Vicipaedia lawiki https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Pagina_prima MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.18 first-letter Media Specialis Disputatio Usor Disputatio Usoris Vicipaedia Disputatio Vicipaediae Fasciculus Disputatio Fasciculi MediaWiki Disputatio MediaWiki Formula Disputatio Formulae Auxilium Disputatio Auxilii Categoria Disputatio Categoriae Porta Disputatio Portae Adumbratio Disputatio Adumbrationis TimedText TimedText talk Modulus Disputatio Moduli Event Event talk Canada 0 159 3986162 3955591 2026-09-06T12:45:24Z Marcus Rosaeus Glaber 202287 /* Demographia */ Deleui "thinsp;", quod non apperuit parvum spatium sed litterae t h i n s p ;. 3986162 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa civitatis Vicidata}} '''Canada'''<ref>{{Lexfons}}; {{Egger DL|35}}; [[Ebbe Vilborg]]. ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok,'' editio secunda (2009).</ref> est [[civitas sui iuris]] in [[America Septentrionalis|America septentrionali]] sita, [[spatium|spatio]] secunda a maxima [[orbis terrarum]] post [[Russia]]m. In [[civilitas|rebus politicis]], [[civitas]] est [[monarchia constitutionalis]], [[foederatio]] in [[Provinciae territoriaque Canadae|decem provinciis et tribus territoriis]] consistens, quae anno [[1867]] per [[lex|legem]] confoederationis constituta est. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] est [[Ottava]], sedes [[parlamentum|parlamenti]], [[gubernator generalis|gubernatoris generalis]], et [[primus minister|primi ministri]]. [[Urbs]] numerum incolarum [[Torontum]] (cum amplius quinque milionibus incolarum), [[Mons Regius|Monte Regio]] (cum amplius tribus), [[Vancuverium|Vancuverio]] (cum circa duobus milionibus) et [[Calgaria]] (cum circa milione) superatur. Etiam circa dimidium millionis incolarum superant [[Edmundopolis]], [[Vinnipega]], [[Quebecum urbs]], [[Hamiltonium (Ontario)|Hamiltonium]]. In principiis, antiquarum [[colonia]]rum ad [[Francia]]m et [[Britanniarum Regnum]] pertinentium foedus, quamobrem Canada [[Francophonia]]e et [[Consortio Populorum|Consortionis Populorum]] sodalis, praeter alias internationales consociationes velut [[Consociatio ex pacto Atlantico Septentrionali|Consociationem ex pacto Atlantico Septentrionali]]. Canada duas habet [[lingua publica|linguas publicas]]: [[lingua Anglica|Anglicam]] et [[lingua Francogallica|Francogallicam]]; hac ultima [[Quebecum]] praesertim utitur. Parlamentum praecipue a quattuor principalium factionum sodalibus formatur, quarum [[Factio Liberalis Canadae|Factio Liberalis]] praecipua per plerosque ultimos annos fuit, etenim [[natura]]lis factio dominativa appellatur. [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis Americae]] meridie et occidenti ([[Alasca]]e, cum qua longam amicitiam fecit) finitima est. [[Groenlandia]] ([[Dania|Danica]] possessio) et [[insulae Sancti Petri et Miquelonensis]] ([[Francia|Francicae]]) quoque prope sunt. [[Fasciculus:Plaine abraham quebec.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|[[Planities Abrahami]] prope Urbem Quebeci.]] == Historia == Primi fines Canadae incoluerunt [[Indi Americani|gentes aboriginales]], hodie [[Primae Nationes]] dictae, vel ita a [[Deus|deo suo]] dispositi (ut ab ipsis traditur) vel ab [[Asia]] per [[pons terrenus|pontem terrenum]] Americam circa 10 000 a.C.n. ingressi.<!--revera?--> Plurimas civitates hic floruisse, occidisse, bellavisse tot per saecula credere licet, vatibus haud carentes sacris, sed in [[historia]]s hominum rare memoratas. Plurimae exstant, inter quas gens [[Iroquii|Irocica]], [[Crei|Creea]], [[Haidae|Haida]]. [[Vicingi]] [[Leivus Erici filius|Leivo Erici filio]] duce partem [[Terra Nova et Labrador|Terrae Novae]] circa annum [[1000]] invenerunt, quam [[Vinlandia]]m appellaverunt breviterque [[Ansa Pratensis|Ansam Pratensem]] incoluerunt; denique fame sitique depulsi sunt et in [[Islandia]]m regressi. Post Vicingos, exploraverunt [[litus]] Atlanticum Canadae [[Ioannes Cabottus]] (anno [[1497]]) et [[Iacobus Cartier]] (annis [[1534]]–[[1542]]), hic pro [[rex|rege]] [[Francia|Francorum]], ille pro rege [[Anglia|Anglorum]]. Cartier [[urbs|urbem]] [[Hochelaga]]e visitavit [[colonia]]mque prope urbem [[Stadacona]]e condidit, cui nomen ''[[Quebecum|Quebeci]]'' dedit. A civibus Stadaconae nomen traxit Canada, nam [[vocabulum]] ''kanata'' [[linguae Iroquesiae|Iroquesice]] 'villa' vel 'vicus' valet, quo nomine cives urbem suam designaverunt; Cartier tamen, linguae Iroquesiae inscitus, hoc nomen false [[regio]]nem totam significare putavit. [[Fasciculus:Jacques Cartier 1851-1852.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|[[Iacobus Cartier]].]] [[Colonia]]e a Cartier successoribusque suis positae, et in ripis [[Sancti Laurentii fluvius|Fluvii Sancti Laurentii]] et in [[litus|litoribus]] orientalibus [[America Septentrionalis|Americae Septentrionalis]], nomine ''[[Nova Francia|Novae Franciae]]'' creverunt. Incolae huius civitatis agros colebant, plurima [[commercium|commercia]] cum indigenis habebant (praecipue ut [[pellis|pelles]] emerent), nonnulla [[bellum|bella]] cum [[septem]] [[natio]]nibus [[Confoederatio Irocica|Confoederationis Irocicae]] gerebant. [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannicae]] [[colonia]]e in [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Atlantico]] [[litus|litore]] et [[Sinus Hudson|Sinu Hudsoniano]] et in [[Tredecim Coloniae|tredecim coloniis]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]] faciendis conditae sunt. Pugna pro territorio et novi [[continens|continentis]] dominio in variis bellis per [[saeculum|saecula]] [[saeculum 17|duodevicensima]] et [[saeculum 18|undevicensima]] erupit. Francia territoria progressive{{dubsig}} amisit, et denique Canadense territorium anno [[1763]], sub [[Foedus Lutetiae anni 1763|Foedere Lutetiae]], quod totum Canadense territorium Britannicam coloniam fecit. Post [[Bellum Libertatis Americanae|Bellum Libertatis Civitatum Foederatarum]], milia Britannorum Imperio fidelium tredecim [[colonia]]s reliquerunt ut Septentrionalibus Britannicis coloniis [[libertas|libertatem]] non declarantibus considerent, praecipue in [[Terra Nova]], [[Nova Scotia]], [[Quebecum|Quebeco]], et [[Insula Principis Eduardi]]. Ut fideles acciperentur, Britannica gubernatio colonia [[Novum Brunsvicum|Novi Brunsvici]] anno [[1784]] creavit, et Quebecum in [[provincia]]s anno [[1791]] duas divisit: [[Canada Superior|Canadam Superiorem]] et [[Canadam Inferior|Inferiorem]] (sive Canadam Orientalem et Occidentalem, hodie [[Ontario]]nem et [[Quebecum]]). Bellum anni [[1812]] inrupit cum vires [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] impetum in Britannicas vires fecerunt ut Britannicum dominium in [[America Septentrionalis|America Septentrionali]] minueretur. Aprili mense anni [[1814]] urbem Eboraci (hodie [[Torontum]]) usserunt; Britanni vicissim [[urbs|urbe]] [[Vasingtonia, C.C.|Vasingtonia]] per impetum atrocem usta [[Augustus|Augusto]] anni [[1814]] responderunt. Bellum [[Foedus Gandavense|Foedere Gandavensi]] [[December|Decembri]] anni [[1814]] obsignato finitum est. Duae provinciae Canadenses (Orientalis Occidentalisque) in Provincia Canadensi anno [[1840]] coniunctae sunt, ut Francicos Canadenses assimilare conarentur. Postquam [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] lineam parallelam 49 Septemtrionalem fines cum territorio nominato America Septemtrionali Britannica acciperent, Britannica gubernatio Provinciam [[Columbia Britannica|Columbiam Britannicam]] anno [[1848]] constituit. Decennium Provinciam Canadae secutum expeditiones misit ut septentriones explorarent dominiumque [[Terra Ruperti|Terrae Ruperti]] caperent, quae [[Societas Sinus Hudson et Arctici]] administrabatur. Inter annos [[1864]] et [[1866]], Americae Septemtrionalis Britannicae politici tres congressus fecerunt quorum propositum unionem foederalem creare erat. [[1 Iulii|Kalendis Iuliis]] anni [[1867]], tres coloniae, Canada, [[Nova Scotia]], et [[Novum Brunsvicum]] ius regale constitutioni (''British North America Act'') acceperunt, cum qua Dominium Canadae creatum est. Vox ''Confoederationis Canadensis'' ad hanc trium provinciarum coniunctionem attingit. Alia territoria et coloniae Britannicae cito ad confoederationem coniuncta sunt. Anno [[1880]] Canada omnibus hodiernis provinciis, exceptis Terra Nova et [[Labrador]]e, coniunctis anno [[1949]], iam formabatur. Anno [[1919]], Canada sodalis [[Societas Civitatum|Societatis Civitatum]] facta est, et anno [[1926]] suas coniunctiones cum rebus exteris per [[Declaratio Balfouriana|Declarationem Balfourianam]] omnino temperata est. Anno [[1931]], Statutum Vestmonasterii ut nullum decretum [[Parlamentum|Parlamenti]] [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britanici]] validum esset sine consensu Canadensium civium confirmavit (die quae principium libertatis Canadensis habetur). Appellationes ad consilium iudiciale Britannicum anno [[1949]] finitae sunt. Denique propria [[constitutio]] creata est (in actu constitutionis repatriatione nominato), cum Britannica gubernatio Decretum Canadae anno [[1982]] sanxit, [[libertas|libertatem]] Canadae constituens, quamquam dux civitatis Britannicae agnoscitur et civitas ad [[Consortio Populorum|Consortionem Populorum Britannicorum]] pertinet. Motus pro summa potestate [[Quebecum|Quebeci]] ut foederalis gubernatio duae plebis scita convocaret, anni [[1980]] et anni [[1995]], cum 60 centesimis et 50.6 centesimis contra provinciae [[libertas|libertatem]] fecit. Etiam [[decennium 197|decenniis 197]] et [[decennium 198|198]], [[Frons Liberationis Quebeci]] dissimiles actiones violentas libertatem [[Quebecum|Quebeci]] vindicantes ordinavit. == Politia == [[Fasciculus:Ottawa-parlement.jpg|thumb|Parabolamentum Canadense Ottavae.]] Canada est foederatio sub [[parabolamentarismus|systemate democratico parabolamentarioque]] et [[monarchia constitutionalis|monarchia constitutionali]], cuius [[monarcha]] dominator [[Carolus III (rex Britanniarum)|Carolus III]] Rex, [[dux Civitatis]] Canadensis, titulo Rex Canadae. Exsequitur praecipua ducis civitatis iura exsequitur [[Gubernator generalis Canadae|gubernator generalis]], qui generaliter politicus pensione fruens aut alius Canadensis excelsus a regina cum consilio primi ministri Canadensis nominatus est. Gubernator generalis haud factionalis figura cuius munus regiam adsensionem propositis legis emissis a [[Camera Communium Canadae|Camera Communium]] et [[Senatus Canadae|Senatu]] dare est, legendis locutionibus solii, obsignandis documentis civitatis, sollemniter aperiendis claudendisque parabolamenti sessionibus, et solvendo parabolamento ut [[comitia]] convocentur si opus sit. Tam gubernator generalis quam regina parvam veram potestatem habent quia creberrime sub [[dux Gubernationis|ducis gubernationis]], primi ministri, adsessione agunt. Sollemniter nominat gubernator generalis primum ministrum, saepissime dux [[factio politica|factionis]] cui est maximus scamnorum numerus in Camera Communium. [[Primus minister]] vicissim [[ministrorum consilium]] electum conventione inter sodales factionis primi ministri in Camera Communium aut Senatu nominat. [[Gubernatio]]nis [[Potestas legisfera|legisfer ramus]], [[Parlamentum Canadae|Parlamentum]], duas cameras habet: Camera Communium, cuius sodales democratice eliguntur, et Senatum, cuius sodales nominantur. Comitia Camerae Communium a gubernatore generali cum commendatione primi ministri, secundum suum arbitrium, convocantur, sed ante quinquennii periodum post ultima comitia evenienda sunt. Foederale Parabolamentum leges ferre solum de illis areis [[Constitutio]]ne indictis potest. Sunt in Canada tres politicae factiones praecipuae: [[Factio Liberalis Canadae]] (medii), [[Factio Conservativa Canadae]] (dextrae), et [[Nova Factio Democratica]] (laevae). Factio Liberalis Canadam per 32 ultimorum 42 annorum<!--Nunc, anno 2017?!--> gubernavit. Alia factio quae gubernavit est Factio Conservativa Progressistica et sua decessoria Factio Conservativa. Factio Conservativa Progressistica Foederi Canadensi sociatur ut Factio Conservativa Canadae, [[December|Decembri]] anni [[2003]] formetur. == Provinciae et Territoria Canadensia == [[Fasciculus:Canadarcticislands.gif|thumb|upright=0.7|left|Tabula insularum Canadae (Anglice signata).]] Canada [[foederatio]] decem [[provincia|provinciis]] et tribus [[territorium (pars administrativa)|territoriis]] componitur; etiam disponitur in [[regio]]nes. [[Canada Occidentalis]] in [[Columbia Britannica]] et [[Pratariae Canadienses|Pratariis]] ([[Alberta]], [[Saskatchewan]], [[Manitoba]]) consistit. [[Canada Media]] in [[Quebecum|Quebeco]] et [[Ontario]]ne consistit. [[Canada Atlantica]] in tribus [[Provinciae Maritimae|Provinciis Maritimis]] ([[Novum Brunsvicum|Novo Brunsvico]], [[Insula Principis Eduardi]], [[Nova Scotia]]) consistit, praeter [[Terra Nova et Terra Laboratoria|Terram Novam et Terram Laboratoriam]]. [[Canada Orientalis]] ad Canadam Mediam et [[Canada Atlantica|Canadam Atlanticam]] iunctas refert. Tria territoria ([[Iuconus (territorium)|Iuconus]], [[Territoria Septentrio-occidentalia]], [[Nunavut]]) [[Canada Septemtrionalis|Canadam Septemtrionalem]] constituunt. Provinciae [[Foederalismus Canadensis|magnum autonomiae gradum]] e foederali gubernatione, territoria aliquid minus habent. Singula [[Catalogus symbolorum provincialium et territorialium Canadiensium|provincialia et territorialia symbola]]. [[Fasciculus:Canada Provinces & Territories Latin.png|thumb|upright=0.8|Provinciae Canadae.]] Provinciae plerumque Canadensium socialium programmatum (velut [[curatio medica|curationis medicae]], [[educatio]]nis, [[opitulatio]]nis) responsales et iunctae magis ingressum pecuniarium conligunt quam foederalis gubernatio, fere structura singula inter foederationes in mundo. Sua impensoria potentia utens, foederalis gubernatio civitatis rationes in provinciis initiare potest, velut [[Lex Canadensis de Sanitate|Legem Canadensem de Sanitate]]; provinciae illas optare possunt, sed vix reapse faciunt. [[Mercedes aequationis]] federali gubernatione fiunt ut prudenter uniformes rationes diaconiarum et tributorum provideri inter opulentiores et pauperiores provincias firmentur. Singulae provinciae singulas unicamerales, electas legislaturas a [[Primus Minister|primum ministrum]] ([[Anglice]] ''premier''; [[Francogallice]] ''premier ministre''), eodem modo quam primo Canadae ministro selecto, ductas habent. Singula provincia etiam singulum [[Vicarius Gubernator|vicarium gubernatorem]] (Anglice ''lieutenant-governor''; Francogallice ''lieutenant-gouverneur'') [[Elizabeth II (regina Britanniarum)|reginam]] repraesentantem analogum gubernatoris generalis habet. Vicarius gubernator de commendatione primi Canadae ministri nominatur, sed cum crescentibus quantitatibus consiliorum provincialium gubernationum recentibus annis. {| class="wikitable" |- style="background: #efefef;" ! rowspan="2" | [[Provincia]] ! rowspan="2" | Postalis abbreviatio/<br />[[ISO 3166-2:CA|ISO code]] ! rowspan="2" | Aliae abbreviationes ! rowspan="2" | [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] ! rowspan="2" | Intravit Confoederationem ! rowspan="2" | Incolae<br />(2007)<ref>[http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070628/d070628c.htm Statistics Canada Population Estimates (1 Aprilis 2007)]</ref> ! colspan="3" | [[Area (geometria)|Area]] (km²) |- ! Terra !! [[Aqua]] !! Totum |- ! [[Ontario]] | ON | Ont. | [[Torontum]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1867]] | colpos = "6" rowpos = "4" style="text-align: right;" | 12 753 702 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "4" style="text-align: right;" | 917 741 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "4" style="text-align: right;" | 158 654 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "4" style="text-align: right;" | 1 076 395 |- ! [[Quebecum]] | QC | Que., PQ, P.Q. | [[Quebecum urbs]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1867]] | colpos = "6" rowpos = "3" style="text-align: right;" | 7 687 068 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "3" style="text-align: right;" | 1 356 128 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "3" style="text-align: right;" | 185 928 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "3" style="text-align: right;" | 1 542 056 |- ! [[Nova Scotia]] | NS | N.S. | [[Halifaxia]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1867]] | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 932 966 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 53 338 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 1 946 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 55 284 |- ! [[Novum Brunsvicum]] | NB | N.B. | [[Fredericopolis]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1867]] | colpos = "6" rowpos = "2" style="text-align: right;" | 748 878 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "2" style="text-align: right;" | 71 450 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "2" style="text-align: right;" | 1 458 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "2" style="text-align: right;" | 72 908 |- ! [[Manitoba]] | MB | Man. | [[Vinnipega]] | [[15 Iulii]] [[1870]] | style="text-align: right;" | 1 182 921 | style="text-align: right;" | 553 556 | style="text-align: right;" | 94 241 | style="text-align: right;" | 647 797 |- ! [[Columbia Britannica]] | BC | B.C. | [[Victoria (urbs)|Victoria]] | [[20 Iulii]] [[1871]] | style="text-align: right;" | 4 352 798 | style="text-align: right;" | 925 186 | style="text-align: right;" | 19 549 | style="text-align: right;" | 944 735 |- ! [[Insula Principis Eduardi]] | PE | PEI, P.E.I., P.E. Island | [[Carolinapolis]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1873]] | style="text-align: right;" | 138 800 | style="text-align: right;" | 5 660 | style="text-align: center;" | — | style="text-align: right;" | 5 660 |- ! [[Saskatchewan]] | SK | Sask., SSK, SKWN | [[Regina (Saskatchewan)|Regina]] | [[1 Septembris]], [[1905]] | style="text-align: right;" | 990 212 | style="text-align: right;" | 591 670 | style="text-align: right;" | 59 366 | style="text-align: right;" | 651 036 |- ! [[Alberta]] | AB | Alta. | [[Edmundopolis]] | [[1 Septembris]], [[1905]] | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 3 455 062 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 642 317 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 19 531 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 661 848 |- ! [[Terra Nova et Labrador]] | NL | Nfld., NF, LB | [[Sanctus Ioannes Terrae Novae]] | [[31 Martii]] [[1949]] | style="text-align: right;" | 506 548 | style="text-align: right;" | 373 872 | style="text-align: right;" | 31 340 | style="text-align: right;" | 405 212 |} {| class="wikitable" |- style="background: #efefef;" ! rowspan="2" | Territorium ! rowspan="2" | Postalis abbreviatio/<br />[[ISO 3166-2:CA|ISO code]] ! rowspan="2" | Aliae abbreviationes ! rowspan="2" | Caput ! rowspan="2" | Intravit Confoederationem ! rowspan="2" | Incolae<br />(2007) ! colspan="3" | Area (km²) |- ! Terra !! Aqua !! Totum |- ! [[Territoria Septentrio-occidentalia|Territoria Boreo-Occidentalia]]<ref>William T. Stearn in libro ''Botanical Latin'' (Londinii, 1983, p. 208) dicit verbum Anglicum ''north-western'' Latine esse ''boreo-occidentalis.''</ref> | NT | N.W.T., NWT | [[Cultellus Flavus]] | [[15 Iulii]] [[1870]] | style="text-align: right;" | 41 795 | style="text-align: right;" | 1 183 085 | style="text-align: right;" | 163 021 | style="text-align: right;" | 1 346 106 |- ! [[Iuconus (territorium)|Iuconus]] | YT | Y.T., YK | [[Equus Albus]] | [[13 Iunii]] [[1898]] | style="text-align: right;" | 30 883 | style="text-align: right;" | 474 391 | style="text-align: right;" | 8 052 | style="text-align: right;" | 482 443 |- ! [[Nunavut]] | NU | NV | [[Iqaluit]] | [[1 Aprilis]] [[1999]] | style="text-align: right;" | 31 216 | style="text-align: right;" | 1 936 113 | style="text-align: right;" | 157 077 | style="text-align: right;" | 2 093 190 |} == Urbes maximi momenti == [[Fasciculus:Nwmp 1900.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Vigil]]es in Urbe Dawson Territorii [[Iuconus (territorium)Iuconi]], circa [[1900]].]] {{div col|2}} * [[Calgaria]] ([[Alberta]]) * [[Carolinapolis]] ([[caput (urbs)|caput]] Insulae Principis Eduardi) * [[Cultellus Flavus]] (caput [[Territoria Boreo-Occidentalia|Territoriorum Boreo-Occidentalium]]) * [[Edmundopolis]] (caput [[Alberta]]e) (sive ''Edmontonensis'') * [[Equus Albus]] (caput Iuconi) * [[Fredericopolis]] (caput Novae Brunsvici) * [[Halifaxia]] (caput [[Nova Scotia|Novae Scotiae]]) * [[Mons Regius]] (Quebecum) (sive ''Marianopolis, Villa Maria'') * [[Ottava]] ([[Ontario]]) (caput Canadae) * [[Iqaluit]] (caput Nunavutis) * [[Regiopolis(Ontario)|Regiopolis]] (Ontario) * [[Londinium (Ontario)|Londinium]] (Ontario) * [[Urbs Reginae|Regina]] (caput Saskatchewanis) * [[Sanctus Ioannes (Novum Brunsvicum)|Sanctus Ioannes]] (Novum Brunsvicum) * [[Sanctus Ioannes Terrae Novae]] (caput Terrae Novae et Terrae Laboratoriae) * [[Sascatuna]] (Saskatchewan) * [[Sinus Tonitralis]] ([[Ontario]]) * [[Quebecum urbs|Quebecum]] (caput [[Quebecum|Quebeci]]) * [[Toronto|Torontum]] (caput [[Ontario]]nis) * [[Vancuverium]] ([[Columbia Britannica]]) * [[Urbs Victoria|Victoria]] (caput [[Columbia Britannica|Columbiae Britannicae]]) * [[Vindesorium (Terra Nova et Terra Laboratoria)|Vindesorium]] (urbs in Terra Nova et Terra Laboratoria) * [[Vindesorium (Nova Scotia)|Vindesorium]] (urbs in Nova Scotia) * [[Vindesorium (Ontario)|Vindesorium]] (urbs in Ontarione) * [[Vindesorium (Quebecum)|Vindesorium]] (urbs in Quebeco) * [[Vinnipega]] (caput [[Manitoba]]e) {{div col end}} == Geographia == [[Fasciculus:Canada 35 bg 061904.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Consaeptum publicum Banffiense.]] Canada iniquissimum [[litus]] habet, cum multis [[insula|insulis]] magnitudinis, velut [[Insula Baffini]], [[Insula Victoria]], [[Insula Ellesmere]], [[Insula Banksiana]]; [[Terra Nova]] ante litus [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Atlanticum]] et [[insula Vancuverium]] ante [[Oceanus Pacificus|Pacifici]] litus est. Plane paralleli huius litoris [[Montes Saxosi]] se erigunt qui in [[mons Logan|monte Logan]] (6 050 m) prope fines [[Alasca]]nos culminant; paralleli litoris Atlantici Septemtrionales stapides [[montes Appalachiani|Appalachianorum]] sunt. Reliquum civitatis nominato [[Scutum Canadense|Scuto Canadensi]], saxeo pulpito copioso materiarum primarum, et [[silva|silvis]] latis et pratis fecundis formatur. Principalia [[flumen|flumina]] sunt [[flumen Mackenzie|Mackenzie]] cum multis accolis, [[Sanctus Laurentius (flumen)|Sanctus Laurentius]], [[Nelson (flumen)|Nelson]], [[Churchill (flumen)|Churchill]], [[Churchill (flumen Laboratoriae)|Churchill]] alter et [[Fraser (flumen)|Fraser]]. Cum [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatibus Foederatis]] partitur quattuor ex quinque [[Lacus Magni|Magnis Americae Septemtrionalis Lacubus]] [[lacus Superior|Superiorem]], [[lacus Huronorum|Huronorum]], [[lacus Eriarum|Eriarum]], [[Andiatrocus lacus|Andiatrocum]]; alii magni Canadenses lacus sunt [[Lacus Ursinus magnus]], [[Lacus servorum maior]], [[lacus Vinnipega]]. Aliud flumen notior est propter casus [[aqua]]rum quam propter se ipsum: [[Niagara]] et suae [[aqua cadens|aquae cadentes]]. == Oeconomia == Canada est [[technologia|technologice]] progressa{{dubsig}} et [[industria]]lizata civitas. Quarta mundi civitas secundum [[Indicatorium Decursus Humani]] [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociationis Nationum]] (anno [[2004]]) post [[Norvegia]]m, [[Suecia]]m, [[Australia]]m, et valde autosufficiens{{dubsig}} in eo quod attinet ad [[energia]]m, ob lata deposita carburantium fossilium, generationem [[energia nuclearis|energiae nuclearis]] et [[vis hydroelectrica|vim hydroelectricam]] est. Sua [[oeconomia]] usitate in [[commercium|commercio]] et copia [[opes naturales|opium naturalium]] fundata est. Quamquam moderna Canadae oeconomia nuper multo diversificata{{dubsig}} est, opium naturalium usus ponderis vis motoria multarum regionalium oeconomiarum adhuc est. Canada est pars [[Foedus Liberi Commercii Americae Septemtrionalis|Foederis Liberi Commercii Americae Septemtrionalis]], iuxta cum [[CFA|Civitatibus Foederatis]] et [[Mexicum|Mexico]]. Sui principales socii commerciales sunt hae duae civitates et [[Res publica popularis Sinarum]]. == Demographia == [[Fasciculus:Cntower2.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Torontum|Toronti]], in [[Ontario]]ne, [[panorama]] urbanum cum [[Turris CN|Turri CN]]. Torontum est populosissima{{dubsig}} Canadae [[area metropolitana]], cum 5&thinsp;113&thinsp;149 hominum.]] Canadensis anni [[2011]] [[census]] in tota civitate 33 476 688 incolarum computabat. Incolarum incrementum [[immigratio]]ni et, minore modo, naturali incremento debetur. Circa tres quartas Canadensium partes in 150 chiliometris (90 milia passuum) e finibus [[CFA|Civitatum Foederatarum]] colunt. Similis proportio [[area urbana|areas urbanas]]{{dubsig}} in [[Andron inter Stenopolem et Vindesorium|Andro inter Stenopolem et Vindesorium]] (notabiliter in Maiore [[Solea Aurea]] [[Torontum]] et aream, [[Mons Regius|Montem Regium]] et [[Ottava]]m includente), in [[Continens Columbiae Britannicae|Continente Columbiae Britannicae]] (quae in regione [[Vancuverium]] circumdante consistit) et in [[Andron inter Calgariam et Edmundopolem|Andro inter Calgariam et Edmundopolem]] in Alberta densatas colit. Secundum censum anni [[2001]], triginta quattuor ethnici globi sunt, cum saltem 100 000 hominum singuli, sum{{dubsig}} 83% incolarum se [[Phyle Caucasia|Caucasios]] declarantium. Maximus ethnicus globus est [[Angli|Anglus]] (20.2%), quem [[Francia|Francogallicus]] (15.8%), [[Scotia|Scoti]] (15.1%), [[Hibernia|Hibernii]] (12.9%), [[Germania|Theodisci]] (9.3%), [[Italia]]ni (4.3%), [[Sina (regio)|Sini]] (3.7%), [[Ucraina|Ucraini]] (3.6%), et [[Indi Americani|Primae Gentes]] (3.4%) sequuntur; 40% respondentium suam ethnicitatem "Canadensem" identificat.{{dubsig}} Canadenses [[Indi Americani|aborigines]] incolae fere bis rapidiores quam Cabnadiensis media augent. Anno 2001, 13.4% incolarum ad haud autochthones [[allophylus visibilis|allophylos visibiles]] pertinebant. Anno 2001, 49 centesimae [[Vancuverium (Columbia Britannica)|Vancuveriensium]] et 42.8 centesimae [[Torontum|Torontanorum]] [[allophylus visibilis|allophyli visibiles]] erant. Martio anni 2005, [[Rationarium Canada]] (Anglice ''Statistics Canada''; Francice ''Statistique Canada'') haud [[Europa]]eae originis homines pleriquos Toronti et Vancuverii circa annum [[2012]] constitutos esse proiecit. Secundum Rationarii Canadae praevisiones, allophylorum visibilium in Canada numerus circa annum [[2017]] duplicari exspectatur. Scheda interrogatoria anno [[2007]] facta propemodum unum quorumque quinque Canadensium (19.8%) natum esse in aliena patria revelat. Fere 60% novorum immigrantium ex [[Asia]] (incluso [[Oriens Medius|Oriente Medio]]) proveniunt. Canada maximum immigrationis indicem per capita in mundo habet, oeconomico consilio et familiari reunificatione ductum; Canada magnam fugitorum quantitatem etiam accepit. Nuper adventi praesertim in principalibus urbanis areis Toronti, Vancuverii, et Montis Regii considunt. [[Pluralismus religiosus|Pluralismi religiosi]] favor praecipua pars Canadensis politicae culturae. Secundum anni 2001 censum, 77.1 centesimae Canadensium se [[Religio Christiana|Christianum]] identificat quorum, [[Ecclesia Catholica|Catholici]] maximum circulum (43.6% Canadensium) constituunt. Principalis [[Protestantes|Protestantica]] denominatio [[Ecclesia Unita Canadensis]] est. Circa 16.5 centesimae Canadensium nullam religiosam affiliationem declarat, et relictum 6.3 centesimae affiliatur ad alias religiones haud Christianas, quarum praecipua [[Religio Islamica]] cum 1.9 centesimis incolarum et postea [[Religio Iudaica]] cum 1.1 centesimae est. Canadensia provinciae et territoria responsalia{{dubsig}} educationis sunt. Singulum systema simile est sed singulem regionalem historiam, culturam et geographiam ostendit. Obligatoriae scholae aetas de quinto aut septimo anno usque ad decimum sextum aut decimum octavum annum extenditur, quod adultae alphabetizationis indici 99 centesimas contribuit. Postsecundaria educatio a provincialibus et territorialibus gubernationibus etiam administratur, pecuniam publicam praebentibus; foederalis gubernatio additionalia investigationis concessa, mutua studentium et stipendia administrat. Anno 2002, 43% Canadensium inter 25 et 64 annos natorum postsecundariam educationem habuere; eis inter 25 ad 34 annos natis postsecundaria eruditio 51 centesimas attingit. == Linguae == [[Fasciculus:Old Port of Montreal (French- Vieux-Port de Montréal).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Incolae [[Mons Regius|Montis Regii]], in [[Quebecum|Quebeco]] praecipue [[lingua Francogallica|Francophoni]] sunt, cum grave communitate [[lingua Anglica|Anglophona]].]] Sunt Canadae duae [[lingua publica|linguae publicae]], [[lingua Anglica]] et [[lingua Francogallica]]. [[Publicus Bilinguismus in Canada]] [[lex]] est, in [[Charta Canadensis Iurum et Libertatum|Charta Canadensi Iurum et Libertatum]], [[Lex Linguarum Publicarum|Lege Linguarum Publicarum]], et ''Regulationibus Linguae Publicae'' definitus; quae a [[Curator Linguarum Publicarum|Curatore Linguarum Publicarum]] applicantur. Linguae Anglica et Francogallica eundem statum in foederalibus tribunalibus, in Parlamento, et in foederalibus institutis habent. Homines [[ius]], si postulatio sufficiens est, foederalis gubernationis diaconiarum seu Anglice seu Francogallice accipiendarum habent et publicae linguae allophylli praestatas{{dubsig}} suas proprias scholas in omnibus provinciis et territoriis habent. Anglica et Francogallica linguae [[patrius sermo|patrii sermones]] 59.7 centesimae et 23.2 centesimae incolarum proprie, et linguae fabulatissimae{{dubsig}} domi a 68.3 centesimae et 22.3 centsimae incolarum sunt. Fere 98.5 centesimae Canadensium Anglice et Francogallice utuntur (67.5% Anglice solum loquitur, 13.3% Francogallice solum loquitur, et 17.7% ambabus loquitur). Communitates Linguarum Sollemnium Anglicae et Francogallicae, Prima Lingua Sollemnis Locuta definitae, 73 centesimas et 23.6 centesimas incolarum proprie constituunt. Quamquam 85 centesimae Francophonorum Canadensium Quebecum colit, substantiales{{dubsig}} Francophoni circuli in [[Ontario]]ne, [[Alberta]] et Meridionali [[Manitoba]], cum [[Acadia|Acadiis]] incolis in Septemtrionalibus et Notorientalibus partibus [[Novum Brunsvicum|Novi Brunsvici]] 35 centesimae provinciae hominum constituentibus, quoque et cum concentrationibus<ref>Ernestus Gotthold Struve D., ''Paradoxum chymicum sine igne'', Ienae, 1715, apud Ernestum Claudium Bailliar, p. 55. [http://books.google.com.br/books?id=s8MPAAAAQAAJ&pg=PT62&lpg=PT62&dq=concentrationibus&source=bl&ots=g6-lXUDh65&sig=_LFxoUn2xECZDsD0_jbEtnhzhIk&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ei=hfdfT8_FCOni0QHy2tynBw&sqi=2&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=concentrationibus&f=false] [[Libri Googles]] {{Ling|Latine}}</ref> in Notoccidentali [[Nova Scotia]] et in [[Insula Promontorii Armoricani]]. Ontario maximum Francophonum circulum extra Quebecum habet. [[Charta Linguae Francogallicae]] in Quebeco linguam Francogallicam unam sollemnem in Quebeco facit, et Novum Brunsvicum una provincia sollemnis bilinguismi affirmationem in constitutione habens est. Aliae provinciae linguas sollemnes ut tales non habent, sed Francogallica lingua disciplinae, in tribunalibus, et aliis gubernationis diaconiis iuxta cum Anglica utuntur. Manitoba, Ontario et Quebecum Anglice et Francogallice in provincialibus legislaturis loqui permittunt et leges in ambabus linguis promulgantur. In Ontarione lingua Francogallica aliquid legalis status habet sed omnino cosollemnis non est. Aliquae aboriginales [[lingua publica|linguam publicam]] in [[Territoria Septentrio-occidentalia|Territoriis Septemtrio-Occidentalibus]] statum habent. [[Linguae Escimaicae|Lingua Inuctitutica]] maioritaria lingua in Nunavut et una ex tribus linguis in territorio sollemnium{{dubsig}} est. Haud publicae linguae ponderis sunt in Canada, cum 5&thinsp;202&thinsp;245 hominum una earum sermonem patrium enumerantium. Nonnulli significantes haud publici sermones patrii [[lingua Sinica|linguam Sinicam]] (853&thinsp;745 ut primo sermone loquentium), [[Lingua Italiana|linguam Italianam]] (469&thinsp;485), [[lingua Theodisca]]m (438&thinsp;080), et [[lingua Puniabica|linguam Puniabicam]] comprehendunt. == Sententia == "A mari usque ad mare" ([[Psalmus 72]]:8). {{NexInt}} * [[Archipelagus Arcticus]] * [[Canadenses Francogallici]] * [[Communio Anglicana]] *[[Historia Canadae]] * [[Litterae Canadae]] * [[Nova Francia]] * [[Poesis Canadae]] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Canada|Canadam}} * [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/qview1.html Dioeceses Canadenses] {{America}} {{Consortio Populorum}} {{Capsae collectae|Canada|politica|{{Primi ministri Canadae}}{{Ministri rerum externarum Canadenses}}{{Consilium Canadense Iustini Trudeau}}}} {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Geographia}} {{FA stella}} [[Categoria:Canada| ]] [[Categoria:Civitates sui iuris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1867]] [[Categoria:Monarchiae constitutionales]] [[Categoria:Monarchiae foederales]] nkp4jnuqbcjayux55wk1rh8oio0spst 3986191 3986162 2026-09-06T16:25:14Z IacobusAmor 1163 Mos vicipaedianus (1K) 3986191 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa civitatis Vicidata}} '''Canada'''<ref>{{Lexfons}}; {{Egger DL|35}}; [[Ebbe Vilborg]]. ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok,'' editio secunda (2009).</ref> est [[civitas sui iuris]] in [[America Septentrionalis|America septentrionali]] sita, [[spatium|spatio]] secunda a maxima [[orbis terrarum]] post [[Russia]]m. In [[civilitas|rebus politicis]], [[civitas]] est [[monarchia constitutionalis]], [[foederatio]] in [[Provinciae territoriaque Canadae|decem provinciis et tribus territoriis]] consistens, quae anno [[1867]] per [[lex|legem]] confoederationis constituta est. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] est [[Ottava]], sedes [[parlamentum|parlamenti]], [[gubernator generalis|gubernatoris generalis]], et [[primus minister|primi ministri]]. [[Urbs]] numerum incolarum [[Torontum]] (cum amplius quinque milionibus incolarum), [[Mons Regius|Monte Regio]] (cum amplius tribus), [[Vancuverium|Vancuverio]] (cum circa duobus milionibus) et [[Calgaria]] (cum circa milione) superatur. Etiam circa dimidium millionis incolarum superant [[Edmundopolis]], [[Vinnipega]], [[Quebecum urbs]], [[Hamiltonium (Ontario)|Hamiltonium]]. In principiis, antiquarum [[colonia]]rum ad [[Francia]]m et [[Britanniarum Regnum]] pertinentium foedus, quamobrem Canada [[Francophonia]]e et [[Consortio Populorum|Consortionis Populorum]] sodalis, praeter alias internationales consociationes velut [[Consociatio ex pacto Atlantico Septentrionali|Consociationem ex pacto Atlantico Septentrionali]]. Canada duas habet [[lingua publica|linguas publicas]]: [[lingua Anglica|Anglicam]] et [[lingua Francogallica|Francogallicam]]; hac ultima [[Quebecum]] praesertim utitur. Parlamentum praecipue a quattuor principalium factionum sodalibus formatur, quarum [[Factio Liberalis Canadae|Factio Liberalis]] praecipua per plerosque ultimos annos fuit, etenim [[natura]]lis factio dominativa appellatur. [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis Americae]] meridie et occidenti ([[Alasca]]e, cum qua longam amicitiam fecit) finitima est. [[Groenlandia]] ([[Dania|Danica]] possessio) et [[insulae Sancti Petri et Miquelonensis]] ([[Francia|Francicae]]) quoque prope sunt. [[Fasciculus:Plaine abraham quebec.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|[[Planities Abrahami]] prope Urbem Quebeci.]] == Historia == Primi fines Canadae incoluerunt [[Indi Americani|gentes aboriginales]], hodie [[Primae Nationes]] dictae, vel ita a [[Deus|deo suo]] dispositi (ut ab ipsis traditur) vel ab [[Asia]] per [[pons terrenus|pontem terrenum]] Americam circa 10 000 a.C.n. ingressi.<!--revera?--> Plurimas civitates hic floruisse, occidisse, bellavisse tot per saecula credere licet, vatibus haud carentes sacris, sed in [[historia]]s hominum rare memoratas. Plurimae exstant, inter quas gens [[Iroquii|Irocica]], [[Crei|Creea]], [[Haidae|Haida]]. [[Vicingi]] [[Leivus Erici filius|Leivo Erici filio]] duce partem [[Terra Nova et Labrador|Terrae Novae]] circa annum [[1000]] invenerunt, quam [[Vinlandia]]m appellaverunt breviterque [[Ansa Pratensis|Ansam Pratensem]] incoluerunt; denique fame sitique depulsi sunt et in [[Islandia]]m regressi. Post Vicingos, exploraverunt [[litus]] Atlanticum Canadae [[Ioannes Cabottus]] (anno [[1497]]) et [[Iacobus Cartier]] (annis [[1534]]–[[1542]]), hic pro [[rex|rege]] [[Francia|Francorum]], ille pro rege [[Anglia|Anglorum]]. Cartier [[urbs|urbem]] [[Hochelaga]]e visitavit [[colonia]]mque prope urbem [[Stadacona]]e condidit, cui nomen ''[[Quebecum|Quebeci]]'' dedit. A civibus Stadaconae nomen traxit Canada, nam [[vocabulum]] ''kanata'' [[linguae Iroquesiae|Iroquesice]] 'villa' vel 'vicus' valet, quo nomine cives urbem suam designaverunt; Cartier tamen, linguae Iroquesiae inscitus, hoc nomen false [[regio]]nem totam significare putavit. [[Fasciculus:Jacques Cartier 1851-1852.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|[[Iacobus Cartier]].]] [[Colonia]]e a Cartier successoribusque suis positae, et in ripis [[Sancti Laurentii fluvius|Fluvii Sancti Laurentii]] et in [[litus|litoribus]] orientalibus [[America Septentrionalis|Americae Septentrionalis]], nomine ''[[Nova Francia|Novae Franciae]]'' creverunt. Incolae huius civitatis agros colebant, plurima [[commercium|commercia]] cum indigenis habebant (praecipue ut [[pellis|pelles]] emerent), nonnulla [[bellum|bella]] cum [[septem]] [[natio]]nibus [[Confoederatio Irocica|Confoederationis Irocicae]] gerebant. [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannicae]] [[colonia]]e in [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Atlantico]] [[litus|litore]] et [[Sinus Hudson|Sinu Hudsoniano]] et in [[Tredecim Coloniae|tredecim coloniis]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]] faciendis conditae sunt. Pugna pro territorio et novi [[continens|continentis]] dominio in variis bellis per [[saeculum|saecula]] [[saeculum 17|duodevicensima]] et [[saeculum 18|undevicensima]] erupit. Francia territoria progressive{{dubsig}} amisit, et denique Canadense territorium anno [[1763]], sub [[Foedus Lutetiae anni 1763|Foedere Lutetiae]], quod totum Canadense territorium Britannicam coloniam fecit. Post [[Bellum Libertatis Americanae|Bellum Libertatis Civitatum Foederatarum]], milia Britannorum Imperio fidelium tredecim [[colonia]]s reliquerunt ut Septentrionalibus Britannicis coloniis [[libertas|libertatem]] non declarantibus considerent, praecipue in [[Terra Nova]], [[Nova Scotia]], [[Quebecum|Quebeco]], et [[Insula Principis Eduardi]]. Ut fideles acciperentur, Britannica gubernatio colonia [[Novum Brunsvicum|Novi Brunsvici]] anno [[1784]] creavit, et Quebecum in [[provincia]]s anno [[1791]] duas divisit: [[Canada Superior|Canadam Superiorem]] et [[Canadam Inferior|Inferiorem]] (sive Canadam Orientalem et Occidentalem, hodie [[Ontario]]nem et [[Quebecum]]). Bellum anni [[1812]] inrupit cum vires [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] impetum in Britannicas vires fecerunt ut Britannicum dominium in [[America Septentrionalis|America Septentrionali]] minueretur. Aprili mense anni [[1814]] urbem Eboraci (hodie [[Torontum]]) usserunt; Britanni vicissim [[urbs|urbe]] [[Vasingtonia, C.C.|Vasingtonia]] per impetum atrocem usta [[Augustus|Augusto]] anni [[1814]] responderunt. Bellum [[Foedus Gandavense|Foedere Gandavensi]] [[December|Decembri]] anni [[1814]] obsignato finitum est. Duae provinciae Canadenses (Orientalis Occidentalisque) in Provincia Canadensi anno [[1840]] coniunctae sunt, ut Francicos Canadenses assimilare conarentur. Postquam [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] lineam parallelam 49 Septemtrionalem fines cum territorio nominato America Septemtrionali Britannica acciperent, Britannica gubernatio Provinciam [[Columbia Britannica|Columbiam Britannicam]] anno [[1848]] constituit. Decennium Provinciam Canadae secutum expeditiones misit ut septentriones explorarent dominiumque [[Terra Ruperti|Terrae Ruperti]] caperent, quae [[Societas Sinus Hudson et Arctici]] administrabatur. Inter annos [[1864]] et [[1866]], Americae Septemtrionalis Britannicae politici tres congressus fecerunt quorum propositum unionem foederalem creare erat. [[1 Iulii|Kalendis Iuliis]] anni [[1867]], tres coloniae, Canada, [[Nova Scotia]], et [[Novum Brunsvicum]] ius regale constitutioni (''British North America Act'') acceperunt, cum qua Dominium Canadae creatum est. Vox ''Confoederationis Canadensis'' ad hanc trium provinciarum coniunctionem attingit. Alia territoria et coloniae Britannicae cito ad confoederationem coniuncta sunt. Anno [[1880]] Canada omnibus hodiernis provinciis, exceptis Terra Nova et [[Labrador]]e, coniunctis anno [[1949]], iam formabatur. Anno [[1919]], Canada sodalis [[Societas Civitatum|Societatis Civitatum]] facta est, et anno [[1926]] suas coniunctiones cum rebus exteris per [[Declaratio Balfouriana|Declarationem Balfourianam]] omnino temperata est. Anno [[1931]], Statutum Vestmonasterii ut nullum decretum [[Parlamentum|Parlamenti]] [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britanici]] validum esset sine consensu Canadensium civium confirmavit (die quae principium libertatis Canadensis habetur). Appellationes ad consilium iudiciale Britannicum anno [[1949]] finitae sunt. Denique propria [[constitutio]] creata est (in actu constitutionis repatriatione nominato), cum Britannica gubernatio Decretum Canadae anno [[1982]] sanxit, [[libertas|libertatem]] Canadae constituens, quamquam dux civitatis Britannicae agnoscitur et civitas ad [[Consortio Populorum|Consortionem Populorum Britannicorum]] pertinet. Motus pro summa potestate [[Quebecum|Quebeci]] ut foederalis gubernatio duae plebis scita convocaret, anni [[1980]] et anni [[1995]], cum 60 centesimis et 50.6 centesimis contra provinciae [[libertas|libertatem]] fecit. Etiam [[decennium 197|decenniis 197]] et [[decennium 198|198]], [[Frons Liberationis Quebeci]] dissimiles actiones violentas libertatem [[Quebecum|Quebeci]] vindicantes ordinavit. == Politia == [[Fasciculus:Ottawa-parlement.jpg|thumb|Parabolamentum Canadense Ottavae.]] Canada est foederatio sub [[parabolamentarismus|systemate democratico parabolamentarioque]] et [[monarchia constitutionalis|monarchia constitutionali]], cuius [[monarcha]] dominator [[Carolus III (rex Britanniarum)|Carolus III]] Rex, [[dux Civitatis]] Canadensis, titulo Rex Canadae. Exsequitur praecipua ducis civitatis iura exsequitur [[Gubernator generalis Canadae|gubernator generalis]], qui generaliter politicus pensione fruens aut alius Canadensis excelsus a regina cum consilio primi ministri Canadensis nominatus est. Gubernator generalis haud factionalis figura cuius munus regiam adsensionem propositis legis emissis a [[Camera Communium Canadae|Camera Communium]] et [[Senatus Canadae|Senatu]] dare est, legendis locutionibus solii, obsignandis documentis civitatis, sollemniter aperiendis claudendisque parabolamenti sessionibus, et solvendo parabolamento ut [[comitia]] convocentur si opus sit. Tam gubernator generalis quam regina parvam veram potestatem habent quia creberrime sub [[dux Gubernationis|ducis gubernationis]], primi ministri, adsessione agunt. Sollemniter nominat gubernator generalis primum ministrum, saepissime dux [[factio politica|factionis]] cui est maximus scamnorum numerus in Camera Communium. [[Primus minister]] vicissim [[ministrorum consilium]] electum conventione inter sodales factionis primi ministri in Camera Communium aut Senatu nominat. [[Gubernatio]]nis [[Potestas legisfera|legisfer ramus]], [[Parlamentum Canadae|Parlamentum]], duas cameras habet: Camera Communium, cuius sodales democratice eliguntur, et Senatum, cuius sodales nominantur. Comitia Camerae Communium a gubernatore generali cum commendatione primi ministri, secundum suum arbitrium, convocantur, sed ante quinquennii periodum post ultima comitia evenienda sunt. Foederale Parabolamentum leges ferre solum de illis areis [[Constitutio]]ne indictis potest. Sunt in Canada tres politicae factiones praecipuae: [[Factio Liberalis Canadae]] (medii), [[Factio Conservativa Canadae]] (dextrae), et [[Nova Factio Democratica]] (laevae). Factio Liberalis Canadam per 32 ultimorum 42 annorum<!--Nunc, anno 2017?!--> gubernavit. Alia factio quae gubernavit est Factio Conservativa Progressistica et sua decessoria Factio Conservativa. Factio Conservativa Progressistica Foederi Canadensi sociatur ut Factio Conservativa Canadae, [[December|Decembri]] anni [[2003]] formetur. == Provinciae et Territoria Canadensia == [[Fasciculus:Canadarcticislands.gif|thumb|upright=0.7|left|Tabula insularum Canadae (Anglice signata).]] Canada [[foederatio]] decem [[provincia|provinciis]] et tribus [[territorium (pars administrativa)|territoriis]] componitur; etiam disponitur in [[regio]]nes. [[Canada Occidentalis]] in [[Columbia Britannica]] et [[Pratariae Canadienses|Pratariis]] ([[Alberta]], [[Saskatchewan]], [[Manitoba]]) consistit. [[Canada Media]] in [[Quebecum|Quebeco]] et [[Ontario]]ne consistit. [[Canada Atlantica]] in tribus [[Provinciae Maritimae|Provinciis Maritimis]] ([[Novum Brunsvicum|Novo Brunsvico]], [[Insula Principis Eduardi]], [[Nova Scotia]]) consistit, praeter [[Terra Nova et Terra Laboratoria|Terram Novam et Terram Laboratoriam]]. [[Canada Orientalis]] ad Canadam Mediam et [[Canada Atlantica|Canadam Atlanticam]] iunctas refert. Tria territoria ([[Iuconus (territorium)|Iuconus]], [[Territoria Septentrio-occidentalia]], [[Nunavut]]) [[Canada Septemtrionalis|Canadam Septemtrionalem]] constituunt. Provinciae [[Foederalismus Canadensis|magnum autonomiae gradum]] e foederali gubernatione, territoria aliquid minus habent. Singula [[Catalogus symbolorum provincialium et territorialium Canadiensium|provincialia et territorialia symbola]]. [[Fasciculus:Canada Provinces & Territories Latin.png|thumb|upright=0.8|Provinciae Canadae.]] Provinciae plerumque Canadensium socialium programmatum (velut [[curatio medica|curationis medicae]], [[educatio]]nis, [[opitulatio]]nis) responsales et iunctae magis ingressum pecuniarium conligunt quam foederalis gubernatio, fere structura singula inter foederationes in mundo. Sua impensoria potentia utens, foederalis gubernatio civitatis rationes in provinciis initiare potest, velut [[Lex Canadensis de Sanitate|Legem Canadensem de Sanitate]]; provinciae illas optare possunt, sed vix reapse faciunt. [[Mercedes aequationis]] federali gubernatione fiunt ut prudenter uniformes rationes diaconiarum et tributorum provideri inter opulentiores et pauperiores provincias firmentur. Singulae provinciae singulas unicamerales, electas legislaturas a [[Primus Minister|primum ministrum]] ([[Anglice]] ''premier''; [[Francogallice]] ''premier ministre''), eodem modo quam primo Canadae ministro selecto, ductas habent. Singula provincia etiam singulum [[Vicarius Gubernator|vicarium gubernatorem]] (Anglice ''lieutenant-governor''; Francogallice ''lieutenant-gouverneur'') [[Elizabeth II (regina Britanniarum)|reginam]] repraesentantem analogum gubernatoris generalis habet. Vicarius gubernator de commendatione primi Canadae ministri nominatur, sed cum crescentibus quantitatibus consiliorum provincialium gubernationum recentibus annis. {| class="wikitable" |- style="background: #efefef;" ! rowspan="2" | [[Provincia]] ! rowspan="2" | Postalis abbreviatio/<br />[[ISO 3166-2:CA|ISO code]] ! rowspan="2" | Aliae abbreviationes ! rowspan="2" | [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] ! rowspan="2" | Intravit Confoederationem ! rowspan="2" | Incolae<br />(2007)<ref>[http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/070628/d070628c.htm Statistics Canada Population Estimates (1 Aprilis 2007)]</ref> ! colspan="3" | [[Area (geometria)|Area]] (km²) |- ! Terra !! [[Aqua]] !! Totum |- ! [[Ontario]] | ON | Ont. | [[Torontum]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1867]] | colpos = "6" rowpos = "4" style="text-align: right;" | 12 753 702 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "4" style="text-align: right;" | 917 741 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "4" style="text-align: right;" | 158 654 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "4" style="text-align: right;" | 1 076 395 |- ! [[Quebecum]] | QC | Que., PQ, P.Q. | [[Quebecum urbs]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1867]] | colpos = "6" rowpos = "3" style="text-align: right;" | 7 687 068 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "3" style="text-align: right;" | 1 356 128 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "3" style="text-align: right;" | 185 928 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "3" style="text-align: right;" | 1 542 056 |- ! [[Nova Scotia]] | NS | N.S. | [[Halifaxia]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1867]] | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 932 966 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 53 338 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 1 946 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 55 284 |- ! [[Novum Brunsvicum]] | NB | N.B. | [[Fredericopolis]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1867]] | colpos = "6" rowpos = "2" style="text-align: right;" | 748 878 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "2" style="text-align: right;" | 71 450 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "2" style="text-align: right;" | 1 458 | colpos = "7" rowpos = "2" style="text-align: right;" | 72 908 |- ! [[Manitoba]] | MB | Man. | [[Vinnipega]] | [[15 Iulii]] [[1870]] | style="text-align: right;" | 1 182 921 | style="text-align: right;" | 553 556 | style="text-align: right;" | 94 241 | style="text-align: right;" | 647 797 |- ! [[Columbia Britannica]] | BC | B.C. | [[Victoria (urbs)|Victoria]] | [[20 Iulii]] [[1871]] | style="text-align: right;" | 4 352 798 | style="text-align: right;" | 925 186 | style="text-align: right;" | 19 549 | style="text-align: right;" | 944 735 |- ! [[Insula Principis Eduardi]] | PE | PEI, P.E.I., P.E. Island | [[Carolinapolis]] | [[1 Iulii]] [[1873]] | style="text-align: right;" | 138 800 | style="text-align: right;" | 5 660 | style="text-align: center;" | — | style="text-align: right;" | 5 660 |- ! [[Saskatchewan]] | SK | Sask., SSK, SKWN | [[Regina (Saskatchewan)|Regina]] | [[1 Septembris]], [[1905]] | style="text-align: right;" | 990 212 | style="text-align: right;" | 591 670 | style="text-align: right;" | 59 366 | style="text-align: right;" | 651 036 |- ! [[Alberta]] | AB | Alta. | [[Edmundopolis]] | [[1 Septembris]], [[1905]] | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 3 455 062 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 642 317 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 19 531 | colpos = "6" style="text-align: right;" | 661 848 |- ! [[Terra Nova et Labrador]] | NL | Nfld., NF, LB | [[Sanctus Ioannes Terrae Novae]] | [[31 Martii]] [[1949]] | style="text-align: right;" | 506 548 | style="text-align: right;" | 373 872 | style="text-align: right;" | 31 340 | style="text-align: right;" | 405 212 |} {| class="wikitable" |- style="background: #efefef;" ! rowspan="2" | Territorium ! rowspan="2" | Postalis abbreviatio/<br />[[ISO 3166-2:CA|ISO code]] ! rowspan="2" | Aliae abbreviationes ! rowspan="2" | Caput ! rowspan="2" | Intravit Confoederationem ! rowspan="2" | Incolae<br />(2007) ! colspan="3" | Area (km²) |- ! Terra !! Aqua !! Totum |- ! [[Territoria Septentrio-occidentalia|Territoria Boreo-Occidentalia]]<ref>William T. Stearn in libro ''Botanical Latin'' (Londinii, 1983, p. 208) dicit verbum Anglicum ''north-western'' Latine esse ''boreo-occidentalis.''</ref> | NT | N.W.T., NWT | [[Cultellus Flavus]] | [[15 Iulii]] [[1870]] | style="text-align: right;" | 41 795 | style="text-align: right;" | 1 183 085 | style="text-align: right;" | 163 021 | style="text-align: right;" | 1 346 106 |- ! [[Iuconus (territorium)|Iuconus]] | YT | Y.T., YK | [[Equus Albus]] | [[13 Iunii]] [[1898]] | style="text-align: right;" | 30 883 | style="text-align: right;" | 474 391 | style="text-align: right;" | 8 052 | style="text-align: right;" | 482 443 |- ! [[Nunavut]] | NU | NV | [[Iqaluit]] | [[1 Aprilis]] [[1999]] | style="text-align: right;" | 31 216 | style="text-align: right;" | 1 936 113 | style="text-align: right;" | 157 077 | style="text-align: right;" | 2 093 190 |} == Urbes maximi momenti == [[Fasciculus:Nwmp 1900.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Vigil]]es in Urbe Dawson Territorii [[Iuconus (territorium)Iuconi]], circa [[1900]].]] {{div col|2}} * [[Calgaria]] ([[Alberta]]) * [[Carolinapolis]] ([[caput (urbs)|caput]] Insulae Principis Eduardi) * [[Cultellus Flavus]] (caput [[Territoria Boreo-Occidentalia|Territoriorum Boreo-Occidentalium]]) * [[Edmundopolis]] (caput [[Alberta]]e) (sive ''Edmontonensis'') * [[Equus Albus]] (caput Iuconi) * [[Fredericopolis]] (caput Novae Brunsvici) * [[Halifaxia]] (caput [[Nova Scotia|Novae Scotiae]]) * [[Mons Regius]] (Quebecum) (sive ''Marianopolis, Villa Maria'') * [[Ottava]] ([[Ontario]]) (caput Canadae) * [[Iqaluit]] (caput Nunavutis) * [[Regiopolis(Ontario)|Regiopolis]] (Ontario) * [[Londinium (Ontario)|Londinium]] (Ontario) * [[Urbs Reginae|Regina]] (caput Saskatchewanis) * [[Sanctus Ioannes (Novum Brunsvicum)|Sanctus Ioannes]] (Novum Brunsvicum) * [[Sanctus Ioannes Terrae Novae]] (caput Terrae Novae et Terrae Laboratoriae) * [[Sascatuna]] (Saskatchewan) * [[Sinus Tonitralis]] ([[Ontario]]) * [[Quebecum urbs|Quebecum]] (caput [[Quebecum|Quebeci]]) * [[Toronto|Torontum]] (caput [[Ontario]]nis) * [[Vancuverium]] ([[Columbia Britannica]]) * [[Urbs Victoria|Victoria]] (caput [[Columbia Britannica|Columbiae Britannicae]]) * [[Vindesorium (Terra Nova et Terra Laboratoria)|Vindesorium]] (urbs in Terra Nova et Terra Laboratoria) * [[Vindesorium (Nova Scotia)|Vindesorium]] (urbs in Nova Scotia) * [[Vindesorium (Ontario)|Vindesorium]] (urbs in Ontarione) * [[Vindesorium (Quebecum)|Vindesorium]] (urbs in Quebeco) * [[Vinnipega]] (caput [[Manitoba]]e) {{div col end}} == Geographia == [[Fasciculus:Canada 35 bg 061904.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Consaeptum publicum Banffiense.]] Canada iniquissimum [[litus]] habet, cum multis [[insula|insulis]] magnitudinis, velut [[Insula Baffini]], [[Insula Victoria]], [[Insula Ellesmere]], [[Insula Banksiana]]; [[Terra Nova]] ante litus [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Atlanticum]] et [[insula Vancuverium]] ante [[Oceanus Pacificus|Pacifici]] litus est. Plane paralleli huius litoris [[Montes Saxosi]] se erigunt qui in [[mons Logan|monte Logan]] (6 050 m) prope fines [[Alasca]]nos culminant; paralleli litoris Atlantici Septemtrionales stapides [[montes Appalachiani|Appalachianorum]] sunt. Reliquum civitatis nominato [[Scutum Canadense|Scuto Canadensi]], saxeo pulpito copioso materiarum primarum, et [[silva|silvis]] latis et pratis fecundis formatur. Principalia [[flumen|flumina]] sunt [[flumen Mackenzie|Mackenzie]] cum multis accolis, [[Sanctus Laurentius (flumen)|Sanctus Laurentius]], [[Nelson (flumen)|Nelson]], [[Churchill (flumen)|Churchill]], [[Churchill (flumen Laboratoriae)|Churchill]] alter et [[Fraser (flumen)|Fraser]]. Cum [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatibus Foederatis]] partitur quattuor ex quinque [[Lacus Magni|Magnis Americae Septemtrionalis Lacubus]] [[lacus Superior|Superiorem]], [[lacus Huronorum|Huronorum]], [[lacus Eriarum|Eriarum]], [[Andiatrocus lacus|Andiatrocum]]; alii magni Canadenses lacus sunt [[Lacus Ursinus magnus]], [[Lacus servorum maior]], [[lacus Vinnipega]]. Aliud flumen notior est propter casus [[aqua]]rum quam propter se ipsum: [[Niagara]] et suae [[aqua cadens|aquae cadentes]]. == Oeconomia == Canada est [[technologia|technologice]] progressa{{dubsig}} et [[industria]]lizata civitas. Quarta mundi civitas secundum [[Indicatorium Decursus Humani]] [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociationis Nationum]] (anno [[2004]]) post [[Norvegia]]m, [[Suecia]]m, [[Australia]]m, et valde autosufficiens{{dubsig}} in eo quod attinet ad [[energia]]m, ob lata deposita carburantium fossilium, generationem [[energia nuclearis|energiae nuclearis]] et [[vis hydroelectrica|vim hydroelectricam]] est. Sua [[oeconomia]] usitate in [[commercium|commercio]] et copia [[opes naturales|opium naturalium]] fundata est. Quamquam moderna Canadae oeconomia nuper multo diversificata{{dubsig}} est, opium naturalium usus ponderis vis motoria multarum regionalium oeconomiarum adhuc est. Canada est pars [[Foedus Liberi Commercii Americae Septemtrionalis|Foederis Liberi Commercii Americae Septemtrionalis]], iuxta cum [[CFA|Civitatibus Foederatis]] et [[Mexicum|Mexico]]. Sui principales socii commerciales sunt hae duae civitates et [[Res publica popularis Sinarum]]. == Demographia == [[Fasciculus:Cntower2.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Torontum|Toronti]], in [[Ontario]]ne, [[panorama]] urbanum cum [[Turris CN|Turri CN]]. Torontum est populosissima{{dubsig}} Canadae [[area metropolitana]], cum 5&thinsp;113&thinsp;149 hominum.]] Canadensis anni [[2011]] [[census]] in tota civitate 33&thinsp;476&thinsp;688 [[incola]]rum computabat. Incolarum incrementum [[immigratio]]ni et, minore modo, naturali incremento debetur. Circa tres quartas Canadensium partes in 150 chiliometris (90 milia passuum) e finibus [[CFA|Civitatum Foederatarum]] colunt. Similis proportio [[area urbana|areas urbanas]]{{dubsig}} in [[Andron inter Stenopolem et Vindesorium|Andro inter Stenopolem et Vindesorium]] (notabiliter in Maiore [[Solea Aurea]] [[Torontum]] et aream, [[Mons Regius|Montem Regium]] et [[Ottava]]m includente), in [[Continens Columbiae Britannicae|Continente Columbiae Britannicae]] (quae in regione [[Vancuverium]] circumdante consistit) et in [[Andron inter Calgariam et Edmundopolem|Andro inter Calgariam et Edmundopolem]] in Alberta densatas colit. Secundum censum anni [[2001]], triginta quattuor ethnici globi sunt, cum saltem 100 000 hominum singuli, sum{{dubsig}} 83% incolarum se [[Phyle Caucasia|Caucasios]] declarantium. Maximus ethnicus globus est [[Angli|Anglus]] (20.2%), quem [[Francia|Francogallicus]] (15.8%), [[Scotia|Scoti]] (15.1%), [[Hibernia|Hibernii]] (12.9%), [[Germania|Theodisci]] (9.3%), [[Italia]]ni (4.3%), [[Sina (regio)|Sini]] (3.7%), [[Ucraina|Ucraini]] (3.6%), et [[Indi Americani|Primae Gentes]] (3.4%) sequuntur; 40 centesimae respondentium suam ethnicitatem "Canadensem" identificant.{{dubsig}} Canadenses [[Indi Americani|aborigines]] incolae fere bis rapidiores quam Cabnadiensis media augent. Anno 2001, 13.4 centesimae incolarum ad haud autochthones [[allophylus visibilis|allophylos visibiles]] pertinebant. Anno 2001, 49 centesimae [[Vancuverium (Columbia Britannica)|Vancuveriensium]] et 42.8 centesimae [[Torontum|Torontanorum]] [[allophylus visibilis|allophyli visibiles]] erant. Martio anni 2005, [[Rationarium Canada]] (Anglice ''Statistics Canada''; Francice ''Statistique Canada'') haud [[Europa]]eae originis homines pleriquos Toronti et Vancuverii circa annum [[2012]] constitutos esse proiecit. Secundum Rationarii Canadae praevisiones, allophylorum visibilium in Canada numerus circa annum [[2017]] duplicari exspectatur. Scheda interrogatoria anno [[2007]] facta propemodum unum quorumque quinque Canadensium (19.8%) natum esse in aliena patria revelat. Fere 60 centesimae novorum immigrantium ex [[Asia]] (incluso [[Oriens Medius|Oriente Medio]]) proveniunt. Canada maximum immigrationis indicem per capita in mundo habet, oeconomico consilio et familiari reunificatione ductum; Canada magnam fugitorum quantitatem etiam accepit. Nuper adventi praesertim in principalibus urbanis areis Toronti, Vancuverii, et Montis Regii considunt. [[Pluralismus religiosus|Pluralismi religiosi]] favor praecipua pars Canadensis politicae culturae. Secundum anni 2001 censum, 77.1 centesimae Canadensium se [[Religio Christiana|Christianum]] identificat quorum, [[Ecclesia Catholica|Catholici]] maximum circulum (43.6% Canadensium) constituunt. Principalis [[Protestantes|Protestantica]] denominatio [[Ecclesia Unita Canadensis]] est. Circa 16.5 centesimae Canadensium nullam religiosam affiliationem declarat, et relictum 6.3 centesimae affiliatur ad alias religiones haud Christianas, quarum praecipua [[Religio Islamica]] cum 1.9 centesimis incolarum et postea [[Religio Iudaica]] cum 1.1 centesimae est. Canadensia provinciae et territoria responsalia{{dubsig}} educationis sunt. Singulum systema simile est sed singulem regionalem historiam, culturam et geographiam ostendit. Obligatoriae scholae aetas de quinto aut septimo anno usque ad decimum sextum aut decimum octavum annum extenditur, quod adultae alphabetizationis indici 99 centesimas contribuit. Postsecundaria educatio a provincialibus et territorialibus gubernationibus etiam administratur, pecuniam publicam praebentibus; foederalis gubernatio additionalia investigationis concessa, mutua studentium et stipendia administrat. Anno 2002, 43% Canadensium inter 25 et 64 annos natorum postsecundariam educationem habuere; eis inter 25 ad 34 annos natis postsecundaria eruditio 51 centesimas attingit. == Linguae == [[Fasciculus:Old Port of Montreal (French- Vieux-Port de Montréal).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Incolae [[Mons Regius|Montis Regii]], in [[Quebecum|Quebeco]] praecipue [[lingua Francogallica|Francophoni]] sunt, cum grave communitate [[lingua Anglica|Anglophona]].]] Sunt Canadae duae [[lingua publica|linguae publicae]], [[lingua Anglica]] et [[lingua Francogallica]]. [[Publicus Bilinguismus in Canada]] [[lex]] est, in [[Charta Canadensis Iurum et Libertatum|Charta Canadensi Iurum et Libertatum]], [[Lex Linguarum Publicarum|Lege Linguarum Publicarum]], et ''Regulationibus Linguae Publicae'' definitus; quae a [[Curator Linguarum Publicarum|Curatore Linguarum Publicarum]] applicantur. Linguae Anglica et Francogallica eundem statum in foederalibus tribunalibus, in Parlamento, et in foederalibus institutis habent. Homines [[ius]], si postulatio sufficiens est, foederalis gubernationis diaconiarum seu Anglice seu Francogallice accipiendarum habent et publicae linguae allophylli praestatas{{dubsig}} suas proprias scholas in omnibus provinciis et territoriis habent. Anglica et Francogallica linguae [[patrius sermo|patrii sermones]] 59.7 centesimae et 23.2 centesimae incolarum proprie, et linguae fabulatissimae{{dubsig}} domi a 68.3 centesimae et 22.3 centsimae incolarum sunt. Fere 98.5 centesimae Canadensium Anglice et Francogallice utuntur (67.5% Anglice solum loquitur, 13.3% Francogallice solum loquitur, et 17.7% ambabus loquitur). Communitates Linguarum Sollemnium Anglicae et Francogallicae, Prima Lingua Sollemnis Locuta definitae, 73 centesimas et 23.6 centesimas incolarum proprie constituunt. Quamquam 85 centesimae Francophonorum Canadensium Quebecum colit, substantiales{{dubsig}} Francophoni circuli in [[Ontario]]ne, [[Alberta]] et Meridionali [[Manitoba]], cum [[Acadia|Acadiis]] incolis in Septemtrionalibus et Notorientalibus partibus [[Novum Brunsvicum|Novi Brunsvici]] 35 centesimae provinciae hominum constituentibus, quoque et cum concentrationibus<ref>Ernestus Gotthold Struve D., ''Paradoxum chymicum sine igne'', Ienae, 1715, apud Ernestum Claudium Bailliar, p. 55. [http://books.google.com.br/books?id=s8MPAAAAQAAJ&pg=PT62&lpg=PT62&dq=concentrationibus&source=bl&ots=g6-lXUDh65&sig=_LFxoUn2xECZDsD0_jbEtnhzhIk&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ei=hfdfT8_FCOni0QHy2tynBw&sqi=2&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=concentrationibus&f=false] [[Libri Googles]] {{Ling|Latine}}</ref> in Notoccidentali [[Nova Scotia]] et in [[Insula Promontorii Armoricani]]. Ontario maximum Francophonum circulum extra Quebecum habet. [[Charta Linguae Francogallicae]] in Quebeco linguam Francogallicam unam sollemnem in Quebeco facit, et Novum Brunsvicum una provincia sollemnis bilinguismi affirmationem in constitutione habens est. Aliae provinciae linguas sollemnes ut tales non habent, sed Francogallica lingua disciplinae, in tribunalibus, et aliis gubernationis diaconiis iuxta cum Anglica utuntur. Manitoba, Ontario et Quebecum Anglice et Francogallice in provincialibus legislaturis loqui permittunt et leges in ambabus linguis promulgantur. In Ontarione lingua Francogallica aliquid legalis status habet sed omnino cosollemnis non est. Aliquae aboriginales [[lingua publica|linguam publicam]] in [[Territoria Septentrio-occidentalia|Territoriis Septemtrio-Occidentalibus]] statum habent. [[Linguae Escimaicae|Lingua Inuctitutica]] maioritaria lingua in Nunavut et una ex tribus linguis in territorio sollemnium{{dubsig}} est. Haud publicae linguae ponderis sunt in Canada, cum 5&thinsp;202&thinsp;245 hominum una earum sermonem patrium enumerantium. Nonnulli significantes haud publici sermones patrii [[lingua Sinica|linguam Sinicam]] (853&thinsp;745 ut primo sermone loquentium), [[Lingua Italiana|linguam Italianam]] (469&thinsp;485), [[lingua Theodisca]]m (438&thinsp;080), et [[lingua Puniabica|linguam Puniabicam]] comprehendunt. == Sententia == "A mari usque ad mare" ([[Psalmus 72]]:8). {{NexInt}} * [[Archipelagus Arcticus]] * [[Canadenses Francogallici]] * [[Communio Anglicana]] *[[Historia Canadae]] * [[Litterae Canadae]] * [[Nova Francia]] * [[Poesis Canadae]] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Canada|Canadam}} * [http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/qview1.html Dioeceses Canadenses] {{America}} {{Consortio Populorum}} {{Capsae collectae|Canada|politica|{{Primi ministri Canadae}}{{Ministri rerum externarum Canadenses}}{{Consilium Canadense Iustini Trudeau}}}} {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Geographia}} {{FA stella}} [[Categoria:Canada| ]] [[Categoria:Civitates sui iuris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1867]] [[Categoria:Monarchiae constitutionales]] [[Categoria:Monarchiae foederales]] euaqyiljxgj9nbad341jrx4t69gri7p Proteina 0 858 3986321 3980267 2026-09-07T07:02:08Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986321 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:ProteinStructures.png|thumb|Quattuor structurae proteinorum: structura primaria, secundaria (vel lamina vel helix), tertiaria, quaternaria.]] {{res|Proteina}}<ref>{{*Cfr}} “{{omissis}} lipoides, alcaloides, carboidrata et tandem {{lectio|proteinae}}, quae sunt precipua componentia substantiae viventis”, apud {{Opus | cognomen = Selvaggi | nomen = Philippus | titulus = Cosmologia | annus = 1959 | pagina = 279 | locus = [[Roma]]e | domus editoria = [[Pontificia Universitas Gregoriana]] | url = https://archive.org/details/COSMOLOGIA_201704/page/n139/mode/2up?view=theater }}.</ref><ref>{{*Cfr}} “Quomodocumque huius classis moleculae in Terra DNA catenae sunt: illae non solum a se denuo aeque faciendi potentiam habent verum etiam synthesi {{lectio|proteinarum}} ...”, apud {{Opus | cognomen = Burucúa | nomen = José Emilio | titulus = Enciclopedia B-S | annus = 2020 | pagina = 233 | domus editoria = Editorial Periferica | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=N1sGEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT233&lpg=PT233 | isbn = 9788418264757 }}.</ref><ref>{{*Cfr}} “Sperant periti scientiae physicae se ita atomorum ordinem in metallis magneticis, habitum materiei singulariter compressae aut torrefactae, moleculas ''proteinarum'' et viri &#91;virus, -i&#93; alicuius perspecturos esse, vel quomodo in socolata conficienda moleculae migrent”, apud {{Opus | cognomen = Novocomensis | nomen = Herimannus | titulus = De Adamante et socolata | annus = 2006 | domus editoria = Ephemeris | url = http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2006/nuntius1.php?id=117 | tempus inspectionis = 2023-04-13 }}.</ref><ref>{{Opus | cognomen = Novocomensis | nomen = Herimannus | titulus = De materiis ad curandum aptis, quae a cellulis stamineis emanantur | annus = 2004 | domus editoria = Ephemeris | url = http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2004/cultus/scientiae/index.php | tempus inspectionis = 2023-04-13 }}.</ref><ref name="NH">Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FICAT) (2005). ''Terminologia Histologica. International terms for human cytology and histology.'' Philadelphia/Baltimore/New York/London/Buenos Aires/Hong Kong/Sydney/Tokyo: Wolter Kluwers-Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.</ref> ({{pns|ae|f|proteina}}) vel '''polypeptidum'''<ref>{{LLHL26 ref|Peptid|269}</ref> sive {{res|polypeptidis}}<ref>{{*Cfr}} “We propose as the genus name Peptidiphaga (Pep.ti.di.pha’.ga. N.L. n. {{lectio|''peptidis'', ''-is''}}, peptide; Gr. fem. n. ''phaga'', ''-ae'', eater; N.L. fem. n. Peptidiphaga, peptide eater)” apud {{Opus | cognomen 1 = Beall | nomen 1 = Clifford J. | cognomen 2 = Mokrzan | nomen 2 = Elaine M. | cognomen 3 = Griffen | nomen 3 = Ann L. | cognomen 4 = Leys1 | nomen 4 = Eugene J. | titulus = Cultivation of Peptidiphaga gingivicola from subgingival plaque: the first representative of a novel genus of Actinomycetaceae | contextus = Molecular Oral Microbiology | volumen = 33 | fasciculus = 1 | annus = 2018 | mensis = 2 | paginae = 105-110 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5771945/ | doi = 10.1111/omi.12205 }}.</ref> est [[compositum chemicum]] [[organismus|organicum]] ex [[acidum aminicum|acidis aminicis]] ([[formula chemica]] [[ion|ionizata]]: {{chem|NH|3|+|}}-R-CO{{chem|O|-|}}) [[vinculum peptidicum|vinculis peptidicis]] inter se iunctis constans. Quae saepe plus quam centum in una [[molecula]] inveniuntur. Quia ex partium similium repetitione factae sunt proteinae [[polymerum|polymera]] dicuntur vel etiam rectius ''copolymera''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250910045640/https://fr.differkinome.com/articles/organic-chemistry/difference-between-polymer-and-copolymer.html Quid intersit inter polymerum et copolymerum?]. Copolymera et heteropolymera [[Synonymia|synonima]] sunt.</ref> quia non ex eadem parte (''meros'') semper repetita constant sed e parvo numero (viginti in corpore humano) aminoacidum quoddam ad unumquemque locum in catena eligitur ita ut multitudo proteinarum ex illis viginti partibus creari possit, longitudine et compositione differentium. Proteinae ex mandatis [[Acidum nucleicum|acidorum nucleïcorum]] formatae vitae fundamentum sunt. == De origine nominis == ''Proteina'' est forma Latina deducta ex vocabulo Francogallico ''protéine'' a [[Gerardus Johannes Mulder|G. J. Mulder]] ficto. Praecepit enim Mulder [[Lingua Graeca|Graecum]] adiectivum, q.e. {{Polytonic|πρωτεῖος}} 'primarius', huic vocabulo subesse.<ref>''Bulletin des sciences physiques en Néerlande'' 1838: 111.</ref> Vide quoque nomen Graecum proteinae, πρωτεΐνη. == De vinculo peptidico == Aminoacida et gregem aminum NH<sub>2</sub> et gregem [[Acidum carboxylicum|carboxylum]] COOH praebent (e.g. [[glycinum]] NH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>COOH): quocirca moleculae hybridae dici possunt, et [[acidum|acidae]] et basicae. Vinculum peptidicum oritur, cum [[Acidum carboxylicum|carboxylica acida]] et [[aminum|amina]] in aqua inter se [[Reactio chemica|reagunt]] et [[Amidum|amida]] vel peptida formant per [[Condensatio|condensationem]], dimissa molecula aquae secundum reactionem infrascriptam: * R-COOH + NH<sub>2</sub>-R → R-CONH-R + H<sub>2</sub>O. == De proteinis in organismis == Proteinae in [[cellula|cellulis]] duobus muneribus praecipuis funguntur sive ipsi [[Structurae|structurae]] aliquid conferentes aut [[catalysis|catalytico]] more [[Metabolismus|metabolismo]] necessariae: tum [[Enzymum|enzyma]] appellantur. Quamobrem maxime necessariae sunt proteinae vitae. Natura et functio proteinarum ex ordine radicalium aminicorum in catena peptidica pendet, necnon quantitate uniuscuiusque horum radicalium. Ergo omnis cellula suo [[ARN]] et [[ADN]] utitur ad proteinas efficientes creandas (sed ipsum ADN duplicatum aut traductum e proteinis quibusdam pendet). Proteinae, quae cum cellulis corpusculisve aliis per [[agglutinatio (biologia)|''agglutinationem'']] aggregantur, [[agglutinina|''agglutininae'']] nominantur. == De quattuor proteinarum structuris == Proteinis describendis quattuor structurae gradus vulgo considerantur. Structura primaria est aminoacidorum sequentia ita ut ex [[ARN]] traductione oritur. Structura secundaria sunt certae formae in quas catenae partes sponte struantur ut [[Helix|helices]] α et foliola β. Structura tertiaria quomodo tota catena se replicet spectatː ita sunt aliae proteinae globosae, aliae fibrosae. Structura quaternaria fit cum plures catenae peptidicae coniunguntur ad proteinam agentem efficiendam, sive omnes catenae eaedem sint sive varientur. Ita [[Haemoglobinum|haemoglobinum]] [[Polymerum|heterotetramerum]] esse dicitur quia e quattuor (''tetra''-) partibus (-''merum'') constat quae dissimiles inveniuntur (''hetero'')ː sunt enim duae catenae alpha et duae catenae beta in hac proteina. Nonnumquam pars non proteica additur ut [[Haeme|haeme]] in haemoglobina quod [[Oxygenium|oxygenum]] ligat et moleculae muneri necessarium est. {{NexInt}} {{div col|3}} *[[Actinum]] *[[Aminoacidum]] *[[Anticorpus]] * [[Apparatus Golgianus]] * [[C-Fos]] * [[Canalis ionticus]] * [[Ceratinum]] * [[Corpusculum Leweyi]] * [[Collagenum]] * [[DNA]] * [[Enzymum]] * [[Glycoproteinum]] * [[Myosinum]] * [[Proteina tau]] * [[Proteostasis]] * [[Receptorium proteino G copulatum]] * [[RNA]] * [[Signum transductus]] * [[Substantia P]] * [[Tubulinum]] * [[Ubiquitinum]] * [[Vitaminum]] {{div col end}} == Notae == <references/> [[Categoria:Biochemia]] [[Categoria:Biologia molecularis]] [[Categoria:Proteinae|!]] {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Biologia}} qubjjgtahmy23mvqb30dniz54bp2w6z Paestum 0 2125 3986188 3965815 2026-09-06T16:12:35Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{charta locatrix |Italiae |label= Paestum |lat_deg = 40 |lat_min = 25 |lon_deg = 15|lon_min = 0 |caption=Paestum in [[Italia]] }} [[Fasciculus:Aerial image of Paestum (view from the south).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Templa Paesti.]] '''Paestum''',<ref name=Plin>[[Gaius Plinius Secundus]], [[Naturalis historia (Plinius)|Naturalis historia]] [http://latin.packhum.org/loc/978/1/241/272-279,289-298@1#241 3.71].</ref> olim '''Posidonia'''<ref name=Plin/> (Ποσειδωνία) dicta, fuit [[urbs]] in [[Lucania]] ad [[mare Tyrrhenum]] sita. [[Antiquitas|Antiquitate]] celebrabatur propter [[rosa]]s, quae uno anno bis nascebantur; itaque [[Vergilius]] "biferique rosaria Paesti" cecinit.<ref>Publius Vergilius Maro, ''[[Georgica (Vergilius)|Georgica]]'' [http://latin.packhum.org/loc/690/2/3/5483-5507 4.119].</ref> Urbs condita est nomine ''Posidonia'' a [[colonus|colonis]] [[Graecia|Graecis]], ab urbe [[Sybaris|Sybari]] profectis, exeunte [[saeculum 7 a.C.n.|saeculo VII a.C.n.]], mature a [[Lucani]]s capta et Παιστός nominata, ad quam anno [[273 a.C.n.]] [[Romani]] coloniam [[Latium|Latinam]] Paestum deduxerunt. [[Saeculum 5|Saeculo V p.C.n.]] vel ante [[episcopatus|sedes episcopalis]] (nunc titularis) ibi factus est, sed paulatim [[portus]] limo oppletus est, et ob aërem minus salubrem coepit incolarum numerus imminui adeo ut prope deserta fieret; a [[Saraceni]]s denique est eversa.<ref>{{Forcellini}}.</ref> In ruinis Paesti iacent tria [[templum|templa]], circiter inter [[600 a.C.n.|600]] et [[450 a.C.n.]] constructa, quae [[ordo Doricus|Doricae]] [[architecturae]] formam prae se ferunt et [[Hera|Iunone]], [[Minerva]]e, et [[Zeus|Iove]] aut [[Apollo|Apollini]] dicata sunt (olim [[scriptor]]es haec aliter interpretabantur). [[Moenia]] et [[amphitheatrum]] plerumque integra sunt, et exstant vestigia aliorum [[aedificium|aedificiorum]] et [[via strata|viarum stratarum]].<ref>Anna (Pavia) Muggia et Michael Lesky, [http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e1006130 "Poseidonia, Paistos, Paestum"], in ''[[Brill’s New Pauly]]'', ed. Hubert Cancik et Helmuth Schneider, 2006.</ref> Hodie Paestum est pars [[commune|communis]] [[Calpatium-Paestum|Calpatii-Paesti]] in [[provincia Salernitana]]. Variae reliquiae in Museo Nationali Archaeologico Paestano conservantur. {{NexInt}} * [[Architectura Graeca]] == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{Cite book|year=2004|title=The Greek Cities of Magna Graecia and Sicily|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fH32nSiCue0C&pg=PA62|others=Translated from Italian by the J. Paul Getty Trust|location=Los Angeles, CA|publisher=Getty Publications|editor-last=Cerchiai|editor1-last=Cerchiai|editor2-last=Jannelli|editor3-last=Longo|editor-first=Luca|editor1-first=Luca|editor2-first=Lorena|editor3-first=Fausto|isbn=978-0-89236-751-1|ref=harv}} * Ceserani, Giovanna, ''Italy's Lost Greece: Magna Graecia and the Making of Modern Archaeology'', 2012, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-987679-2, [https://books.google.com/books?id=mWVpAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA60 Google books] * {{Cite journal|last=Amato|first=Vincenzo|year=2009|title=Geomorphology and geoarchaeology of the Paestum area: modifications of the physical environment in historical times|url=http://mediterranee.revues.org/3376|journal=Méditerranée|issue=112|doi=10.4000/mediterranee.3376|DOI=10.4000/mediterranee.3376}} * {{Cite book|last=Bunbury|first=Edward Herbert|year=1854|title=Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DP%3Aentry+group%3D1%3Aentry%3Dpaestum-geo|chapter=Paestum|editor-last=Smith|editor-first=William}} * {{Cite book|last=Cipriani|first=Marina|year=1996|title=The Lucanians in Paestum|series=Sirene|volume=1|location=Paestum|publisher=Fondazione Paestum|isbn=978-88-86884-02-0}} * {{Cite book|last=Greco|first=Emanuele|year=2006|title=Archaeological and Historical Guide to the Excavations, the Museum and the Antiquities of Poseidonia and Paestum|location=Taranto|publisher=Scorpione editrice}} * {{Cite book|last=Greco|first=Emanuele|year=1993|title=Paestum: A Guide with Reconstructions of Ancient Monuments|series=Past & Present|volume=171|publisher=Vision SRL|language=Italiane|isbn=978-88-8162-016-6}} * {{Cite book|last=Higginbotham|first=James|year=2012|title=The Encyclopedia of Ancient History|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah16104/abstract|chapter=Paestum (Poseidonia)|publisher=Blackwell Publishing Ltd|doi=10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah16104|DOI=10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah16104|isbn=978-1-4443-3838-6|access-date=5 November 2013|accessdate=5 November 2013}} * {{Cite book|last=Horsnaes|first=Helle W.|year=2002|title=The Cultural Development in North Western Lucania c. 600–273 BC|series=Analecta Romana Instituti Danici Supplementum|volume=28|location=Rome|publisher=L'Erma di Bretschneider|isbn=978-88-8265-194-7}} * {{Cite book|last=Pedley|first=John Griffiths|year=1990|title=Paestum: Greek and Romans in Southern Italy|url=https://archive.org/details/paestumgreeksrom0000pedl|series=New Aspects of Antiquity|location=London, England|publisher=Thames & Hudson|isbn=978-0-500-39027-6}} * Strabo, ''Geographica'' [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Strab.%206.1 6.1] * Wilton-Ely, John, ''The Mind and Art of Giovanni Battista Piranesi'', 1978, Thames & Hudson, London, ISBN 0-500-09122-6 * {{Cite journal|last=Wonder|first=John W.|year=2002|title=What Happened to the Greeks in Lucanian-Occupied Paestum? Multiculturalism in Southern Italy|journal=Phoenix|volume=56|issue=1/2|pages=40–55|jstor=1192469|JSTOR=1192469}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130106101232/http://www.museopaestum.beniculturali.it/ Situs Musei Archaeologicum Nationalis Paestani] {{ling|Italiane|Anglice}} * [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0006:entry=paestum De Paesto] in ''The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites'' (1976) {{ling|Anglice}} [[Categoria:Coloniae Romanae]] [[Categoria:Fractiones in Provincia Salernitana]] [[Categoria:Loci hereditatis mundialis in Italia]] [[Categoria:Loci olim habitati Italiae]] [[Categoria:Paestum]] 7aidku6437r9db24q3eunv2ugrpifl2 Noam Chomsky 0 3284 3986271 3978072 2026-09-06T23:13:51Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Abraham Noam Chomsky''' ({{IPA|[ˈnoʊm ˈtʃɒmski]}}; natus ''Avram Noam Chomsky'' [[Philadelphia]]e die [[7 Decembris]] [[1928]]) est [[Linguistica|linguista]] [[CFA|Americanus]] [[philosophia]]e<ref name="szabo">[http://chomsky.info/bios/2004----.htm Zoltán Gendler Szabó, "Noam Chomsky,"] in ''Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers, 1860–1960'', ed. Ernest Lepore (2004). "Chomsky's intellectual life had been divided between his work in linguistics and his political activism, philosophy coming as a distant third. Nonetheless, his influence among analytic philosophers has been enormous because of three factors. First, Chomsky contributed substantially to a major methodological shift in the human sciences, turning away from the prevailing empiricism of the middle of the twentieth century: behaviorism in psychology, structuralism in linguistics and positivism in philosophy. Second, his groundbreaking books on syntax (Chomsky (1957, 1965)) laid a conceptual foundation for a new, cognitivist approach to linguistics and provided philosophers with a new framework for thinking about human language and the mind. And finally, he has persistently defended his views against all takers, engaging in important debates with many of the major figures in analytic philosophy."</ref> [[Scientia cognitiva|scientiarumque cognitivarum]] peritus, qui etiam [[activismus|activismo politico]] incumbit. Chomsky [[professor instituti]] est et [[professor]] [[emeritus]] ordinis linguisticae et philosophiae apud [[Massachusettense Institutum Technologiae|MIT]], ubi plus quinquaginta annos munere fungitur.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/linguistics/people/faculty/chomsky/index.html |title=MIT Department of Linguistics: People: Faculty: Noam Chomsky |publisher=Web.mit.edu |date= |accessdate=16 Augusti 2011}}</ref> Chomsky "pater linguisticae contemporaneae" dictus est,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/200307140016 |title=Great thinkers of our time – Noam Chomsky|accessdate=2 Augusti 2008|last=Clark|first=Neil|date=14 Iulii 2003|publisher=[[New Statesman]]|quote=Regarded as the father of modern linguistics, founder of the field of transformational-generative grammar, which relies heavily on logic and philosophy.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/05/arts/a-changed-noam-chomsky-simplifies.html|title=A Changed Noam Chomsky Simplifies|last=Fox|first=Margalit|date=5 Decembris 1998|publisher=New York Times|quote= Noam Chomsky, father of modern linguistics and the field's most influential practitioner}}</ref><ref>Thomas Tymoczko, Jim Henle, James M. Henle, ''Sweet Reason: A Field Guide to Modern Logic'' (Birkhäuser, 2000), p. 101.</ref> atque magnus [[Philosophia analytica|philosophiae analyticae]] auctor.<ref name="szabo"/> Opera eius ad doctrinas scientificas (sicut [[informatica]]m, [[mathematica]]m, [[psychologia]]m) multum contulerunt.<ref>{{cite book | authorlink = Michael Sipser | author = Michael Sipser | year = [[1997]] | title = Introduction to the Theory of Computation | url = https://archive.org/details/introductiontoth00sips | publisher = PWS Publishing | isbn = 053494728X}}.</ref><ref name="UMN Cognitive Science">{{cite web|url=http://www.cogsci.umn.edu/OLD/calendar/past_events/millennium/final.html |title=The Cognitive Science Millennium Project |publisher=Cogsci.umn.edu]}}</ref> Chomsky, insignis [[cultura]]e [[auctor]],<ref>Matt Dellinger, "Sounds and Sites: Noam Chomsky", ''[[The New Yorker]]'', [http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2003/03/31/030331on_onlineonly02 Link], 31 Martii 2003, accessum 26 Ianuarii 2009.</ref> in notitiam omnium venit [[Anarcho-syndicalismus|anarcho-syndicalismi]] [[Socialismus libertarianus|socialismique libertariani]] fautor et [[Politica externa Civitatum Foederatarum|politicae externae Americanae]]<ref>[http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/print/20030505/30953-the-accidental-bestseller-.html "The Accidental Bestseller], ''[[Publishers Weekly]]'', [[5 Maii]] [[2003]], accessum [[5 Martii]] [[2011]]. "Chomsky's controversial political works … became mainstream bestsellers."</ref> [[Capitalismus|capitalismique]]<ref>{{cite journal|last=Arnove|first=Anthony|title=In Perspective: Noam Chomsky|journal=International Socialism|year=[[1997]]|month=March|url=http://pubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uk/isj74/arnove.htm|accessdate=[[29 Octobris]] [[2011]]}}</ref> reprehensor. Libro ''[[Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media]]'' inscripto, quem una cum [[Eduardus S. Herman|Eduardo S. Herman]] scripsit et anno [[1988]] edidit, se ad [[Media publica|publicorum mediorum]] criticam confert et [[exemplar propagandae|specimen propagandae]] proponit. Secundum catalogum ''[[Arts and Humanities Citation Index]]'' anno [[1992]] editum, Chomsky ab anno [[1980]] ad annum [[1992]] saepius ullo scholastico alio citatus est, omniumque temporum octavus inter plurimum citatorum.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/information/biography/abcde/chomsky_noam.html |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20100528222251/http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/information/biography/abcde/chomsky_noam.html |archivedate=[[28 Maii]] [[2010]] |title=Noam Chomsky |publisher=Web.archive.org |date=2010-05-28 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Chomsky is Citation Champ|publisher=[[MIT]] News Office|date=1992-04-15|url=http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/1992/citation-0415.html|accessdate=2007-09-03}} </ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Hughes | first=Samuel |title=Speech! |publisher=''[[Pennsylvania Gazette (newsletter)|The Pennsylvania Gazette]]'' |date=July/August 2001 |url=http://www.chomsky.info/onchomsky/200107--.htm |accessdate=2007-09-03 |quote=According to a recent survey by the Institute for Scientific Information, only Marx, Lenin, Shakespeare, Aristotle, the Bible, Plato, and Freud are cited more often in academic journals than Chomsky, who edges out Hegel and Cicero.}}</ref><ref name="robinson"> {{cite news |last=Robinson | first=Paul |title=The Chomsky Problem |publisher=''[[The New York Times]]'' |date=[[25 Februarii]] [[1979]] |quote=Judged in terms of the power, range, novelty and influence of his thought, Noam Chomsky is arguably the most important intellectual alive today. He is also a disturbingly divided intellectual.}}</ref> Plures etiam quam centum [[liber|libros]] protulit.<ref>{{cite web|title=Books|url=http://www.chomsky.info/books.htm|publisher=chomsky.info|accessdate=30 August 2011}}</ref> Chomsky bonas gratias accepit propter [[Hierarchia Chomskiana|hierarchiae Chomskianae]], doctrinae [[grammatica universalis|grammaticae universalis]], [[Theorema Chomsky–Schützenberger|theorematis Chomsky–Schützenberger]] excogitationem. == De vita et vitae cursu == Noam Chomsky, parentibus [[Populus Iudaicus|Iudaeis]] genitus, in [[East Oak Lane (Philadelphia)|East Oak Lane]], uberi [[Philadelphia]]e [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvaniensis]] vicinia, die [[7 Decembris]] [[1928]] in lucem editus est. [[Pater]], [[Gulielmus Chomsky]] (1896–1977), oriundus ex [[Ucraina]], munere professoris [[Lingua Hebraica|linguae Hebraicae]] apud [[Gratz College]] fungebatur ac socius societatis [[Industrial Workers of the World|IWW]] erat. Elsie Chomsky [[mater]] (Simonofsky nata in regione quae postmodo [[Ruthenia Alba]] facta est) in Civitatibus Foederatis adoleverat et, quod de marito non dici potest, "communi [[Dialectus Anglica Neo-Eboracensis|dialecto Anglica Neo-Eboracensi]]" loquebatur.<ref group="conv.">"ordinary New York English."</ref> Parentium autem amborum sermo patrius [[Lingua Iudaeogermanica|Iudaeogermanicus]] erat, sed Chomsky dixit vetitum fuisse hoc sermone loqui.<ref name=Goodman>{{cite web |url=http://www.chomsky.info/interviews/20041126.htm |title=The Life and Times of Noam Chomsky, Noam Chomsky interviewed by Amy Goodman|publisher=www.chomsky.info |last=|first=}}.</ref> Chomsky, quamquam mater activismi radicalis annorum 1930 particeps fuit, potius ab avunculo affectus est, qui, cum nunquam quartam classem praeterierit, actorum diurnorum tabernulam possidebat, quae "fori intellectualis" loco fungebatur, ubi "professores huius et illius rei omnem per noctem inter se certabant."<ref group="conv.">"intellectual center—professors of this and that arguing all night."</ref><ref name="globetrotter.berkeley.edu">{{cite web|url=http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/people2/Chomsky/chomsky-con1.html |title=Conversation with Noam Chomsky, p. 1 of 5 |publisher=Globetrotter.berkeley.edu}}/</ref> Chomsky etiam affectus est rebus radicalibus Hebraicis Zionisticisque, et in librariis versando anarchisticis.<ref name="globetrotter.berkeley.edu" /> [[Familia]]m in "[[getto]]ne Iudaeo" habitavisse describit,<ref group="conv.">"Jewish ghetto"</ref> qui in partibus Iudaeogermanica et Hebraica scissus sit, suamque familiam huic pertinuisse eumque "in cultura et litteris Hebraicis mers[isse],"<ref group="conv.">"immersed in Hebrew culture and literature"</ref> licet potius de "vico clauso culturali quam physico"<ref group="conv.">"cultural ghetto than a physical one"</ref> loquatur.<ref name="Conversations-with-History">Choamsky, Noam. Conversations with History, U. C. Berkeley, Martii 2002. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ghoXQxdk6s</ref> Contentionem quoque describit Chomsky cum [[Catholici Hibernici|Catholicis Hibernicis]] et Theodiscis et [[Antisemitismus|antisemitismo]] mediis annibus 1930. Memoria "convivia cervisialia"<ref group="conv.">"beer parties"</ref> tenet, [[Proelium Franciae|casum Lutetiae Theodiscis]] celebrantium.<ref name="Conversations-with-History"/> De [[ironia]], in Domu [[Societas Iesu|Iesuitica]] in [[America Centralis|Media America]] [[decennium 199|annibus 1980]] habitandi, inter [[puer]]itiam, inquit Chomsky, "Sola eramus familia Iudaea. Magno Catholicorum in terrore adolevi, quippe qui, cum ad scholam is, te feriant. Eos sciebam, cum ab illo aedificio extrema via venirent, quod Iesuitica schola erat, dementes esse antisemitistas. Longo tempore opus fuit, ut pueritiae memorias convincerem."<ref group="conv.">"We were the only Jewish family around. I grew up with a visceral fear of Catholics. They're the people who beat you up on your way to school. So I knew when they came out of that building down the street, which was the Jesuit school, they were raving anti-Semites. So childhood memories took a long time to overcome."</ref><ref>{{cite journal | url = http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Chomsky/Chomsky_Tapes_MAlbert.html | title = The Chomsky Tapes: Conversations with Michael Albert | date = November 2001 | journal = [[Z magazine]]}}.</ref> [[Fasciculus:Noam_chomsky.jpg|thumb|Noam Chomsky.]] Commentarium primum Chomsky, cum annum decimum gerebat discipulusque in [[Oak Lane Day School|Oak Lane Country Day School]] erat, de [[Fascismus|fascismi]] extensionis comminatione post [[Barcino]]nis casum inter [[Bellum Civile Hispanicum]] scripsit. Ex quo annum duodecimum tertiumve decimum egit, plenius se ad res civiles anarchistas convertit.<ref>Kreisler (2002), {{cite web |title=Chapter 1: Background |url=http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/people2/Chomsky/chomsky-con1.html}}/</ref> Cum apud [[Central High School of Philadelphia]] gradum acceperit, Chomsky [[philosophia]]e [[linguistica]]eque anno [[1945]] apud [[Universitas Pennsylvaniensis|Universitatem Pennsylvaniensem]] studere coepit, talibus philosophis qualibus [[C. West Churchman]] et [[Nelson Goodman]] linguistaque [[Zellig Harris]] docentibus. Inter Harris doctrinas erat transformationem munere fungentem [[Transformatio linearis|analysis mathematicae]] structurae linguarum<!--(mappings from one subset to another in the set of sentences)-->. Chomsky de legibus morphophonemicis in anni [[1951]] [[thesis magistri|thesi magistri]], ''The Morphophonemics of Modern Hebrew'' (sc. "de Morphophonemica Linguae Hebraicae Hodiernae") appellata, locutus est<!--as transformations in the sense of [[Rudolf Carnap|Carnap's]] 1938 notion of rules of transformation (vs. rules of formation), and subsequently reinterpreted the notion of grammatical transformations in a very different way from Harris, as operations on the productions of a [[context-free grammar]] (derived from [[Post canonical system|Post production systems]])-->. Notiones civiles quoque Harris partes gesserunt in eis Chomsky formandis.<ref name="Barsky1997">{{cite book|last=Barsky|first=Robert Franklin|title=Noam Chomsky: a life of dissent|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=GhwvCoZBFoYC&pg=PA47|accessdate=16 August 2011|year=1997|publisher=ECW Press|isbn=9781550222814|page=47}}</ref> Chomsky anno [[1949]] [[Artium Baccalaureus|Artium Baccalaureum]] accepit, annoque [[1951]] [[Magister Artium|Magistrum Artium]]. Anno [[1949]], [[Carola Chomsky|Carolam Schatz]] linguistam in [[matrimonium]] duxit, annosque 59 una remanserunt, usque ad [[mors|mortem]] illius [[cancer|cancro]] mense Decembri [[2008]] effectam.<ref> {{cite web |last=Marquard |first=Bryan |title=Carol Chomsky; at 78; Harvard language professor was wife of MIT linguist |publisher=Boston Globe |date=2008-12-20 |url=http://www.boston.com/news/education/higher/articles/2008/12/20/carol_chomsky_at_78_harvard_language_professor_was_wife_of_mit_linguist/}} </ref> Duas genuerunt filias, [[Aviva Chomsky|Avivam]] (n. 1957) et Dianam (n. 1960), et [[filius|filium]] unum, Harry (n. 1967). Una cum [[uxor]]e, Chomsky tempus anno [[1953]] habuit in [[HaZore'a]], [[kibbutz]] in [[Israel (civitas)|Israël]] sito. Ipse, colloquio utrum mansio ei erat frustrationi<!--a disappointment--> rogatus, inquit, "Non ita, id amavi," quamquam "[[nationalismus|nationalismum]] ferventem" et "[[atmosphaera]]m [[ideologia|ideologicam]] subire nequieba[t]"<ref group="conv.">"No I loved it"; "couldn't stand the ideological atmosphere"; "fervent nationalism"</ref> ineuntibus [[decennium 196|annis 1950]], cum [[Iosephus Stalin|Stalin]] a multis sinistrarum partium defenderetur, qui rebus et illius aetatis et futuris [[Unio Rerum Publicarum Sovieticarum Socialisticarum|Sovieticis]] speciem dare [[pulchritudo|pulchram]] solebant.<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://www.chomsky.info/interviews/20051110.htm |title=Noam Chomsky interviewed by Shira Hadad |publisher=Chomsky.info |date= |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> Chomsky se dicit vidisse multa bona in kibbutz, in quo genitores liberique una [[habitatio|habitabant]] in domibus divisis, et rogatus an sint "praecepta discenda ab historia kibbutzim,"<ref group="conv.">"lessons that we have learned from the history of the kibbutz"</ref> respondit,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zmag.org/zspace/commentaries/186 |title=Eight Question on Kibbutzim: Answers from Noam Chomsky Questions from Nikos Raptis |publisher=Zmag.org |date=1999-08-24 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csudh.edu/dearhabermas/kibbutzim01.htm |title=Kibbutzim as a Climate for Learning |publisher=Csudh.edu}}.</ref> "non nullis modis, kibbutzim proprius ad perfectionem anarchistam ierunt quam ullus conatus alius, qui longius quam momentum breve superaverit ante eius deletionem, aut qui tam magnus fuerit. His modis, apprime suaves et prosperos eos puto fuisse; nisi casu personali, sine dubio ipse ibi vixissem — quanto temporis, difficile coniectu."<ref group="conv.">"In some respects, the kibbutzim came closer to the anarchist ideal than any other attempt that lasted for more than a very brief moment before destruction, or that was on anything like a similar scale. In these respects, I think they were extremely attractive and successful; apart from personal accident, I probably would have lived there myself – for how long, it's hard to guess."</ref> Chomsky [[PhD]] in [[linguistica]] ab [[Universitas Pennsylvaniensis|Universitate Pennsylvaniensi]] anno [[1955]] accepit. Partem exquaesitionis doctoralis apud [[Universitas Harvardiana|Universitatem Harvardianam]] tamquam [[Harvard Junior Fellow]] egit. In thesi sua, rationes linguisticas confirmare coepit, quas extendit in anni 1957 [[liber|libro]] ''[[Syntactic Structures]]'', uno ex illustrissimis operibus linguisticis eius. [[Fasciculus:MIT_Main_Apr09.JPG|thumb|left|Principale [[aedificium]] MIT.]] Chomsky cohorti [[Massachusettense Institutum Technologiae|Massachusettensis Instituti Technologiae]] (MIT) anno [[1955]] se adiunxit, et anno [[1961]] professor confertus in Facultate Linguarum Hodiernarum et Linguisticae (hodie Facultate Linguisticae et Philosophiae) factus est. Ab anno [[1966]] ad annum [[1976]], Ferrari P. Ward Professorship of Modern languages and Linguistics tenebat, et anno [[1976]] munus Institute Professor ei datum est. Anno [[2012]], continue apud MIT 57 annos docuit. Mense Februario [[1967]], Chomsky unus ex principibus adversariis [[Bellum Indosinense II|Belli Vietnamiensis]] factus est propter commentarium suum, ''[[The Responsibility of Intellectuals]]'' ("de Responsabilitate Intellectualium"),<ref>{{cite journal |last=Chomsky |first=Noam |title=The Responsibility of Intellectuals |journal=The New York Review of Books |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages= |date=1967-02-23 |url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/12172}}.</ref> in ''[[The New York Review of Books]]'' proditum. Secuta est ''[[American Power and the New Mandarins]],'' anni [[1969]] commentariorum collectio. Critica eius [[Civilitas rerum externarum Civitatum Foederataru|civilitatis rerum externarum Civitatum Foederatarum]] et ad legitimitatem potestatis Americanae spectantia multas controversias creaverunt,<ref>{{cite web |last=Flint |first=Anthony |title=Divided Legacy |publisher=''[[The Boston Globe]]'' |date=1995-11-19 |url=http://www.chomsky.info/onchomsky/19951119.htm |quote=Ask this intellectual radical why he is shunned by the mainstream, and he'll say that established powers have never been able to handle his brand of dissent.}} .</ref><ref>Barsky (1997), {{cite web|url=http://cognet.mit.edu/library/books/chomsky/chomsky/4/17.html |title=Chapter 4}} Barsky quotes an excerpt of Edward Herman examining why "one of America's most well-known intellectuals and dissidents would be thus ignored and even ostracized by the mainstream press". For example, "Chomsky has never had an Op Ed column in the ''Washington Post'', and his lone opinion piece in the ''New York Times'' was not an original contribution but rather excerpts from testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee."</ref> et publicationibus et nuntiorum emissariis internationalibus quaeri solet ut sententias suas explanet. Anno 1997, [[Acroasis Huizinga|Acroasin Huizinga]] [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]] protulit, eo titulo: ''Intellectuals and the State'' ("de Intellectualibus et Statu"). Mortis minas Chomsky propter critica eius civilitatis rerum externarum Americanae concepit.<ref name="Stroumboulopoulos">{{cite news |last=Stroumboulopoulos |first=George |title=Noam Chomsky on ''The Hour'' |publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]] |date=2006-03-13 |url=http://www.cbc.ca/thehour/video.php?id=991}}.</ref> [[Theodorus Kaczynski|Theodori Kaczynski]], fortasse melius nomine Unabomber noti, indici interficiendorum intererat; eo spatio, quo Kaczynski liber erat, Chomsky omnes epistulas et mandata ne materiae displosivae eis inesset indagari<!--checked for explosives--> habebat.<ref name="Stroumboulopoulos"/> Se dicit [[vigil]]um tectorum<!--"undercover" secundum Morgan's--> custodia solere uti, praecipue cum in campis MIT versatur, licet de hac re abnuat.<ref name="Stroumboulopoulos"/> [[Lexingtonia (Massachusetta)|Lexingtoniae]] in [[Massachusetta]] incolit, et commeare solet, de rebus civilibus acroases proferens. == De cogitationibus == === Linguistica === {{Main|Linguistica}} Linguistica Chomskiana, libro ''[[Syntactic Structures]]'' incepta, destillatione operis sui ''Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory'' (1966, 75) (scilicet "Structura Logica Theoriae Linguisticae"), [[Linguistica structuralis|linguisticae structurali]] obstans [[Grammatica transformationalis|grammaticam transformationalem]] praefert. Quae loquellas,<ref group="conv.">"utterances"</ref> id est verborum sequentias, censet [[Syntaxis|syntaxin]] grammatica formali definitam habere; [[Grammatica contextu vacans|grammatica vacanti contextu]] in primis, legibus transformationalibus extenta. Fortasse hoc est facultati valentissimum et tempore maxime probatum contributum, quod ad scientiam linguae componendam [[grammatica formalis|grammatica formali]] uti productivitatem linguae et creativitatem intuetur. Cuiusdam linguae grammatica formalis abilitatem locutoris auditorisque numeri loquellarum, et novarum, infiniti afferendi et interpretandi, cum [[grammaticalizatio|legum grammaticarum]] quantitate finita et verborum, exponere potest. Chomsky confessus [[Pāṇini]] multa debere est, propter rationem eius generativae grammaticae explicitae, licet rationes eius [[Rationalismus|rationalistis]] quoque cognitionibus de [[Gnocitas|scientia]] [[a priori]] habita nectantur. Saepe perperam dicitur Chomsky linguam omnino innatam esse arguisse, atque [[Grammatica universalis|grammaticam universalem]] comperisse. Re vera, Chomsky modo et infantem humanum et iuvenem [[Feles|felem]] animadvertit [[Inductio (logica)|cogitatione inductiva]] uti posse, sed ambo si eisdem rebus linguisticis subiciantur, infans humanus semper intellegentiae abilitatem adquirat et linguam producendi, feles autem nunquam alterutram. Chomsky quicquam sit haec facultas, quam homo habet quaque felis eget, "mechanismum linguae adquirendae"<ref group="conv.">"language acquisition device"</ref> appellavit, et suasit ut una ex linguisticae curis sit, hic mechanismus quid sit, qualesque coactus comprehensioni linguarum humanarum sint, invenire. Universalia, quae ex his compulsionibus extrahantur, [[grammatica universa]] esse dici solent.<ref>{{cite web|author=Noam Chomsky |url=http://www.chomsky.info/books/architecture01.htm |title=The 'Chomskyan Era' (Excerpted from The Architecture of Language) |publisher=Chomsky.info}}.</ref> [[Principia et parametra|Principiorum et Parametrorum]] (P&P) disciplina—anno [[1979]] Acroasi Pisarum ostensa, postea nomine ''[[Lectures on Government and Binding: The Pisa Lectures]]'' (LGB) provulgata—haec de grammatica ait universali: principia grammatica, quae linguis subsint, innata esse et immobilia, et differentias inter mundi linguas parametris cerebralibus definiri posse (puta parametra [[Lingua Pro-drop|''pro-drop'']], quae ostendunt, utrum subiectum explicitum semper requiratur, sicut Anglice, annon, sicut Latine ["ego sum" ↔ "sum"]), quae ad ''switches'' saepe conectuntur<!--which [parameters] are often likened to switches-->. (Hinc vocabulum "principia et parametra," huic disciplinae saepe datum.) Sic liber cuidam linguae studens solummodo rebus lexicalibus (vocabulis, [[morphema]]tibus grammaticis, [[idioma]]tibus) egeat, et parametris quoque, quod nonnullis magni momenti exemplis fieri possit. Huius sententiae fautores arguunt [[Velocitas|velocitatem]], qua liberi linguam discant, inedicabiliter citam esse, nisi ei abilitatem linguis discendis habeant innatam. Similitudo passuum, quibus liberi patriae linguae student, atque hi errores, qui fieri solent a liberis discentibus, dum alia errorum genera, quae logica videntur (invenirenturque, secundum Chomsky, si omnino generalis, potius quam cuique linguae specialis, eruditionis mechanismus usui esset), nunquam fiunt, innatitatis thesis causa ostenduntur. Recentius eius [[Programma Minimalisticum|Programmate Minimalistico]] ([[1995]]), concepto Principiorum et Parametrorum detento, Chomsky meliorationem gravem machinae linguisticae ad exemplar LGB adtinenti efficere conatur, omnibus praeter nuda elementaria eius exuendis. Disciplinam generalem ad linguae humanae architecturam spectantem advocat, quae oeconomiae formaeque optimae principiis operam det, et disciplinae ad generationem pertinenti derivationali redeat, potius quam theoriae P&P classicae disciplinae aliquam repraesentationali. Rationes Chomskianae multum eos adfecerunt, qui liberorum [[Adquisitio linguae|linguae adquisitionem]] investigant, licet multi in his rebus versantes ut puta [[Elizabetha Bates]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Elman, J., Bates, E., Johnson, M., Karmiloff-Smith, A., Parisi, D., & Plunkett, K. |year=1996|title=Rethinking innateness: A connectionist perspective on development|url=https://archive.org/details/rethinkinginnate00elma |publisher= Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books}}</ref> et [[Michael Tomasello]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Tomasello, M|year=2003|title= Constructing a Language: A Usage-Based Theory of Language Acquisition|url=https://archive.org/details/constructinglang0000mich|publisher= Harvard University Press| isbn=0674017641}}/</ref> contra theorias Chomskii arguant, advocantque theorias potius [[Emergentia|emergentisticas]] [[Connexionismus|connexionisticasve]]: linguam explanandam censent mechanismis generalibus<!--"general processing mechanisms"--> in [[Cerebrum|cerebro]] sitis, qui multiplicibus et extensis rebus circumiectis socialibus, in quibus lingua adhibetur et discitur, se intermisceant. [[Phonologia]]m tractans notissimum forsitan opus Chomskii est ''[[The Sound Pattern of English]]'' ([[1968]]; sc. "de Forma Sonorum Linguae Anglicae"), una cum [[Morris Halle]] scriptum et saepe tantummodo nomine ''SPE'' appellatum. Hoc opus huius facultatis progressionem valde affecit. Quamquam ex hoc tempore theoria phonologica "phonologiam SPE" multis modis excessit, systema SPE praecursor fuisse dicitur theoriarum phonologicarum maximi momenti hodiernarum, inter quas [[phonologia autosegmentalis]], phonologia lexicalis, [[theoria optimalitatis]]. Chomsky iam de phonologia non scribit. ==== Grammatica generativa ==== {{Main|Grammatica generativa}} Disciplina Chomskiana ad syntaxin inspiciendam, quae ''grammatica generativa'' appellari solet, grammaticam quasi corpus [[Gnaritas|scientiae]] a locutoribus cuiusdam linguae habitum videt. Ex annibus [[Decennium 197|1960]], Chomsky multum huius scientiae censuit esse innatum, quapropter liberis solum non nulla [[Sermo patrius|sermonis eis patrii]] localia discenda sunt.<ref name="aspects">{{cite book|title=Aspects of the Theory of Syntax|url=https://archive.org/details/aspectsoftheoryo00chom|publisher=MIT Press|author=Chomsky, Noam|year=1965|isbn=0-262-53007-4}}.</ref> Corpus innatum scientiae linguae saepe [[grammatica universalis]] nominatur. Potentissimum, sententia Chomskii, Grammaticae Universalis existentiae indicium in eo est, quod liberi tam cito linguam patriam feliciter adquirunt, atque quod immane exstat spatium inter stimulos linguisticos, quibus liberi praebentur, et opulentem scientiam linguisticam, quam obtinent. Ecce theoria [[Paupertas stimuli|paupertatis stimuli]]. Hoc spatium scientia Grammaticae Universalis continuetur. Theoriae Chomskii, quippe quae linguisticam valdissime adfecerunt, critica quoque acceperunt. Chomskianae grammaticae generativae continua critica ad eius Anglocentrismum et Eurocentrismum spectant, quod linguistae in hac traditione versantes de Universali Grammatica res dicere soleant, quae ex parvae studio linguarum quantitatis elata sint, interdumque solum unius linguae. In primis, Eurocentrismus per nimiam linguae Anglicae factam emphasin exhibita sit. Nunc autem centenis linguis non nulla saltem opera intra analyses Chomskianas data est.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Logical relations in Chinese and the theory of grammar|author=Huang, Cheng-Teh James|year=1982|url= |publisher=MIT PhD dissertation}} Available online [http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/15215].</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Hidatsa Syntax|author=Matthews, G.H.|year=1965|publisher=Mouton}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Platero, Paul Randolph|year=1978|title=Missing noun phrases in Navajo|publisher=MIT PhD dissertation}} Available online [http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/16328].</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Towards a Minimalist Account of Quirky Case and Licensing in Icelandic|author=Schütze, Carson T.|year=1993|publisher=MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 19}} Available online [https://web.archive.org/web/20170216050355/http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/people/cschutze/Icelandic.MITWPL.fixed.pdf].</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Matching Effects and the Syntax-Morphology Interface: Evidence from Hindi Correlatives|author=Bhatt, Rajesh|publisher=MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 31|year=1997}} Available online [http://people.umass.edu/bhatt/papers/mscil.pdf].</ref> Diversitate linguarum, quae derivationibus Grammaticae Universalis definitae sunt, non obstante, critici formalismos linguisticae Chomskianae esse Anglocentricos dicunt, et harum linguarum linguae Anglicae dissimilium detorquere proprietates.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The myth of language universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science|author=Evans, N., & Levinson, S. C.|year=2009|publisher=Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 32(5), 429-492}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Don't sleep, there are snakes: Life and language in the Amazonian jungle|url=https://archive.org/details/dontsleeptherear00ever|author=Everett, D.|year=2008|publisher=Pantheon Books|isbn=0-375-42502-0}}.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Linguistic diversity and theoretical assumptions|author=Van Valin, R.|year=2000|publisher=Chicago Linguistic Society Parasession Papers|volume=35|pages=373-391}}.</ref> Cognitionem Chomskii ideo formam esse [[Imperialismus linguisticus|imperialismi linguistici]].<ref>{{cite book |last= Mühlhäusler |first= Peter |year= 1996 |title= Linguistic Ecology: Language Change and Linguistic Imperialism in the Pacific Region |location= London |publisher= [[Routledge]] |pages= [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JteZjcSr038C&pg=PA331 330–1]}}.</ref> Linguistas Chomskianos ceteroquin ut quales cuiusdam linguae phrases bene formatae sint sciant in praesagitione<!--"intuition"--> locutorum, quibus haec lingua sit patria, nimis incumbere. Quod propter methodologiam incusatum est. Non nulli [[Psychologia|psychologi]] et [[Psycholinguistica|psycholinguistae]], doctrinae Chomskianae generaliter amici, arguerunt linguistas Chomskianos parum operae rebus experimentalibus<!--"experimental data"--> ex ''language processing'' obtentis dare, quam ob rem theoriae eorum psychologice inexplebiles fiant. Critici alii (vide "[[Eruditio linguae]]"<!--"language learning"-->) utrum Grammaticam componere Universalem deceat ad liberorum adquisitionem linguisticam explanandam, in dubio habent, quia dominio generales (''domain-general'') eruditionis mechanismos satisfaciant. Nunc sunt multi et diversi grammaticae generativae rami, ita ut constitutiones tamquam [[grammatica syntagmatica nuclearis]], [[grammatica lexico-functionalis]], [[grammatica categorialis combinatoria]] Chomskianae generativaeque fere dici possint. ==== Hierarchia Chomskiana ==== {{Main|Hierarchia Chomskiana}} Chomsky diversa [[Lingua formalis|linguarum formalium]] genera scrutatus est, ut cognosceret utrum proprietates linguae humanae graves capere possent. Ponit hierarchia Chomskiana [[Grammatica formalis|grammaticas formales]] in classes (seu greges), quibus est semper maior potestas expressiva; id est, omnis classis maiorem numerum linguarum formalium classe priori progenerare potest. Chomsky arguit quibusdam linguae humanae partibus, ut formentur, multipliciore opus esse grammatica formali (secundum hierarchiam illam), quam aliis. Dum [[lingua regularis]], exempli gratia, sat potens sit ut linguae Anglicae [[Morphologia (linguistica)|morphologia]] describatur, non ita de [[Syntaxis|syntaxi]] Anglica agitur. Non solum linguisticam sed etiam [[informatica]]m tangit hierarchia Chomskiana (praesertim quod ad [[Compilatrum|compilatrorum]] comparationem et [[Theoria automatorum|automatorum theoriam]] spectat).<ref>Davis Martin, ''Computability, complexity, and languages: Fundamentals of theoretical computer science'' (Bostoniae: Academic, Harcourt, Brace, 1994), 327. Print.</ref> Est enim similitudo inter linguae hierarchiam Chomskianam et diversa automatorum genera, ita ut theoremata de linguis sive linguas (grammaticas) sive automata tractent. Potest etiam fieri ut linguae [[Series formalis potestatum|Serie potestatum formali]] tractentur.<ref>"Computer Programming and Formal Systems", Eds. P. Braffort and D. Hirschberg, pp. 124–135</ref> Series potestatum formalis, necnon nexus inter linguas et [[Semigrex|semigreges]], in [[Marcellus Paulus Schützenberger|Marcelli Pauli Schützenberger]] animo volvebatur cum apud [[Sorbona]]m versabatur. Series potestatum formalis Seriei Taylor, in cursu [[Calculus|calculi]] usui, similis est, et his maxime linguis, quarum verba (symbola terminalia) commutativa sunt, prodest.<ref>Jean-Eric Pin, "Finite Semigroups and Recognizable Languages: An Introduction," ''Bulletin of Research and Development,'' 2002.