6fen&f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur " (...) 2Eyach, l.z. Enz (...) ad fluvium ... Yach (...)".</ref> | | ''Eyach'' | align="right" | 14 | [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Aranbach (Muda)|Aranbach Mudae]]<ref name="Aranbach Mudae">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohrenbach_(Mud)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Bach wurde 1012 als ''Aranbach'' erstmals schriftlich genannt(...)".</ref> | | ''Ohrenbach'' seu ''Ohrnbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Muda (flumen)|Muda]]<ref name="Billbach"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Avia Wedelensis]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Wedelense">Gentilicium Latinum "Wedelensis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium ''Wedeler'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Wedeler Au'' seu ''Wedelbeck'' seu ''Wedelbek'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Beber (Ora)|Beber Orae]] | | ''Beber'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Ora (Albis)|Ora Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Birkigsbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Birkigsbach'' seu ''Auegraben'' seu ''Näßlichbach'' seu ''Alte Bach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Kincicha]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Eiderbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Eiderbach'' seu ''Eiderbachgraben'' seu ''Eiterbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Marsbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Farnthrapa]]<ref name="Farnthrapa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felderbach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) 837 ''inter duo flumina ... farnthrapa'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Felderbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Thidela]]<ref name="Thidela"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fluvius Molendinorum (Nicer, Sulza)|Fluvius Molendinorum Niceri]] [[Sulz am Neckar|Sulzae]]<ref name="Fluvius Molendinorum">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine [[Bauzanum|Bauzanensi]]. De hoc flumine, vide [https://www.schloesslmuehle.com/?page_id=2052 17 Mühlen in Bozen – die Geschichte der heutigen Schlösslmühle], ubi dicitur "(...) Die älteste bekannte urkundliche Nennung des Mühlbaches geschieht um 1180-90 und lautet „fluvius molendinorum“, was wörtlich übersetzt „der Wasserlauf der Mühlen“ oder kurz „Mühlbach“ bedeutet (...)". </ref> | Mühlbach<ref name="Mühlbach">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. De hoc flumine, vide www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu, ubi dicitur "(...) Hodie rivus Mühlbach, quem incolae vocant (...)".</ref> | ''Mühlbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Geraha (flumen)|Geraha]]<ref name="Geraha">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Neckargerach#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur "(...) Neckargerach wurde im Jahr 976 erstmals als Geraha erwähnt, was eine gebräuchliche Bezeichnung für ein sprudelndes Gewässer war, und gleichermaßen den Ort als auch das ihn durchfließende Gewässer bezeichnete (...)".</ref> | | ''Seebach'' seu ''Gerach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hehlenriede]] | |''Hehlenriede'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Canalis Alarae]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Fluvius Herschbacus|Herschbacus]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt Glossarium">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). ''Glossarium: Latin-German Place Names''. Regnum Francorum Online.</ref> | Hergispach<ref name="Hergispach">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herschbach#Geschichte articulum huius oppidi apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Es ist anzunehmen, dass dieses Areal schon früher besiedelt wurde, da in der Engerser Chronik 963 ein Ort namens ''Hergispach'' auftaucht. Der Ortsname entwickelt sich über 1267 ''Herincsbach'' (...)".</ref> seu Herincsbach<ref name="Hergispach"/> | ''Herschbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Rivus Casleocanus]]<ref name="Rivus Casleocanus"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Horne (flumen)|Horne]] | | ''Horne'' seu ''Hornebach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kerspe]] | | ''Kerspe'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Wippera]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lierbacum (Reineche)|Lierbacum Reinechense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Lierbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Reineche]]<ref name="Reineche"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Luppa Nova]]<ref name="Luppa Nova">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luppe_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde 1216 als „Luppa fluvio“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)". Adiectivo "novus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Neu" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Neue Luppe'' seu ''Luppe-Kanal'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Alestra]]<ref name="Alestra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Mare (Wiscoz)|Mare Wiscozense]]<ref name="Mare Wiscozense">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. De hoc flumine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Meerbach&f=false Etymologie der Gewässernamen], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Meerbach'' (...) riuum quendam effluentem de Stagno quod vocatur mare, 1250 mari (...)".</ref> | Mari Wiscozense<ref name="Mare Wiscozense"/> | ''Meerbach'' seu ''Schliefenbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Wiscoz]]<ref name="Wiscoz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nesenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Nesenbach'' seu ''Vaihinger Bach'' seu ''Kaltentaler Bach'' seu ''Laisebach'' seu ''Furtbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Nevigisa]]<ref name="Nevigisa">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardenberger_Bach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Ursprünglich hieß der Bach ''Neuigisa'' (875) bzw. ''Navigisa'' (10./11. Jh.) (...)".</ref> | Navigisa<ref name="Nevigisa"/> | ''Hardenberger Bach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Thidela]]<ref name="Thidela"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ose (Nethe)|Ose Nethense]]<ref name="Ose Nethense">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96se_(Nethe) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) „ab utraque parte fluvii Ose“ (...)".</ref> | | ''Öse'' seu ''Oese'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Nethe (Visurgis)|Nethe]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Owe Occidentale]]<ref name="Westaue"/> | | ''Westaue'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Layna]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Pobelbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Pöbelbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Rubrum Bistrice]]<ref name="Rubrum Bistrice"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rivulus Liberorum (flumen)|Rivulus Liberorum]]<ref name="Nietzschmann 2013">Nietzschmann, E. (2013). ''Die Freien auf dem Lande: Ehemalige deutsche Reichsdörfer und ihre Wappen''. [[Guelpherbytum|Guelpherbyti]]: Melchior.</ref> | | ''Freisbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivulus Niger (Amsara)|Rivulus Niger Amsarae]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger"/> | | ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Mühlen Bach'' seu ''Preußische Uraufnahme'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Amsara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rota (Duria)|Rota Duriae]]<ref name="Rota Duriae">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymis oppidis Theodisce ''Roth''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Roth'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Duria (Danubius)|Duria Danubii]]<ref name="Duria"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Slieraha]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/><ref name="Manachfialta"/> | | ''Schlierach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Manachfialta]]<ref name="Manachfialta"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Slitisa (flumen)|Slitisa]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Slidese<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Schlitz'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Steinalp]] | | ''Steinalp'' seu ''Steinalb'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]<ref name="Glan Navae"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Steinhaha (Nicer, Nurtinga)|Steinhaha Niceri]] [[Nurtinga|Nurtingensis]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Steinaha Niceri Nurtingensis<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Steinach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Tiefenbacum (Nicer, Nurtinga)|Tiefenbacum Niceri]]<ref name="-bacum"/> [[Nurtinga|Nurtingense]] | | ''Tiefenbach'' seu ''Saubach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ulmbacum (Kincicha)|Ulmbacum Kincichae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Ulmbach'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Kincicha]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ulvina]]<ref name="Ulvina">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanzelbach#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Kanzelbach wurde erstmals im Jahre 772 als "Uluina", gesprochen [ˈylviːna], erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Röschbach'' seu ''Altenbach'' seu ''Kanzelbach'' seu ''Kandelbach'' seu ''Ilbe'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Ursena Parva]]<ref name="Ursena Parva">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine maiore. Cui ultimo, vide articulum [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=%C3%96rtze&f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch'']. Adiectivo "parvus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum ''Kleine'' vertitur.</ref> | Ursene Parvum<ref name="Ursena Parva"/> | ''Kleine Örtze'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Ursena]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Werbe]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Werve<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Werbe'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Wilzsch]] | | ''Wilzsch'' | align="right" | 13 | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Allerbeeke]] | | ''Allerbeeke'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Owe Magnum]]<ref name="Owe Magnum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Aquaeductus (Ovacra)|Aquaeductus Ovacrae]]<ref name="Aquaeductus Ovacrae">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abzucht_(Oker)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name leitet sich hierbei vom lat. Wort ''aquaeductus'' ab. So lautet die Ersterwähnung des Flusses im Jahr 1271 ''Agetucht'' (...)".</ref> | Agetucht Ovacrae | ''Abzucht'' seu ''Wintertalbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Ovacra]]<ref name="Ovacra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Banefe]] | Bannefe | ''Banfe'' seu ''Oberster Fischelbach'' seu ''Fischelbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Bibara (Schleuse)|Bibara Schleusensis]]<ref name="Bibara Schleusensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://search.ortsnamen.ch/de/record/5029908 ortsnamen.ch], ubi dicitur "(...) et inde sinistrorsum per plateam usque Rammesheim in fluvium Bibara (...)".</ref> | Bibera<ref name="Bibera Schleusensis">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymis e fluviis. De quorum ultimorum nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Biber&f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''] (...)".</ref> seu Biberaha<ref name="Bibera Schleusensis"/> | ''Biber'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Schleuse]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Colmnitzbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Colmnitzbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Bobritzsch (flumen)|Bobritzsch]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Eschbach (Wippera)|Eschbach Wipperae]]<ref name="Eschbach Wipperae">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo e hydronymo. Hoc de hydronymo, vide [https://www.geschichte-nieder-eschbach.de/startseite/nieder-eschbacher-chronik/ Heimat- und Geschichtesverein Nieder-Eschbach], ubi dicitur "(...) „Eschbach inferior“ (...)".</ref> | | ''Eschbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Wippera]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Eselsbacum (Lutra)|Eselsbacum Lutrae]]<ref name="-bacum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-bach'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bacum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Forbacum]], [[Gengenbacum]], [[Lambacum]], [[Muorbacum]], [[Orbacum]], [[Rohrbacum]], [[Rosbacum]], [[Rubeacum]], [[Solisbacum]], [[Swabacum]], [[Abacum (Germania)|Abacum]], [[Brubacum]], [[Corbacum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Eselsbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Lutra (Glanis)|Lutra Glanensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Greifenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Greifenbach'' seu ''Rotes Wasser'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Scopa (flumen)|Scopa]]<ref name="Albinus 1590"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Haselbachium (Saidenbacum)|Haselbachium]]<ref name="Haselbach">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo e toponymo. Hoc de toponymo, vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camena/calam1/calaminusrudolphottocarus.html ''RUDOLPHOTTOCARUS AUSTRIACA TRAGOEDIA GEORGIO CALAMINO SILESIO AUCTORE: ACTUS PRIMUS''], ubi dicitur "(...) et apud Haselbachium (...)".</ref> | | ''Haselbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Saidenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Hedera (flumen)|Hedera]]<ref name="Hedera">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heder#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Heder wird zwischen 836 und 840 erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (''Hedera'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Heder'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Iassaffa (Luder)|Iassaffa Luderensis]]<ref name="Iassaffa">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Jossa'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Luder (flumen)|Luder]]<ref name="Luder"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Itre]]<ref name="Itre">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itter_(Eder)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) ''itre riuus'' (...)".</ref> | | ''Itter'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Adrana]]<ref name="Adrana"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Knochenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Wiggenbach'' seu ''Berlebecke'' seu ''Knochenbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Wachna]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Krebsbacum (Tyra)|Krebsbacum Tyrae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Krebsbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Tyra (flumen)|Tyra]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Kuhbacum (Itre)|Kuhbacum Itrense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Kuhbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Itre]]<ref name="Itre"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lache (Kincicha)|Lache Kincichae]] | | ''Lache'' seu ''Rodenbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Kincicha]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- |- | [[Lutturu (Hardna)|Lutturu Hardnae]]<ref name="Lutturu Hardnae">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo apud [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Lutter&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch].</ref> | Lutteru Hardnae<ref name="Lutturu Hardnae"/> | ''Lutter'' seu ''Bielefelder Lutter'' seu ''Weser-Lutter'' seu ''Lutterbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Hardna]]<ref name="Hardna"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Michelsbacum (Rhenus)|Michelsbacum Rheni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Michelsbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Mulahgowe]]<ref name="Mulahgowe">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maulach_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss tritt 846 im Gaunamen Maulachgau (''Mulahgouue'') erstmals schriftlich in Erscheinung (...)".</ref> | | ''Maulach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Musbach]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Muosbah<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Můsbach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Můsbahc<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Můspach<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Mußbach'' seu ''Muschbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Rehbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Otimot]]<ref name="Otimot">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autmut#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name ist im 11. Jahrhundert in den Formen „Otimot“ und „Ottmuot“, im 17. Jahrhundert als „Ottnach“ belegt (...)".</ref> | Ottmuot<ref name="Otimot"/> | ''Autmut'' seu ''Autmutbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Pfefferfließ]] | | ''Pfefferfließ'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Nieplitz]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Plohnbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Plohnbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Golz]]<ref name="Golz"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rivus Antichensis]]<ref name="Rivus Antichensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Antichensis-e" ad oppidum [[Antiche]] refertur.</ref> | | ''Endenicher Bach'' seu ''Katzenlochbach'' seu ''Lengsdorfer Bach'' seu ''Villiper Bach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Hardtbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivus Hachinger]]<ref name="Rivus">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Hachinger Bach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Hüllgraben]] | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Rivus Hartmanstorphensis]]<ref name="Rivus Hartmanstorphensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Brunhiemensis-e" ad oppidum [[Hartmanstorph]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fhartmannsdorf#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung erfolgte 1368 als Hartmanstorph (...)".</ref> | | ''Großhartmannsdorfer Bach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Mulda Fribergensis]]<ref name="MF"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rivus Sitzenrodaensis|Rivus Sitzenrodaënsis]]<ref name="Rivus Sitzenrodaënsis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Rivus Sitzenrodaënsis-e" Theodiscum gentilicium ''Sitzenrodaer'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Sitzenrodaer Bach'' seu ''Neumühlbach'' seu ''Neumühlbach'' seu ''Neumühlbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Heidebacum (Fossa Nigra)|Heidebacum Fossae Nigrae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Sandbacum (Presnitz)|Sandbacun Presnitzense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Sandbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Presnitz (flumen)|Presnitz]]<ref name="Presnitz"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Schwarzenbacum (Naba silvatica)|Schwarzenbacum Nabae Silvaticae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Schwarzenbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Naba silvatica|Naba Silvatica]]<ref name="Naba silvatica"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Schweizerbacum (Remisus, Oenopolis)|Schweizerbacum Remisi]]<ref name="-bacum"/> [[Oenopolis|Oenopolitanum]]<ref>Vide [https://forum.ahnenforschung.net/forum/allgemeine-diskussionsforen/begriffserkl-rung-wortbedeutung-und-abk-rzungen/2932224-begriff-oenopoli-scabini ''forum.ahnenforschung.net''], ubi dicitur "(...) Ein scabinus war in etwa ein Ratsherr, und Oenopolis ist "Weinstadt" (...)".</ref> | | ''Schweizerbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Remisus]]<ref name="Remisus"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Seebacum (Gädheim)|Seebach Gädheimense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Starzel (Prime)|Starzel Primensis]]<ref name="Starzel Primensis">Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo. Ultimo cui, vide [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_PLE_AAAAYAAJ/bub_gb_PLE_AAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt], ubi dicitur "(...) ad sinistram ripam Starzel rivi (...) Starzell diversorium in colle, ad rivulum in Wanpach fluentem (...)".</ref> | Starzell Primense<ref name="Starzel Primensis"/> | ''Starzel'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Prime]]<ref name="Prime"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Trebnitium]]<ref name="Trebnitium">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Trebenezi<ref name="Trebnitium"/> seu Trebniczya<ref name="Trebnitium"/> seu Trebniczensis<ref name="Trebnitium"/> | ''Trebnitz'' seu ''Trebnitzbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Mohelnice]]<ref name="Mohelnice"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Westerbacum (Hasalana)|Westerbacum Hasalanae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | ''Westerbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Hasalaha (Mintela)|Hasalana Mintelae]]<ref name="Hasalaha Mintelae"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Wetuffa]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Wettiffa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wetfa<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wetfhe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wetfe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Wettfe<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Wetzbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Laugana]]<ref name="Murray">{{Murray}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wildebacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Wildebach'' seu ''Wildenbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Helre]]<ref name="Helre"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wirftbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Wirftbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Trierbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Zimmerbacum (Starzel)|Zimmerbacum Starzelense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Zimmerbach'' | align="right" | 12 | [[Starzel (Nicer)|Starzel Niceri]]<ref name="Starzel Niceri"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Aqua Cunewaldensis]]<ref name="Aqua Cunewaldensis">Substantivum "Aqua-ae" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Wasser'' vertit et gentilicium "Cunewaldensis-e" ad oppidum [[Cunewalde]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunewalde#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Als Lokator der neuen Ansiedlung wird ein gewisser Henricus de Cunewalde angesehen, (...)".</ref> | | ''Cunewalder Wasser'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Bewer]] | | ''Bewer'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Ilmede]]<ref name="Ilmede"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Biverna (Visurgis)|Biverna Visurgis]]<ref name="Biverna">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Beverna Visurgis<ref name="Biverna"/> | ''Bever'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Buhlertalbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Bühlertalbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Drusel]] | | ''Drusel'' seu ''Kleine Fulda'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Gablenzbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Gablenzbach'' seu ''Stollberger Wasser'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Wirsenicz (Caminizi rivus)|Wirsenicz Caminizi rivi]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Grimmbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Grimmbach'' seu ''Steinach'' seu ''Grümbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Cochera]]<ref name="Cochera"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Haldenbacum (Remisus, Endersbacum)|Haldenbacum Remisi Endersbachense]]<ref name="-bacum"/><ref name="Endersbacense">Gentilicium "Endersbacensis-e" ad oppidum [[Endersbacum]] (Theodisce ''Endersbach'') refertur.</ref> | | ''Haldenbach'' seu ''Stettener Bach'' seu ''Alter Bach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Remisus]]<ref name="Remisus"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Helmbacum (Spira)|Helmbacum Spirae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Helmbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]<ref name="Spira"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Huttenbacum (Swarza Bavarica)|Huttenbacum Swarzae Bavaricae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hüttenbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Swarza Bavarica]]<ref name="Swarza Bavarica"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Kampfelbacum (flumen)|Kampfelbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Kämpfelbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Phunzin]]<ref name="Phunzin"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lohrbacum (Awinpach)|Lohrbacum Awinpachense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Lohrbach'' seu ''Heinrichsthaler Lohr'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Awinpach (Lara)|Awinpach Larae]]<ref name="Awinpach Larae"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Mühlenwasser]] | | ''Mühlenwasser'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Erpe (Tuistina)|Erpe]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Nebelbeeke]] | | ''Nebelbeeke'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Warme]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Orbaha]]<ref name="Orbaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orb_(Kinzig)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Gewässer wird 1059 als ''Orbaha'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Orb'' seu ''Aubach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Kincicha]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Pyra Magna]]<ref name="Große">Adiectivo "magnus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Große" vertitur.</ref> | | ''Große Pyra'' seu ''Große Bühra'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Raodhaha (Lein, Voggenberger Sägmühle)|Raodhaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle]]<ref name="Raodhaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Oberrot&f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch].</ref> | Rotaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle<ref name="Raodhaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle"/> seu Rota Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle<ref name="Raodhaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle"/> | ''Rot'' seu ''Kaiserbacher Rot'' seu ''Mosbach'' seu ''Schwarze Rot'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Lein (Cochera)|Lein]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivus Brunheimensis Alfterensis]]<ref name="Rivus Brunheimensis Alfterensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Brunhiemensis-e" ad oppidum [[Brumheim]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornheim_(Rheinland)#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich wird der Hauptort Bornheim als „Brunheim“ im Bonngau, in der Grafschaft des Grafen Ehrenfried, erstmals am 2. August 945 genannt (...)". Denique, Gentilicium Latinum "Alfterensis-e" Theodiscum ''Alfterer'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Alfterer Bornheimer Bach'' seu ''Mirbach'' seu ''Görresbach'' seu ''Roisdorfer'' seu ''Bornheimer Bach'' seu ''Mühlenbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivus Mielenheimensis]]<ref name="Rivus Mielenheimensis]]">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Mielenheimensis-e" ad oppidum [[Mielenheim]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehlem#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich wird Mehlem erstmals im April 804 als ''Mielenheim'' genannt, wo dem Bonner Cassiusstift ein Weingut geschenkt wird (...)".</ref> | | ''Mehlemer Bach'' seu ''Eichenackersbach'' seu ''Kernbach'' seu ''Züllighovener Bach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schaafbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Schaafbach'' seu '' Schafbach'' seu ''Ahrmühle'' seu ''Eichholzbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Schweizerbacum (Remisus, Laurissa)|Schweizerbacum Remisi]]<ref name="-bacum"/> [[Lorch (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Laurissae]] | | ''Schweizerbach'' seu ''Wettenbach'' seu ''Mutlanger Haselbach'' seu ''Haselbach'' seu ''Tannbach'' seu ''Waldauer Bach'' seu ''Alfdorfer Haselbach'' seu ''Mühlbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Remisus]]<ref name="Remisus"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sinisbach]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Siesbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]<ref name="Fabricius II 1898"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Solisbacum (Moenus)|Solisbacum Moeni]]<ref name="Solisbacum Moeni">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Sultzbacum Moeni<ref name="Solisbacum Moeni"/> seu Zulsbacum Moeni<ref name="Solisbacum Moeni"/> seu Zultzbacum Moeni<ref name="Solisbacum Moeni"/> | ''Sulzbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sorbitz]] | | ''Sorbitz'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Speltach]] | | ''Speltach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Sperrlutter]] | | ''Sperrlutter'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Odera (Ruma)|Odera Rumae]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Threne]] | | ''Threne'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Parda (flumen)|Parda]]<ref name="Bavarikon"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ulfe (Fuldaha)|Ulfe Fuldahae]] | | ''Ulfe'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Vesser (flumen)|Vesser]] | | ''Vesser'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Breitenbacum (Erle)|Breitenbacum Erlense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Vischelbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Vischelbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Vulle]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | | ''Fulde'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Böhme (flumen)|Böhme]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Waldbacum (Gabelbacum)|Waldbacum Gabelbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Waldbach'' seu ''Mangelsbach'' seu ''Wattbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Gabelbacum (Muda)|Gabelbacum Mudae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Walse]] | | ''Walse'' seu ''Sählenbach'' seu ''Beek'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Weggentalbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Weggentalbach'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Zschampert]] | | ''Zschampert'' | align="right" | 11 | [[Luppa Vetus|Luppa Vetus]]<ref name="Alte Luppe">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luppe_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wurde 1216 als „Luppa fluvio“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)". Adiectivo "vetus veteris" Theodiscum adiectivum "Alte" vertitur.</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Aalenbacum (Bilerna)|Aalenbacum Bilernae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Aalenbach'' seu ''Äulesbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Bilerna]]<ref name="Bühler"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Biverna (Wippera)|Biverna Wippera]]<ref name="Biverna">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Beverna Wipperae<ref name="Biverna"/> | ''Bever'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Wippera]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Brunavia (Ursena)|Brunavia Ursenae]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Brunau'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Ursena]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Dreisbacum (Ara)|Dreisbacum Arae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Dreisbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dammbacum (Elsava)|Dammbacum Elsavae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Dammbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Elsava]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Dusebacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Dusebach'' seu ''Duse'' seu ''Dause'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Mühlenwasser]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Fischbacum (Gaspentia)|Fischbacum Gaspentiae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Fischbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Gaspentia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Griessebacum (flumen)|Griessebacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Grießebach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Humme]] | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Gronach]] | | ''Gronach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hadoluespach]]<ref name="Hadoluespach">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halsbach_(Alz) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Ort Halsbach wird ca. 790 als ''Hadoluespach'' erstmals urkundlich genannt. (...)".</ref> | | ''Halsbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Alzus]]<ref name="Alzus"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Hetzbacum (Flöha)|Hetzbacum Flöhae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hetzbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Flöha]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Kappelbacum (Zurrega)|Kappelbacum Zurregae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Kappelbach'' seu ''Hardtbach'' seu ''Krebsbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Zurrega (flumen)|Zurrega]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Lossnitzbacum (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Lossnitzbacum Muldae Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Lößnitzbach'' seu ''Affalterbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Mooslauter]] | | ''Mooslauter'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Lutra (Glanis)|Lutra Glanensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Mordgrundbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | Slatina | ''Mordgrundbach'' seu ''Mordgrund'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Bahra (Gotlaviae)|Bahra Gotlaviae]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Olepe]]<ref name="Olepe">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olpe_(Bigge)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name tritt als ''Olepe'' 1120 erstmals urkundlich in Erscheinung (...)".</ref> | | ''Olpe'' seu ''Altenkleusheimer Bach'' seu ''Olpebach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Bigge]]<ref name="Bigge"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rigenbach (Zahme Gera)|Rigenbach Zahmegerense]]<ref name="Rigenbach"/> | Richenbach Zahmegerense<ref name="Rigenbach"/> | ''Reichenbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Zahme Gera]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rivus Belmensis]]<ref name="Rivus Belmensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Belmensis-e" ad commune [[Belmum]] (Theodisce ''Belm'') refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide: Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae..</ref> | | ''Belmer Bach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Hassa]]<ref name="Hassa"/> | [[Amisia]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rivus Berwangensis]]<ref name="Rivus Berwangensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium "Berwangensis-e" ad oppidum [[Berwangen]] refertur. Ultimo huic gentilicium, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_die_Geschichte_des_Oberrheins._Bd._038%2C_1885_%28IA_zeitschriftfurdi3818unse%29.pdf Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins], ubi dicitur "(...) Georgius Fridericus Taub, Berwangensis (...)".</ref> | | ''Berwanger Bach'' seu ''Feldgraben'' seu ''Birkenbach'' seu ''Alte Bach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Elisinza]]<ref name="Elisinza"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivus Henrici]]<ref name="Rivus Henrici">Fingitur hydronymum hoc ex informatione de [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrichsbach_(Wachenbach) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Heinrichsbach ist wohl so benannt, weil Kaiser Heinrich IV. einige Zeit in der Umgebung lebte (...)".</ref> | | ''Heinrichswasser'' seu ''Heinrichsbach'' seu ''Cunerichswasser'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Wachenbacum (Lara)|Wachenbacum Larae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rissbacum (Iages)|Rissbacum Iagis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Rißbach'' seu ''Hollenbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rotelbacum (Iages)|Rotelbacum Iagis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Rötelbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Iages]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rubra Pockavia]]<ref name="Ruber">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/ruber?wb=gross&nr=2 Adiectivo "rubrer rubra rubrum" Theodiscum adiectivum ''Rote'' vertitur.</ref><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Rubrum Packaw<ref name="Rubrum Packaw">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Pockau#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erstmalige Erwähnung des Ortes erfolgte im Jahre 1365 als „Packaw“ (...)". Adiectivo "rubrum" Theodiscum adiectivum ''Rote'' vertitur.</ref> | ''Rote Pockau'' seu ''Halbmeilenbach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Nigrum Packaw]]<ref name="Nigrum Packaw"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Schlema (flumen)|Schlema]] | | ''Schlema'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]<ref name="MZ"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Schobse]] | | ''Schobse'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Wohlrose]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Seebacum (Onestrudis)|Seebacum Onestrudis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Seebacum (Rhenus)|Seebacum Rheni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Suropo (Lena)|Suropo Lenae]]<ref name="Suropo">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo toponymo. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Obersorpe, Mittelsorpe, Niedersorpe (Stadt Schmallenberg), 1072, 1101–31 Suropo, 1122 Sorbece, 1281–1313, 14. Jh. Sorpe, 14. Jh. Sorp superior, Sorp inferior (...)".</ref> | Sorbece Lenae<ref name="Suropo"/> seu Sorpe Lenae<ref name="Suropo"/> seu Sorp Lenae<ref name="Suropo"/> | ''Sorpe'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]<ref name="Lena"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Tonna (flumen)|Tonna]] | | ''Tonna'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Onestrudis]]<ref name="Onestrudis"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Ulsna|Ůlsna]]<ref name="Ulsna">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oelze_(Fluss)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss wird erstmals in einer Urkunde aus dem Jahre 1229 unter dem Namen Ůlsna erwähnt (...)".</ref> | | ''Oelze'' | align="right" | 10 | [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Waldbacum (Fossa Terrestris)|Waldbacum Fossae Terrestris]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Waldbach'' | align="right" | 10 | Fossa Terrestris<ref name="Landgraben">Substantivum "Fossa-ae" Theodiscam vocem ''Graben'' et adiectivum Latinum "terrestris-e" Theodiscum praefixum ''Land-'' vertit.</ref> | ? |} ===Flumina 9 et 5 chiliometra longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina 9 et 5 chiliometra longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Elera (Ruma)|Elera Rumae]]<ref name="Elera Rumae">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Elerā in Net influente. De quo ultimo homonymo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Elera&f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].</ref> | Elra Rumae<ref name="Elera Rumae"/> |''Eller'' | align="right" | 9 | [[Ruma (Layna)|Ruma]]<ref name="Ruma"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Finkenbacum (Hombacum)|Finkenbacum Hombacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Finkenbach'' | align="right" | 9 | [[Hombacum (Othmunda)|Hombacum Othmundae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Grana (flumen)|Grana]]<ref name="Granae">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grane_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss tritt in seinen ersten urkundlichen Erwähnungen des 12. Jahrhunderts als ''Grana'' in Erscheinung (...)".</ref> | | ''Grane'' | align="right" | 9 | [[Indistra]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref><ref name="Indistra"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Linkenbacum (Aisca)|Linkenbacum Aiscae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Linkenbach'' | align="right" | 9 | [[Aisca]]e<ref name="Aisca"/> fossa inundatibilis | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Loufaha]] | Louffa | ''Laufach'' | align="right" | 9 | [[Ascafa]]<ref name="Ascafa"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fluvius Molendinorum (Saletio)|Fluvius Molendinorum Saletionis]]<ref name="Fluvius Molendinorum"/> | Mühlbach Saletionis<ref name="Mühlbach">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. De hoc flumine, vide www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu, ubi dicitur "(...) Hodie rivus Mühlbach, quem incolae vocant (...)".</ref> | ''Mühlbach'' | align="right" | 9 | [[Saletio (flumen)|Saletio]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivus Breitenbrunnensis]]<ref name="Rivus Breitenbrunnensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit. Gentilicium Latinum "Breitenbrunnensis-e" Theodiscum ''Breitenbrunner'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Breitenbrunner Bach'' seu ''Spitzerbach'' | align="right" | 9 | [[Rosenbacum (Filisa)|Rosenbacum Filisae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Eschbach (Nida)|Eschbach Nidae]]<ref name="Eschbach Nidae">Vide [https://www.geschichte-nieder-eschbach.de/startseite/nieder-eschbacher-chronik/ Heimat- und Geschichtesverein Nieder-Eschbach], ubi dicitur "(...) „Eschbach inferior“ (...)".</ref> | |''Eschbach'' | align="right" | 8 | [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]<ref name="Nida Moeni"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gabelbacum (Muda)|Gabelbacum Mudae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Gabelbach'' | align="right" | 8 | [[Muda (flumen)|Muda]]<ref name="Billbach"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Grunnelbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Grunnelbach'' seu ''Grunnel-Bach'' | align="right" | 8 | [[Fuldaha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rechtenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Rechtenbach'' seu ''Kaibach'' | align="right" | 8 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rohrbacum (Dürnach)|Rohrbacum Dürnachense]]<ref name="Rohrbacum Dürnachense">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Rohrbach'' | align="right" | 8 | [[Dürnach]] | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Sinse]]<ref name="Sinse">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e lacū. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA381#v=snippet&q=Sims&f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur "(...) prope lacum Sinse (...)".</ref> | | ''Sims'' | align="right" | 8 | [[Aha Rordorfensis]]<ref name="Aha Rordorfensis"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Swelmenaha]]<ref name="Swelmenaha">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwelme hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Name ''Schwelme'' geht auf „Swelma auch Swelmna“ zurück. Aber auch vorher wurde der Name schon umgebildet, denn es hieß ursprünglich „Swelmenaha“ (...)".</ref> | Swelma<ref name="Swelmenaha"/> seu Swelmna<ref name="Swelmenaha"/> | ''Schwelme'' | align="right" | 8 | [[Wippera]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Beberbacum (Schuntra)|Beberbacum Schuntrae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Beberbach'' | align="right" | 7 | [[Schuntra]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Flotide (flumen)|Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex [[Flöthe|oppido homonymo]]. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%B6the#Geschichte articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Alte Bezeichnungen des Ortes sind 780–802 Flathi</ref> | Flathi<ref name="Flotide"/> seu Vlothe<ref name="Flotide"/> seu Flatide<ref name="Flotide"/> seu Flothethe<ref name="Flotide"/> seu Vlothe<ref name="Flotide"/> seu Flotethe<ref name="Flotide"/> | ''Flöthe'' | align="right" | 7 | [[Owe Magnum]]<ref name="Owe Magnum"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Seebacum (Erlenbacum)|Seebacum Erlenbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 7 | [[Erlenbacum Bieringenense|Erlenbacum Bieringenense]]<ref name="-bacum"/><ref name="Bieringen"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Seebacum (Usa)|Seebacum Usae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 7 | [[Usa (Weteraha)|Usa]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Wublitz]] | | ''Wublitz'' | align="right" | 7 | [[Habala]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Brombacum (Nemaninga)|Brombacum Nemaningae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brombach'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Nemaninga]]<ref name="Mümling">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCmling#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Die Römer nannten den Fluss ''Nemaninga'' (...) Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung als ''Mimilingum'' war im Jahre 741, die folgenden Schreibweisen sind dann 798 ''Mimelinga'' und ''Mimininga'', 819 ''Mimilingum'' und ''Mimelingen'', 1012 ''Minimingaha'' (...)".</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Goldbacum (Saletio)|Goldbacum Saletionis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Goldbach'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Saletio (flumen)|Saletio]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Grenzavia (Suale)|Grenzavia Sualensis]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Grenzau'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Suale]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Kapellenbacum (Wizmoin)|Kapellenbacum Wizmoinense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Kapellenbach'' seu ''Kapellenbek'' seu ''Spannbek'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Wizmoin]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Meizenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Meizenbach'' seu ''Brombach'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Rotach (Werenza)|Rotach Werenzae]] | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Nahrenbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Nährenbach'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Rivus Geesensis|Rivus Geësensis]]<ref name="Rivus Geësensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit. Gentilicium Latinum "Geësensis-e" Theodiscum ''Geeser'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Geeser Bach'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Kila]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Salzaha (Helmana)|Salzaha Helmanae]]<ref name="Salzaha">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymis toponymis Theodisce ''Salza''. De his ultimis, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> | Salsa Helmanae | ''Salza'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Helmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Seebacum (Hene)|Seebacum Henense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Hene]]<ref name="Hene"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Swartzpach (Mittweida Magna)|Swartzpach Mittweidae Magnae]]<ref name="Swartzpach">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzbach_(Gro%C3%9Fe_Mittweida)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Fluss trägt denselben Namen wie die erstmals 1240 urkundlich als „Swartzpach“ erwähnte Siedlung (...)".</ref> | | ''Schwarzbach'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Mittweida Magna]]<ref name="Große"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Weysluthera]]<ref name="Weysluthera">Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westerbach_(Kahl)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Der ursprüngliche Gewässername ''Western'' (um 1282 ''Weysluthera'' genannt) (...)".</ref> | ''Westerbach'' seu ''Westernbach'' seu ''Westernkahl'' | align="right" | 6 | [[Calde (flumen)|Calde]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Gelbeke]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Gelenbeke<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Ghelenbeke<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Gelmke'' | align="right" | 5 | [[Aquaeductus (Ovacra)|Aquaeductus Ovacrae]]<ref name="Aquaeductus Ovacrae"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Lutra (Remisus)|Lutra Remisi]]<ref name="Lutra"/> | | ''Lauter'' | align="right" | 5 | [[Remisus]]<ref name="Remisus"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Seebacum (Isana)|Seebacum Isanae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 5 | [[Isana (Aenus)|Isana Aeni]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Seebacum (Ohe Magnum)|Seebacum Ohis Magni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 5 | [[Ohe Magnum]]<ref name="Große">Adiectivo "magnus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Große" vertitur.</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Seebacum (Sala)|Seebacum Salae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 5 | [[Sala (Salzaha)|Sala Danubii]]<ref name="Saalach"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Westerbacum (Flotide)|Westerbacum Flotidense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | ''Westerbach'' | align="right" | 5 | [[Flotide (flumen)|Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide"/> | [[Visurgis]]<ref name=Gr/> |- | [[Ziegelbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Ziegelbach'' seu ''Mühlbach'' | align="right" | 5 | [[Moenus]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |} ===Flumina 4 chiliometra aut minus longa=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina 4 chiliometra aut minus longa: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | Longitudo (km) ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Brombacum (Finkenbacum)|Brombacum Finkenbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brombach'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Finkenbacum (Laxbacum)|Finkenbacum Laxbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Buchbacum (Speltach)|Buchbacum Speltachense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Buchbach'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Speltach]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Himmelsbacum (Wiese)|Himmelsbacum Wiesense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Himmelsbach'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Wiese (flumen)|Wiese]]<ref name="Wiese"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Hofbacum (Rivulus Liberorum)|Hofbacum Rivuli Liberorum]]<ref name="-bacum"/><ref name="Nietzschmann 2013"/> | | ''Hofbach'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Rivulus Liberorum (flumen)|Rivulus Liberorum]]<ref name="Nietzschmann 2013"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Lutra Alba|Lutra Alba]]<ref name="Lutra Alba">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Rhenano. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivum Latinum "albus-a-um" Theodiscum ''Weiße'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Weiße Lauter'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Lutra (Nicer)|Lutra Niceri]]<ref name="Lutra"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Patra]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | Patris<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Pathera<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Padra<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Padhera<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Padhre<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Padera<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Padre<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> seu Padra<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | ''Pader'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Lupia]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Rivus Asbachensis]]<ref name="Rivus Asbachensis">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit. Gentilicium Latinum "Asbachensis-e" Theodiscum ''Asbacher'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Asbacher Bach'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Longna]]<ref name="Longna"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Seebacum (Isara)|Seebacum Isarae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Seebacum (Loufaha)|Seebacum Loufahae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Loufaha]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Seebacum (Steinlach)|Seebacum Steinlachense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 4 | [[Steinlach]] | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Billbach (Muda)|Billbach]]<ref name="Billbach">Vide [https://www.heiligenlexikon.de/ActaSanctorum/17.August.html Acta Sanctorum der Bollandisten], ubi dicitur "(...) Locum ipsum duo rivi, unus a meridie, ab incolis '''Muda (die Mud)''' alter ab oriente, vulgo '''Billbach''' dictus, præterfluunt (...)".</ref> | | ''Billbach'' | align="right" | 3 | [[Muda (flumen)|Muda]]<ref name="Billbach"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- [[Brombacum (Hemisa)|Brombacum Hemisae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brombach'' | align="right" | 3 | [[Hemisa]]<ref name="Hemisa"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Echtbacum (Aalenbacum)|Echtbacum Aalenbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Echtbach'' seu ''Hilpertsklingenbach'' | align="right" | 3 | [[Aalenbacum (Bilerna)|Aalenbacum Bilernae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Erlenbacum (Chinzechun)|Erlenbacum Chinzechunense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Erlenbach'' | align="right" | 3 | [[Chinzechun]]<ref name="Chinzechun"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Huttenbacum (Seebacum)|Huttenbacum Seebacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hüttenbach'' | align="right" | 3 | [[Seebacum (Hene)|Seebacum Henense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kapellenbacum (Bunzavia)|Kapellenbacum Bunzaviense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Kapellenbach'' seu ''Kapellenbek'' seu ''Spannbek'' | align="right" | 3 | [[Bunzavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Lachsbacum (Albis)|Lachsbacum Albis]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Lachsbach'' | align="right" | 3 | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Seebacum (Rezat)|Seebacum Rezatense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 3 | [[Rezat]]<ref name="Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Fluvius Molendinorum (Liubasa)|Fluvius Molendinorum Liubasae]]<ref name="Fluvius Molendinorum"/> | | ''Mühlbach'' | align="right" | 2 | [[Liubasa]]<ref name="Liubasa"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Hosewasch]] | Hoswaschbacum<ref name="-bacum"/> seu Hosewaschbacum<ref name="-bacum"/> | ''Hosewasch'' seu ''Hoswaschbach'' seu ''Hosewaschbach'' | align="right" | 2 | [[Sala (Salzaha)|Sala Danubii]]<ref name="Saalach"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Lutra Nigra]]<ref name="Lutra Nigra">Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Rhenano. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivum Latinum "niger nigra nigrum" Theodiscum ''Schwarze'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Schwarze Lauter'' | align="right" | 2 | [[Lutra (Nicer)|Lutra Niceri]]<ref name="Lutra"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Seebacum (Buchbacum)|Seebacum Buchbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 2 | [[Buchbacum (Speltach)|Buchbacum Speltachense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Seebacum (Murga)|Seebacum Murgae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 2 | [[Murga (Neoburgum)|Murga Neoburgensis]]<ref name="Murga NB"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Biske]] | | ''Biske'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Elera (Net)|Elera Netensis]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Braunsel]] | | ''Braunsel'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Bründelgraben]] | | ''Bründelgraben'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Scutara]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Fluvius Molendinorum (Alcmana)|Fluvius Molendinorum Alcmanae]]<ref name="Fluvius Molendinorum"/> | | ''Mühlbach'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Alcmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Huttenbacum (Himmelsbacum)|Huttenbacum Himmelsbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Hüttenbach'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Himmelsbacum (Wiese)|Himmelsbacum Wiesense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kesselbacum (Aach Zwiveltense)|Kesselbacum in Aach Zwiveltense]] | | ''Kesselbach'' seu ''Kessel Aach'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Aach Zwiveltense]]<ref name="AZ"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Laxbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Laxbach'' seu ''Lachsbach'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Seebacum (Echtbacum)|Seebacum Echtbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Seebach'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Echtbacum (Aalenbacum)|Echtbacum Aalenbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Urspring]] | | ''Urspring'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Ach (Blavius)|Ach Blavii]] | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Weihermuhlbacum]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Weihermühlbach'' | align="right" | 1 | [[Alcmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Pfeffer (rivus)|Pfeffer]] | | ''Pfeffer'' | align="right" | 0.5 | [[Brancia (flumen)|Brancia]]<ref name="Brancia"/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Brunnbacensis (Nicer)|Brunnbacensis Niceri]]<ref name="Brunnbacensis">Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e monasterio. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pockau#Geschichte articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae de huius monasterii oppido]], ubi dicitur "(...) (lateinisch ''Monasterium Brunnbacensis'') (...)".</ref> | | ''Bronnbach'' | align="right" | < 0.5 | [[Nicer]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Kapellenbacum (Alcmana)|Kapellenbacum Alcmanae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Kapellenbach'' | align="right" | < 0.5 | [[Alcmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Rivus de Tosingen]]<ref name="Rivus de Tosingen">Substantivum "Rivus-i" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et [[Syntagma (grammaticum)|syntagma]] "de Tosingen" ad oppidum [[Tosingen]] refertur. Ultimo huic gentilicium, vide [[:de:Deising (Riedenburg)|articulum apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Auftreten eines Ortsadels lässt sich mit dem zwischen 1147 und 1160 auftretenden „Ainwic de Tosingen“ (...)".</ref> | | ''Deisinger Bach'' | align="right" | < 0.5 | [[Alcmana]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Springe (rivus)|Springe]] | | ''Springe'' | align="right" | < 0.5 | [[Smiehe Parvum]]<ref name="Smiehe Parvum">Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) Schmiech, die, l.z. Donau, entspringt oberhalb von Springen (Gundershofen, Stadt Schelklingen, AlbDonau-Kreis, B.-W., D) aus einer ergiebigen Karstquelle, mündet südlich von Ehingen (Alb-DonauKreis). – 1298 fluvium … Smiehe (...)". Adiectivo "parvus-a-um" Theodiscum adiectivum "Kleine" vertitur.</ref> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |} ===Flumina adhuc ignotā cum longitudine=== Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina adhuc ignotā cum longitudine: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" | [[Fluvius]] ! scope="col" | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]] ! scope="col" | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] ! scope="col" | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]] ! scope="col" | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]] |- | [[Brombacum (Hofbacum)|Brombacum Hofbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brombach'' | [[Hofbacum (Rivulus Liberorum)|Hofbacum Rivuli Liberorum]]<ref name="-bacum"/><ref name="Nietzschmann 2013"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Brombacum (Nagalda)|Brombacum Nagaldae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brombach'' | [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Brombacum (Rota)|Brombacum Rotae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brombach'' | [[Rota (Aenus)|Rota Aeni]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Danubius]]<ref name="Hofmann">{{Lexicon Universale}}</ref> |- | [[Brombacum (Rura)|Brombacum Rurae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brombach'' | [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Mosa]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Brombacum (Sinisbach)|Brombacum Sinisbacense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brombach'' | [[Sinisbach]]<ref name="Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Brombacum (Wiscoz)|Brombacum Wiscozense]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brombach'' | [[Wiscoz]]<ref name="Wiscoz"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Brumbacum (Wippera)|Brumbacum Wipperae]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | | ''Brumbach'' seu ''Brombach'' | [[Wippera (Sala)|Wippera Salae]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Grenzavia (Arle)|Grenzavia Arlensis]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> | | ''Grenzau'' | [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]<ref name="Arle"/> | [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]<ref name="Arle"/> |- | [[Imme]] | | ''Imme'' | [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]<ref name="Arle"/> | [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]<ref name="Arle"/> |- | [[Nigra Aqua (Ruhland)|Nigra Aqua Ruhlandensis]]<ref name="Nigra Aqua Ruhlandensis">Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur "Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)". Gentilicium "Ruhlandensis-e" Theodiscum ''Ruhlander'' vertit.</ref> | | ''Ruhlander Schwarzwasser'' | [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]<ref name="Elstra Nigra"/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Olbe]] | | ''Olbe'' | [[Beber (Ora)|Beber Orae]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rivulus Niger (Gohhusia)|Rivulus Niger Gohhusiae]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger Gohhusiae">Theodisca vox ''Schwarzbach'' in Latinam "Rivulus Niger" verti solet. V.gr. vide: Schöttgen, C., & Kreysig, G. C., auctoribus (1730). ''Diplomataria et Scriptores Historiae Germanicae Medii Aevi''. [[Altenburgum in Misnia|Altenburgi]]: Richter. De toponymo "Gohhusia", vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCchsen#Geschichtearticulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur "(...) Erstmals wurde der Ort unter dem Namen ''Gohhusia'' im Jahr 758 erwähnt (...)"</ref> | | ''Schwarzbach'' | ? | ? |- | [[Rivulus Niger (Mulda)|Rivulus Niger Muldae]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger"/> | | ''Schwarzbach'' | [[Mulda|Mulda Albis]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Rivulus Niger (Rotbacum)|Rivulus Niger Rotbacensis]]<ref name="Rivulus Niger">Theodisca vox ''Schwarzbach'' in Latinam "Rivulus Niger" verti solet. V.gr. vide: Schöttgen, C., & Kreysig, G. C., auctoribus (1730). ''Diplomataria et Scriptores Historiae Germanicae Medii Aevi''. [[Altenburgum in Misnia|Altenburgi]]: Richter.</ref> | | ''Schwarzbach'' | [[Rotbacum (Rhenus)|Rotbacum Rheni]]<ref name="-bacum"/> | [[Rhenus]]<ref name="Hofmann"/> |- | [[Struga (flumen)|Struga]] | | ''Struga'' | [[Spreha]]<ref name=Gr/> | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |- | [[Veerde]] | | ''Veerde'' | ? | ? |- | [[Weißer Schöps]] | | ''Weißer Schöps'' | [[Schwarzer Schöps]] | [[Albis]]<ref name=Gr>{{Graesse}}</ref> |} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Flumina Germaniae| ]] [[Categoria:Indices fluminum|Germania]] p42x33v0td5b3094lv2r3ygbjewfaz4 0 7210 3983116 3978069 2026-08-22T03:01:55Z LilyKitty 18316 de pacto 3983116 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iurisprudentia''' "duplici sensu accipitur. Interdum pro [[scientia (ratio)|scientia]] [[ius|iuris]]; interdum pro facultate interpretandi et applicandi [[lex|leges]]; quo sensu definiri potest: facultas sive [[disciplina]] leges interpretandi, easque ad occurrentes casus applicandi."<ref>Felix M. Cappello S. J., ''[https://books.google.it/books?id=pxXo1U0958cC Summa iuris publici ecclesiastici]'' (Romae: Aedes Pontificiae Universitatis Gregorianae, 1954).<!--Pagina?--></ref> == De [[Ius Romanum|iure Romano]] == [[Iustinianus I|Iustinianus]] ex [[Domitius Ulpianus|Ulpiano]] ait: "Iurisprudentia est divinarum atque humanarum rerum notitia, iusti atque iniusti scientia."<ref>Dig. 1.1.10.2.</ref> "Qua definitione eam iusti esse [[philosophia]]m significare voluere. Ut enim iuris notitia in disciplinarum numerum sit referenda, artisque seu doctrinae dignitatem merito tueatur, necessario illa cum elegantiorum litterarum et [[artes liberales|liberalium artium]] studio, philosophicisque disciplinis videtur esse coniungenda."<ref>L. A. Warnkoenig, ''[[iarchive:institutionesiu00warngoog/|Institutiones iuris romani privati]]'' (Bonnae: sumptibus Adolphi Marci, 1860).</ref> == Definitio == Iurisprudentia, seu iurisperitia (quae est iusti et iniusti, ad [[divinitsa|res divinas]] et humanas pertinentia, scientia) [[nomen proprium|nomen]] habet a ''iure.'' [[Ius]] varii significatus est. Nam # est idem quod iustum et debitum, seu aequum et debitum, ortum videlicet habens ex aliqua [[obligatio]]ne. # Significat idem quod legitimum, seu, quod est legi tamquam regulae conforme et adaequatum. # Est facultas seu potestas aliquid agendi, obtinendi, disponendi, utendi sine culpa: cuius potestatis violatio iniuriam constituit. # Accipitur pro sententia iudicis. # Pro lege; nam ius per apocopen est quasi iussum. # pro scientia legum; ad quam ut perveniatur, sciendum est, ius seu legem esse rectam agendorum, aut omittendorum rationem, in bonum commune, ab eo, qui curam habet communitatis, promulgatam. Hoc modo ius (sive lex) in naturale et positivum distribuitur; illud est hominis menti a quodam [[deus|deo]] per lumen naturae inditum, quo honestum ab inhonesto secernitur. Ad quod revocatur [[ius gentium]], seu quod [[auctoritas (ius)|auctoritate]] omnium fere populorum constitutum; v.d.{{dubsig}} legatos non esse violandos, vim vi licere repellere et cetera. [[Ius positivum]] (ita loquuntur iurisconsulti) vel libera dei vel hominum voluntate positum est, et ab ea dependet. Et hoc dividitur in ius divinum ac humanum; illud est, a deo proxime latum ad gubernandos homines, prout corpus aliquod politicum constituunt, continetque praecepta veteris et novae seu evangelicae legis; in veteri quidem seu mosaica de [[mores|moribus]], [[caerimonia|caeremoniis]], [[iudicium|iudiciis]]; in nova de [[sacramentum|sacramentis]]. Mandatum humanum, ab hominibus est sancitum et traditum, continetque [[Ius canonicum|ecclesiasticum seu canonicum]] et [[ius civile|civile seu politicum]].<ref>Michael Pexenfelder S. J., ''Apparatus eruditionis tam rerum quam verborum per omnes artes et scientias'', II (Valentiae: apud Benedictum Monfort, 1798).</ref> ==Iurisprudentia hodierna== Iurisprudentia hodierna [[saeculum 18|saeculo 18]] sumit suum initium, animum ad principia [[ius naturale|iuris naturalis]], civilis necnon gentium appulsura.<ref>{{cite book|last=Garner|first=Bryan A.|title=Black's law dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/blacksl_xxx_2009_00_5869|year=[[2009]]|publisher=West|location=Sancti Pauli Minnesotae|isbn=978-0-314-19949-2|pages=Jurisprudence entry|edition=nona}}.</ref> Iurisprudentia generalis in duas catervas dividi potest, secundum genus quaestionis ab academicis responsurum, et secundum theorias iurisprudentiae, scholas sententiarum philosophicarum, prout his quaestionibus responsum optimum reddatur. Philosophia iuris temporum recentiorum, quae in iurisprudentia generali versatur, quaestiones affert iuri systematique legali internas, iuris ut institutionis socialis quae ad maiorem contextum socialem et politicum, in quo exstat, pertinet.<ref name="Shiner2">Shiner, "Philosophy of Law," in ''Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy.''</ref> Hic commentarius internoscit tres sententiarum catervas in iurisprudentia generali. Ferunt enim sententiae in [[ius naturale|iure naturali]] antiquo innixae modum exstare legumlatorum<!--Cassell's: not classical; use verb--> potestatem rationaliter et aeque coercentem et ordinantem. Fundamenta iuris per rationem accessa sunt, videlicet ex his naturae legibus leges humanae valorem suum assequuntur.<ref name="Shiner3">Shiner, "Philosophy of Law", ''Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy.''</ref> Iurisprudentia analytica eam iuris naturalis confusionem recusat, in qua iuris, quod revera est, a iure, quod esse debuerit confunditur. Usui perspectus neutralis et linguae descriptivae suffragatur, cum aspectus systematum legalium indicantur. Theorias iurisprudentiae comprehendit, velut [[positivismus|positivismum]] legalem, cuius fautores nexum inter legem et mores haud necessarium esse arbitrantur; porro putant vim legis ex factis socialibus fundamentalibus oriri<ref name="Soper_CDoP2">Soper, "Legal Positivism", ''Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy.''</ref>; realismus legitimus, quae usum legum mundi realis id, quod lex sit, determinare argumentatur, legesque valere quia [[iudex|iudices]], legumlatores, [[causidicus|causidici]] sic iudicant. Iurisprudentia normativa in theoriis ius aestimantibus versatur, nempe quid iuris scopus sit, quae [[mores|moralium]] [[politica]]rumve theoriarum genera fundamentum legi exhibeant. Non modo quaestioni, quid lex sit, respondere conatur, verum etiam determinare periclitatur, quid iuris functio esse deberet, quae acta humana legibus sanciantur, et quo [[pactum|pacto]] puniantur. == Notae == <references/> {{NexInt}} * [[Ius consuetudinis]] * [[Scientiae sociales]] [[Categoria:Disciplinae academicae]] [[Categoria:Iurisprudentia|!]] [[Categoria:Ius]] [[Categoria:Ius Romanum]] [[Categoria:Philosophia socialis]] [[Categoria:Scientiae sociales]] {{Myrias|Societas}} rvv7hhz3l5tgdzalxrr00k0ucvtorge 14 10779 3982801 2490435 2026-08-21T13:40:41Z Grufo 64423 sortkey mutavi 3982801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria stipularum |ad= |formula=hist-stipula |sortkey=Historicae }} [[Categoria:Historia|^]] c69a6f9whz5vz6fhx9f3qq4n0c4w477 0 11368 3983112 3593742 2026-08-22T02:43:43Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983112 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Giussano - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Glussianum]] '''Glussianum'''<ref name=":1">{{Graesse}}</ref> {{victio|Isanum|i|n}} (alia nomina: ''Glocianus''<ref name=":0" />, ''Iasanum''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=eodYAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Memorie spettanti alla storia, al governo ed alla descrizione della città, e della campagna di Milano, ne' secoli bassi, Volume 9 (Google eBook) conte Giorgio Giulini, Stamperia di G. Bianchi, 1760]</ref>, ''Gluxianum''<ref name=":0">{{AA.VV. Nomi d'Italia}}</ref> ''Iosanum''<ref name=":1">{{Graesse}}</ref>, ''Zosanum''<ref name=":1">{{Graesse}}</ref>) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Giussano|Giussano]]'') est [[Urbes Italiae|Urbs]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 25&thinsp;100 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Modiciensis et Brigantina|Provincia Modiciensi et Brigantina]] situm. Urbani ''Iasanenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di città.svg|''[[Urbs Italiae]]''<ref>D.P.R. [[22 Octobris]] [[1987]]</ref> </gallery> == Geographia == * [[Brigantia (Italia)|Brigantia]] (''terra''), == Clari cives == * [[Albertus de Gluxano]], * [[Stephanus Borgonovo]], [[pedilusor]] ([[1964]]-[[2013]]) == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Modiciensis et Brigantina]], * [[Brigantia (Italia)|Brigantia]] (''terra''), * [[Modicia]] (''urbs''), * [[Urbes Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [http://www.comune.giussano.mb.it/ Situs Publicus]{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Giussano|Glussianum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Giussano (province of Monza and Brianza, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Modiciensi et Brigantina. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Urbes Italiae in Langobardia]] [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Modiciae et Brigantiae]] [[Categoria:Municipia in Brigantia]] c13sdoff533nikpwibcel9f2isnukeq 3 11843 3982929 3267182 2026-08-21T18:00:35Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982929 wikitext text/x-wiki ==categoria, babel et redirecti== *Gratia. Cur tu Babel La-0 aves? Id est nullo pacto et nulla peritia a lingua latina. Vulpinus [[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 13:46, 12 Martii 2006 (UTC) :*Ich hatte in der Schule einige Jahre Latein und das Lesen funktioniert noch halbwegs, Schreiben eher nicht. Daher habe ich mir ein "la-0" und gleichzeitig ein {{fn|Nuntii latine placent}} auf meine Userseite gesetzt. Deutsch geht gut, Englisch ist auch ok und hier vermutlich besser, damit auch die anderen mitlesen können. --[[Usor:Roland2|Roland2]] 13:55, 12 Martii 2006 (UTC) :*Haberat in scuola lingua latina et legeo latina. Scribeo latina non est. Causa pour la-0, lingua latina scribeo et anglica optimus hic. I had latin in school but I can`t write it anymore. That`s why I`ve got la-0. I can German and English which would be the best here. ::*Solange man nicht aus der Übung kommt... Kannst du noch das Redirect von III. Octobris nach 3. Octobris , sowie von MCMLXXXVIII nach 1988 legen. Danke. [[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 14:01, 12 Martii 2006 (UTC) Könntest du eben einen Redirect vom [[IV. Januarius]] nach 4 Ianuarii legen?[[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]]17:16, 13 Martii 2006 (UTC) ::*Id est bene si tu es exercere. Potes facere redirectus de III. Octobris a 3. Octobris , de MCMLXXXVIII a 1988, de [[IV. Januarius]] a 4 Ianuarii? Gratia. It`s always good when you`re in exercise. Could you please set redirects from III. Octobris to 3. Octobris , from MCMLXXXVIII to 1988 and from [[IV. Januarius]] to 4 Ianuarii ? Thanks. :::*Du hast Recht, was die Verbreitung von Deutsch betrifft, aber wenn Du schon halbwegs Latein kannst, könnten wir durchaus gemischt kommunizieren (Du Latein/Englisch/Deutsch, ich Englisch/Deutsch). Ich habe z. B. keine Chance, wenn jemand Portugisisch schreibt, was hier gelegentlich vorkommt. Deshalb möchte ich mit gutem Beispiel vorangehen und wenigstens Deutsch vermeiden ... obwohl es natuerlich die einfachste Sprache von allen ist. ;-) Ok, nun die Redirects fuer [[III. Octobris]] und [[MCMLXXXVIII]]. Ein Redirect ist einfach eine Seite, die nur <nowiki>#REDIRECT [[Zielseite]]</nowiki> enthält (auch neue Kategorien kann jeder anlegen). --[[Usor:Roland2|Roland2]] 14:17, 12 Martii 2006 (UTC) :::*Tu es varus trans circulationa de linga germia. Dicimus nihilominus in Latina/Anglica (et Germania )a causa de legere. Habeo non facultas legere si id est lingua portugisa. Exemplum procedeo et minuere lingua germanica hic. Nunc redirectes pour [[III. Octobris]] et [[MCMLXXXVIII]]. Unum Redirectus est simplicus una pagus, qui continent modo <nowiki>#REDIRECT [[Zielseite]]</nowiki> (potes continere novi categoria ). You`re right about the spreading of German language. But we should write in German and English in order to read it. I had`nt no possibilty to read something whenever it is in portugese. I want to write for all and don`t use the German language. Ok, now the Redirects for [[III. Octobris]] and [[MCMLXXXVIII]]. A Redirect is a page, which is only <nowiki>#REDIRECT [[Zielseite]]</nowiki> (you can also build up new). ::::*Ut categoriae possum condere? [[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 09:43, 28 Maii 2006 (UTC) == [[Usor:Vulpinus/Porta:Germania|Porta:Germania]] == Ich habe mit Hilfe von UVs Vorlage einmal einen Anfang gemacht, das Ganze (vor allem der Inhalt) kann aber definitiv noch verbessert werden ;-). Die Farben und das Bild können [[Usor:Vulpinus/Porta:Germania|hier]] geändert werden und der Inhalt von den Kästen auf den entsprechenden [[:Categoria:Porta Germaniae|Unterseiten]]. Außerdem kannst du noch die Seiten [[Usor:Vulpinus/Porta:Germania/collaboratio]] und [[Usor:Vulpinus/Porta:Germania/paginaedesideratae]] anlegen; Beispiele dafür sind diese beiden Seiten: [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/paginaedesideratae]] und [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/collaboratio]], die [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2|hier]] auf der rechten Seite eingebunden sind. Und du kannst natürlich, sobald du mit dem Portal zufrieden bist, alle Seiten in den Artikelnamensraum verschieben. Ich hoffe, dass dir das hilft, [[Usor:Amphitrite|Amphitrite]] 14:05, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :vielen Dank, das sieht ja fürs erste schon mal ganz ordentlich aus, könnte man hinüberschieben. Wenn ich das hinüberschiebe, muss ich dann auch jede einzelne Vorlage mit verschieben? Könntest du bitte noch das geografische Bild etwas kleiner machen? Danke. [[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 15:34, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :: Ich habe jetzt die Vorlage so verändert, dass der Kasten immer so groß ist, dass alle Bilder hineinpassen; daher muss man das Bild jetzt nicht mehr kleiner machen. Ja, wenn Du das Portal in den Artikelnamensraum verschiebst, ist es nötig, jede einzelne Seite zu verschieben (siehe [[:Categoria:Porta Germaniae|Kategorie]]). Herzliche Grüße, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 20:54, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::: Können Sie auch sehen meine Proposition [[Disputatio Formulae:Porta Vicipaediana|hier]], UV? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 20:57, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC). ::::vielen Dank, könnte sich jemand von euch bitte noch als Mitarbeiter des Portals eintragen, ich bin nicht immer da. mfg[[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 13:45, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) 1sp1r6i270mi93e5sf5jouooo99wqc7 0 12868 3982825 3977318 2026-08-21T14:09:25Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982825 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" align="right" | colspan="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" | {| align="center" border="0" | colspan="2" align="center" | [[Ferrum]] - '''Cobaltum''' - [[Niccolum]] |- | rowspan="3" valign="middle" |&nbsp;<br />&nbsp;'''Co'''<br />[[Rhodium|↓ Rh]]&nbsp; |- | align="center" | [[Fasciculus:Co-TableImage.svg|300px|Systema periodica]] <div align="right"><small>[[Systema Periodica]]</small></div> |} |- ! colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" | '''Geralis''' |- | Nomen, symbolus, numerus | Cobaltum, Co, 27 |- | Familia | transitionis [[metallum]] |- | Grex, Periodus, Columna | 9, 4, d |- | [[Densitas]] | 8.90 g/cm³ |- | [[Color]] | align="center" | metallicum argentoalbum [[Fasciculus:Co%2C27.jpg|100px|Cobaltum]] |- ! colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" | '''Proprietates atomicae''' |- | Massa atomica | 58.933195(5) g/mol |- | Atomicus radius | 135 (145) [[picometrum|picometra]] |- | Covalens radius | 126 pm |} '''Cobaltum'''<ref>"Cobaltum": Peter van der Krogt, "[http://www.vanderkrogt.net/elements/list_element.php?language=la&sort=A Elementa chemica]" apud situm ''Elementymology & Elements Multidict''</ref>, nota '''Co''', est [[elementum chemicum]] [[metallum|metallicum]] [[Metalla transitionis|transitionis]] [[numerus atomicus|numeri atomici]] '''27'''. In [[Grex (systema periodicum)|grege]] nono et [[Periodus (systema periodicum)|periodo]] quarta [[systema periodicum|systematis periodici]] ponitur. Eius [[massa atomica]] 58,93 valet (32 [[Neutron|neutrones]] et 27 [[Proton|protones]]) et eius configuratio electronica notatur 3d⁷4s². Temperatura qua [[liquidum]] fit: 1494 [[Gradus Celsianus|gradus Celsiani]]. Qua [[gas]] fit: 2900 gradus Celsiani. Massa per volumen: 8,80g/cm³. == De nomine == Verbum "cobaltum" deductum est a verbo [[lingua Theodisca|germanico]] ''[[:de:Kobold|Kobold]],'' quod [[Manes|manem]] malum significat, ita appellatum a metallicis qui in [[fodina|fodinis]] laboraverunt, quia [[venenum|veneficium]] fuit et aerumnas multas fecit {{Latinitas dolet|in [[aes|aerem]] elementorum aliorum effodendo, ut qualitatem eorum diminuit}}. Etiam putabatur a metallicis operariis illi ''Kobolde'' in fodinas [[argentum|argenti]] nocte intrare argentum cleptum et cobaltium repositum. Nomen ultimo fortasse est derivatum ab verbo [[lingua Graeca antiqua|Graeco]] antiquo ''Κόβαλος,'' quod "furcifer" significat, et nonnulli id dicunt {{Latinitas dolet|fontem etiam radicem esse}} verbi ''Kobold'', verbi [[lingua anglica|anglici]] ''[[:en:goblin|goblin]],'' et cobalti scilicet ipsius, tametsi [[:en:OED|Lexicon Linguae Anglica Oxoniensis]] hanc [[etymologia]]m esse incertam dicit. == In biologia == [[Fasciculus:Cobalamin.svg|thumb|Molecula cobalamini cum [[Cation|cationte]] cobalti medio.]] Cobaltum est micronutrimentum saluti necessarium<ref>M. Russell (2022).</ref> ob coniunctionem cum [[Vitaminum B12|vitamino B₁₂]] (cobalamina). Raro tamen deficit quia in cibo communi versatur. Synthesi [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] inter alia adest. Sed nimia copia [[Toxicologia|toxica]] est<ref>[https://fr.scribd.com/presentation/604321248/intoxication-par-cobalt scribd] de cobalti toxicologia. Item [https://www.cancer-environnement.fr/fiches/expositions-environnementales/cobalt-et-ses-composes/ Centre Léon Bérard]</ref>. Pecoris diaetae additamentum vulgo habetur praesertim [[Ruminantia|ruminantibus]] utile<ref>Chiara Marchese, Rosa Avolio, Alessandra Griglione, Paolo Palmegiano, Anna Riva, Stefania Gavinelli, Paola Brizio, Maria Cesarina Abete, Stefania Squadrone. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0946672X25000501 Cobalt in feed: A first survey in Italy]", ''Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology'' 2025: 127637.</ref>. == Proprietates == [[Fasciculus:Bristol.blue.glass.arp.750pix.jpg|left|thumb|Vasa vitrea per cobaltum colorata.]] Cobaltum purum est durum, [[magnetismus|magneticum]] et argentoalbum. Pulvis cobalti perfacile incenditur. == [[Geologia]] == [[Fasciculus:Cobalt OreUSGOV.jpg|thumb|upright|Cobalti aes]] Cobaltum saepius existit in forma [[Aes (mixtura)|aeris]] et in eisdem locis atque [[Sulphur|sulphidum]] [[Cuprum|cupri]](II). Non solet solum effodi, immo producitur {{Latinitas dolet|secundum [[niccolum|niccoli]] et [[cuprum|cupri]] productionis}}. Maxima cobalti deposita in [[Respublica Congensis|Respublica Congensi]], [[Sina]], [[Zambia]], [[Russia]] et [[Australia]]. Invenitur etiam in [[Finnia]], [[Atropatene (res publica)|Atropatene]], et [[Casachia]]. Ob crescentem usum hoc metallum rarius videtur et penuria timetur<ref>Benjamin L. Brugman (2023). Xinkai Fu (2020).</ref>. == De usu humano == Cobaltum praecipue [[Ferrum|ferro]] et aliis metallis mixtum ad [[Chalybs|chalybes]] sui generis fabricandos. Illa aciaria in [[chirurgia]] et [[orthopaedia]] utilia sunt. In [[Accumulatrum electricum|accumulatris electricis]] ubi una ex [[Electrodus|electrodis]] e LiCoO₂ facta est hodie frequentissime invenitur<ref>Matthew Li et Jun Lu, "[https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aba9168 Cobalt in lithium-ion batteries. Replacements are sought for cobalt, a costly element used in lithium-ion battery cathodes]", ''Science'', 6481, 2020: 979-80. Ya You et Jun Lu, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949822823000047 Timely or early? Breaking away from cobalt-reliant lithium-ion batteries]", ''Next Materials'', 2023: 100004</ref>. Quia cobaltum [[Ferromagnetismus|ferromagneticum]]<ref>Yves Barnier. ''[https://theses.hal.science/tel-03372927/file/BARNIER%20Yves.pdf Contribution à l’étude des propriétés magnétiques du cobalt et des alliages de fer cobalt.]'' Faculté des sciences de l’Université de Grenoble, 1963. </ref> est aciaria cobalto mixta optimos [[magnes|magnetes]] perpetuos faciunt<ref>Pierre Moritz, ''[https://theses.hal.science/tel-02440847/ Réalisation de micro-aimants par assemblage capillaire de nanobâtonnets de cobalt assisté par magnétophorèse - Applications aux MEMS à transduction électromagnétique]'', INSA de Toulouse, 2019. </ref>. Aciaria AlNiCo saepe appellantur quia praeter ferrum adsunt aluminium, [[niccolum]], cobaltum<ref>[https://hsmagnet.com/fr/2025/05/19/comprendre-les-elements-des-aimants-alnico-pourquoi-lequilibre-est-primordial/ De elementis in magnetibus Alnico contentis].</ref>. [[Cobaltum-60]], [[isotopium]] e ferro-59 iniectis neutronibus manu factum, quod [[radioactivitas|radioactivum]] est, in [[radiotherapia]] ad [[morbus|morbos]] [[cancer (morbus)|cancrosos]] medicandos adhibetur<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240809144707/https://www.docteurclic.com/traitement/cobaltotherapie.aspx Docteurclic]. Vijitha Ramanatha, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/356723576_The_current_role_of_Cobalt-60_teletherapy_in_cancer_care The current role of Cobalt-60 teletherapy in cancer care]", ''KDU Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies'', 2021: 80-88.</ref>. Ratio sterilizationis quoque habetur<ref>[https://www.nordion.com/cobalt-60/a-sustainable-sterilization-method/ Storion]</ref>. [[Pigmentum (pictura)|Pigmentum]] caeruleum cobaltum continens iam antiquitus in [[Aegyptus antiqua|Aegypto]] et [[Sina]] fabricabatur, postea etiam Romae et in Graecia. Hodie cobalti oxidum silicio et aluminio mixtum [[color]]em [[vitrum|vitri]] ad caeruleum mutat<ref>Hao Yang, Bin Mu, Anjie Zhang, Aiqin Wang. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079678625000287 Recent advance in preparation, applications and color regulation mechanism of cobalt blue pigment]", ''Progress in Solid State Chemistry'', 2025: 100535.</ref>. == Notae == <references/> == Plura legere si cupis == [[Fasciculus:MagnetEZ.jpg|thumb|Magnes Alnico.]] *J.A. Betancourt-Cantera, F. Sánchez-De Jesús, A.M. Bolarín-Mir, G. Torres-Villaseñor, L.G. Betancourt-Cantera. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785419301358 Magnetic properties and crystal structure of elemental cobalt powder modified by high-energy ball milling]", ''Journal of Materials Research and Technology'', 2019: 4995-5003 *Benjamin L. Brugman, Manuel Scharrer, Tullio S. Geraci, Alexandra Navrotsky. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2468606923001387 Cobalt blues: An overview of the thermodynamics of a critical element in short supply]", ''Materials Today Energy'', 2023: 101382 *Xinkai Fu, Danielle N. Beatty, Gabrielle G. Gaustad, Gerbrand Ceder, Richard Roth, Randolph E. Kirchain, Michele Bustamante, Callie BabbittElsa, A. Olivetti. "[https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.9b04975 Perspectives on Cobalt Supply through 2030 in the Face of Changing Demand]", ''Environmental Science & Technology'', 2020: S1-12 *Giuseppe Genchi, Graziantonio Lauria, Alessia Catalano, Alessia Carocci et Maria Stefania Sinicropi. "[https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/10/1335 Prevalence of Cobalt in the Environment and Its Role in Biological Processes]", ''Biology'', 2023: 1335 *Michael J. Russell, "[https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2121307119 Cobalt: A must-have element for life and livelihood]", PNAS, 2022: 2121307119 == Nexus externi == {{Communia|Cobalt}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040830084700/http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Co/key.html WebElements.com – Cobalt] * [http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/027.htm Hoc elementum] apud ''Patreon: periodic videos'' * [https://alloy-materials.com/fr/cobalt-alloys/ De cobalto aliis metallis mixto] {{Elementa chemica}} [[Categoria:Elementa chemica]] [[Categoria:Metalla]] {{Myrias|Physica}} bhvhpr6r15syeg6q6g6zynfm3ikfd6o 4 13301 3982831 3979564 2026-08-21T14:20:06Z Grufo 64423 /* De ordine paginarum in categoriis */ De signo “^” 3982831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Regulae propositae}} {{Capsa opum et commendationum Vicipaediae}} {{Compendia paginae|VP:CAT}} == Categoriarum usus == Vicipaedia categorias habet ut greges paginarum, quae de rebus cognatis vel similibus disserunt, lectoribus et editoribus praebeat. Lectores ad categorias accedunt a pede paginae encyclopaedicae incipientes, seu arborem categoriarum navigantes, seu nexum a categoriis in aliis Vicipaediis repertis imprimentes. Categoriae insuper editoribus indicant paginas hucusque carentes; {{*eg}} e pagina [[:Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] caret (die 2 Novembris 2010) pagina {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Iohannes Masefield||en|qid=Q471413}}. Ergo, nisi pagina de hac auctore imperfecte categorizatur, licet creare. Ob has rationes, oportet categorias exstantes rite et pleniter in paginas inscribere: haec enim novos lectores paginis Vicipaedicis advectabit, editoribusque paginas hucusque carentes addere suadebit. == Quomodo oportet paginam in categorias dirigere == Vide [[Vicipaedia:Structura paginae]]. Categoriae inscribuntur post omnem aliam rem, lineis singularibus, sic: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Antarctica]]</syntaxhighlight>. # Paginam de rebus similibus reperi; categorias idoneas exstantes ex huius pede in paginam tuam adde; seu # Arborem categoriarum navigans, categorias idoneas reperi et adde; seu # Categorias idoneas, ''exstantibus similes'', excogita, inscribe et postea crea (vide infra) # Categorias generaliores reperi et inscribe pro tempore # Categorias omnino novas excogita, inscribe et postea crea (vide infra) # Formulam {{fn|Dubcat}} in pedem paginae inscribe == Regulae categoriarum seligendarum == * Categoria aliqua et supercategoria proxima in eadem pagina minime inscribendae sunt: {{*eg}}, si addis [[:Categoria:Urbes Vietnamiae]], omitte [[:Categoria:Urbes Asiae]] * In biographias … *# … hominum vivorum, adde [[:Categoria:Homines vivi]] *# … mulierum, adde [[:Categoria:Mulieres]] *# … scriptorum, adde '''et''' categoriam linguae vel linguarum quas scripserint e serie [[:Categoria:Auctores per linguas digesti]], '''et''' categoriam civitatis vel civitatum ubi habitaverint e serie [[:Categoria:Scriptores per civitates digesti]] *# … professorum seu docentium universitatis alicuius, adde categoriam e serie [[:Categoria:Professores studiorum generalium]] *# … alumnorum universitatis alicuius, adde categoriam e serie [[:Categoria:Alumni studiorum generalium]]. <small>NB: hominibus quibus gradus honoris causa datus sit, qui nimis breviter universitatem frequentaverint, aut qui sine gradu discederint categoriam attribuere haud necesse erit</small> *# … episcoporum vel archiepiscoporum, adde categoriam e serie [[:Categoria:Episcopi per civitates digesti]] *# … Romanorum antiquorum, adde categoriam gentiliciam e serie [[:Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] *# … omnium hominum, adde categorias nativitatis et obitus, {{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Nati saeculo 4 a.C.n.]] et [[:Categoria:Mortui 1978]], saeculum adhibens si annus nescitur; categoriam originis geographici, {{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] aut specialius [[:Categoria:Physici Franciae]]; et categoriam vel categorias plures quae notabilitatem exprimunt * In paginas de locis (urbibus, vicis, montibus, aedificiis, locis archaeologicis, etc.), adde subcategoriam vel subcategorias sub radice [[:Categoria:Loci terrestres]] * In paginas de operibus humanis, adde categoriam annalem, {{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Incepta 2007]] (vide [[:Categoria:Annales|radicem talium categoriarum]]) * In paginam de eventu, adde categoriam anni, {{*eg}} [[:Categoria:1914]] == Quomodo categorias exstantes reperiuntur == # Categorias e paginis de eadem fere re disserentibus perlegere potes: si necesse sit, in eas imprime et per subcategorias et supercategorias naviga # Categorias specialiores reperis si categoriam generalem quam cognoscis quaeris—{{*eg}} “Categoria:Plantae”, “Categoria:Italia”—et per subcategorias navigas # Arboris categoriarum radicem reperis si in verbum “Categoriae” ad partem sinistram fenestrae imprimis == Quomodo categoriae creantur == Cum primum categoriae non iam exstantis nomen <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Flumina Antarcticae]]</syntaxhighlight> in paginam addis, illius categoriae nexus ruber videtur. Categoriam deinde oportet creare: # In nexum rubrum imprime # In pagina editoriali inscribe categoriarum “parentalium” ({{*ie}} supercategoriarum iam exstantium) nexum: {{*eg}} in novam categoriam '''Categoria:Flumina Antarcticae''' inscribis <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Flumina]]</syntaxhighlight> et <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Res geographicae Antarcticae]]</syntaxhighlight> # Serva paginam novam tuam categoricam # Reperi, si potes, categoriam similem in vicipaedia barbara, {{*eg}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[en:Category:Rivers of Antarctica]]</syntaxhighlight>, inde i ad Vicidata, et nexum adde paginae categoricae tuae == Quomodo categoriae excogitantur et nominantur == # Licet semper categorias exstantibus similes creare: {{*eg}} iuxta categorias [[:Categoria:Auctores Graeci]] et [[:Categoria:Mortui 323 a.C.n.]] licet excogitare <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Auctores Hetthaei]]</syntaxhighlight> et <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Mortui 1452 a.C.n.]]</syntaxhighlight> si paginam relevantem creaveris # Licet categorias omnino novas creare, sed: ## Oportet in novam categoriam ad minimum tria membra (paginas seu subcategorias) aut reperire aut e novo scribere ## Si novum paradigma categoriarum incipere vis ({{*eg}} '''Categoria:Scholae comitatus Bedfordiensis''', talibus categoriis non iam exstantibus) debes ante creationem disputare et utilitatem explicare ## Si de Latinitate seu de utilitate categoriae creandae dubitas, '''oportet ante creationem disputare''' # Nomina categoriarum sunt pluralia si verbum plurale ad rem congruit: {{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Scriptores scaenici]], [[:Categoria:Reptilia]], exceptis autem civitate ([[:Categoria:Germania]]), loco singulo ([[:Categoria:Londinium]]), homine singulo ([[:Categoria:Albertus Einstein]]), genere biologico ([[:Categoria:Triticum]]), re anatomica naturaliter singulari ([[:Categoria:Cor]]) # Disputare de categoriis propositis licet sive apud paginam disputationis paginae respectivae, sive apud disputationem auctoris paginae, sive apud [[Vicipaedia:Taberna|Taberna]]m; nexum ad disputationem licet hic addere # Categoriae iam creatae moveri (sicut paginae moventur) non possunt; oportet delere et e novo creare; vide [[Vicipaedia:Automata/Category move requests]] == De variis categoriarum generibus == * In eas categorias, quae sub supercategoria “[[:Categoria:Homines]]” adsumuntur, oportet commentiones biographicas ({{*ie}} de hominibus singulis), neque alias, inserere * Categorias '''de singulis hominibus''' generosius creamus. Tales categorias oportet creare si de pluribus rebus huic homini relevantibus commentationes habemus ({{*eg}} de homine ipso, de operibus, de familia et sociis, de rebus ab eo gestis). N.B. Si vis subcategoriam creare '''de rebus hominis singuli''' ({{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Opera Ioannis Sebastiani Bach]]; [[:Categoria:Antigoni Monophthalmi sectatores]]; [[:Categoria:The Lord of the Rings]]) oportet a principio categoriam simplicem de eo homine creare ({{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Iohannes Sebastianus Bachius]], [[:Categoria:Antigonus Monophthalmus]], [[:Categoria:I. R. R. Tolkien]]). Categoriae de hominibus singulis inserendae sunt: *# semper in supercategoriam [[:Categoria:Categoriae ex hominibus appellatae|Categoriae ex hominibus appellatae]] seu subcategoriam idoneam, {{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Categoriae ex artificibus appellatae]] *# in unam categoriam vel plures generaliores quae notabilitatem principalem eius hominis exprimunt ({{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Pictura]]; [[:Categoria:Historia Russiae]]) *# sed non in subcategorias categoriae “[[:Categoria:Homines|Hominum]]” ({{*eg}} <s>[[:Categoria:Incolae Russiae]]</s>): minime categoria sed ''commentatio'' de eo homine in eum categoriarum arborem inserenda est * Categorias '''de familiis, gentibus''' necnon '''gregibus hominum''' oportet creare si commentationes plures de gente ipsa, de hominibus huius gentis, etc. habemus. Licet tales categorias inserere non sub supercategoria “[[:Categoria:Homines]]” (paginae enim de singulis hominibus sub hac supercategoria inserendae sunt) sed: *# in arborem categoriarum “[[:Categoria:Familiae|Familiarum]]” ubi idoneum sit, sive *# in arborem categoriarum “[[:Categoria:Gentes|Gentium]]” ubi idoneum sit * Categorias '''de singulis urbibus''' generosius creamus. Tales categorias oportet creare si de rebus huic urbi relevantibus commentationes habemus ({{*eg}} de urbe ipsa, de dioecesi et episcopis, de universitate, de aedificiis). Tales categoriae inserendae sunt: *# semper in categoriam de civitatis illius urbibus ({{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Urbes Cambriae]]) *# in categoriam de provincia seu regione si sit ({{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Monemutensis]]) *# sed non in categorias miscellaneas et contingentes ({{*eg}} <s>[[:Categoria:Urbes Viae Sericariae]]</s>): minime categoria sed ''commentatio'' de ea urbe in categorias miscellaneas inserenda est * Categorias '''de vitae curriculo''' generosius creamus in seriebus gubernatorum, episcoporum, alumnorum et professorum. Categorias iam oportet creare quando de uno homine, tali categoriae relevanti, paginam biographicam creaverimus; subcategoriae erunt sub universitatibus, academiis pictorum architectorumque et musicorum necnon histrionum, atque sub urbe sede episcopali et sub politicis uniuscuiusque civitatis. Categorias de alumnis ludorum vel scholarum iuvenum rarius creamus: si creare vis, tibi oportet alumnos plures ab initio reperire et in categoriam inserere * Categorias '''de incolis omnium civitatum liberarum''' omniumque civitatum C.F.A. iam habemus. Categorias de incolis singularum insularum creare solemus: vide {{*eg}} [[:Categoria:Incolae Siciliae]]. Categorias incolarum urbium regionumque aliarum parviorum rarius creamus: si creare vis, tibi oportet incolas plures ab initio reperire et in categoriam inserere == De ordine paginarum in categoriis == Paginae in categoriis secundum abecedarium ordinantur. Argumentum alterum nexui categoriae additum efficit ut pagina alio nomine in categoria ordinetur, {{*ie}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE|NOMEN QUOD ORDINEM DETERMINABIT]]</syntaxhighlight>. In Vicipaedia Latina sunt etiam nonnulla signa specialia quae, quum in ordine alphabetico ante litteras appareant, adhibentur ad ordinem paginarum ita mutandum ut aliquae paginae loco conspicuiore collocentur. Sequens tabella signa usitatissima atque eorum rationem ostendit. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Signum ! Syntaxis vicitextualis ! Syntaxis formularis ! Significatio ! Exemplum |- | <code>&nbsp;</code> ''(spatium)'' | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE| ]]</syntaxhighlight><br /><br />({{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\[\[Categoria:[^\{{!}}\]]+\{{!}} \]\]/i|quaerere|intra=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 100, 101, 118, 119, 828, 829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}}) | ― | Haec syntaxis [[Formula:Pagina principalis categoriae|paginam principalem categoriae]] indicat, nam semper in capite categoriae, ante omnes alias, ponit paginas | Videatur scriptum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Roma| ]]</syntaxhighlight> in pagina “[[Roma]]”; deinde videatur [[:Categoria:Roma]]. |- | <code>-</code> | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE|-]]</syntaxhighlight><br /><br />({{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\[\[Categoria:[^\{{!}}\]]+\{{!}}-\]\]/i|quaerere|intra=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 100, 101, 118, 119, 828, 829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}}) | ― | Haec syntaxis aliquando ita adhibetur ut paginae quae divisiones cuiusdam categoriae repraesentant ante alias paginas numerentur. | Videatur scriptum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Corsica|-]]</syntaxhighlight> in pagina “[[Corsica Superior]]”; deinde videatur [[:Categoria:Corsica]]. |- | <code>!</code> | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE|!]]</syntaxhighlight><br /><br />({{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\[\[Categoria:[^\{{!}}\]]+\{{!}}!\]\]/i|quaerere|intra=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 100, 101, 118, 119, 828, 829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}}) | <code>{{Fnp|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|NOMEN CATEGORIAE}}</code> | Hac syntaxi [[Auxilium:Formulae|formulae]] et [[Vicipaedia:Lua|moduli]] numerantur qui paginas in ipsam categoriam sua sponte stipant. | Videatur scriptum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Asteroides}}</syntaxhighlight> in pagina “[[Formula:Capsa asteroidis/doc]]”; deinde videatur [[:Categoria:Asteroides]]. |- | <code>@</code> | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE|@]]</syntaxhighlight><br /><br />({{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\[\[Categoria:[^\{{!}}\]]+\{{!}}\@\]\]/i|quaerere|intra=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 100, 101, 118, 119, 828, 829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}}) | <code>{{Fnp|Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita|NOMEN CATEGORIAE}}</code> | Hac syntaxi [[Auxilium:Formulae|formulae]] et [[Vicipaedia:Lua|moduli]] numerantur qui saepissime in paginis eiusdem categoriae adhibentur. | Videatur scriptum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita|Praenomina}}</syntaxhighlight> in pagina “[[Formula:Capsa nominis/doc]]”; deinde videatur [[:Categoria:Praenomina]]. |- | <code>*</code> | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE|*]]</syntaxhighlight><br /><br />({{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\[\[Categoria:[^\{{!}}\]]+\{{!}}\*\]\]/i|quaerere|intra=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 100, 101, 118, 119, 828, 829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}}) | <code>{{Fnp|Metaformula tantum|NOMEN CATEGORIAE}}</code><br />aut<br /><code>{{Fnp|Metaformula quoque|NOMEN CATEGORIAE}}</code> | Hoc signum in [[:Categoria:Categoriae formularum Vicipaedianarum|categoriis formularum]] tantum invenitur; metaformulas metamodulosque indicat qui ad formulas ibidem numeratas creandas adhibiti sunt. | Videatur scriptum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Metaformula tantum|Formulae stipularum}}</syntaxhighlight> in pagina “[[Formula:Metastipula/doc]]”; deinde videatur [[:Categoria:Formulae stipularum]]. |- | <code>#[NUMERUS]</code> | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE|#123456]]</syntaxhighlight><br /><br />({{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\[\[Categoria:[^\{{!}}\]]+\{{!}}\#/i|quaerere|intra=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 100, 101, 118, 119, 828, 829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}}) | ― | Haec syntaxis aliquando adhibetur ad paginas secundum quandam numerationem ordinandas | Videatur scriptum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Reges Aegypti|#04]]</syntaxhighlight> in “[[:Categoria:Pharaones domus quartae Aegypti]]”; deinde videatur [[:Categoria:Reges Aegypti]]. |- | <code>+</code> | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE|+]]</syntaxhighlight><br /><br />({{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\[\[Categoria:[^\{{!}}\]]+\{{!}}\+\]\]/i|quaerere|intra=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 100, 101, 118, 119, 828, 829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}}) | ― | Hac syntaxi paginae numerantur quae alium indicem, saepe ampliorem, praebent. | Videatur scriptum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Communia Praefecturae Septentrionis|+]]</syntaxhighlight> in pagina “[[Index communium praefecturae Septentrionis]]”; deinde videatur [[:Categoria:Communia Praefecturae Septentrionis]]. |- | <code>ß</code> | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE|ß]]</syntaxhighlight><br /><br />({{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\[\[Categoria:[^\{{!}}\]]+\{{!}}ß\]\]/i|quaerere|intra=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 100, 101, 118, 119, 828, 829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}}) | ― | Item ut <code>@</code> (vide supra), sed praesertim in [[Formula:Capsa navigationis|capsis navigationis]] adhibitum. | |- | <code>^</code> | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:NOMEN CATEGORIAE|ß]]</syntaxhighlight><br /><br />({{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\[\[Categoria:[^\{{!}}\]]+\{{!}}\^\]\]/i|quaerere|intra=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 100, 101, 118, 119, 828, 829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}}) | ― | Opes Vicipaedianae (saepe e [[:Categoria:Intra Vicipaediam]]) quas '''post''' litteras abecedarii numerari oportet. | Videatur scriptum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Categoria:Finnia|^]]</syntaxhighlight> in categoria “[[:Categoria:Porta Finniae”; deinde videatur [[:Categoria:Finnia]]. |} Hic est plenior (quamquam adhuc imperfectus) index signorum quibus paginae ante litteras abecedarii ordinantur: : '''<code>_ - – — , ; : ! ? . · ' " ( ) [ ] { } @ * / \ & # % • ` + ÷ × < = > | ~ − $ £ ß</code>''' Paginae autem his signis '''post''' litteras abecedarii ordinantur: : '''<code>^</code>''' == De categoriis tuendis == * In categorias quae in serie categoriarum similium non inseruntur et vel unum vel duo membra, nec plura, continent, formulam “{{fn|Inops}}” imponere licet; membrorum inopia manente et consensu categoriae retinentis carente, post septem dies delere licet * Categorias contra consensum creatas vel nominatas licet delere, membraque sub categoriis idoneis reinscribere {{NexInt}} * [[:Categoria:Omnia]] (radix categoriarum) * [[:Categoria:Formulae categoriarum]] * [[Specialis:Categoriarum arbor]] (arbor categoriarum) * [[Specialis:Categoriae]] (index categoriarum alphabeticus) * [[Vicipaedia:PetScan|PetScan]] (categoriae quomodo sunt quaerendae et combinandae) * {{Fn|Index synopticus categoriae}} * {{Fn|Pagina principalis categoriae}} * {{Fn|In his categoriis secundum partem alphanumericam nominis}} === Disputationes de categoriis adhibendis et nominandis === {{Folium flexibile | exordium = collapsus | praeambulum = Hic infra varias disputationes de categoriis adhibendis et nominandis numerantur. | corpus = ==== De seriebus variis categoriarum ==== {{Index imperfectus}} * De advenis vel migrantibus [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Maybe worth mentioning]] * De asteroidibus [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Nomina asteroidum]] * De categoriis operarum (musicarum) [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Year categories for music]] * De comitatuum et urbium incolis [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Inhabitants of US counties and towns]] * De familiis et generibus biologicis [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Categories for Origanum and Galtonia]] * De hominibus et eorum muneribus [[Disputatio Vicipaediae:De categoriis#About Categoria:Homines and Categoria:Biographia]] et [[Disputatio:Iacobus Henricus Breasted#Categoriae]] et [[Disputatio Usoris:Tbook#Categoria:People by profession]] * De hominibus origine ethnico digestis [[Disputatio Categoriae:Actores Civitatum Foederatarum origine ethnica digesti]] * De incolis civitatum antiquarum [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Hawai]] * De interpretibus et translatoribus [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Category for translators?]] * De mortuis, interfectis, morte damnatis, morbo adflictis … [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium_14#Categoria:Morte damnati &c.]] * De participibus bellorum [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Inhabitants of US counties and towns]] et [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#One more thing ...]] * De philosophis [[Disputatio Categoriae:Actores Civitatum Foederatarum origine ethnica digesti]] * De poetis [[Disputatio Vicipaediae:PetScan‎]] * De professoribus moleste agglomeratis [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Professores melius quam Professor]] * De religioni haerentibus [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Explaining about categories]] et [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Religious believers]] * De scriptoribus [[Disputatio Vicipaediae:De categoriis#Categoria:Auctores versus Categoria:Scriptores]] ==== De categoriis singulis ==== {{Index imperfectus}} * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Ethnographi/Ethnologi?|Categoria:Ethnographi]] et Categoria:Ethnologi * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#People who have as yet failed to die|Categoria:Homines vivi]] et [[Disputatio Categoriae:Homines vivi|hic]] * [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 14#Nomen Anglicum: scavenger|Categoria:Necrophagi]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Category change|Categoria:Religio Buddhistica]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Quaestio de categoriis|Categoria:Societates civitatum]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Quaestio de categoriis|Categoria:Societates internationales]] ==== De categoriis creandis et utendis ==== {{Index imperfectus}} * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Intention|Quomodo categoriae creantur]] * [[Disputatio Vicipaediae:De categoriis#Category names (proposal)|De titulis pluralibus]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Explaining about categories|De usu categoriarum]] et [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Do you know what categories are for?|hic]] et [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 14#Writers and other biographical categories|hic]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Explaining about categories|De structura nominum categoriarum ante earum creationem disputanda]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Explaining about categories|De nexibus rubris categoriarum cavendis]] et [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Use of categories|hic]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Category change|De numero minimo “membrorum”]] et [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Use of categories|hic]] et [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 14#Writers and other biographical categories|hic]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#One more thing ...|De supercategoriis]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Categories for Origanum and Galtonia|De Vicipaedia Anglica imitanda aut non imitanda]] * [[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor#Hawai|De nexibus categoriarum intervici]] }} == Nexus externi == * [[:de:Wikipedia:Kategorien/Meinungsbild|Meinungsbild]] apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam * [[:de:Benutzer:Duesentrieb/Semantic Wiki Web]] apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam [[Categoria:Vicipaedia]] [[Categoria:Omnia|!]] [[Categoria:Paginae plurilingues]] 2nagi5if6lggukcl0dw1rqzdfd9b9cq 0 14367 3982883 3875405 2026-08-21T15:48:12Z Bis-Taurinus 70496 /* */ 3982883 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Calendarium-Augusti}} '''23 Augusti''' [[dies]] 235ª anni est (236ª [[Annus bisextilis|annis bisextilibus]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 130 dies manent. Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est ''ante diem decimum Kalendas Septembris'', quod a.d. X Kal. Sept. [[abbreviatio|abbreviatur]]. == Eventa == === Saeculo 5 === * [[476]] - Ultimus [[Imperium Romanum Occidentale|imperator Romanus occidentalis]], [[Flavius Romulus|Romulus Augustulus]] ab [[Odoacer|Odoacre]], duce Germanorum deponitur. === Saeculo 17 === * [[1664]] - [[Fridericus III (rex Daniae)|Fridericus III]] rex [[Dania]]e civitati [[Altona]]e ius urbis dat post [[Christianus II (rex Daniae)|Christianum II]]. === Saeculo 19 === * [[1866]] - [[Bellum Germanicum]] finitur. * [[1887]] - [[Parlamentum Britannicum]] legem constituit, qua lege merces e [[Germania]] evectae signo "''Made in Germany''" (Lat. fabricatum in Germania) affici deberent. Lex proposita erat, ut emptores Britannici merces qualitatis peioris facilius animadvertere possent. Sed postea haec inscriptio paulatim signum qualitatis superioris mercium in Germania fabricatarum fiebat. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1939]] - [[Pactum Ribbentrop-Molotovianum|Foedus]] inter Germaniam et [[Russia]]m de amicitia convenit. Clam autem Hitler et [[Iosephus Stalin]] etiam de [[Polonia]] inter se dividenda conveniunt. * [[1944]] - [[Michael (rex Romaniae)|Michael]] rex [[Romania]]e dictatorem [[Ioannes Antonescu]] dimittit et pacem ab [[Unio Sovietica|Unione Sovietica]] petit. * [[1945]] - Iosephus Stalin milites [[Iaponia|Iaponicos]] post [[Secundum bellum mundanum]] in carcerum in Siberia sitam mittit. * [[1946]] - [[Slesvicum et Holsatia]] atque [[Rhenania Septentrionalis-Vestfalia]] terrae Germaniae condiuntur. * [[1990]] - Legati [[Camera Popularis RDG|Camerae Popularis RDG]] decernunt, ut [[RPDG]] secundum articulum 23 [[Lex Fundamentalis Germaniae|legis fundamentalis Germaniae]] die [[3 Octobris]] eiusdem anni ad [[Res publica Foederalis Germanica (1949-1990)|Rem publicam Foederalem Germanicam]] accederet. == Nati == === Saeculo 17 === * [[1699]] - [[Carolus Stephanus Ludovicus Camus]], [[astronomus]] et [[mathematicus]] [[Francia|Francicus]] (mortuus anno [[1768]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1740]] - [[Ioannes VI (imperator Russiae)|Ioannes VI]], imperator Russiae (mortuus anno [[1764]]) * [[1754]] - [[Ludovicus XVI]], rex [[Francia]]e, supplicio affectus anno [[1793]]. * [[1756]] - [[Franciscus Chabot]], [[Ordo Fratrum Minorum Capuccinorum|Ordinis Fratrum Minorum Capuccinorum]] frater, et postea inter [[Rerum Francicarum eversio]]nem rerum politicarum peritus (supplicio affectus anno [[1794]]) * [[1769]] - [[Georgius Cuvier]], zoologicus et palaeontologicus Francicus (mortuus anno [[1832]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1811]] - [[Augustus Bravais]], [[physicus]], astronomus et [[geologus]] Francicus (mortuus anno [[1863]]) * [[1864]] - [[Eleutherius Benizelus]], primus minister [[Graecia]]e (mortuus anno [[1936]]) * [[1880]] - [[Alexander Grin]], scriptor Russicus (mortuus [[1932]]) * 1887 - [[Fridericus Zander]], vir scientiae et inventor [[URSS|Sovieticus]] (mortuus [[1933]]). === Saeculo 20 === * [[1910]] - [[Iosephus Meazza]], pedilusor [[Italia|Italicus]] (mortuus anno [[1979]]) * [[1912]] - [[Eugenius Kelly]], pellicularum histrio, moderator cinematographicus, saltator et coreographus [[CFA|Americanus]] (mortuus anno [[1996]]) * [[1917]] - [[Antonius Innocenti]], [[cardinalis]] Italicus (mortuus anno [[2008]]) * [[1921]] - [[Kennethus Arrow]], oeconomicus Americanus (mortuus anno [[2017]]) * [[1924]] **[[Robertus Merton Solow]], oeconomiae peritus Americanus (mortuus anno [[2023]]) **[[Ephraim Kishon]], scriptor [[Israel]]is (mortuus [[2005]]) * [[1927]] - [[Gualterius Giller]], [[actor]] Germanicus (mortuus anno [[2011]]) * [[1930]] - [[Michael Rocard]], vir publicus Francicus (mortuus anno [[2016]]) * [[1931]] - [[Hamilton Smith]], [[microbiologia|microbiologicus]] Americanus qui [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae]] accepit. * 1933 **[[Robertus F. Curl Jr.]], chemicus [[CFA|Americanus]] (mortuus anno [[2022]]) **[[Petrus Barton Wilson]], rerum politicarum peritus Americanus * [[1934]] ** [[Carolus Amigo Vallejo]], cardinalis [[Hispania|Hispanicus]] (mortuus anno [[2022]]) ** [[Barbara Eden]], actrix Americana * [[1940]] - [[Thomas Steitz]], biologus et biochemicus Americanus (mortuus NNO [[2018]]) * [[1948]] - [[Andreas Pleșu]], philosophus, historiae artis peritus atque vir publicus Dacoromanicus * [[1954]] - [[Halimah Yacob]], praeses [[Singapura]]e * [[1967]] - [[Iacobus Murphy]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Britanniarum regnum|Britannicus]] factionis [[Factio Laboris|Laboris]] * [[1968]] - [[Hajime Moriyasu]], pedilusor Iaponicus * [[1974]] **[[Antonius Brunner]], vir publicus [[Helvetia|Helveticus]]. **[[Constantinus Novoselov]], physicus Russo-Britannicus * [[1978]] - [[Kobe Bryant]]; mortus est anno [[2020]] * [[1984]] - [[Glen Johnson]], pedilusor [[Anglia|Anglicus]] * [[1986]] - [[Andra (cantrix)|Andra]], cantrix Dacoromanica * [[1990]] - [[Raimundus Manco]], pedilusor [[Peruvia]]nus == Mortui == === Saeculo 1 === * [[93]] - [[Gnaeus Iulius Agricola]], vir politicum [[Roma antiqua|Romanus]]; natus est anno [[40]]. === Saeculo 14 === * [[1305]] - [[Guillelmus Wallaceus]], propugnator libertatis [[Scotia|Scotorum]]; natus est circa annum [[1270]]. === Saeculo 19 === * [[1802]] - [[Corona Schröter]], cantrix et actrix Germanica (nata anno [[1751]]) * [[1865]] - [[Ferdinandus Georgius Waldmüller]], pictor Austriacus (natus anno 1793) * [[1883]] - [[Sarah Yorke Jackson]], Prima Domina Civitatum Foederatarum (nata anno [[1805]]) * [[1892]] - [[Deodorus da Fonseca]], praeses [[Brasilia]]e (natus est anno [[1827]]) * [[1900]] - [[Kuroda Kiyotaka]], primus minister Iaponiae; natus est anno [[1844]]. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1926]] - [[Rudolphus Valentino|Rudolphus Valentinus]], [[histrio]] Italicus (natus anno [[1895]] qui movit in Americam anno [[1913]]) * 1933 - [[Adolphus Loos]], architectus Austro Tzekus (natus anno [[1870]]) * [[1957]] - [[Ioannes Mercati]], cardinalis Italicus et ab anno 1936 usque ad [[mors|mortem]] ''Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae bibliothecarius et archivarius cardinalis'' (natus anno 1866) * [[1989]] - [[Ronaldus Laing]], psychiatrus [[Scotia|Scotus]] (natus anno 1927) === Saeculo 21 === * [[2016]] - [[Reinhardus Selten]], mathematicus et oeconomiae peritus Germanicus (natus anno [[1930]]) * 2023 - [[Eugenius Prigožin]], coquus Russicus et dux militum [[Grex Wagner|gregis Wagner]] (natus anno [[1961]]) == Festa et Feriae == * Romani antiqui [[Vulcanus|Volcanalia]] eo die celebrabant. * Dies internationalis [[abolitionismus|abolitionis]] [[servitus|servitutis]] ([[Unesco]]) * [[Dies Europaeus victimis memorandis|dies Europaeus commemorationis]] ([[Unio Europaea]]) {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] ae9jmot4y0kb856u8y3d5zadcoopf38 3982891 3982883 2026-08-21T16:05:33Z Bis-Taurinus 70496 /* Eventa */ 3982891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Calendarium-Augusti}} '''23 Augusti''' [[dies]] 235ª anni est (236ª [[Annus bisextilis|annis bisextilibus]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 130 dies manent. Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est ''ante diem decimum Kalendas Septembris'', quod a.d. X Kal. Sept. [[abbreviatio|abbreviatur]]. [[Fasciculus:RomulusAugustus.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.4|[[Romulus Augustulus]]]] == Eventa == === Saeculo 5 === * [[476]] - Ultimus [[Imperium Romanum Occidentale|imperator Romanus occidentalis]], [[Flavius Romulus|Romulus Augustulus]] ab [[Odoacer|Odoacre]], duce Germanorum deponitur. === Saeculo 17 === * [[1664]] - [[Fridericus III (rex Daniae)|Fridericus III]] rex [[Dania]]e civitati [[Altona]]e ius urbis dat post [[Christianus II (rex Daniae)|Christianum II]]. === Saeculo 19 === * [[1866]] - [[Bellum Germanicum]] finitur. * [[1887]] - [[Parlamentum Britannicum]] legem constituit, qua lege merces e [[Germania]] evectae signo "''Made in Germany''" (Lat. fabricatum in Germania) affici deberent. Lex proposita erat, ut emptores Britannici merces qualitatis peioris facilius animadvertere possent. Sed postea haec inscriptio paulatim signum qualitatis superioris mercium in Germania fabricatarum fiebat. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1939]] - [[Pactum Ribbentrop-Molotovianum|Foedus]] inter Germaniam et [[Russia]]m de amicitia convenit. Clam autem Hitler et [[Iosephus Stalin]] etiam de [[Polonia]] inter se dividenda conveniunt. * [[1944]] - [[Michael (rex Romaniae)|Michael]] rex [[Romania]]e dictatorem [[Ioannes Antonescu]] dimittit et pacem ab [[Unio Sovietica|Unione Sovietica]] petit. * [[1945]] - Iosephus Stalin milites [[Iaponia|Iaponicos]] post [[Secundum bellum mundanum]] in carcerum in Siberia sitam mittit. * [[1946]] - [[Slesvicum et Holsatia]] atque [[Rhenania Septentrionalis-Vestfalia]] terrae Germaniae condiuntur. * [[1990]] - Legati [[Camera Popularis RDG|Camerae Popularis RDG]] decernunt, ut [[RPDG]] secundum articulum 23 [[Lex Fundamentalis Germaniae|legis fundamentalis Germaniae]] die [[3 Octobris]] eiusdem anni ad [[Res publica Foederalis Germanica (1949-1990)|Rem publicam Foederalem Germanicam]] accederet. == Nati == === Saeculo 17 === * [[1699]] - [[Carolus Stephanus Ludovicus Camus]], [[astronomus]] et [[mathematicus]] [[Francia|Francicus]] (mortuus anno [[1768]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1740]] - [[Ioannes VI (imperator Russiae)|Ioannes VI]], imperator Russiae (mortuus anno [[1764]]) * [[1754]] - [[Ludovicus XVI]], rex [[Francia]]e, supplicio affectus anno [[1793]]. * [[1756]] - [[Franciscus Chabot]], [[Ordo Fratrum Minorum Capuccinorum|Ordinis Fratrum Minorum Capuccinorum]] frater, et postea inter [[Rerum Francicarum eversio]]nem rerum politicarum peritus (supplicio affectus anno [[1794]]) * [[1769]] - [[Georgius Cuvier]], zoologicus et palaeontologicus Francicus (mortuus anno [[1832]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1811]] - [[Augustus Bravais]], [[physicus]], astronomus et [[geologus]] Francicus (mortuus anno [[1863]]) * [[1864]] - [[Eleutherius Benizelus]], primus minister [[Graecia]]e (mortuus anno [[1936]]) * [[1880]] - [[Alexander Grin]], scriptor Russicus (mortuus [[1932]]) * 1887 - [[Fridericus Zander]], vir scientiae et inventor [[URSS|Sovieticus]] (mortuus [[1933]]). === Saeculo 20 === * [[1910]] - [[Iosephus Meazza]], pedilusor [[Italia|Italicus]] (mortuus anno [[1979]]) * [[1912]] - [[Eugenius Kelly]], pellicularum histrio, moderator cinematographicus, saltator et coreographus [[CFA|Americanus]] (mortuus anno [[1996]]) * [[1917]] - [[Antonius Innocenti]], [[cardinalis]] Italicus (mortuus anno [[2008]]) * [[1921]] - [[Kennethus Arrow]], oeconomicus Americanus (mortuus anno [[2017]]) * [[1924]] **[[Robertus Merton Solow]], oeconomiae peritus Americanus (mortuus anno [[2023]]) **[[Ephraim Kishon]], scriptor [[Israel]]is (mortuus [[2005]]) * [[1927]] - [[Gualterius Giller]], [[actor]] Germanicus (mortuus anno [[2011]]) * [[1930]] - [[Michael Rocard]], vir publicus Francicus (mortuus anno [[2016]]) * [[1931]] - [[Hamilton Smith]], [[microbiologia|microbiologicus]] Americanus qui [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae]] accepit. * 1933 **[[Robertus F. Curl Jr.]], chemicus [[CFA|Americanus]] (mortuus anno [[2022]]) **[[Petrus Barton Wilson]], rerum politicarum peritus Americanus * [[1934]] ** [[Carolus Amigo Vallejo]], cardinalis [[Hispania|Hispanicus]] (mortuus anno [[2022]]) ** [[Barbara Eden]], actrix Americana * [[1940]] - [[Thomas Steitz]], biologus et biochemicus Americanus (mortuus NNO [[2018]]) * [[1948]] - [[Andreas Pleșu]], philosophus, historiae artis peritus atque vir publicus Dacoromanicus * [[1954]] - [[Halimah Yacob]], praeses [[Singapura]]e * [[1967]] - [[Iacobus Murphy]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Britanniarum regnum|Britannicus]] factionis [[Factio Laboris|Laboris]] * [[1968]] - [[Hajime Moriyasu]], pedilusor Iaponicus * [[1974]] **[[Antonius Brunner]], vir publicus [[Helvetia|Helveticus]]. **[[Constantinus Novoselov]], physicus Russo-Britannicus * [[1978]] - [[Kobe Bryant]]; mortus est anno [[2020]] * [[1984]] - [[Glen Johnson]], pedilusor [[Anglia|Anglicus]] * [[1986]] - [[Andra (cantrix)|Andra]], cantrix Dacoromanica * [[1990]] - [[Raimundus Manco]], pedilusor [[Peruvia]]nus == Mortui == === Saeculo 1 === * [[93]] - [[Gnaeus Iulius Agricola]], vir politicum [[Roma antiqua|Romanus]]; natus est anno [[40]]. === Saeculo 14 === * [[1305]] - [[Guillelmus Wallaceus]], propugnator libertatis [[Scotia|Scotorum]]; natus est circa annum [[1270]]. === Saeculo 19 === * [[1802]] - [[Corona Schröter]], cantrix et actrix Germanica (nata anno [[1751]]) * [[1865]] - [[Ferdinandus Georgius Waldmüller]], pictor Austriacus (natus anno 1793) * [[1883]] - [[Sarah Yorke Jackson]], Prima Domina Civitatum Foederatarum (nata anno [[1805]]) * [[1892]] - [[Deodorus da Fonseca]], praeses [[Brasilia]]e (natus est anno [[1827]]) * [[1900]] - [[Kuroda Kiyotaka]], primus minister Iaponiae; natus est anno [[1844]]. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1926]] - [[Rudolphus Valentino|Rudolphus Valentinus]], [[histrio]] Italicus (natus anno [[1895]] qui movit in Americam anno [[1913]]) * 1933 - [[Adolphus Loos]], architectus Austro Tzekus (natus anno [[1870]]) * [[1957]] - [[Ioannes Mercati]], cardinalis Italicus et ab anno 1936 usque ad [[mors|mortem]] ''Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae bibliothecarius et archivarius cardinalis'' (natus anno 1866) * [[1989]] - [[Ronaldus Laing]], psychiatrus [[Scotia|Scotus]] (natus anno 1927) === Saeculo 21 === * [[2016]] - [[Reinhardus Selten]], mathematicus et oeconomiae peritus Germanicus (natus anno [[1930]]) * 2023 - [[Eugenius Prigožin]], coquus Russicus et dux militum [[Grex Wagner|gregis Wagner]] (natus anno [[1961]]) == Festa et Feriae == * Romani antiqui [[Vulcanus|Volcanalia]] eo die celebrabant. * Dies internationalis [[abolitionismus|abolitionis]] [[servitus|servitutis]] ([[Unesco]]) * [[Dies Europaeus victimis memorandis|dies Europaeus commemorationis]] ([[Unio Europaea]]) {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] raucfgj8fxvub99o2lo9raztnve37i5 0 14385 3982780 3846629 2026-08-21T12:21:56Z Bis-Taurinus 70496 Solitas emendationes feci. 3982780 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Calendarium-Augusti}} '''20 Augusti''' [[dies]] 232ª anni est (233ª [[Annus bisextilis|annis bisextilibus]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 133 dies manent. Secundum [[Calendarium Romanum]] est '''ante diem tredecimum Kalendas Septembres''', quod ''a.d. XIII Kal. Sept.'' [[abbreviatio|abbreviatur]]. [[Fasciculus:King Otto of Greece in national costume.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.49|[[Otho (rex Graeciae)|Otho]] rex Graeciae]] == Eventa == === Saeculo 19 === * [[1841]] - [[Otho (rex Graeciae)|Otho]] rex [[Graecia]]e [[Alexander Maurocordatus|Alexandrum Maurocordatus]] primum ministrum dimittit et ipse caput consilii ministrorum fit. * [[1858]] - [[Carolus Darwin]] primum theoriam [[evolutio]]nis cum [[selectio naturalis|selectione naturali]] diurnario in [[Londonium|Londonio]]{{dubsig}} * [[1866]] - In [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatibus Confoederatis Americae]] primum [[Collegium opificum]] conditur. * [[1882]] - Opus musicum ''[[Exordium 1812]]'' a [[Petrus Čajkovskij|Petro Čajkovskij]] primum luditur. * [[1898]] - [[Ronaldus Ross]] ex [[anopheles]] [[Plasmodium]] invensit.{{dubsig}} === Saeculo 20 === * [[1940]] - [[Leo Trotzki]], rerum novarum studens et homo politicus [[Russia|Russicus]] ab agente [[Iosephus Stalin|Iosephi Stalin]], dictatoris [[Unio Sovietica|Unionis Sovieticae]] in [[Mexicum|Mexico]] sauciatur; die sequente morietur. * [[1949]] - [[Hungaria]] res publica popularis fit. * [[1960]] - Foederatione [[Senegalia]]e et [[Malium|Malii]] sublata ambae civitates liberae fiunt. * [[1961]] - [[Moktar Ould Daddah]], adhuc praeses ministrorum, praeses rei publicae liberae [[Mauritania]]e fit. * [[1980]] - [[Consilium securitatis]] resolutionem 476 contra [[invasio]]nem [[Israël]]is in tota [[Hierosolyma]] decernit. * [[1988]] - [[Bellum Sinus Persici Primum]] finitur. == Nati == === Saeculo 16 === * [[1561]] - [[Iacobus Peri]], [[compositor]] [[Italia|Italicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1633]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1786]] - [[Iosephus Ioachim Prieto Vial]], praeses [[Chilia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1854]]) * [[1792]] - [[Iacobus Regius de Saint Arnaud]], dux militum et marescalcus [[Francia|Francicus]] (†&nbsp;1854) * [[1799]] - [[Iacobus Prinsep]], orientalista et eruens antiquietatis [[Anglia|Anglicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1840]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1833]] - [[Beniaminus Harrison]], praeses CFA (†&nbsp;[[1901]]) * [[1860]] - [[Raimundus Poincaré]], praeses [[Francia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1934]]) * [[1864]] - [[Ioannes Brătianu]], vir publicus [[Romania|Dacoromanicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1927]]) * [[1875]] - [[Leonardus De Lorenzo]], [[tibicen]] et compositor Italicus (†&nbsp;[[1962]]) * [[1883]] - [[Robertus Lehr]], vir publicus [[Germania|Germanicus]] factionis [[CDU]] (†&nbsp;[[1956]]) * [[1884]] - [[Rudolphus Bultmann]], theologus reformatus Germanicus (†&nbsp;[[1976]]) * [[1886]] - [[Paulus Tillich]], theologus Germanicus (†&nbsp;[[1965]]) * [[1889]] - [[Cora Coralina]], [[scriptrix]] [[poeta|poetriaque]] Brasiliensis (mortua anno [[1985]]) * [[1890]] - [[Howard Phillips Lovecraft]], scriptor mythistoriarum horroris Americanus (†&nbsp;[[1937]]) === Saeculo 20 === * 1901 - [[Salvator Quasimodo]], scriptor Italicus (†&nbsp;[[1968]]) * [[1913]] - [[Rogerius Sperry]], biologus Americanus (†&nbsp;[[1994]]) * [[1916]] - [[Ricardus Stücklen]], vir publicus Germanicus factionis [[CSU]] (†&nbsp;[[2002]]) * [[1935]] - [[Ronaldus Paul]], vir publicus Americanus factionis [[Factio Republicana (CFA)|Republicanae]] * [[1936]] - [[Hideki Shirakawa]], chemicus [[Iaponia|Iaponicus]], [[Praemium Nobelianum chemiae|praemio Nobeliano chemiae]] affectus * [[1937]] - [[Andreas Končalovskij]], moderator cinematographicus Russicus * [[1941]] - [[Slobodan Milošević]], praeses [[Iugoslavia]]e, deinde [[Serbia]]e (†&nbsp;[[2006]]) * [[1944]] - [[Rajiv Gandhi]], [[India]]e ministrorum praeses (†&nbsp;[[1991]]) * [[1946]] - [[Laurentius Fabius]], vir publicus Francicus et administer Franciae * [[1948]] - [[Robertus Antonius Plant]], cantor [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannicus]] ([[Led Zeppelin]]). * [[1954]] - [[Aldus Giordano]], [[archiepiscopus]] [[Ecclesia Catholica|catholicus]] Italianus et nuntius apostolicus (†&nbsp;[[2021]]) * [[1956]] - [[Robertus Regazzi]], fidicularum factor Italicus * [[1966]] - [[Henricus Letta]], vir publicus Italicus factionis [[Factio Democratica (Italia)|Democraticae]] et primus minister Italiae * [[1982]] - [[Ioshua Kennedy]], pedilusor [[Australia]]nus * [[1983]] ** [[Georgius Zhirkov]], pedilusor Russicus ** [[Andreas Garfield]], actor Americanus * [[1992]] - [[Demetria Lovato]], cantrix Americana == Mortui == === Saeculo 1 === * [[2]] - [[Lucius Caesar]], consul Romanus (*&nbsp;[[17 a.C.n.]]) === Saeculo 10 === * [[984]] - [[Ioannes XIV]], [[papa]] (*&nbsp;ignoto die). === Saeculo 11 === * [[1025]] - [[Burchardus Wormatiensis]], [[episcopus]] [[Wormatia|Wormatiensis]] (*&nbsp;circa annum [[1962]]) === Saeculo 14 === * [[1396]] - [[Marsilius Inghensis]], magister apud [[Universitas Parisiensis|universitatem Parisiensem]], commentator operum [[Aristoteles|Aristotelis]] (*&nbsp;inter annos [[1335]] et [[1340]]) === Saeculo 16 === * [[1528]] - [[Georgius a Frundsberg]] dux [[landsknecti|landsknectorum]] (*&nbsp;[[1473]]) * [[1572]] - [[Michael López de Legazpi]], navigator et [[miles]] [[Hispania|Hispanicus]], conditor [[Manila]]e (*&nbsp;[[1503]]) === Saeculo 17 === * [[1611]] - [[Thomas Ludovicus de Victoria]], compositor Hispanicus (*&nbsp;[[1548]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1823]] ** [[Pius VII]], papa (*&nbsp;[[1742]]) ** [[Fridericus Arnoldus Brockhaus]], editor Germanicus, qui societatem editricem ''[[Brockhaus]]'' condidit (*&nbsp;[[1772]]) * [[1854]] - [[Fridericus Schelling]], philosophus Germanicus (*&nbsp;[[1775]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1914]] - [[Pius X]], papa (*&nbsp;[[1835]]) * [[1915]] - [[Paulus Ehrlich]], medicus Germanicus, [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae|praemio Nobeliano physiologiae et medicinae]] affectus (*&nbsp;[[1854]]) * [[1917]] - [[Adolphus de Baeyer]], chemicus Germanicus, praemio Nobeliano chemiae affectus (*&nbsp;[[1835]]) * 1980 - [[Iosephus Dassin]], cantor Americanus et Francicus (*&nbsp;[[1938]]) === Saeculo 21 === * [[2012]] - [[Meles Zenawi]], [[Aethiopia]]e ministrorum praeses (*&nbsp;[[1955]]) * [[2014]] - [[Edmundus Casimirus Szoka]], cardinalis Americanus (*&nbsp;[[1927]]) * [[2015]] - [[Leo Durov]], actor Russicus (*&nbsp;[[1931]]) * [[2017]] - [[Ieremias Lewis]], histrio et comoedus Americanus (*&nbsp;[[1926]]) == Festa et Feriae == * Dies [[Stephanus I (rex Hungariae)|Sancti Stephani]] (Hungaria) * Dies [[Culicidae|Culicidarum]] * Memoria [[Bernardus Claraevallensis|Sancti Bernardi Claraevallensis]], abbatis et Doctoris ecclesiae (ecclesia catholica) {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] gpzpwqbdgu17236sn8mk7ilur1c7e05 0 24781 3982940 3570771 2026-08-21T18:44:08Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Videdis|Decimus (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Desio.1.jpg|thumb|Villa Tittoni]] '''Dexium'''<ref name=":0">{{Graesse}}</ref><ref name=":1">[http://books.google.it/books?id=eodYAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Memorie spettanti alla storia, al governo ed alla descrizione della città, e della campagna di Milano, ne' secoli bassi, Volume 9 (Google eBook) conte Giorgio Giulini, Stamperia di G. Bianchi, 1760]</ref><ref name=":2">[http://books.google.it/books?id=YPzTAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA165&lpg=PA165&dq=%22Casale+Gausari%22&source=bl&ots=t9wRX4nf9Q&sig=u2X8tPvtfeKoeoJncKED0_Y5Nz0&hl=it&sa=X&ei=OtyrU-SkHM-y7Ab_noDgBw&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22Desio%22&f=false Dizionario di toponomastica lombarda Dante Olivieri, Lampi di stampa, 01/gen/2001 - 624 pagine]</ref> {{victio|Dexium|ii|n}} (alia nomina: ''Ad Decimum'',<ref name=":0" /> ''Desium'',<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> ''Deusium''<ref name=":2" />) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Desio|Desio]]'') est [[Urbes Italiae|Urbs]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 41&thinsp;550 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Modiciensis et Brigantina|Provincia Modiciensi et Brigantina]] situm. Urbani ''Dexiani'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di città.svg|''[[Urbs Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Geographia == Municipium patet 14 km² et altitudo urbis est 196 m. == Clari cives == * Papa [[Pius XI]] * [[Ludovicus Giussani]], presbyter == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Modiciensis et Brigantina]], * [[Brigantia (Italia)|Brigantia]] (''terra''), * [[Modicia]] (''urbs''), * [[Urbes Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121109120428/http://www.comune.desio.mb.it/ Situs Publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Desio|Dexium}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Desio (province of Monza and Brianza, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Modiciensi et Brigantina. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Urbes Italiae in Langobardia]] [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Modiciae et Brigantiae]] [[Categoria:Municipia in Brigantia]] mvk1lpf8t9lhzv19eu1vkycxv4zym8w 100 32454 3982942 3800979 2026-08-21T18:55:03Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Finniae | categoriaprincipalis = Finnia | imagoselecta = Alandia in anno 2007.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Amnis domusque ruri in [[Alandia]]. | titleforeground = #ffffff | titlebackground = #002f6c | titlestyling = font-variant:small-caps; | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #002f6c | scintuleft = yes | collaboratioleft = yes | nexusexterniright = yes }} [[Categoria:Porta Finniae|!]] k21kpi33203cqn0m03b1rjk9c1a9e31 3982943 3982942 2026-08-21T18:55:59Z Grufo 64423 3982943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Finniae | categoriaprincipalis = Finnia | imagoselecta = Alandia in anno 2007.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Amnis domusque ruri in [[Alandia]]. | titleforeground = #ffffff | titlebackground = #002f6c | titlestyling = font-variant:small-caps; | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #002f6c | scintuleft = yes | collaboratioleft = yes | nexusexterniright = yes }} [[Categoria:Porta Finniae| ]] s5lhledkljk40ql8yaax8oxfwqceahi 3982946 3982943 2026-08-21T18:56:44Z Grufo 64423 3982946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Finniae | categoriaprincipalis = Finnia | imagoselecta = Alandia in anno 2007.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Amnis domusque ruri in [[Alandia]]. | titleforeground = #ffffff | titlebackground = #002f6c | titlestyling = font-variant: small-caps; | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #002f6c | scintuleft = yes | collaboratioleft = yes | nexusexterniright = yes }} [[Categoria:Porta Finniae| ]] 9dbb3aepqnmz0j1sqoyb09z5rkg2jzq 0 33172 3982951 3976884 2026-08-21T19:08:31Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Christianismus Institutus est ut sola religio legitima */ 3982951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa principis Vicidata}} '''Flavius Theodosius''' ([[Cauca]]e apud [[Segovia]]m natus die [[11 Ianuarii]] [[347]] – obiit in [[Mediolanum|Mediolani]] die [[17 Ianuarii]] [[395]]), qui dicitur etiam ''Theodosius Magnus'', fuit [[imperator]], ultimus totius [[Imperium Romanum|Imperii Romani]] ab anno [[379]] usque ad [[mors|mortem]]. Edicta eius [[Christianismus|Christianismum]] solam religionem legitimam effecerunt et [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiam Catholicam]] plene comprobaverunt. Postea imperium inter liberos eius [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorium]] et [[Arcadius|Arcadium]] divisum est. == Vita == Theodosius natus est die 11 Ianuarii 347 [[Cauca]]e aut [[Italica]]e, [[Hispania]] magistratui militario [[Comes Theodosius|Flavio Theodosio]]. Cursum militarem diu egit multo vitae quoniam filius militis fuit. In expeditionem cum patre ad [[Britannia (provincia Romana)|Britannia]]m rebellionem supponere inter [[Magna Coniuratio|Magnam Coniurationem]]. Dux Moesiae erat in 374. Mox autem deinde pater eius supplicio capitis affectus est et demissus e gradu, rationibus adhuc obscuris. Sed fortasse est propter cladem et exstinctionem duarum legionum sub imperio suo a [[Sarmatae|Sarmatis]] in sero 374. Hinc recessit ad Hispaniam. Post breve spatium obscuritatis et effugii ab insectatione inter discordia post mortem [[Valentinianus I|Valentiniani]], mox postea gradus pristinus ei redditus est. Theodosius factus est imperator Orientis post mortem [[Flavius Valens|Valentis]] [[Proelium Hadrianopolitanum|proelio Hadrianopolitano]] in 378 et par imperatoris Occidentis [[Gratianus|Gratiani]]. Gratianus eum promovit propter inopiam successoris Valentis et solus candidatus gentis Romanae. Post mortem [[Valentinianus II|Valentiniani II]] in 392 factus est solus imperator supremus, et institit filios ut successores, [[Arcadius]] in Oriente et [[Honorius]] in Occidente. == Christianismus institutus ut sola religio legitima == Multa erunt mutata de re religiosa et statu religionis in Imperio Romano dum Theodosius regnavit. Situs Christianismi, iam fautus et promotus ab imperatoribus abhinc Constantinus, provectus erit ad unam et solam religionem licitam Imperii. Item religiones gentiles et aliae, iam patientes varia edicta et decreta intendiora contra se, proscriptae erunt et illictae declari. Hic denique repugnationem Paganorum provocaverit et discordiam domesticam incitaverit. === Concilium Constantinopolitanum Primum (381) === Theodosius in 381, edixit Christianismum, praesertim Christianismum [[Symbolum Nicaenum|Nicaenum]], imponendum per provincias imperii. Cum hoc reliquum subsidii imperatorii [[Religio Romana|Religioni Romanae]] abrogatum est et toleratio publica religionum deleta est. Nicaenus Christianismus solus legitimus factus est a Theodosio et Episcopis [[Concilium Constantinopolitanum Primum|Concilio Constaninopolitano Primo]] unde haereses Christianas quoque damnatae sunt et sublatae. === Pugnae cum Paganis === Post edictum augens iracundia apud Paganis erat propter crescentes proscriptiones et insectationem contra eos. In 392, mortuus Valentinianus suspensus est quaestus domo suo. Magister Militum Valentiniani [[Abogastes]], miles Francus et Paganus, affirmavit istum esse suicidium. Plures suspiciones surrectae sunt cum [[Eugenius (imperator)|Eugenius]] ad imperatorem Occidentis provexit. Mox bellum civile inter Eugenium et Theodosium erupit. Bellum civile ad summam venit [[Proelium Fluminis Frigidi|Proelio Fluminis Frigidi]]. Hic fuit ultimum certamen maior inter Paganos et Christianos. Eventu Pagani devincti sunt et triumphus diuturnus Christianis. Imperium breviter unitum est postremo sub imperatore Christiano Theodosio. === Persecutio contra Paganismum === Christianismus effectus est sola religio legitima a Theosodio in 381. Hic signavit deminutionem et ruinam religionum [[Polytheismus|polytheisticarum]] ut sacrificium et veneratio aliorum deorum proscriptae sunt. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Theodosius I|Theodosium I}} * {{BBKL|t/theodosios_r_k_i|auctor=Josef Rist|commentatio=THEODOSIUS I, römischer Kaiser|tomus=11|columnae=989-994}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150315015652/http://www.roman-emperors.org/theo1.htm De Imperatoribus Romanis, Theodosius I] [[Lingua Anglica|(Anglice)]] {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores=[[Ausonius|Decimus Magnus Ausonius]] et [[Quintus Clodius Hermogenianus Olybrius]]| annus= 380<br />cum<br />[[Gratianus|Imp. Caesare Flavio Gratiano Augusto]] V| successores=[[Flavius Syagrius]] et [[Flavius Eucherius]]}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Valentinianus II|Imp. Caesar Flavius Valentinianus Augustus]] III et [[Eutropius]]| annus= 388<br />cum<br />[[Maternus Cynegius|Materno Cynegio]]| successores=[[Flavius Timasius]] et [[Flavius Promotus]]}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores=[[Arcadius|Imp. Caesar Flavius Arcadius Augustus]] II et [[Flavius Rufinus]]| annus= 393<br />cum<br />[[Flavius Abundantius|Flavio Abundantio]]| successores=[[Arcadius|Imp. Caesar Flavius Arcadius Augustus]] III et [[Honorius (imperator)|Imp. Caesar Flavius Honorius Augustus]] II }} {{Imperatores Romani}} {{Imperatores Constantinopolitani}} [[Categoria:Imperatores Romani]] [[Categoria:Nati 347]] [[Categoria:Mortui 395]] [[Categoria:Theodosius I|!]] [[Categoria:Arcadius (imperator)]] {{Myrias|Homines}} evplbb8qtv2jo0o9wtjc3gvhpmkiikn 3982952 3982951 2026-08-21T19:08:59Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Christianismus institutus ut sola religio legitima */ 3982952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa principis Vicidata}} '''Flavius Theodosius''' ([[Cauca]]e apud [[Segovia]]m natus die [[11 Ianuarii]] [[347]] – obiit in [[Mediolanum|Mediolani]] die [[17 Ianuarii]] [[395]]), qui dicitur etiam ''Theodosius Magnus'', fuit [[imperator]], ultimus totius [[Imperium Romanum|Imperii Romani]] ab anno [[379]] usque ad [[mors|mortem]]. Edicta eius [[Christianismus|Christianismum]] solam religionem legitimam effecerunt et [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiam Catholicam]] plene comprobaverunt. Postea imperium inter liberos eius [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorium]] et [[Arcadius|Arcadium]] divisum est. == Vita == Theodosius natus est die 11 Ianuarii 347 [[Cauca]]e aut [[Italica]]e, [[Hispania]] magistratui militario [[Comes Theodosius|Flavio Theodosio]]. Cursum militarem diu egit multo vitae quoniam filius militis fuit. In expeditionem cum patre ad [[Britannia (provincia Romana)|Britannia]]m rebellionem supponere inter [[Magna Coniuratio|Magnam Coniurationem]]. Dux Moesiae erat in 374. Mox autem deinde pater eius supplicio capitis affectus est et demissus e gradu, rationibus adhuc obscuris. Sed fortasse est propter cladem et exstinctionem duarum legionum sub imperio suo a [[Sarmatae|Sarmatis]] in sero 374. Hinc recessit ad Hispaniam. Post breve spatium obscuritatis et effugii ab insectatione inter discordia post mortem [[Valentinianus I|Valentiniani]], mox postea gradus pristinus ei redditus est. Theodosius factus est imperator Orientis post mortem [[Flavius Valens|Valentis]] [[Proelium Hadrianopolitanum|proelio Hadrianopolitano]] in 378 et par imperatoris Occidentis [[Gratianus|Gratiani]]. Gratianus eum promovit propter inopiam successoris Valentis et solus candidatus gentis Romanae. Post mortem [[Valentinianus II|Valentiniani II]] in 392 factus est solus imperator supremus, et institit filios ut successores, [[Arcadius]] in Oriente et [[Honorius]] in Occidente. == Christianismus institutus ut sola religio legitima == Multa erunt mutata de re religiosa et statu religionis in Imperio Romano dum Theodosius regnavit. Situs Christianismi, iam fautus et promotus ab imperatoribus abhinc Constantinus, provectus erit ad unam et solam religionem licitam Imperii. Item religiones gentiles et aliae, iam patientes varia edicta et decreta intendiora contra se, proscriptae erunt et illictae declari. Hic denique repugnationem Paganorum provocaverit et discordiam domesticam incitaverit. === Concilium Constantinopolitanum primum (381) === Theodosius in 381, edixit Christianismum, praesertim Christianismum [[Symbolum Nicaenum|Nicaenum]], imponendum per provincias imperii. Cum hoc reliquum subsidii imperatorii [[Religio Romana|Religioni Romanae]] abrogatum est et toleratio publica religionum deleta est. Nicaenus Christianismus solus legitimus factus est a Theodosio et Episcopis [[Concilium Constantinopolitanum Primum|Concilio Constaninopolitano Primo]] unde haereses Christianas quoque damnatae sunt et sublatae. === Pugnae cum paganis === Post edictum augens iracundia apud Paganis erat propter crescentes proscriptiones et insectationem contra eos. In 392, mortuus Valentinianus suspensus est quaestus domo suo. Magister Militum Valentiniani [[Abogastes]], miles Francus et Paganus, affirmavit istum esse suicidium. Plures suspiciones surrectae sunt cum [[Eugenius (imperator)|Eugenius]] ad imperatorem Occidentis provexit. Mox bellum civile inter Eugenium et Theodosium erupit. Bellum civile ad summam venit [[Proelium Fluminis Frigidi|Proelio Fluminis Frigidi]]. Hic fuit ultimum certamen maior inter Paganos et Christianos. Eventu Pagani devincti sunt et triumphus diuturnus Christianis. Imperium breviter unitum est postremo sub imperatore Christiano Theodosio. === Persecutio contra paganismum === Christianismus effectus est sola religio legitima a Theosodio in 381. Hic signavit deminutionem et ruinam religionum [[Polytheismus|polytheisticarum]] ut sacrificium et veneratio aliorum deorum proscriptae sunt. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Theodosius I|Theodosium I}} * {{BBKL|t/theodosios_r_k_i|auctor=Josef Rist|commentatio=THEODOSIUS I, römischer Kaiser|tomus=11|columnae=989-994}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150315015652/http://www.roman-emperors.org/theo1.htm De Imperatoribus Romanis, Theodosius I] [[Lingua Anglica|(Anglice)]] {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores=[[Ausonius|Decimus Magnus Ausonius]] et [[Quintus Clodius Hermogenianus Olybrius]]| annus= 380<br />cum<br />[[Gratianus|Imp. Caesare Flavio Gratiano Augusto]] V| successores=[[Flavius Syagrius]] et [[Flavius Eucherius]]}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Valentinianus II|Imp. Caesar Flavius Valentinianus Augustus]] III et [[Eutropius]]| annus= 388<br />cum<br />[[Maternus Cynegius|Materno Cynegio]]| successores=[[Flavius Timasius]] et [[Flavius Promotus]]}} {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores=[[Arcadius|Imp. Caesar Flavius Arcadius Augustus]] II et [[Flavius Rufinus]]| annus= 393<br />cum<br />[[Flavius Abundantius|Flavio Abundantio]]| successores=[[Arcadius|Imp. Caesar Flavius Arcadius Augustus]] III et [[Honorius (imperator)|Imp. Caesar Flavius Honorius Augustus]] II }} {{Imperatores Romani}} {{Imperatores Constantinopolitani}} [[Categoria:Imperatores Romani]] [[Categoria:Nati 347]] [[Categoria:Mortui 395]] [[Categoria:Theodosius I|!]] [[Categoria:Arcadius (imperator)]] {{Myrias|Homines}} 0t94j2nvu8lk1tgqvu8xoyl6r5p2kn2 0 33198 3983006 3962048 2026-08-21T21:40:25Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983006 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Buddenberg.jpg|thumb|left|vetus villa Buddenberg]] '''Ringe''' (quod [[Latine]] [[circulus|circulum]] sonat) est [[commune]] [[Germania|Germanicum]] in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e circa 2000 incolarum apud [[limes|limitem]] inter Germaniam et [[Nederlandia]]m. Hic vicus pertinet ad commune generale [[Emmelkampus (commune generale)|Emmelkampum]]. Ad Ringe vici Großringe, Kleinringe atque Neugnadenfeld pertinent. == Historia == Anno [[1329]] Ringe primo in actis descriptum est:„''… sitam in legione Righe in parrochia Emnynchem''“. Anno [[1456]] duo vici Großringe et Kleinringe erant. Fuerunt pars Comitatus Binethensis. Hic ab anno [[1815]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, ad quem Vici Großringe et Kleinringe pertinuerunt. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Quo tempore et colonia Neugnadenfeld condita est, ubi multi sodales [[Unitas Fratrum|Unitatis Fratrum]], qui e patria in Germania occidentali amiserant, novam patriam invenerunt. Neugnadenfels tum pars Großringe fuit. Anno [[1974]] Großringe (cum Neugnadenfeld) atque Kleinringe in novum commune Ringe coniuncti sunt<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160327181346/http://emlichheim.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=437&topmenu=4 Pagina communis generalis Emmelkampi de communi Ringe]</ref>. == Nexus externus == {{commonscat}} * [http://www.emlichheim.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Emmelkampi] == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] le11lxgjm9s2lb9x02p75ubzh7uc19g 0 34411 3982834 3835066 2026-08-21T14:26:28Z Makenzis 101971 3982834 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Galatasaray''' turma [[Turcia|Turcica]] [[pediludium|pediludii]] [[Constantinopolis|Constantinipolis urbis]]. Condita est anno 1905 et in liga foederata Super Turcia ludit. == Stadium == Ali Sami YEN Spor Kompleksi RAMS Park stadium est, quod antea. == Nexus externus == * [http://www.galatasaray.org Galatasaray.org] {{ludus-stipula}} [[Categoria:Societates pediludii]] 7xeo92fplyy0vamvgwsqlst91jlq2b3 10 34428 3982808 1349647 2026-08-21T13:48:15Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem in seorsam paginam transtuli 3982808 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{titulus|Porta {{grammar:genitive|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/caput |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }} {| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%;" <!-- main navigation table, two column layout --> |- | style="width:60%;" valign="top" | <!-- main navigation table, left column --> {{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Introductio |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Commentatio selecta |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Commentationes principales |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa1|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa1}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa1 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa2|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa2}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa2 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa3|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa3}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa3 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa4|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa4}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa4 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{scintuleft|}}}|yes|{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Scin tu … ? |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{collaboratioleft|}}}|yes|{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Collaboratio |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Portae aliae |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}} | style="width:1%;" | | style="width:40%;" valign="top" | <!-- main navigation table, right column --> {{#if:{{{imagoselecta|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Imago selecta |inline=[[Image:{{{imagoselecta}}}|thumb|center|{{{descriptioimaginisselectae}}}]] |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Categoriae |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{scintuleft|}}}|yes||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Scin tu … ? |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{nexusexterniright|}}}|yes|{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Nexus externi |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}||}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{collaboratioleft|}}}|yes||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Collaboratio |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/paginaedesideratae|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Paginae desideratae |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/paginaedesideratae |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/usores|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Usores |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/usores |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Tu quoque adiuvare potes |inline={{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio|Introductionem]] crea.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta|Commentationem selectam]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales|Commentationes principales]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae|Nexus ad portas alias]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia|Nexus ad aliis inceptis Vicimediorum]] adde.}}{{#if:{{{imagoselecta|}}}||*<span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} Imaginem selectam]</span> adde (vide [[Formula:Porta|descriptionem formulae]]).}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae|Arborem categoriarum]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu|Capsam "scin tu?"]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio|Collaborationem]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/paginaedesideratae||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/paginaedesideratae|Indicem paginarum desideratarum]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/usores||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/usores|Indicem usorum]] crea.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/adiuvare|{{:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/adiuvare}} *<span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/adiuvare|action=edit}} Alias res gerendas]</span> adde.|*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/adiuvare|Alias res gerendas]] adde.}} |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }} |} <!-- main navigation table end --> {{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Vicimedia |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{nexusexterniright|}}}|yes||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Nexus externi |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}}} __NOTOC__ </includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 3kn3s75ps6pog11zyld4ouoo0cyvylo 3982908 3982808 2026-08-21T17:57:21Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana]]: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 3982808 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{titulus|Porta {{grammar:genitive|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/caput |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }} {| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%;" <!-- main navigation table, two column layout --> |- | style="width:60%;" valign="top" | <!-- main navigation table, left column --> {{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Introductio |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Commentatio selecta |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Commentationes principales |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa1|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa1}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa1 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa2|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa2}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa2 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa3|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa3}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa3 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa4|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa4}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa4 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{scintuleft|}}}|yes|{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Scin tu … ? |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{collaboratioleft|}}}|yes|{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Collaboratio |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Portae aliae |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}} | style="width:1%;" | | style="width:40%;" valign="top" | <!-- main navigation table, right column --> {{#if:{{{imagoselecta|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Imago selecta |inline=[[Image:{{{imagoselecta}}}|thumb|center|{{{descriptioimaginisselectae}}}]] |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Categoriae |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{scintuleft|}}}|yes||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Scin tu … ? |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{nexusexterniright|}}}|yes|{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Nexus externi |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}||}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{collaboratioleft|}}}|yes||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Collaboratio |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/paginaedesideratae|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Paginae desideratae |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/paginaedesideratae |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/usores|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Usores |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/usores |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Tu quoque adiuvare potes |inline={{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio|Introductionem]] crea.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta|Commentationem selectam]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales|Commentationes principales]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae|Nexus ad portas alias]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia|Nexus ad aliis inceptis Vicimediorum]] adde.}}{{#if:{{{imagoselecta|}}}||*<span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} Imaginem selectam]</span> adde (vide [[Formula:Porta|descriptionem formulae]]).}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae|Arborem categoriarum]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu|Capsam "scin tu?"]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio|Collaborationem]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/paginaedesideratae||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/paginaedesideratae|Indicem paginarum desideratarum]] adde.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/usores||*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/usores|Indicem usorum]] crea.}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/adiuvare|{{:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/adiuvare}} *<span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/adiuvare|action=edit}} Alias res gerendas]</span> adde.|*[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/adiuvare|Alias res gerendas]] adde.}} |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }} |} <!-- main navigation table end --> {{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Vicimedia |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{nexusexterniright|}}}|yes||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Nexus externi |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}}} __NOTOC__ </includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 3kn3s75ps6pog11zyld4ouoo0cyvylo 3982980 3982908 2026-08-21T20:13:01Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982980 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa portae Vicipaedianae |titulus={{{titulus|Porta {{grammar:genitive|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/caput |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }} {| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%;" <!-- main navigation table, two column layout --> |- | style="width:60%;" valign="top" | <!