</ref> === De rebus civilibus === {{Anarchismus}} {{Main|Civilitas Noam Chomsky}} Chomsky dixit suas "sententias personales admodum traditionales [[anarchismus|anarchistas]], cum originibus in [[Aevum Illuminationis|Illuminatione]] et [[Liberalismus classicus|liberalismo classico]]" esse,<ref group="conv.">[[Anglice]]: "personal visions are fairly traditional anarchist ones, with origins in the Enlightenment and classical liberalism."</ref><ref name="Chomsky 1996, pp. 71">Chomsky (1996), pp. 71.</ref> et [[Socialismus libertarianus|socialismum libertarianum]] laudavit.<ref>Chomsky, Noam, "Notes on Anarchism" [http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20010916053658/http://www.zmag.org/chomsky/other/notes-on-anarchism.html]. . . . "Libertarian socialism is properly to be regarded as the inheritor of the liberal ideals of the Enlightenment."</ref> Quamquam ambiguitatem lemmatum cavet, sententiae eius civiles ad sinistram pertinere dici solent,<ref>{{cite news|last=Shane|first=Scott|title=Bin Laden Resurfaces in Recordings|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/03/world/asia/03binladen.html|accessdate=20 September 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=2 October 2010}}.</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Thomson|first=Desson|title=Morris, McNamara: Bound by 'The Fog'|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=21 December 2003}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Folkenflik|first=David|title=William F. Buckley, Conservative Bulwark, Dies|url=http://m.npr.org/news/front/62983288?singlePage=true|accessdate=20 September 2011|publisher=NPR|date=27 February 2008}}.</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Gollust|first=David|title=US Sticking With Choice for Envoy Despite Venezuelan Rejection|url=http://www.voanews.com/english/news/americas/US-Sticking-With-Choice-for-Envoy-Despite-Venezuelan-Rejection--112972279.html|accessdate=20 September 2011|newspaper=Voice of America|date=5 January 2011}}.</ref> seseque [[Anarcho-syndicalismus|anarchosyndicalisticum]] esse dixit.<ref name="Anarcho-Syndicalism 2004">Chomsky wrote the preface to an edition of Rudolf Rocker's book ''Anarcho-Syndicalism: Theory and Practice''. In it Chomsky wrote: "I felt at once, and still feel, that Rocker was pointing the way to a much better world, one that is within our grasp, one that may well be the only alternative to the 'universal catastrophe' towards which 'we are driving on under full sail.'" Book Citation: Rudolph Rocker. ''Anarcho-Syndicalism: Theory and Practice''. AK Press. p. ii. 2004.</ref> Socius est societatum [[Campaign for Peace and Democracy]] et [[Industrial Workers of the World]] syndicatus internationalis,<ref>'[http://www.iww.org/en/history/biography Industrial Workers of the World - IWW Biography] Nexus die 2012-2-11 confirmatus</ref> nec non societatis [[International Organization for a Participatory Society]], quam putat "longe nos conferre" posse "ad conatus disperse in orbe terrarum factos unificandos eosque in vim potentem efficientemque conformare."<ref group="conv.">"carry us a long way towards unifying the many initiatives here and around the world and molding them into a powerful and effective force"</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210228205219/http://www.iopsociety.org/interim-committee International Organization for a Participatory Society - Interim Committee].</ref><ref>[http://www.zcommunications.org/znet ZNet - Consider IOPS].</ref> De anarchismo librum, ''Chomsky on Anarchism'' nomine, qui acroases et scripta Chomskii ad anarchismum spectantia colligeret, [[AK Press]] societas litteraria collectiva anno [[2006]] protulit. Chomsky in activismo civili partes egit omnem per vitam suam adultam, et sententiae de civilitate rebusque internationalibus, quas sonuit, late citantur<!--cite/quote--> et circumferuntur. Chomsky suas sententias esse illas, quas potentes audire nolint, dixit, quam ob rem Americanum [[dissidens|dissidentem]] civilum esse habetur. Ait Chomsky [[Potestas politica|auctoritatem]], nisi aliter demonstratam, natura illegitimam esse, et in eis, qui auctoritate utantur, indicii pondus<!--"burden of proof"--> esse; hoc pondus, si excusari nequeat, subvertendum esse, cum iniusta sit auctoritas auctoratatis causa. Auctoritatis iustae exempli causa Chomsky adultum, qui liberum, ne in via autocinetorum plena eat, prohibentem excogitavit.<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://youtube.com/watch?v=2G6kf7XM9Nk |title='&#39;Anarchism 101 with Noam Chomsky'&#39; |publisher=Youtube.com |date=2007-10-10}}.</ref> Paulum discriminis moralis inter 'veram' servitutem (''chattel slavery'') et "[[servitus salariaria|servitutem salariariam]]," id est sese patrono conducere, esse decertat. Quod impetum esse in libertatem individualem factum putat. [[Operarius|Operariis]] locum laborandi possidendum et gubernendum esse habet, quod etiam (ut notat ille) [[:en:Lowell Mill Girls|Puellae Lowell Mill]] credebant.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/people2/Chomsky/chomsky-con2.html |title=Conversation with Noam Chomsky, p. 2 of 5 |publisher=Globetrotter.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref> Vehementer incusavit Chomsky [[Civilitas rerum externarum Civitatum Foederatarum|civilitatem rerum externarum Americanam]]. [[Norma duplex|Duplice norma]] Civitates Foederatas uti habet, quae [[democratia]]m libertatemque adnuntient dum antidemocraticas tyrannicasque organizationes adiuvent, sicut [[Chilia]]m [[Augustus Pinochet|Augusto Pinochet]] regnante. Quod putat magnas in violationes [[Iura humana|iurum humanorum]] defluere. Arguere solet Civitatum Foederatarum interventus in civitatibus aliis factos, inter quos operam ad [[Contras]] [[Nicaragua]]e datam, quam rem multum repugnavit, ulli [[tromocratia]]e definitioni convenire,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090923024350/http://www.zmag.org/GlobalWatch/chomskymit.htm An Evening With Noam Chomsky]</ref> et enim "definitioni publicae in Americano Codice et Exercitus Enchiridiis inventae ineuntibus annis 1980."<ref group="conv.">[[Anglice]]: "official definitions in the US Code and Army Manuals in the early 1980s"</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chomsky.info/articles/200501--.pdf |title=Simple Truths, Hard Problems: Some thoughts on terror, justice, and self-defence* |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Noam Chomsky |url=http://www.chomsky.info/articles/199112--02.htm |title=International Terrorism: Image and Reality |publisher=Chomsky.info}}.</ref> Ante eius casum, [[Unio Sovietica|Unionis quoque Sovieticae]] imperialismum Chomsky condemnavit; anno [[1986]], verbi gratia, inter cursum quaestionum et respondorum post acroasin, quae apud [[Universidad Centroamericana "José Simeón Cañas"]] dederat, cum provocatus sit de modo, quo "de Americae Septentrionalis imperialismo et Russico imperialismo eadem anima loqui"<ref group="conv.">"talk about North American imperialism and Russian imperialism in the same breath"</ref> potuerit, Chomsky respondit: "Una e mundi veritatibus est [[superpotentia]]s esse duas, alteram, quae sit immanis et quae, ut evenit, in cervice tua caligam suam teneat; alteram, quae sit minor et quae, ut evenit, in aliorum cervicibus caligam suam teneat. Quemquam in [[Orbis Tertius|Orbi Tertio]] viventem puto graviter errare, si in illusiones de his rebus cadat."<ref group="conv.">"One of the truths about the world is that there are two superpowers, one a huge power which happens to have its boot on your neck; another, a smaller power which happens to have its boot on other people's necks. I think that anyone in the Third World would be making a grave error if they succumbed to illusions about these matters."</ref><ref name="Chomsky1987">{{cite book|last=Chomsky|first=Noam|title=On power and ideology: the Managua lectures|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Ot6pRjxv2ykC&pg=PA93#v=onepage&q=a%20huge%20power&f=false|year=1987|publisher=South End Press|isbn=9780896082892|pages=51}}.</ref> De [[Mors Usamae bin Laden|Usamae bin Laden morte]], Chomsky inquit: <blockquote> Nobis est rogandum, quo modo reaguerimus, si [[Iracum|Iracenses]] manus in [[Georgius W. Bush|Georgii W. Bush]] domum appulerint, eum occiderint, corpusque suum in [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Atlantico]] deiacuerint. Sine controversia, scelera eius valde ultra ea bin Laden excesserunt, neque is est 'suspectus' sed sine controversia 'imperator' qui iussit 'summum scelus internationale' contrahi, 'quod modo in hoc ab aliis belli sceleribus discrepet, quod in eo ipso omnium rerum malum accumulatum concludat' (ut [[Iudicia Norimbergensia]] revocem), propter quae malefactores [[Nazista]]e [[Damnatio ad furcam|ad furcam]] damnati sunt: centena milia mortuorum, milliones [[Profugus|profugorum]], deletionem multi nationis, amaram dissensionem sectarianam, quae in regionis reliquum effudit.<ref group="conv.">"We might ask ourselves how we would be reacting if Iraqi commandos landed at George W. Bush's compound, assassinated him, and dumped his body in the Atlantic. Uncontroversially, his crimes vastly exceed bin Laden’s, and he is not a 'suspect' but uncontroversially the 'decider' who gave the orders to commit the 'supreme international crime differing only from other war crimes in that it contains within itself the accumulated evil of the whole' (quoting the Nuremberg Tribunal) for which Nazi criminals were hanged: the hundreds of thousands of deaths, millions of refugees, destruction of much of the country, [and] the bitter sectarian conflict that has now spread to the rest of the region."</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guernicamag.com/blog/2652/noam_chomsky_my_reaction_to_os/ |title=Noam Chomsky: My Reaction to Osama bin Laden’s Death |publisher=Guernicamag.com}}.</ref> </blockquote> {{Socialismus libertarianus}} [[Media in Civitatibus Foederatis|Media Civitatum Foederatarum]] contendit late munere fungi "[[Bought Priesthood|sacerdotii empticii]]"<ref name="ChomskyOtero2003_2">{{cite book|last1=Chomsky|first1=Noam|last2=Otero|first2=Carlos Peregrín|title=Chomsky on democracy & education|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=84NQ3IXpbOYC&pg=PA30|year=2003|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=9780415926324|pages=30–}}.</ref> [[Rectio CFA|rectionis]] et [[corporatio]]num Americanarum, cum haec tria communibus causis intexantur. In illustra [[Gualterius Lippmann|Gualterio Lippmann]] relatione<!--"reference"-->, Chomsky una cum coscriptore [[Eduardus S. Herman|Eduardo S. Herman]] in libro ''[[Manufacturing Consent]]'' scripsit media Americana plebis consensionem per [[exemplar propagandae]] adferre. Chomsky anni [[2010]] [[Iudicium Summum Civitatum Foederatarum|Iudicii Summi Civitatum Foederatarum]] ''[[Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission|Citizens United]]'' consilium condemnavit, quo fines expeditionibus comitialibus<!--"electoral campaigns"--> facti abrogati sunt, quod "corporatam democratiae rapinam" appellavit.<ref group="conv.">"corporate takeover of democracy."</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Noam Chomsky |url=http://chomsky.info/articles/20100124.htm |title=The Corporate Takeover of U.S. Democracy |publisher=Chomsky.info}}.</ref> [[:en:War on Drugs|Bello Drogis Facto]] adversatur, dicens usum dictionis decipere, idque "bellum nonnullis drogis factum" (''the war on certain drugs'') advocat. [[:en:Drug policy reform|Reformationi civilitatis drogarum]] favet, docendo et praeveniendo factae potius quam actionibus rei militaris vigilumve, ad drogarum usum minuendum.<ref name="certain">{{cite web |last=Chomsky |first=Noam |title=What Uncle Sam Really Wants |publisher=[[Z Communications|ZMag]] |year=1993 |url=http://www.zmag.org/chomsky/sam/sam-3-2.html}}.</ref> In anni [[1999]] colloquio, Chomsky arguit, cum nihil usus talium rerum qualium [[tabacum|tabaci]] curae sit rectioni, tum in usum [[cannabis]], verbi gratia, impetum facit propter [[Paupertas|pauperum]] opprimendorum consecutiones.<ref name="poor">{{cite video | people = Noam Chomsky et al. |title=Noam Chomsky on Drugs{{dead link |url=http://www.freespeech.org/videodb/index.php?action=detail&video_id=9529&browse=0 ||date=August 2011}} | medium = TV |publisher=ROX |date=1999}}.</ref> Dixit enim: <blockquote> Leges Civitatum Foederatarum domesticae metas, quas dicunt eis esse, non exsecutunt, legislatoresque bene hoc sciunt. Si non ad drogarum usum deminuendum, qualem ad rem spectant? Sane clarum est, actis et hodiernis et historicis, drogas criminalizari solere cum [[Classis socialis|classibus]] periculosis dictis coniungantur, non nullarum drogarum criminalizationem technicam imperii socialis esse.<ref group="conv.">"U.S. domestic drug policy does not carry out its stated goals, and policymakers are well aware of that. If it isn't about reducing substance abuse, what is it about? It is reasonably clear, both from current actions and the historical record, that substances tend to be criminalized when they are associated with the so-called dangerous classes, that the criminalization of certain substances is a technique of social control."</ref><ref name=control>{{cite web |last=Chomsky |first=Noam |title=DRCNet Interview: Noam Chomsky |publisher=[http://stopthedrugwar.org/home DRCNet] |date=2002-02-08 |url=http://stopthedrugwar.org/chronicle-old/223/noamchomsky.shtml}}.</ref> </blockquote> Chomsky socialistos credit mores exemplum esse rationum e [[Liberalismus classicus|liberalismo classico]] et radicali humanismo ortarum contextui industriali extentarum. Societatem eminenter componi et in democratico communitatum locorumque laborandi imperio fundari. Rationes humanistas radicales [[Bertrandus Russell|Bertrandi Russell]] et [[Ioannes Dewey|Ioannis Dewey]], qui multum eum adfecerint, "in Illuminatione classicoque liberalismo radicatas esse virtutemque [[Res novae|rebus novis]] faventem retinere."<ref group="conv.">"rooted in the Enlightenment and classical liberalism, and retain their revolutionary character"</ref><ref>Chomsky (1996), p. 77.</ref> Civitates Foederatas iam dixit ille "nationem orbis terrarum optimam" esse,<ref group="conv.">"greatest country in the world"</ref><ref>[http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0205/30/ltm.01.html "Interview with Noam Chomsky, Bill Bennett"], die 30 Maii 2002 ''American Morning with Paula Zahn CNN''</ref> quod serius explanavit dicendo: "Stupidum est nationes aestimare neque unquam sic res ponam, sed non nulla Americae bona, praesertim ad [[Libertas loquendi|libertatem loquendi]] pertinentia, quae saeculis contentionum publicarum, admiranda sunt."<ref group="conv.">"Evaluating countries is senseless and I would never put things in those terms, but that some of America's advances, particularly in the area of free speech, that have been achieved by centuries of popular struggle, are to be admired."</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Adams |first=Tim |title=Noam Chomsky: Thorn in America's Side |publisher=''[[The Observer]]'' |date=2003-10-30 |url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/magazine/story/0,11913,1094708,00.html |accessdate=2007-09-04 | location=London}}</ref> Dixit etiam: "Modis multis, Civitates Foederatae liberrima est orbis terrarum natio. Non solum de coercitionis statalis{{dubsig}} finibus loquor, licet hoc quoque verum sit, sed etiam de adfinitatibus domesticis. Civitates Foederatae propius a societate classibus carente, quod ad adfinitatibus interpersonalibus spectat, quam virtualiter ulla societas alia pervenit."<ref group="conv.">"In many respects, the United States is the freest country in the world. I don't just mean in terms of limits on state coercion, though that's true too, but also in terms of individual relations. The United States comes closer to classlessness in terms of interpersonal relations than virtually any society."</ref><ref>Noam Chomsky, ''Chomsky on Democracy and Education'' (Routledge, 2003), 399.</ref> Chomsky criticis adversatur, quae aiunt [[anarchismus|anarchismum]] a [[Subsidium sociale|subsidio sociali]] abhorrere, nam: <blockquote> Potes sane affirmare non nobis curae esse problemata, quibus homines hodie dolent, cum de rebus futuris velimus cogitare possibilibus. Sit ita, sed tunc noli simulare tibi curae esse homines eorumque fatum, ac in seminarii conclavi mane et in [[caupona cafearia]] intellectuali una cum aliis hominibus privilegiatis. Alioquin potes humanitate agere: laborare volo, hodie, ad meliorem crastini causa societatem instituendam — quod est classicus status anarchisticus [. . .] . Hoc iustum est, et recte ad homines problematibus dolentes sustinendos adducit: [[salus|salutis]] securitatisque moderationem, [[Assecuratio valetudinaria|assecurationem valetudinariam]] nationalem, systemata auxilii eis, quibus eis opus est, et cetera. Hoc non satis est ad res futuras diversas melioresque componendas, sed necesse est. Quodlibet alii eorum contemptum accipiet benemeritum, qui tam luxuria non utuntur, quam ut circumstantias, in quibus vivunt, negligant dum superesse conantur.<ref group="conv.">One can, of course, take the position that we don't care about the problems people face today, and want to think about a possible tomorrow. OK, but then don't pretend to have any interest in human beings and their fate, and stay in the seminar room and intellectual coffee house with other privileged people. Or one can take a much more humane position: I want to work, today, to build a better society for tomorrow – the classical anarchist position, quite different from the slogans in the question. That's exactly right, and it leads directly to support for the people facing problems today: for enforcement of health and safety regulation, provision of national health insurance, support systems for people who need them, etc. That is not a sufficient condition for organizing for a different and better future, but it is a necessary condition. Anything else will receive the well-merited contempt of people who do not have the luxury to disregard the circumstances in which they live, and try to survive.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070929074956/https://www.zmag.org/chomsky_repliesana.htm 'Answers by Noam Chomsky' to questions about anarchism]</ref> </blockquote> Sententiae Chomskii [[Antibellum|antibellicae]] esse summatim dici possint, sed non adstricte [[Pacifismus|pacificae]]. [[Bellum Indosinense II|Bello Vietnamiensi]] celse adversatus est et plerisque aliis bellis per vitam suam gestis. [[Resistentia fiscalis|Resistentia fiscali]] et ambulacris pacis has sententias ostendit. Anno [[1968]], nomen suum voto "Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" subnotavit, se pensionem [[Tributum|tributorum]] abnuiturum esse iurans ut Bellum Vietnamiense increpet.<ref>“Writers and Editors War Tax Protest” January 30, 1968 ''New York Post''</ref> Commentationes de hoc bello conscripsit, inter quas ''[[The Responsibility of Intellectuals]]'' ("de Responsabilitate Intellectualium"). Implicationem Americanam in [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum Secundum|Bello Orbis Terrarum Secundo]], ut [[Potestates Axis]] vincantur, tenet probabiliter fas fuisse, quamvis eventum belli consiliis prioribus desiti praeventive praeoptoverit. Missionem autem [[Oppugnatio atomica Hirosimae et Nagasacii|pyrobolorum atomicorum in Hirosimam et Negasacium]] "inter maxime inedicibilia historiae scelera" fuisse.<ref group="conv.">"among the most unspeakable crimes in history"</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chomsky.info/debates/19670420.htm |title=An Exchange on "The Responsibility of Intellectuals", Noam Chomsky debates with Fryar Calhoun, E. B. Murray, and Arthur Dorfman |publisher=Chomsky.info |date=1967-04-20 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref> Chomsky rectionem [[Israel (civitas)|Israëlensem]], nec non fautores eius et Civitatum Foederatarum amicitiam cum ea, propter [[Palaestinenses|populi Palaestinensis]] tractatum incusavit, quod "'Israëlis defensores' re vera degenerationem moralem eius et sine dubio deletionem eius ultimam defendunt" atque "manifestissima Israëlis electio expansionis pro securitate huic rei adducere possit."<ref group="conv.">"'supporters of Israel' are in reality supporters of its moral degeneration and probable ultimate destruction"; "Israel's very clear choice of expansion over security may well lead to that consequence."</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chomsky.info/interviews/20080606.htm |title=On the Future of Israel and Palestine |publisher=Chomsky.info |date=2008-06-06 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> Chomsky de Israële tamquam statu Iudaeo instituendo abnuit, quoniam "Non censeo statum Iudaeum sive Christianum sive Islamicum conceptum esse bonum. Civitates Foederatas statum Christianum esse recusaverim."<ref group="conv.">"I don't think a Jewish or Christian or Islamic state is a proper concept. I would object to the United States as a Christian state."</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Questions for Noam Chomsky: The Professorial Provocateur |work=The New York Times Magazine |publisher=The New York Times |date=November 2, 2003 |first=Deborah |last=Solomon |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/02/magazine/way-we-live-now-11-02-03-questions-for-noam-chomsky-professorial-provocateur.html}}.</ref> Chomsky haesit prius quam opera civilitatem Israëlensem incusantia provulgaverit dum parentes eius vivebant, nam "sciebam id eos vulnaraturum esse, praecipue propter amicos eorum, qui hysterice palam sententiis tamquam meis reagebant."<ref group="conv.">"I knew it would hurt them, mostly because of their friends, who reacted hysterically to views like those expressed in my work."</ref><ref name="Jones1988">{{cite book|last=Jones|first=Mother|title=Mother Jones Magazine|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=I-cDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA30|accessdate=16 August 2011|date=1988-10|publisher=Mother Jones|pages=30}}</ref> Die [[16 Maii]] [[2010]], auctoritates{{dubsig}} Chomsky detinuerunt denique ei in [[Cisiordania]]m per [[Iordania]]m inire non siverunt.<ref>{{cite news |title=Israel bars Noam Chomsky from West Bank |agency=Agence France-Presse |date=May 16, 2010 |work=The Gazette |publisher=Canwest Publishing Inc |url=http://www.montrealgazette.com/Israel+bars+Noam+Chomsky+from+West+Bank/3035253/story.html }}{{dead link|date=August 2011}}</ref> Primi Ministri Israëlensis interpres initus recusationem solum ob finis custodem, qui "auctoritatem suam praeteriit,"<ref group="conv.">"overstepped his authority"</ref> evenisse declaravit, secundumque ineundi conatum credibiliter situm iri.<ref name=Bronner>{{cite news |title=Israel Roiled After Chomsky Barred From West Bank |first=Ethan Bronner |work=The New York Times |date=May 17, 2010 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/18/world/middleeast/18chomsky.html?partner=rss&emc=rss }}</ref> Chomsky dissensit, nam ministral,<!--"Interior Ministry official"--> qui eum interrogaverit, ordines accepisset a superioribus: non nullas post interrogationis horas, initus ei reprobatus sit propter res, quas dicat, et nam universitatem Cisiordanianam visurus esset neque universitates ullas Israëlenses.<ref name=Bronner/> Chomsky [[Libertas loquendi|libertati loquendi]] valde favet, multumque de hac re et [[Media communicationis socialis|mediis publicis]] scripsit, et omni [[censura]]e adversatur. Ait: "Quod ad libertatem loquendi spectat, sunt duo status: vehementer eam defendis harum sententiarum causa, quas odisti, aut eam recusas formulasque Stalinistas/fascistas praeoptas."<ref group="conv.">"with regard to freedom of speech there are basically two positions: you defend it vigorously for views you hate, or you reject it and prefer Stalinist/fascist standards"</ref><ref name="ChomskyPateman2005">{{cite book|last1=Chomsky|first1=Noam|last2=Pateman|first2= Barry|title=Chomsky on Anarchism|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=_HkOaB89p7YC&pg=PA167|accessdate=16 Augusti 2011|year=2005|publisher=AK Press|isbn=978-1-904859-20-8|pages=167}}</ref> De anni [[2010]] [[Cablegate|documentorum Americanorum divulgatione]] ab [[Wikileaks]] facta, Chomsky inquit, "momenti fortasse maximi … est illud acerbum democratiae odium, quod ostendunt et Rectio CFA — [[Hilaria Clinton]], aliique — et legati."<ref group="conv.">"perhaps the most dramatic revelation … is the bitter hatred of democracy that is revealed both by the U.S. Government — Hillary Clinton, others — and also by the diplomatic service"</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chomsky.info/interviews/20101130.htm |title=WikiLeaks Cables Reveal "Profound Hatred for Democracy on the Part of Our Political Leadership" |publisher=Noam Chomsky website |accessdate=December 25, 2010}}.</ref> Chomsky eos, qui eum [[Diffamatio|diffamaverint]], in ius non vocat, sed eis epistulis publicis in diariis provulgandis adversatur. Notum huius rationis exemplum responsum eius est commentationi ab Emma Brockes in ''[[The Guardian]]'' scriptae, secundum quam ille [[Laniena Argentariae|Lanienam Argentariae]]<!--:en:Srebrenica massacre--> negavisset.<ref>{{cite web|last=Brockes |first=Emma |url=http://www.chomsky.info/onchomsky/20051031.htm |title=The Greatest Intellectual?, by Emma Brockes |publisher=Chomsky.info |date=2005-10-31 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Noam Chomsky |url=http://www.chomsky.info/letters/20051113.htm |title=Open Letter to The Guardian (ZNet)|publisher=Chomsky.info |date=2005-11-13 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Noam Chomsky |url=http://www.chomsky.info/letters/198509--.htm |title=Free speech in a Democracy, (Daily Camera) |publisher=Chomsky.info |date=1980-09-10 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> Epistula Chomskii effecit ut ''The Guardian'' correctionem divulgaret apologeticam, commentationemque a [[Situs interretialis|situ eius interretiali]] removeret.<ref>{{cite news |title=Corrections and clarifications |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2005/nov/17/pressandpublishing.corrections |publisher=The Guardian |date=2005-11-17 |accessdate=2011-04-28 }}</ref> Chomsky saepe dixit nihil nexus inter opus linguisticum sententiasque civiles eius esse, et huic rationi, bonas de rebus civilibus collocutiones perita rerum academicarum scientia egere, adversari solet. In anni [[1969]] colloquio, de nexu inter civilitate et opus suum linguisticum dixit: <blockquote> Adhuc ipse sentio quemlibet nexum tenuem esse. Eum dilatare non velim, sed mihi saltem aliquid significare puto. Cuiusdam rationibus civilibus rationibusve ad constitutionem socialem adtinentibus puto tandem in quolibet naturae humanae operumque humanorum concepto constandum esse.<ref group="conv.">"I still feel myself that there is a kind of tenuous connection. I would not want to overstate it but I think it means something to me at least. I think that anyone's political ideas or their ideas of social organization must be rooted ultimately in some concept of human nature and human needs."</ref><ref>''New Left Review'', 57, Sept. – Oct. 1969, p. 21</ref> </blockquote> Non nulli censores Chomsky hypocrisis incusaverunt cum, quamvis imperialismum militarem Americanum et Europaeanum incuset, priscae investigationes linguisticae apud MIT factae multa ex parte Americanae rei militaris pecuniam acceperant.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Chomsky Discusses Economy, Military Hegemony|author=Ghoshroy, S.|year=2008|publisher=The Tech, 128, 51}} Available online [https://web.archive.org/web/20170216050423/http://tech.mit.edu/V128/N51/chomsky.html].</ref> Chomsky arguit, quo pecuniam a re militari CFA acceperit, eo responsabilitatem magnam ei esse factorum infas eius incusandorum et occurrendorum. [[Poena capitalis|Poenae capitali]] adversatur et contra [[Stephanus Michael Woods, Jr.|Stephani Woods]] supplicium extremum<!--"execution"--> locutus est: "Poenam capitalem habeo scelus esse omnibus circumstantiis, et cummaxime in casu Stephani Woods. Vehementer supplicio extremo Stephani Woods diei 13 Septembris 2011 adversor."<ref group="conv.">"I think the death penalty is a crime no matter what the circumstances, and it is particularly awful in the Steven Woods case. I strongly oppose the execution of Steven Woods on September 13, 2011."</ref> [[Fasciculus:Noam_Chomsky_4.JPG|thumb|Noam Chomsky acroasin gregi Occupy Harvard ferens.]] Cum series [[manifestatio]]num, [[Occupy Wall Street]] nomine, [[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]] die [[17 Septembris]] [[2011]] coepta est, Chomsky approbavit (et enim [[:en:Occupy Boston|Occupy Boston]] in via allocutus est),<ref>{{cite web|author=dwgthed|url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=olxp34z_Mns |title=Noam Chomsky at Occupy Boston: Video 1 of 3|publisher=Youtube.com |date=23 Octobris 2011 |accessdate=15 Iunii 2012}}.</ref> scribens: <blockquote> Quisquam, qui oculos habeat apertos, gangsterismum [[Wall Street]] — immo institutionum argentariarum generaliter — severas calamitates populo Civitatum Foederatarum (et orbis terrarum) scit effecisse. Et enim semper magis sic egisse plures quam triginta annos, cum potestas oeconomica sua radicitus auxerit, una cum potestate sua civile. Hoc [[Circulus vitiosus|circulum vitiosum]] coepit, quo divitia immanis, et cum ea potestas civilis, congregata est minimam in populi partem, fractionem unius centesimae, dum reliquum semper magis id fit, quod interdum "[[Precariatus|precariatum]]" appellatur — ei, qui superesse in existentia precaria conantur. Ea quoque mala omnino fere impunite agunt — non solum [[too big to fail]] (scilicet "maiores quam ut fallant"), sed etiam "too big to jail" ("maiores quam ut incarcerentur"). ¶ Audaces et honorabiles manifestationes, quae in Wall Street aguntur, ad hanc calamitatem animadversioni publicae ferendam iuvent, et ad conatus dedicatos adducant ut ea superetur et societas melioretur.<ref group="conv.">"Anyone with eyes open knows that the gangsterism of Wall Street -- financial institutions generally -- has caused severe damage to the people of the United States (and the world). And should also know that it has been doing so increasingly for over 30 years, as their power in the economy has radically increased, and with it their political power. That has set in motion a vicious cycle that has concentrated immense wealth, and with it political power, in a tiny sector of the population, a fraction of 1%, while the rest increasingly become what is sometimes called "a precariat"—seeking to survive in a precarious existence. They also carry out these ugly activities with almost complete impunity—not only too big to fail, but also "too big to jail." ¶ The courageous and honorable protests underway in Wall Street should serve to bring this calamity to public attention, and to lead to dedicated efforts to overcome it and set the society on a more healthy course."</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=McVeigh|first=Karen|title=Occupy Wall Street activists name officer over pepper spray incident|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/sep/26/occupy-wall-street-police-named|accessdate=15 Iunii 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=26 Septembris 2011}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://occupywallst.org/article/noam-chomsky-solidarity/ |title=Noam Chomsky Announces Solidarity With #occupywallstreet |publisher=occupywallst.org |date=26 Septembris 2011 |accessdate=15 Iunii 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Grant|first=Drew|title=Celebrity Support for ‘Occupy Wall Street’|url=http://observer.com/2011/09/celebrity-support-for-occupy-wall-street/|accessdate=15 Iunii 2012|newspaper=New York Observer|date=30 Septembris 2011}}</ref> </blockquote> Chomsky [[Atheismus|atheus]] est.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130413030733/http://www.edge.org/discourse/bb.html#chomsky The Reality Club: BEYOND BELIEF]</ref><ref>[http://www.equaltimeforfreethought.org/2007/05/27/show-219-noam-chomsky-chomsky-on-humanism/ Show 219: Noam Chomsky – “Chomsky on Humanism” | Equal Time For Freethought | Tune in, Pay it Forward, and Question Everything!<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> ==== De mediis ==== Alius animi conspectus operis civilis Chomskii est analysis eius [[Media communicationis socialis|mediorum]], praesertim Civitatrum Foederatarum, structurarum et coactuum eorum, et huius partis, quam Chomsky eis agi retur, magnarum negotationum commodorumque statalium{{dubsig}} fulciendorum. ''[[Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media]]'', anni [[1988]] liber a Chomskio et [[Eduardus S. Herman|Eduardo S. Herman]] conscriptus, hanc rem penitus tractat, [[exemplar propagandae]] illud rerum nuntiarum ostendendo, una cum multis et prolixis causae studiis (''case study''), quae id testificentur. Hoc propagandae exemplar profert tales societates democraticiores quales CFA persubtilibus et placidis (''non-violent'') imperii modis uti, dissimilibus his, quibus systemata totalitariana utantur, qui viribus physicis prompte utantur ad populum cogendum. Ut inquit Chomsky, "[[Propaganda]] [[democratia]]e est id, quod [[fustis]] statui totalitariano."<ref group="conv.">"propaganda is to a democracy what the bludgeon is to a totalitarian state."</ref> Exemplar sibi vult explanare quandam [[Error systematicus|animi intentionem systematicam]] mediorum communicationis socialis, non propter hominum conspirationem, sed potius propter causas oeconomicas et structurales. Intentionem animi arguit a quinque "filtris" defluere, quae nuntiis omnibus "permeanda" sint,<ref group="conv.">"filters"; "pass through"</ref> quibusque coniectis nuntia systematice detorqueantur. Filtra diversas res notant. Primum filtrum, quod est [[:en:Concentration of media ownership|mediorum proprietas]], pleraque nuntiorum emissaria magnis corporationibus possideri. Filtrum secundum, q.e. argentarius commeatus<!--"funding"-->, emissaria maximam pecuniae partem ex [[praeconium|praeconio]] neque lectoribus obtinere, quam ob rem nuntia, quae provulgent, desideria [[mos|moresque]] negotationum resonent. Filtrum tertium, nuntiorum media institutionibus statalibus{{dubsig}} et negotationibus magnis, quippe quibus intentiones animi sint maximae, delitoribus uti. Quartum autem filtrum, q.e. critica, varios greges media propter inclinationem animi — inclinationem contrariam ei, quam Chomsky reatur esse — aggredi. Quintum filtrum tandem, q.e. normae, rationes communes esse inter relatores. (Hoc filtrum in textu originali, i.e. anni [[1988]], ad [[anticommunismus|anticommunismum]] spectabat. [[Unio Sovietica|Unione Sovietica]] tamen casa, dilatum est.) Exemplar igitur modum ostendat, quo media systema nec centralizatum<!--?--> nec conspiratioriale sed nihilo minus fortissimum forment, quo consensus delectorum creetur et disputationes publicae intra delectorum perspectivam conpingantur, simul atque adspectus [[democratia]]e teneatur. Exemplis duplicibus Chomsky Hermanque exemplar suum demonstrant, id est paribus exemplorum rerum persimilium. Exempli gratia, secundum eos, si "hostis publicus" aliquid faciat, sicut ministralem<!--?--> [[religio]]sum necare, prelum tam callide inquirat tantaque de hac re provulget, quam ut victimae "hostis publici" "dignae" habeantur; quodsi amicus eandem peioremve rem faciat, prelum efficiat ut [[fabula]]m minus malam, quam est, videatur, ita ut victimae [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Americanarum]] aut cuiusdam [[status cliens|status clientis]] eius "indignae" habeantur.<ref group="conv.">"public enemy"; "worthy and unworthy victims"</ref> Inter studia causarum invenitur id, quod demonstrari solet, ut liberrimi preli exemplum optimum, quod est modus, quo media [[Bellum Vietnamiense|Belli Vietnamiensis]] [[Tet Offensive]] tractaverunt. Hac quidem in re, prelum arguunt ad delectorum causam ferendam egisse. === Scientia === Chomsky [[Scientia (ratio)|scientiam]] habet explicationis inquisitionem esse, et sententiam, eam catalogum rerum explanationumve mechanicarum esse, recusat. Quocirca maxima pars contributorum eius scientiae factorum [[hypothesis|hypotheses]] fuerunt, potius quam "inventa."<ref name="mysteries of nature">{{Cite journal | last = Chomsky | first = Noam | coauthors = | title = Mysteries of Nature: How Deeply Hidden? | journal = Journal of Philosophy | volume = 106 | issue = 4 | pages = 167–200 | publisher = | year = [[2009]] | url = | issn = 0022-362X | doi = | accessdate =}} </ref> Ergo [[logica]]e critica [[Poststructuralismus|poststructuralia]] aut [[Postmodernismus|postmoderna]] nugas esse retur: <blockquote> Multum [[vita]]e meae habui quaestiones harum similes disserans, et modis solis, quos cognovi, utens; hos hic condemnatos ut "scientia," "rationalitas," "logica," et sic porro. Symbolas igitur lego, eas sperans me adiuvaturas, ut hos fines "superem," aut fortasse cursum omnino diversum admoneant. Falsus autem sum. Fortasse solum propter fines meos sic evenit. Saepius, "oculi mei vitreantur" cum rhetoricam polysyllabam lego de [[Poststructuralismus|poststructuralismo]] et [[postmodernismus|postmodernismo]]; id, quod intellego, plerumque [[truismus]] errorve est, haec autem res solum fractio est omnium verborum. Verum est multa alia esse, quae non intellego: commentationes de rebus nuper factis in [[mathematica]] et [[physica]], exempli gratia. Adest autem discrimen. Hac in re, scio, quo modo ea intellegem, idque feci, cum mea interesset; et scio quoque earum disciplinarum homines mihi ea explanare posse, ita ut (partialem) scientiam, cui studeam, accipere possim. Contra, nemo mihi explanare posse videtur, quid posthoc postqueillud sit, nisi truismus aut error aut nugae, ita ut quo modo progrediar, nesciam.<ref group="conv.">I have spent a lot of my life working on questions such as these, using the only methods I know of; those condemned here as "science", "rationality," "logic," and so on. I therefore read the papers with some hope that they would help me "transcend" these limitations, or perhaps suggest an entirely different course. I'm afraid I was disappointed. Admittedly, that may be my own limitation. Quite regularly, "my eyes glaze over" when I read polysyllabic discourse on the themes of poststructuralism and postmodernism; what I understand is largely truism or error, but that is only a fraction of the total word count. True, there are lots of other things I don't understand: the articles in the current issues of math and physics journals, for example. But there is a difference. In the latter case, I know how to get to understand them, and have done so, in cases of particular interest to me; and I also know that people in these fields can explain the contents to me at my level, so that I can gain what (partial) understanding I may want. In contrast, no one seems to be able to explain to me why the latest post-this-and-that is (for the most part) other than truism, error, or gibberish, and I do not know how to proceed.</ref><ref name="ChomskyOtero2003">{{cite book|last1=Chomsky|first1=Noam|last2=Otero|first2=Carlos Peregrín|title=Chomsky on democracy & education|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Y5Ouy4XoXPsC|accessdate=16 August 2011|year=[[2003]]|publisher=RoutledgeFalmer|isbn=978-0-415-92632-4|page=93}}</ref> </blockquote> Quamquam Chomsky scientiam credit magni momenti esse, ut ratio bona doceatur, scientiam non sat esse habet ut res multiplices velut res humanae intellegantur: <blockquote> Scientia de rebus persimplicibus agit, difficilesque quaestiones de eis poscit. Cum primum res multipliciores fiant, scientia ea tractare nequit. . . . Sed haec est valde intricata res: Scientia ei, quod in margine intellectus est, studet, et id, quod in margine est intellectus, simplicius esse solet. Et rare res humanas adtingit. Res humanae valde multipliciores sunt.<ref group="conv.">Science talks about very simple things, and asks hard questions about them. As soon as things become too complex, science can’t deal with them. . . . But it’s a complicated matter: Science studies what’s at the edge of understanding, and what’s at the edge of understanding is usually fairly simple. And it rarely reaches human affairs. Human affairs are way too complicated.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chomsky.info/debates/20060301.htm |title=Science in the Dock, Discussion with Noam Chomsky, Lawrence Krauss & Sean M. Carroll |publisher=Chomsky.info |date=2006-03-01 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref> </blockquote> === Psychologia === Opus Chomskii linguisticum graviter [[psychologia]]m movit hodiernam.<ref name="UMN Cognitive Science"/> Linguistica Chomskio ramus [[Psychologia cognitiva|psychologiae cognitivae]] est; ad verum linguisticae conspectum formandum, intellectu naturae humanae et rerum mentalium opus est. Theoria eius [[Grammatica universalis|grammaticae universalis]] a multis visa est ut illius temporis [[Behaviorismus|behaviorismo]] provocatio, et consequentias graves illi scientiae tulit, cum investigaverit, quo modo liberi [[lingua]]m discant, quidque sit potestas lingua utendi. [[Fasciculus:Noam Chomsky, 2004.jpg|thumb|left|Noam Chomsky [[Vancuverium|Vancuverii]] [[Columbia Britannica|Columbiae Britannicae]] anno [[2004]]]] Anno [[1959]], Chomsky critica divulgavit libri [[B. F. Skinner]] ''[[Verbal Behavior]]'', quo Skinner res theoricas linguae, quae ad behaviorismum pertinebant, obtulerat. Is "verbal behavior" (sc. ''mores verbales'') habebat esse mores discitos, quibus sunt consecutiones propriae per aliorum mores discitos delatae. Quam ob rem conspectus morum ad communicationem adtinentium, quem liber tractabat, valde maior erat eo, quem linguistae adire solent. Skinneri disciplina circumstantias, in quibus lingua usurpatur, intuebatur; verbi gratia, discrimen functionale est inter aquam petendam et aliquid aquam dicendum et aliquem, qui aquam petat, respondendum. Ea responsorum genera functionaliter diversa, quae explicationibus diversis egebant, cum et traditionalibus linguae rationibus et psycholinguistica Chomskii disciplina dissentiebant. Chomsky explicationem functionalem ad quaestiones de actu communicativo coactam gravia credebat neglegare.<ref>Chomsky—Language and Mind, 1968.</ref> Quaestionibus operam dedit de operatione progressioneque innatarum structurarum ad [[Syntaxis|syntaxin]] pertinentium, quae possint verba et phrases adparare, cohaerescere, aptare, componere in loquellam, quae intellegatur. Chomsky in critica sua affirmavit applicationem scientificam behavioralium doctrinarum, quae de investigationibus in [[animal]]ibus factis deducuntur, severe delinquere, et superficialem esse morum verbalium humanorum explanationem, quia theoria, quae sese in condicionibus externalibus adstringat, ei, "quod compertum" sit,<ref group="conv.">"what is learned"</ref> non satis grammaticam generativam interpretetur. Chomsky exempli causa liberorum citam linguae adquisitionem usurpavit, et facultatem suam, quae cito crescat, phrasium grammaticalium creandarum, et linguae universaliter creativum usum a [[sermo patrius|locutoribus nativis]]<!--?nativis--> ostensum. Quas ob res Chomsky habet Skinneri sententiam exemplificavisse theoriae testimonio factae limitationes. Dotationem [[Genum|geneticam]] prius esse proponendam, quam mores verbales<!--?--> humani, tamquam usus linguistici et evolutionis linguisticae creativae partes, intellegi possint. Sententia quidem, secundum qualem partes linguae genimen sint facultatis innatae et universalis, Skinneri behaviorismo radicali adversatur. Chomskii anni [[1959]] scriptum critica a multis concepit, quibus interfuit illa [[Canicus MacCorquodale|Canici MacCorquodale]] anno [[1970]] vulgata, nomine ''On Chomsky's Review of Skinner's Verbal Behavior''<ref>''Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior,'' volumen 13, pp. 83–99.</ref> (scilicet "De Chomskii Iudicio Verbalium Morum Skinneri"). Canici MacCorquodale argumentum gravi modo a Nathan Stemmer expassum est in anni [[1990]] symbola, ''Skinner's Verbal Behavior, Chomsky's review, and mentalism''<ref>''Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior,'' volumen 54, pp. 307–319.</ref> (sc. "De Skinneri Moribus Verbalibus, criticis Chomskii, mentalismoque"). Haec et similia critica non nulla disputaverunt, quae extra psychologiam behavioralem non dici solent, tamquam Chomsky parum behavioralismum, dissimilitudinemve inter behavioralismum Skinnerianum varietatesque eius alias, intellegere, ideoque in multis graviter erravisse. Critici critica Chomskiana ceterum censent fefellisse in eo, quod demonstrandum, demonstrando, et in opere Skinneri aliorumque detorquerendo, rebus extra contextum citandis.<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2774611/?tool=pmcentrez Journal citation PMC2774611 - An Underdiscussed Aspect of Chomsky (1959)]</ref> Chomsky critica sua dicit ad modum directa esse, quo Skinneri psychologiae behavioralis typus "in Quineano empirismo philosophiaeque naturalizatione" usurpatus esset.<ref group="conv.">"was being used in Quinean empiricism and naturalization of philosophy"</ref><ref>Barsky (1997), {{cite web|url=http://cognet.mit.edu/library/books/chomsky/chomsky/3/2.html |title=Chapter 3|accessdate=2007-09-04}}.</ref> Postulatum est, critica Chomskii methodologiae et assumptionum Skinneri "[[Res novae cognitivae|rebus novis cognitivis]]" ("cognitive revolution") viam delapidavisse, quae est conversio in rebus psychologicis Americanis inter annos 1950 et 1970 facta, ut potius cognitivae essent quam behaviorales. In ''Cartesian Linguistics'' anni [[1966]] opere suo (sc. "Linguistica [[Renatus Cartesius|Cartesiana]]"), et enim in operibus consequentibus, Chomsky explanationem linguisticarum hominis facultatum ostendit, quae exemplar facta est, quod et hodie non nullis psychologicis rebus scrutandis adhibetur. Multae rationes hodiernae ad modum, quo mens munere suo fungatur, pertinentes, ex scriptis Chomskii nobis venerunt. Hae rationes sunt tres. * Mentem "cognitivam" esse, mentem id est re vera status mentales, sententias, dubia, et sic porro, continere. * Plerasque ex gravibus linguae et mentis virtutibus innatas esse. Adquisitionem linguae et progressionem exire pronitate innata, quae rerum externarum experientia incipiatur. Nexus inter innatam humanam linguae abilitatem et hereditatem causa fuit eminens in Chomskii et [[Ioannes Piaget|Ioannis Piaget]] disputatione, apud [[Regalis Mons|Regalem Montem]] anno [[1975]] habitam.<ref>''Language and Learning: The Debate between Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky'' (Harvard University Press, 1980).</ref> Quamquam nexus inter compositionem [[Genum|geneticam]] hominis et linguae abilitatem illo tempore et postea conlatus est, longe adhuc ab geneticis linguae humanae fundamentis intellengendis absumus. Opus de exemplari stabilitationis selectivae [[Synapsis chemica|synapsium]] deductum ab [[Ioannes Petrus Changeux|Ioanne Petro Changeux]], Philippe Courrège, [[Antonius Danchin|Antonioque Danchin]] factum,<ref> {{Cite journal |doi=10.1073/pnas.70.10.2974 |author=Changeux, Jean-Pierre; Courrége, Philippe; Danchin, Antoine |title=A Theory of the Epigenesis of Neuronal Networks by Selective Stabilization of Synapses |publisher=PNAS |pages=2974–8 |date=October [[1973]] |issue=10 | volume=70 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |pmid=4517949 |pmc=427150}} </ref> et recentius theoria et experientia ab [[Iacobus Mehler|Iacobo Mehler]] et [[Stanislas Dehaene]] confirmatum, praesertim quod ad [[Cognitio numerica|cognitionem numericam]] (''numerical cognition'') adtinet, "nativismo" Chomskiano adiuvat. De genere legum, quae nexus [[neuron]]ales componerent ad linguam admittendam, [[nihil]] ostendit. Psychologi consequentes "nativistam" thesin illam ultra linguam tetenderunt. * "[[Modularitas Mentis|Modularitatis]]" conceptum, cognitivam ad mentis architecturam spectans. Mentem diversorum et inter se agentium et specialium (''specialised'') subsystematum esse. Quod acriter de ratione, qua ulla res in mente sita processibus cognitivis adtingi possit, discrepat. == Disputationes == [[Fasciculus:Noam Chomsky WSF - 2003.jpg|thumb|Chomsky apud [[Forum Sociale Mundi]] ([[Portus Alacer in Brasilia|Portu Alacro]] in urbe) anno 2003 sermocinatur.]] Chomsky suas sententias de [[philosophia]], [[linguistica]], [[civilitas|civilitate]] disputare solet.<ref name="szabo"/> Id fecit cum [[Ioannes Piaget|Ioanne Piaget]],<ref>Massimo Piatelli-Palmarini, ed., ''Language and Learning: The Debate Between Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky'' (Routledge, 1975).</ref> [[Michael Foucault|Michaele Foucault]],<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=http://www.chomsky.info/debates/1971xxxx.htm |title='&#39;The Chomsky–Foucault Debate: On Human Nature'&#39; |publisher=Chomsky.info |date= |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> [[Gulielmus F. Buckley, Jr.|Gulielmo F. Buckley, Jr.]],<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VYlMEVTa-PI William F. Buckley vs. Noam Chomsky], YouTube.</ref> [[Christophorus Hitchens|Christophoro Hitchens]],<ref>Noam Chomsky "[https://web.archive.org/web/20110629132011/http://www.counterpunch.org/chomskybomb.html A Quick Reaction]", ''Counterpunch'' September 12, 2001.</ref><ref>Christopher Hitchens, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130325182025/http://www.thenation.com/doc/20011008/hitchens Against Rationalization: Minority Report]", ''The Nation'', [[24 Septembris]] [[2001]].</ref><ref>Christopher Hitchens, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130325182015/http://www.thenation.com/doc/20011008/hitchens20010924 Of Sin, the Left & Islamic Fascism]", ''The Nation'', [[2001]].</ref><ref>Noam Chomsky, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130325181955/http://www.thenation.com/doc/20011015/chomsky20011001 Reply to Hitchens]", ''The Nation'', [[2001]].</ref><ref>Christopher Hitchens, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130325182036/http://www.thenation.com/doc/20011015/hitchens20011004 A Rejoinder to Noam Chomsky]", ''The Nation'', 2001.</ref><ref>Noam Chomsky, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130325182005/http://www.thenation.com/doc/20011015/chomsky20011004 Reply to Hitchens' 'Rejoinder']", ''The Nation'', [[2001]].</ref> [[Georgius Lakoff|Georgio Lakoff]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1973/jul/19/chomsky-replies/ |title=The New York Review of Books, "Chomsky Replies", 1973 20;12 |publisher=Nybooks.com |date= |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> [[Richardus Perle|Richardo Perle]],<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNAGE9rLFRg Chomsky vs. Perle], YouTube.</ref> [[Hilarius Putnam|Hilario Putnam]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110511153421/http://blip.tv/file/420305 Hilary Putnam, "Externalism: Its Motivation and Its Critics"], Harvard University, 2007.</ref> [[Willard Van Orman Quine|Willard Quine]],<ref>K. U. Leuven, [https://web.archive.org/web/20170807035109/http://www.researchportal.be/en/project/an-epistemological-reading-of-the-debate-between-quine-and-chomsky--(KUL_3H050619)/ "An Epistemological Reading of the Debate between Quine and Chomsky"], October 2003.</ref> [[Alanus Dershowitz|Alanoque Dershowitz]].<ref>[http://www.democracynow.org/2005/12/23/noam_chomsky_v_alan_dershowitz_a "Noam Chomsky v. Alan Dershowitz: A Debate on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict"], Democracy Now!, [[23 Decembris]] [[2005]].</ref> Modo loquendi suo propter taeditudinem incusato, inquit Chomky, "locutor taediosus sum hocque mihi placet . . . non credo multos personae, quidcumque sit illa, allici . . . controversiis student, et controversiis student nam sunt magni momenti."<ref group="conv.">"I'm a boring speaker and I like it that way. . . . I doubt that people are attracted to whatever the persona is. . . . People are interested in the issues, and they're interested in the issues because they are important."</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdverdict.com/reviews/chomskyrebel.php |title=Chomsky Rebel |publisher=Dvdverdict.com |date=2005-05-16 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> "Eloquentia superficiali, motu animi et sic porro circumagi nolumus."<ref group="conv.">"We don't want to be swayed by superficial eloquence, by emotion and so on."</ref><ref>Noam Chomsky, [https://web.archive.org/web/20150923203125/http://www.chomsky.info/interviews/19990120.htm "False, False, False, and False: Noam Chomsky interviewed by Ray Suarez"], [[20 Ianuarii]] [[1999]] ''Chomsky.info.''</ref> == Auctoritas == Exemplaria Chomskiana fundamenti theoretici causa in multis disciplinis adhibentur. [[Hierarchia Chomskiana]] doceri simplicibus in [[informatica]]e cursibus solet, cum generum variorum [[Lingua formalis|linguarum formalium]] offerat conspectum. Haec hierarchia in rebus [[mathematica|mathematicis]] quoque conferri potest<ref>{{cite web |last=Sakharov|first=Alex|title=Grammar|publisher=MathWorld|date=[[12 Maii]] [[2003]]|url=http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Grammar.html|accessdate=2007-09-04}}.</ref> studiaque inter mathematicos citavit, praesertim [[Combinatoria|combinatores]]. Argumenta [[psychologia evolutionaris|psychologiae evolutionaris]] non nulla ab exquaesitionis proventibus suae oriuntur.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lecture 6: Evolutionary Psychology, Problem Solving, and 'Machiavellian' Intelligence|publisher=Massey University|work=School of Psychology|year=[[1996]]|url=http://evolution.massey.ac.nz/lecture6/lect600.htm|accessdate=2007-09-04 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070117055247/http://evolution.massey.ac.nz/lecture6/lect600.htm |archivedate = [[17 Ianuarii]] [[2007]]}}.</ref> [[Nicolaus K. Jerne]], anni [[1984]] [[Praemium Nobelianum|Praemii Nobeliani]] [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae|physiologiae et medicinae]] laureatus, exemplare generativo Chomskii usus est ut [[systema immunitatis]] humanum explicaret coaequando "grammaticae generativae constituta … una cum proprietatibus compositionis [[Proteinum|proteinorum]] variis."<ref group="conv.">"components of a generative grammar . . . with various features of protein structures"</ref> Titulus Nicolai Jerne acroasis Nobelianae [[Holmia]]e datae erat "De Grammatica Generativa Systematis Immunitatis."<ref group="conv.">"The Generative Grammar of the Immune System"</ref> [[Nim Chimpsky]], [[Pan (genus)|pan]] studii causa de [[animal]]ium adeptione linguistica apud [[Universitas Columbiana|Universitatem Columbianam]] habitum, e Chomskio appellatus est (''pan'' [[Lingua Anglica|Anglice]] dicitur ''chimp'') cum Chomsky adeptionem linguisticam haberet facultatem solummodo humanam esse. [[Donaldus Knuth]], informaticae peritus, inquit, "Me fateor mecum apportavisse Noam Chomskii librum ''[[Syntactic Structures]]'' in [[Luna mellis|lunam mellis]] meam anno [[1961]]. . . . Ecce res mirabilis: doctrina linguarum mathematica, in qua [[programmatura|programmatoris]] intuitu uti potuerim!"<ref group="conv.">"I must admit to taking a copy of Noam Chomsky's Syntactic Structures along with me on my honeymoon in 1961. … Here was a marvelous thing: a mathematical theory of language in which I could use a computer programmer's intuition!"</ref><ref name="Knuth">{{citation |last=Knuth | |first=Donald | |authorlink= Donald Knuth |title=Selected Papers on Computer Languages |series=CSLI Lecture Notes |url=http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~knuth/cl.html |year=[[2003]] | |publisher=Center for the Study of Language and Information |location=Stanfordiae Californiae}}</ref> Inter [[linguista]]s quos opera Chomskiana movent est [[Andreas Carnie]]. == Academica facta, praemia, honores == Anno [[1969|1969 ineunte]], [[Acroases Ioannis Lockii]] apud [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatem Oxoniensem]] egit; mense Ianuario [[1970]], Acroasin Memorialem [[Bertrandus Russell|Bertrandi Russell]] apud [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitas Cantabrigiensem]]; anno [[1972]], Acroasin Memorialem [[Jawaharlal Nehru|Nehru]] [[Dellium Novum|Dellii Novi]]; anno [[1977]], Acroasin Huizinga [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]; anno [[1988]] [[Acroases Massey]] apud [[Universitas Torontonensis|Universitatem Torontonensem]], "Necessary Illusions: Thought Control in Democratic Societies" nomine; anno [[1997]], Acroasin Memorialem Davie de [[Libertas philosophandi|Libertate Philosophandi]] [[Civitas Capitis|Civitate Capitis]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uct.ac.za/mondaypaper/archives/?id=4104 |title=Van Zyl Slabbert to present TB Davie Memorial Lecture |publisher=Uct.ac.za |date=[[13 Octobris]] [[2003]] |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> inter multa alia.<ref>[http://mitworld.mit.edu/video/403/ The Current Crisis in the Middle East: About the Lecture]. ''MIT World''.</ref> Chomsky multos [[gradus honoris causa]] ab [[universitas|universitatibus]] totum per orbem terrarum accepit, inter quas: {{div col|cols=4}} * [[Universitas Londiniensis]] * [[Universitas Chicaginiensis]] * [[Universitas Chicaginiensis Loyola]] * [[Collegium Swarthmore]] * [[Universitas Dellii]] * [[Collegium Bard]] * [[Universitas Massachusettensium]] * [[Universitas Pennsylvaniensis]] * [[Universitas Georgiopolitana]] * [[Collegium Amherstensis]] * [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis]] * [[Universitas Coloratensis]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cu.edu/regents/Awards/AwardsMaster.htm |title=CU Regents |publisher=Cu.edu|accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref> * [[Universitas Bonaeropolitana]] * [[Universitas McGill]] * [[Rovira i Virgili University]]{{dubsig}} * [[Universitas Columbiana]] * [[Universitas Villae Novae]] * [[University of Connecticut]] * [[University of Maine]] * [[Schola Normalis Superior Pisarum]] * [[University of Western Ontario]] * [[Universitas Torontonensis]] * [[Universitas Harvardiana]] * [[Universitas Tsiliensis]]{{dubsig}} * [[Alma Mater Studiorum]] Bononiensis * [[Universidad de La Frontera]]{{dubsig}} * [[Universitas Calcuttensis]] * [[Universitas Civitatis Colombiae]] * [[Universitas Bruxellensis]] * [[Santo Domingo Institute of Technology]]{{dubsig}} * [[Universitas Upsaliensis]] * [[Universitas Athenarum]] * [[Universitas Cypri]] * [[Universitas Civitatis Connecticutae Mediae]] * [[Universitas Nationalis Autonoma Mexici]] (UNAM) * [[Universitas Pechini]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.pku.edu.cn/News_Events/News/Campus/6797.htm |title=Welcome to Peking University |publisher=English.pku.edu.cn |date=2010-08-13 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref> * [[Universitas Civitatis Tsing Hua]]{{dubsig}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinatoday.com.cn/ctenglish/se/txt/2010-08/23/content_293243.htm |title=Noam Chomsky Lectured in Beijing |publisher=Chinatoday.com.cn |date=2010-12-12 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref> {{div col end}} Socius est [[Academia Americana Artium et Scientiarum|Academiae Americanae Artium et Scientiarum]], [[Civitatum Foederatarum Academia Nationalis Scientiarum|Academiae Nationalis Civitatum Foederatarum Scientiarum]], [[Societas Philosophica Americana|Societatis Philosophicae Americanae]], [[Academia Serbiana Scientiarum et Artium|Academiae Serbianae Scientiarum et Artium]] in Facultate Scientiarum Socialium,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171110171401/http://www.sanu.ac.rs/english/Clanstvo/Clanstvo.aspx?arg=odeljenja,06 Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts - Department of Social Sciences members] Accessum [[11 Februarii]] [[2012]].</ref> necnon aliarum societatum in Civitatibus Foederatis forasque fundatarum. [[Societas Psychologica Americana|Societatis Psychologicae Americanae]] Praemium Contributi Scientifici Excellentis<ref group="conv.">"Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award."</ref> accepit, [[Praemium Kyoti]] in Scientiis Fundamentalibus, Insigne Helmholtz,<ref group="conv.">"Helmholtz Medal."</ref> Praemium Dorotheae Eldridge Pacificatoris,<ref group="conv.">"Dorothy Eldridge Peacemaker Award."</ref> anni [[1999]] Insigne Beniamini Franklinii in Scientiis Informaticis Cognitivisque.<ref group="conv.">"Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science."</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chomsky.info/bios/2002----.htm |title=Noam Chomsky, MIT Linguistics Program |publisher=Chomsky.info |date=1928-12-07 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref> Bis (annibus [[1987]] et [[1989]]) [[Orwell Award]] accepit, Concilio Nationali Doctorum Linguae Anglicae datum, propter "contributa excellentia honestati et claritati sermonis publici facta."<ref group="conv.">"The National Council of Teachers of English"; "Distinguished Contributions to Honesty and Clarity in Public Language"</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncte.org/library/NCTEFiles/Involved/Volunteer/Appointed%20Groups/Past_Recipients_Orwell_Award.pdf |title=Past Recipients of the NCTE Orwell Award |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=[[16 Augusti]] [[2011]]}}</ref> Anno [[2005]], Chomsky honorarium accepit consortium<ref group="conv.">"honorary fellowship"</ref> [[Societas Litteraria et Historica (University College Dublin)|Societatis Litterariae et Historicae]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://soundtracksforthem.com/blog/?p=81 |title=Interviews Polathicks/Society » Interview: Noam Chomsky Speaks Out On Education and Power |publisher=Soundtracksforthem |date=[[20 Septembria]] [[2005]] |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> anno 2007, [[Universitas Upsaliensis|Universitatis Upsaliensis]] ([[Suecia]]e) Gradum Honorarium Doctoris in commemoratione [[Carolus Linnaeus|Caroli Linnaei]];<ref group="conv.">"Honorary Doctor's degree in commemoration of Carolus Linnaeus."</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Uppsala University’s Honorary Doctorates in Commemoration of Linnaeus|publisher=[[Uppsala University]]|date=2007-02-13|url=http://info.uu.se/press.nsf/pm/uppsala.universitys.id0AC.html|accessdate=2007-09-04}}</ref> mense Februario [[2008]], Insigne Praesidentis Societatis Litterariae et Disputationum<ref group="conv.">"President's Medal"; "Literary and Debating Society."</ref> a [[National University of Ireland, Galway]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110511134531/http://www.literaryanddebating.com/press/80-archbishop-desmond-tutu-to-speak-to-litndeb; excerpt:the Literary and Debating Society’s President’s Medal, the society’s achievement award, [has] been won in the past by the likes of Noam Chomsky, Senator Mike Gravel, Congressman Bruce Morrison, journalist Fintan O’Toole and, playwright, Tom Murphy.</ref> Ex anno [[2009]] honorarius socius est societatis [[IAPTI]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aipti.org/eng/honorary_members/ |title=Noam Chomsky, honorary member of IAPTI |publisher=Aipti.org |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> Anno [[2010]], Chomsky Praemium [[Ericus Fromm|Erici Fromm]] [[Stutgardia]]e in [[Germania]] accepit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.erich-fromm.de/biophil/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=190:the-2010-erich-fromm-prize-to-noam-chomsky&catid=54:latest-news |title=The 2010 Erich Fromm Prize to Noam Chomsky |accessdate=2010-04-05 |date=2010-01-16 |publisher=International Erich Fromm Society}}.</ref> Mense Aprili eiusdem anni, Chomsky tertius scholasticus factus est, qui [[Universitas of Wisconsin–Madison|Universitatis of Wisconsin–Madison]] A.E. Havens Center's Award for Lifetime Contribution to Critical Scholarship admiserit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.news.wisc.edu/17889 |title=Author, activist Noam Chomsky to receive award |publisher=News.wisc.edu |date=2010-03-29 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> [[Numerus Erdős]] eius est [[quattuor]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Some Famous People with Finite Erdös Numbers|url=http://www.oakland.edu/enp/erdpaths/|work=The Erdös Number Project|publisher=Oakland University|accessdate=[[18 Septembris]] [[2011]]}}.</ref> Suffragium in [[The 2005 Global Intellectuals Poll]], [[periodicum|periodico]] Britannico ''[[Prospect (periodicum)|Prospect]]'' facto, habuit Chomsky principem [[Intellectualis publicus|intellectualem publicum]] esse. De hac re inquit ille: "Suffragiis non do multam operam."<ref group="conv.">"I don't pay a lot of attention to polls."</ref><ref> {{cite web |title=Chomsky named top intellectual: British poll |publisher=Breitbart.com |date=2005-10-18 |url=http://www.breitbart.com/news/2005/10/18/051018152652.77esbn1j.html |accessdate=2007-09-04}} </ref> In indice "Heroes nostrae aetatis"<ref group="conv.">"Heroes or our time"</ref> anni [[2006]] periodico ''[[New Statesman]]'' facto, qui quoque suffragio compositus est, Chomsky septimum locum habuit.<ref>{{cite web |last=Cowley |first=Jason |title=Heroes of Our Time |publisher=''[[New Statesman]]'' |date=2006-05-22 |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/200605220016 |accessdate=2007-09-04}}</ref> [[Viggo Mortensen]] [[histrio]] Americanus, una cum [[Buckethead]] citharista ''[[avant-garde]]'', album anno 2006 divulgatum, ''[[Pandemoniumfromamerica]]'' appellatum, Chomskio consecraverunt.<ref>{{cite web|title=Viggo Mortensen's Spoken Word & Music CDs|url=http://www.viggofanbase.com/cds/#pfa|publisher=Viggo Fan Base}}</ref> Die [[22 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] spectaculum honorarium Chomskio datum est in [[Auditorium Kresge|Auditorio Kresge]] apud MIT.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.edwardmanukyan.com/concerts/chomsky_tribute.html |title=Noam Chomsky Honorary Concert |publisher=Edwardmanukyan.com |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref><ref> {{cite news |last=Weininger |first=David |title=Chomsky Tribute |publisher=Boston Globe |date=2010-01-21 |url=http://www.boston.com/ae/music/articles/2010/01/22/fours_a_charm_for_parker_quartet/ |accessdate=2010-03-16}}</ref> Spectaculum, cui adfuerunt Chomsky et sui, musica ab [[Eduardus Manukyan|Eduardo Manukyan]] confecta usum est et orationibus a Chomskii collegis factis, inter quos [[David Pesetsky]] ex [[MIT]] et [[Gennaro Chierchia]], capite facultatis linguisticae in [[Universitas Harvardiana|Universitate Harvardiana]]. Mense Iunio [[2011]], Chomsky [[Sydney Peace Prize]] accepit propter eius "indeficientem virtutem, criticam potestatis analysin, humanorum promotionem iurum."<ref group="conv.">"unfailing courage, critical analysis of power and promotion of human rights"</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/books/controversy-dogs-chomsky-as-he-accepts-sydney-peace-prize-20110601-1fgqf.html#ixzz1O7yqP75P |title=Controversy dogs Chomsky as he accepts Sydney Peace Prize |publisher=Smh.com.au |date=2011-06-02 |accessdate=2011-08-16}}.</ref> Anno [[2011]], in periodici [[IEEE Intelligent Systems]] ''[[Intellegentia artificialis|AI]]'s Hall of Fame'' positus est propter "contributa ponderosa agro [[Intellegentia artificialis|intellegentiae artificialis]] et systematum intellegentium facta."<ref group="conv.">"significant contributions to the field of AI and intelligent systems"</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1109/MIS.2011.64 | title = AI's Hall of Fame | url = http://www.computer.org/cms/Computer.org/ComputingNow/homepage/2011/0811/rW_IS_AIsHallofFame.pdf | journal = [[IEEE Intelligent Systems]] | publisher = [[IEEE Computer Society]] | volume = 26 | issue = 4 | pages = 5–15 | year = 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/399442 |title=IEEE Computer Society Magazine Honors Artificial Intelligence Leaders |newspaper=[[DigitalJournal.com]] |date=[[24 Augusti]] [[2011]] |accessdate=[[18 Septembris]] [[2011]] }} Press release source: ''[[PRWeb]]'' ([[Vocus]]).</ref> == Bibliographia == {{Main|Bibliographia Noam Chomsky}} <!--Nolite bibliographiam hic augere, sed potius commentationem "Bibliographia Noam Chomsky" incipere.--> ; Opera scientifica potiora * 1957 : ''Syntactic Structures''. Hagae Comitum: Mouton * 1959 : "[https://web.archive.org/web/20150929070654/http://www.chomsky.info/articles/1967----.htm ''Verbal behavior'' by B. F. Skinner]": recensio in ''Language'' vol. 35 pp. 26–58 * 1965 : ''Aspects of the Theory of Syntax''. Cantabrigiae Massachusettensium: MIT Press * 1966 : ''Cartesian Linguistics: A Chapter in the History of Rationalist Thought'' * 1968 : ''Language and Mind''. Novi Eboraci: Harcourt Brace & World * 1968 (cum [[Morris Halle]]) : ''The Sound Pattern of English''. Novi Eboraci: Harper & Row * 1981 : ''Lectures on Government and Binding'' * 1986 : ''Knowledge of Language. Its Nature, Origin and Use'' * 1993 : ''Language and Thought'' * 1995 : ''The Minimalist Program'' ; Opera politica potiora * 1967 : "[http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1967/feb/23/a-special-supplement-the-responsibility-of-intelle/ The Responsibility of Intellectuals]" in ''[[New York Review of Books]]'' vol. 8 no. 3 (23 Feb. 1967) * 1969 : ''American Power and the New Mandarins. Historical and Political Essays''. Novi Eboraci: Pantheon * 1971 : ''Problems of Knowledge and Freedom. The Russell Lectures''. Novi Eboraci: Pantheon * 1973 divulgandum, ab editore retractum : ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20040611022032/http://mass-multi-media.com/CRV Counter-Revolutionary Violence: Bloodbaths in Fact & Propaganda]'' * 1979 (cum Edward S. Herman) : ''The Political Economics of Human Rights''. 2 voll. Bostoniae: South End Press * 1983 : ''The Fateful Triangle. The United States, Israel and the Palestinians'' * 1987 : ''On power and ideology: the Managua lectures''. Bostoniae: South End Press {{Google Books|Ot6pRjxv2ykC|Paginae selectae}} * 1988 : ''Language and Politics''. Monte Regio: Black Rose * 1988 (cum Edward S. Herman) : ''Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media''. Novi Eboraci: Pantheon * 1989 : ''Necessary Illusions: Thought Control in Democratic Societies''. Bostoniae: South End Press * 1992 : ''Deterring Democracy''. Novi Eboraci: Hill and Wang * 1996 : ''Powers and Prospects: Reflections on Human Nature and the Social Order''. Bostoniae: South End Press [http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/anarchist_archives/chomsky/powerandprospects.pdf Textus interretialis] * 2000 : ''Rogue States: The Rule of Force in World Affairs''. Bostoniae: South End Press * 2001 : ''9-11''. Novi Eboraci: Seven Stories Press * 2003 : ''Hegemony or Survival''. Novi Eboraci: Metropolitan Books * 2006 : ''Failed States. The Abuse of Power and the Assault on Democracy''. Novi Eboraci: Metropolitan Books * 2008 (editore Anthony Arnove) : ''The Essential Chomsky''. Novi Eboraci: Vintage ; De vita et opere * {{Cite book|last=Barsky |first=Robert F. |authorlink=Robertus Barsky |year=1997 |title=Noam Chomsky: A Life of Dissent |url=https://archive.org/details/noamchomskylifeo0000bars |location=Cambridge, MA |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |isbn=978-0-262-02418-1}} * {{Cite web|last=Kreisler |first=Harry |day=22 |month= March |year= 2002 |title=Activism, Anarchism, and Power: Conversation with Noam Chomsky |url=http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/people2/Chomsky/chomsky-con1.html |work=Conversations with History |publisher=Institute of International Studies, UC Berkeley}} * {{Cite book|last=Lyons |first=John |authorlink=John Lyons (linguist) |year=1978 |title=Noam Chomsky ''(revised edition)'' |url=https://archive.org/details/noamchomsky0000lyon |location=Harmondsworth |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=978-0-140-04370-9}} * Pateman, Barry, ed. (2005). ''Chomsky on anarchism''. AK Press. ISBN 978-1-904859-20-8. * {{Cite book|last=Poole|first=Geoffrey|year=2005|chapter=Noam Chomsky|title=''In Siobhan Chapman and Christopher Routledge, eds.,'' Key Thinkers in Linguistics and the Philosophy of Language ''(pp.&nbsp;53–59)''|location=Edinburgh|publisher=[[Edinburgh University Press]]|isbn=978-0-748-61757-9}} * Piatelli-Palmarini, Massimo, ed. (1975). ''Language and Learning: The Debate Between Jean Piaget and Noam Chomsky''. Londinii: Routledge * {{Cite journal|last=Rabbani|first=Mouin|authorlink=Mouin Rabbani|year=2012|title=Reflections on a Lifetime of Engagement with Zionism, the Palestine Question, and American Empire: An Interview with Noam Chomsky|url=http://www.palestine-studies.org/journals.aspx?id=11394&jid=1&href=fulltext|journal=[[Journal of Palestine Studies]]|volume=41|issue=3|pages=92–120|doi=10.1525/jps.2012.XLI.3.92}} == Cinematographia == {{div col|2}} * ''[[Manufacturing Consent: Noam Chomsky and the Media]]'', [[Moderator cinematographicus|Moderatores]]: [[Marcus Achbar]] et [[Petrus Wintonick]] (1992) * ''Last Party 2000'', Moderatrices: Rebecca Chaiklin et Donovan Leitch (2001) * ''Power and Terror: Noam Chomsky in Our Times'', Moderator: Ioannes Junkerman (2002) * ''Distorted Morality—America's War On Terror?'', Moderator: Ioannes Junkerman (2003) * ''Noam Chomsky: Rebel Without a Pause'' (TV), Moderator: Gulielmus Pascoe (2003) * ''[[The Corporation (film)|The Corporation]]'', Moderatores: Marcus Achbar et [[Jennifer Abbott]]; Writer: [[Joel Bakan]] (2003) * ''[[Peace, Propaganda & the Promised Land]]'', Moderatores: [[Sut Jhally]] et [[Bathsheba Ratzkoff]] (2004) * ''On Power, Dissent and Racism: A discussion with Noam Chomsky'', Journalist: Nicolas Rossier; Producers: Eli Choukri, Baraka Productions (2004) * ''[[Lake of Fire (film)|Lake of Fire]]'', Moderator: [[Antonius Kaye (moderator)|Antonius Kaye]] (2006) * ''[[American Feud: A History of Conservatives and Liberals]]'', Moderator: [[Ricardus Hall]] (2008) * ''Chomsky & Cie'' Moderator: [[Oliviarius Azam]] (2008) * ''[[An Inconvenient Tax]]'', Moderator: Christopher P. Marshall (2009) * ''The Money Fix,'' Moderator: Alanus Rosenblith (2009) * ''[[Pax Americana and the Weaponization of Space]]'', Moderator: [[Dionysius Delestrac]] (2010) * ''Article 12: Waking up in a surveillance society'', Moderator: Ioannes Emmanuel Biaiñ (2010) {{div col end}} {{NexInt}} * "[[Colorless green ideas sleep furiously]]" * ''[[Educating Eve]]'' * [[Scientia cognitiva]] == Notae == <references /> === Citationes Latine conversae === <references group="conv." /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{CommuniaCat|Noam Chomsky}} * [[wikinews:Interview with US political activist and philosopher Noam Chomsky]] * [http://www.chomsky.info/ chomsky.info De Chomsky] apud www.chomsky.info * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070210081306/http://web.mit.edu/linguistics/www/chomsky.home.html Noam Chomsky] apud web.mit.edu ([[Massachusettense Institutum Technologiae|MIT]]) * {{Dmoz|Science/Social_Sciences/Linguistics/People/Chomsky%2C_Noam/}} * [http://libcom.org/tags/noam-chomsky Commentationes Noam Chomsky,] apud libcom.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120216234439/http://www.democracynow.org/tags/noam_chomsky Noam Chomsky,] apud www.democracynow.org ([[Democracy Now!]]) * [http://www.guardian.co.uk/profile/noamchomsky Column archive,] apud www.guardian.co.uk (''[[The Guardian]]'') * [http://www.c-span.org/person/?noamchomsky Adspectus] apud ''C-SPAN'' ** [http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/Chom ''In Depth,''] colloquium cum Chomsky, die [[1 Iunii]] [[2003]] * {{Charlie Rose view|440}} * {{IMDb name|0159008|Noam Chomskio}} * {{Worldcat id|lccn-n79-104267}} * {{ZSpace|noamchomsky}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080412095048/http://anarchismtoday.org/News/topic=12.html Commentationes] et [https://web.archive.org/web/20121105045532/http://anarchismtoday.org/DF_Multimedia/categoryby=17.html visifica] quibus interest Noam Chomsky apud [http://AnarchismToday.org/ AnarchismToday.org] * {{Guardiantopic|world/noam-chomsky}} * {{JPosttopic|Noam_Chomsky}} * {{NYTtopic|people/c/noam_chomsky}} * {{MathGenealogy|id=82231}} * {{AIGenealogy|id=5973}} * {{Perlentaucher|noam-chomsky|a|Noam Chomskio}} ;Colloquia et acroases * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081211210426/http://www.radio4all.net/index.php?op=search&nav=&session=&searchtext=chomsky Talks by Noam Chomsky] apud www.radio4all.net ([[Radio4all.net|A-Infos Radio Project]]) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120304085842/http://www.paroledechercheurs.net/spip.php?article765 Colloquium de iuribus humanis a scholasticis factum (cum subtitulis Anglicis et Francogallicis) – 2009,] apud www.paroledechercheurs.net * [http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=chomsky Chomsky media files,] apud www.archive.org ([[Internet Archive]]) * [http://www.newstatesman.com/international-politics/2010/09/war-crimes-interview-obama Noam Chomsky,] colloquium ab Alyssa McDonald factum in ''[[New Statesman]]'', mense Septembro 2010, apud www.newstatesman.com * [http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=33&Itemid=74&jumival=638 Colloquia] Noam Chomsky in [[The Real News]] (TRNN) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121008054229/http://fora.tv/2004/02/03/Noam_Chomsky Hegemony or Survival: America's Quest for Global Dominance] – de "doctrina [[Georgius W. Bush|Bushiana]]", [[C-SPAN]], mense Februario 2004 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121008054334/http://fora.tv/2009/10/06/Noam_Chomsky_Philosophies_of_Language_and_Politics Philosophies of Language & Politics] – acroasis apud [[The Commonwealth Club]], October 2009 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120418132955/http://thoughtstrategy.co.uk/2011/04/27/understanding-democracy/ Thought Economics Interviews Noam Chomsky] – Noam Chomsky de democratia globali, mense Aprili 2011 {{FA stella}} {{Myrias|Homines}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Chomsky, Noam}} [[Categoria:Nati 1928]] [[Categoria:Anarchistae Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Atheistae Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Homines vivi]] [[Categoria:Incolae Pennsilvaniae]] [[Categoria:Linguistae Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Noam Chomsky|!]] [[Categoria:Ontologi]] [[Categoria:Philologi Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Philosophi mentis]] [[Categoria:Philosophi technologiae]] [[Categoria:Professores Instituti Technologiae Massachusettensis]] [[Categoria:Repugnatores vectigalium Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Socii Industrial Workers of the World]] oq49unlrdsw4kisaj5wze8flrfv0b0e Syntaxis 0 3523 3986195 3909540 2026-09-06T16:33:26Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986195 wikitext text/x-wiki {{syntaxis}} '''Syntaxis''' ([[Graece]] σύνταξις, a σύν "cum/una" et τάξις "ordo") est studium et principiorum et regularum structurae ordinisque [[elementum compositorium (syntaxis)|elementorum]] intra [[sententia]]s in [[lingua|linguis]] sive [[lingua naturalis|naturalibus]] sive [[lingua constructa|constructis]] sicut linguis [[lingua programmandi|programmandi]]. Vulgius syntaxis significare potest [[grammatica]]m cuiusdam linguae. Grammatica et syntaxis autem inter se differunt, quod illa quomodo debeamus lingua loqui praescribit, haec quomodo re vera sententias animo fingimus intellegimusue describit. == Syntaxis et semantica == Syntaxis stat aliquomodo [[semantica]]m adversum.<ref group=nb>Hoc quidem est nimis simplex. Vide [[criterion Theta]].</ref> Possumus quoque sententias etsi [[formula bene formata|bene formatas]] fingere tamen significatione inteliigibili carentes sicut possumus sententias construere intelligibiles etiam grammatice male formatas. Exemplorum gratia: # #[[Septem]] sunt plus quam [[octo]].<ref group=nb>Symbolum '''''#''''' denotat sententiam bene formatam sed semantice non intelligibilem.</ref> # #[[sus|Sues]] [[viridis|virides]], serius [[nox|noctu]] in medio [[dies|die]], [[ala|alis]] volaverunt sub [[flumen]]. # *Ivi non Romae, habui argentum non quod.<ref group=nb>Symbolum '''*''' denotat sententiam male formatam.</ref> Prima sententia est falsa, quia septem sunt minus quam octo. Secunda sententia est absurda, quia sues sunt subrubri, haud potest esse nox dum dies splendet, non possunt sues volare quia non habent alas et, etiam si eas haberent, nullo pacto potis est ''sub'' flumen volare. Tertia sententia est facilis intellectu; significat ''"Non ivi Romam, quia non habui argentum."'' Nihilominus, ''Romae'' non est in recto [[casus grammaticus|casu]] post verbum [[motus]], necesse est habere ''quia'' ad initium articuli, et ''non'' debet ''habui'' vel ''argentum'' praecedere. Ergo per syntaxin primae duae sententiae sunt bene formatae, significationem autem intelligibilem non habent. Tertia sententia habet [[significatio (linguistica)|significationem]] claram, sed est male formata. Linguistae interdum sententias suas finxerunt ad hanc rationem explicandam, quarum fortasse est praeclara illa Chomskiana: :''[[Colorless green ideas sleep furiously]].''<ref>{{cite book |last= Chomsky |first= Noam |authorlink= Noam Chomsky |title= [[Syntactic Structures]] |year= 1957 |publisher= Mouton |location= The Hague/Paris | pages=[https://archive.org/details/syntacticstructu0000chom/page/15 15]}}</ref> ({{ling|Anglice}}, [[Lat.]] "Achromaticae virides cogitationes dormiunt saeviter.") Poema [[Jabberwocky]] saepe adhibetur ad rationem similem monstrandam, quae est nos intelligere posse functionem partemque verborum in sententiis syntacticam, si exempli gratia sint ubi debent, si declinationes coniugationesque rectas habeant, etc: :''Twas brillig, and the slithy toves did gyre and gimble in the wabe.''<ref>{{cite book |last= Ludovicus |first= Carroll |authorlink= Ludovicus Carroll |title= Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There |year= 1871 |publisher= Macmillan |location= [[Londinium]]}}</ref> ({{ling|Anglice}}, [[Lat.]] ""Est brilgum: tovi slimici in vabo tererotitant.<ref>{{cite book |last= Carruthers |first= Clive H.|authorlink= Clive Harcourt Carruthers |title= [[Per speculum transitus]] |year= 1966}}</ref><ref group=nb>Conversio haec est in appendice data. In textu ipso, Carruthers dat conversionem intelligibiliorem secundum sensum a [[Ludovicus Carroll|Ludovico]] ipso explicatum: "Hora coctava per protiniam teremeles limagiles teretant et quoque gyrirotant."</ref>) {{NexInt}} * [[Arbor syntactica concreta]] * [[Ars grammatica]] *[[Andreas Carnie]] * [[Clausa (grammatica)]] * [[Constructio (grammatica)|Constructio]] * [[Formula bene formata]] * [[Linguistica]] * [[Metatypia]] * [[Principia et parametra]] * [[Syntagma (grammaticum)]] * [[Valentia (linguistica)]] == Notae == <references group="nb" /> == Citationes == <references /> {{ling-stipula}} {{Myrias|Anthropologia}} [[Categoria:Syntaxis|!]] tqj892v2xvjdj1ma9p4njla6jxrmzwn Verona 0 12439 3986169 3881702 2026-09-06T13:57:53Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3986169 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Verona (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:VeronaArena.jpg|thumb|[[Amphitheatrum Veronense]] nocte visum]] '''Vērōna'''<ref>De vocalibus longis cf. [[Catullus|Catullum]] 35.3, 67.34, 68.2. "Verona" hodie [[Lingua Italiana|Italice]] et [[Lingua Venetica|Venetice]]. [[Graece]] {{Polytonic|Οὐήρωνα, Οὐήρων, Βερώνη}} ({{Ptol Geog}} 3.1.31; {{Strabo}} 4.6.8, cf. 5.1.6; [[Procopius]], ''Bellum Gothicum'' 2.29, 3.3, &c.)</ref><ref name="graesse">"[http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/0005/bsb00050914/images/index.html?id=00050914&groesser=&fip=eayaenyztsxdsydeayasdaseayaeayaxswxdsyd,%20eayaqrswxdsydfsdreayaqrsxdsydxdsydqrs&no=8&seite=596 Verona, Colonia Augusta Verona, Veronensis, Veronensium urbs, Veronia, Vicentinus (!)": {{Graesse}}}</ref> {{victio|Verona|ae|f}} est [[Urbes Italiae|urbs]] [[Italia]]e et [[Municipium Italiae|municipium]], circiter 255 393 incolarum (2026), ad ripas fluminis [[Athesis]] in [[Regio Italiae|regione]] [[Venetia (regio)|Venetia]] situm, caput [[Verona (provincia)|provinciae Veronensis]] atque [[sedes episcopalis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]]. Omnium urbium Italiae Verona est duodecima quod ad numerum incolarum pertinet. Ob architecturam et formam urbanam per duo millennia sine interruptione evolutas urbs Veronensis in indice [[UNESCO Mundi Hereditas|hereditatis mundialis]] [[UNESCO]] anno [[2000]] inscripta est. Urbani ''Veronenses''<ref>[[Cornelius Tacitus|Tacitus]], ''[[Historiae (Tacitus)|Historiae]]'' 3.8</ref> appellantur. Homines mediaevales qui situm Veronae haud sciverunt nomen tantum cognoverunt e rege illo [[Theodericus (rex Ostrogothorum)|Theoderico]] quem epici Theodisci ''Dietrich von Bern'', scil. "[[Theodericus Veronensis|Theodericum Veronensem]]" appellabant, atque propter regem [[Langobardi|Langobardorum]] [[Alboinus|Alboinum]] Veronae iussu mulieris suae anno [[572]] necatum. Simili modo nomen huius urbis cognoscunt recentiores ob res litterarias. [[Dantes Alagherius]] "Paradisum" suum (tertiam partem ''[[Divina Comoedia|Divinae Comoediae]]'') [[Canfranciscus Scaliger|Canfrancisco Scaligero]], domino Veronae, dicavit.<ref>[[Dantes Alagherius]], ''Epistulae'' 17; cf. ''[[Divina Comoedia]]'' "Paradisus" 17.76-78 et alibi</ref> Historia ludi scaenici [[Gulielmus Shakesperius|Shakesperiani]] (e fabula Italica conversi) de [[Romeo and Juliet|Romeo et Iulietta]], familiarum Veronensium prolibus, Veronae in urbe evolvitur. == Origo et historia == [[Fasciculus:Ponte Pietra (Verona).jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|[[Pons Marmoreus (Verona)|Pons Marmoreus]] aevo Romano constructus]] Pagum Veronensem homines [[Neolithicum|aevi Neolithici]] coluerunt. Historia prae-Romana urbis Veronae ambigua erat. [[Plinius maior]] enim [[Rhaeti]]s et [[Euganei]]s hanc urbem attribuit,<ref>{{Pnh}} 3.130</ref> [[Celtae|Celtis]] [[Cenomani]]s [[Claudius Ptolemaeus|Ptolemaeus]],<ref>{{Ptol Geog}} 3.1.31; cf. [[Titus Livius|Livius]], ''[[Ab Urbe condita]]'' 5.35</ref> sed recentissime [[necropolis]] Cenomanorum, saeculis III–I a.C.n. usitata, sub seminario episcopali hodierno effossa est.<ref>{{qc|id=Laffranchi et al. (2019)}}</ref> A Romanis, duce [[Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo|Gnaeo Pompeio Strabone]], ad ripam Athesis dextram anno [[89 a.C.n.]] [[colonia Romana|colonia]] [[ius Latinum|iuris Latini]] iuxta [[lex Pompeia de Transpadanis|legem Pompeiam de Transpadanis]] condita est, a [[Brixia]] deducta si carmen Catullianum vera refert;<ref>[[Iustinus]], ''Epitome Trogi'' 20.5.8; Catullus 67.34</ref> ibi mox natus est poëta ipse [[Gaius Valerius Catullus]].<ref>[[Publius Ovidius Naso|Ovidius]], ''[[Amores (Ovidius)|Amores]]'' 3.15.7; [[Marcus Valerius Martialis|Martialis]] 10.103; {{Pnh}} [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/36*.html#48 36.48]</ref> Ab anno [[49 a.C.n.]] Verona fuit [[municipium Romanum|municipium]] [[tribus Publilia]]e sub [[Regio X Venetia et Histria|regione X]] (Venetia et Histria). Muros urbanos restituit imperator [[Gallienus]], qui longissimum urbi nomen concedit "Colonia Augusta Verona Nova Gallieniana". Ibi concurrebant viae [[Via Postumia|Postumia]] et [[Via Claudia Augusta|Claudia Augusta]]. [[Fasciculus:Porta Nuova.jpg|thumb|[[Porta Nova (Verona)|Porta Nova]]]] Veronam oppugnavit [[Constantinus I]], contra [[Maxentius|Maxentium]] bellum civile gerens, deditionemque cito accepit medio anno [[312]].<ref>''[[Panegyrici Latini]]'' 9.9</ref> Ibi [[Theodericus (rex Ostrogothorum)|Theodericus]] anno fere 488 [[Odovacar]]em debellavit<ref>[[Iordanes]], ''[[De origine actibusque Getarum]]'' 57.</ref> aulamque suam interdum instituit. Veronae die [[28 Iunii]] [[572]]/573 rex [[Langobardi|Langobardorum]] [[Alboinus (rex Langobardorum)|Alboinus]] a muliere sua necatus est: iusserat enim vinum ea inferendum in poculo e capite patris confecto.<ref>[[Marius Aventicensis]], ''Chronica''; [[Gregorius Turonensis]], ''[[Historia Francorum]]'' 2.41; [[Paulus Diaconus]], ''[[Historia gentis Langobardorum]]''</ref> Ibidem die [[15 Maii]] [[589]] rex [[Authari (rex Langobardorum)|Authari]] [[Theudelinda]]m in matrimonium duxit.<ref>[[Procopius]], ''Bellum Gothicum'' 3.5; [[Paulus Diaconus]], ''[[Historia gentis Langobardorum]]'' 3.29</ref> [[Adelchis (rex Langobardorum)|Adelchis]], ultimi regis Langobardorum filius, a [[Carolus Magnus|Carolo Magno]] persecutus, Veronae anno [[774]] breviter refugium petivit. Annos fere 350 Verona urbs [[Regnum Italiae (Imperium Romanum Sacrum)|regalis]] et [[Imperium Romanum Sacrum|imperialis]] fuit, episcopis ibi iussu imperatorum institutis. Ibi rex et imperator [[Berengarius Foroiuliensis (imperator)|Berengarius I]] die [[7 Aprilis]] [[924]] prope [[Ecclesia Sancti Petri in Castello|ecclesiam S. Petri in Castello]] (hodie deletam) necatus est. Die [[3 Ianuarii]] [[1117]] gravis [[Terrae motus Italicus (1117)|terrae motus]] amphitheatrum partim in ruinas deiecit ecclesiasque fere omnes destruxit. [[Fasciculus:VeronaOldTown.JPG|thumb|Imago veteris urbis]] Medio saeculo XII commune Veronensium, duce imprimis episcopo [[Tebaldus II (episcopus Veronensis)|Tebaldo]], libertatem urbis vindicavit, ubi anno [[1184]] papa [[Lucius III]], a [[Roma]] profugus, [[Concilium Veronense]] tenuit, adeunte etiam imperator [[Fridericus I (imperator)|Friderico Barbarossa]]. Concilio concluso bullam "Ad abolendam" de haeresibus exstirpandis emiserunt. Lucius III Veronae mortuus est die [[25 Novembris]] [[1185]]. Eodem die successor [[Urbanus III]] electus in ecclesia S. Petri in Castello coronatus est. Verona mox sub familiae [[Scaliger]]orum (''della Scala'') dominatione cecidit. Medio amphitheatro anno [[1278]] iussu [[Albertus I Scaliger|Alberti Scaligeri]] [[Cathari]] 166 [[Sirmium|Sirmionenses]] combusti sunt. Ab anno [[1405]] usque ad annum [[1797]], Verona ad [[Res Publica Venetiae|Rem Publicam Venetiae]] pertinuit. Anno [[1944]] urbem Veronam classes aëreae [[CFA|Civitatum Foederatarum]] sociorumque graviter afflictaverunt. Die [[24 Aprilis]] [[1945]] milites [[Germania|Germani]] ab Italia recedentes pontes [[Pons Marmoreus (Verona)|Marmoreum]] Romanum [[Pons Scaliger|Scaligerumque]] mediaevalem deleverunt, sed ambo annis 1949-[[1957]] stylo historico et lapidibus priscis restructi sunt. == Situs et monumenta == [[Fasciculus:Pianta di Verona 1819.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Forma urbis Veronae anno 1819 descripta (Giovambatista Da Persico, ''Descrizione di Verona e della sua provincia''. Veronae, 1820)]] Situm Veronae [[Liutprandus Cremonensis]] medio [[saeculum 10|saeculo X]] sic descripsit: :Fluvius [[Athesis]], sicut [[Tiberis]] [[Roma]]m, mediam civitatem Veronam percurrit. Super quem ingens marmoreus miri operis miraeque magnitudinis [[Pons Marmoreus (Verona)|pons]] est fabricatus. A laeva autem parti fluminis, quae est quilonem versus posita, civitas est difficili arduoque colle munita, adeo ut, si ea pars civitatis, quam memoratus fluvius dexteram alluit, ab hostibus capiatur, ea tamen viriliter possit defendi. In huius vero collis summitate preciosi operis est ecclesia fabricata, in honore beatissimi [[Petrus (apostolus)|Petri]] apostolorum principis consecrata.<ref>[[Liutprandus Cremonensis]], ''[[Antapodosis]]'' [http://archive.org/stream/diewerkeliudpra41v42liud#page/n97/mode/2up 2.40]</ref> Inter monumenta aevo Romano aedificata hodieque servata praecellunt [[Amphitheatrum (Verona)|Amphitheatrum]] sive ''Arena'', [[Pons Marmoreus (Verona)|Pons Marmoreus]] seu ''Ponte Pietra'', [[Porta Iovia]] seu ''Porta Borsari'' et [[Arcus Gavius]]; adduntur [[Porta Leonum]] (ita a recentioribus nuncupatum) et ruinae [[Theatrum Romanum Veronense|Theatri Romani]] iuxta ripam sinistram fluminis saeculo XIX effossae. Sub arco Gavio monstrantur lapides [[via Postumia]]e. [[Fasciculus:Piazza delle Erbe (Verona).jpg|thumb|[[Platea Herbarum (Verona)|Platea Herbarum]]]] [[Fasciculus:Balcone di Giulietta a Verona.jpg|thumb|Domus quae "[[Iulietta (persona)|Iuliettae]]" dicitur]] Monumentorum [[religio Christiana|Christianorum]] antiquissima hodie exstantia post [[Terrae motus Italicus (1117)|terrae motum]] aedificata sunt. [[Basilica Sancti Zenonis]] urbis patroni, annis 1123-[[1135]] reconstructa est eo loco, extra urbis limitem, ubi sepulchrum [[Zeno Veronensis|Zenonis]] iam a saeculo IV stat, regisque [[Pippinus (rex Italiae)|Pippini]] sepulchrum qui die [[8 Iulii]] [[810]] mortuus est. [[Campanile]] huius basilicae a [[Dantes Alagherius|Dante Alagherio]] in ''[[Divina Comoedia]]'' commemoratur;<ref>[[Dantes Alagherius]], ''[[Divina Comoedia]]'' "Purgatorium" 18</ref> [[statua Sancti Zenonis (Verona)|statua Sancti Zenonis]] mediaevalis in porticu basilicae monstratur. [[ecclesia Cathedralis Veronensis|Ecclesia cathedralis S. Mariae Matricularis]], in ruinis duarum ecclesiarum a terrae motu deletarum episcopis [[Tebaldus II (episcopus Veronensis)|Tebaldo]] et [[Omnibonus (episcopus Veronensis)|Omnibono]] aedificata et die [[13 Septembris]] [[1187]] dedicata, saeculis XIV et XV partim refecta est. Tali modo [[Ecclesia Sancti Firmi Maioris|ecclesia SS. Firmi et Rustici]] anno [[1143]], [[Basilica Sancti Laurentii (Verona)|basilica Sancti Laurentii]] anno [[1177]] et [[Ecclesia Sanctae Mariae Antiquae (Verona)|ecclesia Sanctae Mariae Antiquae]] anno [[1185]], [[Ecclesia Sanctorum Apostolorum (Verona)|ecclesia Sanctorum Apostolorum]] anno [[1194]] super fundamenta ecclesiarum antiquarum constructae sunt: ecclesia S. Mariae Antiquae fuit sacellum familiae [[Scaliger]]orum. In magna [[ecclesia Sanctae Anastasiae (Verona)|ecclesia Sanctae Anastasiae]] a [[Ordo Fratrum Praedicatorum|Dominicanis]] anno 1290 incepta, anno [[1481]] confecta, anno [[1490]] [[Gulielmus de Bibra]] legatus Germanicus et pontificalis sepultus est; ibidem anno [[1776]] [[schola campanaria Sanctae Anastasiae|schola campanaria]], [[ars campanaria Veronensis|artis campanariae Veronensis]] incunabulum, constituta est. [[Platea Herbarum]] (''Piazza delle Erbe'') eo loco patet ubi olim Romani forum urbis designaverunt. Ad hanc plateam stat [[Domus Mercatorum (Verona)|Domus Mercatorum]], anno [[1210]] e ligno constructa, anno [[1301]] iussu [[Albertus I Scaliger|Alberti I Scaligeri]] e lapidibus refecta. Ibi etiam monstrantur [[Domus Mazzanti]] privatae (''Case Mazzanti''), aevo medio aedificati, muris exterioribus picti: Verona enim saeculo XVI a peregrinatoribus "urbs picta" appellata est. Iuxta [[platea Dominorum (Verona)|plateam Dominorum]] (''Piazza dei Signori'') aedificia publica surgunt: [[palatium Communis (Verona)|palatium Communis]] saeculo XII erectum, anno [[1219]] post incendium refectum; [[palatium Tribunalis (Verona)|palatium Tribunalis]] (''Palazzo di Cansignorio'') cuius turris anno [[1363]] confecta est; [[palatium Potestatis (Verona)|palatium Potestatis]] (''Palazzo del Podestà'') saeculo XIII exeunte confectum. Ibidem stat lobia seu [[porticus Consilii (Verona)|porticus Consilii]] (''Loggia del Consiglio'') a fratre [[Ioannes Iucundus|Iucundo]] Veronensi iussu imperatoris [[Maximilianus I (imperator)|Maximiliani]] anno [[1476]] aedificata. Anno circiter 1356 constructus est [[Pons Scaliger]] munitus, iussu [[Cangrandis II Scaliger|Cangrandis II]] a [[Gulielmus Bibensaquam|Gulielmo Bibensaquam]] designatus, iuxta quem [[Castellum Vetus (Verona)|Castellum Vetus]] [[Scaliger]]orum eisdem annis inceptum est et anno [[1376]] confectum. == Incolae noti == * [[Gaius Valerius Catullus]], a multis causa sui novi modi scribendi [[poeta]] doctus appellatus * [[Zeno Veronensis]], confessor * [[Honorius II (antipapa)|Honorius II]], [[antipapa]] * [[Eliezer Samuelis Veronensis]], iuris consultus Iudaicus * [[Petrus Veronensis]], martyr * [[Stephanus Veronensis]], pictor * [[Liberalis Veronensis]], pictor * [[Guarinus Veronensis]], humanista * [[Ioannes Iucundus]] ("frater Iucundus"), eruditus et architectus * [[Paulus Aemilius Veronensis]], historicus * [[Hieronymus Fracastorius]], medicus * [[Onuphrius Panvinius]], eruditus * [[Henricus Noris]], cardinalis bibliothecarius * [[Iosephus Torelli]], [[compositor]] * [[Scipio Maffei]], eruditus * [[Alexander Pompei]], architectus * [[Aemilius Salgari]], mythistoriarum [[scriptor]] * [[Caesar Lombroso]], criminologus * [[Licia Colò]], [[televisio]]nis ductrix * [[Germanus Mosconi|Germanus Mosconi,]] poeta atque diurnarius == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == Sedes [[Dioecesis Veronensis]] est urbs Verona; templum principale est [[ecclesia Cathedralis Veronensis|ecclesia cathedralis S. Mariae Matricularis]]. Est episcopatus [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] sub [[Patriarchatus Venetiarum|patriarchatu Venetiarum]]. Ab anno [[2007]] [[Iosephus Zenti]] est episcopus Veronensis. == Ludi athletici == [[Hellas Verona Football Club]] et [[AC Chievo Verona]] [[Pediludium|pediludii]] urbis turmae sunt. == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Historica media urbs === ''Città antica, Cittadella, San Zeno, Veronetta''. === Novi vici urbani === ''Borgo Trento, Valdonega, Borgo Venezia'' (cum ''Borgo Trieste''), ''Porto San Pancrazio, Borgo Roma, Santa Lucia, Borgo Milano'' (cum locis: '''[[Clivus (Verona)|Clivi]]''' et ''Saval''), ''Golosine, Ponte Crencano''. === Fractiones === ''Avesa, Quinto, Santa Maria in Stelle, Mizzole, Montorio, San Michele, Cadidavid'', [[Fanum Sancti Maximi iuxta Athesim]], ''Parona, Quinzano''. === Circumscriptiones === * [[I Circumscriptio (Verona)]]: ''Città Antica, Veronetta, Cittadella, San Zeno'', * [[II Circumscriptio (Verona)]]: ''Borgo Trento, Avesa, Quinzano, Parona, Valdonega, P.te Crencano'', * [[III Circumscriptio (Verona)]]: ''Borgo Milano, Stadio, Chievo, San Massimo, Basson, Borgo Nuovo, Saval'', * [[IV Circumscriptio (Verona)]]: ''Santa Lucia, Golosine, Madonna di Dossobuono'', * [[V Circumscriptio (Verona)]]: ''Borgo Roma, Cadidavid'', * [[VI Circumscriptio (Verona)]]: ''Borgo Venezia, Borgo Trieste, San Felice'', * [[VII Circumscriptio (Verona)]]: ''Porto San Pancrazio, San Michele Extra, Madonna di Campagna'', * [[VIII Circumscriptio (Verona)]]: ''Montorio, Mizzole, Quinto, Poiano, Marzana, S. Maria in Stelle''. === Loci praeclari === * [[Clivus (Verona)|Clivus]], * [[Fanum Sancti Maximi iuxta Athesim]], [[Fasciculus:Flag of the March of Verona and Aquileia.png|thumb|upright=0.5|Vexillum [[Marchionatus Veronensis]]]] == Municipia finitima == ''Bussolengo, Buttapietra, Castel d'Azzano, Grezzana, Mezzane di Sotto, Negrar, Pescantina, Roverè Veronese, San Giovanni Lupatoto, San Martino Buon Albergo, San Mauro di Saline, San Pietro in Cariano, Sommacampagna, Sona, Tregnago, Villafranca di Verona''. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == ; Fontes antiqui et mediaevales * ''[[Versus de Verona]]'' * [[Ferretus de Ferretis]], ''[[De Scaligerorum origine]]'' ; Opera antiquiora * ''Indicazione delle fabbriche, chiese, e pitture di Verona, o sia, Guida per li forestieri''. Veronae: Tipografia Bisesti, 1815 [http://archive.org/details/indicazionedelle00mari Textus apud archive.org] * "[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DU%3Aentry+group%3D4%3Aentry%3Dverona-geo Verona]" in {{Smith-geo}} * Giovambatista Da Persico, ''Descrizione di Verona e della sua provincia''. Veronae: Società Tipografica, 1820 [http://archive.org/details/descrizionediver00dape Textus apoud archive.org] * [[Scipio Maffei|Scipione Maffei]], ''[[Verona illustrata]]''. 4 voll. Veronae, 1731-1732 [http://archive.org/details/illustrataverona01maff Vol. 1] [http://archive.org/details/illustrataverona02maff 2] [http://archive.org/details/illustrataverona03maff 3] [http://archive.org/details/veronaillustrata04maff 4] apud archive.org * Scipione Maffei, ''[[Museum Veronense]], hoc est, Antiquarum inscriptionum atque anaglyphorum collectio: cui Taurinensis adiungitur et Vindobonensis: accedunt monumenta id genus plurima nondum vulgata, et ubicumque collecta''. Veronae: Typis Seminarii, 1749 [http://archive.org/details/museumveronenseh00maff Textus apud archive.org] * [[Onuphrius Panvinius]], ''[[Antiquitatum Veronensium libri octo]]''. Patavii: Paulus Frambotti, 1648 [http://arachne.uni-koeln.de/books/Panvinio1648 Textum apud Universitatem Coloniensem] * Torelli Sarayna, ''De origine et amplitudine civitatis Veronae''. Veronae, 1540 [http://www.archive.org/details/torellisaraynaev00sara Textus apud archive.org] * Giuseppe Venturi, ''Compendio della storia sacra e profana di Verona''. Veronae: Societá Tipografica, 1820 [http://archive.org/details/compendiodellast00vent Textus apud archive.org] * Alethea Wiel, ''The story of Verona''. Londinii: J. M. Dent, 1902 [http://archive.org/details/storyofverona00wielrich Textus apud archive.org] * Pier Zagata, Giambatista Biancolini, ''Cronica della citta' di Verona''. 3 voll. Veronae: Dionigio Ramanzini, 1745-1749 [http://archive.org/details/cronicadellacitt01zaga Vol. 1] [http://archive.org/details/cronicadellacitt02zaga 2] [http://archive.org/details/cronicadellacitt03zaga 3] apud archive.org ; Opera recentiora * "Verona" in {{KP}} vol. 5 coll. 1206-1207 * ''Verona e il suo territorio''. 7 voll. Veronae: Istituto per gli Studi Storici Veronesi, 1960-1969 * Edoardo Arslan, ''L'architettura romanica veronese''. Veronae, 1939 * Giuliana Cavalieri Manasse, "[http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/l-italia-romana-delle-regiones-regio-x-venetia-et-histria-verona_%28Il-Mondo-dell%27Archeologia%29/ L'Italia romana delle Regiones. Regio X Venetia et Histria: Verona]" in ''Il Mondo dell'Archeologia'' (Romae: Treccani, 2004) * Giovanna Girardi, "[https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/dec/19/insider-guide-verona-fine-wine-opera-mountain-psych-folk Insider's guide to Verona: fine wines, opera and mountain psych-folk]" in ''[[The Guardian]]'' (19 Decembris 2016) * Alessandro Guidi, Federica Candelato, Massimo Saracino, "[https://www.academia.edu/12094226/Il_popolamento_del_territorio_veronese_durante_l_età_del_ferro_con_F.Candelato_e_M.Saracino_in_I_Veneti_antichi._Novità_e_aggiornamenti_atti_convegno_di_studio_Isola_della_Scala_2005_Verona_2008_pp._15-45 Il popolamento del territorio veronese durante l’età del ferro]" in ''I Veneti antichi. Novità e aggiornamenti: atti convegno di studio Isola della Scala 2005'' (Veronae, 2008)versity Press, 1993. ISBN 0-8014-2837-8 {{Google Books|JG6H7RVX6I0C|Paginae selectae}} * {{ec|id=Laffranchi et al. (2019)|c=Zita Laffranchi, Giuliana Cavalieri Manasse, Luciano Salzani, Marco Milell, "[https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0214372 Patterns of funerary variability, diet, and developmental stress in a Celtic population from NE Italy (3rd-1st c BC)]" in ''PLOS One'' (17 Aprilis 2019)}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Verona|Veronam}} {{Coord|45|26|17.37|N|10|59|37.47|E|display=title}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010307102704/http://www.comune.verona.it/ Situs publicus] * [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/797 De Verona] (UNESCO Mundi Hereditas) {{Capita provinciarum Italiae}} {{Urbes viae imperii}} [[Categoria:Verona| ]] [[Categoria:Condita 89 a.C.n.]] d3yect5j9asl3mjn4843w7ltcbcrisq Lemniscus (discretiva) 0 24867 3986192 186802 2026-09-06T16:27:32Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3986192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{discretiva}} '''Lemniscus''' haec dissimilia significet: #[[Lemniscus]] proprie erat [[fasciola]] quae coronas vinctas tenebat #[[Lemniscus (mathematica)]]; symbolum quod infinitatem indicat. #[[Lemniscus (biologia)]]; nervus mentis. 4nvgg7j1q91lpa2q27kf63oyvxi8v1k 3986193 3986192 2026-09-06T16:27:56Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3986193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{discretiva}} '''Lemniscus''' haec dissimilia significet: #[[Lemniscus]] proprie erat fasciola quae coronas vinctas tenebat #[[Lemniscus (mathematica)]]; symbolum quod infinitatem indicat. #[[Lemniscus (biologia)]]; nervus mentis. 7e2wx6sof3iqrqu93k8xgudyb76mool Medea (mythologia) 0 28071 3986219 3959446 2026-09-06T17:56:53Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986219 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Videdis|Medea}} [[Fasciculus:Medea - Casa dei Dioscuri.JPG|thumb|Medea et liberi in [[Opus tectorium|opere tectorio]] aetate Romana [[Pompeii (urbs antiqua)|Pompeiis]] facto.]] '''Medea''' (''-ae, f.''; [[Graece]] Μήδεια) in [[mythologia Graeca]] est [[filia]] [[Aeëtes|Aeëtis]] regis [[Colchis|Colchidis]], mulier paulisper [[Iason]]is. [[Circe|Circis]] similis, quae amita sua erat, Medea [[herba]]rum [[pharmacologia]]e [[magia (mystica)|magicarum]] usu pollebat. Sectatrix deae [[Hecate|Hecatae]] erat quam cultu domestico honorabat.<ref>[[Euripides]], ''[[Medea (Euripides)|Medea]]'' 395-7.</ref> De Medea sunt multae [[fabula]]e, quarum cacumina infra narrantur. == Medea in Colchide == Cum [[Argonautae]] pellem auream petentes Iasone duce ad Colchidem advenerunt, Medea [[Iuno]]ne [[Venus|Venereque]] machinatis Iasonem amare coepit. Aeëtes, pater Medeae, hospites non amans, labores difficillimos Iasoni adsignavit, quos Iason Medea iuvante efficere potuit. Postea Medea, sperans fore ut uxor Iasonis fiat, sopivit custodem pellis serpentem horridum qui ignem exhalabat, ut Iason pellem caperet. His factis Medea ad Graeciam cum Iasone navigavit. == Medea in Iolco == Cum Iason et Medea ad patriam Iasonis [[Iolcus|Iolcum]] advenerint ut [[Pelias|Peliam]] regem necarent, Medea, quae coquendo homines in aeno reiuvenare eos posse videbatur, persuasit filiabus Peliae ut patrem secando necarent. Sed Medea Peliam non reanimavit, quapropter Iason rex Iolci factus est. == Medea in Corintho == [[Fasciculus:Medea MET 94.8a.jpg|thumb|Statua Medeae a [[Gulielmus Wetmore Story|Gulielmo Wetmore Story]] anno 1868 facta.]] Postero tempore Iason et Medea [[Corinthus|Corinthum]] venerunt ubi duo filii eis nati sunt. Secundum [[Medea (Euripides)|drama]] [[Euripides|Euripidis]] Iason tamen Medeam repudiavit et filiam regis Corinthi [[Glauce]]m in matrimonium duxit. Medea secreto irata suos filios stolam venenatam ferentes ad Glaucem misit. Illa, cum ignorans stolam indueret, a veneno usta est. Cives Corinthi, qui Medeae iamdudum diffidebant, eam capere conati sunt, sed auxilio [[Helius|Helii]] Medea Athenas fugit. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes == * [[Apollonius Rhodius|Apollonii Rhodii]] ''[[Argonautica (Apollonius Rhodius)|Argonautica]]'' * [[Pindarus|Pindari]] ''Quartum carmen Pythianum'' * [[Euripides|Euripidis]] ''[[Medea (Euripides)|Medea]]'' * [[Hesiodus]], ''[[Theogonia]]'' 961-2, 992-1002 * [[Hosidius Geta|Hosidii Getae]]: ''[[Medea]]. Text, Translation, and Commentary'' Ed. Maria Teresa Galli. Vertumnus. Berliner Beiträge zur Klassischen Philologie und zu ihren Nachbargebieten, Vol. 10, Goettingia 2017, ISBN 978-3-8469-0121-2 * [[Hyginus|Hygini]] ''Fabulae'' 21-27 * [[Ovidius|Ovidii]] ''[[Metamorphoses (Ovidius)|Metamorphoses]]'' 7.1-424 * {{Pausanias}} 2.3.6-8, 2.3.10-11, 2.12.1, 8.9.1-3 *[[Lucius Annaeus Seneca minor|Senecae]] ''[[Medea (Seneca)|Medea]]'' == Pelliculae == * [[1969]] - [[Medea (pellicula)|Medea]] ([[Petrus Paulus Pasolini]]) == Plura legere si cupis == * James J. Clauss, Sarah Iles Johnston, edd., ''Medea: essays on Medea in myth, literature, philosophy, and art''. Princetoniae: Princeton University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-691-04377-9 {{Google Books|480Wd8G6LPYC|Paginae selectae}} *Alain Depaulis, ''Le complexe de Médée : quand une mère prive le père de ses enfants'', de Boeck, 2008 * Sabine Eichelmann, ''Der Mythos Medea : sein Weg durch das kulturelle Gedächtnis zu uns'', Marburg, 2010 * Katherine Heavey, ''The Early Modern Medea: Medea in English Literature, 1558–1688''. Londinii: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. ISBN 9781137466266 {{Google Books|5UYTBwAAQBAJ|Paaginae selectae}} *Federica Maltese , ''[https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01328658/document Le mythe de Médée de Euripide à Pier Paolo Pasolini et Christa Wolf]'', Gratianopolis, 2013 (dissertatio academica). * Ruth Morse, ''The Medieval Medea''. Woodbridge Suffolciae: Boydell and Brewer, 1996. ISBN 0-85991-459-3 {{Google Books|hUJkd4LecwsC|Paginae selectae}} *P. Roussel, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_1920_num_22_3_2116 Médée et le meurtre de ses enfants]", ''Revue des Études Anciennes'', 1920ː 157-171 *Louis Séchan, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/reg_0035-2039_1927_num_40_184_5314 La légende de Médée]", ''Revue des Études Grecques'', 1927ː 184-188 et 234-310 *Kyveli Vogiatzoglou, "[https://www.cairn.info/revue-recherches-en-psychanalyse-2010-1-page-77.htm Médée, une lecture de la haine à la lumière de la clinique mère-enfant]", ''Recherches en psychanalyse'' 2010ː 77-83 * Amy Wygant, ''Medea, Magic, and Modernity in France: Stages and Histories, 1553–1797''. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007. ISBN 9781409489801 {{Google Books|d-mhAgAAQBAJ|Paginae selectae}} {{NexInt}} *[[Hecate]] == Nexus externi == *[https://web.archive.org/web/20211210094243/https://eduscol.education.fr/odysseum/medee-de-la-conquete-de-la-toison-dor-au-meurtre-des-enfants Medea apud Eduscol (Francogallice)] {{CommuniaCat|Medea (mythology)|Medeam}} {{Myrias|Homines}} [[Categoria:Mythologia Graeca]] [[Categoria:Heroides (Ovidius)]] l3v65un6wpjb7hyta17vd1sp4akegc3 Assyria 0 31762 3986189 3980126 2026-09-06T16:14:32Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L}} [[Fasciculus:AlterOrient2.png|thumb|Fines [[viridis|virides]] colorati: Imperium Assyrium circa [[Saeculum 14 a.C.n.|1400 a.C.n.]]]] '''Assyria''' ([[scriptura cuneiformis|litteris cuneiformibus]] Neo-Assyriacis [[Fasciculus:Inscription mat Assur-ki for Assyria in the Rassam cylinder, 1st column, line 5.jpg|75px]], romanizatis ''māt Aššur''&thinsp;; [[lingua Syriaca|Syriace]] <big>ܐܬܘܪ</big> ''ʾāthor''&thinsp;; [[Graece]] Ασσυρία) fuit [[civilizatio]] [[antiquitas|antiqua]] in [[Mesopotamia]] [[Antiquus Oriens Medius|inter aetatem aeneam et ferream]], quae [[urbs-civitas]] magni momenti apud ripas [[Tigris (flumen)|Tigris]] orta primum [[floruit]], [[regio]]nibus in primis [[terra (regio)|terris]] [[Assyrii (antiquitas)|Assyriorum]] interdum a [[saeculum|saeculo]] [[saeculum 21 a.C.n.|vicensimo uno]] ad [[saeculum 14 a.C.n.|saeculum quartum decimum]] [[a.C.n.]] moderans, tum [[civitas territorialis]], et ad ultimum [[imperium]] a saeculo quarto decimo ad [[saeculum 7 a.C.n.|saeculum septimum a.C.n.]], cum anno [[609 a.C.n.]] finem haberet, ab [[Babylonia|Imperio Babylonio]] victa. Eius [[nomen proprium|nomen]] ex [[Assur (urbs)|Assyria]] principali [[urbs|urbe]] appellatur. == Chronologia Assyriae == * [[Subartu]], vel Assyria aetate [[Sumeria]] et [[Imperium Accadium|Accadia]]. * [[Regnum Assyrium vetus]] * [[Imperium Assyrium medium]] (1365–934 a.C.n.) * [[Imperium Neoassyrium]] ([[744 a.C.n.]]-[[609 a.C.n.]]) * [[Athura]] * [[Assyria (provincia Romana)]] {{NexInt}} {{div col|3}} * [[Anos]] * [[Antiquus Oriens Medius]] * [[Assur (urbs)]] * [[Chale]] (''Nimrud'') * [[Ištar]] * [[Ninive]] * [[Ninus]] * [[Paradisus (hortus)]] * [[Regnum Parthorum]] * [[Religio Mesopotamena]] * [[Sardanapalus moriturus (Delacroix)]] * [[Seleucidae]] * [[Thammuz]] {{div col end}}<!-- == Notae == <references/> --> == Bibliographia == *{{Cite journal|last=Albenda|first=Pauline|date=[[2018]]|title=Royal Gardens, Parks, and the Architecture Within: Assyrian Views|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=138|issue=1|pages=105–120|doi=10.7817/jameroriesoci.138.1.0105|jstor=10.7817/jameroriesoci.138.1.0105}} *{{Cite book|last=Aberbach|first=David|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t0qHDAAAQBAJ|title=Major Turning Points in Jewish Intellectual History|publisher=Palgrave MacMillan|year=[[2003]]|isbn=978-1403917669|location=Novi Eboraci}} *{{Cite journal|last=Aissaoui|first=Alex|date=[[2018]]|title=The Amarna diplomacy in IR perspective:a system of states in the making|journal=Estudos Internacionais|volume=6|issue=2|pages=9–29|doi=10.5752/P.2317-773X.2018v6n2p9|s2cid=158689222|issn=2317-773X}} *{{cite book|last=Akopian|first=Arman|title=Introduction to Aramean and Syriac Studies|publisher=Gorgias Press|year=[[2017]]|isbn=978-1463238933|location=Piscataway in Nova Caesarea}}<!-- *{{harvc|last=Bagg|first=Ariel|year=[[2017]]|in=Frahm|c=Assyrian Technology}}--> *{{Cite journal|last=Bahrani|first=Zainab|date=[[2006]]|title=Race and Ethnicity in Mesopotamian Antiquity |journal=World Archaeology|volume=38|issue=1|pages=48–59|doi=10.1080/00438240500509843|jstor=40023594 |s2cid=144093611}} *{{cite book|last=Becker|first=Adam H.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DbTtBgAAQBAJ|title=Revival and Awakening: American Evangelical Missionaries in Iran and the Origins of Assyrian Nationalism|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=[[2015]]|isbn=978-0226145280|location=Sicagi}} *{{Cite book|last=Bedford|first=Peter R.|title=The Dynamics of Ancient Empires: State Power from Assyria to Byzantium|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=[[2009]]|isbn=978-0-19-537158-1|editor-last=Morris|editor-first=Ian|location=Oxoniae|chapter=The Neo-Assyrian Empire|editor-last2=Scheidel|editor-first2=Walter}} *{{Cite book|last=Benjamen|first=Alda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IxVEAAAQBAJ|title=Assyrians in Modern Iraq: Negotiating Political and Cultural Space|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=[[2022]]|isbn=978-1108838795|location=Cantabrigiae}} *{{cite book|last=Bertman|first=Stephen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1C4NKp4zgIQC|title=Handbook to Life in Ancient Mesopotamia|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=[[2003]]|isbn=978-0195183641|location=Novi Eboraci}} *{{Cite book|last=BetGivargis-McDaniel|first=Maegan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K2XctSfgPTEC|title=Assyrians of New Britain|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|year=[[2007]]|isbn=978-0738550121|location=Carolopoli in Carolina Meridiana}} * {{Cite journal|last=Biggs|first=Robert D.|title=My Career in Assyriology and Near Eastern Archaeology|journal=Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies|year=[[2005]]|volume=19|number=1|pages=1–23|url=http://www.jaas.org/edocs/v19n1/Biggs-Biography-final.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227130515/http://www.jaas.org/edocs/v19n1/Biggs-Biography-final.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-02-27}} *{{cite book|last=Breasted|first=James Henry|title=The Conquest of Civilization|url=https://archive.org/details/conquestofcivili0000jame_h8k2|publisher=Harper & Brothers Publishers|year=[[1926]]|location=Novi Eboraci|oclc=653024}} *{{cite book|last=[[Averil Cameron|Cameron]]|first=Averil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=59c6PSa5JCAC|title=The Byzantines|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|year=2009|isbn=978-1-4051-9833-2|location=Oxoniae}} *{{Cite book|last=Cassidy|first=Edward Idris|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TU0Xc1O3CpgC|title=Ecumenism and Interreligious Dialogue: Unitatis Redintegratio, Nostra Aetate|publisher=Paulist Press|year=[[2005]]|isbn=0-8091-4338-0|location=Mahwah}} *{{cite book|last=Chavalas|first=Mark|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qYudy66ymrUC|title=Faith, Tradition, and History: Old Testament Historiography in Its Near Eastern Context|publisher=Eisenbrauns|year=[[1994]]|isbn=0-931464-82-X|editor-last=Millard|editor-first=A. 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The Ottoman Empire (1800-1914)|publisher=BRILL|year=[[2021]]|isbn=978-9004448094|editor-last=Thomas|editor-first=David|location=Lugduni Batavorum|chapter=Syriac literature and Muslim-Christian relations under the Ottomans, 16th-19th centuries|editor-last2=Chesworth|editor-first2=John A.}} *{{Cite journal|last=Na'aman|first=Nadav|date=[[1991]]|title=Chronology and History in the Late Assyrian Empire (631—619 B.C.)|url=https://www.academia.edu/13458703|journal=Zeitschrift für Assyriologie|volume=81|issue=1–2|pages=243–267|doi=10.1515/zava.1991.81.1-2.243|s2cid=159785150}} *{{cite book|last=Novák|first=Mirko|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WBrfDQAAQBAJ|title=Assyria to Iberia: Art and Culture in the Iron Age|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|year=[[2016]]|isbn=978-1588396068|editor-last=Aruz|editor-first=Joan|location=Novi Eboraci|chapter=Assyrians and Arameans: Modes of Cohabitation and Acculuration at Guzana (Tell Halaf)|editor-last2=Seymour|editor-first2=Michael}} *{{Cite book|last=Oates|first=Joan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGBGauNBK8kC&q=sin-shumu-lishir+eunuch|title=The Cambridge Ancient History Volume 3 Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=[[1992]]|isbn=978-3111033587|chapter=The fall of Assyria (635–609 BC)}} *{{cite book|last=Odisho|first=Edward Y.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ON7BEtQvejcC|title=The Sound System of Modern Assyrian (Neo-Aramaic)|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz|year=1988|isbn=3-447-02744-4|location=Wiesbaden}} *{{Cite journal|last=Parker|first=Bradley J.|date=[[2011]]|title=The Construction and Performance of Kingship in the Neo-Assyrian Empire|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-anthropological-research_fall-2011_67_3/page/357|journal=Journal of Anthropological Research|volume=67|issue=3|pages=357–386|doi=10.3998/jar.0521004.0067.303|jstor=41303323|s2cid=145597598}} *{{Cite journal|last=Parpola|first=Simo|date=[[2004]]|title=National and Ethnic Identity in the Neo-Assyrian Empire and Assyrian Identity in Post-Empire Times|url=https://archive.org/details/parpolaidentityarticlefinal/page/n1/mode/2up|journal=Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies|volume=18|issue=2|pages=5–22}} *{{cite book|last=Payne|first=Richard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KteqCwAAQBAJ|title=Visions of Community in the Post-Roman World: The West, Byzantium and the Islamic World, 300–1100|publisher=Ashgate Publishing|year=[[2012]]|isbn=978-1409427094|editor-last=Pohl|editor-first=Walter|location=Farnham|chapter=Avoiding Ethnicity: Uses of the Ancient Past in Late Sasanian Northern Mesopotamia|editor-last2=Gantner|editor-first2=Clemens|editor-last3=Payne|editor-first3=Richard}} *{{Cite book|last=Radner|first=Karen|title=Ancient Assyria: A Very Short Introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/ancientassyriave0000radn|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=[[2015]]a|isbn=978-0198715900, ISBN 0198715900|locaton=Oxoniae}}. *{{cite encyclopedia|year=[[2015]]b|title=Royal pen pals: the kings of Assyria in correspondence with officials, clients and total strangers (8th and 7th centuries BC)|encyclopedia=Official Epistolography and the Language(s) of Power |publisher=Austrian Academy of Sciences Press|last=Radner|first=Karen|editor1=S. Prochazka|editor2=L. Reinfandt|editor3=S. Tost |url=https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27226/1/Radner_Official_Epistolography_2015_Royal_Pen_Pals.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27226/1/Radner_Official_Epistolography_2015_Royal_Pen_Pals.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}<!-- *{{harvc|last=Radner|first=Karen|year=[[2017]]|in=Frahm|c=Economy, Society, and Daily Life in the Neo‐Assyrian Period}}--> *{{Cite journal|last=Radner|first=Karen|date=[[2019]]|title=Last Emperor or Crown Prince Forever? Aššur-uballiṭ II of Assyria according to Archival Sources|url=https://www.academia.edu/39300596|journal=State Archives of Assyria Studies|volume=28|pages=135–142}} *{{Cite book|last=Radner|first=Karen|title=Multilingualism in Ancient Contexts: Perspectives from Ancient Near Eastern and Early Christian Contexts|publisher=African Sun Media|year=[[2021]]|isbn=978-1991201164|editor-last=Jonker |editor-first=Louis C.|location=Stellenbosch|chapter=Diglossia and the Neo-Assyrian Empire’s Akkadian and Aramaic Text Production|editor-last2=Berlejung|editor-first2=Angelika|editor-last3=Cornelius |editor-first3=Izak|name-list-style=amp}} *{{Cite journal|last=Reade|first=Julian|date=[[2011]]|title=The Evolution of Assyrian Imperial Architecture: Political Implications and Uncertainties|journal=Mesopotamia|volume=XLVI|pages=109–125|issn=0076-6615}} *{{cite book|last=de Ridder|first=Jacob Jan|title=Subartu XXXIX: Kültepe International Meetings, Vol. II: Movement, Resources, Interaction|publisher=Brepols Publishers|year=[[2017]]|isbn=978-2503575223|editor-last1=Kulakoğlu|editor-first1=Fikri|location=Turnhout|chapter=Slavery in Old Assyrian Documents|editor-last2=Barjamovic|editor-first2=Gojko}} *{{Cite journal|last=Rollinger|first=Robert|date=[[2006]]|title=The Terms "Assyria" and "Syria" Again |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-near-eastern-studies_2006-10_65_4/page/283|journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies|volume=65|issue=4|pages=283–287|doi=10.1086/511103 |jstor=10.1086/511103 |s2cid=162760021}} *{{Cite book|last=Roux|first=Georges|title=Ancient Iraq|url=https://archive.org/details/ancientiraq0000roux_h6g4|publisher=Penguin Books|year=[[1992]]|isbn=978-0140125238}}<!-- *{{harvc|last=Russell|first=John M.|anchor-year=2017a|year=[[2017]]|in=Frahm|c=Assyrian Cities and Architecture}} *{{harvc|last=Russell|first=John M.|anchor-year=2017b|year=[[2017]]|in=Frahm|c=Assyrian Art}}--> *{{Cite book|last=Saggs|first=Henry W. F.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8MNJGwAACAAJ|title=The Might That Was Assyria|publisher=Sidgwick & Jackson|year=[[1984]]|isbn=9780312035112|location=Londinii}} *{{cite encyclopedia|year=2012|title=Parthian Assur|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 8|url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/assyria-iii|last=Schippmann|first=K.|pages=816–817}} *{{Cite journal|last=Svärd|first=Saana|year=[[2015]]|title=Changes in Neo-Assyrian Queenship|journal=State Archives of Assyria Bulletin|volume=XXI|pages=157–171}} *{{Cite book|last=Tamari|first=Steve|title=Grounded Identities: Territory and Belonging in the Medieval and Early Modern Middle East and Mediterranean|publisher=BRILL|year=[[2019]]|isbn=978-9004385337|editor-last=Tamari|editor-first=Steve|location=Lugduni Batavorum|chapter=The Land of Syria in the Late Seventeenth Century: ʿAbd al-Ghani al-Nabulusi and Linking City and Countryside through Study, Travel, and Worship|chapter-url=https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789004385337/BP000006.xml}} *{{cite book|last=Travis|first=Hannibal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kd8lAQAAMAAJ|title=Genocide in the Middle East: The Ottoman Empire, Iraq, and Sudan|publisher=Carolina Academic Press|year=[[2010]]|isbn=978-1594604362|location=Durham}} *{{cite book|last1=Van De Mieroop|first1=Marc|title=A History of the Ancient Near East|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofancient0000vand_w8g2|date=[[2016]]|publisher=Wiley Blackwell|edition=tertia|location=Oxoniae}} *{{Cite book|last1=Veenhof|first1=Klaas R.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vYMmrenUywQC|title=Mesopotamia: The Old Assyrian Period|last2=Eidem|first2=Jesper|publisher=Academic Press Fribourg|year=[[2008]]|isbn=978-3727816239|series=Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis|location=Gottingae}}<!-- *{{harvc|last=Veenhof|first=Klaas R.|year=[[2017]]|in=Frahm|c=The Old Assyrian Period (20th–18th century BCE)}}--> *{{Cite book|last=Wagensonner|first=Klaus|title=Multilingualism, Lingua Franca and Lingua Sacra |url=https://www.mprl-series.mpg.de/studies/10/|publisher=Max Planck Institute for the History of Science |year=[[2018]]|isbn=978-3945561133|editor-last=Braarvig|editor-first=Jens|location=Berlin|chapter=Sumerian in the Middle Assyrian Period|editor-last2=Geller|editor-first2=Markham J.|chapter-url=https://www.mprl-series.mpg.de/media/studies/10/11/Studies10Chap8.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.mprl-series.mpg.de/media/studies/10/11/Studies10Chap8.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}} *{{cite book|last=Waters|first=Matt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__xGAgAAQBAJ|title=Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire 550–330 BCE|publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=[[2014]]|isbn=978-1107009608|location=Cantabrigiae}} * Widengren, G. [[1986]]. "Āsōristān." ''[[Encyclopaedia Iranica]]'' 2 (8): 785–86. [https://iranicaonline.org/articles/asoristan Textus inerretialis.] *{{Cite book|last=Yamada|first=Shiego|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xovifEBCsAgC|title=The Construction of the Assyrian Empire: A Historical Study of the Inscriptions of Shalmanesar III (859–824 B.C.) Relating to His Campaigns to the West|publisher=BRILL|year=[[2000]]|isbn=90-04-11772-5|location=Lugduni Bataviorum}}<!-- *{{harvc|last=Yamada|first=Shiego|year=[[2017]]|in=Frahm|c=The Transition Period (17th to 15th century BCE)}}--> *{{cite book|last=Yapp|first=Malcolm|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1IkcBgAAQBAJ|title=The Making of the Modern Near East 1792–1923|publisher=Routledge|year=[[1988]]|isbn=978-0582493803|location=Londinii}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Assyria|Assyriam}} * {{Cite web|title=Ashurbanipal|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ashurbanipal|access-date=28 Novembris 2019|website=Encyclopaedia Britannica|ref=CITEREFEncyclopaedia_Britannica}}. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141114220550/http://www.miglus.com/Themen/Assur/assur.html Excavationes Assuriae in urbe ipsa annis 2000 et 2001.] * [http://assur.de/Themen/themen.html Novae excavationes.] * {{Cite web|last=Bain|first=Robert|date=[[2017]]|title=Women, Fundamentalism and Terror: Echoes of Ancient Assyria|url=https://lb.boell.org/en/2017/02/09/women-fundamentalism-and-terror-echoes-ancient-assyria|access-date=29 Ianuarii 2022|website=Heinrich Böll Stiftung}} * {{Cite web|last=|date=23 Ianuarii [[2022]]|title=Newly Digitised Manuscript Sheds Valuable Light on Assyrian Identity|url=https://acsya.org/post/23012022.html|access-date=25 Ianuarii 2022|website=Assyrian Cultural & Social Youth Association|language=en|ref=CITEREFacsya.org}} * Radner, Karen. [[2012]]|. "The King's Road: the imperial communication network." ''Assyrian empire builders.'' Londinii: University College London. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200819111900/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/sargon/essentials/governors/thekingsroad/ Textus interretialis.] [[Categoria:Antiquus Oriens Medius]] [[Categoria:Assyria| ]] [[Categoria:Culturae aetatis aëneae]] [[Categoria:Levans]] [[Categoria:Mesopotamia]] [[Categoria:Saeculum 9 a.C.n.]] [[Categoria:Saeculum 8 a.C.n.]] [[Categoria:Saeculum 7 a.C.n.]] {{Myrias|Historia}} kyibgkgswj1kz4rohj9xjope6dll60o Virius Nicomachus Flavianus 0 32010 3986230 3980829 2026-09-06T19:44:26Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Fontes */ 3986230 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Base statua di Virio Nicomaco Flaviano - Musei Capitolini.jpg|thumb|CIL 6,1782: Basis statuae Nicomachi.]] '''Virius Nicomachus Flavianus''' (natus anno [[334]] - obiit die [[6 Septembris]] [[394]]) fuit scriptor, vir publicus, [[consul]] ac [[senator]] Romanus "factionis" [[paganismus|paganae]]. Eius historia deperdita est sed inter convivas ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Macrobi Saturnalium]]'' inducitur. A quibusdam auctor aut editor ''[[Historia Augusta|Historiae Augustae]]'' creditur<ref>Emilienne Demougeot (1953). Cf. Festy, Michel. "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/crai_0065-0536_2004_num_148_2_22744 Les Nicomaques, auteurs de l'Histoire auguste. La jalousie des méchants]",''Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres'', 2004: 757-767</ref>. == De familia == Filius Volusii Venusti<ref>[[Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius|Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia]]'' I.5.13. A.H.M. Jones; J. R. Martindale; J. Morris. ''The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire'', Cambridge, 1971, t.I: [https://archive.org/details/plre-01-260-395/PLRE01_260-395/page/948/mode/2up 949]</ref> ex vicario Hispaniarum<ref>[[Ammianus Marcellinus]] 23.1.4 et 28.1.24-25.</ref> erat. Ipse duos filios genuit: [[Nicomachus Flavianus iunior|Nicomachum Flavianum iuniorem]]<ref>A.H.M. Jones; J. R. Martindale; J. Morris. ''The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire'', Cambridge, 1971, t.I: [https://archive.org/details/plre-01-260-395/PLRE01_260-395/page/344/mode/2up 345-347]. [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Symmachus]], ''Ep''. II.17 et 19 et 22 et 24.</ref>, qui sese ad christianismum convertit<ref>[[Augustinus Hipponensis]], ''[[De civitate Dei|De Civitate Dei]]'' V.26.</ref> atque ter [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus urbi]] fuit, et Venustum<ref>A.H.M. Jones; J. R. Martindale; J. Morris. ''The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire'', Cambridge, 1971, t.I: [https://archive.org/details/plre-01-260-395/PLRE01_260-395/page/948/mode/2up 948]. [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Symmachus]], ''Ep''. II.17 et 88, VI.12 et 20, IX.17.</ref> qui res publicas neglexit et privatis operam dedit. Nepos ei fuit Appius Nicomachus Dexter [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus urbi]]. == De cursu honorum == Fuit ex ordine Siciliae consularis (364-5), vicarius Africae ([[377]]), [[Quaestor sacri palatii|quaestor sacri palatii]] [[Theodosius I|imperatoris Theodosii]], praefectus Illyrici (383). Deinde aliquamdiu sine officio fuit ob filii dedecus. Ab anno [[390]] cum Theodosio reconciliatus praefecturas Italiae, Africae, Illyrici gessit. [[Usurpatio|Usurpatorem]] [[Eugenius (imperator)|Eugenium]] deinde sequitur qui [[Tolerantia|tolerantiam]] erga priscos cultus profitebatur et [[Consul|consulatum]] Nicomacho offert. Post partes tamen victas die 5 septembris [[394]] sibi mortem conscivit. [[Pontifex|Pontificatu]] maiore quoque honoratus erat. Diu post mortem anno [[431]] memoria eius in integrum ab imperatoribus [[Theodosius II|Theodosio II]] et [[Valentinianus III|Valentiniano III]] restituta est (nam "livor improborum" ab eo Theodosium abalienaverat) auctoribus filio et nepote [[Appius Nicomachus Dexter|Nicomacho Dextro]]<ref> {{CIL|6|1783}} C. W. Hedrick (2000).</ref>. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes == *[[CIL]] [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Corpus_Inscriptionum_Latinarum/Tomus_VI#1782 6,1782 et 1783] *[[Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius|Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia]]'' I.5.13. *[[Sidonius Apollinaris]], ''Epistulae'' VIII.3.1 * [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Symmachus]], libro secundo epistularum necnon III.69 et 90. == Lege etiam == * Bruno Bleckmann, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4436364 Bemerkungen zu den Annales des Nicomachus Flavianus]", ''Historia'' vol. 44 (1995) pp. 83–100 *Iohannes Petrus Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11710 Les préfectures de Nicomaque Flavien]", in ''Mélanges d’histoire ancienne offerts à William Seston'', 1974, pp. 73-80 *Émilienne Demougeot, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1953_num_22_2_3215 Flavius Vopiscus est-il Nicomaque Flavien ?]", ''L'Antiquité Classique'', 1953: 361-382 *Lucie Desbrosses, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_2013_num_115_2_5844 L’Histoire Auguste – De Nicomaque Flavien senior à Naucellius. À propos de M. Thomson, Studies in the Historia Augusta, Bruxelles 2012]", ''Revue des Études Anciennes'', 2013: 645-652 * Robert Malcolm Errington, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4436261 The Praetorian Prefectures of Virius Nicomachus Flavianus]", ''Historia'' vol. 41 (1992) pp. 439–461. *Michel Festy, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4436487 Le début et la fin des "Annales" de Nicomaque Flavien]", ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1997: 465-478 *Beatrice Girotti, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/43652943 Nicomacho Flaviano, "historicus disertissimus"?]", ''Hermes'', 2015: 124-128 * Thomas Grünewald, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4436262 Der letzte Kampf des Heidentums in Rom? Zur posthumen Rehabilitation des Virius Nicomachus Flavianus]", ''Historia'' vol. 41 (1992) pp. 462–487 * Charles W. Hedrick Jr., ''History and Silence: The Purge and Rehabilitation of Memory in Late Antiquity''. Austin, 2000. ISBN 0-292-73121-3 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=m1lfk9DCtIsC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud guglum librorum] *A.H.M. Jones; J. R. Martindale; J. Morris. ''The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire'', Cambridge, 1971, t.I: [https://archive.org/details/plre-01-260-395/PLRE01_260-395/page/346/mode/2up 347-349] * James J. O’Donnell, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20081223162508/http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/jod/texts/flavianus.html The Career of Virius Nicomachus Flavianus]", ''Phoenix'' vol. 32 (1978) pp. 129–143 * Jelle Wytzes, ''Der letzte Kampf des Heidentums in Rom''. Leiden: Brill, 1977 == Nexus externi == *[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Virius_Nicomachus_Flavianus Nicomachum Flavianum] pertinent. * {{BBKL|v/virus_n_f|auctor=Wolfgang Kuhoff|commentatio=VIRIUS NICOMACHUS FLAVIANUS|tomus=12|columnae=1442-1456}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926234215/http://compute-in.ku-eichstaett.de:8888/pls/epigr/epiergebnis?p_belegstelle=CIL+06,+01783&r_sortierung=Belegstelle ↑ Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL) 6, 1783] [[Categoria:Scriptores Imperii Romani]] [[Categoria:Scriptores operum deperditorum]] [[Categoria:Historici Romani antiqui]] [[Categoria:Consules]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini antiqui]] [[Categoria:Nati 334]] [[Categoria:Mortui 394]] [[Categoria:Homines qui sibi mortem consciverunt]] aheh0a6e5pg4lxd1wf5qmlcb1wsf7d9 Radiophonia 0 32761 3986209 3818296 2026-09-06T17:01:46Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986209 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-2}} [[Fasciculus:Shortwave Radio.jpg|300px|thumb|Radiophonum undae brevis accepiendae potis.]] '''Radiophonia'''<ref name=NSLO>Ebbe Vilborg, ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok'', editio secunda, 2009.</ref> sive '''ars radiophonica'''<ref name=NSLO/> est [[technologia]] qua enuntiationes, in primis [[homo|hominum]] voces, per undas radiophonicas transferre licet. Radiis electromagneticiis modo proprio mutandis, ceu amplitudine sive numero agitationum, indicia portari possunt. Cum [[unda radioelectrica|undae radioelectricae]] [[conductorium]] accesserunt, campis agitantibus in conductorio fluentum alternum incitantur, quod observari potest atque in [[sonus|sonum]] sive notitias alias converti. ==Series radiophonicae== ===Unda media=== Series nomine unda media vocantur quae per [[spectrum electromagneticum]] intra frequentias 535 usque ad 1705 chiliohertziorum signa emittit. Haec frequentiarum series etiam AM consuetudine appellatur, quia technologia modulationis amplitudinis adhibetur ad emissiones mittendas et accipiendas. [[Nox|Nocte]] quam interdiu emissiones intra undam mediam ulterius transgredi possunt, quod interdie per undam terrestrem sed nocte per caelestem currunt. Quae modulatione amplitudinis utuntur, sunt, sensu stricto, gradualitates sive genera [[tres|tria]]: unda minor, unda media, unda brevis. ===Unda brevis=== Series nomine unda brevis vocantur quae per spectrum electromagneticum intra frequentias 3 usque ad 30 megahertziorum signa emittit. Quoniam quam superiores tam breviores [[unda electromagnetica|undae electromagneticae]] fiunt, haec series fraquentiarum, quam unda media superior, sic vocatur nomine brevis. Quoniam undae breves Iontosphaera resonantur, quo aggredi nequeant locus in orbe terrarum est nullus. Quae res emittendi nomine unda caelestis appellatur. Accipiendarum facultas per undam brevem emissionum in aeris statu mutationibusque persaepe consistit. Norma exstat, per exemplum, qua frequentiae die superiores nocteque inferiores quam 12 megahertziorum melius accipi soleant. Eius rei causa sic afferatur, ut interdie intra Ionosphaerae partem quandam [[atomus|atomi]] in electronia fragantur solis photoniis. Itaque frequentiae quam 12 [[Hertz|megahertziorum]] inferiores longe transgredi non possunt. === Frequentiae Modulatio (FM) === Frequentiae Modulatio technologia est qua emissiones magna cum soni fidelitate transmittantur. Hoc modus emissionis hodie habetur gratiosus soni fidelitatis causa praesertim ad musicam emittendam. == Genera Radiophonorum == [[Fasciculus:Philco cathedral radio.jpg|left|thumb|Radiophonum Tubulare a societate Philco confectum anno [[1931]].]] === Radiophona tubularia === Radiophona tubularia tubulis aeris vacuis conficiuntur. Hoc genus radiophoni tubulis utitur vitreis ut signa amplificentur atque audiantur. Pleraque radiophona prae anno 1960 hanc signorum amplificandorum causa applicabant technologiam. Signa cum amplificata sunt, ea transportantur ad echea, quae sonum eiciunt. Radiophonia primum tubularia modo undam mediam ac nonnumquam undam brevem habere consueverunt. Technologia frequentiae modulationis in vulgus adventa, tum hanc seriem radiophona incluserunt. ===Radiophona transistorialia=== [[Fasciculus:Sony-walkman-srfs84s 0001.JPG|thumb|Radiophonum transistoriale quod SONY ad [[commercium]] introduxit anno [[2001]].]] Anno [[1960]], [[Sony]], mercatoria domus, radiophona transistorialia venumdare coepit. Recentes hae fabricae technologiam transistrorum contribuerunt ad rationem radiophonorum fabricandorum. Ante [[transistrum]] inventum, confectores radiophonorum plerumque tubulis [[vitrum|vitreis]] usi erant. Transistro ita adhibito, radiophona construi magnitudine minora ac duriora munitione quam prius possunt. Tum demum radiophona fiebant gestabilia. Haec antea, cum portari posse referantur, tamen erant paene ampliora quam plerique portare volebant {{NexInt}} *[[Antenna (radiophonia)]] *[[Codex Morsianus]] *[[Dies mundialis radiophoniae]] *[[Alexander Popov]] *[[Radiophonum]] *[[Statio radiophonica]] *[[Telecommunicatio]] ==Notae== <references/> == Fontes == === Bibliographia === * Aitkin, Hugh G. J. [[1985]]. ''The Continuous Wave: Technology and the American Radio, 1900-1932.'' Princeton University Press. * Anderson, Leland I., ed. [[1986]], "[http://www.tfcbooks.com/mall/more/436ntpr.htm John Stone Stone, Nikola Tesla's Priority in Radio and Continuous-Wave Radiofrequency Apparatus]." ''The AWA Review,'' 1, 24 paginae. * [[Asa Briggs|Briggs, Asa]]. [[1961]]. ''The History of Broadcasting in the United Kingdom.'' Oxford University Press. * {{cite book | last = Buga | first = N. | coauthors = Falko A., Chistyakov N. I. | editor = Chistyakov N. I. | others = Conversus ex Russico a Boris V. Kuznetsov | title = Radio Receiver Theory | url = https://archive.org/details/n.-i.-chistyakov-radio-receiver-theory-mir-1990 | year = [[1990]] | publisher = Mir Publishers | location = Moscuae | isbn = 5-03-001321-0 | postscript = &nbsp;&nbsp;First published in Russian as «Радиоприёмные устройства» }} * Cockaday, L. M. [[1922]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=8x5IAAAAIAAJ Radio-telephony for everyone; the wireless: how to construct and maintain modern transmitting and receiving apparatus]. Novi Eboraci: Frederick A. Stokes. * Da Silva, E. [[2001]]. High frequency and microwave engineering. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. * [[Ioannes Dunning (scriptor)|Dunning, John]]. [[1998]]. ''On the Air. The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio''. Novi Eboraci, Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-507678-8 * Ewbank, Henry, et Sherman P. Lawton. [[1952]]. ''Broadcasting: Radio and Television.'' Harper & Brothers. * Fisher, Marc. [[2007]]. ''Something In The Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped A Generation.'' Novi Eboraci: Random House. * Hausmann, E., Goldsmith, A. N., Hazeltine, L. A., Hogan, J. V. L., Morecroft, J. H., Canavaciol, F. E., et al. [[1922]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=6qFRAAAAMAAJ Radio phone receiving; a practical book for everybody]. Novi Eboraci: D. Van Nostrand. * Lauer, H., & Brown, H. L. [[1920]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=zhdDAAAAIAAJ Radio engineering principles]. Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill book company. * Lewis, Tom. [[1991]]. ''Empire of the Air: The Men Who Made Radio.'' Ed. 1a. Novi Eboraci: E. Burlingame Books. ISBN 0-06-018215-6.<!-- "[[Empire of the Air: The Men Who Made Radio]]" (1992) by [[Ken Burns]] was a PBS documentary based on the book.--> * Maclaurin, W. Rupert. [[1949]]. ''Invention and Innovation in the Radio Industry.'' Macmillan. * Mills, J. [[1917]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=TZREAAAAIAAJ Radio communication, theory and methods, with an appendix on transmission over wires]. Novi Eboraci: McGraw-Hill. * Ray, William B. [[1990]]. ''FCC: The Ups and Downs of Radio-TV Regulation.'' Iowa State University Press. * Rohde, Ulrich L., et Jerry Whitaker. [[2001]]. ''Communications Receivers.' Ed. 3a. Novi Eboraci: McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-136121-9. * Russo, Alexander. [[2010]]. ''Points on the Dial: Golden Age Radio Beyond the Networks.'' Duke University Press. * Scannell, Paddy, et David Cardiff. [[1991]]. ''A Social History of British Broadcasting.'' Vol. 1, 1922-1939. Basil Blackwell. * Schwoch, James. [[1990]]. ''The American Radio Industry and Its Latin American Activities, 1900-1939.'' University of Illinois Press. * Sewall, C. H. [[1904]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=3hZDAAAAIAAJ Wireless telegraphy: its origins, development, inventions, and apparatus]. Npvo Eboraci: D. Van Nostrand. * Smith, Clint, et Curt Gervelis. [[2003]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=nZAVGBoPevUC&pg=PA25&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=F4-sSKuzO6XmtgO4393BBA&sig=ACfU3U0g0vtYCOzP0LCCzdRfr7bgKwvTNg#PPA24,M1 Wireless Network Performance Handbook.] McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 0-07-140655-7. * [[Christopher H. Sterling|Sterling, Christopher H.]], et Michael C. Keith, eds. [[2004]]. ''Encyclopedia of Radio.'' 3 voll. Novi Eboraci, Londinii: Dearborn * White, Llewellyn. [[1947]]. ''The American Radio.'' Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. === Interrete === ;Generalia * {{dmoz|Arts/Radio}} * [http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/98jan/radio.htm "It's Radi-O!] Commentarium a [[Ricardus Rubin (scriptor)|Ricardo Rubin]], ''The Atlantic Monthly'', Ianuario, apud www.theatlantic.com ;Historia * U.S. Supreme Court, "''[http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=320&invol=1 Marconi Wireless Telegraph co. of America v. United States]''." 320 U.S. 1. Nos. 369, 373. Argued 9–12 April 1943; iudicatus 21 Iunii 1943; apud caselaw.lp.findlaw.com * "''[http://www.buzzle.com/articles/history-of-radio-who-invented-the-radio.html Who Invented Radio]?''" apud www.buzzle.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509060133/http://history.sandiego.edu/GEN/recording/radio.html "Steven Schoenherr's History of Radio,"] apud history.sandiego.edu * [http://www.oldradio.com/toc.htm "The Broadcast Archive - Radio History on the Web!] apud www.oldradio.com * [http://www.broadcasting-history.ca "Canadian Communications Foundation - The History on Canadian Broadcasting - 1920 onward,"] apud www.broadcasting-history.ca * [http://earlyradiohistory.us "United States Early Radio History -1897 to 1927,"] apud earlyradiohistory.us * [http://www.vk2bv.org/museum "Historic Radios from Around the World at Kurrajong Radio Museum, Australia,"] apud www.vk2bv.org ;Antiquitates<!--antiques--> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051123180159/http://invention.smithsonian.org/resources/fa_clark_index.aspx "George H. Clark Radioana Collection, ca. 1880 - 1950,"] apud invention.smithsonian.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/19990209121914/http://members.aol.com/djadamson/arp.html "A gallery of Antiques from the 1920s to the 1960s,"] apud members.aol.com ;Res technicae * [http://www.ntia.doc.gov/osmhome/allochrt.pdf Radio Frequency Chart,] [[National Telecommunications and Information Administration]], apud www.ntia.doc.gov * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080107072034/http://www.iateacher.com/Lesson%206/L6P1-Title.htm "Interactive Explanation of Radio Receiver Construction,"] apud www.iateacher.com * [http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/radio.htm Radio,] apud electronica.howstuffworks.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120416031853/http://www.allstar.fiu.edu/aero/vor.htm "VOR Basic Information,"] apud www.allstar.fiu.edu * [http://home.comcast.net/~phils_radio_designs/ "Dr. Phil's Receiver Designs, Single-Triode and Single-Transistor Regenerative Radio Designs,"] apud home.comcast.net * [http://www.eetimes.com/design/microwave-rf-design/4228582/How-to-design-a-traditional-radio?Ecosystem=microwave-rf-design "How to design a traditional radio,] a Natalian Zhai, Silicon Labs, apud www.eetimes.com ;DX * [http://www.bdxc.org.uk "The British DX Club,"] apud www.bdxc.org.uk * [http://www.worldofradio.com/ "World of Radio,"] programma radiophonicum [[DX]] a [[Glenn Hauser]], apud www.worldofradio.com == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Radio|radiophoniam}} {{Wiktionary|radio}} [[Categoria:Radiophonia|!]] {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Technologia}} cym093oh9nrwhijjjb9g8ab05jcwn01 Mauritius Kaposi 0 47170 3986218 3070875 2026-09-06T17:33:28Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Moriz Kaposi.jpg|thumb|Mauritius Kaposi]] ''' Mauritius Kaposi''' (natus '''Mauritius Kohn''' familia [[Iudaei|Iudaica]] nomen mutavit cum se ad [[Religio Christiana|fidem Christi]] convertit) fuit [[medicus]] [[Imperium Austro-Hungaricum|Austro-hungaricus]]. Ad honorem eius nomen species [[cancer (morbus)|cancri]], [[sarcoma Kaposianum]], impostum est, quia Kaposi hunc [[morbus|morbum]] primum anno [[1873]] descripsit. == Nexus externus == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927195647/http://www.aerztewoche.at/viewArticleDetails.do?articleId=3236 De Mauritio Kaposi: ''Der Mann hinter dem Sarkom (Altes Medizinisches Wie''n 95)]'', Ärztewoche, 18. Jg. Nr. 43, 2004 {{Ling|Germanice}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1837|1902|Kaposi, Mauritius}} [[Categoria:Medici Hungariae]] [[Categoria:Medici Austriae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Vindobonensis]] [[Categoria:Pathologi]] [[Categoria:Oncologi]] [[Categoria:Iudaei]] r75z1nt3wzxu143zt6mcgjzh6uvphgt Vita Apollonii Tyanei 0 52870 3986239 3979056 2026-09-06T20:20:19Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3986239 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} '''''Vita Apollonii Tyanei''''' est biographia a sophista [[Philostratus Atheniensis|Philostrato Atheniensi]] circa annum [[220]] [[Graece]] scripta. In hoc libro Philostratus praetendit se multis fontibus usum esse de [[Apollonius Tyaneus|Apollonio]], inter quos numerat ''[[Epistulae (Apollonius Tyaneus)|epistulas]]'' Apollonio ipsi tributas, opus [[Maximus Aegaeensis|Maximi Aegaeensis]], vitam in quattuor libris a [[Moeragenes|Moeragene]] confectam, sed praecipue libellos a [[Damis|Damide]] quodam, [[Niniva|Nini]] incola, scriptos et Philostrato ab imperatrice [[Iulia Domna]] datos. Philostratus scribit Apollonium, [[Tyana]]e in [[Cappadocia]] natum, philosophum [[ascesis|asceticum]], in [[Italia]]m, [[Hispania]]m, [[Nubia]]m, [[Mesopotamia]]m, [[India]]m iter fecisse; in India inter alia philosophum [[Iarchas|Iarcham]] cognovisse. Dicit Apollonium post mortem in caelum assumptum fuisse. Deinde Apollonius a pluribus imperatoribus Romanis [[Domus Severana|Severanis]] veneratus est, et scriptores pagani eum cum [[Iesus|Iesu]] comparaverunt.<ref>Oxford Classical Dictionary, s.v. "Apollonius (12), of Tyana".</ref> Certe Christiani quinti saeculi hanc vitam legebant atque transcribebant fortasse etiam Latine vertebant<ref>[[Sidonius Apollinaris]], ''Epistulae'' VIII.3.</ref>. == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> == Nexus externi == * [http://books.google.fr/books?id=Llk-AAAAcAAJ Textus et versio] {{Ling|Graece|Latine}} [[Categoria:Libri biographici]] [[Categoria:Litterae Graecae aevi Romani]] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 2]] 6d7sleiepgcraq6tzkn8muawfukgdtw Alienora Roosevelt 0 58811 3986196 3978394 2026-09-06T16:33:58Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986196 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Anna_Eleanor_Roosevelt.png|thumb|300px|Anna Alienora Roosevelt (1949).]] '''Anna Alienora Roosevelt''' (nata [[Urbs Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]] [[11 Octobris]] [[1884]]; ibidem mortua [[7 Novembris]] [[1962]]) fuit [[uxor]] [[Franklinus D. Roosevelt|Franklini D. Roosevelt]], trigesimi secundi [[Praeses Civitatum Foederatarum|Praesidis]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]], ergo a die [[4 Martii]] [[1933]] usque ad diem [[12 Aprilis]] [[1945]] [[prima domina Civitatum Foederatarum|prima reipublicae domina]]. ==Vita== [[Fasciculus:Eleanor Roosevelt and Fala at Val,Kill in Hyde Park, New York - NARA - 196181.jpg|thumb|125px|left|Alienora et [[Fala (canis)|Fala]], [[canis]] Rooseveltianus, anno [[1951]].]] [[Fasciculus:Franklin D. Roosevelt and Eleanor Roosevelt with Anna and baby James, formal portrait in Hyde Park, New York 1908.jpg|thumb|200px|Alienora et Franklinius cum liberis maioribus natis (1908).]] [[Fasciculus:Eleanor Roosevelt cph.3b16000.jpg|thumb|200px|Alienora anno [[1932]].]] [[Fasciculus:Eleanor Roosevelt at United Nations.png|thumb|upright|Alienora contionem in [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociatione Nationum]] habet, Iulio [[1947]].]] [[Fasciculus:Magsaysay Roosevelt.jpg|thumb|Alienora cum [[Ramon Magsaysay]], septimo praeside [[Philippinae|Philippinarum]], et [[uxor]]e in [[Palatium Malacañan|Palatio Malacañan]] anno [[1955]].]] Alienora, [[Anna Livingston Ludlow Hall Roosevelt|Annae Livingston Ludlow Hall]], et Elliott Roosevelt fratri praesidis [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] [[Theodorus Roosevelt|Theodori Roosevelt]] [[filia]], iuvenis [[mater|matre]] [[pater|patreque]] orbata est, nam anno [[1892]] propter [[diphtheria]]m mater et anno [[1894]] pater, immodico [[distillatio alcoholis|potionum alcoholicorum]] usui indulgente, perierunt. Die [[17 Martii]] [[1905]] Alienora Franklino D. Roosevelt cum ea longinqua cognatione coniuncto nupsit, cui sex filios peperit. Ad [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociationem Nationum]] confirmandum conata est acque{{dubsig}} est una [[auctor]]um [[Universalis de hominis iuribus declaratio|Declarationis Universae Iurum Humanorum]]. ==Bibliographia== *Beasley, Maurine. [[1986]]. Eleanor Roosevelt's Vision of Journalism: A Communications Medium for Women. ''Presidential Studies Quarterly'' 16(1):66–75. *Beasley, Maurine H. [[2010]]. ''Eleanor Roosevelt: Transformative First Lady.'' University Press of Kansas. *Beasley, Maurine H., et al., eds. [[2001]]. ''The Eleanor Roosevelt Encyclopedia.'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20110412145507/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104599663 Liber interretialis.] * {{cite book|title=Eleanor Roosevelt, Vol. 1: 1884–1933|url=https://archive.org/details/eleanorroosevelt0000blan|last=Cook|first=Blanche Wiesen|year=1992}} * {{cite book |title=Eleanor Roosevelt, Vol. 2: 1933–1938 |last=Cook |first=Blanche Wiesen |year=1999 |publisher=Viking |isbn=067080486X |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Eleanor_Roosevelt.html?id=ecrtAAAAMAAJ}} * {{cite book |title=Roosevelt's Navy |url=https://archive.org/details/rooseveltsnavyed0000deka |last=de Kay |first=James Tertius |year=2012 |publisher=Pegasus |location=New York |isbn=9781605982854 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/rooseveltsnavyed0000deka/page/9 9]–10}} *Glendon, Mary Ann. [[2000]]. John P. Humphrey and the Drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. ''Journal of the History of International Law'' 250–260. * {{cite book |title=A World Made New: Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights |last=Glendon |first=Mary Ann |year=2001 |publisher=Random House |isbn=0679463100 |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/A_World_Made_New.html?id=2-vaZkbca2sC}} * {{cite book |title=No Ordinary Time |last=Goodwin |first=Doris Kearns |year=1994 |publisher=Simon & Schuster|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wQcMDdFC1QEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=doris+goodwin+eleanor&hl=en&sa=X&ei=X6auUMHwNO-_2QXCx4Bo&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=doris%20goodwin%20eleanor&f=false|isbn=9780684804484}} *Lachman, Seymour P. [[1965]]. The Cardinal, the Congressmen, and the First Lady. ''Journal of Church and State'' Hieme: 35–66. *Lash, Joseph. [[1971]]. ''Eleanor and Franklin''. Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton. *Lash, Joseph. [[1972]]. ''Eleanor: The Years Alone.'' *O'Farrell, Brigid. [[2011]]. ''She Was One of Us: Eleanor Roosevelt and the American Worker.'' ILR Press / Cornell University Press. * {{cite book|first=Mark|last=Peyser|first2=Timothy|last2=Dwyer|title=Hissing Cousins: The Untold Story of Eleanor Roosevelt and Alice Roosevelt Longworth|url=https://archive.org/details/hissingcousinsun0000peys| isbn=9780385536028|lccn=|year=2015|publisher=Doubleday}} *Pfeffer, Paula F. [[1996]]. Eleanor Roosevelt and the National and World Women's Parties. ''Historian'' Autumno:39–58. *Pottker, Jan. ''Sara and Eleanor: The Story of Sara Delano Roosevelt and Her Daughter-In-Law, Eleanor Roosevelt.'' St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0312303408. *Rowley, Hazel. [[2010]]. ''Franklin and Eleanor: An Extraordinary Marriage.'' Novi Eboraci: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 9780374158576. *Smith, Jean Edward. [[2007]] ''FDR.'' Novi Eboraci: Random House. ISBN 978081297049. ===Historiographia=== *Provizer, Norman W. [[2011]]. Eleanor Roosevelt Biographies. In ''A Companion to Franklin D. Roosevelt,'' ed. William D. Pederson, 15–33. [https://www.questia.com/read/123510939/a-companion-to-franklin-d-roosevelt Commentarius interretialis.] == Nexus externi == {{Communia|Anna Eleanor Roosevelt| Alienoram Roosevelt}} *[http://www.fembio.org/biographie.php/frau/biographie/eleanor-roosevelt/ Biographia Alienorae Roosevelt] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20081117083142/http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/firstladies/ar32.html Biographia apud Domus Albae paginam] {{Ling|Anglice}} *[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~nnnotables/zelr.html Genealogia] {{Dominae Primae (CFA)}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Roosevelt, Alienora}} [[Categoria:Nati 1884]] [[Categoria:Mortui 1962]] [[Categoria:Alumni Novae Scholae]] [[Categoria:Dominae Primae (CFA)]] [[Categoria:Incolae Novi Eboraci]] [[Categoria:Mulieres]] [[Categoria:Franklinus Delano Roosevelt]] {{Myrias|Homines}} qxvd2fozwb51oed5enptdpxlyw8hwev Pier Angeli 0 61227 3986314 3803589 2026-09-07T04:47:00Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986314 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Pier Angeli''' (nata ''Anna Maria Pierangeli'' [[Caralis|Carali]] in [[Sardinia]] die [[19 Iunii]] [[1932]]; mortua [[Beverly Hills]] in [[California]] die [[10 Septembris]] [[1971]]) fuit [[actrix]] [[Italia|Italica]] et gemina [[Marisa Pavan|Marisae Pavan]] [[soror]]. ==Nexus externi== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090215050939/http://film.virtual-history.com/person.php?personid=7234 Petrae Angeli imagines.] * {{Imdb name|0000765|Pier Angeli}} {{Lifetime|1932|1971|Angeli, Petra}} [[Categoria:Actores Italiae]] [[Categoria:Mulieres]] [[Categoria:Incolae Sardiniae]] 6a3iowzrlju29fbdtfhhv4y948bou8j Petrus Maior 0 67804 3986313 3724391 2026-09-07T03:57:54Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986313 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Reghin13.JPG|thumb|right|Petrus Maior]] '''Petrus Maior''' (natus [[Novum Forum Siculorum |Novi Fori Siculorum]] circa annum [[1756]] — mortuus est [[Aquincum| Aquinci]] die [[14 Februarii]] [[1821]]) [[presbyter]] [[Ecclesiae Graeco-Catholicae|Graeco-Catholicus]], fuit [[rerum gestarum scriptor]], [[philologus]] et [[philosophus]] [[Romania|Dacoromanus]] e [[Transilvania]]. Opus ''[[Buda Lexicon]]'' anno [[1825]] editum duae opera a Petro Maiore scripta continet: ''Orthographia romana sive latino-valachica una cum clavi'' et ''Dialogu pentru inceputul linbei române'', quacum Maior duas [[littera]]s ș /ʃ/ et ț for /ts/ in [[abecedarium|abecedario]] [[Lingua Dacoromanica| Dacoromanico]] attulit <ref>Marinella Lörinczi Angioni, "Coscienza nazionale romanza e ortografia: il romeno tra alfabeto cirillico e alfabeto latino ", ''La Ricerca Folklorica'', No. 5, La scrittura: funzioni e ideologie. (Apr., 1982), pag. 75-85.</ref> ==Nexus externi== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060830081340/http://www.uttgm.ro/rel_internationale/studying.html De Petro Maiore apud pagina Universitatis eo dicatae] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20160305114416/http://www.biserica.org/WhosWho/DTR/M/PetruMaior.html Dicţionarul Teologilor Români - Petri Maioris opus] {{Ling |Dacoromanice}} ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references /></div> {{DEFAULTSORT:Maior, Petrus}} [[Categoria:Auctores Dacoromanici]] [[Categoria:Historici Romaniae]] [[Categoria:Philologi Romaniae]] [[Categoria:Incolae Transsilvaniae]] [[Categoria:Presbyteri catholici]] [[Categoria:Nati 1756]] [[Categoria:Mortui 1821]] {{scriptor-stipula}} 7v9th8hkx35ia0hwepnfmj9lvvj72pp Selestadium 0 71074 3986171 3734426 2026-09-06T14:00:29Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3986171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Synagogue de Sélestat.JPG|thumb|Synagoga]] '''Selestadium''',<ref>"Selestadium, Scaldistatum, Scaldistadium": {{Graesse}}. Vide [http://books.google.com/books?id=xfY_AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA199&lpg=PA199&dq=ulterior+portus+le+tr%C3%A9port&source=web&ots=2jqoeUVLBz&sig=9rQABypYnrGtATU1US5yQZ8E_t0].</ref> ([[Francogallice]] ''Sélestat''; Theodisce ''Schlettstadt'') est [[oppidum]] praefecturae [[Rhenus inferior|Rheni inferioris]] et ex anno 2021 [[Communitas Europaea Alsatiae|Communitatis Europaeae Alsatiae]] in regione orientali olim [[Alsatia]] et a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Alsatia Campania Arduenna et Lotharingia]] et nunc ex plebiscito ''Grand Est'' vocata. Anno 2023 Selestadiensium numerus erat 19&thinsp;589. == Geographia == Selestadium media planitie Alsatiae ad [[Helellus|Helelli]] ripam situm est ubi intervallum inter [[Vosegus|Vosegum montem]] et [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] angustissimum est (18 km). A septentrione [[Argentoratum|Argentorato]] 42km distat, a meridie [[Calmaria|Colmaria]] 21 km, et [[Mulhusia]] 57 km. In regione inundabili ''Grand Ried'' dicta (hoc est 'Magna Harundo') iacet, ita ut olim antequam flumina [[canalis|canalizarentur]]<!--(!)--> saepe a vicinis [[aqua]] circumcluderetur. Qua de causa haec pars Alsatiae ''Langraben'' (Fossa) appellabatur, quia regionem velut in duas partes separatas dividebat. Nunc [[biodiversitas|biodiversitatis]] causa regio humida (''Illwald'') ibi diligenter servatur<ref>[https://www.visit.alsace/222002360-LIllWald-Reserve-Naturelle-Regionale-du-Ried-de-Selestat/ Situs interretialis]</ref>. Prope Selestadium rivus ''Giessen'' in Helellum influit. == Administratio == Selestadadium una e sex subpraefecturis [[Rhenus inferior|Rheni Inferioris]] est, item caput [[Circumdarium|circumdarii]] ''Sélestat-Erstein'' et [[Canto|cantonis]] ''Sélestat'' (29 communia), item ab anno [[1995]] sedes [[communium communitas|communium communitatis]] 12 communia consociantis. == Demographia == Recensio incolarum his duobus ultimis saeculis haec fuitː 1793ː6 907 1800ː7 464 1806ː8 068 1821ː9 070 1831ː9 646 1836ː9 700 1841ː8 634 1846ː9 844 1851ː10 365 1856ː9 950 1861ː10 184 1866ː10 040 1871ː9 307 1875ː9 088 1880ː8 979 1885ː9 172 1890ː9 418 1895ː9 304 1900ː9 336 1905ː9 699 1910ː10 604 1921ː9 943 1926ː10 165 1931ː10 959 1936ː11 363 1946ː10 722 1954ː11 705 1962ː13 818 1968ː14 635 1975ː15 248 1982ː15 112 1990ː15 538 1999ː17 179 2006ː19 459 2011ː19 181 2016ː 19 124 2019ː19 242 2023: 19 589 Ita numerus incolarum a [[Secundum bellum mundanum|secundo bello mundano]] paene duplicatus est. Antea multo tardius crescebat. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Bibliothèque humaniste de Sélestat 21 janvier 2014-86.jpg|thumb|Bibliotheca humanista interior.]] === Medium Aevum === Nummi Romani in loco inventi sunt: fortasse iam tum portus ad flumen [[Ellus|Ellum]] erat. Certe nomen urbis octavo saeculo in litteris primo memoratur. Tum ad Alsatiae ducum rem familiarem pertinebat antequam [[Abbatia|abbatiae]] [[Murbach|Murbacensi]] donaretur. Anno [[775]] [[Carolus Magnus]] [[Dies Natalis Christi|natalicia Domini]] Selestadii celebravit, quod satis magnum vicum et praeclaram ecclesiam indicare videtur. Succedit aetas obscura. Undecimo saeculo exeunte Hildegarda et Fridericus eius filius, e [[Stirps Waiblingensium|domo Staufica]], ecclesiam ibi aedificarunt quam monachis Sanctae Fidei de [[Conques]] mox anno [[1094]] tradiderunt quia eorum abbatiam in [[Peregrinatio Compostellana|itinere ad Compostellam]] admirati erant. Ita ecclesia Selestadiensis [[Prioratus|prioratus]] [[Ordo Sancti Benedicti|Benedictinus]] erat cuius monachi e Francia veniebant. Secunda parte duodecimi saeculi ecclesia multum ampliata est quia benedictini divitias cumularant et Selestadii praecipui domini erant. At simul mercatores et artifices potentiores fiunt et anno 1216 Selestadium [[Urbes imperiales|Urbs Imperialis]] fit quae nemini nisi imperatori submissa sit. Insigne eorum potentiae magnam ecclesiam parochialem Sancto Georgio dicatam aedificare incipiunt quae Benedictinam ecclesiam altitudine et maiestate superet. Anno [[1292]] [[Adolphus Nassovius]] urbi [[Constitutio|constitutionem]] dat, secundum quam magistratus eligant atque [[Commune|commune]] administrent. Paulatim vetera iura Benedictinorum supprimuntur aut redimuntur. Imperiale praesidium longinquum et parum efficax saepe visum est: itaque anno [[1354]] Selestadienses societatem cum novem aliis Urbibus Imperialibus Alsatiae ineunt, [[Decapolis|Decapolim]] dictam<ref>Bernard Vogler, ''La Décapole. Dix villes d'Alsace alliées pour leurs libertés 1354-1679'' (Strasbourg: La Nuée bleue, 2009) [https://journals.openedition.org/alsace/246 Recensio critica].</ref>. Acta societatis Selestadii servabantur, quo saepe coibant urbium legati. [[Saeculum 14|Quarto decimo saeculo]] tempore [[pestis nigra|nigrae pestis]] [[Iudaei]] ex urbe expelluntur. [[Saeculum 15|Quinto decimo saeculo]] ineunte reliqui Benedictini Selestadio abeunt. [[Fasciculus:Humanistenbibliothek in Schlettstadt retouchée.jpg|thumb|Bibliothecae humanistae frons.]] === Tempora moderna === XVo saec. exeunte et XVIo ineunte maxime floruerunt artificum collegia qui filios ad [[Universitas|universitatem]] mittere cupiebant (nonne [[Beatus Rhenanus]] [[Lanius|lanii]] filius fuit?). Quocirca scholam Latinam fovebant quae paedagogia nova utebatur et Ovidium Vergiliumque legendos discipulis proponebant. Multi humanistae in illa schola eruditi sunt<ref>Isabel Suzeau-Gagnaire, "L'École latine de Sélestat et les débuts de l'humanisme rhénan aux XVe et XVIe siècles", ''Annuaire des Amis de la bibliothèque humaniste de Sélestat'', 2018: 59-69.</ref> (Martinus Bucerus, Beatus Rhenanus etc.). Tum velut ''acmê'' urbis fuit. Nam iam ab annis 1520 dissensionibus religiosis et [[Bellum rusticum Germanicum|Bello Rusticorum]] vexata vergere coepit. Multae vicinae urbes ad [[Reformatio|Reformationem]] transierunt ([[Argentoratum]], [[Mulhusia]], [[Basilea]])ː Selestadini vero magistratus antiquam religionem retinuerunt. Septimo decimo saeculo ineunte [[Societas Iesu|Iesuitae]] [[Collegium|collegium]] condunt. [[Bellum triginta annorum|Triginta annorum bello]] urbs a [[Suecia|Sueciis]] capta Francogallis tradita est. Nihilominus etiam postea urbes imperiales Alsatiae fidem erga [[Domus Habsburgensis|Habsburgicum]] imperatorem servaverunt nec Selestadium [[Francia|regno Franciae]] re vera incorporatur antequam anno [[1673]] moenia solo aequarentur. Tum oppidum militare fit quod orientalem regni Franciae limitem tueretur. Praesidium et castra accipit et novis moenibus circumdatur. Quibus freta urbs [[Napoleo I (imperator Francogallorum)|Napoleone]] victo et anno [[1814]] et anno [[1815]] obsidetur sed feliciter hostibus resistit. Nono decimo saeculo [[Industrializatio|industrializatio]] modica fuit nec numerus incolarum multum crevit. Anno [[1870]] magnis damnis acceptis a [[Borussia|Borussicis]] expugnatur et anno [[1871]] [[Imperium Germanicum (1871-1918)|Imperio Germano]] cum cetera Alsatia adnexa est. Anno [[1874]] moenia diruuntur et urbs extra priores limites extendi coepit. [[Foedus Versaliis ictum (1919)|Foedus Versaliis ictum]] ([[1919]]) Selestadium Franciae reddidit. == Visenda == [[Fasciculus:Sélestat, St Georges, chœur.jpg|thumb|[[Chorus (ecclesia)|Chorus ecclesiae]] Sancti Georgii. Ob vastitatem 'cathedralis' vulgo appellatur quamquam numquam [[Episcopus|episcopatus]] sedes fuit.]] *Selestadii illa clara [[Bibliotheca humanistica Selestadiensis]] invenietur quae libros [[Beatus Rhenanus|Beati Rhenani]] et veteris bibliothecae parochialis continet. Hodie Museum est in vetere frumentorum horreo<ref>Laurent Naas, "[https://www.cairn.info/revue-litteratures-classiques-2016-3-page-77.htm Transfigurer les pratiques anciennes de valorisation du patrimoine écrit : la Nouvelle Bibliothèque Humaniste de Sélestat]", ''Littératures classiques'', 2016ː 77-87.</ref>. * Ecclesia [[Ars Romana (medium aevum)|Romanica]] Sanctae Fidei dedicata a monachis ex [[Abbatia|abbatia]] Santa Fide de [[Conques]] venientibus et a [[Stirps Waiblingensium|familia Staufica]] Selestadium accitis duodecimo saeculo aedificata<ref>André Will, ''Alsace Romane'', tertia editio, Zodiaque, 1982ː 229-250 et tabulae photographicae 81-93. [https://www.selestat.fr/les-atouts-de-selestat/un-patrimoine-bati-exceptionnel/eglise-sainte-foy.html Haec ecclesia apud Sélestat.fr]</ref>. *Ecclesia [[Ars Gothica|Gothica]] [[Paroecia|parochialis]] Sancti Georgii per tria saecula inter tertium et quintum decimum saeculum municipii atque in primis artificum [[Corporatio|collegiorum]] sumptibus aedificata<ref>[https://www.selestat.fr/les-atouts-de-selestat/un-patrimoine-bati-exceptionnel/eglise-saint-georges.html Apud Sélestat.fr]</ref> (notabiles sunt picturae [[Vitrum|vitreae]] quinti decimi saeculi<ref>Louis Grodecki, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/bulmo_0007-473x_1969_num_127_1_7096 Les vitraux de Saint-Georges de Sélestat]". ''Bulletin Monumental'', 1969ː 47-48</ref>). * ''La Maison du pain d'Alsace'' (Alsatiae domus panis)ː museum de panis fabricatione ab origine usque ad hodiernum diem. Aula in quam olim [[Pistrina|pistorum]] collegium coibat (Germanice ''Zunft'') ibi conspicua est<ref>[https://maisondupain.alsace/ Situs interretialis]</ref>. *Media civitas mediaevalem aspectum servatː vetera aedificia et quattuor turres (aliquantulum refectae) ex antiquissimis moenibus exstant. Conspicua sunt etiam vestigia moenium septimo decimo saeculo ab illustrissimo militari architecto [[Ludovicus XIV|Ludovici XIV]] [[Sebastianus Le Prestre de Vauban|Vauban]] exstructorum. == Filii civitatis == [[Fasciculus:Ill à Sélestat.JPG|thumb|Helellus per Selestadium fluit.]] * [[Henricus Institor]] hoc loco natus circa annum [[1430]]. * [[Beatus Rhenanus]] hoc loco natus anno [[1485]]. * [[Martinus Bucerus]], reformator * [[Iacobus Wimpfeling]], paedagogus * [[Ioannes Mentelin]], unus e primis typographis nisi, ut voluerunt quidam, verus typographiae inventor == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == [[Fasciculus:Dreiwasser, Sélestat.JPG|thumb|Illwald (Dreiwasser).]] *Paulus Adam, ''L'humanisme à Sélestat: l'école, les humanistes, la bibliothèque'', Alsatia, 1978 ** ''Histoire religieuse de Sélestat'', Société des amis de la Bibliothèque de Sélestat, 1971-5 (tria volumina) *Maxime Werlé et Fabrice Reutenauer, "[https://books.openedition.org/artehis/12802 Sélestat (Bas-Rhin)]" in ''Archéologie des enceintes urbaines'', Divione, 2008ː 287-304. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Rheni Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{communiaCat|Sélestat|Selestadium}} {{Fontes geographici}} [[Categoria:Communia Praefecturae Rheni Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Rheni inferioris]] [[Categoria:Selestadium|!]] 4whafo2ggbxl49v216kkqs978rrl6by Manumissionis Edictum 0 73974 3986187 3806430 2026-09-06T15:56:17Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986187 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Stephens-reading-proclamation-1863.jpeg|thumb|Vir diurnum legit cuius praescriptio est "Presidential Proclamation / Slavery." [[Henricus Ludovicus Stephens]], [[hydrochroma]] (circa 1863).]] '''Manumissionis Edictum''' consistit in duobus [[Iussum executivum (CFA)|iussis executivis]] a praeside [[Abraham Lincoln|Abrahamo Lincoln]] per [[Bellum Civile Americanum]] promulgatis. Primum, die [[22 Septembris]] [[1862]] effectum, [[abolitionismus|libertatem]] declaravit omnium [[servitus|servorum]] in quavis civitate [[Civitates Confoederatae Americae|Civitatum Confoederatarum Americae]] quae in [[Unio (CFA)|Unionis]] dicionem ante diem [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1863]] non rediret. Issum alterum, ipso die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1863]] effectum, decem civitates in quibus decretum esset efficax nominavit. Lincoln haec iussa exsecutiva per potestate "[[Imperator Exercitua Classisque|Imperatoris Exercitus Classisque]]" sub sectione altero Articuli Alteri [[Constitutio Civitatum Foederatarum Americae|Constitutionis Civitatum Foederatarum]] effecit (Crowther 2000: 651). [[Fasciculus:Proclamation.jpg|thumb|left|Prima Manumissionis Edicti lectio: Lincoln et sui congrediuntur.]] Manumissionis Edictum eo tempore reprehensum est quia liberavit solum [[servus|servos]] super quos Unioni non fuit potestas. Quamquam plurimi servi statim non liberati sunt, edictum milia servorum manumisit cum id factum esset efficax in partibus novem civitatum (ex decem, [[Texia]] excepta) ad quas pertinuit.<ref>William C. Harris ([[2001]]), "After the Emancipation Proclamation: Lincoln's Role in the Ending of Slavery," ''North & South'' 5 (1), tabula in pagina 49.</ref> {{NexInt}} [[Fasciculus:Emancipation Proclamation.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Reproductio Manumissionis Edicti apud [[National Underground Railroad Freedom Center]] [[Cincinnatopolis|Cincinnatopoli]].]] [[Fasciculus:TRUMP.JPG|thumb|Lincoln chartam "trump" deponit; pictura ab [[Ioannes Tenniel|Ioanne Tenniel]] facta, saepe iterum edita a prelo "[[Copperheads (politics)|Copperhead]]"; vide cornua.]] [[Fasciculus:EMANCI4.jpg|thumb|Manumissio in iudicio hominum liberorum; pictura in ''[[Harper's Weekly]]'' anni 1865.]] * [[Conloquium Gubernatorum Belli]] * ''[[Juneteenth]]'' ("Quaevisimus Iunius") * [[Historia servitutis in Kentuckia]] * [[Historia servitutis in Missuria]] * [[Lex Remunerationem Servorum Vetans]] (lex anni 1863) * [[Lex Servitutem Abolens]] (lex Parlamenti Britannici) * [[Tempora Motus Iurum Civilium Americanorum Africanorum]] * [[Tertia Decima Constitutionis Civitatum Foederatarum Emendatio]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080525183251/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=103250477 Herman Belz, ''Emancipation and Equal Rights: Politics and Constitutionalism in the Civil War Era'' (1978)] * Crowther, Edward R. [[2000]]. "Emancipation Proclamation." In ''Encyclopedia of the American Civil War.'' Ediderunt David S. Heidler et Jeanne T. Heidler. ISBN 0-393-04758-X. * Ewan, Christopher. [[2005]]. "The Emancipation Proclamation and British Public Opinion." ''The Historian'' 67.<!--Paginae?--> * [[Ioannes Hope Frnaklin|Franklin, John Hope]]. [[1963]]. ''The Emancipation Proclamation.'' [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=10793158. ''The Age of the Clans: The Highlands from Somerled to the Clearances'' apud www.questia.com]{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * Guelzo, Allen C. [[2004]]. ''Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation: The End of Slavery in America.'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060306095858/http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/jala/25.1/guelzo.html Guelzo, Allen C. [[2004]]. "How Abe Lincoln Lost the Black Vote: Lincoln and Emancipation in the African American Mind." ''Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association'' 25 (1).] * Holzer, Harold, Edna Greene Medford, et Frank J. Williams. [[2006]]. ''The Emancipation Proclamation: Three Views.'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080623202333/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=6928200 Jones, Howard. [[1999]]. ''Abraham Lincoln and a New Birth of Freedom: The Union and Slavery in the Diplomacy of the Civil War.''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080927101106/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=105216005 Kachun, Mitch. [[2003]]. ''Festivals of Freedom: Memory and Meaning in African American Emancipation Celebrations, 1808-1915.''] * McPherson, James M. [[2001]]. ''Ordeal by Fire: the Civil War and Reconstruction.'' Ed tertia. * Nevins, Allan. [[1960]]. ''War Becomes Revolution, 1862-1863.'' ''Ordeal of the Union,'' 6. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080604053517/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=37435583 Ripley, C. Peter, Roy E. Finkenbine, Michael F. Hembree, et Donald Yacovone. [[1993]]. ''Witness for Freedom: African American Voices on Race, Slavery, and Emancipation.''] * Siddali, Silvana R. [[2005]]. ''From Property To Person: Slavery And The Confiscation Acts, 1861–1862.'' * Syrett, John. [[2005]]. ''Civil War Confiscation Acts: Failing to Reconstruct the South.'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120525054940/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=105900244 Vorenberg, Michael. [[2001]]. ''Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment.''] ==Nexus externi== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101122161527/http://edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=290 Index scholasticus de Manumissionis Edicto ex EDSITEment NEH] * [http://www.brown.edu/Research/Slavery_Justice/documents/SlaveryAndJustice.pdf Report of the Brown University Steering Committee on Slavery and Justice] * [http://www.blackhistory4schools.com/slavetrade/ Teaching resources de Servitute et Abolitione ex blackhistory4schools.com] * [http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals_iv/sections/emancipation_proclamation.html Textus et imagines Manumissionis Edicti in Archivis Nationalibus] * [http://www.abrahamlincoln200.org/for-kids/lincoln-coloring-book.aspx Online Lincoln Coloring Book for Teachers and Students] * [http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/EmanProc.html Manumissio Edictum et related resources at the Library of Congress] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928051545/http://www.articlemyriad.com/85.htm De rhetorica et Manumissionis Edicto] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080623225840/http://www.mrlincolnandfreedom.org/inside.asp?ID=39&subjectID=3 Dominus Lincoln et Libertas: Manumissionis Edictum] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080807130329/http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1862/october/emancipation-proclamation.htm Manumissionis Edictum], prima editio, ''Harper's Weekly,'' 1862 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071011224131/http://www.history.umd.edu/Freedmen/chronol.htm Chronologia Manumissionis per Bellum Civile] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20030114103859/http://www.anti-slaverysociety.addr.com/hus-emancproc.htm "Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation"] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120418134041/http://www.nysl.nysed.gov/library/features/ep/ Manumissionis Edictum adumbratio apud Bibliothecam Universitatis Civitatis Novi Eboraci] [[Categoria:Documenta Belli Civilis Americani]] [[Categoria:Decreta iurum humanorum]] [[Categoria:Decreta 1863]] [[Categoria:Historia Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Servitus in Civitatibus Foederatis]] ss75vlt9cz7ocjyx8lr517ftzln4ikc Ioannes Buruma 0 82018 3986325 3881098 2026-09-07T10:58:36Z IacobusAmor 1163 Fontibus caret. 3986325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina fontibus carens}} [[Fasciculus:Ian buruma 2006.jpg|thumb|Iaoannes Buruma anno 2006.]] '''Ioannes Buruma''' ([[Haga]]e natus die [[28 Decembris]] [[1951]]) est [[scriptor]] et [[diurnarius]] [[Anglia|Anglo]]-[[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], qui multa de [[Asia]] scribit. Ex anno [[2006]] in [[Urbs Novum Eboracum|Urbe Neoeboracensi]] habitat. [[Praemium Erasmianum]] anno [[2008]] accepit. Alumnus [[Academia Lugduno-Batava|Academiae Lugduno-Batavae]] est, ubi [[litterae Sinarum|litteris Sinarum]] studuit. {{scriptor-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1951||Buruma, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Alumni Academiae Lugduno-Batavae]] [[Categoria:Diurnarii Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Diurnarii Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Nederlandiae]] 0ucel0a8g6fd2v3t8t5mqkvcxhl0jfs Hermannus Muhs 0 88302 3986152 3742831 2026-09-06T12:09:29Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986152 wikitext text/x-wiki {{capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Hermannus''' (''Hermann'') '''Muhs''' (natus [[16 Maii]] [[1894]] [[Berleibisin]]e<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Cunradus de Berleibisin'' (...) 960 ''Iuniun'' (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) ''Johan de June'' (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref>, vico [[Iuniun]]is<ref name="Iunium"/>, (in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e); mortuus [[13 Aprilis]] [[1962]] [[Goettinga]]e) vir publicus [[Germania]]e et sodalis NSDAP fuit. == Iuventus et Munus == Pater eius agricola fuit. Muhs Goettingae gymnasium frequentabat et anno [[1914]] maturitatem adeptus est. [[primum bellum mundanum|primo bello mundano]] miles voluntarius interfuit, primo tormentarius, deinde aeronaves militarias duxit. Anno [[1918]] a [[Francia|Francis]] captivus belli factus non prius quam [[1920]] domum venit. Deinde [[Goettinga]]e, [[Berolinum|Berolini]] atque [[Calininopolis|Regiomontii]] primo oeconomiae, deinde iurisprudentiae studebat. Anno [[1922]] primam probationem accepit, anno proximo doctor promotus est et anno [[1926]] secundam probationem adeptus est. Deinde Berolini assessor iudicii fuit, ab anno [[1927]] causidicus laboravit. Anno [[1932]] notarius factus est. Post [[secundum bellum mundanum]] iterum causidicus Goettingae laboravit. == Cursus honorum == Muhs anno [[1929]] sodalis NSDAP factus est et mox decurio Goettingae et ab anno [[1930]] ad mensem Octobrem [[1933]] legatus senatus terrae [[Borussia]]e fuit. Praeterea vicarius ducis regionis nazistarum [[Bernhardus Rust|Bernhardi Rust]] erat. Anno [[1933]], postquam Nazistae rerum potiti sunt, praeses pagi (Theod. ''Regierungspräsident'') [[Hildesia]]e nominatus est. [[16 Iulii]] [[1935]] Muhs secretarius statalis in novo [[Administer Imperii Rerum Ecclesiarum (Germania)|Administerio Imperii Rerum Ecclesiarum]], cui [[Ioannes Kerrl]] praefuit, factus est. Muhs una cum Kerrl acriter in [[Ecclesia Confitens|Ecclesiam Confitentem]] et contra encyclicam [[Mit brennender Sorge|Cura ardente]] [[Pius XI|Pii XI]] papae consuluit, sed Christiani resistentes non supprimere potuerunt, quamquam multos in carcerem mitti iussit. [[15 Decembris]] [[1941]] Kerrl mortuus est et Muhs eius successor temporarius factus est. Ad finem belli [[1945]] hoc officio fungebatur. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * {{BBKL|m/muhs_h|auctor=Andreas Schulz/Matthias Wolfes|commentatio=MUHS, Hermann|tomus=17|columnae=993-1002}} {{Consilium Ministrorum Hitler}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Muhs, Hermannus}} [[Categoria:Nati 1894]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Goettingensis]] [[Categoria:Alumni universitatum et scholarum Berolinensium]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Regiomontanae]] [[Categoria:Administri Imperii Rerum Ecclesiarum]] [[Categoria:Mortui 1962]] gla7z3g3vh82b6rlig7v44jk35q3906 Machina Turing 0 97221 3986160 3702004 2026-09-06T12:41:52Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3986160 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina fontibus carens}} {{L1}} [[Fasciculus:Maquina.png|thumb|Depictio machinae Turing per artificem.]] '''Machina Turing''' est [[automaton]] theoreticum ab [[Alanus Mathison Turing|Alano Turing]] anno [[1937]] excogitatum, ab ipso primitus logicam computandi machinam nucupatum. Hoc automaton signa per taenium introducta elaborat, exitus (in idem taenium) secundum regulas programmatas ([[logica computatralis|logicam]]) producens. Hodie notio machinae Turing magni momenti habeatur in [[informatica]], quia per talem machinam [[mathematica|mathematici]] possunt imitari logicam cuiusquam [[computatrum|computatri]], et machina est ad officia [[processorium centrale|mediorum processoriorum]] intra computatra explicanda utilis. {{NexInt}} *[[Architectura von Neumann]] *[[Entscheidungsproblem]] *[[Examen Turing]] *[[Machina Darwiniana]] *[[Theoria facultatis calculandi]] [[Categoria:Alanus Mathison Turing]] [[Categoria:Informatica]] [[Categoria:Inventiones Angliae]] bf81d6v73wwcz6tqkhsdd2zdks08fko Musica hiphop 0 101183 3986247 3919626 2026-09-06T21:12:26Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986247 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Kool Herc.jpg|thumb|[[DJ Kool Herc]], generis hiphop [[pater]] late habitus, canit (2006).]] [[Fasciculus:Afrika Bambaataa and DJ Yutaka (2004).jpg|thumb|[[Afrika Bambaataa]] et DJ Yutaka ex [[Universal Zulu Nation]] anno [[2004]].]] {{res|Musica hiphop}}, usitate {{res|plene=Musica hiphop|hiphop}} tantum, est [[genus musicum]], pars [[cultura|subculturae]] [[hiphop]], ab elementis modi definita, sicut [[rap]]patione, [[Phonodiscorum selector|curatione discorum]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Selectio|selectione|en|qid=Q226640}} (aut {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|synthesi sonorum||en|qid=Q7554316}}), {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Scabies (music)|scabie|en|qid=Q1413166}} et ''[[beatboxing]].'' Hiphop in [[Bronx]] Meridiano [[Urbs Novum Eboracum|Urbis Novi Eboraci]] [[decennium 198|decennio 198]] exeunte ortum est. Nomina ''rap'' et ''rappatio'' saepe putantur [[synonymum|synonyma]] ''hiphop,'' sed [[vocabulum]] ''hiphop'' revera omnes totius [[subcultura]]e [[mos|mores]] [[significatio (linguistica)|significat]].<ref>"Hip hop" in ''The Harvard Dictionary of Music'' ([[2003]]). Ex [http://www.credoreference.com/entry/harvdictmusic/hip_hop situ CredoReference,]{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} apud www.credoreference.com.</ref> Rappatio, nonnumquam ''emceeing'' [[Anglice]] appellata, est modus [[vox|vocalis]] quo [[artifex]] melice fatur, [[verbum (grammatica generalis)|verbis]] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|adsonantia||en|qid=Q191092}} numerisque portatis, usitate ad {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|ictus (musica)|ictum|en|qid=Q654693}} [[instrumentum musicum|instrumenti musici]] vel {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|synthesizatrum|synthesizatri|en|qid=Q163829}}. Hi ictus, paene semper [[Tempus (musica)|tempore]] 4/4, cum {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Laqueus (musica)|laqueis|en|qid=Q1758908}} ex aliis [[carmen|carminibus]] sublatis et ab [[Phonodiscorum selector|agasone discorum]] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|selectio|selectis|en|qid=Q226640}}, vel a partibus aliorum carminum a productore mutuis, fieri possunt.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whosampled.com/ |title=A database of sampled music |publisher=WhoSampled |date= |accessdate=2010-01-12}}.</ref> Ictus hodierni synthesizatores, {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Machina tympanistica|machinas tympanisticas|en|qid=Q831698}}, et greges vivos congregant. Rappatores scribere [[memoria]]que tenere, aut [[rap modo libero|verba ex tempore facere]], et eorum opera {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|sine adiunctione||en|qid=Q185298}} aut ad [[adiunctio]]nem perfungi possunt. {{NexInt}} * [[Phonographum]] * {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Saltatio intervallorum||en|qid=Q169737}} == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Grandmaster IngenuityFest.jpg|thumb|[[Grandmaster Flash]] canit.]] * Corvino, Daniel, et Shawn Livernoche. [[2000]]. ''A Brief History of Rhyme and Bass: Growing Up With Hip Hop.'' Tinici Pennsylvaniae: Xlibris Corporation / The Lightning Source, Inc. ISBN 1-4010-2851-9. * George, Nelson, ([[2000]]) [[2005]]. ''Hip-Hop America.'' Novi Eboraci: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-028022-7. * Fricke, Jim, et Charlie Ahearn, eds. [[2002]]. ''Yes Yes Y'All: The Experience Music Project Oral History of Hip Hop's First Decade.'' Novi Eboraci: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-81184-7. * [[Kitwana]], Bakar. [[2004]]. ''The State of Hip-Hop Generation: How Hip-Hop's Culture Movement Is Evolving into Political Power.'' Die 4 Decembris 2006 accessum. * Light, Alan, ed. [[1999]]. ''The VIBE History of Hip-Hop.'' Novi Eboraci: Three Rivers Press. ISBN 0-609-80503-7. * McLeod, Kembrew. [[2002]]. Conloquium cum [[Chuck D]] et [[Hank Shocklee]]. ''Stay Free Magazine.'' * National Museum of African American History and Culture et Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. [[2022]]. ''Smithsonian Anthology of Hip Hop and Rap.'' [[Liber (litterae)|Liber]] et novem [[discus compactus|disci compacti]]. Vasingtoniae: Smithsonian Institution. ISBN 978-1-7341305-0-8. * Olivo, W. [[2001]]. [http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jbp/wll/2001/00000004/00000001/art00004|doi=10.1075/wll.4.1.05oli Phat Lines: Spelling Conventions in Rap Music.] ''Written Language & Literacy'' 4(1): 67–85. * Potter, Russell. [[1995]]. ''Spectacular Vernaculars: Hip-Hop and the Politics of Postmodernism.'' Albaniae Novi Eboraci: [[SUNY Press]]. ISBN 0-7914-2626-2. * Rose, Tricia. [[1994]]. "Black Noise." Middletown Connecticutae: [[Wesleyan University Press]]. ISBN 0-8195-6275-0. * Toop, David. ([[1984]]) [[1991]]. ''Rap Attack II: African Rap To Global Hip Hop.'' Novi Eboraci: Serpent's Tail. ISBN 1-85242-243-2. == Nexus externi == * [http://hiphoparchive.org Archivum]{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} apud hiphoparchive.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100312035734/http://www.hiphoppow.com/concept-hip-hop-songs.html HipHopPow, ''Concepts In Hip Hop Music,''] apud www.hiphophow.com. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150320034026/http://www.jamaicans.com/music/articles_reggae/when-did-reggae-become-ra.shtml D. George, ''When did Reggae become Rap?''] apud www.jamaicans.com. * [http://books.google.com/books?id=DCNC_qGcgkgC&printsec=frontcover&dq= Jeff Chang, ''Can't Stop, Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation,''] apud books.google.com . * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120518205521/http://textfiles.tonytee.nl/magazines/DUB/ DUB, ''The Monitor of Hip Hop Culture in Mainstream Media,''] apud textfiles.tonytee.nl. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20230827104928/https://hipupmusic.com/editorial/top-50-hip-hop-songs-of-2023/ ''Top 50 Hip Hop Songs of 2023''] apud hipupmusic.com. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081014160831/http://worldmusic.nationalgeographic.com/worldmusic/view/page.basic/genre/content.genre/hip_hop_730 National Geographic Hip Hop Overview,] apud worldmusic.nationalgeographic.com. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100612192707/http://city-journal.org/html/17_3_black_america.html "In the Heart of Freedom, In Chains": 2007 ''City Journal'' commentarius de hiphop et Americanis negris,] apud city-journal.org. * [http://articles.latimes.com/1989-04-02/entertainment/ca-1582_1_black-rap Robert Hilburn, ''Rap: Striking Tales of Black Frustration and Pride Shake the Pop Mainstream,''] apud articles.latimes.com. {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Ars}} [[Categoria:Cultura Afroamericana]] [[Categoria:Hiphop| ]] [[Categoria:Musica Civitatum Foederatarum]] c8ribnvsytuyke0qjvy8cw7i45dhg94 Malus 0 103021 3986158 3857169 2026-09-06T12:26:25Z IacobusAmor 1163 Plus quam stipula 3986158 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}}{{L}}{{Taxobox | image = Malus sikkimensis0.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = Poma ''Mali sikkimensis'' | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Rosales]] | familia = [[Rosaceae]] | genus = '''''Malus'''''<br/>[[Philippus Miller|Mill.]] }}{{videdis|Malus (discretiva)}} {{Ires|Mālus}} ([[lingua Latina botanica|nomen]] a [[Philippus Miller|Philippo Miller]] anno [[1754]] constitutum) est [[genus (taxinomia)|genus]] [[arbor]]um [[fructus|fructiferarum]] inter quas reperitur ''[[Malus pumila]],'' [[species]] domesticata, e cuius [[cultivarietas|cultivarietatibus]], ad numerum 7500 vel plurium per [[orbis terrarum|orbem terrarum]] ab [[homo sapiens|hominibus]] excultis, provenit [[malum]] fere omnibus cognitum. [[Fasciculus:95apple.jpeg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Pomum]] ''Mali sieversii.'']] == Index specierum == {{div col|3}} * ''[[Malus angustifolia]]'' (Aiton) Michx. * ''[[Malus baccata]]'' (L.) Borkh. * ''[[Malus baoshanensis]]'' G. T. Deng * ''[[Malus brevipes]]'' (Rehder) Rehder * ''[[Malus coronaria]]'' (L.) Mill. * ''[[Malus daochengensis]]'' C. L. Li * ''[[Malus doumeri]]'' (Bois) A. Chev. * ''[[Malus florentina]]'' (Zuccagni) C. K. Schneid. * ''[[Malus floribunda]]'' Siebold ex Van Houtte * ''[[Malus fusca]]'' (Raf.) C. K. Schneid. * ''[[Malus halliana]]'' Koehne * ''[[Malus honanensis]]'' Rehder * ''[[Malus hupehensis]]'' (Pamp.) Rehder * ''[[Malus ioensis]]'' (Alph. Wood) Britton * ''[[Malus jinxianensis]]'' J. Q. Deng & J. Y. Hong * ''[[Malus kansuensis]]'' (Batalin) C. K. Schneid. * ''[[Malus komarovii]]'' (Sarg.) Rehder * ''[[Malus leiocalyca]]'' S. Z. Huang * ''[[Malus maerkangensis]]'' M. H. Cheng et al. * ''[[Malus mandshurica]]'' (Maxim.) Kom. ex Skvortsov * ''[[Malus melliana]]'' (Hand.-Mazz.) Rehder * ''[[Malus muliensis]]'' T. C. Ku * ''[[Malus ombrophila]]'' Hand.-Mazz. * ''[[Malus orientalis]]'' Uglitzk. * ''[[Malus orthocarpa]]'' Lavallée ex anon. * ''[[Malus prattii]]'' (Hemsl.) C. K. Schneid. * ''[[Malus prunifolia]]'' (Willd.) Borkh. * ''[[Malus pumila]]'' P. Mill. * ''[[Malus sargentii]]'' Rehder * ''[[Malus sieversii]]'' (Ledeb.) M. Roem. * ''[[Malus sikkimensis]]'' (Wenz.) Koehne ex C. K. Schneid. * ''[[Malus spectabilis]]' (Aiton) Borkh. * ''[[Malus sylvestris]]'' (L.) P. Mill. * ''[[Malus toringo]]'' (Siebold) Siebold ex de Vriese * ''[[Malus toringoides]]'' (Rehder) Hughes * ''[[Malus transitoria]]'' (Batalin) C. K. Schneid. * ''[[Malus trilobata]]'' (Poir.) C. K. Schneid. * ''[[Malus tschonoskii]]'' (Maxim.) C. K. Schneid. * ''[[Malus xiaojinensis]]'' M. H. Cheng & N. G. Jiang * ''[[Malus yunnanensis]]'' (Franch.) C. K. Schneid. * ''[[Malus zhaojiaoensis]]'' N. G. Jiang * ''[[Malus zumi]]'' (Matsum.) Rehder {{div col end}} == Bibliographia == * "Apple: ''Malus pumila''" in {{Zohary}}, pp. 171–175. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Malus|''Malum''}} {{Vicispecies|Malus|''Malum''}} {{Fontes biologici}} * "''Wild apples in Kazakhstan''": expeditiones [https://web.archive.org/web/20060819092526/http://www.ars.usda.gov/Aboutus/docs.htm?docid=6310 1995] et [https://web.archive.org/web/20060927193556/http://www.ars.usda.gov/Aboutus/docs.htm?docid=6311 1996] [[Categoria:Genera plantarum]] [[Categoria:Malus| ]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1754]] [[Categoria:Taxa Miller]] kcmk8h4fet6eralyp5ewzy3ebrep16g Domnus Alanus 0 127374 3986172 3446834 2026-09-06T14:02:28Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3986172 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Fleche Domalain.JPG|thumb|200 px|Domni Alani [[campanarium]]]] '''Domnus Alanus'''<ref>Auguste Longnon, "Les noms de lieux de la France, leur origine, leur signification leur transformation", 1920, p. 389, N° 1525. [http://books.google.com.br/books?id=2iLxBp1TgboC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Les+noms+de+lieu+de+la+France:+leur+origine,+leur+signification,+leurs&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ei=3xiOT4aAIMe1gwfaoJGlDg&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Les%20noms%20de%20lieu%20de%20la%20France%3A%20leur%20origine%2C%20leur%20signification%2C%20leurs&f=false] [[Libri Googles]] {{Ling|Francice}}</ref> ([[Francogallice]] ''Domalain'', [[Lingua Gallonica|Gallonice]] ''Domalaen'', [[Lingua Britonica|Britonice]] ''Domalan'') est commune 2055 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Illa et Vicinonia|Illae et Vicinoniae]] in [[Francia]]e occidentalis regione [[Britannia Minor]]e. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Illae et Vicinoniae]] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Domalain|Domnum Alanum}} * [http://www.domalain.fr/ Domni Alani pagina interretialis] {{Ling|Francice}} * {{INSEE commune|35097|de=Domno Alano}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ellae et Vicenoniae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ellae et Vicenoniae]] 2t0m6s0y0gocng7r2zmrvapcdihel6o Maure 0 130717 3986173 3458146 2026-09-06T14:03:55Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3986173 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' Maure ''' est commune 90 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Pyrenaei Atlantici|Pyrenaeorum Atlanticorum]] in [[Francia]]e australis regione [[Aquitania]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Pyrenaei Atlantici]] == Nexus externus == {{CommuniaCat|Maure (Pyrénées-Atlantiques)|Maure}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Pyrenaeorum Atlanticorum]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Pyrenaeorum Atlanticorum]] afcsvje1byqlk5fo1jcd5i08yu4xztb Gonepteryx 0 130975 3986353 3751766 2026-09-07T11:36:23Z IacobusAmor 1163 Plus quam stipula 3986353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Gonepteryx'' | image = (MHNT) Gonepteryx rhamni - Préserville France - male dorsal.jpg | image_width = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | subfamilia = [[Coliadinae]] | tribus = [[Goniopterygini]] | genus = '''''Gonepteryx''''' | genus_authority = Leach, 1819 | subdivision_ranks = [[Species (taxinomia)|Species]] | subdivision = 16 species; vide commentarium. }} '''''Gonepteryx''''' est [[genus (taxinomia)|genus]] [[lepidoptera|papilionum]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], in [[Europa]], [[Asia]], et [[Africa Septentrionalis|Africa Septentrionali]] [[endemismus|endemicorum]]. Anglice appellantur ''brimstones'' '[[sulphur]]a' ob clarum [[ala]]rum plurimarum [[species (taxinomia)|specierum]] [[color]]em [[flavus|flavum]]. ==Species== Genus ex [[sedecim]] speciebus constat<ref>[http://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/gonepteryx/ ''Gonepteryx''], apud situm funet.fi.</ref>: {{div col|2}} * ''[[Gonepteryx acuminata]]'' C. & R. Felder, 1862 * ''[[Gonepteryx amintha]]'' Blanchard, 1871 * ''[[Gonepteryx aspasia]]'' Ménétriès, 1859 * ''[[Gonepteryx burmensis]]'' Tytler 1926 * ''[[Gonepteryx chitralensis]]'' (Moore, 1905) * ''[[Gonepteryx cleobule]]'' (Hübner, 1824) * ''[[Gonepteryx cleopatra]]'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * ''[[Gonepteryx eversi]]'' Rehnelt, 1974 * ''[[Gonepteryx farinosa]]'' (Zeller, 1847) * ''[[Gonepteryx maderensis]]'' Felder, 1862 * ''[[Gonepteryx mahaguru]]'' Gistel, 1857 * ''[[Gonepteryx maxima]]'' Butler, 1885 * ''[[Gonepteryx nepalensis]]'' Doubleday, 1847 * ''[[Gonepteryx palmae]]'' Stamm 1963 * ''[[Gonepteryx rhamni]]'' (Linna,eus, 1758) * ''[[Gonepteryx taiwana]]'' Paravicini 1913 {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Gonepteryx|''Gonepterygem''}} {{Fontes biologici}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110606070505/http://tolweb.org/Gonepteryx/76400 ''Gonepteryx''] apud situm tolweb.org [[Categoria:Coliadinae]] [[Categoria:Genera animalium]] [[Categoria:Gonepteryx| ]] [[Categoria:Taxa Leach]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1819]] hulodiiugoyd5lvux1snbb8scjqxtc0 Gonepteryx aspasia 0 131409 3986349 3140064 2026-09-07T11:32:44Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986349 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Gonepteryx aspasia'' | status = | image = Gonepteryx aspasia.JPG | image_width = 240px | image_caption = ''Gonepteryx aspasia'' | regnum = [[Animalia]]+ | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | tribus = [[Gonepterini]] | genus = ''[[Gonepteryx]]'' | species = '''''G. aspasia''''' | binomial = ''Gonepteryx aspasia'' | binomial_authority = [[Menetries]], [[1859]] | }} '''''Gonepteryx aspasia''''' est [[lepidoptera|papilio]] [[magnitudo|magnitudinis]] mediae [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], in [[India]] [[endemismus|endemicus]]. ==Bibliographia== * Collins, N. M., et M. G. Morris. [[1985]]. ''Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World.'' IUCN. ISBN 2-88032-603-6. * Evans, W. H. [[1932]]. ''The Identification of Indian Butterflies.'' Ed. 2a. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. * Gaonkar, Harish. [[1996]]. Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka): A Biodiversity Assessment of a threatened mountain system. ''Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.'' * Gay,Thomas, Isaac Kehimkar, et J. C. Punetha. [[1992]]. ''Common Butterflies of India.'' Mumbai: WWF-India and Oxford University Press. * Kunte, Krushnamegh. [[2005]]. ''Butterflies of Peninsular India.'' Universities Press. * Wynter-Blyth, M. A. [[1957]]. ''Butterflies of the Indian Region.'' Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. {{NexInt}} *[[Index lepidopterorum Indiae (Pieridae)]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Gonepteryx]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Indiae]] [[Categoria:Taxa Menetries]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1859]] jfzjvjyl21rhiel1gvom7z3y0fj5dew Gonepteryx maderensis 0 131506 3986350 2622782 2026-09-07T11:34:03Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Gonepteryx maderensis'' | image = | status = EN | status_system = IUCN2.3 | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | tribus = [[Gonepterini]] | genus = ''[[Gonepteryx]]'' | species = '''''G. maderensis''''' | binomial = ''Gonepteryx maderensis'' | binomial_authority = Felder, [[1862]] | synonyms = }} '''''Gonepteryx maderensis''''' est [[species]] [[lepidoptera|papilionum]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], in [[Madeira]] [[endemismus|endemica]]. Sua [[habitatio]] [[natura]]lis est [[silva]]e [[zona temperata|temperatae]]. [[Detrimentum habitationis]] ei comminatur. ==Bibliographia== * Van Swaay, C. A. M., et M. S. Warren. [[2000]]. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/39485/all ''Gonepteryx maderensis''] in [http://www.iucnredlist.org Rubro Specierum Periclitatarum Indice 2006,] apud situm iucnredlist.org {{insecta-stipula}} [[Categoria:Gonepteryx]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Portugalliae]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Felder]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1862]] 4oue12fs10y3fgcuq5xcxlgzgq83bby Eurema 0 131508 3986329 2776126 2026-09-07T11:07:15Z IacobusAmor 1163 Plus quam stipula 3986329 wikitext text/x-wiki {{italic title}} {{Taxobox | image = Tridax procum 100228-0132 ipb.jpg | image_caption = ''[[Eurema blanda]]'' | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | subfamilia = [[Coliadinae]] | genus = '''''Eurema''''' | genus_authority = [[Iacobus Hübner|Hübner]], [1819] | type_species = ''[[Eurema daira]]'' | type_species_authority = [[Pieter Cramer|Cramer]], [[1780]] | subdivision_ranks = [[Species (taxinomia)|Species]] | subdivision = Circa [[70]] spp.; ''vide commentarium.'' }} [[Fasciculus:Three-spot Grass Yellow (Eurema blanda) in Talakona forest, AP W IMG 8188.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|''[[Eurema blanda]]'' in [[silva]] [[Talakona]].]] [[Fasciculus:Small Grass Yellow (Eurema brigitta) in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 0313.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|''[[Eurema brigitta]]'' in [[Hyderabad]].]] [[Fasciculus:Common Grass Yellow (Eurema hecabe) mating in Narshapur, AP W IMG 0776.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|''[[Eurema hecabe]]'' in [[Narshapur]] se coniunguntur.]] '''''Eurema''''' (ex [[Graeco]] εὕρημα, 'inventum') est [[genus (taxinomia)|genus]] [[lepidoptera|papilionum]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], cuius [[species]] in [[Asia]], [[Africa]], [[Australia]], [[Oceania]], et [[Mundus Novus|Mundo Novo]] [[habitatio|habitant]]. [[Typus generis]] est ''[[Eurema daira]].'' Numerantur in genere plus quam [[septuaginta]] species, sed plus quam trecenta [[nomen proprium|nomina]] [[synonymum|synonyma]] eis adhibita sunt. Nonnullis speciebus, sicut ''[[Eurema hecuba]],'' sunt plus quam [[octoginta]] [[synonymum|synonyma]]. Generi ipsi sunt plus quam [[quindecim]] synonyma generica.<!--This is the price of being a widespread taxon, as well as a zoogeographical problem.--> ==Species== Ordine [[abecedarium|alphabetico]] intra greges digestae:<ref>[http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/index.html ''Eurema,''] apud situm nic-funet.fi.</ref> {{div col|3}} * ''[[Eurema ada|E. ada]]'' <small>(Distant & Pryer, 1887)</small> * ''[[Eurema alitha|E. alitha]]'' <small>([[Baron Cajetan von Felder|C.& R. Felder]], 1862)</small> * ''[[Eurema andersonii|E. andersonii]]'' <small>(Moore, 1886)</small> * ''[[Eurema beatrix|E. beatrix]]'' <small>([[Lambertus Johannes Toxopeus|Toxopeus]], 1939)</small> * ''[[Eurema blanda|E. blanda]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1836)</small> * ''[[Eurema brigitta|E. brigitta]]'' <small>(Stoll, [1780])</small> * ''[[Eurema candida|E. candida]]'' <small>(Stoll, [1782])</small> * ''[[Eurema celebensis|E. celebensis]]'' <small>Wallace, 1867</small> * ''[[Eurema desjardinsii|E. desjardinsi]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1833)</small> * ?''[[Eurema ecriva|E. ecriva]]'' <small>(Butler, 1873)</small> * ''[[Eurema esakii|E. esakii]]'' <small>Shirôzu, 1953</small> * ''[[Eurema floricola|E. floricola]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1883)</small> * ?''[[Eurema halmaherana|E. halmaherana]]'' <small>Shirôzu & Yata, 1981</small> * ''[[Eurema hapale|E. hapale]]'' <small>(Mabille, 1882)</small> * ''[[Eurema hecabe|E. hecabe]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> * ''[[Eurema herla|E. herla]]'' <small>(Macleay, 1826)</small> * ?''[[Eurema hiurae|E. hiurae]]'' <small>Shirozu & Yata, 1977</small> * ''[[Eurema lacteola|E. lacteola]]'' <small>(Distant, 1886)</small> * ''[[Eurema laeta|E. laeta]]'' <small>(Boisduval, [1836])</small> * ''[[Eurema lombokiana|E. lombokiana]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1897</small> * ''[[Eurema mandarinula|E. mandarinula]]'' <small>(Holland, 1892)</small> * ''[[Eurema mentawiensis|E. mentawiensis]]'' <small>Corbet, 1942</small> * ''[[Eurema novapallida|E. novapallida]]'' <small>Yata, 1992</small> * ''[[Eurema nilgiriensis|E. nilgiriensis]]'' <small>Yata, 1990</small> * ''[[Eurema puella|E. puella]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1832)</small> * ''[[Eurema regularis|E. regularis]]'' <small>(Butler, 1876)</small> * ''[[Eurema sari|E. sari]]'' <small>(Horsfield, [1829])</small> * ''[[Eurema sarilata|E. sarilata]]'' <small>Semper, 1891</small> * ''[[Eurema senegalensis|E. senegalensis]]'' <small>Boisduval, [1836]</small> * ''[[Eurema simulatrix|E. simulatrix]]'' <small>(Semper, 1891)</small> * ''[[Eurema smilax|E. smilax]]'' <small>(Donovan, 1805)</small> * ''[[Eurema tilaha|E. tilaha]]'' <small>(Horsfield, [1829])</small> * ''[[Eurema nicevillei|E. nicevillei]]'' <small>(Butler, 1898)</small> * ''[[Eurema timorensis|E. timorensis]]'' <small>Shirôzu & Yata, 1977</small> * ''[[Eurema tominia|E. tominia]]'' <small>(Vollenhoven, 1865)</small> * ''[[Eurema upembana|E. upembana]]'' <small>(Berger, 1981)</small> * ''[[Eurema zamida|E. zamida]]'' <small>(Fruhstorfer, 1908)</small> Grex specierum: * ''[[Eurema adamsi|E. adamsi]]'' <small>(Lathy, 1898)</small> * ''[[Eurema agave|E. agave]]'' <small>(Cramer, [1775])</small> * ''[[Eurema albula|E. albula]]'' <small>(Cramer, [1776])</small> * ''[[Eurema amelia|E. amelia]]'' (<small>Poey, [1832])</small> * ''[[Eurema arbela|E. arbela]]'' <small>Geyer, [1832]</small> * ''[[Eurema daira|E. daira]]'' <small>(Godart, [1819])</small> ([[typus generis]]) * ''[[Eurema deva|E. deva]]'' <small>(Doubleday, 1847)</small> * ''[[Eurema elathea|E. elathea]]'' <small> (Cramer, [1777])</small> * ''[[Eurema fabiola|E. fabiola]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1861)</small> * ''[[Eurema lirina|E. lirina]]'' <small>(Bates, 1861)</small> * ''[[Eurema lucina|E. lucina]]'' <small>(Poey, [1852])</small> * ''[[Eurema mexicana|E. mexicana]]'' <small>(Boisduval, [1836])</small> * ''[[Eurema nigrocincta|E. nigrocincta]]'' <small>Dognin, 1889</small> * ''[[Eurema paulina|E. paulina]]'' <small>(Bates, 1861)</small> * ''[[Eurema phiale|E. phiale]]'' <small>(Cramer, [1775])</small> * ''[[Eurema reticulata|E. reticulata]]'' <small>(Butler, 1871)</small> * ''[[Eurema saloma|E. salome]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1861)</small> * ''[[Eurema tupuntenem|E. tupuntenem]]'' <small>Lichy, 1976</small> * ''[[Eurema xantochlora|E. xantochlora]]'' <small>(Kollar, 1850)</small> Grex specierum '''abaeis''': * ''[[Eurema nicippe|E. nicippe]]'' <small>(Cramer, [1779])</small> * ''[[Eurema nicippiformia|E. nicippiformis]]'' <small>Munroe, 1947</small> Grex specierum '''pyrisitia''': * ''[[Eurema chamberlaini|E. chamberlaini]]'' <small>Butler, 1897</small> * ''[[Eurema dina|E. dina]]'' <small>(Poey, 1832)</small> * ''[[Eurema euterpiformis|E. euterpiformis]]'' <small>Munroe, 1947</small> * ''[[Eurema leuce|E. leuce]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1836)</small> * ''[[Pyrisitia lisa|E. lisa]]'' <small>(Boisduval & Leconte, 1829)</small> * ''[[Eurema messalina|E. messalina]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1787)</small> * ''[[Eurema nise|E. nise]]'' <small>(Cramer, [1775])</small> * ''[[Eurema portoricensis|E. portoricensis]]'' <small>(Dewitz, 1877)</small> * ''[[Eurema proterpia|E. proterpia]]'' <small>(Fabricius, 1775)</small> * ''[[Eurema pyro|E. pyro]]'' <small>(Godart, 1819)</small> * ''[[Eurema venusta|E. venusta]]'' <small>(Boisduval, 1836)</small> Grex specierum '''teriocolias''': * ''[[Eurema zelia|E. zelia]]'' <small>(Lucas, 1852)</small> {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Eurema|''Euremam''}} {{wikispecies|Eurema|''Euremam''}} *[http://www.pteron-world.com/topics/classfication/pieridae/coliadinae/coliadini/coliadinae1.html#eurema Imagines ''Euremae,''] [[Iaponice]], sed cum [[binomen|binominibus]], apud situm pteron-world.com [[Categoria:Coliadinae]] [[Categoria:Eurema| ]] [[Categoria:Genera insectorum ex hominibus mythologicis appellata|Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Americae Australis]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Americae Septentrionalis]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Hübner]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1819]] jqx3yi0f2yrgvnkncm4z24i4wwbpqns Eurema daira 0 131549 3986340 3716188 2026-09-07T11:17:11Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986340 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema daira'' | image = | image_width = | image_caption = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. daira''''' | binomial = ''Eurema daira'' | binomial_authority = (Godart, [1819])<ref>[http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/index.html ''Eurema,''] apud situm nic.funet.fi.</ref> | synonyms = *''Pieris daira'' <small>Godart, [1819] </small> *''Papilio delia'' <small>Cramer, [1780] </small> *''Eurema demoditas'' <small>Hübner, [1819] </small> *''Xanthidia jucunda'' <small>Boisduval & Leconte, 1829</small> *''Terias lemnia'' <small>C. & R. Felder, 1865</small> *''Terias jucunda'' *''Eurema jucunda'' *''Terias palmira'' <small>Poey, [1852] </small> *''Terias ebriola'' <small>Poey, [1853] </small> *''Terias albina'' <small>Poey, [1853]</small> *''Terias cubana'' <small>Herrich-Schäffer, 1865</small> *''Eurema palmira'' *''Terias solana'' <small>Reakirt, 1866</small> *''Terias persistens'' <small>Butler & Druce, 1872</small> *''Terias sidonia'' <small>R. Felder, 1869</small> *''Terias lydia'' <small>C. & R. Felder, 1861</small> *''Terias rhodia'' <small>C. & R. Felder, 1861</small> *''Terias medutina'' <small>C. & R. Felder, 1861</small> *''Terias phoenicia'' <small> C. & R. Felder, 1865</small> *''Terias lydia'' }} '''''Eurema daira''''' est [[lepidoptera|papilio]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], ab [[Argentina]] [[septentrio]]nali ad [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitates Foederatas]] [[neridies|meridianas]] [[endemismus|endemicus]]. Singulae errantes ad [[Arizona]]m meridianam, [[Dacota Meridionalis|Dacotam Meridianam]], [[Texia]]m meridianam, atque adeo [[Vasingtonia]]m inveni possunt. Ea est [[typus generis]]. [[Latitudo alarum]] est 32–41 mm. Adulti totum per [[annus|annum]] in meridianis earum [[distributio naturalis|distributionis naturalis]] [[regio]]nibus, et ut singuli extrema [[aestas|aestate]] et [[autumnus|autumno]] errantes, [[volatus|volare]] solent. [[Larva]]e [[species|speciebus]] [[Fabaceae|Fabacearum]], inter quas ''[[Stylosanthes biflora]]'' et species ''[[Aeschynomene|Aeschynomenis]],'' vescuntur. Adulti [[nectar]] variorum [[flos|florum]], inter quos ''[[Aeschynomene virginica]]'' et ''[[Scandix pecten-veneris]],'' sorbillant. ==Subspecies== *''Eurema daira daira'' ([[Novum Eboracum]], [[Virginia]], [[Georgia]], [[Florida]], [[Ludoviciana]]) *''Eurema daira palmira'' <small> (Poey, [1852]) </small> ([[Indiae Occidentales]], [[Cuba]], [[Insulae Bahamenses]]) *''Eurema daira eugenia'' <small> (Wallengren, 1860) </small> ([[Mexicum]], [[Panama]], [[Ora Opulenta]], [[Guatemala]]) *''Eurema daira sidonia'' <small> (R. Felder, 1869) </small> ([[Mexicum]]) *''Eurema daira lydia'' <small> (C. & R. Felder, 1861) </small> ([[Venetiola]], [[Columbia]]) *''Eurema daira macheti'' <small>Brévignon, 1996</small> ([[Guiana Francica]]) ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Eurema daira|''Euremam daira''}} {{wikispecies|Eurema daira|''Euremam daira''}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20091028100755/http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species?l=1447 "Butterflies and Moths of North America,"] apud situm butterfliesandmoths.org [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Americae Australis]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Maris Caribici]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Mexici]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Species insectorum ex hominibus mythologicis appellatae|Daira]] [[Categoria:Taxa Godart]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1819]] 99putjuqf6q7y9bsx7hlflwjvra8hsh Eurema desjardinsii 0 131550 3986341 3192951 2026-09-07T11:19:15Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema desjardinsii'' | image = Angled grass yellow (Eurema desjardinsii marshalli).jpg | image_width = | image_caption = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. desjardinsii''''' | binomial = ''Eurema desjardinsii'' | binomial_authority = (Boisduval, 1833)<ref>[http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/index.html ''Eurema,''] apud situm noc.funet.fi.</ref> | synonyms = *''Eurema desjardinsi'' <small>(Boisduval, 1833)</small> *''Xanthidia desjardinsi'' <small>Boisduval, 1833</small> }} '''''Eurema desjardinsii''''' est [[lepidoptera|papilio]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], in [[Africa]] [[endemismus|endemicus]]. [[Latitudo alarum]] est 35–38 mm in [[mas|maribus]] et 37–40 mm in [[femina (sexus)|feminis]]. Adulti totum per annum volare solent, secundum [[pluvia]]s.<ref>S. Woodhall, ''Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa'' (Cape Town: Struik Publishers, 2005).</ref> [[Larva]]e [[planta|plantis]] ''[[Chamaecrista mimosoides|Chamaecrista mimosoide]]'' et utvidetur ''[[Hypericum aethiopicum|Hyperico aethiopico]]'' [[victus|vescuntur]]. ==Subspecies== *''Eurema desjardinsii desjardinsi'' ([[Madagascaria]], [[Insulae Comorenses]]<!--Comoro Islands-->) *''Eurema desjardinsii marshalli'' <small>(Butler, 1898)</small> ([[Kenya]], [[Africa Australis]]) ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Eurema desjardinsii|''Euremam desjardinsii''}} {{wikispecies|Eurema desjardinsii|''Euremam desjardinsii''}} [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Species insectorum ex hominibus appellatae|Desjardins]] [[Categoria:Taxa Boisduval]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1833]] 83ofxe1bcb4498x2b9ms6jwb7nb1nyt Eurema nicippe 0 131552 3986346 2547856 2026-09-07T11:28:01Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema nicippe'' | image =Sleepy_Orange,_Megan_McCarty47.jpg | image2 = Abaeis nicippe1.jpg | status = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | subfamilia = [[Coliadinae]] | tribus = | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. nicippe''''' | binomial = ''Eurema nicippe'' | binomial_authority = ([[Cramer]], [[1779]]) | synonyms = }} [[Fasciculus:Eurema nicippe clustering.jpg|thumb|200px|left|''Eurema nicippe'' humo humide considunt.]] '''''Eurema nicippe''''' est [[lepidoptera|papilio]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], in [[America Septentrionalis|America Septentrionali]] [[endemismus|endemicus]]. [[Latitudo alarum]] est 1 3/8 ad 2 1/4 unciae. ==Habitatio== ''Eurema nicippe'' in [[ager|agris]] vetustioribus, marginibus [[via]]rum [[silva|silvarumque]], [[palus|paludibus]], [[pratum (terrenum)|pratis]] humidibus, silvis apertis, marginibus stagnorum, [[via|viis]] [[aqua]]tilibus, et [[valles|vallibus]] [[habitatio|habitat]]. ==Plantae== Inter [[planta|plantas]] quibus [[larva]]e [[victus|vescuntur]] numerantur: *''[[Chamaecrista fascicalata]]'' *''[[Chamaecrista nictitens]]'' *''[[Senna bebecarpa]]'' *''[[Senna ligustrina]]'' *''[[Senna marilandica]]'' *''[[Senna mexicana]]'' *''[[Senna obtusifolia]]'' ==Species simillimae== *''[[Colias eurytheme]]'' *''[[Eurema proterpia]]'' ==Notae== *Brock, Jim P., et Kenn Kaufman. [[2003]]. ''Butterflies of North America.'' Bostoniae: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-15312-8. *Cech, Rick, et Guy Tudor. [[2005]]. ''Butterflies of the East Coast.'' Princetoniae Novae Caesareae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-09055-6. *Scott, James A. [[1986]]. ''The Butterflies of North America.'' Stanford Californiae: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-2013-4. *Shull, Ernest M. [[1987]]. ''The Butterflies of Indiana.'' Indiana Academy of Science. ISBN 0-253-31292-2. *Wagner, David L. [[2005]]. ''Caterpillars of Eastern North America.'' Princetoniae Novae Caesareae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-12143-5. {{DEFAULTSORT:Eurema Nicippe}} [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Americae Septentrionalis]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Species insectorum ex hominibus mythologicis appellatae|Nicippe]] [[Categoria:Taxa Cramer]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1779]] 32waw12tiatlgv2i1gq0t1s2fo1t2h3 Eurema nilgiriensis 0 131553 3986347 3333376 2026-09-07T11:28:43Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986347 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema nilgiriensis'' | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. nilgiriensis''''' | binomial = ''Eurema nilgiriensis'' | binomial_authority = Yata, 1990 }} '''''Eurema nilgiriensis''''' est parvus [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]] [[lepidoptera|papilio]], in [[India]] [[endemismus|endemicus]]. ==Bibliographia== * Evans, W. H. [[1932]]. ''The Identification of Indian Butterflies.'' Ed. 2a. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. * Gaonkar, Harish. [[1996]]. Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka): A Biodiversity Assessment of a threatened mountain system. ''Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.'' * Gay, Thomas, Isaac Kehimkar, et J. C. Punetha. [[1992]]. ''Common Butterflies of India.'' Mumbai: WWF-India et Oxford University Press. * Kunte, Krushnamegh. [[2005]]. ''Butterflies of Peninsular India.'' Universities Press. * Wynter-Blyth, M.A. [[1957]]. ''Butterflies of the Indian Region.'' Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. {{insecta-stipula}} [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Indiae]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Yata]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1990]] 3tk7ix4wmn2y29v3ednzdvagg8pofz1 Eurema smilax 0 131554 3986348 2460389 2026-09-07T11:30:46Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema smilax'' | status = | image = Eurema smilax smilax.jpg | image_caption = Adumbratio | image_width = 250px | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. smilax''''' | binomial = ''Eurema smilax'' | binomial_authority = (Donovan, [[1805]]) | synonyms = *''Papilio smilax'' <small>Donovan, 1805</small> *''Terias ingana'' <small>Wallace, 1867</small> *''Terias parvula'' <small>Herrich-Schäffer, 1869</small> *''Terias varius'' <small>Miskin, 1889</small> *''Terias casta'' <small>T.P. Lucas, 1892</small> *''Terias smilax'' }} '''''Eurema smilax''''' est parvus [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]] [[lepidoptera|papilio]], in [[Australia]] (et [[Insula Domini Howe]]) et [[Iava]] [[endemismus|endemicus]].<ref>[http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/Eurema_smilax "Australian Faunal Directory"] apud situm environment.gov.au.</ref> [[Latitudo alarum]] est circa 30 mm. Superiores [[ala]]rum superficies sunt [[flavus|flavae]], linea [[niger|nigra]] secundum margines, et perparvo puncto [[niger|nigro]] prope medium. Superficies inferiores sunt flavae, variabilibus notis [[fuscus|fuscis]] signatae.<ref>http://lepidoptera.butterflyhouse.com.au/pier/smilax.html "Australian Insects,"] apud situm lepidoptera.butterflyhouse.com.au.</ref> Speciei sunt formae [[tempus|temporum]] humidi et sicci. [[Larva]]e ''[[Cassia fistula]], [[Cassia nemophila]], [[Neptunia gracilis|Neptuna gracili]], [[Neptunia monosperma]], [[Senna acclinis|Senna acclini]], [[Senna artemisioides|Senna artemisioide petiolari]], [[Senna coriacea]], [[Senna coronilloides|Senna coronilloide]],'' et ''[[Senna guadichaudii]]'' [[victus|vescuntur]]. ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Eurema smilax|''Euremam smilacem''}} *[http://www.publish.csiro.au/pid/3948.htm ''Complete Field Guide to Butterflies of Australia'' a Michael F. Braby anno 2004 scriptus,] apud situm publish.csiro.au [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Australiae]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Donovan]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1805]] 5mmt1c7i375kz35is4dlyrrzdyg0rdl Eurema andersonii 0 131555 3986333 3732680 2026-09-07T11:12:23Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986333 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema andersonii'' | image = Andersonii.JPG | image_size = | image_caption= ''Eurema andersonii'' ex [[Aurea Chersonesus|Paeninsula Malaiana]]. Specimina in [[museum|museo]] | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. andersonii''''' | subspecies = ''Vide commentarium.'' | binomial = ''Eurema andersonii'' | binomial_authority = ([[Frederic Moore|Moore]], 1886) }} '''''Eurema andersonii''''' est parvus [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]] [[lepidoptera|papilio]], in [[India]] et aliis [[Asia]]e [[regio]]nibus [[endemismus|endemicus]]. ==Subspecies== Ordine [[abecedarium|alphabetico]] digestae:<ref>[http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/index.html '"Eurema,''] apud situm nic.funet.fi.</ref> * ''E. andersonii anamba'' (Corbet & Pendlebury) * ''E. andersonii evansi'' (Corbet & Pendlebury) * ''E. andersonii godama'' ([[Hans Fruhstorfer|Fruhstorfer]]) * ''E. andersonii jordani'' (Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932) * ''E. andersonii konoyi'' (Murishita) * ''E. andersonii ormistoni'' (Watkins, 1925) * ''E. andersonii sadanobui'' (Shirǒzu + Yata, 1982) * ''E. andersonii udana'' (Fruhstorfer) {{NexInt}} *[[Pieridae]]<!-- *[[List of butterflies of India]] *[[List of butterflies of India (Pieridae)]]--> ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== * Evans, W. H. [[1932]]. ''The Identification of Indian Butterflies.'' Ed. 2a. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. * Gaonkar, Harish. [[1996]]. Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka): A Biodiversity Assessment of a threatened mountain system. ''Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.'' * Gay, Thomas, Isaac Kehimkar, et J. C. Punetha. [[1992]]. ''Common Butterflies of India.'' Mumbai: WWF-India et Oxford University Press. * Kunte, Krushnamegh. [[2005]]. ''Butterflies of Peninsular India.'' Universities Press. * Wynter-Blyth, M.A. [[1957]]. ''Butterflies of the Indian Region.'' Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Indiae]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Species insectorum ex hominibus appellatae|Anderson]] [[Categoria:Taxa Moore]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1886]] j6y6nn97y76klnuc5b61y84h0p38yk1 3986335 3986333 2026-09-07T11:12:56Z IacobusAmor 1163 3986335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema andersonii'' | image = Andersonii.JPG | image_size = | image_caption= ''Eurema andersonii'' ex [[Aurea Chersonesus|Paeninsula Malaiana]]. Specimina in [[museum|museo]] | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. andersonii''''' | subspecies = ''Vide commentarium.'' | binomial = ''Eurema andersonii'' | binomial_authority = ([[Frederic Moore|Moore]], 1886) }} '''''Eurema andersonii''''' est parvus [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]] [[lepidoptera|papilio]], in [[India]] et aliis [[Asia]]e [[regio]]nibus [[endemismus|endemicus]]. ==Subspecies== Ordine [[abecedarium|alphabetico]] digestae:<ref>[http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/index.html '"Eurema,''] apud situm nic.funet.fi.</ref> * ''E. andersonii anamba'' (Corbet & Pendlebury) * ''E. andersonii evansi'' (Corbet & Pendlebury) * ''E. andersonii godama'' ([[Hans Fruhstorfer|Fruhstorfer]]) * ''E. andersonii jordani'' (Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932) * ''E. andersonii konoyi'' (Murishita) * ''E. andersonii ormistoni'' (Watkins, 1925) * ''E. andersonii sadanobui'' (Shirǒzu + Yata, 1982) * ''E. andersonii udana'' (Fruhstorfer) {{NexInt}} *[[Pieridae]]<!-- *[[List of butterflies of India]] *[[List of butterflies of India (Pieridae)]]--> ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== * Evans, W. H. [[1932]]. ''The Identification of Indian Butterflies.'' Ed. 2a. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. * Gaonkar, Harish. [[1996]]. Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka): A Biodiversity Assessment of a threatened mountain system. ''Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.'' * Gay, Thomas, Isaac Kehimkar, et J. C. Punetha. [[1992]]. ''Common Butterflies of India.'' Mumbai: WWF-India et Oxford University Press. * Kunte, Krushnamegh. [[2005]]. ''Butterflies of Peninsular India.'' Universities Press. * Wynter-Blyth, M.A. [[1957]]. ''Butterflies of the Indian Region.'' Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Indiae]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Species insectorum ex hominibus appellatae|Anderson]] [[Categoria:Taxa Moore]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1886]] dkdmjnnglde2qvsau1ywl8fmb0lbrbp Eurema ada 0 131605 3986332 2460522 2026-09-07T11:11:01Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986332 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = '''''[[Eurema]]''''' | species = '''''E. ada''''' | binomial = ''Eurema ada'' | binomial_authority = (Distant & Pryor), [[1887]] | synonyms = *''Terias ada'' }} '''''Eurema ada,''''' olim ''Terias ada,'' est [[species]] [[lepidoptera|papilionum]] [[genus (taxinomia)|generis]] ''[[Eurema]]e.'' Inventa est in [[Borneum|Borneo]] [[septentrio]]nali et descripta anno [[1871]]. Suae proprietates praecipuae sunt [[color]] [[sulphur]]eus pallescens, non [[albus]], et margines [[ala]]rum qui marginibus aliarum ''Euremarum'' [[niger|nigriores]] latioresque sunt. [[Latitudo alarum]] est 35 mm.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/annalsmagazineof5191887lond#page/271/mode/1up De papilione] apud situm archive.org.</ref> ==Subspecies== Ordine [[abecedarium|alphabetico]] digestae:<ref>[http://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/ ''Eurema''] apud situm funet.fi.</ref> *''Eurema ada choui'' (Gu, 1994) *''Eurema ada indosinica'' (Yata, 1991) *''Eurema ada iona'' (Talbot, 1939) *''Eurema ada prabha'' ([[Hans Fruhstorfer|Fruhstorfer]]) *''Eurema ada toba'' ([[Lionel de Nicéville|de Nicéville]]) *''Eurema ada varga'' (Fruhstorfer) *''Eurema ada yaksha'' (Fruhstorfer) ==Notae== <references/> {{insecta-stipula}} [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Asiae]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Species insectorum ex hominibus appellatae|Ada]] [[Categoria:Taxa Distant]] [[Categoria:Taxa Pryor]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1887]] c6x2dnbshlcn2enqzioal4k631h3uow 3986336 3986332 2026-09-07T11:13:27Z IacobusAmor 1163 Titulus italicus 3986336 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = '''''[[Eurema]]''''' | species = '''''E. ada''''' | binomial = ''Eurema ada'' | binomial_authority = (Distant & Pryor), [[1887]] | synonyms = *''Terias ada'' }} '''''Eurema ada,''''' olim ''Terias ada,'' est [[species]] [[lepidoptera|papilionum]] [[genus (taxinomia)|generis]] ''[[Eurema]]e.'' Inventa est in [[Borneum|Borneo]] [[septentrio]]nali et descripta anno [[1871]]. Suae proprietates praecipuae sunt [[color]] [[sulphur]]eus pallescens, non [[albus]], et margines [[ala]]rum qui marginibus aliarum ''Euremarum'' [[niger|nigriores]] latioresque sunt. [[Latitudo alarum]] est 35 mm.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/annalsmagazineof5191887lond#page/271/mode/1up De papilione] apud situm archive.org.</ref> ==Subspecies== Ordine [[abecedarium|alphabetico]] digestae:<ref>[http://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/ ''Eurema''] apud situm funet.fi.