-- main navigation table, left column --> {{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Introductio |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/introductio |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Commentatio selecta |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentatioselecta |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Commentationes principales |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/commentationesprincipales |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa1|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa1}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa1 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa2|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa2}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa2 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa3|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa3}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa3 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#if:{{{tituluscapsa4|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus={{{tituluscapsa4}}} |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/capsa4 |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{scintuleft|}}}|yes|{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Scin tu … ? |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{collaboratioleft|}}}|yes|{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Collaboratio |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Portae aliae |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/portaealiae |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}} | style="width:1%;" | | style="width:40%;" valign="top" | <!-- main navigation table, right column --> {{#if:{{{imagoselecta|}}}|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Imago selecta |inline=[[Image:{{{imagoselecta}}}|thumb|center|{{{descriptioimaginisselectae}}}]] |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Categoriae |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/categoriae |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{scintuleft|}}}|yes||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Scin tu … ? |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/scintu |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{nexusexterniright|}}}|yes|{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Nexus externi |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}||}}}}{{#ifeq:{{{collaboratioleft|}}}|yes||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio|{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Collaboratio |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/collaboratio |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} 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|bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }} |} <!-- main navigation table end --> {{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia|{{Capsa portae Vicipaedianae |titulus=Vicimedia |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/vicimedia |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}{{#ifeq:{{{nexusexterniright|}}}|yes||{{#ifexist:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni|{{Capsa portae Vicipaedianae |titulus=Nexus externi |link={{FULLPAGENAME}}/nexusexterni |titleforeground={{{titleforeground|#000000}}} |titlebackground={{{titlebackground|#cccccc}}} |titlestyling={{{titlestyling|}}} |boxbackground={{{boxbackground|#ffffff}}} |bordercolor={{{bordercolor|#cccccc}}} }}|}}}} __NOTOC__ </includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> m7dqs2hj9yle9jwzvxw70w79i6dysaq 0 36332 3982989 3978428 2026-08-21T20:53:28Z Ziv 172423 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Tizian 066.jpg]] → [[File:Karl V.-Carlos I. 1548 (Tiziano Vecellio?) 066.jpg]] → The file was renamed on Commons, but the filename in the language versions was not changed ([[c:c:GR]]) 3982989 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} [[Fasciculus:Reformation.gif|thumb|Reformatio et Contrareformatio in Europa. Terrae Protestanticae caeruleae (maiores aut minores, ut creverant aut minutae sunt Contrareformationis causa), Catholicae virides.]] '''Reformatio''' {{victio|reformatio|onis|fem}} (scilicet ecclesiae ad veterem [[veritas|veritatem]] [[evangelium|evangelii]]) sensu strictiore varia conata [[saeculum 16|saeculi decimi sexti]] ad [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiam Romanam]] emendandam significat, ex quibus [[schisma]] [[Protestantes|Protestanticum]] profectum est. Reformatio anno [[1517]] initium cepit, cum [[Martinus Lutherus]], monachus [[Germania|Germanus]], 95 theses ([[Disputatio pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum|Disputationem pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum]]) publicavit. Labores Lutheri et aliorum (sicut [[Helvetia|Helvetici]] [[Huldericus Zvinglius|Hulderici Zvinglii]] et [[Francia|Francogalli]] [[Ioannes Calvinus|Ioannis Calvini]]), qui se "reformatores ecclesiae" putaverunt et contra quasdam doctrinas, ritus, structuras ecclesiasticas restiterunt ("protestati sunt") ad novas ecclesias gentilicias creandas pertinuerunt, quae "[[Protestantes]]" vocari solent et sententia [[Ecclesia Catholica|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] in numero [[Haeresis|haeresium]] habentur. [[Fasciculus:95Thesen.jpg|thumb|left|Disputatio pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum: nonaginta quinque theses Martini Lutheri]] Reformationi per [[Europa]]m varia praecesserunt, quae fidem populi in Ecclesiam Catholicam et [[papa|papa]]tum debilitaverant aut necessitatem, ut ecclesia emendaretur, monstraverant (inter alia [[pestis]] et [[Magnum schisma occidentale]]); etiam [[Humanismus]] sive [[Renascentia litterarum]], novae artes inventae (sicut [[impressio]]) et casus [[Imperium Romanum Orientale|Imperii Romani Orientalis]] ad [[Protestantismus|Protestantismi]] ortum contribuerunt.<ref>Euan Cameron, ''The European Reformation'' (1991)</ref> Ecclesia Catholica Romana [[Contrareformatio]]ne a [[Concilium Tridentinum|Concilio Tridentino]] inchoata respondit, quam imprimis [[Societas Iesu]] ante agebat. Tamen Europa septentrionalis, sola [[Hibernia]] et parvis plagis [[Britannia Maior|Britanniae Maioris]] [[Nederlandia]]eque exceptis, Protestantica facta est. Europa meridiana Catholica permansit, cum pugnae atroces Europam mediam per multos annos devastarent. Maximae novarum ecclesiarum fuerunt [[Lutheranismus|Lutherana]] (maxima ex parte in [[Germania]], [[Regio Baltica|regione Baltica]] et [[Scandinavia]]) et [[Ecclesiae Reformatae]] (maxima ex parte in Germania, [[Helvetia]], [[Nederlandia]] et [[Scotia]]). Praeterea fuerunt multae communitates minores. Ad tempus reformationis plerumque anni inter [[1517]] (Lutheri 95 theses) et [[1648]] ([[Pax Westphalica]]) numerantur. == Praecursoria et res reformationem alentes == Quod reformatio in [[Germania]] orta est, celeriter processit, denique ex Germania in alias terras diffusa est, variis ex causis explanari potest: === Humanismus et impressio librorum === [[Fasciculus:Desidrius Erasmus by Hans Holbein.jpg|thumb|[[Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus|Erasmus Roterodamus]] ab [[Ioannes Holpenius|Ioanne Holpenio]] pictus]] [[Humanismus]], qui [[saeculum 14|saeculo decimo quarto]] in [[Italia]] natus paulatim in omnem Europam profectus erat, [[Renascentia litterarum|Renascentiam litterarum]] antiquarum appetebat. Humanistae, dum ibant [[ad fontes]], novas quaestiones posuerunt, veritates quassaverunt, mentem criticam aluerunt. Humanismus imprimis in [[universitas|universitatibus]] vigebat, ubi multos reformatores futuros afficiebat. Humanistarum lectioni assiduae diligentique [[Biblia|Bibliorum]] ac [[Patres Ecclesiae|Patrum Ecclesiae]] in ecclesiis reformationis principatus scripturae ("[[sola scriptura]]") respondit. Praeterea [[saeculum 15|saeculo decimo quinto]] medio [[impressio]] librorum cum typis mobilibus inventa est, qua reformatores potenti ad opiniones divulgandas instrumento usi sunt. === Causae sociales oeconomicaeque === Saeculo decimo sexto res sociales maxime mutatae sunt. Inter alia gravitas urbium magis magisque crevit, in quibus mercatura ordo civium ortus est, qui maximis fortunis gavasus est (ut puta familia [[Fugger]] [[Augusta Vindelicorum|Augustae Vindelicorum]]). [[Patricii (ordo)|Patricii]] oppidani saepe [[nobilitas|nobilitatem]] ruri viventem vi oeconomica superavit, quippe qui in sola agricultura operam navarent. Agricolae, qui maximam incolarum partem efficiebant, vectigalibus servitiisque pressi vix vitam trahere potuerunt. Praeterea [[metalla nobilia|metallis nobilibus]] ex [[America]] continuo affluentibus valor pecuniae et potestas acquirendi ([[inflatio]]) maxime minuta sunt. Ad hoc numerus incolarum ab anno [[1470]] celeriter crevit, quare et cibis caritas illata est et pro labore minore pretio solverunt. Penuria a [[saeculum 15|saeculo decimo quinto]] exeunte crebro tumultus exorti sunt, quorum maximus fuit [[Bellum rusticum Germanicum]] anno [[1525]]. === Constitutio Sacri imperii Romani === [[Fasciculus:Karl V.-Carlos I. 1548 (Tiziano Vecellio?) 066.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|[[Carolus V (imperator)]] a [[Titianus Vecellii|Titiano]] pictus]] [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium]] multis ex [[territorium (pars administrativa)|territoriis]] constabat neque - aliter ac [[Anglia]] aut [[Francia]] - ab una sede regebatur. [[Imperator Romanus Sacer|Imperator]], qui summo imperii officio functus est, [[Princeps Elector Imperii|principibus electoribus]] ante electionem sic dictis ''pactis conventis'' se eorum iura territorialia respecturum concedere debuit. Summum concilium legibus dandis fuerunt [[Dieta Imperii Germanici|Dietae]], quae ab imperatore, plerumque cum pecunia egeret, convocatae sunt. Imperator leges dare non nisi consensu dietae potuit, in qua [[Status Imperii|Statibus Imperii]] (principibus electoribus, nobilitati altae et liberis imperii urbibus) suffragii latio fuit. Haec constitutio, quae etiam "dualismus" inter imperatorem et Status imperii vocatur, reformationi spargendae maxime profuit: Quod imperatori vera potestas in imperio deerat, de fortuna reformationis variis in territoriis varie decretum est. Saepe principibus usui fuit reformationem introducere, qua ab imperatore et [[papa]] liberiores fierent. In rebus religionis imperium in plurimas partes fractum est, id quod imperator, etsi prohibere voluit, tamen potentia carente non potuit. Praeterea [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolus V]] imperator bellis in [[Francia]]m et [[Imperium Ottomanicum]] occupatus annis, postquam [[Martinus Lutherus]] theses publicaverat, vix in imperio versatus est. === Simultas domus Habsburgensis ac Franciae necnon periculum Turcarum === [[Europa]]e belli pacisque consilia imprimis a simultate [[domus Habsburgensis]] ac [[Francia]]e effecta sunt. [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolus V]] imperator et [[Franciscus I (rex Franciae)|Franciscus I]] rex Franciae inter annos [[1521]]–[[1544]] per breves dilatationes tria bella de [[Italia septentrionalis|Italia septentrionali]] et de [[Ducatus Burgundiae|Burgundia]] gesserunt, quas uterque sibi vindicavit. Imperium Habsburgense ab [[Europa Media]] ad [[Hispania]]m (cum [[Italia meridiana]], [[Sicilia]] et [[Colonia|coloniis]] Hispanicis in [[Mundus Novus|mundo novo]]. Francia a duobus territoriis Habsburgensibus circumsaepta erat. Cum Carolus V Francia meridiana occupata imperium cum Hispania coniungere vellet, Franciscus I omnibus viribus contra egit. Etiam [[papa]] nimiarum opum potentiam Habsburgensem timens ad tempus cum rege Francico foedus fecit. Ad hoc semper [[Turcae]] Europam a regionibus austro-orientalibus imminebant. Anno [[1526]] [[Ottomanidae]] [[pugna Mohacsensis|pugna Mohacsensi]] [[Regnum Hungariae|Hungaros]] vicerunt, anno [[1529]] [[Vindobona]]m oppugnaverunt. Imperatori, ut malo occurreret, pecunia copiaeque conquirendae erant. Quod ei ad es comparandas assensione Statuum imperii opus erat, auctoritas eius amplius deminuta est. Multis negotiis occupatus Carolus V annis [[1521]]–[[1530]] et [[1532]]–[[1541]] extra imperium versatus est, quo tempore reformatio expers maioris impedimenti se diffundere potuit. === Mystica et Devotio moderna === [[Fasciculus:Johannes Tauler, Predigten.jpg|thumb|Index primae sermonum [[Ioannes Taulerus|Ioannis Tauleri]] editionis (1498).]] Aliter ac philosophi [[Scholastica (philosophia)|scholastici]], qui mundum via rationali intellegere interpretarique volunt, [[mystica|mystici]] mundo relinquendo peritiam Dei petunt. Ut [[Spiritus Sanctus]] hominem complere possit, necessarium esse vacuum fieri ac cupidines mittere. Non speculatio [[Theologia|theologica]], sed experientia practica finis. Ad Martinum Lutherum imprimis sermones [[Ioannes Taulerus|Ioannis Tauleri]] et liber ''Theologia deutsch'' (id est Theologia theodisca) intitulatus eidem falso ascriptus maximam vim habuerunt. [[Devotio moderna]], quae a [[Gerardus Magnus|Gerardo Magno]] ([[1340]]–[[1384]]) e [[Daventria]] repetit, imprimis in [[Nederlandia]] et in [[Germania]] boreo-occidentali diffusa erat. Eodem tempore quo [[Humanismus]] orta Devotio moderna, quae traditiones mysticas cum pietate practica coniunxit, Christianis suadebat, ut religioni non propter res externas, sed sapienter et ex animi iudicio adhaererent. Exemplar [[Canonici Regulares Sancti Augustini Fratrum a Vita Communi|Fratrum a Vita Communi]], qui sine [[Professio religiosa|votis religiosis]] communiter vivebant, erat [[prima communitas Hierosolymitana]]. [[Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus]] humanista hac mente eruditus est. Opus maximi momenti Devotionis modernae est "De Imitatione Christi", quam Thomas a Kempis scripsisse putatur. Doctrina aditum ipsorum fidelium ad Deum patere postea a reformatoribus maxime praedicata est. ===Necessitas ecclesiae reformandae ac odium clericorum=== [[Fasciculus:Das Jüngste Gericht (Memling).jpg|thumb|left|[[Postremum iudicium]], a [[Ioannes Memling|Ioanne Memling]] circa annum [[1470]] pictum.]] Metus mortis ac [[iudicium particulare|iudicii particularis]] - etiam terrore [[pestis]], quae [[Medium Aevum|Medio Aevo]] exeunte multis in regionibus maximam incolarum partem vita eripuit auctus - hominibus semper praesens erat. Quare homines instrumenta quaerebant, quibus sibi salutem aeternam praestarent, inter alia fundationes pias, [[requiem|missas pro defunctis]], [[peregrinatio (religio)|peregrinationes]], [[processio]]nes et [[litterae indulgentiales|litteras indulgentiales]] (quibus tempus in [[purgatorium|purgatorio]] brevius redderetur). Omnia haec instrumenta salutis ab [[ecclesia Catholica Romana|ecclesia]] pecunia emi potuerunt. Ita desiderium salutis ad lucrum perverse collatum, [[pietas]] [[supernaturalis|magia]] permixta est. Per [[magnum schisma occidentale]] (1378-1417), quo plures [[papa]]e se legitimos successores [[Petrus|Petri]] esse affirmaverunt et se invicem [[excommunicatio|excommunicaverunt]], auctoritas papatus deminuta est. Ad vitam more principum actam exsolvendam pecunia opus erat, quam papae [[decima|decimis]] et supradictis muneribus a [[presbyter|sacerdotibus]] exigi iusserunt. Iidem sacerdotes plerumque male docti et pauperes, quamvis vectigalibus liberati, sicut [[laicus|laici]] vivebant, saepe una cum feminis liberisque. [[Clerus]] altus autem ex filiis nobilitatis suppletus est, qui officia ecclesiastica imprimis ob [[praebenda]] cum iis coniuncta appetebant. Officiis non ipsi fungi solebant, sed curam animarum aliis detulerunt, ut vitam dulcem - saepe cum [[concubina]] - agere potuerunt. [[Simonia]] et [[nepotismus]] vigebant, etsi decretis ecclesiasticis saepe damnata. Haec discrepantia inter praecepta [[evangelium|evangelii]] et vitam clericorum odium populi incitavit. === Petrus Valdes, Ioannes Wycliffe et Ioannes Hus === [[Fasciculus:Spiezer Chronik Jan Hus 1485.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ioannes Hus]] supplicio affectus est. Chronica Spiez anno [[1485]].]] [[Fasciculus:John Wycliffe 01.jpg|thumb|[[Ioannes Wycliffe]].]] Iam ante reformationem Protestanticam plurimi ecclesiae reformationem appetebant, qui partim intra ecclesiam Catholicam permanebant (ut puta varii [[ordo religiosus|ordines]] et [[Devotio moderna]]), partim ut [[haeresis|haeretici]] ecclesia expulsi vexatique sunt, sicut [[Petrus Valdes]], [[Ioannes Wycliffe]] et [[Ioannes Hus]], qui ultimi [[Protestantes|Protestantismi]] praecursores haberi solent. Petrus Valdes (mortuus ante annum [[1218]]) fuit mercator [[Lugdunum|Lugdunensis]], qui communitatem Christianam piorum [[laicus|laicorum]] condidit, quae postea ab eo nomen "[[Valdenses|Valdensium]]" traxit. Per saecula ut haeretici crudeliter vexati tamen ad hunc diem permanent. Hodie sunt ecclesia protestans in [[Italia]] et [[America Australis|America Australi]] diffusa. [[Fasciculus:WaldoAtLutherDenkmal.JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|Valdes in [[monumentum|monumento]] [[Lutherus|Luthero]] dedicato (1868) [[Wormatia]]e.]] [[Paroecia|Parochus]] Ioannes Wycliffe [[saeculum 14|saeculo decimo quarto]] in [[Anglia]] laboravit. Primo magister [[Oxonia]]e anno [[1374]] [[paroecia]]m [[Lutterworth]] suscepit. Tum ob vectigalia a [[Sancta Sedes|Sancta Sede]] introducta in Anglia ira paparum ardere coeperat. Wycliffe in [[Biblia|Bibliis]] nixus reformationem ecclesiae postulans, vitia [[clerus|clericorum]] aperte vituperavit. [[Veneratio]]nem [[Imagines piae|imaginum piarum]], [[Sanctus|sanctorum]] et [[Reliquiae|reliquiarum]], necnon [[caelibatus|caelibatum]] et doctrinam [[transsubstantiatio]]nis reiecit. Postquam a papa in eum actio constituta est, a [[rex|rege]], qui maiorem ecclesiae in Anglia libertatem speraverat, destitutus est, doctrinae eius ab universitate et synodis damnatae sunt. Ipse Wycliffe autem, quod tumultus populi timebatur, accusatus non est. [[Concilium Constantiense]] demum eum anno [[1415]] haereticum damnavit, ossa eius post mortem cremata sunt. Opiniones eius a [[Lollardi]]s prolatae sunt. Ioannes Hus plane exemplum Ioannis Wycliffe appellavit, cuius opiniones a studentibus [[Bohemi|Bohemis]] Oxonia [[Praga]]m delatae sunt. Hus studiis [[theologia]]e peractis professor in universitate factus est. Aperte avaritiam luxuriamque clericorum vituperavit et fundamentalem ecclesiae reformationem, quae Bibliis freta esset, poposcit. Praeterea papam summam in rebus fidei auctoritatem non agnovit. Hussii opiniones populo valde placebant. Cum anno [[1408]] munere missus et anno [[1411]] excommunicatus est, Pragae tumultus facti sunt. Hus patriam peragrans opiniones suas amplius pervulgavit doctrinamque explicavit ecclesiam communitatem sine [[hierarchia]] a solo Christo directam esse debere. Anno [[1414]] Hus ante Concilium Constantiense vocatus est, ut ibi sententias suas revocaret. Etsi ei fides a rege [[Sigismundus Luxemburgicus|Sigismundo Luxemburgico]] promissa erat, tamen anno [[1415]] haereticus flammis crematus est. Retinuerunt Ioannis sic dicti [[Hussitae]] doctrinam, qui annis [[1419]]-[[1436]] in [[Bohemia]] contra regem multis proeliis conflixerunt. Reformatores multa ab Ioanne Wycliffe et Ioanne Hussio dicta acceperunt et ad effectum adduxerunt. {{vide-etiam|Reformatio Bohemica}} == Lutheranismus in Germania == === Lutheri "iustitia passiva" et de indulgentia disputatio (1517–1519) === [[Fasciculus:Lucas Cranach (I) workshop - Martin Luther (Uffizi).jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|left|[[Martinus Lutherus]].]] [[Martinus Lutherus]] anno [[1505]] [[monachus]] in [[Ordo Sancti Augustini|Ordinem Eremitarum Sancti Augustini]] ingressus est. Ab anno [[1512]] munere professoris [[Universitas Leucorea|Universitatis Leucoreae]] [[Wittenberga]]e functus scholas habuit de libris [[Biblia|biblicis]]. Interpretatio [[Epistula ad Romanos|Epistulae ad Romanos]] et studium [[theologia]]e Sancti [[Paulus|Pauli]] animum eius maxime commoverunt. Lutherus, qui antehac "iustitiam Dei" ut "distributivam" ("[[suum cuique]]") timens scientia [[peccatum|peccati]] metuque iudicii imminentis passus erat, apud Paulum ''iustitiam passivam'' invenit: ''Iustitia enim Dei in eo revelatur ex fide in fidem, sicut scriptum est: Iustus autem ex fide vivet'' (Ro 1,17). Iustitia Dei peccatorem fide iustificat, operibus pari non potest! Haec "inventio reformatoria" momento temporis, dum Lutherus in turri meditatur, accidisse traditur ("Turmerlebnis", eventus in turri passus); num magis longiore tempore (1514–1518) gradatimque ad hanc opinionem pervenerit disputatur. [[Fasciculus:CranachAlbrechtBrandenburg.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Albertus Brandenburgensis]] Occasionem ipsam reformationis dedit [[Albertus Brandenburgensis]] episcopus [[Dioecesis Magdeburgensis|Magdeburgensis]], qui etiam sedem [[Dioecesis Moguntina|Moguntinam]] appetivit, ut [[Princeps Elector Imperii]] fieret. Cum [[indulgentia]]m praedicari iussit, qua pecunia ad [[dispensatio (ius)|dispensationem]] a papa emendam pareretur, Lutherus [[Disputatio pro declaratione virtutis|disputationem pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum]] (suas 95 theses notissimas) publicavit. Traditio vult Lutherum theses die [[31 Octobris]], qui ex tunc in Germania quotannis "dies reformationis" celebratur, anno [[1517]] in porta ecclesiae palatii Wittenbergensis affixisse. Lutherus indulgentiam reiecit, quod falsam salutis securitatem pareret. [[Paenitentia]] sufficere, ut peccator a peccatis solveretur, nullo [[sacramentum|sacramento]] intercedente. Theses celeriter diffusae sunt, quas Lutherus inter alia in sic dicta [[Disputatio Heidelbergensis|Disputatione Heidelbergensi]] mense Aprili anno [[1518]] habita explicavit. Multi reformatores futuri (sicut [[Philippus Melanchthon]] et [[Martinus Bucerus]]) adfuerunt, qui opiniones Lutheri libentissime receperunt. Albertus Brandenburgensis actionem ecclesiasticam instituit, sententiam de [[Universitas Moguntina|universitate Moguntina]] rogavit et antequam arbitrium datum est res ad [[Sancta Sedes|Sanctam Sedem]] detulit. Mense Octobri anno [[1518]] Lutherus in [[Dieta Imperii (Sacrum Romanum Imperium)|dieta]] [[Augusta Vindelicorum|Augustana Vindelicorum]] a [[Thomas Caietanus|Thoma Caietano]] cardinale interrogatus est, sed theses non revocavit. Mense Iunio anno [[1519]] [[Lipsia]]e disputatum est. Cum [[Ioannes Eckius]], qui partem ecclesiae Romanae egit, eo rem perduxit, ut Lutherus [[infallibilitas pontificalis|infallibilitatem pontificalem]] [[Oecumenicum concilium|conciliorumque]] negaret diceretque ''aliquos Hussiticos articulos in Constanciensi concilio damnatos esse christianissimos et euangelicos''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140220002524/http://ivv7srv15.uni-muenster.de/mnkg/pfnuer/Eckbriefe/N100.html Eckius ad Gervasium Vaim Memingensem (1519)]. Ibi plura de disputatione ex Eckii sententia.</ref>, se Lutherum "novum Hussium" detexisse iactavit. === Doctrina reformatoria explicatur (1520) === ==== Principalia scripta reformatoria ==== [[Fasciculus:Christlicher-Adel-de.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|''An den christlichen Adel deutscher Nation'' (Ad Christianam nationis Germanae nobilitatem).]] Anno [[1520]] Lutherus tribus libris, qui ex tunc principalia scripta reformatoria habentur, doctrinam theologicam explicavit, quae fundamentum posterioris [[Lutheranismus|Lutheranismi]] futurum erat. In primo scripto ''An den christlichen Adel deutscher Nation von des christlichen Standes Besserung'' (Ad Christianam nationis Germanae nobilitatem de ordine Christiano emendando) magistratus civiles invitavit, ut ecclesiam emendarent, quae ad se ipsam emendandam inutilis esset. Formam futurae civitatis proposuit, qua [[schola]]e sive tota disciplina et [[cura pauperum]] rei publicae attribueretur, [[caelibatus]] et [[Dicio Pontificia]] aboleretur. Praeterea [[Commune omnium fidelium sacerdotium]] ita interpretatus est, ut [[hierarchia]] ecclesiastica cum [[clerus|clericis]] a [[laicus|laicis]] vere distinctis supervacanea fieret. Interpretatio [[Biblis|Bibliorum]] non solum [[papa]]e, sed unicuique Christiano competere. Etiam onera fiscalia ab ecclesia imposita reiecit, quod nobilitati inferiori ac [[Eques (medium aevum)|equitibus]] [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|imperialibus]] valde placuit. Scriptum celeriter late pervulgatum est. [[Fasciculus:Luther1.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|''De captivitate Babylonica ecclesiae.'']] In libro secundo ''De captivitate Babylonica ecclesiae'', quem quod doctis destinatus erat Latine scripsit, Lutherus doctrinae Catholicae de [[Sacramentum|sacramentis]] censuram agit. Bibliis fultus numerum sacramentorum a septem ad tria minuit ([[baptismus]], [[eucharistia]], [[paenitentia]]), calicem pro laicis (id est sacram Communionem sub utraque specie) poposcit, conversionem panis et vini in corpus et sanguinem Christi [[transsubstantiatio]]nem [[missa]]mque esse sacrificium negat. Tertio in libro ''Von der Freiheit eines Christenmenschen'' (De libertate Christiana) intitulato de libertate [[evangelium|evangelica]] explicat. Christfidelis simul "coram Deo" et "coram mundo" positus est. Coram Deo, qui peccatorem [[sola gratia]] [[iustificatio|iustificat]], homo operibus liber est. Coram mundo fides bonis operibus manifestanda est. Christfidelis simul est "iustus (sc. coram Deo) et peccator (sc. coram mundo)". Omnis Christianus in duobus regiminibus vivit, alio saeculari, quod "iure gladii" regitur, alio spiritali, ubi verbum divinum valet. Hac interpretatione magistratuum vis pacem ordinemque conservandi, etsi in evangelio [[hominum caritas]] postulata est, legitima declaratur. ===== Fundamenta theologiae reformatoriae sive protestanticae ===== Doctrinae reformationis maximi momenti, quae et hodie ab omnibus ecclesiis ex reformatione ortis profitentur, saepe cum quattuor "solis" describuntur: *"[[sola gratia]]" homo salutem adipiscitur, non viribus suis. *"[[sola fide]]" homo iustificatur, non bonis operibus. *"[[sola scriptura]]" est fundamentum fidei Christianae, non traditio ecclesiastica. *"solus Christus" atque vita doctrinaque eius fundamenta fidei et salutis hominum esse possunt. === Excommunicatio et Dieta Wormatiensis (1521) === [[Fasciculus:Luther-in-Worms-auf-Rt.jpg|thumb|Lutherus in [[Dieta Wormatiensis|Dieta Wormatiensi]] [[1521]].]] [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolo V]] novo imperatore electo actio in Lutherum continuata est. Die [[15 Iunii]] anno [[1520]] [[Leo X]] papa [[Bulla apostolica]] ''[[Exsurge Domine]]'' Luthero [[Anathema]] minatus est. Intra 60 dies Lutherus sententias ab ecclesia [[haeresis|haereticas]] censas revocaret. Die, quo temporis spatium praeteriit, Lutherus bullam una cum [[ius canonicum|Decretalibus]] [[Wittenberga]]e in publico cremavit. Papa, quem Lutherus posthac contumeliose ''[[Antichristus|Antichristum]]'' nominabat, eum die [[3 Ianuarii]] anno [[1521]] bulla ''[[Decet Romanum Pontificem]]'' [[excommunicatio|excommunicavit]]. Secundum ius imperii excommunicatione edicta [[proscriptio]] constituta est. Obstinato animo tractando [[Fridericus III (dux Saxoniae)|Fridericus Sapiens]], dux Saxoniae et Lutheri princeps, impetravit, ut hic adversus excommunicationem in dieta [[Wormatia|Wormatiensi]] anno [[1521]] ab imperatore interrogaretur. Papa invito Carolus V Lutherum die [[17 Aprilis]] anno 1521 Wormatiae accepit. Lutherus interrogatus, num sententias suas agnosceret et revocare vellet, die ad deliberandum intermisso sententias agnovit, se autem rectractare non posse nisi ex sacra scriptura redargutus respondit. Contra auctoritatem papae et conciliorum Lutherus [[sola scriptura|solam scripturam]] appellavit. Notissimum est illud ei - falso tamen - ascriptum: ''Hier stehe ich. Gott helfe mir. Ich kann nicht anders'' (Hic sto. Deus me adiuvet. Aliter non possum), ex quo auctor [[Liberum de rebus divinis iudicium|liberi de rebus divinis iudicii]] habebatur. Recessu (id est decreto) diei [[30 Aprilis]] anno 1521 Lutherus proscriptus est. Quod imperator fidem dederat, eum impune abiturum, spatium 21 dierum statutum est, quo in tutum se reciperet. In [[Saxonia]]m reversus in saltibus [[Thuringia]]e insidiis fictis a militibus Saxonicis comprehensus in arcem nomine [[Wartburg]] delatus est. === Progressus reformationis in Germania === [[Fasciculus:Wartburg2004.JPG|thumb|[[Wartburg]] prope [[Eisenach]].]] A mense Maio anni [[1521]] usque ad mensem Martium [[1522]] Lutherus nomine "Junker Jörg" (nobilis Georgius) tectus in ''Wartburg'' versatus est. Strenue laborans fundamenta ecclesiae Protestanticae posuit: [[Magnificat]] carmen interpretatus reformatam de Sanctae [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Maria]]e veneratione opinionem demonstravit; sermonibus in omnes partes dimittendis novam praedicandi culturam condidit; litteris "De votis monasticis" [[Professio religiosa|professionem religiosam]] Sacrae Scripturae contra dicere affirmavit, quod "iustitia ex operibus" anniteretur, praeterea recessum ex mundo vocationi, ut Christianus in mundo vivens munus a Deo assignatum impleret et familiam conderet, repugnare. His litteris publicatis multi, etsi initio iudicio petiti, [[monasterium|monasteria]] reliquerunt. [[Fasciculus:Lutherbibel.jpg|thumb|left|[[Biblia]] a Luthero versa anni [[1534]].]] Lutheri opus maximi momenti erat [[Novum Testamentum]] e [[lingua Graeca]] versum. Editione Graeca paulo ante ab [[Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus|Erasmo Roterodamo]] facta usus est, cum anteriores versiones verniculares in [[Vulgata]] [[lingua Latina|Latina]] annisae sint. In vertendo Lutherus sermonem cotidianum facilemque ad intellegendum appetivit, qui per saecula exemplum vertendi factus est et insuper maximam ad progressum [[Lingua Theodisca alta|linguae Theodiscae altae]] vim habuit. Numerosa verba Theodisca a Luthero ficta usque ad hunc diem in usu sunt. Prima editio Novi Testamenti mense Septembri anno [[1522]] foras data est. [[Vetus Testamentum]] Lutherus ob difficultates linguisticas multasque de verborum significatione disputationibus gradatim usque ad annum [[1534]] perfecit. Cum [[Wittenberga]]e [[Andreas Carlostadius|Andrea Carlostadio]] duce [[missa]] maxime mutata vel quasi aboleta (1521) et [[iconoclastia]] facta est (1522) Lutherus a consilio urbis revocatus Wittenbergam revertit, habitu monastio praedicavit, missae restitutionem "ad infirmis parcendum" poposcit, tumultum a Deo vetitum esse dixit. Cum Carlostadius libellos aliquot edidit contra realem Christi in Eucharistia praesentiam Lutherus egit, ut Carlostadius urbe pelleretur. [[Fasciculus:Gedaechtniskirche_Speyer_Sued.jpg|thumb|Ecclesia quae [[Spira]]e in memoriam "protestationis" in [[dieta Spirensis|dieta Spirensi]] [[aedificium| aedificata est]].]] Tamen et Lutherus traditiones ecclesiasticas examinavit. Res Scripturae contrarias abolendas, traditiones non biblicas, dum utiles habitae sint, conservandas censuit. Causis didacticis contra imaginum vetitum et pro tralaticia liturgiae forma disputavit. [[Papa]]tum et [[Sacri Ordines|Sacros Ordines]], quippe qui non biblici essent, reiecit; ministros Protestantes non [[presbyter|sacerdotes]] ordinatos, sed [[laicus|laicos]] esse, qui ob meliorem institutionem et studium evangelicum officia pro fidelibus exercerent. Novi liturgiae ordines linguae Theodiscae a variis reformatoribus prolati (Carlostadius, [[Huldericus Zvinglius|Zvinglius]], postea etiam Lutherus) mox missam Latinam demoverunt, liturgia verbi (lectio Bibliorum et sermo) ex tunc principalis habebatur. In [[Dieta Imperii (Sacrum Romanum Imperium)|dieta]] anno [[1526]] [[Spira (urbs)|Spirae]] habita recessus dietae [[Wormatia|Wormatiensis]] ita mutatus est, ut [[Status Imperii]] libere de eius exsecutione sive de rebus religionibus decernerent. Quamquam [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolus V]] imperator se opposuit in dieta Spirensi diei [[19 Aprilis]] [[1529]] sex principes et quattuordecim [[Urbes imperiales|urbes imperiales]] contra Lutheri librorumque eius proscriptionem intercessionem fecerunt et liberam Evangelicae fidei propagationem poposcerunt. Haec "protestatio" principum nativitas Protestantismi habetur. A dieta [[Augusta Vindelicorum|Augustae Vindelicorum]] anno [[1530]], cum imperatori [[Confessio Augustana]] tradita est, duae reformationes factiones (Lutherani et pars Helvetica) ecclesias sui iuris constituere coeperunt: Liturgiae reformatae, confessiones conscriptae, regulae ecclesiarum statutae sunt. In loco [[Codex Iuris Canonici|iuris canonici]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|ecclesiae Romanae]] regimen cuiusque principis vel territorii constitit. Ecclesiis regionalibus crescendis potentia principum aucta, stipendia antea Romam missa minuta vel ex toto omissa sunt. Bellis inter Catholicos et Protestantes [[saeculum 16|saeculo decimo sexto]] medio in Germania Helvetiaque commissis liberum moderantium in rebus religionibus arbitrium confirmatum est, qui status postea verbis "[[cuius regio, eius religio]]" conceptus est. == Reformatio radicalis == [[Fasciculus:Thomas Muentzer.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|[[Thomas Müntzer]].]] Factiones reformatoriae, quae ecclesiae modum formamque a Luthero aut Zvinglio constitutam abnuerunt, a saeculo vicesimo nomine collectivo [[Reformatio radicalis|Reformationis radicalis]]<ref>Williams, George H. (1962). The radical reformation. Philadelphia : Westminster Press. ISBN 0940474158.</ref> vel etiam "Sinistrum reformationis cornu"<ref>Fast, Heinold (1962). Der linke Flügel der Reformation. Glaubenszeugnisse der Täufer, Spiritualisten, Schwärmer und Antitrinitarier (Klassiker des Protestantismus, vol. 4), Bremae.</ref> comprehenduntur. Notione imprimis reformatores sicut [[Thomas Müntzer]], [[Andreas Carlostadius]] et [[Caspar Schwenckfeldius]] necnon [[Anabaptistae]] designantur. Pars, inter quos notissimus Thomas Müntzer, reformationem ecclesiae a radicibus et eversionem rerum publicarum appetiverunt. Ex quo etiam [[Bellum rusticum Germanicum]] ([[1524]]–[[1526]]) ortum est. Anabaptistae, qui impulsu reformationis Helveticae paulo post bellum rusticum exstiterunt, communitatem Christianam [[Novum Testamentum|Novi Testamenti]] restituere cupiverunt. Non [[baptismus infantium|infantes]], sed soli homines [[baptismus adultorum|fide commoti]] [[baptismus|baptizati sunt]] (quod adversarii "rebaptisma" vocaverunt). Ecclesiam communitatem fidelium esse crediderunt, quibus omnibus [[sacerdotium universale|sacerdotii universalis]] participibus [[presbyter|presbyteros]] ac [[diaconus|diaconos]] suos eligere liceret. Severam [[Separatio ecclesiae a civitate|inter ecclesiam et civitatem separationem]] et [[libertas religionis|libertatem religionis]] poposcerunt, multi eorum [[iusiurandum]] abnuerunt. Hoc imprimis magistratibus suspecti facti varie vexationes passi sunt. Ad Anabaptistas inter alios [[Hutteri]] et [[Mennonitae]] pertinent. Longe aliter Anabaptistae [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]] in [[Westfalia]] spe imminentis [[Parusia]]e ac vexationibus acceptis furentes vi „[[regnum Monasterii]]“ erexerunt, quo [[prima communitas Hierosolymitana]] redintegraretur. Duces se instrumenta ac propugnatores [[regnum Dei|regni Dei]] imminentis esse arbitrati sunt. Quarta pars erant ii, quos animadversarii [[spiritualismus (theologia)|spiritualistas]] vocaverunt. Res externas despicientes non ecclesiam visibilem vel legibus constitutam constituere voluerunt, sed se quandam [[unio mystica|unionem mysticam]] viderunt. Ad eos [[Sebastianus Franck]] et [[Caspar Schwenckfeldius]] pertinuerunt. Et magistratus Catholici et Lutherani supradictos severitate persecuti sunt – nulla finium doctrinarumque ratione habita. Multae Anabaptistae patria expulsi, fortunis privati, in carcerem missi vel etiam capitis damnati sunt. == Propagatio reformationis aliis in terris == [[Fasciculus:Jean_Calvin.png|thumb|[[Ioannes Calvinus]].]] [[Fasciculus:Ulrich-Zwingli-1.jpg|thumb|[[Huldericus Zvinglius]] (fere [[1531]]).]] [[Fasciculus:Bullinger.JPG|thumb|[[Henricus Bullingerus]].]] Saeculo decimo sexto medio [[Ioannes Calvinus]] [[Genava]]e reformator prodiit, [[Turicum (urbs)|Turici]] in urbe autem [[Henricus Bullingerus]], qui [[Huldericus Zvinglius|Hulderico Zvinglio]] in ecclesia moderanda successit. Uterque scriptis reformationem consolidavit, Calvinus [[Institutio Christianae Religionis|Institutione Christianae Religionis]], Bullingerus [[Confessio Helvetica|Confessione Basileensi posteriore]], quae utraeque maximi ponderis ad Protestantismum toto orbe terrarum habuerunt. Ex doctrinis eorum [[Ecclesiae Reformatae]] progressae sunt. [[Gulielmus Tyndale|Gulielmo Tyndale]] suffocato, Calvini auctoritas apud Protestantes [[Anglia|Anglicos]] magis magisque accrevit. Idem cum [[Eduardus IV (rex Angliae)|Eduardo VI]] rege Angliae et cum theologis per litteras collocutus est. [[Colonia|Coloniis]] Anglicis ab anno [[1609]] in [[America Septentrionalis|America septentrionali]] conditis ibi ecclesiae Reformatae primas partes egerunt, imprimis [[Ecclesiae Congregationales]], [[Baptistae]], [[Ecclesiae Presbyterianae|Presbyteriani]], [[Communio Anglicana|Anglicani]], [[Religiosa Amicorum Sodalitas|Quackeri]] et [[Methodistae]]. [[Lutheranismus|Lutherani]] et [[Mennonita]]e minores congregationes formaverunt. === Helvetia === Reformatio in [[Helvetia]] aliter ac in Germania processit. Initium cepit ab anno [[1519]], cum [[Huldericus Zvinglius]] in ecclesia [[Großmünster (Turicum)|Großmünster]] [[Turicum (urbs)|Turici]] praedicare coepit, finem, cum [[bellum Toggenburgense|bello Toggenburgensi]] ([[1712]]) nova ecclesiarum divisio in Helvetia confirmata est. Quod Helvetia antiqua ex multis civitatibus foederatis constabat, reformatio a pluribus locis sparsa est. Ecclesiae ex reformatione Helvetica natae usque ad hunc diem doctrina moribusque a [[Lutheranismus|Lutheranismo]] abhorrent. Reformatores maximi momenti erant [[Ioannes Calvinus]], conditor [[Calvinismus|Calvinismi]], qui ab anno [[1536]] [[Genava]]m in "Romam Protestanticam" mutavit, Huldericus Zvinglius, qui Turicum ad Protestantismum duxit, et [[Henricus Bullingerus]], qui anno [[1549]] [[Consensus Tigurinus|Consensu Tigurino]] cum Calvino [[Quaestio de cena Domini|quaestionem de cena Domini]] solvit, ut ex Zvinglianis et Calvinistis Helvelticis una [[Ecclesiae Reformatae|ecclesia Reformata]] fieri posset. Cum Lutheranismus imprimis in Germania et in Europa septentrionali dispersus sit, reformatio Helvetica per [[Nederlandia]]m et [[Britanniarum Regnum]] usque ad [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitates Foederatas Americas]] se diffudit. Zvinglius et Calvinus traditiones, quae in [[Biblia|Bibliis]] non inveniuntur, stricte renuntiaverunt. Quare aedes ecclesiarum Reformatarum ornatu carent, sententiis biblicis exceptis; structura ecclesiastica est [[synodus|synodalis]], [[Ecclesiae Presbyterianae|presbyteriana]] aut [[Ecclesiae Congregationales|congregationalis]], id est sine [[episcopatus|episcopatu]]; Zvinglius certo tempore etiam musicam instrumentorum in ecclesia abnuit. Cum [[Missa|Cena Domini]] et a Zvinglio et a Calvino memoria haberetur, non autem [[transubstantiatio]] (ut in [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesia Catholica]]), ex toto novae [[liturgia]]e institutae sunt. Etiam [[Anabaptistae]] ex reformatione Helvetica prodierunt. Quamquam multis locis usque ad [[saeculum 17|saeculum decimum septimum]] crudeliter vexati, tamen se extra Helvetiam diffuderunt. Ex quibus etiam [[Mennonitae]] progessi sunt. === Francia === Etiam in [[Francia]], ubi [[hierarchia]] ecclesiastica magna ex parte usui rei publicae subiecta erat, postquam regi ex [[Concordatum Bononiense|Concordato Bononiensi]] anno [[1515]] pacto nominatio [[episcopatus|episcopatuum]] et [[abbatia]]rum competivit, novae reformationis cogitationes libenter exceptae sunt. Imprimis [[Lutetia|Parisiis]] [[humanista]]e sicut [[Erasmus Roterodamus]] aut [[Iacobus Faber Stapulensis]] primatum Sacrae Scripturae disputaverunt et segregationem ecclesiae a re publica poposcerunt. Etiam [[Margarita Navarrensis]] regis soror, et [[Ioannes Bellaius]] episcopus [[Dioecesis Baionensis|Baionensis]] huic circulo interfuerunt. Ipse rex [[Franciscus I (rex Franciae)|Franciscus I]] novis cogitationibus favebat, quare initio longe lateque spargere potuerunt. Postquam autem Lutherus anno [[1521]] a papa excommunicatus et deinde doctrinae eius ab [[Universitas Parisiensis|Universitate Parisiensi]] damnati sunt, Franciscus I variis causis rationes mutavit: Primo non solum de opiniobus theologicis sed etiam de structura ecclesiae agi intellexit, in quam potestatem suam partim innixus est; deinde papatum minime sibi hostilem habere voluit, cum ab [[Domus Habsburgensis|Habsburgis]] sive [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolo V]] imperatore tribus partibus (Germania, Nederlandia, Hispania) coartatus et in Italia bello irretitus esset. Inde Protestantes mox vexati sunt; die [[8 Augusti]] [[1523]] monachus [[Ordo Sancti Augustini|ordinis Sancti Augustini]] nomine [[Ioannes Vallière]] primus Protestantium, quod quidem sciatur, Parisiis ad palum alligatus concrematus est. Quamquam asseclae reformationis mox in clandestinitatem aut, ut puta Ioannes Calvinus, in terras externas acti sunt, tamen numerus fidelium celeriter crevit. Anno [[1523]] prima in Francia [[Meldis|Meldensis]] communitas Protestantica condita est, qua in urbe anno [[1546]] inter alios [[Petrus Clericus]] flammis crematus [[martyr]] Protestanticus factus est. Anno [[1559]] Parisiis prima Franciae [[synodus]] Protestantica peracta et ordo ecclesiasticus [[Confessio Gallica]] appellata constituta est. Circa annum [[1560]] iam fere vicies centena milium hominum sive decem ex centum Protestantismo adhaerebant, quorum maxima pars autem non iam doctrinis Lutheri, sed magis Calvini, qui [[Genava]]m reformaverat, sequebantur. Post annum [[1560]] nomen [[Hugenoti|Hugenotorum]]<ref>Etymologia verbi incerta est. Hodie multi "Hugenoti" ex verbo [[Dialecti Alemannicae|Alemannico]] "Aignots" / "Eugenots" sive "Eidgenossen", id est homines iureiurando coniuncti, deducunt. [[Genava]]e "Eidgenossen" armati [[pagus|pagorum]] [[Helvetia]]e contra [[Ducatus Sabaudiae|Ducatum Sabaudiae]] appellati sunt.</ref> in Francia paulatim illud Lutheranorum submovit. [[Fasciculus:Francois_Dubois_001.jpg|thumb|left|[[Franciscus Dubois]]: Le massacre de la Saint-Barthélemy.]] [[Henricus II (rex Franciae)|Henricus II]] pluribus decretis Protestantismum exstirpare studuit; ab anno [[1559]] [[haeresis|haeresim]] necessario capitis damnatio sequenda erat. [[Franciscus II (rex Franciae)|Francisco II]] Henrici filio regnante persecutio continuata est. Maxime notoria facta est illa atrox [[caedes Parisiis per noctem Sancti Bartholomaei commissa]] (die 23./24. Augusti [[1572]]), qua cum multa milia hominum tum primores Protestantismi Francogallici trucidati sunt. [[Edictum Namnetense]] ([[1598]]) res ad tempus pacavit, post [[Rupella]]m occupatam ([[1628]]) autem persecutio renovata est. Vexationibus a [[Ludovicus XIV|Ludovico XIV]] institutis, quibus reliqui Protestantes ad Ecclesiam Catholicam reducerentur, multi ut emigrarent adducti sunt, quam ob rem anno [[1669]] emigratio prohibita est. Tamen circiter 200000 Protestestantium intra 50 annos patriam reliquerunt. In terris, ubi recepti sunt (ut puta [[Borussia]], [[Helvetia]], [[Anglia]]) multum ad progressum [[oeconomia|oeconomicum]] culturalemque contribuerunt. Persecutio acerrime arsit, cum ab anno [[1681]] [[vigil]]es equo utentes ("Dragons" dicti) Protestantes in Francia meridiana inquisiverunt et impugnaverunt. Cum inter [[Bellum de successione Hispanica]] in [[Cévennes]] montibus [[bellum civile]] ortum est, Hugenoti ibi [[Camisardes]] dicti ab [[Angli]]s adiuti sunt, sed frustra. Inter annum [[1703]] usque ad [[1706]] a copiis regiis plus quam 400 vici funditus eversi sunt. Tamen Protestantismus non ex toto oppressus est, victimae ut martyres in memoria permanserunt. === Anglia et Scotia === [[Fasciculus:JohnKnox.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|[[Ioannes Knox]].]] Ecclesia [[Anglia|Anglica]] praecipue politicis causis ab [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana]] separata est. [[Theologia|Theologi]] quidem scripta [[Martinus Lutherus|Martini Lutheri]] et aliorum reformatorum proprio instinctu legerunt et quasdam consuetudines ecclesiasticas mutare cupiverunt. Iam antea [[Ioannes Wycliffe]] Anglicam versionem [[Biblia|Bibliorum]] collegerat et propagare studuerat. Tamen [[Gulielmus Tyndale]], qui idem conatus est, [[Henricus VIII (rex Angliae)|Henrico VIII]] regnante anno [[1536]] capitis damnatus est. Tum demum, cum [[Eduardus VI (rex Angliae)|Eduardus VI]] rex factus est, propria et vera reformatio coepit; inter alia primus [[Liber Precum Publicarum]] introductus est. Eduardo mortuo Anglia a [[Maria I (regina Angliae)|Maria Tudor]], "Maria sanguinea" dicta, vi ad doctrinam Catholicam reducta est, cum ei autem [[Elizabetha I (regina Angliae)|Elizabetha I]] successit, [[Ecclesia Anglica]] restituta est. [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Carolus I]], [[Carolus II (rex Angliae)|Carolus II]] et [[Iacobus II (rex Angliae)|Iacobus II]] quidem Ecclesiam Catholicam Romanam rursus ecclesiam publicam facere petebant, [[Revolutio gloriosa|Revolutione gloriosa]] ([[1688]]) autem reformatio in Anglica Scotiaque praevaluit. In [[Scotia]], [[Ioannes Knox|Ioanne Knox]] [[Ioannes Calvinus|Calvini]] discipulo auctore [[Ecclesiae Presbyterianae|Ecclesia Scotiae]] (Presbyteriani) imprimis creata est. In Anglia, variae communitates ab Ecclesia Anglica secesserunt: [[Puritanus|Puritani]] quidem in Ecclesia Anglica permanserunt, quam autem ab omnibus elementis "catholicis" purgare voluerunt. Alii congregationes ab Ecclesia Anglica seiunctas constituerunt ([[Ecclesiae Congregationales|Congregationalistae]]). Utraque factio a [[theologia]] Calvini formata [[episcopatus|episcopatum]] stricte renuntiavit. === Aliae terrae === In [[Scandinavia]], ecclesiae publicae institutae sunt, quae usque ad hunc diem Lutheranismum sequuntur. In [[Nederlandia]], theologia Calvinistica praevaluit, ecclesia publica reformata autem orta non est. In terris [[Europa Media|Europae mediae]], [[Europa Orientalis|orientalis]], et [[Europa Meridiana|meridianae]], ecclesiae Lutheranae et reformatae constitutae sunt magnitudine inter se valde diversae, quae, [[Transsilvania]] excepta, [[Contrareformatio]]ne aut auctoritate repulsae aut (in [[Hispania]] et [[Portugallia]]) ex toto oppressae sunt. In quibusdam vallibus [[Alpes|Alpinis]] [[Italia]]e parvae [[Valdenses|Valdensium]] communitates stabiles permanserunt, quae se reformationi Helveticae coniunxerunt. ==Reactio ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae== Reformatio [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] minime opinanti accidit. Novae doctrinae se celerrime diffuderunt, homines humiles, nobiles, etiam principes ad reformationem transierunt. [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolus V]] imperator Catholicus permansit, sed bellis [[Imperium Ottomanicum|Turcarum]] et [[Francia]]e occupatus reformationem exstinguere non potuit. [[Concilium Tridentinum]] denique ([[1546]]–[[1563]]) correctiones ac emendationes ecclesiae (praecipue [[clerus|cleri]] et [[curia Romana|curiae Romanae]]) exsecutum est. Quamvis doctrina mutata non sit, tamen ecclesia post concilium multis modis ab illa differebat, quam Lutherus cognoverat: Structura magis uniformi, [[liturgia]] normata ac paene unica [[Ritus Romanus|Romana]], novis [[ordo religiosus|ordinibus religiosis]] fulta, inter quos imprimis [[Societas Iesu|Iesuitae]] ab [[Ignatius de Loyola|Ignatio de Loyola]] conditi [[Contrareformatio]]nem ante agebant. {{vide-etiam|Contrareformatio}} ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references /></div> ==Bibliographia== === Biographica === * Aland, Kurt (1980). ''Die Reformatoren. Luther – Melanchthon – Zwingli – Calvin, mit einem Nachwort zur Reformationsgeschichte''; Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus. ISBN 3-579-03964-4 * Stupperich, Robert (1984). ''Reformatorenlexikon''; Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus. ISBN 3-579-00123-X * Ullmann, Carl (1842). ''Die Reformatoren vor der Reformation'', 2 vol.; Hamburgi 1842 / Gothae 1866 * [[Melchior Adamus]], ''Vitae Germanorum theologorum''. Haidelbergae, 1620 [http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/adam/adam4/adamvitae4.html Recensio interretialis] === Litterae Anglicae === ''Ordine chronologico:'' * [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=62407231 ''The Cambridge Modern History''. Vol. 2: The Reformation (1903)]. * {{CathEnc|12700b|The Reformation}} * Smith, Preserved. [[1920]]. [http://books.google.com/books?vid=OCLC00403814&id=0WoUJEOzHXAC&pg=PR1&dq=%22 ''The Age of Reformation'']. * {{cite book |authorlink=Hilaire Belloc |last=Belloc |first=Hilaire |year=[[1928]], [[2009]] |title=How the Reformation Happened |publisher=Tan Books & Publishing |isbn=0-89555-465-8}} * {{cite book |last=Bainton |first=Roland |authorlink=Roland Bainton |title=The Reformation of the Sixteenth Century |url=https://archive.org/details/reformationofsix0000bain_n9a6 |year=[[1952]] |publisher=The Beacon Press |location=Boston |isbn=0-8070-1301-3}} * Williams, George H. (1962). The radical reformation. Philadelphia : Westminster Press. ISBN 0940474158 * Lindberg, Carter [[1996]]. ''The European Reformations.'' ISBN 1-55786-575-2 * {{cite book |last=Pelikan |first=Jaroslav |authorlink=Jaroslav Pelikan |title=Reformation of Church and Dogma (1300–1700)|year=[[1984]]|publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |isbn=0-226-65377-3 }} * Gonzales, Justo. [[1985]]. ''The Story of Christianity, Vol. 2: The Reformation to the Present Day''. Franciscopole: Harper. ISBN 0-06-063316-6. * Estep, William R. [[1986]]. ''Renaissance & Reformation''. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0050-5. * Spitz, Lewis W. [[1987]]. ''The Renaissance and Reformation Movements.'' Vol. 1, ''The Renaissance''. Ed. retractata. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House. ISBN 0-570-03818-9. Vol. 2, ''The Reformation.'' Ed. 2a. Concordia Publishing House. ISBN 0-570-03819-7. * Cameron, Euan. [[1991]]. ''The European Reformation.'' Oxford University Press. * [[Carolus Braaten|Braaten, Carl E.]], et Robert W. Jenson. [[1996]]. ''The Catholicity of the Reformation''. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-4220-8. * Hillerbrand, Hans J., et al. eds. [[1996]]. ''The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation.'' 4 voll. ISBN 0-19-506493-3. * [[Diarmaid MacCulloch|MacCulloch, Diarmaid]]. [[2003]]. ''The Reformation: A History.'' Novi Eboraci: Penguin. * Hendrix, Scott H. [[2004]]. ''Recultivating the Vineyard: The Reformation Agendas of Christianization.'' Louisville & London: Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 0-664-22713-9. * Bagchi, David, et David C. Steinmetz, eds. [[2004]]. ''The Cambridge Companion to Reformation Theology.'' * Collinson, Patrick. [[2006]]. ''The Reformation: A History.'' [http://www.amazon.com/dp/0812972953 Partes.] * {{cite book |last=Naphy |first=William G. |title=The Protestant Revolution: From Martin Luther to Martin Luther King Jr |url=https://archive.org/details/protestantrevolu0000naph |year=[[2007]] |publisher=BBC Books |isbn=978-0-563-53920-9}} * Hillerbrand, Hans J. [[2009]]. ''The Protestant Reformation.'' Ed. 2a. [http://www.amazon.com/dp/0061148474 Partes.] * Marshall, Peter. [[2009]]. ''The Reformation: A Very Short Introduction.'' [http://www.amazon.com/dp/0199231311 Partes.] * Payton, James R., Jr. [[2010]]. ''Getting the Reformation Wrong: Correcting Some Misunderstandings.'' IVP Academic. [http://www.amazon.com/dp/0830838805 Partes.] === Litterae Theodiscae === ''Ordine alphabetico:'' * Fast, Heinold (1962). Der linke Flügel der Reformation. Glaubenszeugnisse der Täufer, Spiritualisten, Schwärmer und Antitrinitarier (Klassiker des Protestantismus, vol. 4), Bremae. * Heininen, Simo & Czaika, Otfried [[2010]]. [http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0159-2012060637 ''Wittenberger Einflüsse auf die Reformation in Skandinavien''], in: [[Europäische Geschichte Online]], ed. ab [[Institut für Europäische Geschichte (Mainz)]]. * Kamber, Peter [[2009]]. ''Reformation als bäuerliche Revolution. Bildersturm, Klosterbesetzungen und Kampf gegen die Leibeigenschaft in Zürich zur Zeit der Reformation (1522–1525)''. Turici: Chronos. ISBN 978-3-0340-0808-2 * Kaufmann, Thomas [[2009]]: ''Geschichte der Reformation.'' Francoforti ad Moenum: Suhrkamp. ISBN 978-3-458-71024-0 * Koch, Ernst [[200]]. ''Das konfessionelle Zeitalter – Katholizismus, Luthertum, Calvinismus (1563–1675)''. Lipsiae. ISBN 3-374-01719-3 (Kirchengeschichte in Einzeldarstellungen, II/8) * Küng, Hans [[1994]]. ''Das Christentum''. ISBN 3-492-03747-X (Caput IV: Das protestantisch-evangelische Paradigma, neuartige Sicht auf die Kirchengeschichte) * MacCulloch, Diarmaid [[2008]]. ''Die Reformation 1490–1700''. Monaci. ISBN 978-3-421-05950-5 * Moeller, Bernd [[1999]]. ''Deutschland im Zeitalter der Reformation'' (Deutsche Geschichte 4). Ed. 4a. Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. ISBN 3-525-33462-1 * Nieden, Marcel [[2012]]. [http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0159-2012042305 ''Die Wittenberger Reformation als Medienereignis''], in: [[Europäische Geschichte Online]], ed. ab [[Institut für Europäische Geschichte (Mainz)]]. * Roll, Christine (ed.) [[1996]]. ''Recht und Reich im Zeitalter der Reformation. Festschrift für Horst Rabe''. Francoforti ad Moenum et al.: Lang. ISBN 3-631-47923-9 * Schnabel-Schüle, Helga [[2006]]. ''Die Reformation 1495–1555''. Stuttgart: Reclam. ISBN 3-15-017048-6 * Sierszyn, Armin [[2000]]. ''2000 Jahre Kirchengeschichte, Reformation und Gegenreformation'' (Vol. 3). Holzgerlingen: Hännsler. ISBN 3-7751-3247-3. * Völker-Rasor, Anette (ed.) [[2000]]. ''Oldenbourg Geschichte Lehrbuch. Frühe Neuzeit''. Monaci: Oldenbourg. ISBN 3-486-56426-9 {{NexInt}} * [[Reformatio Anglica]] * [[:Categoria:Praeclari homines Ecclesiae emendationis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Reformation|Reformationem}} {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Historia}} {{FA stella}} [[Categoria:Communitates Protestantes]] [[Categoria:Reformatio|!]] [[Categoria:Schismata]] l7vrknygakil7y342ilycy6sh34fuic 4 38584 3982928 3878281 2026-08-21T17:59:24Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Antiqua disputatio|ab=2007-10-16|ad=2008-02-01}} == Stipularum forma == Adaptatio ex commentario de '''Guglielmo Howard Taft''': :Hoc est forma commentarii: ::'''Gulielmus Howard Taft''' (natus [[Cincinnatopolis|Cincinnatopoli]] in [[Ohium|Ohio]] die 15 Septembris 1857 - [[Vasingtonia]]e obiit die 8 Martii 1930) fuit magister iuris apud Universitam Yalensem, vir publicus, vicesimus septimus praesidens Civitatium Foederatarum Americae a die 4 Martii 1909 usque ad diem 4 Martii 1913 et decimus dux Tribunalis Supremi (Anglice Chief Justice) ab anno 1921 usque ad annum 1930. :Melius: ::'''Gulielmus Howard Taft''' (1857–1930) fuit Praesidens Civitatium Foederatarum Americae et deinde Dux Tribunalis Supremi. ::'''Vita''' ::Taft natus est Cincinnatopoliti die 15 Septembris 1857. Factus est magister iuris apud Universitam Yalensem, vicesimus septimus praesidens Civitatium Foederatarum Americae a die 4 Martii 1909 usque ad diem 4 Martii 1913, et decimus dux Tribunalis Supremi, ab anno 1921 usque ad annum 1930. Obiit Vasingtoniae die 8 Martii 1930. :The suggested form will help a stipula grow. The second paragraph might initially be headed "Vita," and of course it will gain subheadings as the text lengthens. It will grow drastically at the points marked (here for illustration only) by ellipses: ::'''Vita''' ::Taft natus est Cincinnatopoliti die 15 Septembris 1857. . . . Factus est magister iuris apud Universitam Yalensem. . . . Electus est vicesimus septimus praesidens Civitatium Foederatarum Americae . . . a die 4 Martii 1909 usque ad diem 4 Martii 1913. . . . Praefectus est decimus dux Tribunali Supremo . . . . ab anno 1921 usque ad annum 1930. . . . Obiit Vasingtoniae die 8 Martii 1930. . . . :Articles should be set up with a structure designed to ''grow,'' what may be described as an ''open'' form. The current form of this article—as of many, many, many stipulas (especially biographical ones)—is ''closed.'' It will force anyone wanting to expand it to do ''needless'' extra work. Stipulas, obviously, are acknowledged by their authors to be incomplete: they shouldn't be designed so as to ''impede'' their expansion. The form I've suggested above is more amenable to growth. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:42, 16 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::: '''praeses''' et '''Civitatum''' (cf. ''Tituli: praeses versus praesidens'') [[Usor:ThbdGrrd|ThbdGrrd]] 13:14, 19 Octobris 2007 (UTC) mea == Vandalismus persistens == It seems our persistent Nebrasca vandal is making a point continuing to inflict himself upon us. See [[Lingua Escimona]] and [[Butyrumalia]]. It is amazing how much energy this creature has. Too bad he is incapable of directing the energy to creating rather than destroying.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:30, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :Well, I deleted those, so we can't see them, anymore. What a jackass, ey?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 02:14, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :: Perhaps we should redirect the future facetiae of this gentleman to [http://uncapaedia.wikia.com/wiki/Pagina_prima]? --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 02:24, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) == Wide image == Did someone make a version of the en:wiki's "Template:Wide image"? I seem to remember seeing one ... but I can't find it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:46, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :See [[Terrae motus]]--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:51, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::<nowiki>{{wide image|put image here,etc..}}</nowiki>--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:53, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) == bot flag == For the record: As the bots [[Usor:VolkovBot]] and [[Usor:AlleborgoBot]] appear to do good work, I asked our [[Vicipaedia:grapheocrates|grapheocrates]] to grant them bot status so that their edits will no longer show up in [[Specialis:Nuper mutata]]. --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 12:41, 26 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :Yeah, I was going to suggest that sooner or later, anyways. Thanks, UV.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:07, 26 Octobris 2007 (UTC) == Categoria ? == Hi, just a question, i know we are calling our category system ''categoria'', i think this is most Italianic, in Latin this would be '''Categoriae''', just a thought??, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 20:52, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :Well, it's late and uncommon, but it's singular, so I'm not sure what you mean, Hendrice?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 21:09, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::I mean Latin isn't always the same as Italian, i tought that category (eng) is categoria (Italian) and categoriae in Latin ( singular = categoriae > multiple = categorium ) or not ?? [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 21:43, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::Certainly Latin is not always the same as Italian...but in Latin the word is feminine and singular and categoria. Categorium would be a weird syncopated genitive plural (I've certainly never seen the word). Further, no word in the whole language (watch Muke or Iustinus or Fabullus or Neander or Iacobus come prove me wrong) that has its singular form terminate in ''~ae''. Don't really know where you got that, Hendrice.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 22:35, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::: <small>Ioscius: How many persons is [[Pasiphae]]? ;-)</small> :::: (Hendricus: Don't let me confuse you – Ioscius is absolutely right <small>and [[Pasiphae]] is not a Latin word, it's Greek</small>.) --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:22, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::::Well, I even win that one, UV. Categori|ae is a dipthong, while Pasiph|aë has a diaeresis! =] --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 02:31, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::::In manu scriptis musicae medievalis et eorum editionibus modernis, saepe invenitur verbum ''Euouae,'' quod consistit in vocalibus verborum "[''in secula''] ''seculorum. Amen.''" !!! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 04:36, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::::: ok, was just a question, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 13:20, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) "Categoria" means *one* category. "Categoriae" are two or more categorIES. == Translation request == Môj, I don't know where to ask this, so i start asking here: translation request: * [[Echinococcus granulosus]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 20:18, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * [[Echinococcus multiocularis]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 20:38, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * [[Dipylidium caninum]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 22:23, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * [[Taenia solium]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 23:43, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * [[Taenia saginata]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 00:26, 30 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::What do you mean? These names are already in latin... or do you mean something else? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. * The names right, i was hoping for some tekst translation from the english version, it's rather technical, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 22:27, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::Oh, of course, I thought it seemed a bit of a strange question! I'll see what I can do. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :::Thanks, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 22:35, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::I've done the first sentence for E. gran. All the medical terms are a pain in translation, though. Words like ''proglottid'' make me want to ''currere ad murum testaceum''. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :::::I've had a go at it, but there may remain "gender & number issues" with "[[cestoda]] [[cyclophyllidea]]." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 03:31, 30 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Ah, now I see: [[Cestoda]] is a class and therefore plural, and [[Cyclophyllidea]] is also plural, so I've changed the phrase to ''cestodorum cyclophyllideum'' 'a cyclophyllid of the cestods', which seems to be what it's trying to say; of course biologists may have a better formula for it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 03:40, 30 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * That's what i've ment with rather technical, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 22:54, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) == Societates ludicerae == Please see [[Disputatio:Mancunienses Uniti]]. I don't know whether we should be translating football club names. Should we use the names of the imhabitants of the city then ''urbs'' or ''uniti'' afterwards? Should we use the city names with SP after them? Should we just keep them how they are in their native languages? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :I am arch-conservative on this. I don't think we should translate the names of organizations, unless someone has already given them a Latin name. But I think most others disagree with me ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:09, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::I'm happy with translating names (just check [[societas Manufollii Universitatis Oxoniensis]]), although I see Andrew's point.--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 13:12, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::See how [[Boston Red Sox]] finesses the problem: the legally valid (English) term is the lemma, but every reference thereafter is to the Lation version of it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:45, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::OK. The only two clubs likely to have sources are ''Mancunienses Uniti'' and ''Armorum Fabricatores'' (Arsenal). How should we handle the "thereafter referenced" names? (like ''urbs'' and ''uniti''? I think we need a single method and club names from across different sports are springing up all over the place at the moment). Should we make something on TNP? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. == Fairy stories == [[Cinderella]] is maybe our first article about a fairy story. ::N.B.: There are usually no fairies in a "fairy tale," so we may be well advised to avoid that term, at least in English. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:41, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) # I don't know if we have any reason to choose the young lady's English name for our heading, rather, than, say, her French, Italian or Spanish names. (I don't suggest German, because ''Aschenputtel'' doesn't fit very nicely into Latin.) Any views? # This has made me obey suggestions made earlier and move entries concerned with stage plays out of [[:Categoria:Fabulae]] into [[:Categoria:Ludi scaenici]]. That having been done, should [[:Categoria:Fabulae]] become the place for fairy stories, or is Fabulae too general and ambiguous a word for that special concept? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:05, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :'''1'''In Spanish it is ''Cenicienta'' which I do not know how to translate properly, but ''ceniza'' is "ash" and -enta is and adjectivation coming from the Latin -ns (it would be something like covered in ashes or ashe-coloured).¶'''2''' On this thing, fabulae is in my opinion too wide, despite the fact that fabula in spanish has a very precise meaning--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 13:16, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::Re categories: you might consider if the proposed category is for European stories only, or whether it includes folktales from, say, indigenous peoples of Brazil. Do our German friends include non-European tales among the canonical Märchen? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:39, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::Well, then, I think [[:Categoria:Fabulae populares]] will work (corresponding to "folk tales" rather than "fairy tales", and not exclusively European). OK? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:02, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::Quaeso inspiciatis [[Disputatio:Cinerella]], ubi translationes quae attestantur enumeravi. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:46, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::Gratias tibi ago, Iosci! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:02, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) [[Nicolaus Gross]] habet "fabellas Grimmianas", ''Grimms Märchen''. (''Märchen'' indicat omnes fabellas etiam in aliis partibus mundi.) --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 16:24, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Spies == I'm not sure whether [[Compton Mackenzie]] is our first spy or secret agent. Do we have a Latin word for these professions? "Emissarius" was the best I could get from my dictionary. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:44, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :For "spy" I find "speculator" (probably the etymological origin), but this might be more military reconnaisance. "Agens in rebus" was, I think, secret police. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 13:53, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::One of my old dictionaries (Ainsworth's) offers: ''speculator, explorator, Corycaeus, custos, *catascopus.'' It has this model attestation: ''Speculandi causa missus erat in Ciliciam'' 'He was sent as a spy into Cilicia'. Another (White's) has the first two and adds that ''speculator'' was used by both Cicero & Caesar, and ''explorator'' by Caesar. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:55, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::The CLC uses ''explorator''. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::::My dictionary says that ''explorator'' is more of a scout than a spy--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:30, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::::Yeah, even the back of the CLC lists scout first. It seems to be inferior to ''emissarius''. Nevertheless, it's probably what a Roman would have said and most dictionaries seem to prefer this and ''speculator''. If we look into the verbs which are the basis for their formation, ''speculor'': watch, observe, spy out, examine, explore and ''exploro'': search out, explore, test, try out, reconnoiter, investigate. ''Emissarius'' looks more suitable but maybe less classical. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :::::Undoubtedly, someone will prove me wrong about the last bit ;) <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::::::'''Spy'''. Etymology: Middle English ''spien'', from Anglo-French ''espier'', of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German ''spehōn'' to spy; akin to Latin '''''specere''''' to look, look at, Greek ''skeptesthai'' & ''akopein'' to watch, look at, consider Date: 13th century.-Iosifer == Amici amicaeque mei (meaeque)! Tempus est! == Cras est butyrumalia! That's right everyone! The traditional Eskimo butter festival (see butyrum, butyrumalia, et nebrasca for details)is tomorrow, November 1st! Prepare the butter statues of your ancestors, and make the customary sacrifices to your household deities to ensure a plentiful butter harvest in the year to come. There will be horse-racing, discus-throwing, and whale-fighting in the arena near you! Refreshments will not be served, so BYOB (bring your own butter.) Io! Butyrumalia! Io! Butyrumalia! :You've got to admire their persistence...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 03:19, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) Nihil destruximus! Veritatem narramus. [[Usor:67.159.45.209|67.159.45.209]] 20:49, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::I don't like butter. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. == De linguis officialibus Tabernae == Yo pensaba que la Vicipaedia era en latín, no en inglés; curioso, muy curioso... :Vide [[pagina prima|paginam primam]]: "Ecce nostra '''Taberna''' et '''Legatio''', in quibus potes qualibet lingua intelligibili loqui" ... etiam Hispanice! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:45, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Si come Andrea dijo, aqui podemos hablar en cualquiera idioma! Recorda, creamos una enciclopedia en latín, no discusiones.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 14:49, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Cuando traduciendo de un idioma a otro, es muy util poder communicarse en ambos o mutiples idiomas. El latin tambien es especial porque ya no hay nadie que lo hable como lengua nativa. Ya que a mayoria de nosotros entendemos el ingles, ya que se convertido casi lengua internacional, por eso solemos communicar en ingles tanto como en latin. Pero si no entiendes bien el ingles scribe en latin o espanol y te entederemos. Salve --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:03, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == De passivo verbi ''saepire'' == ¿Podría alguien decirme cómo es la conjugación de ''saepire'' en 3ra persona plural del pasivo?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 17:13, 5 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :->''saepiuntur'' Romani ab inimicis saepiuntur ->''los romanos fueron rodeados (circundados) por enemigos''.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:18, 5 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Pop music == how do you say 'pop group' in latin? :Turma (vel grex) quae (vel qui) canit musicam popularem.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 19:02, 5 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::''Grex popularis'' would do the job too.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:23, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::I would go for "grex musica popularis" or "grex musica pop" ("popularis" is a bit confusing because it might might mean in this case that they are a popular music band rather than a band that sings pop music, and pop music and music that is popular are not exactly the same thing) -[[Usor:Kedemus|Kedemus]] 07:15, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::As usual, Kedemus proposes something undeclinable. Let's stick with the declinable adjectives, I'm sure we can find ways to make its use unambiguous.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:20, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::That same ambiguity exists in English, yet the desired meaning is always clear from the context. -[[Specialis:Conlationes/129.59.98.250|129.59.98.250]] 18:04, 2 Februarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Re: "how do you say 'pop group' in latin?"&mdash;Exactly: in most contexts, ''grex'' will suffice: just plain ''grex.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:15, 2 Februarii 2008 (UTC) == De Adverbiis == Quomodo debeo substantivum declinare ut eadem ab adverbio præceduntur? (if I didn't write it properly: How must I decline the nouns when they're preceded by an adverb?) --[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:01, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Not sure what you mean, adverbs have no bearing on the declension of a noun... Prepositions and verbs do, but not adverbs.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 16:02, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Really?? :S :S :S I think I misunderstood everything. So, must I use prepositions instead???--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:11, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::: Ut bene Ioscius dicit, adverbia non sunt praepositiones; substantiva non afficiunt, sed verba. Exempli gratia considera adverbium bene: Bene homo dicit; Homo bene sententiam dicit; Bene homo sententiam dicit. In ea sententia ''bene'' solum verbum ''dicit'' afficit. :::Quam rem vis ad latinum convertere?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:17, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::What sentence are you trying to render in latin?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:20, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::This one: ''Upon the table, a small wooden podium is set up.''--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:28, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::In mensa, podium ligneo factum parvum instruitur; or equivalently, if you don't want to emphasize "upon the table", Podium ligneo factum parvum mensa instruitur.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:35, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::May I use the adjective ''ligneus, -a, -um'' (which, according to [[Words]], means wooden) instead of ''ligneo factum''? Is that possible?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:43, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Yes, I think "podium ligneum" would be fine. :::::::Which is your adverb? ''Upon'' is a preposition, corresponding to "in" in the Latin translation. Yes, prepositions have to be followed by a noun in a particular case. Which case? It varies with the preposition. You need to check in a dictionary. ''In'' takes the ablative when it means "in/on"; it takes the accusative when it means "into, on to". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:47, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::::Parvum lectorinum ligneum est super mensa erectum. [If a diminutive is OK: ''Lectorinculum ligneum. . . .''] [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 16:57, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::::Nomen ''lectorinum'', quod secundae declinationis esse videtur, diminutive fit ''lectorinulum'' (sine 'c'), aut fortasse ''lectorillum'' (vide [[Suffixum diminutivum#Declinationes Prima Secundaque|hic]]. Terminatio ''-culum'' pertinet ad nomina tertiae, quartae et quintae declinationis (vide [[Suffixum diminutivum#Declinatio Tertia|hic]]). --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 09:10, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Also ''super'' (acc) could work. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::::Hmmm, not quite, Harri. Super is like sub in that, when accusative, they imply motion. ''Super lunam bos salit'' means that the cow jumped over the moon (and landed/kept going on the other side). However, when ablative, they imply static (or at least not transient motion). ''Bombus super scruto volat'' means that the bee was flying over (the top of) the trash. So he could use super here with ablative, but not accusative. Etiam, mea quidem sententia, "in" melius sit. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 16:55, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::Thanks, Iosci. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. Thx you all!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:51, 11 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::"Podium ligneo factum parvum mensa instruitur" "ligneo" è un aggettivo e qui era necessario un sostantivo "ligno". "Parvo ligneo podio mensa instruitur" mi sembrerebbe la migliore. Lio da Pisa.13 Januarii 2008 ::::::Fuit error typographicus; Legatur correcte "podium ligno factum" = "podium ligneum"; Sed mea sententia rectior fuisset "Lectorinum ligneum".--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:23, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Nova verba<s>e</s> == Are there official latin words for things such as potato, bicycle or lightbulb, or do people just randomly make them up? How do you know which words to use?????? :A dictionary? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::<s>The [[:es:Contubernio de Múnich|Evil meeting of München]] makes an official list once a year, after cutting up a sheep and cheking if the omens are favourable</s>.--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:28, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Sorry, just joking... I found the question really funny...--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:28, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) maybe someone could make an official list on Vicipaedia one day [[Usor:Kai_su_teknon]] :Of words? This why people like Traupman and the catholics write conversational latin books. There's also several on the internet. Maybe you'd like to see the links [http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium_6#Modern_latin which another user asked] to some dictionaries of such words. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::What you mean by "official"? There is no Royal Academy of Latin, just latin dictionaries, glossaries, and what is gotten by reading the literature. I would recommend the sources Harrissimo mentions, especially Traupman's conversational latin book for modern things.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:16, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Also, re ''potato.'' A potato is a living thing. All identified living things&mdash;plants & animals&mdash;have official Latin names, given to them by highly qualified scientists. (In fact, to be scientifically recognized, almost every species needs a Latin name and a full scientific description published in Latin.) Several million such names are known and available. Unfortunately for those who like lists to be complete, microbiologists in the past few years have begun to understand that there are probably many hundreds of millions of species of unidentified microbes. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:19, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Potato = (Potato plant) [[patata|solanum tuberosum]]; (potato itself) (common name) patata vel (scientifically descriptive name) tuber solani ::::bicycle = [[birota]] (Traupman) ::::light bulb = [[globulus electricus]] (Traupman) ::::--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:31, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Ablative of Rigor == The enwiki article [[:en:Hadrian's Wall|Hadrian's Wall]] has the following section in it: :RIGORE seems to be the ablative form of the Latin word ''rigor''. This can mean several things, but one of its less-known meanings is ‘straight line’, ‘course’ or ‘direction’. Could someone confirm this please? Many thanks. [[:en:User:Tivedshambo|Tivedshambo]] 07:59, 9 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::I can. [http://lysy2.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/words.exe?rigore This site proves that ''rigore'' is ablative of ''rigor''] and [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3D%2341763 this one proves] that is can mean ‘straight line’, ‘course’ or ‘direction’. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :::Many Thanks. [[:en:Tivedshambo|Tivedshambo]] 19:16, 9 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Error in pagina prima == Error in pagina prima sub pictura de Polynesiis navigantibus scriptus: muta "ca. anno 1781" ad "ca. annum 1781"; et "deus ...timebant" ad "deum...timebant."-anon == New formula == I made a formula {{fn|Pars vicificanda}} to place on an otherwise good page where some new text has been added that needs vicifying and maybe Latinizing. I needed it for [[Ramayana]] but I think it will be useful elsewhere. But what I can't do is to make it fit into the horizontal space available rather than conflict with an image that's on the page already! Can anyone help with this? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:57, 10 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Thanks to [[Usor:UV]] for quietly solving my problem! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:04, 11 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Hendricus - untranslated biographies == I copy here what I've just written on Hendricus' discussion page: :Dear Hendricus, first I wish to thank you for your incredible work. : I understand and share your target to enrich la.wiki, but the opening of a lot of untranslating pages doesn't make sense. The users of la.wiki are actually very few and we can't translate a lot of new pages. Therefore I beg you please to insert already in Latin at least the name, birth and death dates and activity of the person. If you desire to suggest new pages, you can rather use the taberna page. Thank you and ciao--[[Usor:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 07:30, 11 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Ayuda == ¿Cómo puedo traducir la palabra ''enmarcado/a'' al latín?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:39, 11 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Hmmm. Que es la frase entera? "enmarcar un foto" es "in forma includere", por tanto el participio es "in forma incluso/a/um". ¿Ti ayuda este? --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:16, 12 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Es ésta: ''El lienzo del Señor de los Milagros se ubica sobre el eje transversal del anda. El lienzo, en cuya parte posterior se ubica el de Nuestra Señora de la Nube, está encuadrado por un doble marco de columnas salomónicas que rematan en capiteles a modo de querubines, sobre los que se apoya un arco ornamentado con especies de volutas y rostros de ángeles.''--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 14:37, 12 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Mi diccionario (Spes vox latina latino-español/español-latino) da ''forma, -ae'' para marco. Lo malo es que los romanos no usaban marcos y no tenian cuadros, así que creo que a no ser que haya una palabra tardía, enmarcado sería en mi opinión, algún derivado de ''pictus in forma positus/collocatus'', pero yo no soy quien, aquí hay gente que sabe muuuucho más que yo...--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 16:11, 12 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == [[Lutetia]]/Parisius? == On propose de renommer l'article [[Lutetia]] (nom ancien) et de substituer '''Parisius''' (nom médiéval, plus proche au nom français). Voir [[Disputatio:Lutetia]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:27, 12 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Pour mon part, j'ai toujours vu le nom "Parisius" en forme pluriel, c'est à dire "Parisii" (Parisiis publice iure factus etc.). Je crois que celà remonte à la "Lutetia Parisorum," qu'on ait abbéviée à "Parisii" (pluriel). Alors moi je dirais que le nom contemporait devrait être "Parisii" (dont le locative "Parisiis"). -[[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 19:43, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC) {I am copying this to [[Disputatio:Lutetia]]: hope that's OK. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:11, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC)) == Categories for biologists == Hendricus has been asking me about building a category structure for the biologist articles he is adding. If anyone wants to comment -- or to disagree with me! -- our discussion is on my disputatio page. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:27, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Praesens perfectus continuus == Quomodo possum verba in "present perfect continuous" transferre??? Exempli gratia: Quid est latina forma huius sententiae "I''''ve been living''' in Rome for 3 years"? Gratias plurimas vobis ago! [[Usor:Equula|Equula]] :Romam tres annos habito? (Accusative of the extent of time.) -[[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 20:02, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::Tantum? Putavi esse quid difficilius! Gratias tibi ago.[[Usor:Equula|Equula]] Per tres annos Romae vixi. Id puto, quia "habito" tempus praesens est nec minime tempus praeteritum indicat.[[Lio]] :"Tres annos Romae vixi" = "I was alive in Rome three years (and no longer live there)"; "Tres annos Romae vivo" = "I have been alive in Rome three years (and continue to live there)". "Per" in "Per tres annos" = "through three years" Latine est forma prava.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:35, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Exempli gratia et "Tres annos Romae habito" = "I have resided in Rome three years (and continue to reside)".--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:36, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == geographical coordinates == Hi to all. i've managed to copypaste some templates from the English wiki to create geographical coordinates in articles (see: [[Promontorium Paeninsulae Eboraci]]), there are some red linked templates left in the structure, and the templates should be protected by administrators, for now the coordinates are workable at the articles, so maybe an administrator can look into this and get a finnishing touch, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 20:57, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Nice!--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:49, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Link FA|lt == Just for my info, what does this command, when placed between curly brackets, do? Anonymous 84.55.6.110 has inserted it into a couple of files. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:37, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :It makes a star on the it interwiki link, to show that X article was featured (FA=featured article) at the Italian wikipedia. Harmless.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:18, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::OK. Jes' wondrin'. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:30, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids == Aliquid scribere de ''Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids'' velim, sed nescio quales sunt latinae formae horum verborum. Nescio quidem si similes nexus iam sunt quia translationem ignoro. Quid est mihi faciendum? Potestis nonne mihi auxilio esse ? [[Usor: Equula|Equula]] :See [[Morgan]]'s gloss. http://facweb.furman.edu/~dmorgan/lexicon/silva.htm --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:46, 16 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::lipid comes from greek lipos (gen lipidis?)--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:52, 16 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == ''Corbata/Necktie/Cravate'' == ¿Alguien sabe cómo se dice ''corbata'' en latín?/Does anybody know how to say ''necktie'' in Latin?/Est-ce qu'il y a quelqu'un(e) qui sais comment dire ''cravate'' en latin? Gracias de antemano./Thank you in advance./Merci par avance.--[[User:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 05:50, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Focal -is. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 15:15, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::[[Petrus Needham]] habet "fascia, ae, f", [[b:Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter/Nova verba]] --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 15:28, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Focale -is is a scarf according to Morgan, also termed fascia collaris, while neck-tie is fascia Croatica or just fascia for short, attested as coming from LRL. --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:30, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::(Head scarf would then be "focale capitale".) --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 15:42, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::White's dictionary defines English 'cravat' as ''focale.'' Ainsworth's defines one ''focale'' as "A muffler, to keep the throat and neck warm, Mart. Quint." and another ''focale'' as "A garment worn by the fire-side, Sen." Among the senses of ''fascia,'' Ainsworth's includes (I condense the entry): "1. a swathe, band, or roller, used by the ancients on their thighs and legs, instead of breeches; 2 a bandage for wounds or broken limbs; 3 a cloud; 4 a wreath about the top of a pillar; 5 a diadem; 6 a stomacher, or breast-cloth, a child's bib, a scarf." ¶ Ainsworth's welter of senses of ''fascia'' show no obligatory association with the neck, whereas ''focale'' does show an attested association with the neck. Also, for ''fascia,'' the sense of 'scarf' is the ''last'' one listed (and presumably then the least particularly relevant one). Therefore, for 'necktie', ''focale'' seems the likelier bet. [[User:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 15:52, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Academic Degree == Please see [[Disputatio:Gradi academici apud Universitatem Oxoniensem|this]]. Also, I thought it best to follow the example of [[Universitas Harvardiana]] and use "graduandus" for "undergraduate" and "graduatus" for "graduate". Just to be complicated, you can do an undergraduate master's degree at Oxford and a graduate bachelor's degree. O di immortales! [[Usor:LeighvsOptimvsMaximvs|Leigh]] ^{[[Disputatio Usoris:LeighvsOptimvsMaximvs|(disp)]]} 21:40, 21 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Hmmm, I've always liked ''laureatus'' better than ''graduatus''...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:15, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Egger D.L.? == Does anybody know what this might be the abbreviation for? I see it in Morgan a lot and look forward to citing it in some of our country pages. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:15, 22 Novembris 2007 (UTC). :I have responded on your page, Harri, but the Cliff notes are: :>''Diurnarius Latinus (Opus Fundatum Latinitas, Romae, 1980)'' :--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 21:29, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == HELP == I can't open the page nuper mutata, something wrong?--[[User:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 11:55, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :I can open it. May it be just your browser?--[[User:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 12:02, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Help needed to translate Latin book titles == Hi, is anyone able to help provide English translations for the following book titles in Latin that appear in "[[w:John Parkinson (botanist)|John Parkinson (botanist)]]"? * ''Paradisi in Sole, Paradisus Terrestris'' (1629) &ndash; this is currently translated as ''Park-in-Sun's Terrestrial Paradise'', which seems a bit strange to me. ** Seems to be a joke on ''Park-in-son''...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:10, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) * ''Theatrum Botanicum'' (1640) &ndash; this is currently rendered as ''The Botanical Theatre'', but one source has ''Theatre of Plants'' instead. Which translation is better? ** The first one...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:10, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) If necessary, please discuss the matter on the article's [[w:Talk:John Parkinson (botanist)|talk page]]. Thanks. &mdash; Cheers, [[w:User:Jacklee|<span style="color:#ce2029">Jack</span><span style="color:#800000">'''Lee'''</span>]] ^{&ndash;[[w:User talk:Jacklee|talk]]&ndash;} 14:52, 23 November 2007 (UTC) Thanks very much, I've had a few helpful responses to this. I didn't spot the pun on "Parkinson" &ndash; it just didn't make sense to me. Still need some translation help over at "[[w:John Parkinson (botanist)|John Parkinson (botanist)]]": see the [[w:Talk:John Parkinson (botanist)|talk page]] there. &mdash; Cheers, [[w:User:Jacklee|<span style="color:#ce2029">Jack</span><span style="color:#800000">'''Lee'''</span>]] ^{&ndash;[[w:User talk:Jacklee|talk]]&ndash;} 13:17, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :I have responded at the English talk page. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:38, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) === Translation of more Latin book titles === Hi, I'd be grateful if someone would provide English translations of the following additional Latin book titles (and imprint information, where necessary) that appear in the article "[[w:John Parkinson (botanist)|John Parkinson (botanist)]]" over at en.wikipedia: * [[w:Royal College of Physicians|Medicorum Collegij Londinensis [Royal College of Physicians of London]]] (1618). ''Pharmacopœia Londinensis in qua medicamenta antiqua et nova vsitatissima, sedulò collecta, accuratissimè examinata, quotidiana experientia confirmata describuntur. Opera Medicorum Collegij Londinensis. Ex serenissimi Regis mandato cum R.M. Priuilegio''. London: Printed by Edwardus [Edward] Griffin for Iohannis [John] Marriot, ad insigne iridis albæ in platea vulgò dicta Fleet-street. :This is off the top of my head, others will want to give their input: "London pharmacopia in which are described the most useful old and new drugs, diligently collected, very accurately examined, confirmed by daily experience. Work of the London College of Doctors. By the mandate of the very serene King with R.M. (?) privilege. London...Marriot, at the sign of the white iris in the square commonly called Fleet-street." [[Usor:71.208.202.37|71.208.202.37]] 05:18, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) * van de Passe, Crispijn [the Elder] (1614[&ndash;1617]). ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum & minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam varamq[ue] formam accuratissime delineatae et secundum quatuor anni tempora divisae exhibentur incredibili labore ac diligentia Crisp. Passaei junioris delineatae ac suum in ordinem redactae''. Arnheimij [Arnhem]: Ioannem Ianssonium [?Jan Janszoon the Elder]. :Again, this is a first effort to which others may respond: "Floral garden in which are exhibited images of rather rare and less common flowers, in living and bent [? or "veram" = "true" or "variam" =" various"] form, delineated very accurately and divided according to the four seasons of the year, [exhibited] by the unbelievable labor and diligence of Crispus (?) Passaeus the younger, delineated and brought back into their own order."[[Usor:71.208.202.37|71.208.202.37]] 05:18, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Do respond at the article's [[w:Talk:John Parkinson (botanist)#Translation of more Latin book titles|talk page]]. Thanks. &mdash; Cheers, [[w:User:Jacklee|<span style="color:#ce2029">Jack</span><span style="color:#800000">'''Lee'''</span>]] ^{&ndash;[[w:User talk:Jacklee|talk]]&ndash;} 04:53, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Thanks very much. Other translation suggestions are welcome at [[w:Talk:John Parkinson (botanist)#Translation of more Latin book titles|talk page]]. &mdash; Cheers, [[w:User:Jacklee|<span style="color:#ce2029">Jack</span><span style="color:#800000">'''Lee'''</span>]] ^{&ndash;[[w:User talk:Jacklee|talk]]&ndash;} 15:07, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Res amoris gestae == "Res amoris gestae"? Is it not clear to you how silly this phrase is? It seems as though many of you need to go back to your Caesar, your Livy, your Cicero so that you can remind yourselves of what Latin looks like. Perhaps take a cruise through Bradley's Arnold. Is it not apparent that creating an encyclopaedia in this language is a fool’s errand? intellectual masturbation? Do you not understand that there is a difference between ''Latinitas'' and ''felicitas''? Articles on [[Dies Viridis|Green Day]] and [[Osculum Escimaicum|Eskimo kisses]] lack both. Do you understand that keeping a not very funny article on [[amphora porci|canned ham]] for months while deleting immediately anything on the [[Rex Jeff Nebrascanorum|Nebraska Eskimos]] is rank hypocrisy? [[User:Escimonicorum Magister Osculorum|Escimonicorum Magister Osculorum]] 17:31, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :I agree with you Jeff, there is often a lack of both felicitas and Latinitas apud nos. That's why we don't need blatant vandalism. You're right about the canned pork, too, and I would have deleted that if I had seen it before. I also agree with you that res amoris gestae is pretty poor. I don't know why any of this encourages you to write nonsense, instead of trying to help in a serious manner? :As for intellectual masturbation, I leave you with two quotes: ::''Don't knock masturbation; it's sex with someone I love.''--Woody Allen ::''Give me rampant intellectualism as a coping mechanism.''--Chuck Palahniuk :--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:21, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::I agree with the magister too. I die every time I see that awful yellow {{fn|Iocus}}. And I say this although I have spent some of my life (from long before Wikipedia was a twinkle in Wales's eye) writing reference books that, incidentally, just now and then, make people laugh. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:56, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::But in your pontification you have made a logical leap, O magister, and stumbled on landing. ''Is it not apparent that creating an encyclopaedia in this language is a fool’s errand?'' No, it isn't. The fact that we haven't yet done it well enough doesn't mean that it can't be done. [[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] (who hasn't been around recently, I'm sorry to say) wrote to me that he thought we might get there in about 50 years. Compared with the gestation period of the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' that's a respectable timetable. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:27, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == [[Dziipni]] == Hi Everyone, I apologize to those in the academe and others who are horrified with my latin but I'm working hard to improve and would like to enlist your aid. I'm working hard to read Cicero and other classics. Below is my attempt(please feel free to correct all or any) and request-Jondel; Salve omnes! Quaeso si ille vobis placet mihi adiuvare quam sum tironis latine et maxime studeo ne deleat res dziipni. Adeo rectificationem feci et prebeo sequens(quid putatis?? ): === 'Dziipni, est modus popularus conmunis vecturae Philippinis et passim videtur. === The jeepney is a popular means of transportation in the Philippines and is ubiquitous. How is this? 'Dziipni, est facultus popularus conmunis vecturarum Philippinis et passim videtur. ::Why the double ii? If long i just draw a line over it once to let people know how to pronounce it. ::Here is my version of how the article should start: ::Jeepey (in phillipino: Jeepey) is a kind of bus that is seen everywhere in the Phillipines. ::->Dzipi (Phillipine: Jeepey) est species [[laophorum|laophori]] quae in Phillipinis ubiquaque videtur.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:13, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) === In principio facturii exercitio Americanis militaribus relictus ex Bellico Mundo Secundo. === At first they were manufactured by the American forces that were left behind from world war 2. How is this? :changing to this=>ab exercitibus Americanis relictis(plural ablative) Thus: In principio sunt facturii "ab" exercitibus Americanis militaribus "quae" relictis ex [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum II|Bello Terraro Secundo]]. Is this better: '''Dziipni'', est modus popularus conmunis vecturae Philippinis et passim videntur. ::These buses at first where manufactured out of vehicles left by the American army after World War II. ::? Haec laophora primitus fabricantur e vehiculis a exercitu Americano post Bellum Orbis Terrarum II relictis.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:31, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) === Clarus est decoraminium gaudiorum et densitatis convectoris. === It is well known for its guady decorations and being crowded with passengers. Is this better?: Notus est proptere quod est decoravus gaudium et densitatis convectorum. Gratias ago--[[User:Jondel|Jondel]] 04:59, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Jeepy are well-known for gaudy decorations and for the crowdedness of its passengers. ::Dzipi noti sunt propter gloriosas decorationes et propter frequentiam suorum convectorum. --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:41, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Rafael, gratias ago. Thank you very much, I will be using all your corrections. However, its Jeepney not Jeepey. Also I would like to add the idea that it is a transportation that the common man (plebians) use . , So I will probably add 'est facultas frequens plebonorum et..." . Denueno , thanks again.--<s>[[Specialis:Contributions/124.83.58.69|124.83.58.69]] 13:10, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC)</s> --[[User:Jondel|Jondel]] 13:38, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Jondel, Are you using a dictionary? plebonorum? A crowded means of plebians? how exactly do you associate facultas with transportation?? or take plebs to be a second declension noun? But even if you mistook it for a 2nd declension it wouldn't be right--where did the -on- come from?.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:23, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::: Uh sorry, the online notre dame was offline a while ago. The idea I would to express is :J... is a popular means/way of commuting/traveling "of" the lower income bracket people(majority). The 'on' was supposed to be a plural genitive tack-on (to mean "of") . The online notre dame dictionary is on now.facultas was meant to be 'means of' or 'way of'. Maybe I should use plebis? How's this? <u>Dzipni est modus popularis convecturi(convecturae?) pro plebe</u>. Is 'plebe' derogative? Hmm--[[User:Jondel|Jondel]] 13:38, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::There is no such tack-on in latin. Where did you get that? If you can't avail yourself of that one dictionary, then you should try to use some other ones on the internet like [[Words]]. If you want help, then you should at least show that you're doing your part, right? I would write ''modus vectoralis apud plebes popularis'' and yes plebes is derogatory but only in the same limited sense as common is in english. Regardless, I think you are misguided in your facts, for based onthe english wiki the Jeepney's are more expensive to ride than a regular airconditioned bus.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:23, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::::For the record, I'm pretty sure [[Words]] '''''is''''' the "online Notre Dame" to which Jondel is referring. For the record, again, Jondel, this program is downloadable to your computer. I used it for years online, cursing it whenever it was down (which is all the freaking time, but it's still better than Perseus!!!). Then I downloaded it (it's a tiny little file) and it's been groovy since. I actually have to confess I downloaded it on all my friends' computers, too =] Wherever I go I can use Words!--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 21:08, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Rereading my comments I see myself coming off as haughty when I didn't mean to. We all make mistakes after all. Sometimes the simple things go right past me. I'm not trying to discourage anyone from pitching in to the best of their ability. We don't have enough editors as is. :) In fact, it is interesting reading about Jeepneys, although it would have been nicer and more fun learning about them in latin.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:41, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) Rafael, I highly appreciate your help which I'm sure will save article in essence. Please understand that I am doing my part to my best abilites. The online notre dame dictionary I was refering to is the WORDS dictionary. I normally directly type http://catholic.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/words.exe. It is now on http://www.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/words.exe. The double i in dziipni was because I wanted to spell Jeepney as Dyipni. The y being represented by i=> double i. But I think dzipni is just fine. I will move the whole page to dzipni. Jeeps by the way are cheaper than busses. I know because I live here now in Manila.Minimum jeep fare is now is 7.5 pesos. While buses are at 9 pesos. Again I am a beginner and I don't pretend to be an expert. The reason for this article correction request is to fulfill a requirement so that the article will not be deleted. Well, thats all. I'll be making a copy of this dicussion onto the discussion page of the dzipni page. Cheers, --[[User:Jondel|Jondel]] 13:37, 28 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Account deletion == How can I delete my account or my user page? :See [[w:en:user:Adam Bishop]] (and remember to mention that it is the latin wikipedia which your account is on). <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 14:00, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC). :Anyone can delete your userpage, but I don't think we can delete your account. I certainly can't, at least. Your name will still appear in article histories. [[User:Adam Episcopus|Adam Episcopus]] 15:14, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) Thanks very much, Harrissimo! ;) Now I've requested my discussion page deletion too. Thanks, Adam :) ::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Username_policy#Deleting_your_account Sorry!] I thought that bureaucrats could delete a user. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 15:28, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::: User accounts cannot be deleted, but [[Vicipaedia:Grapheocrates|bureaucrats]] can rename users (which will also affect the author which is given in page histories, but which will not affect the content of pages, e. g. past signatures on talk pages). --[[User:UV|UV]] 19:24, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Thank you. Do you know, BTW, why these external links keep making 3 or 4 spaces between them and the next piece of writing? Maybe it is just my browser. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:26, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::::It is. My computer isn't showing bullet points either at the moment. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 20:48, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::::: Your browser should show a small graphical arrow to the right of an external link, hence the spacing. Maybe you switched off the display of graphics in your browser? If this is not the cause, you might try to clear your browser's cache. --[[User:UV|UV]] 00:05, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Reditus Spiculorum == Two words in my ''Spiculorum ludus'' page are bothering me. Does anyone know how to say "clockwise" and "to score a point"? (as in 'the player scored 130 points'). <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 17:45, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC). :''Circum horologium'' would be my best guess for the former. Backpedaling from Italian we might go with ''sensu horario''. I know I've struggled with the second question before, but I can't for the life of me rememebr where or what my final verdict was . . . --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 20:36, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) quid de "puncta (re)ferre" verbis: "e.g. ille tria puncta retulit"? --[[User:Tharoth|Andreas]] 03:17, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == versiōnēs Anglicō-Latīnae == nescio num hanc rem tractare debeam Latine an Anglice. aliquot versiones vel potius sententias versas iam conscripsi in variis paginis Googlis sed plus quam aliquantulum displicet modus operandi ibi quod difficile est conferre mea verba cum versionibus iam confectis (et quod saepe non apparent versiones). quae est historia versionis Mediaviciae. quinam impetraverunt et quomodo. cur exempli gratia utimur hic verbo "convento" pro "login/account"? in eo est ut forsan versiones scribam pro programate "Moodle" sed hodie legebam sententias Anglicas et timeo ne horribiliter Latine vertam. estne umquam documentum de electionibus iam factis hic et cum disputationibus participum? --[[User:Tharoth|Andreas]] 03:49, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Andreae, nescio quapropter in Vicipaedia "login/account" dicitur "convento" nec ubi est pagina disputationis de hoc. Possumus mea sententia disputare hic. Mihi videtur nomen "sessio" melius fuisse.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:22, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :: A while ago, I started [[Usor:UV/MediaWiki l10n/Glossary]], mostly as a compilation of what was then the ''status quo''. Note the difference between account (ratio) and session (conventum). --[[User:UV|UV]] 00:09, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == corpus textuum Latīnōrum == estne umquam sub umbella "Vicimediae" locus idoneus quo ponamus textus ipsos Latinos sicut inventos sub [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com thelatinlibrary.com]? mihi videtur necesse nobis habere corpus quod recensere et polire possimus. --[[User:Tharoth|Andreas]] 03:56, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :sane in [[:s:|Vicifontes]] ponamus.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 04:36, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == formula vexillorum == Didn't we have recently already somewhere a formula for small flags/vexilla? --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 08:12, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Not sure what you mean, Alex?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 16:42, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::We have some of those formulas, you can find them in [[:Categoria:Formulae vexillorum]]. --[[User:Amphitrite|Amphitrite]] 17:08, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Gratias. That is what I meant. --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 19:04, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Saint Peter's Square == Which is the latin for ''Saint Peter's Square''?--[[User:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:23, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :My guess, possibly wrong, would be ''Forum Santi Petri'', but I'm sure that a more reliable source exists somewhere.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:22, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::It's called the ''Platea Sancti Petri'' according to the italian wiki page [[:it:Piazza San Pietro]]. Platea means wide street or avenue. I would have thought Forum was better. Our own latin page calls it ''Forum Sancto Petro'', but I think that must be wrong. --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:46, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Yes, we've had this problem before, I can't remember where. ''Sancto Petro'' is certainly incorrect.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:06, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Actually my goof. It actually says ''Forum Sancto Petro dicatum''->''Forum dedicated to St. Peter'' which is correct. In my eagerness to find a gloss of the name, I missed the dicatum!--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:52, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Present Progressive == Is there in Latin any tense similar to the English Present Progressive Tense? How/when can I use it?--[[User:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 21:29, 28 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :The Latin present tense covers English simple present "i blank" and present progressive "i am blanking".-_[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 07:04, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Vandalismus == Insidia a ip 65.25.105.176 --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:10, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Omisisti [[Mentula]]m. [[User:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 02:59, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Ita. Recte dixisti. Subsequenter iam paginam correxi... Num summus hic in Vicipaedia hodie ut Romani Saeculo XIII ?--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:14, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == 17,000 paginae == Habemus hodie 17,000 paginas! Numero 17,000 fuit, ut credo, pagina brevissima Massimi (hoc tempore anonymi) sub titulo [[Lacrimae]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:00, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == dignitates militum == One of us had a page of all military titles in Latin and other languages. But this page seems to have gone or is not any more accessible. I thought of [[optio]]. --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 19:08, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Do you mean [[usor:Thoma D./lexicum]]? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:21, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::Thank you, I did not find it. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 19:26, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Aftershock == What's tha Latin for ''[[:en:aftershock|aftershock]]''? Thx in advance!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 17:02, 30 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Shock = impulsus, vexatio; ergo aftershock = postimpulsus vel postvexatio.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:09, 30 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :While we're at it, I'm not so sure about the redirect [[Concussio]]...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:26, 30 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Really? If necessary, I agree about deleting it.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 23:16, 30 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::PS: Are you sure about ''postimpulsus vel postvexatio''? I mean, aftershock is how we call the earthquakes following a higher-inrensity earthquake, right? :::I just made a suggestion based on a direct translation. Even in english ''aftershock'' has many possible meanings not just an earthquake that follows a main earthquake. If you want a totally unambigous phrase then you can use something like: ''terrae motus parviores qui saepe terrae motum principalem sequuntur.'' --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:02, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::: I'd try ''motus recidivus'' or ''motus secundarius''. For example: In sismologia, '''motus recidivus''' est terrae motus qui post motum maiorem eodem loco minore vi accidit. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 00:25, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::Thx a lot!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 00:35, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Somehow motus secundarius sounds better to me than motus recidivus. Because recidivus does not imply that the motus are smaller.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:48, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::: Yes, I guess you're right. ''Morbus recidivus'' may be even worse than the original disease. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 03:44, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Director == Please see [[Disputatio_Formulae:Pellicula#%22Film%20Director%22%20Latine]]. What are your opinions? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 21:20, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Dates == Alright, I've been up and down the internet and can't find anything on this, so could any of you be of any help? How does one pronounce modern dates in latin? Here's an example and the specific problems. Marx Augustae Treverorum die 5 Maii 1818 natus est. Do I simply say day 5, i.e. die quinque, or do I say the fifth day and if so, which case? Is die masculine or feminine in this context? The same goes for the year. How does one pronounce 1818? What case is it? Any help would be greatly appreciated. :Good question. If we don't have a page explaining this (maybe we do somewhere ...) we need one. I think the answer is this. :The proper way for dates in the year is this. Die is ablative, meaning "on the ... day". The number should be read as an ordinal in the ablative to match, thus quinto (fifth) or vigesimo quinto (25th). The month is then in the genitive, meaning "... of May". :A year, immediately following such a date, would be "anni 1818" (but we usually don't bother to write the "anni") and that should all be read as an ordinal numeral in the genitive. As with any foreign language, this wants a lot of practice to get it fluent! :A year on its own (without day and month) will often be preceded by "anno" in the ablative, meaning "in the ... year", and, if you want to do it right, it should be read as an ordinal numeral in the ablative. Again, keep practising ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:04, 2 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Cur Vicipaedia computatione Julii non utitur? e.g. "die quinto Maii anno 1818" esse debet "a. d. III Non. Maii, MMDLXXII," (Roma condita anno DLIII ante Cristo) aut aliquid similis. Nollo offendere, tamen curiosus sum. Etiam, meam mediocrem Latinam ignoscatis, amabo te. Non optimus discipulus sum, et usum de Latina lingua requiro. -- Nemo Singularis :::Quod prima versio est moderna atque simplicius atque nobis magis intelligibilis. Hic in Vicipaedia utimur omnibus ingressis scientificis, numeris arabicis inclusis et [[Systema Internationale|systematis modernis]]. Non est nostrum propositum recreare hic mundum Caesaris historiam humanam ignorando.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 05:55, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Video. Illud rationum videtur. Tibi gratias ago. Atque deis immortalis gratias ago quod linguam Anglicam et non mathematicam (aut linguas antiquas) studeo. Cum aetatem Romae computabam, ducenta ommisi! --Nemo Occidaneus (Singularis) :::::Bene...Sed cave quod ''studeo'' non significat ''study'' sed ''I am eager''; ''study''~''disco'', ''discere''; vel etiam ''studeo''+''ablativo''->''I am eager with/for''~''I study''+''something''. Vale--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:31, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Viceregnum vel vicerregnum? == Hi! I've got a doubt. I found the article ''[[viceregnum Peruvianum]]'', but I think that the word ''viceregnum'' should be written with a double "r" - this way: ''vicerregnum'' -, because of the pronunciation. Unless the Latin "r" is always pronounced in the same way, I think that the pronunciation changes from a strong "r" (in regnum) to a softer "r" (in viceregnum).--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 02:22, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :viceregnum is correct from Latin "vice". --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 09:18, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::I agree with Alex. If there was any shift in pronunciation of intial ''r'' when such compounds were formed -- and no one can really know whether there was or not -- at any rate no change was reflected in the spelling. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:18, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::OK. Thx a lot!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 12:12, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Porta eruditionis == I know I'm a bit tiring on this... but nw it seems that we have more and more Latin students joining ([[Usor:Latinology]], [[usor:Kerrysheehy]], [[usor:Magistertatnall]]; cf [[Disputatio:Schola Tatnall]]) we should really start our porta eruditionis. What Iacobus has been doing today could be a way of dealing with this matter. And what about a template going beyond {{fn|tiro}}? We could ask these students to write their pages in the porta eruditionis and everybody could helo there, because if they create the pages, they might go unnoticed... Well, just a thought...--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 18:42, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :No, Xavi, you're absolutely right. I've been meaning to get off my ass and do something about this. December 19th is my last day, and I will have all of January for Vici. I promise to focus efforts on the Porta primarily.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:59, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::I think the idea of putting the beginners' pages within the Porta Eruditionis is a very good one. Can they be made sub-pages of the porta, e.g. [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Cinerella]]? Would that work? A template like {{fn|Tiro}}, with a date limit, meaning "Please let me work on this page until xxx date", might also be a good idea. Then, when the date is passed, we can upgrade and transfer the page if we want. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:45, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Or even [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Scriptorium/Cinerella]] so that we can have a list of subpages pages at the scriptorium? After the students' short reapperance today, I think for reason that the pages should be deleted due to our policies (poor latinity, not enough content, need vicification) I am going to move them to a scriptorium where they can be improved over time (these students only appear now and again). Any objections? To the word ''Scriptorium''? To the idea? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 17:44, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::Do it, I say. Scriptorium is a good word. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:36, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Not a big thing ... but the shorter [[Vicipaedia:Scriptorium/Cinerella]] might have advantages over [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Scriptorium/Cinerella]] ::::::# It is shorter ;-) ::::::# The link is easier to guess if someone refers to "Scriptorium". ::::::# The "Scriptorium" is not necessarily a part of the "Porta eruditionis" ::::::# We could have some introduction on page [[Vicipaedia:Scriptorium]] ::::::# The pages would be automatically linked up to this introduction on page [[Vicipaedia:Scriptorium]]. Now there is a link from [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Scriptorium/Cinerella]] directly to [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis]] and the Scriptorium-subpage will be skiped (it seems that pages shall not have more than one level of subpages). ::::::--[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 21:31, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Sorry for not seeing this sooner :S. The Idea of it being in the (longer to type) Porta Eruditionis is that it is for students to make rather than having an {{expungo|{{[[:Formula:In usu|In progressu]]}}|Nomen formulae mutavit --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} {{fn|In usu}} up for months (or as I mentioned above, poor latinity, not enough content, need vicification). I say that because somebody who is more adept at latin can have an {{expungo|''in progressu''|Nomen formulae mutavit --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} ''in usu'' on a normal page for a few weeks (as long as they keep going with it), but these students' sometimes un-vicipaedic work needs to stay somewhere. I could make a ''compendium'' ([[VP:PE/S]]) so it is easier to access or even make a [[Vicipaedia:Scriptorium]] as a redirect. I have completed an introduction and have put on links. What do you mean about the subpages being skipped? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 22:01, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::::::It seems that the existance of page [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Scriptorium]] makes it work. Now there are two links to parent pages provided in the top left corner of the page: "< Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis | Scriptorium". Before just this was provided: "< Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis". --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 21:00, 11 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I was just a little confused about this project...is this planned to be in vernacular languages, or completely in Latin? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 20:38, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Mea sententia scripturus erat Latine, sed etiam hic illic cum exemplis in aliis linguis, exempli gratia quomodo iam facimus in paginis [[Vicipaedia:Latinitas|de Latinitate]], fortasse cum ''dropdown menus'' in variis linguis. Quomodo dicitur ''dropdown menu'' Latine?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:47, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::delectus tabula replicabilis. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 23:07, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::Melius forsitan 'index replicabilis'?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:20, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Well, then it seems that the Porta Eruditionis should be in our new year resolutions. And when I finish the term, I will try to help more around here... I have been rather busy and left vici aside... sorry!--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 11:09, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Attestation City! == Today's ''New York Times'' has an article that publishes attestations of the following names: :''Alfredus Maximus'' 'Alfred the Great' :''Georgius Bushus Senior'' 'George Bush Senior' :''Hillaria Clintona'' 'Hillary Clinton' :''Williamus Clintonus'' 'Bill Clinton' :''Jacobus Garfieldus'' 'James Garfield' :''Rudius Giulianus'' 'Rudy Giulani' :''Alanus Hollinghurstus'' 'Alan Hollinghurst' :''Thomas Jeffersonus'' 'Thomas Jefferson' :''Nixonus'' 'Nixon' :''Barackus Obamus'' 'Barack Obama' :''Jacobus Polkus'' 'James Polk' :''Academia Philliporum'' 'Phillips Academy' :''Eduardus Rooseveltus'' 'Edward [''sic''] Roosevelt' :''Conlegium Williami Mariaeque'' 'The College of William and Mary' :''Episcopi Loughlin Memor Schola Alta'' [?] 'Bishop Loughlin Memorial High School' :''Fontium Caldorum Schola Aqua'' [''sic!''] 'Hot Springs High School' :''Hiram Conlegium'' 'Hiram College' :''Patres Fundantes'' 'The Founding Fathers' :''Virginiae Universitatis'' 'The University of Virginia' :''Wellesleia'' 'Wellesley [College]' :''Whittior'' 'Whittier [California]' :''Whittioris Schola'' 'Whittier School' :''Williamiburgus'' (oppidum in Virginia) Ecce fons: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/03/opinion/03mount-latin.html. Hmmmmm. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 23:12, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :It also provides an attestation for 'docere' = 'to learn' ("Jeffersonus, novem annos natus, linguas Latinam et Graecam ad scholam in Virginia pontifice Caledonio administratam docere coepit." = "Jefferson started learning Latin and Greek at age 9 at a school in Virginia run by a Scottish clergyman."). [[Usor:128.138.64.185|128.138.64.185]] 23:25, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :''Eduardus Rooseveltus'' is used for 'Teddy Roosevelt.' ("Teddy Roosevelt studied classics at Harvard." = "Eduardus Rooseveltus aeterna Harvardi didicit.") [[Usor:128.138.64.185|128.138.64.185]] 23:35, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Any credence for this attestions is in my opinion undermined by the fact that he uses 'studere' instead of 'discere' for 'to study,learn'. And 'docere' means 'to teach' not 'to learn'. His level of latinitas is dubium.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:32, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::And by what logic, Jeffersonus Clintonus but yet Hillaria Clintona, since when do surnames change with the gender of the person. Would Caesar's daughter have been Caesarea and not Caesar? Should my name be Garcius? And what's with the use of lengthy Roman numerals--shouldn't latins avail themselves of advances in science? Don't get me wrong, he makes a good point about studying latin and roman history. A point that needs to be made now more than ever. However, as a source he is untrustworthy.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:41, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::I know, I know, and the first sentence (''Primum, duces nostros linguam Latinam non iam studere triste non videtur'') even uses the rare (or "wrong"?) ''studeo'' + acc. instead of + gen. or dat. But the point is that the ''New York Times'' is a well-known & reputable publication, and those are therefore attestations, whether we like them or not (and for the most part, I don't). If we're going to remorphologize ''Obama,'' there's no reason why it can't be ''Obama, -ae, m.,'' and accordingly no need to make it ''Obamus, -i, m.'' And if we're going to treat the English suffix ''-ey'' as Latin ''-eia,'' then we might as well go with ''Sydneia'' instead of whatever we now use (and I seldom remember)&mdash;and likewise, ''Britneia'' (as in ''Spears''). Aiieee! O aqualem vermium! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 04:43, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::It's a publication, but it isn't known as a reliable source of Latin. In any case, many of our "reliable sources" differ among themselves. I think wise Vicipaediani will adopt the NYT's attestations when really convincing. When they are not convincing, the most we should do is to footnote them -- without adopting them. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:21, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Interesting question: Did Roman women have surnames? And if, which ones? --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 08:31, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::To answer Rafael above, in some languages that have both declension and gender, surnames do regularly change with the gender of the person. In modern Greek, for example. And modern Greek resembles Latin in this. Hence, in Latin, we get Iulius/Iulia, Clodius/Clodia (which are nomina); or Marcellus/Marcella (which is a cognomen). Curiously, if we rely on usual sources, Roman women did not have or use ''forenames''! Their names as known to us are nearly always based on nomina and/or cognomina, i.e. on ''surnames''. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:21, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Well I've learned something! Very interesting. How the world changes.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:26, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::I would think that in a modern context, the husbands name would be in the genitive Hillary Rodam of Clinton->Hillaria Rodama Clintoni (following the pattern of the NYT article of translating all the names, not the Vicpaedia standard).--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:30, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :This guy just wrote a book called ''Carpe Diem: Put a Little Latin in Your Life'' discussing the ways in which Latin has crept into normal parlance, with rudimentary grammar. He follows the same conventions, annoyingly, in his book. The final straw was ''Tomassus Crusius'', I almost threw up. I have some praise for the book, some of it is endearing, and the stories he tells about Latin in his own experience and in the experience of others is valuable. But I don't like his Latin.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 17:58, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == primus minister VS. minister primarius == Hi all. Sorry if this is an oldie, but there seems to be no consensus on "primus minister" vs. "minister primarius" as the translation of "prime minister." (I find primus minister [[Primi ministri Graeciae|here]], [[Antonius Blair|here]]; minister primarius [[Robertus Walpole|here]].) It seems to me it should be "minister primarius," as I understand "primus" to be principally (if not exclusively?) ordinal, i.e. denoting "first in a sequence," whereas primarius means "primary," i.e. "foremost," which I think best expresses the role of the PM in most parliamentary systems. What do you think? I'd like to do up stipulae for Canadian prime ministers and I'd like to start dextro pede. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 05:19, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I think it should be ''primarius minister''. It is so quoted in [[Morgan]]'s gloss.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:48, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Placet! [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 22:16, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Does Morgan give a source? For the United Kingdom, definitive attestations most likely appear in the Latin summaries of debates in Parliament. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:08, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == [[Glossae Aemilianenses]] == Could you please review and correct this article? Maximas gratias ago. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 19:28, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : Paginam inspexi, multa didici, parva correxi. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 22:12, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Gratias! ;) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 09:07, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Carat == Hi again!!! A new doubt: what's the Latin for carat (vel karat)?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 22:55, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I don't know the latin word for that exists. If necessary you may need to coin an equivalent, either from the original greek, e.g. ''keratio'' or from the romance languages. To me ''caratus'' seems the better choice. Regardless, you can avoid the whole issue and just state the weight in standard SI units: chiliogrammata, grammata, or milligrammata. A metric carat is 200 milligrammata.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:02, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :: The current word for carat is ''ceratium''; see [http://www.farlang.com/gemstones/catelle-precious-stones/page_069 W.R.Cattelle (1903) ''Precious Stones'', p.69]; cf. Isid.''Orig.'' 16.25.10 & 11; also ''Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch'' sub voce. Other variants are attested (''caratus'', ''caratta'', ''carrata'', etc.) but I believe ''ceratium'' is the standard. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 02:23, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Dominus Miraculorum == Could you please review and correct [[Dominus Miraculorum|this article]]? Thank you in advance.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 14:31, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : It looks like it might turn out into a really nice page. I feel bad not having helped improve it. Unfortunately, my specialty just isn't religion.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:04, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Set, Superset, Subset == Verba latina quaero pro "Menge, Obermenge, Untermenge" (in English: set, superset, subset) in contextu mathematicae. Num quis me adiuvare potest? -- [[Usor:Scriptor17|Scriptor17]] 17:42, 8 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Credo verbum pro ''set'' esse recte ''collectio''; ergo ''superset'' est ''supercollectio'' et ''subset'' est ''subcollectio''.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:57, 8 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :: Equidem puto a vocabulo ''copiae'' proficiscendum esse: ''copia'' 'Menge', ''subcopia'' 'Untermenge', ''supercopia'' 'Obermenge'. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 03:40, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Cave, quod in mathematica ''set'' potest significare et elementi multitudinem {A,B,C,...} et solum unum elementum {A} et nihil elementi {}. Copia non potest mea sententia significare {A} et {}. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:07, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::: Meum profecto non est tecum de mathematica altercari! Sed si 'empty set' Germanice ''leere Menge'' dici potest, non video, cur etiam de ''vacua copia'' loqui non possimus. Mea quidem sententia nihil obstat, quin ''copiam'' putemus tamquam involucrum quoddam abstractum membrorum quorum numerus a zero ad infinitum extenditur. Sed ut dixi, de hisce rebus tu me melius cognovisti. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 04:36, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::Post unos dies illum pensando, assentio cum Neandro quod ''copia'' sensum ''set'' aptior capit quam ''collectio''. Causa est quod copia (grammaticali in numero singulari) semper significat numerum rerum similarum quendam, aut abundantia quaedam. Collectio autem significat numerum qui colligitur quemquam etsi dissimilares sint. Ita ''collectio' est generalior quam ''copia'', sicut ''collectio'' est generalior quam ''set''.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:24, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Centuries == I think that centuries should be written using Roman numerals because I'm quite sure that that was the way they had been written. Nowadays, in all Romance languages they are written with Roman numerals. I'm not sure, but I think that English-speaking people are the only ones who use arabic numerals for writing centuries.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 02:29, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Don't our German comrades use Arabic numerals? [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 01:14, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Yes, English speakers are not quite unique after all. But, like Le K-li, when writing Latin I find it handy to write centuries with a Roman numeral. One can do this while still linking them to the century page, thus [[Saeculum 10|saeculo X]]. I don't think anyone objects! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:01, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::I'm with you . . . "saeculo 10" just looks wrong. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 19:23, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::It means that I'm not the only one who thinks so!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 14:36, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) PS: Does anybody know how to say ''conquest'' in Latin? -Le K-li :Can you provide a context? As in "He has achieved many conquests?" or "to conquer" or "the conquest of gaul"? --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:39, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Conquest, from conquer.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 05:05, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::If you don't say which sense of conquest you are looking for I have no idea how to answer the question except by trying to guess every conceivable possibility. It is customary to supply a context when asking for a meaning by supplying a phrase using the term. Conquest in the sense of conquered country? the idea of conquering? the action of conquering? etc... OK here is my attempt to guess what may have been in your head: conquer = vincere, conquered country = terra victa or natio victa; abstract idea of conquering/winning = victoria. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 07:38, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::What I want is to know how is it called the process of conquering a country, e. g. The Spanish Conquest, wich is referred to the process of conquering the Inca and Aztec (and other civilizations) empires.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:09, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::William the Conqueror was sometimes called in Latin texts "Gulielmus Conquestor". [[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 15:53, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::We have been using conquisitator fr the conquest (cf [[Conquisitatores Hispani|Conquisitatores Hispanos]] and its disputatio page), although for the Spaish ''Reconquista'' I think that ''Recuperatio'' has been used--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 16:36, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Again it depends precisely on what you want to say: in the sense of subjugating the people one could write: ''subiugatio Hispanica''; In the sense of invasion, e.g. ''invasio Hispanica''; in the sense of seizing and colonizing a country: ''occupatio Hispanica''. Conquisitor literally means "one who searches or inspects", i.e. an explorer and the conquistadors where so called because they explored the "unclaimed" lands in order to claim them for their home countries. Of course they did a little conquering/subjugating in addition to exploring.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:55, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Language articles == I'm adding some articles for language families and languages, and I've upgraded (I think!) the infobox (see {{fn|Capsa linguae}} and {{fn|Capsa familiae linguarum}}). (I see Harrissimo has just upgraded {{fn|Lingua artificiosa}} to match.) The colours in these boxes will match the cross-wiki colours for language families. I'm planning to check some details in the existing infoboxes, and one thing I am itching to do is to reduce the number of sub-families and sub-sub-families and sub-sub-sub-families listed in certain cases (see for example [[Lingua Aragonica]]). This sort of hair-splitting is popular in one or two traditions of linguistics, and the worthy [[:en:Summer Institute of Linguistics]] thinks it's fun, and from the SIL database it has passed into en:wiki. Other linguists think that you can never do it satisfactorily, and when you have done it as best you can it hasn't necessarily taught you very much; I'm one of those. I've nothing against discussing the sub-classifications in the text of language-family articles, all in favour in fact, best place for it, but I don't think these always-arguable details belong in infoboxes. If anyone disagrees, tell me now! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:22, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) I have added a variant infobox {{fn|Capsa linguae desuetae}} for languages that are extinct or are no longer anyone's mother tongue (because in these cases certain details will never be relevant, and there are others that need to be added in their place). It can be seen in use at [[Lingua Latina]] and various registers and periods of Latin for which we have articles (cf. next section!). If anyone thinks some detail should be added to it, better say so now. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:37, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Formula {{fn|Historia Linguae Latinae}} == I think some correction should be made to this template. I miss a very important thing in it: after ''sermo vulgaris'', Latin is called ''linguae Romanicae'', as these are the live continuation of Latin language, because the so called ''Latin'' ceased to be spoken. So what we call then Medieval Latin, New Latin, etc. is just an artificially re-created language, because live Latin now is called Spanish, Italian, etc. I just suggest indicating it some way in the template. Gratias. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 19:39, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Nunquam tamen desisterunt docti Latine loqui: sermo doctorum medii aevi non erat lingua quaedam Latina renata vel reconstituta sed lingua Latina vera per ecclesiam transmissa. Nec sunt linguae hodiernae quas commemoravisti (Hispanica, Italiana, Francogallica) minus "reconstitutae" quam lingua Latina medio aevo propria: erant olim mille sermones per orbem qui a lingua Latina originem tractabant, quos "dialecta" nominamus, priusquam docti linguas Romanicas aedificaverunt. Censeo linguam Latiniam aequam cum linguis Romanicis dignitatem merere (vel meruisse), etsi alius sermo alium propositum servat. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 00:36, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Jackmitchell recte dicit. Mea sententia est absurdum appellare linguas modernas Hispanicas, Francicas, Italicas linguam Latinam modernam. Sunt linguae assequelae, sed distinctae.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:21, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Memento quod dixit linguista Max Weinreich anno 1945: "אַ שפראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמײ און פֿלאָט" = "A shprakh iz a dialekt mit an armey un flot" = "Lingua est dialectos cui sunt exercitus et classis"! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 02:23, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::I never saw that in the original language before -- [cf. [[:en:A language is a dialect with an army and navy|en:]] -- thanks, Iacobe! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Inter Vicipaediam anglicam et Latinam, formulae de hoc differunt: :::::Anglica: vetus <75 acn; classica 75acn-200; medievalis 300-1300; renascentis 1300-1600; nova 1600-1900; recens >1900 :::::Latina: vetus <75 acn; classica 75acn-100; vulgaris 200-800; medievalis 800-1500; humanista scientificaque 1500-1700; neolatina >1700 ::::::Nescio satis de historia. Quid est correctum?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:41, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Formula nostra non admittit status semi-coaevales linguae; sed re vera habemus. "Sermo vulgaris" debemus distinguere a saec. 2 a.C.n.; lingua post-classica (Ammiani Marcellini, Sidonii, etc.) omissa est; lingua scientifica utuntur et hodie; lingua ecclesiastica omissa est; linguae Romanicae, ut recte dicit Mexicanus, omissae sunt. Sed quis potest formulam complicatiorem facere? Minime ego! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Sane dictum illud praeclarum Maximi Weinreich diligo, sed spectat ad linguas vivas. Utcumque si volumus dictum linguae nostrae adhibere, significari videtur dialectos Hispanicam, Francicam, Italicam, etc. linguas proprias esse et, mirabile dictu, Vicipaediis propriis et suis dignas. Di meliora! --[[Usor:Iustinus|Iustinus]] 07:08, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Hm, thank you for your answers, but may be you didn't catch my idea. What I say is, that up to the 6th century, approximately, Latin was the '''native''' language of many people; maybe there were already dialects, but they did not differ so much to not call them Latin. But after the 8th century, Latin in its relatively united form stopped to exist, it was no longer a native language of '''any''' people, because by then, they spoke any of the '''dialects''' we call now ''Romance languages.'' I hope you just don't want to say me that Latin is spoken natively by people now :))) (Well, maybe there are people who learnt it very well, but it is not native and first language of anyone.) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 07:24, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :You're quite right; in a proper lingua Latina timeline the Romance languages have to be there. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:31, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) My suggestion is to divide the timeline after ''Sermo Vulgaris'': the upper banner would be the same now it is, and create a lower banner saying ''Linguae Romanicae'', paralelly. Shall I do it? --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 18:16, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) === This is how I imagine it: === {| align="center" class="wikitable" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="6" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[75 a.C.n.]]'' || ''[[75 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 2 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 8]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 8]] usque ad [[saeculum 15]]'' || ''[[saeculum 15]] usque ad hodie'' || ''[[saeculum 17]] usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="2" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || rowspan="2" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Latina humanista]] et [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | colspan=3 align="center" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} I put a grey background for the last 3 simbolizing that they are not native languages. If you know a better or nicer solution, you can edit and try it here how it looks. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 18:46, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I would think that the following would be more accurate, historically, though I haven't tried fixing the formating. (the grey looks ugly and the last rows need to be centered. {| align="center" class="wikitable" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="6" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[75 a.C.n.]]'' || ''[[75 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 2 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 14]]'' || ''[[saeculum 14]] usque ad hodie'' || ''[[saeculum 17]] usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="2" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Latina humanista]] et [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || colspan="2" bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 19:28, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) I corrected the formatting, but the problem with your version is that Romance languages already existed in the 10th century. For example Spanish is not spoken just from the 15th century, the first poem is from the 12nd. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 19:50, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :thanks for the formatting assist But I think that spanish (castilian) did not exist as a formal distinct language with a dictionary and grammar until the 14th century. "The first steps toward standardization of written Castilian were taken in the thirteenth century by King Alfonso X of Castile, known as Alfonso el Sabio. He assembled scribes at his court and supervised their writing, in Castilian, of extensive works on history, astronomy, law, and other fields of knowledge." Before that I suppose it would be indistinguishable from ''sermo vulgaris tardis in hispania''. Anyway give or take a hundred years isn't a big deal in this I think. These evolutions were not overnight but gradual.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:00, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::One question is the standardization and another the fact of existence of a language. The first Castilian poem was writen in the 12th century ''(Cantar de Mio Çid)'' and it was a complete and mature language by then. You would understand it almost as well as today's Spanish. The age of a language is not the same as when it was first used in literature. :) Another suggestion to the timeline, we should also indicate with different colors that Romance languages are the live, or, more precisely, historical continuation of Latin. What do you think? --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:07, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::One solution is to split this column into two? Like this the romance languages can arise earlier than lingua humanista? Or we can just understand the century to be approximate plus or minus 200 years. I don't agree that medieval or even neolatina isn't a historical continuation of latin. It is in fact a continuation that is historical. THe fact that latin wasn't anyone's native tongue in the 17th century is important, but when the romance languages split off from latin, then they became separate languages, no longer latin. Latin is latin, french is french, spanish is spanish, all different.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:15, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::The problem is, what I try to explain, that Romance languages did not "split off" from Latin. They are THE Latin in its always live and evoluting form. Latin and Romance languages never existed paralelly as live languages. Once we are talking of Romance languages, there is no live but artificially maintained Latin. The error is as many people imagine, that there was a Latin language and once from the nothing appeared the Romance languages and the Latin continued to be spoken. But it was never this way :D --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:33, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::My point is do you define a language by who speaks it or by its grammar, rules, and vocabulary? I'm sorry but those colors below are hideous...--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:24, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Sorry to just be butting in now, but perhaps on the left we might have links to oscan or umbrian or the like?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 19:48, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) But Oscan and Umbrian are separate languages, while the romance languages are the live continuation of Latin. Oscan and Umbrian are not dialects or mother languages of Latin. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 19:52, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) What about this? {| align="center" class="wikitable" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="6" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[75 a.C.n.]]'' || ''[[75 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 2 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 14]]'' || ''[[saeculum 14]] usque ad hodie'' || ''[[saeculum 17]] usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || bgcolor="#ffcccc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#ffcccc" | [[Lingua Latina humanista]] et [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] || bgcolor="#ffcccc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || colspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:20, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) THe following is the truth as I see it, although the colors are hideous.[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:26, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) {| align="center" class="wikitable" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="6" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[75 a.C.n.]]'' || ''[[75 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 2 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 14]]'' || ''[[saeculum 14]] usque ad hodie'' || ''[[saeculum 17]] usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina humanista]] et [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} No, because the living continuation are the Romance languages, not the Medieval or Scientific Latin. This is what the green color was supposed to mean. :) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:36, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I really don't have a clue about this new concept you are pushing. If I go to school to learn spanish I expect spanish to be taught, if latin, latin. This "living continuation" is nonsense; living continuation of latin is Newton and Gauss, not Les Miserables and el Cid. Castilian did not continue latin it REPLACED it. They're called linguae Romanicae not linguae latinae.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:57, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::I explained it in Spanish in your discussion page. I think you forgot one thing: a living language is in constant evolution. It is not the same during 2000 years. So, Latin was a living language like any other, but its form we call '''now''' Latin, was just some (let's say 300 years) of its history, then step by step it converted to the Romance languages. I never said they were not different languages, of course they are, but the concept would be the correct representation in the history timeline. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 21:16, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :This is nearer the truth, I think. Vulgar Latin (our Sermo vulgaris") is contemporary with Classical and post-Classical Latin. The Romance languages are undoubtedly a continuation of spoken Latin; the problem may be with fitting too many different views of language into a timeline! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:06, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :One more edit. The colours, to me, mean: written/classical standard (green); spoken language (red). Of course, the Romance languages developed their own written and classical standards, but that's too far beyond a Latin timeline I think. :We should remember that the only purpose of this should be to guide readers to articles in which the issues are discussed. Truth does not reside in timelines. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:12, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) {| align="center" id="toc" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="7" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[saeculum 2 a.C.n.|saec. 2]]/1 a.C.n.'' || ''saec. 2/1 a.C.n. usque ad [[saeculum 1|1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 1]] usque ad [[saeculum 8|8]] || [[saeculum 9]] usque ad [[saeculum 14|14]]'' || ''[[saeculum 14]] usque ad [[saeculum 19|19]]'' || ''saeculum 19 usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="3" bgcolor="cccccc" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina post-classica|Lingua Latina argentea et post-classica]] || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina humanistica]] || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | colspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] |- align="center" | colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} What about this one? I like it :) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 21:22, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :It seems like a nice compromise and much more accurate to the truth than any of the previous versions.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:32, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) I'm glad that we could agree about it. So, lets execute the changes. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 21:47, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : The table looks real fine but it appears to suggest that the "Sermo vulgaris" didn't begin until saec.2/1 BC. But of course it run as an undercurrent even in the archaic period. Plautine Latin (and the kind) represents the written form of this sort of sermo. This is clearer in the timeline given in the article on the "Lingua Latina archaica". --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 00:00, 12 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::My intention was to cover the vulgaris aspect of Plautus by ''saec. 2 BC'' and the beginning of classical Latin by ''saec. 1 BC''. ::To make finer distinctions, and e.g. distinguish the beginning of scientific Latin from the beginning of Humanist Latin, we might need a different design. But, I say again, truth doesn't reside in timelines. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:57, 12 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Ummmm, I know this is out of order, but I lost the thread. Mexicane, I quote from Palmer: :::::::"These so called 'Italic dialects' (Volscian, Velitrian, Oscan, Umbrian, Paelignian, Marrucinian, Vestinian, etc)indubitably show many resemblances to Latin, but the precise degree of relationship is difficult to determine. Scholars are undecided whether they are to be regarded as different dialects of one and the same language, 'Italic', or as separate languages." ::::::Deserves mention in the history of lingua latina, as I reckon.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 01:58, 12 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Not to complicate an already complicated discussion which has been ably de-complicated already, but isn't there a strong socio-linguistic aspect to all this? I mean, I think we can say that if Cicero wasn't speaking Latin, nobody was; but Cicero and his cook might be speaking quite different idioms ("sermo classicus" vs. "vulgaris," I guess). Likewise, I presume that your average Gaul in Lyon might speak, from the very get-go, quite a "dialectical" form of Latin. So by the time we get to Ausonius writing beautiful classical Latin (and perhaps speaking it - who knows?) while the rest of the world apart from his class is well on the way to speaking Romance languages, we've got the coexistence of two languages; and who's to say people don't grow up speaking more than one language, one "classical" and the other everyday? We've practically reached this stage in English now, I'd say, in that there's a fairly noticeable difference between literary and scientific English and ordinary speech: we just rarely see the latter in written form, so we call the former "correct." For all I know (which isn't much) the educated classes of, say, the 10th century might still have felt that popular speech and Church Latin were in some sense the same language, even if we don't now regard them as such. Anyway, none of this affects the latest timeline which strikes me as excellent, but just to say we should beware of essentialising language. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 04:34, 12 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Betawiki: better support for your language in MediaWiki == Dear community. I am writing to you to promote a special wiki called [[betawiki:|Betawiki]]. This wiki facilitates the localisation (l10n) of the MediaWiki interface. You may have changed many messages here to use your language in the interface, but if you would log in to for example the Japanese language Wiktionary, you would not be able to use the interface as well translated as here. In fact, of over 1,700 messages in the core of MediaWiki, 1030 messages have been translated. Betawiki also supports the translation of messages for well over 100 extensions, with over 1,550 messages. Translators for over 70 languages contribute their work to MediaWiki this way every month. If you wish to contribute to better support of your language in MediaWiki, as well as for many MediaWiki extensions, please visit [[betawiki:Translating:Intro|Betawiki]], [http://translatewiki.net/w/?title=Special:Userlogin&type=signup&uselang=en create an account] and [[betawiki:Betawiki:Rights|request translator privileges]]. You can see the current status of localisation of your language on [[mw:Localisation_statistics|MediaWiki.org]] and do not forget to get in touch with others that may already be [[betawiki:Translating:Languages|working on your language on Betawiki]]. If you have any further questions, [[betawiki:User_talk:Siebrand|please let me know on my talk page on Betawiki]]. We will try and assist you as much as possible, for example by [[betawiki:Import requests|importing]] all messages from a local wiki for you to start with, if you so desire. You can also find us on the Freenode [[w:en:Internet Relay Chat|IRC]] network in the channel #mediawiki-i18n where we would be happy to help you get started. Thank you very much for your attention and I do hope to see some of you on [[betawiki:|Betawiki]] soon! Cheers! [[betawiki:User:Siebrand|Siebrand@Betawiki]] 16:44, 13 Decembris 2007 (UTC) * Currently 58.68% of the MediaWiki messages and 19.67% of the messages used in extensions used by the WMF have been localised. Please help us help your language by localising at [http://translatewiki.net Betawiki]. Thanks, [[Usor:GerardM|GerardM]] 13:06, 26 Martii 2008 (UTC) * Currently 59.60% of the MediaWiki messages and 18.30% of the messages of the extensions used by the Wikimedia Foundation projects have been localised. Please help us help your language by localising at [http://translatewiki.net Betawiki]. This is the [http://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&namespace=8&trailer=%2Fla recent localisation activity] for your language. Thanks, [[Specialis:Conlationes/80.56.11.13|80.56.11.13]] 10:10, 26 Aprilis 2008 (UTC) == Sermo vulgaris et biblia vulgata == THe recent discusison of sermo vulgaris as distinct from classical latin, got me to wondering if vulgar latin circa 400 AD corresponds to the latin in the biblia sacrata as translated by Jerome? The point is that at 400AD , the vulgar latin in the bible seems hardly different from Ciceronian latin except for, I would say, style and some seemingly minor vocabulary choices. Or did I miss something.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:49, 13 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :A big issue, maybe one for an article rather than a Taberna item! First, the differences betweeen the Vulgate and Cicero are greater than you suggest (look again at the word order, the structure and linking of sentences, the Vulgate's use of the present participle and of relative clauses). Second, Ciceronian Latin is not a monolith: Cicero's letters are closer to the sermo vulgaris than his orations. Third, although Plautus, Cicero, Apuleius and Jerome all give us evidence of the sermo vulgaris, it is indirect. The texts that give more ''direct'' evidence of Vulgar Latin are inscriptions (notably graffiti) and totally unliterary documents (''[[Apicius]]'' is an example). [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:48, 13 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :A point I should have mentioned is that (as with all languages) pronunciation changes continuously, and may not be reflected in spelling. That's the case with Latin, and it's why graffiti, written by people who can't spell, are so useful. That's also why the emergence of Romance languages appears sudden. It wasn't: rather, they become suddenly visible to us at the point when (in the 9th/10th century) they were recognized as so distinct from Latin that in order to write them effectively a new orthography was adopted. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:13, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::The main difference between spanish and latin, it seems to me, is not so much in the vocabulary and pronunciation as in the loss of case structure and connecting words.And apparently both case structure and connecting words are in full evidence in Jerome's bible.By 400 the pronunciation may have evolved, the grammar seems to have evolved only slightly. :::I repeat: the evidence that Jerome gives of the sermo vulgaris is indirect. Vulgate is not identical with Vulgar. But there's quite a bit in the Vulgate that would have horrified Cicero's grammar teacher. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:24, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Indeed good points.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:23, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::You're saying that at some point Latin was like english, where we don't pronounce things the way they are spelt, and spelling is a difficult skill to master in itself. I think there is plenty to suggest that that is what was happening. Nevertheless, it is surprising to me that the difference between Vulgate and Ciceronian latin is no larger than the difference between english 300 years ago and english of today, because 400 years later the language had become so different. It suggests to me that something significant happened after 400. And indeed something did. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:32, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Until 400 the Army, administration, Empire-wide trade, transport and culture, all strongly discouraged the break-up of spoken Latin into dialects; and, in addition, encouraged the maintenance of a single written standard. The collapse of the Empire was crucial linguistically. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:24, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Yes indeed, as you say, that event seems to be pivotal. Judging from how modern english came into being, wars, invasions, etc., more generally, seem to be the main causes of large language shifts. These in addition to illiteracy and what one may call "bulkanization" of a culture. All of these causes seem plentiful after the fall of the empire.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:23, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::There's a parallel, if I recall correctly, in the seemingly quick change from Old English to Middle English: the Norman conquest didn't just suddenly discourage people from inflecting their nouns, but by making Norman French the language of administration it lifted the veil, as it were, on centuries of linguistic change which had not been reflected in the written language. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 02:20, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Graffiti == Eh, I'm trying to write an article ''[[Custodes (comicus)]]'', and I cannot seem to find the word for graffiti, aside from ''figura graphio exarata'' from [[Lexicon Vaticanum Rerum Novarum]], which is awkward and doesn't really fit in this situation...got any better words? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 06:38, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Potest oportere neologismo uti, sicut graphitus -i, quod secundum [http://detotunpocmao.blogspot.com/2007/09/graffiti-maones.html fontem dubiosam iterretialem], "Es un término tomado del latín graphiti: en italiano, "graffiti" es el plural de graffito, que significa "marca o inscripción hecha rascando o rayando un muro" y así se llaman las inscripciones que han quedado en las paredes desde tiempos del Imperio Romano. Raffaele Garrucci divulgó el término en medios académicos internacionales a mediados del siglo XIX." Si hoc neologismo uteris, oportet te scribere exempli gratia graphiti, id est figura graphio exarata in muris vel locis publicis...aut similes. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:52, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Priusquam verbum finxeritis, date tempus quo petam. Credo me aliquid sequi...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 01:50, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Civitas antiqua == ¿Podría alguien traducir [[:es:Plantilla:Estado desaparecido|esta plantilla]]? Me parece mejor que la que [[Formula:antiqua civitas|actualmente tenemos]].--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:49, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :No se de esto mucho, pero seria bueno si dijeras las razones por que sientes que es mejor.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:26, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Es que incluye más información, aparte de la que ya trae la [[Formula:antiqua civitas|plantilla actual]]. También podría traducirse la [[:en:template:infobox Former Country|versión inglesa]].--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 17:51, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == [[Sermo vulgaris]] == I added an example text in Hispanian Vulgar Latin (or proto-Spanish), which is much closer yet to Latin than the Old-French text you put. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:46, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Translation == Could any one help me to finish translating [[Usor:Le K-li/Formula:Antiqua civitas II|this]]? Thx in advance!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 05:26, 17 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I'd like to help, but it's so complicated! It's difficult to know where to plunge in. But for "sine definiundo" you might want "sine definitione". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:05, 17 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::OK--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 21:14, 17 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == 10% == I am unsure of how to write percents in Latin..."''Decem partes humani ADN per centem est fragmenta endogenuorum retroviorum''" would this work for something like "''Ten percent of human DNA is fragments of endogenous retroviruses''"? Tibi gratias ago! -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 06:45, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Centum for one. For two, I'm not entirely sure, but I bet Rafael knows.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 12:54, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Berard uses ordinal +pars ex centum, thus 10% -> decima pars ex centum. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:37, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Nonne "''e'' centum" esse debet? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 20:17, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Berard's book, it turns out, has two instances where he quotes a percent: :: "... Experimentum, qualiacumque sint eius singula, ita constitutum est ut quinquagesimis partibus ex centum (50%) probabile sit fore ut gasum liberetur eademque portione sit probabile non fore. ..." :which I translate-->"THe experiment,..., is so constituted so that with the 50th part out of a hundred it be probable so that the gas be liberated..." :: "...Alterna condicione, quod ad unicam particulam quampiam attinet, tolli possint ad amussim quinquaginta partes ex centum (“50%”) et (I) omnium momenti impetus numerorum qui particulæ tribui possint et simul (II) omnium locorum quos eadem particula occupare possit." :which I translate--> "With the other condition, ...,they (the probabilities) can be raised to almost 50 parts out of 100.... both (I) of ...and at the same time (II) of...." :Note that in the second case he does not use the ordinal but in both cases he prefers ex to e in front of a number, despite the fact that the number begins with a consonant. So that the formula he uses is: number + pars ex centum. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:20, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::In your case "Decem partes Humani ADN e centum" -> ten parts of human DNA out of 100, may or may not quite mean what you intend. But "Decima pars Humani ADN e centum"-> A tenth part of Human DNA out of 100, which catches your meaning of 10% more closely. Or even more simply "Decima pars Humani ADN" already says 10% of human DNA, right?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:30, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::It would seem to me that "decima pars ex centum" is a conflation of "decima pars" and "decem partes e(x) centum". "Quinquagesima pars ex centum" is of course nonsens, "a 50th part out of a hundred" being more likely 2% than 50%. "Quinquaginta partes ex centum" on the other hand would make perfect sense. In normal Latin idiom X partes (X being a cardinal number) means X parts out of (X+1), but by adding the "ex centum" the default denominator of X+1 is effectively cancelled. --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 21:57, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Yeah. You make a good point. It sounds like Berard made a goof. It should be a cardinal rather than ordinal.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:27, 19 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Please, don't forget that Latin has a noun for 'percent', viz. '''centesima'''. So, I'd translate "Ten percent of human DNA is fragments of endogenous retroviruses" as ''Denae centesimae humani ADN e fragmentis retrovirorum endogenorum constant''. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 03:21, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Portae == I would like to create some portals like [[Porta:Finnia]]. I would prefer [[Porta:Berolina]], [[Porta:Germania]] and [[Porta:Francia]]. I could collect the articles of these regions but I need the graphic/basic for it. Thanks a lot[[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 15:16, 19 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :As you can probably see, I used a messy formula which was made straight from the wiki programming. I would advise that you do [http://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pagina_prima&action=edit what the Pagina Prima does] and create various templates with your own colours, text etc. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 15:36, 22 Decembris 2007 (UTC). :I've [http://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Porta:Finnia&diff=408574&oldid=408543 changed it] now, so you might want to copy. What do others think about Portae? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 18:31, 22 Decembris 2007 (UTC). ::I think they are fine so long as there are people to keep them active and updated. It's something that Vicipaedia has to consider seriously because, compared with major-language Wikipedias, we editors are thin on the ground. I guess the main thing is to plan low-maintenance portae etc. I agree, too, that following to some extent the pattern of the Pagina prima has a couple of advantages: some of the layout work is done for you, and the design looks better because it matches what we have already. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:01, 23 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::: I put together a template that should make the creation of a portal fairly easy: {{fn|Porta}}. It is not too flexible, but it should allow for a good start. When you create a portal (see [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 1]]), you just have to specify a page title ("titulus") and create the introduction text (which is mandatory, that's the "caput" redlink). ::: You will automatically be provided with suggestions for further items to add to your portal (that's the "Tu quoque adiuvare potes" box). If you decide to do all this, your portal will look similar to [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2]]. Hope it's useful, and merry Christmas! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 01:25, 25 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Thanks for the information. It still seems better to me if someone of you create the formula of a portal like [[Porta:Berolina]] or [[Porta:Germania]], then i fill it in the next days. I am not sure with the formulae. Merry Christmas![[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 10:01, 25 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::To UV: Thank you for the work! Is there any way you could have the font colour and formatting as an option (like with the white and caps in the dark blue the present [[Porta:Finnia]]?). :::::: Sure, see [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2]]. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 02:33, 27 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::To Vulpinus: UV has set it out quite clearly. Maybe you should start the [[Porta:Germania]] and, when (or if) you go wrong, you can be corrected. It doesn't look hard to use and I'll undoubtedly be converting the Porta:Finnia to it soon. You could even make [[usor:Vulpinus/Porta:Germania]] so that you don't need to worry about slipping up? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 01:32, 27 Decembris 2007 (UTC). ::::::I tried it analoge to [[Porta:Finnia]] but failed. Could oyu please help me? Thank you. http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania:Prt-finnia-intro, http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Vulpinus/Porta:Germania [[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 10:14, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Correct format for adding grammatical information == What would be the correct/preferred format for adding grammatical information, like the genetive-ending and the gender, to a word? Do we have a standard? --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 08:40, 20 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :see the page [[Physica]] for an example. You'll notice the link to the latin wiki dictionary entry for the word (In this case the link takes you to the entry for chemia which has the same declension pattern.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:16, 20 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == De verbis non iuxta sed infra imaginem ponendis == Quomodo faciam ut verba mea non ''iuxta'' sed ''infra'' imaginem ponantur? Vide, exempli gratia, [[Vacalus#Notae|hic]] et [[Disputatio:Diminutivum (Latinum)#Nova tabula|hic]]. Magnas gratias ago adiuturo.--[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 11:04, 20 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Vide fontem huius paginae: [[Parallelogramma]]. Ibi in gubernando paginae compositionem peraccessi utendo formulis tabularibus.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:57, 20 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Genus [[hormon]]- is, testoteron, - is etc == Could you please help me all these words of greek origin are masculins or neutrum? Thank you--[[Usor:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 16:24, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC)--[[Specialis:Conlationes/85.2.146.70|85.2.146.70]] 16:21, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Secundum dictionaria varia quae possideo nomen ''hormon'' derivatum est a participio Graeco ὁρμῶν, ~ντος. Latine ergo appellandum videtur ''hormon, ~n'''t'''is'', et id ipsum est forma quam invenimus in paginis peridodici Latini ''[[Ephemeris|Ephemeridis]]'', e.g. [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2006/nuntius1.php?id=75 hic]. [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2006/nuntius.php?id=206 Aliubi] in hoc eodem periodico genus quoque huius nominis cognoscimus, legentes: "... '''hormon''' anno 1999 demum inventum, '''quod''' inter alia officia etiam hoc nobis affert, ... " Summatim: nomen ''hormon'' cui genetivus est ''hormontis'' genere est neutro. Nomina variorum ''hormontum'' (vel ''hormontium''?) - ut etiam ''testosteron'' - exemplum sequi videntur ipsius nominis ''hormontis''. --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 17:30, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Gratia tibi ago, nunc multae emendationes facere debeo, ciao e Buona Nale e un felice 2008--[[Usor:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 22:00, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Noli festinare. Scire velim quid alii sentiant. Sunt quidem auctores quoque apud ''Ephemeridem'' qui genetivum faciunt ''hormonis'' (sine T): vide [http://www.google.nl/search?hl=nl&as_qdr=all&q=hormonis+site%3Aephemeris.alcuinus.net&btnG=Zoeken&meta= hic]. Eligendum est nobis inter etymologiam (quae genetivum ''hormontis'' suggerit ) et usum actualem in linguis huius temporis ubi formas semper sine T invenimus. Quidquid tamen de hac re constituemus, id quoque spectabit ad nomen ''[[ion]]''. --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 10:08, 22 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::: In [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2007/nuntius1.php?id=213 hac] quidem symbola forma ablativi pluralis "hormonis" ter legitur et gen.pl. "hormonorum" semel, quod nominativum singularem "hormonum" indicare videtur, cum praeter exspectationem abl.sg. "hormone" legatur. Ergo varietas viget, et per me vigeat. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 17:49, 22 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Felicem diem natalem == Ego vobis exopto felicem diem natalem et prosperum annum novum, etiam gratias vobis ago ob vestros adiutos mihi factos. And sorry for my bad Latin. :) Valete! --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:56, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Et gratias tibi ago et omnibus ob vestras labores et amicitias. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:50, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Et quoque sint vobis omnibus Saturnalia optima!--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 21:54, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ==Nomen ''Jan'' = ''Ianus''?== Hic, fortasse auctoritate professoris Stroh, Jan Novák = Ianus Novák: ''cum Iano Novák musico Moravo'' 'with the Czech musician Jan Novák' (http://wiredforbooks.org/aeneid/). Etiam forsitan ''Ian,'' nomen Anglicum? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:23, 23 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Nonne Ioannes?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:56, 23 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::vel "Ian, -is" --Usor ignotus. :::Vel Ianis, -idis, e.g. Ianis Joplin? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 20:08, 23 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Christi Natalis == Ego quoque volo vobis desidere felicem diem Christi Natalis!!! Ut Puer Iesus omnibus cordibus vestris nascatur!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 01:14, 24 Decembris 2007 (UTC) [[Fasciculus:Luces de Navidad.gif|center|Luces Nativitatis]] [[Fasciculus:Navidad.jpg|center|250px|Nativitas]] :Multas gratias ago ^^ --[[Usor:Daniel bg|Daniel bg]] 08:58, 24 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :''Parvulus enim natus est nobis,'' : ''filius datus est nobis''; :gaudete--[[Usor:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 00:38, 25 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == christmas greetings == I like to wish all of you a merry christmas, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 17:19, 24 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Felicem natalem! --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 19:44, 26 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Pronuntiatio scholatica aut restituta? == Cum in Vicipaedia scribeo, mihi adhibendum est pronuntiationem scholasticam aut restitutam? In primis, cum litteram "'''V, v'''" adhibeo: debeo scribere <<'''v'''i'''v'''ere; '''v'''aleo; ca'''v'''eo>> aut <<'''u'''i'''u'''ere: '''u'''aleo; ca'''u'''eo>>? -- [Anon.] :Scribe, s.v.p., v consonans, u vocale: igitur valeo, vivere, caveo. Sed scribe i consonans et i vocale; igitur iam, iudex. De hac re vide [[Vicipaedia:Auxilium pro editione (latine)]]. Salve! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:07, 26 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Possumus scribere v et u ubi restitutus modus classicus eundem consonantem /w/ sonat: ''s'''u'''a'''v'''is''. Sequens modum tralaticium (sive Italicum, sive ecclesiasticum), scribe ''v'' ubi consonantem /v/ sonat, et ''u'' ubi vocalem /u/ vel consonantem /w/ sonat. —[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 23:33, 26 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Praemium == Peto vos Marcum Terentium Bilbiophilum eligere [[Disputatio_Vicipaediae:Praemia_Vicipaedianis#Marcus_Terentius_Bibliophilus|Praemio Vicipaediano]]. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 21:57, 26 Decembris 2007 (UTC). == new == Hi, i am new to vicipaedia, and i'd like to contribute to the common latin knowledge ;) since i am a philosopher, i thought i could write something dealing with the subject, so i've started to write something about Leibniz; basically, i'd like to traslate from the english version into latin. Is this ok? :) <small>scripsit [[Usor:Spiritus Eversor]]</small> : Of course you are most welcome to add encyclopedic content to the page [[Godefridus Guilielmus Leibnitius]]. When adding content, please specify your source in the summary box (e. g. "from [[:en:Gottfried Leibniz]]") and be sure not to copy copyrighted content without permission. If you need help or if you are unsure about something, please ask (the Taberna here is a good place for this). Welcome! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:12, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : And, by the way: Please "sign" your contributions on talk pages and in the Taberna with four tildes (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>). This makes it easier to see who said what. Thanks! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:12, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : Ok, thanks ! [[Usor:Spiritus Eversor|Spiritus Eversor]] 12:55, 29 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Transliteration of Cyrillic to Latin via Greek/Hebrew == (Sorry for using English, I can't speak Latin actively enough yet.) As I have read at [[Vicipaedia:Translatio_nominum_propriorum#Translitteratio_seu_Romanizatio]], proper names not originally written in the Latin alphabet are transliterated via ISO transliteration and then rid of diacritics. Greek and Hebrew names are exceptions because they already have a classical transliteration scheme for Latin ([[Translitteratio Linguae Graecae]], [[Translitteratio linguae Hebraicae]]). Well ... do you know that nearly all letters of the Cyrillic alphabet are direct descendants of either Greek or Hebrew ones? Therefore we could invent a "classical" transliteration scheme for Cyrillic too, just replacing the Cyrillic letter with its Greek/Hebrew equivalent and transliterating this equivalent into Latin in the classical way. I tried to make a table of how such scheme would look like: [[Usor:Gabriel_Svoboda/Transliteration_of_Cyrillic_to_Latin]] I don't know if this system is better than the current one; for example, the Ukrainian president Ющенко becomes ''Oistenco'' in it - instead of current ''Iuscenco''. But I feel this possibility should also be considered. --[[Usor:Gabriel Svoboda|Gabriel Svoboda]] 14:36, 30 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Hi, do you have a source for the use of this system, or are you proposing we incorporate [[:en:WP:NOR|original research]]? —[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 02:58, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::: Yes, it is an original research. But is there any system (including the [[Vicipaedia:Translatio_nominum_propriorum#Translitteratio_seu_Romanizatio|currently used one]]) that is not? If so, let's use it and excuse my ignorance. --[[Usor:Gabriel Svoboda|Gabriel Svoboda]] 07:34, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I think that [[usor:Alexander Gerashchenko|Alexander]] has already been discussing on this matter. What does he think of this?--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 15:46, 30 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Non stipulae == I have been adding {{fn|Non stipula}} to some of the articles on Swedish "comitia" which only tell you the name and that it is a comitia of Sweden. This much can easily, I'm sure, be found on the page [[Suecia]] under the Comiatia section. I know some other vicipaedians do not like these, frankly pathetic, articles - created by early users probably just trying to boost page numbers. Do they class as ''non stipula''? Do some object to me labelling them who think maybe that this gives the pages a chance to grow? Please say if you do and I'll remove them or we can discuss. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 16:03, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC). :You are technically right. The example I saw also had a location map and a formula (list of counties) on it, but, yes, the text is minute. It's a very borderline case. These are slightly better than the kind of Non stipula that has no links to it and not much reason ever to grow. I think I would be sorry to see the entries deleted when, with little extra effort, a couple of useful details could be added (e.g. capital city? population?) and the border would be crossed. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:53, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :: In my view, these articles are valid stubs: They give an acceptable explanation of the lemma, and they serve to "unify" titles: If, e. g., the page [[Dalia]] were deleted, chances would be much higher that some pages that have to do with Sweden link to [[Dalia]] and others link to *[[Dalslandia]] and we would not notice, because both would be redlinks. As long as the page [[Dalia]] exists, people will correct redlinks to point to the existing page (or people will discuss moving the page). Furthermore, aside from the definition of the lemma, the pages contain relevant content (a locator map, categories, interwiki links). The only thing I wish these articles would additionally have is a reference to a source where the title is attested, but in my view these are nevertheless valid stubs and should stay. --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 21:49, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::I agree with Andrew and UV. Yes, from the content it is poor because there is just one short sentence, the definition. However, this is what a beginner (in Latin) can manage. It is the frame for the content. See what someone had to create when he wanted to add a short information (= the "second sentence") about such a Swedish comitia: :::# He has to know how to create a page. :::# He has to know how to make the lemma bold. :::# He has to know how to make links. :::# He has to know how to make headlines. :::# He has to know how to make interwiki links. :::# He has to find the interwiki links. :::# He has to know how to add categories. :::# He should have an idea about our categories. :::# He might even have to create the category, if there is no other page in this category. :::# He has to know how to include a template. :::# He has to know about our special templates. :::# He has to know how to include an image. :::# He has to loook for an image. :::# He has to know about adding a description to an image. :::# He has to add this description. :::# He has to add the definition. :::# He has to add the "second" sentence. So he has to do 16 steps before he can add his piece of information. We should be aware that there are people who could do this step #17 but do not know how to manage the 16 steps before and we should appreciate if someone prepares an article for this 17th step, which could be the first step of a Latinist, but Wiki beginner. We should have tasks for the different levels of competency and we should have a concept how they can work together and how everybody can contribute what he can contribute. Who can make the framework should make the framework, who can make the content shall make the content. Users who can do both are especially welcome, of course. ;-) I think each page which defines a lemma and provides the technical frame for adding more content is useful. What I am sometimes/often missing, are the sources, like UV says. A valid definition with sources has a special value in this Wikipedia: Sometimes there is no need to prove that someone can write ''about'' something (= content) in Latin, but that we can can ''call'' it (= it's title, name) in Latin. So we should be happy even with pages which just name things. This Wikipedia is different from other Wikipedias, but Latin is different, too. Providing a good framework for Latinist to add their "second sentences" might be of value for the project. Our situation is different from the English or German Wikipedia where some of the users are fanatically trying to create the better Britannica or the better Brockhaus. I think we should stay ambitious what concerns sources, correctness and scientificness, but we should stay patient what concerns the amount of content some articles provide. ;-) --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 13:04, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Of course, Rolande, I appreciate what hard work we need to even get a tiny stipula and, although these seem to have just been rushed pages, I will try to add the capita and numeri incolarum when I have the time so they at least give the reader something back. I'll remove the non stipulas now. Gratias pro responsis, <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 13:29, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :...but I notice UV has already done it! Thanks UV! <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 13:34, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). : No, that was [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]]'s work, he also added an important detail: Those are the historical provinces (that still influence everyday life) but not the current administrative units of Sweden. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 13:43, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Oh! Well thanks to Iacobe for adding that in - I will make sure all of the pages are now provinciae historicae, not comitia - and thanks to you for taking off the templates :) <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 13:58, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). I have added [http://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Disputatio_Usoris:Harrissimo&curid=31040&diff=416637&oldid=416630 this comment] to Harrissimo's page. --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 21:19, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Quid est stipula / pagina? == Please see this discussion: [[Disputatio_Vicipaediae:Stipulae#Quid_est_stipula.3F]]. --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 01:39, 3 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) And this one: [[Disputatio Vicipaediae:Pagina#Quid est pagina?]]. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 02:39, 3 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). == Frame, shot, sequence, scene == I am writing an article on [[cinematographia|film]] grammar, but I am having troubles coming up with a word for "shot". I don't know if a literal translation such as ''missus, -us'' would be the best approach, since the derivation of "shot" is kind of obscure anyway (perhaps since the first cameras looked like guns?). Even the OED doesn't offer me much help. But perhaps a word from a Romance language would help? Italian seems the best with ''inquadratura'' which derives from ''inquadrare'' from ''in quadri'' ("in a painting" I think). Would it be safe to borrow this word? I do have one other idea, though it's a reach. Film grammar is usually compared to language grammar (e.g. frame=letter, shot=word, scene=sentence, sequence=paragraph), so what if the same words (littera, verbum, etc.) were used metaphorically? Any other suggestions? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 04:47, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I don't know the best word or words. But perhaps you should consider so perhaps shot = photographema, scene = scaena, sequence = series. Other words to ponder that might be relevant are "scaena" (scene) or "exceptaculum" (excerpt) or "articulus pelliculae" (joint or portion of film). In translating "still camera shot" remember "Photographia" (art photo) is distinguished from Photographema (photo picture). --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 07:13, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Enlarging Latin Vicipaedia == For your consideration: some reflections on how the Volapük Vükiped enlarged its number of articles: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Volapük#Number_of_V_speakers.3F http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Volapük#Somebody_do_something.21 [[Specialis:Conlationes/91.104.102.227|91.104.102.227]] 09:56, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I don't see the value in having many articles as an end in itself. Also latin does not lend itself to robotic translation. I would rather see a small complete, well-written encyclopeidia than a huge, badly written one.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:31, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Vocabulary == Could anyone tell me which is the Latin for ''[[:en:Drainage basin|drainage basin]]''?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 13:55, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Don't know if there are better words but I would suggest "Area epotata" or "regio epotata" = "drained area" or "regio a fluvio epotata" = "region drained by a river"; I would also think that "vallis" = "valley" would work in most cases too, but not all valleys are drainage basins I suppose.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:40, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Isn't it epotus, -a, -um -> area epota? <br>From Romanic languages: "bascauda hydrographica" --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 14:54, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I think yes both forms are ok. Epotus is the adjective whereas epotata is the participle. I don't know if bascauda is a good translation of basin though. What is your source? Trupmann dictionary suggests ''labrum'' for basin in the sense of reservoir. Even in english there seem to be a multitude of equivalent terms. Nevertheless, the way the article above is pitched drainage basin clearly refers to a geographical area.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:00, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::I simply thought bascauda -> bassin etymologically. For washing bassin I found also "aqualis". - According to my source "epotus" is already participle, but maybe that needs further research. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 16:51, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Yes you're right. Both epotus and epotatus are listed as participle for epotare on Words. Regarding the best translation for basin, I too am confused. Different dictionaries give different translations. Perhaps the favorite word for this changed over time? I don't know.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:33, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Bot command translations == Hi. Could anybody translate me these interwiki bot commands to Latin (they will be displayed in all interwiki bot summaries here instead English): * robot - <s>robotum</s> automaton * Adding: - addens (literally) but if saying "robbot adding:X" state this as "Robotum addit:X" * Modifying: - mutans (literally) but if saying "Robot modifying: X" state this as "Robotum mutat:X" * Removing: - abdens (literally) but if saying "Robot modifying: X" state this as "Robotum abdit: X" Thank you. [[:lt:User:Hugo.arg]] 13:39, 6 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I added my shot. Robotum is glossed from Morgan. Notice that latin present tense in "Robotum addit X" has the same meaning as "Robot is adding X"--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:37, 6 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Translation will be here: ''Idioma-bot (disputatio | conlationes) (robot Adding: lt:Inocentas II)''. I think translation ''Robot is adding'' (Robotum addit) would be ok. Thanks! [[:lt:User:Hugo.arg]] 15:33, 6 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Hmmm, utimur (utbebamur ad minimum) ''automaton'' pro "bot". Est verbum sane classicius.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 07:42, 7 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Ioscius is right that automaton would be an OK translation. But Morgan attributed Robotum to Carlo Egger, author of Lexicon Latinitatis recentis. That made me look into it a little deeper and I think that robotum means a robot in the primary sense (like an artificial human or android or slave) i.e. "a mechanical device that sometimes resembles a human and is capable of performing a variety of often complex human tasks on command or by being programmed in advance." whereas automaton is more general, including automatic mechanical mechanisms, like a gas pump "automaton distributorium" (LRL also from Morgan). (English definitions from Free Online Dictionary) In other words, robotum evokes the idea of a human laborer with some measure of decision making ability while automaton evokes something automatic, mindless and limited. Both ideas apply to what a bot is. I don't see a preference.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:18, 7 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ad minimum, praeferentia sit usus quo solebamus uti, qui, quem dixi, est ''automaton''. Est etiam, ut dixi, classicius (vero Graecius, sed quidquid id est) quam ''robotum'' (quod, mea quidem sententia, risibile est). Consentio putans Rafaeli quoque robotum potius referre automaton forma humanum. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 06:05, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Consentio verbo ''automaton'' utimur cum ''bot'' ad Latinem vertamus. Sed nescio quod sentes ''robotum'' esse risibilem. Mea sententia ''robotum'' melius videtur cum ''robot'' sensu stricto vertamus. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:19, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Quia etymologia Slavica est. Работать Russice valet idem ac ''laborare'' lingua nostra. Ergo est in eo modo sicut ''hitum'' quem Kedemus proposuit pro Anglico verbo "hit" sensu "hit song or album". Dissimilitudinem inter stultitias Kedemi et Caroli Egger hoc in casu non video.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 16:56, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Mihi oportet magis de hoc commentari, quod suspecto fortasse hoc verbum esse unum e illis verbis internationalibus, ut videamus in variis linguis: <nowiki>[[:ar:روبوت]] [[:bn:রোবট]] [[:zh-min-nan:Robot]] [[:bs:Robot]] [[:bg:Робот]] [[:ca:Robot]] [[:cs:Robot]] [[:da:Robot]] [[:de:Roboter]] [[:en:Robot]] [[:et:Robot]] [[:el:Ρομπότ]] [[:es:Robot]] [[:eo:Roboto]] [[:eu:Robot]] [[:fa:روبات]] [[:fr:Robot]] [[:gl:Robot]] [[:ko:로봇]] [[:hr:Robot]] [[:io:Roboto]] [[:id:Robot]] [[:it:Robot]] [[:he:רובוט]] [[:lv:Robots]] [[:lt:Robotas]] [[:hu:Robot]] [[:nl:Robot]] [[:ja:ロボット]] [[:no:Robot]] [[:nn:Robot]] [[:nrm:Robot]] [[:oc:Robòt]] [[:uz:Robot]] [[:pl:Robot]] [[:pt:Robot]] [[:ru:Робот]] [[:sq:Roboti]] [[:simple:Robot]] [[:sk:Robot]] [[:sr:Робот]] [[:su:Robot]] [[:fi:Robotti]] [[:sv:Robot]] [[:ta:இயந்திரவியல்]] [[:th:หุ่นยนต์]] [[:vi:Người máy]] [[:tr:Robot]] [[:uk:Робот]] [[:ur:روبالہ]] [[:yi:ראבאט]] [[:zh:机器人]] </nowiki>--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:13, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::A robot seems to be no more than a ''machina servilis,'' or maybe just a ''servus.'' How are folks for whom 'bot' & 'robot' are ''robotum'' going to gloss 'nanobot'? For that sense, ''servus'' would easily offer ''servulus.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:51, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Nanorobotum...Robotum parvulum non est idem quam nanorobotum quod, sicut mica, sunt magnitudine nanometrorum. Item robotum non est idem quam servus mechanicus nec machina servilis, quod nonnulla robota, sicut androides Data in Itere Stellari, possunt esse autonomia et independentia. Ille Data non est servus.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 19:07, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Immo, nego ''nanorobotum'' esse purum: si Anglicum ''robot'' generat Latinum ''robotum,'' certe ''nanobot'' (verbum "portmanteau") generat ''nanobotum,'' sed iterum pono recta verba "classicalia" esse ''servus'' ('robot') et ''servulus'' ('nanobot'). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:04, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Hanc perlegenti disputationem mihi videtur non satis iam cogitari de contextu verbi quo opus est. Num haec machina quae singulas Vicipaediae res e lingua in aliam vertit similiaque facit robotum est sensu proprio, i.e. homo artificialis? Nonne potius automaton est? --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 21:03, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Recte dicis, Ceylon, sed iam omnes consentimus verbo ''automaton'' utimur cum ''bot'' ad Latinem vertamus. Disputatio inceps supra est de utrum robotum vere valit ut nomem latinum legitimum. Homo artificialis mea sententia est alia res: potest esse robotum quod liberum arbitrium habet aut potest esse homo biologicus creatus in laboratorio (i.e. artificially gestated, genetically engineered, etc.., clone).--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:30, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Igitur omnia robota sunt automata, etsi non omnia automata sunt robota. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 00:08, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Elliot == :[Copied from my user talk in case anyone wants to improve my suggested names of institutions -- or indeed translate the whole text! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:58, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ] Goodday Andrew, can you help me with translating this peace of tekst? [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 21:45, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ->Elliot was one of the founders of the [[American Museum of Natural History]] in [[New York]] and the [[American Ornithologists' Union]]. He was also curator of zoologia at the [[Field Museum]] in [[Chicago]]. Elliot used his wealth to publish a series of sumptuous color-plate books on birds and animals. Elliot wrote the text himself and commissioned artists such as [[Iosephus Wolf]] and [[Iosephus Smit]], both of whom had worked for [[Ioannes Gould]], to provide the illustrations. The [[National Academy of Sciences]] awards the [http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_elliot Daniel Giraud Elliot medal] "for meritorious work in zoology or paleontology published in a three- to five-year period. Established through the Daniel Giraud Elliot Fund by gift of Miss Margaret Henderson Elliot."<- :Ofcourse i like to add these institutes: [[American Museum of Natural History]]; [[Field Museum (Chicago)]]; [[American Ornithologists' Union]]; [[National Academy of Sciense]] en ofcourse the [[Smithsonian Institute]], maybe you can help me with the titles, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 21:53, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I would say: [[Museum Americanum Historiae Naturalis]], [[Museum Fieldianum Historiae Naturalis]]; [[Consociatio Americana Ornithologorum]]; [[Academia Nationalis Scientiae]]; [[Institutum Smithsonianum]]. I'm copying this to the [[Vicipaedia:Taberna|Taberna]] and others may make better suggestions. I say ''Consociatio'' because we have avoided ''Unio'' in the past, I guess because it's a rare word in Latin. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:58, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I agree with all above, except for ''Institutum Smithsonianum'', which is written [http://siris-libraries.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?uri=full=3100001~!264766!0 here] (one of the institution's websites, in fact) as ''Institutio Smithsoniana''. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 20:10, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). == Proto-Indo-European == I'm interested rather in PIE than in Latin, because PIE according to Catholic visionary Anne Catherine Emmerich is Pre-Babel/Adamic: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Adamic_language/archive0 Thus my edit there was strictly PIE-related and occassional, because I'm mainly concentrated on PIE. [[Specialis:Conlationes/83.5.42.127|83.5.42.127]] 17:20, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :"Pre-Babel/Adamic"? Horrescimus putatu; nihilominus, commentaria de PIE hic sunt exoptatissima. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:26, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::The Proto-Indo-European language fragment is a linguistic construct inferred by means of the comparative method, the purpose of which is a formal demonstration of the fact that a set of (subfamilies of) languages may spring from a common source. Epistemologically, the problem is rather similar to that of codicology, i.e. relating a given set M of medieval and renaissance manuscripts (of, say, Plautus) by comparing members of M and detecting systematic similarities and differences between them. Basically the PIE language fragment is a tool for historical linguistics. It would be highly desirable to present the views of various "visionaries" (of which there's no dearth) under a separate heading and categorisation. Nor is alchemy treated under chemistry. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 18:55, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Another desideratum would be an article on pie.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 19:17, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Diu inceptionem in animo habebam...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 21:11, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Sequana/Sequanus == ''Copied from [[Disputatio:Sequanus]]:'' I always thought that the French river Seine was called ''Sequan'''a''''' in Latin, as it was called by every ancient Latin writer from Caesar onwards. ''Sequan'''us''''' I only knew as the singular of ''Sequani'', a famous tribe in ancient Gaul. I do not exclude the possibility that at some time someone may have called the river ''Sequan'''us''''' (although I would like to see the source), but even so priority should be given to ''Sequan'''a'''''. Could someone please interchange the article [[Sequanus]] and the redirection page [[Sequana]]? Thanks a lot. --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 14:07, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I've been meaning to do that. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:42, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Gratias tibi ago! --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 16:05, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Polytonic Greek == Could someone please explain how to insert ancient Greek quotes into pages? The German Wikipedia has a readymade polytonic font below the edit window, but Vicipaedia doesn't (and, eheu, neither does the English Wikipedia). I'm aware that Anglo-Saxons tend to be brought up to believe that accents are a reactionary or at best superfluous arabesque never used by the real Greeks and invented by continental schoolmasters in order to make the language inaccessible to anybody but themselves. But I still can't bring myself to writing ancient Greek using a monotonic font.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 15:14, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :This becomes easier if you have installed modern Greek keyboarding as an option on your computer. If you have, you can at least type all required letters except the "polytonic" ones. If you haven't, you can get all such letters from below the edit window. :Type all the letters you can in one of these two ways. For the letters that you can't type, you need to open another tab or window with your browser; in this new tab go to [[:en:Polytonic_orthography#Examples_of_polytonic_characters]]. You don't need to open an edit window. Select each of the letters you want, in turn, one at once; copy it; and paste it into your edit page in Vicipaedia. :The normal font does not look very good with polytonic characters. For a slightly better-looking font, put your Greek text into a formula, thus: <nowiki>{{Polytonic|Γρέεκ}}</nowiki>. :Maybe UV or someone might know how to add polytonic Greek characters to the foot of our edit screen. That would be better. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:38, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) : I added a number of characters to our edittools below the editing window. If you still miss some characters, please let me know which ones are missing! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 19:54, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Many thanks, UV. Unfortunately my browser (Internet Explorer, horribile dictu) does not display them though. Is there anything I can do about that other than changing my browser? It does display (most of) the characters in the German wiki by the way.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 20:19, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Wow! I can see them! Marvellous, UV. Ceylon, might it be a question of purging your browser cache? I'm going to try them out here: {{Polytonic|ἀἁὰᾶἂἃἄἅἆἇ ᾳᾀᾁᾴᾲᾷᾄᾅᾂᾃᾆᾇ ἐἑὲἔἕἒἓ ἠἡὴῆἤἢἣἥἦἧ ῃῄῂῇᾐᾑᾔᾒᾕᾓᾖᾗ ἰἱὶῖἴἲἵἳἶἷ ὸὀὁὄὅὂὃ ῤῥ ὐὑὺῦὔὕὒὓὖὗ ὠὡὼῶὤὢὥὣὦὧ ῳῴῲῷᾠᾡᾤᾢᾥᾣᾦᾧ}} :::Yes, they are all there. But there is just one point. In the four-character groups, within each vowel, in which rough-or-smoooth breathing is combined with acute-or-grave accent, they are not all in the same order. Since they are so tiny on the screen, it would be easier if they ''were'' all in the same order. The majority are in the following order: {{Polytonic|ᾤᾢᾥᾣ}}; if you managed to rearrange the following {{Polytonic|ἂἃἄἅ ᾄᾅᾂᾃ ἔἕἒἓ ὄὅὂὃ ὔὕὒὓ}} so that they were in the same order, that would be perfect. Does it make sense? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:43, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::: Sorry, I made another major change before reading the comments here. Unless you prefer the old edittools version (without dropdown box – then I can change it back), could you please tell me ::::* whether you can see the polytonic characters now (and, in case you cannot, whether you can see them in the edittools on the German wikipedia), and ::::* whether the order is fine now or not. If you would prefer a different order, please give me the entire line of polytonic characters in the desired order (I am using an old computer and I never see polytonic characters properly, therefore making these changes is a bit difficult for me). Thanks! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 21:10, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::: OK, many thanks, UV. As far as I'm concerned, the drop-down box is fine ... The order I suggest for the whole polytonic group of characters is this. {{Polytonic|ἀἁὰᾶἄἂἅἃἆἇ ᾳᾀᾁᾴᾲᾷᾄᾂᾅᾃᾆᾇ ἐἑὲἔἒἕἓ ἠἡὴῆἤἢἥἣἦἧ ῃᾐᾑῄῂῇᾔᾒᾕᾓᾖᾗ ἰἱὶῖἴἲἵἳἶἷ ὀὁὸὄὂὅὃ ῤῥ ὐὑὺῦὔὒὕὓὖὗ ὠὡὼῶὤὢὥὣὦὧ ῳᾠᾡῴῲῷᾤᾢᾥᾣᾦᾧ}} [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:57, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Χάριν σοι ἔχω, ὦ ΟΥϜ! Herzlichen Dank, perfekt! My browser still opts for replacing the accented characters by boxes on the actual page and in the edit window (it does that on the German wiki, too), but I can clearly see the typeset below. And your old computer still refuses to display them? A job almost reminiscent of Beethoven composing symphonies he couldn't hear ... :) --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:06, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::: I arranged the characters in the order proposed by Andrew. Luckily, to handle computer software is a bit easier than to compose a symphony … If any other issues are still open, please tell me! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:58, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Nimia consilia == If someone (it would probably have to be one of the magistratus?) happens to feel sufficiently bored and confident to clear up the mess of 'Guidelines for Users' on here, he might run a chance of being abundantly rewarded in the afterlife. A lot of these pages overlap and/or are confusingly linked or otherwise interconnected: [[Vicipaedia:Commendationes paginarum recte scribendarum]], [[Vicipaedia:Auxilium paginarum recensendarum]], [[Vicipaedia:Ops nexusque usoribus novis]], [[Vicipaedia:Latinitas]], [[Vicipaedia:Gradus Latinitatis]], [[Vicipaedia:Numeri Romani]], [[Vicipaedia:A est B]], [[Vicipaedia:FAQ]] etc. I would prefer a clear starting point with a list of links leading to clearly named pages. I also think that either the FAQ or the Main Page ought to spell out some of the motives behind the Latin Vicipaedia project (many people ask this question so it would be good to have a common reference - and maybe start a useful discussion). I noticed that the topic has come up in quite a few discussions (e.g. some contributions by [[Usor:Irenaeus]]), but I haven't found a page dedicated to this topic yet. I'm new, so please forgive if I have overlooked something.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:50, 14 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :No, Ceylon, you are absolutely right... Most of this stuff is a complete mess... The staggering amount of links to these pages, and the, as you indicated, extremely boring nature of the project has kept progress on the simplification and unification of these pages rather agonizingly slow. I am sufficiently bored these next two weeks (school doesn't start til the 28th) so hopefully I can make some progress on this and our [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis]], which I've been meaning to fix for months now.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:38, 15 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Boring but full of merit and virtue - and isn't that what the Romans were all about? It might be wise, though, to propose a structure or, much more importantly, titles for the new pages on the Taberna before actually changing anything. --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 14:12, 15 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::You know, I actually might start a new (temporary) Vicipaedia: namespace page for it. Something like [[Vicipaedia:Quidnam inferorum cum tantis paginis talibusque in spatio Vicipaediano?!]]. That way we can decide what to merge, what to erase, and what to redo without making the Taberna a mille passum long.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 17:24, 15 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Where would we have this page that would tie our rules together? I think that is the purpose of [[VP:PC]] and [[Vicipaedia:Salve]], but they far too brief at the moment. I like the idea of having some pretty boxes rather than blocks of text to introduce our rules though. English has Wikipedia:Introduction and links from there which may also be an idea. Alternatively, we could sort our Vicipaedia: pages under titles or in a box by what they refer to e.g. pages ([[VP:HP]], [[Vicipaedia:Stipula]]...), editing style ([[VP:APE]], [[Vicipaedia:Pipe trick]]...), latin language ([[Vicipaedia:Latinitas]]...) - I'd also like to discuss on this temporary page you're making. Valete! <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:02, 15 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::: An overhaul and a reorganization of the contents in our Vicipaedia: namespace would be a great step forward. I particularly like the idea that one page should expressly state some of the main motives behind the Vicipaedia project. ::::: Although its contents would need discussion, [[Vicipaedia:Mores Vicipaediae]] (Rolandus started this page a while ago) may provide an additional, interesting perspective on how we might organize our rules (and make them easily retrievable and accessible). --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 20:58, 16 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::: [[Usor:Rolandus]] added some important points to this on my user page. A brief summary in English: ''Vicipaedia users fall into categories with very different backgrounds re. their Latin and wiki proficiency. There's no one introduction that could cater for all of them. Thus it's better to have a range of short interlinking namespace articles. This also comes in handy for settling recurring disputes by pointing to a clear reference such as [[Vicipaedia:A est B]]. Maybe a sort of namespace sitemap could be established at [[Vicipaedia:Salve]].'' (Please correct if I missed something, Rolande). Commenting on this, I imagine something like a list of the main rules at [[Vicipaedia:Enchiridion auctoris]] with links to individual sites providing details and reasons. So individual users could consult language, style, or wiki advice in detail according to their needs, but there would still be a common port of call. --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 12:09, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Thanks for that summary -- I find German rather hard going! ::::::::Thanks for the summary. Yes, my main point is, that we do not have a typical user, so we should provide different introductions to our collection. This makes it even easier because a specific introduction does not need to satisfy all demands, just the demands of a specific group. The several indroductions are just an envelope for the collection of "standard information" which is interlinked. Of course, our collection needs much cleanup and there are some introductions which might be rather useless and should be removed. --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 18:17, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::As you will know, a small selection of help pages is listed on the [[Pagina prima]]; these same pages are all linked together with a box at the top. The list of these pages is at {{fn|Opes}} and the box (created to contain the list) is at {{fn|Opesbox}}. Rafael, I and others have made sure that these few pages are in reasonable order and available both in Latin and English. In working on the namespace as a whole, you may well want to change this arrangement, or add to the selection of pages, or link them differently ... all is possible! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:36, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Cum recenseo commentaria == Cum recenseo commentaria, non iam video parvulas litteras Graecas, Russicas, macronizatas, etc., quae olim subfuerunt in pagina. Quo iverunt? Quando redient? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:35, 16 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ibi sunt, sed oportet botonem imprimire in laevo latere ubi dicit "Norma"; tunc in indice monstrato "Cyrillice" scrutandum est, vel "Graece", etc...--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:29, 16 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Restaurant == For "restaurant" I found this, but which is the best? ristorante: lauta caupona http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Agora/8704/lexicum/lexr.html Taberna refectoria http://www.quaelibet.net/NotaeNet/N_r.html restaurant: popIna f, caupOna, taberna refectoria http://wredmond.home.texas.net/rlittera.html Restaurant: taberna deversoria (classical word with the comics)<br> [[Langenscheidt]] Taberna restaurativa<br> my invention --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 21:42, 16 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Eh, taberna is good, so is popina. Caupona is more of an inn, someplace where you can stay the night. If there's a table cloth I usually go with taberna, if it's just a quick stop like a sandwich place or burger joint I go with popina. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 00:13, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Taberna restaurantiva is just reinventing taberna refectoria. ::According to Traupmans's conversational latin and the Oxford Latin dictionary, caupona is the prefered translation for restaurant. ::Both caupona and taberna mean inn/tavern, but taberna also means a shop/small store; so you would go to a taberna to buy jewelry but not to a caupona, where you would mostly go to stay the night. Now a taberna refectoria would be a shop were they specialize sell food of some kinds; cauponae apparently were inns with a nice sit-down restaurant or tavern. On the other hand, popina literally means a bistro, cook-shop, like mcdonalds. ::So, taking these into account, :::popina = low-end mcdonald's type restaurant; :::taberna refectoria = smaller nicer stand-alone restaurant business; :::caupona = high-end restaurant/inn. :::taberna deversoria = hotel shop; which for many hotel may or may not correspond to the hotel restaurant, depending on the hotel. ::--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:12, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Popina is a handy term because it really has no other meaning: it's a place where food is cooked for immediate eating. Its origin, incidentally, is as the [[lingua Sabina|Sabine]] equivalent of the pure-Latin coquina "kitchen". The word was borrowed from Sabine into Latin, some hundreds of years BC, for a kind of establishment that maybe the Sabines made fashionable. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:43, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) [[Fasciculus:RestaurantBath.jpg|thumb]] For a place like that on the right hand side I think we need a term like ''taberna refectoria''. ''Popina'' sounds for me somewhat low end, as Rafael mentioned, I am also not sure whether ''caupona'' isn't somewhat popular. Following the different vicipaedias, the modern "restaurant" is an invention of 19th century Paris, before, there was no free choice of meal and no individual service, the defining characteristics of "restaurant". --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 11:22, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Yes, that's the received wisdom currently. If I write [[Caupona]] or [[Popina]] I'll cite a Latin text, probably of the 2nd century AD, that depicts both free choice of meal and individual service! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:43, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Îles Marquises == Could anyone tell me how I can translate the words ''marquess'' and ''Marquesas Islands'' to latin?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 03:25, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Marquess = marquis = Markgraf: Latin: Marchio, female Marchionissa. Insulae Marchianae? --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 08:39, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == [[w:Treasure trove|Treasure trove]]: English translation of Latin terms == Hi, can someone help translate the Latin terms "''vetus depositio pecuniae''" and "''jus commune et quasi gentium''" that appear in the English Wikipedia article "[[w:Treasure trove|Treasure trove]]"? Please reply on that article's [[w:Talk:Treasure trove#English translation of Latin terms|talk page]]. Thanks very much. &mdash; [[w:User:Jacklee|JackLee]] 03:34, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Done.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 03:40, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Tregua aut Treuga? == I read some references to the expression ''Treuga Dei'', which is supposed to be in Medieval Latin, however, the word "treuga" does not make any sense to me, isn't it ''tregua'' correctly? Because ''tregua'' is a Romance (Spanish/Italian) word coming from Gothic ''triggwa'' that means "treaty". --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 10:16, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :[http://brockhaus-suche.de/suche/abstract.php?shortname=bgeschichte&artikel_id=5556&verweis=1] Treuga dei, secundum Brockhaus. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 10:49, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I had this discussion on the English Wikipedia too...all the references I have ever read about the Treuga Dei spell it treuga. Du Cange spells it treuga as well. One medieval author I have handy ([[Willelmus Tyrensis]]) spells it treuga. Apparently some Spanish and Italian historians use tregua but I have never personally come across that spelling. [[Usor:Adam Episcopus|Adam Episcopus]] 21:06, 6 Februarii 2008 (UTC) == Martial law == Quaeso. Hi guys. I would appreciate help with translation of this <s>word</s>term or something like-'under rule by military' or 'rule of(country) under emergency situation' granting the ruler(pretender) dictatorship power'. Like what Darth Sidius/Emperor Palpatine did in Star Wars Gratias ago. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 11:34, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :If you're looking for ''martial law,'' Cassell's dictionary says that's ''ius belli'' or ''iura belli'' or ''lex belli.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 12:46, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::The Romans did not have our concept of "state of emergency" / "martial law" (arguably all Roman law was "martial"), so there is no clear equivalent. There is, however, a very close parallel, which is the appointment of a ''dictator rei gerundae causa''. So "martial law" could be rendered as ''dictatura'' or ''dictatoria potestas''. ''Ius belli'' on the other hand, is the law of declaring war (called ''ius ad bellum'' in modern international law) or of conducting war (modern equivalent: ''international humanitarian law''), not something applying to rules of interior governance / policing. --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 13:07, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::That's interesting, as Ainsworth's dictionary also defines ''martial law'' as ''lex belli.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:19, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I really have no idea about ''lex belli'', Iacobe, I only meant to talk about ''ius belli''. Is there a literary source for ''lex belli'' in that sense? I'd find that more convincing than a dictionary.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 13:50, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Lex belli looks good. Ius ? like rights or justice? hmmm. I'll be using this for [[Ferdinandus Marcos]]. How does 'Declaravit legem bellium' sound? I'll check the notre dam latin dictionary for the grammar. In many dicattorships, the dicator blames or secretly creates an emergency or act of terror then declares a state of emergency and martial law. Thanks Jacob and Ceylon.--<s>[[Specialis:Conlationes/203.215.115.16|203.215.115.16]] 14:52, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC)</s>--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 14:53, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Definitely, the right term is "ius<s> bellum</s>". In latin, lex means the product of a legislative act. So lex belli would mean the "law of war" or the "law governing how wars should be fought". However "martial law" is outside legislative acts, it is government by decree, or by might of the army, as it might occur during war. The roman concept Ius primarily means rights, but also includes laws of all types, because in the Roman mind the laws were the writing down of rights so that they could be uniformly adjudicated and protected. In the case of martial law what right are we refering to? The right of the military commander to ensure civil order by the use of the army. Ius bellum, by the way, would also include the right to wage war against the enemy.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:06, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Gratias Rafael. In martial law, IMHO we refer to the right of the leader. The leader assumes power without consent of the constituents on the pretext that a state of war(or emergency) is occuring; often blaming a small incident(which the leader may have secretly created himself). In martial law there is only a pretense of rights being uniformly adjudicated and protected but not in truth. In reality the ruler is a dictator in the English sense. His power is supported by the military. There is no government but military might(the military is the covertly the government ). The dictator creates the law (martial law). --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 16:32, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::That is true Jondel, but what you are describing is a very common instance in which martial law is abused. In time of war or a true emergency, then it is justified because the usual mechanisms wouldn't have time to work. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:51, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Mmmh, since this is not the Volapük Wikipedia I guess we should at least try not to make up our own language. ''Ius bellum'' means ''the law the war'', which is neither here nor there. As for ''declaravit legem bellium'', ''declaro'' can be used for consuls, kings, victories, but not for laws, and ''bellium'' is ungrammatical. Coming back to ''ius belli'', Cicero uses it twice: De leg. 2.34 and De off. 3.107 ("Est autem ius etiam bellicum fidesque iuris iurandi saepe cum hoste servanda"). It clearly means the ''law of war'' here, which is far from ''martial law''. Much depends on what context you need it for, Jondel. But standing alone, I would still think ''dictatoria potestas'' comes at least a little closer to the concept. --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 17:12, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Re "''Ius bellum'' means ''the law the war'', which is neither here nor there."&mdash;I was reading it as 'pretty law'! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:51, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Yes, you're right. I didn't look at it carefully. I was thinking Ius bellicum = ius belli = right of war. But, fortunately, we are blessed by people such as Ceylon with their heads straight and who know more about Roman history to boot.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:20, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::I crossed out "bellum" in my comment above since it is wrong.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:26, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::: Please, read again Ceylon's first note. In a situation of a political emergency or distress, ''dictatoria potestas'' is certainly the term that comes closest to what is meant by issuing an emergency decree or martial law. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 04:53, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::I don't disagree with dictatoria potestas as it applies to Caesar's time, but at the same time I'm a little uncomfortable assuming that dictatoria potestas does the job for the modern concept of martial law. Dictatoria potestas would seem to describe anyone who had the power to rule by decree, such as today Hugo Chavez in Venezuela, but we wouldn't describe Venezuela today being under Martial Law....or in an emergency...So I think the issue needs more thought. ::::As Ceylon himself recognises, there is a difference, perhaps, between assuming dictatorial powers in an emergency and martial law as we have today. By dictatorial powers it is meant ruling by decree, no? And martial law being the enforcement of order by the army. Yet martial law can happen without dictatorial powers being assumed by anyone, for example, if a military commander takes over a flooded city. No one is dictating any law in that instance, it is just that the military commander giving orders to his subordinates who enforce his will at the point of a gun. ::::On the other hand, in attempting to capture the concept of martial law, Ius Belli would not seem to fit either, if the emergency were a flood that is not war related. . I think we need a term that means "emergency military administration" or "emergency military government" or something close to that.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 05:41, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::In that case, if you want to avoid the ambiguity of circumlocution, such as ''rem publicam (in tempore belli / ob pericula) militibus committere'' (cf. Liv. 1.27.1) or ''summam imperii in manibus copiarum ponere'', you're probably left with the unenviable option of using a neologism (''ius Martiale'' being as good or bad as any other).--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 09:35, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Unless someone has a better name, ''ius martiale'' seems to do the job fine, I think.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:12, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::If we borrow the term from other languages, why not "lex Martialis" (cf. Loi martiale, Ley marcial, Legge marziale)? Just asking. I'm no expert in juridical matters. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 20:15, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::The reason for ius rather than lex is that lex in latin has a more specific meaning than in other languages. From what I have read in the dictionary of greek and roman antiquities, the term lex is limited to the product of legislative acts, by e.g. the senate or some other legislative body; ius on the other hand refers not only to laws (leges et plebescita), but also to common law (court traditions in deciding rights, both written and unwritten), and to rights of different kinds. Martial law isn't a lex in that it does not correspond to a legislative act but to an administrative one.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:32, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) OK. Gratias ago ad Iacobi, Neander Rafael, Ceyolon and others. I will be using 'ius bellum ' and '<s>dicta</s> dictum est' instead of declaravit. Hence ' Ius bellum <s>dicta</s> dictum est anno <s>1973</s>1972.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 06:21, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Dear Jondel, read the discussion carefully and think again. ;)--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 06:33, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Ceylon, hi. Putasne de ''dictatoria potestas''? <s>Accordo nam</s>I agree but we have to translate what was openly declared. In truth , most of martial law situations nowadays are dictatorships but we have to use what was declared and not interpretations. If a dictatorship has a word democracy in the name of its nation, we have to translated literaly democracy even if we'd like to insert the translation of the word 'dictatorship' in the name. And so on and so forth. But of course modern translations may have to depart a bit from the old original definitions.Anyway, as Rafael says, lex is a product of a legal authority/body. If need be we can vote to be sure of concensus. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 14:43, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::My only worry was about the grammar: If you want to say 'the law of war', you have to put 'war' in the genitive -> ''ius belli'' (''ius bellum'', as Iacobus has pointed out above, is ''beautiful law''). If you feel uneasy about using ''dictatoria potestas'' (although the Latin ''dictator'' has a very different meaning from the English derivative), I would still think ''ius Martiale'' is a better choice than ''ius belli''.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 15:18, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Ius Martiale does look better since the Martial derives from Martiale. belli(genitive) is of course better. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 15:28, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Question == How would one say 'teddy bear' (as in - small stuffed bear-shaped fluffy toy) in Latin? Stupid question, isn't it? Thanks in advance, cheers, [[Usor:Ouro|Ouro]] 15:46, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :''ursus theodoricus'' or ''ursus Thaddeus''...see [[Ursus (discretiva)]]. -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 15:55, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Morgan gives [[Ursulus lusorius]], I was thinking more [[Pupa ursina]]. Whence came ''theodoricus/thaddeus?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:08, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Well, ''theodoricus'' makes literal sense, since the Teddy Bear was named after [[Theodorus Roosevelt]]. But as for whether it was sourced anywhere...I have no idea. -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 18:26, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Sure, I understand that, but... I've already asked Rolandus (who wrote theodoricus) whence he got that form, and am awaiting a response. In the meantime, let's look at the interwikis: <nowiki>[[:bg:Плюшено мече]] [[:da:Teddybjørn]] [[:de:Teddybär]] [[:es:Osito de peluche]] [[:fr:Ours en peluche]] [[:hr:Plišani medo]] [[:id:Teddy bear]] [[:is:Bangsi]] [[:it:Teddy Bear]] [[:he:דוב צעצוע]] [[:hu:Plüssmackó]] [[:ms:Beruang Teddy]] [[:nl:Teddybeer]] [[:ja:テディベア]] [[:no:Teddybjørn]] [[:pl:Miś (zabawka)]] [[:pt:Urso de pelúcia]] [[:ru:Плюшевый мишка]] [[:simple:Teddy bear]] [[:fi:Teddykarhu]] [[:sv:Nallebjörn]] [[:ta:டெடி கரடிக்குட்டி]] [[:th:หมีเท็ดดี้]] [[:zh:泰迪熊]]</nowiki>. It would seem, then, that Germanic languages favor Teddy+native word for bear, while romance and slavic languages favor the word for bear (sometimes diminutive, sometimes not)+the word for plush. For our part, I think the diminutive makes a great deal of sense (as does, as I have noted, [[David Morgan]]). Now plush derives from the vulgar Latin word ''piluccare'', so we would be looking at [[Ursulus piluccatus]], but ''piluccare'' actually means "to remove hair" so our teddy would be chihuahuaish! one of the other languages have the semantic "play" in their name for teddy bear, so I wonder whence Morgan got ''lusorius''. I mean the sense is plain enough: ''ursulus lusorius'' = little bear with which you play, which is certainly exactly what a teddy bear is.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:49, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::OHHH! Maybe I '''''do''''' know where Morgan got ''lusorius''... I din't even think of it at first, but my grandma used to call it ''orso giocattolo'' or "little play bear"...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:51, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::I wrote those sentences, but I do not think I created them, maybe I have cleaned up some pages and got the text from there. But {{fn|PONS-Egger}} gives: Teddybär ... ursulus panneus, m; vgl. PAUL. NOL., carm., 24, 327; ~ panniceus; vgl. ISID., orig., 19, 22, 24 --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 12:06, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Wow... thanks, guys! --[[Usor:Ouro|Ouro]] 13:20, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Nomina Pellicularum == The current rule seems to be, translate film titles into Latin, but according to [[Vicipaedia:Translatio nominum propriorum]]: ::::"''Si opus scriptum est in alia lingua, et versionem Latinam non cognovimus, nomen suae linguae utere. (Da versionem post mentionem primam si potes.)''" Therefore, shouldn't all the page titles be in their respective languages with a Latin translation given in the article? (especially since I don't think any films' titles have ever been "officially" translated into Latin) -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 19:18, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Feel free to be bold in correcting anything that seems inconsistent or contradictory to the rules. This is a wiki, after all. –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 01:22, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :That only applies to written work, ie. opera scripta. For other works the third rule on the same page: "Si opus aliarum artium est neque litterarium (ut sculptura), verte nomen vulgare vel usitatum si potes, et adde nomen originale post mentionem primam" id est Anglice:If the work is not a piece of writing (such as a sculpture), translate the original or usual name if you can, and give the original name after first mention." A movie is not writing so according to the present rules, we try to translate.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:59, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Hmm, when I wrote that rule I had forgotten about things like television. The original intent was that items with linguistic content should bear the names the author gave them, while items without linguistic content could safely have their names translated. The reasoning is that in a work with linguistic content, the name is part of that content, and anchored to it–the translator may change it substantially when translating the work, so its name in Latin (or any other language) cannot be assumed to follow on from its name in its original language (''Ab Urbe Condita'' does not mean ''History of Rome'', nor does ''Schiffbruch mit Tiger'' mean ''Histoire de Pi''). If the work is without other linguistic content, however, the name doesn't have a context relation to any words in the work, but is either a description or a statement of some kind, neither of which would be expected to change substantially when brought into another language. I wrote the rule poorly, but Secundus Zephyrus has interpreted it in the way it was intended. –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 01:22, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) === video games === Yes, I thought that might have been the case, but then shouldn't [[:Categoria:Ludi computatrales|Ludi computatrales:]] be translated? Because right now they're all in English... -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 00:51, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :The quality of things here is very uneven. I wouldn't take anything on any page here as very strong support for anything anywhere else, but let every case stand on what merits it has itself, and hope those merits spread. –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 01:22, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Ludi Computatrales are a borderline case; they are not, strictly speaking, works of art so not covered by the rules concerning works of art above. (Of course they do incorporate works as part of the program but they are not art per se.) Because they are comercial software programs, however, their names are trademarks. And for trademarks we don't translate the lemma but often provide a translation in parentheses. (Marca mercatoria non vertenda sunt. Quorum etiam, si potes, adde versionem in parenthesi./Trademarks are not to be translated. Here too, if you can, give a translation.)--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:28, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::A note, also, on the particular example of video games: a lot of the English titles are already translated from Japanese...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 04:23, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Do you think they should be in Japanese? And if so, should they be transliterated or not...? Take [[The Legend of Zelda]] for example, should the title of the page actually be "ゼルダの伝説" or "Zeruda no Densetsu" or "The Legend of Zelda" or "Fabula Zeldae"? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 06:27, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::That's exactly what ''I'' would do: use the original title, and if it's in Japanese, so be it! But then, I never write articles about computer games. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:32, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Our rule ad minimum is to always transliterate a name even if we don't translate, which is a common enough rule in all wikipedias, and give the original name in parenthesis. :::::::But again there is actually no clear rule here, only that our custom has been to use the english name of the game as the "translitteration", probably because that the english name also universally used in Europe including Rome, presumably. I think this custom should be kept, since it is quite universal across european wikis, but we also include the original japanese name and a translation in parenthesis.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:13, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ==Xkoski = Xae torrens?== I don't possess the Kalevala Latina, so I cannot say whether this is consistent throughout the book but from what I was given on Tyrjänkoski (Tyrjae torrens) is it possible for places ending in -koski in Finnish to become gen. + torrens in the Finno-Latin declension system (Anjalae Torrens, Imatrae Torrens etc.)? If he does this regularly in the book of course, that is even better. (Of course I could say Tyrjankoskis in the genitive but Tyrjae torrens is much more latin-looking). On this point, we do not yet have an official page for the declension of Finnish names (just a table and various discussions) and there are also Polynesian and Greek systems which are in use but aren't yet linked at TNP. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 17:01, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::''Re: -koski &rarr; -ae torrens'' – I would probably not recommend it on that example alone. The source is, after all, a work of poetry, so poetical concerns may have figured. Also, I don't know if it makes as much a difference in Finnish as it would in, say, English, but ''Anjalankoski'' and ''Imatrankoski'' seem to be written as one word, while the Kalevala, if Google is any judge, has ''Tyrjän koski'' as two (which would certainly have influenced the translation as well). –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 23:27, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I'll try to find another -koski example from the online version and ask Iustinus to look it up in Kalevala Latina. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 23:39, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::The only other is Katrakoski but if he writes ''Katrae torrens'' makes it a consistency at least. I think you're right about Tyrja being a special case (it is not called Tyrjankoski in the English translation, but "falls of Tyrya"). But we shall see. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 23:55, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :Quaeso, Harrissimo, quid est TNP? --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 19:28, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::[[VP:TNP]]. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:30, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). Sure enough, ''Kalevala Latina'' 3.180 (p. 34): ''Kaatra torrens Carelorum''. Muke does have a point, though, about the demands of meter. --[[Usor:Iustinus|Iustinus]] 21:39, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Then I'll keep towns with -koski intact and translate if I am talking about some actual torrents (which will be very rarely in any case). Thanks for searching, <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 21:58, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). == Hi! == Hi Andrew. How would you say: C is the most (numerous)of the languages being spoken? --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 14:55, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ex omnibus aliis linguis in [[Philippinae|Philippinis]] acceptis usitatissima est [[lingua Cebuanensis|Cebuanensis]]. Literally "Of all the other languages spoken in the Philippines, Cebuano is the most used." (In English, inserting the word "other" in this sentence is an illogicality, but in Latin I think it's OK.) That's my first try. I'll put this on the taberna: others will correct me. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:21, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Gratias ago! I 'll be using Ceylon's version to express that 'some people believe it to be so', if you don't mind.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 08:37, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Of course. I simply translated the sentence you gave me, but I suspected you really wanted the other one! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:45, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Novus titulus paginae primae == ex pagina disputationis de Ssolbergj That looks fantastic, Well done! Is it possible to change the 'k' to a 'c'? (A lot of people have been confused by this before and ''Vicipaedia'' is the official name. Thanks, <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 17:44, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :It does look fantastic... sort of... and there's the matter on the c, which Harrisimo has pointed out. But I was wondering (sorry, I've been out lastly)... has there been any discussion on changing it? last time we had a month long discussion on the "new Pagina Prima". And on the image chosen... I think it is misleading (so it was the Capitoline she-wolf) because we're not a Roman but a Latin wiki... sorry to be the bad guy :(--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 18:13, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::But it did need saying, Xaveri. I think the Taberna's the best place for this. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 18:24, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::I don't want to be negative either -- I like it. But I reverted the formula just temporarily, because I feel it's too confusing to have our name misspelt at the top of the pagina prima. But Ssolbergj's work is all still there in the history, ready to be used! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:46, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::The new one is up now... but is everyone happy with Caesar standing there? I don't really know what other sort of symbol you could use to show non-Roman (as well as non-christian) latin. But I'm not complaining myself. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:56, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::::I have no problem with the statue...I mean, this Wiki is based on ''classical'' Latin, right? I don't see why we should be "politically correct" toward other variations of Latin. The question I have is about the photo itself...the photo isn't copyrighted is it? I just wanted to make sure because I know internet copyright laws are strange, and I don't think it would be in our best interest to be sued. -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 21:40, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::The original one is just a normal photograph with a normal non-copyright license[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Julius_Caesar_Coustou_Louvre_MR1798.jpg]. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 22:50, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::Other wikis I've checked don't have an image there, but if an image it is, I like the statue. The ''invitantur'' underneath should be made to reappear though. Incidentally, I've always wondered about the ''Nunc sunt ... paginae.'' This seems a little vague ("Now there are ... pages" - of what?). Wouldn't ''Nunc complectitur ... paginas'' or ''Adhuc habet ... paginas'' be nicer?--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 20:10, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Either of what you suggest would be fine, I think. to me, "Adhuc habet ..." sounds the nicer of the three. By "paginae" we really mean "articles" but there was disagreement about which word bests translates "article"; I think either commentarium or commentatio would be more exact.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:15, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::It is really nice and we have to thank Ssolbergj for his efforts in creating this. However, I wish we could figure out a way to keep the text from getting lost behind the statue--at least that is what is happening for me in firefox and also konqueror. Does that also happen in explorer?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:01, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Re: "Omnes ut contribuant invitantur!"&mdash;Cassell's ait propriam rationem loquendi verbum ''invitare'' esse "invitare hominem ad rem," cuius puto formam passivam esse "homo invitatur ad rem," et nostram igitur invitationem melius esse ''Omnes ad contribuendum invitantur.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 00:58, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) : Ita quidem! Sed interdum ''ut'' finali utitur etiam Cicero (sicut ''de orat.'' 2,75 cum Hannibal ... invitatus esset ab hospitibus suis, ut eum ... audiret). --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 02:11, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) === lupa === O ademptionem! Lupa nostra fuit carissima cordi meo... non mihi est res maximi monenti qua forma lupa habeat, sed multo careo et desidero lupam nostam bellam redditam fore... Nolite me censere errare fallive, imago etaim melior est priori, at iterum dico lupam symbolum esse mihi delicatum.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 06:13, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Nobody else misses our wolf?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 20:59, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Non ego... <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 21:02, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::I like the statue ''and'' the lupa. I think the statue is nice on the pagina prima but too assertive to be used as our logo generally. I've just tried putting the lupa in the "porta eruditionis" box as an experiment. I wonder if the lupa could serve as a logo, e.g. on the porta eruditionis pages (now developing), or perhaps elsewhere in Vicipaedia. I don't want to lose her. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:59, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Breast-feeding little Romans-to-be? How opportune for the ''[[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis|Porta Eruditionis]]'' then ... :)--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:02, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::One of the things about replacing the image of the chalkboard with the wolf is that it doesn't attract visual attention to the Porta... (given the state the Porta is in, that might not be the worst thing... I'm still meaning to hop on that in some form, but the chalkboard was great) --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 07:01, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::I had a similar association ... ;-) &mdash; The wolves? The statue looks good and interesting but it is not a specific symbol for Latin either. Could be a symbol for arts or history as well. I liked the wolves a bit more. A bit. ;-) --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 22:27, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::As Andrew said, the statue is too assertive. And a bit too pompous to my taste. I'm with Ioscius in this matter. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 22:51, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Moi aussi. Servetur nostra lupa! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 00:11, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Si sentient signum Caesaris nimis gloriosum esse, fortasse summum replum(?)(quod dixit Vicipaedia et despectus in mundum monstrat) servare et lupas restituere possumus? Sed incertus sum signum Caesaris absurde esse pomposum. (If you all feel that Caesar's figure is too ostentatious, perhaps we can keep the top bar (that says Vicipaedia and looks onto the world) and restore the she-wolfs beneath? But I am not sure that the symbol of Caesar is inappropriately pompous.) --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:51, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Coram me mihi placet quomodo pagina prima nunc apparet signo Caesaris supra et lupa in loco Portae Eruditionis. (Personally it pleases me how the pagina prima now appears with Caesar's figure above and the shewolf in the Porta Eruditionis.)--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:00, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::I very much like the top bar, it looks great. What about trying the same thing, but with one she wolf in place of the statue? I agree that the statue is a bit too pompous. Nam haud sumus imperatores, immo sumus statu aequales, paresque officio!--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 07:01, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::Alia possibilitas est lupis supra uti et signo Caesaris infra in loco Portae Eruditionis. Caesar, quod sub lupis sit, non tantum pomposum videtur.(Another possibility is to use the she-wolfs above and the figure of Caesar below in the Porta Eruditionis. Caesar, because he would be below the she-wolfs, would not appear so pompous. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:24, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::::I have just reverted the she-wolf being put in the top corner because it is not transparent like Caesar (and so it didn't look very good). If somebody knows how and can tell me, maybe I can make it so. Of course, I won't mind if somebody wishes to re-revert - it just looks bad (sententiā meā). <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 22:46, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::::::::: I agree that it did not look too good. In order to make the background of the she-wolf image transparent, it would be necessary to edit the image using an image editing program and to reupload it to commons under a different name. --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:04, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::::::Is it possible to make it transparent through Inkscape? That and Microsoft paint are the only editors I know my way around. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 23:19, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::Egomet censeo et sine imagine iucunde atque summa aequabilitate vivi posse, praesertim cum et ceterae Wikipediae sigla nationalia eaque in prima pagina posita respuere videantur. Semper autem custodiat lupa quasi alma mater Eruditionis portam!--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 06:53, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Ita, et optimum locum statuae praebebit pagina [[Gaius Iulius Caesar|imperatori]] nostro dedicata. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 14:02, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Just a thought: What about a dog as a mascot? Might be a better symbol for our Latin than Caesar ...--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:25, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Please explain the special relation between dogs and Latin :-) Why not rabbits or butterflys?--[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 22:35, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::: Maybe [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_Latin dog Latin]? &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''':&ndash;)''' &nbsp;&nbsp;--[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 22:57, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Ouch--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 23:02, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) === commentarium/commentatio === For my part, since what we write comes nothing close to ''De Bello Gallico'', what we write are more ''commentationes'' . . . --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 06:07, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == 18,000 == Si recte aestimo, pagina (vel commentatio) numero 18,000 fuit "[[Sinus Guantanamus]]", a Rafaele incepta. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:01, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Statiunitensis == In commentariis de [[Stephanus Colbert|Stephano Colbert]] et [[Ioannes Stewart|Ioanne Stewart]], noster 141.213.161.210 declarat verbum ''Statiunitensis'' esse accommodatum ad hanc encyclopaediam. Secundum capsam "quaerere," verbum non invenitur alibi in Vicipaedia. Quid putatis vos? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:12, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :''Statunitensis'' (slight difference of spelling) appears at [[Arabia Saudiana]] and [[Disputatio:SCDI]], so Google tells me. It also appears at [[Cinematographia]], though Google failed to spot it there. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:19, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::De [[Arabia Saudiana]], Google tibi mentitum est. In disputatione de SCDI, vide quaestionem: "'Statunitensis gubernatio et Statunitenses sanitariae ordinationes'? Quod significat hoc mirabile verbum?" IacobusAmor 16:41, 29 Maii 2007 (UTC)" Ha! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 01:25, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::"Statunitense" is the italian word for "american" (from "stati uniti"), like "estadounidense" in spanish (from "estados unidos"). So "Statunitense" fits right in with people calling the US "Uniti Status"). ::One point of view, therefore, is that the preference for the form derived from the Romance languages is understandable because "Americanus" will always suffer from the trouble that "America" is also the name of the rest of the Western Hemisphere. ::Yet most people in romance speaking countries only use "Americano" to only mean "cives CFA" anyway, and use a longer phrase to mean the continent and peoples of the Americas. Thus another point of view is that "Status Uniti" really is awful latin for CFA and let just stick with our guns and insist on decent latin, running roughshod over those clinging to their romance language preconceptions.:)--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:46, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::And further, what do south Americans call themselves? Does a guy from Columbia call himself a Columbian or an Americano/sud Americano? A guy from El Salvador Americano or Salvadoreno? North America too... I've never once heard a Canadian call himself American. In English, American can be a substantive for a CFAer, or, if in a different context, an adjective defining a more specific geonym. I agree with Rafael this is a somewhat silly question (though it's not the first time it's been raised), and with all who think that to use a form based off Stati Uniti (from which I personally spent HOURS ridding Vicipaedia...) is barbaric.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 20:59, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Hear hear. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 21:07, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::Well, instead of ''Status uniti'' one could use ''civitates foederatae''. In English as in other languages, there is the solution of "US-American", but this is somewhat difficult to render in Latin. As far as I know, in international organisations, in English, they do not say American but US: US-GDP and so on. I also know of some Americans (outside US), who do not want the term "American" for "US". --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 23:08, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == "Platica" == Does this word exist in Latin? There is a Spanish word, ''plática'', that means "conversation", and Royal Spanish Academy's Dictionary says that [http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=plática it comes from Latin "platica"]. Though, I have never seen this word in Latin. May it be a Greek loanword? --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 21:47, 24 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) : Tried to look in Corominas' diccionario etimológico but there was no entry for ''platica''. Nevertheless, let me venture a guess. If ''platica'' comes from Greek, the appropriate word would be (adj.) ''platikós'' which means both 'general' and 'detailed', depending on context; e.g. platike exegesis 'detailed explanation'. ''Platicus'' occurs in late Latin as an astrological term, meaning 'general, non respiciens partes minores'. In medieval manuscripts, ''platicus'' tends to be confused with ''placitus'', which may indicate something more than only a mechanic lapsus calami. So, maybe ''platica'' has resulted, in Hispano-Latin, from a contamination of the two, Greek giving the form, and Latin ''placitum'', the meaning. However, this is all very speculative. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 23:55, 24 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :: Lewis & Short give [http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059;layout=;query=entry%3D%2336601;loc=pla%5Eti%5Ece_1 platice] as a post-classical word derived from the Greek. (And of course the Grecizing -e corresponds to a standard Latin -a). –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 03:47, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Maximas gratias vobis ago pro explicatione. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 08:24, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Littera "K" == I was recently viewing the page for Tokyo ([[Tocio]]) and followed the link [[bursa]], which had a link back to Tocio as Tokii which (besides the incorrect form of the word) brings up the question of whether or not to utilize "K" in city and other place names. I realize that the letter was rarely, if ever, used by speakers of Latin, and would like to posit that links either Latinize every place name or, like with authors, artists, et cetera, leave the name the way it was. :In accommodating combinations spelled ''ke'' and ''ki'' in their original languages (or in their usual romanized transliterations), any Latinization that uses ''ce'' and ''ci'' is ill-advised because it forces people who speak "church Latin" into mispronunciation, and these may well be the majority of Latin-speakers today (though perhaps not forever). Let's tinker as little as possible with alien proper names! ''K'' is a productive letter in modern Latin. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:52, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Indeed. The objections the Romans raised against ''K'' was only that it was superfluous, having the same force of C. In a world where that's no longer necessarily the case, well... –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 03:30, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::I beg to disagree. K in Latin played about the same role as Digamma or Qoppa in Greek: It was an archaic and obsolete letter, mostly reserved for writing ''kalendae''. Significantly, it was not used for integrating foreign words into Latin (in contrast to Y and Z): Κύπρος was translitterated as ''Cyprus''. That's why this wiki was called ''Vicipaedia'' I suppose. As for pronunciation, every Latinist knows that in classical Latin C was pronounced K. If some people consciously choose ecclestiastical pronunciation instead, I don't think pronouncing ''Tocio'' like ''Totchio'' is more objectionable than pronouncing ''civis'' like ''tchivis''.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 08:19, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Re: ''It was an archaic and obsolete letter, mostly reserved for writing ''kalendae''.'' So I thought, but ''supervacua'' is the deprecating epithet applied to K (and sometimes Q) by several grammarians including Priscian ("K quidem penitus supervacua est [...] "Carthago" enim et "caput", sive per C sive per K scribantur, nullam faciunt nec in sono nec in potestate eiusdem consonantis differentiam"); the only other reason I find offhand goes with a rule (such as that given by Quintilian) that K is only used in words it is an abbreviation for; Velius Longus says ''qui K expellunt, notam dicunt esse magis quam litteram''. ::::::Re: ''Significantly, it was not used for integrating foreign words into Latin'': Isidore asserts the exact opposite of that advice: ''Omnia autem Graeca nomina qualicumque sequente vocali per K sunt scribenda.'' (And of course the Phoenician ''Karthago'' was often spelled with K, as Priscian implies above.) A ''preference'' for C is certainly of Roman date, but I think the universal use of ''C'' instead of ''K'' is a relatively recent invention. —[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 00:50, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Is there a reason why caput is sometimes spelled with a K? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 01:15, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::Re "K in Latin played."&mdash;That was then; this is now. ''K'' never died, and it sometimes reappeared in medieval texts where classical texts had ''C'': I've seen the word ''karitas'' (not ''caritas'') in many medieval MSS. Alongside the classical tendency to use ''C'' for the sound of the velar unvoiced stop stands another principle, perhaps the larger one: that Latinization should disturb non-Latin proper names as little as possible. We often see that concern here, as when we agree not to Latinize surnames de novo. ¶ As for the usefulness of helping church Latinists not mispronounce foreign proper names, it may be relevant that linguists use /k/, not /c/, for the sound of the velar unvoiced glottal. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:39, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Audite, audite! (Hear, hear!) Ceterum haec quoque dici possunt de littera "W" --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 19:38, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Quid? Nonne hankke litteram valde utilem produktivamque et ad verba Latina skribenda adhibeamus, ne quis ea more ekklesiastiko pronuntiet? :)--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:03, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::[http://209.85.165.104/search?q=cache:hMdMjn74_CgJ:www.math.utep.edu/Faculty/helmut/resource/ZeDrem.pdf+ze+drem+vil&hl=la&ct=clnk&cd=6&gl=us&client=firefox-a Ze drem vil finali kum tru!] --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 22:53, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Rideo!! -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 04:11, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) So how should we be translating and writing in Latin? Should we follow the Ancient Romans or the Latin of the Middle Ages (and/or "Curch Latin")? I am in favor of altering place names as little as possible, but I also understand that this is extremely difficult for most places, as the Romans either didn't know about their names or didn't care, and also in the sense that this wiki has already been dubbed ''Vi''c''ipaedia''. My belief is that the names should be recognizable to people with little understanding of the language, how this wiki works, or those who cannot find what they are looking for (as a sidenote, I had particular difficulty in locating [[Sicagum|Chicago]]), not only for ease, but also out of respect for other cultures. I suppose that, at the very least, the modern names of the place can be found on the page as well as at the top of the "Quarere". [[Usor:Sapiens23|Sapiens23]] 22:58, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Re "I suppose that, at the very least, the modern names of the place can be found on the page as well as at the top of the "Quarere"."&mdash;I argued for this some time ago, because (as your plight with [[Sicagum|Chicago]] shows) having an indigenous name on a page in addition to the Latin one will assist people using the Quaerere box to find articles; but the prevailing consensus, if I recall correctly, rejected this argument. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:50, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I wasn't aware of such a consensus. I would always put the "original"/relevant/local/current name on the page, along with whatever Latin name we choose; it's sure to be helpful. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:13, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I've been considering this question and putting together notes on how to solve them (still not much productive to show, yet). Of course ''for the encyclopedia'' the correct answer is that a word is treated as foreign (and unaltered, save for transliteration) unless it's already been written about elsewhere in Latin, in which case we should use that spelling (or the best spelling, if there are many options). To deviate from this rule is both to violate NPOV and become The Encyclopedia That Makes Things Up—dreadful fates indeed. As for difficulty in finding, I understand that when the Latin name differs from the common or native one, redirects are encouraged (and I'll put one in for [[Chicago]] just now.) —[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 00:50, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Gratias maximas tibi ago, Muci --[[Usor:Sapiens23|Sapiens23]] 15:55, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) If we were to apply a commonly cited principle&mdash;that we should call people by the names they themselves prefer&mdash;then perhaps we'd refer to Charlemagne as Karolus! Vide:[[Fasciculus:Charlemagne autograph.svg|thumb|100px|left|Monogramma imperatoris Caroli Magni]] [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:50, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::If his biographer Einhard is to be trusted, Charlemagne was virtually illiterate - so this spelling was chosen for him rather than by him. Nor was Latin his mother tongue; his actual name was something like ''Karl''. But since the rules say we should use historical Latinisations where they exist, I would not have a problem with ''Karolus'' as long as we keep a redirect.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 18:20, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Cardinal points == Viciaepaedia so far offers a welter of unsystematic terms for the sixteen most usually cited points of the compass.<br> (1) Could someone provide a standard, systematic set of terms for them? I list the desired ones here: ::North ::North-northeast ::Northeast ::East-northeast ::East ::East-southeast ::Southeast ::South-southeast ::South ::South-southwest ::Southwest ::West-southwest ::West ::West-northwest ::Northwest ::North-northwest :For the more complicated ones (e.g., ''north-northeast''), English has a fuller expression (e.g., ''north by northeast''); is that a clue as to how the Latin idiom works?<br> (2) What's the Latin idiom for statements of the pattern "A is/lies [a certain distance] north of B"? It's especially useful in statements about where villages lie in relation to cities and where little islands lie in relation to big islands. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:22, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :In [[Index geographicus#Regiones caeli]] are some examples from Latin texts for "regiones caeli". --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 17:37, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::''North'', translated either borealis (north star) or septentriones (big dipper), :::from Traupmann we have the following idioms: to the north/northward = in septentriones versus or simply septentriones versus; on the north side = a septentrionibus :::other possibilities (I think I have seen): towards the north = ad septentriones, or simply accusative depending on the verb, northerly direction: ad septentrionalem partem, a septentrionibus = from the north ::''South'', translated as either meridies (in the northern hemisphere because it means the midday sun) or auster (south wind) generally ::''East'' translated as orientis ::''West'' translated as occidens ::For the other intermediate directions I believe that the romans had separate words standing for the various winds in the sea south of italy: Africus = southwest, Argestes, west-southwest, etc., etc.. Nowadays I don't think these would apply too well. What did the medieval sailors say? This is an important topic, I hope to hear more and will look into it more too!--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:38, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Thanks for these terms, but let a comment on "North" stand for a comment on all of them: if that's all Traupmann says, he's failed, because he hasn't told us how to say 'Estonia is north of Latvia'. ''Estonia est in Latviae septentrionibus? Estonia est in septentrionibus Latviensibus? Estonia est in septentrionibus ab Latvia?'' (My guess would be the last, but guessing isn't always the best way to go, and maybe some idiom not suggested here would be the best one.) The question remains: what's the idiom? And the secondary question remains: how do we say 'A is north-northeast of B'? Worldwide, the old Latin uses of Mediterranean & southern European winds is irrelevant. There ought to be a systematic way of referring to the sixteen listed points of the compass. Surely sailors in the renaissance and later had some convenient way of naming them? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 19:05, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Yes I see and I agree that the the rennaisance sailors must have recorded directions in their stories so the thing to do is find out what they used. My own guess would have been to translate it as "Estonia iacet in septentrionibus Latviae." But, indeed, it would be immensely more satisfactory to see what people actually would say back then.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:45, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::For the wanted pattern, 'A lies [X miles] north of B', I've found a model sentence for everything but the compass-point: ''Milia passuum tria ab eorum castris castra ponit'' 'He pitches his camp three miles from theirs' (Caes. ''B.G.,'' 1.22.5); that might give us ''A iacet milia passuum X ab Y'' 'A lies X miles from Y'. Then would the direction be after a preposition or just in the bare ablative? Using 'north': ''A iacet milia passuum X [a/in] septentrionibus ab Y'' 'A lies X miles north of Y'. Is that the idiom? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 21:27, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Still no answer here but I did run into this on the web with useful citations: http://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/septentrio :::::::--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:03, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Still no answer but I wanted to add the following relavent snippet from Traupman, who gives the following sentence and translation: "It is north of Canada, which borders the united States on the north. "--"Est supra Canadam, quae attingit Civitates Foederatas Americae a septentrione."Still looking for a source to answer your question....--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:28, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::OK, that (with a correction to ''attingit'') can work for 'north', and then ''infra'' can work for 'south', but how do you say 'Montreal is east-northeast of Ottawa'?! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 03:59, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) (corrected attinguit->attingit above--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 10:49, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC)) :::::::::Is there nothing in Ainsworth, Iacobe? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 03:45, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::::::::It gives the winds, as I listed months ago, but then we're stuck with terms like ''Boreas Scythicus'' for 'northeast' and ''Boreas Thracias'' for 'north-northwest', and what do Scythia and Thrace have to do with Canada? and we're still not using a set of terms as systematic as the English one (as listed above). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 03:59, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Well, let me try. Taking no stand to word order, one kind of basic (maximal) pattern would look as follows: '''A, ''iacet'', [MENSURA_ACC], ad PLAGA_ACC, ab B_ABL'''. E.g., ''Estonia'' [''complures passús''] ''ab Latvia iacet ad septentriones'' (''ad septentrionum plagam''). But depending on how much info is given in the sentence, on the verbs used (e.g. ''abest'', ''constituit'', &c.), etc., the MENSURA may also be in ablative. Maximal patterns very rarely occur in running texts, so there are surely many textually sensible ways of giving this kind of information in pieces. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 03:52, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Thanks; that's good to know. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 04:15, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Hardly anyone writes about going northeast in latin I suppose. Along the way however, I found that the expression "ad septentrionalem plagam" using the adjectival form is the most common, and I found a couple of instances of phrases like "ad septentrionalem plagam Oxoniae" meaning "on the north side of Oxon" where the point of reference is in the genetive rather than with ab+abl.I was thinking maybe Gilbert might be the source to look at but I have to visit the library for that..--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 11:26, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Results of this discussion could be put into [[ventus]], where there is also a part on ''regiones ventorum''. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 11:47, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Hmmm. I found the following spanish/french adjective: "septentrio-orientales"; which may suggest how the medieval latin term was.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 11:49, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::In addition I found 1 external attestation for septentrio-orientalis in a Papal decree and two articles from Vicipaedia.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 12:04, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::From various latin sources on the web mostly papal decrees but also this [http://books.google.com/books?id=w0hZvTFJUioC&pg=PA203&dq=per+austro-occidentalis&sig=QNegfFS7zsbRHQ7r7O828G3pgSQ ::very useful book on botanical latin], it I get the following terms: septentrio-orientalis, meridio-orientalis, austro-orientalis; from this pattern we can form septentrio-occidentalis, boreo-occidentalis, austro-occidentalis. ::The book also has an example of usage: "Habitat in parte regionis mediterraneae austro-occidentali, praecipue in Hispania centrali et Lusitania meridionali, ubi occidentem versus abundat."->"It occurs in the south-western part of the Mediterranian region, especially in central Spain and southern Portugal, where towards the west it abounds." --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 12:22, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::How now to translate south-south-west --austro-austro-occidentalis ?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 12:23, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Is it really necessary to use a system of 16 directions? Do other wikipedias really say e.g. ''Luton is north-north-east of London''? I think it unlikely that any medieval sailors conversed in Latin. If so they would probably have used the winds (SE Vulturnus, SW Africus, S Auster, NE Aquilo, NW Caurus, N Boreas, E Subsolanus, W Zephyrus). For the 8 principal directions, Georges suggests: ::::SE - inter meridiem et ortum solis (spectare) ::::SW - inter occasum brumalem et meridiem (spectare) ::::NE - inter ortum solis et septemtriones (spectare) ::::NW - inter septemtriones et occasum solis (spectare) :::::These are clear, but exceedingly cumbersome, and they still don't accommodate NNE, ENE, ESE, SSE, SSW, WSW, WNW, and NNW. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:28, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::It is odd, though, that constructions of the type 'A is East / West / North / South of B' seem to be so hard to find in literature. A typical example is Varro, who says ''Asia iacet ad meridiem et austrum, Europa ad septemtriones et aquilonem'', implying the position of the speaker as the point of reference. Thus, we would probably have to say ''Luton'' (what's the Latin for Luton anyway?) ''iacet inter'' (or: ad) ''plagas orientalem et septemtrionalem Londinii''?--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 12:48, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::According to the English wikipedia, Luton does ''not'' lie northeast of London: it lies "32 miles (51 kilometres) ''north'' of London" (emphasis added). In other words (some readers might speculate), if you start in London and walk somewhere between NNW and NNE according to the compass, you'll get to Luton. ¶ Whatever we do, we should avoid what the nation of Papua New Guinea has done: its Western Highlands lie eastward of its Southern Highlands and mostly north of its Eastern Highlands, most of its West Sepik Province lies east of a substantial part of its East Sepik Province, its Central Province is in the extreme southeast of New Guinea Island, and its Northern Province lies in almost the extreme ''south'' of the country (and entirely east of its Western Province). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:28, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::It depends from where in London you start. In any case, never forget to look up from your compass when crossing the M25 :)--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 15:25, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Using the Botanical latin construction and the example given by Iacobus and Neander above, we can say the same thing: ''Luton iacet 40 chiliometra ad plagam boreo-occidentalem Londinii'' -> ''Luton lay 40 kilometers to the northwest of london.''--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:30, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Here is an attested version closer to Ceylon's more classical usage: Pliny IV 16 30 ex adverso huius situs (the Low Countries) Britannia insula inter septentrionem et occidentem iacet, Germaniae Galliae Hispaniae magno intervalle adversa" from Investigations Representing the Departments: Greek, Latin, Comparative ..by University of CHicago.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:41, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::From all this (above), we may conclude that the ancients didn't have a need for the universally standard directions that maps for centuries now have been training us to imagine, as with the coordinates of latitude & longitude, given by GPS signals nowadays with unbelievable precision. So Cicero's Latin didn't have a need for sixteen compass points, but ''ours'' does! And what shall we use for them? ¶ The most important wind in the Pacific is none of the classical winds: it's the ''tradewind'' (''trade wind, trade-wind''), which blows generally from the northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere, but has particular variants. The standard Sāmoan-English dictionary, for example, defines the Sāmoan term ''toʻelau'' as "Prevailing easterly winds which blow from north-east through east to east-south-east from May to October and are commonly known as trade-winds." Note the use of this ''easterly'' to include directions varying from NE to ESE. Is there a Latin equivalent to that vagueness (''northerly, easterly, southerly, westerly,'' as opposed to the precision of ''north, east, south, west'')? And how should we translate ''tradewind'' anyway? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:28, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Would we be better advised to avoid the classical winds altogether? Note that Varro (cited above) seems to distinguish between ''meridiem et austrum,'' but how?! Would using the actual degrees of the compass work? ("A lies roughly 30 kilometers and 16 degrees from B.") Too bad we can't use clockfaces the way English-speakers do: "A is at two o'clock (from B)!" [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:39, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Borealis and australis literally refer to the winds while septentrionalis and meridionalis refer to the north stars and the sun. However, both terms became universally used for the directions themselves. Meridionalis doesn't make sense in the southern hemisphere because the midday sun is north.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:22, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::Do we really need NNE etc.? Can't we make do with eight compass points, such as NE etc.? If not, any translation with a claim to instinctive intelligibility would have to be rather unwieldy (like ''potius ad septemtriones vergit quam ad orientem'' et sim.). Concerning Varro, he seems to have used ''meridies et austrus'' as synonyms here.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 15:25, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Most often we don't have to be so technical and ordinary, less precise locutions will do, but to the address what is a legitimate need for some concepts as Iacobus indicated above here is my attempt to adapt the Botanical latin expressions to suit. Indicating direction we could say "to the north" as ad borealem or ad borealem plagam or ad borealem versus etc. So in that sense we can write: * North—ad borealem * North-northeast—inter borealem et boreo-orientalem <-> ad borealem-boreo-orientalem * Northeast—ad boreo-orientalem * East-northeast—inter orientalem et boreo-orientalem<-> ad orientalem-boreo-orientalem * East—ad orientalem * East-southeast—inter orientalem et austro-orientalem * Southeast—ad austro-orientalem * South-southeast—inter australem et austro-orientalem<->ad australem-austro-orientalem * South—ad australem * South-southwest—inter australem et austro-occidentalem<->ad australem-austro-occidentalem * Southwest—ad austro-occidentalem * West-southwest—inter occidentalem et austro-occidentalem<->ad occidentalem-austro-occidentalem * West—ad occidentalem * West-northwest—inter occidentalem et boreo-occidentalem<-> ad occidentalem-boreo-occidentalem * Northwest—ad boreo-occidentalem * North-northwest—inter borealem et boreo-occidentalem<-> ad borealem-boreo-occidentalem --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:39, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :And of course there are the suitable substitutions for north and south: septentrionalem and meridionalem. And depending on the expression one can substitute the noun itself for the adjective form. I just didn't want to write too much.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:48, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) === exemplum === In commentario [[Uvea]], videmus hanc sententiam: "Uvea iacet 240 km in aquilone Futunae et Alofiorum." In the light of our discussion, how do we suggest fixing it? For a similar kind of opening (that is, with fuller variants listed after the commonest version), though it doesn't involve the glottal-stop question, see [[Maria Guyart]]. This way of listing variants seems quite in keeping with what Vicipaedia has been doing all along. Therefore, with [[ʻOkina]] (vide "Glottal-stop question" infra), perhaps we should make the changeover to option (2). Let's leave it for a couple of days and see what (if anything) various others propose. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 19:18, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :In this case I think we can do it precisely and succintly: "Uvea iacet 240 km ad boreo-orientem Futunae et Alofiorum." or vaguer, longer, more colloquial, and perhaps nicer: "Uvea iacet 240 km inter septentriones et orientem versus ab Futuna et Alofiis." --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:06, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Since your sentence is pretty close to what Pliny tried to say, I would venture: ''Uvea insula 240 fere chiliometra abest a Futuna et Alofiis, sita inter septentriones et solis ortum.''--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 21:23, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Yes I think your version is nicer. Less precise, more colloquial, more concrete, in latin is nicer. The more precise expression from botanical latin admittedly hurts the eyes a bit, and the ears.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:08, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I gather the 'botanical' style will come in handy when directions are needed in attributive (as opposed to predicative) form: ''Africa austro-occidentalis'' is more practical than ''ea Africae pars quae ad meridiem solisque occasum spectat''.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 06:52, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::According to the book Botanical Latin, I think that is how the botanical nomenclature was originally intended. Although that same nomenclature could be adapted to navigation purposes, perhaps like what I described above, to translate phrases like ''X is a wind moving south-southwest at 50km/h.''-> ''X est ventus qui inter plagas australem et austro-occidentalem 50km/h afflat.''--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:40, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Privateer == What's the Latin for ''[[:en:privateer|privateer]]''? Thank you in advance./¿Cómo se dice ''[[:es:corsario|corsario]]'' en latín? Gracias de antemano--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:01, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Morgan Adumbratio gives: ::corsair, privateer (government authorized pirate or harasser of enemy ships) cursarius, i+ m. (Ducange; Niermeyer; Latham; Ducrue 258: "accidit enim frequentissime ut illae orae maritimae continuis Africanorum excursionibus infestentur. Hos inter cursarios etiam praedictae naves fuere") :--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:55, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Glottal-stop question == Polynesian (and other) languages have a consonant usually described as a glottal stop. The Hawaiian (and now English) word for it is ''ʻokina.'' Would Vicipaedians prefer to see an article on it starting (1) "'''ʻOkina''' est. . . ." or (2) "'''Okina,''' subtilius '''ʻokina,''' est. . . ."? That is, should this consonant always be kept in Latin transliterations? or should it be cited only as a more precise alternative? Naturally, it occurs in placenames, so the problem is unavoidable. So far, as I've been experimenting, it seems reasonable to ignore the indigenous ''macron,'' since Latin itself (pace nostro Avito) tended to ignore its own long vowels, but possibly to keep the ʻokina, because it's a specific phoneme, often required to distinguish between words (for example, Samoan ''loʻu'' 'my' vs. ''lou'' 'your'). And since the Hawaiian alphabet has only thirteen letters (not the twenty-six of the standard modern roman alphabet), it seems a shame to deprive it of even one of them! Of course if we decide to keep the ʻokina, somebody will have to go back & change ''Havaii'' to ''Havaiʻi'' in numerous places. ¶ This question is not without an important practical implication: any word that starts with an ʻokina and turns up in an automatically alphabetized list (as happens with categoriae) is going to be grouped with other such words at the ''end'' of the alphabet. You can check this yourself in Categoria:Linguistica. That might be a good argument for option (2) above. Another one would be that the old Roman writers would almost certainly have ignored the glottal stop, and they may not even have noticed it when they heard it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 16:27, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I would think that (2) is the superior alternative for precisely the reasons you list above. I can't think of any harm that would come from adopting (2) but there are a couple of instances of harm /annoyance that would result from (1), especially if such a practice were extended to languages like korean(with a silent consonant) and chinese(with many characters for the same sound and complicated accents). I guess the standard should be: what would a normal writer do when writing day to day to fellow latin colleagues who don't necessary know much about a topic.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:57, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Rafael, in line with your thinking, I've experimentally recast the article [[Uvea]] to match the pattern of (2) above, by getting rid of the initial glottal stop and thereby making Vicipaedia's machinery alphabetize the name under U, not after Z. Will others give a thought to whether "'''Uvea,''' accuratius '''ʻUvea'''" is the best practice for these names? There are nontrivial numbers of them in Oceania! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:50, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::It seems nice to me the way you did it. (The problem, by the way, with Chinese names can be quite severe. Because of the problem, the last couple of years the physics journals in the US allowing Chinese authors to include their names in character form within parentheses in the author list.) --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:12, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Littera S Latina == Do you have any linguistic source for the statement that Latin S had a palatalized sound (like in Spanish and North Italian)? Gratias! --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 18:39, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I found the following website listing the pronunciations with some references: http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Latin/Grammar/Latin-Pronunciation-Syllable-Accent.html :However, I remember someone once recommended [http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/latinlanguage/qt/latinpronounce.htm Vox Latina: A Guide to the Pronunciation of Classical Latin] as an authoritative resource on pronunciation.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:29, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Thank you! --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 13:22, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I really don't think Spanish has got a palatalized S. Probably American one has. --[[Usor:Daniel bg|Daniel bg]] 11:09, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Maybe that fonetically it is not the proper expression, but traditionally it is said that Castilian Spanish has a palatalized S that sounds like between the English "s" and "sh" sound, just like in many other European languages (Greek, Finnish, Dutch, Swedish, etc.). --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 13:22, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Having seen some spanish movies I can verify the s spoken by Castillians is somewhat between an sh and an s; pronunciations vary by region however. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:28, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Exactly, though it is not an exclusive property of Castillian Spanish, there are also regions is Mexico where it is pronounced between s and sh, and also I think in Perú and Ecuador it is pronounced like that (it is said, because those areas where the center of Spanish Colonial Imperium and the most educated people from Castille were taken there). --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 17:06, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::I'm confused now... how do I pronounce the ''s'' if it is not <nowiki>[s]</nowiki>?--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:11, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Xaverius: Exactamente como tú la pronuncias en Madrid, es la [s] palatalizada (más correctamente: apicoalveolar), que obviamente difiere de la [s] predorsodental que se pronuncia en francés e inglés, aunque no llega a articularse como {{IPA|[ ʃ ]}} (sh del inglés). --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 18:19, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) The /s/ used in Spain is usually referred to as "apical," meaning that it is made with the very tip of the tongue (IPA [s&#826;]). It's not palatal, though it does have a sound somewhat similar to the alveolo-palatal [ ʃ]. --[[Usor:Iustinus|Iustinus]] 21:34, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I have never noticed any difference between the /s/ from Spain and elsewhere... I'll try to pay mor atention next time. I knew that the /d/ in Castillian Spanish is different from /d/ elsewhere.<s>--[[Specialis:Conlationes/129.67.125.130|129.67.125.130]] 22:48, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC)</s>--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 22:53, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::It depends also on the individual perception. Probably you aren't able to hear the difference because you pronounce it this way. But a person who pronounces the "s" like in English or French, or American Spanish, will note the difference between their and your pronunciation. :) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 09:18, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I'll ask my mexicans friends here in Oxford.... to see if i have a different [s]!--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:14, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == De pagina prima == Videtisne paginas primas aliarum Wikipediarum? Nostra Vicipaedia facile est omnium pulchrissima.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:17, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ita vero, recte dices, Rafael!--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:09, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Ita... usque ab commutatione quam fecimus aestivo proxumo, sine dubio puto nostram paginam primam pulcherrimam esse. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 20:08, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Translatio == Estne res similis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Translation/Ref pro latina Vicipaedia? [[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 02:20, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Numquam vidi similem hic. Mea sententia hic raro creant paginam quae absolute est translatio integra paginae aliae linguae.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:48, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Possum uti Anglicam?[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 02:51, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Quippe potes lingua anglica uti...--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:00, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Minime, possum uti Anglicum Templatum(??)?[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 03:06, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::? ? Si lingua anglica no potes loqui, qua lingua potes? If you do not speak english, which language can you speak?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:57, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::No I speak English what I ment was that I wasn't aking if I could comunicate in English I think it better that it be in Latin so that those who don't speak English may know Latin can understand. What I meant was that Anglicam in "Possum uti Amglicam" (and now I realize I left out the -ne I'm not sure if "Quippe potes lingua anglica uti..." was a joke) was a substantive meaning the English Template. I tried it and it didn't work but it is rather simple and I'll simply do what it was intended to be in the Article without a template.[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 04:09, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::I have trouble understanding both your english and latin. "Quippe potes lingua anglica uti" means "Certainly you can use the english language". "Possum uti Amglicam" makes no sense. It means "I can make use english something". Although, given your english sentences above, I'm not sure you can uderstand what I am writing right now...What is your native language?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:16, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::My native Language is English. I know that "Possum uti Anglicam" means "I can use English something". But the Question mark should have indicated I meant "Possumne uti Anglicam" Which means "Can I use the English Something?" The Something in this case is the English template which I asked about in the first comment. Since I asked if there was a Latin one I thought it would make sense to use a substantive since in Enlgish I could easily have said "Can I use the English one?" And I don't know the Latin word for Template. I wasn't sure if The Template would cross over the language pages. So, I was asking litterally if I was capable of using it. But I tried and it didn't work. However, it is easy to simply write in what the template does since it creates a Simple Line of text with a Bullet point before it.[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 04:35, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::::Utor means "I serve myself" I "Possumne uti Anglicam" is totally ungrammatical. "Possumne anglica re uti" would at least be grammatically correct meaning "Can I use an english thing" or literally "Can I serve myself with an english thing." Anyway you can simply indicate the source you are using as a source at the bottom of the page in question and accomplish the same thing as what you template would do. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:51, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::After rereading the exchange I figured out what you are asking: Can you use the english template? I guess the answer is: I suppose so, if you create one, but given your beginner's knowledge of latin why don't you just try your best in creating an article and put a <nowiki>{{tiro}}</nowiki> template on it. No offense, but probably someone is going to have to completely rewrite what you contribute anyway. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:27, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::::Sorry I realize now that utor, uti takes the Ablative. That was probably a cause for confusion. Well, I have translated a rather small article about a Catholic Saint from the English page which I could get up some time tommorrow. If you want you could take a look at it and tell me if you think it is worth me attempting anything more. [[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 05:11, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::::Never mind I realize that although it is a some what common practice, the GFDL license's terms cannot be followed concerning translations for wikipedia as the history page for the previous Article cannot be dupicated within wikipedia. So, the issue is moot. :::::::::::::Where does it say that if you translate an article you have to attach a new copy of the translated page's history? It seems obvious to me that a translation isn't a copy. Also ever hear of making a link? If there was an issue would wikipedia have a project dedicated to translating its pages?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 08:08, 1 Februarii 2008 (UTC) == Licentiae == Cogito necesse esse mutare "Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" exscripsisse. NOLI OPERIBUS SUB IURE DIVULGANDI UTI SINE POTESTATE!" ut conplectat copyleft(nescio Latinam) licentias quod volo facere illud ac legale est.[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 02:43, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ubi leges hanc rem?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:52, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Ah. Iam vidi hoc in parte paginae infera. Quo modo/cur vis specialiter ea verba mutare?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:56, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I'm goona put this in English because I don't don't the Latin for copyright but how about a Lain equivalent of "You agree that you are not violating copyright laws and to publish you content under GFDL."[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 03:23, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Right now it says NOLI OPERIBUS SUB IURE DIVULGANDI UTI SINE POTESTATE!->"don't use works under copyright unless you have permission" Why is this not sufficient? We do not wish to publish original content so that GDFL is irrelevant.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:51, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Quod quoque inquit, "Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" exscripsisse." => "And also you promise yourself to be the actual first author of these words, or to be writing from a work in the Public Domain." Si utor litteras in copyleft Licentia ast quae sunt de Justo Uso, mentior. Vero, GDFL est alienus de his litteris. Non contemplavi id esse super, cogito.[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 04:25, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Could you rewrite this in english?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:30, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Because it also says, "Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" exscripsisse." => "And also you promise yourself to be the actual first author of these words, or to be writing from a work in the Public Domain." If I use a work in a Copyleft License or which is Fair Use, then I'm lying. Yes, the GDFL is irrevlevant to this statement. I think I didn't notice that it was above [the text I was refering to].[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 04:41, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Sorry the de in "quae sunt de Justo Uso" shouldn't have been there I think I rewrote the sentence and never removed it. :::::::::Right now the whole text says:"Nota bene omnia contributa divulgari sub GNU Free Documentation License (vide singula apud Vicipaedia:Verba privata). Nisi vis verba tua crudelissime recenseri, mutari, et ad libidinem redistribui, noli ea submittere.Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" exscripsisse. NOLI OPERIBUS SUB IURE DIVULGANDI UTI SINE POTESTATE!" ->Note well that all contributions are to be published under the GDFL license. Don't submit your work, if you don't wish that it be cruelly edited, changed and freely distributed. You also promise us that you are the first writer of these words, or are writing from a work in the public domain. DONT USE WORKS UNDER COPYRIGHT WITHOUT PERMISSION!". I think the intent is that a sentence or two of text within quotation marks under fair use is allowed under the above. You are only promissing that any translation is your own and also allowed under the usual rules. Specifically the rule is referring to what *you* are writing outside of presenting a quotation. Nevertheless it wouldn't hurt to add a phrase saying "Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" vel in dominio GDFL Wikipediano exscripsisse, aut sub usus iusti iure verbis laudatis inter signa uteris."--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 05:35, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::On second thought I don't think there is any need to change anything in the wording. As long as you cite your sources and don't violate copyrights or commit plagiarism, it is obvious from what is written that translating a wikipedia page is not only allowed but encouraged, as is quoting. Look at our front page.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:53, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == J/I == Consuetudone est pro usente J/I?[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] :Lege [[Vicipaedia:Commendationes paginarum recte scribendarum]]--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:50, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) [[Categoria:Tabernae acta priora|0]] c759gaoh7s4pbjotpvswp0ltu9sde3j 3982982 3982928 2026-08-21T20:14:54Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982982 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Antiqua disputatio|ab=2007-10-16|ad=2008-02-01}} == Stipularum forma == Adaptatio ex commentario de '''Guglielmo Howard Taft''': :Hoc est forma commentarii: ::'''Gulielmus Howard Taft''' (natus [[Cincinnatopolis|Cincinnatopoli]] in [[Ohium|Ohio]] die 15 Septembris 1857 - [[Vasingtonia]]e obiit die 8 Martii 1930) fuit magister iuris apud Universitam Yalensem, vir publicus, vicesimus septimus praesidens Civitatium Foederatarum Americae a die 4 Martii 1909 usque ad diem 4 Martii 1913 et decimus dux Tribunalis Supremi (Anglice Chief Justice) ab anno 1921 usque ad annum 1930. :Melius: ::'''Gulielmus Howard Taft''' (1857–1930) fuit Praesidens Civitatium Foederatarum Americae et deinde Dux Tribunalis Supremi. ::'''Vita''' ::Taft natus est Cincinnatopoliti die 15 Septembris 1857. Factus est magister iuris apud Universitam Yalensem, vicesimus septimus praesidens Civitatium Foederatarum Americae a die 4 Martii 1909 usque ad diem 4 Martii 1913, et decimus dux Tribunalis Supremi, ab anno 1921 usque ad annum 1930. Obiit Vasingtoniae die 8 Martii 1930. :The suggested form will help a stipula grow. The second paragraph might initially be headed "Vita," and of course it will gain subheadings as the text lengthens. It will grow drastically at the points marked (here for illustration only) by ellipses: ::'''Vita''' ::Taft natus est Cincinnatopoliti die 15 Septembris 1857. . . . Factus est magister iuris apud Universitam Yalensem. . . . Electus est vicesimus septimus praesidens Civitatium Foederatarum Americae . . . a die 4 Martii 1909 usque ad diem 4 Martii 1913. . . . Praefectus est decimus dux Tribunali Supremo . . . . ab anno 1921 usque ad annum 1930. . . . Obiit Vasingtoniae die 8 Martii 1930. . . . :Articles should be set up with a structure designed to ''grow,'' what may be described as an ''open'' form. The current form of this article—as of many, many, many stipulas (especially biographical ones)—is ''closed.'' It will force anyone wanting to expand it to do ''needless'' extra work. Stipulas, obviously, are acknowledged by their authors to be incomplete: they shouldn't be designed so as to ''impede'' their expansion. The form I've suggested above is more amenable to growth. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:42, 16 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::: '''praeses''' et '''Civitatum''' (cf. ''Tituli: praeses versus praesidens'') [[Usor:ThbdGrrd|ThbdGrrd]] 13:14, 19 Octobris 2007 (UTC) mea == Vandalismus persistens == It seems our persistent Nebrasca vandal is making a point continuing to inflict himself upon us. See [[Lingua Escimona]] and [[Butyrumalia]]. It is amazing how much energy this creature has. Too bad he is incapable of directing the energy to creating rather than destroying.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:30, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :Well, I deleted those, so we can't see them, anymore. What a jackass, ey?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 02:14, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :: Perhaps we should redirect the future facetiae of this gentleman to [http://uncapaedia.wikia.com/wiki/Pagina_prima]? --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 02:24, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) == Wide image == Did someone make a version of the en:wiki's "Template:Wide image"? I seem to remember seeing one ... but I can't find it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:46, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :See [[Terrae motus]]--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:51, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::<nowiki>{{wide image|put image here,etc..}}</nowiki>--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:53, 24 Octobris 2007 (UTC) == bot flag == For the record: As the bots [[Usor:VolkovBot]] and [[Usor:AlleborgoBot]] appear to do good work, I asked our [[Vicipaedia:grapheocrates|grapheocrates]] to grant them bot status so that their edits will no longer show up in [[Specialis:Nuper mutata]]. --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 12:41, 26 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :Yeah, I was going to suggest that sooner or later, anyways. Thanks, UV.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:07, 26 Octobris 2007 (UTC) == Categoria ? == Hi, just a question, i know we are calling our category system ''categoria'', i think this is most Italianic, in Latin this would be '''Categoriae''', just a thought??, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 20:52, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :Well, it's late and uncommon, but it's singular, so I'm not sure what you mean, Hendrice?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 21:09, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::I mean Latin isn't always the same as Italian, i tought that category (eng) is categoria (Italian) and categoriae in Latin ( singular = categoriae > multiple = categorium ) or not ?? [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 21:43, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::Certainly Latin is not always the same as Italian...but in Latin the word is feminine and singular and categoria. Categorium would be a weird syncopated genitive plural (I've certainly never seen the word). Further, no word in the whole language (watch Muke or Iustinus or Fabullus or Neander or Iacobus come prove me wrong) that has its singular form terminate in ''~ae''. Don't really know where you got that, Hendrice.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 22:35, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::: <small>Ioscius: How many persons is [[Pasiphae]]? ;-)</small> :::: (Hendricus: Don't let me confuse you – Ioscius is absolutely right <small>and [[Pasiphae]] is not a Latin word, it's Greek</small>.) --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:22, 28 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::::Well, I even win that one, UV. Categori|ae is a dipthong, while Pasiph|aë has a diaeresis! =] --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 02:31, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::::In manu scriptis musicae medievalis et eorum editionibus modernis, saepe invenitur verbum ''Euouae,'' quod consistit in vocalibus verborum "[''in secula''] ''seculorum. Amen.''" !!! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 04:36, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::::: ok, was just a question, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 13:20, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) "Categoria" means *one* category. "Categoriae" are two or more categorIES. == Translation request == Môj, I don't know where to ask this, so i start asking here: translation request: * [[Echinococcus granulosus]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 20:18, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * [[Echinococcus multiocularis]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 20:38, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * [[Dipylidium caninum]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 22:23, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * [[Taenia solium]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 23:43, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * [[Taenia saginata]], [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 00:26, 30 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::What do you mean? These names are already in latin... or do you mean something else? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. * The names right, i was hoping for some tekst translation from the english version, it's rather technical, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 22:27, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::Oh, of course, I thought it seemed a bit of a strange question! I'll see what I can do. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :::Thanks, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 22:35, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::I've done the first sentence for E. gran. All the medical terms are a pain in translation, though. Words like ''proglottid'' make me want to ''currere ad murum testaceum''. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :::::I've had a go at it, but there may remain "gender & number issues" with "[[cestoda]] [[cyclophyllidea]]." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 03:31, 30 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Ah, now I see: [[Cestoda]] is a class and therefore plural, and [[Cyclophyllidea]] is also plural, so I've changed the phrase to ''cestodorum cyclophyllideum'' 'a cyclophyllid of the cestods', which seems to be what it's trying to say; of course biologists may have a better formula for it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 03:40, 30 Octobris 2007 (UTC) * That's what i've ment with rather technical, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 22:54, 29 Octobris 2007 (UTC) == Societates ludicerae == Please see [[Disputatio:Mancunienses Uniti]]. I don't know whether we should be translating football club names. Should we use the names of the imhabitants of the city then ''urbs'' or ''uniti'' afterwards? Should we use the city names with SP after them? Should we just keep them how they are in their native languages? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :I am arch-conservative on this. I don't think we should translate the names of organizations, unless someone has already given them a Latin name. But I think most others disagree with me ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:09, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::I'm happy with translating names (just check [[societas Manufollii Universitatis Oxoniensis]]), although I see Andrew's point.--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 13:12, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::See how [[Boston Red Sox]] finesses the problem: the legally valid (English) term is the lemma, but every reference thereafter is to the Lation version of it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:45, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::OK. The only two clubs likely to have sources are ''Mancunienses Uniti'' and ''Armorum Fabricatores'' (Arsenal). How should we handle the "thereafter referenced" names? (like ''urbs'' and ''uniti''? I think we need a single method and club names from across different sports are springing up all over the place at the moment). Should we make something on TNP? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. == Fairy stories == [[Cinderella]] is maybe our first article about a fairy story. ::N.B.: There are usually no fairies in a "fairy tale," so we may be well advised to avoid that term, at least in English. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:41, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) # I don't know if we have any reason to choose the young lady's English name for our heading, rather, than, say, her French, Italian or Spanish names. (I don't suggest German, because ''Aschenputtel'' doesn't fit very nicely into Latin.) Any views? # This has made me obey suggestions made earlier and move entries concerned with stage plays out of [[:Categoria:Fabulae]] into [[:Categoria:Ludi scaenici]]. That having been done, should [[:Categoria:Fabulae]] become the place for fairy stories, or is Fabulae too general and ambiguous a word for that special concept? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:05, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :'''1'''In Spanish it is ''Cenicienta'' which I do not know how to translate properly, but ''ceniza'' is "ash" and -enta is and adjectivation coming from the Latin -ns (it would be something like covered in ashes or ashe-coloured).¶'''2''' On this thing, fabulae is in my opinion too wide, despite the fact that fabula in spanish has a very precise meaning--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 13:16, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::Re categories: you might consider if the proposed category is for European stories only, or whether it includes folktales from, say, indigenous peoples of Brazil. Do our German friends include non-European tales among the canonical Märchen? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:39, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::Well, then, I think [[:Categoria:Fabulae populares]] will work (corresponding to "folk tales" rather than "fairy tales", and not exclusively European). OK? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:02, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::Quaeso inspiciatis [[Disputatio:Cinerella]], ubi translationes quae attestantur enumeravi. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:46, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::::Gratias tibi ago, Iosci! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:02, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) [[Nicolaus Gross]] habet "fabellas Grimmianas", ''Grimms Märchen''. (''Märchen'' indicat omnes fabellas etiam in aliis partibus mundi.) --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 16:24, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Spies == I'm not sure whether [[Compton Mackenzie]] is our first spy or secret agent. Do we have a Latin word for these professions? "Emissarius" was the best I could get from my dictionary. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:44, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :For "spy" I find "speculator" (probably the etymological origin), but this might be more military reconnaisance. "Agens in rebus" was, I think, secret police. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 13:53, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) ::One of my old dictionaries (Ainsworth's) offers: ''speculator, explorator, Corycaeus, custos, *catascopus.'' It has this model attestation: ''Speculandi causa missus erat in Ciliciam'' 'He was sent as a spy into Cilicia'. Another (White's) has the first two and adds that ''speculator'' was used by both Cicero & Caesar, and ''explorator'' by Caesar. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:55, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::The CLC uses ''explorator''. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::::My dictionary says that ''explorator'' is more of a scout than a spy--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:30, 31 Octobris 2007 (UTC) :::::Yeah, even the back of the CLC lists scout first. It seems to be inferior to ''emissarius''. Nevertheless, it's probably what a Roman would have said and most dictionaries seem to prefer this and ''speculator''. If we look into the verbs which are the basis for their formation, ''speculor'': watch, observe, spy out, examine, explore and ''exploro'': search out, explore, test, try out, reconnoiter, investigate. ''Emissarius'' looks more suitable but maybe less classical. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :::::Undoubtedly, someone will prove me wrong about the last bit ;) <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::::::'''Spy'''. Etymology: Middle English ''spien'', from Anglo-French ''espier'', of Germanic origin; akin to Old High German ''spehōn'' to spy; akin to Latin '''''specere''''' to look, look at, Greek ''skeptesthai'' & ''akopein'' to watch, look at, consider Date: 13th century.-Iosifer == Amici amicaeque mei (meaeque)! Tempus est! == Cras est butyrumalia! That's right everyone! The traditional Eskimo butter festival (see butyrum, butyrumalia, et nebrasca for details)is tomorrow, November 1st! Prepare the butter statues of your ancestors, and make the customary sacrifices to your household deities to ensure a plentiful butter harvest in the year to come. There will be horse-racing, discus-throwing, and whale-fighting in the arena near you! Refreshments will not be served, so BYOB (bring your own butter.) Io! Butyrumalia! Io! Butyrumalia! :You've got to admire their persistence...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 03:19, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) Nihil destruximus! Veritatem narramus. [[Usor:67.159.45.209|67.159.45.209]] 20:49, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::I don't like butter. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. == De linguis officialibus Tabernae == Yo pensaba que la Vicipaedia era en latín, no en inglés; curioso, muy curioso... :Vide [[pagina prima|paginam primam]]: "Ecce nostra '''Taberna''' et '''Legatio''', in quibus potes qualibet lingua intelligibili loqui" ... etiam Hispanice! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:45, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Si come Andrea dijo, aqui podemos hablar en cualquiera idioma! Recorda, creamos una enciclopedia en latín, no discusiones.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 14:49, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Cuando traduciendo de un idioma a otro, es muy util poder communicarse en ambos o mutiples idiomas. El latin tambien es especial porque ya no hay nadie que lo hable como lengua nativa. Ya que a mayoria de nosotros entendemos el ingles, ya que se convertido casi lengua internacional, por eso solemos communicar en ingles tanto como en latin. Pero si no entiendes bien el ingles scribe en latin o espanol y te entederemos. Salve --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:03, 1 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == De passivo verbi ''saepire'' == ¿Podría alguien decirme cómo es la conjugación de ''saepire'' en 3ra persona plural del pasivo?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 17:13, 5 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :->''saepiuntur'' Romani ab inimicis saepiuntur ->''los romanos fueron rodeados (circundados) por enemigos''.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:18, 5 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Pop music == how do you say 'pop group' in latin? :Turma (vel grex) quae (vel qui) canit musicam popularem.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 19:02, 5 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::''Grex popularis'' would do the job too.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:23, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::I would go for "grex musica popularis" or "grex musica pop" ("popularis" is a bit confusing because it might might mean in this case that they are a popular music band rather than a band that sings pop music, and pop music and music that is popular are not exactly the same thing) -[[Usor:Kedemus|Kedemus]] 07:15, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::As usual, Kedemus proposes something undeclinable. Let's stick with the declinable adjectives, I'm sure we can find ways to make its use unambiguous.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:20, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::That same ambiguity exists in English, yet the desired meaning is always clear from the context. -[[Specialis:Conlationes/129.59.98.250|129.59.98.250]] 18:04, 2 Februarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Re: "how do you say 'pop group' in latin?"&mdash;Exactly: in most contexts, ''grex'' will suffice: just plain ''grex.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:15, 2 Februarii 2008 (UTC) == De Adverbiis == Quomodo debeo substantivum declinare ut eadem ab adverbio præceduntur? (if I didn't write it properly: How must I decline the nouns when they're preceded by an adverb?) --[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:01, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Not sure what you mean, adverbs have no bearing on the declension of a noun... Prepositions and verbs do, but not adverbs.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 16:02, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Really?? :S :S :S I think I misunderstood everything. So, must I use prepositions instead???--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:11, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::: Ut bene Ioscius dicit, adverbia non sunt praepositiones; substantiva non afficiunt, sed verba. Exempli gratia considera adverbium bene: Bene homo dicit; Homo bene sententiam dicit; Bene homo sententiam dicit. In ea sententia ''bene'' solum verbum ''dicit'' afficit. :::Quam rem vis ad latinum convertere?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:17, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::What sentence are you trying to render in latin?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:20, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::This one: ''Upon the table, a small wooden podium is set up.''--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:28, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::In mensa, podium ligneo factum parvum instruitur; or equivalently, if you don't want to emphasize "upon the table", Podium ligneo factum parvum mensa instruitur.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:35, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::May I use the adjective ''ligneus, -a, -um'' (which, according to [[Words]], means wooden) instead of ''ligneo factum''? Is that possible?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:43, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Yes, I think "podium ligneum" would be fine. :::::::Which is your adverb? ''Upon'' is a preposition, corresponding to "in" in the Latin translation. Yes, prepositions have to be followed by a noun in a particular case. Which case? It varies with the preposition. You need to check in a dictionary. ''In'' takes the ablative when it means "in/on"; it takes the accusative when it means "into, on to". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:47, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::::Parvum lectorinum ligneum est super mensa erectum. [If a diminutive is OK: ''Lectorinculum ligneum. . . .''] [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 16:57, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::::Nomen ''lectorinum'', quod secundae declinationis esse videtur, diminutive fit ''lectorinulum'' (sine 'c'), aut fortasse ''lectorillum'' (vide [[Suffixum diminutivum#Declinationes Prima Secundaque|hic]]. Terminatio ''-culum'' pertinet ad nomina tertiae, quartae et quintae declinationis (vide [[Suffixum diminutivum#Declinatio Tertia|hic]]). --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 09:10, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Also ''super'' (acc) could work. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::::Hmmm, not quite, Harri. Super is like sub in that, when accusative, they imply motion. ''Super lunam bos salit'' means that the cow jumped over the moon (and landed/kept going on the other side). However, when ablative, they imply static (or at least not transient motion). ''Bombus super scruto volat'' means that the bee was flying over (the top of) the trash. So he could use super here with ablative, but not accusative. Etiam, mea quidem sententia, "in" melius sit. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 16:55, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::Thanks, Iosci. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. Thx you all!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:51, 11 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::"Podium ligneo factum parvum mensa instruitur" "ligneo" è un aggettivo e qui era necessario un sostantivo "ligno". "Parvo ligneo podio mensa instruitur" mi sembrerebbe la migliore. Lio da Pisa.13 Januarii 2008 ::::::Fuit error typographicus; Legatur correcte "podium ligno factum" = "podium ligneum"; Sed mea sententia rectior fuisset "Lectorinum ligneum".--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:23, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Nova verba<s>e</s> == Are there official latin words for things such as potato, bicycle or lightbulb, or do people just randomly make them up? How do you know which words to use?????? :A dictionary? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::<s>The [[:es:Contubernio de Múnich|Evil meeting of München]] makes an official list once a year, after cutting up a sheep and cheking if the omens are favourable</s>.--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:28, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Sorry, just joking... I found the question really funny...--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:28, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) maybe someone could make an official list on Vicipaedia one day [[Usor:Kai_su_teknon]] :Of words? This why people like Traupman and the catholics write conversational latin books. There's also several on the internet. Maybe you'd like to see the links [http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium_6#Modern_latin which another user asked] to some dictionaries of such words. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. ::What you mean by "official"? There is no Royal Academy of Latin, just latin dictionaries, glossaries, and what is gotten by reading the literature. I would recommend the sources Harrissimo mentions, especially Traupman's conversational latin book for modern things.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:16, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Also, re ''potato.'' A potato is a living thing. All identified living things&mdash;plants & animals&mdash;have official Latin names, given to them by highly qualified scientists. (In fact, to be scientifically recognized, almost every species needs a Latin name and a full scientific description published in Latin.) Several million such names are known and available. Unfortunately for those who like lists to be complete, microbiologists in the past few years have begun to understand that there are probably many hundreds of millions of species of unidentified microbes. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:19, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Potato = (Potato plant) [[patata|solanum tuberosum]]; (potato itself) (common name) patata vel (scientifically descriptive name) tuber solani ::::bicycle = [[birota]] (Traupman) ::::light bulb = [[globulus electricus]] (Traupman) ::::--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:31, 6 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Ablative of Rigor == The enwiki article [[:en:Hadrian's Wall|Hadrian's Wall]] has the following section in it: :RIGORE seems to be the ablative form of the Latin word ''rigor''. This can mean several things, but one of its less-known meanings is ‘straight line’, ‘course’ or ‘direction’. Could someone confirm this please? Many thanks. [[:en:User:Tivedshambo|Tivedshambo]] 07:59, 9 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::I can. [http://lysy2.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/words.exe?rigore This site proves that ''rigore'' is ablative of ''rigor''] and [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3D%2341763 this one proves] that is can mean ‘straight line’, ‘course’ or ‘direction’. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span>. :::Many Thanks. [[:en:Tivedshambo|Tivedshambo]] 19:16, 9 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Error in pagina prima == Error in pagina prima sub pictura de Polynesiis navigantibus scriptus: muta "ca. anno 1781" ad "ca. annum 1781"; et "deus ...timebant" ad "deum...timebant."-anon == New formula == I made a formula {{fn|Pars vicificanda}} to place on an otherwise good page where some new text has been added that needs vicifying and maybe Latinizing. I needed it for [[Ramayana]] but I think it will be useful elsewhere. But what I can't do is to make it fit into the horizontal space available rather than conflict with an image that's on the page already! Can anyone help with this? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:57, 10 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Thanks to [[Usor:UV]] for quietly solving my problem! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:04, 11 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Hendricus - untranslated biographies == I copy here what I've just written on Hendricus' discussion page: :Dear Hendricus, first I wish to thank you for your incredible work. : I understand and share your target to enrich la.wiki, but the opening of a lot of untranslating pages doesn't make sense. The users of la.wiki are actually very few and we can't translate a lot of new pages. Therefore I beg you please to insert already in Latin at least the name, birth and death dates and activity of the person. If you desire to suggest new pages, you can rather use the taberna page. Thank you and ciao--[[Usor:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 07:30, 11 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Ayuda == ¿Cómo puedo traducir la palabra ''enmarcado/a'' al latín?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:39, 11 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Hmmm. Que es la frase entera? "enmarcar un foto" es "in forma includere", por tanto el participio es "in forma incluso/a/um". ¿Ti ayuda este? --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:16, 12 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Es ésta: ''El lienzo del Señor de los Milagros se ubica sobre el eje transversal del anda. El lienzo, en cuya parte posterior se ubica el de Nuestra Señora de la Nube, está encuadrado por un doble marco de columnas salomónicas que rematan en capiteles a modo de querubines, sobre los que se apoya un arco ornamentado con especies de volutas y rostros de ángeles.''--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 14:37, 12 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Mi diccionario (Spes vox latina latino-español/español-latino) da ''forma, -ae'' para marco. Lo malo es que los romanos no usaban marcos y no tenian cuadros, así que creo que a no ser que haya una palabra tardía, enmarcado sería en mi opinión, algún derivado de ''pictus in forma positus/collocatus'', pero yo no soy quien, aquí hay gente que sabe muuuucho más que yo...--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 16:11, 12 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == [[Lutetia]]/Parisius? == On propose de renommer l'article [[Lutetia]] (nom ancien) et de substituer '''Parisius''' (nom médiéval, plus proche au nom français). Voir [[Disputatio:Lutetia]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:27, 12 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Pour mon part, j'ai toujours vu le nom "Parisius" en forme pluriel, c'est à dire "Parisii" (Parisiis publice iure factus etc.). Je crois que celà remonte à la "Lutetia Parisorum," qu'on ait abbéviée à "Parisii" (pluriel). Alors moi je dirais que le nom contemporait devrait être "Parisii" (dont le locative "Parisiis"). -[[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 19:43, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC) {I am copying this to [[Disputatio:Lutetia]]: hope that's OK. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:11, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC)) == Categories for biologists == Hendricus has been asking me about building a category structure for the biologist articles he is adding. If anyone wants to comment -- or to disagree with me! -- our discussion is on my disputatio page. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:27, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Praesens perfectus continuus == Quomodo possum verba in "present perfect continuous" transferre??? Exempli gratia: Quid est latina forma huius sententiae "I''''ve been living''' in Rome for 3 years"? Gratias plurimas vobis ago! [[Usor:Equula|Equula]] :Romam tres annos habito? (Accusative of the extent of time.) -[[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 20:02, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::Tantum? Putavi esse quid difficilius! Gratias tibi ago.[[Usor:Equula|Equula]] Per tres annos Romae vixi. Id puto, quia "habito" tempus praesens est nec minime tempus praeteritum indicat.[[Lio]] :"Tres annos Romae vixi" = "I was alive in Rome three years (and no longer live there)"; "Tres annos Romae vivo" = "I have been alive in Rome three years (and continue to live there)". "Per" in "Per tres annos" = "through three years" Latine est forma prava.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:35, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Exempli gratia et "Tres annos Romae habito" = "I have resided in Rome three years (and continue to reside)".--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:36, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == geographical coordinates == Hi to all. i've managed to copypaste some templates from the English wiki to create geographical coordinates in articles (see: [[Promontorium Paeninsulae Eboraci]]), there are some red linked templates left in the structure, and the templates should be protected by administrators, for now the coordinates are workable at the articles, so maybe an administrator can look into this and get a finnishing touch, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 20:57, 13 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Nice!--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:49, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Link FA|lt == Just for my info, what does this command, when placed between curly brackets, do? Anonymous 84.55.6.110 has inserted it into a couple of files. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:37, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :It makes a star on the it interwiki link, to show that X article was featured (FA=featured article) at the Italian wikipedia. Harmless.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:18, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::OK. Jes' wondrin'. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:30, 15 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids == Aliquid scribere de ''Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids'' velim, sed nescio quales sunt latinae formae horum verborum. Nescio quidem si similes nexus iam sunt quia translationem ignoro. Quid est mihi faciendum? Potestis nonne mihi auxilio esse ? [[Usor: Equula|Equula]] :See [[Morgan]]'s gloss. http://facweb.furman.edu/~dmorgan/lexicon/silva.htm --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:46, 16 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::lipid comes from greek lipos (gen lipidis?)--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:52, 16 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == ''Corbata/Necktie/Cravate'' == ¿Alguien sabe cómo se dice ''corbata'' en latín?/Does anybody know how to say ''necktie'' in Latin?/Est-ce qu'il y a quelqu'un(e) qui sais comment dire ''cravate'' en latin? Gracias de antemano./Thank you in advance./Merci par avance.--[[User:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 05:50, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Focal -is. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 15:15, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::[[Petrus Needham]] habet "fascia, ae, f", [[b:Lingua Latina in libris de Harrio Potter/Nova verba]] --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 15:28, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Focale -is is a scarf according to Morgan, also termed fascia collaris, while neck-tie is fascia Croatica or just fascia for short, attested as coming from LRL. --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:30, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::(Head scarf would then be "focale capitale".) --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 15:42, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::White's dictionary defines English 'cravat' as ''focale.'' Ainsworth's defines one ''focale'' as "A muffler, to keep the throat and neck warm, Mart. Quint." and another ''focale'' as "A garment worn by the fire-side, Sen." Among the senses of ''fascia,'' Ainsworth's includes (I condense the entry): "1. a swathe, band, or roller, used by the ancients on their thighs and legs, instead of breeches; 2 a bandage for wounds or broken limbs; 3 a cloud; 4 a wreath about the top of a pillar; 5 a diadem; 6 a stomacher, or breast-cloth, a child's bib, a scarf." ¶ Ainsworth's welter of senses of ''fascia'' show no obligatory association with the neck, whereas ''focale'' does show an attested association with the neck. Also, for ''fascia,'' the sense of 'scarf' is the ''last'' one listed (and presumably then the least particularly relevant one). Therefore, for 'necktie', ''focale'' seems the likelier bet. [[User:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 15:52, 17 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Academic Degree == Please see [[Disputatio:Gradi academici apud Universitatem Oxoniensem|this]]. Also, I thought it best to follow the example of [[Universitas Harvardiana]] and use "graduandus" for "undergraduate" and "graduatus" for "graduate". Just to be complicated, you can do an undergraduate master's degree at Oxford and a graduate bachelor's degree. O di immortales! [[Usor:LeighvsOptimvsMaximvs|Leigh]] ^{[[Disputatio Usoris:LeighvsOptimvsMaximvs|(disp)]]} 21:40, 21 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Hmmm, I've always liked ''laureatus'' better than ''graduatus''...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:15, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Egger D.L.? == Does anybody know what this might be the abbreviation for? I see it in Morgan a lot and look forward to citing it in some of our country pages. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:15, 22 Novembris 2007 (UTC). :I have responded on your page, Harri, but the Cliff notes are: :>''Diurnarius Latinus (Opus Fundatum Latinitas, Romae, 1980)'' :--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 21:29, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == HELP == I can't open the page nuper mutata, something wrong?--[[User:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 11:55, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :I can open it. May it be just your browser?--[[User:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 12:02, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Help needed to translate Latin book titles == Hi, is anyone able to help provide English translations for the following book titles in Latin that appear in "[[w:John Parkinson (botanist)|John Parkinson (botanist)]]"? * ''Paradisi in Sole, Paradisus Terrestris'' (1629) &ndash; this is currently translated as ''Park-in-Sun's Terrestrial Paradise'', which seems a bit strange to me. ** Seems to be a joke on ''Park-in-son''...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:10, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) * ''Theatrum Botanicum'' (1640) &ndash; this is currently rendered as ''The Botanical Theatre'', but one source has ''Theatre of Plants'' instead. Which translation is better? ** The first one...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 15:10, 23 Novembris 2007 (UTC) If necessary, please discuss the matter on the article's [[w:Talk:John Parkinson (botanist)|talk page]]. Thanks. &mdash; Cheers, [[w:User:Jacklee|<span style="color:#ce2029">Jack</span><span style="color:#800000">'''Lee'''</span>]] ^{&ndash;[[w:User talk:Jacklee|talk]]&ndash;} 14:52, 23 November 2007 (UTC) Thanks very much, I've had a few helpful responses to this. I didn't spot the pun on "Parkinson" &ndash; it just didn't make sense to me. Still need some translation help over at "[[w:John Parkinson (botanist)|John Parkinson (botanist)]]": see the [[w:Talk:John Parkinson (botanist)|talk page]] there. &mdash; Cheers, [[w:User:Jacklee|<span style="color:#ce2029">Jack</span><span style="color:#800000">'''Lee'''</span>]] ^{&ndash;[[w:User talk:Jacklee|talk]]&ndash;} 13:17, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :I have responded at the English talk page. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:38, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) === Translation of more Latin book titles === Hi, I'd be grateful if someone would provide English translations of the following additional Latin book titles (and imprint information, where necessary) that appear in the article "[[w:John Parkinson (botanist)|John Parkinson (botanist)]]" over at en.wikipedia: * [[w:Royal College of Physicians|Medicorum Collegij Londinensis [Royal College of Physicians of London]]] (1618). ''Pharmacopœia Londinensis in qua medicamenta antiqua et nova vsitatissima, sedulò collecta, accuratissimè examinata, quotidiana experientia confirmata describuntur. Opera Medicorum Collegij Londinensis. Ex serenissimi Regis mandato cum R.M. Priuilegio''. London: Printed by Edwardus [Edward] Griffin for Iohannis [John] Marriot, ad insigne iridis albæ in platea vulgò dicta Fleet-street. :This is off the top of my head, others will want to give their input: "London pharmacopia in which are described the most useful old and new drugs, diligently collected, very accurately examined, confirmed by daily experience. Work of the London College of Doctors. By the mandate of the very serene King with R.M. (?) privilege. London...Marriot, at the sign of the white iris in the square commonly called Fleet-street." [[Usor:71.208.202.37|71.208.202.37]] 05:18, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) * van de Passe, Crispijn [the Elder] (1614[&ndash;1617]). ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum & minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam varamq[ue] formam accuratissime delineatae et secundum quatuor anni tempora divisae exhibentur incredibili labore ac diligentia Crisp. Passaei junioris delineatae ac suum in ordinem redactae''. Arnheimij [Arnhem]: Ioannem Ianssonium [?Jan Janszoon the Elder]. :Again, this is a first effort to which others may respond: "Floral garden in which are exhibited images of rather rare and less common flowers, in living and bent [? or "veram" = "true" or "variam" =" various"] form, delineated very accurately and divided according to the four seasons of the year, [exhibited] by the unbelievable labor and diligence of Crispus (?) Passaeus the younger, delineated and brought back into their own order."[[Usor:71.208.202.37|71.208.202.37]] 05:18, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Do respond at the article's [[w:Talk:John Parkinson (botanist)#Translation of more Latin book titles|talk page]]. Thanks. &mdash; Cheers, [[w:User:Jacklee|<span style="color:#ce2029">Jack</span><span style="color:#800000">'''Lee'''</span>]] ^{&ndash;[[w:User talk:Jacklee|talk]]&ndash;} 04:53, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Thanks very much. Other translation suggestions are welcome at [[w:Talk:John Parkinson (botanist)#Translation of more Latin book titles|talk page]]. &mdash; Cheers, [[w:User:Jacklee|<span style="color:#ce2029">Jack</span><span style="color:#800000">'''Lee'''</span>]] ^{&ndash;[[w:User talk:Jacklee|talk]]&ndash;} 15:07, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Res amoris gestae == "Res amoris gestae"? Is it not clear to you how silly this phrase is? It seems as though many of you need to go back to your Caesar, your Livy, your Cicero so that you can remind yourselves of what Latin looks like. Perhaps take a cruise through Bradley's Arnold. Is it not apparent that creating an encyclopaedia in this language is a fool’s errand? intellectual masturbation? Do you not understand that there is a difference between ''Latinitas'' and ''felicitas''? Articles on [[Dies Viridis|Green Day]] and [[Osculum Escimaicum|Eskimo kisses]] lack both. Do you understand that keeping a not very funny article on [[amphora porci|canned ham]] for months while deleting immediately anything on the [[Rex Jeff Nebrascanorum|Nebraska Eskimos]] is rank hypocrisy? [[User:Escimonicorum Magister Osculorum|Escimonicorum Magister Osculorum]] 17:31, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :I agree with you Jeff, there is often a lack of both felicitas and Latinitas apud nos. That's why we don't need blatant vandalism. You're right about the canned pork, too, and I would have deleted that if I had seen it before. I also agree with you that res amoris gestae is pretty poor. I don't know why any of this encourages you to write nonsense, instead of trying to help in a serious manner? :As for intellectual masturbation, I leave you with two quotes: ::''Don't knock masturbation; it's sex with someone I love.''--Woody Allen ::''Give me rampant intellectualism as a coping mechanism.''--Chuck Palahniuk :--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:21, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::I agree with the magister too. I die every time I see that awful yellow {{fn|Iocus}}. And I say this although I have spent some of my life (from long before Wikipedia was a twinkle in Wales's eye) writing reference books that, incidentally, just now and then, make people laugh. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:56, 24 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::But in your pontification you have made a logical leap, O magister, and stumbled on landing. ''Is it not apparent that creating an encyclopaedia in this language is a fool’s errand?'' No, it isn't. The fact that we haven't yet done it well enough doesn't mean that it can't be done. [[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] (who hasn't been around recently, I'm sorry to say) wrote to me that he thought we might get there in about 50 years. Compared with the gestation period of the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' that's a respectable timetable. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:27, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == [[Dziipni]] == Hi Everyone, I apologize to those in the academe and others who are horrified with my latin but I'm working hard to improve and would like to enlist your aid. I'm working hard to read Cicero and other classics. Below is my attempt(please feel free to correct all or any) and request-Jondel; Salve omnes! Quaeso si ille vobis placet mihi adiuvare quam sum tironis latine et maxime studeo ne deleat res dziipni. Adeo rectificationem feci et prebeo sequens(quid putatis?? ): === 'Dziipni, est modus popularus conmunis vecturae Philippinis et passim videtur. === The jeepney is a popular means of transportation in the Philippines and is ubiquitous. How is this? 'Dziipni, est facultus popularus conmunis vecturarum Philippinis et passim videtur. ::Why the double ii? If long i just draw a line over it once to let people know how to pronounce it. ::Here is my version of how the article should start: ::Jeepey (in phillipino: Jeepey) is a kind of bus that is seen everywhere in the Phillipines. ::->Dzipi (Phillipine: Jeepey) est species [[laophorum|laophori]] quae in Phillipinis ubiquaque videtur.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:13, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) === In principio facturii exercitio Americanis militaribus relictus ex Bellico Mundo Secundo. === At first they were manufactured by the American forces that were left behind from world war 2. How is this? :changing to this=>ab exercitibus Americanis relictis(plural ablative) Thus: In principio sunt facturii "ab" exercitibus Americanis militaribus "quae" relictis ex [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum II|Bello Terraro Secundo]]. Is this better: '''Dziipni'', est modus popularus conmunis vecturae Philippinis et passim videntur. ::These buses at first where manufactured out of vehicles left by the American army after World War II. ::? Haec laophora primitus fabricantur e vehiculis a exercitu Americano post Bellum Orbis Terrarum II relictis.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:31, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) === Clarus est decoraminium gaudiorum et densitatis convectoris. === It is well known for its guady decorations and being crowded with passengers. Is this better?: Notus est proptere quod est decoravus gaudium et densitatis convectorum. Gratias ago--[[User:Jondel|Jondel]] 04:59, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Jeepy are well-known for gaudy decorations and for the crowdedness of its passengers. ::Dzipi noti sunt propter gloriosas decorationes et propter frequentiam suorum convectorum. --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:41, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Rafael, gratias ago. Thank you very much, I will be using all your corrections. However, its Jeepney not Jeepey. Also I would like to add the idea that it is a transportation that the common man (plebians) use . , So I will probably add 'est facultas frequens plebonorum et..." . Denueno , thanks again.--<s>[[Specialis:Contributions/124.83.58.69|124.83.58.69]] 13:10, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC)</s> --[[User:Jondel|Jondel]] 13:38, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Jondel, Are you using a dictionary? plebonorum? A crowded means of plebians? how exactly do you associate facultas with transportation?? or take plebs to be a second declension noun? But even if you mistook it for a 2nd declension it wouldn't be right--where did the -on- come from?.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:23, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::: Uh sorry, the online notre dame was offline a while ago. The idea I would to express is :J... is a popular means/way of commuting/traveling "of" the lower income bracket people(majority). The 'on' was supposed to be a plural genitive tack-on (to mean "of") . The online notre dame dictionary is on now.facultas was meant to be 'means of' or 'way of'. Maybe I should use plebis? How's this? <u>Dzipni est modus popularis convecturi(convecturae?) pro plebe</u>. Is 'plebe' derogative? Hmm--[[User:Jondel|Jondel]] 13:38, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::There is no such tack-on in latin. Where did you get that? If you can't avail yourself of that one dictionary, then you should try to use some other ones on the internet like [[Words]]. If you want help, then you should at least show that you're doing your part, right? I would write ''modus vectoralis apud plebes popularis'' and yes plebes is derogatory but only in the same limited sense as common is in english. Regardless, I think you are misguided in your facts, for based onthe english wiki the Jeepney's are more expensive to ride than a regular airconditioned bus.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:23, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::::For the record, I'm pretty sure [[Words]] '''''is''''' the "online Notre Dame" to which Jondel is referring. For the record, again, Jondel, this program is downloadable to your computer. I used it for years online, cursing it whenever it was down (which is all the freaking time, but it's still better than Perseus!!!). Then I downloaded it (it's a tiny little file) and it's been groovy since. I actually have to confess I downloaded it on all my friends' computers, too =] Wherever I go I can use Words!--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 21:08, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Rereading my comments I see myself coming off as haughty when I didn't mean to. We all make mistakes after all. Sometimes the simple things go right past me. I'm not trying to discourage anyone from pitching in to the best of their ability. We don't have enough editors as is. :) In fact, it is interesting reading about Jeepneys, although it would have been nicer and more fun learning about them in latin.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:41, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) Rafael, I highly appreciate your help which I'm sure will save article in essence. Please understand that I am doing my part to my best abilites. The online notre dame dictionary I was refering to is the WORDS dictionary. I normally directly type http://catholic.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/words.exe. It is now on http://www.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/words.exe. The double i in dziipni was because I wanted to spell Jeepney as Dyipni. The y being represented by i=> double i. But I think dzipni is just fine. I will move the whole page to dzipni. Jeeps by the way are cheaper than busses. I know because I live here now in Manila.Minimum jeep fare is now is 7.5 pesos. While buses are at 9 pesos. Again I am a beginner and I don't pretend to be an expert. The reason for this article correction request is to fulfill a requirement so that the article will not be deleted. Well, thats all. I'll be making a copy of this dicussion onto the discussion page of the dzipni page. Cheers, --[[User:Jondel|Jondel]] 13:37, 28 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Account deletion == How can I delete my account or my user page? :See [[w:en:user:Adam Bishop]] (and remember to mention that it is the latin wikipedia which your account is on). <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 14:00, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC). :Anyone can delete your userpage, but I don't think we can delete your account. I certainly can't, at least. Your name will still appear in article histories. [[User:Adam Episcopus|Adam Episcopus]] 15:14, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) Thanks very much, Harrissimo! ;) Now I've requested my discussion page deletion too. Thanks, Adam :) ::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Username_policy#Deleting_your_account Sorry!] I thought that bureaucrats could delete a user. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 15:28, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::: User accounts cannot be deleted, but [[Vicipaedia:Grapheocrates|bureaucrats]] can rename users (which will also affect the author which is given in page histories, but which will not affect the content of pages, e. g. past signatures on talk pages). --[[User:UV|UV]] 19:24, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Thank you. Do you know, BTW, why these external links keep making 3 or 4 spaces between them and the next piece of writing? Maybe it is just my browser. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:26, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::::It is. My computer isn't showing bullet points either at the moment. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 20:48, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::::: Your browser should show a small graphical arrow to the right of an external link, hence the spacing. Maybe you switched off the display of graphics in your browser? If this is not the cause, you might try to clear your browser's cache. --[[User:UV|UV]] 00:05, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Reditus Spiculorum == Two words in my ''Spiculorum ludus'' page are bothering me. Does anyone know how to say "clockwise" and "to score a point"? (as in 'the player scored 130 points'). <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 17:45, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC). :''Circum horologium'' would be my best guess for the former. Backpedaling from Italian we might go with ''sensu horario''. I know I've struggled with the second question before, but I can't for the life of me rememebr where or what my final verdict was . . . --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 20:36, 25 Novembris 2007 (UTC) quid de "puncta (re)ferre" verbis: "e.g. ille tria puncta retulit"? --[[User:Tharoth|Andreas]] 03:17, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == versiōnēs Anglicō-Latīnae == nescio num hanc rem tractare debeam Latine an Anglice. aliquot versiones vel potius sententias versas iam conscripsi in variis paginis Googlis sed plus quam aliquantulum displicet modus operandi ibi quod difficile est conferre mea verba cum versionibus iam confectis (et quod saepe non apparent versiones). quae est historia versionis Mediaviciae. quinam impetraverunt et quomodo. cur exempli gratia utimur hic verbo "convento" pro "login/account"? in eo est ut forsan versiones scribam pro programate "Moodle" sed hodie legebam sententias Anglicas et timeo ne horribiliter Latine vertam. estne umquam documentum de electionibus iam factis hic et cum disputationibus participum? --[[User:Tharoth|Andreas]] 03:49, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Andreae, nescio quapropter in Vicipaedia "login/account" dicitur "convento" nec ubi est pagina disputationis de hoc. Possumus mea sententia disputare hic. Mihi videtur nomen "sessio" melius fuisse.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:22, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :: A while ago, I started [[Usor:UV/MediaWiki l10n/Glossary]], mostly as a compilation of what was then the ''status quo''. Note the difference between account (ratio) and session (conventum). --[[User:UV|UV]] 00:09, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == corpus textuum Latīnōrum == estne umquam sub umbella "Vicimediae" locus idoneus quo ponamus textus ipsos Latinos sicut inventos sub [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com thelatinlibrary.com]? mihi videtur necesse nobis habere corpus quod recensere et polire possimus. --[[User:Tharoth|Andreas]] 03:56, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :sane in [[:s:|Vicifontes]] ponamus.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 04:36, 26 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == formula vexillorum == Didn't we have recently already somewhere a formula for small flags/vexilla? --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 08:12, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Not sure what you mean, Alex?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 16:42, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::We have some of those formulas, you can find them in [[:Categoria:Formulae vexillorum]]. --[[User:Amphitrite|Amphitrite]] 17:08, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Gratias. That is what I meant. --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 19:04, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Saint Peter's Square == Which is the latin for ''Saint Peter's Square''?--[[User:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 16:23, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :My guess, possibly wrong, would be ''Forum Santi Petri'', but I'm sure that a more reliable source exists somewhere.--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:22, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::It's called the ''Platea Sancti Petri'' according to the italian wiki page [[:it:Piazza San Pietro]]. Platea means wide street or avenue. I would have thought Forum was better. Our own latin page calls it ''Forum Sancto Petro'', but I think that must be wrong. --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:46, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :::Yes, we've had this problem before, I can't remember where. ''Sancto Petro'' is certainly incorrect.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:06, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Actually my goof. It actually says ''Forum Sancto Petro dicatum''->''Forum dedicated to St. Peter'' which is correct. In my eagerness to find a gloss of the name, I missed the dicatum!--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:52, 27 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Present Progressive == Is there in Latin any tense similar to the English Present Progressive Tense? How/when can I use it?--[[User:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 21:29, 28 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :The Latin present tense covers English simple present "i blank" and present progressive "i am blanking".-_[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 07:04, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Vandalismus == Insidia a ip 65.25.105.176 --[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:10, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Omisisti [[Mentula]]m. [[User:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 02:59, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Ita. Recte dixisti. Subsequenter iam paginam correxi... Num summus hic in Vicipaedia hodie ut Romani Saeculo XIII ?--[[User:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:14, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == 17,000 paginae == Habemus hodie 17,000 paginas! Numero 17,000 fuit, ut credo, pagina brevissima Massimi (hoc tempore anonymi) sub titulo [[Lacrimae]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:00, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == dignitates militum == One of us had a page of all military titles in Latin and other languages. But this page seems to have gone or is not any more accessible. I thought of [[optio]]. --[[User:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 19:08, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Do you mean [[usor:Thoma D./lexicum]]? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:21, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC). ::Thank you, I did not find it. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 19:26, 29 Novembris 2007 (UTC) == Aftershock == What's tha Latin for ''[[:en:aftershock|aftershock]]''? Thx in advance!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 17:02, 30 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :Shock = impulsus, vexatio; ergo aftershock = postimpulsus vel postvexatio.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:09, 30 Novembris 2007 (UTC) :While we're at it, I'm not so sure about the redirect [[Concussio]]...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:26, 30 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::Really? If necessary, I agree about deleting it.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 23:16, 30 Novembris 2007 (UTC) ::PS: Are you sure about ''postimpulsus vel postvexatio''? I mean, aftershock is how we call the earthquakes following a higher-inrensity earthquake, right? :::I just made a suggestion based on a direct translation. Even in english ''aftershock'' has many possible meanings not just an earthquake that follows a main earthquake. If you want a totally unambigous phrase then you can use something like: ''terrae motus parviores qui saepe terrae motum principalem sequuntur.'' --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:02, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::: I'd try ''motus recidivus'' or ''motus secundarius''. For example: In sismologia, '''motus recidivus''' est terrae motus qui post motum maiorem eodem loco minore vi accidit. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 00:25, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::Thx a lot!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 00:35, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Somehow motus secundarius sounds better to me than motus recidivus. Because recidivus does not imply that the motus are smaller.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:48, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::: Yes, I guess you're right. ''Morbus recidivus'' may be even worse than the original disease. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 03:44, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Director == Please see [[Disputatio_Formulae:Pellicula#%22Film%20Director%22%20Latine]]. What are your opinions? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 21:20, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Dates == Alright, I've been up and down the internet and can't find anything on this, so could any of you be of any help? How does one pronounce modern dates in latin? Here's an example and the specific problems. Marx Augustae Treverorum die 5 Maii 1818 natus est. Do I simply say day 5, i.e. die quinque, or do I say the fifth day and if so, which case? Is die masculine or feminine in this context? The same goes for the year. How does one pronounce 1818? What case is it? Any help would be greatly appreciated. :Good question. If we don't have a page explaining this (maybe we do somewhere ...) we need one. I think the answer is this. :The proper way for dates in the year is this. Die is ablative, meaning "on the ... day". The number should be read as an ordinal in the ablative to match, thus quinto (fifth) or vigesimo quinto (25th). The month is then in the genitive, meaning "... of May". :A year, immediately following such a date, would be "anni 1818" (but we usually don't bother to write the "anni") and that should all be read as an ordinal numeral in the genitive. As with any foreign language, this wants a lot of practice to get it fluent! :A year on its own (without day and month) will often be preceded by "anno" in the ablative, meaning "in the ... year", and, if you want to do it right, it should be read as an ordinal numeral in the ablative. Again, keep practising ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:04, 2 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Cur Vicipaedia computatione Julii non utitur? e.g. "die quinto Maii anno 1818" esse debet "a. d. III Non. Maii, MMDLXXII," (Roma condita anno DLIII ante Cristo) aut aliquid similis. Nollo offendere, tamen curiosus sum. Etiam, meam mediocrem Latinam ignoscatis, amabo te. Non optimus discipulus sum, et usum de Latina lingua requiro. -- Nemo Singularis :::Quod prima versio est moderna atque simplicius atque nobis magis intelligibilis. Hic in Vicipaedia utimur omnibus ingressis scientificis, numeris arabicis inclusis et [[Systema Internationale|systematis modernis]]. Non est nostrum propositum recreare hic mundum Caesaris historiam humanam ignorando.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 05:55, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Video. Illud rationum videtur. Tibi gratias ago. Atque deis immortalis gratias ago quod linguam Anglicam et non mathematicam (aut linguas antiquas) studeo. Cum aetatem Romae computabam, ducenta ommisi! --Nemo Occidaneus (Singularis) :::::Bene...Sed cave quod ''studeo'' non significat ''study'' sed ''I am eager''; ''study''~''disco'', ''discere''; vel etiam ''studeo''+''ablativo''->''I am eager with/for''~''I study''+''something''. Vale--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:31, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Viceregnum vel vicerregnum? == Hi! I've got a doubt. I found the article ''[[viceregnum Peruvianum]]'', but I think that the word ''viceregnum'' should be written with a double "r" - this way: ''vicerregnum'' -, because of the pronunciation. Unless the Latin "r" is always pronounced in the same way, I think that the pronunciation changes from a strong "r" (in regnum) to a softer "r" (in viceregnum).--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 02:22, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :viceregnum is correct from Latin "vice". --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 09:18, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::I agree with Alex. If there was any shift in pronunciation of intial ''r'' when such compounds were formed -- and no one can really know whether there was or not -- at any rate no change was reflected in the spelling. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:18, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::OK. Thx a lot!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 12:12, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Porta eruditionis == I know I'm a bit tiring on this... but nw it seems that we have more and more Latin students joining ([[Usor:Latinology]], [[usor:Kerrysheehy]], [[usor:Magistertatnall]]; cf [[Disputatio:Schola Tatnall]]) we should really start our porta eruditionis. What Iacobus has been doing today could be a way of dealing with this matter. And what about a template going beyond {{fn|tiro}}? We could ask these students to write their pages in the porta eruditionis and everybody could helo there, because if they create the pages, they might go unnoticed... Well, just a thought...--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 18:42, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :No, Xavi, you're absolutely right. I've been meaning to get off my ass and do something about this. December 19th is my last day, and I will have all of January for Vici. I promise to focus efforts on the Porta primarily.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:59, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::I think the idea of putting the beginners' pages within the Porta Eruditionis is a very good one. Can they be made sub-pages of the porta, e.g. [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Cinerella]]? Would that work? A template like {{fn|Tiro}}, with a date limit, meaning "Please let me work on this page until xxx date", might also be a good idea. Then, when the date is passed, we can upgrade and transfer the page if we want. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:45, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Or even [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Scriptorium/Cinerella]] so that we can have a list of subpages pages at the scriptorium? After the students' short reapperance today, I think for reason that the pages should be deleted due to our policies (poor latinity, not enough content, need vicification) I am going to move them to a scriptorium where they can be improved over time (these students only appear now and again). Any objections? To the word ''Scriptorium''? To the idea? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 17:44, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::Do it, I say. Scriptorium is a good word. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:36, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Not a big thing ... but the shorter [[Vicipaedia:Scriptorium/Cinerella]] might have advantages over [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Scriptorium/Cinerella]] ::::::# It is shorter ;-) ::::::# The link is easier to guess if someone refers to "Scriptorium". ::::::# The "Scriptorium" is not necessarily a part of the "Porta eruditionis" ::::::# We could have some introduction on page [[Vicipaedia:Scriptorium]] ::::::# The pages would be automatically linked up to this introduction on page [[Vicipaedia:Scriptorium]]. Now there is a link from [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Scriptorium/Cinerella]] directly to [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis]] and the Scriptorium-subpage will be skiped (it seems that pages shall not have more than one level of subpages). ::::::--[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 21:31, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Sorry for not seeing this sooner :S. The Idea of it being in the (longer to type) Porta Eruditionis is that it is for students to make rather than having an {{expungo|{{[[:Formula:In usu|In progressu]]}}|Nomen formulae mutavit --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} {{fn|In usu}} up for months (or as I mentioned above, poor latinity, not enough content, need vicification). I say that because somebody who is more adept at latin can have an {{expungo|''in progressu''|Nomen formulae mutavit --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} ''in usu'' on a normal page for a few weeks (as long as they keep going with it), but these students' sometimes un-vicipaedic work needs to stay somewhere. I could make a ''compendium'' ([[VP:PE/S]]) so it is easier to access or even make a [[Vicipaedia:Scriptorium]] as a redirect. I have completed an introduction and have put on links. What do you mean about the subpages being skipped? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 22:01, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::::::It seems that the existance of page [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis/Scriptorium]] makes it work. Now there are two links to parent pages provided in the top left corner of the page: "< Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis | Scriptorium". Before just this was provided: "< Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis". --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 21:00, 11 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I was just a little confused about this project...is this planned to be in vernacular languages, or completely in Latin? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 20:38, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Mea sententia scripturus erat Latine, sed etiam hic illic cum exemplis in aliis linguis, exempli gratia quomodo iam facimus in paginis [[Vicipaedia:Latinitas|de Latinitate]], fortasse cum ''dropdown menus'' in variis linguis. Quomodo dicitur ''dropdown menu'' Latine?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:47, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::delectus tabula replicabilis. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 23:07, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::Melius forsitan 'index replicabilis'?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:20, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Well, then it seems that the Porta Eruditionis should be in our new year resolutions. And when I finish the term, I will try to help more around here... I have been rather busy and left vici aside... sorry!--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 11:09, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Attestation City! == Today's ''New York Times'' has an article that publishes attestations of the following names: :''Alfredus Maximus'' 'Alfred the Great' :''Georgius Bushus Senior'' 'George Bush Senior' :''Hillaria Clintona'' 'Hillary Clinton' :''Williamus Clintonus'' 'Bill Clinton' :''Jacobus Garfieldus'' 'James Garfield' :''Rudius Giulianus'' 'Rudy Giulani' :''Alanus Hollinghurstus'' 'Alan Hollinghurst' :''Thomas Jeffersonus'' 'Thomas Jefferson' :''Nixonus'' 'Nixon' :''Barackus Obamus'' 'Barack Obama' :''Jacobus Polkus'' 'James Polk' :''Academia Philliporum'' 'Phillips Academy' :''Eduardus Rooseveltus'' 'Edward [''sic''] Roosevelt' :''Conlegium Williami Mariaeque'' 'The College of William and Mary' :''Episcopi Loughlin Memor Schola Alta'' [?] 'Bishop Loughlin Memorial High School' :''Fontium Caldorum Schola Aqua'' [''sic!''] 'Hot Springs High School' :''Hiram Conlegium'' 'Hiram College' :''Patres Fundantes'' 'The Founding Fathers' :''Virginiae Universitatis'' 'The University of Virginia' :''Wellesleia'' 'Wellesley [College]' :''Whittior'' 'Whittier [California]' :''Whittioris Schola'' 'Whittier School' :''Williamiburgus'' (oppidum in Virginia) Ecce fons: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/03/opinion/03mount-latin.html. Hmmmmm. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 23:12, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :It also provides an attestation for 'docere' = 'to learn' ("Jeffersonus, novem annos natus, linguas Latinam et Graecam ad scholam in Virginia pontifice Caledonio administratam docere coepit." = "Jefferson started learning Latin and Greek at age 9 at a school in Virginia run by a Scottish clergyman."). [[Usor:128.138.64.185|128.138.64.185]] 23:25, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :''Eduardus Rooseveltus'' is used for 'Teddy Roosevelt.' ("Teddy Roosevelt studied classics at Harvard." = "Eduardus Rooseveltus aeterna Harvardi didicit.") [[Usor:128.138.64.185|128.138.64.185]] 23:35, 3 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Any credence for this attestions is in my opinion undermined by the fact that he uses 'studere' instead of 'discere' for 'to study,learn'. And 'docere' means 'to teach' not 'to learn'. His level of latinitas is dubium.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:32, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::And by what logic, Jeffersonus Clintonus but yet Hillaria Clintona, since when do surnames change with the gender of the person. Would Caesar's daughter have been Caesarea and not Caesar? Should my name be Garcius? And what's with the use of lengthy Roman numerals--shouldn't latins avail themselves of advances in science? Don't get me wrong, he makes a good point about studying latin and roman history. A point that needs to be made now more than ever. However, as a source he is untrustworthy.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:41, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::I know, I know, and the first sentence (''Primum, duces nostros linguam Latinam non iam studere triste non videtur'') even uses the rare (or "wrong"?) ''studeo'' + acc. instead of + gen. or dat. But the point is that the ''New York Times'' is a well-known & reputable publication, and those are therefore attestations, whether we like them or not (and for the most part, I don't). If we're going to remorphologize ''Obama,'' there's no reason why it can't be ''Obama, -ae, m.,'' and accordingly no need to make it ''Obamus, -i, m.'' And if we're going to treat the English suffix ''-ey'' as Latin ''-eia,'' then we might as well go with ''Sydneia'' instead of whatever we now use (and I seldom remember)&mdash;and likewise, ''Britneia'' (as in ''Spears''). Aiieee! O aqualem vermium! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 04:43, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::It's a publication, but it isn't known as a reliable source of Latin. In any case, many of our "reliable sources" differ among themselves. I think wise Vicipaediani will adopt the NYT's attestations when really convincing. When they are not convincing, the most we should do is to footnote them -- without adopting them. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:21, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Interesting question: Did Roman women have surnames? And if, which ones? --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 08:31, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::To answer Rafael above, in some languages that have both declension and gender, surnames do regularly change with the gender of the person. In modern Greek, for example. And modern Greek resembles Latin in this. Hence, in Latin, we get Iulius/Iulia, Clodius/Clodia (which are nomina); or Marcellus/Marcella (which is a cognomen). Curiously, if we rely on usual sources, Roman women did not have or use ''forenames''! Their names as known to us are nearly always based on nomina and/or cognomina, i.e. on ''surnames''. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:21, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Well I've learned something! Very interesting. How the world changes.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:26, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::I would think that in a modern context, the husbands name would be in the genitive Hillary Rodam of Clinton->Hillaria Rodama Clintoni (following the pattern of the NYT article of translating all the names, not the Vicpaedia standard).--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:30, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :This guy just wrote a book called ''Carpe Diem: Put a Little Latin in Your Life'' discussing the ways in which Latin has crept into normal parlance, with rudimentary grammar. He follows the same conventions, annoyingly, in his book. The final straw was ''Tomassus Crusius'', I almost threw up. I have some praise for the book, some of it is endearing, and the stories he tells about Latin in his own experience and in the experience of others is valuable. But I don't like his Latin.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 17:58, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == primus minister VS. minister primarius == Hi all. Sorry if this is an oldie, but there seems to be no consensus on "primus minister" vs. "minister primarius" as the translation of "prime minister." (I find primus minister [[Primi ministri Graeciae|here]], [[Antonius Blair|here]]; minister primarius [[Robertus Walpole|here]].) It seems to me it should be "minister primarius," as I understand "primus" to be principally (if not exclusively?) ordinal, i.e. denoting "first in a sequence," whereas primarius means "primary," i.e. "foremost," which I think best expresses the role of the PM in most parliamentary systems. What do you think? I'd like to do up stipulae for Canadian prime ministers and I'd like to start dextro pede. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 05:19, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I think it should be ''primarius minister''. It is so quoted in [[Morgan]]'s gloss.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:48, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Placet! [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 22:16, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Does Morgan give a source? For the United Kingdom, definitive attestations most likely appear in the Latin summaries of debates in Parliament. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:08, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == [[Glossae Aemilianenses]] == Could you please review and correct this article? Maximas gratias ago. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 19:28, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : Paginam inspexi, multa didici, parva correxi. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 22:12, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Gratias! ;) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 09:07, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Carat == Hi again!!! A new doubt: what's the Latin for carat (vel karat)?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 22:55, 4 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I don't know the latin word for that exists. If necessary you may need to coin an equivalent, either from the original greek, e.g. ''keratio'' or from the romance languages. To me ''caratus'' seems the better choice. Regardless, you can avoid the whole issue and just state the weight in standard SI units: chiliogrammata, grammata, or milligrammata. A metric carat is 200 milligrammata.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:02, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :: The current word for carat is ''ceratium''; see [http://www.farlang.com/gemstones/catelle-precious-stones/page_069 W.R.Cattelle (1903) ''Precious Stones'', p.69]; cf. Isid.''Orig.'' 16.25.10 & 11; also ''Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch'' sub voce. Other variants are attested (''caratus'', ''caratta'', ''carrata'', etc.) but I believe ''ceratium'' is the standard. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 02:23, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Dominus Miraculorum == Could you please review and correct [[Dominus Miraculorum|this article]]? Thank you in advance.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 14:31, 5 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : It looks like it might turn out into a really nice page. I feel bad not having helped improve it. Unfortunately, my specialty just isn't religion.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:04, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Set, Superset, Subset == Verba latina quaero pro "Menge, Obermenge, Untermenge" (in English: set, superset, subset) in contextu mathematicae. Num quis me adiuvare potest? -- [[Usor:Scriptor17|Scriptor17]] 17:42, 8 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Credo verbum pro ''set'' esse recte ''collectio''; ergo ''superset'' est ''supercollectio'' et ''subset'' est ''subcollectio''.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:57, 8 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :: Equidem puto a vocabulo ''copiae'' proficiscendum esse: ''copia'' 'Menge', ''subcopia'' 'Untermenge', ''supercopia'' 'Obermenge'. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 03:40, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Cave, quod in mathematica ''set'' potest significare et elementi multitudinem {A,B,C,...} et solum unum elementum {A} et nihil elementi {}. Copia non potest mea sententia significare {A} et {}. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:07, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::: Meum profecto non est tecum de mathematica altercari! Sed si 'empty set' Germanice ''leere Menge'' dici potest, non video, cur etiam de ''vacua copia'' loqui non possimus. Mea quidem sententia nihil obstat, quin ''copiam'' putemus tamquam involucrum quoddam abstractum membrorum quorum numerus a zero ad infinitum extenditur. Sed ut dixi, de hisce rebus tu me melius cognovisti. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 04:36, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::Post unos dies illum pensando, assentio cum Neandro quod ''copia'' sensum ''set'' aptior capit quam ''collectio''. Causa est quod copia (grammaticali in numero singulari) semper significat numerum rerum similarum quendam, aut abundantia quaedam. Collectio autem significat numerum qui colligitur quemquam etsi dissimilares sint. Ita ''collectio' est generalior quam ''copia'', sicut ''collectio'' est generalior quam ''set''.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:24, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Centuries == I think that centuries should be written using Roman numerals because I'm quite sure that that was the way they had been written. Nowadays, in all Romance languages they are written with Roman numerals. I'm not sure, but I think that English-speaking people are the only ones who use arabic numerals for writing centuries.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 02:29, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Don't our German comrades use Arabic numerals? [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 01:14, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Yes, English speakers are not quite unique after all. But, like Le K-li, when writing Latin I find it handy to write centuries with a Roman numeral. One can do this while still linking them to the century page, thus [[Saeculum 10|saeculo X]]. I don't think anyone objects! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:01, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::I'm with you . . . "saeculo 10" just looks wrong. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 19:23, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::It means that I'm not the only one who thinks so!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 14:36, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) PS: Does anybody know how to say ''conquest'' in Latin? -Le K-li :Can you provide a context? As in "He has achieved many conquests?" or "to conquer" or "the conquest of gaul"? --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:39, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Conquest, from conquer.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 05:05, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::If you don't say which sense of conquest you are looking for I have no idea how to answer the question except by trying to guess every conceivable possibility. It is customary to supply a context when asking for a meaning by supplying a phrase using the term. Conquest in the sense of conquered country? the idea of conquering? the action of conquering? etc... OK here is my attempt to guess what may have been in your head: conquer = vincere, conquered country = terra victa or natio victa; abstract idea of conquering/winning = victoria. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 07:38, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::What I want is to know how is it called the process of conquering a country, e. g. The Spanish Conquest, wich is referred to the process of conquering the Inca and Aztec (and other civilizations) empires.--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:09, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::William the Conqueror was sometimes called in Latin texts "Gulielmus Conquestor". [[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 15:53, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::We have been using conquisitator fr the conquest (cf [[Conquisitatores Hispani|Conquisitatores Hispanos]] and its disputatio page), although for the Spaish ''Reconquista'' I think that ''Recuperatio'' has been used--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 16:36, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Again it depends precisely on what you want to say: in the sense of subjugating the people one could write: ''subiugatio Hispanica''; In the sense of invasion, e.g. ''invasio Hispanica''; in the sense of seizing and colonizing a country: ''occupatio Hispanica''. Conquisitor literally means "one who searches or inspects", i.e. an explorer and the conquistadors where so called because they explored the "unclaimed" lands in order to claim them for their home countries. Of course they did a little conquering/subjugating in addition to exploring.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:55, 9 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Language articles == I'm adding some articles for language families and languages, and I've upgraded (I think!) the infobox (see {{fn|Capsa linguae}} and {{fn|Capsa familiae linguarum}}). (I see Harrissimo has just upgraded {{fn|Lingua artificiosa}} to match.) The colours in these boxes will match the cross-wiki colours for language families. I'm planning to check some details in the existing infoboxes, and one thing I am itching to do is to reduce the number of sub-families and sub-sub-families and sub-sub-sub-families listed in certain cases (see for example [[Lingua Aragonica]]). This sort of hair-splitting is popular in one or two traditions of linguistics, and the worthy [[:en:Summer Institute of Linguistics]] thinks it's fun, and from the SIL database it has passed into en:wiki. Other linguists think that you can never do it satisfactorily, and when you have done it as best you can it hasn't necessarily taught you very much; I'm one of those. I've nothing against discussing the sub-classifications in the text of language-family articles, all in favour in fact, best place for it, but I don't think these always-arguable details belong in infoboxes. If anyone disagrees, tell me now! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:22, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) I have added a variant infobox {{fn|Capsa linguae desuetae}} for languages that are extinct or are no longer anyone's mother tongue (because in these cases certain details will never be relevant, and there are others that need to be added in their place). It can be seen in use at [[Lingua Latina]] and various registers and periods of Latin for which we have articles (cf. next section!). If anyone thinks some detail should be added to it, better say so now. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:37, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Formula {{fn|Historia Linguae Latinae}} == I think some correction should be made to this template. I miss a very important thing in it: after ''sermo vulgaris'', Latin is called ''linguae Romanicae'', as these are the live continuation of Latin language, because the so called ''Latin'' ceased to be spoken. So what we call then Medieval Latin, New Latin, etc. is just an artificially re-created language, because live Latin now is called Spanish, Italian, etc. I just suggest indicating it some way in the template. Gratias. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 19:39, 10 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Nunquam tamen desisterunt docti Latine loqui: sermo doctorum medii aevi non erat lingua quaedam Latina renata vel reconstituta sed lingua Latina vera per ecclesiam transmissa. Nec sunt linguae hodiernae quas commemoravisti (Hispanica, Italiana, Francogallica) minus "reconstitutae" quam lingua Latina medio aevo propria: erant olim mille sermones per orbem qui a lingua Latina originem tractabant, quos "dialecta" nominamus, priusquam docti linguas Romanicas aedificaverunt. Censeo linguam Latiniam aequam cum linguis Romanicis dignitatem merere (vel meruisse), etsi alius sermo alium propositum servat. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 00:36, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Jackmitchell recte dicit. Mea sententia est absurdum appellare linguas modernas Hispanicas, Francicas, Italicas linguam Latinam modernam. Sunt linguae assequelae, sed distinctae.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:21, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Memento quod dixit linguista Max Weinreich anno 1945: "אַ שפראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמײ און פֿלאָט" = "A shprakh iz a dialekt mit an armey un flot" = "Lingua est dialectos cui sunt exercitus et classis"! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 02:23, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::I never saw that in the original language before -- [cf. [[:en:A language is a dialect with an army and navy|en:]] -- thanks, Iacobe! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Inter Vicipaediam anglicam et Latinam, formulae de hoc differunt: :::::Anglica: vetus <75 acn; classica 75acn-200; medievalis 300-1300; renascentis 1300-1600; nova 1600-1900; recens >1900 :::::Latina: vetus <75 acn; classica 75acn-100; vulgaris 200-800; medievalis 800-1500; humanista scientificaque 1500-1700; neolatina >1700 ::::::Nescio satis de historia. Quid est correctum?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:41, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Formula nostra non admittit status semi-coaevales linguae; sed re vera habemus. "Sermo vulgaris" debemus distinguere a saec. 2 a.C.n.; lingua post-classica (Ammiani Marcellini, Sidonii, etc.) omissa est; lingua scientifica utuntur et hodie; lingua ecclesiastica omissa est; linguae Romanicae, ut recte dicit Mexicanus, omissae sunt. Sed quis potest formulam complicatiorem facere? Minime ego! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Sane dictum illud praeclarum Maximi Weinreich diligo, sed spectat ad linguas vivas. Utcumque si volumus dictum linguae nostrae adhibere, significari videtur dialectos Hispanicam, Francicam, Italicam, etc. linguas proprias esse et, mirabile dictu, Vicipaediis propriis et suis dignas. Di meliora! --[[Usor:Iustinus|Iustinus]] 07:08, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Hm, thank you for your answers, but may be you didn't catch my idea. What I say is, that up to the 6th century, approximately, Latin was the '''native''' language of many people; maybe there were already dialects, but they did not differ so much to not call them Latin. But after the 8th century, Latin in its relatively united form stopped to exist, it was no longer a native language of '''any''' people, because by then, they spoke any of the '''dialects''' we call now ''Romance languages.'' I hope you just don't want to say me that Latin is spoken natively by people now :))) (Well, maybe there are people who learnt it very well, but it is not native and first language of anyone.) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 07:24, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :You're quite right; in a proper lingua Latina timeline the Romance languages have to be there. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:31, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) My suggestion is to divide the timeline after ''Sermo Vulgaris'': the upper banner would be the same now it is, and create a lower banner saying ''Linguae Romanicae'', paralelly. Shall I do it? --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 18:16, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) === This is how I imagine it: === {| align="center" class="wikitable" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="6" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[75 a.C.n.]]'' || ''[[75 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 2 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 8]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 8]] usque ad [[saeculum 15]]'' || ''[[saeculum 15]] usque ad hodie'' || ''[[saeculum 17]] usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="2" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || rowspan="2" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Latina humanista]] et [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | colspan=3 align="center" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} I put a grey background for the last 3 simbolizing that they are not native languages. If you know a better or nicer solution, you can edit and try it here how it looks. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 18:46, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I would think that the following would be more accurate, historically, though I haven't tried fixing the formating. (the grey looks ugly and the last rows need to be centered. {| align="center" class="wikitable" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="6" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[75 a.C.n.]]'' || ''[[75 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 2 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 14]]'' || ''[[saeculum 14]] usque ad hodie'' || ''[[saeculum 17]] usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="2" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Latina humanista]] et [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] || bgcolor="#cccccc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || colspan="2" bgcolor="#cccccc" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 19:28, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) I corrected the formatting, but the problem with your version is that Romance languages already existed in the 10th century. For example Spanish is not spoken just from the 15th century, the first poem is from the 12nd. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 19:50, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :thanks for the formatting assist But I think that spanish (castilian) did not exist as a formal distinct language with a dictionary and grammar until the 14th century. "The first steps toward standardization of written Castilian were taken in the thirteenth century by King Alfonso X of Castile, known as Alfonso el Sabio. He assembled scribes at his court and supervised their writing, in Castilian, of extensive works on history, astronomy, law, and other fields of knowledge." Before that I suppose it would be indistinguishable from ''sermo vulgaris tardis in hispania''. Anyway give or take a hundred years isn't a big deal in this I think. These evolutions were not overnight but gradual.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:00, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::One question is the standardization and another the fact of existence of a language. The first Castilian poem was writen in the 12th century ''(Cantar de Mio Çid)'' and it was a complete and mature language by then. You would understand it almost as well as today's Spanish. The age of a language is not the same as when it was first used in literature. :) Another suggestion to the timeline, we should also indicate with different colors that Romance languages are the live, or, more precisely, historical continuation of Latin. What do you think? --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:07, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::One solution is to split this column into two? Like this the romance languages can arise earlier than lingua humanista? Or we can just understand the century to be approximate plus or minus 200 years. I don't agree that medieval or even neolatina isn't a historical continuation of latin. It is in fact a continuation that is historical. THe fact that latin wasn't anyone's native tongue in the 17th century is important, but when the romance languages split off from latin, then they became separate languages, no longer latin. Latin is latin, french is french, spanish is spanish, all different.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:15, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::The problem is, what I try to explain, that Romance languages did not "split off" from Latin. They are THE Latin in its always live and evoluting form. Latin and Romance languages never existed paralelly as live languages. Once we are talking of Romance languages, there is no live but artificially maintained Latin. The error is as many people imagine, that there was a Latin language and once from the nothing appeared the Romance languages and the Latin continued to be spoken. But it was never this way :D --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:33, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::My point is do you define a language by who speaks it or by its grammar, rules, and vocabulary? I'm sorry but those colors below are hideous...--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:24, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Sorry to just be butting in now, but perhaps on the left we might have links to oscan or umbrian or the like?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 19:48, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) But Oscan and Umbrian are separate languages, while the romance languages are the live continuation of Latin. Oscan and Umbrian are not dialects or mother languages of Latin. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 19:52, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) What about this? {| align="center" class="wikitable" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="6" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[75 a.C.n.]]'' || ''[[75 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 2 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 14]]'' || ''[[saeculum 14]] usque ad hodie'' || ''[[saeculum 17]] usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || bgcolor="#ffcccc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#ffcccc" | [[Lingua Latina humanista]] et [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] || bgcolor="#ffcccc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || colspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:20, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) THe following is the truth as I see it, although the colors are hideous.[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:26, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) {| align="center" class="wikitable" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="6" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[75 a.C.n.]]'' || ''[[75 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 2 a.C.n.]] usque ad [[saeculum 14]]'' || ''[[saeculum 14]] usque ad hodie'' || ''[[saeculum 17]] usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina humanista]] et [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} No, because the living continuation are the Romance languages, not the Medieval or Scientific Latin. This is what the green color was supposed to mean. :) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:36, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I really don't have a clue about this new concept you are pushing. If I go to school to learn spanish I expect spanish to be taught, if latin, latin. This "living continuation" is nonsense; living continuation of latin is Newton and Gauss, not Les Miserables and el Cid. Castilian did not continue latin it REPLACED it. They're called linguae Romanicae not linguae latinae.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:57, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::I explained it in Spanish in your discussion page. I think you forgot one thing: a living language is in constant evolution. It is not the same during 2000 years. So, Latin was a living language like any other, but its form we call '''now''' Latin, was just some (let's say 300 years) of its history, then step by step it converted to the Romance languages. I never said they were not different languages, of course they are, but the concept would be the correct representation in the history timeline. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 21:16, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :This is nearer the truth, I think. Vulgar Latin (our Sermo vulgaris") is contemporary with Classical and post-Classical Latin. The Romance languages are undoubtedly a continuation of spoken Latin; the problem may be with fitting too many different views of language into a timeline! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:06, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :One more edit. The colours, to me, mean: written/classical standard (green); spoken language (red). Of course, the Romance languages developed their own written and classical standards, but that's too far beyond a Latin timeline I think. :We should remember that the only purpose of this should be to guide readers to articles in which the issues are discussed. Truth does not reside in timelines. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:12, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) {| align="center" id="toc" cellpadding="4" |- align="center" ! bgcolor="#ccccff" colspan="7" | Historia [[Lingua Latina|Linguae Latinae]] |- align="center" | ''usque ad [[saeculum 2 a.C.n.|saec. 2]]/1 a.C.n.'' || ''saec. 2/1 a.C.n. usque ad [[saeculum 1|1]] p.C.n.'' || ''[[saeculum 1]] usque ad [[saeculum 8|8]] || [[saeculum 9]] usque ad [[saeculum 14|14]]'' || ''[[saeculum 14]] usque ad [[saeculum 19|19]]'' || ''saeculum 19 usque ad hodie'' |- align="center" | rowspan="3" bgcolor="cccccc" | '''[[Lingua Latina archaica]]''' || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | '''[[Lingua Latina classica|Lingua Latina classica vel aurea]]''' || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina post-classica|Lingua Latina argentea et post-classica]] || rowspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina mediaevalis]] || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina humanistica]] || bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Neolatina]] |- align="center" | colspan="2" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | [[Lingua Latina scientifica]] |- align="center" | colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | '''[[Sermo vulgaris]]''' || colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | '''[[Linguae Romanicae]]''' ([[Lingua Francica|Francica]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], [[Lingua Italica|Italica]], etc.) |} What about this one? I like it :) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 21:22, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :It seems like a nice compromise and much more accurate to the truth than any of the previous versions.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:32, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) I'm glad that we could agree about it. So, lets execute the changes. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 21:47, 11 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : The table looks real fine but it appears to suggest that the "Sermo vulgaris" didn't begin until saec.2/1 BC. But of course it run as an undercurrent even in the archaic period. Plautine Latin (and the kind) represents the written form of this sort of sermo. This is clearer in the timeline given in the article on the "Lingua Latina archaica". --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 00:00, 12 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::My intention was to cover the vulgaris aspect of Plautus by ''saec. 2 BC'' and the beginning of classical Latin by ''saec. 1 BC''. ::To make finer distinctions, and e.g. distinguish the beginning of scientific Latin from the beginning of Humanist Latin, we might need a different design. But, I say again, truth doesn't reside in timelines. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:57, 12 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::::Ummmm, I know this is out of order, but I lost the thread. Mexicane, I quote from Palmer: :::::::"These so called 'Italic dialects' (Volscian, Velitrian, Oscan, Umbrian, Paelignian, Marrucinian, Vestinian, etc)indubitably show many resemblances to Latin, but the precise degree of relationship is difficult to determine. Scholars are undecided whether they are to be regarded as different dialects of one and the same language, 'Italic', or as separate languages." ::::::Deserves mention in the history of lingua latina, as I reckon.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 01:58, 12 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Not to complicate an already complicated discussion which has been ably de-complicated already, but isn't there a strong socio-linguistic aspect to all this? I mean, I think we can say that if Cicero wasn't speaking Latin, nobody was; but Cicero and his cook might be speaking quite different idioms ("sermo classicus" vs. "vulgaris," I guess). Likewise, I presume that your average Gaul in Lyon might speak, from the very get-go, quite a "dialectical" form of Latin. So by the time we get to Ausonius writing beautiful classical Latin (and perhaps speaking it - who knows?) while the rest of the world apart from his class is well on the way to speaking Romance languages, we've got the coexistence of two languages; and who's to say people don't grow up speaking more than one language, one "classical" and the other everyday? We've practically reached this stage in English now, I'd say, in that there's a fairly noticeable difference between literary and scientific English and ordinary speech: we just rarely see the latter in written form, so we call the former "correct." For all I know (which isn't much) the educated classes of, say, the 10th century might still have felt that popular speech and Church Latin were in some sense the same language, even if we don't now regard them as such. Anyway, none of this affects the latest timeline which strikes me as excellent, but just to say we should beware of essentialising language. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 04:34, 12 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Betawiki: better support for your language in MediaWiki == Dear community. I am writing to you to promote a special wiki called [[betawiki:|Betawiki]]. This wiki facilitates the localisation (l10n) of the MediaWiki interface. You may have changed many messages here to use your language in the interface, but if you would log in to for example the Japanese language Wiktionary, you would not be able to use the interface as well translated as here. In fact, of over 1,700 messages in the core of MediaWiki, 1030 messages have been translated. Betawiki also supports the translation of messages for well over 100 extensions, with over 1,550 messages. Translators for over 70 languages contribute their work to MediaWiki this way every month. 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This is the [http://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&namespace=8&trailer=%2Fla recent localisation activity] for your language. Thanks, [[Specialis:Conlationes/80.56.11.13|80.56.11.13]] 10:10, 26 Aprilis 2008 (UTC) == Sermo vulgaris et biblia vulgata == THe recent discusison of sermo vulgaris as distinct from classical latin, got me to wondering if vulgar latin circa 400 AD corresponds to the latin in the biblia sacrata as translated by Jerome? The point is that at 400AD , the vulgar latin in the bible seems hardly different from Ciceronian latin except for, I would say, style and some seemingly minor vocabulary choices. Or did I miss something.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:49, 13 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :A big issue, maybe one for an article rather than a Taberna item! First, the differences betweeen the Vulgate and Cicero are greater than you suggest (look again at the word order, the structure and linking of sentences, the Vulgate's use of the present participle and of relative clauses). Second, Ciceronian Latin is not a monolith: Cicero's letters are closer to the sermo vulgaris than his orations. Third, although Plautus, Cicero, Apuleius and Jerome all give us evidence of the sermo vulgaris, it is indirect. The texts that give more ''direct'' evidence of Vulgar Latin are inscriptions (notably graffiti) and totally unliterary documents (''[[Apicius]]'' is an example). [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:48, 13 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :A point I should have mentioned is that (as with all languages) pronunciation changes continuously, and may not be reflected in spelling. That's the case with Latin, and it's why graffiti, written by people who can't spell, are so useful. That's also why the emergence of Romance languages appears sudden. It wasn't: rather, they become suddenly visible to us at the point when (in the 9th/10th century) they were recognized as so distinct from Latin that in order to write them effectively a new orthography was adopted. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:13, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::The main difference between spanish and latin, it seems to me, is not so much in the vocabulary and pronunciation as in the loss of case structure and connecting words.And apparently both case structure and connecting words are in full evidence in Jerome's bible.By 400 the pronunciation may have evolved, the grammar seems to have evolved only slightly. :::I repeat: the evidence that Jerome gives of the sermo vulgaris is indirect. Vulgate is not identical with Vulgar. But there's quite a bit in the Vulgate that would have horrified Cicero's grammar teacher. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:24, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Indeed good points.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:23, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::You're saying that at some point Latin was like english, where we don't pronounce things the way they are spelt, and spelling is a difficult skill to master in itself. I think there is plenty to suggest that that is what was happening. Nevertheless, it is surprising to me that the difference between Vulgate and Ciceronian latin is no larger than the difference between english 300 years ago and english of today, because 400 years later the language had become so different. It suggests to me that something significant happened after 400. And indeed something did. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:32, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Until 400 the Army, administration, Empire-wide trade, transport and culture, all strongly discouraged the break-up of spoken Latin into dialects; and, in addition, encouraged the maintenance of a single written standard. The collapse of the Empire was crucial linguistically. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:24, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Yes indeed, as you say, that event seems to be pivotal. Judging from how modern english came into being, wars, invasions, etc., more generally, seem to be the main causes of large language shifts. These in addition to illiteracy and what one may call "bulkanization" of a culture. All of these causes seem plentiful after the fall of the empire.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:23, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::There's a parallel, if I recall correctly, in the seemingly quick change from Old English to Middle English: the Norman conquest didn't just suddenly discourage people from inflecting their nouns, but by making Norman French the language of administration it lifted the veil, as it were, on centuries of linguistic change which had not been reflected in the written language. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 02:20, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Graffiti == Eh, I'm trying to write an article ''[[Custodes (comicus)]]'', and I cannot seem to find the word for graffiti, aside from ''figura graphio exarata'' from [[Lexicon Vaticanum Rerum Novarum]], which is awkward and doesn't really fit in this situation...got any better words? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 06:38, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Potest oportere neologismo uti, sicut graphitus -i, quod secundum [http://detotunpocmao.blogspot.com/2007/09/graffiti-maones.html fontem dubiosam iterretialem], "Es un término tomado del latín graphiti: en italiano, "graffiti" es el plural de graffito, que significa "marca o inscripción hecha rascando o rayando un muro" y así se llaman las inscripciones que han quedado en las paredes desde tiempos del Imperio Romano. Raffaele Garrucci divulgó el término en medios académicos internacionales a mediados del siglo XIX." Si hoc neologismo uteris, oportet te scribere exempli gratia graphiti, id est figura graphio exarata in muris vel locis publicis...aut similes. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:52, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Priusquam verbum finxeritis, date tempus quo petam. Credo me aliquid sequi...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 01:50, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Civitas antiqua == ¿Podría alguien traducir [[:es:Plantilla:Estado desaparecido|esta plantilla]]? Me parece mejor que la que [[Formula:antiqua civitas|actualmente tenemos]].--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:49, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :No se de esto mucho, pero seria bueno si dijeras las razones por que sientes que es mejor.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:26, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Es que incluye más información, aparte de la que ya trae la [[Formula:antiqua civitas|plantilla actual]]. También podría traducirse la [[:en:template:infobox Former Country|versión inglesa]].--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 17:51, 14 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == [[Sermo vulgaris]] == I added an example text in Hispanian Vulgar Latin (or proto-Spanish), which is much closer yet to Latin than the Old-French text you put. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:46, 15 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Translation == Could any one help me to finish translating [[Usor:Le K-li/Formula:Antiqua civitas II|this]]? Thx in advance!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 05:26, 17 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I'd like to help, but it's so complicated! It's difficult to know where to plunge in. But for "sine definiundo" you might want "sine definitione". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:05, 17 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::OK--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 21:14, 17 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == 10% == I am unsure of how to write percents in Latin..."''Decem partes humani ADN per centem est fragmenta endogenuorum retroviorum''" would this work for something like "''Ten percent of human DNA is fragments of endogenous retroviruses''"? Tibi gratias ago! -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 06:45, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Centum for one. For two, I'm not entirely sure, but I bet Rafael knows.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 12:54, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Berard uses ordinal +pars ex centum, thus 10% -> decima pars ex centum. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:37, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Nonne "''e'' centum" esse debet? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 20:17, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Berard's book, it turns out, has two instances where he quotes a percent: :: "... Experimentum, qualiacumque sint eius singula, ita constitutum est ut quinquagesimis partibus ex centum (50%) probabile sit fore ut gasum liberetur eademque portione sit probabile non fore. ..." :which I translate-->"THe experiment,..., is so constituted so that with the 50th part out of a hundred it be probable so that the gas be liberated..." :: "...Alterna condicione, quod ad unicam particulam quampiam attinet, tolli possint ad amussim quinquaginta partes ex centum (“50%”) et (I) omnium momenti impetus numerorum qui particulæ tribui possint et simul (II) omnium locorum quos eadem particula occupare possit." :which I translate--> "With the other condition, ...,they (the probabilities) can be raised to almost 50 parts out of 100.... both (I) of ...and at the same time (II) of...." :Note that in the second case he does not use the ordinal but in both cases he prefers ex to e in front of a number, despite the fact that the number begins with a consonant. So that the formula he uses is: number + pars ex centum. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:20, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::In your case "Decem partes Humani ADN e centum" -> ten parts of human DNA out of 100, may or may not quite mean what you intend. But "Decima pars Humani ADN e centum"-> A tenth part of Human DNA out of 100, which catches your meaning of 10% more closely. Or even more simply "Decima pars Humani ADN" already says 10% of human DNA, right?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:30, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::It would seem to me that "decima pars ex centum" is a conflation of "decima pars" and "decem partes e(x) centum". "Quinquagesima pars ex centum" is of course nonsens, "a 50th part out of a hundred" being more likely 2% than 50%. "Quinquaginta partes ex centum" on the other hand would make perfect sense. In normal Latin idiom X partes (X being a cardinal number) means X parts out of (X+1), but by adding the "ex centum" the default denominator of X+1 is effectively cancelled. --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 21:57, 18 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Yeah. You make a good point. It sounds like Berard made a goof. It should be a cardinal rather than ordinal.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:27, 19 Decembris 2007 (UTC) Please, don't forget that Latin has a noun for 'percent', viz. '''centesima'''. So, I'd translate "Ten percent of human DNA is fragments of endogenous retroviruses" as ''Denae centesimae humani ADN e fragmentis retrovirorum endogenorum constant''. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 03:21, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Portae == I would like to create some portals like [[Porta:Finnia]]. I would prefer [[Porta:Berolina]], [[Porta:Germania]] and [[Porta:Francia]]. I could collect the articles of these regions but I need the graphic/basic for it. Thanks a lot[[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 15:16, 19 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :As you can probably see, I used a messy formula which was made straight from the wiki programming. I would advise that you do [http://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pagina_prima&action=edit what the Pagina Prima does] and create various templates with your own colours, text etc. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 15:36, 22 Decembris 2007 (UTC). :I've [http://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Porta:Finnia&diff=408574&oldid=408543 changed it] now, so you might want to copy. What do others think about Portae? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 18:31, 22 Decembris 2007 (UTC). ::I think they are fine so long as there are people to keep them active and updated. It's something that Vicipaedia has to consider seriously because, compared with major-language Wikipedias, we editors are thin on the ground. I guess the main thing is to plan low-maintenance portae etc. I agree, too, that following to some extent the pattern of the Pagina prima has a couple of advantages: some of the layout work is done for you, and the design looks better because it matches what we have already. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:01, 23 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::: I put together a template that should make the creation of a portal fairly easy: {{fn|Porta Vicipaediana}}. It is not too flexible, but it should allow for a good start. When you create a portal (see [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 1]]), you just have to specify a page title ("titulus") and create the introduction text (which is mandatory, that's the "caput" redlink). ::: You will automatically be provided with suggestions for further items to add to your portal (that's the "Tu quoque adiuvare potes" box). If you decide to do all this, your portal will look similar to [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2]]. Hope it's useful, and merry Christmas! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 01:25, 25 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::::Thanks for the information. It still seems better to me if someone of you create the formula of a portal like [[Porta:Berolina]] or [[Porta:Germania]], then i fill it in the next days. I am not sure with the formulae. Merry Christmas![[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 10:01, 25 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::To UV: Thank you for the work! Is there any way you could have the font colour and formatting as an option (like with the white and caps in the dark blue the present [[Porta:Finnia]]?). :::::: Sure, see [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2]]. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 02:33, 27 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::To Vulpinus: UV has set it out quite clearly. Maybe you should start the [[Porta:Germania]] and, when (or if) you go wrong, you can be corrected. It doesn't look hard to use and I'll undoubtedly be converting the Porta:Finnia to it soon. You could even make [[usor:Vulpinus/Porta:Germania]] so that you don't need to worry about slipping up? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 01:32, 27 Decembris 2007 (UTC). ::::::I tried it analoge to [[Porta:Finnia]] but failed. Could oyu please help me? Thank you. http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania:Prt-finnia-intro, http://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Vulpinus/Porta:Germania [[Usor:Vulpinus|Vulpinus]] 10:14, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Correct format for adding grammatical information == What would be the correct/preferred format for adding grammatical information, like the genetive-ending and the gender, to a word? Do we have a standard? --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 08:40, 20 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :see the page [[Physica]] for an example. You'll notice the link to the latin wiki dictionary entry for the word (In this case the link takes you to the entry for chemia which has the same declension pattern.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:16, 20 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == De verbis non iuxta sed infra imaginem ponendis == Quomodo faciam ut verba mea non ''iuxta'' sed ''infra'' imaginem ponantur? Vide, exempli gratia, [[Vacalus#Notae|hic]] et [[Disputatio:Diminutivum (Latinum)#Nova tabula|hic]]. Magnas gratias ago adiuturo.--[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 11:04, 20 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Vide fontem huius paginae: [[Parallelogramma]]. Ibi in gubernando paginae compositionem peraccessi utendo formulis tabularibus.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:57, 20 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Genus [[hormon]]- is, testoteron, - is etc == Could you please help me all these words of greek origin are masculins or neutrum? Thank you--[[Usor:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 16:24, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC)--[[Specialis:Conlationes/85.2.146.70|85.2.146.70]] 16:21, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Secundum dictionaria varia quae possideo nomen ''hormon'' derivatum est a participio Graeco ὁρμῶν, ~ντος. Latine ergo appellandum videtur ''hormon, ~n'''t'''is'', et id ipsum est forma quam invenimus in paginis peridodici Latini ''[[Ephemeris|Ephemeridis]]'', e.g. [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2006/nuntius1.php?id=75 hic]. [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2006/nuntius.php?id=206 Aliubi] in hoc eodem periodico genus quoque huius nominis cognoscimus, legentes: "... '''hormon''' anno 1999 demum inventum, '''quod''' inter alia officia etiam hoc nobis affert, ... " Summatim: nomen ''hormon'' cui genetivus est ''hormontis'' genere est neutro. Nomina variorum ''hormontum'' (vel ''hormontium''?) - ut etiam ''testosteron'' - exemplum sequi videntur ipsius nominis ''hormontis''. --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 17:30, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Gratia tibi ago, nunc multae emendationes facere debeo, ciao e Buona Nale e un felice 2008--[[Usor:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 22:00, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::Noli festinare. Scire velim quid alii sentiant. Sunt quidem auctores quoque apud ''Ephemeridem'' qui genetivum faciunt ''hormonis'' (sine T): vide [http://www.google.nl/search?hl=nl&as_qdr=all&q=hormonis+site%3Aephemeris.alcuinus.net&btnG=Zoeken&meta= hic]. Eligendum est nobis inter etymologiam (quae genetivum ''hormontis'' suggerit ) et usum actualem in linguis huius temporis ubi formas semper sine T invenimus. Quidquid tamen de hac re constituemus, id quoque spectabit ad nomen ''[[ion]]''. --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 10:08, 22 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::: In [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2007/nuntius1.php?id=213 hac] quidem symbola forma ablativi pluralis "hormonis" ter legitur et gen.pl. "hormonorum" semel, quod nominativum singularem "hormonum" indicare videtur, cum praeter exspectationem abl.sg. "hormone" legatur. Ergo varietas viget, et per me vigeat. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 17:49, 22 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Felicem diem natalem == Ego vobis exopto felicem diem natalem et prosperum annum novum, etiam gratias vobis ago ob vestros adiutos mihi factos. And sorry for my bad Latin. :) Valete! --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 20:56, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Et gratias tibi ago et omnibus ob vestras labores et amicitias. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:50, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Et quoque sint vobis omnibus Saturnalia optima!--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 21:54, 21 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ==Nomen ''Jan'' = ''Ianus''?== Hic, fortasse auctoritate professoris Stroh, Jan Novák = Ianus Novák: ''cum Iano Novák musico Moravo'' 'with the Czech musician Jan Novák' (http://wiredforbooks.org/aeneid/). Etiam forsitan ''Ian,'' nomen Anglicum? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:23, 23 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Nonne Ioannes?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:56, 23 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::vel "Ian, -is" --Usor ignotus. :::Vel Ianis, -idis, e.g. Ianis Joplin? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 20:08, 23 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Christi Natalis == Ego quoque volo vobis desidere felicem diem Christi Natalis!!! Ut Puer Iesus omnibus cordibus vestris nascatur!!!--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 01:14, 24 Decembris 2007 (UTC) [[Fasciculus:Luces de Navidad.gif|center|Luces Nativitatis]] [[Fasciculus:Navidad.jpg|center|250px|Nativitas]] :Multas gratias ago ^^ --[[Usor:Daniel bg|Daniel bg]] 08:58, 24 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :''Parvulus enim natus est nobis,'' : ''filius datus est nobis''; :gaudete--[[Usor:Massimo Macconi|Massimo Macconi]] 00:38, 25 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == christmas greetings == I like to wish all of you a merry christmas, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 17:19, 24 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :Felicem natalem! --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 19:44, 26 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Pronuntiatio scholatica aut restituta? == Cum in Vicipaedia scribeo, mihi adhibendum est pronuntiationem scholasticam aut restitutam? In primis, cum litteram "'''V, v'''" adhibeo: debeo scribere <<'''v'''i'''v'''ere; '''v'''aleo; ca'''v'''eo>> aut <<'''u'''i'''u'''ere: '''u'''aleo; ca'''u'''eo>>? -- [Anon.] :Scribe, s.v.p., v consonans, u vocale: igitur valeo, vivere, caveo. Sed scribe i consonans et i vocale; igitur iam, iudex. De hac re vide [[Vicipaedia:Auxilium pro editione (latine)]]. Salve! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:07, 26 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Possumus scribere v et u ubi restitutus modus classicus eundem consonantem /w/ sonat: ''s'''u'''a'''v'''is''. Sequens modum tralaticium (sive Italicum, sive ecclesiasticum), scribe ''v'' ubi consonantem /v/ sonat, et ''u'' ubi vocalem /u/ vel consonantem /w/ sonat. —[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 23:33, 26 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Praemium == Peto vos Marcum Terentium Bilbiophilum eligere [[Disputatio_Vicipaediae:Praemia_Vicipaedianis#Marcus_Terentius_Bibliophilus|Praemio Vicipaediano]]. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 21:57, 26 Decembris 2007 (UTC). == new == Hi, i am new to vicipaedia, and i'd like to contribute to the common latin knowledge ;) since i am a philosopher, i thought i could write something dealing with the subject, so i've started to write something about Leibniz; basically, i'd like to traslate from the english version into latin. Is this ok? :) <small>scripsit [[Usor:Spiritus Eversor]]</small> : Of course you are most welcome to add encyclopedic content to the page [[Godefridus Guilielmus Leibnitius]]. When adding content, please specify your source in the summary box (e. g. "from [[:en:Gottfried Leibniz]]") and be sure not to copy copyrighted content without permission. If you need help or if you are unsure about something, please ask (the Taberna here is a good place for this). Welcome! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:12, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : And, by the way: Please "sign" your contributions on talk pages and in the Taberna with four tildes (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>). This makes it easier to see who said what. Thanks! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:12, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) : Ok, thanks ! [[Usor:Spiritus Eversor|Spiritus Eversor]] 12:55, 29 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Transliteration of Cyrillic to Latin via Greek/Hebrew == (Sorry for using English, I can't speak Latin actively enough yet.) As I have read at [[Vicipaedia:Translatio_nominum_propriorum#Translitteratio_seu_Romanizatio]], proper names not originally written in the Latin alphabet are transliterated via ISO transliteration and then rid of diacritics. Greek and Hebrew names are exceptions because they already have a classical transliteration scheme for Latin ([[Translitteratio Linguae Graecae]], [[Translitteratio linguae Hebraicae]]). Well ... do you know that nearly all letters of the Cyrillic alphabet are direct descendants of either Greek or Hebrew ones? Therefore we could invent a "classical" transliteration scheme for Cyrillic too, just replacing the Cyrillic letter with its Greek/Hebrew equivalent and transliterating this equivalent into Latin in the classical way. I tried to make a table of how such scheme would look like: [[Usor:Gabriel_Svoboda/Transliteration_of_Cyrillic_to_Latin]] I don't know if this system is better than the current one; for example, the Ukrainian president Ющенко becomes ''Oistenco'' in it - instead of current ''Iuscenco''. But I feel this possibility should also be considered. --[[Usor:Gabriel Svoboda|Gabriel Svoboda]] 14:36, 30 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Hi, do you have a source for the use of this system, or are you proposing we incorporate [[:en:WP:NOR|original research]]? —[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 02:58, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::: Yes, it is an original research. But is there any system (including the [[Vicipaedia:Translatio_nominum_propriorum#Translitteratio_seu_Romanizatio|currently used one]]) that is not? If so, let's use it and excuse my ignorance. --[[Usor:Gabriel Svoboda|Gabriel Svoboda]] 07:34, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :I think that [[usor:Alexander Gerashchenko|Alexander]] has already been discussing on this matter. What does he think of this?--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 15:46, 30 Decembris 2007 (UTC) == Non stipulae == I have been adding {{fn|Non stipula}} to some of the articles on Swedish "comitia" which only tell you the name and that it is a comitia of Sweden. This much can easily, I'm sure, be found on the page [[Suecia]] under the Comiatia section. I know some other vicipaedians do not like these, frankly pathetic, articles - created by early users probably just trying to boost page numbers. Do they class as ''non stipula''? Do some object to me labelling them who think maybe that this gives the pages a chance to grow? Please say if you do and I'll remove them or we can discuss. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 16:03, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC). :You are technically right. The example I saw also had a location map and a formula (list of counties) on it, but, yes, the text is minute. It's a very borderline case. These are slightly better than the kind of Non stipula that has no links to it and not much reason ever to grow. I think I would be sorry to see the entries deleted when, with little extra effort, a couple of useful details could be added (e.g. capital city? population?) and the border would be crossed. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:53, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :: In my view, these articles are valid stubs: They give an acceptable explanation of the lemma, and they serve to "unify" titles: If, e. g., the page [[Dalia]] were deleted, chances would be much higher that some pages that have to do with Sweden link to [[Dalia]] and others link to *[[Dalslandia]] and we would not notice, because both would be redlinks. As long as the page [[Dalia]] exists, people will correct redlinks to point to the existing page (or people will discuss moving the page). Furthermore, aside from the definition of the lemma, the pages contain relevant content (a locator map, categories, interwiki links). The only thing I wish these articles would additionally have is a reference to a source where the title is attested, but in my view these are nevertheless valid stubs and should stay. --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 21:49, 31 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::I agree with Andrew and UV. Yes, from the content it is poor because there is just one short sentence, the definition. However, this is what a beginner (in Latin) can manage. It is the frame for the content. See what someone had to create when he wanted to add a short information (= the "second sentence") about such a Swedish comitia: :::# He has to know how to create a page. :::# He has to know how to make the lemma bold. :::# He has to know how to make links. :::# He has to know how to make headlines. :::# He has to know how to make interwiki links. :::# He has to find the interwiki links. :::# He has to know how to add categories. :::# He should have an idea about our categories. :::# He might even have to create the category, if there is no other page in this category. :::# He has to know how to include a template. :::# He has to know about our special templates. :::# He has to know how to include an image. :::# He has to loook for an image. :::# He has to know about adding a description to an image. :::# He has to add this description. :::# He has to add the definition. :::# He has to add the "second" sentence. So he has to do 16 steps before he can add his piece of information. We should be aware that there are people who could do this step #17 but do not know how to manage the 16 steps before and we should appreciate if someone prepares an article for this 17th step, which could be the first step of a Latinist, but Wiki beginner. We should have tasks for the different levels of competency and we should have a concept how they can work together and how everybody can contribute what he can contribute. Who can make the framework should make the framework, who can make the content shall make the content. Users who can do both are especially welcome, of course. ;-) I think each page which defines a lemma and provides the technical frame for adding more content is useful. What I am sometimes/often missing, are the sources, like UV says. A valid definition with sources has a special value in this Wikipedia: Sometimes there is no need to prove that someone can write ''about'' something (= content) in Latin, but that we can can ''call'' it (= it's title, name) in Latin. So we should be happy even with pages which just name things. This Wikipedia is different from other Wikipedias, but Latin is different, too. Providing a good framework for Latinist to add their "second sentences" might be of value for the project. Our situation is different from the English or German Wikipedia where some of the users are fanatically trying to create the better Britannica or the better Brockhaus. I think we should stay ambitious what concerns sources, correctness and scientificness, but we should stay patient what concerns the amount of content some articles provide. ;-) --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 13:04, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Of course, Rolande, I appreciate what hard work we need to even get a tiny stipula and, although these seem to have just been rushed pages, I will try to add the capita and numeri incolarum when I have the time so they at least give the reader something back. I'll remove the non stipulas now. Gratias pro responsis, <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 13:29, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :...but I notice UV has already done it! Thanks UV! <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 13:34, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). : No, that was [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]]'s work, he also added an important detail: Those are the historical provinces (that still influence everyday life) but not the current administrative units of Sweden. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 13:43, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Oh! Well thanks to Iacobe for adding that in - I will make sure all of the pages are now provinciae historicae, not comitia - and thanks to you for taking off the templates :) <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 13:58, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). I have added [http://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Disputatio_Usoris:Harrissimo&curid=31040&diff=416637&oldid=416630 this comment] to Harrissimo's page. --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 21:19, 1 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Quid est stipula / pagina? == Please see this discussion: [[Disputatio_Vicipaediae:Stipulae#Quid_est_stipula.3F]]. --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 01:39, 3 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) And this one: [[Disputatio Vicipaediae:Pagina#Quid est pagina?]]. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 02:39, 3 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). == Frame, shot, sequence, scene == I am writing an article on [[cinematographia|film]] grammar, but I am having troubles coming up with a word for "shot". I don't know if a literal translation such as ''missus, -us'' would be the best approach, since the derivation of "shot" is kind of obscure anyway (perhaps since the first cameras looked like guns?). Even the OED doesn't offer me much help. But perhaps a word from a Romance language would help? Italian seems the best with ''inquadratura'' which derives from ''inquadrare'' from ''in quadri'' ("in a painting" I think). Would it be safe to borrow this word? I do have one other idea, though it's a reach. Film grammar is usually compared to language grammar (e.g. frame=letter, shot=word, scene=sentence, sequence=paragraph), so what if the same words (littera, verbum, etc.) were used metaphorically? Any other suggestions? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 04:47, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I don't know the best word or words. But perhaps you should consider so perhaps shot = photographema, scene = scaena, sequence = series. Other words to ponder that might be relevant are "scaena" (scene) or "exceptaculum" (excerpt) or "articulus pelliculae" (joint or portion of film). In translating "still camera shot" remember "Photographia" (art photo) is distinguished from Photographema (photo picture). --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 07:13, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Enlarging Latin Vicipaedia == For your consideration: some reflections on how the Volapük Vükiped enlarged its number of articles: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Volapük#Number_of_V_speakers.3F http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Volapük#Somebody_do_something.21 [[Specialis:Conlationes/91.104.102.227|91.104.102.227]] 09:56, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I don't see the value in having many articles as an end in itself. Also latin does not lend itself to robotic translation. I would rather see a small complete, well-written encyclopeidia than a huge, badly written one.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:31, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Vocabulary == Could anyone tell me which is the Latin for ''[[:en:Drainage basin|drainage basin]]''?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 13:55, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Don't know if there are better words but I would suggest "Area epotata" or "regio epotata" = "drained area" or "regio a fluvio epotata" = "region drained by a river"; I would also think that "vallis" = "valley" would work in most cases too, but not all valleys are drainage basins I suppose.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:40, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Isn't it epotus, -a, -um -> area epota? <br>From Romanic languages: "bascauda hydrographica" --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 14:54, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I think yes both forms are ok. Epotus is the adjective whereas epotata is the participle. I don't know if bascauda is a good translation of basin though. What is your source? Trupmann dictionary suggests ''labrum'' for basin in the sense of reservoir. Even in english there seem to be a multitude of equivalent terms. Nevertheless, the way the article above is pitched drainage basin clearly refers to a geographical area.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:00, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::I simply thought bascauda -> bassin etymologically. For washing bassin I found also "aqualis". - According to my source "epotus" is already participle, but maybe that needs further research. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 16:51, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Yes you're right. Both epotus and epotatus are listed as participle for epotare on Words. Regarding the best translation for basin, I too am confused. Different dictionaries give different translations. Perhaps the favorite word for this changed over time? I don't know.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:33, 4 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Bot command translations == Hi. Could anybody translate me these interwiki bot commands to Latin (they will be displayed in all interwiki bot summaries here instead English): * robot - <s>robotum</s> automaton * Adding: - addens (literally) but if saying "robbot adding:X" state this as "Robotum addit:X" * Modifying: - mutans (literally) but if saying "Robot modifying: X" state this as "Robotum mutat:X" * Removing: - abdens (literally) but if saying "Robot modifying: X" state this as "Robotum abdit: X" Thank you. [[:lt:User:Hugo.arg]] 13:39, 6 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I added my shot. Robotum is glossed from Morgan. Notice that latin present tense in "Robotum addit X" has the same meaning as "Robot is adding X"--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:37, 6 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Translation will be here: ''Idioma-bot (disputatio | conlationes) (robot Adding: lt:Inocentas II)''. I think translation ''Robot is adding'' (Robotum addit) would be ok. Thanks! [[:lt:User:Hugo.arg]] 15:33, 6 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Hmmm, utimur (utbebamur ad minimum) ''automaton'' pro "bot". Est verbum sane classicius.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 07:42, 7 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Ioscius is right that automaton would be an OK translation. But Morgan attributed Robotum to Carlo Egger, author of Lexicon Latinitatis recentis. That made me look into it a little deeper and I think that robotum means a robot in the primary sense (like an artificial human or android or slave) i.e. "a mechanical device that sometimes resembles a human and is capable of performing a variety of often complex human tasks on command or by being programmed in advance." whereas automaton is more general, including automatic mechanical mechanisms, like a gas pump "automaton distributorium" (LRL also from Morgan). (English definitions from Free Online Dictionary) In other words, robotum evokes the idea of a human laborer with some measure of decision making ability while automaton evokes something automatic, mindless and limited. Both ideas apply to what a bot is. I don't see a preference.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:18, 7 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ad minimum, praeferentia sit usus quo solebamus uti, qui, quem dixi, est ''automaton''. Est etiam, ut dixi, classicius (vero Graecius, sed quidquid id est) quam ''robotum'' (quod, mea quidem sententia, risibile est). Consentio putans Rafaeli quoque robotum potius referre automaton forma humanum. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 06:05, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Consentio verbo ''automaton'' utimur cum ''bot'' ad Latinem vertamus. Sed nescio quod sentes ''robotum'' esse risibilem. Mea sententia ''robotum'' melius videtur cum ''robot'' sensu stricto vertamus. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:19, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Quia etymologia Slavica est. Работать Russice valet idem ac ''laborare'' lingua nostra. Ergo est in eo modo sicut ''hitum'' quem Kedemus proposuit pro Anglico verbo "hit" sensu "hit song or album". Dissimilitudinem inter stultitias Kedemi et Caroli Egger hoc in casu non video.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 16:56, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Mihi oportet magis de hoc commentari, quod suspecto fortasse hoc verbum esse unum e illis verbis internationalibus, ut videamus in variis linguis: <nowiki>[[:ar:روبوت]] [[:bn:রোবট]] [[:zh-min-nan:Robot]] [[:bs:Robot]] [[:bg:Робот]] [[:ca:Robot]] [[:cs:Robot]] [[:da:Robot]] [[:de:Roboter]] [[:en:Robot]] [[:et:Robot]] [[:el:Ρομπότ]] [[:es:Robot]] [[:eo:Roboto]] [[:eu:Robot]] [[:fa:روبات]] [[:fr:Robot]] [[:gl:Robot]] [[:ko:로봇]] [[:hr:Robot]] [[:io:Roboto]] [[:id:Robot]] [[:it:Robot]] [[:he:רובוט]] [[:lv:Robots]] [[:lt:Robotas]] [[:hu:Robot]] [[:nl:Robot]] [[:ja:ロボット]] [[:no:Robot]] [[:nn:Robot]] [[:nrm:Robot]] [[:oc:Robòt]] [[:uz:Robot]] [[:pl:Robot]] [[:pt:Robot]] [[:ru:Робот]] [[:sq:Roboti]] [[:simple:Robot]] [[:sk:Robot]] [[:sr:Робот]] [[:su:Robot]] [[:fi:Robotti]] [[:sv:Robot]] [[:ta:இயந்திரவியல்]] [[:th:หุ่นยนต์]] [[:vi:Người máy]] [[:tr:Robot]] [[:uk:Робот]] [[:ur:روبالہ]] [[:yi:ראבאט]] [[:zh:机器人]] </nowiki>--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:13, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::A robot seems to be no more than a ''machina servilis,'' or maybe just a ''servus.'' How are folks for whom 'bot' & 'robot' are ''robotum'' going to gloss 'nanobot'? For that sense, ''servus'' would easily offer ''servulus.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:51, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Nanorobotum...Robotum parvulum non est idem quam nanorobotum quod, sicut mica, sunt magnitudine nanometrorum. Item robotum non est idem quam servus mechanicus nec machina servilis, quod nonnulla robota, sicut androides Data in Itere Stellari, possunt esse autonomia et independentia. Ille Data non est servus.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 19:07, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Immo, nego ''nanorobotum'' esse purum: si Anglicum ''robot'' generat Latinum ''robotum,'' certe ''nanobot'' (verbum "portmanteau") generat ''nanobotum,'' sed iterum pono recta verba "classicalia" esse ''servus'' ('robot') et ''servulus'' ('nanobot'). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:04, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Hanc perlegenti disputationem mihi videtur non satis iam cogitari de contextu verbi quo opus est. Num haec machina quae singulas Vicipaediae res e lingua in aliam vertit similiaque facit robotum est sensu proprio, i.e. homo artificialis? Nonne potius automaton est? --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 21:03, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Recte dicis, Ceylon, sed iam omnes consentimus verbo ''automaton'' utimur cum ''bot'' ad Latinem vertamus. Disputatio inceps supra est de utrum robotum vere valit ut nomem latinum legitimum. Homo artificialis mea sententia est alia res: potest esse robotum quod liberum arbitrium habet aut potest esse homo biologicus creatus in laboratorio (i.e. artificially gestated, genetically engineered, etc.., clone).--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:30, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Igitur omnia robota sunt automata, etsi non omnia automata sunt robota. [[Usor:Jackmitchell|Jackmitchell]] 00:08, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Elliot == :[Copied from my user talk in case anyone wants to improve my suggested names of institutions -- or indeed translate the whole text! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:58, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ] Goodday Andrew, can you help me with translating this peace of tekst? [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 21:45, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ->Elliot was one of the founders of the [[American Museum of Natural History]] in [[New York]] and the [[American Ornithologists' Union]]. He was also curator of zoologia at the [[Field Museum]] in [[Chicago]]. Elliot used his wealth to publish a series of sumptuous color-plate books on birds and animals. Elliot wrote the text himself and commissioned artists such as [[Iosephus Wolf]] and [[Iosephus Smit]], both of whom had worked for [[Ioannes Gould]], to provide the illustrations. The [[National Academy of Sciences]] awards the [http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_elliot Daniel Giraud Elliot medal] "for meritorious work in zoology or paleontology published in a three- to five-year period. Established through the Daniel Giraud Elliot Fund by gift of Miss Margaret Henderson Elliot."<- :Ofcourse i like to add these institutes: [[American Museum of Natural History]]; [[Field Museum (Chicago)]]; [[American Ornithologists' Union]]; [[National Academy of Sciense]] en ofcourse the [[Smithsonian Institute]], maybe you can help me with the titles, [[Usor:Hendricus|Hendricus]] 21:53, 8 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I would say: [[Museum Americanum Historiae Naturalis]], [[Museum Fieldianum Historiae Naturalis]]; [[Consociatio Americana Ornithologorum]]; [[Academia Nationalis Scientiae]]; [[Institutum Smithsonianum]]. I'm copying this to the [[Vicipaedia:Taberna|Taberna]] and others may make better suggestions. I say ''Consociatio'' because we have avoided ''Unio'' in the past, I guess because it's a rare word in Latin. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:58, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I agree with all above, except for ''Institutum Smithsonianum'', which is written [http://siris-libraries.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?uri=full=3100001~!264766!0 here] (one of the institution's websites, in fact) as ''Institutio Smithsoniana''. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 20:10, 9 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). == Proto-Indo-European == I'm interested rather in PIE than in Latin, because PIE according to Catholic visionary Anne Catherine Emmerich is Pre-Babel/Adamic: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Adamic_language/archive0 Thus my edit there was strictly PIE-related and occassional, because I'm mainly concentrated on PIE. [[Specialis:Conlationes/83.5.42.127|83.5.42.127]] 17:20, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :"Pre-Babel/Adamic"? Horrescimus putatu; nihilominus, commentaria de PIE hic sunt exoptatissima. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:26, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::The Proto-Indo-European language fragment is a linguistic construct inferred by means of the comparative method, the purpose of which is a formal demonstration of the fact that a set of (subfamilies of) languages may spring from a common source. Epistemologically, the problem is rather similar to that of codicology, i.e. relating a given set M of medieval and renaissance manuscripts (of, say, Plautus) by comparing members of M and detecting systematic similarities and differences between them. Basically the PIE language fragment is a tool for historical linguistics. It would be highly desirable to present the views of various "visionaries" (of which there's no dearth) under a separate heading and categorisation. Nor is alchemy treated under chemistry. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 18:55, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Another desideratum would be an article on pie.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 19:17, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Diu inceptionem in animo habebam...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 21:11, 10 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Sequana/Sequanus == ''Copied from [[Disputatio:Sequanus]]:'' I always thought that the French river Seine was called ''Sequan'''a''''' in Latin, as it was called by every ancient Latin writer from Caesar onwards. ''Sequan'''us''''' I only knew as the singular of ''Sequani'', a famous tribe in ancient Gaul. I do not exclude the possibility that at some time someone may have called the river ''Sequan'''us''''' (although I would like to see the source), but even so priority should be given to ''Sequan'''a'''''. Could someone please interchange the article [[Sequanus]] and the redirection page [[Sequana]]? Thanks a lot. --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 14:07, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I've been meaning to do that. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:42, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Gratias tibi ago! --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 16:05, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Polytonic Greek == Could someone please explain how to insert ancient Greek quotes into pages? The German Wikipedia has a readymade polytonic font below the edit window, but Vicipaedia doesn't (and, eheu, neither does the English Wikipedia). I'm aware that Anglo-Saxons tend to be brought up to believe that accents are a reactionary or at best superfluous arabesque never used by the real Greeks and invented by continental schoolmasters in order to make the language inaccessible to anybody but themselves. But I still can't bring myself to writing ancient Greek using a monotonic font.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 15:14, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :This becomes easier if you have installed modern Greek keyboarding as an option on your computer. If you have, you can at least type all required letters except the "polytonic" ones. If you haven't, you can get all such letters from below the edit window. :Type all the letters you can in one of these two ways. For the letters that you can't type, you need to open another tab or window with your browser; in this new tab go to [[:en:Polytonic_orthography#Examples_of_polytonic_characters]]. You don't need to open an edit window. Select each of the letters you want, in turn, one at once; copy it; and paste it into your edit page in Vicipaedia. :The normal font does not look very good with polytonic characters. For a slightly better-looking font, put your Greek text into a formula, thus: <nowiki>{{Polytonic|Γρέεκ}}</nowiki>. :Maybe UV or someone might know how to add polytonic Greek characters to the foot of our edit screen. That would be better. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:38, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) : I added a number of characters to our edittools below the editing window. If you still miss some characters, please let me know which ones are missing! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 19:54, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Many thanks, UV. Unfortunately my browser (Internet Explorer, horribile dictu) does not display them though. Is there anything I can do about that other than changing my browser? It does display (most of) the characters in the German wiki by the way.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 20:19, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Wow! I can see them! Marvellous, UV. Ceylon, might it be a question of purging your browser cache? I'm going to try them out here: {{Polytonic|ἀἁὰᾶἂἃἄἅἆἇ ᾳᾀᾁᾴᾲᾷᾄᾅᾂᾃᾆᾇ ἐἑὲἔἕἒἓ ἠἡὴῆἤἢἣἥἦἧ ῃῄῂῇᾐᾑᾔᾒᾕᾓᾖᾗ ἰἱὶῖἴἲἵἳἶἷ ὸὀὁὄὅὂὃ ῤῥ ὐὑὺῦὔὕὒὓὖὗ ὠὡὼῶὤὢὥὣὦὧ ῳῴῲῷᾠᾡᾤᾢᾥᾣᾦᾧ}} :::Yes, they are all there. But there is just one point. In the four-character groups, within each vowel, in which rough-or-smoooth breathing is combined with acute-or-grave accent, they are not all in the same order. Since they are so tiny on the screen, it would be easier if they ''were'' all in the same order. The majority are in the following order: {{Polytonic|ᾤᾢᾥᾣ}}; if you managed to rearrange the following {{Polytonic|ἂἃἄἅ ᾄᾅᾂᾃ ἔἕἒἓ ὄὅὂὃ ὔὕὒὓ}} so that they were in the same order, that would be perfect. Does it make sense? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:43, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::: Sorry, I made another major change before reading the comments here. Unless you prefer the old edittools version (without dropdown box – then I can change it back), could you please tell me ::::* whether you can see the polytonic characters now (and, in case you cannot, whether you can see them in the edittools on the German wikipedia), and ::::* whether the order is fine now or not. If you would prefer a different order, please give me the entire line of polytonic characters in the desired order (I am using an old computer and I never see polytonic characters properly, therefore making these changes is a bit difficult for me). Thanks! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 21:10, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::: OK, many thanks, UV. As far as I'm concerned, the drop-down box is fine ... The order I suggest for the whole polytonic group of characters is this. {{Polytonic|ἀἁὰᾶἄἂἅἃἆἇ ᾳᾀᾁᾴᾲᾷᾄᾂᾅᾃᾆᾇ ἐἑὲἔἒἕἓ ἠἡὴῆἤἢἥἣἦἧ ῃᾐᾑῄῂῇᾔᾒᾕᾓᾖᾗ ἰἱὶῖἴἲἵἳἶἷ ὀὁὸὄὂὅὃ ῤῥ ὐὑὺῦὔὒὕὓὖὗ ὠὡὼῶὤὢὥὣὦὧ ῳᾠᾡῴῲῷᾤᾢᾥᾣᾦᾧ}} [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:57, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Χάριν σοι ἔχω, ὦ ΟΥϜ! Herzlichen Dank, perfekt! My browser still opts for replacing the accented characters by boxes on the actual page and in the edit window (it does that on the German wiki, too), but I can clearly see the typeset below. And your old computer still refuses to display them? A job almost reminiscent of Beethoven composing symphonies he couldn't hear ... :) --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:06, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::: I arranged the characters in the order proposed by Andrew. Luckily, to handle computer software is a bit easier than to compose a symphony … If any other issues are still open, please tell me! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:58, 13 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Nimia consilia == If someone (it would probably have to be one of the magistratus?) happens to feel sufficiently bored and confident to clear up the mess of 'Guidelines for Users' on here, he might run a chance of being abundantly rewarded in the afterlife. A lot of these pages overlap and/or are confusingly linked or otherwise interconnected: [[Vicipaedia:Commendationes paginarum recte scribendarum]], [[Vicipaedia:Auxilium paginarum recensendarum]], [[Vicipaedia:Ops nexusque usoribus novis]], [[Vicipaedia:Latinitas]], [[Vicipaedia:Gradus Latinitatis]], [[Vicipaedia:Numeri Romani]], [[Vicipaedia:A est B]], [[Vicipaedia:FAQ]] etc. I would prefer a clear starting point with a list of links leading to clearly named pages. I also think that either the FAQ or the Main Page ought to spell out some of the motives behind the Latin Vicipaedia project (many people ask this question so it would be good to have a common reference - and maybe start a useful discussion). I noticed that the topic has come up in quite a few discussions (e.g. some contributions by [[Usor:Irenaeus]]), but I haven't found a page dedicated to this topic yet. I'm new, so please forgive if I have overlooked something.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:50, 14 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :No, Ceylon, you are absolutely right... Most of this stuff is a complete mess... The staggering amount of links to these pages, and the, as you indicated, extremely boring nature of the project has kept progress on the simplification and unification of these pages rather agonizingly slow. I am sufficiently bored these next two weeks (school doesn't start til the 28th) so hopefully I can make some progress on this and our [[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis]], which I've been meaning to fix for months now.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 13:38, 15 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Boring but full of merit and virtue - and isn't that what the Romans were all about? It might be wise, though, to propose a structure or, much more importantly, titles for the new pages on the Taberna before actually changing anything. --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 14:12, 15 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::You know, I actually might start a new (temporary) Vicipaedia: namespace page for it. Something like [[Vicipaedia:Quidnam inferorum cum tantis paginis talibusque in spatio Vicipaediano?!]]. That way we can decide what to merge, what to erase, and what to redo without making the Taberna a mille passum long.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 17:24, 15 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Where would we have this page that would tie our rules together? I think that is the purpose of [[VP:PC]] and [[Vicipaedia:Salve]], but they far too brief at the moment. I like the idea of having some pretty boxes rather than blocks of text to introduce our rules though. English has Wikipedia:Introduction and links from there which may also be an idea. Alternatively, we could sort our Vicipaedia: pages under titles or in a box by what they refer to e.g. pages ([[VP:HP]], [[Vicipaedia:Stipula]]...), editing style ([[VP:APE]], [[Vicipaedia:Pipe trick]]...), latin language ([[Vicipaedia:Latinitas]]...) - I'd also like to discuss on this temporary page you're making. Valete! <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:02, 15 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::: An overhaul and a reorganization of the contents in our Vicipaedia: namespace would be a great step forward. I particularly like the idea that one page should expressly state some of the main motives behind the Vicipaedia project. ::::: Although its contents would need discussion, [[Vicipaedia:Mores Vicipaediae]] (Rolandus started this page a while ago) may provide an additional, interesting perspective on how we might organize our rules (and make them easily retrievable and accessible). --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 20:58, 16 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::: [[Usor:Rolandus]] added some important points to this on my user page. A brief summary in English: ''Vicipaedia users fall into categories with very different backgrounds re. their Latin and wiki proficiency. There's no one introduction that could cater for all of them. Thus it's better to have a range of short interlinking namespace articles. This also comes in handy for settling recurring disputes by pointing to a clear reference such as [[Vicipaedia:A est B]]. Maybe a sort of namespace sitemap could be established at [[Vicipaedia:Salve]].'' (Please correct if I missed something, Rolande). Commenting on this, I imagine something like a list of the main rules at [[Vicipaedia:Enchiridion auctoris]] with links to individual sites providing details and reasons. So individual users could consult language, style, or wiki advice in detail according to their needs, but there would still be a common port of call. --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 12:09, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Thanks for that summary -- I find German rather hard going! ::::::::Thanks for the summary. Yes, my main point is, that we do not have a typical user, so we should provide different introductions to our collection. This makes it even easier because a specific introduction does not need to satisfy all demands, just the demands of a specific group. The several indroductions are just an envelope for the collection of "standard information" which is interlinked. Of course, our collection needs much cleanup and there are some introductions which might be rather useless and should be removed. --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 18:17, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::As you will know, a small selection of help pages is listed on the [[Pagina prima]]; these same pages are all linked together with a box at the top. The list of these pages is at {{fn|Opes}} and the box (created to contain the list) is at {{fn|Opesbox}}. Rafael, I and others have made sure that these few pages are in reasonable order and available both in Latin and English. In working on the namespace as a whole, you may well want to change this arrangement, or add to the selection of pages, or link them differently ... all is possible! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:36, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Cum recenseo commentaria == Cum recenseo commentaria, non iam video parvulas litteras Graecas, Russicas, macronizatas, etc., quae olim subfuerunt in pagina. Quo iverunt? Quando redient? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:35, 16 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ibi sunt, sed oportet botonem imprimire in laevo latere ubi dicit "Norma"; tunc in indice monstrato "Cyrillice" scrutandum est, vel "Graece", etc...--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:29, 16 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Restaurant == For "restaurant" I found this, but which is the best? ristorante: lauta caupona http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Agora/8704/lexicum/lexr.html Taberna refectoria http://www.quaelibet.net/NotaeNet/N_r.html restaurant: popIna f, caupOna, taberna refectoria http://wredmond.home.texas.net/rlittera.html Restaurant: taberna deversoria (classical word with the comics)<br> [[Langenscheidt]] Taberna restaurativa<br> my invention --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 21:42, 16 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Eh, taberna is good, so is popina. Caupona is more of an inn, someplace where you can stay the night. If there's a table cloth I usually go with taberna, if it's just a quick stop like a sandwich place or burger joint I go with popina. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 00:13, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Taberna restaurantiva is just reinventing taberna refectoria. ::According to Traupmans's conversational latin and the Oxford Latin dictionary, caupona is the prefered translation for restaurant. ::Both caupona and taberna mean inn/tavern, but taberna also means a shop/small store; so you would go to a taberna to buy jewelry but not to a caupona, where you would mostly go to stay the night. Now a taberna refectoria would be a shop were they specialize sell food of some kinds; cauponae apparently were inns with a nice sit-down restaurant or tavern. On the other hand, popina literally means a bistro, cook-shop, like mcdonalds. ::So, taking these into account, :::popina = low-end mcdonald's type restaurant; :::taberna refectoria = smaller nicer stand-alone restaurant business; :::caupona = high-end restaurant/inn. :::taberna deversoria = hotel shop; which for many hotel may or may not correspond to the hotel restaurant, depending on the hotel. ::--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:12, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Popina is a handy term because it really has no other meaning: it's a place where food is cooked for immediate eating. Its origin, incidentally, is as the [[lingua Sabina|Sabine]] equivalent of the pure-Latin coquina "kitchen". The word was borrowed from Sabine into Latin, some hundreds of years BC, for a kind of establishment that maybe the Sabines made fashionable. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:43, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) [[Fasciculus:RestaurantBath.jpg|thumb]] For a place like that on the right hand side I think we need a term like ''taberna refectoria''. ''Popina'' sounds for me somewhat low end, as Rafael mentioned, I am also not sure whether ''caupona'' isn't somewhat popular. Following the different vicipaedias, the modern "restaurant" is an invention of 19th century Paris, before, there was no free choice of meal and no individual service, the defining characteristics of "restaurant". --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 11:22, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Yes, that's the received wisdom currently. If I write [[Caupona]] or [[Popina]] I'll cite a Latin text, probably of the 2nd century AD, that depicts both free choice of meal and individual service! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:43, 17 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Îles Marquises == Could anyone tell me how I can translate the words ''marquess'' and ''Marquesas Islands'' to latin?--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 03:25, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Marquess = marquis = Markgraf: Latin: Marchio, female Marchionissa. Insulae Marchianae? --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 08:39, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == [[w:Treasure trove|Treasure trove]]: English translation of Latin terms == Hi, can someone help translate the Latin terms "''vetus depositio pecuniae''" and "''jus commune et quasi gentium''" that appear in the English Wikipedia article "[[w:Treasure trove|Treasure trove]]"? Please reply on that article's [[w:Talk:Treasure trove#English translation of Latin terms|talk page]]. Thanks very much. &mdash; [[w:User:Jacklee|JackLee]] 03:34, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Done.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 03:40, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Tregua aut Treuga? == I read some references to the expression ''Treuga Dei'', which is supposed to be in Medieval Latin, however, the word "treuga" does not make any sense to me, isn't it ''tregua'' correctly? Because ''tregua'' is a Romance (Spanish/Italian) word coming from Gothic ''triggwa'' that means "treaty". --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 10:16, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :[http://brockhaus-suche.de/suche/abstract.php?shortname=bgeschichte&artikel_id=5556&verweis=1] Treuga dei, secundum Brockhaus. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 10:49, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I had this discussion on the English Wikipedia too...all the references I have ever read about the Treuga Dei spell it treuga. Du Cange spells it treuga as well. One medieval author I have handy ([[Willelmus Tyrensis]]) spells it treuga. Apparently some Spanish and Italian historians use tregua but I have never personally come across that spelling. [[Usor:Adam Episcopus|Adam Episcopus]] 21:06, 6 Februarii 2008 (UTC) == Martial law == Quaeso. Hi guys. I would appreciate help with translation of this <s>word</s>term or something like-'under rule by military' or 'rule of(country) under emergency situation' granting the ruler(pretender) dictatorship power'. Like what Darth Sidius/Emperor Palpatine did in Star Wars Gratias ago. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 11:34, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :If you're looking for ''martial law,'' Cassell's dictionary says that's ''ius belli'' or ''iura belli'' or ''lex belli.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 12:46, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::The Romans did not have our concept of "state of emergency" / "martial law" (arguably all Roman law was "martial"), so there is no clear equivalent. There is, however, a very close parallel, which is the appointment of a ''dictator rei gerundae causa''. So "martial law" could be rendered as ''dictatura'' or ''dictatoria potestas''. ''Ius belli'' on the other hand, is the law of declaring war (called ''ius ad bellum'' in modern international law) or of conducting war (modern equivalent: ''international humanitarian law''), not something applying to rules of interior governance / policing. --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 13:07, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::That's interesting, as Ainsworth's dictionary also defines ''martial law'' as ''lex belli.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 13:19, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I really have no idea about ''lex belli'', Iacobe, I only meant to talk about ''ius belli''. Is there a literary source for ''lex belli'' in that sense? I'd find that more convincing than a dictionary.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 13:50, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Lex belli looks good. Ius ? like rights or justice? hmmm. I'll be using this for [[Ferdinandus Marcos]]. How does 'Declaravit legem bellium' sound? I'll check the notre dam latin dictionary for the grammar. In many dicattorships, the dicator blames or secretly creates an emergency or act of terror then declares a state of emergency and martial law. Thanks Jacob and Ceylon.--<s>[[Specialis:Conlationes/203.215.115.16|203.215.115.16]] 14:52, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC)</s>--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 14:53, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Definitely, the right term is "ius<s> bellum</s>". In latin, lex means the product of a legislative act. So lex belli would mean the "law of war" or the "law governing how wars should be fought". However "martial law" is outside legislative acts, it is government by decree, or by might of the army, as it might occur during war. The roman concept Ius primarily means rights, but also includes laws of all types, because in the Roman mind the laws were the writing down of rights so that they could be uniformly adjudicated and protected. In the case of martial law what right are we refering to? The right of the military commander to ensure civil order by the use of the army. Ius bellum, by the way, would also include the right to wage war against the enemy.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:06, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Gratias Rafael. In martial law, IMHO we refer to the right of the leader. The leader assumes power without consent of the constituents on the pretext that a state of war(or emergency) is occuring; often blaming a small incident(which the leader may have secretly created himself). In martial law there is only a pretense of rights being uniformly adjudicated and protected but not in truth. In reality the ruler is a dictator in the English sense. His power is supported by the military. There is no government but military might(the military is the covertly the government ). The dictator creates the law (martial law). --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 16:32, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::That is true Jondel, but what you are describing is a very common instance in which martial law is abused. In time of war or a true emergency, then it is justified because the usual mechanisms wouldn't have time to work. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 16:51, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Mmmh, since this is not the Volapük Wikipedia I guess we should at least try not to make up our own language. ''Ius bellum'' means ''the law the war'', which is neither here nor there. As for ''declaravit legem bellium'', ''declaro'' can be used for consuls, kings, victories, but not for laws, and ''bellium'' is ungrammatical. Coming back to ''ius belli'', Cicero uses it twice: De leg. 2.34 and De off. 3.107 ("Est autem ius etiam bellicum fidesque iuris iurandi saepe cum hoste servanda"). It clearly means the ''law of war'' here, which is far from ''martial law''. Much depends on what context you need it for, Jondel. But standing alone, I would still think ''dictatoria potestas'' comes at least a little closer to the concept. --[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 17:12, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Re "''Ius bellum'' means ''the law the war'', which is neither here nor there."&mdash;I was reading it as 'pretty law'! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:51, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Yes, you're right. I didn't look at it carefully. I was thinking Ius bellicum = ius belli = right of war. But, fortunately, we are blessed by people such as Ceylon with their heads straight and who know more about Roman history to boot.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:20, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::I crossed out "bellum" in my comment above since it is wrong.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:26, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::: Please, read again Ceylon's first note. In a situation of a political emergency or distress, ''dictatoria potestas'' is certainly the term that comes closest to what is meant by issuing an emergency decree or martial law. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 04:53, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::I don't disagree with dictatoria potestas as it applies to Caesar's time, but at the same time I'm a little uncomfortable assuming that dictatoria potestas does the job for the modern concept of martial law. Dictatoria potestas would seem to describe anyone who had the power to rule by decree, such as today Hugo Chavez in Venezuela, but we wouldn't describe Venezuela today being under Martial Law....or in an emergency...So I think the issue needs more thought. ::::As Ceylon himself recognises, there is a difference, perhaps, between assuming dictatorial powers in an emergency and martial law as we have today. By dictatorial powers it is meant ruling by decree, no? And martial law being the enforcement of order by the army. Yet martial law can happen without dictatorial powers being assumed by anyone, for example, if a military commander takes over a flooded city. No one is dictating any law in that instance, it is just that the military commander giving orders to his subordinates who enforce his will at the point of a gun. ::::On the other hand, in attempting to capture the concept of martial law, Ius Belli would not seem to fit either, if the emergency were a flood that is not war related. . I think we need a term that means "emergency military administration" or "emergency military government" or something close to that.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 05:41, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::In that case, if you want to avoid the ambiguity of circumlocution, such as ''rem publicam (in tempore belli / ob pericula) militibus committere'' (cf. Liv. 1.27.1) or ''summam imperii in manibus copiarum ponere'', you're probably left with the unenviable option of using a neologism (''ius Martiale'' being as good or bad as any other).--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 09:35, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Unless someone has a better name, ''ius martiale'' seems to do the job fine, I think.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:12, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::If we borrow the term from other languages, why not "lex Martialis" (cf. Loi martiale, Ley marcial, Legge marziale)? Just asking. I'm no expert in juridical matters. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 20:15, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::The reason for ius rather than lex is that lex in latin has a more specific meaning than in other languages. From what I have read in the dictionary of greek and roman antiquities, the term lex is limited to the product of legislative acts, by e.g. the senate or some other legislative body; ius on the other hand refers not only to laws (leges et plebescita), but also to common law (court traditions in deciding rights, both written and unwritten), and to rights of different kinds. Martial law isn't a lex in that it does not correspond to a legislative act but to an administrative one.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:32, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) OK. Gratias ago ad Iacobi, Neander Rafael, Ceyolon and others. I will be using 'ius bellum ' and '<s>dicta</s> dictum est' instead of declaravit. Hence ' Ius bellum <s>dicta</s> dictum est anno <s>1973</s>1972.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 06:21, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Dear Jondel, read the discussion carefully and think again. ;)--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 06:33, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Ceylon, hi. Putasne de ''dictatoria potestas''? <s>Accordo nam</s>I agree but we have to translate what was openly declared. In truth , most of martial law situations nowadays are dictatorships but we have to use what was declared and not interpretations. If a dictatorship has a word democracy in the name of its nation, we have to translated literaly democracy even if we'd like to insert the translation of the word 'dictatorship' in the name. And so on and so forth. But of course modern translations may have to depart a bit from the old original definitions.Anyway, as Rafael says, lex is a product of a legal authority/body. If need be we can vote to be sure of concensus. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 14:43, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::My only worry was about the grammar: If you want to say 'the law of war', you have to put 'war' in the genitive -> ''ius belli'' (''ius bellum'', as Iacobus has pointed out above, is ''beautiful law''). If you feel uneasy about using ''dictatoria potestas'' (although the Latin ''dictator'' has a very different meaning from the English derivative), I would still think ''ius Martiale'' is a better choice than ''ius belli''.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 15:18, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Ius Martiale does look better since the Martial derives from Martiale. belli(genitive) is of course better. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 15:28, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Question == How would one say 'teddy bear' (as in - small stuffed bear-shaped fluffy toy) in Latin? Stupid question, isn't it? Thanks in advance, cheers, [[Usor:Ouro|Ouro]] 15:46, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :''ursus theodoricus'' or ''ursus Thaddeus''...see [[Ursus (discretiva)]]. -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 15:55, 18 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Morgan gives [[Ursulus lusorius]], I was thinking more [[Pupa ursina]]. Whence came ''theodoricus/thaddeus?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:08, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Well, ''theodoricus'' makes literal sense, since the Teddy Bear was named after [[Theodorus Roosevelt]]. But as for whether it was sourced anywhere...I have no idea. -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 18:26, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Sure, I understand that, but... I've already asked Rolandus (who wrote theodoricus) whence he got that form, and am awaiting a response. In the meantime, let's look at the interwikis: <nowiki>[[:bg:Плюшено мече]] [[:da:Teddybjørn]] [[:de:Teddybär]] [[:es:Osito de peluche]] [[:fr:Ours en peluche]] [[:hr:Plišani medo]] [[:id:Teddy bear]] [[:is:Bangsi]] [[:it:Teddy Bear]] [[:he:דוב צעצוע]] [[:hu:Plüssmackó]] [[:ms:Beruang Teddy]] [[:nl:Teddybeer]] [[:ja:テディベア]] [[:no:Teddybjørn]] [[:pl:Miś (zabawka)]] [[:pt:Urso de pelúcia]] [[:ru:Плюшевый мишка]] [[:simple:Teddy bear]] [[:fi:Teddykarhu]] [[:sv:Nallebjörn]] [[:ta:டெடி கரடிக்குட்டி]] [[:th:หมีเท็ดดี้]] [[:zh:泰迪熊]]</nowiki>. It would seem, then, that Germanic languages favor Teddy+native word for bear, while romance and slavic languages favor the word for bear (sometimes diminutive, sometimes not)+the word for plush. For our part, I think the diminutive makes a great deal of sense (as does, as I have noted, [[David Morgan]]). Now plush derives from the vulgar Latin word ''piluccare'', so we would be looking at [[Ursulus piluccatus]], but ''piluccare'' actually means "to remove hair" so our teddy would be chihuahuaish! one of the other languages have the semantic "play" in their name for teddy bear, so I wonder whence Morgan got ''lusorius''. I mean the sense is plain enough: ''ursulus lusorius'' = little bear with which you play, which is certainly exactly what a teddy bear is.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:49, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::OHHH! Maybe I '''''do''''' know where Morgan got ''lusorius''... I din't even think of it at first, but my grandma used to call it ''orso giocattolo'' or "little play bear"...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 18:51, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::I wrote those sentences, but I do not think I created them, maybe I have cleaned up some pages and got the text from there. But {{fn|PONS-Egger}} gives: Teddybär ... ursulus panneus, m; vgl. PAUL. NOL., carm., 24, 327; ~ panniceus; vgl. ISID., orig., 19, 22, 24 --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 12:06, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Wow... thanks, guys! --[[Usor:Ouro|Ouro]] 13:20, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Nomina Pellicularum == The current rule seems to be, translate film titles into Latin, but according to [[Vicipaedia:Translatio nominum propriorum]]: ::::"''Si opus scriptum est in alia lingua, et versionem Latinam non cognovimus, nomen suae linguae utere. (Da versionem post mentionem primam si potes.)''" Therefore, shouldn't all the page titles be in their respective languages with a Latin translation given in the article? (especially since I don't think any films' titles have ever been "officially" translated into Latin) -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 19:18, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Feel free to be bold in correcting anything that seems inconsistent or contradictory to the rules. This is a wiki, after all. –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 01:22, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :That only applies to written work, ie. opera scripta. For other works the third rule on the same page: "Si opus aliarum artium est neque litterarium (ut sculptura), verte nomen vulgare vel usitatum si potes, et adde nomen originale post mentionem primam" id est Anglice:If the work is not a piece of writing (such as a sculpture), translate the original or usual name if you can, and give the original name after first mention." A movie is not writing so according to the present rules, we try to translate.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:59, 19 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Hmm, when I wrote that rule I had forgotten about things like television. The original intent was that items with linguistic content should bear the names the author gave them, while items without linguistic content could safely have their names translated. The reasoning is that in a work with linguistic content, the name is part of that content, and anchored to it–the translator may change it substantially when translating the work, so its name in Latin (or any other language) cannot be assumed to follow on from its name in its original language (''Ab Urbe Condita'' does not mean ''History of Rome'', nor does ''Schiffbruch mit Tiger'' mean ''Histoire de Pi''). If the work is without other linguistic content, however, the name doesn't have a context relation to any words in the work, but is either a description or a statement of some kind, neither of which would be expected to change substantially when brought into another language. I wrote the rule poorly, but Secundus Zephyrus has interpreted it in the way it was intended. –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 01:22, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) === video games === Yes, I thought that might have been the case, but then shouldn't [[:Categoria:Ludi computatrales|Ludi computatrales:]] be translated? Because right now they're all in English... -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 00:51, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :The quality of things here is very uneven. I wouldn't take anything on any page here as very strong support for anything anywhere else, but let every case stand on what merits it has itself, and hope those merits spread. –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 01:22, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Ludi Computatrales are a borderline case; they are not, strictly speaking, works of art so not covered by the rules concerning works of art above. (Of course they do incorporate works as part of the program but they are not art per se.) Because they are comercial software programs, however, their names are trademarks. And for trademarks we don't translate the lemma but often provide a translation in parentheses. (Marca mercatoria non vertenda sunt. Quorum etiam, si potes, adde versionem in parenthesi./Trademarks are not to be translated. Here too, if you can, give a translation.)--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:28, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::A note, also, on the particular example of video games: a lot of the English titles are already translated from Japanese...--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 04:23, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Do you think they should be in Japanese? And if so, should they be transliterated or not...? Take [[The Legend of Zelda]] for example, should the title of the page actually be "ゼルダの伝説" or "Zeruda no Densetsu" or "The Legend of Zelda" or "Fabula Zeldae"? -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 06:27, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::That's exactly what ''I'' would do: use the original title, and if it's in Japanese, so be it! But then, I never write articles about computer games. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:32, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Our rule ad minimum is to always transliterate a name even if we don't translate, which is a common enough rule in all wikipedias, and give the original name in parenthesis. :::::::But again there is actually no clear rule here, only that our custom has been to use the english name of the game as the "translitteration", probably because that the english name also universally used in Europe including Rome, presumably. I think this custom should be kept, since it is quite universal across european wikis, but we also include the original japanese name and a translation in parenthesis.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:13, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ==Xkoski = Xae torrens?== I don't possess the Kalevala Latina, so I cannot say whether this is consistent throughout the book but from what I was given on Tyrjänkoski (Tyrjae torrens) is it possible for places ending in -koski in Finnish to become gen. + torrens in the Finno-Latin declension system (Anjalae Torrens, Imatrae Torrens etc.)? If he does this regularly in the book of course, that is even better. (Of course I could say Tyrjankoskis in the genitive but Tyrjae torrens is much more latin-looking). On this point, we do not yet have an official page for the declension of Finnish names (just a table and various discussions) and there are also Polynesian and Greek systems which are in use but aren't yet linked at TNP. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 17:01, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::''Re: -koski &rarr; -ae torrens'' – I would probably not recommend it on that example alone. The source is, after all, a work of poetry, so poetical concerns may have figured. Also, I don't know if it makes as much a difference in Finnish as it would in, say, English, but ''Anjalankoski'' and ''Imatrankoski'' seem to be written as one word, while the Kalevala, if Google is any judge, has ''Tyrjän koski'' as two (which would certainly have influenced the translation as well). –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 23:27, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I'll try to find another -koski example from the online version and ask Iustinus to look it up in Kalevala Latina. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 23:39, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::The only other is Katrakoski but if he writes ''Katrae torrens'' makes it a consistency at least. I think you're right about Tyrja being a special case (it is not called Tyrjankoski in the English translation, but "falls of Tyrya"). But we shall see. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 23:55, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :Quaeso, Harrissimo, quid est TNP? --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 19:28, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::[[VP:TNP]]. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:30, 20 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). Sure enough, ''Kalevala Latina'' 3.180 (p. 34): ''Kaatra torrens Carelorum''. Muke does have a point, though, about the demands of meter. --[[Usor:Iustinus|Iustinus]] 21:39, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Then I'll keep towns with -koski intact and translate if I am talking about some actual torrents (which will be very rarely in any case). Thanks for searching, <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 21:58, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). == Hi! == Hi Andrew. How would you say: C is the most (numerous)of the languages being spoken? --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 14:55, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ex omnibus aliis linguis in [[Philippinae|Philippinis]] acceptis usitatissima est [[lingua Cebuanensis|Cebuanensis]]. Literally "Of all the other languages spoken in the Philippines, Cebuano is the most used." (In English, inserting the word "other" in this sentence is an illogicality, but in Latin I think it's OK.) That's my first try. I'll put this on the taberna: others will correct me. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:21, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Gratias ago! I 'll be using Ceylon's version to express that 'some people believe it to be so', if you don't mind.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] 08:37, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Of course. I simply translated the sentence you gave me, but I suspected you really wanted the other one! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:45, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Novus titulus paginae primae == ex pagina disputationis de Ssolbergj That looks fantastic, Well done! Is it possible to change the 'k' to a 'c'? (A lot of people have been confused by this before and ''Vicipaedia'' is the official name. Thanks, <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 17:44, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :It does look fantastic... sort of... and there's the matter on the c, which Harrisimo has pointed out. But I was wondering (sorry, I've been out lastly)... has there been any discussion on changing it? last time we had a month long discussion on the "new Pagina Prima". And on the image chosen... I think it is misleading (so it was the Capitoline she-wolf) because we're not a Roman but a Latin wiki... sorry to be the bad guy :(--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 18:13, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::But it did need saying, Xaveri. I think the Taberna's the best place for this. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 18:24, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::I don't want to be negative either -- I like it. But I reverted the formula just temporarily, because I feel it's too confusing to have our name misspelt at the top of the pagina prima. But Ssolbergj's work is all still there in the history, ready to be used! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:46, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::The new one is up now... but is everyone happy with Caesar standing there? I don't really know what other sort of symbol you could use to show non-Roman (as well as non-christian) latin. But I'm not complaining myself. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 19:56, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::::I have no problem with the statue...I mean, this Wiki is based on ''classical'' Latin, right? I don't see why we should be "politically correct" toward other variations of Latin. The question I have is about the photo itself...the photo isn't copyrighted is it? I just wanted to make sure because I know internet copyright laws are strange, and I don't think it would be in our best interest to be sued. -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 21:40, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::The original one is just a normal photograph with a normal non-copyright license[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Julius_Caesar_Coustou_Louvre_MR1798.jpg]. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 22:50, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::Other wikis I've checked don't have an image there, but if an image it is, I like the statue. The ''invitantur'' underneath should be made to reappear though. Incidentally, I've always wondered about the ''Nunc sunt ... paginae.'' This seems a little vague ("Now there are ... pages" - of what?). Wouldn't ''Nunc complectitur ... paginas'' or ''Adhuc habet ... paginas'' be nicer?--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 20:10, 21 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Either of what you suggest would be fine, I think. to me, "Adhuc habet ..." sounds the nicer of the three. By "paginae" we really mean "articles" but there was disagreement about which word bests translates "article"; I think either commentarium or commentatio would be more exact.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:15, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::It is really nice and we have to thank Ssolbergj for his efforts in creating this. However, I wish we could figure out a way to keep the text from getting lost behind the statue--at least that is what is happening for me in firefox and also konqueror. Does that also happen in explorer?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:01, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Re: "Omnes ut contribuant invitantur!"&mdash;Cassell's ait propriam rationem loquendi verbum ''invitare'' esse "invitare hominem ad rem," cuius puto formam passivam esse "homo invitatur ad rem," et nostram igitur invitationem melius esse ''Omnes ad contribuendum invitantur.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 00:58, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) : Ita quidem! Sed interdum ''ut'' finali utitur etiam Cicero (sicut ''de orat.'' 2,75 cum Hannibal ... invitatus esset ab hospitibus suis, ut eum ... audiret). --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 02:11, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) === lupa === O ademptionem! Lupa nostra fuit carissima cordi meo... non mihi est res maximi monenti qua forma lupa habeat, sed multo careo et desidero lupam nostam bellam redditam fore... Nolite me censere errare fallive, imago etaim melior est priori, at iterum dico lupam symbolum esse mihi delicatum.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 06:13, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Nobody else misses our wolf?--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 20:59, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Non ego... <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 21:02, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::I like the statue ''and'' the lupa. I think the statue is nice on the pagina prima but too assertive to be used as our logo generally. I've just tried putting the lupa in the "porta eruditionis" box as an experiment. I wonder if the lupa could serve as a logo, e.g. on the porta eruditionis pages (now developing), or perhaps elsewhere in Vicipaedia. I don't want to lose her. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:59, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Breast-feeding little Romans-to-be? How opportune for the ''[[Vicipaedia:Porta eruditionis|Porta Eruditionis]]'' then ... :)--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:02, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::One of the things about replacing the image of the chalkboard with the wolf is that it doesn't attract visual attention to the Porta... (given the state the Porta is in, that might not be the worst thing... I'm still meaning to hop on that in some form, but the chalkboard was great) --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 07:01, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::I had a similar association ... ;-) &mdash; The wolves? The statue looks good and interesting but it is not a specific symbol for Latin either. Could be a symbol for arts or history as well. I liked the wolves a bit more. A bit. ;-) --[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 22:27, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::As Andrew said, the statue is too assertive. And a bit too pompous to my taste. I'm with Ioscius in this matter. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 22:51, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Moi aussi. Servetur nostra lupa! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 00:11, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Si sentient signum Caesaris nimis gloriosum esse, fortasse summum replum(?)(quod dixit Vicipaedia et despectus in mundum monstrat) servare et lupas restituere possumus? Sed incertus sum signum Caesaris absurde esse pomposum. (If you all feel that Caesar's figure is too ostentatious, perhaps we can keep the top bar (that says Vicipaedia and looks onto the world) and restore the she-wolfs beneath? But I am not sure that the symbol of Caesar is inappropriately pompous.) --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:51, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Coram me mihi placet quomodo pagina prima nunc apparet signo Caesaris supra et lupa in loco Portae Eruditionis. (Personally it pleases me how the pagina prima now appears with Caesar's figure above and the shewolf in the Porta Eruditionis.)--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 01:00, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::I very much like the top bar, it looks great. What about trying the same thing, but with one she wolf in place of the statue? I agree that the statue is a bit too pompous. Nam haud sumus imperatores, immo sumus statu aequales, paresque officio!--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 07:01, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::Alia possibilitas est lupis supra uti et signo Caesaris infra in loco Portae Eruditionis. Caesar, quod sub lupis sit, non tantum pomposum videtur.(Another possibility is to use the she-wolfs above and the figure of Caesar below in the Porta Eruditionis. Caesar, because he would be below the she-wolfs, would not appear so pompous. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:24, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::::I have just reverted the she-wolf being put in the top corner because it is not transparent like Caesar (and so it didn't look very good). If somebody knows how and can tell me, maybe I can make it so. Of course, I won't mind if somebody wishes to re-revert - it just looks bad (sententiā meā). <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 22:46, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::::::::: I agree that it did not look too good. In order to make the background of the she-wolf image transparent, it would be necessary to edit the image using an image editing program and to reupload it to commons under a different name. --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:04, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::::::Is it possible to make it transparent through Inkscape? That and Microsoft paint are the only editors I know my way around. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 23:19, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::Egomet censeo et sine imagine iucunde atque summa aequabilitate vivi posse, praesertim cum et ceterae Wikipediae sigla nationalia eaque in prima pagina posita respuere videantur. Semper autem custodiat lupa quasi alma mater Eruditionis portam!--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 06:53, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Ita, et optimum locum statuae praebebit pagina [[Gaius Iulius Caesar|imperatori]] nostro dedicata. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 14:02, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Just a thought: What about a dog as a mascot? Might be a better symbol for our Latin than Caesar ...--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:25, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Please explain the special relation between dogs and Latin :-) Why not rabbits or butterflys?--[[Usor:Rolandus|Rolandus]] 22:35, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::: Maybe [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_Latin dog Latin]? &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''':&ndash;)''' &nbsp;&nbsp;--[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 22:57, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Ouch--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 23:02, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) === commentarium/commentatio === For my part, since what we write comes nothing close to ''De Bello Gallico'', what we write are more ''commentationes'' . . . --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 06:07, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == 18,000 == Si recte aestimo, pagina (vel commentatio) numero 18,000 fuit "[[Sinus Guantanamus]]", a Rafaele incepta. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:01, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Statiunitensis == In commentariis de [[Stephanus Colbert|Stephano Colbert]] et [[Ioannes Stewart|Ioanne Stewart]], noster 141.213.161.210 declarat verbum ''Statiunitensis'' esse accommodatum ad hanc encyclopaediam. Secundum capsam "quaerere," verbum non invenitur alibi in Vicipaedia. Quid putatis vos? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:12, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :''Statunitensis'' (slight difference of spelling) appears at [[Arabia Saudiana]] and [[Disputatio:SCDI]], so Google tells me. It also appears at [[Cinematographia]], though Google failed to spot it there. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:19, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::De [[Arabia Saudiana]], Google tibi mentitum est. In disputatione de SCDI, vide quaestionem: "'Statunitensis gubernatio et Statunitenses sanitariae ordinationes'? Quod significat hoc mirabile verbum?" IacobusAmor 16:41, 29 Maii 2007 (UTC)" Ha! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 01:25, 23 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::"Statunitense" is the italian word for "american" (from "stati uniti"), like "estadounidense" in spanish (from "estados unidos"). So "Statunitense" fits right in with people calling the US "Uniti Status"). ::One point of view, therefore, is that the preference for the form derived from the Romance languages is understandable because "Americanus" will always suffer from the trouble that "America" is also the name of the rest of the Western Hemisphere. ::Yet most people in romance speaking countries only use "Americano" to only mean "cives CFA" anyway, and use a longer phrase to mean the continent and peoples of the Americas. Thus another point of view is that "Status Uniti" really is awful latin for CFA and let just stick with our guns and insist on decent latin, running roughshod over those clinging to their romance language preconceptions.:)--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:46, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::And further, what do south Americans call themselves? Does a guy from Columbia call himself a Columbian or an Americano/sud Americano? A guy from El Salvador Americano or Salvadoreno? North America too... I've never once heard a Canadian call himself American. In English, American can be a substantive for a CFAer, or, if in a different context, an adjective defining a more specific geonym. I agree with Rafael this is a somewhat silly question (though it's not the first time it's been raised), and with all who think that to use a form based off Stati Uniti (from which I personally spent HOURS ridding Vicipaedia...) is barbaric.--[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 20:59, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Hear hear. <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 21:07, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::Well, instead of ''Status uniti'' one could use ''civitates foederatae''. In English as in other languages, there is the solution of "US-American", but this is somewhat difficult to render in Latin. As far as I know, in international organisations, in English, they do not say American but US: US-GDP and so on. I also know of some Americans (outside US), who do not want the term "American" for "US". --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 23:08, 22 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == "Platica" == Does this word exist in Latin? There is a Spanish word, ''plática'', that means "conversation", and Royal Spanish Academy's Dictionary says that [http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltGUIBusUsual?LEMA=plática it comes from Latin "platica"]. Though, I have never seen this word in Latin. May it be a Greek loanword? --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 21:47, 24 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) : Tried to look in Corominas' diccionario etimológico but there was no entry for ''platica''. Nevertheless, let me venture a guess. If ''platica'' comes from Greek, the appropriate word would be (adj.) ''platikós'' which means both 'general' and 'detailed', depending on context; e.g. platike exegesis 'detailed explanation'. ''Platicus'' occurs in late Latin as an astrological term, meaning 'general, non respiciens partes minores'. In medieval manuscripts, ''platicus'' tends to be confused with ''placitus'', which may indicate something more than only a mechanic lapsus calami. So, maybe ''platica'' has resulted, in Hispano-Latin, from a contamination of the two, Greek giving the form, and Latin ''placitum'', the meaning. However, this is all very speculative. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 23:55, 24 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :: Lewis & Short give [http://perseus.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059;layout=;query=entry%3D%2336601;loc=pla%5Eti%5Ece_1 platice] as a post-classical word derived from the Greek. (And of course the Grecizing -e corresponds to a standard Latin -a). –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 03:47, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Maximas gratias vobis ago pro explicatione. --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]] [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Mexico.svg|22px]] ^{([[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]])} 08:24, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Littera "K" == I was recently viewing the page for Tokyo ([[Tocio]]) and followed the link [[bursa]], which had a link back to Tocio as Tokii which (besides the incorrect form of the word) brings up the question of whether or not to utilize "K" in city and other place names. I realize that the letter was rarely, if ever, used by speakers of Latin, and would like to posit that links either Latinize every place name or, like with authors, artists, et cetera, leave the name the way it was. :In accommodating combinations spelled ''ke'' and ''ki'' in their original languages (or in their usual romanized transliterations), any Latinization that uses ''ce'' and ''ci'' is ill-advised because it forces people who speak "church Latin" into mispronunciation, and these may well be the majority of Latin-speakers today (though perhaps not forever). Let's tinker as little as possible with alien proper names! ''K'' is a productive letter in modern Latin. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:52, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Indeed. The objections the Romans raised against ''K'' was only that it was superfluous, having the same force of C. In a world where that's no longer necessarily the case, well... –[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 03:30, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::I beg to disagree. K in Latin played about the same role as Digamma or Qoppa in Greek: It was an archaic and obsolete letter, mostly reserved for writing ''kalendae''. Significantly, it was not used for integrating foreign words into Latin (in contrast to Y and Z): Κύπρος was translitterated as ''Cyprus''. That's why this wiki was called ''Vicipaedia'' I suppose. As for pronunciation, every Latinist knows that in classical Latin C was pronounced K. If some people consciously choose ecclestiastical pronunciation instead, I don't think pronouncing ''Tocio'' like ''Totchio'' is more objectionable than pronouncing ''civis'' like ''tchivis''.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 08:19, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Re: ''It was an archaic and obsolete letter, mostly reserved for writing ''kalendae''.'' So I thought, but ''supervacua'' is the deprecating epithet applied to K (and sometimes Q) by several grammarians including Priscian ("K quidem penitus supervacua est [...] "Carthago" enim et "caput", sive per C sive per K scribantur, nullam faciunt nec in sono nec in potestate eiusdem consonantis differentiam"); the only other reason I find offhand goes with a rule (such as that given by Quintilian) that K is only used in words it is an abbreviation for; Velius Longus says ''qui K expellunt, notam dicunt esse magis quam litteram''. ::::::Re: ''Significantly, it was not used for integrating foreign words into Latin'': Isidore asserts the exact opposite of that advice: ''Omnia autem Graeca nomina qualicumque sequente vocali per K sunt scribenda.'' (And of course the Phoenician ''Karthago'' was often spelled with K, as Priscian implies above.) A ''preference'' for C is certainly of Roman date, but I think the universal use of ''C'' instead of ''K'' is a relatively recent invention. —[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 00:50, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Is there a reason why caput is sometimes spelled with a K? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 01:15, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). :::::Re "K in Latin played."&mdash;That was then; this is now. ''K'' never died, and it sometimes reappeared in medieval texts where classical texts had ''C'': I've seen the word ''karitas'' (not ''caritas'') in many medieval MSS. Alongside the classical tendency to use ''C'' for the sound of the velar unvoiced stop stands another principle, perhaps the larger one: that Latinization should disturb non-Latin proper names as little as possible. We often see that concern here, as when we agree not to Latinize surnames de novo. ¶ As for the usefulness of helping church Latinists not mispronounce foreign proper names, it may be relevant that linguists use /k/, not /c/, for the sound of the velar unvoiced glottal. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:39, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Audite, audite! (Hear, hear!) Ceterum haec quoque dici possunt de littera "W" --[[Usor:Fabullus|Fabullus]] 19:38, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Quid? Nonne hankke litteram valde utilem produktivamque et ad verba Latina skribenda adhibeamus, ne quis ea more ekklesiastiko pronuntiet? :)--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 22:03, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::[http://209.85.165.104/search?q=cache:hMdMjn74_CgJ:www.math.utep.edu/Faculty/helmut/resource/ZeDrem.pdf+ze+drem+vil&hl=la&ct=clnk&cd=6&gl=us&client=firefox-a Ze drem vil finali kum tru!] --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 22:53, 25 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Rideo!! -- [[Usor:Secundus Zephyrus|Secundus Zephyrus]] 04:11, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) So how should we be translating and writing in Latin? Should we follow the Ancient Romans or the Latin of the Middle Ages (and/or "Curch Latin")? I am in favor of altering place names as little as possible, but I also understand that this is extremely difficult for most places, as the Romans either didn't know about their names or didn't care, and also in the sense that this wiki has already been dubbed ''Vi''c''ipaedia''. My belief is that the names should be recognizable to people with little understanding of the language, how this wiki works, or those who cannot find what they are looking for (as a sidenote, I had particular difficulty in locating [[Sicagum|Chicago]]), not only for ease, but also out of respect for other cultures. I suppose that, at the very least, the modern names of the place can be found on the page as well as at the top of the "Quarere". [[Usor:Sapiens23|Sapiens23]] 22:58, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Re "I suppose that, at the very least, the modern names of the place can be found on the page as well as at the top of the "Quarere"."&mdash;I argued for this some time ago, because (as your plight with [[Sicagum|Chicago]] shows) having an indigenous name on a page in addition to the Latin one will assist people using the Quaerere box to find articles; but the prevailing consensus, if I recall correctly, rejected this argument. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:50, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I wasn't aware of such a consensus. I would always put the "original"/relevant/local/current name on the page, along with whatever Latin name we choose; it's sure to be helpful. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:13, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I've been considering this question and putting together notes on how to solve them (still not much productive to show, yet). Of course ''for the encyclopedia'' the correct answer is that a word is treated as foreign (and unaltered, save for transliteration) unless it's already been written about elsewhere in Latin, in which case we should use that spelling (or the best spelling, if there are many options). To deviate from this rule is both to violate NPOV and become The Encyclopedia That Makes Things Up—dreadful fates indeed. As for difficulty in finding, I understand that when the Latin name differs from the common or native one, redirects are encouraged (and I'll put one in for [[Chicago]] just now.) —[[Usor:Mycēs|Mucius Tever]] 00:50, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Gratias maximas tibi ago, Muci --[[Usor:Sapiens23|Sapiens23]] 15:55, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) If we were to apply a commonly cited principle&mdash;that we should call people by the names they themselves prefer&mdash;then perhaps we'd refer to Charlemagne as Karolus! Vide:[[Fasciculus:Charlemagne autograph.svg|thumb|100px|left|Monogramma imperatoris Caroli Magni]] [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:50, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::If his biographer Einhard is to be trusted, Charlemagne was virtually illiterate - so this spelling was chosen for him rather than by him. Nor was Latin his mother tongue; his actual name was something like ''Karl''. But since the rules say we should use historical Latinisations where they exist, I would not have a problem with ''Karolus'' as long as we keep a redirect.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 18:20, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Cardinal points == Viciaepaedia so far offers a welter of unsystematic terms for the sixteen most usually cited points of the compass.<br> (1) Could someone provide a standard, systematic set of terms for them? I list the desired ones here: ::North ::North-northeast ::Northeast ::East-northeast ::East ::East-southeast ::Southeast ::South-southeast ::South ::South-southwest ::Southwest ::West-southwest ::West ::West-northwest ::Northwest ::North-northwest :For the more complicated ones (e.g., ''north-northeast''), English has a fuller expression (e.g., ''north by northeast''); is that a clue as to how the Latin idiom works?<br> (2) What's the Latin idiom for statements of the pattern "A is/lies [a certain distance] north of B"? It's especially useful in statements about where villages lie in relation to cities and where little islands lie in relation to big islands. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 17:22, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :In [[Index geographicus#Regiones caeli]] are some examples from Latin texts for "regiones caeli". --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 17:37, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::''North'', translated either borealis (north star) or septentriones (big dipper), :::from Traupmann we have the following idioms: to the north/northward = in septentriones versus or simply septentriones versus; on the north side = a septentrionibus :::other possibilities (I think I have seen): towards the north = ad septentriones, or simply accusative depending on the verb, northerly direction: ad septentrionalem partem, a septentrionibus = from the north ::''South'', translated as either meridies (in the northern hemisphere because it means the midday sun) or auster (south wind) generally ::''East'' translated as orientis ::''West'' translated as occidens ::For the other intermediate directions I believe that the romans had separate words standing for the various winds in the sea south of italy: Africus = southwest, Argestes, west-southwest, etc., etc.. Nowadays I don't think these would apply too well. What did the medieval sailors say? This is an important topic, I hope to hear more and will look into it more too!--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 18:38, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Thanks for these terms, but let a comment on "North" stand for a comment on all of them: if that's all Traupmann says, he's failed, because he hasn't told us how to say 'Estonia is north of Latvia'. ''Estonia est in Latviae septentrionibus? Estonia est in septentrionibus Latviensibus? Estonia est in septentrionibus ab Latvia?'' (My guess would be the last, but guessing isn't always the best way to go, and maybe some idiom not suggested here would be the best one.) The question remains: what's the idiom? And the secondary question remains: how do we say 'A is north-northeast of B'? Worldwide, the old Latin uses of Mediterranean & southern European winds is irrelevant. There ought to be a systematic way of referring to the sixteen listed points of the compass. Surely sailors in the renaissance and later had some convenient way of naming them? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 19:05, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Yes I see and I agree that the the rennaisance sailors must have recorded directions in their stories so the thing to do is find out what they used. My own guess would have been to translate it as "Estonia iacet in septentrionibus Latviae." But, indeed, it would be immensely more satisfactory to see what people actually would say back then.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:45, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::For the wanted pattern, 'A lies [X miles] north of B', I've found a model sentence for everything but the compass-point: ''Milia passuum tria ab eorum castris castra ponit'' 'He pitches his camp three miles from theirs' (Caes. ''B.G.,'' 1.22.5); that might give us ''A iacet milia passuum X ab Y'' 'A lies X miles from Y'. Then would the direction be after a preposition or just in the bare ablative? Using 'north': ''A iacet milia passuum X [a/in] septentrionibus ab Y'' 'A lies X miles north of Y'. Is that the idiom? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 21:27, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Still no answer here but I did run into this on the web with useful citations: http://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/septentrio :::::::--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:03, 26 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Still no answer but I wanted to add the following relavent snippet from Traupman, who gives the following sentence and translation: "It is north of Canada, which borders the united States on the north. "--"Est supra Canadam, quae attingit Civitates Foederatas Americae a septentrione."Still looking for a source to answer your question....--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:28, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::OK, that (with a correction to ''attingit'') can work for 'north', and then ''infra'' can work for 'south', but how do you say 'Montreal is east-northeast of Ottawa'?! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 03:59, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) (corrected attinguit->attingit above--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 10:49, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC)) :::::::::Is there nothing in Ainsworth, Iacobe? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 03:45, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC). ::::::::::It gives the winds, as I listed months ago, but then we're stuck with terms like ''Boreas Scythicus'' for 'northeast' and ''Boreas Thracias'' for 'north-northwest', and what do Scythia and Thrace have to do with Canada? and we're still not using a set of terms as systematic as the English one (as listed above). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 03:59, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Well, let me try. Taking no stand to word order, one kind of basic (maximal) pattern would look as follows: '''A, ''iacet'', [MENSURA_ACC], ad PLAGA_ACC, ab B_ABL'''. E.g., ''Estonia'' [''complures passús''] ''ab Latvia iacet ad septentriones'' (''ad septentrionum plagam''). But depending on how much info is given in the sentence, on the verbs used (e.g. ''abest'', ''constituit'', &c.), etc., the MENSURA may also be in ablative. Maximal patterns very rarely occur in running texts, so there are surely many textually sensible ways of giving this kind of information in pieces. --[[Usor:Neander|Neander]] 03:52, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Thanks; that's good to know. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 04:15, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Hardly anyone writes about going northeast in latin I suppose. Along the way however, I found that the expression "ad septentrionalem plagam" using the adjectival form is the most common, and I found a couple of instances of phrases like "ad septentrionalem plagam Oxoniae" meaning "on the north side of Oxon" where the point of reference is in the genetive rather than with ab+abl.I was thinking maybe Gilbert might be the source to look at but I have to visit the library for that..--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 11:26, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Results of this discussion could be put into [[ventus]], where there is also a part on ''regiones ventorum''. --[[Usor:Alex1011|Alex1011]] 11:47, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Hmmm. I found the following spanish/french adjective: "septentrio-orientales"; which may suggest how the medieval latin term was.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 11:49, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::In addition I found 1 external attestation for septentrio-orientalis in a Papal decree and two articles from Vicipaedia.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 12:04, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::From various latin sources on the web mostly papal decrees but also this [http://books.google.com/books?id=w0hZvTFJUioC&pg=PA203&dq=per+austro-occidentalis&sig=QNegfFS7zsbRHQ7r7O828G3pgSQ ::very useful book on botanical latin], it I get the following terms: septentrio-orientalis, meridio-orientalis, austro-orientalis; from this pattern we can form septentrio-occidentalis, boreo-occidentalis, austro-occidentalis. ::The book also has an example of usage: "Habitat in parte regionis mediterraneae austro-occidentali, praecipue in Hispania centrali et Lusitania meridionali, ubi occidentem versus abundat."->"It occurs in the south-western part of the Mediterranian region, especially in central Spain and southern Portugal, where towards the west it abounds." --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 12:22, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::How now to translate south-south-west --austro-austro-occidentalis ?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 12:23, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Is it really necessary to use a system of 16 directions? Do other wikipedias really say e.g. ''Luton is north-north-east of London''? I think it unlikely that any medieval sailors conversed in Latin. If so they would probably have used the winds (SE Vulturnus, SW Africus, S Auster, NE Aquilo, NW Caurus, N Boreas, E Subsolanus, W Zephyrus). For the 8 principal directions, Georges suggests: ::::SE - inter meridiem et ortum solis (spectare) ::::SW - inter occasum brumalem et meridiem (spectare) ::::NE - inter ortum solis et septemtriones (spectare) ::::NW - inter septemtriones et occasum solis (spectare) :::::These are clear, but exceedingly cumbersome, and they still don't accommodate NNE, ENE, ESE, SSE, SSW, WSW, WNW, and NNW. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:28, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::It is odd, though, that constructions of the type 'A is East / West / North / South of B' seem to be so hard to find in literature. A typical example is Varro, who says ''Asia iacet ad meridiem et austrum, Europa ad septemtriones et aquilonem'', implying the position of the speaker as the point of reference. Thus, we would probably have to say ''Luton'' (what's the Latin for Luton anyway?) ''iacet inter'' (or: ad) ''plagas orientalem et septemtrionalem Londinii''?--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 12:48, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::According to the English wikipedia, Luton does ''not'' lie northeast of London: it lies "32 miles (51 kilometres) ''north'' of London" (emphasis added). In other words (some readers might speculate), if you start in London and walk somewhere between NNW and NNE according to the compass, you'll get to Luton. ¶ Whatever we do, we should avoid what the nation of Papua New Guinea has done: its Western Highlands lie eastward of its Southern Highlands and mostly north of its Eastern Highlands, most of its West Sepik Province lies east of a substantial part of its East Sepik Province, its Central Province is in the extreme southeast of New Guinea Island, and its Northern Province lies in almost the extreme ''south'' of the country (and entirely east of its Western Province). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:28, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::It depends from where in London you start. In any case, never forget to look up from your compass when crossing the M25 :)--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 15:25, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Using the Botanical latin construction and the example given by Iacobus and Neander above, we can say the same thing: ''Luton iacet 40 chiliometra ad plagam boreo-occidentalem Londinii'' -> ''Luton lay 40 kilometers to the northwest of london.''--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:30, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Here is an attested version closer to Ceylon's more classical usage: Pliny IV 16 30 ex adverso huius situs (the Low Countries) Britannia insula inter septentrionem et occidentem iacet, Germaniae Galliae Hispaniae magno intervalle adversa" from Investigations Representing the Departments: Greek, Latin, Comparative ..by University of CHicago.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 13:41, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::From all this (above), we may conclude that the ancients didn't have a need for the universally standard directions that maps for centuries now have been training us to imagine, as with the coordinates of latitude & longitude, given by GPS signals nowadays with unbelievable precision. So Cicero's Latin didn't have a need for sixteen compass points, but ''ours'' does! And what shall we use for them? ¶ The most important wind in the Pacific is none of the classical winds: it's the ''tradewind'' (''trade wind, trade-wind''), which blows generally from the northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and the southeast in the Southern Hemisphere, but has particular variants. The standard Sāmoan-English dictionary, for example, defines the Sāmoan term ''toʻelau'' as "Prevailing easterly winds which blow from north-east through east to east-south-east from May to October and are commonly known as trade-winds." Note the use of this ''easterly'' to include directions varying from NE to ESE. Is there a Latin equivalent to that vagueness (''northerly, easterly, southerly, westerly,'' as opposed to the precision of ''north, east, south, west'')? And how should we translate ''tradewind'' anyway? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:28, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Would we be better advised to avoid the classical winds altogether? Note that Varro (cited above) seems to distinguish between ''meridiem et austrum,'' but how?! Would using the actual degrees of the compass work? ("A lies roughly 30 kilometers and 16 degrees from B.") Too bad we can't use clockfaces the way English-speakers do: "A is at two o'clock (from B)!" [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 14:39, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::Borealis and australis literally refer to the winds while septentrionalis and meridionalis refer to the north stars and the sun. However, both terms became universally used for the directions themselves. Meridionalis doesn't make sense in the southern hemisphere because the midday sun is north.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:22, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::Do we really need NNE etc.? Can't we make do with eight compass points, such as NE etc.? If not, any translation with a claim to instinctive intelligibility would have to be rather unwieldy (like ''potius ad septemtriones vergit quam ad orientem'' et sim.). Concerning Varro, he seems to have used ''meridies et austrus'' as synonyms here.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 15:25, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Most often we don't have to be so technical and ordinary, less precise locutions will do, but to the address what is a legitimate need for some concepts as Iacobus indicated above here is my attempt to adapt the Botanical latin expressions to suit. Indicating direction we could say "to the north" as ad borealem or ad borealem plagam or ad borealem versus etc. So in that sense we can write: * North—ad borealem * North-northeast—inter borealem et boreo-orientalem <-> ad borealem-boreo-orientalem * Northeast—ad boreo-orientalem * East-northeast—inter orientalem et boreo-orientalem<-> ad orientalem-boreo-orientalem * East—ad orientalem * East-southeast—inter orientalem et austro-orientalem * Southeast—ad austro-orientalem * South-southeast—inter australem et austro-orientalem<->ad australem-austro-orientalem * South—ad australem * South-southwest—inter australem et austro-occidentalem<->ad australem-austro-occidentalem * Southwest—ad austro-occidentalem * West-southwest—inter occidentalem et austro-occidentalem<->ad occidentalem-austro-occidentalem * West—ad occidentalem * West-northwest—inter occidentalem et boreo-occidentalem<-> ad occidentalem-boreo-occidentalem * Northwest—ad boreo-occidentalem * North-northwest—inter borealem et boreo-occidentalem<-> ad borealem-boreo-occidentalem --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:39, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :And of course there are the suitable substitutions for north and south: septentrionalem and meridionalem. And depending on the expression one can substitute the noun itself for the adjective form. I just didn't want to write too much.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:48, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) === exemplum === In commentario [[Uvea]], videmus hanc sententiam: "Uvea iacet 240 km in aquilone Futunae et Alofiorum." In the light of our discussion, how do we suggest fixing it? For a similar kind of opening (that is, with fuller variants listed after the commonest version), though it doesn't involve the glottal-stop question, see [[Maria Guyart]]. This way of listing variants seems quite in keeping with what Vicipaedia has been doing all along. Therefore, with [[ʻOkina]] (vide "Glottal-stop question" infra), perhaps we should make the changeover to option (2). Let's leave it for a couple of days and see what (if anything) various others propose. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 19:18, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :In this case I think we can do it precisely and succintly: "Uvea iacet 240 km ad boreo-orientem Futunae et Alofiorum." or vaguer, longer, more colloquial, and perhaps nicer: "Uvea iacet 240 km inter septentriones et orientem versus ab Futuna et Alofiis." --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:06, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Since your sentence is pretty close to what Pliny tried to say, I would venture: ''Uvea insula 240 fere chiliometra abest a Futuna et Alofiis, sita inter septentriones et solis ortum.''--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 21:23, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Yes I think your version is nicer. Less precise, more colloquial, more concrete, in latin is nicer. The more precise expression from botanical latin admittedly hurts the eyes a bit, and the ears.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 22:08, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::I gather the 'botanical' style will come in handy when directions are needed in attributive (as opposed to predicative) form: ''Africa austro-occidentalis'' is more practical than ''ea Africae pars quae ad meridiem solisque occasum spectat''.--[[Usor:Ceylon|Ceylon]] 06:52, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::According to the book Botanical Latin, I think that is how the botanical nomenclature was originally intended. Although that same nomenclature could be adapted to navigation purposes, perhaps like what I described above, to translate phrases like ''X is a wind moving south-southwest at 50km/h.''-> ''X est ventus qui inter plagas australem et austro-occidentalem 50km/h afflat.''--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:40, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Privateer == What's the Latin for ''[[:en:privateer|privateer]]''? Thank you in advance./¿Cómo se dice ''[[:es:corsario|corsario]]'' en latín? Gracias de antemano--[[Usor:Le K-li|Le K-li]] 15:01, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Morgan Adumbratio gives: ::corsair, privateer (government authorized pirate or harasser of enemy ships) cursarius, i+ m. (Ducange; Niermeyer; Latham; Ducrue 258: "accidit enim frequentissime ut illae orae maritimae continuis Africanorum excursionibus infestentur. Hos inter cursarios etiam praedictae naves fuere") :--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 15:55, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Glottal-stop question == Polynesian (and other) languages have a consonant usually described as a glottal stop. The Hawaiian (and now English) word for it is ''ʻokina.'' Would Vicipaedians prefer to see an article on it starting (1) "'''ʻOkina''' est. . . ." or (2) "'''Okina,''' subtilius '''ʻokina,''' est. . . ."? That is, should this consonant always be kept in Latin transliterations? or should it be cited only as a more precise alternative? Naturally, it occurs in placenames, so the problem is unavoidable. So far, as I've been experimenting, it seems reasonable to ignore the indigenous ''macron,'' since Latin itself (pace nostro Avito) tended to ignore its own long vowels, but possibly to keep the ʻokina, because it's a specific phoneme, often required to distinguish between words (for example, Samoan ''loʻu'' 'my' vs. ''lou'' 'your'). And since the Hawaiian alphabet has only thirteen letters (not the twenty-six of the standard modern roman alphabet), it seems a shame to deprive it of even one of them! Of course if we decide to keep the ʻokina, somebody will have to go back & change ''Havaii'' to ''Havaiʻi'' in numerous places. ¶ This question is not without an important practical implication: any word that starts with an ʻokina and turns up in an automatically alphabetized list (as happens with categoriae) is going to be grouped with other such words at the ''end'' of the alphabet. You can check this yourself in Categoria:Linguistica. That might be a good argument for option (2) above. Another one would be that the old Roman writers would almost certainly have ignored the glottal stop, and they may not even have noticed it when they heard it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 16:27, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I would think that (2) is the superior alternative for precisely the reasons you list above. I can't think of any harm that would come from adopting (2) but there are a couple of instances of harm /annoyance that would result from (1), especially if such a practice were extended to languages like korean(with a silent consonant) and chinese(with many characters for the same sound and complicated accents). I guess the standard should be: what would a normal writer do when writing day to day to fellow latin colleagues who don't necessary know much about a topic.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:57, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Rafael, in line with your thinking, I've experimentally recast the article [[Uvea]] to match the pattern of (2) above, by getting rid of the initial glottal stop and thereby making Vicipaedia's machinery alphabetize the name under U, not after Z. Will others give a thought to whether "'''Uvea,''' accuratius '''ʻUvea'''" is the best practice for these names? There are nontrivial numbers of them in Oceania! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 18:50, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::It seems nice to me the way you did it. (The problem, by the way, with Chinese names can be quite severe. Because of the problem, the last couple of years the physics journals in the US allowing Chinese authors to include their names in character form within parentheses in the author list.) --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:12, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Littera S Latina == Do you have any linguistic source for the statement that Latin S had a palatalized sound (like in Spanish and North Italian)? Gratias! --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 18:39, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I found the following website listing the pronunciations with some references: http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Latin/Grammar/Latin-Pronunciation-Syllable-Accent.html :However, I remember someone once recommended [http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/latinlanguage/qt/latinpronounce.htm Vox Latina: A Guide to the Pronunciation of Classical Latin] as an authoritative resource on pronunciation.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 20:29, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Thank you! --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 13:22, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I really don't think Spanish has got a palatalized S. Probably American one has. --[[Usor:Daniel bg|Daniel bg]] 11:09, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Maybe that fonetically it is not the proper expression, but traditionally it is said that Castilian Spanish has a palatalized S that sounds like between the English "s" and "sh" sound, just like in many other European languages (Greek, Finnish, Dutch, Swedish, etc.). --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 13:22, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Having seen some spanish movies I can verify the s spoken by Castillians is somewhat between an sh and an s; pronunciations vary by region however. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:28, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Exactly, though it is not an exclusive property of Castillian Spanish, there are also regions is Mexico where it is pronounced between s and sh, and also I think in Perú and Ecuador it is pronounced like that (it is said, because those areas where the center of Spanish Colonial Imperium and the most educated people from Castille were taken there). --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 17:06, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::I'm confused now... how do I pronounce the ''s'' if it is not <nowiki>[s]</nowiki>?--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:11, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) Xaverius: Exactamente como tú la pronuncias en Madrid, es la [s] palatalizada (más correctamente: apicoalveolar), que obviamente difiere de la [s] predorsodental que se pronuncia en francés e inglés, aunque no llega a articularse como {{IPA|[ ʃ ]}} (sh del inglés). --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 18:19, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) The /s/ used in Spain is usually referred to as "apical," meaning that it is made with the very tip of the tongue (IPA [s&#826;]). It's not palatal, though it does have a sound somewhat similar to the alveolo-palatal [ ʃ]. --[[Usor:Iustinus|Iustinus]] 21:34, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :I have never noticed any difference between the /s/ from Spain and elsewhere... I'll try to pay mor atention next time. I knew that the /d/ in Castillian Spanish is different from /d/ elsewhere.<s>--[[Specialis:Conlationes/129.67.125.130|129.67.125.130]] 22:48, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC)</s>--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 22:53, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::It depends also on the individual perception. Probably you aren't able to hear the difference because you pronounce it this way. But a person who pronounces the "s" like in English or French, or American Spanish, will note the difference between their and your pronunciation. :) --[[Usor:TheMexican|Mexicanus]]^{[[Disputatio_Usoris:TheMexican|scribe!]]} 09:18, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I'll ask my mexicans friends here in Oxford.... to see if i have a different [s]!--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:14, 29 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == De pagina prima == Videtisne paginas primas aliarum Wikipediarum? Nostra Vicipaedia facile est omnium pulchrissima.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 21:17, 27 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ita vero, recte dices, Rafael!--[[Usor:Xaverius|Xaverius]] 17:09, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Ita... usque ab commutatione quam fecimus aestivo proxumo, sine dubio puto nostram paginam primam pulcherrimam esse. --[[Usor:Ioscius Rocchius|Ioscius]] <small>^{[[Disputatio Usoris:Ioscius Rocchius|(disp)]]}</small> 20:08, 28 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == Translatio == Estne res similis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Translation/Ref pro latina Vicipaedia? [[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 02:20, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Numquam vidi similem hic. Mea sententia hic raro creant paginam quae absolute est translatio integra paginae aliae linguae.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:48, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Possum uti Anglicam?[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 02:51, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::Quippe potes lingua anglica uti...--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:00, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Minime, possum uti Anglicum Templatum(??)?[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 03:06, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::? ? Si lingua anglica no potes loqui, qua lingua potes? If you do not speak english, which language can you speak?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:57, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::No I speak English what I ment was that I wasn't aking if I could comunicate in English I think it better that it be in Latin so that those who don't speak English may know Latin can understand. What I meant was that Anglicam in "Possum uti Amglicam" (and now I realize I left out the -ne I'm not sure if "Quippe potes lingua anglica uti..." was a joke) was a substantive meaning the English Template. I tried it and it didn't work but it is rather simple and I'll simply do what it was intended to be in the Article without a template.[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 04:09, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::I have trouble understanding both your english and latin. "Quippe potes lingua anglica uti" means "Certainly you can use the english language". "Possum uti Amglicam" makes no sense. It means "I can make use english something". Although, given your english sentences above, I'm not sure you can uderstand what I am writing right now...What is your native language?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:16, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::My native Language is English. I know that "Possum uti Anglicam" means "I can use English something". But the Question mark should have indicated I meant "Possumne uti Anglicam" Which means "Can I use the English Something?" The Something in this case is the English template which I asked about in the first comment. Since I asked if there was a Latin one I thought it would make sense to use a substantive since in Enlgish I could easily have said "Can I use the English one?" And I don't know the Latin word for Template. I wasn't sure if The Template would cross over the language pages. So, I was asking litterally if I was capable of using it. But I tried and it didn't work. However, it is easy to simply write in what the template does since it creates a Simple Line of text with a Bullet point before it.[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 04:35, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::::Utor means "I serve myself" I "Possumne uti Anglicam" is totally ungrammatical. "Possumne anglica re uti" would at least be grammatically correct meaning "Can I use an english thing" or literally "Can I serve myself with an english thing." Anyway you can simply indicate the source you are using as a source at the bottom of the page in question and accomplish the same thing as what you template would do. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:51, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::After rereading the exchange I figured out what you are asking: Can you use the english template? I guess the answer is: I suppose so, if you create one, but given your beginner's knowledge of latin why don't you just try your best in creating an article and put a <nowiki>{{tiro}}</nowiki> template on it. No offense, but probably someone is going to have to completely rewrite what you contribute anyway. --[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:27, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::::::Sorry I realize now that utor, uti takes the Ablative. That was probably a cause for confusion. Well, I have translated a rather small article about a Catholic Saint from the English page which I could get up some time tommorrow. If you want you could take a look at it and tell me if you think it is worth me attempting anything more. [[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 05:11, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::::::Never mind I realize that although it is a some what common practice, the GFDL license's terms cannot be followed concerning translations for wikipedia as the history page for the previous Article cannot be dupicated within wikipedia. So, the issue is moot. :::::::::::::Where does it say that if you translate an article you have to attach a new copy of the translated page's history? It seems obvious to me that a translation isn't a copy. Also ever hear of making a link? If there was an issue would wikipedia have a project dedicated to translating its pages?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 08:08, 1 Februarii 2008 (UTC) == Licentiae == Cogito necesse esse mutare "Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" exscripsisse. NOLI OPERIBUS SUB IURE DIVULGANDI UTI SINE POTESTATE!" ut conplectat copyleft(nescio Latinam) licentias quod volo facere illud ac legale est.[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 02:43, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :Ubi leges hanc rem?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:52, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::Ah. Iam vidi hoc in parte paginae infera. Quo modo/cur vis specialiter ea verba mutare?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:56, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::I'm goona put this in English because I don't don't the Latin for copyright but how about a Lain equivalent of "You agree that you are not violating copyright laws and to publish you content under GFDL."[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 03:23, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::Right now it says NOLI OPERIBUS SUB IURE DIVULGANDI UTI SINE POTESTATE!->"don't use works under copyright unless you have permission" Why is this not sufficient? We do not wish to publish original content so that GDFL is irrelevant.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 03:51, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::Quod quoque inquit, "Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" exscripsisse." => "And also you promise yourself to be the actual first author of these words, or to be writing from a work in the Public Domain." Si utor litteras in copyleft Licentia ast quae sunt de Justo Uso, mentior. Vero, GDFL est alienus de his litteris. Non contemplavi id esse super, cogito.[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 04:25, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::Could you rewrite this in english?--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 04:30, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) :::::::Because it also says, "Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" exscripsisse." => "And also you promise yourself to be the actual first author of these words, or to be writing from a work in the Public Domain." If I use a work in a Copyleft License or which is Fair Use, then I'm lying. Yes, the GDFL is irrevlevant to this statement. I think I didn't notice that it was above [the text I was refering to].[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] 04:41, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::::::::Sorry the de in "quae sunt de Justo Uso" shouldn't have been there I think I rewrote the sentence and never removed it. :::::::::Right now the whole text says:"Nota bene omnia contributa divulgari sub GNU Free Documentation License (vide singula apud Vicipaedia:Verba privata). Nisi vis verba tua crudelissime recenseri, mutari, et ad libidinem redistribui, noli ea submittere.Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" exscripsisse. NOLI OPERIBUS SUB IURE DIVULGANDI UTI SINE POTESTATE!" ->Note well that all contributions are to be published under the GDFL license. Don't submit your work, if you don't wish that it be cruelly edited, changed and freely distributed. You also promise us that you are the first writer of these words, or are writing from a work in the public domain. DONT USE WORKS UNDER COPYRIGHT WITHOUT PERMISSION!". I think the intent is that a sentence or two of text within quotation marks under fair use is allowed under the above. You are only promissing that any translation is your own and also allowed under the usual rules. Specifically the rule is referring to what *you* are writing outside of presenting a quotation. Nevertheless it wouldn't hurt to add a phrase saying "Nobis etiam spondes te esse ipsum horum verborum scriptorem primum, aut ex opere in "dominio publico" vel in dominio GDFL Wikipediano exscripsisse, aut sub usus iusti iure verbis laudatis inter signa uteris."--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 05:35, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) ::On second thought I don't think there is any need to change anything in the wording. As long as you cite your sources and don't violate copyrights or commit plagiarism, it is obvious from what is written that translating a wikipedia page is not only allowed but encouraged, as is quoting. Look at our front page.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 14:53, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) == J/I == Consuetudone est pro usente J/I?[[Usor:Commment|Commment]] :Lege [[Vicipaedia:Commendationes paginarum recte scribendarum]]--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 02:50, 31 Ianuarii 2008 (UTC) [[Categoria:Tabernae acta priora|0]] exvwu026uure814qxoc6edmfzj14vmt 0 38936 3982959 2765758 2026-08-21T19:34:08Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Portae]] 3982959 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Menin Gate inscription Redvers.jpg|thumb|Inscriptio super portam: ''Exercitibus Imperii Britannici qui hic ab 1914 ad 1918 constabant et mortuis qui nullum sepulchrum habent'']] '''Porta Meninensis''' est monumentum [[primum bellum mundanum|primi belli mundani]] ad orientem centri urbis [[Ypra]]e situm. Nomina 54 896 militum sepulchri expertium in muris scripta sunt. Milites monumento commemorati circa Ypram belli tempore pugnaverunt. Monumentum nomen ex [[Menina]], oppido [[Belgia]]e ad orientem Yprae sito, accepit. Monumentum a [[Reginaldus Blomfield|Reginaldo Blomfield]], architecto claro Britannico, deformatum est. == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Image:Menin_Gate.jpg|Porta nocturna imago:Menin gate interior.jpg|Nomina militum in muro inscripta imago:Menenpoort.JPG|Aditus portae </gallery> == Nexus externus == {{CommuniaCat|Menin Gate|Portam Meninensem}} [[Categoria:Primum bellum mundanum]] [[Categoria:Monumenta Belgiae]] [[Categoria:Ypra]] [[Categoria:Portae]] an85799hs9mmxves9m0abx3ts32rdxm 0 41444 3982904 3982313 2026-08-21T17:07:41Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Fontes */ 3982904 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Roma, metà di dittico con un'apoteosi, 400 circa.JPG|thumb|Consecratio Symmachi (ut vulgo putatur). Nam hoc dimidium [[Diptychon consulare|diptychum]] [[ebur|eburneum]] [[Monogramma|monogramma]] Symmachorum fert et circa 400 scalptum est.]] {{res|Quintus Aurelius Symmachus}} signo {{res|Eusebius}} (natus circa annum [[342]] - obiit anno [[402]]/[[403|3]]), filius [[Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachus|Lucii Aurelii Avianii Symmachi]] fuit [[Senatus|senator]], [[consul]], [[praefectus urbi Romae]] annis [[384]] et [[385]] et orator. Vulgo pro opulentissimo oratore aetatis suae habitus absque nonnullis ipsi [[Cicero]]ni comparatus est<ref>Etiam ab adversariis ut [[Prudentius]], ''Contra Symmachum'': I.632-642.</ref>. Notus est imprimis commendationis indulgentiae in omnes religiones causa, quam in [[controversia de ara Victoriae]] affirmavit. == De familia == Primus ex illa gente avus Quinti Symmachi, Aurelius Valerius Tullianus Symmachus, [[Consul|consulatus]] insignia “severitatis merito” anno [[330]] accepit; nova familia igitur in ordine senatorio erant Symmachi. Eo magis praerogativas ordinis vindicare visi sunt. Quinti pater Lucius [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus Urbi]] fuit et [[princeps senatus]]: consul designatus circa 377 mortuus est. Quintus sororem unam<ref>''Ep''. VIII.49</ref> et tres fratres habuit qui omnes ante ipsum obierunt<ref>Nam circa 380 de Celsino Titiano ita scripsit: ''tertius hic mihi de optimis fratribus luctus est'' (''ep''. III.6).</ref>. Circa 370 Quintus Rusticianam, filiam praefecti [[Memmius Vitrasius Orfitus|Orfiti]], uxorem duxit. Filia eis fuit ignoto nomine nomine<ref>''Ep''. VI.12, 67, 79</ref> quae [[Nicomachus Flavianus iunior|Nicomacho Flaviano iuniori]] nupsit, ita adfinitatem inter duos e maximis scriptoribus illius aetatis firmans, et aliquanto postea filius [[Quintus Fabius Memmius Symmachus]] operum patris sui editor posthumus. A maioribus multa [[Immobile|bona immobilia]] hereditarie accepit: tres domus Romae, unam [[Capua (urbs antiqua)|Capuae]], quindecim [[villa|villas]] plerumque in Italia meridionali sitas, praedia quoque in [[Samnium|Samnio]], [[Apulia]], [[Sicilia (provincia Romana)|Sicilia]], [[Mauretania (discretiva)|Mauretania]]. Inter tamen senatores modice divites numerabatur et ad munera [[Praetor|praetoria]] filii sui duo milia argenti pondo erogasse dicitur<ref>[[Olympiodorus Thebanus|Olympiodorus]], Fragmentum 44.</ref>. == De cursu honorum == * Annis incertis [[Quaestor|quaesturam]] et [[praetor|praeturam]] gessit. Circa idem tempus [[pontifex |pontifex maior]] cooptatus est<ref>''Epistulae'' I.49, 51 ;II.53 ; IX.147-8.</ref> nec aliud sacerdotium umquam suscepit, quamvis studiosus paganismi defensor<ref>CIL VI, 1699, stela a filio erecta quae cursum honorum Symmachi nobis servavit.</ref>. * 364-5 tum cum pater [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus urbi]] erat ipse corrector [[Lucania|Lucaniae]] et [[Bruttium|Brittiorum]] fit<ref>Cf ''Epistulae'' II.48.</ref>. Tum vetustissimas epistulas scribit quas quidem adhuc habeamus. * anno 369 [[Panegyricus|panegyricos]] [[Valentinianus I|Valentiniani I]] et [[Gratianus|Gratiani]] coram principibus pronuntiat<ref>''Orationes'' I-III.</ref>. In Gallia apud Valentinianum usque ad annum 370 mansit ubi [[Decimus Magnus Ausonius|Ausonium]] cognovit cuius amicitiam coluit<ref>''Epistulae'' I.14 et 32.</ref>. Mox [[comes]] tertii ordinis renuntiatur. * 373-4 [[Fasti proconsulum Africae|proconsul Africae]] fit, officium honorificum sine vera potentia<ref>CIL VIII, 24584 et 5347 inscriptiones in [[Africa (provincia Romana)|Africa]] repertae. Cf ''Epistulae'' VIII.5 et 20. X.1.2-3.</ref>. * anno 376 Gratiani nuntium de morte [[Flavius Maximinus|Maximini]] in senatu recitat<ref>''Epistulae'' I.13 et X.2</ref>. Die 9 Ianuarii orationem ''Pro Trygetio'' in senatu habuit gratias agens quod patrem plebe seditiosa expulsum honorifice revocassent<ref>''Oratio'' V. Cf ''Epistulae'' I.44</ref>. * 377-8 Aegrotavit<ref>''Epistulae'' I.20 et 85. III.47.</ref> * anno 382 legatus senatorum ad Gratianum missus [[Ara Victoriae|aram Victoriae]] in [[Curia Hostilia|curia]] restituendam poscere volebat sed aditu principis prohibitus est<ref>''Relatio'' 3.1. Ambrosius, ''Epistulae'' 17.10</ref> * anno 384 [[Valentinianus II|Valentiniano II]] cum matre [[Iustina]] imperante [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus Urbi]] ''sub aestatis exordio''<ref>''Relatio'' 25.3</ref> fit. Tum iterum arae Victoriae restitutionem petiit<ref>''Relatio'' tertia.</ref> sed ab [[Ambrosius|Ambrosio]] episcopo victus est. Praeterea annonae angustiae eum ad magistratum deponendum incitaverunt (februario 385)<ref>Eventa huius praefecturae ab ipsius ''relationibus'' nota sunt. Vide etiam ''Epistulas'' II.36 et 55, III.28.</ref>. In praefectura [[Augustinus Hipponensis|Augustinum]] magistrum rhetoricae nominavit<ref>''[[Confessiones (Augustinus)|Confessiones]]'' V.13.</ref>. * anno 387 partes usurpatoris [[Magnus Maximus|Magni Maximi]] oratione quidem non armis<ref>[[Gennadius Scholasticus|Gennadius]], ''De Viris illustribus'' 49.</ref> sequitur quo mox a Theodosio victo veniam quidem impetrat (et Theodosio in oratione hodie deperdita gratias agebat<ref>''Epistulae'' II.13, 28, 30-32.</ref>) sed eius dignitas aliquantum imminuta est<ref>[[Libanius]], ''Epistulae'' 1008</ref>. Revera [[Novatianus|Novatianorum]] intercessio episcopi ei saluti fuerat. * iamdiu orator disertissimus velut praeco senatorum erat et anno incerto [[princeps senatus]] publice nominatur<ref>[[Socrates Scholasticus]] V.14.6.</ref> * anno 390 cum Theodosio in gratiam redit et ad [[consul|consulatum ordinarium]] anni proximi designatur<ref>[[Prudentius]], ''[[Contra Symmachum]]'' I.622-5. Cf ''Epistulae'' II.62-4. V.15. IX.149. </ref> * anno 391 gratiarum actionem in aula Mediolani habet sed quia aram Victoriae memoravit a Theodosio ex urbe expellitur. * annis 392-4 ab [[Eugenius|Eugenii]] [[Arbogastes|Arbogastis]]que usurpatione ipse abstinet sed filius quaestor, gener praefectus Urbi sunt et amicus Virius Nicomachus Flavius post cladem sibi mortem voluntariam conscivit. * Usque ad annum 398 in umbra remanet. 396/7 aegrotavit<ref>''Epistulae'' III.38-39, V.58 etc.</ref>, anno 398 plebe irata expulsus est ac postea revocatus<ref>''Epistulae'' VI.66, VIII.64-5, IX.81.</ref>. Ab illo anno cursui honorum Memmi filii (sc. praeturae) operam dat<ref>''Ep''. IV.7, 8, 12, 58, 59, 60, 63 etc. </ref> et usque ad mortem [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichoni]] tum in Occidente dominanti satis propinquus est<ref>''Epistulae'' IV.1-14.</ref>. In summa munera honorifica multa absolvit, vix tamen umquam in aula apud principes vitam egit. Plerumque Romae aut in villis tempus litteris terebat. Itaque ad res magnas decidendas momentum non habuit eo magis quod a re militari alienissimus fuit: ipse se hominem pacis et otii dicebat. Ita cursum honorum patri simillimum peregit. == De homine litterato == E litteris igitur et facultate dicendi pleramque auctoritatem suam ducebat. In litteris ut in republica aut religione [[mos maiorum|morem maiorum]] imprimis venerabatur. Ita [[Vergilius|Vergilium]], [[Cicero|Ciceronem]], [[Titus Maccius Plautus|Plautum]], [[Publius Terentius Afer|Terentium]], [[Horatius|Horatium]] imprimis amat quorum sententiarum saepe in ''Epistulis'' meminit<ref>Alessio Ruta, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/27316497 Forme e funzioni delle citazioni virgiliane nell’epistolario di Simmaco]”, ''Museum Helveticum'', 2023: 306-317. P.Tchernajew, ''Terentiana II: Apulée, Ausone, et Symmaque comme imitateurs de Térence'', Kazan, 1900 </ref>. Amplam bibliothecam sibi pararat: novimus enim apud Symmachum fuisse Titum Livium integrum quem emendare coeperat<ref>''Epistulae'' IX.13.</ref>, necnon [[Plinius Maior|Plinium Maiorem]] aut ''[[Commentarii de Bello Gallico|Commentarios de Bello Gallico]]''. Ita quodam modo 'litteras classicas' iam invenerat quas spreta lingua suae aetatis colebat<ref>De Symmachi studiis vide G. Kroll(1891).</ref> et litteras amatas ut posteris traderentur curabat. Librarii enim apud Symmachos textus duplicabant. Adulescentes suae aetatis quoque ad rhetoricam studendam hortabatur<ref>[[Libanius]], ''Epistula'' 1004.</ref> et filio instituendo ipse operam dedit<ref>''Ep''. V.5 et VI.61</ref> Nonnulli historici moderni notionem 'circuli Symmachi'<ref>Nicolas Cavuoto-Denis, “[https://shs.cairn.info/revue-de-philologie-litterature-et-histoire-anciennes-2022-1-page-77?lang=frb La transmission des savoirs dans le « cercle de Symmaque ». L’activité éditoriale comme marqueur social]”, ''Revue de philologie, de littérature et d'histoire anciennes'', 2022: 77-98</ref> introduxerunt ad homines designandos qui convivarum Macrobii modo ad litteras antiquas paganas servandas nitebantur et quibus lauta manuscripta ut [[Vergilius Vaticanus|Vergilium Vaticanum]] tribuunt. Quod propositum etiam apud posteros Christianos factos illarum familiarum viguise existimant. Alii historici de tali circulo et eius actione dubitant<ref>A. Cameron (2011) pp.353-398: “The Real Circle of Symmachus”.</ref>. In ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalibus]]''<ref>I.24.8.</ref> Symmachus Vergilium non tantum litterarum sed etiam [[Theologia|theologiae]] et [[ritus|rituum]] magistrum esse contendebat. Non minus enim a novitatibus orientalibus in [[Polytheismus|polytheismum]] nuper introductis abhorrebat quam a Christianismo. Vetus Romanus volebat esse. == De operibus == Tria genera operum reliquit Symmachus, epistulas, relationes, orationes: * '''orationes''' octo ab ipso circa [[376]] (ut videtur) publicatae sunt quae ad patrem, Valentinianos principes et alios homines nobiles pertinent. Anno [[1815]] in [[Palimpsestus|palimpsesto]] ab [[Angelus Mai|Angelo Maio]] inventae sunt<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/qaureliisummach00symmgoog/page/n8/mode/2up Q. Avrelii Svmmachi V. C. Octo Orationum Ineditarum Partes]'' invenit notisque declaravit Angelvs Maivs ... Accedunt Additamenta Quaedam, Francofurti ad Moenum, in libraria Hermanniana, 1816</ref> , antea a septimo saeculo deperditae atque etiamnunc fragmentatae. Nonnullae aliae orationes quas antiquitus publicatas per epistulas scimus non exstant: inter alia panegyrici Maximi et Theodosii (bis 388 et 391) necnon oratiuncula contra Polybii filium et altera de [[censura]] non restituenda<ref>Epistulae IV.29 et 45, V.9, VII.58. Cf Otto Seeck pp.VI-VII.</ref> * '''relationes''' 49 statim post praefecturam circa [[385]] edidit<ref>Domenico Vera, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/41530470 Sulle edizioni antiche delle Relationes di Simmaco]”, ''Latomus'', 1977: 1003-1036 </ref> inter quas celeberrima tertia relatio de ara Victoriae versatur. Illae relationes illius actionem in magistratu gerendo recensent. * '''epistulae''' plus quam nongentae in decem libros digestae magnum opus eius faciunt. Liber primus paulo post 385 in lumen prodisse vulgo creditur (epistulas ad patrem et fratrem continet necnon ad poetam [[Ausonius|Ausonium]] filiumque eius Hesperium et ad amicum [[Vettius Agorius Praetextatus|Praetextatum]], fratrem in paganismo). Cetera post mortem auctoris sed ante annum 409<ref>Quia epistulae ad [[Priscus Attalus|Priscum Attalum]] non suppressae sunt.</ref> a filio Memmio edita putantur. In septem primis libris epistulae per personas quibus missae sunt disponuntur sine ulla [[Chronologia|chronologica]] aut [[Thema (litterae)|thematica]] ordinatione. In octavo et nono sine ordine miscentur epistulae (pars maxima decimi deperdita est), ne personae quidem quibus mittuntur semper indicantur. Unde eruditi coniecerunt auctorem editionem usque ad septimum librum praeparasse, postea filium solum relictum ut potuit reliqua edidisse<ref>S. Roda, “Alcune ipotesi sulla prima edizione dell'epistolario di Simmaco”, ''La Parola des Passato'', 1979: 31-54.</ref>. Certe Nicomachi non parvam partem epistularum recipiunt: liber secundus totus [[Virius Nicomachus Flavianus|Virio Nicomacho Flaviano]] dicatur, sextum librum ceteri inter se Nicomachi partiuntur. Lectorem modernum in illis epistulis paupertas [[thema|thematum]] offendit: etenim de rebus publicis aut religiosis scribendi tum libertas nulla erat et delatores speculabantur. Etiam retrorsus censura agebat: ita Memmius epistulas ad [[Usurpatio|usurpatores]] [[Magnus Maximus|Maximum]], [[Eugenius (imperator)|Eugenium]], [[Arbogastes|Arbogastem]] suppressit. Nuntii secreti et periculosi tabellariis maximae fidei mandabantur qui oraliter eos referebant, numquam scribebantur. Brevissimae igitur sunt epistulae Symmachi. Plerumque de mera salutatione et amicitiae professione agebatur aut [[Salus|salutis]] inquisitione et officiorum reciprocitate in epistularum commercio. Saepe simul propinquos et homines bene meritos [[Magistratus|magistratibus]] amicis commendabat<ref>Jennifer V. Ebbeler, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/25598390 Religious Identity and the Politics of Patronage: Symmachus and Augustine]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 2007: 230-242 </ref>. Rarius de [[litteratura|litteris]] aut senatu consulto et annona Urbis aliquid scribebat aut de peregrinationibus in villas suas. Semel et iterum de lite apud iudices<ref>Federico-Alberto Poglio, “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/mefr_0223-5102_2008_num_120_1_10422 Una lite giudiziaria tra Aurelio Simmaco e Petronio Probo : a proposito di Symm., Epp. 2, 28; 30-31 e 3, 4]” in ''Mélanges de l'école française de Rome'', 2008 (120-1): 149-161.</ref>. Omnia cursim sine excursu. Itaque spem lectoris saepe decipit. Ipse tenuis materiae sibi conscius erat: ''Quousque enim'', Nicomacho inquiebat, ''dandae ac reddendae salutationis verba blaterabimus, cum alia stylo materia non suppetat?''.<ref>''Ep''. II.35.</ref> == De genere dicendi et iudiciis == Stilus Symmachi non facile finitur. Duodecimo saeculo [[Alanus ab Insulis]] brevitatem eius evidentem extollens eum 'verbis parcum' sed 'mente profundum' dicebat: <blockquote><poem> Symacus in uerbis parcus sed mente profundus, Prodigus in sensu, uerbis angustus, habundans Mente, sed ore minor, fructu, non fronde beatus, Sensus diuicias uerbi breuitate coartat.<ref>''Anticlaudianus'' III.236-9</ref> </poem></blockquote> Nec dubium quin sententiae breves subiunctionem vitantes alienissimae sunt a [[periodus|periodico]] stilo quem in Ciceronis orationibus legimus sed non minus a sermone familiari quo utebatur magnus orator in epistulis abhorrent. Ipse ''ingenii sui maciem'' causabatur<ref>I.81. Cf ibidem I.14 ad Ausonium: ''Sed ego qui sum paupertini ingenii mei mihi conscius, Laconicae malo studere brevitati, quam multijugis paginis infantiae maciem publicare''.</ref>. Coaevi tamen stilum floridum et pinguem potius laudabant verisimile quia nomina et adiectiva magna densitate spissantur et plenitudinis speciem praebent. Ita [[Macrobius]]: <blockquote> ''Quattuor sunt, inquit Eusebius, genera dicendi: copiosum, in quo Cicero dominatur: breve, in quo Salustius regnat: siccum, quod Frontoni ascribitur: pingue et floridum in quo Plinius Secundus quondam et nunc nullo veterum minor noster Symmachus luxuriatur.''<ref>''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' V.1.7.</ref> </blockquote> [[Rhythmus|Numeris]] sophisticis<ref>Johannes Möller, ''De clausulis a Q. Aurelio Symmacho adhibitis'', Aschendorff, 1912. Louis Havet, ''[https://archive.org/details/laprosemtriqued00havegoog/page/n15/mode/2up La prose métrique de Symmaque et les origines métriques du cursus]'', Lutetiae, Emile Bouillon, 1892</ref> et splendido exquisitoque [[Vocabularium|vocabulario]] nitebat Symmachi [[prosa]] quae summam artem redolebat in variationibus circa exilem materiam innumeris. Amicus Ausonius [[Dithyrambus|dithyrambum]] ei composuit: <blockquote> ''Haud quisquam ita nitet, ut comparatus tibi non sordeat. Quis ita Aesopi venustatem, quis sophisticas Socratis conclusiones, enthymemata Demosthenis, aut opulentiam Tullianam, aut proprietatem nostri Maronis accedat?'' <ref>''Ep.'' V.32 ab Ausonio Symmacho missa et in epistolarium eius introducta.</ref> </blockquote> Sed et adversarii “Romani decus eloquii” attollebant ut poeta Christianus Prudentius qui eum supra Ciceronem ponebat<ref>''Contra Symmachum'' I.632-5.</ref> atque eo magis eum pigebat quod pereuntes deos et sordidos defendere mallet. In electione verborum archaismos apud Plautum aut Terentium inventos saepe adfectat, ut e.g. ''fors fuat an'' in classici 'forsitan' loco. Poeticas locutiones quoque non contemnit. Modernus rursus videtur cum nomina [[Abstractio|abstracta]] e verbis ducta multiplicat aut etiam [[Neologismus|neologismos]] procudit<ref>E. Schulze (1884).</ref>. == De primis editionibus== * [[Editio princeps]] a Bartolomeo Cynischo curata anno [[1503]] [[Venetiae|Venetiis]] in lucem prodiit e [[Manuscriptum|manuscripto]] qui defloratiunculam tantummodo continebat. Rarissimus est hodie hic liber<ref>James E. Dunlap, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/265035 The Earliest Editions of the Letters of Symmachus]”, ''Classical Philology'', 1937: 329-340.</ref> . * 1510/1 quattuor reeditiones [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] apud Iohannem Grunigerum<ref>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=V41TNWAo4fMC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Symmachi Cons. Ro. Epistolae Familiares...]</ref>, Ioannem Schottum<ref>[https://sammlungen.ulb.uni-muenster.de/hd/content/titleinfo/794134?lang=de]</ref>, Iohannem Knoblouchum<ref>[https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10981912?page=4,5]</ref>, H. Baldingum sese invicem imitantes. * [[1549]] editio [[Basilea|Basilensis]] [[Sigismundus Gelenius|Sigismundi Gelenii]] 49 relationes prima addidit<ref> ''Epistolarum Symmachi libri duo D. Ambrosii epistolae in Symmachum II...'', Basileae, Froben, 1549</ref> * anno [[1580]] [[Franciscus Iuretus]] e novo manuscripto [[Divio|Divione]] in abbatia sancti Benigni servato primus decem libros epistolarum integros publicat<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_GXOsKR2l-NcC/page/n3/mode/2up Q. Aurelii Symmachi, ... epistolarum ad diuersos libri decem. Ex Bibliotheca coenobij S. Benigni Diuionensis magna parte in integrum restituti. Cura & studio Francisci Iureti, cuius etiam notae adiectae sunt]'', Parisiis, apud Nicolaum Chesneau, 1580.</ref>. Alios manuscriptos quoque recensere et comparare potuit. * anno [[1608]] [[Gasparus Scioppius]] ad novam editionem [[Moguntiacum|Moguntiaci]] editam<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_ru86H_ixgUYC/page/n1/mode/2up Symmachi Epistolarum noua editio. Gasp. Scioppius recensuit]'', Moguntiaci, 1608</ref> ignotos adhuc manuscriptos et deflorationes adhibuit e quibus nonnulli hodie non iam supersunt<ref>JP Callu (2006).</ref>. Certe eius editionem optimam mansisse usque ad Ottonem Seeck iudicabat JP Callu<ref>[[Collection des Universités de France|Collection des Unibersités de France]] t.I p.32.</ref>. == Notae == <references/> == Fontes == * [[Corpus inscriptionum Latinarum|CIL]] [https://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/edh/foto/F010361 VI, 1699] ; {{CIL|8|24584}} ; {{CIL|8|5347}} * [[Ambrosius]], ''Epistulae'' XVII et XVIII * [[Libanius]], ''Epistula'' 1004. * [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' * [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]], ''[[Contra Symmachum]]'' == Editiones criticae et commentarii == * Otto Seeck, ''[https://archive.org/details/qaureliisymmach00seecgoog/page/n8/mode/2up Q. Aurelii Symmachi quae supersunt]'' ([[Monumenta Germaniae historica|Monumenta Germaniae Historica]]), Berolini, 1893 [[Fasciculus:Base statua di Quinto Aurelio Simmaco - Musei Capitolini.jpg|thumb|CIL VI, 1699 = basis statuae a filio Memmio patri in [[Mons Caelius|monte Caelio]] erectae ubi eorum domus erat: cursum honorum brevem legere licet.]] * [[Collection des Universités de France]]: J.P. Callu, ''Symmaque. Correspondance.'' Les Belles Lettres, 1972-2002 (quattuor tomi) [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1973_num_42_1_1704_t1_0288_0000_5 Recensio critica] ** ''Symmaque. Discours. Rapports'', ibidem, 2009 (tomus V operum) [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2013_num_82_1_3841_t17_0359_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Giovanni Alberto Cecconi, ''Commento storico al libro II dell'Epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco : con introduzione, testo, traduzione e indici'', Pisae, 2002 [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2003/2003.11.17 Recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2004_num_73_1_2554_t1_0408_0000_2 Altera recensio critica] [https://www.academia.edu/84769725/Giovanni_Alberto_Cecconi_Commento_storico_al_libro_II_dellepistolario_di_Q_Aurelio_Simmaco_Con_introduzione_testo_traduzione_e_indici Tertia recensio critica] * Maria Lubello, ''[https://flore.unifi.it/retrieve/5f4d48db-5049-487b-ac42-4092ba20a52a/Lubello_Maria_Commento_storico_libri_VII-VIII_2024.pdf Commento storico ai libri VII e VIII dell’epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco. Introduzione, testo, traduzione, commento storico]'', Florentiae, 2024 [https://flore.unifi.it/handle/2158/1374992 Dissertatio academica] * Arnaldo Marcone, ''Commento storico al libro IV dell'epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco: introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione, indici'', Pisae, 1987 ** Commento storico al libro VI dell' epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco: Introd., commento storico, teste, traduzione, indici, Pisae, 1983 * Andrea Pellizzari, ''Commento storico al libro III dell epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco. Introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione, indici'', Pisae, 1983. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2003_num_72_1_2530_t1_0416_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Paola Rivolta Tiberga, ''Commento storico al libro V dell'epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco : introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione, indici'', Pisae, 1982 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1996_num_65_1_1262_t1_0346_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Sergio Roda, ''Commento storico al libro IX dell' epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco : introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione e indici'', Pisae, 1981 * Domenico Vera, ''Commento storico alle “relationes” di Quinto Aurelio Simmaco: introduzione, commento, testo, traduzione, appendice sul libro X, 1-2, indici'', Pisae, 1981 == Plura legere si cupis == * Marco Bertolini, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/24182889 Sull' attegiamento religioso di Q. A. Simmaco]”, ''Studi Classici e Orientali'', 1987: 189-208 * Philippe Bruggisser, ''Symmaque ou le rituel épistolaire de l'amitié littéraire. Recherches sur le premier livre de la correspondance'', Fribourg, 1993 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1995_num_64_1_1237_t1_0337_0000_2 Recensio critica] ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/24816439 Gloria noui saeculi: Symmaque et le siècle de Gratien (Epist. 1, 13)]”, ''Museum Helveticum'', 1987: 134-149 ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44079105 Libanios, Symmaque et son père Avianus: Culture littéraire dans les cercles païens tardifs]”, ''Ancient Society'', 1990: 17-31 * JP Callu, “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11709 En marge des vieux livres : les manuscrits perdus de Symmaque]”, ''Revue d’histoire des textes'', 1976: 197-217 * Alan Cameron, ''The Last Pagans of Rome'', Oxford University Press, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=AIQ8DwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.academia.edu/117724893/The_Last_Pagans_of_Rome_By_Alan_Cameron Recensio critica] [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2011/2011.12.35 Altera recensio critica] * Nicolas Cavuoto-Denis, ''Vsus scribendi : le projet littéraire de Symmaque dans les Lettres, les Discours et les Rapports'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2023 [https://www.academia.edu/71771621/Vsus_scribendi_le_projet_litt%C3%A9raire_de_Symmaque_dans_les_Lettres_les_Discours_et_les_Rapports Summarium] * Octavius Clason, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=QywUAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false De Symmachi epistularum codice Parisino]'', Bonnae, [1867] '''LATINE''' * Gerd Haverling, ''Studies on Symmachus' Language and Style'', [[Gothoburgum|Gothoburgi]], 1988 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1990_num_59_1_2300_t1_0385_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]”, ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 * Bettina Hecht, ''Störungen der Rechtslage in den Relationen des Symmachus : Verwaltung und Rechtsprechung in Rom 384/385 n. Chr'', Berolini, 2006 [https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.7767/zrgra.2008.125.1.775/html Recensio critica] * C. Hermann,“[https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/RTO5IXPCZRH6TI34MRUXMKLIHBPSGMLS Die Ausgaben des Symmachus]”, in ''Festschrift zu dem funfzigjährigen Jubiläum der Königstädtischen Realschule zu Berlin'', 1882: 293-320 * A.H.M. Jones; J. R. Martindale; J. Morris. ''The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire'', Cambridge, 1971, t.I: [https://archive.org/details/plre-01-260-395/PLRE01_260-395/page/864/mode/2up 865-871] * Gavin Kelly, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/26322501 Pliny and Symmachus]”, ''Arethusa'', 2013: 261-287 * R. Klein, Symmachus, ''Eine tragische Gestalt des ausgehenden Heidentums'', [[Darmstadium|Darmstadii]], 1971 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_1972_num_74_1_3927_t1_0322_0000_1 Recensio critica] * Otto Koren, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=4akiGJ2DkE8C&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Quaestiones Symmachianae]'', Vindobonae, 1874 '''LATINE''' * Guilelmus Kroll, ''[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015024459482&seq=5 De Q. Aurelii Symmachi studiis graecis et latinis]'', Vratislaviae, 1891 '''LATINE''' * Federico Lizzani, ''Il patrimonio di Q. Aurelius Symmachus a Roma e nel Lazio : una restituzione archeologica dall'epistolario'', Romae, “L'Erma” di Bretschneider, 2024 ISBN 978-88-913-3294-3 * J. F. Matthews, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/299176 Symmachus and the Oriental Cults]”, ''The Journal of Roman Studies'', 1973: 175-195 ** "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4435183 Symmachus and the "Magister Militum" Theodosius]", ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1971: 122-128 * John Alexander McGeachy, ''Quintus Aurelius Symmachus and the Senatorial Aristocracy of the West'', University of Chicago, 1942 * Jill Mitchell, ''[https://www.academia.edu/118514477/The_Religious_world_of_Quintus_Aurelius_Symmachus The Religious World of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus]'', Trivent Publishing, 2021 * Eugenius Morin, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=6c9gM4kqQkIC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Disquisitio chronologica de dimidia altera quarti saeculi parte juxta Symmachum]'', Parisiis, excudebat Panckoucke, 1847 '''LATINE''' * F. Paschoud (curator), ''Colloque genevois sur Symmaque : à l'occasion du mille six centième anniversaire du conflit de l'autel de la Victoire'', [1984], Les Belles lettres, 1986 ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4434878 Reflexions sur l'idéal religieux de Symmaque]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1965: 215-235 * S. Roda, “Simmaco nel gioco politico del suo tempo”, ''Studia et Documenta Historiae et Iuris'', 1973: 53-114 * Michele Renee Salzman, “[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4436821 Symmachus and the ‘Barbarian’ Generals]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 2006: 352-367 ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4436116 Reflections on Symmachus' Idea of Tradition]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1989: 348-364 ** “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2010_act_428_1_9861 Symmachus’ ideal of secular friendship]”, in ''Les frontières du profane dans l’Antiquité tardive'', 2010:247-272 * Ernestus Theodorus Schulze, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=hIhHAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false De Q. Aurelii Symmachi vocabulorum formationibus ad sermonem vulgarem pertinentibus]'', Halis Saxonum, 1884 '''LATINE''' * Ramón Teja, ''La más antigua polémica sobre la tolerancia religiosa: el debate entre San Ambrosio de Milán y el senador Símaco sobre el Altar de la Victoria'', Matriti, 2023 ISBN 978-84-19782-23-6 * Cristiana Sogno, ''Q. Aurelius Symmachus : a political biography'', University of Michigan Press, 2006 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=N3qFtZRLuXgC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] * L. M. A. Viola, ''Quinto Aurelio Simmaco : lo splendore della romanitas : la perfezione dell'uomo religioso romano-italiano e la costituzione della civiltà universale della pace'', Forii, Victrix, 2010 [https://bibcatalogo.uca.es/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=870445&shelfbrowse_itemnumber=2642939] {{NexInt}} * [[Controversia de ara Victoriae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quintum Aurelium Symmachum}} {{Vicifons|Libri Decem Epistolarum|Libros decem epistolarum}} * [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~Harsch/Chronologia/Lspost04/Symmachus/sym_re03.html Tertia Relatio Symmachi] * {{BBKL|s/s4/symmachus_a|auctor=Wolfgang Kuhoff|commentatio=SYMMACHUS EUSEBIUS, Q. AURELIUS|tomus=11|columnae=363-366}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090814190634/http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/sym-amb/ambrepf.html Ambrosius, Epistulae xvii et xviii] {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Valentinianus II|Imp. Caesar Flavius Valentinianus Augustus]] IV et [[Flavius Neoterius]]| annus= 391<br />cum<br />[[Flavius Eutolmius Tatianus|Flavio Eutolmio Tatiano]]| successores=[[Arcadius|Imp. Caesar Flavius Arcadius Augustus]] II et [[Flavius Rufinus]]}} {{Anni vitae|saeculo 4|402|Aurelius Symmachus, Quintus}} [[Categoria:Auctores Latini antiqui]] [[Categoria:Praefecti urbi Romae antiqui]] [[Categoria:Gens Symmachia]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Imperii Romani]] [[Categoria:Gens Aurelia]] a75vpzuxxhlx9qsy6jqfvlyc9gndnsg 10 41453 3982963 2617248 2026-08-21T19:55:39Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta-capsa]] ad [[Formula:Capsa portae Vicipaedianae]]: Nomen plenum 2617248 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><div style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-radius:10px; border:1px solid {{{bordercolor|}}}; background-color:#f9f9f9; padding:0.1em 0.1em 0.1em 0.1em; margin:0.5em 0em 0em 0em;"><div style="position:relative; text-align:left; margin-bottom:0px; border-bottom:none; {{#if:{{{titulus|}}}|border-radius:10px 10px 0 0; border:0px solid #f9f9f9; background-color:{{{titlebackground|}}}; padding:0.2em 1em 0.2em .5em; font-weight:bold; font-size:110%;}}">{{#if:{{{link|}}}|<span class="plainlinks" style="position:absolute; top:1px; right:1px; background:transparent; border:0px; margin-bottom:.1em; font-size:70%; font-weight:normal; color:{{{titleforeground|}}};">[<nowiki></nowiki>[{{fullurl:{{{link}}}|action=edit}} recensere]<nowiki></nowiki>]</span>}}{{#if:{{{titulus|}}}|<h3 style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-radius:10px 10px 0 0; border:none; margin:0; padding:0; color:{{{titleforeground|}}};{{{titlestyling|}}}">{{{titulus}}}</h3>}}</div> <div style="padding:0.6em 0.6em 0.6em 0.6em; border-radius:0 0 10px 10px; background-color:{{{boxbackground|}}};"> {{#if:{{{link|}}}|{{:{{{link}}}}}|{{{inline}}}}}<div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div></includeonly><noinclude> == de usu huius formulae == === Parametra === ; titulus : titulus capsae ; link : pagina includenda media in capsa ; inline : textus includendus media in capsa (nisi '''link''' datur) ; titleforeground : ; titlebackground : ; titlestyling : ; boxbackground : ; bordercolor : === Exempla === <nowiki>{{Porta-capsa |link=Vicipaedia:Pagina prima/Scin tu |boxbackground=#ffffff |bordercolor=#cccccc}}</nowiki> {{Porta-capsa |link=Vicipaedia:Pagina prima/Scin tu |boxbackground=#ffffff |bordercolor=#cccccc}} <nowiki>{{Porta-capsa |titulus=Scin tu? |link=Vicipaedia:Pagina prima/Scin tu |titleforeground=#000000 |titlebackground=#cccccc |titlestyling=font-variant:small-caps; |boxbackground=#ffffff |bordercolor=#cccccc}}</nowiki> {{Porta-capsa |titulus=Scin tu? |link=Vicipaedia:Pagina prima/Scin tu |titleforeground=#000000 |titlebackground=#cccccc |titlestyling=font-variant:small-caps; |boxbackground=#ffffff |bordercolor=#cccccc}} [[Categoria:Formulae]] </noinclude> kwue3p35c9phr9vv4x1hyfai14o7ij9 3982965 3982963 2026-08-21T20:02:04Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem ad seorsam paginam transtuli 3982965 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly><div style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-radius:10px; border:1px solid {{{bordercolor|}}}; background-color:#f9f9f9; padding:0.1em 0.1em 0.1em 0.1em; margin:0.5em 0em 0em 0em;"><div style="position:relative; text-align:left; margin-bottom:0px; border-bottom:none; {{#if:{{{titulus|}}}|border-radius:10px 10px 0 0; border:0px solid #f9f9f9; background-color:{{{titlebackground|}}}; padding:0.2em 1em 0.2em .5em; font-weight:bold; font-size:110%;}}">{{#if:{{{link|}}}|<span class="plainlinks" style="position:absolute; top:1px; right:1px; background:transparent; border:0px; margin-bottom:.1em; font-size:70%; font-weight:normal; color:{{{titleforeground|}}};">[<nowiki></nowiki>[{{fullurl:{{{link}}}|action=edit}} recensere]<nowiki></nowiki>]</span>}}{{#if:{{{titulus|}}}|<h3 style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-radius:10px 10px 0 0; border:none; margin:0; padding:0; color:{{{titleforeground|}}};{{{titlestyling|}}}">{{{titulus}}}</h3>}}</div> <div style="padding:0.6em 0.6em 0.6em 0.6em; border-radius:0 0 10px 10px; background-color:{{{boxbackground|}}};"> {{#if:{{{link|}}}|{{:{{{link}}}}}|{{{inline}}}}}<div style="clear:both;"></div></div> </div></includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> qvihw6awh7dftpi6bpk9t70z4wtsg47 10 41458 3982913 411545 2026-08-21T17:58:10Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 411545 wikitext text/x-wiki Vide etiam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 1]] (simplicius). == de usu == <nowiki>{{</nowiki>Porta |titulus=Porta Finniae |categoriaprincipalis=Finnia |imagoselecta=Flag of Finland.svg |descriptioimaginisselectae=Hoc est [[vexillum Finniae]]. |titleforeground=#FFFFFF |titlebackground=#003580 |titlestyling=font-variant:small-caps; |boxbackground=#FFFFFF |bordercolor=#003580 <nowiki>}}</nowiki> == paginae == {{Special:Prefixindex/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} == exemplum == {{Porta |titulus=Porta Finniae |categoriaprincipalis=Finnia |imagoselecta=Flag of Finland.svg |descriptioimaginisselectae=Hoc est [[vexillum Finniae]]. |titleforeground=#FFFFFF |titlebackground=#003580 |titlestyling=font-variant:small-caps; |boxbackground=#FFFFFF |bordercolor=#003580 }} nq772ug76zxcxic7dzs6dt4s9un4k03 3982933 3982913 2026-08-21T18:06:05Z Grufo 64423 Paginam redintegravi 3982933 wikitext text/x-wiki Vide etiam [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 1]] (simplicius). == De usu == <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Finniae | categoriaprincipalis = Finnia | imagoselecta = Flag of Finland.svg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Hoc est [[vexillum Finniae]]. | titleforeground = #ffffff | titlebackground = #003580 | titlestyling = font-variant: small-caps; | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #003580 }}</syntaxhighlight> == Subpaginae == {{Special:Prefixindex/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} == Effectus == {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Finniae | categoriaprincipalis = Finnia | imagoselecta = Flag of Finland.svg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Hoc est [[vexillum Finniae]]. | titleforeground = #ffffff | titlebackground = #003580 | titlestyling = font-variant: small-caps; | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #003580 }} a6s2mx6qefnqmlu917xscrc1yj8d0lp 10 41460 3982912 410227 2026-08-21T17:57:54Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 1]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 1]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410227 wikitext text/x-wiki Vide etiam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2]] (melius). == de usu == <nowiki>{{</nowiki>Porta |titulus=Porta experimentalis <nowiki>}}</nowiki> == paginae == {{Special:Prefixindex/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} == exemplum == {{Porta |titulus=Porta experimentalis }} hp6zjrins1t8kmhcbtfye9f1wnbo60q 3982931 3982912 2026-08-21T18:04:09Z Grufo 64423 Paginam redintegravi 3982931 wikitext text/x-wiki Vide etiam [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2]] (melius). == De usu == <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta experimentalis }}</syntaxhighlight> == Paginae == {{Special:Prefixindex/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} == Exemplum == {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta experimentalis }} kb5q0jg5crbnwpvpc5a3yht8pyn8fut 3982934 3982931 2026-08-21T18:06:20Z Grufo 64423 3982934 wikitext text/x-wiki Vide etiam [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2]] (melius). == De usu == <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta experimentalis }}</syntaxhighlight> == Subpaginae == {{Special:Prefixindex/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} == Exemplum == {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta experimentalis }} ixvdn9e104xmutbvs9zjr3w2ksglqye 10 41461 3982915 410196 2026-08-21T17:58:10Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/caput]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/caput]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410196 wikitext text/x-wiki Haec est porta exemplaris de [[Finnia]]. 5ab9dle9gasl8uqdl0xh7yxg3zzqif1 10 41462 3982920 410208 2026-08-21T17:58:11Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/introductio]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/introductio]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410208 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Imago:EU location FIN.png|thumb|Situs Finniae]] '''Finnia''' (sive Finlandia; [[Finnice]]: ''Suomi''; [[Suecice]]: ''Finland''; Samice: ''Suopma'') est civitas in [[Scandinavia]], cuius civitates finitimae sunt [[Suecia]], [[Norvegia]] et [[Russia]]. Caput est [[Helsinkium]]. Regnum Sueciae et Imperium Russiae olim erant dominatores Finniae. Dies independentiae Finniae (a [[Russia]]) est [[6 Decembris]] [[1917]]. '''[[Finnia|Finniae Pagina]] (Vicipaediae)''' aidsjhtbcajusdkzm2qduyzl42divgs 10 41463 3982919 410212 2026-08-21T17:58:11Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/commentatioselecta]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/commentatioselecta]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410212 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Imago:Sunset in Kainuu, Finland.jpg|thumb|Solis occasus Caianiae, hiemis]] Caiania ([[Finnice]]: ''[[:fi:Kainuu|Kainuu]]''; [[IPA]]: [ˈkɑi̯nuː], [[Suecice]]: ''[[:sv:Kajaneland|Kajaneland]]'') est regio [[Finnia]]e, provinciae [[Uloa (provincia)|Uloae]]. Habet circiter 84&thinsp;000 incolas, sed numerus eorum semper decrescit quod [[agricultura]] localis non est fructuosa. Regio Caiania erat pars centralis provinciae historicae [[Ostrobothnia (provincia historica)|Ostrobothniae]] et per eam [[Carelia|Careli]] attingere potuerunt [[Sinus Bothnicus|Sinum Bothnicum]]. '''[[Carelia|Paginam videre]]''' g9w9sfukl4ge1s5nyg3qcy0dmssam9o 10 41467 3982918 410233 2026-08-21T17:58:11Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/commentationesprincipales]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/commentationesprincipales]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410233 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[Historia Finniae]]''': [[Primum imperium Finniae]] &middot; [[Secundum imperium Finniae]] &middot; [[Respublica Democratica Finniae]] '''[[Geographia Finniae]]''': [[Lacus Finniae]] '''[[Diaria Finniae]]''': [[Helsinki Times]] &middot; [[The Finnish Herald]] k2jr65x74vmjlc2yv5z27ao4njk7ocl 10 41468 3982923 410234 2026-08-21T17:58:12Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/portaealiae]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/portaealiae]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410234 wikitext text/x-wiki Vide etiam portas alias: [[Porta:Europa]] &middot; [[Porta:Scandinavia]] &middot; [[Porta:Helsinkium]] 2zxctwqrjs9kbebq4n1v9nwnhlj3dx0 10 41469 3982924 410236 2026-08-21T17:58:12Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/scintu]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/scintu]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410236 wikitext text/x-wiki … [[Finnia]]e multum [[nix|nivis]] esse? pqwsq4voogzw4o3vj25a2pt0otkg32q 10 41470 3982917 410238 2026-08-21T17:58:11Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/collaboratio]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/collaboratio]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410238 wikitext text/x-wiki * Nunc creamus multas paginas quae ad lacus Finniae spectant! 5861rap6j589v1yro8s99s58wulnl85 10 41471 3982922 410243 2026-08-21T17:58:12Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/paginaedesideratae]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/paginaedesideratae]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410243 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Alces natalicius]] &middot; [[Festivitas Natalis Helsinkiae]] s9lsn0kwshpb4jfzke01n8o619m8508 10 41472 3982914 418984 2026-08-21T17:58:10Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/adiuvare]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/adiuvare]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 418984 wikitext text/x-wiki * [[Disputatio Portae:Finnia/Paginae et Imagines Mensis Propositae|Propone paginam mensis]] lyu9un808876nbd1fxod165emxtust4 10 41475 3982925 410267 2026-08-21T17:58:12Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/usores]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/usores]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410267 wikitext text/x-wiki * [[Usor:UV|UV]] 22ouepv6gvkrgrfdk20ojjc2u4yctej 10 41477 3982916 410287 2026-08-21T17:58:11Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/categoriae]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/categoriae]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 410287 wikitext text/x-wiki <categorytree>Finnia</categorytree> ooy1bnvasakxqq6o49dxmun2f8hhltm 100 41633 3982944 2419756 2026-08-21T18:56:11Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Germaniae | categoriaprincipalis = Germania | imagoselecta = Philipp Veit 008.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Germaniam pinxit [[Philippus Veit]]. | titleforeground = black | titlebackground = #FFD700 | titlestyling = font-variant:small-caps | boxbackground = #FFFFFF | bordercolor = #FF0000 | tituluscapsa1 = Geographia | tituluscapsa2 = Historia | tituluscapsa3 = Nuntii }} [[Categoria:Porta Germaniae| ]] 8ndvx1kxpqboi4wvxod1nhwbe8rfevs 3982945 3982944 2026-08-21T18:56:30Z Grufo 64423 3982945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Germaniae | categoriaprincipalis = Germania | imagoselecta = Philipp Veit 008.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Germaniam pinxit [[Philippus Veit]]. | titleforeground = black | titlebackground = #ffd700 | titlestyling = font-variant: small-caps | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #ff0000 | tituluscapsa1 = Geographia | tituluscapsa2 = Historia | tituluscapsa3 = Nuntii }} [[Categoria:Porta Germaniae| ]] ou3t1ykza5hahmkpm0lx1k6vevmynpk 14 41653 3982799 2492656 2026-08-21T13:39:16Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982799 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Germania]] [[Categoria:Germania|^]] pokrcsuebw2ode93z3men54b5ecsvi5 14 41654 3982790 3010765 2026-08-21T13:33:03Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Categoria:Portae]] ad [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] sine redirectione: Videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 3010765 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CommuniaCat|Wikipedia portals|Portas}} [[Categoria:Intra Vicipaediam|P]] 3n75svntexhu69feihn6oqmd0jwqnwy 3982824 3982790 2026-08-21T14:09:20Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:Categoria administrativa Vicipaediae|Categoria administrativa Vicipaediae]]}}; +{{[[Formula:De hoc|De hoc]]}} 3982824 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria administrativa Vicipaediae}} {{CommuniaCat|Wikipedia portals|Portas}} {{De hoc|portis Vicipaedianis|aedificia urbana|Categoria:Portae|Categoriam:Portas}} [[Categoria:Intra Vicipaediam|P]] eoprr2al4pboek04jblxwhf9igfy6cz 11 41677 3982910 3267072 2026-08-21T17:57:23Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Disputatio Formulae:Porta]] ad [[Disputatio Formulae:Porta Vicipaediana]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 3267072 wikitext text/x-wiki ==Propositio== Hi! Is it possible to move the ''introductio'' to the top box (which doesn't serve much of a purpose) and to move the ''scin tu?'' to the left column? I think that if we did that, the right and left columns would probably be of a more similar length. Also, can there be a ''Vicimedia'' box at the bottom (like on the pagina prima)? <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 20:02, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC). :# Introductio: If you do not need it/like it, you can just omit it and add your text to the top box. I was trying to make arrangements like on [[:de:Portal:Österreich]] possible, where the top box more or less serves as a heading but does not contain much content. But of course it is not required to use the "introductio" part. :# Moving the "scin tu" to the left column: I'll make that an option in the next few minutes. :# Vicimedia box at the bottom: Good idea, I'll add that in the next few minutes. : --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 21:20, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) ::Thanks as ever! <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 21:30, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC). :::...and is it also possible to have a ''nexus externi'' box (probably on the right?) and to have the ''collaboratio'' as an optional for the left column? Thanks, <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 23:32, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC). :::: Collaboratio in the left column as an option: ok :::: nexus externi: <nowiki>[[MYPORTAL/nexusexterni]]</nowiki> will show up at the very bottom by default but there is an option to move it to the right column. I deliberately did not include it in the "Tu quoque adiuvare potes" box because I do not want to encourage adding weblinks to portals. Of course there might be cases where this is justified, but in general I would prefer encyclopedic articles to weblinks … Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 23:58, 28 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::That's fine with me. I also have an issue with the ''adiuvare'' (It is mentioning a formula and keeping the old advice at [[Porta:Finnia]]) and can we expand the imago selecta, please (I could do it myself but I don't know how big an image is before it can become a problem to a smaller resolution screen in this context). Vale! <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 02:23, 29 Decembris 2007 (UTC). :::::: Thanks for pointing out the adiuvare issue, should be fixed now. Personally, I would advise against enlarging the imago selecta, because the width of the second column depends on the width of the user's browser window. If we would specify a fixed size, then this size would be fixed for all users. If we do not specify a size, however (just say "thumb" without specifying a pixel size), then the size is determined by the user's preferences ([[Special:Preferences]], click on the "Fasciculi" tab) – users with small screens can specify e.&nbsp;g. 120px, users with huge screen resolutions can specify e.&nbsp;g. 300px. That is exactly the reason why I generally think that fixed pixel sizes for images should be given in exceptional cases only. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] 09:38, 29 Decembris 2007 (UTC) :::::::Thanks and I'll remember that for the future (I tend to add a lot of fixed pixel sizes :S). <span style="font-family:'Courier New';">[[Disputatio Usoris:Harrissimo|Harrissimo]]</span> 10:09, 29 Decembris 2007 (UTC). 6ps6544gm5gletjunsdj0sjmkkftvfp 100 41686 3982948 2531187 2026-08-21T18:57:28Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Berolinum | imagoselecta = Quadriga.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Quadriga | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = #c41e3a | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = grey | tituluscapsa1 = Geographia }} [[Categoria:Porta Berolini| ]] kp4mxvlia6ftn174x3qeixhuqregvst 14 41700 3982795 3280754 2026-08-21T13:37:30Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982795 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Berolinum]] [[Categoria:Berolinum|^]] jsufybuwbxxjhunrv7z5516fqssqkb8 10 41709 3982926 412943 2026-08-21T17:58:12Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/vicimedia]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/vicimedia]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 412943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Communia|Suomi, Finland|Finniam}} 0hefisemacb57vj7qlcgmze556023gv 10 41724 3982921 413027 2026-08-21T17:58:11Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/exemplum 2/nexusexterni]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2/nexusexterni]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 413027 wikitext text/x-wiki * [http://www.yleradio1.fi/nuntii/ Nuntii Latini] i31okqpl4enw1x5ckkafrcfre4151o1 100 41961 3982949 2492719 2026-08-21T18:58:32Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta de Hispania | categoriaprincipalis = Hispania | imagoselecta = Mapaespaña4.png | descriptioimaginisselectae = Hispania. | titleforeground = #fbea0e | titlebackground = #d40000 | titlestyling = | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #d40000 | scintuleft = no | collaboratioleft = no | nexusexterniright = no | tituluscapsa1 = Politia Hispaniae | tituluscapsa2 = Historia Hispaniae | tituluscapsa3 = Geographia Hispaniae | tituluscapsa4 = Cultura Hispaniae }} [[Categoria:Porta Hispaniae| ]] q0f479rftub03cw31otbndumk3bv9n7 10 42204 3982807 3665557 2026-08-21T13:47:06Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:Documentatio formulae simplicis|Documentatio formulae simplicis]]}}; +Cat 3982807 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>[[Fasciculus:Flag of Algeria.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Algerii|Vexillum Algerii]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Algerium|Algerii]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Berlin.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Berolini|Vexillum Berolini]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Berolinum|Berolini]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Britanniarum Regni|Vexillum Britanniarum Regni]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Britanniarum Regnum|Britanniarum Regni]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United States.svg|20px|alt=Vexillum Civitatum Foederatarum Americae|Vexillum Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Finland.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Finniae|Vexillum Finniae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Finnia|Finniae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Germaniae|Vexillum Germaniae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Germania|Germaniae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Spain.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Hispaniae|Vexillum Hispaniae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Hispania|Hispaniae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Hungary.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Hungariae|Vexillum Hungariae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Hungaria|Hungariae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mexico.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Mexici|Vexillum Mexici]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Mexicum|Mexici]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Norway.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Norvegiae|Vexillum Norvegiae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Norvegia|Norvegiae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Europe.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Europae|Vexillum Europae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Unio Europaea|Unionis Europaeae]] | [[Fasciculus:Meister von San Vitale in Ravenna.jpg|20px|border|alt=Iustinianus|Iustinianus]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Antiquitas posterior|Antiquitatis posterioris]] | [[Fasciculus:P art-lightblue.png|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Ars|Artis]] | [[Fasciculus:Purple geography icon.svg|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Geographia|Geographiae]] | [[Fasciculus:P history-lightblue.png|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Historia|Historiae]] | [[Fasciculus:P mathematics.svg|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Mathematica|Mathematicae]] | [[Fasciculus:P_transport-lightblue.png|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Technologia|Technologiae]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio formulae simplicis}}[[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|^]][[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude> 7itcd05qg4gak53hjdk9zdswxpqzk5y 3982828 3982807 2026-08-21T14:12:26Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Portae]] ad [[Formula:Portae Vicipaedianae]]: Nomen opportunius 3982807 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>[[Fasciculus:Flag of Algeria.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Algerii|Vexillum Algerii]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Algerium|Algerii]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Berlin.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Berolini|Vexillum Berolini]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Berolinum|Berolini]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Britanniarum Regni|Vexillum Britanniarum Regni]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Britanniarum Regnum|Britanniarum Regni]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United States.svg|20px|alt=Vexillum Civitatum Foederatarum Americae|Vexillum Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Finland.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Finniae|Vexillum Finniae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Finnia|Finniae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Germaniae|Vexillum Germaniae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Germania|Germaniae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Spain.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Hispaniae|Vexillum Hispaniae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Hispania|Hispaniae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Hungary.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Hungariae|Vexillum Hungariae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Hungaria|Hungariae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mexico.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Mexici|Vexillum Mexici]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Mexicum|Mexici]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Norway.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Norvegiae|Vexillum Norvegiae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Norvegia|Norvegiae]] | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Europe.svg|20px|border|alt=Vexillum Europae|Vexillum Europae]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Unio Europaea|Unionis Europaeae]] | [[Fasciculus:Meister von San Vitale in Ravenna.jpg|20px|border|alt=Iustinianus|Iustinianus]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Antiquitas posterior|Antiquitatis posterioris]] | [[Fasciculus:P art-lightblue.png|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Ars|Artis]] | [[Fasciculus:Purple geography icon.svg|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Geographia|Geographiae]] | [[Fasciculus:P history-lightblue.png|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Historia|Historiae]] | [[Fasciculus:P mathematics.svg|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Mathematica|Mathematicae]] | [[Fasciculus:P_transport-lightblue.png|20px]]&nbsp;[[Porta:Technologia|Technologiae]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio formulae simplicis}}[[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|^]][[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude> 7itcd05qg4gak53hjdk9zdswxpqzk5y 100 45022 3982950 3816083 2026-08-21T18:59:58Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982950 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Grate accipiris apud portam collaborationis in Vicipaedia! | categoriaprincipalis = Corrigenda | titleforeground = #ffffff | titlebackground = #666 | titlestyling = font-variant: small-caps; font-family: serif; | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #003580 | scintuleft = yes | collaboratioleft = yes | nexusexterniright = yes | tituluscapsa1 = Paginae Latinitatis pessimae | tituluscapsa2 = Paginae purgandae et "Vicificandae" | tituluscapsa3 = Paginae fontibus carentes | tituluscapsa4 = Collaborationes }} <!--==To include== * [[Vicipaedia:Collaboratio hebdomadalis]] * [[Vicipaedia:Paginae speciales]] * [[Vicipaedia:Cleanup]] * [[Vicipaedia:Dump]], [[Vicipaedia:Dump/20070406]], [[Vicipaedia:Dump/20070419]], [[Vicipaedia:Dump/latest]] * [[Vicipaedia:Pagina desiderata]] * [[Vicipaedia:Paginae Latine reddendae]] (also Rolandus' pages, paginae quae omnes vicipaediae habeant can be merged in together into one list) * [[Vicipaedia:Propaganda]] * [[:Categoria:Contributiones Propositae]] * [[:Categoria:Deletiones propositae]] * [[:Categoria:Imago sine descriptione]] * [[:Categoria:Fontibus carentes]] * [[:Categoria:Nexus carentes]] * [[:Categoria:Paginae movendae]] * [[:Categoria:Paginae vicificandae]] * [[:Categoria:dubcat]] * [[:Categoria:Latinitas dubia (dubsig)]] * [[:Categoria:Fons nominis Latini desideratus]]--> [[Categoria:Bliteum]] es1fkxmv19cc8uc14merzhn93f0z0zb 0 53359 3983115 3908392 2026-08-22T03:01:18Z LilyKitty 18316 de iurisprudentia 3983115 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-2}} [[Fasciculus:Semitic Babylonian contract-tablet.jpg|thumb|Antiquum pactum [[Babylon]]ense.]] '''Pactum'''<ref>Sive ''pactio'' sive ''conventum,'' aut [[Lingua Latina]] recentiore ''contractus.'' Vide ''Vertrag'' in {{Langenscheidt-TWB}}.</ref> est conventio de [[obligatio]]ne, quae fit cum duo [[homo|homines]] inter se consentiant ut alter alteri officium certum praestet. Quod si alter rem obligatam neglegit, multandus est. [[Saeculum 21|Temporibus nostris]] in ultima contractuum parte ad [[negotium|negotia]] pertinentium praescribitur, quomodo agendum sit ad pactionem servandam, si singulas conventiones irritas esse iudicatum sit. Has res in [[clausula salvatoria]], ut iuris periti dicunt, constitui oportet. Secundum sententiam quandam [[brocardus|brocardi]], pacta sunt servanda, id est pactum habet vim [[lex|legis]] eis qui illo pacto obligari consenserint. {{NexInt}} * [[Contractus socialis]] * [[Essentialia negotii]] * [[Ius]] * [[Ius civile]] * [[Iurisprudentia]] * [[Pactio]] * [[Pacta sunt servanda]] * [[Vis maior]] == Nota == <references/> {{ius-stipula}} {{Myrias|Societas}} [[Categoria:Ius]] sg1dhtx59ym0ruzbgkt8yjj9km5v3ds 0 55671 3982840 2755128 2026-08-21T14:33:58Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982840 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' Iosephus Wittig''' (natus die [[22 Ianuarii]] [[1879]] in Neusorge apud [[Słupiec|Schlegel]], in [[Silesia]], mortuus die [[22 Augusti]] [[1949]] [[Gorenthin]]e in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]] fuit scriptor et theologus [[Germania|Germanicus]]. ==Vita== In urbe [[Vratislavia]] gymnasium frequentabat et [[1893]] testimonium maturitatis accepit. Deinde eodem loco theologiae studebat et anno [[1903]] doctor theologiae promotus atque [[presbyter]] factus est. Anno [[1909]] habilitatus et anno [[1911]] etiam Vratislaviae professor historiae ecclesiae nominatus est. Sed ab anno [[1922]] propter scripta sua ab ecclesia catholica et praesertim ab episcopo Vratislaviae [[Adolphus Bertram|Adolpho Bertram]] castigatus est. Anno [[1925]] scripta quaedam eius in [[Index Librorum Prohibitorum|Indice Librorum Prohibitorum]] posita sunt. Anno [[1926]] denique excommunicatus est. In vicum patrium reversus anno [[1927]] uxorem duxit. Anno [[1945]] in ecclesiam iterum acceptus est, sed Silesiam patriam relinquere coactus est, cum haec regio post [[secundum bellum mundanum]] cum [[Polonia]] consociata est. == Nexus externi == {{PND|118634348|nomen=Iosephi Wittig aut de Iosepho Wittig}} * [http://www.joseph-wittig.de/lebenslauf.html Curriculum vitae] * [http://www.joseph-wittig.de/bibliographie-inhalt.html Biographia] {{bio-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Wittig, Iosephus}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Presbyteri catholici]] [[Categoria:Nati 1879]] [[Categoria:Mortui 1949]] [[Categoria:Auctores Theodisci]] solhjt9iv2x42kcbmon3qfitcioq7n6 0 56572 3982818 3706458 2026-08-21T14:00:15Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Portae]] 3982818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} [[Fasciculus:Brandenburger Tor nachts.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Quadriga aënea supra portam Brandenburgensem eminens]] [[Fasciculus:Karte berlin akzisemauer.png|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Muri vectigales (Berolinum)|Muri vectigales]] urbis Berolini, portis duodeviginti muniti, sicut anno fere 1855 stabant depicti. Intra videtur linea murorum vetustissimorum]] [[Fasciculus:2005-10-26 Brandenburger-Tor.JPG|thumb|[[Forum Parisiense (Berolinum)|Forum Parisiense]] et Porta Brandenburgensis]] '''Porta Brandenburgensis''',<ref>"Porta Brandenburgensis": {{Mundt}}.</ref> monumentum [[Berolinum|Berolini]] praecipuum, ad occidentalem urbis vetustioris limitem stat et iuxta occidentalia [[forum Parisinum (Berolinum)|fori Parisiensis]] latera in tribu hodierno [[Media (regio Berolini)|Medio]]. Insuper [[signum]] Germaniae iterum [[restitutio integritatis Germaniae|coniunctae]] dicitur, quae die [[3 Octobris]] [[1990]] accidit. ==Descriptio et historia== Ab [[Hortus Zoologicus (Berolinum)|horto zoologico]] viator ad orientem tendens, Via [[Fridericus Ebert|Ebert]] transita, per portam et trans forum ambulans in magnam viam [[sub Tiliis]] intrabit. Porta Brandenburgensis annis ab [[1788]] ad [[1791]] aedificabatur,<ref>Porta die [[6 Augusti]] anno [[1791]] perfecta est.