</ref> *''Eurema ada choui'' (Gu, 1994) *''Eurema ada indosinica'' (Yata, 1991) *''Eurema ada iona'' (Talbot, 1939) *''Eurema ada prabha'' ([[Hans Fruhstorfer|Fruhstorfer]]) *''Eurema ada toba'' ([[Lionel de Nicéville|de Nicéville]]) *''Eurema ada varga'' (Fruhstorfer) *''Eurema ada yaksha'' (Fruhstorfer) ==Notae== <references/> {{insecta-stipula}} [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Asiae]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Species insectorum ex hominibus appellatae|Ada]] [[Categoria:Taxa Distant]] [[Categoria:Taxa Pryor]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1887]] e60go5373a508ck5gg5xhw2zn10usa3 Eurema blanda 0 131607 3986338 3149021 2026-09-07T11:14:37Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{italic title}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema blanda'' | image =Three-spot Grass Yellow Eurema blanda I IMG 0772.jpg | image_caption = ''Eurema blanda'' in [[Kolkata]], [[Bengalia Occidentalis]], [[India]]e. | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. blanda''''' | binomial = ''Eurema blanda'' | binomial_authority = [[Ioannes Baptista Boisduval|Boisduval]], [[1836]] }} '''''Eurema blanda''''' est parvus [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]] [[lepidoptera|papilio]], in [[India]] [[endemismus|endemicus]]. [[Larva]]e ''[[Caesalpinia mimosoides|Caesalpinia mimosoide]]'' et ''[[Bauhinia purpurea]]'' vescuntur.<ref>K. Kunte (2006), "Additions to known larval host plants of Indian butterflies," ''J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.'' 103 (1): 119–120.</ref> ==Pinacotheca== <gallery> Fasciculus:Three-spot Grass Yellow (Eurema blanda) in Talakona forest, AP W IMG 8188.jpg|''Eurema blanda'' in [[silva]] [[Talakona]] in [[Districtus Chittoor|Districtu Chittoor]] [[Andhra Pradesh]] [[India]]e. Fasciculus:Three-spot Grass Yellow (Eurema blanda) in Talakona forest, AP W IMG 8186.jpg|''Eurema blanda'' in [[silva]] [[Talakona]] in [[Districtus Chittoor|Districtu Chittoor]] [[Andhra Pradesh]] [[India]]e. Fasciculus:Three-spot Grass yellow (Eurema blanda) at Narendrapur W IMG 4181.jpg|''Eurema blanda'' in [[Narendrapur]] prope [[Kolkata]], [[Bengalia Occidentalis]], [[India]]e. Fasciculus:Three-spot Grass yellow (Eurema blanda) on a Synedrella nodiflora (Cinderella weed) in Kolkata W IMG 3677.jpg|''Eurema blanda'' in ''Synedrella nodiflora'' [[Kolkata]]e, [[Bengalia Occidentalis]], [[India]]e. Fasciculus:Three-spot_Grass_yellow_(Eurema_blanda)_in_Kolkata_Iws_IMG_0319.jpg|''Eurema blanda'' [[Kolkata]]e, [[Bengalia Occidentalis]], [[India]]e. Fasciculus:Three-spot Grass yellow (Eurema blanda) in Kolkata Iws IMG 0318.jpg|''Eurema blanda'' [[Kolkata]]e, [[Bengalia Occidentalis]], [[India]]e. </gallery> {{NexInt}} *[[Pieridae]]<!-- *[[List of butterflies of India]] *[[List of butterflies of India (Pieridae)]]--> ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== * Evans, W. H. [[1932]]. ''The Identification of Indian Butterflies.'' Ed. 2a. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. * Gaonkar, Harish. [[1996]]. Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka): A Biodiversity Assessment of a threatened mountain system. ''Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.'' * Gay, Thomas, Isaac Kehimkar, et J. C. Punetha. [[1992]]. ''Common Butterflies of India.'' Mumbai: WWF-India et Oxford University Press. * Kunte, Krushnamegh. [[2005]]. ''Butterflies of Peninsular India.'' Universities Press. * Wynter-Blyth, M. A. [[1957]]. ''Butterflies of the Indian Region.'' Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. ==Nexus externi== *[http://www.naturemagnified.com/2010/09/life-cycle-of-three-spot-grass-yellow.html "Life cycle of ''Eurema blanda''"] apud situm naturemagnified.com [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Indiae]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Boisduval]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1836]] 2v587winlrk1y4muc7tt1sue6e7sfu4 Eurema laeta 0 131608 3986342 3149118 2026-09-07T11:20:49Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema laeta'' | image = Spotless Grass Yellow PRA01.jpg | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. laeta''''' | binomial = ''Eurema laeta'' | binomial_authority = [[Ioannes Baptista Boisduval|Boisduval]], [[1836]] }} '''''Eurema laeta''''' est parvus [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]] [[lepidoptera|papilio]], in [[India]] [[endemismus|endemicus]]. ==Pinacotheca== <gallery> Fasciculus:Spotless Grass Yellow (Eurema laeta) in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 0540.jpg|''Eurema laeta'' in [[Hyderabad]] [[India]]e Fasciculus:Spotless Grass Yellow (Eurema laeta) in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 0550.jpg|''Eurema laeta'' in [[Hyderabad]] [[India]]e Fasciculus:Spotless Grass Yellow (Eurema laeta) in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 0553.jpg|''Eurema laeta'' in [[Hyderabad]] [[India]]e Fasciculus:Spotless Grass Yellow PRA02.jpg|''Eurema laeta'' in Vikhroli, [[Mumbai]], [[India]]e Fasciculus:Spotless Grass Yellow PRA03.jpg|''Eurema laeta'' in Vikhroli, [[Mumbai]], [[India]]e Fasciculus:Abutilon hirtum with Spotless Grass Yellow (Eurema laeta) in Hyderabad W IMG 5692.jpg|''Eurema laeta'' in ''[[Abutilon hirtum|Abutilone hirto]]'' in [[Hyderabad]] [[India]]e </gallery> {{NexInt}} *[[Pieridae]]<!-- *[[List of butterflies of India]] *[[List of butterflies of India (Pieridae)]]--> ==Notae== * Evans, W. H. [[1932]]. ''The Identification of Indian Butterflies.'' Ed. 2a. Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. * Gaonkar, Harish. [[1996]]. Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka): A Biodiversity Assessment of a threatened mountain system. ''Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society.'' * Gay, Thomas, Isaac Kehimkar, et J. C. Punetha. [[1992]]. ''Common Butterflies of India.'' Mumbai: WWF-India et Oxford University Press. * Kunte, Krushnamegh. [[2005]]. ''Butterflies of Peninsular India.'' Universities Press. * Wynter-Blyth, M. A. [[1957]]. ''Butterflies of the Indian Region.'' Mumbai: Bombay Natural History Society. [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Indiae]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Boisduval]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1836]] s2dr9ygyiy0nnkdyv014v2edbadnpvz Negatio calefactionis globalis 0 135007 3986202 3728020 2026-09-06T16:51:45Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986202 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Negatio calefactionis globalis''' dicitur de conatibus [[Consensus scientificus|consensus scientifici]] de [[Calefactio globalis|calefactionis globalis]] vi, momento, conciliationeque moribus humanis, negandi praetermittendive, praecipue ad fines [[commercium|commerciales]] aut [[ideologia|ideologicos]].<ref name="Routledge">{{cite book|title=Routledge Handbook of Climate Change and Society|url=https://archive.org/details/routledgehandboo0000unse_m1p8|year=2011|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=0415544785|author=Dunlap, Riley E. and McRight, Aaron M.|editor=Constance Lever-Tracy|chapter=Climate Change Denial: Sources, actors, and strategies}}</ref> Sors [[scientia falsa|scientiae falsae]] putatur. ==Notae== <references /> {{stipula}} [[Categoria:Calefactio globalis]] [[Categoria:Scientia falsa]] 9q884u8ajzmvpswr64igz68ksgep65b Eurema lisa 0 136004 3986343 3716189 2026-09-07T11:23:27Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986343 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema lisa'' | image = Eurema lisa.jpg | image_caption = | status = | status_system = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | subfamilia = [[Coliadinae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. lisa''''' | binomial = ''Eurema lisa'' | binomial_authority = [[Ioannes Baptista Boisduval|Boisduval]] & [[Ioannes Laurentius LeConte|LeConte]] (1829) | subdivision_ranks = [[Subspecies]] | subdivision = * ''Eurema lisa euterpe'' <small>([[Eduardus Ménétries|Ménétries]] 1832)</small> * ''Eurema lisa centralis'' <small>([[Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer|Herrich-Schäffer]] 1865)</small> | synonyms = * ''Pyrisitia lisa'' <small>[[Ioannes Baptista Boisduval|Boisduval]] & [[John Lawrence LeConte|LeConte]] 1830)</small> * ''Xanthidia lisa'' <small>([[Ioannes Baptista Boisduval|Boisduval]] & [[John Lawrence LeConte|LeConte]] 1829)</small> }} '''''Eurema lisa''''' est [[lepidoptera|papilio]] [[subfamilia]]e [[Coliadinae|Coliadinarum]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], in [[America Septentrionalis|America Septentrionali]] [[meridies|meridiana]] et [[America Centralis|Media America]] [[endemismus|endemicus]]. [[Latitudo alarum]] est 32–44 mm.<!--not to be confused with the [[Eurema nicippe]] which is large and orange not yellow.--> [[Dorsum|Dorsali]] [[ala]]e anterioris aspectui est margo lata et obscura, et aspectui [[venter|ventrali]] in fundamento<!--basal--> sunt [[duo|duae]] maculae [[niger|nigrae]]. ==Distributio et habitatio== ''Eurema lisa'' ab [[Ora Opulenta]] ad [[septentrio|septentrionales]] per [[meridies|meridianis]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]] regionibus [[habitatio|habitat]], sed [[unus|singuli]] per regiones latiores inveniuntur, usitate [[colonia|colonizationis]] ad [[tempus]] ex meridie causa. Intra earum distributionem videri possent in locis apertis, plerumque in agris desertis. ==Vita== In meridiana eius distributionis parte, sunt usque ad [[quinque]] [[volatus]] per [[annus|annum]], cum in parte [[septentrio]]nali sunt inter [[unus|unum]] et [[tres]]. [[Mas|Mares]] temporibus calidis interdiu [[femina (sexus)|feminas]] venantur ad coniungendum. Feminae [[ovum|ova]] in mediis [[folium|foliorum]] [[planta]]rum hostium<!--host plants--> venis singillatim pariunt. [[Larva]]e ''[[Cassia fasciculata]]'' et ''[[Cassia nicitans|Cassia nicitante]]'' [[victus|vescuntur]]. Adulti [[nectar]] ex speciebus ''[[Aster (genus)|Asteri]]'' vescuntur. ==Notae== *[http://bugguide.net/node/view/3816 De specie] apud situm bugguide.net *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090505071454/http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species?l=1452 De specie] apud situm butterfliesandmoths.org *[http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/index.html#lisa De specie] apud situm funet.fi *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090106060057/http://www.nearctica.com/butter/plate5/Elisa.htm De specie] apud situm nearctica.com {{DEFAULTSORT:Eurema Lisa}} [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Lepidoptera Americae Septentrionalis]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Boisduval]] [[Categoria:Taxa LeConte]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1829]] oxs41kioivvi9hjub81aeyb98zf4pml Eurema messalina 0 136234 3986344 3567424 2026-09-07T11:25:04Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema messalina'' | image = Eurema messalina CF9A2588 (Pyrisitia messalina).jpg | image2 = | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. messalina''''' | binomial = ''Eurema messalina'' | binomial_authority = (Fabricius, 1787)<ref name=funet>[http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/index.html De genere] apud situm funet.fi.</ref> | synonyms = *''Papilio messalina'' <small>Fabricius, 1787</small> *''Pyrisitia messalina'' *''Terias bulaea'' <small>Boisduval, 1836</small> *''Terias gnathene'' <small>Boisduval, [1836]</small> *''Terias iradia'' <small>Poey, [1852]</small> *''Terias blakei'' <small>Maynard, 1891</small> }} '''''Eurema messalina''''' est [[lepidoptera|papilio]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], in [[Indiae Occidentales|Indiis Occidentalibus]] [[endemismus|endemicus]], sed [[unus|singuli]] raro in [[Florida]] invenire possunt. In [[regio]]nibus umbrosis fruticosisque [[habitatio|habitat]].<ref name=bamona>[http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Pyrisitia-messalina De specie] apud situm butterfliesandmoths.org (Butterflies and Moths of North America).</ref> [[Latitudo alarum]] est 26–38 mm. Singuli cuiusque [[sexus]] sunt [[cremeus|cremei]]. Ambabus [[mas|marium]] [[ala|alis]] sunt margines [[niger|nigri]], et [[femina (sexus)|feminis]] sunt apex niger. Maribus etiam est linea [[roseus|rosea]] in inferiori alae anterioris superficie, quae autem post [[mors|mortem]] pallescit. Adulti a [[Maius|Maio]] ad [[Augustus|Augustum]] et iterum [[Februarius|Februario]] [[volatus|volare]] solent. Ei [[nectar]] [[flos|florum]] vescuntur.<ref name=bamona/> [[Larva]]e speciebus ''[[Desmodium|Desmodii]]'' et ''[[Cassia]]e'' [[victus|vescuntur]].<ref name=bamona/> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Eurema messalina|''Euremam messalinam''|nexus=fractus}} {{wikispecies|Eurema messalina|''Euremam messalinam''}} [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Species insectorum ex hominibus appellatae|Messalina]] [[Categoria:Taxa Fabricius]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1787]] 1exvkdm57yygffho7yq2fm9n1n08e2x Eurema nicevillei 0 136235 3986345 3873362 2026-09-07T11:26:07Z IacobusAmor 1163 Categoria:Species animalium 3986345 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Eurema nicevillei'' | image = Eurema_nicevillei_dorsal.jpg | image_caption = Conspectus in [[dorsum]] | image2 = Eurema_nicevillei_ventral.jpg | image2_caption = Conspectus in [[venter|ventrem]] | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Arthropoda]] | classis = [[Insecta]] | ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] | familia = [[Pieridae]] | genus = ''[[Eurema]]'' | species = '''''E. nicevillei''''' | binomial = ''Eurema nicevillei'' | binomial_authority = (Butler, [[1898]])<ref name=funet>[http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/eurema/index.html De genere] apud situm funet.fi.</ref> | synonyms = *''Terias nicevillei'' <small>Butler, 1898</small> *''Eurema tilaha nicevillei'' }} '''''Eurema nicevillei''''' est [[lepidoptera|papilio]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Pieridae|Pieridarum]], in [[Thailandia]], [[Birmania]] meridiana, [[Malaesia Paeninsularis|Malaesia Paeninsulari]], [[Borneum|Borneo]], et [[Sumatra]] [[endemismus|endemicus]].<ref name=tax>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120425064423/http://www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/NHJCU/9-1/1.chariya%203.pdf "A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Eurema Hübner, 1819 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in Thailand,"] apud situm biology.sc.chula.ac.th.</ref> [[Latitudo alarum]] anteriorum est 12–24 [[millimetrum|mm]]. Praecipuus [[superficies|superficiei]] superioris [[color]] est [[flavus]]<!--lemon yellow-->. [[Niger (color)|Niger]] fundamentalis [[ala]]rum anteriorum margo semper est bene evolutus secundum tornum<!--tornus = terminus technicus--> ad fundamentum, margine interiore paene uniforme, venis [[flavus|flavis]] in parte fundamentali. Niger distalis [[ala]]rum posteriorum costalis{{dubsig}}<!--costal (nomen)--> est latus et aliquantulum latior prope tornum. Inferiori alae anterioris superficiei est macula in [[cellula]] discoidali. Alae posteriori est series macularum pallidarum submarginalium in linea curvata ordinatarum ex [[regio]]ne marginis alae [[parallelus|parallelarum]].<ref name=tax/> ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus exerni== {{CommuniaCat|Eurema nicevillei|''Euremam nicevillei''}} {{wikispecies|Eurema nicevillei|''Euremam nicevillei''}} [[Categoria:Eurema]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Species insectorum ex hominibus appellatae|Niceville]] [[Categoria:Taxa Butler]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1891]] rq5gvqa5dhsh8fjr7pa7jqfdkaqg6il Lynx rufus 0 139317 3986210 3979794 2026-09-06T17:03:03Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986210 wikitext text/x-wiki {{latinitas}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Lynx rufus'' | status = LC | trend = down | status_system = iucn3.1 | status_ref =<ref name=iucn>{{IUCN2008 | assessors = M. Kelly, A. Caso, et C. Lopez Gonzalez | year = 2008 | title = Lynx rufus | id = 12521 | downloaded = 22 March 2009}}</ref> | image = Bobcat2.jpg | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Mammalia]] | ordo = [[Carnivora]] | familia = [[Felidae]] | genus = ''[[Lynx]]'' | species = '''''L. rufus''''' | binomial = ''Lynx rufus'' | binomial_authority = ([[Ioannes Christianus Daniel von Schreber|Schreber]], [[1777]]) | synonyms = ''Felis rufus'' <small>Schreber</small> | range_map = BobcatThird.jpg | range_map_caption = [[Area geographica]] ''Lyncis rufi'' }} [[Fasciculus:Bobcat (Lynx rufus) in Buckeye Tree.webm|thumb|''Lynx rufus'' in [[Aesculus (genus)|aesculo]] alta]] '''''Lynx rufus''''' ([[Anglice]] ''bobcat'') est [[mammalia|mammal]]e [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Felidae|Felidarum]], in [[America Septentrionalis|America Septentrionali]] [[endemismus|endemicum]], quod [[aevum geologicum|aevo geologico]] [[Irvingtonianum|Irvingtoniano]] abhinc annorum circa 1.8 milliones apparuit.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130727105824/http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=46528&is_real_user=1 "Paleobiology Database, collection 20397"] ex [[Comitatus Dona Ana|Comitatu Dona Ana]] [[Novum Mexicum|Novi Mexici]]. Res die 30 Aprilis 1994 perscripta, [[Ioannes Alroy|Doctore Ioanne Alroy]] [[Universitas Macquarie|Universitatis Macquarie]] auctore.</ref> [[Species (taxinomia)|Speciei]] sunt [[tredecim]] subspecies agnitae. [[Area geographica]] a [[Canada]] [[meridies|australi]] ad [[Mexicum]] [[septentrio]]nalem patet, maiore [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[continens|continentalium]] parte haud exceptó. ''Lynx rufus'' est [[praedator]] adaptibilis, qui in regionibus [[silva|silvosis]], [[deserta|semidesertis]], marginibus [[urbs|urbium]] et silvarum, et [[palus|paludibus]] [[habitatio|habitat]]. In maiore areae geographicae priscae parte persistit, et numeri sunt stabiles. ''Lynx rufus'' [[pellis|pellem]] ab cana ad adustam, [[facies|vultum]] conspicuis [[vibrissa|vibrissis]]<!--technical term--> praeditum, et [[auris|aures]] cum floccis<!--there's probably a technical term for this too--> [[niger|nigris]] habet, et visu specierum aliarum generis ''[[Lynx|Lyncis]]'' similis est. [[Magnitudo]] modica est minor quam eius magnitudo in ''[[Lynx canadensis|Lyncibus canadensibus]],'' quocum sua area geographica communicat, sed est semel plusquam in ''[[Felis (genus)|Felibus]].'' [[Crus|Crura]] anteriora cum pelle fasciata nigra propria et [[cauda]]m cum caespitulis nigris implenam habet, ex qua nomen Anglicum deducitur. Quamquam ''L. rufus'' venari [[cuniculus|cuniculos]] et [[Lepus|Lepos]] praefert, aliquam praedam ab [[insecta|insectis]] et [[rodentia|rodentiis]] parvis ad [[cervus|cervis]] venatur. Selectio praedae de regione, habitatione, tempore anni, et abundantia dependet. Ut plurimi catti, ''L. rufus'' intra territorium suum plerumque solitario habitat, quamquam aliquantum territoria paulo excedunt. ''L. rufus'' aliquot modis ad territorium signandum utitur, ut unguibus signis faciendis et uriná faeceque deponendo. ''L. rufus'' ab hieme ad ver parit, et circa duas menses gestat. Quamquam homines ''L. rufi'' late venati sunt et ludicer et pro pellis, numeri ''L. ruforum'' sunt resilientes. Praedator fugax ut persona principalis in [[mythistoria Americanorum Nativorum]] et fabulis vulgis colonorum ex Europa apparet. == Taxinomia == Erat disceptatio de classificatione speciei ut ''Lynx rufus'' aut ''Felis rufus''. Haec disceptatio erat pars maioris disceptationis de classificatione quattuor speciei ''Lyncis'' in [[Genus (taxinomia)|genere]] suo ''Lynce'' aut [[Subgenus (taxinomia)|sub genere]] ''[[Felis (genus)|Felis]]''.<ref name=lox>{{cite book | author = Zielinski, William J; Kuceradate, Thomas E | year = 1998 | title = American Marten, Fisher, Lynx, and Wolverine: Survey Methods for Their Detection | publisher = DIANE Publishing | isbn = 0-7881-3628-3 | pages = 77–8}}</ref><ref name=CanLynx>{{cite web | author=Carron Meaney; Gary P. Beauvais | title= Species Assessment for Canada lynx (Lynx Canadensis) in Wyoming | url=http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/wyndd/Species%20Assessments/Canada%20Lynx%20-%20Final%20(Sep%202004).pdf | accessdate=2007-06-25 | year=2004 |month=September | format=PDF | publisher= [[United States Department of the Interior]], Bureau of Land Management| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060517191522/http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/wyndd/Species+Assessments/Canada+Lynx+-+Final+(Sep+2004).pdf| archivedate = May 17, 2006}}</ref> Genus ''Lynx'' nunc accipitur, et animal ut ''Lynx rufus'' in fontibus taxinomicis recentibus enumerat. Johnson et alii scripsit quod ''Lynx'' [[stemma (taxinomia)|stemma taxinomica]]<!-- stemma, -atis (n) branch of pedigree, clade --> cum generis ''[[Puma]]'', ''[[Prionailurus|Prionailuro]]'', et ''[[Felis|Fele]]'' communicat abhinc annorum 7.15 milliones; ''Lynx'' primum deflexit abhinc annorum 3.24 milliones.<ref name=Johnson2006>{{cite journal | author = Johnson, W.E., Eizirik, E., Pecon-Slattery, J., Murphy, W.J., Antunes, A., Teeling, E. & O'Brien, S.J. | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1126/science.1122277 | title = The Late Miocene radiation of modern Felidae: A genetic assessment | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2006-01-06_311_5757/page/73 | journal = [[Science (journal)|Science]] | volume = 311 | pages = 73–77 | pmid = 16400146 | issue = 5757}}</ref> Creditur quod ''L. rufus'' ex ''[[Lynx lynx|L. lynx]]'' evoluit, qui [[Pleistocaenum|Pleistocaeno]] [[Beringia]]m in Americam Septentrionalem transierat, annorum abhinc 2.6 milliones.<ref name=CanLynx/> Primus grex in partem australis Americae Septentrionalis migravit, post quo ob [[glaciarium|moles conglaciatas]] praeciderunt. Hi numeri in ''L. rufum'' circa annorum abhinc 20&nbsp;000 evoluit. Grex secundus ex Asia transiit et in septentrionem migravit, fieri ''L. Canadensem'' recenti.<ref name="lox"/> Hybridizatio inter ''L. rufum'' et ''L. Canadensem'' aliquantum fit (vide [[hybrida felida]]).<ref>{{cite book | author = Mills, L. Scott | month = November | year = 2006 | title = Conservation of Wildlife Populations: Demography, Genetics, and Management | url = https://archive.org/details/conservationofwi0000mill | publisher = Blackwell Publishing | isbn = 1-4051-2146-7 | page = [https://archive.org/details/conservationofwi0000mill/page/48 48]}}</ref> === Subspecies === Speciei sunt tredecim subspecies agnitae: * ''L. rufus rufus'' (Schreber) – [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|C.F.A.]] orientalis et medio-occidentalis. * ''L. rufus gigas'' (Bangs) – [[Novum Eboracum]] septentrionalis ad [[Nova Scotia|Novam Scotiam]] et [[Novum Brunsvicum]]. * ''L. rufus floridanus'' (Rafinesque) – C.F.A. australo-orientalis et intus ad vallum [[Mississippia]]num, usque ad [[Missuria]]m australo-occidentalem et [[Illinoesia]]m australem. * ''L. rufus superiorensis'' (Peterson & Downing) – area [[Laci Magni|Lacuum Magnorum]] occidentalium, cum [[Michigania]] superiore, [[Visconsinia]], [[Ontario]] australi, et maxima parte [[Minnesota]]e. * ''L. rufus baileyi'' (Merriam) – C.F.A. australo-occidentalis et [[Mexicum]] septentrio-occidentalis. * ''L. rufus californicus'' (Mearns) – [[California]] ad occidentem [[Sierra Nevada|Sierrae Nevadae]]{{dubsig}}. * ''L. rufus mohavensis'' (B. Anderson) - [[Desertum Mojave]] in [[California]]. * ''L. rufus escuinipae'' (J. A. Allen) – Mexicum medium, et per litus occidentale ad [[Sonora]]m australem. * ''L. rufus fasciatus'' (Rafinesque) – [[Oregonia]], [[Vasintonia]] ad occidentem [[Cascade Range]], California septentrio-occidentalis, et [[Columbia Britannica]] australo-occidentalis. * ''L. rufus oaxacensis'' (Goodwin) – [[Oaxaca]]. * ''L. rufus pallescens'' (Merriam) – C.F.A. septentrio-occidentalis et [[Columbia Britannica]] australis, [[Alberta]], et [[Saskatchewan]]. * ''L. rufus peninsularis'' (Thomas) – [[California Inferior]]. * ''L. rufus texensis'' (Mearns) – [[Ludoviciana]] occidentalis, [[Texia]], [[Oclahoma]] media australis, et ad meridiem in [[Tamaulipae|Tamaulipas]], [[Nova Legio|Novam Legionem]], et [[Coahuila]]m.<ref name="msw3">{{cite book | title = [http://google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA542 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference] | last = Wozencraft | first = W. Christopher | author-link = | chapter = Order Carnivora (pp. 532-628) | page =542 | edition = 3rd | editor = Wilson, Don E., and Reeder, DeeAnn M., eds | date = 16 November 2005 | publisher = [[Johns Hopkins University Press]], 2 vols. (2142 pp.) | location = Baltimore | isbn= 978-0-8018-8221-0 | oclc= 62265494 | url = http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp | ref = harv }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | author = Wilson, Don E | coauthors = Ruff, Sue | month = September | year = 1999 | title = The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals | url = https://archive.org/details/smithsonianbooko0000unse_i8q5 | publisher = Smithsonian Institution Press | isbn = 1-56098-845-2 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/smithsonianbooko0000unse_i8q5/page/234 234]–5}}</ref> Haec autem divisio subspecierum recusata est ob inopiam finium geographicorum clarorum inter areas et differentias minores inter subspecies.<ref name=Proposal>{{cite web |url=http://www.cites.org/common/cop/13/raw_props/US-Lynx%20rufus.pdf |title= Deletion of Bobcat (Lynx rufus) from Appendix II |accessdate=2007-05-31 |year=2004 |month=October |format=PDF |work=Thirteenth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties, Proposal 5 |publisher= [[Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora]]}}</ref> == Propria physica == [[Fasciculus:Bobcat500.jpg|thumb|left|''L. rufus'' aquam apud [[Tucson]], [[Arizona]]m invenit.]] [[Fasciculus:Bobbie 2010 2.jpg|thumb|left|''L. rufus'' in [[hortus|horto]] anteriori domi apud [[California]]m Australem.]] Visu specierum aliarum generis ''Lyncis'' similis est, sed minima est magnitudo modica ex quattuor generibus. Pellis variat, ab adusto ad fumosum maxime patet, cum corpore striato nigro et cruribus anteriori caudaque fasciata fuscata. Ordinatio maculata agit ut [[dissimulatio]]. Aures sunt acutae cum apices caespitulisque nigris. Labia, mentum, et inferior pars corporis maxime est albida. ''L. rufi'' in desertis australo-occidentalibus pelles candidissimas habent, et illi in silvis septentrionalibus fuscissimas. Catuli bene villose nascuntur et cum maculis.<ref name=cah>{{cite book | author = Cahalane, Victor H | date = 2005-03-01 | title = Meeting the Mammals | publisher = Kessinger Publishing | isbn = 1-4179-9522-X | page = 64}}</ref> Sunt aliquot ''L. rufi'' [[melanismus|melanistici]] observati et capti in [[Florida]]. Visu sunt nigri, sed ordinationem maculatam ostendat.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Ulmer, Jr., Fred A. | year = 1941 | title = Melanism in the Felidae, with Special Reference to the Genus Lynx | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-mammalogy_1941-08-14_22_3/page/285 | journal = Journal of Mammalogy | volume = 22 | issue = 3 | pages = 285–288 | doi = 10.2307/1374954 | jstor=1374954}}</ref> == Nota == <references/> [[Categoria:Taxa Schreber]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1777]] [[Categoria:Felidae]] ak3tgpgaggilxckztesc63quxnpcs6d Mare Rossianum 0 152818 3986190 3759035 2026-09-06T16:18:31Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986190 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|75|S|175|W|region:AQ_type:waterbody_scale:10000000|display=title}} [[Fasciculus:Antarctica Map.png|thumb|350px|Tabula [[Antarctica]]e ([[Anglice]] signata).]] '''Mare Rossianum'''{{FD ref}} est altus [[Oceanus Australis|Oceani Australis]] [[sinus]] [[Antarctica|Antarcticus]], inter [[Terra Victoriae|Terram Victoriae]] et [[Terra Mariae Byrd|Terram Bariae Byrd]] situs. ==Descriptio== Mare Rossianum ab [[Iacobus Clark Ross|Iacobo Ross]] anno [[1841]] inventum est. Ad [[occidens|occidentem]] iacet [[insula Rossiana]], cui est [[mons ignifer]] [[mons Erebus]], ad [[oriens|orientem]] [[Insula Rooseveltiana (Antarctica)|insula Rooseveltiana]], ad septentrionem [[Insula Scottica|insula Scottiana]]. Pars [[meridies|australis]] a [[Pluteus Glaciei Rossianus|pluteo glaciei Rossiano]] tegitur.<ref name="eb">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/510142/Ross-Sea "Ross Sea"] in ''[[Encyclopaedia Britannica]] Online''.</ref> [[Rodoaldus Amundsen]] expeditionem ad [[Polus Australis|polum australem]] anno [[1911]] ex [[Sinus Cetaceorum|sinu Cetaceorum]] coepit, super hunc pluteum sito. Ad occidentem maris Rossiani, [[fretum McMurdoense]] est [[portus]] [[aestas|aestate]] plerumque [[glacies|glacie]] liber. Australissima maris pars est [[litus Gouldianum]], circa ducenta milia a [[Polus Australis|polo australi]] situm. [[Nova Zelandia]] adfirmat omnes [[terrae emersae|terras emersas]] maris Rossiani in [[iurisdictio]]ne [[Dependentia Rossiana|dependentiae Rossianae]] patere, sed paucae [[civitas sui iuris|civitates]] non inter eas [[Consortio Populorum|Consortionis Populorum]] hanc postulationem agnoscunt. ==Oecologia== [[Fasciculus:NOAA Ross sea.jpg|thumb|left|Despectus in Mare Rossianum (1999).]] [[Flora (summatio)|Flora]] et [[fauna]] existimantur similes eorum [[regio]]num australium Antarcticarum. Praesertim [[aestas|aestate]], [[aqua marina]] abundantiam [[plancton|vitae planctonicae]] sustinet, quae vicissim [[victus]] maiorum [[species (taxinomia)|specierum]] fit, sicut [[piscis|pisces]], [[pinnipedia]], [[cetacea]], [[avis|aves]]que maris et [[litus|litoris]]. Litorales maris partes nonnullos feturae locos [[Spheniscidae|Spheniscidarum]] ''[[Pygoscelis adeliae]]'' et ''[[Aptenodytes forsteri|Aptenodytis forsteri]]'' comprehendunt, quae in variis locis circa Mare Rossianum prope litus et in mari aperto observantur.<ref name="eb" /> Maris Rossianum est una ex ultimis [[mare|marium]] partibus in [[tellus|orbe terrarum]] ab [[industria]] humana immotis. Qua pro causa, id paene omnino manet [[pollutio]]ne, [[nimium piscatus]], et introductione [[species invasiva|specierum invasivarum]] liberum. ''[[Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni]]'' decem [[metrum|metra]] longus et ponderis 495 [[chiliogramma]]tum in Mari Rossiano die [[22 Februarii]] [[2007]] captus est. {{NexInt}} *[[Dependentia Rossiana]] *[[Fretum McMurdoense]] *[[Gyrus Rossianus]] *[[Insula Beaufortiana]] *[[Mons glacialis B-15]] *[[Pluteus Glaciei Rossianus]] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia et Nexus externi== *Glausiusz, J. [[2007]]. [http://discovermagazine.com/2007/apr/raw-data-beacon-bird-of-climate-change Raw Data: Beacon Bird of Climate Change,] ''Discover Magazine.'' *Gunn, B. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160117120253/http://www.rosssea.info/geology.html "Geology The Ross Sea Dependency including Victoria-Land,"] www.rosssea.info. *Hansen, K. [[2007]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221028065922/http://www.geotimes.org/mar07/article.html?id=nn_penguins.html "Paleoclimate: Penguin poop adds to climate picture,"] www.geotimes.org. *International Polar Foundation. [[2007]]. [http://www.sciencepoles.org/index.php?s=2&rs=home&uid=1020&lg=en "Interview with Dr. Steven Emslie: The Adélie Penguins' Diet Shift,"] www.sciencepoles.org. *Hogan, C. Michael. [[2011]]. [http://www.eoearth.org/article/Ross_Sea?topic=49523 Ross Sea,] in ''Encyclopedia of Earth,'' edd. P. Saundry et C. F. Cleveland. Vasingtoniae: National Council for Science and the Environment. *Locarnini, R. A. [[1995]]. [http://www-ocean.tamu.edu/Quarterdeck/QD3.1/Locarnini/locarnini.html The Ross Sea,] ''Quarterdeck'' 1(3). Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texiae. *[http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/72356/nth-korean-boats-caught-fishing-in-conservation-area North Korean boats caught fishing in conservation area,] www.radionz.co.nz. {{DEFAULTSORT:Rossianum Mare}} [[Categoria:Maria Antarcticae]] [[Categoria:Maria marginalia Oceani Pacifici]] [[Categoria:Maria Oceani Australis]] {{Myrias|Geographia}} isj8cyf4y9pzrl44mjsgucs7o11itth Bellus cantus 0 157450 3986206 3907399 2026-09-06T16:57:50Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986206 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Rossini-portrait-0.jpg|thumb|[[Ioachimus Rossini]], [[compositor]] aetatis belli cantus. [[Pictura]] [[Vincentius Camuccini|Vincentii Camuccini]] circa [[1815]].]] '''Bellus cantus''' ([[Italice]] ''bel canto'' 'cantus pulcher')<ref>Inter constructiones similes Italianas ad rem pertinentes sunt ''bellezze del canto'' et ''bell’arte del canto.''</ref> est notio plerumque [[opera]]e [[musica]]eque [[musica sacra|sacrae]] adhibita, cui sunt variae significationes multis explanationibus subiectae.<ref name=Stark>{{cite book |title= Bel Canto: A History of Vocal Pedagogy |url= https://archive.org/details/belcantohistoryo0000jame |last= Stark |first= James |year= 2003 |publisher= University of Toronto Press |isbn= 978-0-8020-8614-3}}</ref> Primus [[verbum (grammatica generalis)|verbi]] ''bel canto'' in [[Italia]] [[saeculum 17|saeculo septimo decimo]] exeunte usus incidit cum urbano [[cantus]] exemplari adhiberetur quod se inter amatores musicae operaticae et sacrae ibi evolvebat. Inter compositores belli cantus sunt [[Vincentius Bellini]], [[Caietanus Donizetti]] et [[Ioachimus Rossini]]. Verbum autem in usum latum medio [[saeculum 18|saeculi proximi]] venit, cum [[opera seria]], [[aria de capite]],<!--aria da capo--><!--static but technically challenging--> [[vox]]que [[castratus|castratorum]] erant flores aetatis.<!--heyday--> Bello cantui medio [[saeculum 19|saeculo undevicensimo]] fuit significatio disertior cum <!--what by now had developed into-->vetustius exemplar vocale Italicum a vehementioribus minusque suavibus cantus modis distingui coeperet. Hi novi cantus modi orti erant ob operas crescentes, quae tum erant magnificentissimae, plurimis [[cantor]]ibus contra maiores densioresque adiunctiones<!--accompaniments--> [[orchestra]]les in [[theatrum operaticum|theatris]] maioribus; sed tamen "[[dictionarium|dictionaria]] nec [[musica]] nec generalia [verbum ''bel canto''] usque post [[1900]] definire conata sunt."<ref>Anglice "neither musical nor general dictionaries saw fit to attempt [a] definition [of bel canto] until after 1900" (Duey 1951).</ref> Verbum [[saeculum 21|saeculo vicensimo uno]] incertum ambiguumque manet, atque saepe [[nostalgia|nostalgice]] ad evocandam amissam cantus [[memoria]]m recordatur.<ref>Philip A. Duey, ''Bel Canto in Its Golden Age'' (Da Capo Press, 1951), ISBN 978-1-4067-5437-7.</ref> ==Historia verbi et variae definitiones== Verbum ''bellus cantus'' ut hodie intellegitur ad modum [[vox|vocalem]] spectat qui in Italia ortus est, per plurimum [[Europa]]e per saeculum duodevicensimum obtinebat, et genere minus elaborato sed iam regnanti usque circa [[1840]] moratus est. Inter signa modi belli cantus fuerunt: * productio ligata (Italiane ''legato'') omnem per ambitum (sine suturis) cantoris * usus qualitatis levis in [[ambitus vocalis|ambitibus vocalibus]]<!--vocal registers--> altioribus * ars<!--technique--> agilis et flexibilis, quae ornamenta perornata conficere potest * facultas faciendarum celerum accuratarumque [[divisio (musica)|divisionum]] * [[consonans|consonantes]] aspiratae et [[vibratum]] laxum vitatum<!-- + * a pleasing, well-focused [[timbre]] * a clean attack--> * dictio limpida<!-- + * graceful [[Musical phrasing|phrasing]] rooted in a complete mastery of breath control. Operas and [[oratorio]]s highly conducive to this method of singing were composed by [[George Frideric Handel]] (1685–1759) and his contemporaries during the [[Baroque]] period. They contained da capo [[aria]]s which were designed to provide solo singers with plentiful opportunities to display their technical skill and demonstrate their ability to improvise on the spot by embellishing the written score in a (hopefully) tasteful and illuminating manner. Da capo arias featured extensive and elaborate ornamentation, demanding much from the vocalist in the way of fluent runs, [[trill (music)|trill]]s, [[turn (music)|turn]]s (gruppetti), [[mordent]]s, morendi, [[roulade]]s, [[staccato]] passages, [[appoggiatura]]s, [[acciaccatura]]s, [[marcato]] notes, [[messa di voce]] effects, rapid scales, wide leaps spanning two octaves or more and brilliant [[cadenza]]s. In short: what is commonly referred to by opera-goers as [[coloratura]]. Two famous 18th-century teachers of coloratura vocalism were [[Antonio Bernacchi]] (1685–1756) and [[Nicola Porpora]] (1686–1768), but numerous others existed. A large proportion of these teachers were castrati. Singer/author John Potter declares in his book ''Tenor: History of a Voice'' (Yale University Press, 2009, p.&nbsp;31) that: "For much of the 18th century castrati defined the art of singing; it was the loss of their irrecoverable skills that in time created the myth of ''bel canto'', a way of singing and conceptualizing singing that was entirely different from anything that the world had heard before or would hear again." PLUS IN EN:--> ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==Bibliographia== *Brown, M. Augusta. [[1894]]. "Extracts From Vocal Art." In ''The Congress of Women,'' ed. Mary Kavanaugh Oldham, p. 477. Sicagi: Monarch Book Company4), <!--Available online from the [http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/eagle/congress/brown.html University of Pennsylvania] Digital Library. Accessed April 26, 2007.--> *Coffin, Berton. [[2002]]. ''Sounds of Singing.'' Ed. 2a. Littlefield. *Christiansen, Rupert. [[2002]]. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2002/03/15/bmtenor15.xml "A tenor for the 21st century"], ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' (15 Martii). Accessum [[3 Novembris]] [[2008]]. *[[Matilda Marchesi|Marchesi, Mathilde]]. [[1970]]. ''Bel Canto: A Theoretical and Practical Vocal Method.'' Dover. ISBN 0-486-22315-9. *Osborne, Charles. [[1994]]. ''The Bel Canto Operas of Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini.'' Hal Leonard Corporation. ISBN 0-931340-84-5. *Pleasants, Henry. [[1983]]. ''The Great Singers from the Dawn of Opera to Our Own Time.'' Londinii: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN 0-333-34854-0. *Potter, John. [[2009]]. ''Tenor: History of a Voice.'' Portu Novo et Londinii: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11873-5. *[[Cornelius L. Reid|Reid, Cornelius L.]]. [[1950]]. ''Bel Canto: Principles and Practices.'' Joseph Patelson Music House. ISBN 0-915282-01-1. *Roselli, John. [[1995]]. ''Singers of Italian Opera: The History of a Profession.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-42697-9. *Rosenthal, Harold, et John Warrack, eds. [[1980]]. ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera.'' Ed. 2a. Londinii: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-311321-X. *Rushmore, Robert. [[1971]]. ''The Singing Voice.'' Londinii: Hamish Hamilton. SBN 241019478. *Scalisi, Cecilia. [[2003]]. [http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=543840 "Raúl Giménez, el maestro del bel canto"]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ''La Nación'' (10 Novembris). Accessum [[3 Novembris]] [[2008]]. *Scott, Michael. [[1977]], [[1979]]. ''The Record of Singing.'' Volumina 1 & 2. Londinii: Duckworth. ISBN 0-7156-1030-9 & ISBN 1-55553-163-6. *Somerset-Ward, Richard. [[2004]]. ''Angels and Monsters: Male and Female Sopranos in the Story of Opera.'' Portu Novo et Londinii: Yale University Press. ISBN [tel:03000099681 03000099681].<!--falsus numerus?--> *[http://www.omifacsimiles.com/cats/opera.html Traité complet de chant et de déclamation lyrique] Enrico Delle Sedie (Lutetiae, 1847) [https://web.archive.org/web/20111008012546/http://www.accademia800.org/pagine/archivio/Delle%20Sedie%20estratto/Delle%20Sedie%20index.htm fragment] ==Alii fontes== ===Commentarii=== *Sectio de bello cantu in [http://www.archive.org/stream/singershandbook017818mbp#page/n41/mode/1B up/search/canto ''The Singer's Handbook''] a Lazar S. Samoiloff (1942) *Nigro, Antonella. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120305201950/http://www.cantorisancarlo.it/Observations.pdf "Observations on the Technique of Italian Singing from the 16th Century to the Present Day,"] ex libro ''Celebri Arie Antiche: le piu' note arie del primo Barocco italiano trascritte e realizzate secondo lo stile dell'epoca'' a Claudio Dall'Albero et Marcello Candela scripto. (www.cantorisancarlo.it/Observation1.htm) ===Res digitizatae=== *[http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=(title%3A(bel%20canto)%20OR%20title%3A(belcanto)OR%20title%3A(bel-canto))%20AND%20date%3A%5b1300%20TO%201995%5d%20 ''"Bel Canto"'' Tituli] ex [[Internet Archive|Archivo Interretiali]] (e.g. Giovanni Battista Lamoperti, ''The Technics of Bel Canto'') *Garcia, Manuel, et Beata Garcia, conv. [[1894]]. ''Hints on singing.'' Ed nova ed retractata. Londinii: E. Ascherberg. Downloadable versions at the [[Internet Archive]]: [http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=(singing)%20AND%20creator%3A(Manuel%20Garcia)] *Greene, Harry Plunket. [[1912]]. ''Interpretation in Song.'' Novi Eboraci: The Macmillan Company. Downloadable versions at the [[Internet Archive]]: [http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=Interpretation%20in%20Song] *Lehmann, Lilli, et Richard Aldrich, conv. [[1902]]. ''How to sing.'' Novi Eboraci: Macmillan & Co. Ltd. Downloadable versions at the [[Internet Archive]]: [http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A(Lilli%20Lehmann)] [[Categoria:Terminologia operatica]] [[Categoria:Verba Italiana]] 1y0xzi6iihv2et8mjkswingir055391 L'Orfeo 0 157930 3986198 3978770 2026-09-06T16:38:18Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Claudio_Monteverdi_4.jpg|thumb|[[Claudius Monteverdi]]us. [[Pictura]] [[Bernardus Strozzi|Bernardi Strozzi]] (fortasse annis 1630).]] [[Fasciculus:Frans Pourbus the Younger - Portrait of Vicenzo I. Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Vincentius Gonzaga]], [[Ducatus Mantuanus|Dux Mantuanus]], qui in musica perfuncta Monteverdium [[Mantua]]e conlocavit.]] [[Fasciculus:Mantua2 BMK.jpg|thumb|[[Domus regius|Palatium]] [[Ducatus Mantuanus|ducale]] [[Mantua]]e, ubi ''L'Orfeo'' primum perfunctum est, anno [[1607]].]] [[Fasciculus:Frontispiece of L'Orfeo.jpg|thumb|Tegmen anticum<!--front cover--> [[partitura]]e operae ''L'Orfeo,'' anno [[1609]] prolatae.]] '''''L'Orfeo''''' ([[Stattkus-Verzeichnis|SV]] 318), aliquando '''''L'Orfeo, favola in musica''''' ('Orpheus, [[fabula]] in musica') appellata, est [[melodrama (musica)|opera]] aetatis [[aetas Baroca (musica)|Barocae novae]] a [[Claudius Monteverdi|Claudio Monteverdi]] apud [[libellus|libellum]] [[lingua Italiana|Italianum]] [[Alexander Striggio|Alexandri Striggio]] [[compositio|composita]]. [[Argumentum]], in [[mythologia Graeca|legendo Graeco]] [[Orpheus|Orphei]] conditum, [[fabula]]m [[narratio|enarrat]] Orphei descensus in [[Hades (mythologia)|Hades]], eiusque conatum inutilem ad [[Eurydice]]n [[uxor|novam nuptam]] in mundum vivum ferendam. Opera, pro repraesentatione annua per [[Carnelevarium]] in [[Ducatus Mantuanus|curia ducali]] [[Mantua]]e anno [[1607]] confectum, est unum ex primis [[drama musicum|dramatum musicorum]] iam constanter perfunctis. == Bibliographia == * Beat, Janet E. [[1968]]. "Monteverdi and the Opera Orchestra of his Time." In '' The Monteverdi Companion,'' ed. Denis Arnold et Nigel Fortune. Londinii: Faber and Faber. * {{cite book|authorlink= Tim Carter (musicologist)|Tim Carter|last= Carter|first= Tim|title= Monteverdi's Musical Theatre|url= https://archive.org/details/monteverdismusic0000cart|publisher= Yale University Press|location= Portu Novo Connecticutae|year= [[2002]]|isbn= 0-300-09676-3}}. * {{Cite book | last = Donington | first = Robert | authorlink = Robertus Donington | coauthors = | title = ''"Monteverdi's First Opera" in Arnold, Denis and Fortune, Nigel (eds):'' The Monteverdi Companion | publisher = Faber and Faber | year = [[1968]] | location = Londinii }}. * {{Cite book | last = Fenlon | first = Ian | authorlink =Ioannes Fenlon | title = ''"The Mantuan Orfeo" in Whenham, John (ed.):'' Claudio Monteverdi: Orfeo | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = [[1986]] | location = Cantabrigiae | isbn = 0-521-24148-0}}. * {{Cite book | last = Fenlon | first = Ian | authorlink = Ioannes Fenlon | coauthors = | title = ''"Correspondence relating to the early Mantuan performances" in Whenham, John (ed.):'' Claudio Monteverdi: Orfeo | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = [[1986]] | location = Cantabrigiae | isbn = 0-521-24148-0}}. * {{Cite book | last = Fortune | first = Nigel | authorlink =Nigel Fortune | coauthors = | title = ''"The rediscovery of Orfeo" in Whenham, John (ed.): '' Claudio Monteverdi: Orfeo | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = [[1986]] | location = Cambridge, England | pages = | url = | doi = | isbn = 0-521-24148-0}}. * {{Cite book | last = Fortune | first = Nigel | authorlink = | coauthors = Whenham, John | title = ''"Modern editions and performances" in Whenham, John (ed.): '' Claudio Monteverdi: Orfeo | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1986 | location = Cambridge, England | pages = | url = | doi = | isbn = 0-521-24148-0}}. * {{Cite book | last = Glover | first = Jane | coauthors = | title = ''"Solving the musical problem" in Whenham, John (ed.):'' Claudio Monteverdi: Orfeo | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = [[1986]] | location = Cantabrigiae | isbn = 0-521-24148-0}}. * {{cite book|authorlink= Donaldus Jay Grout|last= Grout|first= Donald Jay|title= A Short History of Opera|publisher= Columbia University Press|location= Novi Eboraci|year= [[1971]]|isbn= 0-231-08978-3}}. * {{cite book|authorlink= Nicolaus Harnoncourt|last= Harnoncourt|first= Nikolaus|title= "Claudio Monteverdi's L'Orfeo: An Introduction" ''(in notis cum TELDEC recording 8.35020 ZA)''|publisher= Teldec Schallplatten GmbH|year= [[1969]]|location= Hamburgi}}. * {{cite book|authorlink= Claudius V. Palisca|last= Palisca|first= Claude V.|title= Baroque Music|publisher= Prentice-Hall|location= Englewood Cliffs, N.J.|year= [[1981]]|isbn= 0-13-055947-4}}. * {{cite book|last= Pirrotta|first= Nino|authorlink=Antonius Pirrotta|title= Music and Culture in Italy from the Middle Ages to the Baroque|url= https://archive.org/details/musiccultureinit0000pirr|publisher= Harvard University Press|location= Cantabrigiae Massachusettae|year= [[1984]]|isbn= 0-674-59108-9}}. * {{cite book|authorlink= Ioannes Redlich|last= Redlich|first= Hans|title= Claudio Monteverdi: Life and Works|url= https://archive.org/details/bwb_W9-CND-782|publisher= Oxford University Press|location= Londinii|year= [[1952]]}}. * {{cite book|authorlink= Marcus Ringer|last= Ringer|first= Mark|title= Opera's First Master: The Musical Dramas of Claudio Monteverdi|url= https://archive.org/details/operasfirstmaste0000ring|publisher= Amadeus Press|location= Newark, N.J.|year= [[2006]]|isbn= 1-57467-110-3}}. * {{cite book|authorlink= Michael F. Robinson|last= Robinson|first= Michael F.|title= Opera before Mozart|url= https://archive.org/details/operabeforemozar0000robi|publisher= Hutchinson & Co|location= Londinii|year= [[1972]]|isbn= 0-09-080421-X}}. * {{Cite book | last = Rolland | first = Romain | authorlink = Romanus Roland | coauthors = Perkins, Wendy (conv.) | title = ''"A review of Vincent d'Indy's performance (Paris 1904)" in Whenham, John (ed.):'' Claudio Monteverdi: Orfeo | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = [[1986]] | location = Cantabrigiae | pages = | url = | doi = | isbn = 0-521-24148-0}}. * {{Cite book | last = Sternfeld | first = F. W. | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = ''"The Orpheus myth and the libretto of Orfeo" in Whenham, John (ed.):'' Claudio Monteverdi: Orfeo | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = [[1986]] | location = Cantabrigiae | pages = | url = | doi = | isbn = 0-521-24148-0}}. * {{cite book|last= Whenham|first= John|authorlink=Ioannes Whenham|title= ''"Five acts, one action" in ''Claudio Monteverdi: Orfeo|publisher= Cambridge University Press|location= Londinii|year= [[1986]]|isbn= 0-521-24148-0}}. ;Bibliographia addita * {{cite book|authorlink =Paulus Fabbri|last= Fabbri|first= Paolo|title= Monteverdi|url =https://archive.org/details/monteverdi0000fabb|publisher= Cambridge University Press|location= Cantabrigiae|year= [[1994]]|isbn= 0-521-35133-2}}. * {{cite book|last= Newby|first= Elizabeth|title= A Portrait of the Artist: The Legends of Orpheus and Their Use in Medieval and Renaissance Aesthetics|url= https://archive.org/details/portraitofartist0000newb|publisher= Garland|location= Novi Eboraci|year= [[1987]]|isbn= 978-0-8240-8431-8}}. * {{cite book|last= Neef|first= Sigrid (ed.)|year= [[2000]]|title= Opera: Composers, Works, Performers ''(editio Anglica)''|publisher= Könemann|location= Coloniae|isbn= 3-8290-3571-3}}. * {{cite book|authorlink= Stanley Sadie|last= Sadie|first= Stanley (ed.)|title= The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Opera|url= https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_n7k2|publisher= Flame Tree Publishing|location= Londinii|year= [[2004]]|isbn= 1-84451-026-3}}. . == Nexus externi == * [http://www.opera-guide.ch/libretto.php?id=226&uilang=de&lang=en ''L'Orfeo'' libellus Anglice conversus,] apud www.opera-guide.ch * [http://cantab.academia.edu/UriGolomb/Papers/356386/Ars_Polemica_Monteverdis_Orfeo_as_artistic_creed "Ars Polemica: Monteverdi’s Orfeo as artistic creed," ab Uri Golomb, ''Goldberg: Early Music Magazine'' 45 (April 2007): 44–57,] apud cantab.academia.edu {{DEFAULTSORT:Orfeo}} [[Categoria:Operae]] [[Categoria:Claudius Monsviridis]] [[Categoria:Operae in mythologia Graeco-Romana conditae]] [[Categoria:Operae pastorales]] [[Categoria:Musica 1607]] c4ko9zxozj2sf4aj2euicmaf78fjxdg Desmondus Tutu 0 162328 3986316 3868526 2026-09-07T05:24:31Z Bartholomite 116968 3986316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Desmondus Tutu}} <ref>Forma Latina praenominis nuncupatur apud librum Anglicum ''[https://www.google.it/books/edition/Oxford_Orations/usAXAQAAIAAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&bsq=desmondum+Tutu&dq=desmondum+Tutu&printsec=frontcover Oxford Orations]'': "REVERENDISSIMVS DESMONDVS TUTU".</ref> vulgo plene ''Desmond Mpilo Tutu'' (natus die [[7 Octobris]] [[1931]]; mortuus [[26 Decembris]] [[2021]]), fuit [[archiepiscopus]] et [[theologus]] [[Communio Anglicana|Anglicanus]] [[Africa Australis|Africae Australis]]. qui [[iura humana|iuribus humanis]] cum notione "[[ubuntu (philosophia)|ubuntu]]" contra segregationem "[[apartheid]]" profuit. [[Praemium Nobelianum Pacis Componendae]] anno [[1984]] et [[Praemium Praesidis pro Libertate]] laudatus est. [[Pacifismus|Pacifismum]] et [[iura humana]] defendit, [[rassismus|rassismum]], [[sexismus|sexismum]], [[homophobia]]m, et [[transphobia]]m reprehendit, victimisque vexationis [[civilitas|civilis]] in [[Palaestina]] et [[Tibetum|Tibeto]] suffragatus est. == Scripta == * ''Crying in the Wilderness'', Eerdmans, 1982. ISBN 978-0-8028-0270-5 * ''Hope and Suffering: Sermons and Speeches'', Skotaville, 1983. ISBN 978-0-620-06776-8 * ''The War Against Children: South Africa's Youngest Victims'', Human Rights First, 1986. ISBN 9780934143004 * ''The Words of Desmond Tutu'', Newmarket, 1989. ISBN 978-1-55704-719-9 * ''The Rainbow People of God: The Making of a Peaceful Revolution'', Doubleday, 1994. ISBN 978-0-385-47546-4 * ''Worshipping Church in Africa'', Duke University Press, 1995. ASIN B000K5WB02 * ''The Essential Desmond Tutu'', David Phillips Publishers, 1997. ISBN 978-0-86486-346-1 * ''No Future Without Forgiveness'', Doubleday, 1999. ISBN 978-0-385-49689-6 * ''An African Prayerbook'', Doubleday, 2000. ISBN 978-0-385-47730-7 * ''God Has a Dream: A Vision of Hope for Our Time'', Doubleday, 2004. ISBN 978-0-385-47784-0 * ''Desmond and the Very Mean Word'', Candlewick, 2012. ISBN 978-0-763-65229-6 * ''The Book of Forgiving: The Fourfold Path for Healing Ourselves and Our World'', HarperOne, 2015. ISBN 978-0062203571 * ''The Book of Joy: Lasting Happiness in a Changing World'', cum [[Dalai Lama XIV]], 2016, ISBN 978-0-67007-016-9 ==Notae== <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Desmond Tutu|Desmondum Tutu}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [http://www.tutu.org Institutum pro Pace Desmond Tutu.] {{Lifetime |1931|2021|Tutu, Desmond}} [[Categoria:Archiepiscopi Civitatis Capitis]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Episcopi Ecclesiae Anglicae]] [[Categoria:Praemium Nobelianum Pacis]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Africae Australis]] my655xl8owdgoygy8viingp1ax2nlys Loge Les Neuf Sœurs 0 165122 3986174 3935516 2026-09-06T14:15:31Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986174 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Neuf Soeurs - Jeton 01.jpeg|thumb|[[Signum]] "Les Neuf Sœurs" (1783).]] '''Loge Les Neuf Sœurs''' ('Lobia ad Novem Sorores'), [[Lutetia]]e anno [[1776]] constituta, fuit praeclara [[lobia Massonica]] [[Francia|Francica]] [[Ordo Massonicus|ordinis Massonici]] qui vocatur [[Magnum Oriens Franciae]], quae subsidium Francicum [[Res Novae Americanae|Rerum Novarum Americanarum]] magnopere adiuvit. Pars Société des Neuf Sœurs, societatis beneficae quae curricula academica considerabat, haec lobia fuit pars [[Academia Scientiarum Francica|Academiae Scientiarum Francicae]] post [[1769]]. Suum nomen [[novem]] [[Musae|Musas]] dixit, [[filia]]s [[Mnemosyne]] ([[Memoria]]e), patronum [[ars|artium]] et [[scientia (ratio)|scientiarum]] post [[antiquitas|antiquitatem]] et diu in Francicis [[cultura]]e circulis inlustris. Lobia eiusdem nominis consiliique ab [[Hieronymus Lalande|Hieronymo Lalande]] anno [[1776]] aperta est. Ab initio [[Res Novae Francicae|Rerum Novarum Francicarum]] anno [[1789]] usque ad [[1792]], Les Neuf Sœurs ''Société Nationale'' (Societas Civitatis) facta est. ==Sodales== * [[Voltarius]] (1694–1778)<ref>Die [[4 Aprilis]] [[1778]] initiatus, a Beniamino Franklino et Antoio Court de Gébelin conductus; mense autem proximo mortuus est.</ref> * [[Beniaminus Franklinius]] (1706–1790) * [[Ioannes Paulus Jones (miles)|Ioannes Paulus Jones]] (1747–1792) * [[Ioannes Nicolas Démeunier]] (1751–1814) * [[Claudius Emanuel de Pastoret]] (1755–1840) * [[Antonius Court de Gébelin]] (1725–1784) * [[Camillus Desmoulins]] (1760–1784) * [[Ludovicus Marcelin de Fontanes]] (1757–1821) * [[Franciscus de Neufchâteau]] (1750–1828) * [[Ioannes Baptista Greuze]] (1725–1805) * [[Ioannes Antonius Houdon]] (1741–1828) * [[Nicolaus Dalayrac]] (1753–1809) * [[Bernardus Germanus Stephanus de Lacépède]] (1756–1825) * [[Adrianus Nicolaus Piédefer, marquis de La Salle]] (1735–1818) * [[Carolus Vernet]] (1758–1835) * [[Ioannes Franciscus Marmontel]] (1723–1799) * [[Petrus Ludovicus Ginguené]] (1748–1815) * [[Iacobus Montgolfier]] (1745–1799) * [[Nicolaus Piccinni]] (1728–1800) * [[Emanuel Iosephus Sieyès]] (1748–1836) * [[Nicolaus Chamfort]] (1741–1794) * [[Iosephus Ignatius Guillotin]] (1738–1794) * [[Dominicus Iosephus Garat]] (1749–1833) * [[Petrus Ioannes Georgius Cabanis]] (1757–1808) * [[Hieronymus Lalande]] (1732–1807) * [[Nicolaus Bricaire de la Dixmerie]] (1731?–1791) * [[Ioannes Michael Moreau le Jeune]] (1741–1814) * [[Alexander Sergeevich Stroganov]] (1733-1811) *[[La Fayette]] (1757–1834) *[[Pascalis Paoli]] (1725–1807) *[[Georgius Forster]] (1754–1794) *[[Augustinus Pajou]] (1730–1809) *[[Iosephus Boulogne]] (1745?–1799) *[[Nicolaus Roze]] (1745–1819) *[[Ioannes Sylvanus Bailly]] (1736–1793) et [[Nicolaus de Condorcet]] (1743–1794) saepe sodales perscribuntur, sed nulla documentatio invenitur. ==Bibliographia== * Amiable, Louis. [[1989]]. ''Une loge maçonnique d'avant 1789, la loge des Neuf Sœurs.'' Lutetiae: Les Editions maçonniques de France. * Hahn, Roger C. [[1955]]. Quelques nouveaux documents sur Jean Silvain Bailly. ''Revue d'histoire des sciences'' 8:338–353. * Hahn, Roger C. [[1971]]. ''The Anatomy of a Scientific Institution: 1666–1803: The Paris Academy of Sciences.'' Berkeleiae: University of California Press. * Ligou, Daniel, ed. [[1987]]. ''Dictionnaire de la franc-maçonnerie.'' Lutetiae: Presses universitaires de France. * Rice, Howard C. Jr. [[1976]]. ''Thomas Jefferson's Paris.'' Princetoniae: Princeton University Press. * Sykes, J. A. C. [[1906]]. ''France in 1802.'' Londinii: William Heinemann. * Valette-Mombrun, De La. [[1914]]. ''Maine de Biran (1766–1824).'' Lutetiae. ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120930022217/http://lesneufsoeurs.net/ Les Neuf Sœurs,] www.lesneufsoeurs.net *[https://web.archive.org/web/20081205034143/http://www.educnet.education.fr/musagora/default.htm Les Muses,] www.educnet.education.fr *[http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/texts/nine.html Les Neuf Sœurs,] freemasonry.bcy.ca *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110517200109/http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/picavet_francois/les_ideologues/ideologues.html Picavet: Les Idéologues,] classiques.uqac.ca *[http://www.freemasonry.bcy.ca/links/masonsites.html Situs masonici,] www.freemasonry.bcy.ca [[Categoria:Constituta 1776]] [[Categoria:Les Neuf Sœurs|!]] [[Categoria:Greges humani enumerati|9]] [[Categoria:Latomismus]] [[Categoria:Societates]] 5omoguae0q3x6uw84k7pqglu3f8vn5g Genus vocis 0 165719 3986197 3734944 2026-09-06T16:37:22Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986197 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Genus vocis''' est singulare genus [[vox|vocis]] [[cantus|cantantis]], cui certa ingenia vel proprietates propriae tribuuntur. '''Classificatio vocis''' est ratio qua voces [[homo|humanae]] aestimantur et ergo in genera vocum digeruntur. Inter has proprietates sunt [[spatium vocale]]<!--v. range-->, [[pondus vocale]], [[textura vocalis]]<!--v. tessitura]]-->, [[timbre]] vocale, et [[loci transitionis vocalis]]<!--v.t. points-->, sicut intervalla<!--breaks--> et elevationes<!--lifts--> intra vocem. Aliae res sunt proprietates physicae, gradus orationis<!--speech level-->, examinatio scientifica, et [[registratio vocalis]].<ref name=Shewan>{{cite journal |last=Shewan |first= Robert |year= [[1979]] |month= Ianuario/Februario |title= Voice Classification: An Examination of Methodology |journal= The NATS Bulletin |volume= 35 |pages= 17–27}}.</ref> [[Scientia (ratio)|Scientia]] classificationis vocalis intra [[musica classica|musicam classicam]] [[Europa]]eam crevit, et aliis generibus canendi plerumque non adhiberi potest. Classificatio vocalis saepe intra [[opera]]m adhibetur ad coniungendas [[persona]]s cum [[cantor]]ibus qui fieri possunt. Hodie sunt in usu nonnulla systema varia, inter quae ''[[Fach]]'' (systema Germanicum), systema [[musica choralis|musicae choralis]], et alia. Nullum systema in universum adhibetur vel accipitur.<ref name=Stark>{{cite book |title= Bel Canto: A History of Vocal Pedagogy |url= https://archive.org/details/belcantohistoryo0000jame |last= Stark |first= James |year= [[2003]] |publisher= University of Toronto Press |isbn= 978-0-8020-8614-3}}.</ref><!--PLUS IN EN:--> {{NexInt}} * [[Bellus cantus]] * [[Cantus]]<!--Singing--> * ''[[Fach]],'' Germana vocum digestarum systematis explicatio * [[Opera]] * [[Pondus vocale]] * [[Puberphonia]] * [[Vox humana]]<!-- * [[Vocal register]] * [[Voice classification in non-classical music]] * [[Vocal range]] * [[Voice organ]]--> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Bibliogaphia == * Cooper, Morton. [[1973]]. ''Modern Techniques of Vocal Rehabilitation.'' Charles C. Thomas. ASIN B000JC1U76. * Large, John. [[1972]]. Towards an Integrated Physiologic-Acoustic Theory of Vocal Registers. ''The NATS Bulletin'' 28(Feb.-Mar.):30–35. == Nexus externi == * [http://www.opera-guide.ch/opern_komponisten.php?uilang=en&first-letter=A Congeries libellorum et libellorum conversorum,] www.opera-guide.ch * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081227054418/http://www.karadar.it/Operas/ Congeries libellorum,] www.karadar.it * [http://opera.stanford.edu/operas.html Congeries libellorum,] opera.stanford.edu * [http://www.aria-database.com/ Databasis ariarum,] www.aria-database.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080904192603/http://hcl.harvard.edu/libraries/loebmusic/collections/digital.html Partiturae in dominio publico,] hcl.harvard.edu * [http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/variations/scores/scores.html Partiturae in dominio publico,] www.dlib.indiana.edu * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120308235900/http://www.giuseppeverdi.it/page.asp?IDCategoria=162&IDSezione=581 Libelli Verdiani,] www.giuseppeverdi.it * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070430163115/http://www.rwagner.net/e-frame.html Libelli Wagneriani Theodisce et Anglice,] www.rwagner.net {{DEFAULTSORT:Genus vocis}} [[Categoria:Cantus]]<!--Singing--> [[Categoria:Terminologia operatica]] [[Categoria:Voces]] ero0tr8m939n516b1myoppge290t5af Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria 0 165725 3986200 3978614 2026-09-06T16:44:49Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986200 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Claudio_Monteverdi_4.jpg|thumb|Claudius Monteverdi.]] '''''Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria''''' ([[Stattkus-Verzeichnis|SV]] 325, ''Reditus Ulixis in patriam'') est [[opera]] in prologo et quinque actibus consistens (deinde ad tres retractata) a [[Claudius Monteverdi|Claudio Monteverdi]] ad [[libellus|libellum]] [[Iacobus Badoaro|Iacobi Badoaro]] composita. Opera primum in [[Teatro Santi Giovanni e Paolo|Theatro Sanctorum Ioannis et Pauli]] [[Venetiae|Venetiis]] tempore [[Carnelevarium|carnelevarii]] [[1639]]–[[1640]] data est. [[Fabula]], quae argumentum ex ultima parte [[Homerus|Homeri]] [[Odyssea]]e trahit,<ref>''Odysseae'' carmina 13-23.</ref> fidelitatem et virtutem compensari perfidiamque et fraudem puniri docet. [[Ulixes]], rex [[Ithaca (insula)|Ithacae]], post iter longum ex [[Bellum Troianum|bello Troiano]] suam [[domus|domum]] ad ultimum attingit, ubi tres proci scelesti regnum ceperunt et [[matrimonium]] a [[Penelope]], regina fideli, flagitant. [[Deus|Deis]], [[Telemachus|Telemacho]] [[filius|filio]], et Eumete firmo amico adiuvantibus, [[Odysseus]] procos vincit et iterum regnat. == Editiones == <!--Since the publication of the Vienna manuscript score in 1922 the opera has been edited frequently, sometimes for specific performances or recordings.-->Hic habes praecipuas huius operis editiones divulgatas, usque ad 2010. * Robert Hass (Vindobonae, 1922 in serie ''[[Denkmäler der Tonkunst in Österreich]]'')<ref>Carter (2000: 5).</ref> * [[Vincentius d'Indy]] (Lutetiae, 1926) * Gian Francesco Malipiero (Vindobonae, 1930, in ''Claudio Monteverdi: Tutte le opere'') * [[Luigi Dallapiccola]] (Mediolani, 1942)<ref name= C9>Carter (2000: 9).</ref> * [[Ernst Krenek]] (Wuppertal, 1959) * Nikolaus Harnoncourt (Vindobonae, 1971) * Raymond Leppard (Londinii, 1972) * Hans Werne Henze (Salisburgi, 1985)<ref name= C9/> * Alan Curtis (Londinii, 2002) == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|authorlink= Denis Arnold|last= Arnold|first= Denis|title= Claudio Monteverdi: Three decades in Venice|url= http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/390820/Claudio-Monteverdi/4981/Three-decades-in-Venice|publisher= Britannica Online|accessdate= 21 Februarii 2010}} * {{cite news|last= Ashby|first= Tim|title= Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria: Kings Theatre, Edinburgh|newspaper= The Guardian|location= London|date= 24 Augusti 2009|url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/culture/2009/aug/24/il-ritorno-ulisse-edinburgh-review|accessdate= 11 Februarii 2010}} * {{cite book|last=Beat|first= Janet E. in (eds)Arnold, Denis and Fortune, Nigel|title= The Monteverdi Companion|publisher= Faber and Faber|location= Londinii|year= [[1968]]}} * {{cite book|last= Carter|first= Tim|title= Monteverdi's Musical Theatre|url= https://archive.org/details/monteverdismusic0000cart|publisher= Yale University Press|location= Portu Novo|year= [[2002]]|isbn= 0-300-09676-3}} * {{cite web|authorlink= Tim Carter (musicologist)|last= Carter|first= Tim|editor-first= Laura (ed.)|editor-last= Macy|title= Monteverdi, Claudio: Venice |url= http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/public/|publisher= [http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/public/ Oxford Music Online] |year= [[2007]]|accessdate= 7 Februarii 2010}} {{subscription}} * {{cite journal|last= Cascelli|first= Antonio|title= Claudio Monteverdi:Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria: ed. Alan Curtis|journal= Music and Letters|year= [[2007]]|volume= 88|number= 2|pages= 395–398|location= Oxford|url= http://ml.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pdf_extract/88/2/395|accessdate= 11 Februarii 2010}} {{subscription}} * {{cite journal|last= Cassaro|first= James P.|title= Claudio Monteverdi: Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria|journal= Notes|publisher= Music Library Association|date= September [[1987]]|pages= 166–67|location= Didacopole|jstor= 941012}} * {{cite web|title= Central Opera Services Bulletin, Spring 1973|url= http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:iujjmE0IPRoJ:www.cpanda.org/pdfs/csob/1503.pdf+Kennedy+Center+opera+1974+Il+ritorno&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=uk&client=firefox-a|publisher= Central Opera Services|accessdate= 10 Februarii 2010}} * {{cite web|last= Chew|first= Geoffrey|editor-first= Laura (ed.)|editor-last= Macy|title= Monteverdi, Claudio: Works from the Venetian years|url= http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/public/|publisher= Oxford Music Online |year= [[200]]7|accessdate= 21 Februarii 2010}} {{subscription}} * {{cite news|title= Classical Music and Dance Guide|url= http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/02/movies/classical-music-and-dance-guide.html?pagewanted=all|newspaper= The New York Times|date= 2 Novembris [[2001]]|accessdate= 10 Februarii 2010}} * {{cite web|title= Concert programmes: Cyril Eland collection|url= http://www.concertprogrammes.org.uk/html/search/verb/GetRecord/4502|publisher= Arts and Humanities Research Council|accessdate= 12 Februarii 2010}} * {{cite book|last= Dunn|first= Geoffrey (translator)|title= Il ritorno d'Ulisse in Patria: Italian and English libretto|publisher= Faber Music Ltd|location= Londinii|year= [[1972]]}} * {{cite news|last= Forbes|first= Elizabeth|title= Werner Hollweg (obituary)|newspaper= The Independent|location= Londinii|url= http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/werner-hollweg-430834.html|date= 5 Ianuarii 2007|accessdate= 10 Februarii 2007}} * {{cite web|title= Glyndebourne firsts|url= http://www.glyndebourne.com/archive/history/glyndebourne_firsts/|publisher = Glyndebourne Opera|accessdate= 10 Februarii 2010}} * {{cite web|title= Gramophone Archive|publisher= The Gramophone|url= http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/October%201957/22|accessdate= 18 Februarii 2010}} (registration required) * {{cite news|last= Gurewitsch|first= Matthew|title= Music: Into the Heart of Darkness, with Puppets|url= http://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/29/arts/music-into-the-heart-of-darkness-with-puppets.html?pagewanted=1newspaper= The New York Times|date= 29 Februarii [[2004]]|accessdate= 11 Februarii 2010}} * {{cite web|title= Il ritorno d'Ulisse in Patria|url=http://2009.eif.co.uk/handspring|publisher= Edinburgh International Festival|accessdate= 11 Februarii 2010}} * {{cite journal|last= Johnson|first= David|title= For the Record|jstor= 25116167|journal= The North American Review|publisher= University of Northern Iowa|date= May [[1965]]|pages= pp. 63–64}} * {{cite book|authorlink= Michael Kennedy (music critic)|Michael Kennedy|last= Kennedy|first= Michael|title= Oxford Dictionary of Music|url= https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary0000kenn_w6e0|publisher= Oxford University Press|location= Oxoniae|year= [[2006]]|isbn= 0-19-861459-4}} * {{cite book|last= March|first= Ivan (ed.)|title= The Penguin Guide to Opera on Compact Disc|url= https://archive.org/details/penguinguidetoop00gree|publisher= Penguin Books|year= [[1993]]|location= Londinii|isbn= 0-14-046957-5}} {{subscription}} * {{cite book|last= Neef|first= Sigrid (ed.)|year= [[2000]]|title= Opera: Composers, Works, Performers (English edition)|publisher= Könemann|location= Coloniae|isbn= 3-8290-3571-3}} * {{cite web|title= Performances|url= http://www.dc-opera.org/aboutwno/company/previousseasons.asp|publisher= Washington National Opera|accessdate= 10 Februarii 2010}} * {{cite book|authorlink= Mark Ringer|last= Ringer|first= Mark|title= Opera's First Master: The Musical Dramas of Claudio Monteverdi|url= https://archive.org/details/operasfirstmaste0000ring|publisher= Amadeus Press|location= Newark Novae Caesareae|year= [[2006]]|isbn= 1-57467-110-3}} * {{cite book|last= Robinson|first= Michael F.|title= Opera before Mozart|url= https://archive.org/details/operabeforemozar0000robi|publisher= Hutchinson & Co.|location= London|year= [[1972]]|isbn= 0-09-080421-X}} * {{Cite book|last= Rosand|first= Ellen|url= http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=OIldosPbzukC&pg=PA37&lpg=PA37&dq=Accademia+degli+Incogniti+Venice#v=onepage&q=Accademia%20degli%20Incogniti%20Venice&f=false|title= Opera in Seventeenth-Century Venice: the Creation of a Genre|publisher= University of California Press|location= Berkeleiae|year= [[1991]]|accessdate= 13 Novembris [[2009]]|isbn= 0-520-25426-0}} * {{cite book|last= Rosand|first= Ellen|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4nAImAfyxvYC&pg=PA65&lpg=PA65&dq=Udine+Monteverdi+manuscript#v=onepage&q=Udine%20Monteverdi%20manuscript&f=false|title= Monteverdi's Last Operas: a Venetian trilogy|publisher= University of California Press|location= Angelopoli|year= [[2007]]|isbn= 0-520-24934-8}} * {{cite web|last= Rosand|first= Ellen|editor-first= Laura (ed.)|editor-last= Macy|title= Ritorno d'Ulisse in patria|url= http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/public/|publisher= Oxford Music Online |year= [[2007]]|accessdate= 7 Februarii 2010}} [Situs venalis] * {{cite journal|last= Rosand|first= Ellen|title= Monteverdi's Il ritorno d'Ulisse and the power of "music"|jstor= 823638|journal= Cambridge Opera Journal|publisher= Cambridge University Press|location= Cambridge|volume= 7|number= 3|year= [[1995]]|pages= pp. 179–84}} * {{cite video|people= Rosand, Ellen and Vartolo, Sergio|title= Preface to recording: Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria: Monteverdi's Five-Act Drama |medium= CD|publisher = Brilliant Classics 93104|location= Leeuwarden (Netherlands)|date= [[2005]]}} * {{cite news|authorlink= Stanley Sadie|last= Sadie|first= Stanley|title= Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria: Review|newspaper= The Times|date= 4 Septembris [[1978]]|page= 9|location= Londinii}} * {{cite book|last= Sadie|first= Stanley (ed.)|title= The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Opera|url= https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_n7k2|publisher= Flame Tree Publishing|location= London|year= [[2004]]|isbn= 1-84451-026-3}} * {{cite web|last= Walker|first= Thomas|editor-first= Laura (ed.)|editor-last= Macy|title= Badoaro, Giacomo|url= http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/public/|publisher= [[Oxford Music Online]]|accessdate = 7 Ianuarii 2010}} {{subscription}} == Nexus externus == * [http://www.kareol.es/obras/ilretornodeulisesinpatria/acto1.htm Libellus,] www.kareol.es (cum libello Hispanice converso) {{DEFAULTSORT:Ritorno D'ulisse In Patria}} [[Categoria:Claudius Monsviridis]] [[Categoria:Musica 1639]] [[Categoria:Musica 1640]] [[Categoria:Odyssea]] [[Categoria:Ulixes]] [[Categoria:Operae]] [[Categoria:Operae in mythologia Graeco-Romana conditae]] pu1ygfr9ywzggg3y9qws3mh5bylw1wu L'incoronazione di Poppea 0 165727 3986194 3978505 2026-09-06T16:29:35Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986194 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Claudio_Monteverdi_4.jpg|thumb|Claudius Monteverdi]] [[Fasciculus:La mort de seneque.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|alt= An elderly man, unclothed except for a loose cloth placed on his body, is supported in the arms of an associate, while others crowd around looking anxiously on.|''Mors Senecae.'' Tabula [[Luca Giordano|Lucae Giordano]], [[1684]]]] [[Fasciculus:Nero Crop.jpg|thumb|alt= A dark-haired, youthful figure in a red robe, with a melancholy expression, reclines frontwards on a bed or sofa, head resting on hand.|''[[Nero (imperator)|Nero]] de suis facinoribus meditatur.'' Pars tabulae J. W. Waterhouse, [[1878]]]] '''''L'incoronazione di Poppea''''' ([[Stattkus-Verzeichnis|SV]] 308, ''Diadema Poppaeae impositum'') est [[opera]] in prologo et [[actus (drama)|actibus]] tribus, primum [[Venetiae|Venetiis]] per tempus [[carnelevarium|carnelevarii]] [[1642]]–[[1643]] peracta. [[Musica]], [[Claudius Monteverdi|Claudio Monteverdi]] tributa, [[libellus|libellum]] [[Ioannes Franciscus Busenello|Ioannis Francisci Busenello]] exponit. Haec, una ex primis operis quae eventus [[homo|hominesque]] [[historia|historicos]], pro [[mythologia]] classica, casus ex [[scriptura|scripturis]] [[Tacitus|Taciti]], [[Suetonius|Suetonii]], et aliorum accommodat ad enarrandam rationem qua [[Poppaea Sabina|Poppaea]], [[concubina]] [[Nero (imperator)|Neronis]] [[imperator Romanus|imperatoris Romani]], suum desiderium adsequitur et [[imperator|imperatrix]] fit. Opera iterum [[Neapolis|Neapole]] anno [[1651]] cantata est, sed tum plus quam [[duo]] [[saeculum|saecula]] neglegebatur, usque annum [[1888]], cum [[partitura]] inventa esset.<!-- after which it became the subject of scholarly attention in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Since the 1960s, the opera has been performed and recorded many times.--> == Editiones == Post initium [[saeculum 20|saeculi vicensimi]], [[partitura]] ''L'incoronazione'' saepe edita est. Nonnullae editiones, pro singularibus perfunctionibus factae (e.g. Westrup pro perfunctionibus Oxford Town Hall anno 1927) non iam prolatae sunt. Hic habes principales editiones post [[1904]] divulgatas.<!-- Years of publication often postdate the first performances from these editions.--><ref>Carter (2002), pp. 5–11.</ref><ref>Rosand (2007b, Oxford Music Online)</ref> * Hugo Goldschmidt (Lipsiae, 1904, in ''Studien zur Geschichte der Italienischen Oper im 17 Jahrhundert'') * Vincent d'Indy (Lutetiae, 1908) * Gian Francesco Malipiero (Vindobonae, 1931, in ''Claudio Monteverdi: Tutte le opere'') * [[Ernstus Krenek|Ernst Krenek]] (Vindobonae, 1935) * [[Giacomo Benvenuti]] (Mediolani, 1937) * Giorgio Federico Ghedini (Mediolani, 1953) * Hans Redlich (Kassel, 1958) * Walter Goehr (Vindobonae et Londinii, 1960) * [[Raymondus Leppard|Raymond Leppard]] (Londinii, 1966) * Alan Curtis (Londinii, 1989) == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|title= Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia|url= http://www.amadeusonline.net/almanacco.php?Start=0&Giorno=&Mese=&Anno=&Giornata=&Testo=L%27incoronazione+di+Poppea&Parola=Stringa|publisher= Amadeusonline|accessdate= 26 October 2009}} * {{cite journal|last= Arnold|first= Denis|authorlink= Denis Arnold|title= Monteverdi:L'incoronazione di Poppea complete|journal= Gramophone|pages= 101|publisher= Haymarket|location= Londinii|date= Martio [[1975]]|url= http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/March%201975/101/838635/MONTEVERDI.+LIncoronazione+di+Poppea+complete.+Fortuna+Virtue+Love+Popriea+Nerone+Ottavia+Ottone+Seneca+Drusilla+Nutrice+Arnalta+Lucano |accessdate= 8 Novembris 2009}} * {{cite journal|last= Arnold|first= Denis|title= Monteverdi:L'incoronazione di Poppea ed. Curtis|journal= Gramophone|pages= 88|publisher= Haymarket|location= Londinii|date= Aprili [[1982]]|url= http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/April%201982/88/765468/MONTEVERDI.+LINCORONAZIONE+Dl+POPPEA+led.+Curtis).+Carolyn+Watkinson+(contr)+Fortune%2C+Nerone+Judith+Nelson+(sop)+Virtue%2C+Pallas+Athene%2C+Drusilla+Peter+Ratinck.x+(treb)+Love+Henri+Ledroit+(alto)+Ottone+Guy+do+May+(ten)+First+Soldier%2C+Lucano%2C+First+Tribune+Philip+Schuddeboom+(ten)+Second+Soldier%2C+Second+Attendant%2C+Second+Tribune+Carmen+Balthrop+(sop)+Poppea+Carlo+Gaifa+(ten)+Arnalta.+Andrea+Bierbaum+(msop)+Ottavia.+First+Attendant+IJIrik+Cold+(bass)+Seneca%2C+First+Consul+Harry+van+der+Kamp+(bass)+Mercury.+Third+Attendant%2C+Lector%2C+Second+Consul+Ben+Holt+(bar)+Liberto+II+Complesso+Barocco++Alan+Curtis.+Fonit+Cetra+MusicaAperta+LMA3008+(four+records%2C+nas%2C+%C2%A321.96).+English+notes+and+Italian+text+included.+Recorded+at+a+public+performance+in+the+Teatro+La+Fenice%2C+Venice%2C+on+September+5th%2C+1980. |accessdate= 8 Novembris 2009}} * {{cite web|last= Arnold|first= Denis|title= Claudio Monteverdi: Three decades in Venice|url= http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/390820/Claudio-Monteverdi/4981/Three-decades-in-Venice|publisher= Britannica Online|accessdate= 31 Octobris 2009}} * {{cite encyclopedia|last= Arnold|first= Denis|editor-last= Sadie|editor-first= Stanley|title= Claudio Monteverdi|encyclopedia= New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians|volume= 12|page= 527|publisher= Macmillan|location= London|year= [[1980]]|isbn= 0-333-23111-2}} * {{cite video|people= Bartlett, Clifford|title= L'incoronazione di Poppea: an introduction|medium= CD|publisher= Virgin Classics|location= Londinii|date= [[1990]]}} * {{cite web|authorlink= Tim Carter (musicologist)|last= Carter|first= Tim|editor-first= Laura (ed.)|editor-last= Macy|title= Monteverdi, Claudio: Venice |publisher= Oxford Music Online|year= [[2007]]}} * {{cite book|last= Carter|first= Tim|title= Monteverdi's Musical Theatre|url= https://archive.org/details/monteverdismusic0000cart|publisher= Yale University Press|location= Portu Novo|year= [[2002]]|isbn= 0-300-09676-3}} * {{cite news|last= Christiansen|first= Rupert|title= 2007 Review of the Year, Opera|url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/3669953/Review-of-the-year-Opera.html|work= The Daily Telegraph|date= 15 Decembris [[2007]]|accessdate= 30 Octobris 2009}} * {{cite news|last= Elleson|first= Ruth|title= Prom 18: L'incoronazione di Poppea|url= http://www.operatoday.com/content/2008/08/prom_18_lincoro.php|work= Opera Today|date= 19 Augusti [[2008]]|accessdate= 30 Octobris 2009}} * {{cite news|title= Glyndebourne Festival Opera: L'incoronazione di Poppea|url= http://www.theorganmag.com/liverevs/2008-05-29-monteverdi.html|work= The Organ|date= 29 Maii [[2008]]|accessdate= 30 Octobris 2009}} * {{cite journal|title= Gundula Janowitz features in a far from authentic Poppea|journal= Gramophone|pages= 94|publisher= Haymarket|location= London|date= Iulio [[1998]]|url= http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/July%201998/94/741426/Gundula+Janowitz+features+in+a+far+from+authentic+Poppea+Photo+Gran+%2CnoptonlCru%2C%2Cuod#header-logo|accessdate= 8 Novembris 2009}} * {{cite journal|last= Hall|first= George|title= L'incoronazione di Poppea|url= http://www.thestage.co.uk/reviews/review.php/20735/lincoronazione-di-poppearel=nofollow|journal= The Stage|location= London|date= 19 Maii [[2008]]|accessdate= 19 Novembris 2009}} * Harnoncourt, Nikolaus. [[1974]]. ''The Coronation of Poppea: An Introduction.'' Londinii: Teldec/Das Alte werke.<!-- (pp.&nbsp;10–17 of notes accompanying CD release 02292 42547)--> * {{cite news|last= Holland|first= Bernard|title= The Opera: A Poppea at Santa Fe|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1986/08/09/arts/the-opera-a-poppea-in-santa-fe.html|work= The New York Times|date= 9 Augusti [[1986]]|accessdate= 28 Octobris 2009}} * {{cite news|last= Kaptainis|first= Arthur|title= L'incoronazione di Poppea|url= http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-30396307.html|work= [[Opera Canada]]|date= 22 Iunii [[2000]]|accessdate= 30 Octobris 2009}}{{subscription}} * {{cite news|last= Kozinn|first= Allan|title= Solving a Monteverdi Opera Before Presenting It|url= http://www.nytimes.com/1994/04/23/arts/review-music-solving-a-monteverdi-opera-before-presenting-it.html|work= The New York Times|date= 23 Aprilis [[1994]]|accessdate= 30 Octobris 2009}} * {{cite journal|last= Lawrence|first= Richard|title= Monteverdi:L'incoronazione di Poppea |journal= Gramophone|pages= 76|publisher= Haymarket|location= Londinii|date= Septembri [[2004]]|url= http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/September%202004/76/811431/MONTEVERDI+0|accessdate= 8 Novembris 2009}} * {{cite web|title= Les Arts Florissants|url= http://www.barbican.org.uk/music/event-detail.asp?id=8520&pg=1729|publisher= Barbican.org|accessdate= 30 Octobris 2009}} * {{cite news|last= Maddox|first= Fiona|title= Down to her Freudian slip|url= http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/music/review-23417309-down-to-her-freudian-slip.do|work= The London Evening Standard|date= 19 Octobris [[2007]]|accessdate= 30 Octobris 2009}} * {{cite journal|title= Monteverdi: L'incoronazione di Poppea|journal= Gramophone|pages= 123|publisher= Haymarket|location= London|date= Maio [[1990]]|url= http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/May%201990/123/819415/MONTEVERDI.+LINCORONAZIONE+DI+POPPEA.+Arleen+Auger+(sop)+Poppea+Della+Jones+(mez)+Nerone+Linda+Hirst+(mez)+Ottavia+James+Bowman+(alto)+Ottone+Gregory+Rein+hart+(bass)+Seneca+Juliet+Booth+(sop)+Vint)+Catherine+Pierard+(mez)+Fortune%2C+Pallas+Athene+Sarah+Leonard+(sop)+Drusilla+Adrian+Thompson+(ten)+Arnalta+Mark+Tucker+(ten)+Lucano+Brian+BannatyneScott+(bass)+Lictor%2C+Mercury+Janice+Watson+(sop)+Venus%2C+Valletto%2C+Ladyinwaiting+Samuel+Linay+(treb)+Love+Catherine+Denley+(contr)+Nutrice+City+of+London+Baroque+Sinfonia++Richard+H+ickox.+Virgin+Classics+Veritas+(D+VCT7+907754+(three+cassettes%2C+nas)+0)+VCT7+907752+(three+discs%2C+nas%3A+195+minutes%3A+DDD).+Notes%2C+text+and+translation+included.+Recorded+in+association+with+Technics.|accessdate= 19 November 2009}} * {{cite journal|title= Monteverdi: L'incoronazione di Poppea|journal= Gramophone|pages= 124|publisher= Haymarket|location= London|date= Aprili [[1991]]|url= http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/April%201991/124/804428/MONTEVERDI.+LINCORONAZIONE+Dl+POPPEA.+Danielle+Borst+(sop)+Poppea+Gail+lemette+Laurens+(mez)+Nerone+Jennifer+Larmore+(mez)+Ottavia+Axel+K%C3%B6hler+(alto)+Ottone+Michael+Schopper+(bass)+Seneca+Lena+Lootens+(sop)+Drusilla+Maria+Cristina+Kiehr+(sop)+Virtue+Hanne+Mari+Orbaek+(sop)+Fortune+Dominique+Visse+(alto)+Nurse+Christopher+Homberger+(ten)+Arnalta+Guy+de+Mey+(ten)+Lucano+Andreas+Lebeda+(bar)+Lictor+Regina+Jakobi+(mez)+Venus%2C+Pallas+Athene+Martina+Bovet+(sop)+Love+Gerd+TUrk+(ten)+Mercury+Christina+Hogman+(sop)+Valletto+Concerto+Vocale+I+Ren%C3%A9+Jacobs.+Harmonia+Mundi+%C2%AE+al+HMC40+133032+(three+cassettes%2C+nas)+(0+HMC90+133032+(three+discs%2C+nas%3A+197+minutes%3A+DDD).+Notes%2C+text+and+translation+included.|accessdate= 19 November 2009}} * {{cite journal|title= Monteverdi: L'incoronazione di Poppea|journal= Gramophone|pages= 97|publisher= Haymarket|location= London|date= Iulio [[1996]]|url= http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/July%201996/97/751614/Monteverdi+Lincoronazione+di+Poppea.+Sylvia+McNair+(sop)+Poppea+Dana+Hanchard+(sop)+Nerone+Anne+Sofie+von+Otter+(mez)+Ottavia%2C+Fortune%2C+Venus+Michael+Chance+(alto)+Ottone+Francesco+Ellero+dArtegna+(bass)+Seneca+Catherine+Bott+(sop)+Drusilla%2C+Virtue%2C+Pallas+Athene+Roberto+Balcone+(alto)+Nurse+Bernarda+Fink+(contr)+Arnaita+Mark+Tucker+(ten)+Lucano%2C+First+Soldier+Julian+Clarkson+(bass)+Lictor%2C+Mercury+Marinella+Pennicch.i+(sop)+Love+Constanze+Backes+(sop)+Valleto+Nigel+Robson+(ten)+Liberto%2C+Second+Soldier+English+Baroque+Soloists+I+John+Eliot+Gardiner.|accessdate= 19 November 2009}} * {{cite book|last= Neef|first= Sigrid (ed.)|year= [[2000]]|title= Opera: Composers, Works, Performers (English edition)|publisher= Könemann|location= Coloniae|isbn= 3-8290-3571-3}} * {{cite book|authorlink= Mark Ringer|last= Ringer|first= Mark|title= Opera's First Master: The Musical Dramas of Claudio Monteverdi|url= https://archive.org/details/operasfirstmaste0000ring|publisher= Amadeus Press|location= Newark Novae Caesareae|year= [[2006]]|isbn= 1-57467-110-3}} * {{cite book|last= Robinson|first= Michael F.|title= Opera before Mozart|url= https://archive.org/details/operabeforemozar0000robi|publisher= Hutchinson & Co.|location= Londinii|year= [[1972]]|isbn= 0-09-080421-X}} * {{Cite book|last= Rosand|first= Ellen|url= http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=OIldosPbzukC&pg=PA37&lpg=PA37&dq=Accademia+degli+Incogniti+Venice#v=onepage&q=Accademia%20degli%20Incogniti%20Venice&f=false|title= Opera in Seventeenth-Century Venice: the Creation of a Genre|publisher= University of California Press|location= Berkeleiae|year= [[1991]]|accessdate= 13 Novembris 2009|isbn= 0-520-25426-0}} * {{cite book|last= Rosand|first= Ellen|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=4nAImAfyxvYC&pg=PA65&lpg=PA65&dq=Udine+Monteverdi+manuscript#v=onepage&q=Udine%20Monteverdi%20manuscript&f=false|title= Monteverdi's Last Operas: a Venetian trilogy|publisher= University of California Press|location= Los Angeles|year= [[2007]]|isbn= 0-520-24934-8}} * {{cite web|last= Rosand|first= Ellen|editor-first= Laura (ed.)|editor-last= Macy|title= L'incoronazione di Poppea |publisher= Oxford Music Online|year= [[2007]]}} * {{cite journal|last= Stuart|first= Robert|title= Busenello's Libretto to Monteverde's L'Incoronazione di Poppea|work= The Musical Times|jstor= 916514|date= 1 Octobris [[1927]]}} * {{cite journal|title= The Coronation of Poppea|work= Radio Times|date= 27 Novembris [[1971]]|pages= 31}} * {{cite journal|title= Trade News|journal= Gramophone|pages= 95|publisher= Haymarket|location= London|date= Novembris [[1954]]|url= http://www.gramophone.net/Issue/Page/November%201954/95/752800/TRADE+NEWS|accessdate= 8 Novembris 2009}} * {{cite web|last= Wakelin|first= Emma|title= Monteverdi: L'incoronazione di Poppea|year= [[2001]]|url= http://www.andante.com/article/article.cfm?id=12790|publisher= Andante.com|accessdate= 20 Octobris 2009}} * {{cite web|last= Walker|first= Thomas & Glixon, Beth|editor-first= Laura (ed.)|editor-last= Macy|title= Renzi, Anna |publisher= Oxford Music Online|year= [[2007]]}} == Bibliographia addita == * {{cite book|last= Arnold|first= Denis & Fortune, Nigel (eds)|title= The Monteverdi Companion|url= https://archive.org/details/monteverdicompan0000deni|publisher= Faber & Faber|location= Londinii|year= [[1968]]}} * {{cite web|last= Chew|first= Geoffrey|editor-first= Laura (ed.)|editor-last= Macy|title= Monteverdi, Claudio: Works from the Venetian years |publisher= Oxford Music Online|year= [[2007]]}} * {{cite web|last= Chew|first= Geoffrey|editor-first= Laura (ed.)|editor-last= Macy|title= Monteverdi, Claudio: Tonal language |publisher= Oxford Music Online|year= [[2007]]}} * {{cite book|authorlink= Stanley Sadie|last= Sadie|first= Stanley (ed.)|title= The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Opera|url= https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_n7k2|publisher= Flame Tree Publishing|location= London|year= [[2004]]|isbn= 1-84451-026-3}} == Nexus externi == * [[scores:L'Incoronazione di Poppea, SV 308 (Monteverdi, Claudio)|''L'incoronazione di Poppea'']], partitura, [[Propositum pro Libellorum Musicae Bibliotheca internationali]] (IMSLP) * {{cite web|title=''L'incoronazione di Poppea'' libretto|url=http://www.librettidopera.it/incopop/incopop.html|publisher=Libretti d'opera|accessdate=5 November 2009}} (Busenello's libretto in Italian, with final scene added) * [http://cantab.academia.edu/UriGolomb/Papers/356836/Claudio_Monteverdis_Lincoronazione_di_Poppea "Claudio Monteverdi’s ''L’incoronazione di Poppea''"] by Uri Golomb, ''Goldberg Early Music Magazine'' 42 (October 2006):60–71. {{DEFAULTSORT:Incoronazione Di Poppea, L'}} [[Categoria:Claudius Monsviridis]] [[Categoria:Nero]] [[Categoria:Musica 1642]] [[Categoria:Musica 1643]] [[Categoria:Operae]] miwyr55xt9660xnspj06li0a6m7a25p Circulus Holtisminnensis 0 166033 3986330 3985463 2026-09-07T11:07:32Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Holtisminnensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Holzminden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Holtsminne''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], die [[12 Octobris]] [[1832]] a [[Gulielmus (Dux Brunsvici)|Gulielmo]] duce [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Brunsvici]] conditus est. Caput circuli urbs [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> est. == Historia == Circulus primo ad Ducatum, deinde ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinebat. A die [[1 Novembris]] [[1941]] circulus Holtisminnensis pars provinciae Hannoverae [[Borussia]]e erat. Anno [[1945]] ad terram Hannoveram, ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. Hodie disputatur, an circulus cum finitimo [[Circulus terrae Northemiensis|Circulo Northemiensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Northemiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Northeim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Northemiensis-e" ad urbem [[Northemium]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> coniungendus sit. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HOL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Holtisminnensi.]] Circulus Holtisminnensis 32 communia habet, quae maxima parte ad "communia generalia" (Theodisce "Samtgemeinden") coniuncta sunt. Haec sunt: * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'') oppidum (8142 incolae) * [[Holtisminni]] urbs, caput circuli (19.939) * [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern''), commune generale (6056) ** [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') (3946) ** [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') (979) ** [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'') (440) ** [[Negenborn]] (691) * [[Bodonis Insula-Collis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref><ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder-Polle''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs (5546) ** [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'') (718) ** [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'') (1590) ** [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'') (861) ** [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'') (1912) ** [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'') (482) ** [[Kirchbrak]] (1089) ** [[Ottenstein]] (1189) ** [[Pegestorf]] (428) ** [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') oppidum (1102) ** [[Vahlbruch]] (458) * [[Boffeshusium (commune generale)|Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen''), commune generale (7042) ** [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (2701) ** [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) -thal : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'') (671) ** [[Fürstenberg]] (1167) ** [[Lauenförde]] (2503) * [[Eschershusa-Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Eschershausen-Stadtoldendorf''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') urbs (5457) ** [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'') (391) ** [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'') (1511) ** [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'') (812) ** [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (996) ** [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen''), urbs (3415) ** [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'') (920) ** [[Holza]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'') (629) ** [[Lenne]] (673) ** [[Lüerdissen]] (448) ** [[Wangelnstedt]] (617) Praeterea sunt loca quaedam, quae ad nullum commune pertinent. Quae omnia hominibus deserta sunt: * Boffeshusium<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (23,40 km²) * Eima<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (12,91 km²) * Eschershusa<ref name="-husa"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'') (4,92 km²) * Grünenplan (22,71 km²) * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'') (15,01 km²) * Merxhausen (22,50 km²) * Wenzen (15,84 km²) ==Notae== <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{geo-stipula}} {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris|Holtisminni]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1832]] ryayobz33ju0jhyv4jlqqg4puc9t3lh 3986331 3986330 2026-09-07T11:08:23Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986331 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Holtisminnensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Holzminden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Holtsminne''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], die [[12 Octobris]] [[1832]] a [[Gulielmus (Dux Brunsvici)|Gulielmo]] duce [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Brunsvici]] conditus est. Caput circuli urbs [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> est. == Historia == Circulus primo ad Ducatum, deinde ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinebat. A die [[1 Novembris]] [[1941]] circulus Holtisminnensis pars provinciae Hannoverae [[Borussia]]e erat. Anno [[1945]] ad terram Hannoveram, ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. Hodie disputatur, an circulus cum finitimo [[Circulus terrae Northemiensis|Circulo Northemiensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Northemiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Northeim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Northemiensis-e" ad urbem [[Northemium]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> coniungendus sit. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HOL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Holtisminnensi.]] Circulus Holtisminnensis 32 communia habet, quae maxima parte ad "communia generalia" (Theodisce "Samtgemeinden") coniuncta sunt. Haec sunt: * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'') oppidum (8142 incolae) * [[Holtisminni]] urbs, caput circuli (19.939) * [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern''), commune generale (6056) ** [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') (3946) ** [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') (979) ** [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'') (440) ** [[Negenborn]] (691) * [[Bodonis Insula-Collis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref><ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder-Polle''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs (5546) ** [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'') (718) ** [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'') (1590) ** [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'') (861) ** [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'') (1912) ** [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'') (482) ** [[Kirchbrak]] (1089) ** [[Ottenstein]] (1189) ** [[Pegestorf]] (428) ** [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') oppidum (1102) ** [[Vahlbruch]] (458) * [[Boffeshusium (commune generale)|Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen''), commune generale (7042) ** [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (2701) ** [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) -thal : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'') (671) ** [[Fürstenberg]] (1167) ** [[Lauenförde]] (2503) * [[Eschershusa-Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Eschershausen-Stadtoldendorf''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') urbs (5457) ** [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'') (391) ** [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'') (1511) ** [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'') (812) ** [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (996) ** [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen''), urbs (3415) ** [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'') (920) ** [[Holza]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'') (629) ** [[Lenne]] (673) ** [[Lüerdissen]] (448) ** [[Wangelnstedt]] (617) Praeterea sunt loca quaedam, quae ad nullum commune pertinent. Quae omnia hominibus deserta sunt: * Boffeshusium<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (23,40 km²) * Eima<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (12,91 km²) * Eschershusa<ref name="-husa"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'') (4,92 km²) * Grünenplan (22,71 km²) * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'') (15,01 km²) * Merxhausen (22,50 km²) * Wenzen (15,84 km²) ==Notae== <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{geo-stipula}} {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris|Holtisminni]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1832]] 8f2ahivtrxzm9q3yjzwygn64st76k67 3986339 3986331 2026-09-07T11:15:10Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986339 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Holtisminnensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Holzminden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Holtsminne''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], die [[12 Octobris]] [[1832]] a [[Gulielmus (Dux Brunsvici)|Gulielmo]] duce [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Brunsvici]] conditus est. Caput circuli urbs [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> est. == Historia == Circulus primo ad Ducatum, deinde ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinebat. A die [[1 Novembris]] [[1941]] circulus Holtisminnensis pars provinciae Hannoverae [[Borussia]]e erat. Anno [[1945]] ad terram Hannoveram, ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. Hodie disputatur, an circulus cum finitimo [[Circulus terrae Northemiensis|Circulo Northemiensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Northemiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Northeim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Northemiensis-e" ad urbem [[Northemium]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> coniungendus sit. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HOL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Holtisminnensi.]] Circulus Holtisminnensis 32 communia habet, quae maxima parte ad "communia generalia" (Theodisce "Samtgemeinden") coniuncta sunt. Haec sunt: * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'') oppidum (8142 incolae) * [[Holtisminni]] urbs, caput circuli (19.939) * [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern''), commune generale (6056) ** [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') (3946) ** [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') (979) ** [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'') (440) ** [[Negenborn]] (691) * [[Bodonis Insula-Collis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref><ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder-Polle''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs (5546) ** [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bräwer'') (718) ** [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'') (1590) ** [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'') (861) ** [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'') (1912) ** [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'') (482) ** [[Kirchbrak]] (1089) ** [[Ottenstein]] (1189) ** [[Pegestorf]] (428) ** [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') oppidum (1102) ** [[Vahlbruch]] (458) * [[Boffeshusium (commune generale)|Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen''), commune generale (7042) ** [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (2701) ** [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) -thal : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'') (671) ** [[Fürstenberg]] (1167) ** [[Lauenförde]] (2503) * [[Eschershusa-Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Eschershausen-Stadtoldendorf''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') urbs (5457) ** [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'') (391) ** [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'') (1511) ** [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'') (812) ** [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (996) ** [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen''), urbs (3415) ** [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'') (920) ** [[Holza]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'') (629) ** [[Lenne]] (673) ** [[Lüerdissen]] (448) ** [[Wangelnstedt]] (617) Praeterea sunt loca quaedam, quae ad nullum commune pertinent. Quae omnia hominibus deserta sunt: * Boffeshusium<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (23,40 km²) * Eima<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (12,91 km²) * Eschershusa<ref name="-husa"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'') (4,92 km²) * Grünenplan (22,71 km²) * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'') (15,01 km²) * Merxhausen (22,50 km²) * Wenzen (15,84 km²) ==Notae== <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{geo-stipula}} {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris|Holtisminni]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1832]] lvsjw5kil9ycwpqfgr6rxls6zrhg0vm 3986361 3986339 2026-09-07T11:57:30Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Holtisminnensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Holzminden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Holtsminne''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], die [[12 Octobris]] [[1832]] a [[Gulielmus (Dux Brunsvici)|Gulielmo]] duce [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Brunsvici]] conditus est. Caput circuli urbs [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> est. == Historia == Circulus primo ad Ducatum, deinde ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinebat. A die [[1 Novembris]] [[1941]] circulus Holtisminnensis pars provinciae Hannoverae [[Borussia]]e erat. Anno [[1945]] ad terram Hannoveram, ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. Hodie disputatur, an circulus cum finitimo [[Circulus terrae Northemiensis|Circulo Northemiensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Northemiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Northeim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Northemiensis-e" ad urbem [[Northemium]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> coniungendus sit. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HOL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Holtisminnensi.]] Circulus Holtisminnensis 32 communia habet, quae maxima parte ad "communia generalia" (Theodisce "Samtgemeinden") coniuncta sunt. Haec sunt: * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'') oppidum (8142 incolae) * [[Holtisminni]] urbs, caput circuli (19.939) * [[Bevernense Castrum (commune generale)|Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern''), commune generale (6056) ** [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'') (3946) ** [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'') (979) ** [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'') (440) ** [[Negenborn]] (691) * [[Bodonis Insula-Collis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref><ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder-Polle''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs (5546) ** [[Bracum]]<ref name="Kirchbrak">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum terminationibus ''-ac'' aut ''-ach'' aut ''-ack'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-acum-i" aut "-achium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ac, -ach, -ack''' : -''acum,'' -''achium'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizantia suffixa formis antiquis huius toponymi "Brac" applicantur; quo de toponymo, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B77-F/NOB%20VI%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Holzminden.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''/NOB VI Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Theodericus de Brach'' (...) ''Henricus de Brach'' (...) ''Henrico de Brack'' (...) villa Brac (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchbrak''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kerkbraak'') (1089) ** [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bräwer'') (718) ** [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'') (1590) ** [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'') (861) ** [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'') (1912) ** [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'') (482) ** [[Ottenstein]] (1189) ** [[Pegestorf]] (428) ** [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') oppidum (1102) ** [[Vahlbruch]] (458) * [[Boffeshusium (commune generale)|Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen''), commune generale (7042) ** [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (2701) ** [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) -thal : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'') (671) ** [[Fürstenberg]] (1167) ** [[Lauenförde]] (2503) * [[Eschershusa-Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Eschershausen-Stadtoldendorf''), commune generale (15.375) ** [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') urbs (5457) ** [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'') (391) ** [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'') (1511) ** [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'') (812) ** [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (996) ** [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen''), urbs (3415) ** [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'') (920) ** [[Holza]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'') (629) ** [[Lenne]] (673) ** [[Lüerdissen]] (448) ** [[Wangelnstedt]] (617) Praeterea sunt loca quaedam, quae ad nullum commune pertinent. Quae omnia hominibus deserta sunt: * Boffeshusium<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'') (23,40 km²) * Eima<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'') (12,91 km²) * Eschershusa<ref name="-husa"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'') (4,92 km²) * Grünenplan (22,71 km²) * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'') (15,01 km²) * Merxhausen (22,50 km²) * Wenzen (15,84 km²) ==Notae== <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{geo-stipula}} {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris|Holtisminni]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1832]] ifg2qodb6k7j94b4hzix1d9pq0fakrf Bodonis Insula-Collis 0 166610 3986328 3984704 2026-09-07T11:06:51Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Bodonis Insula-Collis'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref><ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder-Polle'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. [[Fasciculus:Rathaus von Bodenwerder, Geburtshaus vom Baron von Münchhausen 2.JPG|thumb|left|Sedes administrationis communis generalis et olim castellum [[Baro de Münchhausen|Baronis de Münchhausen]].]] == Historia == Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] commune generale Bodonis Insula-Collis constitutum est, cum [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs atque vici undecim coniuncti sint, qui iam antea in communibus generalibus Bodonis Insula ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') et Collis ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') collaboraverant<ref>[http://www.muenchhausenland.de/index.php?side=content&ID=67&MID=2 Pagina interretialis de condito communi generali Bodonis Insula-Colli]</ref>. == Communia ad Bodonis Insulam-Collem pertinentes == ** [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs (5546 incolae, sedes administrationis) ** [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'') (718) ** [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') oppidum (1102) ** [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'') (1590) ** [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'') (861) ** [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'') (1912) ** [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'') (482) ** [[Kirchbrak]] (1089) ** [[Ottenstein]] (1189) ** [[Pegestorf]] (428) ** [[Vahlbruch]] (458) == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 2010]] ljolhyhwycefpd0tzdi7izaczek0a75 3986337 3986328 2026-09-07T11:14:02Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Bodonis Insula-Collis'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref><ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder-Polle'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. [[Fasciculus:Rathaus von Bodenwerder, Geburtshaus vom Baron von Münchhausen 2.JPG|thumb|left|Sedes administrationis communis generalis et olim castellum [[Baro de Münchhausen|Baronis de Münchhausen]].]] == Historia == Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] commune generale Bodonis Insula-Collis constitutum est, cum [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs atque vici undecim coniuncti sint, qui iam antea in communibus generalibus Bodonis Insula ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') et Collis ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') collaboraverant<ref>[http://www.muenchhausenland.de/index.php?side=content&ID=67&MID=2 Pagina interretialis de condito communi generali Bodonis Insula-Colli]</ref>. == Communia ad Bodonis Insulam-Collem pertinentes == ** [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs (5546 incolae, sedes administrationis) ** [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bräwer'') (718) ** [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') oppidum (1102) ** [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'') (1590) ** [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'') (861) ** [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'') (1912) ** [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'') (482) ** [[Kirchbrak]] (1089) ** [[Ottenstein]] (1189) ** [[Pegestorf]] (428) ** [[Vahlbruch]] (458) == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 2010]] g2zwiceuyjpzdhwf5x8g2iya3rre71q 3986357 3986337 2026-09-07T11:44:41Z IacobusAmor 1163 3986357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Bodonis Insula-Collis'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref><ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder-Polle'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. [[Fasciculus:Rathaus von Bodenwerder, Geburtshaus vom Baron von Münchhausen 2.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|Sedes administrationis communis generalis et olim castellum [[Baro de Münchhausen|Baronis de Münchhausen]].]] == Historia == Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] commune generale Bodonis Insula-Collis constitutum est, cum [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs atque vici undecim coniuncti sint, qui iam antea in communibus generalibus Bodonis Insula (Theodisce et Saxonice ''Bodenwerder'') et Collis (Theodisce et Saxonice ''Polle'') collaboraverant<ref>[http://www.muenchhausenland.de/index.php?side=content&ID=67&MID=2 Pagina interretialis de condito communi generali Bodonis Insula-Colli].</ref>. == Communia ad Bodonis Insulam-Collem pertinentes == ** [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs (5546 incolae, sedes administrationis) ** [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bräwer'') (718) ** [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') oppidum (1102) ** [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'') (1590) ** [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'') (861) ** [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'') (1912) ** [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'') (482) ** [[Kirchbrak]] (1089) ** [[Ottenstein]] (1189) ** [[Pegestorf]] (428) ** [[Vahlbruch]] (458) == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 2010]] 40e6ufg6r1g82wuiscfhzgzmfh8ny9z 3986360 3986357 2026-09-07T11:56:23Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Bodonis Insula-Collis'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref><ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder-Polle'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. [[Fasciculus:Rathaus von Bodenwerder, Geburtshaus vom Baron von Münchhausen 2.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|Sedes administrationis communis generalis et olim castellum [[Baro de Münchhausen|Baronis de Münchhausen]].]] == Historia == Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] commune generale Bodonis Insula-Collis constitutum est, cum [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs atque vici undecim coniuncti sint, qui iam antea in communibus generalibus Bodonis Insula (Theodisce et Saxonice ''Bodenwerder'') et Collis (Theodisce et Saxonice ''Polle'') collaboraverant<ref>[http://www.muenchhausenland.de/index.php?side=content&ID=67&MID=2 Pagina interretialis de condito communi generali Bodonis Insula-Colli].</ref>. == Communia ad Bodonis Insulam-Collem pertinentes == ** [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'') urbs (5546 incolae, sedes administrationis) ** [[Bracum]]<ref name="Kirchbrak">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum terminationibus ''-ac'' aut ''-ach'' aut ''-ack'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-acum-i" aut "-achium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ac, -ach, -ack''' : -''acum,'' -''achium'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizantia suffixa formis antiquis huius toponymi "Brac" applicantur; quo de toponymo, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B77-F/NOB%20VI%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Holzminden.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''/NOB VI Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Theodericus de Brach'' (...) ''Henricus de Brach'' (...) ''Henrico de Brack'' (...) villa Brac (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchbrak''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kerkbraak'') (1089) ** [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bräwer'') (718) ** [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') oppidum (1102) ** [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'') (1590) ** [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'') (861) ** [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'') (1912) ** [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'') (482) ** [[Ottenstein]] (1189) ** [[Pegestorf]] (428) ** [[Vahlbruch]] (458) == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 2010]] inf00lzhpslsiwmg83ye780bwpsdnhq Bredenforda 0 166724 3986334 3977723 2026-09-07T11:12:33Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986334 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Grave Panorama 01.jpg|thumb|left|Conspectus vici [[Gravena]]e<ref name="Casemir"/> (Theodisce ''Grave'', qui ad Bredenfordam pertinet.]] '''Bredenforda'''<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> seu '''Bredenvorda'''<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898"/> seu '''Bedenfordum'''<ref name="Casemir">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> seu '''Bredenfordium'''<ref name="Casemir"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bräwer'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. Ad Bredenfordam etiam vicus [[Gravena]]<ref name="Casemir"/> (Theodisce ''Grave'') pertinet. Commune ad flumen [[Visurgis|Visurgim]] situm est. == Historia == Ecclesia protestantica circa annum [[1200]] aedificata est. Bredenforda ab anno [[1973]] ad circulum Holtisminnis et a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] pars communis generalis [[Bodonis Insula-Collis|Bodonis Insulae-Collis]] est. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Brevoerde}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] 1zyg6l9k8y81jkpg99r5do6dxi5dqdq 3986356 3986334 2026-09-07T11:42:38Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3986356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Grave Panorama 01.jpg|thumb|upright=4|center|Conspectus vici [[Gravena]]e<ref name="Casemir"/> (Theodisce ''Grave'', qui ad Bredenfordam pertinet.]] '''Bredenforda'''<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> seu '''Bredenvorda'''<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898"/> seu '''Bedenfordum'''<ref name="Casemir">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> seu '''Bredenfordium'''<ref name="Casemir"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräwer'') est [[urbs]] et [[commune]] [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]]. Ad Bredenfordam pertinet [[vicus]] [[Gravena]]<ref name="Casemir"/> (Theodisce ''Grave''). Commune ad [[flumen]] [[Visurgis|Visurgim]] situm est. == Historia == [[Templum]] nunc Protestanticum in urbe circa annum [[1200]] aedificatum est. Bredenforda ab anno [[1973]] ad circulum Holtisminnis et a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] pars communis generalis [[Bodonis Insula-Collis|Bodonis Insulae-Collis]] est. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Brevoerde}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] 9xe7w7ca1upedptkl1s3x7z13ycs4rd Heya 0 167116 3986327 3984703 2026-09-07T11:05:52Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Heya'''<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. Commune ad flumen [[Visurgis|Visurgim]] situm est. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Heyen im Landkreis Holzminden.jpg|thumb|left|Heya.]] Heya saeculo anno [[1004]] nomine ''Hegen'' primo in actis [[Henricus II (imperator)|Henrici II]] imperatoris descripta est. Ab anno [[1973]] ad commune generale [[Bodonis Insula|Bodonis Insulam]] pertinuit, a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] pars communis generalis [[Bodonis Insula-Collis|Bodonis Insulae-Collis]] est<ref>[http://www.gemeinde-heyen.de/presse.php?text=2004-03-01-KurzberichtChronik.htm Chronicon communis in pagina gemeinde-heyen.de (Theodisce)]</ref>. == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] 0ymqjuc90ev31jhhrl144uu69sb4wrw Bracum 0 167120 3986351 3977192 2026-09-07T11:34:06Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Kirchbrak]] ad [[Bracum]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3977192 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Kirchbrak''' commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. Ad Kirchbrak etiam vici, Westerbrak, Osterbrak, Breitenkamp atque Heinrichshagen pertinent. == Historia == Kirchbrak anno [[1029]] primo in actis [[Conradus II (imperator)|Conradi II]] descripta est. A die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] pars communis generalis [[Bodonis Insula-Collis|Bodonis Insulae-Collis]] est. [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] 2xs0z22dhexu9wfpa2okff9skzbkzbs 3986354 3986351 2026-09-07T11:39:05Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986354 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Bracum'''<ref name="Kirchbrak">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum terminationibus ''-ac'' aut ''-ach'' aut ''-ack'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-acum-i" aut "-achium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ac, -ach, -ack''' : -''acum,'' -''achium'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizantia suffixa formis antiquis huius toponymi "Brac" applicantur; quo de toponymo, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B77-F/NOB%20VI%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Holzminden.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''/NOB VI Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Theodericus de Brach'' (...) ''Henricus de Brach'' (...) ''Henrico de Brack'' (...) villa Brac (...)".</ref> seu '''Brachium'''<ref name="Kirchbrak"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchbrak''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kerkbraak'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. Ad Bracum etiam vici, Westerbrak, Osterbrak, Breitenkamp atque Heinrichshagen pertinent. == Historia == Bracum anno [[1029]] primo in actis [[Conradus II (imperator)|Conradi II]] descriptum est. A die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] pars communis generalis [[Bodonis Insula-Collis|Bodonis Insulae-Collis]] est. ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] te0xmq79h8wcxwyw9b116dvpxc47aub 3986358 3986354 2026-09-07T11:53:37Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Bracum'''<ref name="Kirchbrak">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum terminationibus ''-ac'' aut ''-ach'' aut ''-ack'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-acum-i" aut "-achium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ac, -ach, -ack''' : -''acum,'' -''achium'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizantia suffixa formis antiquis huius toponymi "Brac" applicantur; quo de toponymo, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B77-F/NOB%20VI%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Holzminden.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''/NOB VI Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Theodericus de Brach'' (...) ''Henricus de Brach'' (...) ''Henrico de Brack'' (...) villa Brac (...)".</ref> seu '''Brachium'''<ref name="Kirchbrak"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchbrak''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kerkbraak'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. Ad Bracum etiam vici [[Bracum (csput communis)|Bracum]]<ref name="Kirchbrak"/> (Theodisce ''Kirchbrak''), [[Bracha (Bracum)|Bracha]]<ref name="NOB">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B77-F/NOB%20VI%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Holzminden.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''/NOB VI Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villis vero Bracha'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Westerbrak''), [[Osterbracum]]<ref name="-ak">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum terminationibus ''-ac'' aut ''-ach'' aut ''-ack'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-acum-i" aut "-achium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ac, -ach, -ack''' : -''acum,'' -''achium'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizantia suffixa variationi ''-ak'' formae antiquae horum suffixorum.</ref> (Theodisce ''Osterbrak''), [[Breitencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> (Theodisce ''Breitenkamp'') atque [[Heinrichshaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Heinrichshagen'') pertinent. == Historia == Bracum anno [[1029]] primo in actis [[Conradus II (imperator)|Conradi II]] descriptum est. A die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] pars communis generalis [[Bodonis Insula-Collis|Bodonis Insulae-Collis]] est. ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] ae9i6ibbjafo9xjjr6nbk7o1lk21qol 3986359 3986358 2026-09-07T11:54:28Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Bracum'''<ref name="Kirchbrak">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum terminationibus ''-ac'' aut ''-ach'' aut ''-ack'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-acum-i" aut "-achium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ac, -ach, -ack''' : -''acum,'' -''achium'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizantia suffixa formis antiquis huius toponymi "Brac" applicantur; quo de toponymo, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B77-F/NOB%20VI%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Holzminden.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VI Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Theodericus de Brach'' (...) ''Henricus de Brach'' (...) ''Henrico de Brack'' (...) villa Brac (...)".</ref> seu '''Brachium'''<ref name="Kirchbrak"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchbrak''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kerkbraak'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|circulo Holtisminnensi]] est. Ad Bracum etiam vici [[Bracum (csput communis)|Bracum]]<ref name="Kirchbrak"/> (Theodisce ''Kirchbrak''), [[Bracha (Bracum)|Bracha]]<ref name="NOB">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B77-F/NOB%20VI%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Holzminden.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''/NOB VI Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villis vero Bracha'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Westerbrak''), [[Osterbracum]]<ref name="-ak">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum terminationibus ''-ac'' aut ''-ach'' aut ''-ack'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-acum-i" aut "-achium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ac, -ach, -ack''' : -''acum,'' -''achium'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizantia suffixa variationi ''-ak'' formae antiquae horum suffixorum.</ref> (Theodisce ''Osterbrak''), [[Breitencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> (Theodisce ''Breitenkamp'') atque [[Heinrichshaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Heinrichshagen'') pertinent. == Historia == Bracum anno [[1029]] primo in actis [[Conradus II (imperator)|Conradi II]] descriptum est. A die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2010]] pars communis generalis [[Bodonis Insula-Collis|Bodonis Insulae-Collis]] est. ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] ok8u88j0qxrefsy5xbrvy88koyx2d08 Praecompressor 0 170631 3986317 2800996 2026-09-07T06:22:31Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986317 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Praecompressor''' est [[programma computatrale]] quod res quae in fasciculis continentur alternat ut verum [[compressio sine damnatione|compressionis sine damnatione]]<!--lossless compression--> programma eventus meliores obtineat quam sine praecompressione. Hoc fieri potest per talia exemplaria facienda quae programmata compressionis agnoscant.<!--?--> <!--PLUS IN EN--> == Nexus externus == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131102082216/http://schnaader.info/precomp.html Programma praecompressorum,] schnaader.info {{tech-stipula}} [[Categoria:Compressio datorum]] fre5l6nvlo960bfbmr97ws393eaud1f Circulus terrae Northemiensis 0 170754 3986256 3984121 2026-09-06T21:47:55Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus terrae Northemiensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Northemiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Northeim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Northemiensis-e" ad urbem [[Northemium]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20250803053804/https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Northeim''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Northeim''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] anno [[1885]] conditus est. Caput circuli urbs [[Northemium]] est. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in NOM.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo terrae Northemiensi]] Circulus terrae Northemiensis a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2013]], cum [[Kreiensa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ad [[Embeca]]m urbs accessisset, 11 communia habet. Quae sunt: * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde''), oppidum * [[Calefelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Calefeldensis">"C" pro "K" ponitur propter orthographiam gentilicii "Calefeldensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Abhandlungen_zur_geologischen_Specialkarte_von_Preussen_und_den_Th%C3%BCringischen_Staaten_%28IA_abhandlungenzurg8589preu%29.pdf?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=index&utm_content=original ''Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thüringischen Staaten''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Calefeldensis'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kalefeld'') commune * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel''), urbs * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck''), commune sui iuris et urbs * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen''), urbs * [[Hardegsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hardegsen''), urbs * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] commune * [[Moringen]], commune * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]], commune * [[Northemium]], oppidum et caput circuli * [[Uslar]], oppidum ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris|Northeim]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] dtpkevst7sd6j243b4re35i2qa6n7n4 3986257 3986256 2026-09-06T21:48:15Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 /* Communia circuli */ 3986257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus terrae Northemiensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Northemiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Northeim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Northemiensis-e" ad urbem [[Northemium]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20250803053804/https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Northeim''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Northeim''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] anno [[1885]] conditus est. Caput circuli urbs [[Northemium]] est. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in NOM.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo terrae Northemiensi]] Circulus terrae Northemiensis a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2013]], cum [[Kreiensa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ad [[Embeca]]m urbs accessisset, 11 communia habet. Quae sunt: * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde''), oppidum * [[Calefelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Calefeldensis">"C" pro "K" ponitur propter orthographiam gentilicii "Calefeldensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Abhandlungen_zur_geologischen_Specialkarte_von_Preussen_und_den_Th%C3%BCringischen_Staaten_%28IA_abhandlungenzurg8589preu%29.pdf?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=index&utm_content=original ''Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thüringischen Staaten''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Calefeldensis'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kalefeld'') commune * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel''), urbs * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck''), commune sui iuris et urbs * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen''), urbs * [[Hardegsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hardegsen''), urbs * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] commune * [[Moringen]], commune * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]], commune * [[Northemium]], oppidum et caput circuli * [[Uslar]], oppidum ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris|Northeim]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] 1b0iupz1yvk6x9fbp8bkrsqpb08p27i 3986275 3986257 2026-09-06T23:21:09Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986275 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus terrae Northemiensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Northemiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Northeim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Northemiensis-e" ad urbem [[Northemium]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20250803053804/https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Northeim''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Northeim''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] anno [[1885]] conditus est. Caput circuli urbs [[Northemium]] est. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in NOM.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo terrae Northemiensi]] Circulus terrae Northemiensis a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2013]], cum [[Kreiensa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ad [[Embeca]]m urbs accessisset, 11 communia habet. Quae sunt: * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde''), oppidum * [[Calefelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Calefeldensis">"C" pro "K" ponitur propter orthographiam gentilicii "Calefeldensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Abhandlungen_zur_geologischen_Specialkarte_von_Preussen_und_den_Th%C3%BCringischen_Staaten_%28IA_abhandlungenzurg8589preu%29.pdf?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=index&utm_content=original ''Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thüringischen Staaten''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Calefeldensis'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kalefeld'') commune * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel''), urbs * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck''), commune sui iuris et urbs * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen''), urbs * [[Hardegsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hardegsen''), urbs * [[Katlenburgum-Lindavia]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Katlenburg-Lindau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Katelnborg-Lindau'') commune * [[Moringen]], commune * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]], commune * [[Northemium]], oppidum et caput circuli * [[Uslar]], oppidum ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris|Northeim]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] ab133czbhle1kyrj3w931vjs95p5wva Calefelda 0 171190 3986244 3505418 2026-09-06T21:02:47Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Kalefeld]] ad [[Calefelda]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3505418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Kalefeld Kirche Jakobus.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Iacobi]] '''Kalefeld''' oppidum [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Northeim|circuli Northeim]] est. Ad Kalefeld (1516 incolae) etiam vici Dögerode (146), Düderode (552), Eboldshausen (223), Echte (1247), Oldenrode (563), Oldershausen (227), Sebexen (931), Westerhof (513), Wiershausen (149) atque Willershausen (567) pertinent. == Historia == Saeculo 3 in agris communis magna pugna inter legiones Romanas et Germanos facta est. Kalefeld anno [[889]] primo in actis imperatoris [[Arnulphus (imperator)|Arnulphi]] descriptum est. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Die [[1 Martii]] [[1974]] vici supra descripta communi Kalefeld adiecti sunt. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] jf6fu03a8yj6axx5hnfcj5ztpi5s0eo 3986246 3986244 2026-09-06T21:07:28Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Kalefeld Kirche Jakobus.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Iacobi.]] '''Calefelda'''<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Calefeldensis">"C" pro "K" ponitur propter orthographiam gentilicii "Calefeldensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Abhandlungen_zur_geologischen_Specialkarte_von_Preussen_und_den_Th%C3%BCringischen_Staaten_%28IA_abhandlungenzurg8589preu%29.pdf?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=index&utm_content=original ''Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thüringischen Staaten''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Calefeldensis'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kalefeld'')</small> commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Northeim|circuli Northeim]] est. Ad Calefeldam (1516 incolae) etiam vici Dögerode (146), Düderode (552), Eboldshausen (223), Echte (1247), Oldenrode (563), Oldershausen (227), Sebexen (931), Westerhof (513), Wiershausen (149) atque Willershausen (567) pertinent. == Historia == Saeculo 3 in agris communis magna pugna inter legiones Romanas et Germanos facta est. Calefelda anno [[889]] primo in actis imperatoris [[Arnulphus (imperator)|Arnulphi]] descripta est. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Die [[1 Martii]] [[1974]] vici supra descripta communi Calefeldae adiecti sunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Kalefeld|Calefeldam}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] g8juhy9jcfvpl08vh9ez4iyssuz1uyq 3986254 3986246 2026-09-06T21:43:54Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986254 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Kalefeld Kirche Jakobus.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Iacobi.]] '''Calefelda'''<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Calefeldensis">"C" pro "K" ponitur propter orthographiam gentilicii "Calefeldensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Abhandlungen_zur_geologischen_Specialkarte_von_Preussen_und_den_Th%C3%BCringischen_Staaten_%28IA_abhandlungenzurg8589preu%29.pdf?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=index&utm_content=original ''Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thüringischen Staaten''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Calefeldensis'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kalefeld'')</small> commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Northeim|circuli Northeim]] est. Ad Calefeldam (1516 incolae) etiam vici [[Calefelda (caput communis)|Calefelda]]<ref name="-felda"/><ref name="Calefeldensis"/> (Theodisce et Saxonice ''Kalefeld''), [[Dogeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Dögerode'') (146), [[Duderoda]]<ref name="-roda"/> (Theodisce ''Düderode'') (552), [[Eboldshusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Eboldshausen'') (223), [[Eti]]<ref name="Eti">Vide [https://www.kalefeld.de/ortschaften/ortsteile-der-gemeinde-kalefeld/echte/?utm ''Gemeinde Kalefeld''], ubi dicitur "(...) Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung der Ortschaft Echte geschah in den Fuldaer Tradition 826, der Ort wurde Eti genannt (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Echte'') (1247), [[Oldenroda (Calefelda)|Oldenroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> (Theodisce ''Oldenrode'') (563), [[Oldershusa (Calefelda)|Oldershusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Oldershausen'') (227), [[Sibethse]]<ref name="Sibethse">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/sebexen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa, que dicitur Sibethse'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Sebexen'') (931), [[Westerhofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Westerhof''; Saxonice ''Westerhoff'') (513), [[Wiershusa (Calefelda)|Wiershusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Wiershausen'') (149) atque [[Willershusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Willershausen'') (567) pertinent. == Historia == Saeculo 3 in agris communis magna pugna inter legiones Romanas et Germanos facta est. Calefelda anno [[889]] primo in actis imperatoris [[Arnulphus (imperator)|Arnulphi]] descripta est. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Die [[1 Martii]] [[1974]] vici supra descripta communi Calefeldae adiecti sunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Kalefeld|Calefeldam}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] 5qk0a6ez4e4ku55oxncqylrbda74pv0 Katlenburgum-Lindavia 0 171213 3986268 3505419 2026-09-06T22:56:37Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] ad [[Katlenburgum-Lindavia]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3505419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:LINDAU Marktplatz.jpg|thumb|left|Forum oppidi Lindau]] '''Katlenburg-Lindau''' oppidum [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Northeim|circuli Northeim]] est. Commune ex his vicis et oppidis constat: Berka, Elvershausen, Gillersheim, Katlenburg, Lindau, Suterode atque Wachenhausen. == Historia == Die [[1 Martii]] [[1974]] Katlenburg-Lindau commune e supra dictis vicis et oppidis condita est. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1974]] 86sx6y98shclb3ub587norm1drvwa90 3986274 3986268 2026-09-06T23:18:52Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:LINDAU Marktplatz.jpg|thumb|left|Forum vici Lindaviae.]] '''Katlenburgum-Lindavia'''<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Katlenburg-Lindau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Katelnborg-Lindau'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus terrae Northemiensis|circuli Northemiensis]] est. Commune ex vicis [[Barke|Barki]]<ref name="Barke">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B75-4/NOB%20V%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Northeim.pdf?utm ''NOB V Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Northeim''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Barke'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Berka''), [[Elvershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Elvershausen''), [[Gillershemium|Gillershemio]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Gillersheim''), [[Katlenburgum|Katlenburgo]]<ref name="-burg"/> (Theodisce ''Katlenburg''), [[Lindavia (Katlenburgum-Lindavia)|Lindavia]]<ref name="-avia"/> (Theodisce ''Lindau''), [[Suteroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Suterode'') atque [[Wachenhusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Wachenhausen'') constat. == Historia == Die [[1 Martii]] [[1974]] Katlenburgum-Lindavia commune e supra dictis vicis condita est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Katlenburg-Lindau|Katlenburgum-Lindaviam}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1974]] 58nnkg1nhkrwksjjylde0sfsnrm5584 Circulus Gottingae 0 171434 3986153 3986119 2026-09-06T12:10:44Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986153 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Gottingae'''<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Göttingen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] '' Landkreis Chöttingen''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] est [[Gottinga]]. == Historia == Circulus Gottingae anno [[1885]] constitutus est. Anno [[1945]] ad terram Hannoveram transiit, ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. Anno 2012 disputabatur, an circulus cum finitimis [[Circulus terrae Northemiensis|Northemiensi]] et [[Circulus Osteroda ad Harthicos montes|Osteroda]] coniungendus esset. Postquam Northeim e actionibus se recessit, consilium circuli Gottingae die [[6 Martii]] [[2013]] constituit, ut cum solo circulo Osteroda circulus Gottingae coniungendus sit<ref>[http://www.landkreis-goettingen.de/pics/medien/1_1362642492/2013_03_06_EILMELDUNG_Kreistag_beschliesst_Fusion.pdf Nuntius circuli Gottingae die 6 Martii 2013 promulgata]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Die [[1 Novembris]] [[2016]] Osteroda ad Gottingam circulum adiuncta est<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161101125654/http://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/niedersachsen/braunschweig_harz_goettingen/Landkreise-Osterode-und-Goettingen-fusionieren,kreisfusion160.html ndr.de die 1 Novembris 2016]</ref>. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities_in_GÖ-2016.svg|300px|right|Communia in Circulo Gottingae]] Circulus Gottingensis 39 communia habet, quae maxima parte ad "communia generalia" (Theodisce "Samtgemeinden") coniuncta sunt. Haec sunt: * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'') (6449 incolae) * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> (Theodisce: ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz''), commune sui iuris et urbs (11.080 incolae) * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'') oppidum (13.381) * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'') (21.609) * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedland]]<ref name="Friedland">Theodiscum toponymum ''Friedland' in Latinam "Friedlandia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Friedland'') (11.395) * [[Gleicha]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gleichen'') (9163) * [[Gottinga]] (''Göttingen'', 121.364) * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'') (8824) * [[Hertzberga ad Harthicos montes]], urbs (13.573) * [[Mundia Hannoverana]]<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana">Vide [https://spatial.demo.geocode.earth/explore/place/wof/101810167?utm ''Geocode Earth''], ubi dicitur "(...) LAT preferred '''Mundia Hannoverana''' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hann. Münden'' seu ''Hannoversch Münden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannöversch Münnen''), urbs (24.390) * [[Osteroda ad Harthicos montes]] (''Osterode am Harz''), urbs (22.987) * [[Rosdorf]] (12.005) * [[Sathsa]] vel '''Aquae Sathsieneses''' (''Bad Sachsa''), urbs (7634) * [[Staufenberg]] (8080) * [[Walkenried]] (4666) * [[Gieboldehusa (commune generale)|Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'') commune generale (13.890) ** [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'') (2348) ** [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'') (767) ** [[Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'') oppidum (3944) ** [[Krebeck]] (1116) ** [[Obernfeld]] (972) ** [[Rhumspringe]] (1883) ** [[Rollshausen]] (901) ** [[Rüdershausen]] (868) ** [[Wollbrandshausen]] (612) ** [[Wollershausen]] (479) * [[Radolfshausen (commune generale)|Radolfshausen]], commune generale (7282) ** [[Ebergötzen]] (1790) ** [[Landolfshausen]] (1132) ** [[Seeburg]] (1601) ** [[Seulingen]] (1369) ** [[Waake]] (1390) * [[Hattorpium ad Harthicos Montes (commune generale)|Hattorpium ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hattorf am Harz'') (commune generale) (7606) ** [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'') (417) ** [[Hattorpium ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hattorf am Harz'') (4177) ** [[Horda ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hörden am Harz'') (1078) ** [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] (1934) * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia (commune generale)|Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld''), commune generale (9158) ** [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'') (527) ** [[Iuniun]]<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''], ubi dicitur "(...) 960 Iuniun (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) Johan de June (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jühnde'') (1062) ** [[Niemetal]] (1596) ** [[Scheden]] (1963) ** [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'') urbs (4010) == Coniunctiones pagorum == Circulus Gottingensis coniunctiones cum aliis pagis Europae habet: * [[Stegelicium-Zelendorfium]], ab anno 1962) * [[Stroud]] ([[Glocestria]]), ab anno [[1951]] * [[Surisna]] (praefectura [[Alta Sequanae]]), ab anno [[1959]] * [[Hackney (Londinium)|Hackney]] ([[Londinium]]), ab anno [[1973]] * [[Albensis Comitatus]] ([[Hungaria]]), ab anno [[2000]] {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Notae == <references /> {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gottingae circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] 0guz3zl2oe2lkosphymhqlbifaofhax Mundia Hannoverana 0 172074 3986241 3985035 2026-09-06T20:46:39Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 3 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Tillyschanzenpanorama2012-09-01.jpg|thumb|left|Aspectus urbis Mundiae Hannoveranae anno 2012.]] '''Mundia Hannoverana'''<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana">Vide [https://spatial.demo.geocode.earth/explore/place/wof/101810167?utm ''Geocode Earth''], ubi dicitur "(...) LAT preferred '''Mundia Hannoverana''' (...)".</ref> seu '''Gimundi'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> seu '''Gemundi'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> seu '''Munda'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hann. Münden'' seu ''Hannoversch Münden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannöversch Münnen'') est commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Gottingae|Circulo Gottingae]]. Ad Mundiam Hannoveranam etiam pertinent vici intra [[Urbs Nuclearis (Mundia Hannoverana)|Urbem Nuclearem]]<ref name="Kernstadt">Latinus neologismus "urbs nuclearis" Theodiscum vocabulum ''Kernstadt'' vertit. [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Kern?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Kern'' Latino adiectivo "nuclearis-e"] et [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Stadt?wb=gross&nr=2 Theodiscum suffixum ''-stadt'' Latino nomine ''urbs urbis''] vertitur.</ref> [[Blomena]]<ref name="Blomena">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) BLUME (Stadt Münden) 1329 ''molendinum aput Blomena'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Blume''); [[Collis Cattorum]]<ref>''Kattenbühl'' interpretari licet "Collis Cattorum". Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bühl'' et suae antiquae formae ''buhil, puhil'' enim significat ''Hügel, Anhöhe'' atque in glossariis latinis redditur "collis, clivus, acervus, agger"; cf. A. L. Lloyd – R. Lühr – O. Springer, ''Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen'', II, s. v. buhil, puhil. Theodiscum vocabulum ''Katze'' autem ad formas antiquas ''kazza'' et ''kazzo'' refertur, quibus in glossis Latinis respondet "cattus"; cf. Gerhard Köbler, ''Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch'', s. v. ''kazza, kazzo''. Quare, si ''Katten-'' in hoc loco ad nomen ''Katze'' pertinet, Latinum syntagma "Collis Cattorum" sensum nominis Theodisci apte reddit.</ref> (Theodisce ''Kattenbühl''); [[Hermannshaga]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Hermannshagen''); [[Mundia Antiqua]]<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana"/><ref name="Alt">Theodiscum praefixum ''Alt-'' [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/antiquus?wb=gross&nr=1 Latino adiectivo "antiquus-a-um"] vertitur.</ref> (Theodisce ''Altmünden''); [[Mundia Nova]]<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana"/><ref name="Neu">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/novus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Neu-'' Latino adiectivo "novus-a-um"] vertitur.</ref> (Theodisce ''Neumünden''); atque [[Urbs Interior (Mundia Hannoverana)|Urbs Interior]]<ref name="Urbs">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/urbs?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum suffixum ''-stadt'' Latino vocabulo "urbs urbis" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Interior">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/interior?wb=gross&nr=2 Theodiscum praefixum ''Innen-'' Latino adiectivo "interior-ius" vertitur.]</ref> (Theodisce ''Innenstadt'');. Et etiam pertinent ad Mundiam vici extra Urbem Nuclearem<ref name="Kernstadt"/> (Theodisce ''Ortsteile'') [[Bonnafordia]]<ref name="Bonaforth">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-fort'' seu ''-ford'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-fordia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ford, -fort''' : -''fordia'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum antiquam ad formam Theodiscam ''Bonnafort'' applicatur. Qua de forma, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) BONAFORTH (Stadt Münden) (...) 1791 ''Bonnafort'' (Scharf, Samlungen II S. 30) 1823 ''Bonnafort'' (Ubbelohde, Repertorium 2. Abt. S. 22) (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bonaforth''); [[Gimta]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Gimte'') cum [[villagium|villagio]] [[Hildewardensis Ecclesia|Hildewardensi Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> (Theodisce ''Hilwartshausen''); [[Hatheminne]]<ref name="Hatheminne">Vide Stumpf, ''Acta Maguntina'', ubi dicitur "(...) ad aquam Hatheminne (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Hedemünden''); [[Hemlion]]<ref name="Hemlion">Vide [https://www.hann.muenden.de/Meine-Stadt/Ortschaften/Ortschaft-Hemeln/ ''Ortschaft Hemeln''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Frankenkaiser Ludwig der Fromme schenkte im Jahr 834 "Hemlion" dem Kloster Corvey (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Hemeln'') cum villagiis [[Bursfeldia]]<ref name="Bursfeldia">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) BURSFELDE (Stadt Münden) (...) 1497 ''Bursfeldia'' (Negotium monasterii Steynensis S. 206) (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bursfelde'') atque [[Vitrarium (Mundia Hannoverana)|Vitrario]]<ref name="Vitrarium">Theodiscum vocabulum ''Glashütte'' Latino "vitrarium-i" vertitur. Qua de re, vide ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano, s.v. ''Glashütte''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Glashütte''); [[Laubacum (Mundia Hannoverana)|Laubacum]]<ref name="-bacum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-bach'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bacum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Forbacum]], [[Gengenbacum]], [[Lambacum]], [[Muorbacum]], [[Orbacum]], [[Rohrbacum]], [[Rosbacum]], [[Rubeacum]], [[Solisbacum]], [[Swabacum]], [[Abacum (Germania)|Abacum]], [[Brubacum]], [[Corbacum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Laubach''); [[Lippoldshusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Lippoldshausen''); [[Mielenhusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Mielenhausen''); [[Oberoda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Oberode''); [[Volkmarshusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Volkmarshausen''); atque [[Wiershusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Wiershausen''). Mundia in extremo meridionali parte huius terrae sita est. Ibi flumina [[Fuldaha]] [[Verra]]que ad amnem [[Visurgis|Visurgem]] se coniungunt. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Münden 1584 Franz Hogenberg, 1.jpg|thumb|left|Mundia anno 1584 depicta.]] Quando urbs condita sit, nescimus. Anno [[1187]] in actis primo descripta iam urbs nominata est. Ab anno [[1807]] Mundia pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Annis [[1815]] - [[1866]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], deinde ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Incolae urbis illustres == * [[Ioannes Andreas Eisenbarth]], medicus ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Hann. Münden|Mundiam Hannoveranam}} * [http://www.hann.muenden.de Pagina urbis Mundiae Hannoveranae (lingua Theodisca)] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Urbes hanseaticae]] hkf9l9sfoxha0oxteok7v3liyvdytl3 Thransfellensis Ecclesia (commune generale) 0 172498 3986150 3986117 2026-09-06T12:05:08Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Thransfellensis Ecclesia'''<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'') est commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Gottingae|Circulo Gottingae]]. == Historia == Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1973]] Thransfellensis Ecclesia commune constitutum est. E communibus [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren''; 527 incolae), urbe [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'') (4010), [[Iuniun]]e<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Cunradus de Berleibisin'' (...) 960 ''Iuniun'' (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) ''Johan de June'' (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jühnde'') (1062), [[Niemetal]] (1596) atque [[Scheden]] (1963) constat. In Dransfeld sedes administrationis est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Dransfeld|Dransfeld}} * [http://www.dransfeld.de Pagina communis generalis Dransfeld (lingua Theodisca)] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1973]] 8681lk5i0f6edpve20r1yghml5vr015 Iuniun 0 172794 3986149 3986140 2026-09-06T12:03:49Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986149 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Jühnde vom Gaußturm.jpg|thumb|left|Aspectus Iuniunis.]] '''Iuniun'''<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Cunradus de Berleibisin'' (...) 960 ''Iuniun'' (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) ''Johan de June'' (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref> seu '''Iune'''<ref name="Iunium"/> seu '''Iunen'''<ref name="Iunium"/> seu '''Iuhnda'''<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jühnde'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Gottingae|Circulo Gottingae]]. Ad Iuniun etiam vici [[Berleibisin]]<ref name="Iunium"/> (Theodisce ''Barlissen'') et [[Iuniun (caput communis)|Iuniun]]<ref name="Iunium"/> (Theodisce ''Jühnde'') pertinent. == Historia == Iuniun anno [[960]] primo in actis imperatoris [[Otto I (imperator)|Ottonis I]] descriptum est. Ab anno [[1973]] ad [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia (commune generale)|Thransfellensem Ecclesiam]] commune generale pertinet. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Jühnde|Iuniun}} * [http://www.juehnde.de Pagina communis Iuniunis (Theodisce)] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Juehnde}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] dm47tbuixujxz8089wjpvv2rgbapdnr Brahman (tribus) 0 178324 3986238 3783893 2026-09-06T20:16:33Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3986238 wikitext text/x-wiki {{videhom|Brahma|Brahman (philosophia)}} '''Brahman''' vel '''bracman'''<ref>[[Sidonius Apollinaris]], ''Epistulae'' VIII.3.4: ''Indorumque bracmanas''.</ref> (-anis)<ref>[http://books.google.at/books?id=6I65BtbOpe4C&pg=PA23&lpg=PA23&dq=Brahmanes+vocantur&source=bl&ots=CeGtz8S2Hr&sig=6NJ-P_psEqhnzOAB09R7hr2qIDM&hl=de&sa=X&ei=bTMrUbXGFeuL4gSNkYA4&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Brahmanes%20&f=false Sidharubam seu Grammatica Samscrdamica ... (Romae 1791)]</ref> ([[lingua Sanscritica|Sanscritice]] ब्राह्मण, {{IAST|brāhmaṇa}}) est homo de suprema [[systema tribuum (India)|tribu]] sive classi societatis [[India|Indicae]] antiquitus traditae. In [[Induismus|Induismo]] Brahmanum est [[Vedi|Vedos]] docere et vitam sapientium agere; usque ad hunc diem plurimi [[sacerdos|sacerdotes]] Brahmanes sunt. Itaque olim "Brahman" etiam nomen religionis honorarium erat. In [[India]] hodierna quamvis vitae condicionem sequuntur. == Bibliographia == * Gilles Chuyen: ''Who is a Brahmin? The politics of identity in India''; Manohar Publ., Novi Dellii 2004; ISBN 81-7304-603-4. * Surendranath N. Dasgupta: ''Indische Mystik'' („Hindu mysticism“); Editio Adyar, Satteldorf 1998; ISBN 3-927837-64-4. == Nexus externi == * Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo: [http://books.google.at/books?id=urpMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA221&lpg=PA221&dq=brahmani+vocantur&source=bl&ots=aaGroWqrSl&sig=53sNoHVmToQek36JGKNMGfvO1vU&hl=de&sa=X&ei=aTQrUYLnL_KK4gSOmYC4DQ&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=tribus&f=false Systema Brahmanicum liturgicum, mythologicum, civile (Romae 1791)] * Martin Haug: [http://www.archive.org/stream/brahmaunddie00haugrich/brahmaunddie00haugrich_djvu.txt ''Brahma und die Brahmanen. Vortrag in der öffentlichen Sitzung der k. Akademie der Wissenschaften am 28. März 1871 zur Feier ihres einhundert und zwölften Stiftungstages''] (Theodisce) == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> [[Categoria:Hinduismus]] [[Categoria:Religio Buddhistica]] [[Categoria:India]] 1d9df0xp31jg2c5vzbs1wiklt65n7pp Atherina breviceps 0 179280 3986161 2526950 2026-09-06T12:43:57Z IacobusAmor 1163 +Categoria:Species animalium &c. 3986161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Atherina breviceps'' | image = | status = NE | status_system = IUCN3.1 | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Actinopterygii]] | ordo = [[Atheriniformes]] | familia = [[Atherinidae]] | genus = ''[[Atherina]]'' | species = '''''A. breviceps''''' | binomial = ''Atherina breviceps'' | binomial_authority = [[Achilles Valenciennes|Valenciennes]], [[1835]] | synonyms = * ''Atherina parvipinnis'' Valenciennes, 1835 * ''Hepsetia breviceps'' (Valenciennes, 1835) }} '''''Atherina breviceps''''' est [[species]] [[piscis|piscium]] [[mare|marinorum]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Atherinidae|Atherinadarum]]. In [[aqua|aquis]] [[aqua amara|amara]]-[[aqua dulcis|dulci]] et pelagica-neritica in [[subtropica|subtropicis]] [[habitatio|habitat]], longe lateque diffusa in [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Oceano Atlantico]], a [[Lüderitz]] in [[Namibia]] ad [[Natalia (Africa Australis)|Nataliam]] [[septentrio]]nalem [[Africa Australis|Africae Australis]]. Species usque ad 11 [[centimetrum|centimetra]] longa crescit. ==Nexus externus== * {{FishBase species |genus= Atherina|species= breviceps| month = [[Iunius]] | year = [[2012]]}} {{atheriniformes-stipula}} [[Categoria:Atherinidae]] [[Categoria:Pisces Oceani Atlantici]] [[Categoria:Species animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Valenciennes]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1835]] tsfxh5na1n1qzn876f3tlrb0ef6werf Rapport 0 183596 3986323 3644265 2026-09-07T09:55:10Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986323 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Rapport''''' ([[Suecice]]; scilicet "relatio" vel "renuntiatio") est unus a ''[[Sveriges Television]]'', abbreviatum ''SVT'' (Latine "Sueciae televisio"), [[programma nuntiorum|programmate nuntiorum]], et maximus<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131104074909/http://pcforalla.idg.se/2.1054/1.164956 Rapport sänder nyheter dygnet runt] ''PC för alla'' 2008-06-06</ref>. [[Martela]] in [[natio]]nem [[Suecia]]m et in linguam Suecicam emissus est, et primum emissus est die [[5 Decembris]] [[1969]] et etiamnunc hodierno emissu est. == Animatores programmatis == ;Praesentes * [[Catharina Sandström]] * [[Elisabetha Åkerman]] * [[Fredericus Skillemar]] * [[Linda Nilarve]] ;Priores * [[Georgius Ågren]] * [[Nicolaus Elfsberg]] <br /> <br /> :<small>NOTA</small> : <small>Index tamen incohata.</small> == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.svt.se/rapport Situs officialis] in ''[[Sveriges Television|SVT]]'' * [http://www.svtplay.se/ ''SVT Play''], situs ''SVT'' martelarum et programmata nuntiorum quo ''Rapport'' spectari potest {{cine-stipula}} [[Categoria:Retia televisifica]] [[Categoria:Suecia]] ix1ukkgy8zfouwn8ggnvfv6rbkns3hg Matrimonium hominum eiusdem sexus 0 184769 3986213 3863737 2026-09-06T17:17:14Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986213 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-2}} [[File:World_marriage-equality laws.svg|thumb|upright=2|{{Legend|#025|Matrimonium hominum eiusdem sexus}}]] '''Matrimonium hominum eiusdem [[sexus]]''' est [[matrimonium]] vel [[coniugium]] [[duo|binorum]] [[vir]]orum vel binarum [[mulier]]um. Hodie saepe [[iura humana|ius]] [[homophylophilia]]e putatur, et nonnullae<!--Textus dixit "quindecim," sed vide indicem--> [[civitas|civitates]] hoc legibus admittunt. == Historia matrimonii hominum eiusdem sexus == [[Fasciculus:Weddinginholland.jpg|thumb|Nuptiae in Nederlandia anno 2001.]] {{vide-etiam|Nuptiae Romanae inter duos viros celebratae}} Ante [[saeculum 21|saeculum vicensimum unum]], [[religio]]nis causa, multae civitates relationem homophylophiliae ipsam peccatum vel scelus putavit, at hodie [[tolerantia]]e et [[dignitas|dignitatis humanae]] causa, [[Unio Europaea]], quaedam [[civitas sui iuris|civitates]] in [[America]] et alibi, plurimaeque [[Civitatum Foederatarum civitas|civitates]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[discriminatio|distinctionem]] ex [[propensio sexualis|propensione sexuali]] prohibent.<ref>[[Charta iurum fundamentalium Unionis Europaeae]], articulo XXI.</ref> Igitur adhuc nunc sunt civitates quae matrimonium hominum eiusdem sexus [[lex|legitime]] spondeant: {{div col|cols=2}} *[[Nederlandia]] (anno 2001) *[[Belgica]] (anno 2003) *[[Hispania]] (anno 2005) *[[Canada]] (anno 2005) *[[Africa Australis]] (anno 2006) *[[Norvegia]] (anno 2009) *[[Suecia]] (anno 2009) *[[Portugallia]] (anno 2010) *[[Islandia]] (anno 2010)<ref>Apud legem, [[Iohanna Sigridis filia]] prima [[dux rectionis]] quae inter duas mulierem nupsit.</ref> *[[Argentina]] (anno 2010) *[[Dania]] (anno 2012) *[[Brasilia]] (anno 2013)<ref>Die [[14 Maii]] Iudicium supremum rem a sententia admisit et die 16 Maii rectio hoc legislavit.</ref> *[[Francia]] (anno 2013)<ref>Die [[17 Maii]] Consilium constitutionis Rei publicae legem novam quae "matrimonium pro omnibus" ([[Francogallice]] ''Mariage pour tous'') admisit et [[Franciscus Hollande]] hanc signavit.</ref> *[[Uraquaria]] (anno 2013) *[[Nova Zelandia]] (anno 2013) *[[Anglia]] et [[Cambria]] ex [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britanniarum Regno]] (anno 2014) *[[Scotia]] ex [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britanniarum Regno]] (anno 2014) *[[Luxemburgum]]<ref>[[Parlamentum]] matrimonium aequum die 18 Iunii 2014 admisit, lex nova in actione ab die 1 Ianuarii 2015.</ref> (anno 2015) *[[Hibernia (res publica)|Hibernia]]<ref>[[Comitia]] nationalis de [[constitutio]]nis die [[22 Maii]] 2015 fuit de qua circa 62[[per centum|%]] populi pro sunt, quod "conditio matrimonii est inter duos homines super sexum".</ref> (anno 2015) *[[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] (anno 2015)<ref>Die [[26 Iunii]] 2015, [[Iudicium Summum Civitatum Foederatarum]] omnes civitates matrimonium hominum eiusdem sexus admitere iudicat.</ref> *[[Columbia]] (Anno 2016) *[[Finnia]]<ref>Parlamentum Finnicum die 28 Novembris 2014 matrimonium aequum admisit, sed lex demum die 1 Martii 2017 in actione erat.</ref> (anno 2017) *[[Germania]]<ref>[[Dieta foederalis Germaniae]] die [[30 Iunii]] 2017 per suffragium legatibus matrimonium aequum admisit.</ref> (anno 2017) *[[Melita (res publica)|Melita]]<ref>Die [[12 Iulii]] 2017 per suffragium legatibus Parlamenti rem admisit et die [[1 Augusti]] praeses Melitae signavit.</ref> (anno 2017) *[[Australia]] (anno 2017)<ref>Die [[7 Decembris]] [[2017]] Parlamentum legem de matrimorio de conditione mutare admisit.</ref> *[[Austria]] (anno 2019)<ref>Apud [[iudicium]] Constitutionis mense Decembris anno 2017</ref> *[[Taivania]] (anno 2019)<ref>Parlamentum Taivanense die 17 Maii 2019 matrimonium hominum eiusdem sexus admisit, et lex a die 24 Maii 2019 in actione est.</ref> *[[Aequatoria]] (anno 2019)<ref>Apud [[iudicium]] supremum mense Iuniis anno 2019</ref> *[[Costarica]] (anno 2020)<ref>Ab legislatione die [[26 Maii]] [[2020]] apud iudicum anno 2018</ref> *[[Helvetia]] (anno 2021)<ref>Apud referendum civile die [[26 Septembris]] anno 2021</ref> *[[Chilia]] (anno 2022)<ref>Ab legislatione die [[10 Martii]] anno 2022</ref> *[[Helvetia]] (anno 2022)<ref>Apud referendum [[Pagi Helvetiae|pagis Helvetiae]] die [[1 Iulii]] anno 2022</ref> *[[Slovenia]] (anno 2022)<ref>Apud iudicium [[constitutio]]nale die [[8 Iulii]] anno 2022</ref> *[[Cuba]] (anno 2022)<ref>Ab leggislatione die [[27 Septembris]] anno 2022</ref> *[[Andorra]] (anno 2023)<ref>Ab legislatione die [[18 Februarii]] anno 2023</ref> *[[Nepalia]] (anno 2023)<ref>Apud iudicium suprerum die [[28 Iunii]] anno 2023</ref> *[[Estonia]] (anno 2024)<ref>Ab die 1 Ianuarii anno 2024 sub legistatione signata ab [[Alar Karis]].</ref> *[[Graecia]] (anno 2024)<ref>Ab comitia parlamenti die 15 Februarii anno 2024</ref> *[[Thailandia]] (anno 2024)<ref>Ab comitia parlamenti die [[18 Iunii]] anno 2024</ref> *[[Lichtenstenum]] (anno 2025)<ref>Ab comitia parlamenti die [[16 Maii]] anno 2024</ref> {{div col end}} == Matrimonium hominum eiusdem sexus in religione == Multae religiones matrimonio hominum eiusdem sexus repugnant. [[Matrimonium#Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Matrimonium in Ecclesia Catholica Romana]] foedus unius viri unius mulierisque est, sed tolerantiam a ''[[Fiducia supplicans|Fiducia supplicante]]'' anno [[2023]] declaravit. Tamen nonnullae ecclesiae christianae et aliae communiones religiosae matrimonia etiam inter homines eiusdem sexus celebrant, velut [[Ecclesia Episcopalis|Ecclesia Episcopalis in Civitatibus Foederatis Americae]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190106160330/https://www.episcopalchurch.org/page/lgbt-church The Episcopal Church - LGBTQ in the Church]</ref>, Ecclesiae [[Lutheranismus|Lutheranae]] in [[Dania]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20181205224126/http://nyheder.tv2.dk/article.php/id-50947219%3Afolketinget-vedtager-kirkelige-. TV2: Folketinget vedtager homovielser]</ref>, [[Norvegia]]<ref>[https://www.aftenposten.no/norge/i/RxwrJ2/Hver-fjerde-homovielse-i-fjor-skjedde-i-kirken Aftenposten: Hver fjerde homovielse i fjor skjedde i kirken]</ref>, [[Suecia]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190322150435/https://www.svenskakyrkan.se/samkonade-aktenskap Svenska kyrkan: Samkönade äktenskap]</ref> et [[Rhenania]]<ref>[https://www.ekir.de/www/mobile/glauben/trauung-gleichgeschlechtlicher-paare-20197.php EKiR: Trauung gleichgeschlechtlicher Paare]</ref> et nonnulli gregi [[Buddhismus|Buddhistici]]<ref>[https://tricycle.org/trikedaily/big-gay-history-same-sex-marriage-sangha/ Trike Daily: A Big Gay History of Same-sex Marriage in the Sangha]</ref> et [[Religio Iudaica|Iudaici]]<ref>[https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/judaism-and-the-lgbtq-community-an-overview/ My Jewish Learning: Judaism and LGBTQ Issues: An Overview]</ref>. {{NexInt}} *[[Aequalitas ante legem]] *[[Declaratio Montis Regii]] *[[LGBT]] *[[Status liberorum parentum eiusdem sexus]] *[[Unio civilis]] *[[Yogyakartae Principia]] == Notae == <references /> {{Formula:LGBT}} [[Categoria:Coniugium]] [[Categoria:Homosexualitas]] [[Categoria:LGBT]] [[Categoria:Iura humana]] ocz6zmyyke7iy75534se7om7os9o3l8 Les Riceys 0 187767 3986151 3429475 2026-09-06T12:09:09Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986151 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Blason Les Riceys.svg |thumb|250px|Les Riceys: [[vexillum]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 10317.png|left|thumb|250px| Les Riceys: communis tabula]] ''' Les Riceys ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'349 incolarum (anno [[2010]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Alba (praefectura Franciae)|Albae]] in provincia [[Campania et Arduenna]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Albae|Indicem communium praefecturae Albae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat| Les Riceys | Les Riceys }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130621032006/http://lesriceys-champagne.com/ Les Riceys pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|10317|de=Les Riceys}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Albulae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Albulae]] 43irjcbf8z1jn0qt63ogl9mrc9n2rvx Prisciniacus 0 188609 3986320 3430906 2026-09-07T06:48:59Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986320 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Prisciniacus''' ([[Francogallice]] ''Le Grand-Pressigny'' ) est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'012 incolarum (anno [[2009]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Andra et Liger|Andrae et Ligeris]] in provincia [[Centrum (regio Franciae)|media]]. == Bibliographia == * Marie-Christine Lacroix, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20190530135747/http://a2t.univ-tours.fr/pdf/RACF_suppl53_AAT-160.pdf Le Grand-Pressigny, le site castral]" (2010) in ''Atlas archéologique de Touraine'' {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Andrae et Ligeris]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Le Grand-Pressigny|Prisciniacus}} {{Fontes geographici}} * [http://www.le-grand-pressigny.net/ Prisciniacus pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ingeris et Ligeris]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ingeris et Ligeris]] i2sg5ahl3bji505efj11u7ra232v82x Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis 0 198188 3986267 3985941 2026-09-06T22:44:42Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986267 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in DAN.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|Communia in circulo Luchoviensi et Danebergensi.]] '''Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Luchoviensis-e" et "Danebergensis" ad [[Luchovia]]m et [[Daneberga]]m repective referuntur. Primo de toponymo, vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)"; et secundo de toponymo, vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[Polabice]] ''Vokres Ljauchüw-Wajdars''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1932]] e circulis Luchoviensi et Dannenbergensi consociatis conditus est. Ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit, et ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] circuli est [[Luchovia]]. == Historia == Ager circuli fuit pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1867]] magnus circulus Danenbergensis conditus est, sed anno [[1885]] in circulos Luchoviam et Danebergam divisus est. Anno [[1932]] iterum coniunctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Coniunctiones == Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis duas coniunctiones habet, cum * [[Stegelicium-Zelendorfium|Stegelicio-Zelendorfio]] regione [[Berolinum|Berolini]] ab anno [[1979]], tum cum Stegelicio regione * [[Powiat Obornicki]] ([[Polonia]], ab anno 2001) == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae omnes ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') commune generale (3700) ** [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') oppidum (1362) ** [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') (634) ** [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'') (645) ** [[Prezelle]] (473) ** [[Schnackenburg]], oppidum (586) * [[Luchovia (Vandalia)|Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'') commune generale (24.675) ** [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'') (1589) ** [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'') oppidum (2446) ** [[Küsten]] (1362) ** [[Lemgow]] (1408) ** [[Lübbow]] (836) ** [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw''), urbs et sedes administrationis (9401) ** [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] (634) ** [[Schnega]] (1354) ** [[Trebel]] (953) ** [[Waddeweitz]] (906) ** [[Woltersdorf]] (939) ** [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)|Wustrow]], oppidum (2847) * [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Prata Albis]]<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale (20.707 incolae) ** [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317) ** [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars''), urbs (8081) ** [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635) ** [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'') (1225) ** [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci''), urbs (4933) ** [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'') (1071) ** [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'') (742) ** [[Langendorf]] (719) ** [[Neu Darchau]] (1396) ** [[Zernien]] (1588) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circulum Luchoviensem et Danebergensem}} * [http://www.luechow-dannenberg.de/ Situs interretialis circuli proprius.] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Luechow-Dannenberg circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1932]] lr1pehspwbd81w0oqn7jt7c31erfj3x Prata Albis (commune generale) 0 198193 3986266 3985940 2026-09-06T22:41:42Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Prata Albis'''<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Prata Albis communia [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317 incolae), [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'') urbs (8081, sedes administrationis), [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635), [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'') (1225), [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci'') (4933), [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'') (1071), [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'') (742), [[Langendorf]] (719), [[Neu Darchau]] (1396) atque [[Zernien]] (1588) pertinent. == Historia == Commune generale Prata Albis anno [[2006]] e communibus generalis Dannenbergae<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> et Hitgerae<ref name="Graesse"/> constitutum est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.elbtalaue.de/ Pagina Communis generalis Pratorum Albis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 2006]] eti17eow95h5gpn393391qq6fbwrt0p Gusbornium 0 198241 3986258 3984117 2026-09-06T22:01:44Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gusborn Quickborn - Windmühle 01 ies.jpg|thumb|left|Molae ventis in vico Quickborn.]] '''Gusbornium'''<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-born(e)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> seu '''Gusborna'''<ref name="-borna">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-born(e)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-borna-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Paderbronna|Paderborna]], [[Sherborna]], [[Herborna]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Gusbornium vici [[Gusbornium Maius]]<ref name="-bornium"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> (Theodisce ''Groß Gusborn'') (circa 340 incolae); [[Gusbornium Minus]]<ref name="-bornium"/><ref name="KleinGrosse"/> (Theodisce ''Klein Gusborn'') (350); [[Quickbornium]]<ref name="-bornium"/> (Theodisce ''Quickborn'') (400); [[Siema]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> (Theodisce ''Siemen'') (120); [[Sipnicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Sipnitz'') (20); atque [[Zadravia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Zadrau'') (120) cum locis habitatis [[Domus saltuarii|Domo Saltuarii]]<ref>Vide ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo, s.v. ''Forsthaus''.</ref> [[Domus Saltuarii Seybruchensis|Seybruchensi]]<ref>Latinum gentilicium "Seybruchensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponymum ''Seybruch'' refert.</ref> (Theodisce ''Forsthaus Seybruch'') et [[Aula Wulfsahlensis]]<ref>[Theodiscum vocabulum ''Hof'' Latino "aula-ae" vertitur. Latinum autem gentilicium "Wulfsahlensis" ad Theodiscum toponymum ''Wulfsahl'' refert.</ref> (Theodisce ''Hof Wulfsahl'') pertinent. Gusbornium pars communis generalis [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] est. == Historia == Gusbornium ab anno [[1671]] pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Gusbornium ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[2006]] pars [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] vici supra dicti ad Gusbornium adiuncti sunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Gusborn|Gusbornium}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140131224103/http://www.elbtalaue.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-5934/ Pagina communis generalis Pratorum Albis de Gusbornio scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] axy1bviu9m9k6vvmks1q49x4hyv49lm Karwicium 0 198261 3986259 3979481 2026-09-06T22:03:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Karwitz]] ad [[Karwicium]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3979481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Karwitz''' commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circuli Lüchow-Dannenberg]] est. Ad Karwitz vici Dragahn, Gamehlen, Karwitz, Lenzen (caput communis), Nausen, Thunpadel atque Pudripp pertinent. Karwitz pars communis generalis [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] est. == Historia == Karwitz ab anno [[1671]] pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducatu a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Karwitz ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[2006]] pars [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] vici supra dicti ad Karwitz adiuncti sunt. == Nexus externi == {{commonscat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170426061219/http://www.elbtalaue.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-5936/ Pagina communis generalis Pratorum Albis de Karwitz scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] jdy24hubnavjvv2v9doit23cbj60ynq 3986261 3986259 2026-09-06T22:16:22Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986261 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Karwicium'''<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> seu '''Karwitium'''<ref name="-icium"/> seu '''Karwicia'''<ref name="-icium"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensisg]] est. Ad Karwicium vici Dragahn, Gamehlen, Karwitz, Lenzen (caput communis), Nausen, Thunpadel atque Pudripp pertinent. Karwicium pars communis generalis [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] est. == Historia == Karwicium ab anno [[1671]] pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducatu a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Karwicium ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[2006]] pars [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] vici supra dicti ad Karwicium adiuncti sunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Karwitz|Karwicium}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170426061219/http://www.elbtalaue.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-5936/ Pagina communis generalis Pratorum Albis de Karwicio scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] 9hwu1bm9y9hpicw4qfm3gdw51jvewse 3986265 3986261 2026-09-06T22:39:01Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986265 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Karwicium'''<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> seu '''Karwitium'''<ref name="-icium"/> seu '''Karwicia'''<ref name="-icium"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensisg]] est. Ad Karwicium vici [[Dragahn]] (Theodisce ''Dragahn''), [[Gamehla]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Gamehlen''), [[Karwicium (vicus)|Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium"/> (Theodisce ''Karwitz''), caput communis [[Lenza]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Lenzen''), [[Nausa]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Nausen''), [[Thunpadel]] (Theodisce ''Thunpadel'') atque [[Pudripp]] (Theodisce ''Pudripp'') pertinent. Karwicium pars communis generalis [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] est. == Historia == Karwicium ab anno [[1671]] pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducatu a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Karwicium ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[2006]] pars [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Pratorum Albis]] communis generalis est. Anno [[1972]] vici supra dicti ad Karwicium adiuncti sunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Karwitz|Karwicium}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170426061219/http://www.elbtalaue.de/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-5936/ Pagina communis generalis Pratorum Albis de Karwicio scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] jew263yg7do12mhkowa9tsg1ndydfi1 Circulus Harburgensis 0 198696 3986234 3986082 2026-09-06T19:54:49Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986234 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in WL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Harburgensi]] '''Circulus Harburgensis''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Harburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Horborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Harburg''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit et ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Winsenia]] est. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli fuit pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Ab anno [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circulus Harburgensis conditus est. Caput tum [[Hamburg-Harburg (regio urbana)|Harburgum]] erat. Quae urbs ab anno [[1937]] ad urbem [[Hamburgum]] pertinet. Tamen administratio circuli ad annum [[1945]] ibi mansit. Quod autem aedificia administrationis inter [[secundum bellum mundanum]] deleta erant, administratio in castellum [[Winsenia]]e translata est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Harburgensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Anno [[1958]] Winsenia caput perpetua circuli est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'') [[urbs]] et commune sui iuris (36.875 incolae) * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] (19.935) * [[Rosengarten (Saxonia Inferior)|Rosengarten]] (12.907) * [[Seevetal]] (39.921) * [[Stelle]] (10.827) * [[Winsenia]] (Theod.: ''Winsen (Luhe)'', 32.638, sedes administrationis) * [[Hanstadium (commune generale)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanstää'') commune generale (13.747) ** [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden y des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'') (1903) ** [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'') (1767) ** [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'') (2395) ** [[Hanstadium (Circulus Harburgensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanstää''), sedes administrationis (5317) ** [[Marxen]] (1386) ** [[Undeloh]] (979) * [[Holdunesteti (commune generale)|Holdunesteti]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hollenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullnst'') commune generale (10.809) ** [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'') (1830) ** [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'') (744) ** [[Halvesbostel]] ([[Theodisce]] ''Halvesbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassbossel'') (728) ** [[Holdunesteti]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hollenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullnst''), sedes administrationis (3400) ** [[Moisburg]] (1761) ** [[Regesbostel]] (1075) ** [[Wenzendorf]] (1271) * [[Iesteburgum (commune generale)|Iesteburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Jesteburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jesborg'') commune generale (10.595) ** [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'') (2262) ** [[Harmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Harmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harmsdörp'') (884) ** [[Iesteburgum]]<ref name="-burg"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Jesteburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jesborg''), sedes administrationis (7449) * [[Paludes Albis]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> (Theodisce ''Elbmarsch''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elvmasch'') commune generale (11.932) ** [[Draga (Albis)|Draga]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'') (4038) ** [[Marschacht]], sedes administrationis (3786) ** [[Tespe]] (4108) * [[Salzhausen (commune generale)|Salzhausen]] (14.065) ** [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'') (1235) ** [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'') (1081) ** [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'') (1449) ** [[Godenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'') (931) ** [[Salzhausen]], sedes administrationis (4642) ** [[Toppenstedt]] (2126) ** [[Vierhöfen]] (986) ** [[Wulfsen]] (1615) * [[Tostedt (commune generale)|Tostedt]] (25.018) ** [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'') (1080) ** [[Handeloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Handeloh'' seu olim ''Handorf bei Tostedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'') (2393) ** [[Heidenavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heidenau'') (2098) ** [[Kakenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp'') (1312) ** [[Königsmoor]] (638) ** [[Otter]] (1545) ** [[Tostedt]], sedes administrationis (13.089) ** [[Welle]] (1193) ** [[Wistedt]] (1670) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Harburg|Circulus Harburgensis}} * [http://www.landkreis-harburg.de/ Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Harburgensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] eomlowx9ps4z5gehrmr90g21afrswil Tostedt (commune generale) 0 199020 3986233 3984445 2026-09-06T19:52:33Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Tostedt''' commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]] est. Ad Tostedt communia [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'') (1080 incolae), [[Handeloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Handeloh'' seu olim ''Handorf bei Tostedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'') (2393), [[Heidenavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heidenau'') (2098), [[Kakenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp'') (1312), [[Königsmoor]] (638), [[Otter]] (1545), [[Tostedt]] (sedes administrationis, 13.089), [[Welle]] (1193) atque [[Wistedt]] (1670) pertinent. == Historia == Commune generale Tostedt die [[1 Martii]] [[1971]] e communibus Kampen, Königsmoor, Otter, Todtshorn atque Tostedt conditum est. Anno [[1972]] auctum est et nunc e communibus supra dictis constat. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.tostedt.de/ Pagina Communis generalis Tostedt] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1971]] iyfghn2n94ezl7r81cfuxey8clchoqp Usor:Maria.martelli/Sandbox 2 205390 3986168 3972813 2026-09-06T13:56:05Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Vincent laurensz van der vinne 1660.JPG|thumb|250px|Vanitas cum pictoris effigie]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue effigies personarum effingebat et prima mulier Americana putabatur . == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:Cattle and shepherdesses crossing a brook PK-T-AW-637, PK-T-AW-1551.tiff|thumb|right|250px|Armentum et pastores, qui rivum transeunt]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul (delineatio, [[1650]] fere)]] Post tirocinium apud textorem<ref name=web/>, a [[Franciscus Hals|Francisco Hals]]<ref name=segal/><ref name=helmer/> per novem meses anni [[1647]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/> et a [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardo Kemp]] artem picturae didicit<ref name=rkd/>. Anno [[1649]] ad [[Sancti Lucae Societas|Sancti Lucae Sodalitatem]] Harlemensem receptus est<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/><ref name=segal/>. Usque ad 21 Augusti anno[[1652]] [[Harlemum|Harlemi]] laboravit, postea cum aliquibus sodalibus [[Colonia Agrippina]]m petiit, ut in diario, ab artifice picto<ref name=web/>, scriptus est<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad 23 Septembris anno [[1652]] cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] et magistro [[Abraham Cuyper]] mansit, [[Theodoricus Helmbreker]] autem post paucos dies [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Germania]]m et [[Helvetia]]m<ref name=segal/> cum [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelio Bega]] et [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] peragravit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Colonia Agrippina]] discessa, [[Bingium]] transiit et [[Heidelberga]]m pervenit, ubi cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]] usque ad 28 Novembris anno [[1652]] mansit et delineationem praecipue studuit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea [[Colonia Agrippina]]m rediit, hic usque ad Martium anno [[1653]], cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]], primum ob [[Abraham Cuyper]], deinde ob [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardum Kemp]] laboravit. Postremo iuxta [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] cum Iusto Boelen sutore peregrinavit, contra [[Gulielmus Dubois]] in [[Nederlandia]]m rediit<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1653]] cum Iusto Boelen [[Francofurtum ad Moenum]] petiit et hic [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelium Bega]] nanctus est<ref name=rkd/>. Postea omnes tres ad [[Helvetia]]m perrexerunt, iter [[Heidelberga]]e et [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] interrumpentes<ref name=rkd/>. Postremo Aprile anno [[1653]] [[Basilea]]m petierunt et hic usque ad ver anno [[1655]] manserunt<ref name=rkd/>. Postea conati sunt [[Berna]]m pervenire, sed prae Agricolarum Bello non potuerunt, sic [[Belna (Helvetia)|Belna]]m et [[Lacus Eliacensis|Lacum Eliacensem]] transeuntes ad [[Helvetia]]e regionem Francicam pervenire constituerunt<ref name=rkd/>. Maio anno [[1653]] artifex [[Eburodunum (Valdensis)|Eburoduni]] ob Gulielmum de la Primaye, patricium Delfensem, laboravit et postea [[Genava]]e ob Marcum Roset usque ad Septembrem anno [[1654]]. Hic plures picturas magnas cum [[Genava]]e eius domi tum eius rure perfecit<ref name=rkd/>. Deinde artifex [[Lugdunum]] petiit et hic usque ad Aprilem anno [[1655]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post aliquos peregrinationes [[Gratianopolis|Gratianopolin]], [[Camberiacum]] et [[Divio|Divione]], [[Turnonium]] petiit et ubi egit hiemem<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1655]] [[Genava]]m rediit et hic brevi tempore mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea, [[Divio|Divionem]] et [[Agedincum Senonum]] transiens, [[Lutetia]]m abiit et ibi 11 Iunio pervenit<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad Augustum ob pictorem [[Petrus Forest|Petrum Forest]] in Pont Neuf laboravit et postea [[Rothomagus|Rothomagum]] transiens et [[Franciscopolis (Francia)|Franciscopoleos]] conscendens domum rediit<ref name=rkd/>. 1º Septembris anno [[1655]] [[Harlemum]] pervenit et ubi usque ad annum [[1680]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post regressum suum diarii secundum volumen confecit et ibi delineationes suas transcripsit et chalcographias topographicas a [[Matthaeus Merianus Senior|Matthaeo Meriano Seniore]] et [[Ioannes Boisseau|Ioanne Boisseau]] perfectas addidit<ref name=web/>. Praeterea topiorum vallis [[Rhenus|Rheni]] adumbrationibus libellum complevit<ref name=web/>. Anno [[1656]] Annam Jansdr de Gaver in matrimonium duxit et, sextis mensibus postquam Anna mortua erat mense Februarii anno 1668, Catalijntje Boekaert eum nupsit<ref name=web/>. In repertorio anni 1668, confecto postquam uxor prima mortua erat, undecim picturae ab eo pictae enumerantur, e quibus una natura mortua florea<ref name=segal/>. Aestate anni [[1680]] itinera frequentia fecit: nam, inter alias urbes, [[Lugdunum Batavorum]], [[Traiectum ad Rhenum]], [[Guda]]m, [[Roterodamum]], [[Delfum]] et [[Haga]]m petiit<ref name=rkd/>. Octo mensis Octobris [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. In repertorio, confecto postquam artifex mortuus erat, duodecim naturae mortuae floreae enumerantur, e quibus una a van der Vinne ipso picta<ref name=segal/>. Nunc modo comperitur una natura mortua florea, eo ipso addicitur: pictura, quae passifloras et flores alios in aedicula figurat ac extrinsecus Rechtbank Noord-Holland locatur<ref name=segal/>. Tamen probabilior est quam haec pictura perfecta est ab eius nepote [[Vincentius Laurensz van der Vinne II|Vincentio Laurensz van der Vinne II]], qui proprie tector erat<ref name=segal/>. <br> Opera Vincentii res morales, architectonicae, allegoricae, topia, praecipue hiemalia, urbium conspectus, [[natura mortua|naturae mortuae]], effigies personarum, vanitates et picturae floreae complectuntur<ref name=rkd/>. Van de Vinne calamo ac atramento cineraceo urbium conspectus pinxit secundum delineationes, quas per eius peregrinationes perfecit<ref name=web/>. Artifici etiam negotia data sunt ut cameras ac insignias pinxerit<ref name=web/>. In primis clarus est ob suas [[vanitas|vanitates]], ut exempli causa ''Vanitas cum corona regale''<ref name=web2>[https://www.wga.hu/html/v/vinne/vincent/vanitas.html Vanitas cum corona regale]</ref>. Simulacrum, quod spectat ad [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Caroli I]] martyrium, in hac pictura est, in qua Angliae regis effigies est<ref name=helmer>[https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover the Royalist Republic]</ref> (vide ''Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_Laurentsz._van_der_Vinne_I_(1628-1702)_-_Still_Life_with_a_Print_of_King_Charles_I_and_an_Upturned_Crown_-_515532_-_National_Trust.jpg Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa - Commons]</ref>). <br> [[Petrus van Eijse]] ipsum illum in pingendi sectatus est<ref name=rkd/>. [[Laurentius van der Vinne I]], filius eius, artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> 79x99lmm33fiblwi6kder1u7bdy2fev 3986176 3986168 2026-09-06T14:23:07Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Vincent laurensz van der vinne 1660.JPG|thumb|250px|Vanitas cum pictoris effigie]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue effigies personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana exstimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:Cattle and shepherdesses crossing a brook PK-T-AW-637, PK-T-AW-1551.tiff|thumb|right|250px|Armentum et pastores, qui rivum transeunt]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul (delineatio, [[1650]] fere)]] Post tirocinium apud textorem<ref name=web/>, a [[Franciscus Hals|Francisco Hals]]<ref name=segal/><ref name=helmer/> per novem meses anni [[1647]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/> et a [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardo Kemp]] artem picturae didicit<ref name=rkd/>. Anno [[1649]] ad [[Sancti Lucae Societas|Sancti Lucae Sodalitatem]] Harlemensem receptus est<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/><ref name=segal/>. Usque ad 21 Augusti anno[[1652]] [[Harlemum|Harlemi]] laboravit, postea cum aliquibus sodalibus [[Colonia Agrippina]]m petiit, ut in diario, ab artifice picto<ref name=web/>, scriptus est<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad 23 Septembris anno [[1652]] cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] et magistro [[Abraham Cuyper]] mansit, [[Theodoricus Helmbreker]] autem post paucos dies [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Germania]]m et [[Helvetia]]m<ref name=segal/> cum [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelio Bega]] et [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] peragravit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Colonia Agrippina]] discessa, [[Bingium]] transiit et [[Heidelberga]]m pervenit, ubi cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]] usque ad 28 Novembris anno [[1652]] mansit et delineationem praecipue studuit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea [[Colonia Agrippina]]m rediit, hic usque ad Martium anno [[1653]], cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]], primum ob [[Abraham Cuyper]], deinde ob [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardum Kemp]] laboravit. Postremo iuxta [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] cum Iusto Boelen sutore peregrinavit, contra [[Gulielmus Dubois]] in [[Nederlandia]]m rediit<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1653]] cum Iusto Boelen [[Francofurtum ad Moenum]] petiit et hic [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelium Bega]] nanctus est<ref name=rkd/>. Postea omnes tres ad [[Helvetia]]m perrexerunt, iter [[Heidelberga]]e et [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] interrumpentes<ref name=rkd/>. Postremo Aprile anno [[1653]] [[Basilea]]m petierunt et hic usque ad ver anno [[1655]] manserunt<ref name=rkd/>. Postea conati sunt [[Berna]]m pervenire, sed prae Agricolarum Bello non potuerunt, sic [[Belna (Helvetia)|Belna]]m et [[Lacus Eliacensis|Lacum Eliacensem]] transeuntes ad [[Helvetia]]e regionem Francicam pervenire constituerunt<ref name=rkd/>. Maio anno [[1653]] artifex [[Eburodunum (Valdensis)|Eburoduni]] ob Gulielmum de la Primaye, patricium Delfensem, laboravit et postea [[Genava]]e ob Marcum Roset usque ad Septembrem anno [[1654]]. Hic plures picturas magnas cum [[Genava]]e eius domi tum eius rure perfecit<ref name=rkd/>. Deinde artifex [[Lugdunum]] petiit et hic usque ad Aprilem anno [[1655]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post aliquos peregrinationes [[Gratianopolis|Gratianopolin]], [[Camberiacum]] et [[Divio|Divione]], [[Turnonium]] petiit et ubi egit hiemem<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1655]] [[Genava]]m rediit et hic brevi tempore mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea, [[Divio|Divionem]] et [[Agedincum Senonum]] transiens, [[Lutetia]]m abiit et ibi 11 Iunio pervenit<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad Augustum ob pictorem [[Petrus Forest|Petrum Forest]] in Pont Neuf laboravit et postea [[Rothomagus|Rothomagum]] transiens et [[Franciscopolis (Francia)|Franciscopoleos]] conscendens domum rediit<ref name=rkd/>. 1º Septembris anno [[1655]] [[Harlemum]] pervenit et ubi usque ad annum [[1680]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post regressum suum diarii secundum volumen confecit et ibi delineationes suas transcripsit et chalcographias topographicas a [[Matthaeus Merianus Senior|Matthaeo Meriano Seniore]] et [[Ioannes Boisseau|Ioanne Boisseau]] perfectas addidit<ref name=web/>. Praeterea topiorum vallis [[Rhenus|Rheni]] adumbrationibus libellum complevit<ref name=web/>. Anno [[1656]] Annam Jansdr de Gaver in matrimonium duxit et, sextis mensibus postquam Anna mortua erat mense Februarii anno 1668, Catalijntje Boekaert eum nupsit<ref name=web/>. In repertorio anni 1668, confecto postquam uxor prima mortua erat, undecim picturae ab eo pictae enumerantur, e quibus una natura mortua florea<ref name=segal/>. Aestate anni [[1680]] itinera frequentia fecit: nam, inter alias urbes, [[Lugdunum Batavorum]], [[Traiectum ad Rhenum]], [[Guda]]m, [[Roterodamum]], [[Delfum]] et [[Haga]]m petiit<ref name=rkd/>. Octo mensis Octobris [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. In repertorio, confecto postquam artifex mortuus erat, duodecim naturae mortuae floreae enumerantur, e quibus una a van der Vinne ipso picta<ref name=segal/>. Nunc modo comperitur una natura mortua florea, eo ipso addicitur: pictura, quae passifloras et flores alios in aedicula figurat ac extrinsecus Rechtbank Noord-Holland locatur<ref name=segal/>. Tamen probabilior est quam haec pictura perfecta est ab eius nepote [[Vincentius Laurensz van der Vinne II|Vincentio Laurensz van der Vinne II]], qui proprie tector erat<ref name=segal/>. <br> Opera Vincentii res morales, architectonicae, allegoricae, topia, praecipue hiemalia, urbium conspectus, [[natura mortua|naturae mortuae]], effigies personarum, vanitates et picturae floreae complectuntur<ref name=rkd/>. Van de Vinne calamo ac atramento cineraceo urbium conspectus pinxit secundum delineationes, quas per eius peregrinationes perfecit<ref name=web/>. Artifici etiam negotia data sunt ut cameras ac insignias pinxerit<ref name=web/>. In primis clarus est ob suas [[vanitas|vanitates]], ut exempli causa ''Vanitas cum corona regale''<ref name=web2>[https://www.wga.hu/html/v/vinne/vincent/vanitas.html Vanitas cum corona regale]</ref>. Simulacrum, quod spectat ad [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Caroli I]] martyrium, in hac pictura est, in qua Angliae regis effigies est<ref name=helmer>[https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover the Royalist Republic]</ref> (vide ''Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_Laurentsz._van_der_Vinne_I_(1628-1702)_-_Still_Life_with_a_Print_of_King_Charles_I_and_an_Upturned_Crown_-_515532_-_National_Trust.jpg Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa - Commons]</ref>). <br> [[Petrus van Eijse]] ipsum illum in pingendi sectatus est<ref name=rkd/>. [[Laurentius van der Vinne I]], filius eius, artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> 2jgoqd5il5ftc73azl0sp6w5xbfoils 3986179 3986176 2026-09-06T14:29:29Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986179 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Vincent laurensz van der vinne 1660.JPG|thumb|250px|Vanitas cum pictoris effigie]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue effigies personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana exstimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius avunculus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, magistratuum et ducum militarium Terrae Mariae, Pennsylvaniae et Washingtoniae. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:Cattle and shepherdesses crossing a brook PK-T-AW-637, PK-T-AW-1551.tiff|thumb|right|250px|Armentum et pastores, qui rivum transeunt]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul (delineatio, [[1650]] fere)]] Post tirocinium apud textorem<ref name=web/>, a [[Franciscus Hals|Francisco Hals]]<ref name=segal/><ref name=helmer/> per novem meses anni [[1647]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/> et a [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardo Kemp]] artem picturae didicit<ref name=rkd/>. Anno [[1649]] ad [[Sancti Lucae Societas|Sancti Lucae Sodalitatem]] Harlemensem receptus est<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/><ref name=segal/>. Usque ad 21 Augusti anno[[1652]] [[Harlemum|Harlemi]] laboravit, postea cum aliquibus sodalibus [[Colonia Agrippina]]m petiit, ut in diario, ab artifice picto<ref name=web/>, scriptus est<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad 23 Septembris anno [[1652]] cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] et magistro [[Abraham Cuyper]] mansit, [[Theodoricus Helmbreker]] autem post paucos dies [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Germania]]m et [[Helvetia]]m<ref name=segal/> cum [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelio Bega]] et [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] peragravit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Colonia Agrippina]] discessa, [[Bingium]] transiit et [[Heidelberga]]m pervenit, ubi cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]] usque ad 28 Novembris anno [[1652]] mansit et delineationem praecipue studuit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea [[Colonia Agrippina]]m rediit, hic usque ad Martium anno [[1653]], cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]], primum ob [[Abraham Cuyper]], deinde ob [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardum Kemp]] laboravit. Postremo iuxta [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] cum Iusto Boelen sutore peregrinavit, contra [[Gulielmus Dubois]] in [[Nederlandia]]m rediit<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1653]] cum Iusto Boelen [[Francofurtum ad Moenum]] petiit et hic [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelium Bega]] nanctus est<ref name=rkd/>. Postea omnes tres ad [[Helvetia]]m perrexerunt, iter [[Heidelberga]]e et [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] interrumpentes<ref name=rkd/>. Postremo Aprile anno [[1653]] [[Basilea]]m petierunt et hic usque ad ver anno [[1655]] manserunt<ref name=rkd/>. Postea conati sunt [[Berna]]m pervenire, sed prae Agricolarum Bello non potuerunt, sic [[Belna (Helvetia)|Belna]]m et [[Lacus Eliacensis|Lacum Eliacensem]] transeuntes ad [[Helvetia]]e regionem Francicam pervenire constituerunt<ref name=rkd/>. Maio anno [[1653]] artifex [[Eburodunum (Valdensis)|Eburoduni]] ob Gulielmum de la Primaye, patricium Delfensem, laboravit et postea [[Genava]]e ob Marcum Roset usque ad Septembrem anno [[1654]]. Hic plures picturas magnas cum [[Genava]]e eius domi tum eius rure perfecit<ref name=rkd/>. Deinde artifex [[Lugdunum]] petiit et hic usque ad Aprilem anno [[1655]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post aliquos peregrinationes [[Gratianopolis|Gratianopolin]], [[Camberiacum]] et [[Divio|Divione]], [[Turnonium]] petiit et ubi egit hiemem<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1655]] [[Genava]]m rediit et hic brevi tempore mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea, [[Divio|Divionem]] et [[Agedincum Senonum]] transiens, [[Lutetia]]m abiit et ibi 11 Iunio pervenit<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad Augustum ob pictorem [[Petrus Forest|Petrum Forest]] in Pont Neuf laboravit et postea [[Rothomagus|Rothomagum]] transiens et [[Franciscopolis (Francia)|Franciscopoleos]] conscendens domum rediit<ref name=rkd/>. 1º Septembris anno [[1655]] [[Harlemum]] pervenit et ubi usque ad annum [[1680]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post regressum suum diarii secundum volumen confecit et ibi delineationes suas transcripsit et chalcographias topographicas a [[Matthaeus Merianus Senior|Matthaeo Meriano Seniore]] et [[Ioannes Boisseau|Ioanne Boisseau]] perfectas addidit<ref name=web/>. Praeterea topiorum vallis [[Rhenus|Rheni]] adumbrationibus libellum complevit<ref name=web/>. Anno [[1656]] Annam Jansdr de Gaver in matrimonium duxit et, sextis mensibus postquam Anna mortua erat mense Februarii anno 1668, Catalijntje Boekaert eum nupsit<ref name=web/>. In repertorio anni 1668, confecto postquam uxor prima mortua erat, undecim picturae ab eo pictae enumerantur, e quibus una natura mortua florea<ref name=segal/>. Aestate anni [[1680]] itinera frequentia fecit: nam, inter alias urbes, [[Lugdunum Batavorum]], [[Traiectum ad Rhenum]], [[Guda]]m, [[Roterodamum]], [[Delfum]] et [[Haga]]m petiit<ref name=rkd/>. Octo mensis Octobris [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. In repertorio, confecto postquam artifex mortuus erat, duodecim naturae mortuae floreae enumerantur, e quibus una a van der Vinne ipso picta<ref name=segal/>. Nunc modo comperitur una natura mortua florea, eo ipso addicitur: pictura, quae passifloras et flores alios in aedicula figurat ac extrinsecus Rechtbank Noord-Holland locatur<ref name=segal/>. Tamen probabilior est quam haec pictura perfecta est ab eius nepote [[Vincentius Laurensz van der Vinne II|Vincentio Laurensz van der Vinne II]], qui proprie tector erat<ref name=segal/>. <br> Opera Vincentii res morales, architectonicae, allegoricae, topia, praecipue hiemalia, urbium conspectus, [[natura mortua|naturae mortuae]], effigies personarum, vanitates et picturae floreae complectuntur<ref name=rkd/>. Van de Vinne calamo ac atramento cineraceo urbium conspectus pinxit secundum delineationes, quas per eius peregrinationes perfecit<ref name=web/>. Artifici etiam negotia data sunt ut cameras ac insignias pinxerit<ref name=web/>. In primis clarus est ob suas [[vanitas|vanitates]], ut exempli causa ''Vanitas cum corona regale''<ref name=web2>[https://www.wga.hu/html/v/vinne/vincent/vanitas.html Vanitas cum corona regale]</ref>. Simulacrum, quod spectat ad [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Caroli I]] martyrium, in hac pictura est, in qua Angliae regis effigies est<ref name=helmer>[https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover the Royalist Republic]</ref> (vide ''Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_Laurentsz._van_der_Vinne_I_(1628-1702)_-_Still_Life_with_a_Print_of_King_Charles_I_and_an_Upturned_Crown_-_515532_-_National_Trust.jpg Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa - Commons]</ref>). <br> [[Petrus van Eijse]] ipsum illum in pingendi sectatus est<ref name=rkd/>. [[Laurentius van der Vinne I]], filius eius, artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> lac3ibvj01l93vcy0pogynx5b92osft 3986181 3986179 2026-09-06T14:35:02Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986181 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Vincent laurensz van der vinne 1660.JPG|thumb|250px|Vanitas cum pictoris effigie]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue effigies personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana exstimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius avunculus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, magistratuum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:Cattle and shepherdesses crossing a brook PK-T-AW-637, PK-T-AW-1551.tiff|thumb|right|250px|Armentum et pastores, qui rivum transeunt]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul (delineatio, [[1650]] fere)]] Post tirocinium apud textorem<ref name=web/>, a [[Franciscus Hals|Francisco Hals]]<ref name=segal/><ref name=helmer/> per novem meses anni [[1647]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/> et a [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardo Kemp]] artem picturae didicit<ref name=rkd/>. Anno [[1649]] ad [[Sancti Lucae Societas|Sancti Lucae Sodalitatem]] Harlemensem receptus est<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/><ref name=segal/>. Usque ad 21 Augusti anno[[1652]] [[Harlemum|Harlemi]] laboravit, postea cum aliquibus sodalibus [[Colonia Agrippina]]m petiit, ut in diario, ab artifice picto<ref name=web/>, scriptus est<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad 23 Septembris anno [[1652]] cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] et magistro [[Abraham Cuyper]] mansit, [[Theodoricus Helmbreker]] autem post paucos dies [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Germania]]m et [[Helvetia]]m<ref name=segal/> cum [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelio Bega]] et [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] peragravit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Colonia Agrippina]] discessa, [[Bingium]] transiit et [[Heidelberga]]m pervenit, ubi cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]] usque ad 28 Novembris anno [[1652]] mansit et delineationem praecipue studuit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea [[Colonia Agrippina]]m rediit, hic usque ad Martium anno [[1653]], cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]], primum ob [[Abraham Cuyper]], deinde ob [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardum Kemp]] laboravit. Postremo iuxta [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] cum Iusto Boelen sutore peregrinavit, contra [[Gulielmus Dubois]] in [[Nederlandia]]m rediit<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1653]] cum Iusto Boelen [[Francofurtum ad Moenum]] petiit et hic [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelium Bega]] nanctus est<ref name=rkd/>. Postea omnes tres ad [[Helvetia]]m perrexerunt, iter [[Heidelberga]]e et [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] interrumpentes<ref name=rkd/>. Postremo Aprile anno [[1653]] [[Basilea]]m petierunt et hic usque ad ver anno [[1655]] manserunt<ref name=rkd/>. Postea conati sunt [[Berna]]m pervenire, sed prae Agricolarum Bello non potuerunt, sic [[Belna (Helvetia)|Belna]]m et [[Lacus Eliacensis|Lacum Eliacensem]] transeuntes ad [[Helvetia]]e regionem Francicam pervenire constituerunt<ref name=rkd/>. Maio anno [[1653]] artifex [[Eburodunum (Valdensis)|Eburoduni]] ob Gulielmum de la Primaye, patricium Delfensem, laboravit et postea [[Genava]]e ob Marcum Roset usque ad Septembrem anno [[1654]]. Hic plures picturas magnas cum [[Genava]]e eius domi tum eius rure perfecit<ref name=rkd/>. Deinde artifex [[Lugdunum]] petiit et hic usque ad Aprilem anno [[1655]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post aliquos peregrinationes [[Gratianopolis|Gratianopolin]], [[Camberiacum]] et [[Divio|Divione]], [[Turnonium]] petiit et ubi egit hiemem<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1655]] [[Genava]]m rediit et hic brevi tempore mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea, [[Divio|Divionem]] et [[Agedincum Senonum]] transiens, [[Lutetia]]m abiit et ibi 11 Iunio pervenit<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad Augustum ob pictorem [[Petrus Forest|Petrum Forest]] in Pont Neuf laboravit et postea [[Rothomagus|Rothomagum]] transiens et [[Franciscopolis (Francia)|Franciscopoleos]] conscendens domum rediit<ref name=rkd/>. 1º Septembris anno [[1655]] [[Harlemum]] pervenit et ubi usque ad annum [[1680]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post regressum suum diarii secundum volumen confecit et ibi delineationes suas transcripsit et chalcographias topographicas a [[Matthaeus Merianus Senior|Matthaeo Meriano Seniore]] et [[Ioannes Boisseau|Ioanne Boisseau]] perfectas addidit<ref name=web/>. Praeterea topiorum vallis [[Rhenus|Rheni]] adumbrationibus libellum complevit<ref name=web/>. Anno [[1656]] Annam Jansdr de Gaver in matrimonium duxit et, sextis mensibus postquam Anna mortua erat mense Februarii anno 1668, Catalijntje Boekaert eum nupsit<ref name=web/>. In repertorio anni 1668, confecto postquam uxor prima mortua erat, undecim picturae ab eo pictae enumerantur, e quibus una natura mortua florea<ref name=segal/>. Aestate anni [[1680]] itinera frequentia fecit: nam, inter alias urbes, [[Lugdunum Batavorum]], [[Traiectum ad Rhenum]], [[Guda]]m, [[Roterodamum]], [[Delfum]] et [[Haga]]m petiit<ref name=rkd/>. Octo mensis Octobris [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. In repertorio, confecto postquam artifex mortuus erat, duodecim naturae mortuae floreae enumerantur, e quibus una a van der Vinne ipso picta<ref name=segal/>. Nunc modo comperitur una natura mortua florea, eo ipso addicitur: pictura, quae passifloras et flores alios in aedicula figurat ac extrinsecus Rechtbank Noord-Holland locatur<ref name=segal/>. Tamen probabilior est quam haec pictura perfecta est ab eius nepote [[Vincentius Laurensz van der Vinne II|Vincentio Laurensz van der Vinne II]], qui proprie tector erat<ref name=segal/>. <br> Opera Vincentii res morales, architectonicae, allegoricae, topia, praecipue hiemalia, urbium conspectus, [[natura mortua|naturae mortuae]], effigies personarum, vanitates et picturae floreae complectuntur<ref name=rkd/>. Van de Vinne calamo ac atramento cineraceo urbium conspectus pinxit secundum delineationes, quas per eius peregrinationes perfecit<ref name=web/>. Artifici etiam negotia data sunt ut cameras ac insignias pinxerit<ref name=web/>. In primis clarus est ob suas [[vanitas|vanitates]], ut exempli causa ''Vanitas cum corona regale''<ref name=web2>[https://www.wga.hu/html/v/vinne/vincent/vanitas.html Vanitas cum corona regale]</ref>. Simulacrum, quod spectat ad [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Caroli I]] martyrium, in hac pictura est, in qua Angliae regis effigies est<ref name=helmer>[https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover the Royalist Republic]</ref> (vide ''Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_Laurentsz._van_der_Vinne_I_(1628-1702)_-_Still_Life_with_a_Print_of_King_Charles_I_and_an_Upturned_Crown_-_515532_-_National_Trust.jpg Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa - Commons]</ref>). <br> [[Petrus van Eijse]] ipsum illum in pingendi sectatus est<ref name=rkd/>. [[Laurentius van der Vinne I]], filius eius, artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> t67g4mck9t4bv58am2lvl67opv2ud6p 3986182 3986181 2026-09-06T14:49:35Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986182 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Vincent laurensz van der vinne 1660.JPG|thumb|250px|Vanitas cum pictoris effigie]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue effigies personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana exstimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:Cattle and shepherdesses crossing a brook PK-T-AW-637, PK-T-AW-1551.tiff|thumb|right|250px|Armentum et pastores, qui rivum transeunt]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul (delineatio, [[1650]] fere)]] Post tirocinium apud textorem<ref name=web/>, a [[Franciscus Hals|Francisco Hals]]<ref name=segal/><ref name=helmer/> per novem meses anni [[1647]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/> et a [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardo Kemp]] artem picturae didicit<ref name=rkd/>. Anno [[1649]] ad [[Sancti Lucae Societas|Sancti Lucae Sodalitatem]] Harlemensem receptus est<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/><ref name=segal/>. Usque ad 21 Augusti anno[[1652]] [[Harlemum|Harlemi]] laboravit, postea cum aliquibus sodalibus [[Colonia Agrippina]]m petiit, ut in diario, ab artifice picto<ref name=web/>, scriptus est<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad 23 Septembris anno [[1652]] cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] et magistro [[Abraham Cuyper]] mansit, [[Theodoricus Helmbreker]] autem post paucos dies [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Germania]]m et [[Helvetia]]m<ref name=segal/> cum [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelio Bega]] et [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] peragravit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Colonia Agrippina]] discessa, [[Bingium]] transiit et [[Heidelberga]]m pervenit, ubi cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]] usque ad 28 Novembris anno [[1652]] mansit et delineationem praecipue studuit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea [[Colonia Agrippina]]m rediit, hic usque ad Martium anno [[1653]], cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]], primum ob [[Abraham Cuyper]], deinde ob [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardum Kemp]] laboravit. Postremo iuxta [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] cum Iusto Boelen sutore peregrinavit, contra [[Gulielmus Dubois]] in [[Nederlandia]]m rediit<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1653]] cum Iusto Boelen [[Francofurtum ad Moenum]] petiit et hic [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelium Bega]] nanctus est<ref name=rkd/>. Postea omnes tres ad [[Helvetia]]m perrexerunt, iter [[Heidelberga]]e et [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] interrumpentes<ref name=rkd/>. Postremo Aprile anno [[1653]] [[Basilea]]m petierunt et hic usque ad ver anno [[1655]] manserunt<ref name=rkd/>. Postea conati sunt [[Berna]]m pervenire, sed prae Agricolarum Bello non potuerunt, sic [[Belna (Helvetia)|Belna]]m et [[Lacus Eliacensis|Lacum Eliacensem]] transeuntes ad [[Helvetia]]e regionem Francicam pervenire constituerunt<ref name=rkd/>. Maio anno [[1653]] artifex [[Eburodunum (Valdensis)|Eburoduni]] ob Gulielmum de la Primaye, patricium Delfensem, laboravit et postea [[Genava]]e ob Marcum Roset usque ad Septembrem anno [[1654]]. Hic plures picturas magnas cum [[Genava]]e eius domi tum eius rure perfecit<ref name=rkd/>. Deinde artifex [[Lugdunum]] petiit et hic usque ad Aprilem anno [[1655]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post aliquos peregrinationes [[Gratianopolis|Gratianopolin]], [[Camberiacum]] et [[Divio|Divione]], [[Turnonium]] petiit et ubi egit hiemem<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1655]] [[Genava]]m rediit et hic brevi tempore mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea, [[Divio|Divionem]] et [[Agedincum Senonum]] transiens, [[Lutetia]]m abiit et ibi 11 Iunio pervenit<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad Augustum ob pictorem [[Petrus Forest|Petrum Forest]] in Pont Neuf laboravit et postea [[Rothomagus|Rothomagum]] transiens et [[Franciscopolis (Francia)|Franciscopoleos]] conscendens domum rediit<ref name=rkd/>. 1º Septembris anno [[1655]] [[Harlemum]] pervenit et ubi usque ad annum [[1680]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post regressum suum diarii secundum volumen confecit et ibi delineationes suas transcripsit et chalcographias topographicas a [[Matthaeus Merianus Senior|Matthaeo Meriano Seniore]] et [[Ioannes Boisseau|Ioanne Boisseau]] perfectas addidit<ref name=web/>. Praeterea topiorum vallis [[Rhenus|Rheni]] adumbrationibus libellum complevit<ref name=web/>. Anno [[1656]] Annam Jansdr de Gaver in matrimonium duxit et, sextis mensibus postquam Anna mortua erat mense Februarii anno 1668, Catalijntje Boekaert eum nupsit<ref name=web/>. In repertorio anni 1668, confecto postquam uxor prima mortua erat, undecim picturae ab eo pictae enumerantur, e quibus una natura mortua florea<ref name=segal/>. Aestate anni [[1680]] itinera frequentia fecit: nam, inter alias urbes, [[Lugdunum Batavorum]], [[Traiectum ad Rhenum]], [[Guda]]m, [[Roterodamum]], [[Delfum]] et [[Haga]]m petiit<ref name=rkd/>. Octo mensis Octobris [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. In repertorio, confecto postquam artifex mortuus erat, duodecim naturae mortuae floreae enumerantur, e quibus una a van der Vinne ipso picta<ref name=segal/>. Nunc modo comperitur una natura mortua florea, eo ipso addicitur: pictura, quae passifloras et flores alios in aedicula figurat ac extrinsecus Rechtbank Noord-Holland locatur<ref name=segal/>. Tamen probabilior est quam haec pictura perfecta est ab eius nepote [[Vincentius Laurensz van der Vinne II|Vincentio Laurensz van der Vinne II]], qui proprie tector erat<ref name=segal/>. <br> Opera Vincentii res morales, architectonicae, allegoricae, topia, praecipue hiemalia, urbium conspectus, [[natura mortua|naturae mortuae]], effigies personarum, vanitates et picturae floreae complectuntur<ref name=rkd/>. Van de Vinne calamo ac atramento cineraceo urbium conspectus pinxit secundum delineationes, quas per eius peregrinationes perfecit<ref name=web/>. Artifici etiam negotia data sunt ut cameras ac insignias pinxerit<ref name=web/>. In primis clarus est ob suas [[vanitas|vanitates]], ut exempli causa ''Vanitas cum corona regale''<ref name=web2>[https://www.wga.hu/html/v/vinne/vincent/vanitas.html Vanitas cum corona regale]</ref>. Simulacrum, quod spectat ad [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Caroli I]] martyrium, in hac pictura est, in qua Angliae regis effigies est<ref name=helmer>[https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover the Royalist Republic]</ref> (vide ''Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_Laurentsz._van_der_Vinne_I_(1628-1702)_-_Still_Life_with_a_Print_of_King_Charles_I_and_an_Upturned_Crown_-_515532_-_National_Trust.jpg Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa - Commons]</ref>). <br> [[Petrus van Eijse]] ipsum illum in pingendi sectatus est<ref name=rkd/>. [[Laurentius van der Vinne I]], filius eius, artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> 60m1dfl2raz6wxhn475bgfrbniuhtaw 3986183 3986182 2026-09-06T14:50:37Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986183 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Vincent laurensz van der vinne 1660.JPG|thumb|250px|Vanitas cum pictoris effigie]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana exstimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:Cattle and shepherdesses crossing a brook PK-T-AW-637, PK-T-AW-1551.tiff|thumb|right|250px|Armentum et pastores, qui rivum transeunt]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul (delineatio, [[1650]] fere)]] Post tirocinium apud textorem<ref name=web/>, a [[Franciscus Hals|Francisco Hals]]<ref name=segal/><ref name=helmer/> per novem meses anni [[1647]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/> et a [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardo Kemp]] artem picturae didicit<ref name=rkd/>. Anno [[1649]] ad [[Sancti Lucae Societas|Sancti Lucae Sodalitatem]] Harlemensem receptus est<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/><ref name=segal/>. Usque ad 21 Augusti anno[[1652]] [[Harlemum|Harlemi]] laboravit, postea cum aliquibus sodalibus [[Colonia Agrippina]]m petiit, ut in diario, ab artifice picto<ref name=web/>, scriptus est<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad 23 Septembris anno [[1652]] cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] et magistro [[Abraham Cuyper]] mansit, [[Theodoricus Helmbreker]] autem post paucos dies [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Germania]]m et [[Helvetia]]m<ref name=segal/> cum [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelio Bega]] et [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] peragravit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Colonia Agrippina]] discessa, [[Bingium]] transiit et [[Heidelberga]]m pervenit, ubi cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]] usque ad 28 Novembris anno [[1652]] mansit et delineationem praecipue studuit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea [[Colonia Agrippina]]m rediit, hic usque ad Martium anno [[1653]], cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]], primum ob [[Abraham Cuyper]], deinde ob [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardum Kemp]] laboravit. Postremo iuxta [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] cum Iusto Boelen sutore peregrinavit, contra [[Gulielmus Dubois]] in [[Nederlandia]]m rediit<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1653]] cum Iusto Boelen [[Francofurtum ad Moenum]] petiit et hic [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelium Bega]] nanctus est<ref name=rkd/>. Postea omnes tres ad [[Helvetia]]m perrexerunt, iter [[Heidelberga]]e et [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] interrumpentes<ref name=rkd/>. Postremo Aprile anno [[1653]] [[Basilea]]m petierunt et hic usque ad ver anno [[1655]] manserunt<ref name=rkd/>. Postea conati sunt [[Berna]]m pervenire, sed prae Agricolarum Bello non potuerunt, sic [[Belna (Helvetia)|Belna]]m et [[Lacus Eliacensis|Lacum Eliacensem]] transeuntes ad [[Helvetia]]e regionem Francicam pervenire constituerunt<ref name=rkd/>. Maio anno [[1653]] artifex [[Eburodunum (Valdensis)|Eburoduni]] ob Gulielmum de la Primaye, patricium Delfensem, laboravit et postea [[Genava]]e ob Marcum Roset usque ad Septembrem anno [[1654]]. Hic plures picturas magnas cum [[Genava]]e eius domi tum eius rure perfecit<ref name=rkd/>. Deinde artifex [[Lugdunum]] petiit et hic usque ad Aprilem anno [[1655]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post aliquos peregrinationes [[Gratianopolis|Gratianopolin]], [[Camberiacum]] et [[Divio|Divione]], [[Turnonium]] petiit et ubi egit hiemem<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1655]] [[Genava]]m rediit et hic brevi tempore mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea, [[Divio|Divionem]] et [[Agedincum Senonum]] transiens, [[Lutetia]]m abiit et ibi 11 Iunio pervenit<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad Augustum ob pictorem [[Petrus Forest|Petrum Forest]] in Pont Neuf laboravit et postea [[Rothomagus|Rothomagum]] transiens et [[Franciscopolis (Francia)|Franciscopoleos]] conscendens domum rediit<ref name=rkd/>. 