</ref> [[Carolus Gothardus Langhans|Carolo Gothardo Langhans]] [[architectus|architecto]], iussu [[Fridericus Gulielmus II (rex Borussiae)|Friderici Gulielmi II]] regis [[Borussia|Borussici]], qui eodem tempore decessorem [[Fridericus II (rex Borussiae)|Fridericum II]] commemorare voluit (anno 1786 mortuo) et [[pax|pacem]] celebrare qua post [[Bellum Septem Annorum|Bellum Septennale]] anno [[1763]] homines fruebantur. Porta genere [[neoclassicismus|classico novo]] descripta est ad imitationem [[Propylaea|Propylaeorum]] in [[Acropolis Athenarum|Acropoli Athenarum]]. Viginti sex [[metrum|metris]] alta surgit, 65,5 m lata, 11 m in transitu. Quinque ostia habet, quorum medium latissimum est. Supra omnia [[quadrigae|quadriga]] [[Cuprum|aënea]] eminet, ab [[Ioannes Gottfried Schadow|Iohanne Gottfried Schadow]] [[sculptor]]e delineata. {{NexInt}} * [[Porta:Berolinum]] * [[Restitutio integritatis Germaniae]] ==Nexus externi== {{Commonscat|Brandenburg Gate|Portam Brandenburgensem}} *[https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/searchresults?isThumbnailFiltered=false&query=%22Brandenburger+Tor%22+AND+Berlin data apud DDB] * Barbara Demandt: [http://www.pegasus-onlinezeitschrift.de/erga_1_2004_demandt.html ''Metamorphosen eines Tores.''] Apud: ''Pegasus-Onlinezeitschrift'' IV/1 (2004) *[https://denkmaldatenbank.berlin.de/daobj.php?obj_dok_nr=09065019 in elencho aedificiorum historicorum Berolinensium officiali] ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Berolinum]] [[Categoria:Confecta 1791]] [[Categoria:Monumenta Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Portae urbanae]] [[Categoria:Portae]] ls6gfvgm4rv00bbqpmqvsrd43yusuaq 0 57370 3982819 3951204 2026-08-21T14:00:28Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Portae]] 3982819 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Graacher Tor.JPG|thumb|Porta Graach]] '''Porta Graach''' ([[Lingua Theodisca|Theodisce]]: ''[[:de:Graacher Tor|Graacher Tor]]'') est porta [[urbs|urbis]] [[Tabernae Mosellanicae-Cusa]] prope viam ad vicum [[Graach]]. Hodie porta museum est. Anno 1300 cives portam et moeniam aedificaverunt. In bello anni 1689 milites regis [[Francia]]e [[Ludovicus XIV|Ludovici XIV]] portam Graach deleverunt sed porta saeculo 18 reaedificatur. Porta Graach anno 1714 carcer fuit. Postea in porta homines sine habitatione vixerunt. Ab anno 2002 porta Graach museum est. == Nexus externus == * [http://bwpc08.fh-trier.de:8080/kuDb/servlet/ortObj?aktSchluessel=190&anfrageId=a31848b99239 Kulturdatenbank Region Trier: Bernicastelli-Cusae / Tabernae Mosellanicae-Cusa: Porta de Graach] {{Ling|Theodisce}} [[Categoria:Aedificia Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Rhenania et Palatinatus]] [[Categoria:Portae]] d4cu12jkaqka05qf27wetm734k6b4mn 0 57974 3982811 3973046 2026-08-21T13:57:00Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* R */ 3982811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas}} {{Index}} == A == * [[Gens Abronia]] * [[Gens Aburia]] * [[Gens Accia]] * [[Gens Accoleia]] * [[Gens Acerronia]] * [[Gens Acilia]] * [[Gens Actoria]] * [[Gens Acutia]] * [[Gens Aebutia]] * [[Gens Aelia]] * [[Gens Aemilia]] * [[Gens Afrania]] * [[Gens Albia]] * [[Gens Albinia]] * [[Gens Albucia]] * [[Gens Alfena]] * [[Gens Alfia]] * [[Gens Aliena]] * [[Gens Amafinia]] * [[Gens Ampia]] * [[Gens Ancharia]] * [[Gens Anicia]] * [[Gens Annaea]] * [[Gens Annia]] * [[Gens Antia]] * [[Gens Antistia]] * [[Gens Antonia]] * [[Gens Aponia]] * [[Gens Appia]] * [[Gens Appuleia]] * [[Gens Apronia]] * [[Gens Apustia]] * [[Gens Aquillia]] * [[Gens Aquinia]] * [[Gens Arellia]] * [[Gens Arennia]] * [[Gens Arpineia]] * [[Gens Arria]] * [[Gens Arruntia]] * [[Gens Articuleia]] * [[Gens Asconia]] * [[Gens Asinia]] * [[Gens Ateia]] * [[Gens Aternia]] * [[Gens Atia]] * [[Gens Atilia]] * [[Gens Atinia]] * [[Gens Atria]] * [[Gens Attia]] * [[Gens Aufidia]] * [[Gens Aulia]] * [[Gens Aurelia]] * [[Gens Auria]] * [[Gens Aurunculeia]] * [[Gens Autronia]] * [[Gens Aviena]] * [[Gens Avidia]] * [[Gens Axia]] == B == * [[Gens Baebia]] * [[Gens Balventia]] * [[Gens Bantia]] * [[Gens Barbatia]] * [[Gens Betiliena]] * [[Gens Betucia]] * [[Gens Blossia]] * [[Gens Bruttia]] * [[Gens Bucculeia]] * [[Gens Burriena]] == C == * [[Gens Caecia]] * [[Gens Caecilia]] * [[Gens Caecina]] * [[Gens Caedicia]] * [[Gens Caelia]] * [[Gens Caeparia]] * [[Gens Caepasia]] * [[Gens Caerellia]] * [[Gens Caesennia]] * [[Gens Caesetia]] * [[Gens Caesia]] * [[Gens Caesonia]] * [[Gens Caesulena]] * [[Gens Caetronia]] * [[Gens Calavia]] * [[Gens Calidia]] * [[Gens Calpurnia]] * [[Gens Calvisia]] * [[Gens Cania]] * [[Gens Canidia]] * [[Gens Caninia]] * [[Gens Cantia]] * [[Gens Cantilia]] * [[Gens Canuleia]] * [[Gens Canutia]] * [[Gens Carfulena]] * [[Gens Carisia]] * [[Gens Carpinatia]] * [[Gens Carteia]] * [[Gens Carvilia]] * [[Gens Cassia]] * [[Gens Castricia]] * [[Gens Castrinia]] * [[Gens Catia]] * [[Gens Catiena]] * [[Gens Catilia]] * [[Gens Ceionia]] * [[Gens Centenia]] * [[Gens Cestia]] * [[Gens Cicereia]] * [[Gens Cilnia]] * [[Gens Cincia]] * [[Gens Cispia]] * [[Gens Claudia]] * [[Gens Cloelia]] * [[Gens Cluentia]] * [[Gens Cluvia]] * [[Gens Cocceia]] * [[Gens Cominia]] * [[Gens Consentia]] * [[Gens Considia]] * [[Gens Coponia]] * [[Gens Corfidia]] * [[Gens Cornelia]] * [[Gens Cornificia]] * [[Gens Coruncania]] * [[Gens Cosconia]] * [[Gens Cossinia]] * [[Gens Cossutia]] * [[Gens Cotia]] * [[Gens Crassitia]] * [[Gens Crepereia]] * [[Gens Critonia]] * [[Gens Cupiennia]] * [[Gens Curia]] * [[Gens Curiatia]] * [[Gens Curtia]] * [[Gens Curtilia]] * [[Gens Cuspia]] == D == * [[Gens Decia]] * [[Gens Domitia]] * [[Gens Duilia]] == E == * [[Gens Egnatia]] * [[Gens Erucia]] == F == * [[Gens Fabia]] * [[Gens Fabricia]] * [[Gens Flaminia]] * [[Gens Flavia]] * [[Gens Foslia]] * [[Gens Fufia]] * [[Gens Fulvia]] * [[Gens Fundania]] * [[Gens Furia]] == G == * [[Gens Gegania]] * [[Gens Gellia]] * [[Gens Genucia]] == H == * [[Gens Hateria]] * [[Gens Herminia]] * [[Gens Horatia]] * [[Gens Hortensia]] * [[Gens Hostilia]] == I == * [[Gens Icilia]] * [[Gens Iulia]] * [[Gens Iunia]] * [[Gens Iuventia]] == L == * [[Gens Laelia]] * [[Gens Larcia]] * [[Gens Licinia]] * [[Gens Livia]] * [[Gens Lucretia]] * [[Gens Lutatia]] == M == * [[Gens Mallia]] * [[Gens Manlia]] * [[Gens Marcia]] * [[Gens Memmia]] * [[Gens Menenia]] * [[Gens Minucia]] * [[Gens Mucia]] * [[Gens Munia]] * [[Gens Mummia]] == N == * [[Gens Nautia]] * [[Gens Novia]] == O == * [[Gens Octavia]] == P == * [[Gens Papiria]] * [[Gens Peritia]] * [[Gens Petilia]] * [[Gens Pompeia]] * [[Gens Pomponia]] * [[Gens Popilia]] * [[Gens Porcia]] * [[Gens Postumia]] == Q == * [[Gens Quinctia]] * [[Gens Quinctilia]] == R == * [[Gens Rubelia]] * [[Gens Rubria]], cuius est illa [[Rubria Tertulla]], ortu [[Forum Livii|Foroliviensis]], quam lapis apud [[Mevaniola]]m reperta celeberrimis verbis memorat. * [[Gens Rustia]] * [[Gens Rutinia]] == S == * [[Gens Sallustia]] * [[Gens Scribonia]] * [[Gens Sempronia]] * [[Gens Septimia]] * [[Gens Sepullia]] * [[Gens Servilia]] * [[Gens Sextia]] * [[Gens Sosia]] * [[Gens Sulpicia]] == T == * [[Gens Terentia]] * [[Gens Tullia]] == U == * [[Gens Ulpia]] == V == * [[Gens Valeria]] * [[Gens Verginia]] * [[Gens Vivia]] * [[Gens Vipsania]] * [[Gens Vitellia]] * [[Gens Vulcacia]] == Plura legere si cupis == *Heikki Solin et Olli Salomies, ''Repertorium nominum gentilium et cognominum Latinorum'', [[Hildeshemium]], 1994. "Editio nova addendis corrigendisque augmentata". [https://www.jstor.org/stable/711631 Recensio critica primae editionis 1988] {{Roma antiqua}} [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae|!]] am41xvp22sdo7xd8fjoj2kxxtzw5qr8 0 61256 3982895 2427229 2026-08-21T16:16:24Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3982895 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus''' (nescimus, quando natus mortuusve sit) senator Romanus primo saeculo post Christum natum fuit. Anno [[34]] consul suffectus creatus est, fasces ab [[1 Iulii]] gessit<ref>Ingemar König, Der römische Staat II, Die Kaiserzeit, Stuttgardiae 1997, p. 465</ref>. == Notae == <references/> {{DEFAULTSORT:Rustius Nummius Gallus, Titus}} [[Categoria:Consules]] [[Categoria:Senatores]] [[Categoria:Nati saeculo 1 a.C.n. aut 1]] [[Categoria:Mortui saeculo 1 aut 2]] [[Categoria:Gens Rustia]] c26turso30gfhuhfruskvtaztv136uf 100 63198 3982967 3056462 2026-08-21T20:03:10Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Mexici | categoriaprincipalis = Mexicum | imagoselecta = Chapito.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Chapito, vates, cavernas montium indicat | titleforeground = #ffffff | titlebackground = #003300 | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #111111 }} [[Categoria:Porta Mexici| ]] f2uz94wqgh4j4r27051v704piytqcz9 10 67517 3982823 3954896 2026-08-21T14:05:43Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3982823 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Vitta navigationis | 1 = {{#if:{{{1|}}}|Haec pagina de {{{1}}} narrat. S|S}}i {{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|aliud}} quaeris, vide {{#if:{{{4|}}} | [[:{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{3}}}|{{FULLPAGENAME}} (discretiva)}}|{{{4}}}]] | [[:{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{3}}}|{{FULLPAGENAME}} (discretiva)}}]] }}{{#if:{{{5|}}} | . Vide etiam {{#if:{{{6|}}} | [[:{{{5}}}|{{{6}}}]] | [[:{{{5}}}]] }} }}. }}{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Homonyma]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> n29fk9mib59ifm6833p75andq7s4nux 3982832 3982823 2026-08-21T14:22:49Z Grufo 64423 De spatio nominali 3982832 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Vitta navigationis | 1 = {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 101 | 119 | 711 | 829 = Haec disputatio | 6 = Hic fasciculus | 10 = Haec formula | 118 = Haec adumbratio | 828 = Hic modulus | 14 = Haec categoria | #default = Haec pagina }} de {{{1}}} narrat. S|S}}i {{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|aliud}} quaeris, vide {{#if:{{{4|}}} | [[:{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{3}}}|{{FULLPAGENAME}} (discretiva)}}|{{{4}}}]] | [[:{{#if:{{{3|}}}|{{{3}}}|{{FULLPAGENAME}} (discretiva)}}]] }}{{#if:{{{5|}}} | . Vide etiam {{#if:{{{6|}}} | [[:{{{5}}}|{{{6}}}]] | [[:{{{5}}}]] }} }}. }}{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Homonyma]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 8ert1f39uq2f73g2yw6lii8kvj6hp4s 0 69363 3983042 3593533 2026-08-21T23:29:13Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983042 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Florentia (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Collegiata_San_Fiorenzo_06.JPG|thumb|Florentiola (Aemilia-Romania)]] '''Florentiola'''<ref name="graesse">{{Graesse}}}</ref><ref> Il mondo antico, moderno, e novissimo, ovvero, Breve trattato dell' antica e moderna geografia: con tutte le novità occorse circa la mutazione de' dominj stabiliti nelle Paci di Utrecht, Bada, Passarowitz, ec. : opera utile tanto a' principianti, quanto a tutti i dilettanti della studio geografico. Antonio Chiusole. Appresso Giambattista Recurti, 1722</ref> {{victio|Florentiola|ae|f}} (etiam ''Florentia''<ref name="graesse" />, ''Florentiola ad Ardam'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Fiorenzuola d'Arda|Fiorenzuola d'Arda]]'') est [[Urbes Italiae|Urbs]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 15&thinsp;350 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Aemilia-Romania]] et in [[Provincia Placentina]] sita. Urbani ''Florentiolani'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di città.svg|''[[Urbs Italiae]]''<ref>DPR [[18 Septembris]] [[1956]]</ref> </gallery> == Geographia == * [[Aemilia]] (''terra''), == Historia == Florentiola condita est opppidum Romanum. Nomen vici ex aetate Romana oritur. Florentiola statio in [[via Francigena]] fuit, quae in [[Medium Aevum|Aevo Medio]] peregrinos [[Roma]]m duxit. In itinerario Sigerici, Florentiola, cum nomine ''Floricum'', submansio XXXVII fuit. == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Placentina-Bobiensis]], == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Fractiones === * ''Baselica Duce'', * ''San Protaso''. === Loci === * ''Paullo'', == Municipia finitima == * [[Carpenetum]], * [[Casa Dei]], * [[Curtis Maior]], * [[Castrum Arquatum]], * [[Senum]], * [[Vesentio (Italia)|Vesentio]] (gen. ''Vesentionis''). {{NexInt}} * [[Aemilia-Romania]] (''regio''), * [[Aemilia]] (''terra''), * [[Provincia Placentina]], * [[Via Francigena]], * [[Placentia]] (''urbs''), * [[Urbes Italiae]] == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200810152359/https://www.comune.fiorenzuola.pc.it/ Situs Publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Fiorenzuola d'Arda|Florentiolam}} {{fontes geographici}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Fiorenzuola d'Arda (province of Piacenza, region Emilia-Romagna, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Placentina. Imago:I-PC-Fiorenzuola.JPG|Despetus in urbem. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Urbes Italiae in Aemilia-Romania]] [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Placentiae]] [[Categoria:Via Francigena]] [[Categoria:Loci in itinerario Sigerici]] l197v6hgtyhy4t5vqmxfwdv0ip16wz1 0 74067 3983123 3982582 2026-08-22T07:17:18Z Jondel 452 {{Latinitas dolet|Munera culinae secundum scientiam et quaesitu digeruntur.}}>>Functiones in culina secundum scientiam et peritias digeruntur. 3983123 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Getty 00988701.jpg|thumb|Coqui haedulum parantes (pictura muralis Romana, [[Villa Getty]])]] [[Fasciculus:Cooks_050918_154402.jpg|thumb|Duo coqui alimentum in [[culina]] coquentes.]] {{res|Coquus}} est qui hominibus vel animalibus [[ars coquinaria|alimenta praeparat]]. {{Latinitas dolet|Coquus artifex est homo quis coquit ut munus et pertinet professionem,}} sive libere laborans sive in societate quae peritiam coqui requirit. Functiones in culina secundum scientiam et peritias digeruntur. <ref>[https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-2007-20084 Real Decreto 1396/2007, de 29 de octubre, por el que se establece el título de Técnico en Cocina y Gastronomía y se fijan sus enseñanzas mínimas]. Boletín Oficial del Estado. 2007. {{ling|Hispanice}}</ref> == Notae == {{reflist}} == Nexus interni == *[[Archimagirus]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Cooks|Coquum}} *[https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/cook Cook] apud ''[[Encyclopaedia Britannica]]'' {{ling|Anglice}} {{stipula}} [[Categoria:Ars coquinaria]] [[Categoria:Munera]] nhog6dcp0dix7m05fzha75dmgh1dygz 3983124 3983123 2026-08-22T07:20:35Z Jondel 452 3983124 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Getty 00988701.jpg|thumb|Coqui haedulum parantes (pictura muralis Romana, [[Villa Getty]])]] [[Fasciculus:Cooks_050918_154402.jpg|thumb|Duo coqui alimentum in [[culina]] coquentes.]] {{res|Coquus}} est qui hominibus vel animalibus [[ars coquinaria|alimenta praeparat]]. {{Latinitas dolet|Coquus artifex est homo quis coquit ut munus et pertinet professionem,}}<!-- es:Un cocinero[1] profesional es la persona que cocina por oficio y profesión, bien sea ejerciendo su trabajo particular o en una empresa que amerite o requiera la labor de un experto en la materia.-->sive libere laborans sive in societate quae peritiam coqui requirit. Functiones in culina secundum scientiam et peritias digeruntur. <ref>[https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-2007-20084 Real Decreto 1396/2007, de 29 de octubre, por el que se establece el título de Técnico en Cocina y Gastronomía y se fijan sus enseñanzas mínimas]. Boletín Oficial del Estado. 2007. {{ling|Hispanice}}</ref> == Notae == {{reflist}} == Nexus interni == *[[Archimagirus]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Cooks|Coquum}} *[https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/cook Cook] apud ''[[Encyclopaedia Britannica]]'' {{ling|Anglice}} {{stipula}} [[Categoria:Ars coquinaria]] [[Categoria:Munera]] cuc6hw6gehusue9o198ecrz2bx6fzgp 100 89295 3982968 2529257 2026-08-21T20:03:52Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta de Antiquitate posteriore | categoriaprincipalis = Antiquitas posterior | imagoselecta = Justinian mosaik ravenna.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Opus tesselatum [[Iustinianus I|Iustiniani primi]] Imperatoris. | titleforeground = #ffd700 | titlebackground = gray | titlestyling = | boxbackground = #f0ead6 | bordercolor = #bd33a4 | scintuleft = no | collaboratioleft = no | nexusexterniright = no | tituluscapsa1 = De mundo Romano et Byzantino | tituluscapsa2 = Orbis occidentalis regnorum Germanicorum | tituluscapsa3 = Persia Sassanidarum | tituluscapsa4 = Ortus Musulmanorum }} a8nlg2gaqtgfl4mebt03jx9qungpdkn 0 101451 3982782 3977262 2026-08-21T12:55:43Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982782 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L}} '''Chronica Babylonica''' sunt series tabularum quae res gestas historiae [[Babylonia|Babylonicae]], [[Hellenismus|Hellenisticae]] et [[ReEgnum Parthicum|Parthicae]] modo [[annales|annalium]] breviter narrant. Plurimae tales tabulae in [[Museum Britannicum|Museo Britannico]] iacent. == Index chronicorum Babylonicorum == * Chronicon dynasticum (''ABC'' 18) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc18/dynastic1.html versio]) * Chronicon Weidner (''ABC'' 19; Hallo, 2003) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20060228202325/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc19/weidner.html versio]) * Chronicon domorum Cassitae et Isin (Walker, 1982) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20091021183057/http://geocities.com/farfarer2001/chronicles/walkers_chronicle.html versio ''wayback machine'']) * Chronicon regum antiquorum (''ABC'' 20) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20060228202300/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc20/kings.html versio]) * Historia synchronica (''ABC'' 21) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc21/synchronistic1.html versio]) * Chronicon P (''ABC'' 22) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc22/p.html versio]) * Chronicon pretiorum (''ABC'' 23) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc23/prices.html versio]) * Chronicon eclecticum (''ABC'' 24) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160416015908/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc24/eclectic.html versio]) * Chronicon religiosum (''ABC'' 17) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc17/religious_chronicle1.html versio]) * Chronicon a [[Nabonassar]] [[Shamash-shum-ukin]] usque (''ABC'' 1; Brinkman, 1990) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074617/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc1/abc1_col_i.html versio]) * Chronicon [[Esarhaddon]] (''ABC'' 14) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20161110014405/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc14/esarhaddon.html versio]) * Chronicon Shamash-shum-ukin (''ABC'' 15) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20130101121453/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc15/samas-suma-ukin.html versio]) * Chronicon Akitu (''ABC'' 16) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc16/akitu.html versio]) * Chronicon anterius [[Nabopolassar]] (''ABC'' 2) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc2/early-nabopolassar.html versio]) * Chronicon [[Ninus|Nino]] capto (''ABC'' 3) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20161110013048/http://www.livius.org/ne-nn/nineveh/nineveh02.html versio]) * Chronicon posterius Nabopolassar (''ABC'' 4) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc4/late-nabopolassar.html versio]) * Chronicon anterius [[Nebuchadnezzar]] ("Chronicon de Hierosolymis", ''ABC'' 5) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20110604223643/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc5/jerusalem.html versio]) * Chronicon [[Neriglissar]] (''ABC'' 6) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc6/neriglissar.html versio]) * [[Chronicon Nabonidus]] (''ABC'' 7; Oppenheimii, 1969) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc7/abc7_nabonidus1.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon [[Artaxerxes III]] (''ABC'' 9) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/abc9/artaxerxes.html versio]) * [[ABC 8|Chronicon Alexandri Macedonis]] (''ABC'' 8 = ''BCHP'' 1) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-alexander/alexander_01.html textus et versio]; [https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121545/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-alexander/alexander_06.html alia versio]) * [[Tabula BM 41080|Chronicon de Alexandro in Arabiam profecto]] (Tabula BM 41080 = ''BCHP'' 2) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-arabia/arabia_01.html textus et versio]) * [[ABC 10|Chronicon Diadochorum]] (''ABC'' 10 = ''BCHP'' 3) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20180929105550/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-diadochi/diadochi_01.html textus et versio]) * [[Tabula BM 36613|Fragmentum de Alexandro et Artaxerxe]] (Tabula BM 36613 = ''BCHP'' 4) ([http://www.livius.org/aj-al/alexander/alexander_t56.html versio]) * Chronicon templi Antiochus et [[Sin (deus)|Sin]] (''ABC'' 11 = ''BCHP'' 5) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180827/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-antiochus_sin/antiochus_sin_01.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon Esagila deleta (''BCHP'' 6) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-ruin_esagila/ruin_esagila_01.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon Antiochus Bactria et India (''ABC'' 13A = ''BCHP'' 7) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-india/antiochus_india_01.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon horti iuniperarum (''BCHP'' 8) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-juniper/juniper_01.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon posterius [[Seleucus I]] (''ABC'' 12 = ''BCHP'' 9) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-end_seleucus/seleucus_01.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon successionum [[Seleucidae|Seleucidarum]] (''ABC'' 13 = ''BCHP'' 10) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-dynastic/dynastic_01.html textus et versio]) * [[Tabula BM 34428|Chronicon obsessionis Ptolemaei III]] (''BCHP'' 11) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20170726171055/http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-ptolemy_iii/bchp_ptolemy_iii_01.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon [[Seleucus III]] (''ABC'' 13B = ''BCHP'' 12) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-seleucus_iii/seleucus_iii_01.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon civium (''BCHP'' 13) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-politai/politai_1.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon populorum Graecorum (''BCHP'' 14) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-greeks/greeks_01.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon auro abrepto (''BCHP'' 15) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-gold/theft_1.html textus et versio]) * Documentum de agris (''BCHP'' 16) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-tithes/tithes_1.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon iuridicum (''BCHP'' 17) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-jud/jud_1.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon Bagayasha (''BCHP'' 18) * Chronicle regis [[Arsacidae]] (''BCHP'' 19) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-arsacid/arsacid_king_1.html textus et versio]) * Chronicon Euphratis (''BCHP'' 20) ([http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/bchp-euphrates/euphrates_1.html textus et versio]) {{NexInt}} * [[Prophetia dynastica]] == Nexus externi == *[http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/chron00.html Chronica Babylonica] apud [[livius.org]] *[http://www.livius.org/cg-cm/chronicles/chron_literature.html Bibliographia] apud livius.org *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070208202143/http://utenti.lycos.it/homegape/mesopot/histor/index.html Indices regum]: versiones et bibliographia *''[https://web.archive.org/web/20110412142144/http://www.onderzoekinformatie.nl/en/oi/nod/onderzoek/OND1297087/ BCHP Project]'' == Editiones == * ''ABC'': A. K. Grayson, ''Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles'' (1975) * ''BCHP'': I. Finkel, R. J. van der Spek, ''Babylonian Chronicles of the Hellenistic Period'' (nondum edita: vide interdum [https://web.archive.org/web/20110412142144/http://www.onderzoekinformatie.nl/en/oi/nod/onderzoek/OND1297087/ situm BCHP]) * John Brinkman, "The Babylonian Chronicle revisited" in T. Abusch, J. Huehnergard, P. Steinkeller, edd., ''Lingering over words. Studies in ancient Near Eastern literature in honor of William L. Moran'' (Atlanta, 1990) * Jean-Jacques Glassner, ''Mesopotamian Chronicles'' (2004) * William W. Hallo, ed., ''The Context of Scripture'' vol. 1 (Lugduni Batavorum, 2003) * Amélie Kuhrt, ''The Persian Empire: a corpus of sources of the Achaemenid period'' (Londinii, 2007) * L. Oppenheim, "Nabonidus Chronicle" in [[Iacobus Pritchard|J. B. Pritchard]], ed., ''[[Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament]]'' (ed. 3a, 1969) * C. B. F. Walker, "Babylonian Chronicle 25: a chronicle of the Kassite and Isin Dynasties" in G. van Driel et al., edd., ''Zikir Šumim: Assyriological Studies Presented to F. R. Kraus on the Occasion of His Seventieth Birthday'' (1982) == Bibliographia == * M. Dandamayev, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20100808003559/http://www.iranica.com/articles/babylonian-chronicles Babylonian Chronicles]" (2002) in [[Encyclopaedia Iranica|Encyclopaedia Iranica Online]] {{Ling|Anglice}} [[Categoria:Chronica Babylonica|!]] [[Categoria:Tabulae fictiles]] [[Categoria:Indices litteraturae]] [[Categoria:Museum Britannicum]] ajpvjj5aatyerv41z8dibpwrz6v2qsr 0 104758 3982827 3592713 2026-08-21T14:11:30Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipi de Cuncuress Concorezzo.JPG|thumb|Cocoretium]] '''Cocoretium'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=eodYAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Memorie spettanti alla storia, al governo ed alla descrizione della città, e della campagna di Milano, ne' secoli bassi, Volume 9 (Google eBook) conte Giorgio Giulini, Stamperia di G. Bianchi, 1760]</ref> {{victio|Concoretium|ii|n}} (alia nomina: ''Concoretium''<ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref>, ''Concoretium Burgus''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=eodYAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Memorie spettanti alla storia, al governo ed alla descrizione della città, e della campagna di Milano, ne' secoli bassi, Volume 9 (Google eBook) conte Giorgio Giulini, Stamperia di G. Bianchi, 1760]</ref>, ''Cucuretium''<ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini.</ref>, ''Conculiceus'') ([[Italiane]] ''[[:it:Concorezzo|Concorezzo]]'') est [[urbes Italiae|urbs]] et [[commune Italiae|municipium]] [[Italia|Italicum]], circiter 15&thinsp;550 incolarum, in [[Provincia Modiciensis et Brigantina|Provincia Modiciensi et Brigantina]] [[Regio Italiae|Regionis]] [[Langobardia]]e situm. Urbani ''Cocoretienses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di città.svg|''[[Urbs Italiae]]''<ref>D.P.R. [[25 Septembris]] [[1989]].</ref> </gallery> {{NexInt}} * [[Brigantia (Italia)|Brigantia]] (''terra'') * [[Modicia]] (''urbs'') == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Concorezzo|Cocoretium}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220412030734/https://comune.concorezzo.mb.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} [[Categoria:Municipia in Brigantia]] [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Modiciae et Brigantiae]] [[Categoria:Urbes Italiae in Langobardia]] s4u6nz3ndylhpnrhl3s7b1q3bnhblo1 100 107978 3982969 3803048 2026-08-21T20:04:38Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982969 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | imagoselecta = Budapest Parlament1.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Senatus Hungariae | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = #ce2939 | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = grey }} [[Categoria:Porta Hungariae| ]] 9q1w5alipo4iyexyphecv4j81r8h1ik 14 111211 3982817 1394654 2026-08-21T14:00:04Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Portae]] 3982817 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Aedificia Romae urbis]] [[Categoria:Portae]] 6d452j4cx1th0oy5mtlks8g67gc1gs2 0 118128 3982813 3724873 2026-08-21T13:59:13Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Portae]] 3982813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L}} {{Monumenta Constantinopolis |nomen=PORTA AUREA THEODOSIANA |label_x=0.12 |label_y=0.81 |collocatio=[[Psamathia]] |annus=c. 440 |patronus=[[Theodosius II]] |genus=[[Porta urbana]] |}} [[Fasciculus:Theodosian Golden Gate.jpg|thumb|left|Porta Aurea hodie in Istambul]] '''Porta Aurea'''<ref>"Porta Aurea": ''[[Partitio terrarum Imperii Romaniae]]'' 1</ref> ([[Graece]]: {{polytonic|Χρυσεία Πύλη}}) fuit porta in moenibus [[Murus Theodosianus|Theodosianis]] [[Constantinopolis|Constantinopolitanis]], maxima inter portas, et per quam via principalis urbem intravit. Hac ab porta triumphi et processiones ductae erant per viam [[Mese]]n usque ad [[Palatium Magnum (Constantinopolis)|palatium]],<ref>{{DuCangeHB}} vol. 2 pars 1 [http://archive.org/stream/historiabyzantin00duca#page/n483/mode/2up p. 70]</ref> sicut fuisset arcus triumphalis Romae. Aut [[Theodosius I]] aut [[Theodosius II]] portam aedificavit in moeniis, et dicata fuit ob victoriam contram usurpatorem: ::''Haec loca Theudosius decorat post fata tyranni/ aurea saec[u]la gerit qui portam construit auro'' Aedificata est porta ex marmore, cum ianuis tribus et [[fornix cuneorum|fornicibus rotundis]], et ornata erat cum permultas imagines et sculpturas. Aevo Medio, porta facta est praesidium urbis, et sub patronatu Ottomanidarum, pars meschitae. == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> ==Bibliographia== * {{DuCangeHB}} vol. 2 pars 1 pp. [http://archive.org/stream/historiabyzantin00duca#page/n467/mode/2up 52]-[http://archive.org/stream/historiabyzantin00duca#page/n463/mode/2up 53] * Cyril Mango, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20160307053226/http://doaks.org/resources/publications/dumbarton-oaks-papers/dop54/dp54ch9.pdf/view The Triumphal Way of Constantinople and the Golden Gate]" in ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers'' vol. 54 (2000) p. 173 ff. {{NexInt}} *[[Porta Aurea antiqua]] *[[Via Egnatia]] {{Urbs Constantinopolis mediaevalis}} [[categoria:Architectura]] [[Categoria:Archaeologia Antiquitatis Posterioris]] [[Categoria:Monumenta Constantinopolis]] [[Categoria:Constantinopolis mediaevalis]] [[Categoria:Portae]] [[Categoria:Portae urbanae]] qcniko125nawqh7mj1hak40s3i9r4cg 0 119828 3982898 3924497 2026-08-21T16:30:10Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus: %C3%89glise_Cruzilles_M%C3%A9pillat.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.7|Cruzilles-lès-Mépillat: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Dionysius|Sancto Dionysio]] dicata]] '''Cruzilles-lès-Mépillat''' est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 951 incolarum (anno [[2022]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Indis (praefectura Franciae)|Indis]] in regione orientali [[Rhodanus et Alpes|Rhodano et Alpibus]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Arvernia Rhodanus Alpes|Arvernia Rhodano Alpibus]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Indis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Cruzilles-lès-Mépillat|Cruzilles-lès-Mépillat}} * {{INSEE commune|01136|de=Cruzilles-lès-Mépillat}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=11268 De hoc communi apud Cassini] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160109003930/http://www.cruzilleslesmepillat.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Idani]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Idani]] copmt4eyvweutdk2sgcvtwmssovwx3n 0 123137 3982815 3921835 2026-08-21T13:59:39Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Portae]] 3982815 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Trier Porta Nigra BW 1.JPG|thumb|Trier Porta Nigra BW 1]] '''Porta Nigra''' aedificium praeclarum antiquorum temporum et notissima et optimeque servata porta urbis Romanorum sita ad septentrionales [[Alpes|Alpium]] est. Postquam oppidum [[Augusta Treverorum]] [[saeculum 2|saeculo II]] tempore imperatoris [[antoninus Pius|Antonini Pii]] in centrum Romanorum in solo Germanico conversum est, etiam moenia urbis cum quinque portis aedificabantur. In quibus Porta Nigra erat aditum septentrionalem. == Architectura == Ex [[lapis|lapidibus]] arenae et sine compagine [[aedificium|aedificata]] est. Singulares lapides cum fibulis ferreis coniuncti erant. Ingenti magnitudine constructa Porta Nigra tamen normalis porta urbis Romanae est. Turris occidalis fere servata etiam hodie circiter triginta metris altitudinis est. Haec antiquis temporibus vero etiam nonnullis metris alterior erat. Porta Nigra est aedificium duplicium portarum symmetre circum aulam internam constructum. Porta in casu defensionis claudi potuit. Per tempora Romana omnes partes aedificii trans scalas et vestibula lignea facile accedi poterant. Maxima parte Portae iam aedificata labores desisti debuerunt. Itaque porta numquam perfecta est. Nomen Portae Nigrae primo in [[saeculum 11|saeculo undecimo]] commemoratum et ad colorem nigrum tempestate ortum pertinet. Causa status excellentis aedificii in eo est, quod Porta Nigra in Aevo Medio ecclesia Christiana Sancto [[Simeon]]e dicata fuerit. Porta Nigra unica porta est, quae demolitionem munitionum oppidi in Aevo Medio supervivit. Anno [[1802]] [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleon]] ecclesiam Simeonis tollere et omnes in statum antiquorum temporum revocari iussit. Porta Nigra anno [[1986]] [[UNESCO Mundi Hereditas]] nominatur est. == Fontes == * https://web.archive.org/web/20141019024540/http://www.trier-info.de/portanigra-info {{Ling|Theodisce}} * http://www.welterbe-trier.de/index.php?id=217 [[Categoria:Archaeologia Antiquitatis Posterioris]] [[Categoria:Augusta Treverorum]] [[Categoria:Portae urbanae]] [[Categoria:Confecta saeculo 2]] [[Categoria:Loci hereditatis mundialis in Germania]] [[Categoria:Portae]] czdoimttmjxb13pb0td0nfofvge123u 0 123776 3982881 3982600 2026-08-21T15:46:56Z Pippobuono 54500 nomen latinum 3982881 wikitext text/x-wiki Hic est index [[commune|communium]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] praefecturae [[Francia|Francicae]], cui subsunt communia 515 numero. [[Fasciculus:Vosges-Position.png|thumb|Situs praefecturae]] [[Fasciculus: Senones vu du Petit Paris.jpg|thumb|Despectus in ''[[ Senones ]]'']] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 88001 | 88270 | [[Les Ableuvenettes]] |- | 88002 | 88500 | [[Ahéville]] |- | 88003 | 88140 | [[Aingeville]] |- | 88004 | 88320 | [[Ainvelle (Vosegus)|Ainvelle]] |- | 88005 | 88110 | [[Allarmont]] |- | 88006 | 88500 | [[Ambacuria]] |- | 88007 | 88410 | [[Ameuvelle]] |- | 88008 | 88700 | [[Anglemont]] |- | 88009 | 88650 | [[Anould]] |- | 88010 | 88170 | [[Aouze]] |- | 88011 | 88380 | [[Arches (Vosegus)|Arches]] |- | 88012 | 88380 | [[Archettes]] |- | 88013 | 88170 | [[Aroffe]] |- | 88014 | 88430 | [[Arrentès-de-Corcieux]] |- | 88015 | 88300 | [[Attignéville]] |- | 88016 | 88260 | [[Attigny (Vosegus)|Attigny]] |- | 88017 | 88300 | [[Aulnois]] |- | 88018 | 88640 | [[Aumontzey]] |- | 88019 | 88300 | [[Autigny-la-Tour]] |- | 88020 | 88300 | [[Autreville (Vosegus)|Autreville]] |- | 88021 | 88700 | [[Autrey (Vosegus)|Autrey]] |- | 88022 | 88140 | [[Auzainvilliers]] |- | 88023 | 88500 | [[Avillers (Vosegus)|Avillers]] |- | 88024 | 88130 | [[Avrainville (Vosegus)|Avrainville]] |- | 88025 | 88630 | [[Avranville]] |- | 88026 | 88600 | [[Aydoilles]] |- | 88027 | 88330 | [[Badménil-aux-Bois]] |- | 88028 | 88460 | [[La Baffe]] |- | 88029 | 88240 | [[Bains-les-Bains]] |- | 88030 | 88270 | [[Bainville-aux-Saules]] |- | 88031 | 88170 | [[Balléville]] |- | 88032 | 88520 | [[Ban-de-Laveline]] |- | 88033 | 88210 | [[Ban-de-Sapt]] |- | 88106 | 88230 | [[Ban-sur-Meurthe-Clefcy]] |- | 88035 | 88640 | [[Barbey-Seroux]] |- | 88036 | 88300 | [[Barville (Vosegus)|Barville]] |- | 88037 | 88120 | [[Basse-sur-le-Rupt]] |- | 88038 | 88130 | [[Battexey]] |- | 88039 | 88500 | [[Baudricourt]] |- | 88040 | 88150 | [[Bayecourt]] |- | 88041 | 88270 | [[Bazegney]] |- | 88042 | 88700 | [[Bazien]] |- | 88043 | 88500 | [[Bazoilles-et-Ménil]] |- | 88044 | 88300 | [[Bazoilles-sur-Meuse]] |- | 88045 | 88300 | [[Beaufremont]] |- | 88046 | 88600 | [[Beauménil]] |- | 88047 | 88270 | [[Begnécourt]] |- | 88048 | 88370 | [[Bellefontaine (Vosegus)|Bellefontaine]] |- | 88049 | 88260 | [[Belmont-lès-Darney]] |- | 88050 | 88600 | [[Belmont-sur-Buttant]] |- | 88051 | 88800 | [[Belmont-sur-Vair]] |- | 88052 | 88260 | [[Belrupt]] |- | 88053 | 88210 | [[Belval (Vosegus)|Belval]] |- | 88054 | 88520 | [[Bertrimoutier]] |- | 88055 | 88450 | [[Bettegney-Saint-Brice]] |- | 88056 | 88500 | [[Bettoncourt]] |- | 88057 | 88490 | [[Le Beulay]] |- | 88058 | 88170 | [[Biécourt]] |- | 88059 | 88430 | [[Biffontaine]] |- | 88060 | 88500 | [[Blémerey (Vosegus)|Blémerey]] |- | 88061 | 88410 | [[Bleurville]] |- | 88062 | 88320 | [[Blevaincourt]] |- | 88063 | 88270 | [[Bocquegney]] |- | 88064 | 88600 | [[Bois-de-Champ]] |- | 88065 | 88260 | [[Bonvillet]] |- | 88066 | 88500 | [[Boulaincourt]] |- | 88068 | 88470 | [[La Bourgonce]] |- | 88069 | 88270 | [[Bouxières-aux-Bois]] |- | 88070 | 88130 | [[Bouxurulles]] |- | 88071 | 88270 | [[Bouzemont]] |- | 88073 | 88130 | [[Brantigny]] |- | 88074 | 88350 | [[Brechainville]] |- | 88075 | 88250 | [[La Bresse]] |- | 88076 | 88600 | [[Brouvelieures]] |- | 88077 | 88700 | [[Brû]] |- | 88078 | 88600 | [[Bruyères]] |- | 88079 | 88140 | [[Boloniacivilla]] |- | 88080 | 88700 | [[Bult]] |- | 88081 | 88540 | [[Bussang]] |- | 88082 | 88110 | [[Celles-sur-Plaine]] |- | 88083 | 88300 | [[Certilleux]] |- | 88084 | 88130 | [[Chamagne]] |- | 88085 | 88640 | [[Champdray]] |- | 88086 | 88600 | [[Ducis Campus|Champ-le-Duc]] |- | 88087 | 88000 | [[Chantraine (commune)|Chantraine]] |- | 88088 | 88240 | [[La Chapelle-aux-Bois]] |- | 88089 | 88600 | [[La Chapelle-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88090 | 88130 | [[Carpinia]] |- | 88091 | 88460 | [[Charmois-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88092 | 88270 | [[Charmois-l'Orgueilleux]] |- | 88093 | 88210 | [[Châtas]] |- | 88094 | 88330 | [[Châtel-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88095 | 88170 | [[Châtenois (Vosegus)|Châtenois]] |- | 88096 | 88410 | [[Châtillon-sur-Saône]] |- | 88097 | 88500 | [[Chauffecourt]] |- | 88098 | 88390 | [[Chaumousey]] |- | 88099 | 88150 | [[Chavelot]] |- | 88100 | 88500 | [[Chef-Haut]] |- | 88101 | 88460 | [[Cheniménil]] |- | 88102 | 88630 | [[Chermisey]] |- | 88103 | 88270 | [[Circourt]] |- | 88104 | 88300 | [[Circourt-sur-Mouzon]] |- | 88105 | 88410 | [[Claudon]] |- | 88107 | 88630 | [[Clérey-la-Côte]] |- | 88108 | 88240 | [[Le Clerjus]] |- | 88109 | 88120 | [[Cleurie]] |- | 88110 | 88700 | [[Clézentaine]] |- | 88111 | 88100 | [[Coinches]] |- | 88113 | 88490 | [[Combrimont]] |- | 88114 | 88140 | [[Gundrecivilla]] |- | 88115 | 88430 | [[Corcieux]] |- | 88116 | 88310 | [[Cornimont]] |- | 88117 | 88170 | [[Courcelles-sous-Châtenois]] |- | 88118 | 88630 | [[Cussiacum (Vosegus)|Cussiacum]] |- | 88119 | 88140 | [[Crainvilliers]] |- | 88120 | 88520 | [[La Croix-aux-Mines]] |- | 88121 | 88330 | [[Damas-aux-Bois]] |- | 88122 | 88270 | [[Damas-et-Bettegney]] |- | 88123 | 88320 | [[Damblain]] |- | 88124 | 88260 | [[Darney]] |- | 88125 | 88170 | [[Darney-aux-Chênes]] |- | 88126 | 88390 | [[Darnieulles]] |- | 88127 | 88700 | [[Deinvillers]] |- | 88128 | 88210 | [[Denipaire]] |- | 88129 | 88270 | [[Derbamont]] |- | 88130 | 88600 | [[Destord]] |- | 88131 | 88600 | [[Deycimont]] |- | 88132 | 88000 | [[Deyvillers]] |- | 88133 | 88000 | [[Dignonville]] |- | 88134 | 88000 | [[Dinozé]] |- | 88135 | 88460 | [[Docelles]] |- | 88136 | 88000 | [[Dogneville]] |- | 88137 | 88170 | [[Dolaincourt]] |- | 88138 | 88260 | [[Dombasle-devant-Darney]] |- | 88139 | 88500 | [[Dombasle-en-Xaintois]] |- | 88140 | 88140 | [[Dombrot-le-Sec]] |- | 88141 | 88170 | [[Dombrot-sur-Vair]] |- | 88144 | 88500 | [[Domèvre-sous-Montfort]] |- | 88142 | 88390 | [[Domèvre-sur-Avière]] |- | 88143 | 88330 | [[Domèvre-sur-Durbion]] |- | 88145 | 88600 | [[Domfaing]] |- | 88146 | 88800 | [[Domjulien]] |- | 88147 | 88390 | [[Dommartin-aux-Bois]] |- | 88148 | 88200 | [[Domnus Martinus (Romaricus Mons)]] |- | 88149 | 88260 | [[Dommartin-lès-Vallois]] |- | 88150 | 88170 | [[Dommartin-sur-Vraine]] |- | 88151 | 88270 | [[Donoparium]] |- | 88152 | 88600 | [[Dompierre (Vosegus)|Dompierre]] |- | 88153 | 88700 | [[Domptail]] |- | 88154 | 88630 | [[Domnum Remigium]] |- | 88155 | 88500 | [[Domvallier]] |- | 88156 | 88700 | [[Doncières]] |- | 88157 | 88220 | [[Dounoux]] |- | 88158 | 88510 | [[Éloyes]] |- | 88159 | 88650 | [[Entre-deux-Eaux]] |- | 88160 | 88000 | [[Spinalium]] |- | 88161 | 88260 | [[Escles]] |- | 88162 | 88260 | [[Esley]] |- | 88163 | 88130 | [[Essegney]] |- | 88164 | 88500 | [[Estrennes]] |- | 88165 | 88480 | [[Étival-Clairefontaine]] |- | 88166 | 88450 | [[Évaux-et-Ménil]] |- | 88167 | 88460 | [[Faucompierre]] |- | 88168 | 88700 | [[Fauconcourt]] |- | 88169 | 88600 | [[Fays (Vosegus)|Fays]] |- | 88170 | 88360 | [[Ferdrupt]] |- | 88171 | 88410 | [[Fignévelle]] |- | 88172 | 88600 | [[Fiménil]] |- | 88173 | 88130 | [[Florémont]] |- | 88174 | 88390 | [[Fomerey]] |- | 88175 | 88600 | [[Fontenay (Vosegus)|Fontenay]] |- | 88176 | 88240 | [[Fontiniacum]] |- | 88177 | 88530 | [[La Forge (Vosegus)|La Forge]] |- | 88178 | 88390 | [[Les Forges (Vosegus)|Les Forges]] |- | 88179 | 88320 | [[Fouchécourt (Vosegus)|Fouchécourt]] |- | 88180 | 88320 | [[Frain]] |- | 88181 | 88230 | [[Fraize]] |- | 88182 | 88490 | [[Frapelle]] |- | 88183 | 88630 | [[Frebécourt]] |- | 88184 | 88600 | [[Fremifontaine]] |- | 88185 | 88500 | [[Frenelle-la-Grande]] |- | 88186 | 88500 | [[Frenelle-la-Petite]] |- | 88187 | 88270 | [[Frénois (Vosegus)|Frénois]] |- | 88188 | 88160 | [[Fresse-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88189 | 88350 | [[Fréville (Vosegus)|Fréville]] |- | 88190 | 88440 | [[Frizon]] |- | 88192 | 88270 | [[Gelvécourt-et-Adompt]] |- | 88193 | 88520 | [[Gemaingoutte]] |- | 88194 | 88170 | [[Gemmelaincourt]] |- | 88195 | 88140 | [[Gendreville]] |- | 88196 | 88400 | [[Gérardmer]] |- | 88197 | 88120 | [[Gerbamont]] |- | 88198 | 88430 | [[Gerbépal]] |- | 88199 | 88320 | [[Gignéville]] |- | 88200 | 88390 | [[Gigney]] |- | 88201 | 88390 | [[Girancourt]] |- | 88202 | 88500 | [[Gircourt-lès-Viéville]] |- | 88203 | 88600 | [[Girecourt-sur-Durbion]] |- | 88205 | 88340 | [[Girmont-Val-d'Ajol]] |- | 88206 | 88170 | [[Gironcourt-sur-Vraine]] |- | 88208 | 88410 | [[Godoncourt]] |- | 88209 | 88190 | [[Golbey]] |- | 88210 | 88270 | [[Gorhey]] |- | 88212 | 88350 | [[Grand (Vosegus)|Grand]] |- | 88213 | 88490 | [[Magna Fossa]] |- | 88215 | 88210 | [[Grandrupt]] |- | 88214 | 88240 | [[Grandrupt-de-Bains]] |- | 88216 | 88600 | [[Grandvillers]] |- | 88218 | 88640 | [[Granges-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88219 | 88630 | [[Greux]] |- | 88220 | 88410 | [[Grignoncourt]] |- | 88221 | 88240 | [[Gruey-lès-Surance]] |- | 88222 | 88600 | [[Gugnécourt]] |- | 88223 | 88450 | [[Gugney-aux-Aulx]] |- | 88224 | 88330 | [[Hadigny-les-Verrières]] |- | 88225 | 88220 | [[Hadol]] |- | 88226 | 88270 | [[Hagécourt]] |- | 88227 | 88300 | [[Hagnéville-et-Roncourt]] |- | 88228 | 88330 | [[Haillainville]] |- | 88229 | 88300 | [[Harchéchamp]] |- | 88230 | 88700 | [[Hardancourt]] |- | 88231 | 88800 | [[Haréville]] |- | 88232 | 88300 | [[Harmonville]] |- | 88233 | 88270 | [[Harol]] |- | 88234 | 88240 | [[Harsault]] |- | 88235 | 88240 | [[Hautmougey]] |- | 88236 | 88240 | [[La Haye (Vosegus)|La Haye]] |- | 88237 | 88270 | [[Hennecourt]] |- | 88238 | 88260 | [[Hennezel]] |- | 88239 | 88130 | [[Hergugney]] |- | 88240 | 88600 | [[Herpelmont]] |- | 88241 | 88170 | [[Houécourt]] |- | 88242 | 88300 | [[Houéville]] |- | 88243 | 88700 | [[Housseras]] |- | 88244 | 88430 | [[La Houssière]] |- | 88245 | 88210 | [[Hurbache]] |- | 88246 | 88500 | [[Hymont]] |- | 88247 | 88150 | [[Igney (Vosegus)|Igney]] |- | 88248 | 88320 | [[Isches]] |- | 88249 | 88300 | [[Jainvillotte]] |- | 88250 | 88550 | [[Jarménil]] |- | 88251 | 88700 | [[Jeanménil]] |- | 88252 | 88260 | [[Jésonville]] |- | 88253 | 88000 | [[Jeuxey]] |- | 88254 | 88500 | [[Jorxey]] |- | 88255 | 88630 | [[Jubainville]] |- | 88256 | 88640 | [[Jussarupt]] |- | 88257 | 88500 | [[Juvaincourt]] |- | 88258 | 88320 | [[Marchia (Vosegus)|Marchia]] |- | 88259 | 88300 | [[Landaville]] |- | 88260 | 88130 | [[Langley (Vosegus)|Langley]] |- | 88261 | 88600 | [[Laval-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88262 | 88600 | [[Laveline-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88263 | 88640 | [[Laveline-du-Houx]] |- | 88264 | 88270 | [[Légéville-et-Bonfays]] |- | 88265 | 88300 | [[Lemmecourt]] |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 88266 | 88600 | [[Lépanges-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88267 | 88260 | [[Larino]] |- | 88268 | 88490 | [[Lesseux]] |- | 88269 | 88400 | [[Liézey]] |- | 88270 | 88350 | [[Liffodium]] |- | 88271 | 88800 | [[Legisvilla]] |- | 88272 | 88410 | [[Lyroncuria]] |- | 88273 | 88000 | [[Longus Campus (Vosegus)|Longus Campus]] |- | 88274 | 88170 | [[Longus Campus subtus Castinetum]] |- | 88275 | 88490 | [[Lubine]] |- | 88276 | 88490 | [[Lussia]] |- | 88277 | 88110 | [[Luviniacus]] |- | 88278 | 88170 | [[Macuncurtis]] |- | 88279 | 88270 | [[Madecuria]] |- | 88280 | 88450 | [[Maldisinum]] |- | 88281 | 88270 | [[Madonne-et-Lamerey]] |- | 88283 | 88140 | [[Malini curia]] |- | 88284 | 88650 | [[Mandray]] |- | 88285 | 88800 | [[Manderae]] |- | 88286 | 88130 | [[Mareinvilla]] |- | 88287 | 88320 | [[Mariacum (Vosegus)|Mariacum]] |- | 88288 | 88270 | [[Monroniscurtis]] |- | 88289 | 88320 | [[Martiniacum (Vosegus)|Martiniacum]] |- | 88290 | 88300 | [[Martigny-les-Gerbonvaux]] |- | 88291 | 88410 | [[Martinvelle]] |- | 88292 | 88500 | [[Mataincuria]] |- | 88293 | 88630 | [[Maxey-sur-Meuse]] |- | 88294 | 88150 | [[Mazeley]] |- | 88295 | 88500 | [[Maceriolae]] |- | 88296 | 88140 | [[Madonis villa]] |- | 88297 | 88600 | [[Méménil]] |- | 88298 | 88700 | [[Menardi Mons]] |- | 88302 | 88160 | [[Le Ménil]] |- | 88300 | 88210 | [[Ménil-de-Senones]] |- | 88299 | 88500 | [[Mansile in Sanctesio]] |- | 88301 | 88700 | [[Ménil-sur-Belvitte]] |- | 88303 | 88630 | [[Mudrevallis]] |- | 88304 | 88500 | [[Mirecurtium]] |- | 88305 | 88630 | [[Moncel-sur-Vair]] |- | 88306 | 88210 | [[Le Mont]] |- | 88309 | 88800 | [[Monthureux-le-Sec]] |- | 88310 | 88410 | [[Monthureux-sur-Saône]] |- | 88307 | 88320 | [[Mont-lès-Lamarche]] |- | 88308 | 88300 | [[Montes ante Novum Castrum]] |- | 88311 | 88240 | [[Montmotier]] |- | 88312 | 88170 | [[Morelli Domus]] |- | 88313 | 88330 | [[Murini villa]] |- | 88314 | 88320 | [[Morizécourt]] |- | 88315 | 88600 | [[Mors Agni]] |- | 88316 | 88140 | [[Maurivilla]] |- | 88317 | 88210 | [[Moussey (Vosegus)|Moussey]] |- | 88318 | 88700 | [[Medius Mons (Vosegus)|Medius Mons]] |- | 88319 | 88420 | [[Medianum Monasterium]] |- | 88320 | 88100 | [[Nayemont-les-Fosses]] |- | 88321 | 88300 | [[Neocastrum (Francia)|Neocastrum]] |- | 88322 | 88600 | [[La Neuveville-devant-Lépanges]] |- | 88324 | 88170 | [[La Neuveville-sous-Châtenois]] |- | 88325 | 88800 | [[La Neuveville-sous-Montfort]] |- | 88326 | 88100 | [[Neuvillers-sur-Fave]] |- | 88327 | 88440 | [[Nomexy]] |- | 88328 | 88470 | [[Nompardivilla]] |- | 88330 | 88260 | [[Novilla (Vosegus)|Novilla]] |- | 88331 | 88600 | [[Nontiavilla]] |- | 88332 | 88800 | [[Noretum]] |- | 88333 | 88700 | [[Nossoncourt]] |- | 88334 | 88500 | [[Ollevilla]] |- | 88335 | 88500 | [[Offroicourt]] |- | 88336 | 88170 | [[Audoleni villa]] |- | 88338 | 88700 | [[Ortonis curia]] |- | 88340 | 88700 | [[Padua (Vosegus)|Padua]] |- | 88341 | 88100 | [[Pair-et-Grandrupt]] |- | 88342 | 88330 | [[Pallegney]] |- | 88343 | 88800 | [[Paretum (Vosegus)|Paretum]] |- | 88344 | 88350 | [[Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem]] |- | 88345 | 88490 | [[La Petite-Fosse]] |- | 88346 | 88210 | [[La Petite-Raon]] |- | 88347 | 88270 | [[Petraficta (Vosegus)|Petraficta]] |- | 88348 | 88600 | [[Petreus Pons]] |- | 88349 | 88230 | [[Plenifesium]] |- | 88350 | 88170 | [[Pluvesia]] |- | 88351 | 88370 | [[Plumberae]] |- | 88352 | 88300 | [[Pomperra (Vosegus)|Pomperra]] |- | 88353 | 88260 | [[Pons iuxta Undinovilla]] |- | 88354 | 88500 | [[Pont-sur-Madon]] |- | 88355 | 88330 | [[Portus Caelorum]] |- | 88356 | 88600 | [[Les Poulières]] |- | 88357 | 88500 | [[Portus Suavis]] |- | 88358 | 88550 | [[Pouxeux]] |- | 88359 | 88600 | [[Prey (Vosegus)|Prey]] |- | 88360 | 88260 | [[Provenchères-lès-Darney]] |- | 88361 | 88490 | [[Provenchères-et-Colroy]] |- | 88362 | 88210 | [[Le Puid]] |- | 88363 | 88630 | [[Purneretum]] |- | 88364 | 88500 | [[Puzieux (Vosegus)|Puzieux]] |- | 88365 | 88270 | [[Racécourt]] |- | 88366 | 88170 | [[Radalli villa]] |- | 88367 | 88700 | [[Rambervilleriae]] |- | 88368 | 88500 | [[Rancuria]] |- | 88369 | 88160 | [[Romarici campus]] |- | 88370 | 88270 | [[Radonis curtis]] |- | 88371 | 88220 | [[Rapo ad Silvas]] |- | 88372 | 88110 | [[Rapo ad Stationem]] |- | 88373 | 88110 | [[Raon-sur-Plaine]] |- | 88374 | 88130 | [[Rapey]] |- | 88375 | 88520 | [[Raves (Vosegus)|Raves]] |- | 88376 | 88300 | [[Ribovilla]] |- | 88377 | 88410 | [[Rainharii villa]] |- | 88378 | 88450 | [[Regney]] |- | 88379 | 88330 | [[Ranconis curtis]] |- | 88380 | 88640 | [[Rehaupal]] |- | 88381 | 88260 | [[Relangia]] |- | 88382 | 88500 | [[Rimacuria]] |- | 88383 | 88200 | [[Romarici Mons]] |- | 88386 | 88100 | [[Remomeix]] |- | 88385 | 88800 | [[Romulficuria]] |- | 88387 | 88170 | [[Ramaldi villa]] |- | 88388 | 88390 | [[Renauvoid]] |- | 88389 | 88500 | [[Reparium]] |- | 88390 | 88320 | [[Roberticuria]] |- | 88391 | 88120 | [[Rochesson]] |- | 88394 | 88320 | [[Romania ad Silvas]] |- | 88395 | 88700 | [[Rotmundum]] |- | 88398 | 88600 | [[Les Rouges-Eaux]] |- | 88399 | 88460 | [[Le Roulier]] |- | 88400 | 88500 | [[Ruvera in Sanctesio]] |- | 88401 | 88170 | [[Roverium (Vosegus)|Roverium]] |- | 88402 | 88700 | [[Rovilla ad Quercus]] |- | 88403 | 88500 | [[Roserota]] |- | 88404 | 88320 | [[Roseriae supra Mosunam]] |- | 88406 | 88130 | [[Rugney]] |- | 88407 | 88630 | [[Ruppes]] |- | 88408 | 88360 | [[Rupt-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88409 | 88120 | [[Saint-Amé]] |- | 88411 | 88260 | [[Sanctus Basolimons]] |- | 88412 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Benedictus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Benedictus]] |- | 88413 | 88100 | [[Sanctus Deodatus (urbs)|Sanctus Deodatus]] |- | 88410 | 88700 | [[Sancta Barbara (Vosegus)|Sancta Barbara]] |- | 88418 | 88700 | [[Sancta Helena (Vosegus)|Sancta Helena]] |- | 88424 | 88100 | [[Sancta Margareta (Vosegus)|Sancta Margareta]] |- | 88415 | 88200 | [[Sanctus Stephanus ultra Mosellam]] |- | 88416 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Genesius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Genesius]] |- | 88417 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Gorgonius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Gorgonius]] |- | 88419 | 88210 | [[Saint-Jean-d'Ormont]] |- | 88421 | 88410 | [[Sanctus Iulianus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Iulianus]] |- | 88423 | 88650 | [[Sanctus Leonardus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Leonardus]] |- | 88425 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Mauricius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Mauricius]] |- | 88426 | 88560 | [[Saint-Maurice-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88427 | 88170 | [[Sanctus Memmius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Memmius]] |- | 88428 | 88470 | [[Saint-Michel-sur-Meurthe]] |- | 88429 | 88200 | [[Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)|Sanctus Nabor]] |- | 88430 | 88140 | [[Sanctus Audoenus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Audoenus]] |- | 88431 | 88170 | [[Sanctus Paulus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Paulus]] |- | 88432 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Petrimons]] |- | 88433 | 88500 | [[Sanctus Pancratius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Pancratius]] |- | 88434 | 88800 | [[Sancti Remigii Mons (Vosegus)|Sancti Remigii Mons]] |- | 88435 | 88480 | [[Sanctus Remigius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Remigius]] |- | 88436 | 88210 | [[Sanctus Stephanus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Stephanus]] |- | 88437 | 88270 | [[Sanctus Valerius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Valerius]] |- | 88438 | 88470 | [[La Salle (Vosegus)|La Salle]] |- | 88439 | 88390 | [[Sanchey]] |- | 88440 | 88170 | [[Sandaucuria]] |- | 88441 | 88260 | [[Sans-Vallois]] |- | 88442 | 88120 | [[Sapois (Vosegus)|Sapois]] |- | 88443 | 88300 | [[Sartes]] |- | 88444 | 88210 | [[Le Saulcy]] |- | 88445 | 88580 | [[Salicetum (Vosegus)|Salicetum]] |- | 88446 | 88140 | [[Salsurae (Vosegus)|Salsurae]] |- | 88447 | 88290 | [[Salsuriae]] |- | 88448 | 88140 | [[Seivilla]] |- | 88449 | 88130 | [[Saviniacum (Vosegus)|Saviniacum]] |- | 88450 | 88320 | [[Senagda]] |- | 88451 | 88210 | [[Senonia (Vosegus)|Senonia]] |- | 88452 | 88260 | [[Senonges]] |- | 88453 | 88630 | [[Seromons]] |- | 88454 | 88600 | [[Sarcus (Vosegus)|Sarcus]] |- | 88455 | 88320 | [[Sirecuria]] |- | 88456 | 88320 | [[Serocourt]] |- | 88457 | 88630 | [[Seona (Vosegus)|Seona]] |- | 88458 | 88130 | [[Solicuria]] |- | 88459 | 88170 | [[Soncuria]] |- | 88460 | 88630 | [[Solicia]] |- | 88461 | 88140 | [[Serewavilla]] |- | 88462 | 88120 | [[Le Syndicat]] |- | 88463 | 88100 | [[Tinctorivus]] |- | 88464 | 88460 | [[Tendon (Vosegus)|Tendon]] |- | 88465 | 88150 | [[Tado]] |- | 88466 | 88800 | [[Tillia]] |- | 88467 | 88290 | [[Thiéfosse]] |- | 88468 | 88160 | [[Le Thillot]] |- | 88469 | 88500 | [[Tirocuria]] |- | 88470 | 88530 | [[Le Tholy]] |- | 88471 | 88410 | [[Les Thons]] |- | 88472 | 88260 | [[Thuillières]] |- | 88473 | 88320 | [[Tignécourt]] |- | 88474 | 88300 | [[Tellum (Vosegus)|Tellum]] |- | 88475 | 88320 | [[Toteleni curtis]] |- | 88476 | 88500 | [[Totoni villa]] |- | 88477 | 88350 | [[Trampodium]] |- | 88478 | 88300 | [[Tranculfi villa]] |- | 88479 | 88240 | [[Trémonzey]] |- | 88480 | 88130 | [[Ubexy]] |- | 88481 | 88220 | [[Uriménil]] |- | 88482 | 88140 | [[Eurivilla]] |- | 88483 | 88390 | [[Ursiniacum]] |- | 88484 | 88220 | [[Usminga]] |- | 88485 | 88140 | [[La Vacheresse-et-la-Rouillie]] |- | 88486 | 88120 | [[Vainiacum]] |- | 88487 | 88340 | [[Le Val-d'Ajol]] |- | 88488 | 88270 | [[Valefridicurtis]] |- | 88489 | 88270 | [[Vallis Regia (Vosegus)|Vallis Regia]] |- | 88490 | 88800 | [[Vallis Regia Sicca]] |- | 88491 | 88260 | [[Tres Valesii]] |- | 88492 | 88230 | [[Le Valtin]] |- | 88493 | 88450 | [[Varmonzey]] |- | 88494 | 88500 | [[Vaubexy]] |- | 88495 | 88000 | [[Waldinivilla]] |- | 88496 | 88140 | [[Valdonis curtis (Vosegus)|Valdonis curtis]] |- | 88497 | 88330 | [[Wauxoncuria]] |- | 88498 | 88200 | [[Vecoux]] |- | 88499 | 88270 | [[Velotte-et-Tatignécourt]] |- | 88500 | 88310 | [[Ventron]] |- | 88501 | 88210 | [[Le Vermont]] |- | 88502 | 88600 | [[Vervezelle]] |- | 88503 | 88110 | [[Vexaincourt]] |- | 88504 | 88170 | [[Vicherey]] |- | 88505 | 88430 | [[Vienville]] |- | 88506 | 88210 | [[Vieux-Moulin (Vosegus)|Vieux-Moulin]] |- | 88507 | 88500 | [[Villers (Vosegus)|Villers]] |- | 88508 | 88270 | [[Ville-sur-Illon]] |- | 88509 | 88150 | [[Villoncourt]] |- | 88510 | 88320 | [[Villotte]] |- | 88511 | 88350 | [[Villouxel]] |- | 88512 | 88600 | [[Viménil]] |- | 88513 | 88450 | [[Vincey]] |- | 88514 | 88170 | [[Viocourt]] |- | 88515 | 88260 | [[Vioménil]] |- | 88516 | 88800 | [[Vittel]] |- | 88517 | 88260 | [[Vivarium (Vosegus)|Vivarium]] |- | 88518 | 88500 | [[Viverium]] |- | 88519 | 88470 | [[La Voivre (Vosegus)|La Voivre]] |- | 88520 | 88240 | [[Les Voivres]] |- | 88521 | 88700 | [[Vomécourt]] |- | 88522 | 88500 | [[Vomécourt-sur-Madon]] |- | 88523 | 88170 | [[Vouxey]] |- | 88524 | 88140 | [[Vrécourt]] |- | 88525 | 88500 | [[Vroville]] |- | 88526 | 88520 | [[Wisembach]] |- | 88527 | 88700 | [[Xaffévillers]] |- | 88528 | 88460 | [[Xamontarupt]] |- | 88529 | 88130 | [[Xaronval]] |- | 88530 | 88220 | [[Scatiniacum]] |- | 88531 | 88400 | [[Xonrupt-Longemer]] |- | 88532 | 88330 | [[Zincourt]] |} {{Indices communium praefecturarum Franciae}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi|!]] 3jwbpe9efyfp3c5o6tn96g1nbr0d5rj 3983128 3982881 2026-08-22T10:16:41Z Pippobuono 54500 nomen latinum 3983128 wikitext text/x-wiki Hic est index [[commune|communium]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] praefecturae [[Francia|Francicae]], cui subsunt communia 515 numero. [[Fasciculus:Vosges-Position.png|thumb|Situs praefecturae]] [[Fasciculus: Senones vu du Petit Paris.jpg|thumb|Despectus in ''[[ Senones ]]'']] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 88001 | 88270 | [[Les Ableuvenettes]] |- | 88002 | 88500 | [[Ahéville]] |- | 88003 | 88140 | [[Aingeville]] |- | 88004 | 88320 | [[Ainvelle (Vosegus)|Ainvelle]] |- | 88005 | 88110 | [[Allarmont]] |- | 88006 | 88500 | [[Ambacuria]] |- | 88007 | 88410 | [[Ameuvelle]] |- | 88008 | 88700 | [[Anglemont]] |- | 88009 | 88650 | [[Anould]] |- | 88010 | 88170 | [[Aouze]] |- | 88011 | 88380 | [[Arches (Vosegus)|Arches]] |- | 88012 | 88380 | [[Archettes]] |- | 88013 | 88170 | [[Aroffe]] |- | 88014 | 88430 | [[Arrentès-de-Corcieux]] |- | 88015 | 88300 | [[Attignéville]] |- | 88016 | 88260 | [[Attigny (Vosegus)|Attigny]] |- | 88017 | 88300 | [[Aulnois]] |- | 88018 | 88640 | [[Aumontzey]] |- | 88019 | 88300 | [[Autigny-la-Tour]] |- | 88020 | 88300 | [[Autreville (Vosegus)|Autreville]] |- | 88021 | 88700 | [[Autrey (Vosegus)|Autrey]] |- | 88022 | 88140 | [[Auzainvilliers]] |- | 88023 | 88500 | [[Avillers (Vosegus)|Avillers]] |- | 88024 | 88130 | [[Avrainville (Vosegus)|Avrainville]] |- | 88025 | 88630 | [[Avranville]] |- | 88026 | 88600 | [[Aydoilles]] |- | 88027 | 88330 | [[Badménil-aux-Bois]] |- | 88028 | 88460 | [[La Baffe]] |- | 88029 | 88240 | [[Bains-les-Bains]] |- | 88030 | 88270 | [[Bainville-aux-Saules]] |- | 88031 | 88170 | [[Balléville]] |- | 88032 | 88520 | [[Ban-de-Laveline]] |- | 88033 | 88210 | [[Ban-de-Sapt]] |- | 88106 | 88230 | [[Ban-sur-Meurthe-Clefcy]] |- | 88035 | 88640 | [[Barbey-Seroux]] |- | 88036 | 88300 | [[Barville (Vosegus)|Barville]] |- | 88037 | 88120 | [[Basse-sur-le-Rupt]] |- | 88038 | 88130 | [[Battexey]] |- | 88039 | 88500 | [[Baudricourt]] |- | 88040 | 88150 | [[Bayecourt]] |- | 88041 | 88270 | [[Bazegney]] |- | 88042 | 88700 | [[Bazien]] |- | 88043 | 88500 | [[Bazoilles-et-Ménil]] |- | 88044 | 88300 | [[Bazoilles-sur-Meuse]] |- | 88045 | 88300 | [[Beaufremont]] |- | 88046 | 88600 | [[Beauménil]] |- | 88047 | 88270 | [[Begnécourt]] |- | 88048 | 88370 | [[Bellefontaine (Vosegus)|Bellefontaine]] |- | 88049 | 88260 | [[Belmont-lès-Darney]] |- | 88050 | 88600 | [[Belmont-sur-Buttant]] |- | 88051 | 88800 | [[Belmont-sur-Vair]] |- | 88052 | 88260 | [[Belrupt]] |- | 88053 | 88210 | [[Belval (Vosegus)|Belval]] |- | 88054 | 88520 | [[Bertrimoutier]] |- | 88055 | 88450 | [[Bettegney-Saint-Brice]] |- | 88056 | 88500 | [[Bettoncourt]] |- | 88057 | 88490 | [[Le Beulay]] |- | 88058 | 88170 | [[Biécourt]] |- | 88059 | 88430 | [[Biffontaine]] |- | 88060 | 88500 | [[Blémerey (Vosegus)|Blémerey]] |- | 88061 | 88410 | [[Bleurville]] |- | 88062 | 88320 | [[Blevaincourt]] |- | 88063 | 88270 | [[Bocquegney]] |- | 88064 | 88600 | [[Bois-de-Champ]] |- | 88065 | 88260 | [[Bonvillet]] |- | 88066 | 88500 | [[Boulaincourt]] |- | 88068 | 88470 | [[La Bourgonce]] |- | 88069 | 88270 | [[Bouxières-aux-Bois]] |- | 88070 | 88130 | [[Bouxurulles]] |- | 88071 | 88270 | [[Bouzemont]] |- | 88073 | 88130 | [[Brantigny]] |- | 88074 | 88350 | [[Brechainville]] |- | 88075 | 88250 | [[La Bresse]] |- | 88076 | 88600 | [[Brouvelieures]] |- | 88077 | 88700 | [[Brû]] |- | 88078 | 88600 | [[Bruyères]] |- | 88079 | 88140 | [[Boloniacivilla]] |- | 88080 | 88700 | [[Bult]] |- | 88081 | 88540 | [[Bussang]] |- | 88082 | 88110 | [[Celles-sur-Plaine]] |- | 88083 | 88300 | [[Certilleux]] |- | 88084 | 88130 | [[Chamagne]] |- | 88085 | 88640 | [[Champdray]] |- | 88086 | 88600 | [[Ducis Campus|Champ-le-Duc]] |- | 88087 | 88000 | [[Chantraine (commune)|Chantraine]] |- | 88088 | 88240 | [[La Chapelle-aux-Bois]] |- | 88089 | 88600 | [[La Chapelle-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88090 | 88130 | [[Carpinia]] |- | 88091 | 88460 | [[Charmois-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88092 | 88270 | [[Charmois-l'Orgueilleux]] |- | 88093 | 88210 | [[Châtas]] |- | 88094 | 88330 | [[Châtel-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88095 | 88170 | [[Châtenois (Vosegus)|Châtenois]] |- | 88096 | 88410 | [[Châtillon-sur-Saône]] |- | 88097 | 88500 | [[Chauffecourt]] |- | 88098 | 88390 | [[Chaumousey]] |- | 88099 | 88150 | [[Chavelot]] |- | 88100 | 88500 | [[Chef-Haut]] |- | 88101 | 88460 | [[Cheniménil]] |- | 88102 | 88630 | [[Chermisey]] |- | 88103 | 88270 | [[Circourt]] |- | 88104 | 88300 | [[Circourt-sur-Mouzon]] |- | 88105 | 88410 | [[Claudon]] |- | 88107 | 88630 | [[Clérey-la-Côte]] |- | 88108 | 88240 | [[Le Clerjus]] |- | 88109 | 88120 | [[Cleurie]] |- | 88110 | 88700 | [[Clézentaine]] |- | 88111 | 88100 | [[Coinches]] |- | 88113 | 88490 | [[Combrimont]] |- | 88114 | 88140 | [[Gundrecivilla]] |- | 88115 | 88430 | [[Corcieux]] |- | 88116 | 88310 | [[Cornimont]] |- | 88117 | 88170 | [[Courcelles-sous-Châtenois]] |- | 88118 | 88630 | [[Cussiacum (Vosegus)|Cussiacum]] |- | 88119 | 88140 | [[Crainvilliers]] |- | 88120 | 88520 | [[La Croix-aux-Mines]] |- | 88121 | 88330 | [[Damas-aux-Bois]] |- | 88122 | 88270 | [[Damas-et-Bettegney]] |- | 88123 | 88320 | [[Damblain]] |- | 88124 | 88260 | [[Darney]] |- | 88125 | 88170 | [[Darney-aux-Chênes]] |- | 88126 | 88390 | [[Darnieulles]] |- | 88127 | 88700 | [[Deinvillers]] |- | 88128 | 88210 | [[Denipaire]] |- | 88129 | 88270 | [[Derbamont]] |- | 88130 | 88600 | [[Destord]] |- | 88131 | 88600 | [[Deycimont]] |- | 88132 | 88000 | [[Deyvillers]] |- | 88133 | 88000 | [[Dignonville]] |- | 88134 | 88000 | [[Dinozé]] |- | 88135 | 88460 | [[Docelles]] |- | 88136 | 88000 | [[Dogneville]] |- | 88137 | 88170 | [[Dolaincourt]] |- | 88138 | 88260 | [[Dombasle-devant-Darney]] |- | 88139 | 88500 | [[Dombasle-en-Xaintois]] |- | 88140 | 88140 | [[Dombrot-le-Sec]] |- | 88141 | 88170 | [[Dombrot-sur-Vair]] |- | 88144 | 88500 | [[Domèvre-sous-Montfort]] |- | 88142 | 88390 | [[Domèvre-sur-Avière]] |- | 88143 | 88330 | [[Domèvre-sur-Durbion]] |- | 88145 | 88600 | [[Domfaing]] |- | 88146 | 88800 | [[Domjulien]] |- | 88147 | 88390 | [[Dommartin-aux-Bois]] |- | 88148 | 88200 | [[Domnus Martinus (Romaricus Mons)]] |- | 88149 | 88260 | [[Dommartin-lès-Vallois]] |- | 88150 | 88170 | [[Dommartin-sur-Vraine]] |- | 88151 | 88270 | [[Donoparium]] |- | 88152 | 88600 | [[Dompierre (Vosegus)|Dompierre]] |- | 88153 | 88700 | [[Domptail]] |- | 88154 | 88630 | [[Domnum Remigium]] |- | 88155 | 88500 | [[Domvallier]] |- | 88156 | 88700 | [[Doncières]] |- | 88157 | 88220 | [[Dounoux]] |- | 88158 | 88510 | [[Éloyes]] |- | 88159 | 88650 | [[Entre-deux-Eaux]] |- | 88160 | 88000 | [[Spinalium]] |- | 88161 | 88260 | [[Escles]] |- | 88162 | 88260 | [[Esley]] |- | 88163 | 88130 | [[Essegney]] |- | 88164 | 88500 | [[Estrennes]] |- | 88165 | 88480 | [[Étival-Clairefontaine]] |- | 88166 | 88450 | [[Évaux-et-Ménil]] |- | 88167 | 88460 | [[Faucompierre]] |- | 88168 | 88700 | [[Fauconcourt]] |- | 88169 | 88600 | [[Fays (Vosegus)|Fays]] |- | 88170 | 88360 | [[Ferdrupt]] |- | 88171 | 88410 | [[Fignévelle]] |- | 88172 | 88600 | [[Fiménil]] |- | 88173 | 88130 | [[Florémont]] |- | 88174 | 88390 | [[Fomerey]] |- | 88175 | 88600 | [[Fontenay (Vosegus)|Fontenay]] |- | 88176 | 88240 | [[Fontiniacum]] |- | 88177 | 88530 | [[La Forge (Vosegus)|La Forge]] |- | 88178 | 88390 | [[Les Forges (Vosegus)|Les Forges]] |- | 88179 | 88320 | [[Fouchécourt (Vosegus)|Fouchécourt]] |- | 88180 | 88320 | [[Frain]] |- | 88181 | 88230 | [[Fraize]] |- | 88182 | 88490 | [[Frapelle]] |- | 88183 | 88630 | [[Frebécourt]] |- | 88184 | 88600 | [[Fremifontaine]] |- | 88185 | 88500 | [[Frenelle-la-Grande]] |- | 88186 | 88500 | [[Frenelle-la-Petite]] |- | 88187 | 88270 | [[Frénois (Vosegus)|Frénois]] |- | 88188 | 88160 | [[Fresse-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88189 | 88350 | [[Fréville (Vosegus)|Fréville]] |- | 88190 | 88440 | [[Frizon]] |- | 88192 | 88270 | [[Gelvécourt-et-Adompt]] |- | 88193 | 88520 | [[Gemaingoutte]] |- | 88194 | 88170 | [[Gemmelaincourt]] |- | 88195 | 88140 | [[Gendreville]] |- | 88196 | 88400 | [[Gérardmer]] |- | 88197 | 88120 | [[Gerbamont]] |- | 88198 | 88430 | [[Gerbépal]] |- | 88199 | 88320 | [[Gignéville]] |- | 88200 | 88390 | [[Gigney]] |- | 88201 | 88390 | [[Girancourt]] |- | 88202 | 88500 | [[Gircourt-lès-Viéville]] |- | 88203 | 88600 | [[Girecourt-sur-Durbion]] |- | 88205 | 88340 | [[Girmont-Val-d'Ajol]] |- | 88206 | 88170 | [[Gironcourt-sur-Vraine]] |- | 88208 | 88410 | [[Godoncourt]] |- | 88209 | 88190 | [[Golbey]] |- | 88210 | 88270 | [[Gorhey]] |- | 88212 | 88350 | [[Grand (Vosegus)|Grand]] |- | 88213 | 88490 | [[Magna Fossa]] |- | 88215 | 88210 | [[Grandrupt]] |- | 88214 | 88240 | [[Grandrupt-de-Bains]] |- | 88216 | 88600 | [[Grandvillers]] |- | 88218 | 88640 | [[Granges-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88219 | 88630 | [[Greux]] |- | 88220 | 88410 | [[Grignoncourt]] |- | 88221 | 88240 | [[Gruey-lès-Surance]] |- | 88222 | 88600 | [[Gugnécourt]] |- | 88223 | 88450 | [[Gugney-aux-Aulx]] |- | 88224 | 88330 | [[Hadigny-les-Verrières]] |- | 88225 | 88220 | [[Hadol]] |- | 88226 | 88270 | [[Hagécourt]] |- | 88227 | 88300 | [[Hagnéville-et-Roncourt]] |- | 88228 | 88330 | [[Haillainville]] |- | 88229 | 88300 | [[Harchéchamp]] |- | 88230 | 88700 | [[Hardancourt]] |- | 88231 | 88800 | [[Haréville]] |- | 88232 | 88300 | [[Harmonville]] |- | 88233 | 88270 | [[Harol]] |- | 88234 | 88240 | [[Harsault]] |- | 88235 | 88240 | [[Hautmougey]] |- | 88236 | 88240 | [[La Haye (Vosegus)|La Haye]] |- | 88237 | 88270 | [[Hennecourt]] |- | 88238 | 88260 | [[Hennezel]] |- | 88239 | 88130 | [[Hergugney]] |- | 88240 | 88600 | [[Herpelmont]] |- | 88241 | 88170 | [[Houécourt]] |- | 88242 | 88300 | [[Houéville]] |- | 88243 | 88700 | [[Housseras]] |- | 88244 | 88430 | [[La Houssière]] |- | 88245 | 88210 | [[Hurbache]] |- | 88246 | 88500 | [[Hymont]] |- | 88247 | 88150 | [[Igney (Vosegus)|Igney]] |- | 88248 | 88320 | [[Isches]] |- | 88249 | 88300 | [[Jainvillotte]] |- | 88250 | 88550 | [[Jarménil]] |- | 88251 | 88700 | [[Jeanménil]] |- | 88252 | 88260 | [[Jésonville]] |- | 88253 | 88000 | [[Jeuxey]] |- | 88254 | 88500 | [[Jorxey]] |- | 88255 | 88630 | [[Jubainville]] |- | 88256 | 88640 | [[Jussarupt]] |- | 88257 | 88500 | [[Juvaincourt]] |- | 88258 | 88320 | [[Marchia (Vosegus)|Marchia]] |- | 88259 | 88300 | [[Landaville]] |- | 88260 | 88130 | [[Langley (Vosegus)|Langley]] |- | 88261 | 88600 | [[Laval-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88262 | 88600 | [[Laveline-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88263 | 88640 | [[Laveline-du-Houx]] |- | 88264 | 88270 | [[Légéville-et-Bonfays]] |- | 88265 | 88300 | [[Lemmecuria]] |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 88266 | 88600 | [[Lépanges-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88267 | 88260 | [[Larino]] |- | 88268 | 88490 | [[Lesseux]] |- | 88269 | 88400 | [[Liézey]] |- | 88270 | 88350 | [[Liffodium]] |- | 88271 | 88800 | [[Legisvilla]] |- | 88272 | 88410 | [[Lyroncuria]] |- | 88273 | 88000 | [[Longus Campus (Vosegus)|Longus Campus]] |- | 88274 | 88170 | [[Longus Campus subtus Castinetum]] |- | 88275 | 88490 | [[Lubine]] |- | 88276 | 88490 | [[Lussia]] |- | 88277 | 88110 | [[Luviniacus]] |- | 88278 | 88170 | [[Macuncurtis]] |- | 88279 | 88270 | [[Madecuria]] |- | 88280 | 88450 | [[Maldisinum]] |- | 88281 | 88270 | [[Madonne-et-Lamerey]] |- | 88283 | 88140 | [[Malini curia]] |- | 88284 | 88650 | [[Mandray]] |- | 88285 | 88800 | [[Manderae]] |- | 88286 | 88130 | [[Mareinvilla]] |- | 88287 | 88320 | [[Mariacum (Vosegus)|Mariacum]] |- | 88288 | 88270 | [[Monroniscurtis]] |- | 88289 | 88320 | [[Martiniacum (Vosegus)|Martiniacum]] |- | 88290 | 88300 | [[Martigny-les-Gerbonvaux]] |- | 88291 | 88410 | [[Martinvelle]] |- | 88292 | 88500 | [[Mataincuria]] |- | 88293 | 88630 | [[Maxey-sur-Meuse]] |- | 88294 | 88150 | [[Mazeley]] |- | 88295 | 88500 | [[Maceriolae]] |- | 88296 | 88140 | [[Madonis villa]] |- | 88297 | 88600 | [[Méménil]] |- | 88298 | 88700 | [[Menardi Mons]] |- | 88302 | 88160 | [[Le Ménil]] |- | 88300 | 88210 | [[Ménil-de-Senones]] |- | 88299 | 88500 | [[Mansile in Sanctesio]] |- | 88301 | 88700 | [[Ménil-sur-Belvitte]] |- | 88303 | 88630 | [[Mudrevallis]] |- | 88304 | 88500 | [[Mirecurtium]] |- | 88305 | 88630 | [[Moncel-sur-Vair]] |- | 88306 | 88210 | [[Le Mont]] |- | 88309 | 88800 | [[Monthureux-le-Sec]] |- | 88310 | 88410 | [[Monthureux-sur-Saône]] |- | 88307 | 88320 | [[Mont-lès-Lamarche]] |- | 88308 | 88300 | [[Montes ante Novum Castrum]] |- | 88311 | 88240 | [[Montmotier]] |- | 88312 | 88170 | [[Morelli Domus]] |- | 88313 | 88330 | [[Murini villa]] |- | 88314 | 88320 | [[Morizécourt]] |- | 88315 | 88600 | [[Mors Agni]] |- | 88316 | 88140 | [[Maurivilla]] |- | 88317 | 88210 | [[Moussey (Vosegus)|Moussey]] |- | 88318 | 88700 | [[Medius Mons (Vosegus)|Medius Mons]] |- | 88319 | 88420 | [[Medianum Monasterium]] |- | 88320 | 88100 | [[Nayemont-les-Fosses]] |- | 88321 | 88300 | [[Neocastrum (Francia)|Neocastrum]] |- | 88322 | 88600 | [[La Neuveville-devant-Lépanges]] |- | 88324 | 88170 | [[La Neuveville-sous-Châtenois]] |- | 88325 | 88800 | [[La Neuveville-sous-Montfort]] |- | 88326 | 88100 | [[Neuvillers-sur-Fave]] |- | 88327 | 88440 | [[Nomexy]] |- | 88328 | 88470 | [[Nompardivilla]] |- | 88330 | 88260 | [[Novilla (Vosegus)|Novilla]] |- | 88331 | 88600 | [[Nontiavilla]] |- | 88332 | 88800 | [[Noretum]] |- | 88333 | 88700 | [[Nossoncourt]] |- | 88334 | 88500 | [[Ollevilla]] |- | 88335 | 88500 | [[Offroicourt]] |- | 88336 | 88170 | [[Audoleni villa]] |- | 88338 | 88700 | [[Ortonis curia]] |- | 88340 | 88700 | [[Padua (Vosegus)|Padua]] |- | 88341 | 88100 | [[Pair-et-Grandrupt]] |- | 88342 | 88330 | [[Pallegney]] |- | 88343 | 88800 | [[Paretum (Vosegus)|Paretum]] |- | 88344 | 88350 | [[Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem]] |- | 88345 | 88490 | [[La Petite-Fosse]] |- | 88346 | 88210 | [[La Petite-Raon]] |- | 88347 | 88270 | [[Petraficta (Vosegus)|Petraficta]] |- | 88348 | 88600 | [[Petreus Pons]] |- | 88349 | 88230 | [[Plenifesium]] |- | 88350 | 88170 | [[Pluvesia]] |- | 88351 | 88370 | [[Plumberae]] |- | 88352 | 88300 | [[Pomperra (Vosegus)|Pomperra]] |- | 88353 | 88260 | [[Pons iuxta Undinovilla]] |- | 88354 | 88500 | [[Pont-sur-Madon]] |- | 88355 | 88330 | [[Portus Caelorum]] |- | 88356 | 88600 | [[Les Poulières]] |- | 88357 | 88500 | [[Portus Suavis]] |- | 88358 | 88550 | [[Pouxeux]] |- | 88359 | 88600 | [[Prey (Vosegus)|Prey]] |- | 88360 | 88260 | [[Provenchères-lès-Darney]] |- | 88361 | 88490 | [[Provenchères-et-Colroy]] |- | 88362 | 88210 | [[Le Puid]] |- | 88363 | 88630 | [[Purneretum]] |- | 88364 | 88500 | [[Puzieux (Vosegus)|Puzieux]] |- | 88365 | 88270 | [[Racécourt]] |- | 88366 | 88170 | [[Radalli villa]] |- | 88367 | 88700 | [[Rambervilleriae]] |- | 88368 | 88500 | [[Rancuria]] |- | 88369 | 88160 | [[Romarici campus]] |- | 88370 | 88270 | [[Radonis curtis]] |- | 88371 | 88220 | [[Rapo ad Silvas]] |- | 88372 | 88110 | [[Rapo ad Stationem]] |- | 88373 | 88110 | [[Raon-sur-Plaine]] |- | 88374 | 88130 | [[Rapey]] |- | 88375 | 88520 | [[Raves (Vosegus)|Raves]] |- | 88376 | 88300 | [[Ribovilla]] |- | 88377 | 88410 | [[Rainharii villa]] |- | 88378 | 88450 | [[Regney]] |- | 88379 | 88330 | [[Ranconis curtis]] |- | 88380 | 88640 | [[Rehaupal]] |- | 88381 | 88260 | [[Relangia]] |- | 88382 | 88500 | [[Rimacuria]] |- | 88383 | 88200 | [[Romarici Mons]] |- | 88386 | 88100 | [[Remomeix]] |- | 88385 | 88800 | [[Romulficuria]] |- | 88387 | 88170 | [[Ramaldi villa]] |- | 88388 | 88390 | [[Renauvoid]] |- | 88389 | 88500 | [[Reparium]] |- | 88390 | 88320 | [[Roberticuria]] |- | 88391 | 88120 | [[Rochesson]] |- | 88394 | 88320 | [[Romania ad Silvas]] |- | 88395 | 88700 | [[Rotmundum]] |- | 88398 | 88600 | [[Les Rouges-Eaux]] |- | 88399 | 88460 | [[Le Roulier]] |- | 88400 | 88500 | [[Ruvera in Sanctesio]] |- | 88401 | 88170 | [[Roverium (Vosegus)|Roverium]] |- | 88402 | 88700 | [[Rovilla ad Quercus]] |- | 88403 | 88500 | [[Roserota]] |- | 88404 | 88320 | [[Roseriae supra Mosunam]] |- | 88406 | 88130 | [[Rugney]] |- | 88407 | 88630 | [[Ruppes]] |- | 88408 | 88360 | [[Rupt-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88409 | 88120 | [[Saint-Amé]] |- | 88411 | 88260 | [[Sanctus Basolimons]] |- | 88412 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Benedictus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Benedictus]] |- | 88413 | 88100 | [[Sanctus Deodatus (urbs)|Sanctus Deodatus]] |- | 88410 | 88700 | [[Sancta Barbara (Vosegus)|Sancta Barbara]] |- | 88418 | 88700 | [[Sancta Helena (Vosegus)|Sancta Helena]] |- | 88424 | 88100 | [[Sancta Margareta (Vosegus)|Sancta Margareta]] |- | 88415 | 88200 | [[Sanctus Stephanus ultra Mosellam]] |- | 88416 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Genesius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Genesius]] |- | 88417 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Gorgonius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Gorgonius]] |- | 88419 | 88210 | [[Saint-Jean-d'Ormont]] |- | 88421 | 88410 | [[Sanctus Iulianus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Iulianus]] |- | 88423 | 88650 | [[Sanctus Leonardus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Leonardus]] |- | 88425 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Mauricius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Mauricius]] |- | 88426 | 88560 | [[Saint-Maurice-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88427 | 88170 | [[Sanctus Memmius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Memmius]] |- | 88428 | 88470 | [[Saint-Michel-sur-Meurthe]] |- | 88429 | 88200 | [[Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)|Sanctus Nabor]] |- | 88430 | 88140 | [[Sanctus Audoenus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Audoenus]] |- | 88431 | 88170 | [[Sanctus Paulus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Paulus]] |- | 88432 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Petrimons]] |- | 88433 | 88500 | [[Sanctus Pancratius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Pancratius]] |- | 88434 | 88800 | [[Sancti Remigii Mons (Vosegus)|Sancti Remigii Mons]] |- | 88435 | 88480 | [[Sanctus Remigius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Remigius]] |- | 88436 | 88210 | [[Sanctus Stephanus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Stephanus]] |- | 88437 | 88270 | [[Sanctus Valerius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Valerius]] |- | 88438 | 88470 | [[La Salle (Vosegus)|La Salle]] |- | 88439 | 88390 | [[Sanchey]] |- | 88440 | 88170 | [[Sandaucuria]] |- | 88441 | 88260 | [[Sans-Vallois]] |- | 88442 | 88120 | [[Sapois (Vosegus)|Sapois]] |- | 88443 | 88300 | [[Sartes]] |- | 88444 | 88210 | [[Le Saulcy]] |- | 88445 | 88580 | [[Salicetum (Vosegus)|Salicetum]] |- | 88446 | 88140 | [[Salsurae (Vosegus)|Salsurae]] |- | 88447 | 88290 | [[Salsuriae]] |- | 88448 | 88140 | [[Seivilla]] |- | 88449 | 88130 | [[Saviniacum (Vosegus)|Saviniacum]] |- | 88450 | 88320 | [[Senagda]] |- | 88451 | 88210 | [[Senonia (Vosegus)|Senonia]] |- | 88452 | 88260 | [[Senonges]] |- | 88453 | 88630 | [[Seromons]] |- | 88454 | 88600 | [[Sarcus (Vosegus)|Sarcus]] |- | 88455 | 88320 | [[Sirecuria]] |- | 88456 | 88320 | [[Serocourt]] |- | 88457 | 88630 | [[Seona (Vosegus)|Seona]] |- | 88458 | 88130 | [[Solicuria]] |- | 88459 | 88170 | [[Soncuria]] |- | 88460 | 88630 | [[Solicia]] |- | 88461 | 88140 | [[Serewavilla]] |- | 88462 | 88120 | [[Le Syndicat]] |- | 88463 | 88100 | [[Tinctorivus]] |- | 88464 | 88460 | [[Tendon (Vosegus)|Tendon]] |- | 88465 | 88150 | [[Tado]] |- | 88466 | 88800 | [[Tillia]] |- | 88467 | 88290 | [[Thiéfosse]] |- | 88468 | 88160 | [[Le Thillot]] |- | 88469 | 88500 | [[Tirocuria]] |- | 88470 | 88530 | [[Le Tholy]] |- | 88471 | 88410 | [[Les Thons]] |- | 88472 | 88260 | [[Thuillières]] |- | 88473 | 88320 | [[Tignécourt]] |- | 88474 | 88300 | [[Tellum (Vosegus)|Tellum]] |- | 88475 | 88320 | [[Toteleni curtis]] |- | 88476 | 88500 | [[Totoni villa]] |- | 88477 | 88350 | [[Trampodium]] |- | 88478 | 88300 | [[Tranculfi villa]] |- | 88479 | 88240 | [[Trémonzey]] |- | 88480 | 88130 | [[Ubexy]] |- | 88481 | 88220 | [[Uriménil]] |- | 88482 | 88140 | [[Eurivilla]] |- | 88483 | 88390 | [[Ursiniacum]] |- | 88484 | 88220 | [[Usminga]] |- | 88485 | 88140 | [[La Vacheresse-et-la-Rouillie]] |- | 88486 | 88120 | [[Vainiacum]] |- | 88487 | 88340 | [[Le Val-d'Ajol]] |- | 88488 | 88270 | [[Valefridicurtis]] |- | 88489 | 88270 | [[Vallis Regia (Vosegus)|Vallis Regia]] |- | 88490 | 88800 | [[Vallis Regia Sicca]] |- | 88491 | 88260 | [[Tres Valesii]] |- | 88492 | 88230 | [[Le Valtin]] |- | 88493 | 88450 | [[Varmonzey]] |- | 88494 | 88500 | [[Vaubexy]] |- | 88495 | 88000 | [[Waldinivilla]] |- | 88496 | 88140 | [[Valdonis curtis (Vosegus)|Valdonis curtis]] |- | 88497 | 88330 | [[Wauxoncuria]] |- | 88498 | 88200 | [[Vecoux]] |- | 88499 | 88270 | [[Velotte-et-Tatignécourt]] |- | 88500 | 88310 | [[Ventron]] |- | 88501 | 88210 | [[Le Vermont]] |- | 88502 | 88600 | [[Vervezelle]] |- | 88503 | 88110 | [[Vexaincourt]] |- | 88504 | 88170 | [[Vicherey]] |- | 88505 | 88430 | [[Vienville]] |- | 88506 | 88210 | [[Vieux-Moulin (Vosegus)|Vieux-Moulin]] |- | 88507 | 88500 | [[Villers (Vosegus)|Villers]] |- | 88508 | 88270 | [[Ville-sur-Illon]] |- | 88509 | 88150 | [[Villoncourt]] |- | 88510 | 88320 | [[Villotte]] |- | 88511 | 88350 | [[Villouxel]] |- | 88512 | 88600 | [[Viménil]] |- | 88513 | 88450 | [[Vincey]] |- | 88514 | 88170 | [[Viocourt]] |- | 88515 | 88260 | [[Vioménil]] |- | 88516 | 88800 | [[Vittel]] |- | 88517 | 88260 | [[Vivarium (Vosegus)|Vivarium]] |- | 88518 | 88500 | [[Viverium]] |- | 88519 | 88470 | [[La Voivre (Vosegus)|La Voivre]] |- | 88520 | 88240 | [[Les Voivres]] |- | 88521 | 88700 | [[Vomécourt]] |- | 88522 | 88500 | [[Vomécourt-sur-Madon]] |- | 88523 | 88170 | [[Vouxey]] |- | 88524 | 88140 | [[Vrécourt]] |- | 88525 | 88500 | [[Vroville]] |- | 88526 | 88520 | [[Wisembach]] |- | 88527 | 88700 | [[Xaffévillers]] |- | 88528 | 88460 | [[Xamontarupt]] |- | 88529 | 88130 | [[Xaronval]] |- | 88530 | 88220 | [[Scatiniacum]] |- | 88531 | 88400 | [[Xonrupt-Longemer]] |- | 88532 | 88330 | [[Zincourt]] |} {{Indices communium praefecturarum Franciae}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi|!]] 10xkczfhhss8xif93hi0b0r5jgqx1wu 0 125439 3983069 3571087 2026-08-22T01:17:46Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983069 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Garlasco_parrocchiale.jpg|thumb|Maior ecclesia Garlascensis]] '''Garlascum'''<ref>''DIZIONARIO GEOGRAFICO'' - Di GOFFREDO CASALIS, Voll. V.V., Torino 1833-1854</ref> {{victio|Garlascum|i|n}} (alia nomina: ''Garilassium'') {{victio|Garilassium|i|n}} ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Garlasco|Garlasco]]'') est [[Urbes Italiae|urbs]] [[Italia|Italica]] et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]] circiter 9878 incolarum, in [[Langobardia]] [[Regio Italiae|regione]], in [[Provincia Papiensis|Provincia Papiensi]], et in [[Laumellina]] [[historia|historica]] ac [[geographia|geographica]] regione sita. Incolae Garilassii ''Garlascenses'' vel ''Garilassenses'' appellantur. Haec civitas, una maiorum [[Laumellina]]e, nota est ob Sanctuarium Mariae Virginis Bozzolae, meta itinerum sacrorum quod [[quattuor]] chiliometris a media urbe stat. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di città.svg|''[[Urbs Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Geographia == Garlascum situm in media-orientale [[Laumellina]] est, paucum distans a laeva ripa [[flumen|rivi]] [[Terdopius|Terdopii]] et non remotum a valle fluminis [[Ticinus (flumen)|Ticini]]. Fines Garlascenses prope plane plani sunt, et in eis [[cultura]]e sunt risus, frugum, et frumenti. Eae proprietates finium sunt maiores causae continentalis humidi caeli urbis: per [[hiems|hiemem]] saepe nebula est, cum per [[aestas|aestatem]] aestus et caligines sint. == Historia == Mention urbis [[saeculum 10|saeculo decimo]] facta est: urbs anno [[981]] a [[Imperator]]e [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] [[Otto II (imperator)|Ottone II]] monasterio Sancti Salvatoris in Papia donata est. [[Saeculum 12|Saeculo duodecimo]], Garlascum factum est pars finium Papiae. Anno [[1436]], Guarnerius Castiglioni comes Garlasci a [[Philippus Maria Vicecomes|Philippo Maria Vicecomis]] factus est, et eos fines liberis suis dedit. Alphonsus Gaetanus Castiglioni, ab anno [[1774]] ad annum [[1797]], ultimus comes Garlasci fuit. Anno [[1818]], Garlasco additus est Vicus Aurelius et Sanctus Blasius. == Monumenta et lepidi loci == === Sacrae architecturae === ==== Ecclesia Sanctae Mariae Assumptae ==== [[Fasciculus:Garlasco - Church (inside).png|thumb|180px|Ecclesia Sanctae Mariae, internum]] In foro maiore magna ecclesia Garlasci est, Beatae Virgini Assumptae et Sancto Francisco Xaviero dedicata. Ea [[tres|tria]] spatia{{dubsig}} habet et magnificum [[tholus|tholum]]. [[Aedificium|Aedificata]] est inter annos [[1715]] et [[1783]] super reliquias pristinae ecclesiae Sanctae Mariae "intra muros," cuius vestigii in fundamentis sacrae [[turris]] manent. Frons anno [[1931]] confecta est, in qua tres aditus sunt. ==== Ecclesia Sancti Rochi ==== Haec ecclesia aedificata est [[saeculum 16|saeculo sexto decimo]] et post ecclesiam Sanctae Mariae Assumptae ponitur. Comes Iohannes Castiglioni eam anno 1570 aedificavit; multas artis operas habuerat cum, anno [[1813]], copiae Napoleonis eam diripuerunt. === Sanctuarium Virginis Bozzolae === [[Fasciculus:Garlasco MadonnaBozzola.jpg|thumb|Frons Sanctuarii Virginis Bozzolae]] Post prodigium sanctuarium aedificatum est circiter annum [[1600]]. Anno [[1662]], aedificata est sacra turris, et anno [[1720]] octangulus tholus. Anno [[1927]], sanctuario datus est titulus [[Basilica minor|Basilicae Minoris]]. Multa sunt itinera sacra et ligamena cum aliis sacris locis. === Civiles et militares architecturae === [[Fasciculus:Garlasco castello.jpg|thumb|Arx Garlasci]] Inter saecula [[saeculum 14|quartum decimum]] et [[saeculum 15|quintum decimum]], arx aedificata est et fit maiorum Laumellinae, deinde ''Propugnaculum Papiae'' dicta. Hodie modo turris remanetur post forum. == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Garlasco - Townhall.png|Municipium Fasciculus:Garlasco - Madonna.png|Virginis signum super ecclesia Sanctae Mariae Fasciculus:Garlasco - Church of San Rocco - Facade.jpg|Frons ecclesiae Sancti Rochi </gallery> <gallery> Fasciculus:Garlasco - Church of San Rocco - Inside.jpg|Internum ecclesiae Sancti Rochi Fasciculus:Garlasco - Church of San Rocco - Counter-facade.jpg|Frons interna ecclesiae Sancti Rochi Imago:Map of comune of Garlasco (province of Pavia, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Papiensi. Imago:Lomellina.GIF|Collocatio Agri Laumellini in Provincia Papiensi. </gallery> == Fractiones == * Bozzola, * San Biagio == Municipia finitima == * [[Graupellum]] vel [[Ripelium]], * [[Alania Laumellinorum]], * [[Burgus Sancti Syri]], * [[Durnae]]. * [[Tromellum]] * [[Gerbulum]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]], * [[Provincia Papiensis]], * [[Laumellina]], * [[Papia]], * [[Via Francigena]], * [[Urbs Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190920135906/http://www.comune.garlasco.pv.it/ Situs Publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Garlasco|Garlascum}} == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in Laumellina]] [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Papiae]] [[Categoria:Urbes Italiae in Langobardia]] 6qvduae0vg0j6pe80ia9my6wd15yuvx 0 130021 3983121 1774559 2026-08-22T06:06:43Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983121 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L}} '''''Historia novellamente ritrovata di due nobili amanti, con la pietosa loro morte intervenuta già nella città di Verona nel tempo del sig. Bartolommeo della Scala''''' est fabula romanica brevis a [[Ludovicus da Porto|Ludovico da Porto]] scripta et anno fere 1530, auctore nuper mortuo, divulgata. Ibi primum videtur, nominibus personarum fere eisdem, historia persimili, fabula quam [[Gulielmus Shakesperius]] in scaena Londiniensi sub titulo ''[[Romeo and Juliet]]'' anno circiter 1592 docuerit. [[Bartholomaeus della Scala]] [[Verona]]e regnavit inter annos 1301 et 1304. Nomina protagonistarum sunt [[Romeus (persona)|Romeo]], [[Iulietta (persona)|Giulietta]] et [[Laurentius de Regio|Lorenzo da Reggio]]. Textum a Ludovico da Porto compositum [[Matthaeus Bandello]] in collectaneo ''[[Novelle (Bandello)|Novelle]]'' anno 1554 retractavit (titulo renovato "''La sfortunata morte di due infelicissimi amanti, che l'uno di veleno, e l'altro di dolore morirono''"). Huius versio Francogallica (titulo "''Histoire ... de deux amants, dont l'un mourut de venin, l'autre de tristesse''") [[Petrus Boaistuau]] in collectaneo ''[[Histoires tragiques]]'' anno [[1559]] inclusit (quod opus partim ille, partim [[Franciscus de Belleforest]] confecerat). Historia de Romeo et Iulietta ex opere ''Histoires tragiques'' [[Gulielmus Painter]] [[Anglice]] vertit oratione soluta annoque [[1567]] divulgavit, titulo ''The Goodly Hystory of the True and Constant Love between Rhomeo and Julietta''; iam autem [[Arthurus Brooke]] in carmine verterat cuius titulus est ''[[The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet|The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Iuliet]]'', anno [[1562]] divulgatum. E lectura carminis a Brooke compositi [[Gulielmus Shakesperius]] anno fere 1592 ludum scaenicum suum ''[[Romeo and Juliet]]'' elaboravit. == Editiones == * c. 1530 : ''Historia novellamente ritrovata di due nobili amanti, con la pietosa loro morte intervenuta già nella città di Verona nel tempo del sig. Bartolommeo della Scala'' * 1831 : Alessandro Torri, ed., ''Giulietta e Romeo: novella storica di Luigi da Porto di Vicenza''. Pisis, 1831 {{Google Books|tO24EcaorAsC}} == Nexus externi == * [http://books.google.fr/books?id=tO24EcaorAsC Textus Ludovici da Porto] (vide pp. 15-55) * [http://books.google.fr/books?id=tO24EcaorAsC Textus Matthaei Bandello] (vide pp. 75-129) * [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k113057m/f74.image.r=boaistuau.langFR Versio P. Boaistuau] (vide ff. 37v-77r) * [http://www.archive.org/details/romeusandiuliet00broogoog Versio G. Painter] (vide pp. 93-144) * [http://www.archive.org/details/romeusandiuliet00broogoog Versio A. Brooke] (vide pp. 1-92) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230226153817/https://shakespeare-navigators.com/romeo/BrookeIndex.html Versio A. Brooke cum subsidiis] {{Nexus absunt}} [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 16]] [[Categoria:Litterae Italianae]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Mythistoriae]] [[Categoria:Romeus et Iulietta]] ga9kr5spkuh79y98doct3v1ganmtq74 0 130357 3982994 3764312 2026-08-21T21:21:56Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982994 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Miller and facius romeo and juliet.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|"[[Romeo and Juliet: actus I scaena 5]]": apud Cappellettos Romeus Iuliettam primum cognoscit. Impressum post [[Gulielmus Miller (1740-1810)|Gulielmum Miller]] anno 1789 factum]] '''Epulum apud Cappellettos celebratum''' in omnibus fontibus describitur in quibus amores [[Romeus (persona)|Romei]] et [[Iulietta (persona)|Iuliettae]] enarrantur; ibi enim Romeum Iuliettamque primum se vidisse et in amorem cecidisse confitetur. De hoc epulo, in quo paullo post diem nativitatis Christi celebrantes modo Italiano figuras suas dissimulabant, legendum est enim in libello ''[[Historia novellamente ritrovata di due nobili amanti]]'' anno fere 1530 divulgato, auctore [[Ludovicus da Porto|Ludovico da Porto]] (''carnevale .. in casa messer Antonio Cappelletti''). Retractatur, auctore [[Matthaeus Bandello|Matthaeo Bandello]], in collectaneo ''[[Novelle (Bandello)|Novelle]]'' anno 1554 edito (titulo fabulae "''La sfortunata morte di due infelicissimi amanti, che l'uno di veleno, e l'altro di dolore morirono''"); rursus versione Francogallica [[Petrus Boaistuau|Petri Boaistuau]] in collectaneo ''[[Histoires tragiques]]'' anno [[1559]] divulgato (titulo fabulae "''Histoire ... de deux amants, dont l'un mourut de venin, l'autre de tristesse''"); rursus versione Anglica [[Gulielmus Painter|Gulielmi Painter]] quam anno [[1567]] scripsit, titulo ''The Goodly Hystory of the True and Constant Love between Rhomeo and Julietta''; etiam in carmine [[Arthurus Brooke|Arthuri Brooke]] titulo ''[[The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet|The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Iuliet]]'', anno [[1562]] divulgato; denuo in ludo scaenico [[Gulielmus Shakesperius|Gulielmi Shakesperii]] ''[[Romeo and Juliet]]'' (act. 1 sc. 5) anno fere 1592 docto primumque anno [[1597]] edito. == Nexus externi == * [http://books.google.fr/books?id=tO24EcaorAsC Textus Ludovici da Porto] (vide pp. 21-23) * [http://books.google.fr/books?id=tO24EcaorAsC Textus Matthaei Bandello] (vide pp. 82-85) * [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k113057m/f74.image.r=boaistuau.langFR Versio P. Boaistuau] (vide f. 37v ff.) * [http://www.archive.org/details/romeusandiuliet00broogoog Versio G. Painter] (vide p. 93 ff.) * [http://www.archive.org/details/romeusandiuliet00broogoog Versio A. Brooke] (vide p. 1 ff.) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230226153817/https://shakespeare-navigators.com/romeo/BrookeIndex.html Versio A. Brooke cum subsidiis] * [http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1112 Ludus scaenicus Shakesperianus apud gutenberg.org] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210422091416/http://shakespeare.mit.edu/romeo_juliet/ Ludus scaenicus Shakesperianus apud MIT] {{Ling|Anglice}} {{Nexus absunt}} [[Categoria:Cenae litterariae]] [[Categoria:Romeus et Iulietta]] [[Categoria:Cenae Shakesperianae]] ox0yk3gnlekiv5mgtprl870wom8mmad 0 135767 3983125 3463136 2026-08-22T07:45:15Z Kontributor 2K 172405 + {{capsa urbis Vicidata}} 3983125 wikitext text/x-wiki {{capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Map commune FR insee code 59653.png|thumb|upright=.7|left|Communis tabula.]] [[Fasciculus:Wavrin hotel de ville.JPG|thumb|200 px|Wavrin: vici curia]] ''' Wavrin''' est commune 7758 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Septentrio (praefectura Franciae)|Septentrionis]] in [[Francia]]e borealis regione [[Septentrio et Fretum|Septentrione et Freto]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Septentrionis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Wavrin|Wavrin}} * {{INSEE commune|59653|de=Wavrin}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Praefecturae Septentrionis]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Septentrionis]] of74dhkmzkjvwdzrd7nbmocnl1eqnk4 0 145167 3982816 3724875 2026-08-21T13:59:50Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Portae]] 3982816 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Esquilino - Porta Maggiore - st1.JPG|thumb|250px|Porta Praenestina]] [[Fasciculus:Roma.Porta Maggiore incisione Piranesi.jpg|thumb|left|[[Ioannes Baptista Piranesius]] portam pinxit [[saeculum 18|saeculo XVIII]].]] '''Porta Praenestina'''<ref>{{ling|Anglice}} [http://www.romereborn.virginia.edu/ge/WG-017.html Porta Praenestina in ''Rome reborn'']{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> vel '''Porta Maior''' est pars [[Muri Aureliani|Murorum Aurelianorum]] in urbe [[Roma]]. Quae porta nomen trahit a civitate [[Praeneste]]. == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{communia|Porta Maggiore|Portam Praenestinam}} [[Categoria:Portae Romae urbis|praenestina porta]] [[Categoria:Portae]] 34bk1bvkpck4131kufmnkgka1mwvgba 0 158000 3983130 3971299 2026-08-22T11:50:56Z ~2026-45811-40 213783 /* */ 3983130 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT[[Histrio]] ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==Bibliographia== * [[Ricardus Boleslavsky|Boleslavsky, Richard]]. [[1933]] ''Acting: the First Six Lessons''. Novi Eboraci: Theatre Arts. ISBN 0-87830-000-7. * Brustein, Robert. [[2005]]. ''Letters to a Young Actor'' Novi Eboraci: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-00806-2. * Csapo, Eric, et William J. Slater. [[1994]]. ''The Context of Ancient Drama.'' Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08275-2. * [[Adam Darius|Darius, Adam]]. [[1998]]. ''Acting: A Psychological and Technical Approach.'' Kolesnik Production OY, Helsinki. ISBN 952-90-9146-X/ * [[Uta Hagen|Hagen, Uta]]. [[1973]]. ''Respect for Acting''. Novi Eboraci: Macmillan. ISBN 0-02-547390-5. * Hodge, Alison, ed. [[2000]]. ''Twentieth Century Actor Training''. Londinii et Novi Eboraci: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-19452-0. * Marston, Merlin, ed. [[1987]]. ''Sanford Meisner on Acting'' Novi Eboraci: Random House. ISBN 0-394-75059-4. * [[Constantinus Stanislavski|Stanislavski, Konstantin]]. [[1938]], [[2008]]. ''An Actor’s Work: A Student’s Diary.'' Conv. et ed. Jean Benedetti. Londinii: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-42223-9. * Zarrilli, Phillip B., ed. [[2002]]. ''Acting (Re)Considered: A Theoretical and Practical Guide''. Worlds of Performance Ser. Ed. 2a. Londinii et Novi Eboraci: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-26300-X. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Acting|actionem}} {{Wiktionary}} {{wikiquote}} * [http://www.backstage.com/bso/index.jsp ''Backstage Magazine,''] apud www.backstage.com * [http://www.hollywoodnorth.com Hollywood North,]{{Nexus deficit|date=July 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} apud www.hollywoodnorth.com (de vita actorum) {{ars-stipula}} [[Categoria:Theatrum]]<!--Etiam in en: [[Category:Role-playing]]--> {{Myrias|Ars}} f07iy82ovrx74kte25su2f5yzoc65ys 3983131 3983130 2026-08-22T11:51:57Z ~2026-45811-40 213783 /* */ 3983131 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT[[Histrio]] [[Categoria:Theatrum]] 1vqpmx0huuvz26eu498tdn4oj0l9pkt 0 158201 3983028 3593291 2026-08-21T22:38:17Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983028 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Sant'Angelo a Fasanella (Panoramic).jpg|thumb|Fanum Sancti Angeli ad Phasanellam]] '''Fanum Sancti Angeli ad Phasanellam'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=4EVkhIl-TN4C&printsec=frontcover&hl=it#v=onepage&q&f=false Dizionario geografico-istorico-fisico del regno di Napoli, composto dall'Abate Francesco sacco - Di Francesco Sacco]</ref> ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Sant'Angelo a Fasanella|Sant'Angelo a Fasanella]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Campania]] et in [[Provincia Salernitana]] situm. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Campania]], * [[Provincia Salernitana]], * [[Salernum]] (''Urbs''), * [[Cilentum]], * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160617191528/http://www.comune.santangeloafasanella.sa.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{communiaCat|Sant'Angelo a Fasanella|Fanum Sancti Angeli ad Phasanellam}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Image:Sant'Angelo a Fasanella pos SA.gif|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Salernitana. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Salerni]] [[Categoria:Municipia Cilenti]] j3ejl4zujexh56opgg68armeywnxnex 0 166033 3983019 3981499 2026-08-21T22:11:58Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983019 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Holtisminnensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Holzminden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Holtsminne''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], die [[12 Octobris]] [[1832]] a [[Gulielmus (Dux Brunsvici)|Gulielmo]] duce [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Brunsvici]] conditus est. Caput circuli urbs [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> est. == Historia == Circulus primo ad Ducatum, deinde ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinebat. A die [[1 Novembris]] [[1941]] circulus Holtisminnensis pars provinciae Hannoverae [[Borussia]]e erat. Anno [[1945]] ad terram Hannoveram, ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. Hodie disputatur, an circulus cum finitimo [[Circulus terrae Northemiensis|Circulo Northemiensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Northemiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Northeim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Northemiensis-e" ad urbem [[Northemium]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> coniungendus sit. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HOL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Holtisminnensi.]] Circulus Holtisminnensis 32 communia habet, quae maxima parte ad "communia generalia" (Theodisce "Samtgemeinden") coniuncta sunt. Haec sunt: * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'') oppidum (8142 incolae) * [[Holtisminni]] urbs, caput circuli (19.939) * [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern''), commune generale (6056) ** [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') (3946) ** [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') (979) ** [[Holenberg]] (440) ** [[Negenborn]] (691) * [[Bodonis Insula-Collis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref><ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder-Polle''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs (5546) ** [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'') (718) ** [[Halle (Holtisminni)|Halle]] (1590) ** [[Hehlen]] (1912) ** [[Heinsen]] (861) ** [[Heyen]] (482) ** [[Kirchbrak]] (1089) ** [[Ottenstein]] (1189) ** [[Pegestorf]] (428) ** [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') oppidum (1102) ** [[Vahlbruch]] (458) * [[Boffeshusium (commune generale)|Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen''), commune generale (7042) ** [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (2701) ** [[Derental]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'') (671) ** [[Fürstenberg]] (1167) ** [[Lauenförde]] (2503) * [[Eschershusa-Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Eschershausen-Stadtoldendorf''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') urbs (5457) ** [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'') (391) ** [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'') (1511) ** [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'') (812) ** [[Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (996) ** [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen''), urbs (3415) ** [[Heinade]] (920) ** [[Holzen]] (629) ** [[Lenne]] (673) ** [[Lüerdissen]] (448) ** [[Wangelnstedt]] (617) Praeterea sunt loca quaedam, quae ad nullum commune pertinent. Quae omnia hominibus deserta sunt: * Boffeshusium<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (23,40 km²) * Eima<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (12,91 km²) * Eschershusa<ref name="-husa"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'') (4,92 km²) * Grünenplan (22,71 km²) * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'') (15,01 km²) * Merxhausen (22,50 km²) * Wenzen (15,84 km²) ==Notae== <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{geo-stipula}} {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris|Holtisminni]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1832]] clesrmc94e598g0drphcqbvl0c48kch 0 166279 3983014 3976614 2026-08-21T22:02:33Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983014 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Bevernense Castrum'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. == Historia == Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1973]] commune generale Bevern constitutum est, cum [[Bevernense Castrum|Bevernensi Castro]]<ref name="Graesse"/> atque communia [[Goldbiki]], [[Holenberg]] [[Negenborn]]que coniuncta sunt<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120811010729/http://www.samtgemeinde-bevern.de/de/samtgemeinde-bevern/gemeinde/gemeindeinformationen/06-zahlen-daten-fakten.php Pagina interretialis Bevern de communi condendo]</ref>. == Communia ad Bevernense Castrum pertinentes == * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') (3946 incolae, sedes administrationis) * [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') (979) * [[Holenberg]] (440) * [[Negenborn]] (691) == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1973]] ihicvyir1on330uq7sahcq2xc1jd7i2 3983015 3983014 2026-08-21T22:04:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983015 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Bevernense Castrum'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. == Historia == Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1973]] commune generale Bevernense Castrum constitutum est, cum [[Bevernense Castrum|Bevernensi Castro]]<ref name="Graesse"/> atque communia [[Goldbiki]], [[Holenberg]] [[Negenborn]]que coniuncta sunt<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120811010729/http://www.samtgemeinde-bevern.de/de/samtgemeinde-bevern/gemeinde/gemeindeinformationen/06-zahlen-daten-fakten.php Pagina interretialis Bevernensis Castri de communi condendo]</ref>. == Communia ad Bevernense Castrum pertinentes == * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') (3946 incolae, sedes administrationis) * [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') (979) * [[Holenberg]] (440) * [[Negenborn]] (691) == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1973]] k9j1jr7fun0hja2vqmvnwsjwpmp1ogk 0 166380 3983010 3976616 2026-08-21T21:55:35Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Golmbach]] ad [[Goldbiki]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3976616 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Golmbach''' est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e meridionali in [[circulus terrae|circulo terrae]] [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Holtisminnensi]] situm. Ad Golmbach etiam vicus Warbsen pertinet. == Historia == Golmbach saeculo 10 nomine ''Goldbiki'' primo in actis descripta est. Anno [[1973]] Golmbach vicus ad [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]] commune generale accessit. [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] g1o0grvw4va25cp289rchh5d4iis6qs 3983012 3983010 2026-08-21T21:58:46Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983012 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Goldbiki'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e meridionali in [[circulus terrae|circulo terrae]] [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Holtisminnensi]] situm. Ad Goldbikos etiam vicus Warbsen pertinet. == Historia == Goldbiki saeculo 10 primo in actis descripti sunt. Anno [[1973]] Goldbiki commune ad [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]] commune generale accessit. ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] 9bbx9xm08u3il2s7suvgsmxvljgsa8r 3983022 3983012 2026-08-21T22:20:44Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983022 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Goldbiki'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e meridionali in [[circulus terrae|circulo terrae]] [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Holtisminnensi]] situm. Ad Goldbikos etiam vici [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> [[Goldbiki (vicus)|Goldbiki]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') atque [[Warbsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Warbsen'') pertinent. == Historia == Goldbiki saeculo 10 primo in actis descripti sunt. Anno [[1973]] Goldbiki commune ad [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]] commune generale accessit. ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] 31dwnv7ith9icpocs2rxrgd3zdwm0vi 3983023 3983022 2026-08-21T22:21:10Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983023 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Goldbiki'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e meridionali in [[circulus terrae|circulo terrae]] [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Holtisminnensi]] situm. Ad Goldbikos etiam vici [[Goldbiki (vicus)|Goldbiki]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') atque [[Warbsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Warbsen'') pertinent. == Historia == Goldbiki saeculo 10 primo in actis descripti sunt. Anno [[1973]] Goldbiki commune ad [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]] commune generale accessit. ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] i9xsufllhzecp6j5k8s2rcxtqgi5smg 0 166423 3983018 3976615 2026-08-21T22:10:49Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983018 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Holenberg''' est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e meridionali in [[circulus terrae|circulo terrae]] [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Holtisminnensi]] situm. == Historia == Holenberg anno [[1007]] nomine ''Holanberg'' primo in actis descripta est. Anno [[1973]] Holenbach vicus ad [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') commune generale accessit. ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] ihmzgkh5bw8kfe3swznpnhwvh1wiu2q 14 166497 3982814 2521221 2026-08-21T13:59:28Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Portae]] 3982814 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Aedificia bellica]] [[Categoria:Aedificia et structurae forma digestae]] [[Categoria:Portae]] 6y8opwd6d2z8ckz13bsiv9nin99oyo9 3982821 3982814 2026-08-21T14:03:11Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:CommuniaCat|CommuniaCat]]}} 3982821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CommuniaCat|City gates|Portas urbanas}} [[Categoria:Aedificia bellica]] [[Categoria:Aedificia et structurae forma digestae]] [[Categoria:Portae]] 11nnac7ake8mbbdkzj3azfx8e0c6sw2 0 166530 3983017 3976618 2026-08-21T22:09:44Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983017 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Augenda|2025|4}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Negenborn.jpg|thumb|Conspectus communis Negenborn.]] '''Negenborn''' est [[commune]] in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e meridionali in [[circulus terrae|circulo terrae]] [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Holtisminnensi]] situm. == Historia == Negenborn anno [[891]] nomine ''Nighunburni'', quod 'novem puteos' significat, primo in actis descripta est. Qui putei etiam in sigillo communis depicti sunt. Anno [[1973]], Negenborn vicus ad [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]] commune generale accessit. [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] 20gbql6divnrehz0ztlkb6tv5a15zvv 100 167301 3982970 2874875 2026-08-21T20:05:21Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Unionis Europaeae | imagoselecta = Europe satellite orthographic.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Europa ex caelo visa | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = #4169e1 | titlestyling = font-family: Cambria, Georgia, Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = blue | tituluscapsa1 = Instituta | tituluscapsa3 = Civitates sociae | tituluscapsa4 = Portae civitatum sociarum }} [[Categoria:Porta Unionis Europaeae| ]] jq0zmvazfttcr1479fx2syr4d288fhb 14 168083 3982806 2513300 2026-08-21T13:42:15Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982806 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Unio Europaea|^]] [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Unio Europaea]] fw8fymci58dboubfq85zplz5ay9x11l 0 168719 3983102 3593720 2026-08-22T02:19:17Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983102 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Hieracium (discretiva)}} {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Hierax (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:ChiesaMadreGS.JPG|thumb|Geratium]] '''Geratium'''<ref name=":0">{{Schweickard}}</ref> {{victio|Geratium|ii|n}} (alia nomina: ''Giracium'',<ref name=":1">{{Fontes desiderati}}</ref> ''Gerax'',<ref name=":0" /> ''Hieracium'',<ref name=":1" /> ''Hierax''<ref name=":1" />) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Geraci Siculo|Geraci Siculo]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Sicilia]] ac in [[Provincia Regionalis Panormitana|Provincia Regionali Panormitana]] situm. [[Fasciculus:CappellaPCastelloGeraci.JPG|thumb|center|550px|''Despectus ad Geratium'']] == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Sicilia]]m (''regio''), * [[Urbs metropolitana Panormitana|Urbem metropolitanam Panormitanam]], * [[Provincia Panormitana|Provinciam Panormitanam]] (''provincia abrogata''), * [[Panormus|Panormum]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130620140136/http://www.comune.geracisiculo.pa.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Geraci Siculo|Geratium}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Geraci Siculo (Metropolitan City of Palermo, region Sicily, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Regionali Panormitana. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in Urbe metropolitana Panormitana]] pl0j42mjuy13yq33pgiqboaqnud4yt9 0 170213 3983064 3593680 2026-08-22T01:09:23Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983064 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gambolo parrocchiale.jpg|thumb|Gambolades]] '''Gambolades'''<ref>''DIZIONARIO GEOGRAFICO'' - Di GOFFREDO CASALIS, Voll. V.V., Torino 1833-1854</ref> {{victio|Gambolades|ium|m}} (alia nomina: ''Campus Latus'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Gambolò|Gambolò]]'') sunt [[oppidum|oppida]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipia]], in Regione [[Langobardia]], in [[Provincia Papiensis|Provincia Papiensi]] ac in [[Laumellina|Agro Laumellino]] sita. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]], * [[Provincia Papiensis]], * [[Laumellina]], * [[Papia]] (urbs). == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121228010324/http://www.comune.gambolo.pv.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Gambolò|Gambolades}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Gambolò (province of Pavia, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Papiensi. Imago:Lomellina.GIF|Collocatio Agri Laumellini in Provincia Papiensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Papiae]] [[Categoria:Municipia in Laumellina]] shpwiwi7e5lgzpsbhouno0wgxoz7kop 100 171232 3982971 2535165 2026-08-21T20:05:58Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Britanniarum Regni | imagoselecta = Radcliffe Camera, Oxford - Oct 2006.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = [[Universitas Oxoniensis]] | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = #c41e3a | titlestyling = font-family: Cambria, Georgia, Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = grey }} [[Categoria:Porta Britanniarum Regni| ]] mpex2rr3eehf64nn47wvn24rpv1xvxl 14 171236 3982796 2507790 2026-08-21T13:37:53Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982796 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Britanniarum Regnum]] [[Categoria:Britanniarum Regnum|^]] i50jq5eszz6f11m1ysb7nqnmkva8wub 100 171391 3982972 3810243 2026-08-21T20:06:39Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982972 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Norvegiae | imagoselecta = Hovedbygget ntnu.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = [[Universitas technica scientiaeque naturalis Norvegiae|Universitas technica scientiaeque naturalis]] | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = #ba0c2f | titlestyling = font-family: Cambria, Georgia, Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = grey | |tituluscapsa1 = Provinciae }} [[Categoria:Porta Norvegiae| ]] nq48pd9oqrztza5nudgldmrq4y2mo60 14 171392 3982803 2513487 2026-08-21T13:41:38Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982803 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Norvegia]] [[Categoria:Norvegia|^]] kw4qxjxbo5uyw0dldd978o2t9itb1m7 100 171475 3982973 3817029 2026-08-21T20:07:16Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982973 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta Civitatum Foederatarum Americae | imagoselecta = Lady Liberty.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = [[Statua Libertatis]] in [[Novum Eboracum]] sita | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = #3c3b6e | titlestyling = font-family: Cambria, Georgia, Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = #b22234 | tituluscapsa1 = Divisiones civiles }} [[Categoria:Porta Civitatum Foederatarum Americae| ]] 8byqfodraw2i945uryek8bwogvsldbz 14 171479 3982797 2653645 2026-08-21T13:38:15Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982797 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Civitates Foederatae Americae]] [[Categoria:Civitates Foederatae Americae|^]] 02eurjvc48maarst42f58o8nh4954kz 100 171828 3982974 2535163 2026-08-21T20:07:48Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta technologiae | imagoselecta = Sts115-s-040.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = [[Navicula spatialis|Naviculae spatialis]] [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] ''Atlantis'' discessus anno 2006. | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = #0093af | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = blue }} [[Categoria:Porta Technologiae| ]] sy13zxfel2ydb9g21uj7x0537n4he2e 14 171831 3982804 2527341 2026-08-21T13:41:55Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982804 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Technologia]] [[Categoria:Technologia|^]] 0mpqvjfnjb1e5gal1dkg2xu9m27r9jt 0 171903 3983039 3593523 2026-08-21T23:20:48Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983039 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Esterno chiesa Fiamignano.jpg|thumb|Flaminianum]] '''Flaminianum'''<ref>Monumenti dello Stato pontificio e relazione topografica di ogni paese - Di Giuseppe Marocco</ref><ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=4EVkhIl-TN4C&printsec=frontcover&hl=it#v=onepage&q&f=false Dizionario geografico-istorico-fisico del regno di Napoli, composto dall'Abate Francesco sacco - Di Francesco Sacco]</ref> {{victio|Flaminianum|i|n}} ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Fiamignano|Fiamignano]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Latium|Latio]] et in [[Provincia Reatina]] situm. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Latium]], * [[Provincia Reatina]], * [[Reate]] (urbs). == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121129052638/http://www.comune.fiamignano.ri.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Fiamignano|Flaminianum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Fiamignano (province of Rieti, region Lazio, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Reatina. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Reatis]] q0lf0j43lutk2icooreqe2qvcr4v11w 100 171947 3982975 2535160 2026-08-21T20:08:18Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982975 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta geographiae | imagoselecta = Nova et accurata totius Europæ descriptio.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = ''Nova et accurata totius Europæ descriptio'' a Fredericus de Wit picta anno 1700. | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = #74c365 | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = #009e60 }} [[Categoria:Porta Geographiae| ]] 1f2o8p89foou5yo7gnojyof3ytylbpx 14 171951 3982798 2513509 2026-08-21T13:38:40Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982798 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Geographia|^]] [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Geographia]] q5ome86hxyb975t1kq0c90z8pqyepks 100 171959 3982976 2535159 2026-08-21T20:08:47Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982976 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta historiae | imagoselecta = Ancientlibraryalex.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = [[Bibliotheca Alexandrina]] | titleforeground = black | titlebackground = #daaf85 | boxbackground = #eedcc8 | bordercolor = #c27e3a }} [[Categoria:Porta Historiae| ]] aggo8i24rzzp0hxd34fo24ogg0ywxk1 14 171961 3982800 2485920 2026-08-21T13:39:37Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982800 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Historia|^]] [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Historia]] 9v5ezvhj3spavuj3majibkaztnd0z4f 100 171968 3982977 2535161 2026-08-21T20:09:13Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta artis | imagoselecta = David von Michelangelo.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = ''[[David (Michael Angelus)|David]]'' ([[Michael Angelus Bonarotius]], inter annum 1501 et annum 1504) | titleforeground = black | titlebackground = silver | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = gray }} [[Categoria:Porta Artis| ]] 3akv6d2hjja6eb2aetv2vea6httt7em 14 171970 3982794 2513510 2026-08-21T13:36:53Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982794 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Ars|^]] [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Ars]] 5x0bmzjx3ig41dhk6t2dq35lfiip3a7 100 171977 3982978 2535162 2026-08-21T20:09:40Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982978 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = Porta mathematicae | imagoselecta = Mandelpart2.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = Imago [[Mandelbrot]] puncta fixa aequationis complexae iteratae ''z'' = ''z''² + ''c'' demonstrans. | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = gray | boxbackground = #f7e7ce | bordercolor = gray }} [[Categoria:Porta Mathematicae| ]] 673urazvjaens0ygq832js9jz8qpcix 14 171978 3982802 2513554 2026-08-21T13:41:21Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Portae]] → [[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae]] 3982802 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Mathematica|^]] [[Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Mathematica]] j9hk74ya1ixbmkpwu2bj8mc8e1hodb2 0 173726 3983110 3978994 2026-08-22T02:25:41Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983110 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Goslariensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Goslariensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Goslar'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Goslariensis-e" ad [[Goslaria]]m refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Goslar''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Goslar''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] anno [[1885]] conditus est. Caput circuli urbs [[Goslaria]] est. == Historia == Circulus Osteroda anno [[1885]] constitutus est. Anno [[1945]] ad terram Hannoveram transiit, ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in GS.svg|300px|right|Communia in Circulo Goslariensi]] Circulus Osteroda 10 communia habet, quae partim ad "commune generale" (Theodisce "Samtgemeinde") coniuncta sunt. Haec sunt: * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'') urbs (21.813 incolae) * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'') urbs (6280) * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'') [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]] (50.681) * [[Langelsheim]] oppidum (12.105) * [[Liebenburg]] commune (8620) * [[Sesa]] (Germ.: ''Seesen'') oppidum (20.034) * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'') [[urbs]] (15.769) * [[Lutter am Barenberge (commune generale)|Lutter am Barenberge]] commune generale (4098) ** [[Hahausen]] (841) ** [[Lutter am Barenberge]] (2290) ** [[Wallmoden]] (967) == Coniunctiones pagorum == Circulus Goslariensis coniunctionem cum ''Trzebnicki circulo'' in [[Silesia Inferior]]e constiuit. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Landkreis Goslar|Circulus Goslariensis}} * [http://www.landkreis-goslar.de/ Pagina interretialis circuli] {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Goslariensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] 49zkzuyxa8ww4ssz4tyldq0jvrmfo2z 0 174495 3983080 3783187 2026-08-22T01:51:53Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Vienenburg]] ad [[Vienenburgum]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3783187 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Vienenburg Bahnhof 01.jpg|thumb|left|Statio Ferroviaria Vienenburg]] '''Vienenburg''' est oppidum [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Goslariensis|Circulo Goslariensi]]. Ad Vienenburg etiam vici Immenrode, Lengde, Weddingen, Lochtum, Wiedelah atque Wöltingerode pertinuerunt. == Historia == Vienenburg anno [[1306]] primo in actis descripta est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelforum]] facta est et annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] ad [[Regnum Westphaliae]] pertinuit. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]] et translata est, quod anno [[1866]] in provinciam [[Borussia]]e redactum est. Anno [[1941]] Vienenburg cum toto circulo Goslariensi a provincia Hannoverae ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Brunsvicum]] transiit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Anno 1972 vici supra dicti accesserunt. Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2014]] Vienenburg pars urbis [[Goslaria]]e factum est<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130510033946/http://fusion-goslar-vienenburg.de/ Pagina de fusione urbium Vienenburg et Goslariae]</ref>. == Cives clari == === Nati === * [[Christophorus Gudermann]] (1798 - 1852), mathematicus. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100223182305/http://www.vienenburg.eu/ Pagina oppidi Vienenburg (lingua Theodisca)] == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Urbes antiquae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 13]] [[Categoria:Dissoluta 2014]] af2cnbibh3x5fxsl2fo7fi9pgyx9knt 3983085 3983080 2026-08-22T02:07:56Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983085 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Vienenburg Bahnhof 01.jpg|thumb|left|Statio Ferroviaria Vienenburgensis.]] '''Vienenburgum'''<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> fuit antiquum commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Goslariensis|Circulo Goslariensi]]. Ad Vienenburgum etiam vici [[Immenroda]]<ref name="His">Vide [https://www.lesser-stiftung.de/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Bd.5_FCL-Stiftung.pdf?utm ''Historie der Grafschaft Hohnstein''], ubi dicitur "(...) Immenroda, Schwansdorf et Hunderoda (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Immenrode''), [[Lengde]] (Theodisce ''Lengde''), [[Waddinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Weddingen''), [[Loctuna]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Lochtum''), [[Widela]]<ref name="Zei">Vide [https://leopard.tu-braunschweig.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/dbbs_derivate_00043183/Ha-308-53.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Braunschweigischen Landesvereins für Heimatschutz''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Wiedelah'', Kr. Gos. (1312 ''curia et castrum Widela'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Wiedelah'') atque [[Woltingeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wöltingerode'') pertinuerunt. [[1 Ianuarii|Kalendis Ianuariis]] anni [[2014]] Vienenburgum cum suis vicis in [[Goslaria]]m incorporatum est. == Historia == Vienenburgum anno [[1306]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelforum]] factum est et annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] ad [[Regnum Westphaliae]] pertinuit. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]] et translata est, quod anno [[1866]] in provinciam [[Borussia]]e redactum est. Anno [[1941]] Vienenburgum cum toto circulo Goslariensi a provincia Hannoverae ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Brunsvicum]] transiit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Anno 1972 vici supra dicti accesserunt. Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2014]] Vienenburgum pars urbis [[Goslaria]]e factum est<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130510033946/http://fusion-goslar-vienenburg.de/ Pagina de fusione urbium Vienenburgi et Goslariae]</ref>. == Cives clari == === Nati === * [[Christophorus Gudermann]] (1798 - 1852), mathematicus. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Vienenburg|Vienenburgum}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100223182305/http://www.vienenburg.eu/ Pagina vici Vienenburgi (Theodisce)] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Urbes antiquae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 13]] [[Categoria:Dissoluta 2014]] qcc5gup0fkqdy8t4s6rssfsxsy7i2ya 0 176916 3983062 3593679 2026-08-22T01:07:30Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983062 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gamberale.JPG|thumb|Gamberale]] '''Gamberale'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=4EVkhIl-TN4C&printsec=frontcover&hl=it#v=onepage&q&f=false Dizionario geografico-istorico-fisico del regno di Napoli, composto dall'Abate Francesco sacco - Di Francesco Sacco]</ref> {{victio|Gamberale|is|n}} (alia nomina<ref>{{fontes desiderati}}</ref>: ''Gamalarius, Gamalerius, Gambarum'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Gamberale|Gamberale]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Aprutium|Aprutio]] et in [[Provincia Teatina]] situm. == Insignia == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' Fasciculus:Merito civile silver medal BAR.svg|''[[Municipium nomisma argentea civilis virtutis causa tributum]]'' </gallery> == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Aprutium]], * [[Provincia Teatina]], * [[Teate]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == {{communiaCat|Gamberale|Gamberale}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130604012737/http://www.comune.gamberale.ch.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Image:Map of comune of Gamberale (province of Chieti, region Abruzzo, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Teatina. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Teatis]] gqx1acja2qx5gj79zp9ungmyqrw4syr 0 181152 3983026 3522812 2026-08-21T22:31:34Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Fagnanum (discretiva)}} {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Fannianum (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Fagnanum'''<ref name="Sacco">{{Sacco}}}</ref> {{victio|Fagnanum|i|n}} (alia nomina: ''Fagianum''<ref name="Sacco" />, ''Fanianum'', ''Fannianum'', ''Fagnanum Castrum'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Fagnano Castello|Fagnano Castello]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 3&thinsp;960 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Bruttium|Bruttio]] et in [[Provincia Consentina]] situm. Incolae ''Fagnanenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Sancti Marci Argentanensis-Scaleensis]] == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Fractiones === ''Cafaro, Carbonaro, Ferraro, Mallamo, Mirabella, Policarette, Rinacchio, San Lauro, Sant'Angelo'' == Municipia finitima == ''Acquappesa, Cetraro, Malvito, Mongrassano, San Marco Argentano, Santa Caterina Albanese''. {{NexInt}} * [[Bruttium]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Consentina]], * [[Consentia]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == {{communiaCat|Fagnano Castello|Fagnanum}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130521090139/http://www.comune.fagnanocastello.cs.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Image:Map of comune of Fagnano Castello (province of Cosenza, region Calabria, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Consentina. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Consentiae]] gj30o0fcxz1mcn45n03pacy5jxwz8jt 0 182497 3983041 3716597 2026-08-21T23:26:47Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983041 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Flexum (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Fiesso d artico 45.424401,12.0749.jpg|thumb|Flexum (Venetia)]] '''Flexum'''<ref>[http://hicsuntleones.altervista.org/comune%20di%20fiesso.html hicsuntleones.altervista.org]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref><ref>[https://books.google.it/books?id=pllYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=%22Flexum%22+Venetia&source=bl&ots=Qx-SQ7pxUG&sig=BpGmiZ2RI5XRSaOor51eNCTxOSo&hl=it&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiS_7b0sYDOAhWLcRQKHbWRBe8Q6AEIRTAH#v=onepage&q=%22Flexum%22%20Venetia&f=false Memorie storiche dello stato antoco e moderno delle lagune di Venezia e di que' fiumi che restarono divertiti per la conservazione delle medesime, Volume 1 Brenardino Zendrini, nella stamperia del seminario, 1840]</ref> {{victio|Flexum|i|n}} (alia nomina: ''Fiessum'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Fiesso d'Artico|Fiesso d'Artico]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 8&thinsp;075 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Venetia (regio)|Venetia]] et in [[Urbs metropolitana Veneta|Urbe metropolitana Veneta]] situm. Incolae ''Flexenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Clari cives == == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Patavina]] == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == ''Dolo, Pianiga, Stra, Vigonza (PD)''. {{NexInt}} * [[Venetia (regio)|Venetiam]] (''regionem''), * [[Urbs metropolitana Veneta|Urbem metropolitanam Venetam]], * [[Provincia Veneta|Provinciam Venetam]] (''provinciam abrogatam''), * [[Venetiae|Venetias]] (''urbem''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Fiesso d'Artico|Flexum}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150204033604/http://www.comune.fiessodartico.ve.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Fiesso d'Artico (province of Venice, region Veneto, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Urbe metropolitana Veneta. Fasciculus:Fiesso d artico Mairie 45.417002,12.03077.jpg|Flexi: Platium Municipale. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in Urbe metropolitana Veneta]] 8yz0n9f7x9rjcwjc27cf009fokn5rx6 0 182502 3982853 3592770 2026-08-21T15:02:44Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982853 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Cona.jpg|thumb|Cona]] '''Cona'''<ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Cona|ae|f}} (alia nomina: ''Conea'', ''Laccoma''<ref>[http://www.comuni-italiani.it/027/010/index.html www.comuni-italiani.it]</ref>) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Cona|Cona]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 2&thinsp;930 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Venetia (regio)|Venetia]] et in [[Urbs metropolitana Veneta|Urbe metropolitana Veneta]] situm. Incolae ''Conenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Clari cives == === Nati === * [[Humbertus Volante]] == Aedificia egregia == * Ecclesia paroecialis Foresti. == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Clodiensis]] * [[Dioecesis Patavina]] == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Fractiones === * ''Pegolotte'' (''sedes municipalis'') ''Cantarana, Cona, Conetta, Monsole, === Loci === * ''Foresto'' == Municipia finitima == ''Agna (PD), Cavarzere, Chioggia, Correzzola (PD)'' {{NexInt}} * [[Venetia (regio)|Venetiam]] (''regionem''), * [[Urbs metropolitana Veneta|Urbem metropolitanam Venetam]], * [[Provincia Veneta|Provinciam Venetam]] (''provinciam abrogatam''), * [[Venetiae|Venetias]] (''urbem''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Cona|Conam}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130514035143/http://www.comune.cona.ve.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Cona (province of Venice, region Veneto, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Urbe metropolitana Veneta. Fasciculus:Palazzina municipale (Pegolotte, Cona) 02.JPG|Palatium Municipale. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in Urbe metropolitana Veneta]] sycapzix8sldzpyhq5hxlh1cwfv29ng 0 188477 3982958 2678551 2026-08-21T19:33:57Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Portae]] 3982958 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:PESCHERIA.jpg|thumb|upright=4|center|[[Archivoltum]] et [[supercilium]] portae piscariae. Nomina haec iuxta personas Arthurianas inscribuntur: <small>ISDERNVS • ARTVS DE BRETANIA • BVRMALTVS • WINLOGEE • MARDOC • CARRADO • GALVAGIN • GALVARIVN • CHE</small>]] '''Porta piscaria''', vulgo ''Porta della pescheria'', est aditus septentrionalis [[Ecclesia Cathedralis Mutinensis|ecclesiae cathedralis]] urbis [[Mutina]]e. Ita nuncupatur ob [[nundinae|nundinas]] [[piscatus|piscarias]] extra hanc portam olim actas. Inter annos fere 1099 et 1120 constructa est. Ad [[archivoltum]] portae piscariae videntur [[anaglyptum|anaglypta]] fabulam de regis [[Arthurus Rex|Arthuri]] equitibus narrantia, omnium talium depictionum antiquissima. == Bibliographia == * Gordon Hall Gerould, "Arthurian Romance and the Date of the Relief at Modena" in ''Speculum'' vol. 10 (1935) pp. 355-376 * M. Amelia Klenke, "Chrétien de Troyes and Twelfth-Century Tradition" in ''Studies in Philology'' vol. 62 (1965) pp. 635-646 * Roger Sherman Loomis, "Modena, Bari, and Hades" in ''Art Bulletin'' vol. 6 (1924) pp. 71-74 * Roger Sherman Loomis, "Geoffrey of Monmouth and the Modena Archivolt: A Question of Precedence" in ''Speculum'' vol. 13 (1938) pp. 221-231 * Roger Sherman Loomis, ed., ''Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages'' (Oxonii: Clarendon Press, 1959) pp. 60-62 et alibi * Arthur Kingsley Porter, "Bari, Modena and St.-Gilles" in ''Burlington Magazine'' vol. 43 no. 245 (1923) pp. 58-67 * Marilyn Stokstad, "Modena Archivolt" in Norris J. Lacy, ed., ''The New Arthurian Encyclopedia'' (Novi Eboraci: Garland, 1991) pp. 324–326 {{Nexus desiderati}} [[Categoria:Anaglypta]] [[Categoria:Confecta saeculo 12]] [[Categoria:Fabulae de rege Arthuro]] [[Categoria:Mutina]] [[Categoria:Portae]] tj195rmat5fwynpq9jrwkyd2ddsi88j 0 190785 3982899 3525075 2026-08-21T16:35:29Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982899 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Cupra Montana'''<ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> (alia nomina: ''Massaccium''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=fUFbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA23&lpg=PA23&dq=%22Massaccium%22&source=bl&ots=WJWsLY3YEG&sig=XTxOipTAJhGfN0bSDEJb2FAqwNg&hl=it&sa=X&ei=YVjtUdDGI46BhQeqjYCQBw&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Massaccium%22&f=false Delle antichità picene - Di Giuseppe Colucci (abate.)]</ref>, ''Masaccium'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Cupramontana|Cupramontana]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Marchia Anconitana]] et in [[Provincia Anconitana]] situm. Incolae ''Cuprenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Marchia Anconitana]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Anconitana]], * [[Picenum]] (''terra''), * [[Ancona]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [http://www.comune.Cupramontana.an.it/ Pagina officialis]{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{CommuniaCat|Cupramontana|Cupram Montanam}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Cupramontana (province of Ancona, region Marche, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Anconitana. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Anconae]] 5c0yeo5gghgdh2reqzfz03b8b5r3l06 0 191512 3983027 3593044 2026-08-21T22:33:17Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983027 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Falcade.jpg|thumb|Falcata]] '''Falcata'''<ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Falcata|ae|f}} (alia nomina: ''Falcate'', ''Falcadis'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Falcade|Falcade]]''; [[Dolomiana Latina lingua|Dolomianice]]: ''Falciade'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Venetia (regio)|Venetia]] ac in [[Provincia Bellunensis|Provincia Bellunensi]] situm. Incolae ''Falcatini'' appellantur. == Insignia == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' Fasciculus:Merito civile bronze medal BAR.svg|''[[Municipium nomismate aeneo ob virtutem civilem decoratum]]'' </gallery> == Clari cives == * [[Albinus Luciani]]: P.P. [[Ioannes Paulus I]] == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Venetia (regio)|Venetia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Bellunensis]], * [[Ladinia]] (''terra''), * [[Pagus Agordinus]] seu [[Ager Agordinus]] (''terra''), * [[Bellunum]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230717181808/https://www.comune.falcade.bl.it/home Pagina officialis] == Alia coepta Vici == {{communiaCat|Falcade|Falcatam}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Falcade (province of Belluno, region Veneto, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Bellunensi. Imago:Lingua ladina in provincia di Belluno.svg|Collocatio municipiorum Linguae Dolomianae in Provincia Bellunensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Belluni]] [[Categoria:Municipia Ladinica]] [[Categoria:Pagus Agordinus]] a3nfx2nm8mf7zhr57a8m1yz5at09zng 0 197105 3983122 3698427 2026-08-22T07:02:38Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983122 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:2016-09 - Héricourt (Haute-Saône) - 01.jpg|thumb|250px|Héricourt: [[vici conciliabulum]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 70286.png|left|thumb|250px|Héricourt: communis tabula]] ''' Héricourt ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 10'349 incolarum (anno [[2010]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Arar Superior|Araris Superioris]] in regione [[Liber Comitatus (regio Franciae)|Libero Comitatu]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Adolphus Kégresse]], [[machinator]] ([[1879]]-[[1943]]) * [[Index communium praefecturae Araris Superioris|Indicem communium praefecturae Araris Superioris]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Héricourt (Haute-Saône)|Héricourt}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200625074712/http://www.hericourt.com/ Héricourt pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|70285|de=Héricourt}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Araris Superioris]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Araris superioris]] sjn0d4v2lvf1iwggkaqstx3ne6dxdqc 0 198188 3982841 3982400 2026-08-21T14:35:40Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in DAN.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|Communia in circulo Luchoviensi et Danebergensi.]] '''Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Luchoviensis-e" et "Danebergensis" ad [[Luchovia]]m et [[Daneberga]]m repective referuntur. Primo de toponymo, vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)"; et secundo de toponymo, vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[Polabice]] ''Vokres Ljauchüw-Wajdars''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1932]] e circulis Luchoviensi et Dannenbergensi consociatis conditus est. Ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit, et ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] circuli est [[Luchovia]]. == Historia == Ager circuli fuit pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1867]] magnus circulus Danenbergensis conditus est, sed anno [[1885]] in circulos Luchoviam et Danebergam divisus est. Anno [[1932]] iterum coniunctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Coniunctiones == Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis duas coniunctiones habet, cum * [[Stegelicium-Zelendorfium|Stegelicio-Zelendorfio]] regione [[Berolinum|Berolini]] ab anno [[1979]], tum cum Stegelicio regione * [[Powiat Obornicki]] ([[Polonia]], ab anno 2001) == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae omnes ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Buezzovium]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') commune generale (3700) ** [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Buezzovium]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') oppidum (1362) ** [[Gorleben]] (634) ** [[Höhbeck]] (645) ** [[Prezelle]] (473) ** [[Schnackenburg]], oppidum (586) * [[Luchovia (Vandalia)|Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'') commune generale (24.675) ** [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'') (1589) ** [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'') oppidum (2446) ** [[Küsten]] (1362) ** [[Lemgow]] (1408) ** [[Lübbow]] (836) ** [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw''), urbs et sedes administrationis (9401) ** [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] (634) ** [[Schnega]] (1354) ** [[Trebel]] (953) ** [[Waddeweitz]] (906) ** [[Woltersdorf]] (939) ** [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)|Wustrow]], oppidum (2847) * [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Prata Albis]]<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale (20.707 incolae) ** [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317) ** [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars''), urbs (8081) ** [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635) ** [[Gusborn]] (1225) ** [[Hitzacker]], oppidum (4933) ** [[Jameln]] (1071) ** [[Karwitz]] (742) ** [[Langendorf]] (719) ** [[Neu Darchau]] (1396) ** [[Zernien]] (1588) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circulum Luchoviensem et Danebergensem}} * [http://www.luechow-dannenberg.de/ Situs interretialis circuli proprius.] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Luechow-Dannenberg circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1932]] s4qiwhp7pt6hs73782176r2g6ivu5ws 3983040 3982841 2026-08-21T23:25:29Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983040 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in DAN.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|Communia in circulo Luchoviensi et Danebergensi.]] '''Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Luchoviensis-e" et "Danebergensis" ad [[Luchovia]]m et [[Daneberga]]m repective referuntur. Primo de toponymo, vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)"; et secundo de toponymo, vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[Polabice]] ''Vokres Ljauchüw-Wajdars''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1932]] e circulis Luchoviensi et Dannenbergensi consociatis conditus est. Ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit, et ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] circuli est [[Luchovia]]. == Historia == Ager circuli fuit pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1867]] magnus circulus Danenbergensis conditus est, sed anno [[1885]] in circulos Luchoviam et Danebergam divisus est. Anno [[1932]] iterum coniunctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Coniunctiones == Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis duas coniunctiones habet, cum * [[Stegelicium-Zelendorfium|Stegelicio-Zelendorfio]] regione [[Berolinum|Berolini]] ab anno [[1979]], tum cum Stegelicio regione * [[Powiat Obornicki]] ([[Polonia]], ab anno 2001) == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae omnes ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Buezzovium]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') commune generale (3700) ** [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') oppidum (1362) ** [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') (634) ** [[Höhbeck]] (645) ** [[Prezelle]] (473) ** [[Schnackenburg]], oppidum (586) * [[Luchovia (Vandalia)|Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'') commune generale (24.675) ** [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'') (1589) ** [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'') oppidum (2446) ** [[Küsten]] (1362) ** [[Lemgow]] (1408) ** [[Lübbow]] (836) ** [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw''), urbs et sedes administrationis (9401) ** [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] (634) ** [[Schnega]] (1354) ** [[Trebel]] (953) ** [[Waddeweitz]] (906) ** [[Woltersdorf]] (939) ** [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)|Wustrow]], oppidum (2847) * [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Prata Albis]]<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale (20.707 incolae) ** [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317) ** [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars''), urbs (8081) ** [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635) ** [[Gusborn]] (1225) ** [[Hitzacker]], oppidum (4933) ** [[Jameln]] (1071) ** [[Karwitz]] (742) ** [[Langendorf]] (719) ** [[Neu Darchau]] (1396) ** [[Zernien]] (1588) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circulum Luchoviensem et Danebergensem}} * [http://www.luechow-dannenberg.de/ Situs interretialis circuli proprius.] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Luechow-Dannenberg circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1932]] 5ya81gpvklzae4akr481ao8jyqmk74r 3983043 3983040 2026-08-21T23:29:45Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983043 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in DAN.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|Communia in circulo Luchoviensi et Danebergensi.]] '''Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Luchoviensis-e" et "Danebergensis" ad [[Luchovia]]m et [[Daneberga]]m repective referuntur. Primo de toponymo, vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)"; et secundo de toponymo, vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[Polabice]] ''Vokres Ljauchüw-Wajdars''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1932]] e circulis Luchoviensi et Dannenbergensi consociatis conditus est. Ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit, et ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] circuli est [[Luchovia]]. == Historia == Ager circuli fuit pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1867]] magnus circulus Danenbergensis conditus est, sed anno [[1885]] in circulos Luchoviam et Danebergam divisus est. Anno [[1932]] iterum coniunctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Coniunctiones == Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis duas coniunctiones habet, cum * [[Stegelicium-Zelendorfium|Stegelicio-Zelendorfio]] regione [[Berolinum|Berolini]] ab anno [[1979]], tum cum Stegelicio regione * [[Powiat Obornicki]] ([[Polonia]], ab anno 2001) == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae omnes ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') commune generale (3700) ** [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') oppidum (1362) ** [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') (634) ** [[Höhbeck]] (645) ** [[Prezelle]] (473) ** [[Schnackenburg]], oppidum (586) * [[Luchovia (Vandalia)|Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'') commune generale (24.675) ** [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'') (1589) ** [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'') oppidum (2446) ** [[Küsten]] (1362) ** [[Lemgow]] (1408) ** [[Lübbow]] (836) ** [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw''), urbs et sedes administrationis (9401) ** [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] (634) ** [[Schnega]] (1354) ** [[Trebel]] (953) ** [[Waddeweitz]] (906) ** [[Woltersdorf]] (939) ** [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)|Wustrow]], oppidum (2847) * [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Prata Albis]]<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale (20.707 incolae) ** [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317) ** [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars''), urbs (8081) ** [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635) ** [[Gusborn]] (1225) ** [[Hitzacker]], oppidum (4933) ** [[Jameln]] (1071) ** [[Karwitz]] (742) ** [[Langendorf]] (719) ** [[Neu Darchau]] (1396) ** [[Zernien]] (1588) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circulum Luchoviensem et Danebergensem}} * [http://www.luechow-dannenberg.de/ Situs interretialis circuli proprius.] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Luechow-Dannenberg circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1932]] qmw0bxxzj5r335yvw24obox3iqvapk8 0 198193 3982839 3979478 2026-08-21T14:32:51Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Prata Albis'''<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Prata Albis communia [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317 incolae), [[Dannenberg]] oppidum (8081, sedes administrationis), [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635), [[Gusborn]] (1225), [[Hitzacker]] oppidum (4933), [[Jameln]] (1071), [[Karwitz]] (742), [[Langendorf]] (719), [[Neu Darchau]] (1396) atque [[Zernien]] (1588) pertinent. == Historia == Commune generale Prata Albis anno [[2006]] e communibus generalis Dannenberg et Hitzacker constitutum est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.elbtalaue.de/ Pagina Communis generalis Pratorum Albis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 2006]] 2qbosk5hyuue1yh79qfuhkxbot8sqnx 0 198194 3983037 3982385 2026-08-21T23:16:11Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983037 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Gartovia'''<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Gartoviam communia [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') (1362 incolae, sedes administrationis), [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') (634), [[Höhbeck]] (645), [[Prezelle]] (473) atque [[Schnackenburg]] (586) pertinent. == Historia == Commune generale Gartovia anno [[1972]] e communibus 16 constitutum est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.gartow.de/ Pagina Communis generalis Gartoviae] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1972]] 7iwocvwf0705be2zvk7y0uokqo7gk4v 0 198239 3982792 3979485 2026-08-21T13:36:15Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Göhrde]] ad [[Gorenthin]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3979485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Ortsbild Göhrde.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Quoddam [[aedificium]] Göhrde.]] '''Göhrde''' est [[commune]] [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circuli Lüchow-Dannenberg]]. Ad quod commune [[vicus|vici]] Bredenbock, Dübbekold, Göhrde, Govelin, Kollase, Metzingen (caput communis), Plumbohm, Sarenseck, Schmardau, Schmessau, Tollendorf, atque Wedderien pertinent. Göhrde pars communis generalis [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Nachstellung der Schlacht an der Göhrde IMG 4092.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Anno [[2009]], pugna apud Göhrde a [[histrio]]nibus demonstrata est.]] Göhrde ab anno [[1671]] pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Anno [[1813]], Francorum copiae in pugna apud Göhrde victi sunt. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Göhrde ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ex anno [[2006]] pars [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] ,vici supra dicti ad Göhrde adiuncti sunt. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170425115135/http://www.elbtalaue.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-5933/ Pagina communis generalis Pratorum Albis de Göhrde scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Goehrde}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] 3v3qe7fjyti5g25iipy9bskgvlxuts3 3982805 3982792 2026-08-21T13:41:58Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Ortsbild Göhrde.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Quoddam [[aedificium]] Gorenthine.]] '''Gorenthin'''<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') est [[commune]] [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circuli Lüchow-Dannenberg]]. Ad quod commune [[vicus|vici]] Bredenbock, Dübbekold, Göhrde, Govelin, Kollase, Metzingen (caput communis), Plumbohm, Sarenseck, Schmardau, Schmessau, Tollendorf, atque Wedderien pertinent. Gorenthin pars communis generalis [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Nachstellung der Schlacht an der Göhrde IMG 4092.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Anno [[2009]], pugna apud Gorenthin ab [[histrio]]nibus demonstrata est.]] Gorenthin ab anno [[1671]] pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Anno [[1813]], Francorum copiae in pugna apud Gorenthin victi sunt. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gorenthin ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ex anno [[2006]] pars [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] ,vici supra dicti ad Gorenthin adiuncti sunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Göhrde|Gorenthin}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170425115135/http://www.elbtalaue.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-5933/ Pagina communis generalis Pratorum Albis de Gorenthine scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gorenthin}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] ryzww4wehs7v00p8oslwhnb4wv1m7nm 3982836 3982805 2026-08-21T14:28:04Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Ortsbild Göhrde.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Quoddam [[aedificium]] Gorenthine.]] '''Gorenthin'''<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') est [[commune]] [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circuli Lüchow-Dannenberg]]. Ad quod commune [[vicus|vici]] [[Bredenboke]]<ref name="Urk">''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande: Vom Jahre 1370 bis zum Jahre 1373'' (1858). [[Hannovera]]e.</ref> (Theodisce ''Bredenbock''), [[Dübbekold]] (Theodisce ''Dübbekold''), [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin"/> (Theodisce ''Göhrde''), [[Govelin]] (Theodisce ''Govelin''), [[Kollase]] (Theodisce ''Kollase''), [[Metzinga]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Metzingen'') -caput communis-, [[Plumbohm]] (Theodisce ''Plumbohm''), [[Sarenseck]] (Theodisce ''Sarenseck''), [[Schmardavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Schmardau''), [[Schmessavia]]<ref name="-avia"/> (Theodisce ''Schmessau''), [[Tollendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Tollendorf'') atque [[Wedderia]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Wedderien'') pertinent. Gorenthin pars communis generalis [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Nachstellung der Schlacht an der Göhrde IMG 4092.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Anno [[2009]], pugna apud Gorenthin ab [[histrio]]nibus demonstrata est.]] Gorenthin ab anno [[1671]] pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Anno [[1813]], Francorum copiae in pugna apud Gorenthin victi sunt. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gorenthin ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ex anno [[2006]] pars [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] ,vici supra dicti ad Gorenthin adiuncti sunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Göhrde|Gorenthin}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170425115135/http://www.elbtalaue.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-5933/ Pagina communis generalis Pratorum Albis de Gorenthine scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gorenthin}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] lqz8ywq64imtaom5ln40afq28psup63 3982837 3982836 2026-08-21T14:28:51Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982837 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Ortsbild Göhrde.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Quoddam [[aedificium]] Gorenthine.]] '''Gorenthin'''<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') est [[commune]] [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circuli Lüchow-Dannenberg]]. Ad quod commune [[vicus|vici]] [[Bredenboke]]<ref name="Urk">''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande: Vom Jahre 1370 bis zum Jahre 1373'' (1858). [[Hannovera]]e.</ref> (Theodisce ''Bredenbock''), [[Dübbekold]] (Theodisce ''Dübbekold''), [[Gorenthin (vicus)|Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin"/> (Theodisce ''Göhrde''), [[Govelin]] (Theodisce ''Govelin''), [[Kollase]] (Theodisce ''Kollase''), [[Metzinga]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Metzingen'') -caput communis-, [[Plumbohm]] (Theodisce ''Plumbohm''), [[Sarenseck]] (Theodisce ''Sarenseck''), [[Schmardavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Schmardau''), [[Schmessavia]]<ref name="-avia"/> (Theodisce ''Schmessau''), [[Tollendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Tollendorf'') atque [[Wedderia]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Wedderien'') pertinent. Gorenthin pars communis generalis [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Nachstellung der Schlacht an der Göhrde IMG 4092.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Anno [[2009]], pugna apud Gorenthin ab [[histrio]]nibus demonstrata est.]] Gorenthin ab anno [[1671]] pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Anno [[1813]], Francorum copiae in pugna apud Gorenthin victi sunt. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gorenthin ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ex anno [[2006]] pars [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] ,vici supra dicti ad Gorenthin adiuncti sunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Göhrde|Gorenthin}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170425115135/http://www.elbtalaue.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-5933/ Pagina communis generalis Pratorum Albis de Gorenthine scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gorenthin}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] 8l8o1cd2syguiinxffe93oiqs9rdjn9 3982838 3982837 2026-08-21T14:30:00Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Ortsbild Göhrde.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Quoddam [[aedificium]] Gorenthine.]] '''Gorenthin'''<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') est [[commune]] [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circuli Lüchow-Dannenberg]]. Ad quod commune [[vicus|vici]] [[Bredenboke]]<ref name="Urk">''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande: Vom Jahre 1370 bis zum Jahre 1373'' (1858). [[Hannovera]]e.</ref> (Theodisce ''Bredenbock''), [[Dübbekold]] (Theodisce ''Dübbekold''), [[Gorenthin (vicus)|Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin"/> (Theodisce ''Göhrde''), [[Govelin]] (Theodisce ''Govelin''), [[Kollase]] (Theodisce ''Kollase''), [[Metzinga (Gorenthin)|Metzinga]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Metzingen'') -caput communis-, [[Plumbohm]] (Theodisce ''Plumbohm''), [[Sarenseck]] (Theodisce ''Sarenseck''), [[Schmardavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Schmardau''), [[Schmessavia]]<ref name="-avia"/> (Theodisce ''Schmessau''), [[Tollendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Tollendorf'') atque [[Wedderia]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Wedderien'') pertinent. Gorenthin pars communis generalis [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Nachstellung der Schlacht an der Göhrde IMG 4092.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Anno [[2009]], pugna apud Gorenthin ab [[histrio]]nibus demonstrata est.]] Gorenthin ab anno [[1671]] pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Anno [[1813]], Francorum copiae in pugna apud Gorenthin victi sunt. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gorenthin ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ex anno [[2006]] pars [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] ,vici supra dicti ad Gorenthin adiuncti sunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Göhrde|Gorenthin}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170425115135/http://www.elbtalaue.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-5933/ Pagina communis generalis Pratorum Albis de Gorenthine scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gorenthin}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] g0da4lob1b386dra7h47d1lpzrfhp8i 0 198326 3983046 3982397 2026-08-21T23:33:21Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983046 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gartower See 2011-08-02.jpg|thumb|left|Lacus Gartoviae.]] '''Gartovia'''<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> seu '''Garchowa'''<ref>[https://kpbc.umk.pl/Content/23515/PDF/Pomorze_062_02.pdf?utm ''Pommersches Geschichtsdenkmal / genealogisches Repertorium. (1904)'']</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') oppidum [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Gartoviam etiam vici [[Gartovia (vicus)|Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia"/> (Theodisce ''Gartow''), [[Laasche]] (Theodisce ''Laasche'') atque [[Nienwalda]]<ref name="-walda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-wald'' seu ''-walde'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-walda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Dippoldiswalda]], [[Geringswalda]], [[Lawalda]], [[Rueckerswalda Magna]] apud [[Index urbium et communium Saxoniae|hunc articulum]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Nienwalde'') pertinent. Gartovia pars communis generalis [[Gartovia (commune generale)|eiusdem nominis]] est. == Geographia == Gartovia in terra Wenedorum iacet, iuxta fluvium [[Seege]] (Theodisce ''Seege''). Meridianus magna silva [[Abies|Abietum]], quae [[Abietes Gartovienses]] (Theodisce ''Gartower Tannen'' seu ''Gartower Forst'') nominatur, est. Hahnenberga<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Hahnenberge''), maxima acclivitas, 32 [[metrum|metra]] alta est. == Historia == Gartovia pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupata est. Annis a [[1810]] ad [[1813]], pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gartovia ab anno [[1946]] pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ab anno [[2006]] pars [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartoviae]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] vici supra dicti ad Gartoviam adiuncti sunt. == Res visendae == === Ecclesia === [[Fasciculus:Church_of_Gartow2.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Georgii Gartoviae.]] Anno 1724 [[Ecclesia]] [[Barocus|baroca]] Sancti Georgii aedificabatur. Ara [[aurum|aurea]] et podium eius bene apta sunt.<ref>Ernst-Günther Behn: ''Das Hannoversche Wendland – Kirchen und Kapellen'' (Lüchow, 2011), 56ff.</ref> Etiam [[Organum]], quod anno 1740 exstruebatur, visu dignum est. == Cives notabiles == * [[Carolus May]] scriptor anno [[1898]] hic aliquamdiu vixit et breve tempus Gartoviae incarceratus est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Gartow|Gartoviam}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141027160712/http://www.gartow.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-6131/ Pagina communis generalis Gartoviae] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] f8jqn1xkza3vc8qna5abprkadt4dqnt 0 198402 3983029 3982388 2026-08-21T22:40:31Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Gorleben]] ad [[Gorleba]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3982388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gorleben Kirche.JPG|thumb|left|Capella Gorleben]] '''Gorleben''' commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circuli Lüchow-Dannenberg]] est. Ad Gorleben etiam vicus Meetschow pertinet. Gorleben pars communis generalis [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartoviae]] est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:WendlandAntiNuclearProtest13.jpg|left|thumb|Cives Gorleben contra vecturas purgamentorum atomicorum domonstrant]] Gorleben vicus primo anno [[1360]] in actis descriptus est. Postea pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gorleben ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[2006]] pars [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartoviae]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] vicus Meetschow ad Gorleben adiunctus est. Ab anno [[1981]] hic despositorium purgamentorum atomicorum aedificatum est. Itque saepissime cives contra vecturas purgamentorum domonstrant. == Nexus externi == {{commonscat}} * [http://www.gorleben.de/ Pagina officialis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141027160818/http://www.gartow.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-6132/ Pagina communis generalis Gartoviae de Gorleben scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 14]] 60legpa0j6ecfgox6s1507o24jjiyyj 3983033 3983029 2026-08-21T22:58:17Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983033 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gorleben Kirche.JPG|thumb|left|Capella Gorlebae.]] '''Gorleba'''<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Gorlebam etiam vici [[Gorleba (vicus)|Gorleba]] (Theodisce ''Gorleben'') atque [[Meetschovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Buezzovium]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Meetschow'') pertinent. Gorleba pars communis generalis [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartoviae]] est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:WendlandAntiNuclearProtest13.jpg|left|thumb|Cives Gorlebenses contra vecturas purgamentorum atomicorum demonstrant.]] Gorleba primo anno [[1360]] in actis descripta est. Postea pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gorleba ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[2006]] pars [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartoviae]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] vicus Meetschovia ad Gorlebam adiunctus est. Ab anno [[1981]] hic despositorium purgamentorum atomicorum aedificatum est. Itque saepissime cives contra vecturas purgamentorum demonstrant. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Gorleben|Gorleba}} * [http://www.gorleben.de/ Pagina officialis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141027160818/http://www.gartow.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-6132/ Pagina communis generalis Gartoviae de Gorleba scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 14]] 3qanddpbl6ne4hxag2oy95er0y2bjmv 3983035 3983033 2026-08-21T23:09:46Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983035 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gorleben Kirche.JPG|thumb|left|Capella Gorlebae.]] '''Gorleba'''<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Gorlebam etiam vici [[Gorleba (vicus)|Gorleba]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Gorleben'') atque [[Meetschovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Buezzovium]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Meetschow'') pertinent. Gorleba pars communis generalis [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartoviae]] est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:WendlandAntiNuclearProtest13.jpg|left|thumb|Cives Gorlebenses contra vecturas purgamentorum atomicorum demonstrant.]] Gorleba primo anno [[1360]] in actis descripta est. Postea pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gorleba ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[2006]] pars [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartoviae]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] vicus Meetschovia ad Gorlebam adiunctus est. Ab anno [[1981]] hic despositorium purgamentorum atomicorum aedificatum est. Itque saepissime cives contra vecturas purgamentorum demonstrant. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Gorleben|Gorlebam}} * [http://www.gorleben.de/ Pagina officialis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141027160818/http://www.gartow.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-6132/ Pagina communis generalis Gartoviae de Gorleba scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 14]] 2pia1q3qh7es0z6x78ptrabp73hzrn7 3983045 3983035 2026-08-21T23:32:21Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983045 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gorleben Kirche.JPG|thumb|left|Capella Gorlebae.]] '''Gorleba'''<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Gorlebam etiam vici [[Gorleba (vicus)|Gorleba]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Gorleben'') atque [[Meetschovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Meetschow'') pertinent. Gorleba pars communis generalis [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartoviae]] est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:WendlandAntiNuclearProtest13.jpg|left|thumb|Cives Gorlebenses contra vecturas purgamentorum atomicorum demonstrant.]] Gorleba primo anno [[1360]] in actis descripta est. Postea pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gorleba ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[2006]] pars [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartoviae]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] vicus Meetschovia ad Gorlebam adiunctus est. Ab anno [[1981]] hic despositorium purgamentorum atomicorum aedificatum est. Itque saepissime cives contra vecturas purgamentorum demonstrant. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Gorleben|Gorlebam}} * [http://www.gorleben.de/ Pagina officialis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141027160818/http://www.gartow.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-6132/ Pagina communis generalis Gartoviae de Gorleba scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 14]] jjkvfmxwkulxbfabb9ajxjbgk3mflmk 0 198696 3982787 3982417 2026-08-21T13:07:06Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982787 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in WL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Harburgensi]] '''Circulus Harburgensis''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Harburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Horborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Harburg''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit et ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Winsenia]] est. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli fuit pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Ab anno [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circulus Harburgensis conditus est. Caput tum [[Hamburg-Harburg (regio urbana)|Harburgum]] erat. Quae urbs ab anno [[1937]] ad urbem [[Hamburgum]] pertinet. Tamen administratio circuli ad annum [[1945]] ibi mansit. Quod autem aedificia administrationis inter [[secundum bellum mundanum]] deleta erant, administratio in castellum [[Winsenia]]e translata est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Harburgensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Anno [[1958]] Winsenia caput perpetua circuli est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'') [[urbs]] et commune sui iuris (36.875 incolae) * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] (19.935) * [[Rosengarten (Saxonia Inferior)|Rosengarten]] (12.907) * [[Seevetal]] (39.921) * [[Stelle]] (10.827) * [[Winsenia]] (Theod.: ''Winsen (Luhe)'', 32.638, sedes administrationis) * [[Hanstedt (commune generale)|Hanstedt]] commune generale (13.747) ** [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden y des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'') (1903) ** [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'') (1767) ** [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'') (2395) ** [[Hanstedt (Circulus Harburgensis)|Hanstedt]], sedes administrationis (5317) ** [[Marxen]] (1386) ** [[Undeloh]] (979) * [[Hollenstedt (commune generale)|Hollenstedt]] commune generale (10.809) ** [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'') (1830) ** [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'') (744) ** [[Halvesbostel]] (728) ** [[Hollenstedt]], sedes administrationis (3400) ** [[Moisburg]] (1761) ** [[Regesbostel]] (1075) ** [[Wenzendorf]] (1271) * [[Jesteburg (commune generale)|Jesteburg]] commune generale (10.595) ** [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'') (2262) ** [[Harmstorf]] (884) ** [[Jesteburg]], sedes administrationis (7449) * [[Paludes Albis]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> (Theodisce ''Elbmarsch''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elvmasch'') commune generale (11.932) ** [[Drage (Albis)|Drage]]<ref name="Drage">'''Drage-es'''; declinatio regularis generis Graeci vel Latini in prima declinatione, aut ut nomen substantivum regulare primae declinationis in geographicis rationibus modernis tractatum. Quo de toponymo, vide: Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'') (4038) ** [[Marschacht]], sedes administrationis (3786) ** [[Tespe]] (4108) * [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] (14.065) ** [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'') (1235) ** [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'') (1081) ** [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'') (1449) ** [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'') (931) ** [[Salzhausen]], sedes administrationis (4642) ** [[Toppenstedt]] (2126) ** [[Vierhöfen]] (986) ** [[Wulfsen]] (1615) * [[Tostedt (commune generale)|Tostedt]] (25.018) ** [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'') (1080) ** [[Handeloh]] (2393) ** [[Heidenau (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenau]] (2098) ** [[Kakenstorf]] (1312) ** [[Königsmoor]] (638) ** [[Otter]] (1545) ** [[Tostedt]], sedes administrationis (13.089) ** [[Welle]] (1193) ** [[Wistedt]] (1670) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Harburg|Circulus Harburgensis}} * [http://www.landkreis-harburg.de/ Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Harburgensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] mxtsyuvrxx53fszdrxfk2862esn70c9 0 198995 3982786 3982366 2026-08-21T13:03:45Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Salzhausen''' commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]] est. Ad Salzhausen communia [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'') (1235 incolae), [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'')(1081), [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'') (1449), [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'') (931), [[Salzhausen]] (sedes administrationis, 4642), [[Toppenstedt]] (2126), [[Vierhöfen]] (986) atque [[Wulfsen]] (1615) pertinent. == Historia == Commune generale Salzhausen anno [[1972]] e communibus supra dictis constitutum est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.salzhausen.de/ Pagina Communis generalis Salzhausen] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1972]] s9jwbqppxzsl5waccsrphqei1zkq63b 0 199180 3983118 3593799 2026-08-22T03:14:14Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983118 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:GruliascoCentre.jpg|thumb|Gruliascum]] '''Gruliascum'''<ref>''DIZIONARIO GEOGRAFICO'' - Di GOFFREDO CASALIS, Voll. V.V., Torino 1833-1854</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Gruliascum|i|n}} (alia nomina<ref>''DIZIONARIO GEOGRAFICO'' - Di GOFFREDO CASALIS, Voll. V.V., Torino 1833-1854</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref>: ''Grugliascum'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Grugliasco|Grugliasco]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Pedemontium|Pedemontio]] et in [[Provincia Taurinensis|Provincia Taurinensi]] situm. Incolae ''Gruliascenses'' appellantur. == Insignia == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' Fasciculus:Merito civile silver medal BAR.svg|''[[Municipium nomisma argentea civilis virtutis causa tributum]]'' </gallery> == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Pedemontium]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Taurinensis]], * [[Augusta Taurinorum]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100227030636/http://www.comune.grugliasco.to.it/ Pagina officialis] {{CommuniaCat|Grugliasco|Gruliascum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map - IT - Torino - Municipality code 1120.svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Taurinensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in Urbe metropolitana Taurinensi]] nrrhi26yqpoh6mdqr3a5yjbjag2bf18 0 204436 3983025 3433718 2026-08-21T22:23:18Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983025 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:FabrezanVillage.png |thumb|200 px|Fabrezan: despectus in vicum]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 11132.png|thumb|left|250px|Fabrezan: communis tabula]] ''' Fabrezan''' ([[Occitanice]] ''Fabresan'') est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'263 incolarum (anno [[2010]]) praefecturae [[Atax (praefectura Franciae)|Atacis]] in regione australi [[Occitania et Ruscino]]ne. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Atacis|Indicem communium praefecturae Atacis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Fabrezan|Fabrezan}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150908001041/http://www.fabrezan.fr/ Fabrezan pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|11132|de=Fabrezan}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ataxis]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ataxis]] 8oonwil6xpul3etvij8wi3xhvxbngf3 0 211679 3982960 3525594 2026-08-21T19:48:14Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982960 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Donoris'''<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/faraejohannisfra13fara/faraejohannisfra13fara_djvu.txt "Farae Johannis Francisci sassarensis De chorographia Sardiniae : libri duo De rebus sardois : libri quatuor ex recensione Victorii Angius ex S.P. R.T.S.A.S.A.L. : tomus primus : L. II. Chorog. continens, additio lexico ejusdem et oratione de laudibus auctoris"]</ref><ref>[http://www.pittau.it/Sardo/top_sard_meridionale.html Massimo Pittau - TOPONIMI DELLA SARDEGNA MERIDIONALE, Significato e origine]</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Donoris|is|m}} (alia nomina<ref>[http://www.pittau.it/Sardo/top_sard_settentrionale.html Massimo Pittau - TOPONIMI DELLA SARDEGNA SETTENTRIONALE, Significato e origine]</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref>: ''Villa de Honori'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Donori|Donori]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Sardinia]] et in [[Provincia Caralitana]] situm. Incolae ''Donorenses'' appellantur. Municipium in [[Pars Doliae|Parte Doliae]], historica ac geographicia terra situm. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Geographia == * [[Pars Doliae]] seu [[Regio Doliae]] (''terra''), == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Sardinia]] (''regio et insula''), * [[Provincia Caralitana]], * [[Pars Doliae]] seu [[Regio Doliae]] (''terra''), * [[Caralis]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20201026003618/https://www.comune.donori.ca.it/ Pagina officialis] {{CommuniaCat|Donori|Donorem}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Donori (province of Cagliari, region Sardinia, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Caralitana. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Caralis]] [[Categoria:Pars Doliae]] [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Sardiniae Australis]] nr04zn96srzxrb2fsw9lb0lb4mcgs0z 0 216135 3982857 3982704 2026-08-21T15:11:45Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982857 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communia et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auricum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auricum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bücken''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinste]]<ref name="Vanni & Rossi 2012">Vanni, D., & Rossi, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Index Nominum Geographicorum Locorumque Mundi Latine Redditus''. Societas Latina.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derental]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Didderse]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklage]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Drage (Albis)|Drage]]<ref name="Drage">'''Drage-es'''; declinatio regularis generis Graeci vel Latini in prima declinatione, aut ut nomen substantivum regulare primae declinationis in geographicis rationibus modernis tractatum. Quo de toponymo, vide: Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentwede]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf'' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eime]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eimke]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Elvede]]<ref name="Hoops 2003">Hoops, J. (Ed.) (2003). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch III: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. Biliveldae: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Eschede]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Frideburgum]]<ref name="Frideburgum">Vide [https://www.heimatbund-finnentrop.de/index_htm_files/Staats-%20u.%20Reisegeogr.%205.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Beschreibung derer merkwürdigsten Oerter''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Frideburg, Friedeburg, lat. Frideburgum'''. Liegt im Fürstenthum Ostfriesland, an den Grenzen der Grafschaft Oldenburg (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Friedeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freborg'' seu ''Freebörg'')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedland]]<ref name="Friedland">Theodiscum toponymum ''Friedland' in Latinam "Friedlandia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friedland'')</small> * [[Frisoyta]]<ref name="Frisoyta">Vide [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363707446_Der_Status_animarum_im_Hochstift_Munster_und_die_Alphabetisierung_im_landlichen_Raum_eines_geistlichen_Furstentums_im_17_und_18_Jahrhundert ''Der Status animarum im Hochstift Münster und die Alphabetisierung im ländlichen Raum eines geistlichen Fürstentums im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert''], ubi dicitur "(...) Specificatio catholic[orum] et acatholicorum in Frisoyta (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friesoythe''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ait''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aithe'')</small> * [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'')</small> * [[Furstenberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fürstenberg'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesee]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ganderkesee''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gannerseer'')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gandesbergen'')</small> * [[Garbsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garbsen'')</small> * [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garrel'')</small> * [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'')</small> * [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Buezzovium]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'')</small> * [[Geeste]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Geeste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Choeiste'')</small> * [[Geestlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Geestland'')</small> * [[Gehrde]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde'')</small> * [[Georgsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Georgsdorf'')</small> * [[Gerdavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gerdau'')</small> * [[Gerdinum]]<ref name="Gerdinium">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/gehrden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der spätere Flecken möglicherweis erstmals als ''Gerdinum'' im Verzeichnis der Schenkungen (''Traditionen'') an das Kloster Corvey erwähnt, das um 826/76 angelegt wurde (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gieren'')</small> * [[Gersta]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gersten'')</small> * [[Getelo]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'')</small> * [[Gevensleba]] <ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gevensleben'')</small> * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'')</small> * [[Giesa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Giesen'')</small> * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gilten'')</small> * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'')</small> * [[Gleicha]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gleichen'')</small> * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'')</small> * [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'')</small> * [[Goldenstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Goldenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gollnste'')</small> * [[Gölenkamp]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'')</small> * [[Golmbach]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'')</small> * [[Gorleben]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorst]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Grasberg]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Grasleben]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Grethem]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Gronau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Berßen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Großefehn]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Großenkneten]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Großenwörden]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Großheide]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Ippener]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Meckelsen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Oesingen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Twülpstedt]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grünendeich]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Guderhandviertel]] * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusborn]] * [[Gyhum]] {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hademstorf]] * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hage]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagen am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Hagen im Bremischen]] * [[Hagenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagermarsch]] * [[Hahausen]] * [[Halbemond]] * [[Halle (comitatus Binethensis)|Halle]] <small>(b.Neuenhaus)</small> * [[Halle (Holtisminni)|Halle]] <small>(Montes Visurgis)</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hambergen]] * [[Hambühren]] * [[Hämelhausen]] * [[Hamersen]] * [[Hammah]] * [[Handeloh]] * [[Handorf]] * [[Handrup]] * [[Hankensbüttel]] * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hann. Münden]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Hanstedt (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstedt]] <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> * [[Hanstedt (Nordheide)|Hanstedt]] <small>(Nordheide)</small> * [[Harbarnsen]] * [[Hardegsen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haren (Amisia)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Harmstorf]] * [[Harpstedt]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsefeld]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsum]] * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasbergen]] * [[Haselünne]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haßbergen]] * [[Hassel (Weser)]] * [[Hassendorf]] * [[Haste]] * [[Hatten]] * [[Hattorf ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Häuslingen]] * [[Haverlah]] * [[Hechthausen]] * [[Hedeper]] * [[Heede (Emsland)|Heede]] * [[Heemsen]] * [[Heere]] * [[Heeslingen]] * [[Heeßen]] * [[Hehlen]] * [[Heidenau (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenau]] * [[Heinade]] * [[Heinbockel]] * [[Heiningen (Niedersachsen)|Heiningen]] * [[Heinsen]] * [[Hellwege]] * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsen]] * [[Helvesiek]] * [[Hemmingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemsbünde]] * [[Hemslingen]] * [[Hemsloh]] * [[Hepstedt]] * [[Herzberg am Harz]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Herzlake]] * [[Hesel]] * [[Hespe]] * [[Hessisch Oldendorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Heuerßen]] * [[Heyen]] * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissen]] * [[Hilkenbrook]] * [[Hillerse]] * [[Hilter am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Himbergen]] * [[Himmelpforten]] * [[Hinte]] * [[Hipstedt]] * [[Hittbergen]] * [[Hitzacker]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hodenhagen]] * [[Höhbeck]] * [[Hohenhameln]] * [[Hohne]] * [[Hohnhorst]] * [[Hohnstorf (Albis)]] * [[Holdorf (Niedersachsen)|Holdorf]] * [[Holenberg]] * [[Holle]] * [[Hollenstedt]] * [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]] * [[Hollnseth]] * [[Holste]] * [[Holtgast]] * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtland]] * [[Holzen (prope Eschershusam)|Holzen]] * [[Hoogstede]] * [[Hörden ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Horneburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Horstedt (Niedersachsen)|Horstedt]] * [[Hoya]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hoyerhagen]] * [[Hoyershausen]] * [[Hude (Oldenburg)]] * [[Hüde]] * [[Hülsede]] * [[Husum (bei Nienburg)|Husum]] * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte'')</small> * [[Hüven]] {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ihlienworth]] * [[Ihlow (Frisia Orientalis)|Ihlow]] * [[Ilsede]] * [[Ingeleben]] * [[Isenbüttel]] * [[Isernhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Isterberg]] * [[Itterbeck]] {{div col end}} === J === {{div col|3}} * [[Jade (Saxonia Inferior)|Jade]] * [[Jameln]] * [[Jelmstorf]] * [[Jembke]] * [[Jemgum]] * [[Jerxheim]] * [[Jesteburg]] * [[Jork]] * [[Jühnde]] * [[Juist]] {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorf]] * [[Kalbe (Niedersachsen)|Kalbe]] * [[Kalefeld]] * [[Karwitz]] * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] * [[Kettenkamp]] * [[Kirchbrak]] * [[Kirchdorf (bei Sulingen)|Kirchdorf]] * [[Kirchgellersen]] * [[Kirchlinteln]] * [[Kirchseelte]] * [[Kirchtimke]] * [[Kirchwalsede]] * [[Kissenbrück]] * [[Klein Berßen]] * [[Klein Meckelsen]] * [[Kluse (Emsland)|Kluse]] * [[Kneitlingen]] * [[Köhlen]] * [[Königsmoor]] * [[Kranenburg (Oste)|Kranenburg]] * [[Krebeck]] * [[Krummendeich]] * [[Krummhörn]] * [[Kührstedt]] * [[Küsten]] * [[Kutenholz]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laar]] * [[Laatzen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Lachendorf]] * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] * [[Lähden]] * [[Lahn (Hümmling)|Lahn]] * ''[[Lamspringe]]'' * [[Lamstedt]] * [[Landesbergen]] * [[Landolfshausen]] * [[Landwehr (Gemeinde)|Landwehr]] * [[Langelsheim]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * '''[[Langen (bei Bremerhaven)|Langen]]''' <small>(b.Bremerhaven)</small> * [[Langen (Emsland)|Langen]] <small>(Emsland)</small> * [[Langendorf (Elbe)|Langendorf]] * [[Langenhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Langeoog]] * [[Langlingen]] * [[Langwedel (Weser)|Langwedel]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lastrup]] * [[Lathen]] * [[Lauenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenbrück]] * [[Lauenförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenhagen]] * [[Leese]] * [[Leezdorf]] * [[Lehe (Emsland)|Lehe]] * [[Lehre (Niedersachsen)|Lehre]] * [[Lehrte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Leiferde]] * [[Lembruch]] * [[Lemförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lemgow]] * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengede]] * [[Lengenbostel]] * [[Lengerich (Emsland)|Lengerich]] * [[Lenne (Niedersachsen)|Lenne]] * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Liebenau (Niedersachsen)|Liebenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Liebenburg]] * [[Lilienthal]] * [[Lindern (Oldenburg)]] * [[Lindhorst]] * [[Lindwedel]] * [[Lingen (Ems)]] <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Linsburg]] * [[Lintig]] * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lohne (Oldenburg)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Löningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Lorup]] * [[Loxstedt]] * [[Lübberstedt]] * [[Lübbow]] * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] * [[Lüder (Lüneburger Heide)|Lüder]] * [[Lüdersburg]] * [[Lüdersfeld]] * [[Lüerdissen]] * [[Luhden]] * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lünne]] * [[Lütetsburg]] * ''[[Lutter am Barenberge]]'' * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasen]] * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Marienhafe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Marienhagen]] * [[Mariental (Niedersachsen)|Mariental]] * [[Marklohe]] * [[Marl (Dümmer)|Marl]] * [[Marschacht]] * [[Martfeld]] * [[Marxen]] * [[Mechtersen]] * [[Meerbeck]] * [[Meine]] * [[Meinersen]] * [[Melbeck]] * [[Melle]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Mellinghausen]] * [[Menslage]] * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merzen]] * [[Messenkamp]] * [[Messingen]] * [[Midlum (Land Wursten)|Midlum]] * [[Misselwarden]] * [[Mittelnkirchen]] * [[Mittelstenahe]] * [[Moisburg]] * [[Molbergen]] * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Moormerland]] * [[Moorweg]] * [[Moringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Müden (Alara)]] * [[Mulsum (Land Wursten)|Mulsum]] * [[Mundia Hannoverana]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Munster (Örtze)|Munster]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorf]] * [[Natendorf]] * [[Neetze]] * [[Negenborn]] * [[Nenndorf (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorf]] * [[Neubörger]] * [[Neu Darchau]] * [[Neuenhaus]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Altes Land)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Altes Land)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (bei Bassum)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(b.Bassum)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Land Hadeln)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Landkreis Osnabrück)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lkr.Osnabrück)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Lüneburger Heide)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lüneb.Heide)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] * [[Neuharlingersiel]] * [[Neuhaus (Oste)]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Neuhof (Landkreis Hildesheim)|Neuhof]] * [[Neukamperfehn]] * [[Neulehe]] * [[Neuschoo]] * [[Neustadt am Rübenberge]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] * [[Niederlangen]] * [[Niedernwöhren]] * [[Niemetal]] * [[Nienhagen (Landkreis Celle)|Nienhagen]] * [[Nienstädt]] * [[Norden]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordenham]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Norderney]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordholz]] * [[Nordleda]] * [[Nordsehl]] * [[Nordstemmen]] * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] * [[Nortrup]] * [[Nottensdorf]] * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] * [[Rohrsen]] * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spelle]] * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] * [[Warpe]] * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] ppoz0xtsso44exccbztmfk31tq2bcam 3983092 3982857 2026-08-22T02:14:27Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983092 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communia et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auricum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auricum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bücken''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinste]]<ref name="Vanni & Rossi 2012">Vanni, D., & Rossi, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Index Nominum Geographicorum Locorumque Mundi Latine Redditus''. Societas Latina.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derental]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Didderse]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklage]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Drage (Albis)|Drage]]<ref name="Drage">'''Drage-es'''; declinatio regularis generis Graeci vel Latini in prima declinatione, aut ut nomen substantivum regulare primae declinationis in geographicis rationibus modernis tractatum. Quo de toponymo, vide: Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentwede]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf'' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eime]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eimke]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Elvede]]<ref name="Hoops 2003">Hoops, J. (Ed.) (2003). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch III: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. Biliveldae: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Eschede]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Frideburgum]]<ref name="Frideburgum">Vide [https://www.heimatbund-finnentrop.de/index_htm_files/Staats-%20u.%20Reisegeogr.%205.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Beschreibung derer merkwürdigsten Oerter''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Frideburg, Friedeburg, lat. Frideburgum'''. Liegt im Fürstenthum Ostfriesland, an den Grenzen der Grafschaft Oldenburg (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Friedeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freborg'' seu ''Freebörg'')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedland]]<ref name="Friedland">Theodiscum toponymum ''Friedland' in Latinam "Friedlandia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friedland'')</small> * [[Frisoyta]]<ref name="Frisoyta">Vide [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363707446_Der_Status_animarum_im_Hochstift_Munster_und_die_Alphabetisierung_im_landlichen_Raum_eines_geistlichen_Furstentums_im_17_und_18_Jahrhundert ''Der Status animarum im Hochstift Münster und die Alphabetisierung im ländlichen Raum eines geistlichen Fürstentums im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert''], ubi dicitur "(...) Specificatio catholic[orum] et acatholicorum in Frisoyta (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friesoythe''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ait''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aithe'')</small> * [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'')</small> * [[Furstenberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fürstenberg'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesee]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ganderkesee''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gannerseer'')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gandesbergen'')</small> * [[Garbsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garbsen'')</small> * [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garrel'')</small> * [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'')</small> * [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'')</small> * [[Geeste]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Geeste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Choeiste'')</small> * [[Geestlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Geestland'')</small> * [[Gehrde]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde'')</small> * [[Georgsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Georgsdorf'')</small> * [[Gerdavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gerdau'')</small> * [[Gerdinum]]<ref name="Gerdinium">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/gehrden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der spätere Flecken möglicherweis erstmals als ''Gerdinum'' im Verzeichnis der Schenkungen (''Traditionen'') an das Kloster Corvey erwähnt, das um 826/76 angelegt wurde (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gieren'')</small> * [[Gersta]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gersten'')</small> * [[Getelo]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'')</small> * [[Gevensleba]] <ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gevensleben'')</small> * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'')</small> * [[Giesa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Giesen'')</small> * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gilten'')</small> * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'')</small> * [[Gleicha]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gleichen'')</small> * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'')</small> * [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'')</small> * [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'')</small> * [[Goldenstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Goldenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gollnste'')</small> * [[Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'')</small> * [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'')</small> * [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'')</small> * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorst]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Grasberg]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Grasleben]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Grethem]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Gronau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Berßen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Großefehn]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Großenkneten]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Großenwörden]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Großheide]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Ippener]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Meckelsen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Oesingen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Groß Twülpstedt]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grünendeich]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Guderhandviertel]] * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusborn]] * [[Gyhum]] {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hademstorf]] * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hage]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagen am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Hagen im Bremischen]] * [[Hagenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagermarsch]] * [[Hahausen]] * [[Halbemond]] * [[Halle (comitatus Binethensis)|Halle]] <small>(b.Neuenhaus)</small> * [[Halle (Holtisminni)|Halle]] <small>(Montes Visurgis)</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hambergen]] * [[Hambühren]] * [[Hämelhausen]] * [[Hamersen]] * [[Hammah]] * [[Handeloh]] * [[Handorf]] * [[Handrup]] * [[Hankensbüttel]] * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hann. Münden]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Hanstedt (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstedt]] <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> * [[Hanstedt (Nordheide)|Hanstedt]] <small>(Nordheide)</small> * [[Harbarnsen]] * [[Hardegsen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haren (Amisia)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Harmstorf]] * [[Harpstedt]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsefeld]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsum]] * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasbergen]] * [[Haselünne]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haßbergen]] * [[Hassel (Weser)]] * [[Hassendorf]] * [[Haste]] * [[Hatten]] * [[Hattorf ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Häuslingen]] * [[Haverlah]] * [[Hechthausen]] * [[Hedeper]] * [[Heede (Emsland)|Heede]] * [[Heemsen]] * [[Heere]] * [[Heeslingen]] * [[Heeßen]] * [[Hehlen]] * [[Heidenau (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenau]] * [[Heinade]] * [[Heinbockel]] * [[Heiningen (Niedersachsen)|Heiningen]] * [[Heinsen]] * [[Hellwege]] * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsen]] * [[Helvesiek]] * [[Hemmingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemsbünde]] * [[Hemslingen]] * [[Hemsloh]] * [[Hepstedt]] * [[Herzberg am Harz]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Herzlake]] * [[Hesel]] * [[Hespe]] * [[Hessisch Oldendorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Heuerßen]] * [[Heyen]] * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissen]] * [[Hilkenbrook]] * [[Hillerse]] * [[Hilter am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Himbergen]] * [[Himmelpforten]] * [[Hinte]] * [[Hipstedt]] * [[Hittbergen]] * [[Hitzacker]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hodenhagen]] * [[Höhbeck]] * [[Hohenhameln]] * [[Hohne]] * [[Hohnhorst]] * [[Hohnstorf (Albis)]] * [[Holdorf (Niedersachsen)|Holdorf]] * [[Holenberg]] * [[Holle]] * [[Hollenstedt]] * [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]] * [[Hollnseth]] * [[Holste]] * [[Holtgast]] * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtland]] * [[Holzen (prope Eschershusam)|Holzen]] * [[Hoogstede]] * [[Hörden ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Horneburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Horstedt (Niedersachsen)|Horstedt]] * [[Hoya]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hoyerhagen]] * [[Hoyershausen]] * [[Hude (Oldenburg)]] * [[Hüde]] * [[Hülsede]] * [[Husum (bei Nienburg)|Husum]] * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte'')</small> * [[Hüven]] {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ihlienworth]] * [[Ihlow (Frisia Orientalis)|Ihlow]] * [[Ilsede]] * [[Ingeleben]] * [[Isenbüttel]] * [[Isernhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Isterberg]] * [[Itterbeck]] {{div col end}} === J === {{div col|3}} * [[Jade (Saxonia Inferior)|Jade]] * [[Jameln]] * [[Jelmstorf]] * [[Jembke]] * [[Jemgum]] * [[Jerxheim]] * [[Jesteburg]] * [[Jork]] * [[Jühnde]] * [[Juist]] {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorf]] * [[Kalbe (Niedersachsen)|Kalbe]] * [[Kalefeld]] * [[Karwitz]] * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] * [[Kettenkamp]] * [[Kirchbrak]] * [[Kirchdorf (bei Sulingen)|Kirchdorf]] * [[Kirchgellersen]] * [[Kirchlinteln]] * [[Kirchseelte]] * [[Kirchtimke]] * [[Kirchwalsede]] * [[Kissenbrück]] * [[Klein Berßen]] * [[Klein Meckelsen]] * [[Kluse (Emsland)|Kluse]] * [[Kneitlingen]] * [[Köhlen]] * [[Königsmoor]] * [[Kranenburg (Oste)|Kranenburg]] * [[Krebeck]] * [[Krummendeich]] * [[Krummhörn]] * [[Kührstedt]] * [[Küsten]] * [[Kutenholz]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laar]] * [[Laatzen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Lachendorf]] * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] * [[Lähden]] * [[Lahn (Hümmling)|Lahn]] * ''[[Lamspringe]]'' * [[Lamstedt]] * [[Landesbergen]] * [[Landolfshausen]] * [[Landwehr (Gemeinde)|Landwehr]] * [[Langelsheim]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * '''[[Langen (bei Bremerhaven)|Langen]]''' <small>(b.Bremerhaven)</small> * [[Langen (Emsland)|Langen]] <small>(Emsland)</small> * [[Langendorf (Elbe)|Langendorf]] * [[Langenhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Langeoog]] * [[Langlingen]] * [[Langwedel (Weser)|Langwedel]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lastrup]] * [[Lathen]] * [[Lauenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenbrück]] * [[Lauenförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenhagen]] * [[Leese]] * [[Leezdorf]] * [[Lehe (Emsland)|Lehe]] * [[Lehre (Niedersachsen)|Lehre]] * [[Lehrte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Leiferde]] * [[Lembruch]] * [[Lemförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lemgow]] * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengede]] * [[Lengenbostel]] * [[Lengerich (Emsland)|Lengerich]] * [[Lenne (Niedersachsen)|Lenne]] * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Liebenau (Niedersachsen)|Liebenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Liebenburg]] * [[Lilienthal]] * [[Lindern (Oldenburg)]] * [[Lindhorst]] * [[Lindwedel]] * [[Lingen (Ems)]] <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Linsburg]] * [[Lintig]] * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lohne (Oldenburg)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Löningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Lorup]] * [[Loxstedt]] * [[Lübberstedt]] * [[Lübbow]] * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] * [[Lüder (Lüneburger Heide)|Lüder]] * [[Lüdersburg]] * [[Lüdersfeld]] * [[Lüerdissen]] * [[Luhden]] * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lünne]] * [[Lütetsburg]] * ''[[Lutter am Barenberge]]'' * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasen]] * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Marienhafe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Marienhagen]] * [[Mariental (Niedersachsen)|Mariental]] * [[Marklohe]] * [[Marl (Dümmer)|Marl]] * [[Marschacht]] * [[Martfeld]] * [[Marxen]] * [[Mechtersen]] * [[Meerbeck]] * [[Meine]] * [[Meinersen]] * [[Melbeck]] * [[Melle]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Mellinghausen]] * [[Menslage]] * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merzen]] * [[Messenkamp]] * [[Messingen]] * [[Midlum (Land Wursten)|Midlum]] * [[Misselwarden]] * [[Mittelnkirchen]] * [[Mittelstenahe]] * [[Moisburg]] * [[Molbergen]] * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Moormerland]] * [[Moorweg]] * [[Moringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Müden (Alara)]] * [[Mulsum (Land Wursten)|Mulsum]] * [[Mundia Hannoverana]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Munster (Örtze)|Munster]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorf]] * [[Natendorf]] * [[Neetze]] * [[Negenborn]] * [[Nenndorf (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorf]] * [[Neubörger]] * [[Neu Darchau]] * [[Neuenhaus]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Altes Land)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Altes Land)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (bei Bassum)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(b.Bassum)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Land Hadeln)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Landkreis Osnabrück)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lkr.Osnabrück)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Lüneburger Heide)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lüneb.Heide)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] * [[Neuharlingersiel]] * [[Neuhaus (Oste)]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Neuhof (Landkreis Hildesheim)|Neuhof]] * [[Neukamperfehn]] * [[Neulehe]] * [[Neuschoo]] * [[Neustadt am Rübenberge]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] * [[Niederlangen]] * [[Niedernwöhren]] * [[Niemetal]] * [[Nienhagen (Landkreis Celle)|Nienhagen]] * [[Nienstädt]] * [[Norden]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordenham]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Norderney]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordholz]] * [[Nordleda]] * [[Nordsehl]] * [[Nordstemmen]] * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] * [[Nortrup]] * [[Nottensdorf]] * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] * [[Rohrsen]] * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spelle]] * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] * [[Warpe]] * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] rgsl5wy2gnp6orfpi60bky2oxi2tm51 0 218488 3982882 3592822 2026-08-21T15:47:58Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982882 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Cornu (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Corno Giovine - Fornace.JPG|thumb|Cornu Iuvene]] '''Cornu Iuvene''' ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Corno Giovine|Corno Giovine]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 1&thinsp;200 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Laudensis|Provincia Laudensi]] situm. Incolae ''Cornuiuvenenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Laudensis]], * [[Laus Nova]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210723025155/https://www.comune.cornogiovine.lo.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Corno Giovine|Cornu Iuvene}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Corno Giovine (province of Lodi, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Laudensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Laudis Novae]] htm5femlob5qike9b2jry8hp34409ez 0 218612 3983119 3525700 2026-08-22T03:22:09Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983119 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Guardamilium'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=bu1XAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA81&lpg=PA81&dq=%22Guardamilium%22+Laudensis&source=bl&ots=2-xUdDmUF5&sig=82oZy9yRyhMPFVNPajUCwoM1jsQ&hl=it&sa=X&ei=duWxU6CGLYO5O8ebgbAN&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Guardamilium%22%20Laudensis&f=false Thesaurus Antiquitatum Et Historiarum Italiae, Mari Ligustico & Alpibus Vicinae: quo continentur Optimi quique Scriptores, Qui Ligvrvm Et Insvbrvm, Seu Genvensivm Et Mediolanensivm, Confiniumque Populorum ac Civitatium Res Antiquas, aliasque vario tempore gestas, memoriae prodiderunt, Volume 3,Edizione 2 (Google eBook)].</ref> {{victio|Guardamilium|ii|n}} (etiam ''Guardia Aemilii''<ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini.</ref>) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]] ''[[:it:Guardamiglio|Guardamiglio]]'') est [[oppidum]] et [[commune Italiae|commune]] [[Italia|Italicum]], circiter 2700 incolarum, in [[Provincia Laudensis|Provincia Laudensi]] [[Regio Italiae|Regionis]] [[Langobardia]]e situm. Incolae Guardamilienses appellantur. {{NexInt}} * [[Laus Nova]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Guardamiglio|Guardamilium}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211226183809/http://www.comune.guardamiglio.lo.it/ Situs oppidi proprius.] == Notae == <references/> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Laudis Novae]] eokx2s47yfv0zqf20nx4ketr21he5l0 0 218613 3983068 3896131 2026-08-22T01:16:18Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983068 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Garfiniana'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160305013105/http://www.italiapedia.it/comune-di-graffignana_Storia-098-028 www.italiapedia.it]</ref> {{victio|Garfiniana|ae|f}} (alia nomina: ''Carfiniana'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Graffignana|Graffignana]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 2&thinsp;600 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Laudensis|Provincia Laudensi]] situm. Incolae ''Garfinianenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Clari cives == * [[Ludovicus Carolus Borromeo]], ([[1893]]-[[1975]]), episcopus pisaurensis == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Laudensis]], * [[Laus Nova]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141022060341/http://www.comune.graffignana.lo.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Graffignana|Garfinianam}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Graffignana (province of Lodi, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Laudensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Laudis Novae]] 0stoe9rzmh1ecubpm90po39onq2vzvy 0 219291 3982887 3592825 2026-08-21T15:51:41Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Centrale idroelettrica Esterle.jpg|thumb|Coronata]] '''Coronata'''<ref>{{Graesse}}</ref> {{victio|Coronata|ae|f}} (alia nomina: ''Cornata''<ref>{{Graesse}}</ref>, ''Coronate''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=eodYAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Memorie spettanti alla storia, al governo ed alla descrizione della città, e della campagna di Milano, ne' secoli bassi, Volume 9 (Google eBook) conte Giorgio Giulini, Stamperia di G. Bianchi, 1760]</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref>) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Cornate d'Adda|Cornate d'Adda]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 10&thinsp;450 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Modiciensis et Brigantina|Provincia Modiciensi et Brigantina]] situm. Incolae ''Coronatenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Geographia == * [[Brigantia (Italia)|Brigantia]] (''terra''), == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Modiciensis et Brigantina]], * [[Brigantia (Italia)|Brigantia]] (''terra''), * [[Modicia]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220411150756/https://www.comune.cornatedadda.mb.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Cornate d'Adda|Coronatam}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Cornate d'Adda (province of Monza and Brianza, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Modiciensi et Brigantina. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Modiciae et Brigantiae]] [[Categoria:Municipia in Brigantia]] fjve7lruok8328vvo5c0lj9devjuu1v 0 228132 3983071 3593706 2026-08-22T01:26:07Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983071 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Navigli di Milano Naviglio Grande a Gaggiano01.jpg|thumb|Gazanum]] '''Gazanum'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=eodYAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Memorie spettanti alla storia, al governo ed alla descrizione della città, e della campagna di Milano, ne' secoli bassi, Volume 9 (Google eBook) conte Giorgio Giulini, Stamperia di G. Bianchi, 1760]</ref> {{victio|Gazanum|i|n}} (alia nomina: ''Gazianum''<ref name="graesse">{{Graesse}}}</ref>) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Gaggiano|Gaggiano]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 9&thinsp;010 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Urbs metropolitana Mediolanensis|Urbe metropolitana Mediolanensi]] situm. Incolae ''Gazanenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Urbs metropolitana Mediolanensis]], * [[Provincia Mediolanensis]], * [[Mediolanum]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060820173124/http://www.comune.gaggiano.mi.it/ Pagina officialis] {{CommuniaCat|Gaggiano|Gazanum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Gaggiano (province of Milan, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Urbe metropolitana Mediolanensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in Urbe metropolitana Mediolanensi]] i9o8syzz1w4bvowejwqp33wgy1jzj8g 0 230776 3982903 3714785 2026-08-21T16:56:58Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Cuvasium'''<ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref><ref>[http://www.lombardiabeniculturali.it/istituzioni/schede/11000323/?view=toponimi&hid= www.lombardiabeniculturali.it]</ref> {{victio|Cuvasium|ii|n}} vel '''Cuvaxum'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150225032339/http://lnx.comune.cuassoalmonte.va.it/cenni-storici/ www.comune.cuassoalmonte.va.it]</ref> {{victio|Cuvaxum|ii|n}} (alia nomina: ''Cuvasium ad Montem'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Cuasso al Monte|Cuasso al Monte]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 3&thinsp;600 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Varisiensis|Provincia Varisiensi]] situm. Incolae ''Cuvasienses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Varisiensis]], * [[Baretium]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210411124724/https://www.comune.cuassoalmonte.va.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Cuasso al Monte|Cuvasium}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Cuasso al Monte (province of Varese, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Varisiensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Baretii]] icyvywpse09ub25g88yrnc17yzdantz 0 231062 3983117 3778817 2026-08-22T03:03:54Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983117 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Grantora'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150717081528/http://www.comune.grantola.va.it/index.php/cultura-e-territorio www.comune.grantola.va.it]</ref> {{victio|Grantora|ae|f}} (alia nomina: ''Grantola'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Grantola|Grantola]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 1&thinsp;290 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Varisiensis|Provincia Varisiensi]] situm. Incolae ''Grantorenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Geographia == * [[Vallis Travallia]] == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Varisiensis]], * [[Baretium]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150224053150/http://www.comune.grantola.va.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Grantola|Grantoram}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Grantola (province of Varese, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Varisiensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Baretii]] [[Categoria:Vallis Travallia]] m01nf1hebmad5uiiztwoz4v2h1fl7rl 0 231409 3983073 3593709 2026-08-22T01:29:20Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983073 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Scamnum (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gazzada (VA) - Panorama.jpg|thumb|Gazzada Scamnum]] '''Gazzada Scamnum''' ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Gazzada Schianno|Gazzada Schianno]]'') est [[Commune Italiae|municipium]] [[Italia]]e, circiter 4&thinsp;630 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Varisiensis|Provincia Varisiensi]] situm. Incolae ''Gazzadenses et Scamnenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Municipia abrogata === * [[Gazzada]] ''Gazzada'' * [[Scamnum (Gazzada Scamnum)|Scamnum]]<ref>{{Graesse}}</ref> ''Schianno'' === Fractiones === * [[Gazzada]] ''Gazzada'' (''sede municipalis''), * [[Scamnum (Gazzada Scamnum)|Scamnum]] ''Schianno'' == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Varisiensis]], * [[Baretium]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipia iuncta Italiae]], * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220307200717/http://comune.gazzada-schianno.va.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Gazzada Schianno|Gazzadam Scamnum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Gazzada Schianno (province of Varese, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Varisiensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Baretii]] [[Categoria:Municipia iuncta Italiae]] 4bttcq953btvhbqx4tt7xq8e3e3d2o0 0 236984 3983120 3717768 2026-08-22T03:23:52Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983120 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Guardistallum (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Guardistallo panoramica.jpg|thumb|Guardistallum]] '''Guardistallum'''<ref name=":0">{{Graesse}}</ref> {{victio|Guardistallum|i|n}} seu '''Stallum Gualdi'''<ref>{{Repetti}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161107123717/http://comuneguardistallo.pi.it/page.php?id=211 www.comuneguardistallo.pi.it]</ref> (alia nomina: ''Guadistallum''<ref name=":0" /> ''Wardestalla'',<ref name=":1">[https://books.google.it/books?id=c57ueHpzEvgC&pg=PA7&lpg=PA7&dq=%22Wardestallum%22&source=bl&ots=TpJpPT_TAk&sig=OONDQgPwkkh3woFwP8YpiXU968U&hl=it&sa=X&ei=IP9UVbHCGInfU7rAgfAJ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22Wardestallum%22&f=false Difesa del dominio de conti Della Gherardesca sopra la signoria di Donoratico, Bolgheri, Castagneto. & & raccomandata alla protezione della real corona di Toscana: 1. 1 (Google eBook) - 1771 - 615 pagine]</ref> ''Wardestallum'',<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161107123717/http://comuneguardistallo.pi.it/page.php?id=211 www.comuneguardistallo.pi.it]</ref>, ''Wardastallum''<ref name=":0" />) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Guardistallo|Guardistallo]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 1&thinsp;300 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Tuscia]], in [[Provincia Pisana]] et in [[Vallis Caecinae|Valle Caecinae]] situm. Incolae ''Guardistallenses'' appellantur. == Insignia == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' Fasciculus:Valor militare bronze medal BAR.svg|''[[Municipium nomismate aeneo ob virtutem militarem decoratum]]'' </gallery> == Geographia == * [[Vallis Caecinae]] (''terra''), == Clari cives == == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Volaterrana]] == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Fractiones === * ''Casino di Terra'' (''pars''). == Municipia finitima == * [[Castrum Bibonae]] ([[Provincia Liburnensis|LI]]), * [[Casalis in Maritima Volaterrana]], * [[Caecina (Italia)|Caecina]] ([[Provincia Liburnensis|LI]]), * [[Castrum Montis Leonis (Tuscia)|Castrum Montis Leonis]], * [[Mons Scutarius]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Tuscia]]m (''regionem''), * [[Provincia Pisana|Provinciam Pisanam]], * [[Vallis Caecinae|Vallem Caecinae]] (''terram''), * [[Pisae|Pisas]] (''urbem''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170528023639/http://www.comune.guardistallo.pi.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Guardistallo|Guardistallum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Guardistallo (province of Pisa, region Tuscany, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Pisana. Imago:Chiesa Santi Lorenzo e Agata Guardistallo.JPG|Ecclesia Stalli Gualdi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Pisarum]] [[Categoria:Municipia in Valle Caecinae]] rzs8ld2m6gbj4m3fdkyyyk9jqqttyss 0 237455 3982778 3505755 2026-08-21T12:10:33Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Gödenstorf]] ad [[Godenstorpium]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3505755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Gödenstorf''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]]. Ad commune etiam [[vicus]] Lübberstedt pertinet. Gödenstorf etiam pars communis generalis [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] est. == Historia == Gödenstorf vicus ignoto anno conditus atque anno [[1289]] nomine ''Godingstorpe'' primo in actis descriptus olim pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis a [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gödenstorf ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[1972]] pars [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] communis generalis est. Eodem anno Lübberstedt vicus ad commune adiunctus est. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} * [http://www.goedenstorf.de www.goedenstorf.de] * [http://www.salzhausen.de/buerger/portrait-der-samtgemeinde-salzhausen/die-mitgliedsgemeinden/ Pagina communis generalis Salzhausen] {{DEFAULTSORT:Goedenstorf}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] bfe0xqe4gypn0xwlk35rvqpxntde6x9 3982783 3982778 2026-08-21T12:56:43Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Godenstorpium'''<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]]. Ad commune etiam [[vici]] [[Godenstorpium (vicus)|Godenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium"/> (Theodisce ''Gödenstorf'') atque [[Lubberstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Lübberstedt'') pertinent. Godenstorpium etiam pars communis generalis [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] est. == Historia == Godenstorpium commune ignoto anno conditus atque anno [[1289]] nomine ''Godingstorpe'' primo in actis descriptum olim pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis a [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Godenstorpium ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[1972]] pars [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] communis generalis est. Eodem anno Lübberstedt vicus ad commune adiunctus est. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Gödenstorf|Godenstorpium}} * [http://www.goedenstorf.de www.goedenstorf.de] * [http://www.salzhausen.de/buerger/portrait-der-samtgemeinde-salzhausen/die-mitgliedsgemeinden/ Pagina communis generalis Salzhausen] {{DEFAULTSORT:Godenstorpium}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] a41xg670m1xq0egkrxde2bnwk95lads 3982784 3982783 2026-08-21T12:57:39Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Godenstorpium'''<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]]. Ad commune etiam [[vici]] [[Godenstorpium (vicus)|Godenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium"/> (Theodisce ''Gödenstorf'') atque [[Lubberstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Lübberstedt'') pertinent. Godenstorpium etiam pars communis generalis [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] est. == Historia == Godenstorpium commune ignoto anno conditus atque anno [[1289]] nomine ''Godingstorpe'' primo in actis descriptum olim pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis a [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Godenstorpium ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[1972]] pars [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] communis generalis est. Eodem anno Lübberstedt vicus ad commune adiunctus est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Gödenstorf|Godenstorpium}} * [http://www.goedenstorf.de www.goedenstorf.de] * [http://www.salzhausen.de/buerger/portrait-der-samtgemeinde-salzhausen/die-mitgliedsgemeinden/ Pagina communis generalis Salzhausen] {{DEFAULTSORT:Godenstorpium}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] 4ocjo9ymp4br3gtfucaf6re2o3jpfhs 3982785 3982784 2026-08-21T12:59:31Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Godenstorpium'''<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]]. Ad commune etiam [[vici]] [[Godenstorpium (vicus)|Godenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium"/> (Theodisce ''Gödenstorf'') atque [[Lubberstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Lübberstedt'') pertinent. Godenstorpium etiam pars communis generalis [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] est. == Historia == Godenstorpium commune ignoto anno conditus atque anno [[1289]] nomine ''Godingstorpe'' primo in actis descriptum olim pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis a [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Godenstorpium ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[1972]] pars [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] communis generalis est. Eodem anno [[Lubberstadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> (Theodisce ''Lübberstedt'') vicus ad commune adiunctus est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Gödenstorf|Godenstorpium}} * [http://www.goedenstorf.de www.goedenstorf.de] * [http://www.salzhausen.de/buerger/portrait-der-samtgemeinde-salzhausen/die-mitgliedsgemeinden/ Pagina communis generalis Salzhausen] {{DEFAULTSORT:Godenstorpium}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] s82qtneje91h0hr0x4o1ic4a9n2c6fy 0 238450 3982902 3895897 2026-08-21T16:46:27Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Curtis de Cortensibus cum Cinono''' (alia nomina: ''Curtis Cortensium cum Cinono'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Corte de' Cortesi con Cignone|Corte de' Cortesi con Cignone]]'') est [[Commune Italiae|municipium]] [[Italia]]e, circiter 1&thinsp;080 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Cremonensis|Provincia Cremonensi]] situm. Incolae ''Curtenses et Cinonenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Clari cives == == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Cremonensis]], == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Fractiones === * [[Curtis de Cortensibus]] vel [[Curtis Cortensium]]<ref>[http://cdlm.unipv.it/edizioni/cr/cremona-sgiovannipipia/carte/sgiovannipipia1085-06-09a Cartula offersionis 1085 giugno 9, Cremona.]</ref> (olim [[Curtis Nova (Curtis de Cortensibus cum Cinono)|Curtis Nova]])<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160305013635/http://www.italiapedia.it/comune-di-corte-de-cortesi-con-cignone_Storia-019-032 www.italiapedia.it]</ref> ''Corte de' Cortesi'' (''sedes municipalis''), * [[Cinonum]]<ref>[http://cdlm.unipv.it/edizioni/cr/cremona-sgiovannipipia/carte/sgiovannipipia1085-06-09a Cartula offersionis 1085 giugno 9, Cremona.]</ref> ''Cignone''. === Loci === ''Campagnola, Cascina Cantonata, Cascina San Giovanni''. == Municipia finitima == ''Bordolano, Casalbuttano ed Uniti, Olmeneta, Quinzano d'Oglio (BS), Robecco d'Oglio, Verolavecchia (BS)''. {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]]m (''regionem''), * [[Provincia Cremonensis|Provinciam Cremonensem]], * [[Cremona]]m (''urbem''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150610211859/http://www.comune.cortedecortesiconcignone.cr.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Corte de' Cortesi con Cignone|Curtem de Cortensibus cum Cinono}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Corte de' Cortesi con Cignone (province of Cremona, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Cremonensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Cremonae]] 7r607w67q5okh9nuxe8a3sp2zixitfr 0 240134 3982901 3525982 2026-08-21T16:44:29Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Curtis Fratrum'''<ref>[[Neologismus|Toponymuum novatum]]</ref> (alia nomina: ''Curtis de Fratribus''<ref>[[Neologismus|Toponymuum novatum]]</ref>) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Corte de' Frati|Corte de' Frati]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 1&thinsp;450 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Cremonensis|Provincia Cremonensi]] situm. Incolae ''Curtisfratrenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Clari cives == == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Cremonensis]], == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Fractiones === ''Alfiano Nuovo, Alfiano Vecchio, Grumone, Noci Garioni, Pieve Grumone, San Sillo''. == Municipia finitima == ''Alfianello (BS), Grontardo, Persico Dosimo, Pontevico (BS), Pozzaglio ed Uniti, Robecco d'Oglio, Scandolara Ripa d'Oglio''. {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]]m (''regionem''), * [[Provincia Cremonensis|Provinciam Cremonensem]], * [[Cremona]]m (''urbem''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150610215543/http://www.comune.cortedefrati.cr.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Corte de' Frati|Curtem Fratrum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Corte de' Frati (province of Cremona, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Cremonensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Cremonae]] 414kanlc776c4vnle0vhoctcm4d1jf2 0 240761 3983129 3180125 2026-08-22T11:04:55Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983129 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Iosephus de Fraunhofer''' (natus [[Straubinga]]e die [[6 Martii]] [[1787]]; [[phthisis|phtise]] mortuus [[Monacum|Monaci]] die [[7 Iunii]] [[1826]]) fuit [[physicus]] et [[opticus]] [[Germania|Germanicus]] qui inter alia [[telescopium|tuborum telescopiorum]] creationi studuit. [[Luna]]e [[crater]] [[Fraunhofer (crater)|Fraunhofer]] et Societas scientifica [[Societas Fraunhofer|Fraunhofer]] nomen eius ferunt. Super [[sepulchrum]] eius hoc [[epigramma]] erat: ''Approximavit [[astrum|sidera]]''. == Nexus externi == {{Communia|Joseph von Fraunhofer|Iosephum de Fraunhofer}} * {{PND|116746599}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110925095318/http://www.fraunhofer.de/ueber-fraunhofer/joseph-von-fraunhofer/ fraunhofer.de: Vita et opera] {{Ling|Germanice}} {{scien-bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1787|1826|Fraunhofer, Iosephus de}} [[Categoria:Physici Germaniae]] onfoa7qmus1ot29kvytx2012xdhfxx1 0 242186 3983055 3593643 2026-08-22T00:47:38Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983055 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Binanuova (Gabbioneta-Binanuova) - Chiesa parrocchiale dei Santi Martino e Nicola.JPG|thumb|Gabianeta-Bina Nova]] '''Gabianeta-Bina Nova''' (alia nomina: ''Gablaneta-Bina Nova'', ''Gabloneta-Bina Nova'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Gabbioneta-Binanuova|Gabbioneta-Binanuova]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 955 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Cremonensis|Provincia Cremonensi]] situm. Incolae ''Gabianetenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Clari cives == == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Cremonensis]], == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Municipia abrogata === * [[Gabianeta]]<ref name="graesse">{{Graesse}}}</ref> (alia nomina: [[Gabianitum]]<ref name="graesse" />, [[Gablaneta]]<ref name="graesse" />, [[Gabloneta]]<ref name="graesse" />) ''Gabbioneta'', * [[Bina Nova]]<ref name="graesse" /> ''Binanuova''. === Fractiones === * [[Gabianeta]] (''sedes municipalis''), * [[Bina Nova]]. === Loci === ''Grontardo, Ostiano, Pescarolo ed Uniti, Pessina Cremonese, Scandolara Ripa d'Oglio, Seniga (BS)''. {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]]m (''regionem''), * [[Provincia Cremonensis|Provinciam Cremonensem]], * [[Cremona]]m (''urbem''), * [[Municipia iuncta Italiae]], * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160224112513/http://www.comune.gabbionetabinanuova.cr.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Gabbioneta-Binanuova|Gabianetam-Binam Novam}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Gabbioneta-Binanuova (province of Cremona, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Cremonensi. Imago:Gabbioneta (Gabbioneta-Binanuova) - Municipio.JPG|Gabianetae: Palatium Municipale. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Cremonae]] [[Categoria:Municipia iuncta Italiae]] r0jcbs5dnww81moqy6bgntcgebd8am2 0 242187 3983113 3525986 2026-08-22T02:52:37Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3983113 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Gongotardum'''<ref name="graesse">{{Graesse}}}</ref> (alia nomina: ''Curtis Guntardi''<ref name="graesse" />) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]] ''Grontardo'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 1&thinsp;465 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Cremonensis|Provincia Cremonensi]] situm. Incolae ''Gongotardenses'' appellantur. == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Cremonensis]] == Municipia finitima == ''Corte de' Frati, Gabbioneta-Binanuova, Gadesco-Pieve Delmona, Persico Dosimo, Pescarolo ed Uniti, Scandolara Ripa d'Oglio, Vescovato''. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Grontardo|Gongotardum}} {{Fontes geographici}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160227192306/http://www.comune.grontardo.cr.it/ Situs publicus] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Cremonae]] 6jrazew3owwfku5knh6tf9ekd4hf92f 0 245537 3982835 3459998 2026-08-21T14:27:58Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982835 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Coise_69590.jpg|thumb|250 px|Coise: despectus in vicum]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 69062.png|thumb|left|250px|Coise: communis tabula]] '''Coise''' est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 749 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Rhodanus (praefectura Franciae)|Rhodani]] in regione orientali [[Rhodanus et Alpes|Rhodano et Alpibus]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Arvernia Rhodanus et Alpes|Arvernia Rhodano et Alpibus]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Rhodani|Indicem communium praefecturae Rhodani]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Coise|Coise}} * {{INSEE commune|69062|de=Coise}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=9840 De hoc commune apud Cassini] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150510214436/http://www.coise.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Rhodani]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Rhodani]] 2jmtkqyxpd2r7tyatss56g3la7oih1d 0 254622 3982997 3982521 2026-08-21T21:27:20Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982997 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in NOH.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo in comitatu Binethensi]] '''Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus in Comitatũ Binethensi" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum syntagma "in Comitatũ Binethensi" Theodiscum ''Grafschaft Bentheim'' vertit.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Grafskup Bentheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Groafschup Bentem''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit et deinde ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Northorna]] est. == Historia == Comitatus Binethensis anno [[1015]] primo in actis descriptum est. Ab anno [[1815]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circulus conditus est. Post [[Secundum Bellum Mundanum]] [[Nederlandia]] agrum circuli reparationis causa postulavit neque tamen multum adipisci potuit<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-44435312.html Der Spiegel die 1 Ianuarii 1949]</ref>. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Annis [[1974]], [[1977]] atque [[1978]] fines circuli paulum mutatae sunt. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt 25 communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim''), urbs (15.104 incolae) * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn''), urbs et caput circuli (52.579) * [[Wietmarschen]] (11.765) * [[Emlichheim (commune generale)|Emlichheim]] commune generale (14.428) ** [[Emlichheim]], sedes administrationis (7.288) ** [[Hoogstede]] (2.883) ** [[Laar]] (2.176) ** [[Ringe]] (2.081) * [[Neuenhaus (commune generale)|Neuenhaus]] commune generale (13.896) ** [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'') (573) ** [[Georgsdorf]] (1.280) ** [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] (1.059) ** [[Neuenhaus]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (9813) ** [[Osterwald]] (1.171) * [[Schüttorf (commune generale)|Schüttdorf]] commune generale (15.388) ** [[Engda]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'') (432) ** [[Isterberg]] (581) ** [[Ohne]] (572) ** [[Quendorf]] (548) ** [[Samern]] (745) ** [[Schüttorf]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (12.510) * [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]] commune generale (11.169) ** [[Getelo]] ([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'') (550) ** [[Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'') (588) ** [[Halle (comitatus Binethensis)|Halle]] (663) ** [[Itterbeck]] (1.760) ** [[Uelsen]], sedes administrationis (5.468) ** [[Wielen]] (551) ** [[Wilsum]] (1.589) == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim|circulum in comitatu Binethensi}} [http://www.grafschaft-bentheim.de Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Binethensis comitatus circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] 8syqc3t2593y8sm47o3ue9ekcut0sqn 3983000 3982997 2026-08-21T21:31:46Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 /* Communia circuli */ 3983000 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in NOH.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo in comitatu Binethensi]] '''Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus in Comitatũ Binethensi" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum syntagma "in Comitatũ Binethensi" Theodiscum ''Grafschaft Bentheim'' vertit.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Grafskup Bentheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Groafschup Bentem''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit et deinde ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Northorna]] est. == Historia == Comitatus Binethensis anno [[1015]] primo in actis descriptum est. Ab anno [[1815]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circulus conditus est. Post [[Secundum Bellum Mundanum]] [[Nederlandia]] agrum circuli reparationis causa postulavit neque tamen multum adipisci potuit<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-44435312.html Der Spiegel die 1 Ianuarii 1949]</ref>. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Annis [[1974]], [[1977]] atque [[1978]] fines circuli paulum mutatae sunt. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt 25 communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim''), urbs (15.104 incolae) * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn''), urbs et caput circuli (52.579) * [[Wietmarschen]] (11.765) * [[Emmelkampus (commune generale)|Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'') commune generale (14.428) ** [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp''), sedes administrationis (7.288) ** [[Hoogstede]] (2.883) ** [[Laar]] (2.176) ** [[Ringe]] (2.081) * [[Neuenhaus (commune generale)|Neuenhaus]] commune generale (13.896) ** [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'') (573) ** [[Georgsdorf]] (1.280) ** [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] (1.059) ** [[Neuenhaus]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (9813) ** [[Osterwald]] (1.171) * [[Schüttorf (commune generale)|Schüttdorf]] commune generale (15.388) ** [[Engda]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'') (432) ** [[Isterberg]] (581) ** [[Ohne]] (572) ** [[Quendorf]] (548) ** [[Samern]] (745) ** [[Schüttorf]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (12.510) * [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]] commune generale (11.169) ** [[Getelo]] ([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'') (550) ** [[Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'') (588) ** [[Halle (comitatus Binethensis)|Halle]] (663) ** [[Itterbeck]] (1.760) ** [[Uelsen]], sedes administrationis (5.468) ** [[Wielen]] (551) ** [[Wilsum]] (1.589) == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Grafschaft Bentheim|circulum in comitatu Binethensi}} [http://www.grafschaft-bentheim.de Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Binethensis comitatus circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] pm1gy5xtyia2gxr8zees9n447b51je4 0 254727 3983001 3505863 2026-08-21T21:32:32Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Emlichheim (commune generale)]] ad [[Emmelkampus (commune generale)]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3505863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Emlichheim''' est commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circulo in Comitatu Binethensi]]. == Historia == Die [[1 Martii]] [[1974]] Emlichheim commune generale constitutum est. E communibus [[Emlichheim]] (7.288 incolae, sedes administrationis), [[Hoogstede]] (2.883), [[Laar]] (2.176) atque [[Ringe]] (2.081) constat. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Emlichheim}} * [http://www.emlichheim.de Pagina communis generalis Emlichheim (lingua Theodisca)] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1974]] 7pwt5w43xxu12z6iv9fpvhr9ze5gqwh 3983003 3983001 2026-08-21T21:34:36Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Emmelkampus'''<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'') est commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circulo in Comitatu Binethensi]]. == Historia == Die [[1 Martii]] [[1974]] Emmelkampus commune generale constitutum est. E communibus [[Emmelkampus|Emmelkampo]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'') (7.288 incolae, sedes administrationis), [[Hoogstede]] (2.883), [[Laar]] (2.176) atque [[Ringe]] (2.081) constat. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Emlichheim}} * [http://www.emlichheim.de Pagina communis generalis Emlichheim (lingua Theodisca)] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1974]] is88umn165yrgxlvskasvrt9cikjzdg 0 254734 3982996 3982520 2026-08-21T21:25:49Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982996 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Kerk Uelsen.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia communis Uelsen]] '''Uelsen''' est commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circulo in Comitatu Binethensi]]. == Historia == Anno [[1970]] Uelsen commune generale a communibus 10 constitutum est. Die [[1 Martii]] [[1974]] aliqua communia coniuncta sunt. A die [[1 Novembris]] [[1974]] Uelsen e communibus [[Getelo]]ne ([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'') (550 incolae), [[Golencampus|Golencampo]]<ref name="campus-i">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'')< (588), [[Halle (comitatus Binethensis)|Halle]] (663), [[Itterbeck]] (1.760), [[Uelsen]], sedes administrationis (5.468), [[Wielen]] (551) atque [[Wilsum]] (1.589) constat. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Uelsen|Uelsen}} * [http://www.uelsen.de Pagina communis generalis Uelsen (lingua Theodisca)] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1970]] ldqkdls36s6j05wjp5oea7nmgr5l12a 3982998 3982996 2026-08-21T21:28:05Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 /* Historia */ 3982998 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Kerk Uelsen.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia communis Uelsen]] '''Uelsen''' est commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circulo in Comitatu Binethensi]]. == Historia == Anno [[1970]] Uelsen commune generale a communibus 10 constitutum est. Die [[1 Martii]] [[1974]] aliqua communia coniuncta sunt. A die [[1 Novembris]] [[1974]] Uelsen e communibus [[Getelo]]ne ([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'') (550 incolae), [[Golencampus|Golencampo]]<ref name="campus-i">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'') (588), [[Halle (comitatus Binethensis)|Halle]] (663), [[Itterbeck]] (1.760), [[Uelsen]], sedes administrationis (5.468), [[Wielen]] (551) atque [[Wilsum]] (1.589) constat. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Uelsen|Uelsen}} * [http://www.uelsen.de Pagina communis generalis Uelsen (lingua Theodisca)] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1970]] 9j8dkoi05myri06zatgstfq3b25jopp 0 255001 3983005 3718539 2026-08-21T21:38:10Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:42004466 Hoogstede altreformiert Kirche.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Reformata Hoogstede]] '''Hoogstede''' est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e situm atque pars [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Ad commune etiam vici Kalle, Tinholt, Arkel, Bathorn, Scheerhorn atque Berge pertinent. Hoogstede est praeterea pars communis generalis [[Emmelkampus (commune generale)|Emmelkampi]]. == Historia == Anno [[1209]] vicus Scheerhorn hodie ad Hoogstede pertinens primo in actis descriptum est, cum comes Balduinus Binethemsis ''Scherehorne'' vicum monasterio in [[Wietmarschen]] tradidit<ref>[http://www.hoogstede.de/wp-gemeinde/unsere-gemeinde/geschichte/ Pagina officialis communis Hoogstede de historia communis]</ref>. Regio usque ad annum [[1753]] ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes eam cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] regio ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo Hoogstede pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Anno [[1821]] ecclesia reformatata a vico Arkel in Hoogstede translata est et historia communis coepit<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141218000219/http://www.heimatverein-hoogstede-arkel.de/images/stories/pdf/02_Ortsteile.pdf Chronicon Hoogstede P. 133seqq.]</ref>. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat et ad quem Hoogstede ad hunc diem pertinet. Anno [[1938]] in vico Bathorn castra carceralia a Nazistis instituta sunt, ubi inter [[Secundum Bellum Mundanum]] et captivi belli tenebantur. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1974]] vici Berge, Kalle, Scheerhorn atque Tinholt ad Hoogstede adiuncti sunt et Hoogstede sodalis communis generalis Emmelkampi factum est. Anno [[2011]] Fredericus Berends (CDU) novus magister civium electus est. == Nexus externi == {{commonscat}} * [http://www.hoogstede.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis ''Hoogstede''] * [http://www.heimatverein-hoogstede-arkel.de/ Situs interretialis Societatis patrioticae Hoogstede-Arkel] == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1821]] l25wqsb0cf39t9f3l9ng4oe2rytyrpo 0 255094 3983004 3720404 2026-08-21T21:36:32Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3983004 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:42004270 Laar altreformierte Kirche.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Reformata Laar]] '''Laar''' est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e situm atque pars [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Ad commune etiam vici Agterhorn, Echteler, Eschebrügge, Heesterkante atque Vorwald pertinent. Laar est praeterea pars communis generalis [[Emmelkampus (commune generale)|Emmelkampi]]. == Historia == Anno [[1227]] "domus Laar" possessio comitis Balduini Binethemsis primi in actis descripta est-<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160216094325/http://www.emlichheim.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=436&topmenu=4 Pagina officialis communis generalis Emmelkampi de historia communis Laar]</ref>. Regio usque ad annum [[1753]] ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes eam cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] regio ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo Hoogstede pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat et ad quem Laar ad hunc diem pertinet. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1974]] vici supra dicti cum Laar coniuncti sunt. Anno [[2011]] Gerhardus Trüün (CDU) novus magister civium electus est. == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Laar (Grafschaft Bentheim)|Laar}} * [http://www.emlichheim.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Emmelkampi] == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] hoyykqgtcisenl76vd0u1odh5koav1r 0 255352 3982953 3717984 2026-08-21T19:22:21Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Gölenkamp]] ad [[Golencampus]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3717984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}}{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Tussen Haftenkamp en Hardinghausen.jpg|thumb|left|Inter vicos Haftenkamp et Hardinghausen]] '''Gölenkamp''' est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e situm atque pars [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Gölenkamp est praeterea pars communis generalis [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]]. Ad Gölenkamp etiam vici Haftenkamp et Hardinghausen pertinent. == Historia == Gölenkamp vicus ut regio tota usque ad annum [[1753]] ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes eam cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] regio ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Anno [[1840]] hic crater aureus tempore antiquo factum repertum est<ref>[http://uelsen-und-umgebung.de/uelsen_gr.html uelsen-und-umgebung.de]</ref>. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat et ad quem Gölenkamp ad hunc diem pertinet. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1929]] vicus Hardinghausen cum Gölenkamp coniunctus est. Anno [[1974]] Gölenkamp cum aliis communibus se ad commune generale [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]] coniunxit. Eodem tempore etiam vicus Haftenkamp ad Gölenkamp adiunctus est. Magister civium Gölenkamp Ioannes Beniermann est. == Nexus externi == {{commonscat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160226121902/http://www.uelsen.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=110&topmenu=6&keepmenu=inactive - Pagina communis generalis Uelsen] * [http://uelsen-und-umgebung.de uelsen-und-umgebung.de] == Notae == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Goelenkamp}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] 21em7s0m342nciuoxc9ajqgl02w97nv 3982983 3982953 2026-08-21T20:28:19Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982983 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}}{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Tussen Haftenkamp en Hardinghausen.jpg|thumb|left|Inter vicos Haftenkamp et Hardinghausen.]] '''Golencampus'''<ref name="campus-i">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'') est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e situm atque pars [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Golencampus est praeterea pars communis generalis [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]]. Ad Golencampum etiam vici Haftenkamp et Hardinghausen pertinent. == Historia == Golencampus commune ut regio tota usque ad annum [[1753]] ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes eam cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] regio ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Anno [[1840]] hic crater aureus tempore antiquo factum repertum est<ref>[http://uelsen-und-umgebung.de/uelsen_gr.html uelsen-und-umgebung.de]</ref>. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat et ad quem Golencampus ad hunc diem pertinet. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1929]] vicus Hardinghausen cum Golencampo coniunctus est. Anno [[1974]] Golencampus cum aliis communibus se ad commune generale [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]] coniunxit. Eodem tempore etiam vicus Haftenkamp ad Golencampum adiunctus est. Magister civium Golencampi Ioannes Beniermann est. == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Gölenkamp|Golencampum}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160226121902/http://www.uelsen.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=110&topmenu=6&keepmenu=inactive - Pagina communis generalis Uelsen] * [http://uelsen-und-umgebung.de uelsen-und-umgebung.de] == Notae == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Goelenkamp}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] ppf1wgj7rem24cm5jc79hxalk97nkzb 3982986 3982983 2026-08-21T20:41:44Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982986 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}}{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Tussen Haftenkamp en Hardinghausen.jpg|thumb|left|Inter vicos Haftenkamp et Hardinghausen.]] '''Golencampus'''<ref name="campus-i">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'') est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e situm atque pars [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Golencampus est praeterea pars communis generalis [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]]. Ad Golencampum etiam vici [[Golencampus (vicus)|Golencampus]] (Theodisce ''Gölenkamp''), [[Haftencampus]] (Theodisce ''Haftenkamp'') et [[Hardinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Hardinghausen'') pertinent. == Historia == Golencampus commune ut regio tota usque ad annum [[1753]] ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes eam cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] regio ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Anno [[1840]] hic crater aureus tempore antiquo factum repertum est<ref>[http://uelsen-und-umgebung.de/uelsen_gr.html uelsen-und-umgebung.de]</ref>. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat et ad quem Golencampus ad hunc diem pertinet. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1929]] vicus Hardinghausen cum Golencampo coniunctus est. Anno [[1974]] Golencampus cum aliis communibus se ad commune generale [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]] coniunxit. Eodem tempore etiam vicus Haftenkamp ad Golencampum adiunctus est. Magister civium Golencampi Ioannes Beniermann est. == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Gölenkamp|Golencampum}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160226121902/http://www.uelsen.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=110&topmenu=6&keepmenu=inactive - Pagina communis generalis Uelsen] * [http://uelsen-und-umgebung.de uelsen-und-umgebung.de] == Notae == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Goelenkamp}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] pn9dmdc00v0yognt2ighecal00p404c 3982992 3982986 2026-08-21T21:14:20Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982992 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}}{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Tussen Haftenkamp en Hardinghausen.jpg|thumb|left|Inter vicos Haftenkamp et Hardinghausen.]] '''Golencampus'''<ref name="campus-i">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'') est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e situm atque pars [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Golencampus est praeterea pars communis generalis [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]]. Ad Golencampum etiam vici [[Golencampus (vicus)|Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i"/> (Theodisce ''Gölenkamp''), [[Haftencampus]]<ref name="campus-i"/> (Theodisce ''Haftenkamp'') et [[Hardinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Hardinghausen'') pertinent. == Historia == Golencampus commune ut regio tota usque ad annum [[1753]] ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes eam cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] regio ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Anno [[1840]] hic crater aureus tempore antiquo factum repertum est<ref>[http://uelsen-und-umgebung.de/uelsen_gr.html uelsen-und-umgebung.de]</ref>. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat et ad quem Golencampus ad hunc diem pertinet. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1929]] vicus Hardinghausen cum Golencampo coniunctus est. Anno [[1974]] Golencampus cum aliis communibus se ad commune generale [[Uelsen (commune generale)|Uelsen]] coniunxit. Eodem tempore etiam vicus Haftenkamp ad Golencampum adiunctus est. Magister civium Golencampi Ioannes Beniermann est. == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Gölenkamp|Golencampum}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160226121902/http://www.uelsen.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=110&topmenu=6&keepmenu=inactive - Pagina communis generalis Uelsen] * [http://uelsen-und-umgebung.de uelsen-und-umgebung.de] == Notae == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Goelenkamp}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] 8ba2d8flu7wxmp6xnnzt53y7njg5ok6 0 256985 3982957 3982724 2026-08-21T19:33:45Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Portae]] 3982957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} [[File:Fischtor Arnstadt.JPG|thumb|Porta piscatorum adversus Forum lanarum Arnstadiense]] '''Porta piscatorum''' (Theodisce: ''Fischtor'') monumentum omnibus incolis bene notum in urbe [[Arnstadium|Arnstadii]] ad introitum Viridarii castelli invenitur. == Historia == In viridario faciendo, saeculo XVI etiam saepta confecerunt. Porta piscatorum primo turres duas rotundas cum conis, quae introitum ab oriente permitteret, habuit. Circa annum 1700 in primo tabulato opus craticium superpositum est cum tecto moderno sine turribus, ut piscatori aulico habitaculum esset. Istum hominem prope piscinas habitare opus erat; inde porta ducit nomen suum. Anno 1919, cum municipium portam nactum esset, continuo conductoribus piscentibus inserviebat. Sic inhabitabatur usque finem annorum 1980, postea nemini iam usui erat. == Salvatio saeculo XXI == Anno 2002 Sodalitas fabrorum lignariorum [[Circulus Ilm|Circuli Ilm]] domum praediaque labentia transprehendit, quod multos labores restauratorios exigebat. Difficultas maxima fuit aequilibratio inter pedeplana et tabulatum primum adipiscenda, cum saeculo XVI fundamentum ponderi tanto provisum non esset. Feliciter iam duos annos post omnia inaugurari potuerunt. Lignaria sodalitas complexum ad spectacula culturalia danda usitat diebus nostris. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Fischtor (Arnstadt)|Portam piscatorum}} {{Grc|Πύλαι τῶν ἁλιέων}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20150924033655/http://www.ilm-kreis-unterwegs.de/denkmaltag/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=240:fischtor&catid=148:denkmalarnstadt&Itemid=107 De porta hac in elencho rerum visitandarum in Circulo Ilm] *[https://www.insuedthueringen.de/lokal/ilmenau/ilmenau/Wie-weiter-mit-dem-Arnstaedter-Fischtor;art83439,3057755 De portae sorte futura in tractatione actorum diurnorum mensis Ianuarii 2014] [[Categoria:Arnstadium]] [[Categoria:Aedificia Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Portae]] f3qm7xe03vai1yn54z786j20o570218 0 267396 3982777 3982773 2026-08-21T11:59:47Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in ROW.svg|thumb|Communia in circulo Rotenburg (Wümme)]] '''Circulus terrae Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Rotenburg an der Wümme'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landkreis Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Rotenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Rodenborg''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1719]] ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit, post [[Bella Coalitionum|Bella Napoleonica]] ad novum [[Regnum Hannoveranum]]. Ab anno [[1866]] pars [[Borussia]]e fuit. Ab anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1977]] fines hodiernas accipit, cum circulus antiquus Vordae Bremensis<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'') ad Rotenburgum adiunctus esset. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communi generalia coniuncta sunt: {{div col|2}} * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg'': [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'') (9238) * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]], caput circuli (21.392) * [[Scheeßel]] (12.946) * [[Visselhövede]], oppidum (10.199) * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'') urbs (18.645) * [[Botela (commune generale)|Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')commune generale (8231) ** [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel''), sedes administrationis (2428) ** [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'') (1320) ** [[Hemsbünde]] (1178) ** [[Hemslingen]] (1405) ** [[Kirchwalsede]] (1161) ** [[Westerwalsede]] (739) * [[Fons Geestensis (commune generale)|Fons Geestensis]]<ref name="FG">Theodiscum suffixum ''-quelle'' Latino vocabulo "fons fontis" vertitur; Latinum autem gentilicium "Geestensis-e" ad flumen [[Geeste (flumen)|Geeste]] (Theodisce ''Geeste'') refertur. Quo de hydronymo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) ultra flumen Geeste (...)"</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Geestequelle''; [[Saxonice]] ''Geestborn'') commune generale (6449) ** [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi: Accesserunt instrumenta diplomatica ubi de parochiis Alvstedii et Bremervördae agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'') (864) ** [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'') (1430) ** [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'') (1058) ** [[Hipstedt]] (1237) ** [[Oerel]], sedes administrationis (1860) * [[Selsingen (commune generale)|Selsingen]] commune generale (9631) ** [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi: Accesserunt instrumenta diplomatica ubi de parochiis Alvstedii et Bremervördae agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'') (880) ** [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'') (658) ** [[Farva]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'') (634) ** [[Ostereistedt]] (914) ** [[Rhade]] (1126) ** [[Sandbostel]] (822) ** [[Seedorf]] (950) ** [[Selsingen]], sedes administrationis (3647) * [[Sittensen (commune generale)|Sittensen]] commune generale (11.009) ** [[Groß Meckelsen]] (466) ** [[Hamersen]] (453) ** [[Kalbe]] (551) ** [[Klein Meckelsen]] (902) ** [[Lengenbostel]] (455) ** [[Sittensen]], sedes administrationis (5765) ** [[Tiste]] (876) ** [[Vierden]] (768) ** [[Wohnste]] (773) * [[Sottrum (commune generale)|Sottrum]] commune generale (14.444) ** [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'') (1888) ** [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> [Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'') (1070) ** [[Hassendorf]] (1120) ** [[Hellwege]] (1041) ** [[Horstedt]] (1293) ** [[Reeßum]] (1679) ** [[Sottrum]], sedes administrationis (6353) * [[Tarmstedt (commune generale)|Tarmstedt]] commune generale (10.796) ** [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'') (1065) ** [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'') (753) ** [[Hepstedt]] (987) ** [[Kirchtimke]] (974) ** [[Tarmstedt]], sedes administrationis (3819) ** [[Vorwerk]] (1029) ** [[Westertimke]] (431) ** [[Wilstedt]] (1738) * [[Vintlum (commune generale)|Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'') commune generale (7461) ** [[Helvesiek]] (792) ** [[Lauenbrück]], sedes administrationis (2266) ** [[Stemmen]] (844) ** [[Vahlde]] (674) ** [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'') (2885) * [[Zeven (commune generale)|Zeven]] commune generale (22.812) ** [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'') (2046) ** [[Gyhum]] (2250) ** [[Heeslingen]] (4756) ** [[Zeven]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (13.760) {{div col end}} {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Rotenburg (Wümme)|Circulum Rotenburg (Wümme)}} * [http://lk-row.de/ Pagina officialis] == Notae == <references /> {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rotenburg (Wümme) circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] nav26aa2jsfq55zg2jjnve9k59m66i1 3982809 3982777 2026-08-21T13:50:06Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in ROW.svg|thumb|Communia in circulo Rotenburg (Wümme)]] '''Circulus terrae Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Rotenburg an der Wümme'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landkreis Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Rotenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Rodenborg''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1719]] ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit, post [[Bella Coalitionum|Bella Napoleonica]] ad novum [[Regnum Hannoveranum]]. Ab anno [[1866]] pars [[Borussia]]e fuit. Ab anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1977]] fines hodiernas accipit, cum circulus antiquus Vordae Bremensis<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'') ad Rotenburgum adiunctus esset. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communi generalia coniuncta sunt: {{div col|2}} * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg'': [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'') (9238) * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]], caput circuli (21.392) * [[Scheeßel]] (12.946) * [[Visselhövede]], oppidum (10.199) * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'') urbs (18.645) * [[Botela (commune generale)|Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')commune generale (8231) ** [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel''), sedes administrationis (2428) ** [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'') (1320) ** [[Hemsbünde]] (1178) ** [[Hemslingen]] (1405) ** [[Kirchwalsede]] (1161) ** [[Westerwalsede]] (739) * [[Fons Geestensis (commune generale)|Fons Geestensis]]<ref name="FG">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/fons?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum suffixum ''-quelle'' Latino vocabulo "fons fontis" vertitur]; Latinum autem gentilicium "Geestensis-e" ad flumen [[Geeste (flumen)|Geeste]] (Theodisce ''Geeste'') refertur. Quo de hydronymo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) ultra flumen Geeste (...)"</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Geestequelle''; [[Saxonice]] ''Geestborn'') commune generale (6449) ** [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi: Accesserunt instrumenta diplomatica ubi de parochiis Alvstedii et Bremervördae agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'') (864) ** [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'') (1430) ** [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'') (1058) ** [[Hipstedt]] (1237) ** [[Oerel]], sedes administrationis (1860) * [[Selsingen (commune generale)|Selsingen]] commune generale (9631) ** [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi: Accesserunt instrumenta diplomatica ubi de parochiis Alvstedii et Bremervördae agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'') (880) ** [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'') (658) ** [[Farva]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'') (634) ** [[Ostereistedt]] (914) ** [[Rhade]] (1126) ** [[Sandbostel]] (822) ** [[Seedorf]] (950) ** [[Selsingen]], sedes administrationis (3647) * [[Sittensen (commune generale)|Sittensen]] commune generale (11.009) ** [[Groß Meckelsen]] (466) ** [[Hamersen]] (453) ** [[Kalbe]] (551) ** [[Klein Meckelsen]] (902) ** [[Lengenbostel]] (455) ** [[Sittensen]], sedes administrationis (5765) ** [[Tiste]] (876) ** [[Vierden]] (768) ** [[Wohnste]] (773) * [[Sottrum (commune generale)|Sottrum]] commune generale (14.444) ** [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'') (1888) ** [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> [Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'') (1070) ** [[Hassendorf]] (1120) ** [[Hellwege]] (1041) ** [[Horstedt]] (1293) ** [[Reeßum]] (1679) ** [[Sottrum]], sedes administrationis (6353) * [[Tarmstedt (commune generale)|Tarmstedt]] commune generale (10.796) ** [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'') (1065) ** [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'') (753) ** [[Hepstedt]] (987) ** [[Kirchtimke]] (974) ** [[Tarmstedt]], sedes administrationis (3819) ** [[Vorwerk]] (1029) ** [[Westertimke]] (431) ** [[Wilstedt]] (1738) * [[Vintlum (commune generale)|Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'') commune generale (7461) ** [[Helvesiek]] (792) ** [[Lauenbrück]], sedes administrationis (2266) ** [[Stemmen]] (844) ** [[Vahlde]] (674) ** [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'') (2885) * [[Zeven (commune generale)|Zeven]] commune generale (22.812) ** [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'') (2046) ** [[Gyhum]] (2250) ** [[Heeslingen]] (4756) ** [[Zeven]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (13.760) {{div col end}} {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Rotenburg (Wümme)|Circulum Rotenburg (Wümme)}} * [http://lk-row.de/ Pagina officialis] == Notae == <references /> {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rotenburg (Wümme) circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] 4j4wglgsto92d4617eeqlgi1ezq2265 0 267449 3982849 3980226 2026-08-21T14:52:13Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in VEC.svg|200px|right|Communia in circulo Vetha]] '''Circulus Vetha'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Vechta''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Fächt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Vechte''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1814]] conditus est. == De rebus gestis == Ager huius circuli ab anno [[1252]] ad [[Dioecesis Monasteriensis|principatum episcopatus Monasterium]] pertinuit. Anno [[1801]] copiae [[Borussia]]e invaserunt. Anno [[1803]] pars [[Ducatus Oldenburgensis]] factus est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1814]] [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] eam regionem usurpavit. Anno [[1814]] magistratus Vethae conditus et anno [[1939]] circulus Vetha nominatus est. Anno [[1946]] tota regio pars Saxoniae Inferioris facta est. Anno [[1974]] circulus Vetha fines hodiernas accepit. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli: * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> (6123 incolae) * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme''), urbs (16.872) * [[Dinklage]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge''), urbs (12.914) * [[Goldenstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Goldenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gollnste'') (9572) * [[Holdorf]] (6816) * [[Lohne]], oppidum (26.060) * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] (8392) * [[Steinfeld]] (9903) * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref>, caput circuli (31.558) * [[Visbek]] (9656) {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Landkreis Vechta|Circulum Vetham}} * [http://www.landkreis-vechta.de/ Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vechta circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1814]] 6ab0o0vc2dd900liwua5u1wgef8huwt 100 275561 3982979 3800981 2026-08-21T20:10:11Z Grufo 64423 Nomen formulae mutatum est 3982979 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Porta Vicipaediana | imagoselecta = Botanical Garden Hamma.jpg | descriptioimaginisselectae = [[Algeria]] | titleforeground = white | titlebackground = #006633 | boxbackground = #e5e4e2 | bordercolor = #d21034 }} [[Categoria:Porta Algerii| ]] njl9u3p5u1zy2lo9kapo6i7bjbbg88r 0 280082 3982820 3844361 2026-08-21T14:03:07Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982820 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:clio.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Clio]]. Pars ''[[Ars Picturae|Allegoriae Picturae]]'' [[Ioannes Vermeer|Ioannis Vermeer]].]] '''Cliodynamica''' ([[Clio]], [[musa]] [[historia]]e, + ''dynamica,'' studium mutationis per tempus<ref>Parry 2013.</ref>) est [[disciplina academica|transdisciplinaria]] [[investigatio]]nis [[regio]], quae [[evolutio culturalis|evolutionem culturalem]], [[historia oeconomica|historiam oeconomicam]], [[cliometrica]]m, [[macrosociologia]]m, [[mathematica]]m rationum historicarum examinationem per ''[[longue durée]]'', et constructionem explicationemque [[repositorium datorum|repositoriorum datorum]] historicorum coniungit.<ref>Turchin 2008.</ref> Cliodynamica historiam aestimat [[scientia (ratio)|scientiam]] esse. Exercitatores rationes quae rationes dynamicas sicut ortus casusque [[imperium|imperiorum]], incrementa imminutionesque multitudinum, divulgatio exitusque [[religio]]num explicant.<ref>Schrodt 2005.</ref><ref>Sussan 2013.</ref> Haec rationes in exemplaria [[mathematica|numeralia]] convertunt; denique, [[praedictio]]nes exemplarium cum [[data|datis]] comparantur. Ergo, construere et explicare repositoria datorum historicorum et [[informatio]]nem [[archaeologia|archaeologicam]] est unus e finibus cliodynamicae maximi momenti.<ref>Spinney 2012.</ref> ==Origines== [[Vocabulum]], primum a [[Petrus Turchin|Petro Turchin]] anno [[2003]] excogitatum,<ref>Orf 2013.</ref> in operibus [[Ibn Khaldunus|Ibn Khalduni]],<ref>Tainter 2004: 488.</ref> [[Alexander Deulofeu|Alexandri Deulofeu]], [[Iacobus Goldstone|Iacobi Gildstone]], [[Sergius Kapitsa|Sergii Kapitsa]], [[Randall Collins]], [[Ioannes Komlos|Ioannis Komlos]], et [[Andrea Korotayev|Andreae Korotayev]] invenitur. {{NexInt}} *[[Cliometrica]] *[[Evolutio socioculturalis]] *''[[Generations (liber)]]'' *[[Historiographia]] *[[Ratio structuralis-demographica]] *[[Seshat (propositum)]] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Burkhart, Richard H. [[2016]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190430192536/https://sinews.siam.org/Details-Page/applied-mathematics-and-political-crises-1 "Applied Mathematics and Political Crises".] ''Siam News''. *Currie, Thomas E., et Ruth Mace. [[2009]]. Political complexity predicts the spread of ethnolinguistic groups. ''PNAS'' 106 (18): 7339–44. doi:10.1073/pnas.0804698106. PMC 2670878. PMID 19380740. *Dzogang, Fabon, Thomas Lansdall-Welfare, FindMyPast Newspaper Team, et Nello Cristianini. [[2016]]. Discovering Periodic Patterns in Historical News. ''PlosOne'' 11 (11): e0165736. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165736. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5100883. PMID 27824911. *Dzogang, Fabon, Thomas Lansdall-Welfare, et Nello Cristianini. [[2016]]. Seasonal Fluctuations in Collective Mood Revealed by Wikipedia Searches and Twitter Posts. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE international conference on data mining workshop (SENTIRE), Barcelona, 12–15. *Finley, Klint. [[2013]]. Mathematicians Predict the Future with Data from the Past. ''Wired.'' *Goldstone, J. 1991. ''Revolution and Rebellion in the Early Modern World.'' Berkeleiae Californiae: University of California Press. *Graber, Robert B. [[2008]]. Review of Andrey Korotayev, Artemy Malkov, and Darkia Khaltourina, Introduction to Social Macrodynamics (Three Volumes). ''Journal of Social Evolution and History'' 7 (2). *Greby, James. [[2016]]. ''"Cliodynamics" Research Proves American Freaks Out Every 50 Years.'' Inverse. *Keen, Steven, et Charles Owen. [[2017]]. The Value of Everything: E120: Professor Steve Keen Interview. ''The Future of Money.'' Segmentum apud 47:18 incipit. *Kirby, Kathryn R., Russell D. Gray, Susan J. Greenhill, Fiona M. Jordan, Stephanie Gomes-Ng, Hans-Jörg Bibiko, Damián E. Blasi, Carlos A. Botero, Claire Bowern, Carol R. Ember, Dan Leehr, Bobbi S. Low, Joe McCarter, et William Divale [[2016]]. D-PLACE: A Global Database of Cultural, Linguistic and Environmental Diversity. ''PLoS ONE'' 11 (7): e0158391. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158391. PMC 4938595. PMID 27391016. *Komlos, J., et S. Nefedov. [[2002]]. Compact Macromodel of Pre-Industrial Population Growth. ''Historical Methods'' (35): 92–94. *Korotayev, Andrey V. [[2006]]. The World System urbanization dynamics. In ''History & mathematics: Historical dynamics and development of complex societies. History & mathematics,'' ed. Peter Turchin, Leonid Efimovich Grinin, Andrey V. Korotayev, et Victor C. de Munck, 44–62. Moscuae: KomKniga/URSS. ISBN 978-5-484-01002-8. *Korotayev, Andrey V., Artemy Sergeevich Malkov, et Daria Khaltourina. [[2006]]. ''Introduction to Social Macrodynamics: Compact Macromodels of the World System Growth.'' Moscuae: URSS. ISBN 978-5-484-00414-0. *Korotayev, Andrey V., Artemy Sergeevich Malkov, et Daria Khaltourina. [[2006]]. ''Introduction to social macrodynamics: secular cycles and millennial trends.'' Moscuae: URSS. ISBN 978-5-484-00559-8. *Korotayev, Andrey V., et Daria Khaltourina. [[2006]]. ''Introduction to Social Macrodynamics: Secular Cycles and Millennial Trends in Africa.'' Moscuae: URSS. ISBN 978-5-484-00560-4. *Korotayev, Andrey V., et J. Zinkina. [[2011]]. Egyptian Revolution: A Demographic Structural Analysis. ''Entelequia: Revista Interdisciplinar'' 13: 139–169. *Korotayev, Andrey V., et al. [[2011]]. A Trap At The Escape From The Trap? Demographic-Structural Factors of Political Instability in Modern Africa and West Asia. ''Cliodynamics'' 2 (2): 1–28. *Koyama, Mark. [[2016]]. Review of Ultra Society: how 10,000 years of war made humans the greatest cooperators on earth by Peter Turchin. ''Journal of Bioeconomics'' 18 (3): 239–242. doi:10.1007/s10818-016-9234-7. ISSN 1387-6996. *Lange, Matthew. [[2012]]. ''Comparative-Historical Methods.'' Londinii: Sage. *Orf, Darren. [[2013]]. Can Math Predict the Rise and Fall of Empires? ''Popular Mechanics.'' *Parry, Marc. [[2013]]. Quantitative History Makes a Comeback. ''The Chronicle of Higher Education.'' *Peregrine, Peter N. [[2003]]. Atlas of Cultural Evolution. ''World Cultures'' 14(1). *Schrodt, Philip A. [[2005]]. Historical Dynamics: Why States Rise and Fall by Peter Turchin. ''Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews'' 34 (2): 213–215. doi:10.1177/009430610503400268. ISSN 0094-3061. *Seabright, Paul. [[2004]]. Book Review: Historical Dynamics: Why States Rise and Fall by Peter Turchin. ''The Economics of Transition'' 12 (4): 801–809. doi:10.1111/j.0967-0750.2004.00203.x. ISSN 0967-0750. *Spinney, Laura. [[2012]]. Human cycles: History as Science. ''Nature.'' *Spinney, Laura. [[2016]]. The database that is rewriting history to predict the future. ''New Scientist.'' *Sussan, Remi. [[2013]]. Au coeur de la cliodynamique (1/2): les cycles historiques. ''Internet Actu.'' *Tainter, Joseph A. [[2004]]. Plotting the downfall of society: Review of Historical Dynamics: Why States Rise and Fall by Peter Turchin. 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ISSN 0002-9602. ==Nexus externi== *[https://escholarship.org/uc/irows_cliodynamics ''Cliodynamics: The Journal of Quantitative History and Cultural Evolution.''] *[http://seshatdatabank.info/ Seshat: Reporitorium Historiae Mundi.] *[http://peterturchin.com/cliodynamics/ Situs cliodynamicus Petri Turchin proprius.] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20161106195315/http://cliodynamics.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=133&Itemid=70 "Why do we need mathematical models of historical processes?"] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110217151303/http://www.oeaw.ac.at/byzanz/historicaldynamics.htm "Historical Dynamics in a time of Crisis: Late Byzantium, 1204-1453."] ''Studia mediaevalia.'' *[http://www.nature.com/news/human-cycles-history-as-science-1.11078 Human cycles: History as science.] ''Nature,'' Augustus 2012. *[https://evolution-institute.org/ Institutum Evolutionis.] [[Categoria:Historia]] [[Categoria:Historiographia]]<!--pro tem, pro: [[Categoria:Historia socialis]] [[Categoria:Theoriae historiae]] [[Categoria:Economic history studies]] [[Category:Econometric modeling]]--> an3phj466lp1nh4ngjcsfid4mv9sxd3 10 315888 3983054 3919897 2026-08-22T00:46:54Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3983054 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis|proprietas=distributa}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}}{{#ifeq:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Labente|{{Compendia formulae|*Labente}}}} Formulae {{Fn|*Labente}} ({{Fn|Labente}}) et {{Fn|*labente}} (quum prima littera scribenda sit minuscula) adhibentur ad sententias indicandas quae obsoletae fieri possunt. Paginae quae his formulis utuntur in [[:Categoria:Paginae cum notionibus fortasse obsoletis]] numerabuntur. == De usu == ; Syntaxis : <code>&#123;&#123;{{ROOTPAGENAME}}&#124;''numerus anni''&#124;''&#91;numerus mensis&#93;''&#124;''&#91;numerus diei&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> {{Vsep}} Exempla primā litterā capitaneā: * {{vvt|<nowiki>{{*Labente|</nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTH1}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{CURRENTDAY}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>}} *: ↳ {{*Labente|{{CURRENTYEAR}}|{{CURRENTMONTH1}}|{{CURRENTDAY}}|propositum=exhibitio}} * {{vvt|<nowiki>{{*Labente|</nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTH1}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>}} *: ↳ {{*Labente|{{CURRENTYEAR}}|{{CURRENTMONTH1}}|propositum=exhibitio}} * {{vvt|<nowiki>{{*Labente|</nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>}} *: ↳ {{*Labente|{{CURRENTYEAR}}|propositum=exhibitio}} * Sive <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{*Labente|2010|4|1|textus=[[Census|Censu]] anni [[2010]] [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] labente}}</syntaxhighlight>… * …sive <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{*labente|2010|4|1|textus=[[Census|Censu]] anni [[2010]] [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] labente}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{*Labente|2010|4|1|textus=[[Census|Censu]] anni [[2010]] [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] labente|propositum=exhibitio}} {{Vsep}} Exempla primā litterā minusculā: * {{vvt|<nowiki>{{*labente|</nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTH1}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{CURRENTDAY}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>}} *: ↳ {{*labente|{{CURRENTYEAR}}|{{CURRENTMONTH1}}|{{CURRENTDAY}}|propositum=exhibitio}} * {{vvt|<nowiki>{{*labente|</nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>|</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTH1}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>}} *: ↳ {{*labente|{{CURRENTYEAR}}|{{CURRENTMONTH1}}|propositum=exhibitio}} * {{vvt|<nowiki>{{*labente|</nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>}} *: ↳ {{*labente|{{CURRENTYEAR}}|propositum=exhibitio}} * Sive <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{*Labente|2010|4|1|textus=[[Census|censu]] anni [[2010]] [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] labente}}</syntaxhighlight>… * …sive <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{*labente|2010|4|1|textus=[[Census|censu]] anni [[2010]] [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] labente}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{*labente|2010|4|1|textus=[[Census|censu]] anni [[2010]] [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] labente|propositum=exhibitio}} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula ad sententias indicandas adhibentur quae obsoletae fieri possunt.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Annus", "description": "Numerus anni", "type": "number", "required": true, "example": "2025" }, "2": { "label": "Mensis", "description": "Numerus mensis", "type": "number", "required": false, "example": "1" }, "3": { "label": "Dies", "description": "Numerus diei", "type": "number", "required": false, "example": "19" }, "textus": { "label": "Textus", "description": "Textus ostentus", "type": "content", "required": false, "example": "[[Census|Censu]] anni [[2010]] [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] labente" } } }</templatedata> == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Paginae cum notionibus fortasse obsoletis}} * {{Fn|Dies}} * {{Fn|Tempus}} == Nexus externi == * {{interfn|As of|en}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> {{Categoriae huius formulae | Formulae | Formulae intra versum accommodandae | Formulae nexuales | Formulae typographicae | Formulae data machinaria in vicitextu praebentes | Formulae temporales }} }}</includeonly> f9kdazq6da0ef84w4nkluayfjvmxt81 10 320965 3983044 3982629 2026-08-21T23:31:04Z Grufo 64423 Mendam correxi 3983044 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|10 | {{Capsa lateralis | imago = Nuvola filesystems folder template.svg | ancora = {{{ancora|}}} | 1 = '''Categoriae vestigatoriae''' Haec formula [[:Categoria:Categoriae vestigatoriae|categoriis vestigatoriis]] utitu{{#invoke:params| excluding_non-numeric_names| renaming_by_mixing|$@| renaming_by_replacing|^([^#]-)%s*#.*$|%1|1| discarding|| mapping_by_replacing|^[^#]+$||1| mapping_by_replacing|[^#]*#%s*(.-)%s*$|%1|1| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_name_matching|^:| snapshotting|entering_substack| mapping_by_magic|NAMESPACENUMBER|names_only| with_value_not_matching|0|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| renaming_by_magic|FULLPAGENAME| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|0| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[$#|:$#]]}}$@| leaving_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| mapping_by_magic|NAMESPACENUMBER|names_only| snapshotting| snapshotting| snapshotting| snapshotting| with_value_matching|14|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching|0|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching|10|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching|828|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching||strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| renaming_by_magic|FULLPAGENAME|names_only| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[$#]]}}$@| flushing| leaving_substack| renaming_by_magic|PAGENAME|names_only| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|828| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[Modulus:$#|#invoke:$#]]}}$@| flushing| leaving_substack| renaming_by_magic|PAGENAME|names_only| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|10| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[Formula:$#|$#]]}}$@| flushing| combining_values|2|naturally|h/i/f|ex his formulis modulisque praebentur: <ul><li>|</li><li>|</li></ul>| with_value_not_matching||strict| snapshotting| mixing_names_and_values|h|r, quae | leaving_substack| renaming_by_mixing|Categoria:$#| merging_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| detaching_substack| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|14| leaving_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio | | {{in harenario aut alibi||[[$#|!]]}} }}| flushing| mapping_by_mixing|[[:$#]]$@| combining_values|1|naturally|h/i/f| <ul><li>|</li><li>|</li></ul>| snapshotting|entering_substack| mapping_by_mixing|r:| flushing| reassigning|1|h|rename| providing|h|r.| leaving_substack| setting_by_flushing| flushing| setting|i| Nonnullae categoriae etiam | list_values }}{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio | | {{in harenario aut alibi||[[Categoria:Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur|{{PAGENAME}}]]}} }} }} | {{Error|Error: Heac formula tantummodo in spatio nominali formularum adhibenda est.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> hlj46p3ghzj6jsw07yj5rtfikgesbjk 3983048 3983044 2026-08-21T23:57:54Z Grufo 64423 Mendam correxi 3983048 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|10 | {{Capsa lateralis | imago = Nuvola filesystems folder template.svg | ancora = {{{ancora|}}} | 1 = '''Categoriae vestigatoriae''' Haec formula [[:Categoria:Categoriae vestigatoriae|categoriis vestigatoriis]] utitu{{#invoke:params| excluding_non-numeric_names| renaming_by_mixing|$@| renaming_by_replacing|^([^#]-)%s*#.*$|%1|1| discarding|| mapping_by_replacing|^[^#]+$||1| mapping_by_replacing|[^#]*#%s*(.-)%s*$|%1|1| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_name_matching|^:| snapshotting|entering_substack| mapping_by_magic|NAMESPACENUMBER|names_only| with_value_not_matching|0|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| renaming_by_magic|FULLPAGENAME| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|0| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[$#|:$#]]}}$@| leaving_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| mapping_by_magic|NAMESPACENUMBER|names_only| snapshotting| snapshotting| snapshotting| snapshotting| with_value_matching|14|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching|0|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching|10|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching|828|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching||strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| renaming_by_magic|FULLPAGENAME|names_only| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[$#]]}}$@| flushing| leaving_substack| renaming_by_magic|PAGENAME|names_only| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|828| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[Modulus:$#|#invoke:$#]]}}$@| flushing| leaving_substack| renaming_by_magic|PAGENAME|names_only| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|10| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[Formula:$#|$#]]}}$@| flushing| combining_values|2|naturally|h/i/f|ex his formulis modulisque praebentur: <ul><li>|</li><li>|</li></ul>| with_value_not_matching||strict| snapshotting| mixing_names_and_values|h|r, quae | leaving_substack| renaming_by_mixing|Categoria:$#| merging_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| detaching_substack| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|14| leaving_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio | | {{in harenario aut alibi||[[$#|!]]}} }}| flushing| mapping_by_mixing|[[:$#]]$@| combining_values|1|naturally|h/i/f| <ul><li>|</li><li>|</li></ul>| snapshotting|entering_substack| mapping_by_mixing|r:| flushing| reassigning|1|h|rename| providing|h|r.| leaving_substack| setting_by_flushing| flushing| setting|i| Nonnullae categoriae etiam | list_values }}{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio | | {{in harenario aut alibi||[[Categoria:Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur|{{PAGENAME}}]]}} }} }} | {{Error|Error: Haec formula tantummodo in spatio nominali formularum adhibenda est.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> rv6ygc3n8agxuxulb8yhdx7o3r9iwjt 3983083 3983048 2026-08-22T01:54:22Z Grufo 64423 Mendam correxi 3983083 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}}|10 | {{Capsa lateralis | imago = Nuvola filesystems folder template.svg | ancora = {{{ancora|}}} | 1 = '''Categoriae vestigatoriae''' Haec formula [[:Categoria:Categoriae vestigatoriae|categoriis vestigatoriis]] utitu{{#invoke:params| excluding_non-numeric_names| renaming_by_mixing|$@| renaming_by_replacing|^([^#]-)%s*#.*$|%1|1| discarding|| mapping_by_replacing|^[^#]+$||1| mapping_by_replacing|[^#]*#%s*(.-)%s*$|%1|1| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_name_matching|^:| snapshotting|entering_substack| mapping_by_magic|NAMESPACENUMBER|names_only| with_value_not_matching|0|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| renaming_by_magic|FULLPAGENAME| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|0| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[$#|:$#]]}}$@| leaving_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| mapping_by_magic|NAMESPACENUMBER|names_only| snapshotting| snapshotting| snapshotting| snapshotting| with_value_matching|14|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching|0|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching|10|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching|828|strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| detaching_substack| entering_substack| with_value_matching||strict| detaching_substack| dropping_substack| renaming_by_magic|FULLPAGENAME|names_only| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[$#]]}}$@| flushing| leaving_substack| renaming_by_magic|PAGENAME|names_only| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|828| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[Modulus:$#|#invoke:$#]]}}$@| flushing| leaving_substack| renaming_by_magic|PAGENAME|names_only| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|10| merging_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{[[Formula:$#|$#]]}}$@| flushing| combining_values|2|naturally|h/i/f|ex his formulis modulisque praebentur: <ul><li>|</li><li>|</li></ul>| with_value_not_matching||strict| snapshotting| mixing_names_and_values|h|r, quae | leaving_substack| renaming_by_mixing|Categoria:$#| merging_substack| snapshotting|entering_substack| with_value_not_matching||strict| detaching_substack| mapping_by_calling|Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones|names_and_values_as|pagina|optiones|let|ns|14| leaving_substack| mapping_by_mixing|{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio | | {{in harenario aut alibi||[[$#|!]]}} }}| flushing| mapping_by_mixing|[[:$#]]$@| combining_values|1|naturally|h/i/f| <ul><li>|</li><li>|</li></ul>| snapshotting|entering_substack| mapping_by_mixing|r:| flushing| reassigning|1|h|rename| providing|h|r.| reassigning|h|n|copy| leaving_substack| setting_by_flushing| flushing| setting|i| Nonnullae categoriae etiam | list_values }}{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio | | {{in harenario aut alibi||[[Categoria:Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur|{{PAGENAME}}]]}} }} }} | {{Error|Error: Haec formula tantummodo in spatio nominali formularum adhibenda est.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 3vaa9iodq2n6u5c17vx19hw4uzjig2f 10 320966 3983050 3982620 2026-08-22T00:36:59Z Grufo 64423 De syntaxi 3983050 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Lua|Params}} Formulae quae hanc capsam in suas documentationes ostendunt categoriis quoque per eam numeratis addentur, atque in [[:Categoria:Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur]] numerabuntur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus:''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur }} |} {{Ast}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Deletiones celeres propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Deletiones propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Formula:Categoriae hominis Vicidatorum | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | ancora = de-categoriis-vestigatoriis }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio | Deletiones celeres propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Deletiones propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Formula:Categoriae hominis Vicidatorum | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | ancora = de-categoriis-vestigatoriis }} |} === De syntaxi === Haec formula argumenta positionalia hoc modo exspectat: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | ... | Nomen [# optio[, optio[, ...]]] | ... }}</syntaxhighlight> Quodque ''Nomen'' cui nullum sit spatium nominale categoriam <code>Categoria:''Nomen''</code> designat. Si autem ''Nomen'' spatium nominale iam continet, ipsum spatium servatur. Colon praepositum (<code>:</code>) praefixum <code>Categoria:</code> tacite addendum supprimit. Titulus ita effectus deinde secundum spatium nominale MediaViciale, ad quod revera pertinet, distinguitur: <pre>Foo → Categoria:Foo :Foo → Foo Formula:Foo → Formula:Foo :Formula:Foo → Formula:Foo</pre> Formula haec separat: * categorias * formulas * modulos * paginas in aliis spatiis nominalibus sitas Demum titulos, ordine naturali dispositos, ad formam ostendendam reconstruit. {| class="wikitable" ! Optio ! Effectus |- | <code>tacite</code> | Ipsa formula in categoria non ostenditur |- | <code>infeliciter</code> | Corrigenda in categoria colliguntur |- | <code>caduciter</code> | Categoria caduciter (interim, pro tempore) adhibetur. |} == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{relfn|Formula:Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur}} * [[:Categoria:Categoriae vestigatoriae]] * {{Fn|Categoria vestigatoria formularum}} * {{Fn|Categoria formulis quoque suppleta}} * {{Fn|Categoria administrativa Vicipaediae}} * {{Fn|Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita}} * {{Fn|Metaformula quoque}} * {{Fn|Metaformula tantum}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae documentationis|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 22u3bi2vf87spye34x1he5v348c0wg9 3983051 3983050 2026-08-22T00:39:38Z Grufo 64423 /* De syntaxi */ 3983051 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Lua|Params}} Formulae quae hanc capsam in suas documentationes ostendunt categoriis quoque per eam numeratis addentur, atque in [[:Categoria:Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur]] numerabuntur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus:''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur }} |} {{Ast}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Deletiones celeres propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Deletiones propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Formula:Categoriae hominis Vicidatorum | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | ancora = de-categoriis-vestigatoriis }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio | Deletiones celeres propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Deletiones propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Formula:Categoriae hominis Vicidatorum | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | ancora = de-categoriis-vestigatoriis }} |} === De syntaxi === Haec formula argumenta positionalia hoc modo exspectat: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | ... | Nomen [# optio[, optio[, ...]]] | ... }}</syntaxhighlight> Quodque ''Nomen'' cui nullum sit spatium nominale categoriam <code>Categoria:''Nomen''</code> designat. Si autem ''Nomen'' spatium nominale iam continet, ipsum spatium servabitur. Colon praepositum (<code>:</code>) praefixum <code>Categoria:</code>, quod tacite addendum esset, supprimit. Titulus ita effectus deinde secundum spatium nominale MediaViciale, ad quod revera pertinet, distinguetur. In summa: <pre>Foo → Categoria:Foo :Foo → Foo Formula:Foo → Formula:Foo :Formula:Foo → Formula:Foo</pre> Formula haec separat: * categorias * formulas * modulos * paginas in aliis spatiis nominalibus sitas Demum titulos, ordine naturali dispositos, ad formam ostendendam reconstruit. {| class="wikitable" ! Optio ! Effectus |- | <code>tacite</code> | Ipsa formula in categoria non ostenditur |- | <code>infeliciter</code> | Corrigenda in categoria colliguntur |- | <code>caduciter</code> | Categoria caduciter (interim, pro tempore) adhibetur. |} == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{relfn|Formula:Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur}} * [[:Categoria:Categoriae vestigatoriae]] * {{Fn|Categoria vestigatoria formularum}} * {{Fn|Categoria formulis quoque suppleta}} * {{Fn|Categoria administrativa Vicipaediae}} * {{Fn|Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita}} * {{Fn|Metaformula quoque}} * {{Fn|Metaformula tantum}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae documentationis|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> i92850uo8uz337cvdwm14eq9dsgmzl1 3983052 3983051 2026-08-22T00:42:55Z Grufo 64423 /* Optiones */ Novum caput 3983052 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Lua|Params}} Formulae quae hanc capsam in suas documentationes ostendunt categoriis quoque per eam numeratis addentur, atque in [[:Categoria:Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur]] numerabuntur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus:''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur }} |} {{Ast}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Deletiones celeres propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Deletiones propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Formula:Categoriae hominis Vicidatorum | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | ancora = de-categoriis-vestigatoriis }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio | Deletiones celeres propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Deletiones propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Formula:Categoriae hominis Vicidatorum | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | ancora = de-categoriis-vestigatoriis }} |} === De syntaxi === Haec formula argumenta positionalia hoc modo exspectat: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | ... | Nomen [# optio[, optio[, ...]]] | ... }}</syntaxhighlight> Quodque ''Nomen'' cui nullum sit spatium nominale categoriam <code>Categoria:''Nomen''</code> designat. Si autem ''Nomen'' spatium nominale iam continet, ipsum spatium servabitur. Colon praepositum (<code>:</code>) praefixum <code>Categoria:</code>, quod tacite addendum esset, supprimit. Titulus ita effectus deinde secundum spatium nominale MediaViciale, ad quod revera pertinet, distinguetur. In summa: <pre>Foo → Categoria:Foo :Foo → Foo Formula:Foo → Formula:Foo :Formula:Foo → Formula:Foo</pre> Formula haec separat: * categorias * formulas * modulos * paginas in aliis spatiis nominalibus sitas Demum titulos, ordine naturali dispositos, ad formam ostendendam reconstruit. === Optiones === Hae optiones acceptantur: {| class="wikitable" ! Optio ! Effectus |- | <code>tacite</code> | Ipsa formula in categoria non ostenditur. |- | <code>infeliciter</code> | Corrigenda in categoria colliguntur. |- | <code>caduciter</code> | Categoria caduciter (interim, pro tempore) adhibetur. |} == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{relfn|Formula:Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur}} * [[:Categoria:Categoriae vestigatoriae]] * {{Fn|Categoria vestigatoria formularum}} * {{Fn|Categoria formulis quoque suppleta}} * {{Fn|Categoria administrativa Vicipaediae}} * {{Fn|Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita}} * {{Fn|Metaformula quoque}} * {{Fn|Metaformula tantum}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae documentationis|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> f5kls25hmquf718e77yi7gdi1evpck7 3983053 3983052 2026-08-22T00:44:44Z Grufo 64423 3983053 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Lua|Params}} Formulae quae hanc capsam '''in suis paginis documentationis''' ostendunt categoriis quoque per eam numeratis addentur, atque in [[:Categoria:Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur]] numerabuntur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus:''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur }} |} {{Ast}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Deletiones celeres propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Deletiones propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Formula:Categoriae hominis Vicidatorum | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | ancora = de-categoriis-vestigatoriis }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (apud marginem dextrum):''' {| |- | {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|propositum=exhibitio | Deletiones celeres propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Deletiones propositae # tacite, infeliciter | Formula:Categoriae hominis Vicidatorum | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | ancora = de-categoriis-vestigatoriis }} |} === De syntaxi === Haec formula argumenta positionalia hoc modo exspectat: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | ... | Nomen [# optio[, optio[, ...]]] | ... }}</syntaxhighlight> Quodque ''Nomen'' cui nullum sit spatium nominale categoriam <code>Categoria:''Nomen''</code> designat. Si autem ''Nomen'' spatium nominale iam continet, ipsum spatium servabitur. Colon praepositum (<code>:</code>) praefixum <code>Categoria:</code>, quod tacite addendum esset, supprimit. Titulus ita effectus deinde secundum spatium nominale MediaViciale, ad quod revera pertinet, distinguetur. In summa: <pre>Foo → Categoria:Foo :Foo → Foo Formula:Foo → Formula:Foo :Formula:Foo → Formula:Foo</pre> Formula haec separat: * categorias * formulas * modulos * paginas in aliis spatiis nominalibus sitas Demum titulos, ordine naturali dispositos, ad formam ostendendam reconstruit. === Optiones === Hae optiones acceptantur: {| class="wikitable" ! Optio ! Effectus |- | <code>tacite</code> | Ipsa formula in categoria non ostenditur. |- | <code>infeliciter</code> | Corrigenda in categoria colliguntur. |- | <code>caduciter</code> | Categoria caduciter (interim, pro tempore) adhibetur. |} == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{relfn|Formula:Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae/optiones}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Formulae quae categoriis vestigatoriis utuntur}} * [[:Categoria:Categoriae vestigatoriae]] * {{Fn|Categoria vestigatoria formularum}} * {{Fn|Categoria formulis quoque suppleta}} * {{Fn|Categoria administrativa Vicipaediae}} * {{Fn|Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita}} * {{Fn|Metaformula quoque}} * {{Fn|Metaformula tantum}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae documentationis|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> tb6hefpo51pcjznu6iufsjnszfe2qp2 4 322071 3982822 3982762 2026-08-21T14:04:32Z Grufo 64423 /* Categoria:Portae */ 3982822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{/Praefatio}} == De paginis nimis magnis quae formulā {{[[Formula:Augenda|Augenda]]}} utuntur == In [[:Categoria:Corrigenda|Categoriam:Corrigenda]] plures subcategoriae formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} stipantur (e.g. [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Februario 2023]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Ianuario 2024]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Decembri 2025]], et cetera). Inspiciens, multas harum paginarum invenii quae longiores sunt 1000 octobitis (e.g. [[Graecia archaica]]: 2928 octobiti). Quid censeatis si mechanema cum monitu in formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} inseram, ne in paginis longioribus quam 1000 octobitorum adhibeatur? Nam si pagina est satis longa, vanum est legentes monere paginam intra tres menses esse augendam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:30, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :Pagina de [[Graecia archaica]] (#1) lemmate proprio, (#2) definitione idonea, et (#3) fonte externo caret, et omnis Vicipadia ut videtur (#4) nexibus ad hanc paginam ducentibus caret. That's all four of the formula's four criteria. ¶ For the difference between a stub and more-than-a-stub, the cutoff I've been using has been 2,000 octeti for general articles and 1,900 for articles with a taxobox. I don't recall a consensus on that limit, but articles having 4,000, 5,000, 6,000 octeti have been marked "stipula"; that's likely too high a limit, and I'd suggest that 2,000 (or possibly your 1,000) is a more defensible upper limit for stubs. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 03:15, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::For example, just today, someone added "<nowiki>{{urbs-stipula}}</nowiki>" to the article on [[Barcino]], which already had more than 3,500 octeti! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:04, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::: ''Stipulae'' are not problematic from an administrative point of view, because in theory they can remain as such forever. Barcellona is an important city with a lot of history that can be written in an encyclopedia, it can be understandable if someone feels that the current page can be greatly improved. Instead, what scares me about the {{Fn|Augenda}} template is that it is not only an invitation to improve pages, it also asks us to delete pages after three months (which is why it should be used with care). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:57, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::::Then why not change the verb from ''will'' to ''may'' or introduce some other indication of indeterminacy? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:31, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :: [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]], we can set any limit we want, but what I think makes little sense is saying that a page must be increased within three months, but then after three months nothing happens and the categories above keep growing. We must set a realistic (relatively low) threshold and then, after that, be ready to '''delete''' the pages that do not respect our threshold (in [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 35#De novo spatio nominali adumbrationum proponendo|another thread]] I had proposed the <code>adumbratio:</code> namespace where after three months all these “augenda” pages can be moved, but that is a separate topic). A page like [[Graecia archaica]] only needs relatively little work to be adjusted—certainly does not deserve to be deleted. What I want to stress here is that every time you add {{Fn|Augenda}} to a page you are basically saying “If the page stays like this, I am okay if after three months it gets deleted”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 03:58, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::That's correct, but I heartily endorse a separate namespace, a kind of purgatory, where such pages can go until they've become worthy of standing in the mainspace. As a rule, I don't work on formulas, so I likely had nothing to do with the wording of this one, but three months must have been the original consensus. If memory serves, @Andrew Dalby and perhaps others have occasionally enforced the three-month rule, though sometimes after well more than three months have elapsed. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:08, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::: Intellego. Novum spatium nominale a “Phabricatore” petiturus sum. Quid censeres si in paginis amplioribus (e.g. inter 2000 et 1000) formulā {{Fn|Nondum stipula}} (quae nullam categoriam cum tempore praefinito imponit) pro formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} utereris? Aut aliam novam formulam quoque nobis excogitare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:57, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) ::::: {{Tpe|Nova}} Hic nuper petivi ut novum spatium nominale adumbrationum crearetur: [[phab:T418706|New “Draft” namespace for lawiki: “Adumbratio”]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:01, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC) :::::: {{Tpe|Novissima}} Euax! Spatium nominale adumbrationum [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|habemus]]! Textus paginae [[MediaWiki:Noarticletext]] nobis sic mutandus est ut adumbrationes, si exsistunt, detegantur. Postea aliquid excogitabo. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:34, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC) @[[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobe]]: What would you think if we created a <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Pagina neglecta}}</syntaxhighlight> template, and established that when we find a page that was created more than three months ago (e.g. [[Agrinium]], created in 2004!), instead of {{Fn|Augenda}} we add the new template instead? The <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Pagina neglecta}}</syntaxhighlight> template could look more or less like this: {{Capsa annuntiationis | color = #7f83d7 | pigmentum = #f3f4fb | imago = P writing.svg | 1 = '''Commentationem neglectam augeamus!''' Haec commentatio longe neglecta videtur mansa esse. Sodes, adiuva paginam augere! }} We can then have [[:Categoria:Paginae neglectae]], where all these pages will be automatically collected. I am proposing this because I think that it makes little sense to warn that a page that was created 22 years ago must be improved within three months! It will be an empty warning. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 08:40, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC) :That might be useful. How would it differ from the Adumbratio solution? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:01, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC) :: Following [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|the rules]] that I partly translated from English Wikipedia, we must not move pages that were created long ago to the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace. So the picture should look as follows: ::* '''Case 1:''' The page is is too short and was recently created. We have three possibilities: ::*# We improve it (prefereable solution) ::*# We move it to the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace (less prefereable than improving the page but more prefearable than the following) ::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}} (less prefereable) ::*#: ↳ If three months after adding {{Fn|Augenda}} nothing has changed we delete the page for real ::* '''Case 2:''' The page is too short and was created more than three months ago. Two possibilities: ::*# We improve it (prefereable solution) ::*# We have no other choice but adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Pagina neglecta}}</syntaxhighlight> ::*#: ↳ We must take into account that the page might stay like that indefinitely ::* '''Case 3:''' The page was in the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace and was moved to the main namespace prematurely: ::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}} ::*#: ↳ If after three months nothing has changed we delete the page for real :: The rationale is that pages that are too old might no longer have someone that checks them and is able to fulfill our expectations. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:42, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC) == De novo spatio adumbrationum == {{Collaboratio|Alex1011|Alexander Gerashchenko|Amahoney|Andreas Raether|Andrew Dalby|Aylin|Bartholomite|Bis-Taurinus|Demetrius Talpa|Giorno2|IacobusAmor|Ioscius|Iustinus|Lesgles|LilyKitty|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Neander|Pippobuono|Rafaelgarcia|Sigur|Utilo|UV|Xaverius | alacres = IacobusAmor | alacritas = mensis | res = Magistratūs usoresque strenuos vocavi. Veniam peto si alicuius oblitus sum. | subscriptio = [[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC) }} Nuper novum spatium nominale <code>Adumbratio:</code> condidimus. Nunc oportet regulas nostras definire. Apud [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] paginam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]] partim verti, sed de nostra propria ratione consentiendum est. Notandum est Vicipaediam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts#Reasons not to move an article to draftspace|regulam habere]] qua vetatur paginam in spatio principali sitam in spatium adumbrationum movere “si commentatio ante plus quam 90 dies creata est”. Re quidem vera, nuper paginam [[Alkinum]] ad [[Adumbratio:Alkinum]] movi (praesertim ad lineamenta technica novi spatii nominalis experienda), attamen mihi visum est parum rectum paginam anno 2006 creatam (et [[Vicipaedia:Paginae quas omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet/Expansio#Materies chemicales|quam omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet]]!) ibi movere. Quo facto suasus sum ut nobis vetandum sit formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} paginis ante plus quam tres menses creatis addere. Nam, si pagina nimis brevis olim creata est et usque talis mansit, si nos eam negleximus nec animadvertimus nisi nunc, meā sententiā duae optiones tantum nobis patent: aut eam relinquimus intactam, aut formulam {{Fn|Delenda}} apponimus. Ceterum, a vobis peto ut paginam [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] inspiciatis, novas regulas proponatis, aut regulas a me scriptas emendetis. Valete! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC) ==De loco vel gradu Vicipaediae apud Meta== Does moving articles counted among the 10,000 most important (like "[[Alkinum]]" & "[[Oxidum]]") into the limbo marked by <nowiki>{{Adumbratio}}</nowiki> and/or <nowiki>{{Neglecta}}</nowiki> lower Vicipaedia's score at Meta? (Vide [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias_by_expanded_sample_of_articles|"List of Wikipedias by expanded sample of articles"].) In other words, do they need to remain in the mainspace to boost Vicipaedia's score? ¶ Ten years ago, in March 2016, Vicipaedia was ranked thirty-ninth among all the wikis; at the end of last month, it was ranked fifty-second. This is not an encouraging trend, and deliberately accelerating it might not be considered advisable. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:52, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC) : Hi Iacobus. Moving pages to the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace definitely counts as removing them from the encyclopedia. Adding {{Fn|Pagina neglecta}} (or any other template) instead has no effects. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:09, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC) ::<nowiki>{{ping|IacobusAmor}}</nowiki>, is there a page that specifies the number of articles from this list that we have? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:47, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::{{ping|IacobusAmor}}, idk why my previous ping got wrapped by nowiki. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:48, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::Ecce (but it needs to be updated): https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Amahoney/Myrias_epitome [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:04, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::::So, as Grufo says, moving one of the "10,000" pages into Adumbratio space removes it from the encyclopedia and from the score that Iacobus mentions. In the case of a page in that list, maybe it's better for it to be in mainspace, with a warning template (''neglecta/augenda/...'') on it? If it's in mainspace, more editors might see it and be tempted to improve it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::::: Hi Andrew. Indeed. When I created the page [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] by (partially) translating [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]], I also translated the rule that a page can be moved away from the mainspace to the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace only if it is a newly created page (< 90 days). So pages that have long been among our 10000 pages are safe. P.S. The rules in [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] still need our consensus, so if you have time, please give that page a look. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:58, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Template:Weather box == {{Excepta|Vicipaedia:Officina|Template:Weather box|Locus opportunior --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} == Quid significat expectatio vacuae mutationis? == Dicitur in pagina [[Topologia classium punctorum]] quod "Haec pagina mutationem vacuam expectat". Et rogat me, "nihil tangens", sibi ostendere mutationes. Ad quem dirigitur haec monitio, et quas mutationes oportet eum sibi ostendere? Non intelligo. [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:29, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) : Salve, [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Illa icon significat vicitextum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica|en|qid=Q179899}}</syntaxhighlight> ad hunc vicitextum, si paginam emendas, sponte mutatum iri: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica]]</syntaxhighlight> (vide [[Special:Diff/3954206/3955454|meam ultimam recensionem]] et documentationem formulae {{fsn|pcc}}), quoniam nunc [[Spatium topologicum|paginam]] habemus quae cum entitate Vicidatorum [[:d:Q179899]] nectitur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 04:44, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::Gratias habeo—mirum tamen mihi videtur, quod substitutio "cref" tantum unam tesseram (siquidem recte lexi) sumat ut argumentum. Quomodo ergo facio, si notam duos habeat nexus ad paginas creatas?--[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:29, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::: Immo, infinitatem tesserarum formula {{fsn|cref}} accipit. Vide, exempli gratia, hanc annotationem in pagina “[[Carpates]]”, ubi sunt ambae entitates [[:d:Q6776713]] et [[:d:Q11699202]]: :::: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1={{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Martinus Szent-Ivany|Martini Szent-Ivany|hu|qid=Q6776713}} [...] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gabriel Rzaczynski|Gabrielis Rzączyński|pl|qid=Q11699202}} [...]|2=Q6776713|3=Q11699202}}</syntaxhighlight> ::: Vide etiam {{Caput|Formula:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|Quomodo tesseram invenio?}}. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:43, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Annon corrigere possumus titulos "instrumentorum"? == Exempli gratia: video unum "instrumentum" appellari "Paginam prehendere formá PDF". Videtur mihi hic titulus mendam habere et corrigi posse accentus acutus ad macron. Sed nescio utrum corrigibilis sit ab usoribus. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:47, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) : Salve [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Usoribus non licet [[Specialis:Nuntia systematis|nuntia systematis]] recensere (vide etiam <span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:Special:Allpages|namespace=8}} spatium “<code>MediaWiki:</code>”]</span>), sed usores possunt a magistratibus petere ut nuntia recenseant (et multa nuntia exstant quae meliora facere aut etiam omnino vertere oportet!). Non invenio ubi “Paginam prehendere formá PDF” iaceat; fortasse @[[Usor:UV|UV]] adiuvare potest. P.S. “accentus acutus” revera est [[Apex (orthographia Latina)|apex]], forma antiquior [[macron|macri]]; attamen concordo uniformia signa diacritica nobis esse sequenda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:42, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::Non potest prehendere paginas disputationum formā PDF. Sed paginas encyclopediae possumus; e.g. [[Macron]]. At ibi apparet "Paginam prehendere formá PDF". --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:04, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::: Nexum video, sed quid nuntium gignat non invenio. Exempli gratia, [[MediaWiki:Contributions|haec pagina]] nuntium “User contributions” ad nuntium Latinum “Conlationes usoris” vertit; sed quid vertit “Download PDF” ad “Paginam prehendere formá PDF”? Nescio. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:44, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::Ignosce inclaritatem meam—sed prime (ut ita dicam) "Instrumenta" et videbis instrumentorum titulos. Titulus primus (ut mihi ostenduntur) est "Movere"; titulus novissimus est "Res Wikidata"; et unus titulorum est "Paginam prehendere formá PDF". --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:46, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Ut dixi, oculis meis textum video, sed ignoro e qua pagina aut e quo nuntio systematis oriatur. Nequeo textum corrigere si nescio quid mihi sit emendandum. Conatus sum aliqua similia nuntia vertere ([[MediaWiki:Wikisource-download-pdf|#1]], [[MediaWiki:Minerva-download|#2]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-print-text|#3]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-download-label|#4]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-special-page-headline|#5]]), sed nuntium quod quaeris non inveni. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:54, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::bzgrep utebar perlegere totam Vicipaediam Latinam; non tamen inveni. Mirum! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:25, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Potesne, quaeso, etiam situm https://translatewiki.net/ per “bzgrep” inspicere? Etiam illic non inveni textum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:28, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::::[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/MediaWiki:Coll-download_as/la Fontem] inveni huius textus, non autem bzgrep utens. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:12, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::::: Gratias tibi ago. Correxi. Post paucos dies abhinc nova translatio etiam in Vicipaedia Latina ostendetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:34, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::Fortasse nostis [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki?uselang=qqx hunc nexum] per quem tandem inveni. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:37, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Regula generalis de intellegentia artificiali == [[:meta:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|Apud MetaVici disputatur]] utrum regula generalis de intellegentiae artificialis usu introducenda sit necne. Quum etiam nos tanget, vos hortor ut sententias vestras feratis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:42, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :Non penitus intelligo quomodo nos tangeat. Annon iam habemus regulam de plasmatibus (ut ita dicam) linguarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:50, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :: Regulae globales omnes Vicipaedias afficiunt, atque illa regula proponitur globalis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:56, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::Gratias habeo; nonne autem, si Vicipaedia Latina haberet regulam, supersedeat regulam generalem? Et simili modo respectu aliarum Vicipaediarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:01, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::: Non sum certus, sed timeo ne regulae globales vincant. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:05, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::::Ita; intelligo. Scisne utrum restrictionem an laxationem habeat favorem iuris? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:12, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::::: Apud Vicipaediam Latinam nulla est regula scripta; paginae tamen quae omnino intellegentiā artificiali sine ulla humana recensione vertuntur pittacio {{Fn|Pagina autotranslata}} signantur atque post unam hebdomadam delentur. Prima regula globalis proposita mihi videtur hoc tantum postulare, ut, ''praeter translationes'', usus intellegentiae artificialis aperte declaretur. Altera autem regula globalis vetat intellegentiā artificiali ūtī ''nisi in translationibus''. Meā sententiā, hoc nobis incommodum contrarium efficit, quia hic magnopere laboramus ad translationes machinarias moderandas; alii autem usūs intellegentiae artificialis nobis non sunt incommodo. Non puto magni rēferre usum ipsum declarare, sed potius oportere responsa intellegentiae artificialis diligenter inspicere ac recensere. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:45, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Quomodo melius invenire titula proposita pro articulo nondum existente? == Volui creare articulum pro "poset" (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474715). Scio, quod est formula "subst:pcc" alicubi in hac Vicipaedia per quam statuitur titulum huius articuli. Sed nescio, et "bzgrep" iterum inutilis est. Estne methodus inventionis talium "titulorum articulorum nondum existentium"? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:47, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) : Formula {{fsn|pcc}} nescit quod nomen Latinum novae paginae (“nexui rubro”) assignandum sit, istud erit tibi eligendum. Ad formulam adhibendam tibi sufficiet titulum Latinum et linguā aliā scribere. E.g.: :: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|en=Partially ordered set|Aggregatio partim ordinata}}</syntaxhighlight> ::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}} : Aut, si vis, potes autem tesseram Vicidatorum praebere: :: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}</syntaxhighlight> ::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}} : Non exstat ullus index paginarum creandarum. Nomina inveniuntur simul ac paginae creantur. Attamen, si quis paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinat'''issima'''” postea creet at ad [[:d:Q474715]] eam nectat, pagina ubi nexus ruber “Aggregatio partim ordinata” ostendebatur nunc ad paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinatissima” nectetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 06:13, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Quomodo citare librum, quod numerum librarium uniformem inter gentes caret? == [[Cancellum (mathematica)|Hac pagina]] conor citare librum quoddam, sed caret ISBN/NLUIG. Habet tamen numerum Catalogii Librarii Congressus (LCCN), sed nescio quomodo hanc numerum affigere rei citatae. Multas habeo gratias pro auxilio vestro! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:09, 18 Maii 2026 (UTC) == Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet? == Salvete omnes! Hic scribo nec in [[Disputatio:Natio|pagina disputationis]] quod hoc verbum in multis commentariis est. Secundum [https://archive.org/details/practicalint00arno/page/41/mode/1up librum Arnoldi] “Natio is rarely used of a civilised and organised nation ; it means a people, or tribe, sprung from one race, of the same blood (nascor).” Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary Latin-English English-Latin” natio significat “a tribe, race, people, esp. uncivilized”, et verbum Anglicum nation significat “populus, gens (=people, stock), civitas (=body of citizens), respublica (=state), natio (=tribe, not highly civilized)”. Liber Arnoldi quoque monet ut iis vocabulis Latinis utamur. Commentarius [[Natio|natio]] illud Ciceronis habet: “Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt, nostra cīvitās nōn potest; …” in quo orator optimus populum Romanum a nationibus distinguet. Quid vobis videtur de hac re? Valete! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 20:58, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC) :Haec "natio" a primis temporibus Vicipaediae originem obscuram ducit, mihi non placet, sed permulta corrigenda sunt, si eam mutare volumus. Civitas (de civibus), civitas sui iuris? [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 22:09, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC) :: Aut etiam possibile est dicere, etiam secundum linguas recentiores, ipsam notionem “nationis” quodammodo “civitati” adversari. Id est, sunt qui putent, etiam linguis hodiernis, “nationem” (Anglice ''nation'', Italice ''nazione'', et cetera) semper aliquid minus civile quam “civitatem” (Anglice ''state'', Italice ''Stato'', et cetera), immo vero tribale, significare. Cum hoc tamen concordo, paginam illam nimis veterem esse atque redintegrandam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:41, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC) :::Melius est quaedam omittere quam nihil corrigere. Video nos habere commentarios qui vocantur [[Civitas]] (Ang. [[w:en:State (polity)]]), [[Gens]] (Ang. [[w:en:Gens]], nescio cur hic commentarius Latine non sit solis de gentibus Romanis), [[Populus]] (Ang. [[w:en:People]]), [[Res publica]] (Ang. [[w:en:Republic]]), et [[Tribus (anthropologia)]] ([[w:en:Tribe]]). Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary”, tribus significat”originally a third part if the Roman people. Hence a tribe, a division of the Roman people …”. Hoc dictionarium monet ut verbo “natio” vel verbo “gens” utamur si scribere “tribe” velimus nec de tribubus Romanis scribamus. Vero non possum novum nomen commentarii [[Natio]] commendare quod nescio cur vikipedia tot commentarios habeat. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 14:38, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC) ::::Pagina non est delenda, si hoc consulis. "Natio" [http://lexica.linguax.com/forc2.php?searchedLG=natio verbum est Latinum], cur id ne explicemus. Si nexum intervicialem ad paginam Anglicam male congruere putas, ita est, non perfectissime congruit. Sed cum de notionibus abstractis agitur, nexus interviciales saepius tales sunt. Hoc malum in Vicipaediα inevitabile est et hoc non est malum, si res explicatur. Paginae ipsius loca quaedam corrigenda est, Ciceronis interpretatio mutanda, et, quod maxime interest, inter [[Specialis:Nexus_ad_paginam/Natio|nexus ad eam]] hi multi corrigendi sunt, ubi "natio" in modum Anglicum civitatem sui iuris significat. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 18:22, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC) :::::Pagina scilicet delenda non est. Vidi paginas in Vikipedia Hebraica et Ucrainica ad paginam Anglicam bene congruere nec nostram paginam. Natio est verbum Latinum, cuius sensu Latino uti debemus, nec sensi Anglico. Delere nolo sed mutare et fortasse movere. Eo consilio hunc sermonem coepi ut sensibus Latinis verborum uteremur. Vero nescio cur Vikipedia Anglica tot paginas habeat et quid sit discrimen inter “nation” et “state”, propter quod non possum verbum meliorum commendare. Potestne pagina Anglica nostrae paginae [[Natio]] esse [[w:en:Tribe]]? Tribus quoque verbum Latinum est sed secundum dictionarium non idem significat et verbum Anglicum tribe. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:24, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC) :::::: ''Tribus'' est quaedam divisio populi, non tota natio ([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=tribus]). Possum falli, sed secundum illam Ciceronis sententiam (“Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt …”) mihi videtur praecipua differentia inter ''civitatem'' et ''nationem'' hoc esse, quod ''civitas'' rem publicam civium significat, ''nationes'' autem alios populos tamquam gentes spectatos. Ita ''civitas'' erat Roma, ''nationes'' erant ceteri populi. P.S. {{*Cfr}} etiam “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio” (Cic.). Nam Graecis erat una natio sed plures civitates. Hoc usu vocabulum mihi videtur fere eodem sensu adhiberi ac in linguis hodiernis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 23:07, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC) :::::::Nexus interviciales perutiles sunt (ad minimum, lectores novos nobis dirigunt!) sed non nos regunt. Omnis lingua, sicut [[civitas sui iuris]], libera est. Debemus (1) verba Latina Latinitate classica definire (2) alia verba quibus significationes cognatae sunt (e.g. gens, tribus, civitas) distinguere, nexibus datis (3) significationes apud Latinistas recentiores explicare, si differunt (4) praeter alia, de re principali pellucide disserere. :::::::Cicero his verbis, ''omnes nationes servitutem fere possunt: nostra civitas non potest'' (Phil. 10.10.20) inter ''nationes'' et ''nostram civitatem'' quoquomodo distinguere videtur ... sed alibi ''omnes <u>exteras</u> nationes'' et ''eruditissimam Graecorum nationem'' indicat (Imp. Pomp. 11.31; De Or. 2.4.18) -- unde intellego, apud Ciceronem, plures ''nationes'' exstitisse tam sub imperio S.P.Q.R. quam extra limites. Ex his sententiis, si volumus, inter civitatem et nationem facile erit distinguere: sed inter ''populos'' et ''nationes'' ...? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:06, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Nolite oblivisci ''gentes''&thinsp;! Cassell's nobis dicit (p. 742) ''international law'' locutionem Anglicam nostra lingua esse ''ius gentium,'' ac Traupman (ed. 3, p. 575) nobis dicit ''international'' ipsum verbum Anglicum esse ''inter gentes.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:12, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::Sententias vestras perlegi et commentarium inveni [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311975311_On_the_Roman_Concept_of_Natio “On the Roman Concept of Natio”] quem quoque legi, et iam intellego quanta difficilis sit haec res. In libro Arnoldi et in dictionario legi nationem esse “esp. uncivilized”, nec autores Romanos scripisisse Nationem Romanam. Putavi nationem esse tribe nec unquam civilised nation. Iam nesio a bonus sit hic nexus. Veritus sum ne homines dum Latine scribebant solis nexibus uterentur, nec deliberarent quid sit verbum optimum. De pagina nostra [[Respublica]] vos consulere quoque volo. Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary” “'''republic''' ''respublica'', ''civitas'' (= state, simply): a —, as opp. to other forms of government, ''respublica'' (or ''civitas''” ''libera'' or ''popularis''.” Respublica et civitas idem significare mihi videntur. Nonne melius est movere hanc paginam ut novem nomen sit Respublica popularis? Haec res non est solo de nexu sed quoque de ipsa pagina. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:38, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::Fortasse, sed iam est commentarius de "People's republic" in vicipaedia Anglica. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:31, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::: De differentia inter ''gentem'' et ''nationem'' conferatur etiam {{LTL|natio|335}}: “A ''gente'' aliquando ita differt, ut genus a specie: ''gens'' enim latius patet, et plures nationes complectitur, ut ''gens'' Graeca habet Atticos, Boeotos, Thebanos, qui ejusdem gentis nationes sunt.” Saepissime tamen gens et natio sunt synonyma. @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: Graeci non erant “uncivilized”, attamen erant natio vel plures nationes. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:53, 2 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::Multae paginae in Vicipaedia connexae sunt; ''United Nations'' vertitur ut [[Nationes Unitae]], multis cum fontibus (duabus encyclicis aliisque). Hoc mutare nequimus, et pagina de [[natio]]ne nec huic sensui contradicere debet; haec causa, cur paginae Anglicae '"Nation" ceterisque de hac natione moderna narrantibus alliganda sit. Sed de pagina [[Nationes mundi]], exempli gratia, iam dubito, et "civitates mundi" nationibus praeferam, [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 20:50, 4 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::Iam intellego. Huic sensu, quo utuntur encyclici, contradicere scilicet nequimus. Gratias omnibus vobis ago quia mihi hanc rem explanavistis. :::::::::::{{ping|Grufo}}, Quaesivi nec inveni ubi Cicero nationem Graecam scripserit. Testimonium encyclicorum mihi videtur bonum esse, scire tamen volo ubi orator optimus his verbis usus sit. :::::::::::Valete. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 21:14, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::: @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: {{Op|[[De oratore]]}}, {{Vf|De oratore/Liber II|18|2.4.18}}: “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:09, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::Gratias tibi ago! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:45, 7 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::De commentario qui [[Nationes mundi]] (Anglice [[w:en:List of sovereign states|List of sovereign states]]) vocatur, nonne melius nomen est “''Index civitatum sui iuris''”? :::::::::::Vide commentarios: :::::::::::* [[Civitas sui iuris]] :::::::::::* [[Index communium Badeniae et Virtembergiae]] :::::::::::* [[Index urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]] :::::::::::* [[Index fluviorum Germaniae]] :::::::::::* [[Index asteroidum]] :::::::::::* [[Index siglorum ordinum ecclesiae catholicae]] :::::::::::Hic commentarius est index. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 16:50, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::::Sic, [[Index civitatum sui iuris]] bonum nomen est, multae paginae huius generis in Vicipaedia Latina "indices" nominantur. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 19:47, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::Vobis consentio. Hanc paginam satis antiquam renominare oportet. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:39, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Utrum possumus paginam renominate an oportet [[Formula:Movenda]] utere? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:21, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::::Formula ad disputandum in pagina disputationis ponitur, sed nunc hic erat disputaio, fornula non necessaria est. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 15:55, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::::: Paginam movi. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:02, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC) == "-karyotica" vel "-caryotica"? == In pagina de [[Cellula|cellulis]] ambae formae extant. Videtur mihi melius, si unicam noscamus formam. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 03:14, 16 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :"-caryotica" melius. Vocabulum est antiquum, Graecae originis (κάρυον), nullae sunt causae, ut "k" scribatur. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 12:05, 17 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::Consentio. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:16, 17 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::"nullae sunt causae": consentiebam imprimis sed nunc occursit mihi formae "-karyota" esse in taxonomia Linnaeana. Etenim (cuius ratione fortasse) redirigitur [[Eucaryota]] ad "Eukaryota" et [[Procaryota]] ad "Prokaryota". --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:38, 20 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::Si alterum rectum est, alterum fontibus biloolgicis testatum, unum eligere non possumus, eligas, quod velis. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 07:10, 20 Iunii 2026 (UTC) == Pagina mensis Iulii 2026 abest == {{Excepta|Disputatio Vicipaediae:Pagina mensis|2026}} == Paginae de praenominibus: lemmata typis italicis necne? == In disputatione {{caput|Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|Carolus: Cur titulus italicus?}}, noster [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]] suadet ut lemmata qualia illa paginarum de praenominibus scribantur typis italicis. Ego nescio quid sit faciendum. Praenomina apud Vicipaediam Anglicam et alibi non scribuntur typis italicis (e.g. [[:en:Martin (name)]]), sed nobis licet aliam regulam nostram statuere. Attamen, si hanc conventionem adoptamus, oportebit eam ubique adhibere, atque multae paginae emendandae erunt. Quid dicatis? Censeatisne lemmata in paginis de praenominibus scribenda esse typis italicis? --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 16:34, 18 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :::And yet, Grufo, in the article that you cite ("[[:en:Martin (name)]]"), you'll find this heading: "The name ''Martin'' in different regions"! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:50, 18 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :::: I am not against using italics for words cited as words, I am just wondering whether ''the page's lemma'' should be italicized (i.e. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Titulus italicus}} ... {{ires|Martinus}} est praenomen ...</syntaxhighlight>). Having somewhere below the lead something like <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>Nomen ''Martinus'' ...</syntaxhighlight>, seems pretty fine to me, especially when discussing etimologies. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:01, 19 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :Non, hoc insolitum est, multos annos Vicipaedia sine hoc italico vivebat. Argumentum Jacobi est: :* Leo XIV est pontifex, sed eius nomen familiare est ''Robertus'' (vel "Robertus"), — :hic de praenomine ut nomine, non de homine vel de re agitur, hic scriptura italica vel virgulae possibiles sunt. Sed pagina de ipso praenomine hoc praenomen ut rem describendam tractat. Nullae sunt causae, ut huius generis paginarum formam mutemus. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 17:10, 18 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :::Iste locus omnino rectus non est. "''Robertus'' (vel "Robertus")" non scripsi. Quod scripsi est: ::::[[Leo XIV]] est [[Episcopus Romanus]], sed eius nomen familiare est ''Robertus.'' :::At least in English, and in the English wikipedia, words cited as words are customarily italicized (not quoted); however, as noted in effect by Grufo, many writers, including those of the English wikipedia, make an exception for capitalized nouns. Much of the time, that's perhaps unobjectionable, as it doesn't lead to misreading, but it can generate curious locutions, for example: ::::Henry Edward Manning has been translated '[[Henricus Eduardus Manning]].' :::This is curious because, for people reading these words for the first time, the lack of italics in the text effectively marks Manning as a human being, not a set of words, and human beings can't be translated, unless, of course, they're bishops, who can indeed be translated (from see to see); but Manning was never a bishop of anywhere except Westminster, so he was never translated—making ''both'' of these sentences true. but ''only'' when italics are selectively deployed: ::::''Henry Edward Manning'' was often translated. ::::Henry Edward Manning was never translated. :::Granted, this is a rare example, but it's most definitely a valid contrastive minimal pair. In any event, relying on capitalization may prove problematic in general, since many nouns capitalized in the Anglo-German world are ''not'' capitalized in many other languages, and that's "a whole nother can of worms." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:38, 18 Augusti 2026 (UTC) ::::Okay, but in the title of a Wikipedia article, the name is not taken as word, but as an object that the article treats. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 09:29, 19 Augusti 2026 (UTC) == [[:Categoria:Portae]] == [[:Categoria:Portae]] nunc includit paginas sui generis, quod vulgo ''portal'' nominatur, sed habemus aliquot paginas de portis veris, de aedificiis huius generis ([[Porta Aurea]], [[Porta nigra]], [[Porta Praenestina]], [[Porta Brandenburgensis]], [[Porta Graach]] etc.) Puto categoriae portalium aliud nomen dandum esse, e.g. "Portae Vicipaedianae", "Portae (Vicipaedia)", in [[:categoria:Portae]] autem portas veras colligendas. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 09:57, 21 Augusti 2026 (UTC) <!-- Si nomen tuum addere vis, tantummodo substitue “subst:Assenserunt” in locum verbi “Assenserunt” hic: -->{{Assenserunt|Grufo=2026-08-21 11:00:42}} : Categoriam “[[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Portae Vicipaedianae]]” creavi et nonnullas subcategorias ibi movi, sed nunc tantummodo telephonio geatabili recensere possum; postea ceteras subcategorias illūc movebo. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 11:25, 21 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :: {{Ok}} Factum est. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:04, 21 Augusti 2026 (UTC) ob6oxkccthz0zfs1mroz0vehn2b1eqi 3982956 3982822 2026-08-21T19:32:52Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 /* Categoria:Portae */ Reply 3982956 wikitext text/x-wiki {{/Praefatio}} == De paginis nimis magnis quae formulā {{[[Formula:Augenda|Augenda]]}} utuntur == In [[:Categoria:Corrigenda|Categoriam:Corrigenda]] plures subcategoriae formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} stipantur (e.g. [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Februario 2023]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Ianuario 2024]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Decembri 2025]], et cetera). Inspiciens, multas harum paginarum invenii quae longiores sunt 1000 octobitis (e.g. [[Graecia archaica]]: 2928 octobiti). Quid censeatis si mechanema cum monitu in formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} inseram, ne in paginis longioribus quam 1000 octobitorum adhibeatur? Nam si pagina est satis longa, vanum est legentes monere paginam intra tres menses esse augendam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:30, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :Pagina de [[Graecia archaica]] (#1) lemmate proprio, (#2) definitione idonea, et (#3) fonte externo caret, et omnis Vicipadia ut videtur (#4) nexibus ad hanc paginam ducentibus caret. That's all four of the formula's four criteria. ¶ For the difference between a stub and more-than-a-stub, the cutoff I've been using has been 2,000 octeti for general articles and 1,900 for articles with a taxobox. I don't recall a consensus on that limit, but articles having 4,000, 5,000, 6,000 octeti have been marked "stipula"; that's likely too high a limit, and I'd suggest that 2,000 (or possibly your 1,000) is a more defensible upper limit for stubs. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 03:15, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::For example, just today, someone added "<nowiki>{{urbs-stipula}}</nowiki>" to the article on [[Barcino]], which already had more than 3,500 octeti! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:04, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::: ''Stipulae'' are not problematic from an administrative point of view, because in theory they can remain as such forever. Barcellona is an important city with a lot of history that can be written in an encyclopedia, it can be understandable if someone feels that the current page can be greatly improved. Instead, what scares me about the {{Fn|Augenda}} template is that it is not only an invitation to improve pages, it also asks us to delete pages after three months (which is why it should be used with care). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:57, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::::Then why not change the verb from ''will'' to ''may'' or introduce some other indication of indeterminacy? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:31, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :: [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]], we can set any limit we want, but what I think makes little sense is saying that a page must be increased within three months, but then after three months nothing happens and the categories above keep growing. We must set a realistic (relatively low) threshold and then, after that, be ready to '''delete''' the pages that do not respect our threshold (in [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 35#De novo spatio nominali adumbrationum proponendo|another thread]] I had proposed the <code>adumbratio:</code> namespace where after three months all these “augenda” pages can be moved, but that is a separate topic). A page like [[Graecia archaica]] only needs relatively little work to be adjusted—certainly does not deserve to be deleted. What I want to stress here is that every time you add {{Fn|Augenda}} to a page you are basically saying “If the page stays like this, I am okay if after three months it gets deleted”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 03:58, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::That's correct, but I heartily endorse a separate namespace, a kind of purgatory, where such pages can go until they've become worthy of standing in the mainspace. As a rule, I don't work on formulas, so I likely had nothing to do with the wording of this one, but three months must have been the original consensus. If memory serves, @Andrew Dalby and perhaps others have occasionally enforced the three-month rule, though sometimes after well more than three months have elapsed. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:08, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :::: Intellego. Novum spatium nominale a “Phabricatore” petiturus sum. Quid censeres si in paginis amplioribus (e.g. inter 2000 et 1000) formulā {{Fn|Nondum stipula}} (quae nullam categoriam cum tempore praefinito imponit) pro formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} utereris? Aut aliam novam formulam quoque nobis excogitare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:57, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC) ::::: {{Tpe|Nova}} Hic nuper petivi ut novum spatium nominale adumbrationum crearetur: [[phab:T418706|New “Draft” namespace for lawiki: “Adumbratio”]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:01, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC) :::::: {{Tpe|Novissima}} Euax! Spatium nominale adumbrationum [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|habemus]]! Textus paginae [[MediaWiki:Noarticletext]] nobis sic mutandus est ut adumbrationes, si exsistunt, detegantur. Postea aliquid excogitabo. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:34, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC) @[[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobe]]: What would you think if we created a <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Pagina neglecta}}</syntaxhighlight> template, and established that when we find a page that was created more than three months ago (e.g. [[Agrinium]], created in 2004!), instead of {{Fn|Augenda}} we add the new template instead? The <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Pagina neglecta}}</syntaxhighlight> template could look more or less like this: {{Capsa annuntiationis | color = #7f83d7 | pigmentum = #f3f4fb | imago = P writing.svg | 1 = '''Commentationem neglectam augeamus!''' Haec commentatio longe neglecta videtur mansa esse. Sodes, adiuva paginam augere! }} We can then have [[:Categoria:Paginae neglectae]], where all these pages will be automatically collected. I am proposing this because I think that it makes little sense to warn that a page that was created 22 years ago must be improved within three months! It will be an empty warning. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 08:40, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC) :That might be useful. How would it differ from the Adumbratio solution? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:01, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC) :: Following [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|the rules]] that I partly translated from English Wikipedia, we must not move pages that were created long ago to the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace. So the picture should look as follows: ::* '''Case 1:''' The page is is too short and was recently created. We have three possibilities: ::*# We improve it (prefereable solution) ::*# We move it to the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace (less prefereable than improving the page but more prefearable than the following) ::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}} (less prefereable) ::*#: ↳ If three months after adding {{Fn|Augenda}} nothing has changed we delete the page for real ::* '''Case 2:''' The page is too short and was created more than three months ago. Two possibilities: ::*# We improve it (prefereable solution) ::*# We have no other choice but adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Pagina neglecta}}</syntaxhighlight> ::*#: ↳ We must take into account that the page might stay like that indefinitely ::* '''Case 3:''' The page was in the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace and was moved to the main namespace prematurely: ::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}} ::*#: ↳ If after three months nothing has changed we delete the page for real :: The rationale is that pages that are too old might no longer have someone that checks them and is able to fulfill our expectations. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:42, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC) == De novo spatio adumbrationum == {{Collaboratio|Alex1011|Alexander Gerashchenko|Amahoney|Andreas Raether|Andrew Dalby|Aylin|Bartholomite|Bis-Taurinus|Demetrius Talpa|Giorno2|IacobusAmor|Ioscius|Iustinus|Lesgles|LilyKitty|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Neander|Pippobuono|Rafaelgarcia|Sigur|Utilo|UV|Xaverius | alacres = IacobusAmor | alacritas = mensis | res = Magistratūs usoresque strenuos vocavi. Veniam peto si alicuius oblitus sum. | subscriptio = [[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC) }} Nuper novum spatium nominale <code>Adumbratio:</code> condidimus. Nunc oportet regulas nostras definire. Apud [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] paginam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]] partim verti, sed de nostra propria ratione consentiendum est. Notandum est Vicipaediam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts#Reasons not to move an article to draftspace|regulam habere]] qua vetatur paginam in spatio principali sitam in spatium adumbrationum movere “si commentatio ante plus quam 90 dies creata est”. Re quidem vera, nuper paginam [[Alkinum]] ad [[Adumbratio:Alkinum]] movi (praesertim ad lineamenta technica novi spatii nominalis experienda), attamen mihi visum est parum rectum paginam anno 2006 creatam (et [[Vicipaedia:Paginae quas omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet/Expansio#Materies chemicales|quam omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet]]!) ibi movere. Quo facto suasus sum ut nobis vetandum sit formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} paginis ante plus quam tres menses creatis addere. Nam, si pagina nimis brevis olim creata est et usque talis mansit, si nos eam negleximus nec animadvertimus nisi nunc, meā sententiā duae optiones tantum nobis patent: aut eam relinquimus intactam, aut formulam {{Fn|Delenda}} apponimus. Ceterum, a vobis peto ut paginam [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] inspiciatis, novas regulas proponatis, aut regulas a me scriptas emendetis. Valete! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC) ==De loco vel gradu Vicipaediae apud Meta== Does moving articles counted among the 10,000 most important (like "[[Alkinum]]" & "[[Oxidum]]") into the limbo marked by <nowiki>{{Adumbratio}}</nowiki> and/or <nowiki>{{Neglecta}}</nowiki> lower Vicipaedia's score at Meta? (Vide [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias_by_expanded_sample_of_articles|"List of Wikipedias by expanded sample of articles"].) In other words, do they need to remain in the mainspace to boost Vicipaedia's score? ¶ Ten years ago, in March 2016, Vicipaedia was ranked thirty-ninth among all the wikis; at the end of last month, it was ranked fifty-second. This is not an encouraging trend, and deliberately accelerating it might not be considered advisable. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:52, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC) : Hi Iacobus. Moving pages to the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace definitely counts as removing them from the encyclopedia. Adding {{Fn|Pagina neglecta}} (or any other template) instead has no effects. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:09, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC) ::<nowiki>{{ping|IacobusAmor}}</nowiki>, is there a page that specifies the number of articles from this list that we have? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:47, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::{{ping|IacobusAmor}}, idk why my previous ping got wrapped by nowiki. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:48, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::Ecce (but it needs to be updated): https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Amahoney/Myrias_epitome [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:04, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::::So, as Grufo says, moving one of the "10,000" pages into Adumbratio space removes it from the encyclopedia and from the score that Iacobus mentions. In the case of a page in that list, maybe it's better for it to be in mainspace, with a warning template (''neglecta/augenda/...'') on it? If it's in mainspace, more editors might see it and be tempted to improve it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::::: Hi Andrew. Indeed. When I created the page [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] by (partially) translating [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]], I also translated the rule that a page can be moved away from the mainspace to the <code>Adumbratio:</code> namespace only if it is a newly created page (< 90 days). So pages that have long been among our 10000 pages are safe. P.S. The rules in [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] still need our consensus, so if you have time, please give that page a look. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:58, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Template:Weather box == {{Excepta|Vicipaedia:Officina|Template:Weather box|Locus opportunior --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} == Quid significat expectatio vacuae mutationis? == Dicitur in pagina [[Topologia classium punctorum]] quod "Haec pagina mutationem vacuam expectat". Et rogat me, "nihil tangens", sibi ostendere mutationes. Ad quem dirigitur haec monitio, et quas mutationes oportet eum sibi ostendere? Non intelligo. [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:29, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) : Salve, [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Illa icon significat vicitextum <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica|en|qid=Q179899}}</syntaxhighlight> ad hunc vicitextum, si paginam emendas, sponte mutatum iri: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica]]</syntaxhighlight> (vide [[Special:Diff/3954206/3955454|meam ultimam recensionem]] et documentationem formulae {{fsn|pcc}}), quoniam nunc [[Spatium topologicum|paginam]] habemus quae cum entitate Vicidatorum [[:d:Q179899]] nectitur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 04:44, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::Gratias habeo—mirum tamen mihi videtur, quod substitutio "cref" tantum unam tesseram (siquidem recte lexi) sumat ut argumentum. Quomodo ergo facio, si notam duos habeat nexus ad paginas creatas?--[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:29, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::: Immo, infinitatem tesserarum formula {{fsn|cref}} accipit. Vide, exempli gratia, hanc annotationem in pagina “[[Carpates]]”, ubi sunt ambae entitates [[:d:Q6776713]] et [[:d:Q11699202]]: :::: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1={{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Martinus Szent-Ivany|Martini Szent-Ivany|hu|qid=Q6776713}} [...] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gabriel Rzaczynski|Gabrielis Rzączyński|pl|qid=Q11699202}} [...]|2=Q6776713|3=Q11699202}}</syntaxhighlight> ::: Vide etiam {{Caput|Formula:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|Quomodo tesseram invenio?}}. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:43, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Annon corrigere possumus titulos "instrumentorum"? == Exempli gratia: video unum "instrumentum" appellari "Paginam prehendere formá PDF". Videtur mihi hic titulus mendam habere et corrigi posse accentus acutus ad macron. Sed nescio utrum corrigibilis sit ab usoribus. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:47, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) : Salve [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Usoribus non licet [[Specialis:Nuntia systematis|nuntia systematis]] recensere (vide etiam <span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:Special:Allpages|namespace=8}} spatium “<code>MediaWiki:</code>”]</span>), sed usores possunt a magistratibus petere ut nuntia recenseant (et multa nuntia exstant quae meliora facere aut etiam omnino vertere oportet!). Non invenio ubi “Paginam prehendere formá PDF” iaceat; fortasse @[[Usor:UV|UV]] adiuvare potest. P.S. “accentus acutus” revera est [[Apex (orthographia Latina)|apex]], forma antiquior [[macron|macri]]; attamen concordo uniformia signa diacritica nobis esse sequenda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:42, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::Non potest prehendere paginas disputationum formā PDF. Sed paginas encyclopediae possumus; e.g. [[Macron]]. At ibi apparet "Paginam prehendere formá PDF". --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:04, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::: Nexum video, sed quid nuntium gignat non invenio. Exempli gratia, [[MediaWiki:Contributions|haec pagina]] nuntium “User contributions” ad nuntium Latinum “Conlationes usoris” vertit; sed quid vertit “Download PDF” ad “Paginam prehendere formá PDF”? Nescio. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:44, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::Ignosce inclaritatem meam—sed prime (ut ita dicam) "Instrumenta" et videbis instrumentorum titulos. Titulus primus (ut mihi ostenduntur) est "Movere"; titulus novissimus est "Res Wikidata"; et unus titulorum est "Paginam prehendere formá PDF". --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:46, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Ut dixi, oculis meis textum video, sed ignoro e qua pagina aut e quo nuntio systematis oriatur. Nequeo textum corrigere si nescio quid mihi sit emendandum. Conatus sum aliqua similia nuntia vertere ([[MediaWiki:Wikisource-download-pdf|#1]], [[MediaWiki:Minerva-download|#2]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-print-text|#3]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-download-label|#4]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-special-page-headline|#5]]), sed nuntium quod quaeris non inveni. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:54, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::bzgrep utebar perlegere totam Vicipaediam Latinam; non tamen inveni. Mirum! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:25, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Potesne, quaeso, etiam situm https://translatewiki.net/ per “bzgrep” inspicere? Etiam illic non inveni textum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:28, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::::[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/MediaWiki:Coll-download_as/la Fontem] inveni huius textus, non autem bzgrep utens. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:12, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::::: Gratias tibi ago. Correxi. Post paucos dies abhinc nova translatio etiam in Vicipaedia Latina ostendetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:34, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::Fortasse nostis [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki?uselang=qqx hunc nexum] per quem tandem inveni. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:37, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Regula generalis de intellegentia artificiali == [[:meta:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|Apud MetaVici disputatur]] utrum regula generalis de intellegentiae artificialis usu introducenda sit necne. Quum etiam nos tanget, vos hortor ut sententias vestras feratis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:42, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :Non penitus intelligo quomodo nos tangeat. Annon iam habemus regulam de plasmatibus (ut ita dicam) linguarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:50, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :: Regulae globales omnes Vicipaedias afficiunt, atque illa regula proponitur globalis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:56, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::Gratias habeo; nonne autem, si Vicipaedia Latina haberet regulam, supersedeat regulam generalem? Et simili modo respectu aliarum Vicipaediarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:01, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::: Non sum certus, sed timeo ne regulae globales vincant. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:05, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::::Ita; intelligo. Scisne utrum restrictionem an laxationem habeat favorem iuris? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:12, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::::: Apud Vicipaediam Latinam nulla est regula scripta; paginae tamen quae omnino intellegentiā artificiali sine ulla humana recensione vertuntur pittacio {{Fn|Pagina autotranslata}} signantur atque post unam hebdomadam delentur. Prima regula globalis proposita mihi videtur hoc tantum postulare, ut, ''praeter translationes'', usus intellegentiae artificialis aperte declaretur. Altera autem regula globalis vetat intellegentiā artificiali ūtī ''nisi in translationibus''. Meā sententiā, hoc nobis incommodum contrarium efficit, quia hic magnopere laboramus ad translationes machinarias moderandas; alii autem usūs intellegentiae artificialis nobis non sunt incommodo. Non puto magni rēferre usum ipsum declarare, sed potius oportere responsa intellegentiae artificialis diligenter inspicere ac recensere. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:45, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Quomodo melius invenire titula proposita pro articulo nondum existente? == Volui creare articulum pro "poset" (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474715). Scio, quod est formula "subst:pcc" alicubi in hac Vicipaedia per quam statuitur titulum huius articuli. Sed nescio, et "bzgrep" iterum inutilis est. Estne methodus inventionis talium "titulorum articulorum nondum existentium"? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:47, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) : Formula {{fsn|pcc}} nescit quod nomen Latinum novae paginae (“nexui rubro”) assignandum sit, istud erit tibi eligendum. Ad formulam adhibendam tibi sufficiet titulum Latinum et linguā aliā scribere. E.g.: :: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|en=Partially ordered set|Aggregatio partim ordinata}}</syntaxhighlight> ::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}} : Aut, si vis, potes autem tesseram Vicidatorum praebere: :: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}</syntaxhighlight> ::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}} : Non exstat ullus index paginarum creandarum. Nomina inveniuntur simul ac paginae creantur. Attamen, si quis paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinat'''issima'''” postea creet at ad [[:d:Q474715]] eam nectat, pagina ubi nexus ruber “Aggregatio partim ordinata” ostendebatur nunc ad paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinatissima” nectetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 06:13, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Quomodo citare librum, quod numerum librarium uniformem inter gentes caret? == [[Cancellum (mathematica)|Hac pagina]] conor citare librum quoddam, sed caret ISBN/NLUIG. Habet tamen numerum Catalogii Librarii Congressus (LCCN), sed nescio quomodo hanc numerum affigere rei citatae. Multas habeo gratias pro auxilio vestro! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:09, 18 Maii 2026 (UTC) == Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet? == Salvete omnes! Hic scribo nec in [[Disputatio:Natio|pagina disputationis]] quod hoc verbum in multis commentariis est. Secundum [https://archive.org/details/practicalint00arno/page/41/mode/1up librum Arnoldi] “Natio is rarely used of a civilised and organised nation ; it means a people, or tribe, sprung from one race, of the same blood (nascor).” Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary Latin-English English-Latin” natio significat “a tribe, race, people, esp. uncivilized”, et verbum Anglicum nation significat “populus, gens (=people, stock), civitas (=body of citizens), respublica (=state), natio (=tribe, not highly civilized)”. Liber Arnoldi quoque monet ut iis vocabulis Latinis utamur. Commentarius [[Natio|natio]] illud Ciceronis habet: “Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt, nostra cīvitās nōn potest; …” in quo orator optimus populum Romanum a nationibus distinguet. Quid vobis videtur de hac re? Valete! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 20:58, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC) :Haec "natio" a primis temporibus Vicipaediae originem obscuram ducit, mihi non placet, sed permulta corrigenda sunt, si eam mutare volumus. Civitas (de civibus), civitas sui iuris? [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 22:09, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC) :: Aut etiam possibile est dicere, etiam secundum linguas recentiores, ipsam notionem “nationis” quodammodo “civitati” adversari. Id est, sunt qui putent, etiam linguis hodiernis, “nationem” (Anglice ''nation'', Italice ''nazione'', et cetera) semper aliquid minus civile quam “civitatem” (Anglice ''state'', Italice ''Stato'', et cetera), immo vero tribale, significare. Cum hoc tamen concordo, paginam illam nimis veterem esse atque redintegrandam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:41, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC) :::Melius est quaedam omittere quam nihil corrigere. Video nos habere commentarios qui vocantur [[Civitas]] (Ang. [[w:en:State (polity)]]), [[Gens]] (Ang. [[w:en:Gens]], nescio cur hic commentarius Latine non sit solis de gentibus Romanis), [[Populus]] (Ang. [[w:en:People]]), [[Res publica]] (Ang. [[w:en:Republic]]), et [[Tribus (anthropologia)]] ([[w:en:Tribe]]). Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary”, tribus significat”originally a third part if the Roman people. Hence a tribe, a division of the Roman people …”. Hoc dictionarium monet ut verbo “natio” vel verbo “gens” utamur si scribere “tribe” velimus nec de tribubus Romanis scribamus. Vero non possum novum nomen commentarii [[Natio]] commendare quod nescio cur vikipedia tot commentarios habeat. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 14:38, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC) ::::Pagina non est delenda, si hoc consulis. "Natio" [http://lexica.linguax.com/forc2.php?searchedLG=natio verbum est Latinum], cur id ne explicemus. Si nexum intervicialem ad paginam Anglicam male congruere putas, ita est, non perfectissime congruit. Sed cum de notionibus abstractis agitur, nexus interviciales saepius tales sunt. Hoc malum in Vicipaediα inevitabile est et hoc non est malum, si res explicatur. Paginae ipsius loca quaedam corrigenda est, Ciceronis interpretatio mutanda, et, quod maxime interest, inter [[Specialis:Nexus_ad_paginam/Natio|nexus ad eam]] hi multi corrigendi sunt, ubi "natio" in modum Anglicum civitatem sui iuris significat. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 18:22, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC) :::::Pagina scilicet delenda non est. Vidi paginas in Vikipedia Hebraica et Ucrainica ad paginam Anglicam bene congruere nec nostram paginam. Natio est verbum Latinum, cuius sensu Latino uti debemus, nec sensi Anglico. Delere nolo sed mutare et fortasse movere. Eo consilio hunc sermonem coepi ut sensibus Latinis verborum uteremur. Vero nescio cur Vikipedia Anglica tot paginas habeat et quid sit discrimen inter “nation” et “state”, propter quod non possum verbum meliorum commendare. Potestne pagina Anglica nostrae paginae [[Natio]] esse [[w:en:Tribe]]? Tribus quoque verbum Latinum est sed secundum dictionarium non idem significat et verbum Anglicum tribe. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:24, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC) :::::: ''Tribus'' est quaedam divisio populi, non tota natio ([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=tribus]). Possum falli, sed secundum illam Ciceronis sententiam (“Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt …”) mihi videtur praecipua differentia inter ''civitatem'' et ''nationem'' hoc esse, quod ''civitas'' rem publicam civium significat, ''nationes'' autem alios populos tamquam gentes spectatos. Ita ''civitas'' erat Roma, ''nationes'' erant ceteri populi. P.S. {{*Cfr}} etiam “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio” (Cic.). Nam Graecis erat una natio sed plures civitates. Hoc usu vocabulum mihi videtur fere eodem sensu adhiberi ac in linguis hodiernis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 23:07, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC) :::::::Nexus interviciales perutiles sunt (ad minimum, lectores novos nobis dirigunt!) sed non nos regunt. Omnis lingua, sicut [[civitas sui iuris]], libera est. Debemus (1) verba Latina Latinitate classica definire (2) alia verba quibus significationes cognatae sunt (e.g. gens, tribus, civitas) distinguere, nexibus datis (3) significationes apud Latinistas recentiores explicare, si differunt (4) praeter alia, de re principali pellucide disserere. :::::::Cicero his verbis, ''omnes nationes servitutem fere possunt: nostra civitas non potest'' (Phil. 10.10.20) inter ''nationes'' et ''nostram civitatem'' quoquomodo distinguere videtur ... sed alibi ''omnes <u>exteras</u> nationes'' et ''eruditissimam Graecorum nationem'' indicat (Imp. Pomp. 11.31; De Or. 2.4.18) -- unde intellego, apud Ciceronem, plures ''nationes'' exstitisse tam sub imperio S.P.Q.R. quam extra limites. Ex his sententiis, si volumus, inter civitatem et nationem facile erit distinguere: sed inter ''populos'' et ''nationes'' ...? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:06, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::Nolite oblivisci ''gentes''&thinsp;! Cassell's nobis dicit (p. 742) ''international law'' locutionem Anglicam nostra lingua esse ''ius gentium,'' ac Traupman (ed. 3, p. 575) nobis dicit ''international'' ipsum verbum Anglicum esse ''inter gentes.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:12, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::Sententias vestras perlegi et commentarium inveni [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311975311_On_the_Roman_Concept_of_Natio “On the Roman Concept of Natio”] quem quoque legi, et iam intellego quanta difficilis sit haec res. In libro Arnoldi et in dictionario legi nationem esse “esp. uncivilized”, nec autores Romanos scripisisse Nationem Romanam. Putavi nationem esse tribe nec unquam civilised nation. Iam nesio a bonus sit hic nexus. Veritus sum ne homines dum Latine scribebant solis nexibus uterentur, nec deliberarent quid sit verbum optimum. De pagina nostra [[Respublica]] vos consulere quoque volo. Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary” “'''republic''' ''respublica'', ''civitas'' (= state, simply): a —, as opp. to other forms of government, ''respublica'' (or ''civitas''” ''libera'' or ''popularis''.” Respublica et civitas idem significare mihi videntur. Nonne melius est movere hanc paginam ut novem nomen sit Respublica popularis? Haec res non est solo de nexu sed quoque de ipsa pagina. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:38, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::Fortasse, sed iam est commentarius de "People's republic" in vicipaedia Anglica. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:31, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::: De differentia inter ''gentem'' et ''nationem'' conferatur etiam {{LTL|natio|335}}: “A ''gente'' aliquando ita differt, ut genus a specie: ''gens'' enim latius patet, et plures nationes complectitur, ut ''gens'' Graeca habet Atticos, Boeotos, Thebanos, qui ejusdem gentis nationes sunt.” Saepissime tamen gens et natio sunt synonyma. @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: Graeci non erant “uncivilized”, attamen erant natio vel plures nationes. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:53, 2 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::Multae paginae in Vicipaedia connexae sunt; ''United Nations'' vertitur ut [[Nationes Unitae]], multis cum fontibus (duabus encyclicis aliisque). Hoc mutare nequimus, et pagina de [[natio]]ne nec huic sensui contradicere debet; haec causa, cur paginae Anglicae '"Nation" ceterisque de hac natione moderna narrantibus alliganda sit. Sed de pagina [[Nationes mundi]], exempli gratia, iam dubito, et "civitates mundi" nationibus praeferam, [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 20:50, 4 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::Iam intellego. Huic sensu, quo utuntur encyclici, contradicere scilicet nequimus. Gratias omnibus vobis ago quia mihi hanc rem explanavistis. :::::::::::{{ping|Grufo}}, Quaesivi nec inveni ubi Cicero nationem Graecam scripserit. Testimonium encyclicorum mihi videtur bonum esse, scire tamen volo ubi orator optimus his verbis usus sit. :::::::::::Valete. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 21:14, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::: @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: {{Op|[[De oratore]]}}, {{Vf|De oratore/Liber II|18|2.4.18}}: “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:09, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::Gratias tibi ago! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:45, 7 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::De commentario qui [[Nationes mundi]] (Anglice [[w:en:List of sovereign states|List of sovereign states]]) vocatur, nonne melius nomen est “''Index civitatum sui iuris''”? :::::::::::Vide commentarios: :::::::::::* [[Civitas sui iuris]] :::::::::::* [[Index communium Badeniae et Virtembergiae]] :::::::::::* [[Index urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]] :::::::::::* [[Index fluviorum Germaniae]] :::::::::::* [[Index asteroidum]] :::::::::::* [[Index siglorum ordinum ecclesiae catholicae]] :::::::::::Hic commentarius est index. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 16:50, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::::Sic, [[Index civitatum sui iuris]] bonum nomen est, multae paginae huius generis in Vicipaedia Latina "indices" nominantur. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 19:47, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::Vobis consentio. Hanc paginam satis antiquam renominare oportet. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:39, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::::::::::::::Utrum possumus paginam renominate an oportet [[Formula:Movenda]] utere? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:21, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::::Formula ad disputandum in pagina disputationis ponitur, sed nunc hic erat disputaio, fornula non necessaria est. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 15:55, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::::::::::::::: Paginam movi. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:02, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC) == "-karyotica" vel "-caryotica"? == In pagina de [[Cellula|cellulis]] ambae formae extant. Videtur mihi melius, si unicam noscamus formam. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 03:14, 16 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :"-caryotica" melius. Vocabulum est antiquum, Graecae originis (κάρυον), nullae sunt causae, ut "k" scribatur. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 12:05, 17 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::Consentio. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:16, 17 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ::"nullae sunt causae": consentiebam imprimis sed nunc occursit mihi formae "-karyota" esse in taxonomia Linnaeana. Etenim (cuius ratione fortasse) redirigitur [[Eucaryota]] ad "Eukaryota" et [[Procaryota]] ad "Prokaryota". --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:38, 20 Iunii 2026 (UTC) :::Si alterum rectum est, alterum fontibus biloolgicis testatum, unum eligere non possumus, eligas, quod velis. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 07:10, 20 Iunii 2026 (UTC) == Pagina mensis Iulii 2026 abest == {{Excepta|Disputatio Vicipaediae:Pagina mensis|2026}} == Paginae de praenominibus: lemmata typis italicis necne? == In disputatione {{caput|Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|Carolus: Cur titulus italicus?}}, noster [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]] suadet ut lemmata qualia illa paginarum de praenominibus scribantur typis italicis. Ego nescio quid sit faciendum. Praenomina apud Vicipaediam Anglicam et alibi non scribuntur typis italicis (e.g. [[:en:Martin (name)]]), sed nobis licet aliam regulam nostram statuere. Attamen, si hanc conventionem adoptamus, oportebit eam ubique adhibere, atque multae paginae emendandae erunt. Quid dicatis? Censeatisne lemmata in paginis de praenominibus scribenda esse typis italicis? --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 16:34, 18 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :::And yet, Grufo, in the article that you cite ("[[:en:Martin (name)]]"), you'll find this heading: "The name ''Martin'' in different regions"! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:50, 18 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :::: I am not against using italics for words cited as words, I am just wondering whether ''the page's lemma'' should be italicized (i.e. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Titulus italicus}} ... {{ires|Martinus}} est praenomen ...</syntaxhighlight>). Having somewhere below the lead something like <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>Nomen ''Martinus'' ...</syntaxhighlight>, seems pretty fine to me, especially when discussing etimologies. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:01, 19 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :Non, hoc insolitum est, multos annos Vicipaedia sine hoc italico vivebat. Argumentum Jacobi est: :* Leo XIV est pontifex, sed eius nomen familiare est ''Robertus'' (vel "Robertus"), — :hic de praenomine ut nomine, non de homine vel de re agitur, hic scriptura italica vel virgulae possibiles sunt. Sed pagina de ipso praenomine hoc praenomen ut rem describendam tractat. Nullae sunt causae, ut huius generis paginarum formam mutemus. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 17:10, 18 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :::Iste locus omnino rectus non est. "''Robertus'' (vel "Robertus")" non scripsi. Quod scripsi est: ::::[[Leo XIV]] est [[Episcopus Romanus]], sed eius nomen familiare est ''Robertus.'' :::At least in English, and in the English wikipedia, words cited as words are customarily italicized (not quoted); however, as noted in effect by Grufo, many writers, including those of the English wikipedia, make an exception for capitalized nouns. Much of the time, that's perhaps unobjectionable, as it doesn't lead to misreading, but it can generate curious locutions, for example: ::::Henry Edward Manning has been translated '[[Henricus Eduardus Manning]].' :::This is curious because, for people reading these words for the first time, the lack of italics in the text effectively marks Manning as a human being, not a set of words, and human beings can't be translated, unless, of course, they're bishops, who can indeed be translated (from see to see); but Manning was never a bishop of anywhere except Westminster, so he was never translated—making ''both'' of these sentences true. but ''only'' when italics are selectively deployed: ::::''Henry Edward Manning'' was often translated. ::::Henry Edward Manning was never translated. :::Granted, this is a rare example, but it's most definitely a valid contrastive minimal pair. In any event, relying on capitalization may prove problematic in general, since many nouns capitalized in the Anglo-German world are ''not'' capitalized in many other languages, and that's "a whole nother can of worms." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:38, 18 Augusti 2026 (UTC) ::::Okay, but in the title of a Wikipedia article, the name is not taken as word, but as an object that the article treats. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 09:29, 19 Augusti 2026 (UTC) == [[:Categoria:Portae]] == [[:Categoria:Portae]] nunc includit paginas sui generis, quod vulgo ''portal'' nominatur, sed habemus aliquot paginas de portis veris, de aedificiis huius generis ([[Porta Aurea]], [[Porta nigra]], [[Porta Praenestina]], [[Porta Brandenburgensis]], [[Porta Graach]] etc.) Puto categoriae portalium aliud nomen dandum esse, e.g. "Portae Vicipaedianae", "Portae (Vicipaedia)", in [[:categoria:Portae]] autem portas veras colligendas. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 09:57, 21 Augusti 2026 (UTC) <!-- Si nomen tuum addere vis, tantummodo substitue “subst:Assenserunt” in locum verbi “Assenserunt” hic: -->{{Assenserunt|Grufo=2026-08-21 11:00:42}} : Categoriam “[[:Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Portae Vicipaedianae]]” creavi et nonnullas subcategorias ibi movi, sed nunc tantummodo telephonio geatabili recensere possum; postea ceteras subcategorias illūc movebo. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 11:25, 21 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :: {{Ok}} Factum est. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:04, 21 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :::Gratias ago maximas! [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 19:32, 21 Augusti 2026 (UTC) on874e193vd3uvj3t7hf6o19lgwxzad 0 327775 3983066 3982084 2026-08-22T01:11:13Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983066 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Polić Kamov}}, Croatice: [[s:Scriptor:Janko Polić Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] ([[1886]]–[[1910]]) fuit [[poeta]], prosator atque [[scriptor]] dramaticus [[Croatia|Croaticus]], cuius opera ad primam modernitatem atque expressionismum pertinent. Stylum audacem, abruptum, saepe provocantem coluit, quo a poetis aetatis suae se disiunxit. Rebellio et provocatio adversus consuetudines sociales litterariasque, praesertim in tractatione argumentorum et in audacia sermonis, effecerunt ut interdum “poeta rebellis” appellaretur. Locus quem Kamov in litteris Croaticis obtinet nonnullas analogias ostendit cum munere quod Arthur Rimbaud in litteris Francogallicis habet. Cognomen litterarium “Kamov” sibi assumpsit ex nomine Cham sive Ham, filii Noë Veteris Testamenti, qui patrem suum nudum et ebrium invenit nec eum operuit, sed irridit atque derisit; quo factum est ut Noë postea Cham malediceret. Notissima eius opera sunt libri poetici ''Psovka'' (Maledictio) et ''Ištipana hartija'' (Charta lacerata), romanus ''Isušena kaljuža'' (Calyx exsiccatus), necnon drama ''Tragedija mozgova'' (Tragoedia cerebrorum). Iuvenis mortuus est, sed in litteris Croaticis vestigium profundum reliquit. == Vide etiam: [[Litterae Croaticae saeculis XIX et XX]] == == Opera == * '''''Psovka''''' — liber poeticus (1907) — compositus anno 1905 Latine: [[s:la:Maledictio|Maledictio]] * '''''Ištipana hartija''''' — liber poeticus (1907) Latine: [[s:la:Charta lacerata|Charta lacerata]] * '''''Tragedija mozgova''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''Tragoedia cerebrorum'' * '''''Na rođenoj grudi''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''In nativa gleba'' == Opera posthuma == * '''''Ćaskanja''''' — commentarii (1914) Latine: ''Confabulationes'' * '''''Novele i eseji''''' — fabulae breves et commentationes (1938) Latine: ''Novellae et commentationes'' * '''''Samostanske drame''''' — dramata (1956–1958) Latine: ''Dramata claustralia'' * '''''Čovječanstvo''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Humanitas'' * '''''Mamino srce''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Cor matris'' * '''''Isušena kaljuža''''' — romanus (1957) — scripta annis 1906–1909 Latine: ''Calyx exsiccatus'' == Bibliographia == * [https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/polic-kamov-janko Polić Kamov, Janko]. ''Hrvatska enciklopedija'', editio digitalis. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013–2026. Adiit die 2 mensis Iulii 2026. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Janko Polić Kamov|Ioannem Polić Kamov}} * Vicifons: Scriptor:Janko Polić Kamov [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Scriptor:Janko_Polić_Kamov] {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1886|1910|Polić Kamov, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] p9vgl5ompsdsvpgeyl5gp1fbx7m8p49 3983072 3983066 2026-08-22T01:27:37Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983072 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Polić Kamov}}, Croatice: [[s:Scriptor:Janko Polić Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] ([[1886]]–[[1910]]) fuit [[poeta]], prosator atque [[scriptor]] dramaticus [[Croatia|Croaticus]], cuius opera ad primam modernitatem atque expressionismum pertinent. Stylum audacem, abruptum, saepe provocantem coluit, quo a poetis aetatis suae se disiunxit. Rebellio et provocatio adversus consuetudines sociales litterariasque, praesertim in tractatione argumentorum et in audacia sermonis, effecerunt ut interdum “poeta rebellis” appellaretur. Locus quem Kamov in litteris Croaticis obtinet nonnullas analogias ostendit cum munere quod Arthur Rimbaud in litteris Francogallicis habet. Cognomen litterarium “Kamov” sibi assumpsit ex nomine Cham sive Ham, filii Noë Veteris Testamenti, qui patrem suum nudum et ebrium invenit nec eum operuit, sed irridit atque derisit; quo factum est ut Noë postea Cham malediceret. Notissima eius opera sunt libri poetici ''Psovka'' (Maledictio) et ''Ištipana hartija'' (Charta lacerata), romanus ''Isušena kaljuža'' (Calyx exsiccatus), necnon drama ''Tragedija mozgova'' (Tragoedia cerebrorum). Iuvenis mortuus est, sed in litteris Croaticis vestigium profundum reliquit. == Vide etiam: [[Litterae Croaticae saeculis XIX et XX]] == == Opera == * '''''Psovka''''' — liber poeticus (1907) — compositus anno 1905 Latine: [[s:la:Maledictio|Maledictio]] * '''''Ištipana hartija''''' — liber poeticus (1907) Latine: [[s:la:Charta lacerata|Charta lacerata]] * '''''Tragedija mozgova''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''Tragoedia cerebrorum'' * '''''Na rođenoj grudi''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''In nativa gleba'' == Opera posthuma == * '''''Ćaskanja''''' — commentarii (1914) Latine: ''Confabulationes'' * '''''Novele i eseji''''' — fabulae breves et commentationes (1938) Latine: ''Novellae et commentationes'' * '''''Samostanske drame''''' — dramata (1956–1958) Latine: ''Dramata claustralia'' * '''''Čovječanstvo''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Humanitas'' * '''''Mamino srce''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Cor matris'' * '''''Isušena kaljuža''''' — romanus (1957) — scripta annis 1906–1909 Latine: ''Calyx exsiccatus'' == Bibliographia == * [https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/polic-kamov-janko Polić Kamov, Janko]. ''Hrvatska enciklopedija'', editio digitalis. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013–2026. Adiit die 2 mensis Iulii 2026. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Janko Polić Kamov|Ioannem Polić Kamov}} * Vicifons: Scriptor:Janko Polić Kamov [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Scriptor:Janko_Polić_Kamov] {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1886|1910|Polić Kamov, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] qrlxefkukfbs4a2ecrdd1xnyppvb3ex 3983074 3983072 2026-08-22T01:32:21Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983074 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Polić Kamov}}, Croatice: [[s:Scriptor:Janko Polić Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] ([[1886]]–[[1910]]) fuit [[poeta]], prosator atque [[scriptor]] dramaticus [[Croatia|Croaticus]], cuius opera ad primam modernitatem atque expressionismum pertinent. Stylum audacem, abruptum, saepe provocantem coluit, quo a poetis aetatis suae se disiunxit. Rebellio et provocatio adversus consuetudines sociales litterariasque, praesertim in tractatione argumentorum et in audacia sermonis, effecerunt ut interdum “poeta rebellis” appellaretur. Locus quem Kamov in litteris Croaticis obtinet nonnullas analogias ostendit cum munere quod Arthur Rimbaud in litteris Francogallicis habet. Cognomen litterarium “Kamov” sibi assumpsit ex nomine Cham sive Ham, filii Noë Veteris Testamenti, qui patrem suum nudum et ebrium invenit nec eum operuit, sed irridit atque derisit; quo factum est ut Noë postea Cham malediceret. Notissima eius opera sunt libri poetici ''Psovka'' (Maledictio) et ''Ištipana hartija'' (Charta lacerata), romanus ''Isušena kaljuža'' (Calyx exsiccatus), necnon drama ''Tragedija mozgova'' (Tragoedia cerebrorum). Iuvenis mortuus est, sed in litteris Croaticis vestigium profundum reliquit. == Vide etiam: [[Litterae Croaticae saeculis XIX et XX]] == == Opera == * '''''Psovka''''' — liber poeticus (1907) — compositus anno 1905 Latine: [[s:la:Maledictio|Maledictio]] * '''''Ištipana hartija''''' — liber poeticus (1907) Latine: [[s:la:Charta lacerata|Charta lacerata]] * '''''Tragedija mozgova''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''Tragoedia cerebrorum'' * '''''Na rođenoj grudi''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''In nativa gleba'' == Opera posthuma == * '''''Ćaskanja''''' — commentarii (1914) Latine: ''Confabulationes'' * '''''Novele i eseji''''' — fabulae breves et commentationes (1938) Latine: ''Novellae et commentationes'' * '''''Samostanske drame''''' — dramata (1956–1958) Latine: ''Dramata claustralia'' * '''''Čovječanstvo''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Humanitas'' * '''''Mamino srce''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Cor matris'' * '''''Isušena kaljuža''''' — romanus (1957) — scripta annis 1906–1909 Latine: ''Calyx exsiccatus'' == Bibliographia == * [https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/polic-kamov-janko Polić Kamov, Janko]. ''Hrvatska enciklopedija'', editio digitalis. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013–2026. Adiit die 2 mensis Iulii 2026. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Janko Polić Kamov|Ioannem Polić Kamov}} * Vicifons: Scriptor:Janko Polić Kamov [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Scriptor:Janko_Polić_Kamov] {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1886|1910|Polić Kamov, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Litterae Croatiae]] kstlk28gw0gqzwws0gzrbtiigig0bro 0 327796 3983067 3982127 2026-08-22T01:15:39Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983067 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurna et ephemerides.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> [[File:Vlaho Bukovac, Ilirski preporod (svecani zastor Hrvatskog narodnog kazalista u Zagrebu).jpg|thumb|center|upright=1.2|Illyricus motus – Vlaho Bukovac (1896)]] In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), [[:en:Petar_Preradović|Petar Preradović]] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), [[:en:Silvije_Strahimir_Kranjčević|Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević]] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: [[:en:Antun_Gustav_Matoš|Antun Gustav Matoš]], [[:en:Janko_Polić_Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] (Latine: [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]]), [[:en:Vladimir_Vidrić|Vladimir Vidrić]], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: [[:en:Tin_Ujević|Tin Ujević]], [[:en:Antun_Branko_Šimić|Antun Branko Šimić]], [[:en:Miroslav_Krleža|Miroslav Krleža]], [[:en:Ivan_Goran_Kovačić|Ivan Goran Kovačić]], [[:en:Ranko_Marinković|Ranko Marinković]], [[:en:Dobriša_Cesarić|Dobriša Cesarić]], [[:en:Jure_Kaštelan|Jure Kaštelan]], [[:en:Dragutin_Tadijanović|Dragutin Tadijanović]], [[:en:Vesna_Parun|Vesna Parun]], alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix [[:en:Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić|Ivana Brlić Mažuranić]] (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: [[:en:Slavko_Mihalić|Slavko Mihalić]], repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), [[:en:Ivan_Slamnig|Ivan Slamnig]], fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), [[:en:Danijel_Dragojević|Danijel Dragojević]], repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. == Nexus externi == * Vicifons: Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae] == Notae == [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] 8e8yisu32vq4wh45n0k46nmjc4ck1id 3983070 3983067 2026-08-22T01:23:54Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983070 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurna et ephemerides.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> [[File:Vlaho Bukovac, Ilirski preporod (svecani zastor Hrvatskog narodnog kazalista u Zagrebu).jpg|thumb|center|upright=1.2|Illyricus motus – Vlaho Bukovac (1896)]] In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), [[:en:Petar_Preradović|Petar Preradović]] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), [[:en:Silvije_Strahimir_Kranjčević|Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević]] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: [[:en:Antun_Gustav_Matoš|Antun Gustav Matoš]], [[:en:Janko_Polić_Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] (Latine: [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]]), [[:en:Vladimir_Vidrić|Vladimir Vidrić]], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: [[:en:Tin_Ujević|Tin Ujević]], [[:en:Antun_Branko_Šimić|Antun Branko Šimić]], [[:en:Miroslav_Krleža|Miroslav Krleža]], [[:en:Ivan_Goran_Kovačić|Ivan Goran Kovačić]], [[:en:Ranko_Marinković|Ranko Marinković]], [[:en:Dobriša_Cesarić|Dobriša Cesarić]], [[:en:Jure_Kaštelan|Jure Kaštelan]], [[:en:Dragutin_Tadijanović|Dragutin Tadijanović]], [[:en:Vesna_Parun|Vesna Parun]], alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix [[:en:Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić|Ivana Brlić Mažuranić]] (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: [[:en:Slavko_Mihalić|Slavko Mihalić]], repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), [[:en:Ivan_Slamnig|Ivan Slamnig]], fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), [[:en:Danijel_Dragojević|Danijel Dragojević]], repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. == Nexus externi == * Vicifons: Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae] == Notae == [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Europae]] i0l2ekvu6x3pzpgvj1p17ld8oro3u7f 3983084 3983070 2026-08-22T02:07:07Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983084 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurna et ephemerides.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> [[File:Vlaho Bukovac, Ilirski preporod (svecani zastor Hrvatskog narodnog kazalista u Zagrebu).jpg|thumb|center|upright=1.2|Illyricus motus – Vlaho Bukovac (1896)]] In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), [[:en:Petar_Preradović|Petar Preradović]] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), [[:en:Silvije_Strahimir_Kranjčević|Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević]] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: [[:en:Antun_Gustav_Matoš|Antun Gustav Matoš]], [[:en:Janko_Polić_Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] (Latine: [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]]), [[:en:Vladimir_Vidrić|Vladimir Vidrić]], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: [[:en:Tin_Ujević|Tin Ujević]], [[:en:Antun_Branko_Šimić|Antun Branko Šimić]], [[:en:Miroslav_Krleža|Miroslav Krleža]], [[:en:Ivan_Goran_Kovačić|Ivan Goran Kovačić]], [[:en:Ranko_Marinković|Ranko Marinković]], [[:en:Dobriša_Cesarić|Dobriša Cesarić]], [[:en:Jure_Kaštelan|Jure Kaštelan]], [[:en:Dragutin_Tadijanović|Dragutin Tadijanović]], [[:en:Vesna_Parun|Vesna Parun]], alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix [[:en:Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić|Ivana Brlić Mažuranić]] (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: [[:en:Slavko_Mihalić|Slavko Mihalić]], repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), [[:en:Ivan_Slamnig|Ivan Slamnig]], fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), [[:en:Danijel_Dragojević|Danijel Dragojević]], repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. == Nexus externi == * Vicifons: Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae] == Notae == [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Europae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Croatiae]] j0hr7b85oc4kslrftfh5481d3skda44 0 327825 3982788 3982572 2026-08-21T13:11:13Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* Adiectum imaginis */ 3982788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Gundulius}} (vulgo [[s:Scriptor:Ivan Gundulić|Ivan Gundulić]]; Ragusii natus die [[8 Ianuarii]] [[1589]] – ibidem mortuus die [[8 Decembris]] [[1638]]) seu {{res|Givo Frana Gundulichia}} [[poeta]] barocensis fuit — epicus, lyricus et comoediographus, necnon [[politicus]] [[Respublica Ragusina|Reipublicae Ragusinae]]. Opera litteraria tantum [[Croatice]] scripsit. == De nomine == Nomen ''Ivan Gundulić'' forma Croatica hodierna est. ''Givo Frana Gundulichia'' forma authentica historica autographi eius in operibus Croaticis invenitur. ''Givo'' est forma Ragusina praenominis Ioannis (Croatice hodierni: Ivan); ''Frana'' est patronymicum in casu genetivo; ''Gundulichia'' est nomen familiae in casu genetivo. ''Ioannes Gundulius'' forma officialis Latina in documentis Rei Publicae Ragusinae adhibita est. == Opera == * [[Osman]] - epopeia * [[Dubravka]] - comoedia pastoralis * [[Suze sina razmetnoga]] - poema == Adiectum imaginis == [[Fasciculus:Gundulicxivo.jpg|thumb|center|Titulus editionis Venetiensis (1703)]] * Suze sina razmetnoga Latine: [[Lacrimae filii prodigi]] Poema moralis et meditativa. == De momentum et significatione operum Ioannis Gundulii == Poetica praestantia maximorum operum Gundulii - ''Osman'' et ''Dubravka'' - tanta fuit, ut usque ad saeculum undevicesimum nemo inter poetas Croaticos eum aequare potuerit. Praecipuus est etiam linguisticus influxus quem lingua operum Gundulii in formationem normae linguae Croaticae saeculo undevicesimo habuit. Ex amplissima linguae Croaticae supellectile verba elegit ac seligit, multa etiam vocabula iam tum raro in usu posita revocans; quibus in ''Osmano'' adhibitis ostendit quanta esset divitia traditionis sermonis Croatici. Neologismis, archaisme consulto adhibitis, atque locutionibus a se excogitatis linguam litterariam auxit et ditavit, ita ut viam monstraverit philologis Croaticis saeculi undevicesimi. Opera Gundulii verum exemplar linguae praebuerunt optimis scriptoribus saeculi undevicesimi; quod maxime apparet in opere ''Ioannis Mažuranić'', qui linguam et stilum Gundulii adeo assumpsit, ut duo poenorum amissorum ''Osmani'' supplementa ipse componeret. Quod ''Ilias'' et ''Odysseia'' sunt Graecis, quod ''Aeneis'' Vergiliana Romanis, Croatis id est Gundulii ''Osman''. Quamquam Maruli ''Judita'' (anno 1500), ob antiquitatem, primus est epus Croaticus artis praestantissimae, lingua Gundulii in ''Osmano'' hodie multo propior et intellegibilior est lectori Croatico. Nonnulli versus Gundulii, ob pulchritudinem et vim poeticam, in vulgo Croatico notissimi facti sunt. Inter ea eminens est carmen populare, quod “Hymnus libertatis” appellatur, pars est comoediae pastoralis ''Dubravka'', quorum initium: ''O pulchra, o cara, o dulcis libertas…'' Hi versus quotannis recitantur in aperitione ''Ludorum Aestivorum Ragusinorum'', ubi plus septuaginta annos inter alia dramata veterum Ragusinorum in scaenam producuntur. [[File:Gundulićev san.jpg|thumb|center|upright=1.7|Vlaho Bukovac: ''Somnium Gundulii'']] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ivan Franov Gundulić|Ioannem Gundulium}} {{Vicifons|Ivan Gundulić|Ioannem Gundulium}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://archive.org/details/GundulicHisOsman Gundulić & His Osman – Elizabeth Mary Hill] * [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ivan-Gundulic Ivan Gundulić – Encyclopaedia Britannica] {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1589|1638|Gundulius, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] 9et5a86tjcjabmkrwdnut9qxpyb5ph8 3983049 3982788 2026-08-22T00:35:25Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983049 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Gundulius}} (Croatice: [[s:Scriptor:Ivan Gundulić|Ivan Gundulić]]; Ragusii natus die [[8 Ianuarii]] [[1589]] – ibidem mortuus die [[8 Decembris]] [[1638]]) seu vulgo: {{res|Givo Frana Gundulichia}} [[poeta]] barocensis fuit — epicus, lyricus et comoediographus, necnon [[politicus]] [[Respublica Ragusina|Reipublicae Ragusinae]]. Opera litteraria tantum [[Croatice]] scripsit. == De nomine == Nomen ''Ivan Gundulić'' forma Croatica hodierna est. ''Givo Frana Gundulichia'' forma authentica historica autographi eius in operibus Croaticis invenitur. ''Givo'' est forma Ragusina praenominis Ioannis (Croatice hodierni: Ivan); ''Frana'' est patronymicum in casu genetivo; ''Gundulichia'' est nomen familiae in casu genetivo. ''Ioannes Gundulius'' forma officialis Latina in documentis Rei Publicae Ragusinae adhibita est. == Opera == * [[Osman]] - epopeia * [[Dubravka]] - comoedia pastoralis * [[Suze sina razmetnoga]] - poema == Adiectum imaginis == [[Fasciculus:Gundulicxivo.jpg|thumb|center|Titulus editionis Venetiensis (1703)]] * Suze sina razmetnoga Latine: [[Lacrimae filii prodigi]] Poema moralis et meditativa. == De momentum et significatione operum Ioannis Gundulii == Poetica praestantia maximorum operum Gundulii - ''Osman'' et ''Dubravka'' - tanta fuit, ut usque ad saeculum undevicesimum nemo inter poetas Croaticos eum aequare potuerit. Praecipuus est etiam linguisticus influxus quem lingua operum Gundulii in formationem normae linguae Croaticae saeculo undevicesimo habuit. Ex amplissima linguae Croaticae supellectile verba elegit ac seligit, multa etiam vocabula iam tum raro in usu posita revocans; quibus in ''Osmano'' adhibitis ostendit quanta esset divitia traditionis sermonis Croatici. Neologismis, archaisme consulto adhibitis, atque locutionibus a se excogitatis linguam litterariam auxit et ditavit, ita ut viam monstraverit philologis Croaticis saeculi undevicesimi. Opera Gundulii verum exemplar linguae praebuerunt optimis scriptoribus saeculi undevicesimi; quod maxime apparet in opere ''Ioannis Mažuranić'', qui linguam et stilum Gundulii adeo assumpsit, ut duo poenorum amissorum ''Osmani'' supplementa ipse componeret. Quod ''Ilias'' et ''Odysseia'' sunt Graecis, quod ''Aeneis'' Vergiliana Romanis, Croatis id est Gundulii ''Osman''. Quamquam Maruli ''Judita'' (anno 1500), ob antiquitatem, primus est epus Croaticus artis praestantissimae, lingua Gundulii in ''Osmano'' hodie multo propior et intellegibilior est lectori Croatico. Nonnulli versus Gundulii, ob pulchritudinem et vim poeticam, in vulgo Croatico notissimi facti sunt. Inter ea eminens est carmen populare, quod “Hymnus libertatis” appellatur, pars est comoediae pastoralis ''Dubravka'', quorum initium: ''O pulchra, o cara, o dulcis libertas…'' Hi versus quotannis recitantur in aperitione ''Ludorum Aestivorum Ragusinorum'', ubi plus septuaginta annos inter alia dramata veterum Ragusinorum in scaenam producuntur. [[File:Gundulićev san.jpg|thumb|center|upright=1.7|Vlaho Bukovac: ''Somnium Gundulii'']] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ivan Franov Gundulić|Ioannem Gundulium}} {{Vicifons|Ivan Gundulić|Ioannem Gundulium}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://archive.org/details/GundulicHisOsman Gundulić & His Osman – Elizabeth Mary Hill] * [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ivan-Gundulic Ivan Gundulić – Encyclopaedia Britannica] {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1589|1638|Gundulius, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] rm30e31r2xu8gn9lv4qml8adickx41n 3983061 3983049 2026-08-22T01:04:18Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983061 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Gundulius}}, Croatice hodierni: [[s:Scriptor:Ivan Gundulić|Ivan Gundulić]], Autographe: {{res|Givo Frana Gundulichia}}, Ragusii natus die [[8 Ianuarii]] [[1589]] – ibidem mortuus die [[8 Decembris]] [[1638]]. [[Poeta]] barocensis fuit — epicus, lyricus et comoediographus, necnon [[politicus]] [[Respublica Ragusina|Reipublicae Ragusinae]]. Opera litteraria tantum [[Croatice]] scripsit. == De nomine == Nomen ''Ivan Gundulić'' forma Croatica hodierna est. ''Givo Frana Gundulichia'' forma authentica historica autographi eius in operibus Croaticis invenitur. ''Givo'' est forma Ragusina praenominis Ioannis (Croatice hodierni: Ivan); ''Frana'' est patronymicum in casu genetivo; ''Gundulichia'' est nomen familiae in casu genetivo. ''Ioannes Gundulius'' forma officialis Latina in documentis Rei Publicae Ragusinae adhibita est. == Opera == * [[Osman]] - epopeia * [[Dubravka]] - comoedia pastoralis * [[Suze sina razmetnoga]] - poema == Adiectum imaginis == [[Fasciculus:Gundulicxivo.jpg|thumb|center|Titulus editionis Venetiensis (1703)]] * Suze sina razmetnoga Latine: [[Lacrimae filii prodigi]] Poema moralis et meditativa. == De momentum et significatione operum Ioannis Gundulii == Poetica praestantia maximorum operum Gundulii - ''Osman'' et ''Dubravka'' - tanta fuit, ut usque ad saeculum undevicesimum nemo inter poetas Croaticos eum aequare potuerit. Praecipuus est etiam linguisticus influxus quem lingua operum Gundulii in formationem normae linguae Croaticae saeculo undevicesimo habuit. Ex amplissima linguae Croaticae supellectile verba elegit ac seligit, multa etiam vocabula iam tum raro in usu posita revocans; quibus in ''Osmano'' adhibitis ostendit quanta esset divitia traditionis sermonis Croatici. Neologismis, archaisme consulto adhibitis, atque locutionibus a se excogitatis linguam litterariam auxit et ditavit, ita ut viam monstraverit philologis Croaticis saeculi undevicesimi. Opera Gundulii verum exemplar linguae praebuerunt optimis scriptoribus saeculi undevicesimi; quod maxime apparet in opere ''Ioannis Mažuranić'', qui linguam et stilum Gundulii adeo assumpsit, ut duo poenorum amissorum ''Osmani'' supplementa ipse componeret. Quod ''Ilias'' et ''Odysseia'' sunt Graecis, quod ''Aeneis'' Vergiliana Romanis, Croatis id est Gundulii ''Osman''. Quamquam Maruli ''Judita'' (anno 1500), ob antiquitatem, primus est epus Croaticus artis praestantissimae, lingua Gundulii in ''Osmano'' hodie multo propior et intellegibilior est lectori Croatico. Nonnulli versus Gundulii, ob pulchritudinem et vim poeticam, in vulgo Croatico notissimi facti sunt. Inter ea eminens est carmen populare, quod “Hymnus libertatis” appellatur, pars est comoediae pastoralis ''Dubravka'', quorum initium: ''O pulchra, o cara, o dulcis libertas…'' Hi versus quotannis recitantur in aperitione ''Ludorum Aestivorum Ragusinorum'', ubi plus septuaginta annos inter alia dramata veterum Ragusinorum in scaenam producuntur. [[File:Gundulićev san.jpg|thumb|center|upright=1.7|Vlaho Bukovac: ''Somnium Gundulii'']] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ivan Franov Gundulić|Ioannem Gundulium}} {{Vicifons|Ivan Gundulić|Ioannem Gundulium}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://archive.org/details/GundulicHisOsman Gundulić & His Osman – Elizabeth Mary Hill] * [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ivan-Gundulic Ivan Gundulić – Encyclopaedia Britannica] {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1589|1638|Gundulius, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] iq4lgdpe7928u9j2uyntou70ntxg6aa 3983078 3983061 2026-08-22T01:38:38Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983078 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Gundulius}}, Croatice hodierni: [[s:Scriptor:Ivan Gundulić|Ivan Gundulić]], Autographe: {{res|Givo Frana Gundulichia}}, Ragusii natus die [[8 Ianuarii]] [[1589]] – ibidem mortuus die [[8 Decembris]] [[1638]]. [[Poeta]] barocensis fuit — epicus, lyricus et comoediographus, necnon [[politicus]] [[Respublica Ragusina|Reipublicae Ragusinae]]. Opera litteraria tantum [[Croatice]] scripsit. == De nomine == Nomen ''Ivan Gundulić'' forma Croatica hodierna est. ''Givo Frana Gundulichia'' forma authentica historica autographi eius in operibus Croaticis invenitur. ''Givo'' est forma Ragusina praenominis Ioannis (Croatice hodierni: Ivan); ''Frana'' est patronymicum in casu genetivo; ''Gundulichia'' est nomen familiae in casu genetivo. ''Ioannes Gundulius'' forma officialis Latina in documentis Rei Publicae Ragusinae adhibita est. == Opera == * [[Osman]] - epopeia * [[Dubravka]] - comoedia pastoralis * [[Suze sina razmetnoga]] - poema == Adiectum imaginis == [[Fasciculus:Gundulicxivo.jpg|thumb|center|Titulus editionis Venetiensis (1703)]] * Suze sina razmetnoga Latine: [[Lacrimae filii prodigi]] Poema moralis et meditativa. == De momentum et significatione operum Ioannis Gundulii == Poetica praestantia maximorum operum Gundulii - ''Osman'' et ''Dubravka'' - tanta fuit, ut usque ad saeculum undevicesimum nemo inter poetas Croaticos eum aequare potuerit. Praecipuus est etiam linguisticus influxus quem lingua operum Gundulii in formationem normae linguae Croaticae saeculo undevicesimo habuit. Ex amplissima linguae Croaticae supellectile verba elegit ac seligit, multa etiam vocabula iam tum raro in usu posita revocans; quibus in ''Osmano'' adhibitis ostendit quanta esset divitia traditionis sermonis Croatici. Neologismis, archaisme consulto adhibitis, atque locutionibus a se excogitatis linguam litterariam auxit et ditavit, ita ut viam monstraverit philologis Croaticis saeculi undevicesimi. Opera Gundulii verum exemplar linguae praebuerunt optimis scriptoribus saeculi undevicesimi; quod maxime apparet in opere ''Ioannis Mažuranić'', qui linguam et stilum Gundulii adeo assumpsit, ut duo poenorum amissorum ''Osmani'' supplementa ipse componeret. Quod ''Ilias'' et ''Odysseia'' sunt Graecis, quod ''Aeneis'' Vergiliana Romanis, Croatis id est Gundulii ''Osman''. Quamquam Maruli ''Judita'' (anno 1500), ob antiquitatem, primus est epus Croaticus artis praestantissimae, lingua Gundulii in ''Osmano'' hodie multo propior et intellegibilior est lectori Croatico. Nonnulli versus Gundulii, ob pulchritudinem et vim poeticam, in vulgo Croatico notissimi facti sunt. Inter ea eminens est carmen populare, quod “Hymnus libertatis” appellatur, pars est comoediae pastoralis ''Dubravka'', quorum initium: ''O pulchra, o cara, o dulcis libertas…'' Hi versus quotannis recitantur in aperitione ''Ludorum Aestivorum Ragusinorum'', ubi plus septuaginta annos inter alia dramata veterum Ragusinorum in scaenam producuntur. [[File:Gundulićev san.jpg|thumb|center|upright=1.7|Vlaho Bukovac: ''Somnium Gundulii'']] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ivan Franov Gundulić|Ioannem Gundulium}} {{Vicifons|Ivan Gundulić|Ioannem Gundulium}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://archive.org/details/GundulicHisOsman Gundulić & His Osman – Elizabeth Mary Hill] * [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ivan-Gundulic Ivan Gundulić – Encyclopaedia Britannica] {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1589|1638|Gundulius, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Croatiae]] hp74csb58ujfl1vyg9jbigyjixn1zuz 0 327878 3982779 2026-08-21T12:10:33Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Gödenstorf]] ad [[Godenstorpium]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3982779 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Godenstorpium]] 5ctupm40va8t45eiaf9tiff47bne5eh 14 327879 3982791 2026-08-21T13:35:01Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3982791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CommuniaCat|Gates|Portas}} [[Categoria:Elementa architecturae]] [[Categoria:Aedificia et structurae genere digestae]] 6h31y9f3n685ajj3ddbue4icus7j2ys 3982826 3982791 2026-08-21T14:10:49Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:De hoc|De hoc]]}} 3982826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CommuniaCat|Gates|Portas}} {{De hoc|aedificiis urbanis|portas Vicipaedianas|Categoria:Portae Vicipaedianae|Categoriam:Portas Vicipaedianas}} [[Categoria:Elementa architecturae]] [[Categoria:Aedificia et structurae genere digestae]] 0mv095foot63z7i0rrxre6kimiunss9 0 327880 3982793 2026-08-21T13:36:15Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Göhrde]] ad [[Gorenthin]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3982793 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Gorenthin]] 1p5rckfl3d00w8xi16kuqalhpzi9r2m 10 327881 3982810 2026-08-21T13:56:47Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem in seorsam paginam transtuli 3982810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita | Portae Vicipaedianae }} == De usu == Ad portam creandam, scribe: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Porta | titulus = <!-- titulus portae, summa in pagina inscribitur non semper (necesse) --> | imagoselecta = <!-- nomen imaginis, **sine** "Imago:" (non necesse) --> | descriptioimaginisselectae = <!-- descriptio imaginis (non necesse nisi est imago) --> | titleforeground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlebackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlestyling = <!-- style (non necesse) --> | boxbackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | bordercolor = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | scintuleft = yes <!-- move capsam "scin tu" in columnam sinistram (non necesse) --> | collaboratioleft = yes <!-- move capsam "collaboratio" in columnam sinistram / (non necesse) --> | nexusexterniright = yes <!-- move capsam "nexus externi" in columnam dexteram / (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa1 = Politia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa2 = Historia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa3 = Geographia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa4 = Cultura Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> }}</syntaxhighlight> Vide etiam {{Rel|Formula:Porta/exemplum 1}} et {{Rel|Formula:Porta/exemplum 2}}. == Ulteriora si cupis == * {{Fn|Formula:Portae}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae cunctas paginas afficiunt|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> qb248pk9sasu6l4vo418n7l3ks23z1m 3982812 3982810 2026-08-21T13:57:09Z Grufo 64423 3982812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita | Portae Vicipaedianae }} == De usu == Ad portam creandam, scribe: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Porta | titulus = <!-- titulus portae, summa in pagina inscribitur non semper (necesse) --> | imagoselecta = <!-- nomen imaginis, **sine** "Imago:" (non necesse) --> | descriptioimaginisselectae = <!-- descriptio imaginis (non necesse nisi est imago) --> | titleforeground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlebackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlestyling = <!-- style (non necesse) --> | boxbackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | bordercolor = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | scintuleft = yes <!-- move capsam "scin tu" in columnam sinistram (non necesse) --> | collaboratioleft = yes <!-- move capsam "collaboratio" in columnam sinistram / (non necesse) --> | nexusexterniright = yes <!-- move capsam "nexus externi" in columnam dexteram / (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa1 = Politia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa2 = Historia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa3 = Geographia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa4 = Cultura Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> }}</syntaxhighlight> Vide etiam {{Rel|Formula:Porta/exemplum 1}} et {{Rel|Formula:Porta/exemplum 2}}. == Ulteriora si cupis == * {{Fn|Portae}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae cunctas paginas afficiunt|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 1brmn9ixonuno9bwt6m1l5x4ytszfja 3982830 3982812 2026-08-21T14:13:00Z Grufo 64423 3982830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita | Portae Vicipaedianae }} == De usu == Ad portam creandam, scribe: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Porta | titulus = <!-- titulus portae, summa in pagina inscribitur non semper (necesse) --> | imagoselecta = <!-- nomen imaginis, **sine** "Imago:" (non necesse) --> | descriptioimaginisselectae = <!-- descriptio imaginis (non necesse nisi est imago) --> | titleforeground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlebackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlestyling = <!-- style (non necesse) --> | boxbackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | bordercolor = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | scintuleft = yes <!-- move capsam "scin tu" in columnam sinistram (non necesse) --> | collaboratioleft = yes <!-- move capsam "collaboratio" in columnam sinistram / (non necesse) --> | nexusexterniright = yes <!-- move capsam "nexus externi" in columnam dexteram / (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa1 = Politia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa2 = Historia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa3 = Geographia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa4 = Cultura Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> }}</syntaxhighlight> Vide etiam {{Rel|Formula:Porta/exemplum 1}} et {{Rel|Formula:Porta/exemplum 2}}. == Ulteriora si cupis == * {{Fn|Portae Vicipaedianae}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae cunctas paginas afficiunt|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> ii9b05d3662e01fy0gvicm2bsizasco 3982911 3982830 2026-08-21T17:57:25Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta/doc]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc]] sine redirectione: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 3982830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita | Portae Vicipaedianae }} == De usu == Ad portam creandam, scribe: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Porta | titulus = <!-- titulus portae, summa in pagina inscribitur non semper (necesse) --> | imagoselecta = <!-- nomen imaginis, **sine** "Imago:" (non necesse) --> | descriptioimaginisselectae = <!-- descriptio imaginis (non necesse nisi est imago) --> | titleforeground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlebackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlestyling = <!-- style (non necesse) --> | boxbackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | bordercolor = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | scintuleft = yes <!-- move capsam "scin tu" in columnam sinistram (non necesse) --> | collaboratioleft = yes <!-- move capsam "collaboratio" in columnam sinistram / (non necesse) --> | nexusexterniright = yes <!-- move capsam "nexus externi" in columnam dexteram / (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa1 = Politia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa2 = Historia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa3 = Geographia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa4 = Cultura Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> }}</syntaxhighlight> Vide etiam {{Rel|Formula:Porta/exemplum 1}} et {{Rel|Formula:Porta/exemplum 2}}. == Ulteriora si cupis == * {{Fn|Portae Vicipaedianae}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae cunctas paginas afficiunt|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> ii9b05d3662e01fy0gvicm2bsizasco 3982930 3982911 2026-08-21T18:02:15Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem redintegravi 3982930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita | Portae Vicipaedianae }} == De usu == Ad portam creandam, scribe: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = <!-- titulus portae, summa in pagina inscribitur non semper (necesse) --> | imagoselecta = <!-- nomen imaginis, **sine** "Imago:" (non necesse) --> | descriptioimaginisselectae = <!-- descriptio imaginis (non necesse nisi est imago) --> | titleforeground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlebackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlestyling = <!-- style (non necesse) --> | boxbackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | bordercolor = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | scintuleft = yes <!-- move capsam "scin tu" in columnam sinistram (non necesse) --> | collaboratioleft = yes <!-- move capsam "collaboratio" in columnam sinistram / (non necesse) --> | nexusexterniright = yes <!-- move capsam "nexus externi" in columnam dexteram / (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa1 = Politia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa2 = Historia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa3 = Geographia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa4 = Cultura Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> }}</syntaxhighlight> Vide etiam {{Rel|Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 1}} et {{Rel|Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2}}. == Ulteriora si cupis == * {{Fn|Portae Vicipaedianae}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae cunctas paginas afficiunt|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> sgvz7vzi9m0u8jv2pyojqvpyixccyfx 3982991 3982930 2026-08-21T21:01:52Z Grufo 64423 /* Ulteriora si cupis */ 3982991 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita | Portae Vicipaedianae }} == De usu == Ad portam creandam, scribe: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Porta Vicipaediana | titulus = <!-- titulus portae, summa in pagina inscribitur non semper (necesse) --> | imagoselecta = <!-- nomen imaginis, **sine** "Imago:" (non necesse) --> | descriptioimaginisselectae = <!-- descriptio imaginis (non necesse nisi est imago) --> | titleforeground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlebackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | titlestyling = <!-- style (non necesse) --> | boxbackground = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | bordercolor = <!-- color (non necesse) --> | scintuleft = yes <!-- move capsam "scin tu" in columnam sinistram (non necesse) --> | collaboratioleft = yes <!-- move capsam "collaboratio" in columnam sinistram / (non necesse) --> | nexusexterniright = yes <!-- move capsam "nexus externi" in columnam dexteram / (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa1 = Politia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa2 = Historia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa3 = Geographia Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> | tituluscapsa4 = Cultura Hispaniae <!-- (non necesse) --> }}</syntaxhighlight> Vide etiam {{Rel|Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 1}} et {{Rel|Formula:Porta Vicipaediana/doc/exemplum 2}}. == Ulteriora si cupis == * {{Fn|Capsa portae Vicipaedianae}} * {{Fn|Portae Vicipaedianae}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae cunctas paginas afficiunt|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 7wdyqz6dt5auhgbtiv3gm73d3ybuc71 10 327882 3982829 2026-08-21T14:12:26Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Portae]] ad [[Formula:Portae Vicipaedianae]]: Nomen opportunius 3982829 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Formula:Portae Vicipaedianae]] j26od82mwzs551tynszm6vq0oyeeauc 0 327883 3982842 2026-08-21T14:39:04Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 Paginam instituit, scribens ''''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671)' 3982842 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) b2x2gbn6qdp6mau76bfjucycly5kqy4 3982843 3982842 2026-08-21T14:43:02Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982843 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) , politicus, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. i6xhr4c6gv549qq0tj7pnjkuh7dbylm 3982847 3982843 2026-08-21T14:49:44Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982847 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. nxx9lj5tdmn0wwezm2iamzhscetykfh 3982863 3982847 2026-08-21T15:23:03Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982863 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est Vinodolensis codex anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški, Latine comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie Gorski kotar vocatur (hodie pars provinciae Primorsko-goranska Croatiae). 7li5i61xllzkm9fa4g4m8fju5nnkpfo 3982865 3982863 2026-08-21T15:24:37Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De familia Frangipanorum */ 3982865 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est Codex Vinodolensis anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški, Latine comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie Gorski kotar vocatur (hodie pars provinciae Primorsko-goranska Croatiae). ce2tsairzba5ta4dz4vgpmxk7ol4r79 3982866 3982865 2026-08-21T15:28:18Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982866 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). imt6bz97sqxtr02jfj8eoko68g3ltie 3982871 3982866 2026-08-21T15:37:50Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De familia Frangipanorum */ 3982871 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 usque ad annum 1432 banus fuit. A papa Martino V nomen de Frangepan ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. tigccf7r7izmd85zcxx4msed8ojs2zv 3982905 3982871 2026-08-21T17:48:24Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De familia Frangipanorum */ 3982905 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. htya9ojs6060ctg8qybn2bwk0y5y86m 3982906 3982905 2026-08-21T17:50:21Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982906 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici, (Croatice: Sabor) eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. tgreq3krluvktrmsgivax43zo2hckdj 3982907 3982906 2026-08-21T17:54:16Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982907 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. 9f80hyqivji745csaduxutxv5060uwq 3982927 3982907 2026-08-21T17:58:18Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De familia Frangipanorum */ 3982927 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. g4ula374ta9e7kvxbepoq8gwug43l2u 3982932 3982927 2026-08-21T18:05:28Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De familia Frangipanorum */ 3982932 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''' (vulgo: Fran Krsto Frankopan) seu: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki (1641? - 1671) Magnatus nobilis (comes) et politicus regni Croatiae, dux militaris atque poeta barocensis Croaticus fuit. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. f0zkgxhwa4uqz6jwg5bvc7j9ucdpmpo 3982935 3982932 2026-08-21T18:15:26Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:Capsa hominis Vicidatorum|Capsa hominis Vicidatorum]]}}; +{{[[Formula:Vicificanda|Vicificanda]]}}; etc. 3982935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}}, vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit [[magnas]] nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == {{Pars augenda}} == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} swvrs876h9frzu329tik1dz8cqsj5qh 3982936 3982935 2026-08-21T18:17:17Z Grufo 64423 3982936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}}, vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnates||en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == {{Pars augenda}} == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} srujbyk96k4wfbczlyhl5tnzzai3jdc 3982937 3982936 2026-08-21T18:19:05Z Grufo 64423 +{{FD ref}} 3982937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},{{FD ref}} vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnates||en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == {{Pars augenda}} == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} r70be2fw1yb0e9r8elcdqaux8gds3kl 3982938 3982937 2026-08-21T18:22:38Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De familia Frangipanorum */ 3982938 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},{{FD ref}} vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnates||en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == {{Pars augenda}} == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} 2xacm3s88g9lszfkmqe3qjdsh9q2l25 3982939 3982938 2026-08-21T18:25:14Z Grufo 64423 Mendam correxi 3982939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},{{FD ref}} vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == {{Pars augenda}} == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} n2z2euwb05at4k49trzy4wgxqww1xth 3982941 3982939 2026-08-21T18:54:17Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De nomine */ 3982941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},{{FD ref}} vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur Fran Krsto Frankopan, rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus, quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} b2qkjndkamjxaubhldoa80m325gdsgh 3982947 3982941 2026-08-21T18:57:02Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De nomine */ 3982947 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},{{FD ref}} vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur Fran Krsto Frankopan, rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki''', quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus, quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} 52p8al9f4bf30w4766ve6hb0ktbpgne 3982955 3982947 2026-08-21T19:32:11Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De nomine */ 3982955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},{{FD ref}} vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus'''<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref>, quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} kgokodblwgipqu4kq652f4y751mnkel 3982961 3982955 2026-08-21T19:52:48Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982961 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus'''<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref>, quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} avwnuddinsh9oa12bvgm565qx20ir6o 3982962 3982961 2026-08-21T19:54:05Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De nomine */ 3982962 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} fhtpnshzc35f0vc25e6toxw80dlfhqw 3982981 3982962 2026-08-21T20:14:31Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982981 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647; nonnulli investigatores annum 1643 probabilem putaverunt. Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius Elegia Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} kj46akm2g2klj2xrx3nahhhm2j81c6f 3982984 3982981 2026-08-21T20:33:32Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* Vita */ 3982984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647; nonnulli investigatores annum 1643 probabilem putaverunt. Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. == Notae == <references /> {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} 8egjjlufvfcjh4uqktt59olwvwzviip 3982985 3982984 2026-08-21T20:34:38Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* Notae */ 3982985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647; nonnulli investigatores annum 1643 probabilem putaverunt. Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} n0idrq7dcuhv1mp8m7zhojubd09djqs 3982987 3982985 2026-08-21T20:44:29Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* Vita */ 3982987 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647; nonnulli investigatores annum 1643 probabilem putaverunt. Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} cip8bzzu1o82nk77ljhjhyu0gbbyin9 3982988 3982987 2026-08-21T20:48:12Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* Vita */ 3982988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647; nonnulli investigatores annum 1643 probabilem putaverunt. Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} qrqt02afgdbjztryfmtctjk10hktgll 3982993 3982988 2026-08-21T21:19:05Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De quaestione anni natalis */ 3982993 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647; nonnulli investigatores annum 1643<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> probabilem putaverunt. Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} kzkszk04nhou8k9h7iqpkt666ruhbji 3982995 3982993 2026-08-21T21:23:22Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De quaestione anni natalis */ 3982995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>; nonnulli investigatores annum 1643<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> probabilem putaverunt. Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} 1a45gvv2sbnmitakz78k4kzddr3dwzo 3982999 3982995 2026-08-21T21:31:46Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De quaestione anni natalis */ 3982999 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>; nonnulli investigatores annum 1643<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> probabilem putaverunt. Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare fieri non potest quin saltem anno 1638 aut 1639 natus sit. Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} b1u71b48vzfjpvktd15imo31485mdfk 3983007 3982999 2026-08-21T21:45:02Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De quaestione anni natalis */ 3983007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>; nonnulli investigatores annum 1643<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> probabilem putaverunt. Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare fieri non potest quin saltem anno 1638 aut 1639 natus sit.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} g7fzb6vadfc7s07cfwwdvxt7krelgta 3983008 3983007 2026-08-21T21:47:43Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De quaestione anni natalis */ 3983008 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt. Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare fieri non potest quin saltem anno 1638 aut 1639 natus sit.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} 3qhxha3ltag6zypq4zddnu1p1723abq 3983009 3983008 2026-08-21T21:50:00Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De quaestione anni natalis */ 3983009 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare fieri non potest quin saltem anno 1638 aut 1639 natus sit.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} k75da6cjefaqas4g2d4dqpylmuamsr2 3983013 3983009 2026-08-21T21:59:01Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* Vita */ 3983013 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1641]]?–[[1671]]) fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|magnas (titulus)|magnas|en|qid=Q903810}} nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} 15eozkihsrhxvccd36bv0xx361dpy44 3983016 3983013 2026-08-21T22:06:03Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983016 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]) fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem — ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt — anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} 52c9jasa612eyfa0wzupo6h4a3rm9tb 3983020 3983016 2026-08-21T22:14:10Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De quaestione anni natalis */ 3983020 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]) fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} dmkcochxoxkp2ltxli8cghklm4dhbql 3983021 3983020 2026-08-21T22:17:11Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria */ 3983021 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]) fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] 36a98siydujpcuy2nuopge8v5atgb39 3983024 3983021 2026-08-21T22:22:38Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[s:la:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus]],<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]) fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] 2s6m28rxlwp9vocari4a4s0dxmmwabm 3983031 3983024 2026-08-21T22:47:52Z Grufo 64423 Lemma 3983031 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] kg9nbmb7xepbl8p8znxs0awcyvqrzzp 3983032 3983031 2026-08-21T22:57:07Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983032 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] rnc876adp5a03v4xnjckanzp8re7bf5 3983034 3983032 2026-08-21T23:06:47Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983034 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Latini recentiores]] to8dtf51ubp9fs7iuly4ooo01cawjsy 3983036 3983034 2026-08-21T23:16:02Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983036 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] sm13cd6ab2r4ss4rnvj7mr1lk8idhgk 3983038 3983036 2026-08-21T23:17:23Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* Nexus externi */ 3983038 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} seu {{barbarice|lingua=hu|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie vulgo nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius Franjo Kristofor Frankopan, notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] fe04t2azyd2fp39s71guxg81txqwb9k 3983056 3983038 2026-08-22T00:51:23Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983056 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> Croatice hodierni: Fran Krsto Frankopan ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie Croatice nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius '''Franjo Kristofor Frankopan''', notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] pbbadc69fz1ve86fj9tpcurgu3xikxy 3983057 3983056 2026-08-22T00:55:30Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983057 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> Croatice hodierni: Fran Krsto Frankopan Autographe: Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie Croatice nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius '''Franjo Kristofor Frankopan''', notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] 56xrau1olmr973kcswd4k51ewy8lr8y 3983058 3983057 2026-08-22T00:57:27Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983058 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> Croatice hodierni: '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''' Autographe: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki''' ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie Croatice nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius '''Franjo Kristofor Frankopan''', notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] jgey4nqxs2tef6hmtww9ijh0ojgvssy 3983059 3983058 2026-08-22T00:57:49Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983059 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> Croatice hodierni: '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', Autographe: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki''' ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie Croatice nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius '''Franjo Kristofor Frankopan''', notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] 1vghgjm4gawgjxd1btpgl8hgokxqz7d 3983060 3983059 2026-08-22T00:59:24Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983060 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> Croatice hodierni: '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', Autographe: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki''' ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie Croatice nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius '''Franjo Kristofor Frankopan''', notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] a2ox6dtrzw1a1jpg04igg80gr5fo7oh 3983063 3983060 2026-08-22T01:07:45Z Grufo 64423 Prooemium 3983063 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hr|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} ([[Lingua Croatica|Croatico]] hodierno) seu, formā autographā, {{barbarice|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque poëta barocensis Croaticus. Latine, Croatice et Italice scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie Croatice nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius '''Franjo Kristofor Frankopan''', notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] jyg7h9vuppcgo15pl9jwi3yr953inrh 3983065 3983063 2026-08-22T01:10:26Z Grufo 64423 3983065 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hr|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} ([[Lingua Croatica|Croatico]] hodierno) seu, formā autographā, {{barbarice|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque [[poëta]] [[barocus]] Croaticus. [[Lingua Latina|Latine]], Croatice et [[Lingua Italica|Italice]] scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie Croatice nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius '''Franjo Kristofor Frankopan''', notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] 4swcq1oi5uxoomj4m5o6dnd93def9um 3983079 3983065 2026-08-22T01:44:05Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983079 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus}},<ref>Forma nominis Latini in textu praefationis operis {{Op|{{vf|Elegia}}}} a Francisco Christophoro Frangipani conscripti, Maceratae anno 1656 editi, testatur; textus praefationis in: *Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela*, Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 62, ed. Iosepho Vončina, iterum publicatus est.</ref> vulgo {{barbarice|lingua=hr|Fran Krsto Frankopan}} ([[Lingua Croatica|Croatico]] hodierno) seu, formā autographā, {{barbarice|Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki}} ([[1640]]?–[[1671]]), fuit nobilis ([[comes]]) et politicus regni [[Croatia]]e, dux militaris atque [[poëta]] [[barocus]] Croaticus. [[Lingua Latina|Latine]], Croatice et [[Lingua Italica|Italice]] scripsit. == De nomine == Quamquam hodie Croatice nominatur '''Fran Krsto Frankopan''', rarius '''Franjo Kristofor Frankopan''', notandum est utrumque nomen a recentioribus investigatoribus Croaticis ab altera parte saeculi XIX inductum esse. Forma autem historice authentica nominis eius in autographo reperitur, ubi ipse se sic subscripsit: '''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'''<ref>Poesi auctoris autographum in: ''Fran Krsto Frankopan, Djela'', Matica Croatica, Zagrabiae, 1999, p. 12 (imagines adiectae), ed. Iosepho Vončina.</ref>, quod Croatice sic legitur: Ferenac Frangopan Grof Teržački (Teržački a castro Teržac, vetere possessione Frangepanorum, cuius ruinae hodie in parte Bosniae et Hercegovinae prope Cazin et Bihacium iacent). In documentis Latinis occurrit forma: '''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus''', quae in Croaticum sermonem recentiorem recte redditur: Franjo Kristofor knez od Frangipana. Itaque, si documenta saeculi XVII sequimur, forma nominis familiae historice genuina fuisse videtur: ''Frangopan'' (Croatice) vel ''Frangipani'' (Latine et Italice). == De familia Frangipanorum == Primi fontes ad familiam Frangepanorum iam saeculo XII pertinent. Clarissimus autem fons historicus de statu huius familiae est '''Codex Vinodolensis''' anno 1288 glagolitico alphabeto et lingua Croatica conscriptus. Ibi familia appellatur "knezovi krčki, vinodolski et modruški", Latine: comites Vegliae, Vinodoli et Modrusiensis, quod aperte demonstrat quibus regionibus praeerant: insula Veglia (Croatice: Krk), regio Vinodoli inter Flumen et Segniam, atque regio Modrusiensis, in parte meridionali territorii quod hodie "Gorski kotar" vocatur (hodie pars provinciae ''Primorsko-goranska'' Croatiae). Apex potentiae huius familiae in prima parte saeculi XV evenit, cum Nicolaus IV († 1432) amplissima patrimonia hereditate accepisset atque unus ex ditissimis magnatibus regni Croatiae factus esset. Ab anno 1426 ad 1432 dignitatem bani<ref>Banus — supremus dux et praefectus militaris ac civilis Croatiae, post regem primus. In media aetate a rege nominabatur; postea autem, crescente auctoritate parlamenti Croatici (Croatice: Sabor), eum proponere solebat, rex vero confirmare. Vetustissimus usus vocabuli ''banus'' medio saeculo X testatur, in opere imperatoris Constantini Porphyrogeniti ''De administrando imperio''.</ref> gessit. A papa Martino V nomen "de Frangepan" ei usurpare concessum est, simulque arma Frangepanorum Romanorum tributa sunt: scutum in quo duo leones panem frangunt et partiuntur. Ita nomen gentilicum ''de Frangepan'' ab hac familia iam a prima parte saeculi XV adhiberi coepit. Medio saeculo XV octo lineae Frangepanorum Croaticorum exstiterunt; ad finem autem eiusdem saeculi tres ex iis exstinctae sunt, quinque relictae. Usque ad annum 1577 ex his quinque quattuor quoque interierunt, una sola superstes: comites Tersazki (Croatice: Tržački). Huic ultimae lineae adnumerandus est noster poeta, Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus. == Vita == === De quaestione anni natalis === Annus quo natus sit Franciscus Christophorus Frangipani certo non cognoscitur. Diversi auctores varias opiniones protulerunt: Vodnik annum 1641 proponit<ref>Vodnik (1913), p. 285, nota 1.</ref>, Laszowski annos 1646 vel 1647<ref>Laszowski (anno 1939), pagina 89, nota 59.</ref>. Ježić, errorem Lukjanenko in legenda data cuiusdam documenti secutus, annum 1643 pro anno natalis Francisci Christophori proposuit; quem annum deinde multi auctores sine ulla critica iudicatione receperunt atque retulerunt.<ref>Ježić, argumenta Lukjanenko secutus, erravit: Lukjanenko enim annum testamenti Nicolai Frankopani Tergestini (patrui poetae) perperam legit ut 1643, cum re vera testamentum anno 1634 confectum sit - id est ante natalem poetae - unde fit ut Franciscus Christophorus in eo non commemoretur.</ref> Iosephus Vončina statuit Franciscum Christophorum inter diem 29 Maii 1656 et diem 27 Iulii 1658 maiorennitatem adipisci potuisse; quare anni natalis termini quam primum fieri potuit sunt 1638 et 1639.<ref>Dragutin Feletar, Hrvoje Petrić, Nevio Šetić, ''Zrinski & Frankopani: 100 godina od povratka u domovinu'', Zagreb 2009.</ref> Certum tamen est Franciscum Christophorum anno 1654 in matriculas ''Universitatis Iesuiticae Graecensis''* (*non ad Graeciam, sed ad urbem “Graz” in Styria, in Austria, cui vetus Slavica appellatio “Gradac” fuit) inter principistae adscriptum esse. Principistae saeculo XVII discipuli erant secundi gradus institutionis, qui philosophiam et logicam primum discere incipiebant, postquam quinquennale studium primi gradus perfecerant. Pueri plerumque circiter XIV annos nati in principistas referebantur, unde concludi potest Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Praeterea vere anni 1656 in Italiam iter fecit, eodemque anno Maceratae edita est eius [[s:Elegia|Elegia]] Latino sermone elegiaco disticho composita, quae ostendit iuvenem Frangipani linguam Latinam optime calluisse. Gradus eruditionis humanisticae et peritia Latina in hoc opere manifesta suadent Franciscum Christophorum tempore editionis (1656) saltem sedecim annos natum fuisse, fortasse etiam plures; quod nos ad annum 1640 tamquam annum natalem propius ducit. Anno autem 1658, dum in Italia moraretur, matrimonium iniit cum Iulia di Naro, quod quoque argumentum est eum circa annum 1640 natum esse. Sunt igitur duo saltem argumenta gravissima, ex fontibus historicis deprompta, quae demonstrant Franciscum Christophorum circa annum 1640 natum esse, non autem - ut quidam pertinaciter scribunt - anno 1643. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes historici et Bibliographia secundaria == {{Pagina categoriis carens}} == Nexus externi == * [[s:la:Scriptor:Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus|Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus (Vicifons)]] {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Croatia]] [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae]] [[Categoria:Familiae nobiles]] [[Categoria:Politici Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Croatiae]] sbvtjg9xuaj1ybyv3qlpgywxro0a0hl 0 327884 3982844 2026-08-21T14:47:13Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 au 3982844 wikitext text/x-wiki Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC, ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' secum in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae victricis et Fortunae felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIUS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huis gentis fuisse creditur. [[Categoria:Gens Novia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] qao1r6copkzmpayw1kqti2ec9zn869j 3982845 3982844 2026-08-21T14:48:45Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982845 wikitext text/x-wiki Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC, ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur. [[Categoria:Gens Novia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 0vhy9g0cqa9p7ih7d3s4uq6jrzqpwsn 3982846 3982845 2026-08-21T14:49:35Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982846 wikitext text/x-wiki Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC, ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] q8py035gvqgqc4qcqmx50caazhmbwui 3982848 3982846 2026-08-21T14:51:28Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3982848 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC, ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 0qkckxw5uakmw0gfg2cbagdfh62vupk 3982850 3982848 2026-08-21T14:54:34Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3982850 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC, ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur. == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] nrf4cjyxa8sabh3h4v5h15llnf2bn3p 3982851 3982850 2026-08-21T14:56:57Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Nexus externi */ 3982851 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC, ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 1g2r46amv00qrfqn5319oqzkyrtgic1 3982854 3982851 2026-08-21T15:04:24Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982854 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC, ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 4u9jhomvj52hisxjgjfm20bf0wytwwe 3982855 3982854 2026-08-21T15:06:05Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982855 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC, ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref>[[CIL]] X, 6680</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] s1pcqqqsfglszzlc2a05ak37kpjsvkd 3982856 3982855 2026-08-21T15:08:04Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982856 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref>[[CIL]] X, 6680</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] py35hwox90vrdg2scyc6g9r27rmf3xo 3982858 3982856 2026-08-21T15:14:44Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982858 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref>[[CIL]] X, 6680 {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 6erokqtxtkfx9orync4cv1u8m9z6w5m 3982859 3982858 2026-08-21T15:15:59Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982859 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filum et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] qny2v7aihfveao335pxed93m9ce81u8 3982860 3982859 2026-08-21T15:20:01Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982860 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref><ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f334.item 410].</ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filum et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] kklid93v5oojzy3wftpnwivr3j3nsr4 3982861 3982860 2026-08-21T15:22:27Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982861 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref><ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f410.item 410].</ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filum et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] f7tusr3mjxchzjjuqdy8y35573mk5kj 3982862 3982861 2026-08-21T15:22:56Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982862 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref><ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410].</ref>[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filum et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] e2na7mqhqo70472sg67u26qq8f57sw5 3982864 3982862 2026-08-21T15:23:49Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3982864 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filum et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] kyskkx1pzrd3ild2perynqts0m1b7m1 3982868 3982864 2026-08-21T15:32:32Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982868 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filum et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] t8ajeogk826f1zyut98b8drqmknndq0 3982870 3982868 2026-08-21T15:37:01Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982870 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio anno 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius anno [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filum et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 0986iaxmgrraujsqx840nr5swcvki4k 3982873 3982870 2026-08-21T15:40:29Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3982873 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filum et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] k6tqjcdf7pag5sb05esf1crprhyz9bb 3982874 3982873 2026-08-21T15:41:22Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982874 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] e7wwswcgbxrahm1zusctamcnx3dqov7 3982876 3982874 2026-08-21T15:43:19Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982876 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] npz9d7oawz0xfos04gl8kzb8l5gden1 3982877 3982876 2026-08-21T15:44:54Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982877 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 9awekzz2pvfxndnuoj7kh1horbq4ane 3982879 3982877 2026-08-21T15:46:14Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982879 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] ma6ymsgzmwlrzvdys3nbs8ejpkfz60u 3982884 3982879 2026-08-21T15:48:42Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982884 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 1jscxoe9wolp7ulpu96nr6grrmu6q1s 3982885 3982884 2026-08-21T15:51:11Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982885 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. * Circa 173 Titus Rustius Caepio consulatum suffectum gessit<ref><ref>{{CIL|6|2222}}</ref></ref> ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] pxdlfg31k9f9jf0dmf8h8vuhmjw3q1b 3982886 3982885 2026-08-21T15:51:28Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982886 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. * Circa 173 Titus Rustius Caepio consulatum suffectum gessit<ref>{{CIL|6|2222}}</ref> ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] hkvtbde5ieot6p652egtt5qk4jixor0 3982889 3982886 2026-08-21T15:59:38Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982889 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. *Rustius Caepio quidam testamento heredi imposuerat ut quotannis certam summam novis senatoribus solveret, quod legatum [[Domitianus|Domitianus imperator]] rescindit<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''Domitianus'' 9.</ref>. Ille Rustius satis dives fuisse videtur. * Circa 173 Titus Rustius Caepio consulatum suffectum gessit<ref>{{CIL|6|2222}}</ref> ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 95jgy3819ykl0ot4xpbbizxol5rrqsr 3982890 3982889 2026-08-21T16:04:23Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Nexus externi */ 3982890 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. *Rustius Caepio quidam testamento heredi imposuerat ut quotannis certam summam novis senatoribus solveret, quod legatum [[Domitianus|Domitianus imperator]] rescindit<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''Domitianus'' 9.</ref>. Ille Rustius satis dives fuisse videtur. * Circa 173 Titus Rustius Caepio consulatum suffectum gessit<ref>{{CIL|6|2222}}</ref> ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. * [https://elexikon.ch/RE/IA,1_1245?Big Rustii] apud [[Paulys Real-Enzyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft]] [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 4w2xj3ji5btdztowxxpf6hz5byvad9b 3982892 3982890 2026-08-21T16:11:10Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982892 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. In aureo videmus ex una parte capita earundem Fortunarum exadversus positorum cum litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTUNAE et ex altera dea Victoria volans et clipeum S.C. inscriptum tenens erectum super basim cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO SC. * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. *Rustius Caepio quidam testamento heredi imposuerat ut quotannis certam summam novis senatoribus solveret, quod legatum [[Domitianus|Domitianus imperator]] rescindit<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''Domitianus'' 9.</ref>. Ille Rustius satis dives fuisse videtur. * Circa 173 Titus Rustius Caepio consulatum suffectum gessit<ref>{{CIL|6|2222}}</ref> ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. * [https://elexikon.ch/RE/IA,1_1245?Big Rustii] apud [[Paulys Real-Enzyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft]] [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 1nbypudufgr51g4uykf3363jmmlbxho 3982893 3982892 2026-08-21T16:12:38Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982893 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. In aureo videmus ex una parte capita earundem Fortunarum exadversus positorum cum litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTUNAE et ex altera dea Victoria volans et clipeum S.C. inscriptum tenens erectum super basim cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO SC.<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247801 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref> * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. *Rustius Caepio quidam testamento heredi imposuerat ut quotannis certam summam novis senatoribus solveret, quod legatum [[Domitianus|Domitianus imperator]] rescindit<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''Domitianus'' 9.</ref>. Ille Rustius satis dives fuisse videtur. * Circa 173 Titus Rustius Caepio consulatum suffectum gessit<ref>{{CIL|6|2222}}</ref> ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. * [https://elexikon.ch/RE/IA,1_1245?Big Rustii] apud [[Paulys Real-Enzyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft]] [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] r8rirh0vkw88uogmntolghzbqan736w 3982896 3982893 2026-08-21T16:20:54Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3982896 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] et nonnullis insuper inscriptionibus reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. In aureo videmus ex una parte capita earundem Fortunarum exadversus positorum cum litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTUNAE et ex altera dea Victoria volans et clipeum S.C. inscriptum tenens erectum super basim cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO SC.<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247801 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref> * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. *Rustius Caepio quidam testamento heredi imposuerat ut quotannis certam summam novis senatoribus solveret, quod legatum [[Domitianus|Domitianus imperator]] rescindit<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''Domitianus'' 9.</ref>. Ille Rustius satis dives fuisse videtur. * Circa 173 Titus Rustius Caepio consulatum suffectum gessit<ref>{{CIL|6|2222}}</ref> ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. * [https://elexikon.ch/RE/IA,1_1245?Big Rustii] apud [[Paulys Real-Enzyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft]] [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] l75lvbca5n78scmgfxq5slipn7ukx7e 3982897 3982896 2026-08-21T16:29:27Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Notae */ 3982897 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] et nonnullis insuper inscriptionibus reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus post Actiacam victoriam instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. In aureo videmus ex una parte capita earundem Fortunarum exadversus positorum cum litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTUNAE et ex altera dea Victoria volans et clipeum S.C. inscriptum tenens erectum super basim cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO SC.<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247801 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref> * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. *Rustius Caepio quidam testamento heredi imposuerat ut quotannis certam summam novis senatoribus solveret, quod legatum [[Domitianus|Domitianus imperator]] rescindit<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''Domitianus'' 9.</ref>. Ille Rustius satis dives fuisse videtur. * Circa 173 Titus Rustius Caepio consulatum suffectum gessit<ref>{{CIL|6|2222}}</ref> ==Notae== <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Otto J. Brendel, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/502418 Two Fortunae, Antium and Praeneste]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1960: 41-47 == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. * [https://elexikon.ch/RE/IA,1_1245?Big Rustii] apud [[Paulys Real-Enzyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft]] [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] ord8x4k6zbii2h8gtr9howqjajkrf83 3982900 3982897 2026-08-21T16:41:33Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De membris huius gentis notis */ 3982900 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:RIC I 322.jpg|thumb|Denarius a Quinto Rustio paulo post 19 a.C.n. signatus.]] Gens Rustia fuit [[gens]] [[plebs|plebeia]] Romana antiqua minoris momenti quae a primo saeculo a.C.n. memoratur et sub [[Imperator Romanus|imperatoribus]] usque ad [[Consul|consulatum]] suffectum pervenit. Nomen suum imprimis in [[Denarius|denariis]] et [[aureus|aureis]] et nonnullis insuper inscriptionibus reliquit e quo effectum est ne omnino in oblivionem obruta sit. == De membris huius gentis notis == *Nomen L RVSTI legitur in denariis qui ad annum [[76 a.C.n.]] referri solent. Ex una parte videmus caput galeatum dei [[Mars (deus)|Martis]] cum litteris SC et valoris nota (monogramma ex XVI ductum = 16 asses), ex altera [[aries]] stans cum litteris supradictis. Litterae SC (senatusconsulto) indicare videntur emissionem extraordinariam fuisse nec L. Rustium [[triumvir monetalis|triumvirum monetalem]] sed aut [[Aedilis|aedilem]] aut [[Quaestor|quaestorem]] hos nummos signasse<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f420.item 410-1].[https://en.numista.com/225284 Photographema apud Numista].</ref>. *[[Plutarchus]]<ref>''Vita Crassi'' 32.</ref> Rustium quendam nominat qui anno [[53 a.C.n.]] comes [[Triumviratus|triumviri]] [[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marci Licinii Crassi]] in expeditione adversus [[Regnum Parthorum|Parthos]] secum volumen ''Milesiacorum'' in sarcinis circumferebat, quod ei exprobrio fuit postquam a Parthis liber captus est. Utrum idem fuerit atque L. Rustius supradictus dubitare licet. * Quintus Rustius paulo post [[19 a.C.n.]] aureos et denarios ex senatusconsulto signavit<ref>E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f421.item 411-2]</ref>. In denario videmus ex una parte capita adposita [[Fortuna (dea)|Fortunarum Antiatum]] (hoc est Fortunae Victricis et Fortunae Felicis) supra basim in duo arietum capita desinentem cum circumscriptis litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTVNAE ANTIAT; ex altera parte aram FOR RE inscriptam (pro ''Fortuna Redux'')<ref>Cultum Fortunae Reducis Augustus anno 19 a.C.n. instituit.</ref> cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO EX SC<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247802 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref>. Quia aries in ambobus denariis invenitur signum quoddam huius gentis fuisse creditur vel fortasse potius ipsius coloniae Antiatis ubi Fortuna venerabatur. Nam Q. Rustium Antio oriundum esse contestatur inscriptio eum Marci filium et [[Duumvir|duumvirum]] Antii faciens<ref> {{CIL|10|6680}}</ref>. In aureo videmus ex una parte capita earundem Fortunarum exadversus positorum cum litteris Q RVSTIVS FORTUNAE et ex altera dea Victoria volans et clipeum S.C. inscriptum tenens erectum super basim cum litteris CAESARI AVGVSTO SC.<ref>[https://en.numista.com/247801 Photographema] apud Numista.</ref> * Primo saeculo a.C.n. exeunte Lucius Rustius L.f. L.n. Caepio fuit [[pontifex]] et quattuorvir [[municipium|municipii]] [[Interamna Nahars|Interamnae Nahartis]] in [[Umbria]]<ref>{{CIL|11|4171}} et {{CIL|11|4217}}</ref>. * Anno [[34]] [[Titus Rustius Nummius Gallus]] fuit consul suffectus cum [[Quintus Marcius Barea Soranus|Quinto Marcio Barea]]<ref>{{CIL|6|244}}</ref>. *Rustius Caepio quidam testamento heredi imposuerat ut quotannis certam summam novis senatoribus solveret, quod legatum [[Domitianus|Domitianus imperator]] rescindit<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''Domitianus'' 9.</ref>. Ille Rustius satis dives fuisse videtur. * Circa 173 Titus Rustius Caepio consulatum suffectum gessit<ref>{{CIL|6|2222}}</ref> ==Notae== <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Otto J. Brendel, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/502418 Two Fortunae, Antium and Praeneste]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1960: 41-47 == Nexus externi == * [https://lesdioscures.com/category/rustia/ Nummi gentis Rustiae] apud dioscures.com. * [https://elexikon.ch/RE/IA,1_1245?Big Rustii] apud [[Paulys Real-Enzyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft]] [[Categoria:Gens Rustia| ]] [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae]] 6evbsyjoyt6pbxg80rnffzjmnuwlhhe 0 327885 3982867 2026-08-21T15:30:16Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3982867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Eglise Saint-Nicolas. Liézey.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Liézey: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Nicolaus|Sancto Nicolao]] dicata.]] {{res|Liézey}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 304 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Liézey|Liézey}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] b636qxv76zyxnemkipmwfimfte43iwz 1 327886 3982869 2026-08-21T15:32:37Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3982869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Liézey|237614573}} bzs48xmir4vfrh8hbkqx85sjjz2aobt 0 327887 3982872 2026-08-21T15:38:44Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3982872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:LesseuxMairie.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Lesseux: [[vici conciliabulum]].]] {{res|Lesseux}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 137 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. == Incola notabilis == * [[Florens Josephus I Bazelaire]] (1652-1724), praepositus regius, legatus generalis balliviatus [[Sanctus Deodatus (urbs)|Sancti Deodati]], dominus huius vici fuit. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Lesseux|Lesseux}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] gfadp6n79gvr5edywyfcc4lpapz4foj 1 327888 3982875 2026-08-21T15:41:44Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3982875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Lesseux|238778856}} 5qav5kl94er7ginort2hnuqsumwnu6h 0 327889 3982878 2026-08-21T15:45:18Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3982878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Lerrain, Église Saint-Barthélemy.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Larino: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Bartholomaeus (apostolus)|Sancto Bartholomaeo]] dicata.]] {{res|Larino}} seu '''Lirinensi'''<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 2, p. 350.</ref> ([[Francogallice]] ''Lerrain'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 461 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Lerrain|Larinonem}} {{Fontes geographici}} == Notae == <references /> {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] b8ti8eeu8umrrlf028mmunbhrsv4zhq 1 327890 3982880 2026-08-21T15:46:21Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3982880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Lerrain|237118935}} qr04yhyotga039y7hq9cpemovxa3qsh 0 327891 3982888 2026-08-21T15:58:58Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3982888 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Lépanges Sainte Libaire.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Lépanges-sur-Vologne: [[ecclesia (aedificum)|ecclesia]] Sanctae Libariae dicata.]] {{res|Lépanges-sur-Vologne}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 844 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. == Incolae notabiles == * [[Camillus Cunin]] (1912–2004), pugnator Resistentiae Francicae et Socius Liberationis, hic natus est. * [[Rachid Taha]] (1958–2018), cantor et scriptor carminum Algerianus, partem pueritiae suae hic egit. * [[Muriella Gremillet]] (1974-), diurnaria et perita communicationis, ibi nata est. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Lépanges-sur-Vologne|Lépanges-sur-Vologne}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] bxpsomdrmxdt7inex77v851gw1v4cf8 14 327892 3982894 2026-08-21T16:15:42Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 Paginam instituit, scribens '[[Categoria:Gentes Romanae|Rustia]]' 3982894 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Gentes Romanae|Rustia]] bfbbx0blhqihg5m14mb1uwejm7kwsj4 10 327893 3982909 2026-08-21T17:57:21Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Porta]] ad [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana]]: Nomen opportunius—videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Categoria:Portae|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&nbsp;Categoria:Portae]] 3982909 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Formula:Porta Vicipaediana]] c6by7njq8ds71d2owg0rwmxf48aubkp 0 327894 3982954 2026-08-21T19:22:21Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Gölenkamp]] ad [[Golencampus]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3982954 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Golencampus]] ajp66xdr9v02whd0x48l1rw92kmutiu 10 327896 3982966 2026-08-21T20:02:09Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem ad seorsam paginam transtuli 3982966 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula saepe in paginis harum categoriarum adhibita | Portae Vicipaedianae }} == De usu == === Argumenta === ; titulus : titulus capsae ; link : pagina includenda media in capsa ; inline : textus includendus media in capsa (nisi '''link''' datur) ; titleforeground : ; titlebackground : ; titlestyling : ; boxbackground : ; bordercolor : === Exempla === '''Vicitextus:''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Capsa portae Vicipaedianae | link = Vicipaedia:Pagina prima/Scin tu | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #cccccc }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {{Capsa portae Vicipaedianae | link = Vicipaedia:Pagina prima/Scin tu | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #cccccc }} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus:''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Capsa portae Vicipaedianae | titulus = Scin tu? | link = Vicipaedia:Pagina prima/Scin tu | titleforeground = #000000 | titlebackground = #cccccc | titlestyling = font-variant:small-caps; | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #cccccc }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {{Capsa portae Vicipaedianae | titulus = Scin tu? | link = Vicipaedia:Pagina prima/Scin tu | titleforeground = #000000 | titlebackground = #cccccc | titlestyling = font-variant:small-caps; | boxbackground = #ffffff | bordercolor = #cccccc }} == Ulteriora si cupis == * {{Fn|Capsa notionis}} * {{Fn|Capsa lateralis}} * {{Fn|Capsa disputationis}} * {{Fn|Capsa documentationis}} * {{Fn|Capsa paginae}} * {{Fn|Capsa monitus}} * {{Fn|Capsa tabellaria}} * {{Fn|Metacapsa tabellaria}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae capsarum|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> pwakue4r497qsizhpydmn2qkvqdn47w 0 327897 3983002 2026-08-21T21:32:32Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Emlichheim (commune generale)]] ad [[Emmelkampus (commune generale)]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3983002 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Emmelkampus (commune generale)]] 5wbw8h9874mnirpoftsovep7k8apf4o 0 327898 3983011 2026-08-21T21:55:35Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Golmbach]] ad [[Goldbiki]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3983011 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goldbiki]] b7qtkk6hjotbyehmr82055p0p9x4ju8 0 327899 3983030 2026-08-21T22:40:31Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Gorleben]] ad [[Gorleba]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3983030 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Gorleba]] iq3qi3ihq6b7zu767rogdifdk3dfkgk 14 327900 3983075 2026-08-22T01:33:50Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 Paginam instituit, scribens 'Categoria litterarum Croaticarum. [[Categoria:Litterae Europaeae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]]' 3983075 wikitext text/x-wiki Categoria litterarum Croaticarum. [[Categoria:Litterae Europaeae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] 7wjzhcwqczovkmsawwwjxzqso1hcutz 3983076 3983075 2026-08-22T01:34:26Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983076 wikitext text/x-wiki Categoria litterarum Croaticarum. [[Categoria:Litterae Europae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] rdl0b6s1gunx3uvrh5non707by6btxs 3983077 3983076 2026-08-22T01:36:41Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983077 wikitext text/x-wiki Categoria litterarum Croaticarum, quae opera poetica, dramatica, fictionalem, atque alia scripta in Croatia vel a scriptoribus Croaticis conscripta complectitur. [[Categoria:Litterae Europae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] r7jqgb90kxurnulw9hrhws1phfhxumt 3983098 3983077 2026-08-22T02:17:39Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3983098 wikitext text/x-wiki Categoria litterarum Croaticarum, quae opera poetica, dramatica, fictionalem, atque alia scripta in Croatia vel a scriptoribus Croaticis conscripta complectitur. == Nexus externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Scriptor:Coronus_Tenebrosius Coronus Tenebrosius – Vicifons] [[Categoria:Litterae Europae]] [[Categoria:Croatia]] g4buxu5jriuk86s86u3v9zjl1v92w6g 0 327901 3983081 2026-08-22T01:51:53Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Vienenburg]] ad [[Vienenburgum]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3983081 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Vienenburgum]] 4jnnwgfhr0kxmkb2fsvesifh2b8291h 1 327902 3983082 2026-08-22T01:53:51Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De usu vocis “vulgo” in hac pagina */ nova pars 3983082 wikitext text/x-wiki == De usu vocis “vulgo” in hac pagina == '''Salvete.''' In hac pagina nomen ''Fran Krsto Frankopan'' forma '''Croatica hodierna''' est, forma normata, non plebeia neque dialectalis. Quam ob rem vocabulum '''“vulgo”''', quod sermonem plebeium significat, hic '''non recte adhibetur'''. Praeterea constructio '''“vulgo … (Croatico hodierno)”''' contradictionem continet: forma enim '''hodierna normata''' simul '''vulgo''' esse non potest. Propono igitur ut haec nominum distinctio adhibeatur: * '''Latine:''' ''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus'' * '''Croatice hodierni:''' ''Fran Krsto Frankopan'' * '''Autographe:''' ''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'' Haec distributio clara est, filologice recta, atque cum usu Vicipaediae de ''Litteris Poloniae'', ''Litteris Italiae'', ''Litteris Croaticis'' congruit. Gratias ago. [[Usor:Coronus Tenebrosius|Coronus Tenebrosius]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Coronus Tenebrosius|disputatio]]) 01:53, 22 Augusti 2026 (UTC) k8o7qavdnaj32aa07jkfo02pnqonnaz 3983114 3983082 2026-08-22T02:58:37Z Grufo 64423 /* De usu vocis “vulgo” in hac pagina */ Responsum 3983114 wikitext text/x-wiki == De usu vocis “vulgo” in hac pagina == '''Salvete.''' In hac pagina nomen ''Fran Krsto Frankopan'' forma '''Croatica hodierna''' est, forma normata, non plebeia neque dialectalis. Quam ob rem vocabulum '''“vulgo”''', quod sermonem plebeium significat, hic '''non recte adhibetur'''. Praeterea constructio '''“vulgo … (Croatico hodierno)”''' contradictionem continet: forma enim '''hodierna normata''' simul '''vulgo''' esse non potest. Propono igitur ut haec nominum distinctio adhibeatur: * '''Latine:''' ''Franciscus Christophorus Comes de Frangipanibus'' * '''Croatice hodierni:''' ''Fran Krsto Frankopan'' * '''Autographe:''' ''Ferenaz Frangopan Groff Tersazki'' Haec distributio clara est, filologice recta, atque cum usu Vicipaediae de ''Litteris Poloniae'', ''Litteris Italiae'', ''Litteris Croaticis'' congruit. Gratias ago. [[Usor:Coronus Tenebrosius|Coronus Tenebrosius]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Coronus Tenebrosius|disputatio]]) 01:53, 22 Augusti 2026 (UTC) : Salve [[Usor:Coronus Tenebrosius|Corone Tenebrosi]]. “Vulgo” quamlibet formam non Latinizatam indicare solet; ergo Croatice = “Vulgo”, Anglice = “Vulgo”, et cetera. P.S. “Croatice hodierni” non est forma recta: aut “Croatic'''e'''” tantum, aut “Croatic'''o''' hodiern'''o'''”. Vale. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:58, 22 Augusti 2026 (UTC) geyx8p6924ff1i5azx542sz5g34trgd 0 327903 3983088 2026-08-22T02:12:21Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983088 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327904 3983089 2026-08-22T02:13:05Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983089 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327905 3983090 2026-08-22T02:13:30Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983090 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327906 3983091 2026-08-22T02:14:22Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983091 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327907 3983093 2026-08-22T02:15:02Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983093 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327908 3983094 2026-08-22T02:15:23Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983094 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327909 3983095 2026-08-22T02:16:49Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983095 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327910 3983096 2026-08-22T02:17:11Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983096 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327911 3983097 2026-08-22T02:17:35Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983097 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327912 3983099 2026-08-22T02:18:20Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983099 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327913 3983100 2026-08-22T02:18:45Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983100 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327914 3983101 2026-08-22T02:19:10Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983101 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327915 3983103 2026-08-22T02:19:36Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983103 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327916 3983104 2026-08-22T02:20:30Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983104 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327917 3983105 2026-08-22T02:20:57Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983105 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327918 3983106 2026-08-22T02:21:20Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983106 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327919 3983107 2026-08-22T02:21:42Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983107 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327920 3983108 2026-08-22T02:22:10Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983108 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327921 3983109 2026-08-22T02:22:56Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Goslaria]] 3983109 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Goslaria]] fllt7jkcbk2pvyxn3fbahtcl4li0xuz 0 327922 3983126 2026-08-22T10:13:55Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3983126 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Lemmecourt, Église Saint-Evre 2.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Lemmecuria: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Aper|Sancto Apro]] dicata.]] {{res|Lemmecuria}}<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 2, p. 370.</ref> ([[Francogallice]] ''Lemmecourt'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 23 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Lemmecourt|Lemmecuriam}} {{Fontes geographici}} == Notae == <references /> {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] q96p77h3vm4n8sxbnu88q5fk6hmooqa 1 327923 3983127 2026-08-22T10:15:17Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3983127 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Lemmecourt|238226104}} 4lmdbicy977cst5tsqn8i6gw4rj1oy1