1º Septembris anno [[1655]] [[Harlemum]] pervenit et ubi usque ad annum [[1680]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post regressum suum diarii secundum volumen confecit et ibi delineationes suas transcripsit et chalcographias topographicas a [[Matthaeus Merianus Senior|Matthaeo Meriano Seniore]] et [[Ioannes Boisseau|Ioanne Boisseau]] perfectas addidit<ref name=web/>. Praeterea topiorum vallis [[Rhenus|Rheni]] adumbrationibus libellum complevit<ref name=web/>. Anno [[1656]] Annam Jansdr de Gaver in matrimonium duxit et, sextis mensibus postquam Anna mortua erat mense Februarii anno 1668, Catalijntje Boekaert eum nupsit<ref name=web/>. In repertorio anni 1668, confecto postquam uxor prima mortua erat, undecim picturae ab eo pictae enumerantur, e quibus una natura mortua florea<ref name=segal/>. Aestate anni [[1680]] itinera frequentia fecit: nam, inter alias urbes, [[Lugdunum Batavorum]], [[Traiectum ad Rhenum]], [[Guda]]m, [[Roterodamum]], [[Delfum]] et [[Haga]]m petiit<ref name=rkd/>. Octo mensis Octobris [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. In repertorio, confecto postquam artifex mortuus erat, duodecim naturae mortuae floreae enumerantur, e quibus una a van der Vinne ipso picta<ref name=segal/>. Nunc modo comperitur una natura mortua florea, eo ipso addicitur: pictura, quae passifloras et flores alios in aedicula figurat ac extrinsecus Rechtbank Noord-Holland locatur<ref name=segal/>. Tamen probabilior est quam haec pictura perfecta est ab eius nepote [[Vincentius Laurensz van der Vinne II|Vincentio Laurensz van der Vinne II]], qui proprie tector erat<ref name=segal/>. <br> Opera Vincentii res morales, architectonicae, allegoricae, topia, praecipue hiemalia, urbium conspectus, [[natura mortua|naturae mortuae]], effigies personarum, vanitates et picturae floreae complectuntur<ref name=rkd/>. Van de Vinne calamo ac atramento cineraceo urbium conspectus pinxit secundum delineationes, quas per eius peregrinationes perfecit<ref name=web/>. Artifici etiam negotia data sunt ut cameras ac insignias pinxerit<ref name=web/>. In primis clarus est ob suas [[vanitas|vanitates]], ut exempli causa ''Vanitas cum corona regale''<ref name=web2>[https://www.wga.hu/html/v/vinne/vincent/vanitas.html Vanitas cum corona regale]</ref>. Simulacrum, quod spectat ad [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Caroli I]] martyrium, in hac pictura est, in qua Angliae regis effigies est<ref name=helmer>[https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover the Royalist Republic]</ref> (vide ''Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_Laurentsz._van_der_Vinne_I_(1628-1702)_-_Still_Life_with_a_Print_of_King_Charles_I_and_an_Upturned_Crown_-_515532_-_National_Trust.jpg Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa - Commons]</ref>). <br> [[Petrus van Eijse]] ipsum illum in pingendi sectatus est<ref name=rkd/>. [[Laurentius van der Vinne I]], filius eius, artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> i3m0tu5bl8ptbre53ftj2mxi5ltf8ea 3986184 3986183 2026-09-06T15:01:28Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986184 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana exstimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:Cattle and shepherdesses crossing a brook PK-T-AW-637, PK-T-AW-1551.tiff|thumb|right|250px|Armentum et pastores, qui rivum transeunt]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul (delineatio, [[1650]] fere)]] Post tirocinium apud textorem<ref name=web/>, a [[Franciscus Hals|Francisco Hals]]<ref name=segal/><ref name=helmer/> per novem meses anni [[1647]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/> et a [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardo Kemp]] artem picturae didicit<ref name=rkd/>. Anno [[1649]] ad [[Sancti Lucae Societas|Sancti Lucae Sodalitatem]] Harlemensem receptus est<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/><ref name=segal/>. Usque ad 21 Augusti anno[[1652]] [[Harlemum|Harlemi]] laboravit, postea cum aliquibus sodalibus [[Colonia Agrippina]]m petiit, ut in diario, ab artifice picto<ref name=web/>, scriptus est<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad 23 Septembris anno [[1652]] cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] et magistro [[Abraham Cuyper]] mansit, [[Theodoricus Helmbreker]] autem post paucos dies [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Germania]]m et [[Helvetia]]m<ref name=segal/> cum [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelio Bega]] et [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] peragravit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Colonia Agrippina]] discessa, [[Bingium]] transiit et [[Heidelberga]]m pervenit, ubi cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]] usque ad 28 Novembris anno [[1652]] mansit et delineationem praecipue studuit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea [[Colonia Agrippina]]m rediit, hic usque ad Martium anno [[1653]], cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]], primum ob [[Abraham Cuyper]], deinde ob [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardum Kemp]] laboravit. Postremo iuxta [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] cum Iusto Boelen sutore peregrinavit, contra [[Gulielmus Dubois]] in [[Nederlandia]]m rediit<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1653]] cum Iusto Boelen [[Francofurtum ad Moenum]] petiit et hic [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelium Bega]] nanctus est<ref name=rkd/>. Postea omnes tres ad [[Helvetia]]m perrexerunt, iter [[Heidelberga]]e et [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] interrumpentes<ref name=rkd/>. Postremo Aprile anno [[1653]] [[Basilea]]m petierunt et hic usque ad ver anno [[1655]] manserunt<ref name=rkd/>. Postea conati sunt [[Berna]]m pervenire, sed prae Agricolarum Bello non potuerunt, sic [[Belna (Helvetia)|Belna]]m et [[Lacus Eliacensis|Lacum Eliacensem]] transeuntes ad [[Helvetia]]e regionem Francicam pervenire constituerunt<ref name=rkd/>. Maio anno [[1653]] artifex [[Eburodunum (Valdensis)|Eburoduni]] ob Gulielmum de la Primaye, patricium Delfensem, laboravit et postea [[Genava]]e ob Marcum Roset usque ad Septembrem anno [[1654]]. Hic plures picturas magnas cum [[Genava]]e eius domi tum eius rure perfecit<ref name=rkd/>. Deinde artifex [[Lugdunum]] petiit et hic usque ad Aprilem anno [[1655]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post aliquos peregrinationes [[Gratianopolis|Gratianopolin]], [[Camberiacum]] et [[Divio|Divione]], [[Turnonium]] petiit et ubi egit hiemem<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1655]] [[Genava]]m rediit et hic brevi tempore mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea, [[Divio|Divionem]] et [[Agedincum Senonum]] transiens, [[Lutetia]]m abiit et ibi 11 Iunio pervenit<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad Augustum ob pictorem [[Petrus Forest|Petrum Forest]] in Pont Neuf laboravit et postea [[Rothomagus|Rothomagum]] transiens et [[Franciscopolis (Francia)|Franciscopoleos]] conscendens domum rediit<ref name=rkd/>. 1º Septembris anno [[1655]] [[Harlemum]] pervenit et ubi usque ad annum [[1680]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post regressum suum diarii secundum volumen confecit et ibi delineationes suas transcripsit et chalcographias topographicas a [[Matthaeus Merianus Senior|Matthaeo Meriano Seniore]] et [[Ioannes Boisseau|Ioanne Boisseau]] perfectas addidit<ref name=web/>. Praeterea topiorum vallis [[Rhenus|Rheni]] adumbrationibus libellum complevit<ref name=web/>. Anno [[1656]] Annam Jansdr de Gaver in matrimonium duxit et, sextis mensibus postquam Anna mortua erat mense Februarii anno 1668, Catalijntje Boekaert eum nupsit<ref name=web/>. In repertorio anni 1668, confecto postquam uxor prima mortua erat, undecim picturae ab eo pictae enumerantur, e quibus una natura mortua florea<ref name=segal/>. Aestate anni [[1680]] itinera frequentia fecit: nam, inter alias urbes, [[Lugdunum Batavorum]], [[Traiectum ad Rhenum]], [[Guda]]m, [[Roterodamum]], [[Delfum]] et [[Haga]]m petiit<ref name=rkd/>. Octo mensis Octobris [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. In repertorio, confecto postquam artifex mortuus erat, duodecim naturae mortuae floreae enumerantur, e quibus una a van der Vinne ipso picta<ref name=segal/>. Nunc modo comperitur una natura mortua florea, eo ipso addicitur: pictura, quae passifloras et flores alios in aedicula figurat ac extrinsecus Rechtbank Noord-Holland locatur<ref name=segal/>. Tamen probabilior est quam haec pictura perfecta est ab eius nepote [[Vincentius Laurensz van der Vinne II|Vincentio Laurensz van der Vinne II]], qui proprie tector erat<ref name=segal/>. <br> Opera Vincentii res morales, architectonicae, allegoricae, topia, praecipue hiemalia, urbium conspectus, [[natura mortua|naturae mortuae]], effigies personarum, vanitates et picturae floreae complectuntur<ref name=rkd/>. Van de Vinne calamo ac atramento cineraceo urbium conspectus pinxit secundum delineationes, quas per eius peregrinationes perfecit<ref name=web/>. Artifici etiam negotia data sunt ut cameras ac insignias pinxerit<ref name=web/>. In primis clarus est ob suas [[vanitas|vanitates]], ut exempli causa ''Vanitas cum corona regale''<ref name=web2>[https://www.wga.hu/html/v/vinne/vincent/vanitas.html Vanitas cum corona regale]</ref>. Simulacrum, quod spectat ad [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Caroli I]] martyrium, in hac pictura est, in qua Angliae regis effigies est<ref name=helmer>[https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover the Royalist Republic]</ref> (vide ''Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_Laurentsz._van_der_Vinne_I_(1628-1702)_-_Still_Life_with_a_Print_of_King_Charles_I_and_an_Upturned_Crown_-_515532_-_National_Trust.jpg Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa - Commons]</ref>). <br> [[Petrus van Eijse]] ipsum illum in pingendi sectatus est<ref name=rkd/>. [[Laurentius van der Vinne I]], filius eius, artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> q2pwe4s8q6wren9mjstd9b9n7tlfaqt 3986185 3986184 2026-09-06T15:10:03Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986185 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana exstimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul (delineatio, [[1650]] fere)]] Post tirocinium apud textorem<ref name=web/>, a [[Franciscus Hals|Francisco Hals]]<ref name=segal/><ref name=helmer/> per novem meses anni [[1647]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/> et a [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardo Kemp]] artem picturae didicit<ref name=rkd/>. Anno [[1649]] ad [[Sancti Lucae Societas|Sancti Lucae Sodalitatem]] Harlemensem receptus est<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/><ref name=segal/>. Usque ad 21 Augusti anno[[1652]] [[Harlemum|Harlemi]] laboravit, postea cum aliquibus sodalibus [[Colonia Agrippina]]m petiit, ut in diario, ab artifice picto<ref name=web/>, scriptus est<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad 23 Septembris anno [[1652]] cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] et magistro [[Abraham Cuyper]] mansit, [[Theodoricus Helmbreker]] autem post paucos dies [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Germania]]m et [[Helvetia]]m<ref name=segal/> cum [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelio Bega]] et [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] peragravit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Colonia Agrippina]] discessa, [[Bingium]] transiit et [[Heidelberga]]m pervenit, ubi cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]] usque ad 28 Novembris anno [[1652]] mansit et delineationem praecipue studuit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea [[Colonia Agrippina]]m rediit, hic usque ad Martium anno [[1653]], cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]], primum ob [[Abraham Cuyper]], deinde ob [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardum Kemp]] laboravit. Postremo iuxta [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] cum Iusto Boelen sutore peregrinavit, contra [[Gulielmus Dubois]] in [[Nederlandia]]m rediit<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1653]] cum Iusto Boelen [[Francofurtum ad Moenum]] petiit et hic [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelium Bega]] nanctus est<ref name=rkd/>. Postea omnes tres ad [[Helvetia]]m perrexerunt, iter [[Heidelberga]]e et [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] interrumpentes<ref name=rkd/>. Postremo Aprile anno [[1653]] [[Basilea]]m petierunt et hic usque ad ver anno [[1655]] manserunt<ref name=rkd/>. Postea conati sunt [[Berna]]m pervenire, sed prae Agricolarum Bello non potuerunt, sic [[Belna (Helvetia)|Belna]]m et [[Lacus Eliacensis|Lacum Eliacensem]] transeuntes ad [[Helvetia]]e regionem Francicam pervenire constituerunt<ref name=rkd/>. Maio anno [[1653]] artifex [[Eburodunum (Valdensis)|Eburoduni]] ob Gulielmum de la Primaye, patricium Delfensem, laboravit et postea [[Genava]]e ob Marcum Roset usque ad Septembrem anno [[1654]]. Hic plures picturas magnas cum [[Genava]]e eius domi tum eius rure perfecit<ref name=rkd/>. Deinde artifex [[Lugdunum]] petiit et hic usque ad Aprilem anno [[1655]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post aliquos peregrinationes [[Gratianopolis|Gratianopolin]], [[Camberiacum]] et [[Divio|Divione]], [[Turnonium]] petiit et ubi egit hiemem<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1655]] [[Genava]]m rediit et hic brevi tempore mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea, [[Divio|Divionem]] et [[Agedincum Senonum]] transiens, [[Lutetia]]m abiit et ibi 11 Iunio pervenit<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad Augustum ob pictorem [[Petrus Forest|Petrum Forest]] in Pont Neuf laboravit et postea [[Rothomagus|Rothomagum]] transiens et [[Franciscopolis (Francia)|Franciscopoleos]] conscendens domum rediit<ref name=rkd/>. 1º Septembris anno [[1655]] [[Harlemum]] pervenit et ubi usque ad annum [[1680]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post regressum suum diarii secundum volumen confecit et ibi delineationes suas transcripsit et chalcographias topographicas a [[Matthaeus Merianus Senior|Matthaeo Meriano Seniore]] et [[Ioannes Boisseau|Ioanne Boisseau]] perfectas addidit<ref name=web/>. Praeterea topiorum vallis [[Rhenus|Rheni]] adumbrationibus libellum complevit<ref name=web/>. Anno [[1656]] Annam Jansdr de Gaver in matrimonium duxit et, sextis mensibus postquam Anna mortua erat mense Februarii anno 1668, Catalijntje Boekaert eum nupsit<ref name=web/>. In repertorio anni 1668, confecto postquam uxor prima mortua erat, undecim picturae ab eo pictae enumerantur, e quibus una natura mortua florea<ref name=segal/>. Aestate anni [[1680]] itinera frequentia fecit: nam, inter alias urbes, [[Lugdunum Batavorum]], [[Traiectum ad Rhenum]], [[Guda]]m, [[Roterodamum]], [[Delfum]] et [[Haga]]m petiit<ref name=rkd/>. Octo mensis Octobris [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. In repertorio, confecto postquam artifex mortuus erat, duodecim naturae mortuae floreae enumerantur, e quibus una a van der Vinne ipso picta<ref name=segal/>. Nunc modo comperitur una natura mortua florea, eo ipso addicitur: pictura, quae passifloras et flores alios in aedicula figurat ac extrinsecus Rechtbank Noord-Holland locatur<ref name=segal/>. Tamen probabilior est quam haec pictura perfecta est ab eius nepote [[Vincentius Laurensz van der Vinne II|Vincentio Laurensz van der Vinne II]], qui proprie tector erat<ref name=segal/>. <br> Opera Vincentii res morales, architectonicae, allegoricae, topia, praecipue hiemalia, urbium conspectus, [[natura mortua|naturae mortuae]], effigies personarum, vanitates et picturae floreae complectuntur<ref name=rkd/>. Van de Vinne calamo ac atramento cineraceo urbium conspectus pinxit secundum delineationes, quas per eius peregrinationes perfecit<ref name=web/>. Artifici etiam negotia data sunt ut cameras ac insignias pinxerit<ref name=web/>. In primis clarus est ob suas [[vanitas|vanitates]], ut exempli causa ''Vanitas cum corona regale''<ref name=web2>[https://www.wga.hu/html/v/vinne/vincent/vanitas.html Vanitas cum corona regale]</ref>. Simulacrum, quod spectat ad [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Caroli I]] martyrium, in hac pictura est, in qua Angliae regis effigies est<ref name=helmer>[https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover the Royalist Republic]</ref> (vide ''Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_Laurentsz._van_der_Vinne_I_(1628-1702)_-_Still_Life_with_a_Print_of_King_Charles_I_and_an_Upturned_Crown_-_515532_-_National_Trust.jpg Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa - Commons]</ref>). <br> [[Petrus van Eijse]] ipsum illum in pingendi sectatus est<ref name=rkd/>. [[Laurentius van der Vinne I]], filius eius, artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> sk9uzquax2u83npdf5w173c9j8imzv8 3986220 3986185 2026-09-06T18:21:50Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul (delineatio, [[1650]] fere)]] Post tirocinium apud textorem<ref name=web/>, a [[Franciscus Hals|Francisco Hals]]<ref name=segal/><ref name=helmer/> per novem meses anni [[1647]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/> et a [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardo Kemp]] artem picturae didicit<ref name=rkd/>. Anno [[1649]] ad [[Sancti Lucae Societas|Sancti Lucae Sodalitatem]] Harlemensem receptus est<ref name=rkd/><ref name=web/><ref name=segal/>. Usque ad 21 Augusti anno[[1652]] [[Harlemum|Harlemi]] laboravit, postea cum aliquibus sodalibus [[Colonia Agrippina]]m petiit, ut in diario, ab artifice picto<ref name=web/>, scriptus est<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad 23 Septembris anno [[1652]] cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] et magistro [[Abraham Cuyper]] mansit, [[Theodoricus Helmbreker]] autem post paucos dies [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Germania]]m et [[Helvetia]]m<ref name=segal/> cum [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelio Bega]] et [[Gulielmus Dubois|Gulielmo Dubois]] peragravit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Colonia Agrippina]] discessa, [[Bingium]] transiit et [[Heidelberga]]m pervenit, ubi cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]] usque ad 28 Novembris anno [[1652]] mansit et delineationem praecipue studuit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea [[Colonia Agrippina]]m rediit, hic usque ad Martium anno [[1653]], cum [[Gulielmus Dubois|Dubois]], primum ob [[Abraham Cuyper]], deinde ob [[Bernardus Kemp|Bernardum Kemp]] laboravit. Postremo iuxta [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] cum Iusto Boelen sutore peregrinavit, contra [[Gulielmus Dubois]] in [[Nederlandia]]m rediit<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1653]] cum Iusto Boelen [[Francofurtum ad Moenum]] petiit et hic [[Cornelius Bega|Cornelium Bega]] nanctus est<ref name=rkd/>. Postea omnes tres ad [[Helvetia]]m perrexerunt, iter [[Heidelberga]]e et [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] interrumpentes<ref name=rkd/>. Postremo Aprile anno [[1653]] [[Basilea]]m petierunt et hic usque ad ver anno [[1655]] manserunt<ref name=rkd/>. Postea conati sunt [[Berna]]m pervenire, sed prae Agricolarum Bello non potuerunt, sic [[Belna (Helvetia)|Belna]]m et [[Lacus Eliacensis|Lacum Eliacensem]] transeuntes ad [[Helvetia]]e regionem Francicam pervenire constituerunt<ref name=rkd/>. Maio anno [[1653]] artifex [[Eburodunum (Valdensis)|Eburoduni]] ob Gulielmum de la Primaye, patricium Delfensem, laboravit et postea [[Genava]]e ob Marcum Roset usque ad Septembrem anno [[1654]]. Hic plures picturas magnas cum [[Genava]]e eius domi tum eius rure perfecit<ref name=rkd/>. Deinde artifex [[Lugdunum]] petiit et hic usque ad Aprilem anno [[1655]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post aliquos peregrinationes [[Gratianopolis|Gratianopolin]], [[Camberiacum]] et [[Divio|Divione]], [[Turnonium]] petiit et ubi egit hiemem<ref name=rkd/>. Aprile anno [[1655]] [[Genava]]m rediit et hic brevi tempore mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Postea, [[Divio|Divionem]] et [[Agedincum Senonum]] transiens, [[Lutetia]]m abiit et ibi 11 Iunio pervenit<ref name=rkd/>. Hic usque ad Augustum ob pictorem [[Petrus Forest|Petrum Forest]] in Pont Neuf laboravit et postea [[Rothomagus|Rothomagum]] transiens et [[Franciscopolis (Francia)|Franciscopoleos]] conscendens domum rediit<ref name=rkd/>. 1º Septembris anno [[1655]] [[Harlemum]] pervenit et ubi usque ad annum [[1680]] mansit<ref name=rkd/>. Post regressum suum diarii secundum volumen confecit et ibi delineationes suas transcripsit et chalcographias topographicas a [[Matthaeus Merianus Senior|Matthaeo Meriano Seniore]] et [[Ioannes Boisseau|Ioanne Boisseau]] perfectas addidit<ref name=web/>. Praeterea topiorum vallis [[Rhenus|Rheni]] adumbrationibus libellum complevit<ref name=web/>. Anno [[1656]] Annam Jansdr de Gaver in matrimonium duxit et, sextis mensibus postquam Anna mortua erat mense Februarii anno 1668, Catalijntje Boekaert eum nupsit<ref name=web/>. In repertorio anni 1668, confecto postquam uxor prima mortua erat, undecim picturae ab eo pictae enumerantur, e quibus una natura mortua florea<ref name=segal/>. Aestate anni [[1680]] itinera frequentia fecit: nam, inter alias urbes, [[Lugdunum Batavorum]], [[Traiectum ad Rhenum]], [[Guda]]m, [[Roterodamum]], [[Delfum]] et [[Haga]]m petiit<ref name=rkd/>. Octo mensis Octobris [[Harlemum]] rediit<ref name=rkd/>. In repertorio, confecto postquam artifex mortuus erat, duodecim naturae mortuae floreae enumerantur, e quibus una a van der Vinne ipso picta<ref name=segal/>. Nunc modo comperitur una natura mortua florea, eo ipso addicitur: pictura, quae passifloras et flores alios in aedicula figurat ac extrinsecus Rechtbank Noord-Holland locatur<ref name=segal/>. Tamen probabilior est quam haec pictura perfecta est ab eius nepote [[Vincentius Laurensz van der Vinne II|Vincentio Laurensz van der Vinne II]], qui proprie tector erat<ref name=segal/>. <br> Opera Vincentii res morales, architectonicae, allegoricae, topia, praecipue hiemalia, urbium conspectus, [[natura mortua|naturae mortuae]], effigies personarum, vanitates et picturae floreae complectuntur<ref name=rkd/>. Van de Vinne calamo ac atramento cineraceo urbium conspectus pinxit secundum delineationes, quas per eius peregrinationes perfecit<ref name=web/>. Artifici etiam negotia data sunt ut cameras ac insignias pinxerit<ref name=web/>. In primis clarus est ob suas [[vanitas|vanitates]], ut exempli causa ''Vanitas cum corona regale''<ref name=web2>[https://www.wga.hu/html/v/vinne/vincent/vanitas.html Vanitas cum corona regale]</ref>. Simulacrum, quod spectat ad [[Carolus I (rex Angliae)|Caroli I]] martyrium, in hac pictura est, in qua Angliae regis effigies est<ref name=helmer>[https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover the Royalist Republic]</ref> (vide ''Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vincent_Laurentsz._van_der_Vinne_I_(1628-1702)_-_Still_Life_with_a_Print_of_King_Charles_I_and_an_Upturned_Crown_-_515532_-_National_Trust.jpg Vanitas cum Caroli I effigie et corona eversa - Commons]</ref>). <br> [[Petrus van Eijse]] ipsum illum in pingendi sectatus est<ref name=rkd/>. [[Laurentius van der Vinne I]], filius eius, artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> r7mqh4tda9zjjusbrngswud7x2h84mp 3986221 3986220 2026-09-06T18:59:34Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986221 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorunm operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Carolis Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit e divenne assistente del padre nel suo studio<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Durante il suo tirocinio, acquisì pratica nella miscelazione dei colori, preparazione delle tele e definizione degli sfondi<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cita news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale|pubblicazione=History of American Women|data=30 marzo 2018|lingua=en}}</ref> Sarah e le sue sorelle, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margaretta Angelica Peale|Margaretta Angelica]], erano diverse dalle donne della classe media del tempo, poiché avevano ricevuto un'istruzione, imparando ad essere mogli e madri e sviluppando conoscenze imprenditoriali e artistiche dalla loro famiglia<ref>{{Cita libro|titolo=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|autore=Miller Lillian|editore=Abbeville Press|anno=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Da giovane, acquisì esperienza dando gli ultimi ritocchi ai dipinti di suo padre. Le sue prime opere risalgono al 1816 e raffigurano soggetti come fiori e nature morte, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cita pubblicazione | cognome = Chico | nome = Beverly Berghaus | data = Autunno 1976 | titolo = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | rivista = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | numero = 3 | p = 349 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Per {{M|25|u=anni}}, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cita web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | titolo= Maryland Art Source| urlarchivio=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | editore= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | data= 19 giugno 2003 | dataarchivio= 13 gennaio 2003 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cita libro|autore=Miller Lillian B.|titolo=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|anno=1996|editore=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|p=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cita libro|autore=Morgan Ann Lee|titolo=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |editore=Oxford University Press |città=New York|anno=2007 |p=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cita web|titolo=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|sito=national Women's History Museum|accesso=6 Giugno 2017|data=8 novembre 2016|urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|urlmorto=sì}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cita libro|autore=King Joan |titolo=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |editore=Branden Books|anno=1987 |p=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale {{!}} National Museum of Women in the Arts|sito=nmwa.org|lingua=en|accesso=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> oxaepaagjst1di7gvcrzioxpspa7rw4 3986222 3986221 2026-09-06T19:00:18Z Maria.martelli 20183 /* Biographia */ 3986222 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorunm operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit e divenne assistente del padre nel suo studio<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Durante il suo tirocinio, acquisì pratica nella miscelazione dei colori, preparazione delle tele e definizione degli sfondi<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cita news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale|pubblicazione=History of American Women|data=30 marzo 2018|lingua=en}}</ref> Sarah e le sue sorelle, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margaretta Angelica Peale|Margaretta Angelica]], erano diverse dalle donne della classe media del tempo, poiché avevano ricevuto un'istruzione, imparando ad essere mogli e madri e sviluppando conoscenze imprenditoriali e artistiche dalla loro famiglia<ref>{{Cita libro|titolo=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|autore=Miller Lillian|editore=Abbeville Press|anno=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Da giovane, acquisì esperienza dando gli ultimi ritocchi ai dipinti di suo padre. Le sue prime opere risalgono al 1816 e raffigurano soggetti come fiori e nature morte, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cita pubblicazione | cognome = Chico | nome = Beverly Berghaus | data = Autunno 1976 | titolo = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | rivista = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | numero = 3 | p = 349 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Per {{M|25|u=anni}}, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cita web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | titolo= Maryland Art Source| urlarchivio=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | editore= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | data= 19 giugno 2003 | dataarchivio= 13 gennaio 2003 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cita libro|autore=Miller Lillian B.|titolo=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|anno=1996|editore=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|p=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cita libro|autore=Morgan Ann Lee|titolo=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |editore=Oxford University Press |città=New York|anno=2007 |p=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cita web|titolo=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|sito=national Women's History Museum|accesso=6 Giugno 2017|data=8 novembre 2016|urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|urlmorto=sì}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cita libro|autore=King Joan |titolo=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |editore=Branden Books|anno=1987 |p=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale {{!}} National Museum of Women in the Arts|sito=nmwa.org|lingua=en|accesso=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> 6tamwfbz0f6cer30tgcw7e6cpa4vlli 3986224 3986222 2026-09-06T19:28:19Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986224 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> '''Sara Miriama Peale''' (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorunm operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cita news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale|pubblicazione=History of American Women|data=30 marzo 2018|lingua=en}}</ref> Sarah e le sue sorelle, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margaretta Angelica Peale|Margaretta Angelica]], erano diverse dalle donne della classe media del tempo, poiché avevano ricevuto un'istruzione, imparando ad essere mogli e madri e sviluppando conoscenze imprenditoriali e artistiche dalla loro famiglia<ref>{{Cita libro|titolo=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|autore=Miller Lillian|editore=Abbeville Press|anno=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Da giovane, acquisì esperienza dando gli ultimi ritocchi ai dipinti di suo padre. Le sue prime opere risalgono al 1816 e raffigurano soggetti come fiori e nature morte, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cita pubblicazione | cognome = Chico | nome = Beverly Berghaus | data = Autunno 1976 | titolo = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | rivista = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | numero = 3 | p = 349 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Per {{M|25|u=anni}}, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cita web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | titolo= Maryland Art Source| urlarchivio=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | editore= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | data= 19 giugno 2003 | dataarchivio= 13 gennaio 2003 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cita libro|autore=Miller Lillian B.|titolo=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|anno=1996|editore=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|p=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cita libro|autore=Morgan Ann Lee|titolo=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |editore=Oxford University Press |città=New York|anno=2007 |p=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cita web|titolo=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|sito=national Women's History Museum|accesso=6 Giugno 2017|data=8 novembre 2016|urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|urlmorto=sì}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cita libro|autore=King Joan |titolo=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |editore=Branden Books|anno=1987 |p=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale {{!}} National Museum of Women in the Arts|sito=nmwa.org|lingua=en|accesso=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> e8sd7mqnfae18gsebhc5bzblygxtjkb 3986225 3986224 2026-09-06T19:31:03Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986225 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorunm operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cita news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale|pubblicazione=History of American Women|data=30 marzo 2018|lingua=en}}</ref> Sarah e le sue sorelle, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margaretta Angelica Peale|Margaretta Angelica]], erano diverse dalle donne della classe media del tempo, poiché avevano ricevuto un'istruzione, imparando ad essere mogli e madri e sviluppando conoscenze imprenditoriali e artistiche dalla loro famiglia<ref>{{Cita libro|titolo=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|autore=Miller Lillian|editore=Abbeville Press|anno=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Da giovane, acquisì esperienza dando gli ultimi ritocchi ai dipinti di suo padre. Le sue prime opere risalgono al 1816 e raffigurano soggetti come fiori e nature morte, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cita pubblicazione | cognome = Chico | nome = Beverly Berghaus | data = Autunno 1976 | titolo = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | rivista = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | numero = 3 | p = 349 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Per {{M|25|u=anni}}, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cita web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | titolo= Maryland Art Source| urlarchivio=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | editore= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | data= 19 giugno 2003 | dataarchivio= 13 gennaio 2003 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cita libro|autore=Miller Lillian B.|titolo=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|anno=1996|editore=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|p=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cita libro|autore=Morgan Ann Lee|titolo=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |editore=Oxford University Press |città=New York|anno=2007 |p=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cita web|titolo=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|sito=national Women's History Museum|accesso=6 Giugno 2017|data=8 novembre 2016|urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|urlmorto=sì}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cita libro|autore=King Joan |titolo=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |editore=Branden Books|anno=1987 |p=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale {{!}} National Museum of Women in the Arts|sito=nmwa.org|lingua=en|accesso=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> 2t0v9xor2yf4p8fqzorsq6ahu5dgkk2 3986226 3986225 2026-09-06T19:34:49Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986226 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorunm operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cita news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale|pubblicazione=History of American Women|data=30 marzo 2018|lingua=en}}</ref> Sarah e le sue sorelle, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margaretta Angelica Peale|Margaretta Angelica]], erano diverse dalle donne della classe media del tempo, poiché avevano ricevuto un'istruzione, imparando ad essere mogli e madri e sviluppando conoscenze imprenditoriali e artistiche dalla loro famiglia<ref>{{Cita libro|titolo=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|autore=Miller Lillian|editore=Abbeville Press|anno=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Da giovane, acquisì esperienza dando gli ultimi ritocchi ai dipinti di suo padre. Le sue prime opere risalgono al 1816 e raffigurano soggetti come fiori e nature morte, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cita pubblicazione | cognome = Chico | nome = Beverly Berghaus | data = Autunno 1976 | titolo = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | rivista = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | numero = 3 | p = 349 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Per {{M|25|u=anni}}, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cita web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | titolo= Maryland Art Source| urlarchivio=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | editore= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | data= 19 giugno 2003 | dataarchivio= 13 gennaio 2003 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cita libro|autore=Miller Lillian B.|titolo=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|anno=1996|editore=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|p=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cita libro|autore=Morgan Ann Lee|titolo=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |editore=Oxford University Press |città=New York|anno=2007 |p=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cita web|titolo=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|sito=national Women's History Museum|accesso=6 Giugno 2017|data=8 novembre 2016|urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|urlmorto=sì}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cita libro|autore=King Joan |titolo=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |editore=Branden Books|anno=1987 |p=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale {{!}} National Museum of Women in the Arts|sito=nmwa.org|lingua=en|accesso=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> 2c2uwnq06wdw4djqnsvpf3dzi36yqvz 3986227 3986226 2026-09-06T19:36:00Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986227 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorunm operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cita news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale|pubblicazione=History of American Women|data=30 marzo 2018|lingua=en}}</ref> Sarah e le sue sorelle, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margaretta Angelica Peale|Margaretta Angelica]], erano diverse dalle donne della classe media del tempo, poiché avevano ricevuto un'istruzione, imparando ad essere mogli e madri e sviluppando conoscenze imprenditoriali e artistiche dalla loro famiglia<ref>{{Cita libro|titolo=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|autore=Miller Lillian|editore=Abbeville Press|anno=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Da giovane, acquisì esperienza dando gli ultimi ritocchi ai dipinti di suo padre. Le sue prime opere risalgono al 1816 e raffigurano soggetti come fiori e nature morte, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cita pubblicazione | cognome = Chico | nome = Beverly Berghaus | data = Autunno 1976 | titolo = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | rivista = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | numero = 3 | p = 349 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Per {{M|25|u=anni}}, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cita web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | titolo= Maryland Art Source| urlarchivio=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | editore= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | data= 19 giugno 2003 | dataarchivio= 13 gennaio 2003 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cita libro|autore=Miller Lillian B.|titolo=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|anno=1996|editore=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|p=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cita libro|autore=Morgan Ann Lee|titolo=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |editore=Oxford University Press |città=New York|anno=2007 |p=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cita web|titolo=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|sito=national Women's History Museum|accesso=6 Giugno 2017|data=8 novembre 2016|urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|urlmorto=sì}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cita libro|autore=King Joan |titolo=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |editore=Branden Books|anno=1987 |p=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale {{!}} National Museum of Women in the Arts|sito=nmwa.org|lingua=en|accesso=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cita libro|autore=Greer Germaine |titolo=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |editore=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|anno=2001 |p=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cita libro|autore=Eleanor Tufts|coautori=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|titolo=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|anno=1987|editore=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> 537wgwaar8a9dmvwzq779wiewiwmyb2 3986228 3986227 2026-09-06T19:37:50Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986228 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorunm operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref> Sarah e le sue sorelle, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margaretta Angelica Peale|Margaretta Angelica]], erano diverse dalle donne della classe media del tempo, poiché avevano ricevuto un'istruzione, imparando ad essere mogli e madri e sviluppando conoscenze imprenditoriali e artistiche dalla loro famiglia<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Da giovane, acquisì esperienza dando gli ultimi ritocchi ai dipinti di suo padre. Le sue prime opere risalgono al 1816 e raffigurano soggetti come fiori e nature morte, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cita pubblicazione | cognome = Chico | nome = Beverly Berghaus | data = Autunno 1976 | titolo = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | rivista = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | numero = 3 | p = 349 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Per {{M|25|u=anni}}, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cita web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | titolo= Maryland Art Source| urlarchivio=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | editore= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | data= 19 giugno 2003 | dataarchivio= 13 gennaio 2003 | lingua= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cita libro|autore=Miller Lillian B.|titolo=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|anno=1996|editore=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|p=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cita libro|autore=Morgan Ann Lee|titolo=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |editore=Oxford University Press |città=New York|anno=2007 |p=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cita web|titolo=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|sito=national Women's History Museum|accesso=6 Giugno 2017|data=8 novembre 2016|urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|urlmorto=sì}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cita libro|autore=King Joan |titolo=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |editore=Branden Books|anno=1987 |p=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cita web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|titolo=Sarah Miriam Peale {{!}} National Museum of Women in the Arts|sito=nmwa.org|lingua=en|accesso=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cita libro|autore=Greer Germaine |titolo=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |editore=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|anno=2001 |p=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cita libro|autore=Eleanor Tufts|coautori=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|titolo=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|anno=1987|editore=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> sti0ao9yckv1y97oil9iq0d2lutyfqq 3986235 3986228 2026-09-06T19:55:15Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986235 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorunm operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref> Sarah e le sue sorelle, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margaretta Angelica Peale|Margaretta Angelica]], erano diverse dalle donne della classe media del tempo, poiché avevano ricevuto un'istruzione, imparando ad essere mogli e madri e sviluppando conoscenze imprenditoriali e artistiche dalla loro famiglia<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Da giovane, acquisì esperienza dando gli ultimi ritocchi ai dipinti di suo padre. Le sue prime opere risalgono al 1816 e raffigurano soggetti come fiori e nature morte, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cite journal| last = Chico | first = Beverly Berghaus | date = Autunno 1976 | title = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | journal = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | issue= 3 | page = 349 | language= en}}</ref>. Per 25 anni, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | title= Maryland Art Source| urlarchive=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | publisher= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | date= 19 giugno 2003 | datearchive= 13 gennaio 2003 | language= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cite book|author=Miller Lillian B.|title=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|year=1996|publisher=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|page=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cite book|author=Morgan Ann Lee|title=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York|year=2007 |page=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|work=national Women's History Museum|accessdate=6 Giugno 2017|date=8 novembre 2016|urlarchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|url=dead}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cite book|author=King Joan |title=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |publisher=Branden Books|year=1987 |page=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work= National Museum of Women in the Arts nmwa.org|language=en|accessdate=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cite book|author=Greer Germaine |title=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2001 |page=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cite book|author=Eleanor Tufts|author2=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|title=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> f8qxynyuh84gyx67bbwd8rx8yg80rrx 3986242 3986235 2026-09-06T20:56:29Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986242 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorunm operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref>. Sara et sorores suae, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margarita Angelica Peale|Margarita Angelica]], a mulieribus medii ordinis illius temporis differebant, cum educationem accepissent, uxores et matres esse didicerant, et scientiam mercatoriam et artisticam a familia sua sumpserant<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Adulescens, experientiam comparavit dum extremam manum picturis patris imposuit. Prima eius opera ex anno 1816 oriuntur et argumenta ut flores et naturas mortuas depingunt, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cite journal| last = Chico | first = Beverly Berghaus | date = Autunno 1976 | title = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | journal = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | issue= 3 | page = 349 | language= en}}</ref>. Per 25 anni, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | title= Maryland Art Source| urlarchive=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | publisher= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | date= 19 giugno 2003 | datearchive= 13 gennaio 2003 | language= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cite book|author=Miller Lillian B.|title=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|year=1996|publisher=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|page=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cite book|author=Morgan Ann Lee|title=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York|year=2007 |page=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|work=national Women's History Museum|accessdate=6 Giugno 2017|date=8 novembre 2016|urlarchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|url=dead}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cite book|author=King Joan |title=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |publisher=Branden Books|year=1987 |page=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work= National Museum of Women in the Arts nmwa.org|language=en|accessdate=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cite book|author=Greer Germaine |title=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2001 |page=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cite book|author=Eleanor Tufts|author2=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|title=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> jn6sf2l5yfba1ps6p7aika7n184lkiw 3986243 3986242 2026-09-06T20:57:49Z Maria.martelli 20183 /* Biographia */ 3986243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorum operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref>. Sara et sorores suae, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margarita Angelica Peale|Margarita Angelica]], a mulieribus medii ordinis illius temporis differebant, cum educationem accepissent, uxores et matres esse didicerant, et scientiam mercatoriam et artisticam a familia sua sumpserant<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Adulescens, experientiam comparavit dum extremam manum picturis patris imposuit. Prima eius opera ex anno 1816 oriuntur et argumenta ut flores et naturas mortuas depingunt, ma presto si dedicò alla ritrattistica. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cite journal| last = Chico | first = Beverly Berghaus | date = Autunno 1976 | title = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | journal = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | issue= 3 | page = 349 | language= en}}</ref>. Per 25 anni, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | title= Maryland Art Source| urlarchive=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | publisher= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | date= 19 giugno 2003 | datearchive= 13 gennaio 2003 | language= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cite book|author=Miller Lillian B.|title=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|year=1996|publisher=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|page=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cite book|author=Morgan Ann Lee|title=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York|year=2007 |page=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|work=national Women's History Museum|accessdate=6 Giugno 2017|date=8 novembre 2016|urlarchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|url=dead}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cite book|author=King Joan |title=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |publisher=Branden Books|year=1987 |page=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work= National Museum of Women in the Arts nmwa.org|language=en|accessdate=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cite book|author=Greer Germaine |title=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2001 |page=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cite book|author=Eleanor Tufts|author2=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|title=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> funo6k5vqdza6vs6zkpszgyjxb0vj35 3986248 3986243 2026-09-06T21:12:50Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorum operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref>. Sara et sorores suae, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margarita Angelica Peale|Margarita Angelica]], a mulieribus medii ordinis illius temporis differebant, cum educationem accepissent, uxores et matres esse didicerant, et scientiam mercatoriam et artisticam a familia sua sumpserant<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Adulescens, experientiam comparavit dum extremam manum picturis patris imposuit. Primae eius operae ad annum 1816 pertinent et res inanimas quales sunt flores effingunt, mox tamen se ad vultus exprimendos convertit. Nel 1818, trascorse tre mesi con [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cite journal| last = Chico | first = Beverly Berghaus | date = Autunno 1976 | title = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | journal = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | issue= 3 | page = 349 | language= en}}</ref>. Per 25 anni, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | title= Maryland Art Source| urlarchive=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | publisher= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | date= 19 giugno 2003 | datearchive= 13 gennaio 2003 | language= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cite book|author=Miller Lillian B.|title=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|year=1996|publisher=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|page=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cite book|author=Morgan Ann Lee|title=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York|year=2007 |page=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|work=national Women's History Museum|accessdate=6 Giugno 2017|date=8 novembre 2016|urlarchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|url=dead}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cite book|author=King Joan |title=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |publisher=Branden Books|year=1987 |page=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work= National Museum of Women in the Arts nmwa.org|language=en|accessdate=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cite book|author=Greer Germaine |title=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2001 |page=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cite book|author=Eleanor Tufts|author2=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|title=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> guodpc53pvwfou50averai1d9vh1nf8 3986249 3986248 2026-09-06T21:23:25Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorum operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref>. Sara et sorores suae, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margarita Angelica Peale|Margarita Angelica]], a mulieribus medii ordinis illius temporis differebant, cum educationem accepissent, uxores et matres esse didicerant, et scientiam mercatoriam et artisticam a familia sua sumpserant<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Adulescens, experientiam comparavit dum extremam manum picturis patris imposuit. Primae eius operae ad annum 1816 pertinent et res inanimas quales sunt flores effingunt, mox tamen se ad vultus exprimendos convertit. Anno 1818, degit tres menses cum [[Rembrandt Peale]], suo cugino, a [[Baltimora]], e di nuovo nel 1820 e nel 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cite journal| last = Chico | first = Beverly Berghaus | date = Autunno 1976 | title = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | journal = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | issue= 3 | page = 349 | language= en}}</ref>. Per 25 anni, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | title= Maryland Art Source| urlarchive=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | publisher= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | date= 19 giugno 2003 | datearchive= 13 gennaio 2003 | language= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cite book|author=Miller Lillian B.|title=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|year=1996|publisher=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|page=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cite book|author=Morgan Ann Lee|title=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York|year=2007 |page=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|work=national Women's History Museum|accessdate=6 Giugno 2017|date=8 novembre 2016|urlarchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|url=dead}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cite book|author=King Joan |title=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |publisher=Branden Books|year=1987 |page=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work= National Museum of Women in the Arts nmwa.org|language=en|accessdate=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cite book|author=Greer Germaine |title=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2001 |page=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cite book|author=Eleanor Tufts|author2=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|title=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> 26tf17j340cunyn44yiu2azme70z3dy 3986251 3986249 2026-09-06T21:28:44Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorum operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref>. Sara et sorores suae, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margarita Angelica Peale|Margarita Angelica]], a mulieribus medii ordinis illius temporis differebant, cum educationem accepissent, uxores et matres esse didicerant, et scientiam mercatoriam et artisticam a familia sua sumpserant<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Adulescens, experientiam comparavit dum extremam manum picturis patris imposuit. Primae eius operae ad annum 1816 pertinent et res inanimas quales sunt flores effingunt, mox tamen se ad vultus exprimendos convertit. Anno 1818, tres menses cum [[Rembrandus Peale|Rembrando Peale]], suo consobrino, [[Baltimora]]e degit, et iterum annis 1820 et 1822. Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cite journal| last = Chico | first = Beverly Berghaus | date = Autunno 1976 | title = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | journal = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | issue= 3 | page = 349 | language= en}}</ref>. Per 25 anni, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | title= Maryland Art Source| urlarchive=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | publisher= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | date= 19 giugno 2003 | datearchive= 13 gennaio 2003 | language= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cite book|author=Miller Lillian B.|title=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|year=1996|publisher=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|page=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cite book|author=Morgan Ann Lee|title=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York|year=2007 |page=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|work=national Women's History Museum|accessdate=6 Giugno 2017|date=8 novembre 2016|urlarchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|url=dead}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cite book|author=King Joan |title=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |publisher=Branden Books|year=1987 |page=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work= National Museum of Women in the Arts nmwa.org|language=en|accessdate=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cite book|author=Greer Germaine |title=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2001 |page=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cite book|author=Eleanor Tufts|author2=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|title=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> fpfv78pghe4otnkcaw9wuvaaof6j83h 3986252 3986251 2026-09-06T21:43:11Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorum operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref>. Sara et sorores suae, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margarita Angelica Peale|Margarita Angelica]], a mulieribus medii ordinis illius temporis differebant, cum educationem accepissent, uxores et matres esse didicerant, et scientiam mercatoriam et artisticam a familia sua sumpserant<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Adulescens, experientiam comparavit dum extremam manum picturis patris imposuit. Primae eius operae ad annum 1816 pertinent et res inanimas quales sunt flores effingunt, mox tamen se ad vultus exprimendos convertit. Anno 1818, tres menses cum [[Rembrandus Peale|Rembrando Peale]], suo consobrino, [[Baltimora]]e degit, et iterum annis 1820 et 1822. Is, sicut criticus Ioannes Neal, stilum pictorium eius primum et argumenta affecit Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cite journal| last = Chico | first = Beverly Berghaus | date = Autunno 1976 | title = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | journal = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | issue= 3 | page = 349 | language= en}}</ref>. Per 25 anni, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | title= Maryland Art Source| urlarchive=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | publisher= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | date= 19 giugno 2003 | datearchive= 13 gennaio 2003 | language= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cite book|author=Miller Lillian B.|title=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|year=1996|publisher=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|page=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cite book|author=Morgan Ann Lee|title=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York|year=2007 |page=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|work=national Women's History Museum|accessdate=6 Giugno 2017|date=8 novembre 2016|urlarchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|url=dead}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cite book|author=King Joan |title=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |publisher=Branden Books|year=1987 |page=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work= National Museum of Women in the Arts nmwa.org|language=en|accessdate=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cite book|author=Greer Germaine |title=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2001 |page=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cite book|author=Eleanor Tufts|author2=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|title=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> i35rqiuzati1uov3rbb30bi9k1hl2ft 3986253 3986252 2026-09-06T21:43:49Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986253 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorum operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref>. Sara et sorores suae, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margarita Angelica Peale|Margarita Angelica]], a mulieribus medii ordinis illius temporis differebant, cum educationem accepissent, uxores et matres esse didicerant, et scientiam mercatoriam et artisticam a familia sua sumpserant<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Adulescens, experientiam comparavit dum extremam manum picturis patris imposuit. Primae eius operae ad annum 1816 pertinent et res inanimas quales sunt flores effingunt, mox tamen se ad vultus exprimendos convertit. Anno 1818, tres menses cum [[Rembrandus Peale|Rembrando Peale]], suo consobrino, [[Baltimora]]e degit, et iterum annis 1820 et 1822. Is, sicut criticus [[Ioannes Neal]], stilum pictorium eius primum et argumenta affecit Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cite journal| last = Chico | first = Beverly Berghaus | date = Autunno 1976 | title = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | journal = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | issue= 3 | page = 349 | language= en}}</ref>. Per 25 anni, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | title= Maryland Art Source| urlarchive=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | publisher= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | date= 19 giugno 2003 | datearchive= 13 gennaio 2003 | language= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cite book|author=Miller Lillian B.|title=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|year=1996|publisher=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|page=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cite book|author=Morgan Ann Lee|title=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York|year=2007 |page=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|work=national Women's History Museum|accessdate=6 Giugno 2017|date=8 novembre 2016|urlarchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|url=dead}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cite book|author=King Joan |title=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |publisher=Branden Books|year=1987 |page=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work= National Museum of Women in the Arts nmwa.org|language=en|accessdate=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cite book|author=Greer Germaine |title=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2001 |page=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cite book|author=Eleanor Tufts|author2=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|title=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> mf8zotmn7ck79vot0wie6fzx28aq2dl 3986255 3986253 2026-09-06T21:44:25Z Maria.martelli 20183 3986255 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Monitus de harenario usoris|f}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Still Life with Watermelon, by Sarah Miriam Peale, 1822, oil on panel - Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University - DSC01409.jpg|thumb|250px|Natura mortua cum citrullo lanato]] <!--__NOTOC__ --> <!--{{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} --> {{res|Sara Miriama Peale}} (''vulgo'': '''Sarah Miriam Peale'''; [[Philadelphia]]e 19 Maii anno [[1800]] nata; [[Philadelphia]]e 4 Februarii anno [[1885]] mortua) fuit [[Saeculum Aureum Batavicum|saeculi aurei]] pictrix pictor et [[adumbratio]]nis peritissimus artifex [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]], quae praecipue imagines personarum effingebat. Praeterea prima mulier Americana extimabatur quae picturae opere se sustentaret<ref name = "Peale Family">{{cite web |url=http://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/archive/peale-family-of-painters/ |title=The Peale Family of Painters |author=Ogden Kate |publisher= Rutgers University: Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |year=2016 |accessdate=6 Gennaio 2017}}</ref>. Ex familia artificum orta, cuius patruus [[Carolus Willson Peale]] clarissimus erat, Sara Peale imagines pinxit potissimum illustrium virorum, civium politicorum et ducum militarium [[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]], [[Pennsilvania|Pennsilvania]]e et [[Vasingtonia (D.C.)|Vasingtonia]]e. [[La Fayette]] effigiem quater pinxit. == Biographia == [[Fasciculus:EBosley.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elias Bosley effigies (1740–1841), Oleis in linteo, 62,23 x 73,66 cm, fere anno 1825]] [[Fasciculus:Basket of berries sarah miriam peale.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Fiscus cum bacis, [[1860]])]] Sara filia minima natu erat minutorum operum et naturae mortuae pictoris [[Iacomus Peale|Iacomi Peale]], fratris minoris natu [[Carolus Willson Peale|Caroli Willson Peale]], et Miriamae Claypoole. A patre et fratuo artem picturae didicit et adiutrix patris in officina eius facta est<ref name = "Peale Family"/>. Per discipulatum, coloribus miscendis, lintiis parandis fundisque adumbrandis usum comparavit<ref name="History of American Women">{{Cite news|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2015/04/sarah-miriam-peale.html|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work=History of American Women|accessdate=30 marzo 2018|language=en}}</ref>. Sara et sorores suae, [[Anna Claypoole Peale|Anna Claypoole]] e [[Margarita Angelica Peale|Margarita Angelica]], a mulieribus medii ordinis illius temporis differebant, cum educationem accepissent, uxores et matres esse didicerant, et scientiam mercatoriam et artisticam a familia sua sumpserant<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Peale Family: Creation of a Legacy (1770-1870)|author=Miller Lillian|publisher=Abbeville Press|year=1996|ISBN=0-7892-0206-9|p=228}}</ref>. Adulescens, experientiam comparavit dum extremam manum picturis patris iniecit. Primae eius operae ad annum 1816 pertinent et res inanimas quales sunt flores effingunt, mox tamen se ad vultus exprimendos convertit. Anno 1818, tres menses cum [[Rembrandus Peale|Rembrando Peale]], suo consobrino, [[Baltimora]]e degit, et iterum annis 1820 et 1822. Is, sicut criticus [[Ioannes Neal]], stilum pictorium eius primum et argumenta affecit Egli influenzò il suo stile pittorico iniziale e i suoi soggetti, così come il critico [[John Neal]]<ref>{{cite journal| last = Chico | first = Beverly Berghaus | date = Autunno 1976 | title = Two American Firsts: Sara Peale, Portrait Painter, and John Neal, Critic | url = https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5800/sc5881/000001/000000/000283/pdf/msa_sc_5881_1_283.pdf | journal = Maryland Historical Society Magazine | volume = 71 | issue= 3 | page = 349 | language= en}}</ref>. Per 25 anni, operò a Baltimora (1822–1847) e, saltuariamente, a Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | title= Maryland Art Source| urlarchive=https://20030113231623/http://www.marylandartsource.org/artists/detail_000000042.html | publisher= The Baltimore Art Research & Outreach Consortium | date= 19 giugno 2003 | datearchive= 13 gennaio 2003 | language= en}}</ref>. Partecipò alle sessioni del Congresso e dipinse ritratti di molte personalità pubbliche<ref>{{cite book|author=Miller Lillian B.|title=The Peale family: creation of a legacy, 1770-1870|year=1996|publisher=Abbeville Press|ISBN=9780789202062|page=240}}</ref>. Sarah espose per la prima volta alla Pennsylvania Academy con ''Ritratto di una signora'' (1818). Fu ammessa alla [[Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts]] nel 1824<ref name="Brooklyn">Dinner Party database of notable women at the Brooklyn Museum</ref> insieme a sua sorella [[Anna Claypoole Peale]]<ref name="Morgan">{{cite book|author=Morgan Ann Lee|title=The Oxford dictionary of American art and artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York|year=2007 |page=367|ISBN=978-0-19-512878-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pyvjWAcwnHEC&pg=PA367}}</ref>, le prime donne a raggiungere questo traguardo. Aprì uno studio a Baltimora nel 1831<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarah Peale (1800-1885)|url=https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|work=national Women's History Museum|accessdate=6 Giugno 2017|date=8 novembre 2016|urlarchive=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108014242/https://www.nwhm.org/education-resources/biography/biographies/sarah-peale/|url=dead}}</ref>. Sono noti oltre 100 ritratti su commissione realizzati durante il suo periodo a Baltimora. Era considerata l'artista più prolifica della città in quell'epoca<ref name="King">{{cite book|author=King Joan |title=Sarah M. Peale: America's first woman artist |publisher=Branden Books|year=1987 |page=296|ISBN=0-8283-1999-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9EpzXYTgE5YC&pg=PA296}}</ref>. I suoi ritratti a olio furono subito richiesti da membri del Congresso, diplomatici e altri individui facoltosi nella zona del [[Maryland|Maryland.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/sarah-miriam-peale|title=Sarah Miriam Peale|work= National Museum of Women in the Arts nmwa.org|language=en|accessdate=30 marzo 2018}}</ref>. Il suo lavoro di ritrattista è considerato stilisticamente unico per l'uso di pellicce, pizzi e tessuti dettagliati, nonché per la resa realistica di volti, pelle e capelli<ref name="History of American Women"/>. [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Hadriani Banckert effigies ([[1673]])]] [[Fasciculus:|thumb|right|250px|Forum boarium magnum parvumque, et piscatorium]] Nel 1847, problemi di salute la costrinsero a trasferirsi a [[St. Louis]], dove ebbe successo in modo indipendente, diventando una delle prime artiste professioniste americane in grado di guadagnarsi da vivere con il proprio lavoro<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. La maggior parte delle sue opere di quest'epoca si trova in mani private<ref name="King"/>. Intorno al 1860, ritornò alla realizzazione delle nature morte, ma con una composizione naturale e meno formale rispetto a quella dei suoi anni precedenti<ref name="King"/>. Nel 1878 fece ritorno nella sua città natale, trascorrendovi gli ultimi anni con le sorelle Anna Claypoole (morta nel 1878) e Margaretta Angelica (morta nel 1882)<ref name="Brooklyn"/><ref name="King"/>. Come sua sorella Margaretta, non si sposò mai<ref>{{cite book|author=Greer Germaine |title=The obstacle race: the fortunes of women painters and their work |publisher=Tauris Parke Paperbacks|year=2001 |page=25|ISBN=1-86064-677-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qnBu6eUvx18C&pg=PA25}}</ref>. Morì nel 1885 nella sua città natale<ref name="King"/>. Diversi dipinti di Peale furono inclusi nella mostra inaugurale del [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]], ''American Women Artists 1830-1930'', nel 1987<ref name="Tufts(U.S.)1987">{{cite book|author=Eleanor Tufts|author2=National Museum of Women in the Arts (U.S.); International Exhibitions Foundation|title=American women artists, 1830-1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EvxPAAAAMAAJ|year=1987|publisher=International Exhibitions Foundation for the National Museum of Women in the Arts|ISBN=978-0-940979-01-7}}</ref>. == Opera == * ''Dies festus sub divo'', [[Hydrochroma]] et temperatio supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 96 × 78 cm, 1671, [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Tres fratres Browne'', temperatio et aurum supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 24 × 26 cm, 1598, Burghley House, Stamford<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_Brothers_Browne.jpg Tres fratres Browne - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum fidiculis, calva et argenti vaso'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 63,5 x 75 cm * ''In murae testa flores'', [[pictura]] supra aeris lamina, 31 x 21 cm, 1616-1617, Collectio privata<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/html/b/berghe/flowers.html In murae testa flores - The Web Gallery of Art]</ref> * ''Topia collina prope flumen, duo homines in cymba, viatores itinere'', pictura * ''[[Henricus Fridericus Stuart|Henrici Friderici Stuart]] effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 13,2 × 10 cm, 1610, Royal Collection * ''Matronae effigies'', [[Hydrochroma]] supra [[Membrana (ars scribendi)|membrana]], 5,9 x 4,8 cm, 1610 fere, apud Artis Museum, [[Cincinnati|Cincinnatorum]]ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Oliver_-_A_Lady_in_Masque_Costume_-_WGA16637.jpg Matronae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore'', [[pictura]], 47,2 x 71,8 cm, apud Rijksmuseum Twenthe, [[Enscheda]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guilliaume_Dubois_-_Heuvelachtige_rivieroever_-_BR0001_(R448)_-_Rijksmuseum_Twenthe.jpg Topia fluvialia cum opilione et pecore - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 136,84 x 68,1 cm, apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref name=dulwich/> * ''Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul'', [[pictura]], 45,7 x 63,5 cm, 1649, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dune_Landscape_with_Road_and_Church_by_Guillam_Dubois_Mauritshuis_799.jpg Topia con viatoribus ac ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Rijngesigje ([[Rhenus|Rheni]] despectus)'', [[pictura]], apud Petri Boll Collectionem, [[Harlemum|Harlemi]]<ref name=biesboer/> * ''[[Rhenus|Rheni]] regionis despectus cum castello viatoribusque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 79,8 x 102,2 cm, post annum [[1653]], apud [[Pinacotheca Dulvicensis|Pinacothecam Dulvicensem]], [[Dulwich]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peter_Wtewael_Hirte_mit_Sackpfeife1596_1660.jpg Caprarius cum tibiis infixis utricolo - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Still_Life_with_Flowers_after.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus et papilione - Communia]</ref> * ''Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, apud collectanea privata<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_Vanitas-Stilleben.jpg Vanitas cum calva et heliotropio - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 1670 fere, apud [[Palatium Pittianum]], [[Florentia]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwijk_-_Flowers_and_Fruit_-_WGA16657.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus pomisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 62 x 47,5 cm, 1670-1675, apud Mauritshuis, [[Haga]]e<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Still_Life_with_Flowers_in_a_Decorative_Vase,_Oosterwijck.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus in vaso scite ornato - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, deorsum in media pictura obsignata ''Maria Va Oosterwijck Aº 1675'', 90,4 x 80,7 cm, 1675<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MARIA_VAN_OOSTERWIJCK_NOOTDORP_1630_-_1693_UITDAM_A_FLORAL_STILL_LIFE.jpg Natura mortua cum vaso florum, citreo papilioneque - Communia]</ref> * ''Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque'', [[pictura]] supra tela cum pigmento oleario, 73,6 x 55,8 cm, 1670 fere, apud Museum Artis Denverii, [[Denverium (Coloratum)|Denverii]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_van_Oosterwyck_-_Bouquet_of_Flowers_in_a_Vase_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Natura mortua cum floribus, heliotropio insectisque - Communia]</ref> * ''Topia montana cum viatoribus et cane ab laeva'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 36 x 32 cm, 1654 fere, apud [[Rijksmuseum (Amstelodamum)|Rijksmuseum]], [[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]] * ''Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus'', [[pictura]] supra tabula cum pigmento oleario, 47 x 63,5 cm, antea [[Iacobus de Ruysdael|Iacobo de Ruysdael]] adscripta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_WOODED_LANDSCAPE_WITH_TRAVELERS_ON_A_PATH.png Topia nemorosa cum viatoribus - Communia]</ref> * ''Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul'', delineatio, 1650 fere, apud [[Centrum Getty]], [[Angelopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guillam_Dubois_-_Village_Path_with_Church_Spire_in_the_Distance_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg Pagi semita cum ecclesia procul - Communia]</ref> * ''Roberti von der Pfalz effigies'', chalcographia [[ratio atra]], 18,6 x 16,4 cm, apud Artium Museum, [[Franciscopolis (California)|Franciscopolis]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Prince_Rupert_von_der_Pfalz.jpg Roberti von der Pfalz effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Argumentum marinum'', [[pictura]] cum penicillo et atramento, dextra deorsum obsignata ''R. Zeeman''<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zeeman,_marine.jpg Argumentum marinum - Communia]</ref> * ''Hortus floridus in quo rariorum et minus vulgarium florum icones ad vivam veramque formam accuratissme delineata'', Crispijn van de Passe de jongere et Joannes Waldelius, 1614<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=RhtTAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Crispijn+van+de+Passe+II&hl=en&sa=X&ei=1y0jVNysGcKe7gbNnoG4AQ&ved=0CD4Q6wEwBDgU#v=onepage&q=Crispijn%20van%20de%20Passe%20II&f=false Hortus floridus]</ref> * ''Davidis Clarkson effigies'', chalcographia secundum [[Maria Beale|Mariae Beale]] picturam sculpta, 1696 * ''Alexander Gibson, Dominus Durie'', chalcographia secundum [[David Paton|Davidis Paton]] picturam sculpta, 1690 * ''Anthonii Tuckney effigies'', chalcographia, 194 × 132 mm, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anthony_Tuckney.jpg Anthonii Tuckney effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Augustus II Poloniae|Augusti II Poloniae]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1697<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AugustII_young2.jpeg Augusti II Poloniae effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Henricus Somerset, I dux Beaufortiensis|Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beaufort1.JPG Henrici Somerset, I ducis Beaufortiensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Ludlow effigies'', chalcographia, 1689<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Ludlow.JPG Edmundi Ludlow effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Henrici Coley effigies'', chalcographia, 1676<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henry_Coley._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1676,_after_himself_Wellcome_V0001188.jpg Henrici Coley effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Edmundi Gibson effigies'', chalcographia, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmund_Gibson_by_Michael_Vandergucht.jpg Edmundi Gibson effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Eduardi Ward effigies'', chalcographia, 1702, secundum [[Godfridus Kneller|Godfridi Kneller]] picturam sculta<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Ward.jpg Eduardi Ward effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Iacomus Hamilton, I dux Hamiltoniensis|Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis]] effigies'', chalcographia, 244 mm x 155 mm, apud [[Pinacotheca Effigierum Publica|Pinacothecam Effigierum Publicam Londiniensem]]<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton_by_Robert_White,_late_17th_century.jpg Iacomi Hamilton, I ducis Hamiltoniensis effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Browne effigies'', chalcographia, 1678<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Browne_Robert_White.jpg Ioannis Browne effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''Ioannis Partridge effigies'', chalcographia, 1679<ref>[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Partridge._Line_engraving_by_R._White,_1679,_after_hims_Wellcome_V0004503EL.jpg Ioannis Partridge effigies - Communia]</ref> * ''[[Eduardus Tyson|Eduardi Tyson]] libri "Orang-outang, sive Hominis Sylvestris" imagines'', chalcographiae<ref name=meyer/> * ''"A voyage to the islands of Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S.Christophers and Jamaica" imagines'', 75 chalcographiae<ref name=holden/> * ''Thomae Wyat effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> * ''Ioannis Baliol effigies'', chalcographia<ref name=bryan/> == Honores == [[Fasciculus:Ordre de Saint-Michel Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Michael (archangelus)|Michaelis Archangeli]] ordo ([[1662]]) [[Fasciculus:Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon.svg|thumb|75px]] [[Legio Honoris|Legionis Honoris]] Eques ([[1846]]) [[Fasciculus:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|thumb|left|75px]] Eques [[Ordo Imperii Britanniorum|Ordinis Imperii Britanniorum]] == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{cite web|url=http://www.enciclopediabresciana.it/enciclopedia/index.php?title=HERDT|author=|author2=|title=HERDT (o HERTZ) (de) Jan|accesso=31 Ianuarii 2020|work=ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRIXIENSES|year=2020|language=}} * {{cite web|url=http://arthistoryreference.com/a1/60768.htm|author=|author2=|title=Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680)|accesso=1<sup>o</sup> Iunii 2016|work=Art History Reference|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/gersonh.html|author=|author2=|title=Gerson, Horst [Karl]|accesso=9 Maii 2016|work=Dictionary of Art Historians|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.vondel.humanities.uva.nl/ecartico/persons/7908|author=|author2=|title=Lambrecht Visscher|accesso=9 Iulii 2020|work=Universitatis Amstelodamensis - Amsterdam Centre for the Study of the Golden Age|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Chalmers,_Alexander|author=|author2=|title=Chalmers, Alexander|accesso=26 Aprilis 2016|work=Wikisource - Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/nnbw/#source=10&page=130&view=imagePane|author=J.M.Blok|author2=|title=DUBOIS (Guillam o Willem)|accesso=20 Ianuarii 2021|work=Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW)|year=2021|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/oosterwijck|author=Noud Janssen|author2=|title=Oosterwijck, Maria van (1630-1693)|accesso=24 Ianuarii 2018|work=Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland - DVN|year=2018|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=5 Martii 2020|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Cornelis+van+Dalen&role=&nation=&page=1&subjectid=500031216|author=|author2=|title=Dalen, Cornelis van, I (Dutch printmaker, draftsman, and editor, ca. 1602-1665)|accesso=26 Maii 2016|work=Union List of Artist Names Online|year=2016|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp88710/abraham-meindersz-van-der-wenne?search=sas&sText=Abraham+van+der+Wenne|author=|author2=|title=Abraham Meindersz van der Wenne (circa 1656-1693), Engraver|accesso=23 Maii 2017|work=National Portrait Gallery|year=2017|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.wga.hu/bio/v/vinne/vincent/biograph.html|author=Emil Kren|author2=Daniel Marx|title=VINNE, Vincentius I Laurensz. van der|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=The Web Gallery of Art|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.sphinxfineart.com/Zeeman-Reinier-Nooms-called-DesktopDefault.aspx?tabid=45&tabindex=44&artistid=38786|author=Edward Strachan|author2=Roy Bolton|title=REINIER NOOMS, CALLED ZEEMAN (AMSTERDAM 1623 - AMSTERDAM 1664)|accessdate=9 Iunii 2015|work=SPHINX FINE ART - Artists|year=2015|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artMakerDetails?maker=1119|author=|coautori=|title=Christoffel van den Berghe|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|work=The J.Paul Getty Museum - Artists|year=2014|language=Anglice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jacob-isaacksz-van-ruysdael_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/|author=|title=RUYSDAEL, Jacob Isaacksz van|accessdate=20 Ianuari 2021|work=Enciclopedie on line - Treccani.it|year=2021|language=Italice}} * {{cite web|url=https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168|author=|title=Vincentius van de Vinne I|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2025|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=73861|author=|title=Paul van Somer (II)|accessdate=21 Septembris 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=90557|author=|title=Everhardus Kickius|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|work=Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie|year=2015|language=Nederlandice}} * {{cite book|author=David Freedberg|coauthors=Jan de Vries|title=Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=arVDAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA382&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ShaKVPToLITtUpDRgugL&ved=0CF8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=1991|editor=The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities|location=[[Sancta Monica (California)|Sanctae Monicae]]|language=Lingua Anglica|isbn=0-89236-201-4|pages=382-383|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coautori=|title=Imago Musicae 1986|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=d1AU_FAgVbgC&pg=PA65&dq=Hendrik+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=D9bzUsS6BqKAywPVl4KAAQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Hendrik%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=24 Ianuarius 2014|year=1987|editor=Duke University Press|city=[[Durham]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8223-0723-5|page=65|volume=vol.III}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/sir_Nathaniel_Bacon/150952|author=|title=sir_Nathaniel_Bacon|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|series=Dictionnaire de la Peinture Larousse|year=2020|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/peinture/Zyl/155022|author=|title=les Van Zyl|accessdate=11 Iulii 2017|series=Encyclopédie Larousse|year=2017|language=Francice}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/sir-nathaniel-bacon-2370|author=Terry Riggs|author2=|title=Sir Nathaniel Bacon 1585–1627|accessdate=27 Octobris 20205|work=Tate|year=2020|language=Anglice}} * {{cite book|author=Peter C. Sutton|coauthors=Lisa Vergara;Ann Jensen Adams|title=Love Letters: Dutch Genre Paintings in the Age of Vermeer|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=3T6ZUprgU_0C&pg=PA79&dq=Dirck+Hals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=710-UeWgO4LWPdfDgOgD&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Dirck%20Hals&f=false|accessdate=26 Ianuarius 2014|year=2003|editor=Frances Lincoln Limited|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-7112-2338-6|pages=79-80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Liechtenstein, the Princely Collections|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=A1f7lsIFyu0C&pg=PA269&dq=Hendrick+Gerritsz+Pot&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zd3zUqjFJYn5yAOKkIGIAw&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Hendrick%20Gerritsz%20Pot&f=false|accessdate=6 febbraio 2014|year=1985|editor=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|location=[[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87099-383-2|pages=269|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Adriaan van der Willigen|coauthors=|title=Les artistes de Harlem: Notices historiques avec un Précis sur la Gilde de St. Luc|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=YCtCAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA251&dq=Riethoorn&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQ-KPcgt_qAhX0SRUIHXe0CHEQ6AEwCHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Riethoorn&f=false|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1870|editor=Les Héritiers F.Bohn|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=251-252|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Roeland van Eynden|coauthors=Adriaan van der Willigen|title=Geschiedenis der vaderlandsche schilderkunst sedert de helft der XVIII eeuw|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vaderlandsche_schilderkunst/#source=I&page=93&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1979|editor=B.M.Israel|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=90-6078-077-9|pages=78|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Abraham Jacob van der Aa|coauthors=Karel Johan Reinier van Harderwijk;Gilles Dionysius Jacobus Schotel|title=Biografisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/vdaa/#source=aa__001biog19_01.xml&page=340&view=imagePane|accessdate=28 Iulii 2020|year=1874|editor=J.J. van Brederode|location=[[Harlemum|Harlemi]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=338|volume=vol.XVI°}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=A biographical and critical dictionary of painters and engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA751&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=751|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Bryan|coauthors=George Stanley|title=Dictionary of painters and engravers, biographical and critical|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=07Q-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA742&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1865|editor=H.G.Bohn|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=122|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Shearjashub Spooner|coauthors=|title=A biographical history of the fine arts, or, Memoirs of the lives and works of the most eminent painters, engraveras, sculptors and architects|url=ttps://books.google.it/books?id=dgw8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA908&dq=Paul+van+Somer+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Paul%20van%20Somer%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=21 Septembris 2016|year=1865|editor=J.W.Bouton|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|pages=908|volume=vol.II°}} * {{cite book|author=J.W. Frederiks|coauthors=|title=Dutch Silver: Wrougt Plate of North and South-Holland from the Renaissance|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=dnHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=Hieronymus+Wierix&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBmoVChMIhouQ5sj5xwIVq5xyCh16fgz3#v=onepage&q=Hieronymus%20Wierix&f=false|accessdate=28 Septembris 2015|year=1958|editor= Springer Science + Business Media Dordrecht|location=[[Haga]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-94-010-3699-3|page=3|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sheila D. Muller|coauthors=|title=Dutch Art: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ZPhLoy0FICMC&pg=PA299&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2011|editor=Routledge|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-8153-0065-4|page=299|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=JG Frederiks|coauthors=F. Jos van den Branden|title=Biographisch woordenboek der Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bran038biog01_01/bran038biog01_01_3320.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1888-1891|editor=LJ Veen|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=GJ van Bork|coauthors=PJ Verkruijsse|title=De Nederlandse en Vlaamse auteurs van middeleeuwen tot heden met inbegrip van de Friese auteurs|url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bork001nede01_01/bork001nede01_01_1071.php|accessdate=10 Iulii 2014|year=1985|editor=De Haan|location=[[Weesp]]|language=Nederlandice|isbn=|pages=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=[[Museum Artium Metropolitanum]]|coauthors=Walter A. Liedtke|title=Dutch Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=jtnQ7PIT8mcC&pg=PA28&dq=Christoffel+van+den+Berghe&hl=it&sa=X&ei=t4HFU9GuEuHjywOg8oDQCA&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Christoffel%20van%20den%20Berghe&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2014|year=2007|editor==Yale University Press|location=[[New Haven]] e [[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-300-12028-8|pages=28-30|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Hans-Joachim Raupp|coauthors=|title=Stilleben und Tierstücke|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=tIdzwQuVNNwC&pg=PA220&dq=Fran%C3%A7ois+Ryckhals&hl=en&sa=X&ei=bc_OU_zkMovYPKntgaAC&ved=0CEgQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=Fran%C3%A7ois%20Ryckhals&f=false|accessdate=1º Augusti 2014|year=2004|editor=Lit Verlag|location=[[Münster]]|language=Germanice|isbn=3-8258-2239-7|page=220|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Augustine Jal|coauthors=|title=Dictionnaire critique de biographie et d'histoire|url=http://books.google.it/books?id=WcwKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA768&dq=Mathieu+Le+Nain&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jwZUVJ7GBKvA7Abx9YDgBA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Mathieu%20Le%20Nain&f=false|accessdate=13 Novembris 2014|year=1867|editor=Henri Plon|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|pages=767-768|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Eric Jorink|coauthors=|title=Reading the Book of Nature in the Dutch Golden Age, 1575-1715|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=XAiEMHlll9QC&pg=PA201&dq=Johannes+Goedaert&hl=en&sa=X&ei=KsKIVMP8FIHSPe2JgZAG&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Goedaert&f=false|accessdate=26 Dicembris 2014|year=2010|editor=Koninklijke Brill NV|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-9004-18671-2|pages=201-209|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Alexander Chalmers|coauthors=|title=The General biographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=79QvAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=David+Loggan&hl=en&sa=X&ei=RyjVVPLNIYGqUe2Jg_AO&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=David%20Loggan&f=false|accessdate=26 Februarii 2015|year=1815|editor=Nichols, Son and Bentley|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=386|volume=vol.XX°}} * {{cite book|author=Arthur M. Hind|coauthors=|title=A History of Engraving and Etching|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=fnhpAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=Cornelis+van+Dalen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Cornelis%20van%20Dalen&f=false|accessdate=26 Maii 2015|year=2011|editor=Dover Publications Inc.|location=[[Novum Eboracum (urbs)|Novi Eboraci]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-486-20954-7|pages=150|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Michael Cyril William Hunter|coauthors=|title=Printed Images in Early Modern Britain: Essays in Interpretation|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HO-y92dlu9gC&pg=PA292&dq=Jan+van+Somer&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jan%20van%20Somer&f=false|accessdate=14 Septembris 2016|year=2010|editor=Michael Hunter|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-7546-6654-7|page=292|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Ad Stijnman|coauthors=Elizabeth Savage|title=Printing Colour 1400-1700: History, Techniques, Functions and Receptions|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=C9R0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2015|editor=Brill|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-04-26968-2|page=207|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Leo Bagrow|coauthors=|title=History of Cartography|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=OBeB4tDmJv8C&pg=PA184&dq=Gerard+Valck&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Gerard%20Valck&f=false|accessdate=30 Decembris 2015|2010|editor=Transaction Publishers|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-1-4128-1154-5|page=184-270|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=William Bridges Hunter|coauthors=|title=A Milton Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=x66M-BoFvncC&pg=PA106&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1979|editor=Associated University Presses Inc.|location=[[Cranbury]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=106|volume=vol.V°}} * {{cite book|author=Ian Gadd|coauthors=Simon Elliot, William Roger Louis|title=History of Oxford University Press, Volume I: Beginnings to 1780|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=VbkJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA526&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=2013|editor=Oxford University Press|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-955731-8|page=526|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Oxfordshire architectural and historical society|coauthors=|title=Proceedings of the Oxford architectural and historical society|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=jEJbAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=|editor=Parker|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=64|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=Horace Walpole|coauthors=George Vertue|title=The Works of Horatio Walpole, Earl of Orford|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=0mVGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA466&dq=Michael+Burghers&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20Burghers&f=false|accessdate=6 Ianuarii 2016|year=1798|editor=Robinson|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=77|volume=vol.IV°}} * {{cite book|author=|coauthors=|title=Benezit Dictionary of British Graphic Artists and Illustrators|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=05C02RhJZCkC&pg=PA319&dq=Edward+Davis+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Edward%20Davis%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=17 Ianuarii 2016|year=2012|editor=Universitatis Oxoniensis Prelum|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-992305-2|page=319|volume=vol.I°}} * {{cite book|author=Charles Knight|coauthors=|title=Biography: Or, Third Division of "The English Encyclopedia"|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=d8RPAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA706&dq=Michiel+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michiel%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1872|editor=Bradbury, Evans and Co.|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=621-622|volume=appendix}} * {{cite book|author=Pieter Biesboer|coauthors=|title=Nederlandish Inventories 1 - Collections of Paintings in Haarlem, 1572-1745|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=1mV6p35NufEC&pg=PA299&dq=Guillam+Dubois+painter&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8xobMndPtAhXH-KQKHWdHAA8Q6AEwAHoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=Guillam%20Dubois%20painter&f=false|accessdate=20 Ianuarii 2021|year=2001|editor=Carol Togneri|location=[[Angelopolis]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=20-299-340-366|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Joseph Strutt|coauthors=|title=A Biographical Dictionary: Containing an Historical Account of All the Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=B14OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1785|editor=J.Davis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=355-356|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Stanley H. Johnston|coauthors=|title=The Cleveland Herbal, Botanical, and Horticultural Collections|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=ff5tJ4EfHhMC&pg=PA295&dq=Michael+van+der+Gucht&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Michael%20van%20der%20Gucht&f=false|accessdate=31 Ianuarii 2016|year=1992|editor=Respublicae Ohioensis Universitatis Prelum|location=[[Cantium (Ohium)|Cantii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=0-87338-433-4|page=265|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=John Gould|coauthors=Horace Walpole, George Vertue|title=A Dictionary of Painters, Sculptors, Architects, and Engravers|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=Si9cAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA483&dq=Robert+White+engraver&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Robert%20White%20engraver&f=false|accessdate=31 Martii 2016|year=1810|editor=Gale and Curtis|location=[[Londinium|Londinii]]|language=Anglice|isbn=|page=417-483|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Christopher D.M. Atkins|coauthors=|title=The signature style of Frans Hals: painting, subjectivity, and the market in Early Modernity|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=5hkhAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA162&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2012|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]|location=[[Amstelodamum|Amstelodami]]|language=Anglice|isbn=978-90-8964-335-3|page=162|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Peter McNeil|coauthors=Giorgio Riello|title=Luxury: A Rich History|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=gcowDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT107&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Oxoniensis|Universitatis Oxoniensis]]|location=[[Oxonia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-19-966324-8|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Derek Brewer|coauthors=Marie-Françoise Alamichel|title=The Middle Ages After the Middle Ages in the English-speaking Wor|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=omAVJRxb-eoC&pg=PA80&dq=Pieter+van+Roestraten&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Pieter%20van%20Roestraten&f=false|accessdate=4 Novembris 2016|year=2006|editor=D.S.Brewer|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|isbn=978-0-85991-508-3|page=80|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Titus Livius|coauthors=Ioannes Munnickhuysen|title=Titi Livii Historiarum quod extat|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=HtfArsn_TTcC&pg=PR18&dq=Johannes+Willemsz.+Munnickhuysen&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Johannes%20Willemsz.%20Munnickhuysen&f=false|accessdate=20 Iunii 2016|year=1679|editor=|location=|language=Latine|isbn=|page=|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=AA.VV.|coauthors=|title=Etat civil de quelques artistes francais. Extrait des registres des paroisses des anciennes archives de la ville de Paris|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=oOAKpD0vsF4C&pg=PA11&dq=Jean+Baptiste+Duru&hl=it&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Jean%20Baptiste%20Duru&f=false|accessdate=20 Iulii 2017|year=1873|editor=Libraire Pagnerre|location=[[Lutetia]]e|language=Francice|isbn=|page=129|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Helmer J. Helmers|coauthors=|title=The Royalist Republic|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/The_Royalist_Republic/QZqiBQAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA142&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Prelum [[Universitas Cantabrigiensis|Universitatis Cantabrigiensis]]|year=2015|location=[[Cantabrigia]]e|language=Anglice|page=142|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=Sam Segal|coauthors=Klara Allen|title=Dutch and Flemish Flower Pieces|url=https://www.google.it/books/edition/Dutch_and_Flemish_Flower_Pieces_2_vols_i/rmgCEAAAQBAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Vincent+van+der+Vinne&pg=PA828&printsec=frontcover|accessdate=2 Septembris 2025|editor=Brill Hes & De Graaf|year=2020|location=[[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]|language=Anglice|page=536|volume=}} * {{cite book|author=David Towry Piper|coauthors=|title=Dizionario illustrato dell'arte e degli artisti|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=tOynfqWxk34C&pg=PA41&dq=Nathaniel+Bacon+pittore&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfyZLajtrrAhXkAhAIHWIyAAIQ6AEwAHoECAIQAg#v=onepage&q=Nathaniel%20Bacon%20pittore&f=false|accessdate=27 Octobris 2020|year=1984|editor=Gremese|location=[[Roma]]e|language=Italice|isbn=88-7742-422-2|page=41|volume=}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I)|Vincentium Laurensz. van der Vinne I}} * [https://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n90-655549/ Alexander Chalmers in WorldCat] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/zoeken?q=%20Riethoorn&v=&s=&ondisplay=False&ii=0&p=1 Ioannes Riethoorn in Amstelodami Rijksmuseum] {{Ling|Nederlandice}} * [https://www.artnet.com/artists/vincent-laurensz-van-der-vinne-the-elder/ Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artnet.com/artists/jean-baptiste-durup/past-auction-results Ioannes Baptista Durup in Artnet] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00205/sir-nathaniel-bacon?search=sas&sText=Nathaniel+Bacon Nathanael Bacon in The National Portrait Gallery] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/vinne_vincent_laurensz_van_der.html Vincentius Laurensz. van der Vinne I in Artcyclopedia] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/search/list?base=%5B%22Collections%20des%20mus%C3%A9es%20de%20France%20%28Joconde%29%22%5D&mainSearch=%22Guillam%20Dubois%22 Gulielmus Dubois - Base Joconde] {{Ling|Francice}} * [http://www.scholarsresource.com/browse/artist/2142564356 Petrus de Roestraeten in Scholars Resource] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz83861.html#indexcontent Lambertus de Visscher in Deutsche Biographie] {{Ling|Theodisce}} {{Controllo di autorità}} {{Portale|arte|biografie}} <!-- {{Lifetime|1625|1680|Vinne, Vincentius Laurensz. I}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Artifices Nederlandiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Chalcographi]] [[Categoria:Scalptores]] [[Categoria:Entomologi]] [[Categoria:Cartographi]] {{Attributio|it|Eugène Stanislas Alexandre Bléry|72344825}} {{Attributio|en|Diary of a Wimpy Kid||partim}} ac ==> atque ante vocalem {{NexInt}} {{Nexus nominis}} --> qgo7c5a6kpn38sl5na095g7awe466eq Index urbium, oppidorum et communium Saxoniae Inferioris 0 216135 3986148 3986131 2026-09-06T12:02:00Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986148 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communia et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auriacum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auriacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Bersinium]]<ref name="Kaemling 1987">Kaemling, ''Atlas zur Geschichte Niedersachsens'' (1987).</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Berßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groten Bässen'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bücken''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Coeli Porta]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himmelpforten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himmelpoorten'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Curia Maiorica]]<ref name="Curia Maiorica">Manfred Niemeyer (Hrsg.): ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter, Berolini 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7, S. 298.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jork''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jörk'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-thal''' : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Diddersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklaga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dithgherscope-Twielenflethum]]<ref name="Hollern">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hollern-twielenfleth/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi dicitur "(...) ''Luderus in Dithgherscope'' (...)".</ref><ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollern-Twielenfleth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullern-Twielenfleth'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Draga (Albis)|Draga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentweda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf'' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Hildesiensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-e"/> </small>(in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]]<ref name="Circulus Hildesiensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Hildesiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Hildesheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Hildesiensis-e" ad [[Hildesia]]m refertur. Hac de urbe, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Circulo Holtisminnensi]]<ref name="Circulus Holtisminnensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eimka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elba (Saxonia Inferior)|Elba]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Ericetum Magnum]]<ref name="Ericetum">[https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=MeckWB&lemid=H01756 Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-heide'' Latino nomine "Ericetum-i" vertitur.]</ref><ref name="Magnus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Groß-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um" vertitur.]</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootheid'')</small> * [[Escheda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Frideburgum]]<ref name="Frideburgum">Vide [https://www.heimatbund-finnentrop.de/index_htm_files/Staats-%20u.%20Reisegeogr.%205.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Beschreibung derer merkwürdigsten Oerter''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Frideburg, Friedeburg, lat. Frideburgum'''. Liegt im Fürstenthum Ostfriesland, an den Grenzen der Grafschaft Oldenburg (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Friedeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freborg'' seu ''Freebörg'')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedlandia]]<ref name="Friedland">Theodiscum toponymum ''Friedland' in Latinam "Friedlandia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friedland'')</small> * [[Frisoyta]]<ref name="Frisoyta">Vide [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363707446_Der_Status_animarum_im_Hochstift_Munster_und_die_Alphabetisierung_im_landlichen_Raum_eines_geistlichen_Furstentums_im_17_und_18_Jahrhundert ''Der Status animarum im Hochstift Münster und die Alphabetisierung im ländlichen Raum eines geistlichen Fürstentums im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert''], ubi dicitur "(...) Specificatio catholic[orum] et acatholicorum in Frisoyta (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friesoythe''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ait''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aithe'')</small> * [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'')</small> * [[Furstenberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fürstenberg'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesea]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ganderkesee''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gannerseer'')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gandesbergen'')</small> * [[Garbsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garbsen'')</small> * [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garrel'')</small> * [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'')</small> * [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'')</small> * [[Geesta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Geeste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Choeiste'')</small> * [[Geestlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Geestland'')</small> * [[Gehrda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde'')</small> * [[Gemmegum]]<ref name="Gemmegum">Vide ''Giminghem - der alte Name von Jemgum'' Gerhardi Kronsweide; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Mittelalterliche urkundliche und einige neuzeitliche Nennungen von Jemgum''' (...) Gemmegum (Urkunde in lateinisch) (...) Gommegum (lat.) (...) Gemghum (lat.) (...) Gemmyngum (lat.) (...) Jemgum (Ubbo Emmius, lat.) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jemgum'')</small> * [[Georgsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Georgsdorf'')</small> * [[Gerdavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gerdau'')</small> * [[Gerdinum]]<ref name="Gerdinium">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/gehrden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der spätere Flecken möglicherweis erstmals als ''Gerdinum'' im Verzeichnis der Schenkungen (''Traditionen'') an das Kloster Corvey erwähnt, das um 826/76 angelegt wurde (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gieren'')</small> * [[Gersta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gersten'')</small> * [[Geteloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'')</small> * [[Gevensleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gevensleben'')</small> * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'')</small> * [[Giesa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Giesen'')</small> * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gilten'')</small> * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'')</small> * [[Gleicha]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gleichen'')</small> * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'')</small> * [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'')</small> * [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'')</small> * [[Goldenstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Goldenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gollnste'')</small> * [[Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'')</small> * [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'')</small> * [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'')</small> * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-horst'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-horstium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-horst''' : -''horstium'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grafhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grafhorst'')</small> * [[Grasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grasbarg'')</small> * [[Grasleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasleben''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graslewe'')</small> * [[Grethemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grethem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graitn'')</small> * [[Grona (Leina)|Grona]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gronau'')</small> * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grunendicum]]<ref name="-dicum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-diek'' aut ''-deich'' aut ''-dijk'' aut ''-dyk'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dicum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Isendicum]] apud {{Graesse}}; aut [[Mardicum]] apud ''Dictionnaire universel françois et latin, vulgairement appelé Dictionnaire de Trévoux''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grünendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Greundiek'')</small> * [[Guderhandviertel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Guderhandviertel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gauderhandviddel'')</small> * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'')</small> * [[Gyhum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gyhum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jeem'')</small> {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hademstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hademstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hamstorp'')</small> * [[Haeslinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heeslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßel'')</small> * [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Haga]]<ref name="Haga">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „ Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hage''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Haag'')</small> * [[Haga ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Haga Bremensis]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref>Latinum gentilicium "Bremensis-e" Theodiscum syntagma ''im Bremischen'' vertit.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen im Bremischen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagen'')</small> * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hagenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagenborg'')</small> * [[Halbemontium]]<ref name="-montium">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-mond'' aut ''-mont'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-montium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-mond, mont''' : -''montium, mons'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halbemond'')</small> * [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(in Montibus [[Visurgis]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halla (Comitatus Binethensis)|Halla]]<ref name="Halla prope Neuenhusam">Theodiscum toponymum ''Halle'' plerumque toponymo "Halla-ae" latinizatur. Qua de latinizatione, vide complures Hallae apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(prope [[Neuenhusa]]m<ref name="-husa"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Halvesbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassbossel'')</small> * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hamberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambargen'')</small> * [[Hambuhra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambühren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambüren'')</small> * [[Hamele]]<ref name="Hamele">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2261/NOB%20VIII_Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Peine.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VIII Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Peine''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1146 ''in Sutherem iuxta Hamele'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 239 S. 222) 1180 ''in Bikem iuxta Honhamelen'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 396 S. 385) 1193 ''in Honhamele'' (UB H.Hild. II Nachtrag Nr. 13 S. 580) 1198 ''apud Honhamelen'' (...) 1251 ''Sutherem apud Hoenhamale'' (UB H.Hild. II Nr. 861 S. 435) 1278-1280 ''iugera Hamelen'' (Lehnregister Meinersen II Nr. 20 S. 590) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohenhameln''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häogenhameln'')</small> * [[Hamelhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hämelhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hämelhusen'')</small> * [[Hamersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hamersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Homersen'')</small> * [[Hamma (Saxonia Inferior)|Hamma]]<ref name="-ah">Germanica aut Semitica aut Indoiranica toponyma cum terminatione ''-ah'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Exempli gratiā: [[Calvela]], [[Maliana]], Parra, [[Widenla]], [[Zellia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hammah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hammoh'')</small> * [[Handeloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handeloh'' seu olim ''Handorf bei Tostedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Handorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Hantharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Handrup'')</small> * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Harburgensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanstää'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanster'')</small> * [[Hardegsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hardegsen'')</small> * [[Harmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harmsdörp'')</small> * [[Harna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haren'')</small> * [[Harpstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harpstäe'')</small> * [[Harsfeldum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harsefeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harsfeld'' seu ''Hasfeld'')</small> * [[Harsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Harsum'')</small> * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hasbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hasbergen'')</small> * [[Hasburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haßbergen'')</small> * [[Hasela (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasela]]<ref name="Hasela">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hassel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Dort ist die ''villa Hasela'' erwähnt, also das Dorf Hassel (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hassel'')</small> * [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'')</small> * [[Hassendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hassendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassendörp'')</small> * [[Hasta (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haste'')</small> * [[Hatta]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hatten'')</small> * [[Hattorpium ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hattorf am Harz'')</small> * [[Hauslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Häuslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüßel'')</small> * [[Haverla]]<ref name="Haverla">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) um 941 (Fä. Mitte 12. Jh., kop. 17. Jh.) ''Haverlae'' (...) 1319 ''Haverla'' (UB H Hild. IV 464 S. 247) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haverlah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haberlah'')</small> * [[Hechthusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hechthausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heckthusen'')</small> * [[Hedebere]]<ref name="Hedebere">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''Antiquum Hedebere seu Minus, Novum Hedebere seu Maius'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hedeper''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heper'')</small> * [[Heeda (Terra Emesensis)|Heeda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häie'')</small> * [[Heemsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsen'')</small> * [[Heessa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßen'')</small> * [[Heidenavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heidenau'')</small> * [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'')</small> * [[Heinbockel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinbockel'')</small> * [[Heiningensis Locus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heiningen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heinig'')</small> * [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'')</small> * [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'')</small> * [[Hellwega]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hellwege''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hellweeg'')</small> * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Helpsen'')</small> * [[Helvesiecca]]<ref name="-siek">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)". Hoc in casu, applicatur terminatio latinizans formae antiquae suffixi ''-siek'' -quae ''-sieck'', ut accidit in toponymis velut ''Bannensieck'', cuius hodierna forma ''Bannensiek'' est. Qua de ultima antiqua forma, vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=2955251 ''Arcinsys''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Helvesiek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helsch'')</small> * [[Hemminga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hemminga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemmingen'')</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemmoor'')</small> * [[Hemsbunda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsbünde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsbünnen'')</small> * [[Hemslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemslingen'')</small> * [[Hemsloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsloh''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hemzel'' seu ''Hemsel'' seu ''Hemßel'')</small> * [[Hepstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hepstedt''; [Saxonice]] ''Hepst'' seu ''Heps'')</small> * [[Hepstidi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hipstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hipst'')</small> * [[Herrum]]<ref name="Herrum">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Majori villa Herre'' (...) ''Maiori Here'' (...) ''Minori Herro'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heere'')</small> * [[Hertzberga ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Herzberg am Harz'')</small> * [[Herzlaka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Herzlake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hässelke'')</small> * [[Hespa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hespe'')</small> * [[Heuerssa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heuerßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoarßen'')</small> * [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen'')</small> * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilgermissen'')</small> * [[Hillersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hillerse'')</small> * [[Hilter ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hilter am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Himberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himbargen'')</small> * [[Hinuti]]<ref name="Hinuti">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3180/Hinte.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Dorf wurde im 10. Jahrhundert als „in Hinuti“ erstmals urkundlich erfasst (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hinte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hint'')</small> * [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci'')</small> * [[Hittberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hittbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hittbargen'')</small> * [[Hodenhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hodenhagen'')</small> * [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'')</small> * [[Hohna]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hohne'')</small> * [[Hohnhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hionhoste'')</small> * [[Hohnstorpium (Albis)|Hohnstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haunstörp'')</small> * [[Holdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Holdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hollrup'')</small> * [[Holdunesteti]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullnst'')</small> * [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'')</small> * [[Holla]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holle'')</small> * [[Hollnsethum]]<ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hollnseth'')</small> * [[Holsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holste'')</small> * [[Holtgaste]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtgast'')</small> * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'')</small> * [[Holza]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'')</small> * [[Honengesbuthele]]<ref name="Honengesbuthele">Vide [https://blog.slub-dresden.de/fileadmin/groups/slubsite/Blog/2015-KristinCasimir-VortragDresden.pdf?utm ''Ortsnamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe - Onomastik im europäischen Raum''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Honengesbvthele'' statt ''Honekesbutle'' (Casemir, -büttel S. 147) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hankensbüttel'')</small> * [[Hoogsteda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hoogstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoogstee'')</small> * [[Horda ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-e"/><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hörden am Harz'')</small> * [[Horneburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hornborg'')</small> * [[Horstadium (Saxonia Inferior)|Horstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Horß'')</small> * [[Hoya]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hoya''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Hoya/Weser''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''de Haaien'' seu ''Hejen'' seu ''Hajen'')</small> * [[Huda (Circulus terrae Diepholtia)|Huda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hüde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüde'')</small> * [[Hudha]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hude'')</small> * [[Hulseda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hülsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hülse'')</small> * [[Husum (prope Novam Urbem)|Husum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Husum'')</small> * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte'')</small> * [[Huvenni]]<ref name="Huvenni">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/suffixbildungen-in-alten-ortsnamen-akten-eines-internationalen-symposiums-in-uppsala-14-16-mai-2004-9185352578.html?utm ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala 14.-16. Mai 2004 9185352578''], ubi dicitur "(...) Hüven (Kr. Emsland), 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) in Huvenni (Möller 1998 S. 101, Udolph 2002a S. 238) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hüven'')</small> {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iatha (Saxonia Inferior)|Iatha]]<ref name="Iatha">Commune nomen e flumine cepit. Quo de flumine, vide [https://www.lateinlexikon.com/lexicon_latinum_hodiernum_parsgeographica.pdf?utm ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'' Petri Lucusaltiani], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Jade'', f ''Iatha, ae'', f [WPD: Jade (Fluss) (24.11.2019); a.1314: Jatha] (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jaad'')</small> * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ielmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jelmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jelmstörp'')</small> * [[Iembka]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jembke'')</small> * [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'')</small> * [[Ierichsum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jerxheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jerksen'')</small> * [[Iesteburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jesteburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jesborg'')</small> * [[Ihlienverda]]<ref name="-verda-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-worth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-verda-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-worth''' : -''verda'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ihlienworth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmworth'')</small> * [[Indago Comitis Hoyae]]<ref name="Indago Comitis Hoyae">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hoyerhagen/?utm ''kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''indago comitis Hoye'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hoyerhagen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Heierhagen'' seu ''Heyerhagen'')</small> * [[Insula Iuistensis]]<ref name="Iuistensis">De Latino gentilicio, cf. [[binomen|epithetum binominale]] [https://turbellaria.umaine.edu/turbellaria/turb3.php?action=6&code=598&valid=618&utm "juistensis"].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Juist'')</small> * [[Isernhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isernhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isernhogen'')</small> * [[Isterberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isterberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isterbarg'')</small> * [[Itterbecca]]<ref name="-ecca">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Itterbeck'')</small> * [[Iuniun]]<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''], ubi dicitur "(...) 960 Iuniun (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) Johan de June (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jühnde'')</small> {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorf]] * [[Kalbe (Niedersachsen)|Kalbe]] * [[Kalefeld]] * [[Karwitz]] * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] * [[Kettenkamp]] * [[Kirchbrak]] * [[Kirchdorf (bei Sulingen)|Kirchdorf]] * [[Kirchgellersen]] * [[Kirchlinteln]] * [[Kirchseelte]] * [[Kirchtimke]] * [[Kirchwalsede]] * [[Kissenbrück]] * [[Klein Berßen]] * [[Klein Meckelsen]] * [[Kluse (Emsland)|Kluse]] * [[Kneitlingen]] * [[Kneta Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großenkneten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grotekneten'')</small> * [[Köhlen]] * [[Königsmoor]] * [[Kranenburg (Oste)|Kranenburg]] * [[Krebeck]] * [[Krummendeich]] * [[Krummhörn]] * [[Kührstedt]] * [[Küsten]] * [[Kutenholz]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laar]] * [[Laatzen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Lachendorf]] * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] * [[Lähden]] * [[Lahn (Hümmling)|Lahn]] * ''[[Lamspringe]]'' * [[Lamstedt]] * [[Landesbergen]] * [[Landolfshausen]] * [[Landwehr (Gemeinde)|Landwehr]] * [[Langelsheim]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * '''[[Langen (bei Bremerhaven)|Langen]]''' <small>(b.Bremerhaven)</small> * [[Langen (Emsland)|Langen]] <small>(Emsland)</small> * [[Langendorf (Elbe)|Langendorf]] * [[Langenhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Langeoog]] * [[Langlingen]] * [[Langwedel (Weser)|Langwedel]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lastrup]] * [[Lathen]] * [[Lauenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenbrück]] * [[Lauenförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenhagen]] * [[Leese]] * [[Leezdorf]] * [[Lehe (Emsland)|Lehe]] * [[Lehre (Niedersachsen)|Lehre]] * [[Lehrte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Leiferde]] * [[Lembruch]] * [[Lemförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lemgow]] * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengede]] * [[Lengenbostel]] * [[Lengerich (Emsland)|Lengerich]] * [[Lenne (Niedersachsen)|Lenne]] * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Liebenau (Niedersachsen)|Liebenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Liebenburg]] * [[Lilienthal]] * [[Lindern (Oldenburg)]] * [[Lindhorst]] * [[Lindwedel]] * [[Lingen (Ems)]] <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Linsburg]] * [[Lintig]] * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lohne (Oldenburg)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Löningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Lorup]] * [[Loxstedt]] * [[Lübberstedt]] * [[Lübbow]] * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] * [[Lüder (Lüneburger Heide)|Lüder]] * [[Lüdersburg]] * [[Lüdersfeld]] * [[Lüerdissen]] * [[Luhden]] * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lunne]]<ref name="Lunne">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/haseluenne/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''civibus opidi nostri in Lunne'' (...)". Latinum autem gentilicium "Haselunnensis-e" est. Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haselünne''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lunni (commune generali Spella)|Lunni]]<ref name="Lunni">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/AltdeutschesNamenbuch-Bd2OrtsnamenLbisZ-3A-1913.pdf?utm ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch'']; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Lunni.''' 9. 1) Altlünne bei Plantlünne (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lütetsburg]] * ''[[Lutter am Barenberge]]'' * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasen]] * [[Magna Palus]]<ref name="Magna Palus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum toponymicum praefixum ''Große-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um"] et [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/germanistischewoerterbuecher/altsaechsischeswoerterbuch/asF.pdf Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großefehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootfehn'')</small> * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Marienhafe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Marienhagen]] * [[Mariental (Niedersachsen)|Mariental]] * [[Marklohe]] * [[Marl (Dümmer)|Marl]] * [[Marschacht]] * [[Martfeld]] * [[Marxen]] * [[Mechtersen]] * [[Meckelsa Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Meckels'')</small> * [[Meerbeck]] * [[Meine]] * [[Meinersen]] * [[Melbeck]] * [[Melle]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Mellinghausen]] * [[Menslage]] * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merzen]] * [[Messenkamp]] * [[Messingen]] * [[Midlum (Land Wursten)|Midlum]] * [[Misselwarden]] * [[Mittelnkirchen]] * [[Mittelstenahe]] * [[Moisburg]] * [[Molbergen]] * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Moormerland]] * [[Moorweg]] * [[Moringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Müden (Alara)]] * [[Mulsum (Land Wursten)|Mulsum]] * [[Mundia Hannoverana]]<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana">Vide [https://spatial.demo.geocode.earth/explore/place/wof/101810167?utm ''Geocode Earth''], ubi dicitur "(...) LAT preferred '''Mundia Hannoverana''' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hann. Münden'' seu ''Hannoversch Münden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannöversch Münnen'')</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Munster (Örtze)|Munster]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorf]] * [[Natendorf]] * [[Neetze]] * [[Negenborn]] * [[Nenndorf (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorf]] * [[Neubörger]] * [[Neu Darchau]] * [[Neuenhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenhaus''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenhuus'')</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Altes Land)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Altes Land)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (bei Bassum)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(b.Bassum)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Land Hadeln)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Landkreis Osnabrück)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lkr.Osnabrück)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Lüneburger Heide)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lüneb.Heide)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] * [[Neuharlingersiel]] * [[Neuhaus (Oste)]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Neuhof (Landkreis Hildesheim)|Neuhof]] * [[Neukamperfehn]] * [[Neulehe]] * [[Neuschoo]] * [[Neustadt am Rübenberge]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] * [[Niederlangen]] * [[Niedernwöhren]] * [[Niemetal]] * [[Nienhagen (Landkreis Celle)|Nienhagen]] * [[Nienstädt]] * [[Norden]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordenham]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Norderney]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordholz]] * [[Nordleda]] * [[Nordsehl]] * [[Nordstemmen]] * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] * [[Nortrup]] * [[Nottensdorf]] * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oesinga Maior]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Oesingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Oesingen'')</small> * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Palus Hagensis]]<ref name="Palus Hagensis">[https://www.latin-is-simple.com/de/vocabulary/noun/13172/#google_vignette Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-marsch'' Latino vocabulo "palus paludis" vertitur] et Latinum gentilicium "Hagensis-e", quod ad [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hagam]] refertur, Theodiscum gentilicium praefixum ''Hager-'' vertitur. Quo de gentilicio et toponymo, vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hagermarsch'')</small> * [[Palus Hilcae]]<ref name="Hilkenbrook">Theodiscum toponymum ''Hilkenbrook'', quamquam hodiernum est, syntagmate ''Palus Hilcae'' Latine verti potest. Nomen Germanicum ''Hilcke'', variatio nominis Theodisci ''Hilken-'', apud Stark ad formam Latinam "Hilca-ae" refertur, quae saeculo XII testata est (''Monumenta Garsensia'', n. 37; ''Monumenta Boica'' I, 27): Stark, F. (1866), ''Die Kosenamen der Germanen'', p. 318. Brook, i. e. bruoh «Sumpf, sumpfiges Gelände», Latine "palus, paludis" reddi potest. Itaque, anthroponomycum praefixum ''Hilken-'' ad nomen ''Hilca'' relatum et suffixum ''brook'' per vocabulum "palus, paludis" redditum, ''Hilkenbrook'' interpretari licet "Palus Hilcae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilkenbrook'')</small> * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] * [[Rohrsen]] * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schola Dei]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ihlow''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ihl'')</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spella]]<ref name="Spella">Vide [https://www.emsland.com/la/tour/emsland-route-395-km?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.esland.com''], ubi dicitur "(...) A Spella ad Rhenum: circiter XVI km (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Spelle'')</small> * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twilpstede Maius]]<ref name="Twilpstede Maius">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori'' (...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori et Minori'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Twülpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Twülpstidde'')</small> * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vicus Vetus Hassicus]]<ref name="Vicus Vetus Hassicus">Vide [https://www.fallingrain.com/world/GM/06/Hessisch_Oldendorf.html?utm ''www.fallingrain''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Other (Latin) names: Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Hessisch-Oldendorf,Hessisch-Oldendorf''' (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hessisch Oldendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eolendörpe'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] * [[Warpe]] * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worde]]<ref name="Worde">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/grossenwoerden/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Hinricus rector ecclesie in Worde'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Großenwörden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootweurn'')</small> * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Y === {{div col|3}} * [[Ylsede]]<ref name="Ylsede">Vide [https://kleinilsede.hier-im-netz.de/historis.htm ''Historisches über Klein Ilsede''], ubi dicitur "(...) minori ylsede (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ilsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ilse'')</small> * [[Yppenerdhe]]<ref name="Yppenerdhe">Vide [https://www.gross-ippener.de/gemeinde/geschichte.html?utm ''Groß Ippene''], ubi dicitur "(...) Parrochia Yppenerdhe (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Ippener''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Ippner'')</small> * [[Ysinibutle]]<ref name="Ysinibutle">Vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=5905372&utm ''Arcinsys''], ubi dicitur "(...) Isenbüttel, Kr. Gifhorn (Ysinibutle, Ysenebutle) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Isenbüttel'')</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] 0ozii7uv9qr0s94rxlc4jeh53hdxy37 3986165 3986148 2026-09-06T13:00:53Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986165 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communia et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auriacum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auriacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Bersinium]]<ref name="Kaemling 1987">Kaemling, ''Atlas zur Geschichte Niedersachsens'' (1987).</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Berßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groten Bässen'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bücken''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Coeli Porta]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himmelpforten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himmelpoorten'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Curia Maiorica]]<ref name="Curia Maiorica">Manfred Niemeyer (Hrsg.): ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter, Berolini 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7, S. 298.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jork''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jörk'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-thal''' : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Diddersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklaga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dithgherscope-Twielenflethum]]<ref name="Hollern">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hollern-twielenfleth/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi dicitur "(...) ''Luderus in Dithgherscope'' (...)".</ref><ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollern-Twielenfleth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullern-Twielenfleth'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Draga (Albis)|Draga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentweda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf'' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Hildesiensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-e"/> </small>(in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]]<ref name="Circulus Hildesiensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Hildesiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Hildesheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Hildesiensis-e" ad [[Hildesia]]m refertur. Hac de urbe, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Circulo Holtisminnensi]]<ref name="Circulus Holtisminnensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eimka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elba (Saxonia Inferior)|Elba]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Ericetum Magnum]]<ref name="Ericetum">[https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=MeckWB&lemid=H01756 Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-heide'' Latino nomine "Ericetum-i" vertitur.]</ref><ref name="Magnus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Groß-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um" vertitur.]</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootheid'')</small> * [[Escheda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Frideburgum]]<ref name="Frideburgum">Vide [https://www.heimatbund-finnentrop.de/index_htm_files/Staats-%20u.%20Reisegeogr.%205.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Beschreibung derer merkwürdigsten Oerter''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Frideburg, Friedeburg, lat. Frideburgum'''. Liegt im Fürstenthum Ostfriesland, an den Grenzen der Grafschaft Oldenburg (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Friedeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freborg'' seu ''Freebörg'')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedlandia]]<ref name="Friedland">Theodiscum toponymum ''Friedland' in Latinam "Friedlandia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friedland'')</small> * [[Frisoyta]]<ref name="Frisoyta">Vide [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363707446_Der_Status_animarum_im_Hochstift_Munster_und_die_Alphabetisierung_im_landlichen_Raum_eines_geistlichen_Furstentums_im_17_und_18_Jahrhundert ''Der Status animarum im Hochstift Münster und die Alphabetisierung im ländlichen Raum eines geistlichen Fürstentums im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert''], ubi dicitur "(...) Specificatio catholic[orum] et acatholicorum in Frisoyta (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friesoythe''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ait''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aithe'')</small> * [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'')</small> * [[Furstenberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fürstenberg'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesea]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ganderkesee''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gannerseer'')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gandesbergen'')</small> * [[Garbsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garbsen'')</small> * [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garrel'')</small> * [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'')</small> * [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'')</small> * [[Geesta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Geeste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Choeiste'')</small> * [[Geestlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Geestland'')</small> * [[Gehrda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde'')</small> * [[Gemmegum]]<ref name="Gemmegum">Vide ''Giminghem - der alte Name von Jemgum'' Gerhardi Kronsweide; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Mittelalterliche urkundliche und einige neuzeitliche Nennungen von Jemgum''' (...) Gemmegum (Urkunde in lateinisch) (...) Gommegum (lat.) (...) Gemghum (lat.) (...) Gemmyngum (lat.) (...) Jemgum (Ubbo Emmius, lat.) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jemgum'')</small> * [[Georgsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Georgsdorf'')</small> * [[Gerdavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gerdau'')</small> * [[Gerdinum]]<ref name="Gerdinium">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/gehrden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der spätere Flecken möglicherweis erstmals als ''Gerdinum'' im Verzeichnis der Schenkungen (''Traditionen'') an das Kloster Corvey erwähnt, das um 826/76 angelegt wurde (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gieren'')</small> * [[Gersta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gersten'')</small> * [[Geteloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'')</small> * [[Gevensleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gevensleben'')</small> * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'')</small> * [[Giesa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Giesen'')</small> * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gilten'')</small> * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'')</small> * [[Gleicha]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gleichen'')</small> * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'')</small> * [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'')</small> * [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'')</small> * [[Goldenstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Goldenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gollnste'')</small> * [[Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'')</small> * [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'')</small> * [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'')</small> * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-horst'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-horstium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-horst''' : -''horstium'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grafhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grafhorst'')</small> * [[Grasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grasbarg'')</small> * [[Grasleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasleben''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graslewe'')</small> * [[Grethemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grethem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graitn'')</small> * [[Grona (Leina)|Grona]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gronau'')</small> * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grunendicum]]<ref name="-dicum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-diek'' aut ''-deich'' aut ''-dijk'' aut ''-dyk'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dicum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Isendicum]] apud {{Graesse}}; aut [[Mardicum]] apud ''Dictionnaire universel françois et latin, vulgairement appelé Dictionnaire de Trévoux''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grünendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Greundiek'')</small> * [[Guderhandviertel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Guderhandviertel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gauderhandviddel'')</small> * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'')</small> * [[Gyhum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gyhum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jeem'')</small> {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hademstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hademstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hamstorp'')</small> * [[Haeslinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heeslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßel'')</small> * [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Haga]]<ref name="Haga">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „ Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hage''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Haag'')</small> * [[Haga ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Haga Bremensis]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref>Latinum gentilicium "Bremensis-e" Theodiscum syntagma ''im Bremischen'' vertit.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen im Bremischen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagen'')</small> * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hagenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagenborg'')</small> * [[Halbemontium]]<ref name="-montium">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-mond'' aut ''-mont'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-montium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-mond, mont''' : -''montium, mons'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halbemond'')</small> * [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(in Montibus [[Visurgis]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halla (Comitatus Binethensis)|Halla]]<ref name="Halla prope Neuenhusam">Theodiscum toponymum ''Halle'' plerumque toponymo "Halla-ae" latinizatur. Qua de latinizatione, vide complures Hallae apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(prope [[Neuenhusa]]m<ref name="-husa"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Halvesbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassbossel'')</small> * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hamberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambargen'')</small> * [[Hambuhra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambühren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambüren'')</small> * [[Hamele]]<ref name="Hamele">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2261/NOB%20VIII_Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Peine.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VIII Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Peine''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1146 ''in Sutherem iuxta Hamele'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 239 S. 222) 1180 ''in Bikem iuxta Honhamelen'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 396 S. 385) 1193 ''in Honhamele'' (UB H.Hild. II Nachtrag Nr. 13 S. 580) 1198 ''apud Honhamelen'' (...) 1251 ''Sutherem apud Hoenhamale'' (UB H.Hild. II Nr. 861 S. 435) 1278-1280 ''iugera Hamelen'' (Lehnregister Meinersen II Nr. 20 S. 590) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohenhameln''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häogenhameln'')</small> * [[Hamelhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hämelhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hämelhusen'')</small> * [[Hamersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hamersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Homersen'')</small> * [[Hamma (Saxonia Inferior)|Hamma]]<ref name="-ah">Germanica aut Semitica aut Indoiranica toponyma cum terminatione ''-ah'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Exempli gratiā: [[Calvela]], [[Maliana]], Parra, [[Widenla]], [[Zellia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hammah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hammoh'')</small> * [[Handeloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handeloh'' seu olim ''Handorf bei Tostedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Handorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Hantharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Handrup'')</small> * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Harburgensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanstää'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanster'')</small> * [[Hardegsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hardegsen'')</small> * [[Harmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harmsdörp'')</small> * [[Harna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haren'')</small> * [[Harpstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harpstäe'')</small> * [[Harsfeldum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harsefeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harsfeld'' seu ''Hasfeld'')</small> * [[Harsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Harsum'')</small> * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hasbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hasbergen'')</small> * [[Hasburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haßbergen'')</small> * [[Hasela (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasela]]<ref name="Hasela">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hassel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Dort ist die ''villa Hasela'' erwähnt, also das Dorf Hassel (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hassel'')</small> * [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'')</small> * [[Hassendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hassendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassendörp'')</small> * [[Hasta (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haste'')</small> * [[Hatta]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hatten'')</small> * [[Hattorpium ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hattorf am Harz'')</small> * [[Hauslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Häuslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüßel'')</small> * [[Haverla]]<ref name="Haverla">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) um 941 (Fä. Mitte 12. Jh., kop. 17. Jh.) ''Haverlae'' (...) 1319 ''Haverla'' (UB H Hild. IV 464 S. 247) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haverlah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haberlah'')</small> * [[Hechthusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hechthausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heckthusen'')</small> * [[Hedebere]]<ref name="Hedebere">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''Antiquum Hedebere seu Minus, Novum Hedebere seu Maius'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hedeper''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heper'')</small> * [[Heeda (Terra Emesensis)|Heeda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häie'')</small> * [[Heemsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsen'')</small> * [[Heessa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßen'')</small> * [[Heidenavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heidenau'')</small> * [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'')</small> * [[Heinbockel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinbockel'')</small> * [[Heiningensis Locus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heiningen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heinig'')</small> * [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'')</small> * [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'')</small> * [[Hellwega]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hellwege''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hellweeg'')</small> * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Helpsen'')</small> * [[Helvesiecca]]<ref name="-siek">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)". Hoc in casu, applicatur terminatio latinizans formae antiquae suffixi ''-siek'' -quae ''-sieck'', ut accidit in toponymis velut ''Bannensieck'', cuius hodierna forma ''Bannensiek'' est. Qua de ultima antiqua forma, vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=2955251 ''Arcinsys''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Helvesiek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helsch'')</small> * [[Hemminga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hemminga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemmingen'')</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemmoor'')</small> * [[Hemsbunda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsbünde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsbünnen'')</small> * [[Hemslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemslingen'')</small> * [[Hemsloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsloh''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hemzel'' seu ''Hemsel'' seu ''Hemßel'')</small> * [[Hepstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hepstedt''; [Saxonice]] ''Hepst'' seu ''Heps'')</small> * [[Hepstidi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hipstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hipst'')</small> * [[Herrum]]<ref name="Herrum">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Majori villa Herre'' (...) ''Maiori Here'' (...) ''Minori Herro'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heere'')</small> * [[Hertzberga ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Herzberg am Harz'')</small> * [[Herzlaka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Herzlake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hässelke'')</small> * [[Hespa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hespe'')</small> * [[Heuerssa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heuerßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoarßen'')</small> * [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen'')</small> * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilgermissen'')</small> * [[Hillersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hillerse'')</small> * [[Hilter ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hilter am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Himberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himbargen'')</small> * [[Hinuti]]<ref name="Hinuti">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3180/Hinte.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Dorf wurde im 10. Jahrhundert als „in Hinuti“ erstmals urkundlich erfasst (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hinte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hint'')</small> * [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci'')</small> * [[Hittberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hittbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hittbargen'')</small> * [[Hodenhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hodenhagen'')</small> * [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'')</small> * [[Hohna]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hohne'')</small> * [[Hohnhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hionhoste'')</small> * [[Hohnstorpium (Albis)|Hohnstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haunstörp'')</small> * [[Holdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Holdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hollrup'')</small> * [[Holdunesteti]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullnst'')</small> * [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'')</small> * [[Holla]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holle'')</small> * [[Hollnsethum]]<ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hollnseth'')</small> * [[Holsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holste'')</small> * [[Holtgaste]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtgast'')</small> * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'')</small> * [[Holza]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'')</small> * [[Honengesbuthele]]<ref name="Honengesbuthele">Vide [https://blog.slub-dresden.de/fileadmin/groups/slubsite/Blog/2015-KristinCasimir-VortragDresden.pdf?utm ''Ortsnamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe - Onomastik im europäischen Raum''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Honengesbvthele'' statt ''Honekesbutle'' (Casemir, -büttel S. 147) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hankensbüttel'')</small> * [[Hoogsteda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hoogstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoogstee'')</small> * [[Horda ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-e"/><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hörden am Harz'')</small> * [[Horneburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hornborg'')</small> * [[Horstadium (Saxonia Inferior)|Horstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Horß'')</small> * [[Hoya]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hoya''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Hoya/Weser''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''de Haaien'' seu ''Hejen'' seu ''Hajen'')</small> * [[Huda (Circulus terrae Diepholtia)|Huda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hüde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüde'')</small> * [[Hudha]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hude'')</small> * [[Hulseda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hülsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hülse'')</small> * [[Husum (prope Novam Urbem)|Husum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Husum'')</small> * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte'')</small> * [[Huvenni]]<ref name="Huvenni">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/suffixbildungen-in-alten-ortsnamen-akten-eines-internationalen-symposiums-in-uppsala-14-16-mai-2004-9185352578.html?utm ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala 14.-16. Mai 2004 9185352578''], ubi dicitur "(...) Hüven (Kr. Emsland), 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) in Huvenni (Möller 1998 S. 101, Udolph 2002a S. 238) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hüven'')</small> {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iatha (Saxonia Inferior)|Iatha]]<ref name="Iatha">Commune nomen e flumine cepit. Quo de flumine, vide [https://www.lateinlexikon.com/lexicon_latinum_hodiernum_parsgeographica.pdf?utm ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'' Petri Lucusaltiani], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Jade'', f ''Iatha, ae'', f [WPD: Jade (Fluss) (24.11.2019); a.1314: Jatha] (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jaad'')</small> * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ielmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jelmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jelmstörp'')</small> * [[Iembka]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jembke'')</small> * [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'')</small> * [[Ierichsum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jerxheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jerksen'')</small> * [[Iesteburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jesteburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jesborg'')</small> * [[Ihlienverda]]<ref name="-verda-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-worth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-verda-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-worth''' : -''verda'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ihlienworth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmworth'')</small> * [[Indago Comitis Hoyae]]<ref name="Indago Comitis Hoyae">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hoyerhagen/?utm ''kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''indago comitis Hoye'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hoyerhagen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Heierhagen'' seu ''Heyerhagen'')</small> * [[Insula Iuistensis]]<ref name="Iuistensis">De Latino gentilicio, cf. [[binomen|epithetum binominale]] [https://turbellaria.umaine.edu/turbellaria/turb3.php?action=6&code=598&valid=618&utm "juistensis"].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Juist'')</small> * [[Isernhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isernhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isernhogen'')</small> * [[Isterberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isterberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isterbarg'')</small> * [[Itterbecca]]<ref name="-ecca">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Itterbeck'')</small> * [[Iuniun]]<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''], ubi dicitur "(...) 960 Iuniun (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) Johan de June (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jühnde'')</small> {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp'')</small> * [[Kalbe (Saxonia Inferior)|Kalbe]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kalbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kalf'')</small> * [[Kalefeld]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Karwitz]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Kettenkamp]] * [[Kirchbrak]] * [[Kirchdorf (bei Sulingen)|Kirchdorf]] * [[Kirchgellersen]] * [[Kirchlinteln]] * [[Kirchseelte]] * [[Kirchtimke]] * [[Kirchwalsede]] * [[Kissenbrück]] * [[Klein Berßen]] * [[Klein Meckelsen]] * [[Kluse (Emsland)|Kluse]] * [[Kneitlingen]] * [[Kneta Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großenkneten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grotekneten'')</small> * [[Köhlen]] * [[Königsmoor]] * [[Kranenburg (Oste)|Kranenburg]] * [[Krebeck]] * [[Krummendeich]] * [[Krummhörn]] * [[Kührstedt]] * [[Küsten]] * [[Kutenholz]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laar]] * [[Laatzen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Lachendorf]] * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] * [[Lähden]] * [[Lahn (Hümmling)|Lahn]] * ''[[Lamspringe]]'' * [[Lamstedt]] * [[Landesbergen]] * [[Landolfshausen]] * [[Landwehr (Gemeinde)|Landwehr]] * [[Langelsheim]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * '''[[Langen (bei Bremerhaven)|Langen]]''' <small>(b.Bremerhaven)</small> * [[Langen (Emsland)|Langen]] <small>(Emsland)</small> * [[Langendorf (Elbe)|Langendorf]] * [[Langenhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Langeoog]] * [[Langlingen]] * [[Langwedel (Weser)|Langwedel]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lastrup]] * [[Lathen]] * [[Lauenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenbrück]] * [[Lauenförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenhagen]] * [[Leese]] * [[Leezdorf]] * [[Lehe (Emsland)|Lehe]] * [[Lehre (Niedersachsen)|Lehre]] * [[Lehrte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Leiferde]] * [[Lembruch]] * [[Lemförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lemgow]] * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengede]] * [[Lengenbostel]] * [[Lengerich (Emsland)|Lengerich]] * [[Lenne (Niedersachsen)|Lenne]] * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Liebenau (Niedersachsen)|Liebenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Liebenburg]] * [[Lilienthal]] * [[Lindern (Oldenburg)]] * [[Lindhorst]] * [[Lindwedel]] * [[Lingen (Ems)]] <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Linsburg]] * [[Lintig]] * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lohne (Oldenburg)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Löningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Lorup]] * [[Loxstedt]] * [[Lübberstedt]] * [[Lübbow]] * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] * [[Lüder (Lüneburger Heide)|Lüder]] * [[Lüdersburg]] * [[Lüdersfeld]] * [[Lüerdissen]] * [[Luhden]] * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lunne]]<ref name="Lunne">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/haseluenne/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''civibus opidi nostri in Lunne'' (...)". Latinum autem gentilicium "Haselunnensis-e" est. Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haselünne''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lunni (commune generali Spella)|Lunni]]<ref name="Lunni">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/AltdeutschesNamenbuch-Bd2OrtsnamenLbisZ-3A-1913.pdf?utm ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch'']; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Lunni.''' 9. 1) Altlünne bei Plantlünne (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lütetsburg]] * ''[[Lutter am Barenberge]]'' * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasen]] * [[Magna Palus]]<ref name="Magna Palus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum toponymicum praefixum ''Große-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um"] et [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/germanistischewoerterbuecher/altsaechsischeswoerterbuch/asF.pdf Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großefehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootfehn'')</small> * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Marienhafe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Marienhagen]] * [[Mariental (Niedersachsen)|Mariental]] * [[Marklohe]] * [[Marl (Dümmer)|Marl]] * [[Marschacht]] * [[Martfeld]] * [[Marxen]] * [[Mechtersen]] * [[Meckelsa Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Meckels'')</small> * [[Meerbeck]] * [[Meine]] * [[Meinersen]] * [[Melbeck]] * [[Melle]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Mellinghausen]] * [[Menslage]] * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merzen]] * [[Messenkamp]] * [[Messingen]] * [[Midlum (Land Wursten)|Midlum]] * [[Misselwarden]] * [[Mittelnkirchen]] * [[Mittelstenahe]] * [[Moisburg]] * [[Molbergen]] * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Moormerland]] * [[Moorweg]] * [[Moringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Müden (Alara)]] * [[Mulsum (Land Wursten)|Mulsum]] * [[Mundia Hannoverana]]<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana">Vide [https://spatial.demo.geocode.earth/explore/place/wof/101810167?utm ''Geocode Earth''], ubi dicitur "(...) LAT preferred '''Mundia Hannoverana''' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hann. Münden'' seu ''Hannoversch Münden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannöversch Münnen'')</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Munster (Örtze)|Munster]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorf]] * [[Natendorf]] * [[Neetze]] * [[Negenborn]] * [[Nenndorf (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorf]] * [[Neubörger]] * [[Neu Darchau]] * [[Neuenhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenhaus''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenhuus'')</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Altes Land)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Altes Land)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (bei Bassum)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(b.Bassum)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Land Hadeln)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Landkreis Osnabrück)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lkr.Osnabrück)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Lüneburger Heide)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lüneb.Heide)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] * [[Neuharlingersiel]] * [[Neuhaus (Oste)]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Neuhof (Landkreis Hildesheim)|Neuhof]] * [[Neukamperfehn]] * [[Neulehe]] * [[Neuschoo]] * [[Neustadt am Rübenberge]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] * [[Niederlangen]] * [[Niedernwöhren]] * [[Niemetal]] * [[Nienhagen (Landkreis Celle)|Nienhagen]] * [[Nienstädt]] * [[Norden]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordenham]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Norderney]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordholz]] * [[Nordleda]] * [[Nordsehl]] * [[Nordstemmen]] * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] * [[Nortrup]] * [[Nottensdorf]] * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oesinga Maior]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Oesingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Oesingen'')</small> * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Palus Hagensis]]<ref name="Palus Hagensis">[https://www.latin-is-simple.com/de/vocabulary/noun/13172/#google_vignette Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-marsch'' Latino vocabulo "palus paludis" vertitur] et Latinum gentilicium "Hagensis-e", quod ad [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hagam]] refertur, Theodiscum gentilicium praefixum ''Hager-'' vertitur. Quo de gentilicio et toponymo, vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hagermarsch'')</small> * [[Palus Hilcae]]<ref name="Hilkenbrook">Theodiscum toponymum ''Hilkenbrook'', quamquam hodiernum est, syntagmate ''Palus Hilcae'' Latine verti potest. Nomen Germanicum ''Hilcke'', variatio nominis Theodisci ''Hilken-'', apud Stark ad formam Latinam "Hilca-ae" refertur, quae saeculo XII testata est (''Monumenta Garsensia'', n. 37; ''Monumenta Boica'' I, 27): Stark, F. (1866), ''Die Kosenamen der Germanen'', p. 318. Brook, i. e. bruoh «Sumpf, sumpfiges Gelände», Latine "palus, paludis" reddi potest. Itaque, anthroponomycum praefixum ''Hilken-'' ad nomen ''Hilca'' relatum et suffixum ''brook'' per vocabulum "palus, paludis" redditum, ''Hilkenbrook'' interpretari licet "Palus Hilcae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilkenbrook'')</small> * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] * [[Rohrsen]] * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schola Dei]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ihlow''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ihl'')</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spella]]<ref name="Spella">Vide [https://www.emsland.com/la/tour/emsland-route-395-km?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.esland.com''], ubi dicitur "(...) A Spella ad Rhenum: circiter XVI km (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Spelle'')</small> * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twilpstede Maius]]<ref name="Twilpstede Maius">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori'' (...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori et Minori'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Twülpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Twülpstidde'')</small> * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vicus Vetus Hassicus]]<ref name="Vicus Vetus Hassicus">Vide [https://www.fallingrain.com/world/GM/06/Hessisch_Oldendorf.html?utm ''www.fallingrain''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Other (Latin) names: Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Hessisch-Oldendorf,Hessisch-Oldendorf''' (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hessisch Oldendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eolendörpe'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] * [[Warpe]] * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worde]]<ref name="Worde">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/grossenwoerden/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Hinricus rector ecclesie in Worde'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Großenwörden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootweurn'')</small> * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Y === {{div col|3}} * [[Ylsede]]<ref name="Ylsede">Vide [https://kleinilsede.hier-im-netz.de/historis.htm ''Historisches über Klein Ilsede''], ubi dicitur "(...) minori ylsede (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ilsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ilse'')</small> * [[Yppenerdhe]]<ref name="Yppenerdhe">Vide [https://www.gross-ippener.de/gemeinde/geschichte.html?utm ''Groß Ippene''], ubi dicitur "(...) Parrochia Yppenerdhe (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Ippener''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Ippner'')</small> * [[Ysinibutle]]<ref name="Ysinibutle">Vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=5905372&utm ''Arcinsys''], ubi dicitur "(...) Isenbüttel, Kr. Gifhorn (Ysinibutle, Ysenebutle) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Isenbüttel'')</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] a3p0zhfoteaw5ma3y0jw1djf99phxeh 3986237 3986165 2026-09-06T20:14:38Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986237 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communia et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auriacum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auriacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Bersinium]]<ref name="Kaemling 1987">Kaemling, ''Atlas zur Geschichte Niedersachsens'' (1987).</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Berßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groten Bässen'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bücken''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Coeli Porta]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himmelpforten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himmelpoorten'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Curia Maiorica]]<ref name="Curia Maiorica">Manfred Niemeyer (Hrsg.): ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter, Berolini 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7, S. 298.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jork''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jörk'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-thal''' : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Diddersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklaga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dithgherscope-Twielenflethum]]<ref name="Hollern">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hollern-twielenfleth/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi dicitur "(...) ''Luderus in Dithgherscope'' (...)".</ref><ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollern-Twielenfleth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullern-Twielenfleth'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Draga (Albis)|Draga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentweda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf'' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Hildesiensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-e"/> </small>(in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]]<ref name="Circulus Hildesiensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Hildesiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Hildesheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Hildesiensis-e" ad [[Hildesia]]m refertur. Hac de urbe, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Circulo Holtisminnensi]]<ref name="Circulus Holtisminnensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eimka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elba (Saxonia Inferior)|Elba]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Ericetum Magnum]]<ref name="Ericetum">[https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=MeckWB&lemid=H01756 Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-heide'' Latino nomine "Ericetum-i" vertitur.]</ref><ref name="Magnus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Groß-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um" vertitur.]</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootheid'')</small> * [[Escheda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Frideburgum]]<ref name="Frideburgum">Vide [https://www.heimatbund-finnentrop.de/index_htm_files/Staats-%20u.%20Reisegeogr.%205.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Beschreibung derer merkwürdigsten Oerter''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Frideburg, Friedeburg, lat. Frideburgum'''. Liegt im Fürstenthum Ostfriesland, an den Grenzen der Grafschaft Oldenburg (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Friedeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freborg'' seu ''Freebörg'')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedlandia]]<ref name="Friedland">Theodiscum toponymum ''Friedland' in Latinam "Friedlandia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friedland'')</small> * [[Frisoyta]]<ref name="Frisoyta">Vide [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363707446_Der_Status_animarum_im_Hochstift_Munster_und_die_Alphabetisierung_im_landlichen_Raum_eines_geistlichen_Furstentums_im_17_und_18_Jahrhundert ''Der Status animarum im Hochstift Münster und die Alphabetisierung im ländlichen Raum eines geistlichen Fürstentums im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert''], ubi dicitur "(...) Specificatio catholic[orum] et acatholicorum in Frisoyta (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friesoythe''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ait''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aithe'')</small> * [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'')</small> * [[Furstenberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fürstenberg'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesea]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ganderkesee''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gannerseer'')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gandesbergen'')</small> * [[Garbsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garbsen'')</small> * [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garrel'')</small> * [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'')</small> * [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'')</small> * [[Geesta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Geeste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Choeiste'')</small> * [[Geestlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Geestland'')</small> * [[Gehrda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde'')</small> * [[Gemmegum]]<ref name="Gemmegum">Vide ''Giminghem - der alte Name von Jemgum'' Gerhardi Kronsweide; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Mittelalterliche urkundliche und einige neuzeitliche Nennungen von Jemgum''' (...) Gemmegum (Urkunde in lateinisch) (...) Gommegum (lat.) (...) Gemghum (lat.) (...) Gemmyngum (lat.) (...) Jemgum (Ubbo Emmius, lat.) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jemgum'')</small> * [[Georgsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Georgsdorf'')</small> * [[Gerdavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gerdau'')</small> * [[Gerdinum]]<ref name="Gerdinium">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/gehrden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der spätere Flecken möglicherweis erstmals als ''Gerdinum'' im Verzeichnis der Schenkungen (''Traditionen'') an das Kloster Corvey erwähnt, das um 826/76 angelegt wurde (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gieren'')</small> * [[Gersta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gersten'')</small> * [[Geteloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'')</small> * [[Gevensleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gevensleben'')</small> * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'')</small> * [[Giesa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Giesen'')</small> * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gilten'')</small> * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'')</small> * [[Gleicha]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gleichen'')</small> * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'')</small> * [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'')</small> * [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'')</small> * [[Goldenstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Goldenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gollnste'')</small> * [[Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'')</small> * [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'')</small> * [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'')</small> * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-horst'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-horstium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-horst''' : -''horstium'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grafhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grafhorst'')</small> * [[Grasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grasbarg'')</small> * [[Grasleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasleben''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graslewe'')</small> * [[Grethemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grethem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graitn'')</small> * [[Grona (Leina)|Grona]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gronau'')</small> * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grunendicum]]<ref name="-dicum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-diek'' aut ''-deich'' aut ''-dijk'' aut ''-dyk'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dicum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Isendicum]] apud {{Graesse}}; aut [[Mardicum]] apud ''Dictionnaire universel françois et latin, vulgairement appelé Dictionnaire de Trévoux''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grünendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Greundiek'')</small> * [[Guderhandviertel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Guderhandviertel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gauderhandviddel'')</small> * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'')</small> * [[Gyhum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gyhum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jeem'')</small> {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hademstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hademstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hamstorp'')</small> * [[Haeslinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heeslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßel'')</small> * [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Haga]]<ref name="Haga">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „ Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hage''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Haag'')</small> * [[Haga ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Haga Bremensis]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref>Latinum gentilicium "Bremensis-e" Theodiscum syntagma ''im Bremischen'' vertit.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen im Bremischen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagen'')</small> * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hagenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagenborg'')</small> * [[Halbemontium]]<ref name="-montium">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-mond'' aut ''-mont'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-montium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-mond, mont''' : -''montium, mons'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halbemond'')</small> * [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(in Montibus [[Visurgis]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halla (Comitatus Binethensis)|Halla]]<ref name="Halla prope Neuenhusam">Theodiscum toponymum ''Halle'' plerumque toponymo "Halla-ae" latinizatur. Qua de latinizatione, vide complures Hallae apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(prope [[Neuenhusa]]m<ref name="-husa"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Halvesbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassbossel'')</small> * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hamberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambargen'')</small> * [[Hambuhra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambühren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambüren'')</small> * [[Hamele]]<ref name="Hamele">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2261/NOB%20VIII_Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Peine.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VIII Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Peine''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1146 ''in Sutherem iuxta Hamele'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 239 S. 222) 1180 ''in Bikem iuxta Honhamelen'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 396 S. 385) 1193 ''in Honhamele'' (UB H.Hild. II Nachtrag Nr. 13 S. 580) 1198 ''apud Honhamelen'' (...) 1251 ''Sutherem apud Hoenhamale'' (UB H.Hild. II Nr. 861 S. 435) 1278-1280 ''iugera Hamelen'' (Lehnregister Meinersen II Nr. 20 S. 590) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohenhameln''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häogenhameln'')</small> * [[Hamelhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hämelhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hämelhusen'')</small> * [[Hamersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hamersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Homersen'')</small> * [[Hamma (Saxonia Inferior)|Hamma]]<ref name="-ah">Germanica aut Semitica aut Indoiranica toponyma cum terminatione ''-ah'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Exempli gratiā: [[Calvela]], [[Maliana]], Parra, [[Widenla]], [[Zellia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hammah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hammoh'')</small> * [[Handeloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handeloh'' seu olim ''Handorf bei Tostedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Handorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Hantharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Handrup'')</small> * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Harburgensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanstää'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanster'')</small> * [[Hardegsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hardegsen'')</small> * [[Harmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harmsdörp'')</small> * [[Harna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haren'')</small> * [[Harpstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harpstäe'')</small> * [[Harsfeldum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harsefeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harsfeld'' seu ''Hasfeld'')</small> * [[Harsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Harsum'')</small> * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hasbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hasbergen'')</small> * [[Hasburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haßbergen'')</small> * [[Hasela (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasela]]<ref name="Hasela">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hassel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Dort ist die ''villa Hasela'' erwähnt, also das Dorf Hassel (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hassel'')</small> * [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'')</small> * [[Hassendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hassendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassendörp'')</small> * [[Hasta (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haste'')</small> * [[Hatta]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hatten'')</small> * [[Hattorpium ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hattorf am Harz'')</small> * [[Hauslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Häuslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüßel'')</small> * [[Haverla]]<ref name="Haverla">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) um 941 (Fä. Mitte 12. Jh., kop. 17. Jh.) ''Haverlae'' (...) 1319 ''Haverla'' (UB H Hild. IV 464 S. 247) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haverlah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haberlah'')</small> * [[Hechthusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hechthausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heckthusen'')</small> * [[Hedebere]]<ref name="Hedebere">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''Antiquum Hedebere seu Minus, Novum Hedebere seu Maius'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hedeper''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heper'')</small> * [[Heeda (Terra Emesensis)|Heeda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häie'')</small> * [[Heemsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsen'')</small> * [[Heessa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßen'')</small> * [[Heidenavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heidenau'')</small> * [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'')</small> * [[Heinbockel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinbockel'')</small> * [[Heiningensis Locus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heiningen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heinig'')</small> * [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'')</small> * [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'')</small> * [[Hellwega]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hellwege''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hellweeg'')</small> * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Helpsen'')</small> * [[Helvesiecca]]<ref name="-siek">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)". Hoc in casu, applicatur terminatio latinizans formae antiquae suffixi ''-siek'' -quae ''-sieck'', ut accidit in toponymis velut ''Bannensieck'', cuius hodierna forma ''Bannensiek'' est. Qua de ultima antiqua forma, vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=2955251 ''Arcinsys''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Helvesiek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helsch'')</small> * [[Hemminga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hemminga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemmingen'')</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemmoor'')</small> * [[Hemsbunda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsbünde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsbünnen'')</small> * [[Hemslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemslingen'')</small> * [[Hemsloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsloh''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hemzel'' seu ''Hemsel'' seu ''Hemßel'')</small> * [[Hepstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hepstedt''; [Saxonice]] ''Hepst'' seu ''Heps'')</small> * [[Hepstidi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hipstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hipst'')</small> * [[Herrum]]<ref name="Herrum">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Majori villa Herre'' (...) ''Maiori Here'' (...) ''Minori Herro'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heere'')</small> * [[Hertzberga ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Herzberg am Harz'')</small> * [[Herzlaka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Herzlake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hässelke'')</small> * [[Hespa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hespe'')</small> * [[Heuerssa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heuerßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoarßen'')</small> * [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen'')</small> * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilgermissen'')</small> * [[Hillersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hillerse'')</small> * [[Hilter ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hilter am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Himberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himbargen'')</small> * [[Hinuti]]<ref name="Hinuti">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3180/Hinte.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Dorf wurde im 10. Jahrhundert als „in Hinuti“ erstmals urkundlich erfasst (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hinte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hint'')</small> * [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci'')</small> * [[Hittberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hittbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hittbargen'')</small> * [[Hodenhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hodenhagen'')</small> * [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'')</small> * [[Hohna]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hohne'')</small> * [[Hohnhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hionhoste'')</small> * [[Hohnstorpium (Albis)|Hohnstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haunstörp'')</small> * [[Holdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Holdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hollrup'')</small> * [[Holdunesteti]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullnst'')</small> * [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'')</small> * [[Holla]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holle'')</small> * [[Hollnsethum]]<ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hollnseth'')</small> * [[Holsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holste'')</small> * [[Holtgaste]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtgast'')</small> * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'')</small> * [[Holza]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'')</small> * [[Honengesbuthele]]<ref name="Honengesbuthele">Vide [https://blog.slub-dresden.de/fileadmin/groups/slubsite/Blog/2015-KristinCasimir-VortragDresden.pdf?utm ''Ortsnamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe - Onomastik im europäischen Raum''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Honengesbvthele'' statt ''Honekesbutle'' (Casemir, -büttel S. 147) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hankensbüttel'')</small> * [[Hoogsteda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hoogstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoogstee'')</small> * [[Horda ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-e"/><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hörden am Harz'')</small> * [[Horneburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hornborg'')</small> * [[Horstadium (Saxonia Inferior)|Horstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Horß'')</small> * [[Hoya]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hoya''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Hoya/Weser''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''de Haaien'' seu ''Hejen'' seu ''Hajen'')</small> * [[Huda (Circulus terrae Diepholtia)|Huda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hüde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüde'')</small> * [[Hudha]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hude'')</small> * [[Hulseda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hülsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hülse'')</small> * [[Husum (prope Novam Urbem)|Husum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Husum'')</small> * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte'')</small> * [[Huvenni]]<ref name="Huvenni">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/suffixbildungen-in-alten-ortsnamen-akten-eines-internationalen-symposiums-in-uppsala-14-16-mai-2004-9185352578.html?utm ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala 14.-16. Mai 2004 9185352578''], ubi dicitur "(...) Hüven (Kr. Emsland), 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) in Huvenni (Möller 1998 S. 101, Udolph 2002a S. 238) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hüven'')</small> {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iatha (Saxonia Inferior)|Iatha]]<ref name="Iatha">Commune nomen e flumine cepit. Quo de flumine, vide [https://www.lateinlexikon.com/lexicon_latinum_hodiernum_parsgeographica.pdf?utm ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'' Petri Lucusaltiani], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Jade'', f ''Iatha, ae'', f [WPD: Jade (Fluss) (24.11.2019); a.1314: Jatha] (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jaad'')</small> * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ielmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jelmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jelmstörp'')</small> * [[Iembka]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jembke'')</small> * [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'')</small> * [[Ierichsum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jerxheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jerksen'')</small> * [[Iesteburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jesteburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jesborg'')</small> * [[Ihlienverda]]<ref name="-verda-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-worth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-verda-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-worth''' : -''verda'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ihlienworth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmworth'')</small> * [[Indago Comitis Hoyae]]<ref name="Indago Comitis Hoyae">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hoyerhagen/?utm ''kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''indago comitis Hoye'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hoyerhagen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Heierhagen'' seu ''Heyerhagen'')</small> * [[Insula Iuistensis]]<ref name="Iuistensis">De Latino gentilicio, cf. [[binomen|epithetum binominale]] [https://turbellaria.umaine.edu/turbellaria/turb3.php?action=6&code=598&valid=618&utm "juistensis"].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Juist'')</small> * [[Isernhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isernhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isernhogen'')</small> * [[Isterberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isterberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isterbarg'')</small> * [[Itterbecca]]<ref name="-ecca">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Itterbeck'')</small> * [[Iuniun]]<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''], ubi dicitur "(...) 960 Iuniun (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) Johan de June (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jühnde'')</small> {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp'')</small> * [[Kalba]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kalbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kalf'')</small> * [[Kalefeld]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Karwitz]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Kettenkamp]] * [[Kirchbrak]] * [[Kirchdorf (bei Sulingen)|Kirchdorf]] * [[Kirchgellersen]] * [[Kirchlinteln]] * [[Kirchseelte]] * [[Kirchtimke]] * [[Kirchwalsede]] * [[Kissenbrück]] * [[Klein Berßen]] * [[Klein Meckelsen]] * [[Kluse (Emsland)|Kluse]] * [[Kneitlingen]] * [[Kneta Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großenkneten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grotekneten'')</small> * [[Köhlen]] * [[Königsmoor]] * [[Kranenburg (Oste)|Kranenburg]] * [[Krebeck]] * [[Krummendeich]] * [[Krummhörn]] * [[Kührstedt]] * [[Küsten]] * [[Kutenholz]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laar]] * [[Laatzen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Lachendorf]] * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] * [[Lähden]] * [[Lahn (Hümmling)|Lahn]] * ''[[Lamspringe]]'' * [[Lamstedt]] * [[Landesbergen]] * [[Landolfshausen]] * [[Landwehr (Gemeinde)|Landwehr]] * [[Langelsheim]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * '''[[Langen (bei Bremerhaven)|Langen]]''' <small>(b.Bremerhaven)</small> * [[Langen (Emsland)|Langen]] <small>(Emsland)</small> * [[Langendorf (Elbe)|Langendorf]] * [[Langenhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Langeoog]] * [[Langlingen]] * [[Langwedel (Weser)|Langwedel]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lastrup]] * [[Lathen]] * [[Lauenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenbrück]] * [[Lauenförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenhagen]] * [[Leese]] * [[Leezdorf]] * [[Lehe (Emsland)|Lehe]] * [[Lehre (Niedersachsen)|Lehre]] * [[Lehrte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Leiferde]] * [[Lembruch]] * [[Lemförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lemgow]] * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengede]] * [[Lengenbostel]] * [[Lengerich (Emsland)|Lengerich]] * [[Lenne (Niedersachsen)|Lenne]] * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Liebenau (Niedersachsen)|Liebenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Liebenburg]] * [[Lilienthal]] * [[Lindern (Oldenburg)]] * [[Lindhorst]] * [[Lindwedel]] * [[Lingen (Ems)]] <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Linsburg]] * [[Lintig]] * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lohne (Oldenburg)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Löningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Lorup]] * [[Loxstedt]] * [[Lübberstedt]] * [[Lübbow]] * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] * [[Lüder (Lüneburger Heide)|Lüder]] * [[Lüdersburg]] * [[Lüdersfeld]] * [[Lüerdissen]] * [[Luhden]] * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lunne]]<ref name="Lunne">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/haseluenne/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''civibus opidi nostri in Lunne'' (...)". Latinum autem gentilicium "Haselunnensis-e" est. Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haselünne''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lunni (commune generali Spella)|Lunni]]<ref name="Lunni">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/AltdeutschesNamenbuch-Bd2OrtsnamenLbisZ-3A-1913.pdf?utm ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch'']; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Lunni.''' 9. 1) Altlünne bei Plantlünne (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lütetsburg]] * ''[[Lutter am Barenberge]]'' * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasen]] * [[Magna Palus]]<ref name="Magna Palus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum toponymicum praefixum ''Große-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um"] et [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/germanistischewoerterbuecher/altsaechsischeswoerterbuch/asF.pdf Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großefehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootfehn'')</small> * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Marienhafe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Marienhagen]] * [[Mariental (Niedersachsen)|Mariental]] * [[Marklohe]] * [[Marl (Dümmer)|Marl]] * [[Marschacht]] * [[Martfeld]] * [[Marxen]] * [[Mechtersen]] * [[Meckelsa Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Meckels'')</small> * [[Meerbeck]] * [[Meine]] * [[Meinersen]] * [[Melbeck]] * [[Melle]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Mellinghausen]] * [[Menslage]] * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merzen]] * [[Messenkamp]] * [[Messingen]] * [[Midlum (Land Wursten)|Midlum]] * [[Misselwarden]] * [[Mittelnkirchen]] * [[Mittelstenahe]] * [[Moisburg]] * [[Molbergen]] * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Moormerland]] * [[Moorweg]] * [[Moringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Müden (Alara)]] * [[Mulsum (Land Wursten)|Mulsum]] * [[Mundia Hannoverana]]<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana">Vide [https://spatial.demo.geocode.earth/explore/place/wof/101810167?utm ''Geocode Earth''], ubi dicitur "(...) LAT preferred '''Mundia Hannoverana''' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hann. Münden'' seu ''Hannoversch Münden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannöversch Münnen'')</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Munster (Örtze)|Munster]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorf]] * [[Natendorf]] * [[Neetze]] * [[Negenborn]] * [[Nenndorf (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorf]] * [[Neubörger]] * [[Neu Darchau]] * [[Neuenhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenhaus''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenhuus'')</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Altes Land)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Altes Land)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (bei Bassum)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(b.Bassum)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Land Hadeln)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Landkreis Osnabrück)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lkr.Osnabrück)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Lüneburger Heide)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lüneb.Heide)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] * [[Neuharlingersiel]] * [[Neuhaus (Oste)]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Neuhof (Landkreis Hildesheim)|Neuhof]] * [[Neukamperfehn]] * [[Neulehe]] * [[Neuschoo]] * [[Neustadt am Rübenberge]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] * [[Niederlangen]] * [[Niedernwöhren]] * [[Niemetal]] * [[Nienhagen (Landkreis Celle)|Nienhagen]] * [[Nienstädt]] * [[Norden]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordenham]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Norderney]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordholz]] * [[Nordleda]] * [[Nordsehl]] * [[Nordstemmen]] * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] * [[Nortrup]] * [[Nottensdorf]] * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oesinga Maior]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Oesingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Oesingen'')</small> * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Palus Hagensis]]<ref name="Palus Hagensis">[https://www.latin-is-simple.com/de/vocabulary/noun/13172/#google_vignette Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-marsch'' Latino vocabulo "palus paludis" vertitur] et Latinum gentilicium "Hagensis-e", quod ad [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hagam]] refertur, Theodiscum gentilicium praefixum ''Hager-'' vertitur. Quo de gentilicio et toponymo, vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hagermarsch'')</small> * [[Palus Hilcae]]<ref name="Hilkenbrook">Theodiscum toponymum ''Hilkenbrook'', quamquam hodiernum est, syntagmate ''Palus Hilcae'' Latine verti potest. Nomen Germanicum ''Hilcke'', variatio nominis Theodisci ''Hilken-'', apud Stark ad formam Latinam "Hilca-ae" refertur, quae saeculo XII testata est (''Monumenta Garsensia'', n. 37; ''Monumenta Boica'' I, 27): Stark, F. (1866), ''Die Kosenamen der Germanen'', p. 318. Brook, i. e. bruoh «Sumpf, sumpfiges Gelände», Latine "palus, paludis" reddi potest. Itaque, anthroponomycum praefixum ''Hilken-'' ad nomen ''Hilca'' relatum et suffixum ''brook'' per vocabulum "palus, paludis" redditum, ''Hilkenbrook'' interpretari licet "Palus Hilcae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilkenbrook'')</small> * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] * [[Rohrsen]] * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schola Dei]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ihlow''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ihl'')</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spella]]<ref name="Spella">Vide [https://www.emsland.com/la/tour/emsland-route-395-km?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.esland.com''], ubi dicitur "(...) A Spella ad Rhenum: circiter XVI km (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Spelle'')</small> * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twilpstede Maius]]<ref name="Twilpstede Maius">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori'' (...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori et Minori'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Twülpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Twülpstidde'')</small> * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vicus Vetus Hassicus]]<ref name="Vicus Vetus Hassicus">Vide [https://www.fallingrain.com/world/GM/06/Hessisch_Oldendorf.html?utm ''www.fallingrain''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Other (Latin) names: Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Hessisch-Oldendorf,Hessisch-Oldendorf''' (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hessisch Oldendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eolendörpe'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] * [[Warpe]] * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worde]]<ref name="Worde">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/grossenwoerden/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Hinricus rector ecclesie in Worde'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Großenwörden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootweurn'')</small> * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Y === {{div col|3}} * [[Ylsede]]<ref name="Ylsede">Vide [https://kleinilsede.hier-im-netz.de/historis.htm ''Historisches über Klein Ilsede''], ubi dicitur "(...) minori ylsede (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ilsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ilse'')</small> * [[Yppenerdhe]]<ref name="Yppenerdhe">Vide [https://www.gross-ippener.de/gemeinde/geschichte.html?utm ''Groß Ippene''], ubi dicitur "(...) Parrochia Yppenerdhe (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Ippener''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Ippner'')</small> * [[Ysinibutle]]<ref name="Ysinibutle">Vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=5905372&utm ''Arcinsys''], ubi dicitur "(...) Isenbüttel, Kr. Gifhorn (Ysinibutle, Ysenebutle) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Isenbüttel'')</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] 13kyvyieedpxlvp61aui5fkgo21vn51 3986276 3986237 2026-09-06T23:23:20Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986276 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communia et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auriacum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auriacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Bersinium]]<ref name="Kaemling 1987">Kaemling, ''Atlas zur Geschichte Niedersachsens'' (1987).</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Berßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groten Bässen'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bücken''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Calba (Saxonia Inferior)|Calba]]<ref name="Kalbe">Theodiscum toponymum ''Kalbe'' seu ''Calbe'' forma "Calba" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Calba ad Salam|Calbam ad Salam]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kalbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kalf'')</small> * [[Calefelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Calefeldensis">"C" pro "K" ponitur propter orthographiam gentilicii "Calefeldensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Abhandlungen_zur_geologischen_Specialkarte_von_Preussen_und_den_Th%C3%BCringischen_Staaten_%28IA_abhandlungenzurg8589preu%29.pdf?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=index&utm_content=original ''Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thüringischen Staaten''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Calefeldensis'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kalefeld'')</small> * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Coeli Porta]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himmelpforten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himmelpoorten'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Curia Maiorica]]<ref name="Curia Maiorica">Manfred Niemeyer (Hrsg.): ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter, Berolini 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7, S. 298.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jork''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jörk'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-thal''' : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Diddersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklaga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dithgherscope-Twielenflethum]]<ref name="Hollern">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hollern-twielenfleth/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi dicitur "(...) ''Luderus in Dithgherscope'' (...)".</ref><ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollern-Twielenfleth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullern-Twielenfleth'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Draga (Albis)|Draga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentweda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf'' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Hildesiensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-e"/> </small>(in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]]<ref name="Circulus Hildesiensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Hildesiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Hildesheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Hildesiensis-e" ad [[Hildesia]]m refertur. Hac de urbe, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Circulo Holtisminnensi]]<ref name="Circulus Holtisminnensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eimka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elba (Saxonia Inferior)|Elba]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Ericetum Magnum]]<ref name="Ericetum">[https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=MeckWB&lemid=H01756 Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-heide'' Latino nomine "Ericetum-i" vertitur.]</ref><ref name="Magnus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Groß-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um" vertitur.]</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootheid'')</small> * [[Escheda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Frideburgum]]<ref name="Frideburgum">Vide [https://www.heimatbund-finnentrop.de/index_htm_files/Staats-%20u.%20Reisegeogr.%205.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Beschreibung derer merkwürdigsten Oerter''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Frideburg, Friedeburg, lat. Frideburgum'''. Liegt im Fürstenthum Ostfriesland, an den Grenzen der Grafschaft Oldenburg (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Friedeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freborg'' seu ''Freebörg'')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedlandia]]<ref name="Friedland">Theodiscum toponymum ''Friedland' in Latinam "Friedlandia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friedland'')</small> * [[Frisoyta]]<ref name="Frisoyta">Vide [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363707446_Der_Status_animarum_im_Hochstift_Munster_und_die_Alphabetisierung_im_landlichen_Raum_eines_geistlichen_Furstentums_im_17_und_18_Jahrhundert ''Der Status animarum im Hochstift Münster und die Alphabetisierung im ländlichen Raum eines geistlichen Fürstentums im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert''], ubi dicitur "(...) Specificatio catholic[orum] et acatholicorum in Frisoyta (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friesoythe''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ait''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aithe'')</small> * [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'')</small> * [[Furstenberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fürstenberg'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesea]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ganderkesee''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gannerseer'')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gandesbergen'')</small> * [[Garbsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garbsen'')</small> * [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garrel'')</small> * [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'')</small> * [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'')</small> * [[Geesta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Geeste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Choeiste'')</small> * [[Geestlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Geestland'')</small> * [[Gehrda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde'')</small> * [[Gemmegum]]<ref name="Gemmegum">Vide ''Giminghem - der alte Name von Jemgum'' Gerhardi Kronsweide; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Mittelalterliche urkundliche und einige neuzeitliche Nennungen von Jemgum''' (...) Gemmegum (Urkunde in lateinisch) (...) Gommegum (lat.) (...) Gemghum (lat.) (...) Gemmyngum (lat.) (...) Jemgum (Ubbo Emmius, lat.) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jemgum'')</small> * [[Georgsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Georgsdorf'')</small> * [[Gerdavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gerdau'')</small> * [[Gerdinum]]<ref name="Gerdinium">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/gehrden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der spätere Flecken möglicherweis erstmals als ''Gerdinum'' im Verzeichnis der Schenkungen (''Traditionen'') an das Kloster Corvey erwähnt, das um 826/76 angelegt wurde (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gieren'')</small> * [[Gersta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gersten'')</small> * [[Geteloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'')</small> * [[Gevensleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gevensleben'')</small> * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'')</small> * [[Giesa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Giesen'')</small> * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gilten'')</small> * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'')</small> * [[Gleicha]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gleichen'')</small> * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'')</small> * [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'')</small> * [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'')</small> * [[Goldenstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Goldenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gollnste'')</small> * [[Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'')</small> * [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'')</small> * [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'')</small> * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-horst'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-horstium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-horst''' : -''horstium'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grafhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grafhorst'')</small> * [[Grasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grasbarg'')</small> * [[Grasleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasleben''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graslewe'')</small> * [[Grethemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grethem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graitn'')</small> * [[Grona (Leina)|Grona]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gronau'')</small> * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grunendicum]]<ref name="-dicum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-diek'' aut ''-deich'' aut ''-dijk'' aut ''-dyk'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dicum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Isendicum]] apud {{Graesse}}; aut [[Mardicum]] apud ''Dictionnaire universel françois et latin, vulgairement appelé Dictionnaire de Trévoux''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grünendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Greundiek'')</small> * [[Guderhandviertel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Guderhandviertel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gauderhandviddel'')</small> * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'')</small> * [[Gyhum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gyhum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jeem'')</small> {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hademstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hademstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hamstorp'')</small> * [[Haeslinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heeslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßel'')</small> * [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Haga]]<ref name="Haga">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „ Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hage''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Haag'')</small> * [[Haga ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Haga Bremensis]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref>Latinum gentilicium "Bremensis-e" Theodiscum syntagma ''im Bremischen'' vertit.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen im Bremischen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagen'')</small> * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hagenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagenborg'')</small> * [[Halbemontium]]<ref name="-montium">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-mond'' aut ''-mont'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-montium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-mond, mont''' : -''montium, mons'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halbemond'')</small> * [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(in Montibus [[Visurgis]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halla (Comitatus Binethensis)|Halla]]<ref name="Halla prope Neuenhusam">Theodiscum toponymum ''Halle'' plerumque toponymo "Halla-ae" latinizatur. Qua de latinizatione, vide complures Hallae apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(prope [[Neuenhusa]]m<ref name="-husa"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Halvesbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassbossel'')</small> * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hamberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambargen'')</small> * [[Hambuhra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambühren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambüren'')</small> * [[Hamele]]<ref name="Hamele">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2261/NOB%20VIII_Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Peine.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VIII Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Peine''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1146 ''in Sutherem iuxta Hamele'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 239 S. 222) 1180 ''in Bikem iuxta Honhamelen'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 396 S. 385) 1193 ''in Honhamele'' (UB H.Hild. II Nachtrag Nr. 13 S. 580) 1198 ''apud Honhamelen'' (...) 1251 ''Sutherem apud Hoenhamale'' (UB H.Hild. II Nr. 861 S. 435) 1278-1280 ''iugera Hamelen'' (Lehnregister Meinersen II Nr. 20 S. 590) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohenhameln''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häogenhameln'')</small> * [[Hamelhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hämelhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hämelhusen'')</small> * [[Hamersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hamersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Homersen'')</small> * [[Hamma (Saxonia Inferior)|Hamma]]<ref name="-ah">Germanica aut Semitica aut Indoiranica toponyma cum terminatione ''-ah'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Exempli gratiā: [[Calvela]], [[Maliana]], Parra, [[Widenla]], [[Zellia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hammah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hammoh'')</small> * [[Handeloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handeloh'' seu olim ''Handorf bei Tostedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Handorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Hantharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Handrup'')</small> * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Harburgensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanstää'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanster'')</small> * [[Hardegsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hardegsen'')</small> * [[Harmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harmsdörp'')</small> * [[Harna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haren'')</small> * [[Harpstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harpstäe'')</small> * [[Harsfeldum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harsefeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harsfeld'' seu ''Hasfeld'')</small> * [[Harsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Harsum'')</small> * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hasbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hasbergen'')</small> * [[Hasburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haßbergen'')</small> * [[Hasela (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasela]]<ref name="Hasela">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hassel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Dort ist die ''villa Hasela'' erwähnt, also das Dorf Hassel (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hassel'')</small> * [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'')</small> * [[Hassendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hassendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassendörp'')</small> * [[Hasta (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haste'')</small> * [[Hatta]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hatten'')</small> * [[Hattorpium ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hattorf am Harz'')</small> * [[Hauslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Häuslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüßel'')</small> * [[Haverla]]<ref name="Haverla">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) um 941 (Fä. Mitte 12. Jh., kop. 17. Jh.) ''Haverlae'' (...) 1319 ''Haverla'' (UB H Hild. IV 464 S. 247) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haverlah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haberlah'')</small> * [[Hechthusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hechthausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heckthusen'')</small> * [[Hedebere]]<ref name="Hedebere">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''Antiquum Hedebere seu Minus, Novum Hedebere seu Maius'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hedeper''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heper'')</small> * [[Heeda (Terra Emesensis)|Heeda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häie'')</small> * [[Heemsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsen'')</small> * [[Heessa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßen'')</small> * [[Heidenavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heidenau'')</small> * [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'')</small> * [[Heinbockel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinbockel'')</small> * [[Heiningensis Locus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heiningen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heinig'')</small> * [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'')</small> * [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'')</small> * [[Hellwega]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hellwege''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hellweeg'')</small> * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Helpsen'')</small> * [[Helvesiecca]]<ref name="-siek">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)". Hoc in casu, applicatur terminatio latinizans formae antiquae suffixi ''-siek'' -quae ''-sieck'', ut accidit in toponymis velut ''Bannensieck'', cuius hodierna forma ''Bannensiek'' est. Qua de ultima antiqua forma, vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=2955251 ''Arcinsys''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Helvesiek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helsch'')</small> * [[Hemminga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hemminga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemmingen'')</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemmoor'')</small> * [[Hemsbunda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsbünde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsbünnen'')</small> * [[Hemslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemslingen'')</small> * [[Hemsloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsloh''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hemzel'' seu ''Hemsel'' seu ''Hemßel'')</small> * [[Hepstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hepstedt''; [Saxonice]] ''Hepst'' seu ''Heps'')</small> * [[Hepstidi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hipstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hipst'')</small> * [[Herrum]]<ref name="Herrum">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Majori villa Herre'' (...) ''Maiori Here'' (...) ''Minori Herro'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heere'')</small> * [[Hertzberga ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Herzberg am Harz'')</small> * [[Herzlaka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Herzlake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hässelke'')</small> * [[Hespa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hespe'')</small> * [[Heuerssa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heuerßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoarßen'')</small> * [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen'')</small> * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilgermissen'')</small> * [[Hillersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hillerse'')</small> * [[Hilter ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hilter am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Himberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himbargen'')</small> * [[Hinuti]]<ref name="Hinuti">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3180/Hinte.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Dorf wurde im 10. Jahrhundert als „in Hinuti“ erstmals urkundlich erfasst (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hinte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hint'')</small> * [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci'')</small> * [[Hittberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hittbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hittbargen'')</small> * [[Hodenhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hodenhagen'')</small> * [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'')</small> * [[Hohna]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hohne'')</small> * [[Hohnhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hionhoste'')</small> * [[Hohnstorpium (Albis)|Hohnstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haunstörp'')</small> * [[Holdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Holdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hollrup'')</small> * [[Holdunesteti]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullnst'')</small> * [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'')</small> * [[Holla]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holle'')</small> * [[Hollnsethum]]<ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hollnseth'')</small> * [[Holsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holste'')</small> * [[Holtgaste]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtgast'')</small> * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'')</small> * [[Holza]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'')</small> * [[Honengesbuthele]]<ref name="Honengesbuthele">Vide [https://blog.slub-dresden.de/fileadmin/groups/slubsite/Blog/2015-KristinCasimir-VortragDresden.pdf?utm ''Ortsnamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe - Onomastik im europäischen Raum''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Honengesbvthele'' statt ''Honekesbutle'' (Casemir, -büttel S. 147) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hankensbüttel'')</small> * [[Hoogsteda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hoogstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoogstee'')</small> * [[Horda ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-e"/><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hörden am Harz'')</small> * [[Horneburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hornborg'')</small> * [[Horstadium (Saxonia Inferior)|Horstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Horß'')</small> * [[Hoya]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hoya''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Hoya/Weser''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''de Haaien'' seu ''Hejen'' seu ''Hajen'')</small> * [[Huda (Circulus terrae Diepholtia)|Huda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hüde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüde'')</small> * [[Hudha]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hude'')</small> * [[Hulseda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hülsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hülse'')</small> * [[Husum (prope Novam Urbem)|Husum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Husum'')</small> * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte'')</small> * [[Huvenni]]<ref name="Huvenni">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/suffixbildungen-in-alten-ortsnamen-akten-eines-internationalen-symposiums-in-uppsala-14-16-mai-2004-9185352578.html?utm ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala 14.-16. Mai 2004 9185352578''], ubi dicitur "(...) Hüven (Kr. Emsland), 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) in Huvenni (Möller 1998 S. 101, Udolph 2002a S. 238) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hüven'')</small> {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iatha (Saxonia Inferior)|Iatha]]<ref name="Iatha">Commune nomen e flumine cepit. Quo de flumine, vide [https://www.lateinlexikon.com/lexicon_latinum_hodiernum_parsgeographica.pdf?utm ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'' Petri Lucusaltiani], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Jade'', f ''Iatha, ae'', f [WPD: Jade (Fluss) (24.11.2019); a.1314: Jatha] (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jaad'')</small> * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ielmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jelmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jelmstörp'')</small> * [[Iembka]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jembke'')</small> * [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'')</small> * [[Ierichsum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jerxheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jerksen'')</small> * [[Iesteburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jesteburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jesborg'')</small> * [[Ihlienverda]]<ref name="-verda-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-worth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-verda-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-worth''' : -''verda'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ihlienworth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmworth'')</small> * [[Indago Comitis Hoyae]]<ref name="Indago Comitis Hoyae">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hoyerhagen/?utm ''kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''indago comitis Hoye'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hoyerhagen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Heierhagen'' seu ''Heyerhagen'')</small> * [[Insula Iuistensis]]<ref name="Iuistensis">De Latino gentilicio, cf. [[binomen|epithetum binominale]] [https://turbellaria.umaine.edu/turbellaria/turb3.php?action=6&code=598&valid=618&utm "juistensis"].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Juist'')</small> * [[Isernhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isernhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isernhogen'')</small> * [[Isterberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isterberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isterbarg'')</small> * [[Itterbecca]]<ref name="-ecca">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Itterbeck'')</small> * [[Iuniun]]<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''], ubi dicitur "(...) 960 Iuniun (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) Johan de June (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jühnde'')</small> {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp'')</small> * [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'')</small> * [[Katlenburgum-Lindavia]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Katlenburg-Lindau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Katelnborg-Lindau'')</small> * [[Kettenkamp]] * [[Kirchbrak]] * [[Kirchdorf (bei Sulingen)|Kirchdorf]] * [[Kirchgellersen]] * [[Kirchlinteln]] * [[Kirchseelte]] * [[Kirchtimke]] * [[Kirchwalsede]] * [[Kissenbrück]] * [[Klein Berßen]] * [[Klein Meckelsen]] * [[Kluse (Emsland)|Kluse]] * [[Kneitlingen]] * [[Kneta Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großenkneten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grotekneten'')</small> * [[Köhlen]] * [[Königsmoor]] * [[Kranenburg (Oste)|Kranenburg]] * [[Krebeck]] * [[Krummendeich]] * [[Krummhörn]] * [[Kührstedt]] * [[Küsten]] * [[Kutenholz]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laar]] * [[Laatzen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Lachendorf]] * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] * [[Lähden]] * [[Lahn (Hümmling)|Lahn]] * ''[[Lamspringe]]'' * [[Lamstedt]] * [[Landesbergen]] * [[Landolfshausen]] * [[Landwehr (Gemeinde)|Landwehr]] * [[Langelsheim]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * '''[[Langen (bei Bremerhaven)|Langen]]''' <small>(b.Bremerhaven)</small> * [[Langen (Emsland)|Langen]] <small>(Emsland)</small> * [[Langendorf (Elbe)|Langendorf]] * [[Langenhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Langeoog]] * [[Langlingen]] * [[Langwedel (Weser)|Langwedel]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lastrup]] * [[Lathen]] * [[Lauenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenbrück]] * [[Lauenförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenhagen]] * [[Leese]] * [[Leezdorf]] * [[Lehe (Emsland)|Lehe]] * [[Lehre (Niedersachsen)|Lehre]] * [[Lehrte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Leiferde]] * [[Lembruch]] * [[Lemförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lemgow]] * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengede]] * [[Lengenbostel]] * [[Lengerich (Emsland)|Lengerich]] * [[Lenne (Niedersachsen)|Lenne]] * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Liebenau (Niedersachsen)|Liebenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Liebenburg]] * [[Lilienthal]] * [[Lindern (Oldenburg)]] * [[Lindhorst]] * [[Lindwedel]] * [[Lingen (Ems)]] <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Linsburg]] * [[Lintig]] * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lohne (Oldenburg)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Löningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Lorup]] * [[Loxstedt]] * [[Lübberstedt]] * [[Lübbow]] * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] * [[Lüder (Lüneburger Heide)|Lüder]] * [[Lüdersburg]] * [[Lüdersfeld]] * [[Lüerdissen]] * [[Luhden]] * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lunne]]<ref name="Lunne">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/haseluenne/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''civibus opidi nostri in Lunne'' (...)". Latinum autem gentilicium "Haselunnensis-e" est. Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haselünne''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lunni (commune generali Spella)|Lunni]]<ref name="Lunni">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/AltdeutschesNamenbuch-Bd2OrtsnamenLbisZ-3A-1913.pdf?utm ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch'']; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Lunni.''' 9. 1) Altlünne bei Plantlünne (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lütetsburg]] * ''[[Lutter am Barenberge]]'' * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasen]] * [[Magna Palus]]<ref name="Magna Palus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum toponymicum praefixum ''Große-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um"] et [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/germanistischewoerterbuecher/altsaechsischeswoerterbuch/asF.pdf Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großefehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootfehn'')</small> * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Marienhafe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Marienhagen]] * [[Mariental (Niedersachsen)|Mariental]] * [[Marklohe]] * [[Marl (Dümmer)|Marl]] * [[Marschacht]] * [[Martfeld]] * [[Marxen]] * [[Mechtersen]] * [[Meckelsa Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Meckels'')</small> * [[Meerbeck]] * [[Meine]] * [[Meinersen]] * [[Melbeck]] * [[Melle]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Mellinghausen]] * [[Menslage]] * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merzen]] * [[Messenkamp]] * [[Messingen]] * [[Midlum (Land Wursten)|Midlum]] * [[Misselwarden]] * [[Mittelnkirchen]] * [[Mittelstenahe]] * [[Moisburg]] * [[Molbergen]] * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Moormerland]] * [[Moorweg]] * [[Moringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Müden (Alara)]] * [[Mulsum (Land Wursten)|Mulsum]] * [[Mundia Hannoverana]]<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana">Vide [https://spatial.demo.geocode.earth/explore/place/wof/101810167?utm ''Geocode Earth''], ubi dicitur "(...) LAT preferred '''Mundia Hannoverana''' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hann. Münden'' seu ''Hannoversch Münden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannöversch Münnen'')</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Munster (Örtze)|Munster]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorf]] * [[Natendorf]] * [[Neetze]] * [[Negenborn]] * [[Nenndorf (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorf]] * [[Neubörger]] * [[Neu Darchau]] * [[Neuenhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenhaus''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenhuus'')</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Altes Land)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Altes Land)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (bei Bassum)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(b.Bassum)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Land Hadeln)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Landkreis Osnabrück)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lkr.Osnabrück)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Lüneburger Heide)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lüneb.Heide)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] * [[Neuharlingersiel]] * [[Neuhaus (Oste)]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Neuhof (Landkreis Hildesheim)|Neuhof]] * [[Neukamperfehn]] * [[Neulehe]] * [[Neuschoo]] * [[Neustadt am Rübenberge]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] * [[Niederlangen]] * [[Niedernwöhren]] * [[Niemetal]] * [[Nienhagen (Landkreis Celle)|Nienhagen]] * [[Nienstädt]] * [[Norden]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordenham]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Norderney]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordholz]] * [[Nordleda]] * [[Nordsehl]] * [[Nordstemmen]] * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] * [[Nortrup]] * [[Nottensdorf]] * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oesinga Maior]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Oesingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Oesingen'')</small> * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Palus Hagensis]]<ref name="Palus Hagensis">[https://www.latin-is-simple.com/de/vocabulary/noun/13172/#google_vignette Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-marsch'' Latino vocabulo "palus paludis" vertitur] et Latinum gentilicium "Hagensis-e", quod ad [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hagam]] refertur, Theodiscum gentilicium praefixum ''Hager-'' vertitur. Quo de gentilicio et toponymo, vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hagermarsch'')</small> * [[Palus Hilcae]]<ref name="Hilkenbrook">Theodiscum toponymum ''Hilkenbrook'', quamquam hodiernum est, syntagmate ''Palus Hilcae'' Latine verti potest. Nomen Germanicum ''Hilcke'', variatio nominis Theodisci ''Hilken-'', apud Stark ad formam Latinam "Hilca-ae" refertur, quae saeculo XII testata est (''Monumenta Garsensia'', n. 37; ''Monumenta Boica'' I, 27): Stark, F. (1866), ''Die Kosenamen der Germanen'', p. 318. Brook, i. e. bruoh «Sumpf, sumpfiges Gelände», Latine "palus, paludis" reddi potest. Itaque, anthroponomycum praefixum ''Hilken-'' ad nomen ''Hilca'' relatum et suffixum ''brook'' per vocabulum "palus, paludis" redditum, ''Hilkenbrook'' interpretari licet "Palus Hilcae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilkenbrook'')</small> * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] * [[Rohrsen]] * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schola Dei]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ihlow''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ihl'')</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spella]]<ref name="Spella">Vide [https://www.emsland.com/la/tour/emsland-route-395-km?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.esland.com''], ubi dicitur "(...) A Spella ad Rhenum: circiter XVI km (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Spelle'')</small> * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twilpstede Maius]]<ref name="Twilpstede Maius">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori'' (...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori et Minori'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Twülpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Twülpstidde'')</small> * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vicus Vetus Hassicus]]<ref name="Vicus Vetus Hassicus">Vide [https://www.fallingrain.com/world/GM/06/Hessisch_Oldendorf.html?utm ''www.fallingrain''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Other (Latin) names: Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Hessisch-Oldendorf,Hessisch-Oldendorf''' (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hessisch Oldendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eolendörpe'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] * [[Warpe]] * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worde]]<ref name="Worde">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/grossenwoerden/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Hinricus rector ecclesie in Worde'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Großenwörden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootweurn'')</small> * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Y === {{div col|3}} * [[Ylsede]]<ref name="Ylsede">Vide [https://kleinilsede.hier-im-netz.de/historis.htm ''Historisches über Klein Ilsede''], ubi dicitur "(...) minori ylsede (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ilsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ilse'')</small> * [[Yppenerdhe]]<ref name="Yppenerdhe">Vide [https://www.gross-ippener.de/gemeinde/geschichte.html?utm ''Groß Ippene''], ubi dicitur "(...) Parrochia Yppenerdhe (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Ippener''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Ippner'')</small> * [[Ysinibutle]]<ref name="Ysinibutle">Vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=5905372&utm ''Arcinsys''], ubi dicitur "(...) Isenbüttel, Kr. Gifhorn (Ysinibutle, Ysenebutle) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Isenbüttel'')</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] 9p9vvxylxo8h5h7r31ey4jqwvb662lg Martins Ferry (Ohium) 0 223315 3986205 3148645 2026-09-06T16:56:26Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986205 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Martins Ferry''' est [[urbs]] in [[Belmont Comitatus|Belmont Comitatu]] [[Ohium|Ohii]] in [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]] secundum [[Ohium Flumen]] sita, maxima urbs in comitatu et pars [[area metropolita Wheeling|areae metropolitae statisticae]] [[Wheeling (Virginia Occidentalis)|Wheeling]] [[Virginia Occidentalis|Virginiae Occidentalis]]. Numerus civium per [[Census Civitatum Foederatarum 2010|censum anni 2010]] fuit 6915. Martins Ferry est prima colonia in [[Ohio]], saltem ante [[1779]] deducta.<!--PLUS IN EN:--> == Notabiles == * [[Iosephus DeNardo]], Pittsburgi [[meteorologia|meteorologus]] * [[Alexander Groza]], clipeus aureus in [[1948 Olympia Aestiva|Olympiis Aestivis 1948]] et lusor [[canistriludium|canistriludi]] * [[Ludovicus Groza]]<!--(AKA "The Toe")-->, [[Pro Football Hall of Fame]] pulsator<!--kicker--><!-- and offensive lineman with the Cleveland Browns and Ohio State Buckeyes--> * [[Gulielmus Dean Howells]], [[scriptor]] [[realismus litterarius|realisticus]] Americanus * [[Iacobus Wright (poeta)|Iacobus Wright]], [[scriptor]] et [[poeta]] qui [[Praemium Pulitzeranum]] abstulit et urbem insigniter descripsit in [[poema]]te "Autumn Begins in Martins Ferry, Ohio" {{NexInt}} * [[Martinsville (Ohium)]]<!-- *[[List of cities and towns along the Ohio River]]--> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200812154317/http://mfpl.org/ Martins Ferry Public Library,] www.mfpl.org * [http://www.goriders.com/ Martins Ferry Football and Sports,] www.goriders.com * [http://www.timesleaderonline.com ''The Times Leader,''] www.timesleaderonline.com * Wright, Iacobus. [http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/15590 "Autumn Begins in Martins Ferry, Ohio," poema,] www.poets.org <!-- [[Category:Cities in Belmont County, Ohio]] [[Category:Wheeling, West Virginia metropolitan area]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1779]] [[Category:Ohio populated places on the Ohio River]]--> [[Categoria:Urbes Ohii]] hen9ni5sh2nmjakfwohoc1u293t6mbq Tactus 0 226004 3986203 3985993 2026-09-06T16:52:02Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3986203 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:(Toulouse) Le toucher (La Dame à la licorne) - Musée de Cluny Paris.jpg|thumb|Exemplar e serie tapetum dominae cum [[Unicornis|unicorne]]. [[Lutetia]]e, in Museo nationali aevi medii.]] [[Fasciculus:Blausen 0805 Skin MerkelCell.png|thumb|Exemplum receptorii tactus. Disci tactiles ''Merkel'' in cute absconditi.]] {{res|Tactus}} ({{pns|ūs|m|tactus}}) est [[sensus (biologia)|sensus]], accuratius facultas somatosensoria, quem [[systema sensorium]] [[cutis]] invisibile parit. Tactus [[manus]] [[scriptura Braille|scripturam Braille]] et [[quadrum tactile]] communicare potest. In [[corpus humanum|corporis humani]] cute ad singulas qualitates contactuum percipiendas varia receptoria respondent. == Receptoria tactus == [[Fasciculus:Gray936.png|thumb|Corpusculum tactus Meissnerianum.]] * [[Corpusculum Pacinianum]] (corpusculum lamellosum) * [[Corpusculum bulboideum]] (sec. [[Gulielmus Krause|Gulielmum Krause]]) * [[Cellula Merkeliana]] * [[Corpusculum Ruffinianum|Corpusculum sensorium fusiforme]] Ruffinianum * [[Corpusculum Meissnerianum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Cauna N., Ross L. L. |title=The fine structure of Meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers |journal=The journal of biophysical and biochemical cytology |year=[[1960]] |volume=8 |issue= |pages=467–82 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13691669}}</ref> (corpusculum tactus) == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Victoria E. Abrairal, David D. Ginty. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313007101 The Sensory Neurons of Touch]", ''Neuron'', 2013: 618-639 *Ian Sarian Smith, "[https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.001103 Touch in Primates]", ''Annual Review of Psychology'', 1982: 155-194 *Matthew J. Hertenstein & Sandra J. Weiss (curatores). ''The handbook of touch : neuroscience, behavioral, and health perspectives'', Springer, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=futOTes5spcC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263530628_The_handbook_of_touch_Neuroscience_behavioral_and_health_perspectives Recensio critica] *Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S098770531930022X Implications des différents types de fibres nerveuses dans la sensibilité cutanée mécanique et thermique et conséquences sur la douleur neuropathique périphérique]", ''Neurophysiologie Clinique'', 2019: 257 {{NexInt}} * [[Pressio]] * [[Somatopsyche]] {{Biologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Neurologia]] [[Categoria:Tactus| ]] 54ojxprpl0gervwgcp1wol7kbkd2u7n 3986204 3986203 2026-09-06T16:56:05Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3986204 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:(Toulouse) Le toucher (La Dame à la licorne) - Musée de Cluny Paris.jpg|thumb|Exemplar e serie tapetum dominae cum [[Unicornis|unicorne]]. [[Lutetia]]e, in Museo nationali aevi medii.]] [[Fasciculus:Blausen 0805 Skin MerkelCell.png|thumb|Exemplum receptorii tactus. Disci tactiles ''Merkel'' in cute absconditi.]] {{res|Tactus}} ({{pns|ūs|m|tactus}}) est [[sensus (biologia)|sensus]], accuratius facultas somatosensoria, quem [[systema sensorium]] [[cutis]] invisibile parit. Tactus [[manus]] [[scriptura Braille|scripturam Braille]] et [[quadrum tactile]] communicare potest. In [[corpus humanum|corporis humani]] cute ad singulas qualitates contactuum percipiendas varia receptoria respondent. == Receptoria tactus == [[Fasciculus:Gray936.png|thumb|Corpusculum tactus Meissnerianum.]] * [[Corpusculum Pacinianum]] (corpusculum lamellosum) * [[Corpusculum bulboideum]] (sec. [[Gulielmus Krause|Gulielmum Krause]]) * [[Cellula Merkeliana]] * [[Corpusculum Ruffinianum|Corpusculum sensorium fusiforme]] Ruffinianum * [[Corpusculum Meissnerianum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Cauna N., Ross L. L. |title=The fine structure of Meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers |journal=The journal of biophysical and biochemical cytology |year=[[1960]] |volume=8 |issue= |pages=467–82 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13691669}}</ref> (corpusculum tactus) == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Victoria E. Abrairal, David D. Ginty. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313007101 The Sensory Neurons of Touch]", ''Neuron'', 2013: 618-639 *Ian Darian Smith, "[https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.001103 Touch in Primates]", ''Annual Review of Psychology'', 1982: 155-194 **"[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/j.2040-4603.1984.tb00889.x?msockid=3c52cef0d54c6e1f074dd9ebd48f6f54 The Sense of Touch: Performance and Peripheral Neural Processes]", ''Comprehensive Physiology'', 1984: 739-788 *Matthew J. Hertenstein & Sandra J. Weiss (curatores). ''The handbook of touch : neuroscience, behavioral, and health perspectives'', Springer, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=futOTes5spcC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263530628_The_handbook_of_touch_Neuroscience_behavioral_and_health_perspectives Recensio critica] *Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S098770531930022X Implications des différents types de fibres nerveuses dans la sensibilité cutanée mécanique et thermique et conséquences sur la douleur neuropathique périphérique]", ''Neurophysiologie Clinique'', 2019: 257 {{NexInt}} * [[Pressio]] * [[Somatopsyche]] {{Biologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Neurologia]] [[Categoria:Tactus| ]] 2pb9dler9qzxr087ait8dc4imyg5cco 3986207 3986204 2026-09-06T16:59:29Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3986207 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:(Toulouse) Le toucher (La Dame à la licorne) - Musée de Cluny Paris.jpg|thumb|Exemplar e serie tapetum dominae cum [[Unicornis|unicorne]]. [[Lutetia]]e, in Museo nationali aevi medii.]] [[Fasciculus:Blausen 0805 Skin MerkelCell.png|thumb|Exemplum receptorii tactus. Disci tactiles ''Merkel'' in cute absconditi.]] {{res|Tactus}} ({{pns|ūs|m|tactus}}) est [[sensus (biologia)|sensus]], accuratius facultas somatosensoria, quem [[systema sensorium]] [[cutis]] invisibile parit. Tactus [[manus]] [[scriptura Braille|scripturam Braille]] et [[quadrum tactile]] communicare potest. In [[corpus humanum|corporis humani]] cute ad singulas qualitates contactuum percipiendas varia receptoria respondent. == Receptoria tactus == [[Fasciculus:Gray936.png|thumb|Corpusculum tactus Meissnerianum.]] * [[Corpusculum Pacinianum]] (corpusculum lamellosum) * [[Corpusculum bulboideum]] (sec. [[Gulielmus Krause|Gulielmum Krause]]) * [[Cellula Merkeliana]] * [[Corpusculum Ruffinianum|Corpusculum sensorium fusiforme]] Ruffinianum * [[Corpusculum Meissnerianum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Cauna N., Ross L. L. |title=The fine structure of Meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers |journal=The journal of biophysical and biochemical cytology |year=[[1960]] |volume=8 |issue= |pages=467–82 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13691669}}</ref> (corpusculum tactus) == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Victoria E. Abrairal, David D. Ginty. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313007101 The Sensory Neurons of Touch]", ''Neuron'', 2013: 618-639 *Ian Darian Smith, "[https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.001103 Touch in Primates]", ''Annual Review of Psychology'', 1982: 155-194 **"[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/j.2040-4603.1984.tb00889.x?msockid=3c52cef0d54c6e1f074dd9ebd48f6f54 The Sense of Touch: Performance and Peripheral Neural Processes]", ''Comprehensive Physiology'', 1984: 739-788 *Matthew J. Hertenstein & Sandra J. Weiss (curatores). ''The handbook of touch : neuroscience, behavioral, and health perspectives'', Springer, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=futOTes5spcC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263530628_The_handbook_of_touch_Neuroscience_behavioral_and_health_perspectives Recensio critica] *Roland S. Johansson & J. Randall Flanagan. "[https://www.nature.com/articles/nrn2621 Coding and use of tactile signals from the fingertips in object manipulation tasks]", ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2009: 345–359 *Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S098770531930022X Implications des différents types de fibres nerveuses dans la sensibilité cutanée mécanique et thermique et conséquences sur la douleur neuropathique périphérique]", ''Neurophysiologie Clinique'', 2019: 257 {{NexInt}} * [[Pressio]] * [[Somatopsyche]] {{Biologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Neurologia]] [[Categoria:Tactus| ]] 9rdayvqpxwdqy0r9m1mk2e9qx2qzseh 3986208 3986207 2026-09-06T17:00:27Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3986208 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:(Toulouse) Le toucher (La Dame à la licorne) - Musée de Cluny Paris.jpg|thumb|Exemplar e serie tapetum dominae cum [[Unicornis|unicorne]]. [[Lutetia]]e, in Museo nationali aevi medii.]] [[Fasciculus:Blausen 0805 Skin MerkelCell.png|thumb|Exemplum receptorii tactus. Disci tactiles ''Merkel'' in cute absconditi.]] {{res|Tactus}} ({{pns|ūs|m|tactus}}) est [[sensus (biologia)|sensus]], accuratius facultas somatosensoria, quem [[systema sensorium]] [[cutis]] invisibile parit. Tactus [[manus]] [[scriptura Braille|scripturam Braille]] et [[quadrum tactile]] communicare potest. In [[corpus humanum|corporis humani]] cute ad singulas qualitates contactuum percipiendas varia receptoria respondent. == Receptoria tactus == [[Fasciculus:Gray936.png|thumb|Corpusculum tactus Meissnerianum.]] * [[Corpusculum Pacinianum]] (corpusculum lamellosum) * [[Corpusculum bulboideum]] (sec. [[Gulielmus Krause|Gulielmum Krause]]) * [[Cellula Merkeliana]] * [[Corpusculum Ruffinianum|Corpusculum sensorium fusiforme]] Ruffinianum * [[Corpusculum Meissnerianum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Cauna N., Ross L. L. |title=The fine structure of Meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers |journal=The journal of biophysical and biochemical cytology |year=[[1960]] |volume=8 |issue= |pages=467–82 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13691669}}</ref> (corpusculum tactus) == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Victoria E. Abrairal, David D. Ginty. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313007101 The Sensory Neurons of Touch]", ''Neuron'', 2013: 618-639 *Ian Darian Smith, "[https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.001103 Touch in Primates]", ''Annual Review of Psychology'', 1982: 155-194 **"[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/j.2040-4603.1984.tb00889.x?msockid=3c52cef0d54c6e1f074dd9ebd48f6f54 The Sense of Touch: Performance and Peripheral Neural Processes]", ''Comprehensive Physiology'', 1984: 739-788 *Matthew J. Hertenstein & Sandra J. Weiss (curatores). ''The handbook of touch : neuroscience, behavioral, and health perspectives'', Springer, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=futOTes5spcC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263530628_The_handbook_of_touch_Neuroscience_behavioral_and_health_perspectives Recensio critica] *Roland S. Johansson & J. Randall Flanagan. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24263317_Coding_and_use_of_tactile_signals_from_the_fingertips_in_object_manipulation_tasks Coding and use of tactile signals from the fingertips in object manipulation tasks]", ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2009: 345–359 *Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S098770531930022X Implications des différents types de fibres nerveuses dans la sensibilité cutanée mécanique et thermique et conséquences sur la douleur neuropathique périphérique]", ''Neurophysiologie Clinique'', 2019: 257 {{NexInt}} * [[Pressio]] * [[Somatopsyche]] {{Biologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Neurologia]] [[Categoria:Tactus| ]] sxstaxctjja8q7myxi2g2hfir1g38xr 3986211 3986208 2026-09-06T17:05:24Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3986211 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:(Toulouse) Le toucher (La Dame à la licorne) - Musée de Cluny Paris.jpg|thumb|Exemplar e serie tapetum dominae cum [[Unicornis|unicorne]]. [[Lutetia]]e, in Museo nationali aevi medii.]] [[Fasciculus:Blausen 0805 Skin MerkelCell.png|thumb|Exemplum receptorii tactus. Disci tactiles ''Merkel'' in cute absconditi.]] {{res|Tactus}} ({{pns|ūs|m|tactus}}) est [[sensus (biologia)|sensus]], accuratius facultas somatosensoria, quem [[systema sensorium]] [[cutis]] invisibile parit. Tactus [[manus]] [[scriptura Braille|scripturam Braille]] et [[quadrum tactile]] communicare potest. In [[corpus humanum|corporis humani]] cute ad singulas qualitates contactuum percipiendas varia receptoria respondent. == Receptoria tactus == [[Fasciculus:Gray936.png|thumb|Corpusculum tactus Meissnerianum.]] * [[Corpusculum Pacinianum]] (corpusculum lamellosum) * [[Corpusculum bulboideum]] (sec. [[Gulielmus Krause|Gulielmum Krause]]) * [[Cellula Merkeliana]] * [[Corpusculum Ruffinianum|Corpusculum sensorium fusiforme]] Ruffinianum * [[Corpusculum Meissnerianum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Cauna N., Ross L. L. |title=The fine structure of Meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers |journal=The journal of biophysical and biochemical cytology |year=[[1960]] |volume=8 |issue= |pages=467–82 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13691669}}</ref> (corpusculum tactus) == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Victoria E. Abrairal, David D. Ginty. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313007101 The Sensory Neurons of Touch]", ''Neuron'', 2013: 618-639 *Ian Darian Smith, "[https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.001103 Touch in Primates]", ''Annual Review of Psychology'', 1982: 155-194 **"[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/j.2040-4603.1984.tb00889.x?msockid=3c52cef0d54c6e1f074dd9ebd48f6f54 The Sense of Touch: Performance and Peripheral Neural Processes]", ''Comprehensive Physiology'', 1984: 739-788 *Matthew J. Hertenstein & Sandra J. Weiss (curatores). ''The handbook of touch : neuroscience, behavioral, and health perspectives'', Springer, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=futOTes5spcC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263530628_The_handbook_of_touch_Neuroscience_behavioral_and_health_perspectives Recensio critica] *Roland S. Johansson & J. Randall Flanagan. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24263317_Coding_and_use_of_tactile_signals_from_the_fingertips_in_object_manipulation_tasks Coding and use of tactile signals from the fingertips in object manipulation tasks]", ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2009: 345–359 *Roland S. Johansson, Åke B. Vallbo. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0166223683900115 Tactile sensory coding in the glabrous skin of the human hand]", ''Trends in Neurosciences'', 1983: 27-32 *Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S098770531930022X Implications des différents types de fibres nerveuses dans la sensibilité cutanée mécanique et thermique et conséquences sur la douleur neuropathique périphérique]", ''Neurophysiologie Clinique'', 2019: 257 {{NexInt}} * [[Pressio]] * [[Somatopsyche]] {{Biologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Neurologia]] [[Categoria:Tactus| ]] dq4cnmqudkplf008abtns9zuav6qpv6 3986212 3986211 2026-09-06T17:06:36Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3986212 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:(Toulouse) Le toucher (La Dame à la licorne) - Musée de Cluny Paris.jpg|thumb|Exemplar e serie tapetum dominae cum [[Unicornis|unicorne]]. [[Lutetia]]e, in Museo nationali aevi medii.]] [[Fasciculus:Blausen 0805 Skin MerkelCell.png|thumb|Exemplum receptorii tactus. Disci tactiles ''Merkel'' in cute absconditi.]] {{res|Tactus}} ({{pns|ūs|m|tactus}}) est [[sensus (biologia)|sensus]], accuratius facultas somatosensoria, quem [[systema sensorium]] [[cutis]] invisibile parit. Tactus [[manus]] [[scriptura Braille|scripturam Braille]] et [[quadrum tactile]] communicare potest. In [[corpus humanum|corporis humani]] cute ad singulas qualitates contactuum percipiendas varia receptoria respondent. == Receptoria tactus == [[Fasciculus:Gray936.png|thumb|Corpusculum tactus Meissnerianum.]] * [[Corpusculum Pacinianum]] (corpusculum lamellosum) * [[Corpusculum bulboideum]] (sec. [[Gulielmus Krause|Gulielmum Krause]]) * [[Cellula Merkeliana]] * [[Corpusculum Ruffinianum|Corpusculum sensorium fusiforme]] Ruffinianum * [[Corpusculum Meissnerianum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Cauna N., Ross L. L. |title=The fine structure of Meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers |journal=The journal of biophysical and biochemical cytology |year=[[1960]] |volume=8 |issue= |pages=467–82 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13691669}}</ref> (corpusculum tactus) == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Victoria E. Abrairal, David D. Ginty. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313007101 The Sensory Neurons of Touch]", ''Neuron'', 2013: 618-639 *Ian Darian Smith, "[https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.001103 Touch in Primates]", ''Annual Review of Psychology'', 1982: 155-194 **"[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/j.2040-4603.1984.tb00889.x?msockid=3c52cef0d54c6e1f074dd9ebd48f6f54 The Sense of Touch: Performance and Peripheral Neural Processes]", ''Comprehensive Physiology'', 1984: 739-788 *Matthew J. Hertenstein & Sandra J. Weiss (curatores). ''The handbook of touch : neuroscience, behavioral, and health perspectives'', Springer, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=futOTes5spcC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263530628_The_handbook_of_touch_Neuroscience_behavioral_and_health_perspectives Recensio critica] *Roland S. Johansson & J. Randall Flanagan. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24263317_Coding_and_use_of_tactile_signals_from_the_fingertips_in_object_manipulation_tasks Coding and use of tactile signals from the fingertips in object manipulation tasks]", ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2009: 345–359 *Roland S. Johansson, Åke B. Vallbo. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222197699_Tactile_sensory_coding_in_the_glabrous_skin_of_human_hand Tactile sensory coding in the glabrous skin of the human hand]", ''Trends in Neurosciences'', 1983: 27-32 *Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S098770531930022X Implications des différents types de fibres nerveuses dans la sensibilité cutanée mécanique et thermique et conséquences sur la douleur neuropathique périphérique]", ''Neurophysiologie Clinique'', 2019: 257 {{NexInt}} * [[Pressio]] * [[Somatopsyche]] {{Biologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Neurologia]] [[Categoria:Tactus| ]] hopttjyv7rqae22yi53eguo0rs9g4ie 3986223 3986212 2026-09-06T19:25:00Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Receptoria tactus */ 3986223 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:(Toulouse) Le toucher (La Dame à la licorne) - Musée de Cluny Paris.jpg|thumb|Exemplar e serie tapetum dominae cum [[Unicornis|unicorne]]. [[Lutetia]]e, in Museo nationali aevi medii.]] [[Fasciculus:Blausen 0805 Skin MerkelCell.png|thumb|Exemplum receptorii tactus. Disci tactiles ''Merkel'' in cute absconditi.]] {{res|Tactus}} ({{pns|ūs|m|tactus}}) est [[sensus (biologia)|sensus]], accuratius facultas somatosensoria, quem [[systema sensorium]] [[cutis]] invisibile parit. Tactus [[manus]] [[scriptura Braille|scripturam Braille]] et [[quadrum tactile]] communicare potest. In [[corpus humanum|corporis humani]] cute ad singulas qualitates contactuum percipiendas varia receptoria respondent. == Receptoria tactus == Haec sunt praecipua cutis mechanoreceptoria quae informationem tactilem signis electricis transmittunt: [[Fasciculus:Gray936.png|thumb|Corpusculum tactus Meissnerianum.]] * [[Corpusculum Pacinianum]] (corpusculum lamellosum) * [[Corpusculum bulboideum]] (sec. [[Gulielmus Krause|Gulielmum Krause]]) * [[Cellula Merkeliana]] * [[Corpusculum Ruffinianum|Corpusculum sensorium fusiforme]] Ruffinianum * [[Corpusculum Meissnerianum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Cauna N., Ross L. L. |title=The fine structure of Meissner's touch corpuscles of human fingers |journal=The journal of biophysical and biochemical cytology |year=[[1960]] |volume=8 |issue= |pages=467–82 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13691669}}</ref> (corpusculum tactus) == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Victoria E. Abrairal, David D. Ginty. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627313007101 The Sensory Neurons of Touch]", ''Neuron'', 2013: 618-639 *Ian Darian Smith, "[https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.001103 Touch in Primates]", ''Annual Review of Psychology'', 1982: 155-194 **"[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/j.2040-4603.1984.tb00889.x?msockid=3c52cef0d54c6e1f074dd9ebd48f6f54 The Sense of Touch: Performance and Peripheral Neural Processes]", ''Comprehensive Physiology'', 1984: 739-788 *Matthew J. Hertenstein & Sandra J. Weiss (curatores). ''The handbook of touch : neuroscience, behavioral, and health perspectives'', Springer, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=futOTes5spcC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263530628_The_handbook_of_touch_Neuroscience_behavioral_and_health_perspectives Recensio critica] *Roland S. Johansson & J. Randall Flanagan. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24263317_Coding_and_use_of_tactile_signals_from_the_fingertips_in_object_manipulation_tasks Coding and use of tactile signals from the fingertips in object manipulation tasks]", ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2009: 345–359 *Roland S. Johansson, Åke B. Vallbo. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222197699_Tactile_sensory_coding_in_the_glabrous_skin_of_human_hand Tactile sensory coding in the glabrous skin of the human hand]", ''Trends in Neurosciences'', 1983: 27-32 *Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S098770531930022X Implications des différents types de fibres nerveuses dans la sensibilité cutanée mécanique et thermique et conséquences sur la douleur neuropathique périphérique]", ''Neurophysiologie Clinique'', 2019: 257 {{NexInt}} * [[Pressio]] * [[Somatopsyche]] {{Biologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Neurologia]] [[Categoria:Tactus| ]] ebbkjpn44e4n0zu6meutw1nzovys02n Percy Sledge 0 235192 3986312 2932960 2026-09-07T03:17:48Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986312 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Percy Sledge at the Alabama Music Hall of Fame Concert.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Percy Sledge anno 2010 cantans]] '''Percy Sledge''' (natus die [[25 Novembris]] [[1940]]<ref>"His family's statement said he would have been 75 in November": ''Chicago Tribune'' (vide bibliographiam)</ref> in [[Leighton]] [[Alabama]]e; mortuus die [[14 Aprilis]] [[2015]] in [[Rubribaculum |Rubribaculo]] [[Ludoviciana]]e) fuit [[cantor]] [[CFA|Americanus]]. == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> == Bibliographia == * [http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/chi-percy-sledge-dead-story.html Percy Sledge, who sang 'When a Man Loves a Woman,' dies]" in ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' (14 Aprilis 2015) * Adam Sweeting, "[http://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/apr/15/percy-sledge Percy Sledge obituary]" in ''[[The Guardian]]'' (15 Aprilis 2015) == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Percy Sledge}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120826222745/http://psledge.com/ Percy Sledge pagina interretialis] {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1941|2015|Sledge, Percy}} [[Categoria:Cantores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Incolae Alabamae]] 4v4xhm0grf5ss3vu5f2g9ctdesq002a Drestadium 0 236229 3986231 3985396 2026-09-06T19:45:35Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986231 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Drestadium'''<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]] est. Drestadium pars communis generalis [[Holdunesteti (commune generale)|Holdunestetorum]] est. == Historia == Drestadium pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]] fuit. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Ad usque annum [[1900]] cum vicis [[Kakenstorpium|Kakenstorpio]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp''), [[Trelda]]<ref name="H">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch: Archiv des Klosters Walsrode''. Capaun-Karlowa.</ref> (Theodisce ''Trelde''), Sprötzeque commune [[Quattuor Villae|Quattuor Villas]]<ref name="Quattuor Villae">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/vier?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum numerale praefixum ''Vier''- Latino numerali "quattuor"] et [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Dorf?wb=gross&nr=2 Theodiscum suffixum plurale ''-dörfer'' Latino vocabulo plurali "villae"] vertitur.</ref> (Theodisce ''Die Vierdörfer'') constituit. Drestadium ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[1972]] pars [[Holdunesteti (commune generale)|Holdunestetorum]] communis generalis est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Drestedt|Drestadium}} * [http://www.hollenstedt.de/gemeinden/drestedt/ www.hollenstedt.de/gemeinden/drestedt/] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1900]] 6yl8mgjir84lp50t7jcbp8vnngqa3ev Kakenstorpium 0 237948 3986155 3980430 2026-09-06T12:18:20Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Kakenstorf]] ad [[Kakenstorpium]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3980430 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Kakenstorf''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]]. Kakenstorf etiam pars communis generalis [[Tostedt (commune generale)|Tostedt]] est. Ad Kakenstorf commune vicus Bötersheim pertinet. == Historia == Kakenstorf anno [[1105]] nomine "''Cacamannesthorp''" in actis primo descriptum est. Ad annum [[1900]] cum [[Drestadium|Drestadio]], Trelde atque Sprötze vicis commune "''Vierdörfer''" (Lat. ''Quattuor vici'') fuerunt. Deinde Kakenstorf cum [[Drestadium|Drestadio]] ad commune Trelde pertinuit. Ager communis tum ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1920]] Kakenstorf commune proprium factum est. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[1972]] pars [[Tostedt (commune generale)|Tostedt]] communis generalis est. Eodem anno vicus Bötersheim cum Kakenstorf coniunctus est. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220324170851/http://www.kakenstorf.de/ www.kakenstorf.de] * [http://www.tostedt.de/buergerservice/samtgemeinde/mitgliedsgemeinden/kakenstorf/ Pagina communis generalis Tostedt de vico Kakenstorf] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1920]] b7tkyj5frl7gs2nzb62gmzjuqcuc1j5 3986163 3986155 2026-09-06T12:58:20Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Kakenstorpium'''<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]]. Kakenstorpium etiam pars communis generalis [[Tostedt (commune generale)|Tostedt]] est. Ad Kakenstorpium commune vici [[Kakenstorpium (caput communis)|Kakenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium"/> (Theodisce ''Kakenstorf''), [[In Nemore]]<ref name="In Nemore">[Theodisca praepositio ''auf'' Latina "in" cum ablativo] et Theodiscum vocabulum ''Horst'' Latino "nemus-oris" vertitur. Qua de interpretatione, vide [https://plattmakers.de/s/books/25525.pdf?utm ''Grammatik des meklenburgischen Dialektes älterer und neuerer Zeit''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''horst'' nemus (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Auf der Horst'') atque [[Botershemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Bötersheim'') et [[villa rustica]]<ref name="Villa rustica">Vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9781784911690_A35103811/preview-9781784911690_A35103811.pdf?utm ''Die römische Villa als Indikator provinzialer Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftsstrukturen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Als Synonym für die ''villa rustica'' können auch die modernen Bezeichnungen ''Gehöft'' (...)".</ref> [[Seggernhofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Gehöft Seggernhoff'') pertinent. == Historia == Kakenstorpium anno [[1105]] nomine "''Cacamannesthorp''" in actis primo descriptum est. Ad annum [[1900]] cum [[Drestadium|Drestadio]], Trelde atque Sprötze vicis commune "''Vierdörfer''" (Lat. ''Quattuor vici'') fuerunt. Deinde Kakenstorpium cum [[Drestadium|Drestadio]] ad commune [[Trelda]]m<ref name="H">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch: Archiv des Klosters Walsrode''. Capaun-Karlowa.</ref> (Theodisce ''Trelde'') pertinuit. Ager communis tum ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1920]] Kakenstorpium commune proprium factum est. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[1972]] pars [[Tostedt (commune generale)|Tostedt]] communis generalis est. Eodem anno vicus Bötersheim cum Kakenstorpio coniunctus est. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Kakenstorf|Kakenstorpium}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220324170851/http://www.kakenstorf.de/ www.kakenstorf.de] * [http://www.tostedt.de/buergerservice/samtgemeinde/mitgliedsgemeinden/kakenstorf/ Pagina communis generalis Tostedt de communi Kakenstorpio] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1920]] tfd6bdxvx07w01h5o1seqvuussyde5t 3986232 3986163 2026-09-06T19:48:38Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Kakenstorpium'''<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circuli Harburgensis]]. Kakenstorpium etiam pars communis generalis [[Tostedt (commune generale)|Tostedt]] est. Ad Kakenstorpium commune vici [[Kakenstorpium (caput communis)|Kakenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium"/> (Theodisce ''Kakenstorf''), [[In Nemore]]<ref name="In Nemore">[Theodisca praepositio ''auf'' Latina "in" cum ablativo] et Theodiscum vocabulum ''Horst'' Latino "nemus-oris" vertitur. Qua de interpretatione, vide [https://plattmakers.de/s/books/25525.pdf?utm ''Grammatik des meklenburgischen Dialektes älterer und neuerer Zeit''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''horst'' nemus (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Auf der Horst'') atque [[Botershemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Bötersheim'') et [[villa rustica]]<ref name="Villa rustica">Vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9781784911690_A35103811/preview-9781784911690_A35103811.pdf?utm ''Die römische Villa als Indikator provinzialer Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftsstrukturen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Als Synonym für die ''villa rustica'' können auch die modernen Bezeichnungen ''Gehöft'' (...)".</ref> [[Seggernhofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Gehöft Seggernhoff'') pertinent. == Historia == Kakenstorpium anno [[1105]] nomine "''Cacamannesthorp''" in actis primo descriptum est. Ad annum [[1900]] cum [[Drestadium|Drestadio]], [[Trelda]]<ref name="H"/> (Theodisce ''Trelde'') atque Sprötze vicis ad commune [[Quattuor Villae|Quattuor Villas]]<ref name="Quattuor Villae">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/vier?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum numerale praefixum ''Vier''- Latino numerali "quattuor"] et [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Dorf?wb=gross&nr=2 Theodiscum suffixum plurale ''-dörfer'' Latino vocabulo plurali "villae"] vertitur.</ref> (Theodisce ''Die Vierdörfer'') pertinuit. Deinde Kakenstorpium cum [[Drestadium|Drestadio]] ad commune [[Trelda]]m<ref name="H">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch: Archiv des Klosters Walsrode''. Capaun-Karlowa.</ref> (Theodisce ''Trelde'') pertinuit. Ager communis tum ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1920]] Kakenstorpium commune proprium factum est. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris et ab anno [[1972]] pars [[Tostedt (commune generale)|Tostedt]] communis generalis est. Eodem anno vicus Bötersheim cum Kakenstorpio coniunctus est. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Kakenstorf|Kakenstorpium}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220324170851/http://www.kakenstorf.de/ www.kakenstorf.de] * [http://www.tostedt.de/buergerservice/samtgemeinde/mitgliedsgemeinden/kakenstorf/ Pagina communis generalis Tostedt de communi Kakenstorpio] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1920]] rkcs10nnjf99jvuqltke9lokd0u9bb9 Insulae Frisicae Orientales 0 239123 3986159 3986126 2026-09-06T12:38:19Z IacobusAmor 1163 Plus quam stipula 3986159 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Insulae Frisicae Orientales''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Ostfriesische Inseln'') est grex triginta duarum [[insula]]rum in [[Mare Germanicum|Mari Germanico]], exacte in [[Mare Frisium|Mari Frisio]] situs. Omnes insulae, quae inter quinque et decem chilometra a [[litus|litore]] [[Frisia orientalis|Frisiae Orientalis]] distant, ad [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniam Inferiorem]] pertinent. == Insulae habitatae == [[Fasciculus:Ostfriesische-Inseln 2plus.jpg|thumb|upright=1.75|Insulae Frisicae Orientales a satellite visae:1, [[Borkna]]; 2, Kachelotplate; 3, Lütje Hörn; 4, Memmert; 5, [[Insula Iuistensis]]; 6,Norderney; 7, Baltrumum; 8, Langeoog; 9, Spiekeroog; 10, Wangerooge; 11, Minsener Oog; 12, Mellum.]] Septem insulae habitatae sunt, quae ab occidente ad orientalem nominantur: * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'') (commune Circuli Auriaci) * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'') (urbs [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]]) * [[Insula Iuistensis]]<ref name="Iuistensis">De Latino gentilicio, cf. [[binomen|epithetum binominale]] [https://turbellaria.umaine.edu/turbellaria/turb3.php?action=6&code=598&valid=618&utm "juistensis"].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Juist'') (commune [[Circulus Auriacum|Circuli Auriaci]]) * [[Norderney]] (commune Circuli Auriaci) * [[Langeoog]] (commune [[Circulus Widmundensis|Circuli Widmundensis]]) * [[Spiekeroog]] (commune Circuli Widmundensis) * [[Wangerooge]] (commune [[Circulus Frisicus|Circuli Frisici]]) == Insulae non habitatae == Alii minores non habitatae sunt, in iis est: * [[Memmert]], quae insula ad [[Aurich (circulus)|Circulum Aurich]] pertinet. * [[Lütje Hörn]], quae insula ad [[Circulus Lerensis|Circulum Lerensem]] pertinet. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.ostfriesische-inseln.de/ Situs interretialis insularum administrationum.] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] [[Categoria:Insulae Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Insulae Maris Germanici]] [[Categoria:Mare Germanicum]] [[Categoria:Saxonia Inferior]] 6j92y6zfsxmghdkuvgyt693yv488wvy Pratum Sancti Gervasii 0 246380 3986319 3748751 2026-09-07T06:35:37Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986319 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Marie_de_la_ville_du_Pr%C3%A9-Saint-Gervais_01.jpg |thumb|upright=0.8|left|[[Curia municipalis]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 93061.png|upright=0.8|thumb|Communis tabula]] '''Pratum Sancti Gervasii''' ([[Lingua Francogallica|Francogallice]] ''Le Pré-Saint-Gervais'') est [[urbs]] et [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 17&nbsp;342 incolarum<ref>Secundum [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6676182?geo=COM-93061 censum anno 2020 factum].</ref> [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sequana et Sanctus Dionysius|Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] in regione [[Insula Franciae (regio Franciae)|Insula Franciae]]. Pratum Sancti Gervasii minima commune praefecturae. == Toponymia == Primum pagi nomen erat ''Leudilinum Curtis'', a Germanicum ''Darin'' seu ''Daring.''<ref>Quomodo auctor Louis Graves nomina ''[[Delincourt]]'', ''Lincourt'' et ''[[Élincourt|Elincourt]]'' colligit in ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=VlYzi5Lu-1QC&hl=fr&pg=PA288#v=onepage&q=Elincourt&f=false Précis statistique sur le canton de Chaumont-Oise] (anno 1887) paginam 287'' De</ref> Locus in campo campus constituitur, unde nomen ''prati. Sanctus Gervasius,'' martyr Mediolanensis, cuius reliquiae ab [[Abbatia Sancti Dionysii|abbatia Sancti-Dionisii]] ad ecclesiam localem offeruntur.<ref>[https://www.villedupre.fr/ma-ville/histoire-de-la-ville/ Situs interretialis Prati proprius] </ref> === Alia nomina === ''Leudilinum Curtis'' (vulgo ''Leudelincourt'')<ref>Martin Bouquet, [https://www.google.fr/books/edition/Recueil_des_historiens_des_Gaules_et_de/vYhLAAAAcAAJ?hl=fr&gbpv=1&dq=Leudelincourt&pg=PR48&printsec=frontcover ''Rerum gallicarum et francicarum scriptores''',''''' tomus primus] ([[Pictavium|Pictavii]]: 807), xlvii.</ref> (anno 849)''; Pratum Sancti Gervasii''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230216090319/https://patrimoine.seinesaintdenis.fr/village-du-Pre-Saint-Gervais Situs interretialis praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii proprius]</ref> (anno 1217). ''Les Prés-le-Peletier'' (anno 1790); ''Le Pré Pelletier'' (anno 1793): ''Pré-Saint-Gervais'' (anno 1801); ''Le Pré-Saint-Gervais''.<ref>[http://cassini.ehess.fr/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=27988 Notitia municipalis Prati Sancti Gervasii].</ref> == Coniunctiones communium == * ''[[Giengen an der Brenz|<nowiki/>'Giengen an der Brenz]]'' in ''{{GermaniaVex}} ex anno 1970.''<ref>[https://www.villedupre.fr/mon-quotidien/annuaire/annuaire-des-associations/?q=comite-de-jumelage Situs interretialis Prati Sancti Gervisii proprius]</ref> == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii|Indicem communium praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Le Pré-Saint-Gervais|Pratum Sancti Gervasii}} * {{INSEE commune|93061|de=Le Pré-Saint-Gervais}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=27988 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] * [http://www.villedupre.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] l1iuezq93944ma32smmgqgqte2rmp6g Nucenum Magnum 0 246384 3986277 3792042 2026-09-06T23:52:42Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Town_Hall_of_Noisy-le-Grand%2C_France.jpg|left|thumb|[[Curia municipalis]]]] '''Nucenum Magnum'''<ref>[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noisy-le-Grand#Toponymie Vicipaeedia Francogallica]</ref> ([[Lingua Francogallica|Francogallice]] ''Noisy-le-Grand'') est [[urbs]] et [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 69&nbsp;352 incolarum<ref>Secundum [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6676182?geo=COM-93051 censum anno 2020 factum]</ref> [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sequana et Sanctus Dionysius|Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] in regione [[Insula Franciae (regio Franciae)|Insula Franciae]]. == Toponymia == Exspectandum est usque ad saeculum VI, ut eius mentio fiat in textu, per Gregorium episcopum Turonicum.. Narrat in sua Historia Francorum, qui necatus est anno 883, Clodoveum quendam, filium Chilperici I et Clodovei I pronepotem (primum Francorum regem Christianum).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230215050318/https://www.noisylegrand.fr/votre-mairie/bienvenue-a-noisy-le-grand/histoire-de-la-ville Situs interretialis urbis proprius]</ref> === Alia nomina === ''Nucetum'' (anno 583); ''Noisiacum'' (annis 1059-1060); ''Nociacum'' (annis 1089-1090); ''Noisiacens''i (anno 1090); ''Nucenum Magnum'' (anno 1096); ''Nuisiacum'' (annis 1096-1097); ''Nuseium'' (anno 1142); ''Villam Nuseium'' (anno 1119); ''Nusiacum'' (anno 1147); ''Noisiaco Magno'' (annis 1201-1202); ''Noisi Magno'' (anno 1207); ''Nusiacum Magnum'' (anno 1239); ''Noesciaco'' (anno 1262); ''Noysi (anno'' 1380).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230215050309/https://patrimoine.seinesaintdenis.fr/village-de-noisy-le-grand Situs interretialis praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii proprius]</ref> <ref name="Cocheris">Hippolyte Cocheris, ''[http://www.corpusetampois.com/cls-19-cocheris1874dictionnaire.html Anciens noms des communes de Seine-et-Oise]'', anno 1874</ref> == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii|Indicem communium praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Noisy-le-Grand|Nucenum Magnum}} * {{INSEE commune|93051|de=Noisy-le-Grand}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=25150 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140526232459/http://www.ville-noisylegrand.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] 8vq8735fzh7mhp3xleyh1fm4w0upts0 Nobiliacum ad Matronam 0 246385 3986272 3748485 2026-09-06T23:15:32Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986272 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Mairie_de_Neuilly-sur-Marne.jpg |left|thumb|250 px|[[Curia municipalis]]]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 93050.png|thumb|Communis tabula]] '''Nobiliacum ad Matronam''' ([[Lingua Francogallica|Francogallice]] ''Neuilly-sur-Marne'') est [[urbs]] et [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 36&nbsp;640 incolarum<ref>Secundum [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6676182?geo=COM-93050 censum anno 2020 factum]</ref> [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sequana et Sanctus Dionysius|Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] in regione [[Insula Franciae (regio Franciae)|Insula Franciae]]. == Toponymia == In primis mentio habitandi in Nobiliaco sito veluti villa, quae magnae possessionis terrae in beneficium domini abutitur. Carta donationis totius monasterii fossati Sancti Mauri. Primitivum nomen Nobiliacum ex recenti Latinorum vocabulo significat ''terram nuper purgatam''.<ref>[https://www.neuillysurmarne.fr/votre-ville/les-plus/histoire-de-la-ville/la-ville-jusqua-1900/ Situs interretialis urbis proprius] </ref> === Alia nomina === Varia nomina per saecula habuit, ''Nobiliacus'' (anno 998); ''Nuiliacus'' (anni 1078-1079); ''Nulliacum'' (anni 1169-1170) ;  ''Nobiliacum'' (anno 1195); ''Nuilli'' (saeculo XIII); ''Nuilliacum'' (anno 1235); ''Nulliacum'' (anno 1351);.''Nullyaco'' (anno 1352); ''Nully sur Marne'' (anno 1530) <ref name="Cocheris">Hippolyte Cocheris, ''[http://www.corpusetampois.com/cls-19-cocheris1874dictionnaire.html Anciens noms des communes de Seine-et-Oise]'', anno 1874</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230214161304/https://patrimoine.seinesaintdenis.fr/village-de-Neuilly Situs interrretialis Sequanae et Sanctii Dionysii proprius].</ref> == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii|Indicem communium praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Neuilly-sur-Marne|Nobiliacum ad Matronam}} * {{INSEE commune|93050|de=Neuilly-sur-Marne}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=24797 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] * [http://www.mairiedeneuillysurmarne.com/ Huius communis situs interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] kzrf8djd2nubww8887612f5lcjk0cyt Mons Firmolium 0 246388 3986229 3748406 2026-09-06T19:42:47Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986229 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Montfermeil_Eglise.jpg |thumb|upright=0.8|left|[[Ecclesia]] Sanctis [[Sanctus Petrus|Petro]] [[Sanctus Paulus|Pauloque]] dicata.]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 93047.png|thumb|Communis tabula.]] '''Mons Firmolium''' ([[Francogallice]] ''Montfermeil'') est [[urbs]] et [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 28&thinsp;141 incolarum<ref>Secundum [https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6676182?geo=COM-93047 censum anno 2020 factum].</ref> [[tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sequana et Sanctus Dionysius|Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] in regione [[Insula Franciae (regio Franciae)|Insula Franciae]]. == Toponymia == Montis Firmolii [[etymologia]] ex Latino ''monte firmaculo'' est. Varia nomina per saecula habuit, inter quae ''Montefirmo'' (anno 1122); ''Monfermolio'' (anno 1124); ''Mons Fermeolus'' et ''Monte Fermeolo'' (anno 1196); ''Monte Fermolio'' (saeculo XIII); ''Montfermoil'' et ''Mons fermoil'' (anno 1200); ''Montfermeil'' (anno 1209); ''Mons firmalis'' sive ''Mons Fermolii'' et ''Mons Firmolium'' (anno 1221); ''Mons Firmiolus'' (anno 1243 sive anno 1248<ref name="Cocheris">Hippolyte Cocheris, ''[http://www.corpusetampois.com/cls-19-cocheris1874dictionnaire.html Anciens noms des communes de Seine-et-Oise]'', anno 1874</ref>); ''Montfermel'' (anno 1315); ''Monte Firmali'' (saeculo XV).<ref name="Cocheris" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230214120042/https://patrimoine.seinesaintdenis.fr/village-de-Montfermeil Situs interrretialis Sequanae et Sanctii Dionysii proprius].</ref> == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii|Indicem communium praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Montfermeil|Montem Firmolium}} * {{INSEE commune|93047|de=Montfermeil}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=23406 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] * [http://www.ville-montfermeil.fr/ Huius communis situs interretialis] [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sequanae et Sancti Dionysii]] h6z5libjg7xsza8rmt5nzlimyyx2h0k Litterae Hispaniae 0 248747 3986170 3862716 2026-09-06T14:00:02Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986170 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Miguel de Cervantes (1605) El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quixote de la Mancha.png |thumb |''[[Dominus Quixotus a Manica]]'' [[Michael de Cervantes Saavedra|Michaelis de Cervantes]] opus typicum in canone litterarum Hispanicarum fundamentalisque [[litterae Occidentales|litterarum Occidentalium]] res classica habetur.]] '''Litterae Hispaniae''' plerumque sunt [[litterae]] ([[poesis]], [[prosa]], et [[drama (fictio)|drama]] [[Hispania|Hispanico]]) [[lingua Hispanica|Hispanice]] scriptae intra terras quae hodie [[civitas sui iuris|civitatem]] [[Hispania]]m constituit. Cuius evolutio congruit cum et saepe intersecat alias [[traditio]]nes litterarum ex [[regio]]nibus intra eandem terram, praecipue litteras [[litterae Cataloniae|Cataloniae]], [[litterae Galiciae|Galiciae]], et nuper [[litterae Vasconiae|Vasconiae]]. Primae litterae Hispanicae etiam cum litterariis [[paeninsula Iberica|paeninsulae Ibericae]] [[traditio]]nibus [[Latine|Latina]], [[Iudaei|Iudaica]], et [[litterae Arabicae|Arabica]] communicant. Praeterea, [[litterae Americae Latinae|litterae Americae Hispanicae]] est ramus litterarum Hispanicarum magni momenti, suas proprietates habens ex primis annis [[colonizatio Americae Hispanica|colonizationis Americae Hispanicae]] ortas. [[Fasciculus:Cantar de mio Cid f. 1r (rep).jpg|thumb|left|''[[Cantar de mio Cid]]'' est veterrimum ''[[cantar de gesta]]'' [[Hispanice|Hispanicum]] conservatum.]] [[Fasciculus:Celestina.jpg|thumb|upright|[[La Celestina]] [[Fernandus de Rojas|Fernandi de Rojas]].]] [[Respublica Romana|Romana]] [[paeninsula Iberica|paeninsulae Ibericae]] ex [[saeculum 3 a.C.n.|saeculo terio a.C.n.]] victoria et possessio [[cultura]]m Latinam ad terras Ibericas tulit. territories. Adventus invasorum [[Islam]]icorum anno [[711]] culturas [[Oriens|Orientis]] [[Oriens Medius|Medii]] et [[Asia Orientalis|Asiae Orientalis]] attulit. In [[litterae Hispanicae medii aevi|litteris Hispanicis medii aevi]], prima nota litterarum in [[linguae Romanicae|litteris Romanicis]] fundata exempla [[cultura]]s [[Islam]]icam, [[Iudaei]]cam, et [[Christianismus|Christianam]] miscent. Unum ex notissimis operibus est ''[[Cantar de mio Cid]],'' [[poesis epica|poema epicum]], anno [[1140]] scriptum. Prosa Hispanica populo magis magisque grata medio [[saeculum 13|saeculo tertio decimo]] facta est. [[Poesis]] lyrica [[aevum medium|medio aevo]] [[poema]]ta popularia et poesim aulicam nobilium comprehendit. [[Saeculum 15|Saeculo quinto decimo]], the pre-Renaissance occurred and literary production increased greatly. Aetate [[Renascentia]]e, res magni momenti in litteris fuerunt [[poesis]], [[litterae Christianae|litterae piae]], et [[oratio soluta]]. [[Barocus|Aetate Baroca]] [[saeculum 17|saeculi septimi decimi]], opera magni momenti fuerunt [[oratio soluta]] [[Franciscus de Quevedo|Francisci de Quevedo]], [[Balthasar Gracián|Balthasaris Gracián]], [[Petrus Calderonius de la Barca]] et [[Ioanna Agnes a Cruce]]. Notissimus autem [[auctor]] fuit [[Michael de Cervantes Saavedra]], qui ''[[Dominus Quixotus a Manica]]'' [[magnum opus|magno opere]] innotuit. [[Fasciculus:Francisco de Goya y Lucientes - Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos.jpg|thumb|upright|left|[[Caspar Melchior de Jovellanos]].]] [[Fasciculus:Retrato de hombre con la cruz de caballero de Alcántara.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Garcias Lasus de la Vega]].]] Inter opera notabilia [[Aevum Illuminationis|aevo Illuminationis]] [[saeculum 18|saeculi duodevicensimi]] fuerunt prosa [[Benedictus Hieronymus Feijoo|Fratris Beniti Hieronymi Feijoo]], [[Caspar Melchior de Jovellanos|Casparis Melchioris de Jovellanos]], et [[Iosephus Cadalso|Iosephi Cadalso]]; lyrici [[Ioannes Meléndez Valdés|Ioannis Meléndez Valdés]], [[Thomas de Iriarte]], et [[Felix Maria de Samaniego|Felicis Maria Samaniego]]; et [[theatrum]], cum [[Leander Fernández de Moratín|Leandro Fernández de Moratín]], [[Ramón de la Cruz]], et [[Vincentius García de la Huerta|Vincentio García de la Huerta]]. [[Motus Romanticus|Aevo Romantico]] ([[saeculum 19|saeculo undevicensimo]] inients) res magni momenit fuerunt poemata [[Iosephus de Espronceda|Iosephi de Espronceda]] et aliorum poetarum; oratio soluta; [[theatrum]], cum [[Angelus de Saavedra|Angelo de Saavedra]] (Duce Rivas), [[Iosephus Zorrilla|Iosepho Zorrilla]], et aliis [[auctor]]ibus. In [[Realismus (artes)|Realismo]] (saeculo undevicensimo exeunte), cum [[Naturalismus|Naturalismo]] mixto, res magni momenti fuerunt [[mythistoria]]e, praecipue [[Ioannes Valera|Ioannis Valera]], [[Iosephus Maria de Pereda|Iosephi Mariae de Pareda]], [[Benitus Pérez Galdós|Beniti Pérez Galdós]], [[Aemilia Pardo Bazán|Aemiliae Pardo Bazán]], [[Leopoldus Alas (Clarín)|Leopoldi Alas]], [[Armandus Palacio Valdés|Armandi Palacio Valdés]], et [[Vicentius Blasco Ibáñez|Vincentii Blasco Ibáñez]]; [[poesis]], cum [[Ramón de Campoamor]], [[Caspar Núñez de Arce|Caspare Núñez de Arce]], et aliis [[poeta|poetis]]; [[theatrum]], cum [[Iosephus Echegaray|Iosepho Echegaray]], [[Emanuel Tamayo y Baus|Emanuele Tamayo y Baus]], et aliis [[scriptor ludorum|scriptoribus ludorum]]; et [[iudicium litterarium|iudices litterarii]], praecipue [[Menéndez Pelayo]]. In [[Modernismus|Modernismo]] apparuerunt nonnulla flumina [[cogitatio]]nis litterariae: [[Parnasianismus]], [[Symbolismus]], [[Futurismus]], et [[Creationismus]]. Exitium classis Hispanicae in [[Cuba]] a [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]] anno [[1898]] discrimen in Hispania commovit. Grex scriptorum iuvenum, inter quos [[Michael de Unamuno]], [[Pius Baroja]], et [[Iosephus Martínez Ruiz]] (Azorín), formas et res contentas literarum mutaverunt. [[Fasciculus:Portrait of Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, by his brother Valeriano (1862).jpg|thumb|upright|200px|left|[[Gustavus Adolphus Bécquer]]]] [[Fasciculus:José de Espronceda (detalle).jpg|thumb|upright|200px|[[Iosephus de Espronceda]]]] [[Fasciculus:Rosalía Castro de Murguía por Luis Sellier.jpg|thumb|upright|200px|[[Rosalia de Castro]].]] [[Fasciculus:Perez galdos.jpg|upright|thumb|200px|[[Benedictus Pérez Galdós]].]] [[Fasciculus:LeopoldoAlasClarin.jpg|upright|thumb|200px|[[Leopoldus Alas]], "Clarín"]] [[Fasciculus:JRJimenez.JPG|thumb|upright|200px|[[Ioannes Ramón Jiménez]].]] Ante annum [[1914]]—cum [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum I]] conflaretur, et primum opus maior [[Iosephus Ortega y Gasset|Iosephi Ortega y Gasset]], principis aetatis [[vox|vocis]], publicaretur—multi [[scriptor]]es aliquantulum iuniores suos locos intra [[cultura]]m Hispanicam constituerant. Inter [[vox|voces]] notabilissimas erant [[Ioannes Ramón Jiménez]] [[poeta]]; [[Ramón Menéndez Pidal]], [[Gregorius Marañon]], [[Emmanuel Azaña]], [[Eugenius d'Ors]], et Ortega y Gasset, [[academia|academici]] et commentatores; et [[Gabriel Miró]], [[Ramón Pérez de Ayala]], et [[Ramón Gómez de la Serna]] [[scriptor mythistoriarum|scriptores mythistoriarum]]. Circa [[1920]], iunior scriptorum grex—plerumque poetae—opera publicare coeperunt quae ab initio artifices iuniores experimenta litteraria scriptorum annorum [[1898]] et [[1914]] libenter tenuisse monstraverunt. Poetae se arte cum [[academia]] nunc coniungebant. [[Beniaminus Jarnés]], [[Rosa Chacel]], [[Franciscus Ayala]], [[Ramón J. Sender]], et alii scriptores mythistoriarum aeque audaces et [[academia|academici]] erant. [[Bellum Civile Hispanicum]] [[scriptura]]m Hispanicam vastavit. Inter poetas et scriptores illius temporis, [[Fridericus García Lorca]] et [[Michael Hernández]] praesteterunt. Primos annos [[dictatura]]e (1939–1955), litterae [[Franciscus Franco|Francisci Franco]] reactionarium visum alterius [[aetas aurea|aetatis aureae]] Hispanicae sequebantur. Ante medios [[decennium 196|annos 1950]], praecipue in [[mythistoria|mythistoriis]], nova aetas, [[puer]]i bello civili gesto, incipiebat. [[Decennium 197|Annis 1960]] inientibus, [[auctor]]es Hispanici ad experimenta inquiete movebant. Franco anno [[1975]] mortuo, opus [[democratia]]e constituendae litteras Hispanicas magnopere movit. Proximos annos nonnullos, novi scriptores iuvenes, inter quos [[Ioannes Iosephus Millás]], [[Rosa Montero]], [[Xavier Marías]], [[Ludovicus Mathaeus Díez]], [[Iosephus Maria Merino]], [[Felix de Azúa]], [[Cristina Fernández Cubas]], [[Henricus Vila-Matas]], [[Carme Riera]], et deinde [[Antonius Muñoz Molina]] et [[Almudena Grandes]], locum in [[cultura]] Hispanica sibi constituere incipiebant. {{NexInt}} * [[Litterae Americae Latinae]] * [[Litterae Arabicae]]<!--literature of [[Al-Andalus|Islamic Spain]]--> *[[Litterae Asturianae]] * [[Litterae Cataloniae]] * [[Litterae Galiciae]] * [[Iosephus Maria Gironella]] * [[Litterae Philippinicae Hispanice scriptae]] * [[Praemium Cervantesianum]]<!--honoring the career of a Spanish-language writer, regardless of nationality--><!-- *[[List of Spanish-language authors]] *[[List of Spanish-language poets]]--> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Bibliographia == * Berenguer Carisomo, Arturo. [[1960]], [[1968]]. ''Historia de la literatura española.'' Bono Aere: Laserre.<!--ed. 1a ''Historia de la literatura española, cuarto año. Con antología. 1960--> * Bleznick. [[1971]]. ''Representative Spanish Authors.'' Vol. 2. Ed 3a. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-501433-2. * Bouterwek, Friedrich. [[2002]]. [http://books.google.es/books?id=QcD3MRK3iaMC&lpg=PP1&pg=PR9#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Historia de la literatura española.''] Matriti: Verbum. Ed. amplificata. ISBN 978-84-7962-215-2. * Brennan, Gerald. [[1953]]. ''The literature of the Spanish people.'' = [[1984]]. ''Historia de la literatura española.'' Barcinonae: Crítica. * Chabás, Juan. [[1953]], [[1962]]. ''Nueva y manual historia de la literatura de la literatura española.'' Havanae: Empresa Consolidada. * Díez Borque, José María, et José Simón Díaz, eds. [[1974]]. ''Historia de la literatura española.'' Matriti: Aldus. * Fitzmaurice-Kelly, James. [[1929]]. ''Historia abreviada de la literatura española.'' Santiago de Cuba: Archipiélago.<!--=''Spanish Literature: A primer'', Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1922--> * Gies, David T., ed. [[2008]]. ''The Cambridge History of Spanish Literature.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-80618-6. * Jones, Royston Oscar. [[1971]]. ''A Literary history of Spain.'' Londinii: Ernest Benn. * Jones, Royston Oscar, ed. [[1974]]. ''Historia de la literatura española.'' 6 vol. Barcinonae: Ariel. ISBN 978-84-344-8326-2. * López, José García. [[1948]], [[1978]].. ''Historia de la literatura española.'' Barcinonae: Vicens Vives. * Menéndez Pidal, Ramón. [[1949]], [[1971]]. ''Los españoles en la literatura.'' Matriti: Espasa Calpe. * Pattison, Walter, et Donald Bleznick. [[1971]]. ''Representative Spanish Authors: Volume I.'' Ed. 3a. ISBN 0-19-501326-3. * Rico, Francisco. [[1980]]. ''Historia y crítica de la literatura española.'' 9 vol. Barcinonae: Grijalbo. * Salinas, Pedro. [[1949]], [[1972]].. ''Literatura española del siglo XX.'' Matriti: Alianza Editorial. * Valbuena Prat, Ángel, et Gustavo Gili. [[1937]], [[1981]]. ''Historia de la literatura española.'' Barcinonae. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Literature of Spain|litteras Hispaniae}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091220034047/http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/ Michael de Cervantes,] www.cervantesvirtual.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220401161215/https://palabravirtual.com/ Poesis Americae Latinae,] www.palabravirtual (Palabra Virtual) * [http://www.onlinecollegecourses.com/2011/09/01/50-great-hispanic-novels-every-student-should-read/ "50 Great Hispanic Novels Every Student Should Read,"] www.onlinecollegecourses.com {{Myrias|Ars}} [[Categoria:Hispaniae scripta|!]] [[Categoria:Litterae Hispanicae|-]] ljh1z7w22s9vaari3bpff4b08hbmy1m Maia Parnas 0 251271 3986186 3744957 2026-09-06T15:39:10Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986186 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Maia Ioannis filia Parnas''' seu Russice Майя Ивановна Парнас ([[Tiraspolis|Tiraspoli]] in urbe nata die [[15 Maii]] [[1974]]) est oeconoma et politica [[Transnistria]]e. Maia Parnas alumna est [[Universitas Publica Transnistriana|universitatis Tyraspolitanae]]. Ibi iurisprudentiae studuit, deinde rebus oeconomicis apud annexum Tyraspolitanum Academiae Gestionis et Iuris Moscuensis. Ab anno [[2004]] in parlamento rei publicae Transnistriae atque brevi temporis spatio anno [[2012]] iuxta ipsum praesidem [[Eugenius Ševčuk|Eugenium Ševčuk]] operam dedit. A die [[29 Martii]] [[2012]] usque ad [[28 Novembris]] [[2013]] ministra ab oeconomia meruit, sed ab hoc die prima vicariarum iuxta primam ministram [[Tatiana Turanskaja|Tatianam Turanskaja]]. Cui ab [[13 Octobris]] [[2015]] usque ad [[30 Novembris]] [[2015|eiusdem anni]] ad interim in primum ministerium substituta est. Tatiana Turanskaja die [[2 Decembris]] [[2015]] ab officio a praeside demissa, eodem die Maia Parnas rursus ad interim promota est. Officio usque ad diem [[23 Decembris]] [[2015|eiusdem anni]] functa est, successore [[Paulus Prokudin|Paulo Prokudin]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131203004720/http://president.gospmr.ru/ru/news/glava-gosudarstva-prinyal-ryad-kadrovyh-resheniy De Maia Parnas in officium primae ministrae vicariae promota] apud praesidium Transnistrianam * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117025543/http://novostipmr.com/ru/news/15-10-13/ispolnyat-obyazannosti-predsedatelya-pravitelstva-pmr-budet-mayya De Maia Parnas in officium primae ministrae ad interim promota] {{DEFAULTSORT:Parnas, Maia}} [[Categoria:Nati 1974]] [[Categoria:Homines vivi]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Tyraspolitanae]] [[Categoria:Politici Moldaviae]] [[Categoria:Incolae Transnistriae]] [[Categoria:Gubernatores civitatum]] 9sxtwcs0el4dzizcj7bm1p27fxjmhjt Nemesis (Isaac Asimov) 0 256576 3986264 3836485 2026-09-06T22:19:52Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986264 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{titulus italicus}} '''''Nemesis''''' est [[mythistoria]] [[Scientia ficticia|scientiae fictitiae]] ab [[Isaac Asimov]] scripta et [[1989]] publicata. == Summarium == Cum [[Spatium (astronomia)|spatium]] ab hominibus occupari incipit, colonia spatialis Rotor nomine [[Tellus (planeta)|Telluris]] [[systema solare]] effugit ut se collocet prope aliam [[Stella|stellam]]: Nemesin. Mox eius novae arcae regentes animadvertant Nemesin recte ad Tellurem vehi, eamque deleturam esse. Cum Tellurem monere non possint, quomodo calamitas vitetur inquirunt. Solutio fortasse eveniet ab Erythro, insolito [[planeta]] quem hominibus explorare placuit, nisi a parva puella quae miris facultatibus praedita est...<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20161023150429/http://allreaders.com/book-review-summary/nemesis-15423 Nemesis Book Review Summary]'' in allreaders.com <small>(inspectus 1 Aprilis 2016)</small> {{Ling|Anglice}}</ref> == Mundus == [[Isaac Asimov]] videtur librum ''Nemesis'' caetero operi suo inserere volvisse, nam eius solita ibi agnoscuntur, sicut [[Robotum|robota]]. Descriptus mundus tamen pauce evolutum est, contra alia [[Isaac Asimov]] opera, quia [[gens humana]] spatium occupare modo incipit, systematis solaris coloniis ad [[Tellus (planeta)|Tellurem]] ligatis definite manentibus. Erythro [[Intelligentia|intellegentia]] mirabilis est. Planeta in communicando cum humanis assequitur, quamquam in collectiva [[Microbium|microbiis]] composita intellegentia constet. Idea de toto communicante planeta potius insolita est, etsi non primigenia: vide enim [[Theoria Gaia|theoriam Gaeae]], vel etiam [[Stanislaus Lem|Stanislai Lem]] ''[[Solaris (fabula)|Solaris]]''. == Praecipuae personae == * Eugenia Insigna Fisher, [[astronomus]] coloniae Rotor incola, patefacit Nemesin * Crile Fisher, [[speculator]] e [[Tellus (planeta)|Tellure]] * Marlene Fisher, magno ingenio filia personarum Crile et Eugenia, in Rotor nata * Dr. Janus Pitt, Gubernator Rotor * Siever Genarr, Dux arcae in Erythro constitutae * Tessa Anita Wendel, [[Physicus|physica]] ex Adelia == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> {{NexInt}} * [[Scientia ficticia]] == Nexus externi == * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20140829014904/http://schoolworkhelper.net/isaac-asimovs-nemesis-characters-theme/ Isaac Asimov’s Nemesis: Characters & Theme]'' in schoolworkhelper.net <small>(inspectus 1 Aprilis 2016)</small> {{Ling|Anglice}} * ''[http://asimov.wikia.com/wiki/Nemesis Nemesis]'' in [[Vici]] de Asimov <small>(inspectus 1 Aprilis 2016)</small> {{Ling|Anglice}} [[Categoria:Litterae rerum futurarum]] [[Categoria:Scripta 1989]] [[Categoria:Civitatum Foederatarum scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Anglicae]] [[Categoria:Isaac Asimov]] i9v5snd5yifibc5vl0hcsbuxht6epi7 Circulus Osnabrugae 0 267392 3986324 3984959 2026-09-07T10:39:57Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986324 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in OS.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Osnabrugensi]] '''Circulus Osnabrugae'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Osnabrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Ossenbrügge''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Ossenbrääch''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1803]] ad [[Ducatus Luneburgensis|Ducatum Luneburgensem]] pertinuit. Anno [[1805]] cum toto Ducatu a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Ab anno [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Franciam]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1814]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1974]] fines hodiernas accipit. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncta sunt: * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'') (15.263 incolae) * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'') (12.637) * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'') (13.581) * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'') (14.370) * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche''), urbs (36.013) * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'') (7839) * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald''), urbs (9390) * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'') (6664) * [[Haga ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref><ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen am Teutoburger Wald'') (13.475) * [[Hasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hasbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hasbergen'') (10.901) * [[Hilter ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hilter am Teutoburger Wald'') (10.243) * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte''), commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] (31.520) * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig''), urbs (10.548) * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'') (9268) * [[Melle]], oppidum(46.039) * [[Ostercappeln]] (9566) * [[Wallenhorst]] (23.018) * [[Artlandia (commune generale)|Artlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artland'') commune generale (22.839) ** [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'') (4572) ** [[Menslage]] (2462) ** [[Nortrup]] (2960) ** [[Quakenbrück]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (12.845) * [[Bersenbrugum (commune generale)|Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'') commune generale (28.870) ** [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiquo archidiaconatu Anchemii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> (3910) ([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfhusen'') ** [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> (7314) ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'') ** [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge''), urbs et sedes administrationis (8315) ** [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eggermöhlen'') (1703) ** [[Gehrda]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gährde'') (2504) ** [[Kettenkamp]] (1688) ** [[Rieste]] (3436) * [[Furstenavia (commune generale)|Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'') commune generale (15.873) ** [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'') (3518) ** [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'') (2945) ** [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau''), urbs et sedes administraionis (9410) * [[Neuenkirchen (commune generale)|Neuenkirchen]] commune generale (10.162) ** [[Merzen]] (3921) ** [[Neuenkirchen]], sedes administrationis * (4498) ** [[Voltlage]] (1743) {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Osnabrück|Circulum Osnabrugensem}} * [http://landkreis-osnabrueck/ Pagina officialis]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} == Notae == <references /> {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Osnabrugensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] sr45t2zwycosr1kjdfxobcpirzpbx1x 3986326 3986324 2026-09-07T11:01:57Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in OS.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Osnabrugensi]] '''Circulus Osnabrugae'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Osnabrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Ossenbrügge''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Ossenbrääch''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1803]] ad [[Ducatus Luneburgensis|Ducatum Luneburgensem]] pertinuit. Anno [[1805]] cum toto Ducatu a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Ab anno [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Franciam]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1814]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1974]] fines hodiernas accipit. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncta sunt: * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'') (15.263 incolae) * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'') (12.637) * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'') (13.581) * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'') (14.370) * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche''), urbs (36.013) * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'') (7839) * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald''), urbs (9390) * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'') (6664) * [[Haga ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref><ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen am Teutoburger Wald'') (13.475) * [[Hasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hasbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hasbergen'') (10.901) * [[Hilter ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hilter am Teutoburger Wald'') (10.243) * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte''), commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] (31.520) * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig''), urbs (10.548) * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'') (9268) * [[Melle]], oppidum(46.039) * [[Ostercappeln]] (9566) * [[Wallenhorst]] (23.018) * [[Artlandia (commune generale)|Artlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artland'') commune generale (22.839) ** [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'') (4572) ** [[Menslage]] (2462) ** [[Nortrup]] (2960) ** [[Quakenbrück]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (12.845) * [[Bersenbrugum (commune generale)|Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'') commune generale (28.870) ** [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiquo archidiaconatu Anchemii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> (3910) ([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfhusen'') ** [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> (7314) ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'') ** [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge''), urbs et sedes administrationis (8315) ** [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eggermöhlen'') (1703) ** [[Gehrda]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gährde'') (2504) ** [[Kettencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kettenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ketenkamp '') (1688) ** [[Rieste]] (3436) * [[Furstenavia (commune generale)|Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'') commune generale (15.873) ** [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'') (3518) ** [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'') (2945) ** [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau''), urbs et sedes administraionis (9410) * [[Neuenkirchen (commune generale)|Neuenkirchen]] commune generale (10.162) ** [[Merzen]] (3921) ** [[Neuenkirchen]], sedes administrationis * (4498) ** [[Voltlage]] (1743) {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Osnabrück|Circulum Osnabrugensem}} * [http://landkreis-osnabrueck/ Pagina officialis]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} == Notae == <references /> {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Osnabrugensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] fchq22zd7ik1e5442ebdo4n2mmek6tx Circulus terrae Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam 0 267396 3986236 3985490 2026-09-06T20:12:37Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986236 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in ROW.svg|thumb|Communia in circulo Rotenburg (Wümme)]] '''Circulus terrae Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Rotenburg an der Wümme'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landkreis Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Rotenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Rodenborg''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1719]] ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit, post [[Bella Coalitionum|Bella Napoleonica]] ad novum [[Regnum Hannoveranum]]. Ab anno [[1866]] pars [[Borussia]]e fuit. Ab anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1977]] fines hodiernas accipit, cum circulus antiquus Vordae Bremensis<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'') ad Rotenburgum adiunctus esset. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communi generalia coniuncta sunt: {{div col|2}} * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg'': [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'') (9238) * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]], caput circuli (21.392) * [[Scheeßel]] (12.946) * [[Visselhövede]], oppidum (10.199) * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'') urbs (18.645) * [[Botela (commune generale)|Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')commune generale (8231) ** [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel''), sedes administrationis (2428) ** [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'') (1320) ** [[Hemsbunda]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsbünde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsbünnen'') (1178) ** [[Hemslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemslingen'') (1405) ** [[Kirchwalsede]] (1161) ** [[Westerwalsede]] (739) * [[Fons Geestensis (commune generale)|Fons Geestensis]]<ref name="FG">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/fons?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum suffixum ''-quelle'' Latino vocabulo "fons fontis" vertitur]; Latinum autem gentilicium "Geestensis-e" ad flumen [[Geeste (flumen)|Geeste]] (Theodisce ''Geeste'') refertur. Quo de hydronymo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) ultra flumen Geeste (...)"</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Geestequelle''; [[Saxonice]] ''Geestborn'') commune generale (6449) ** [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi: Accesserunt instrumenta diplomatica ubi de parochiis Alvstedii et Bremervördae agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'') (864) ** [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'') (1430) ** [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'') (1058) ** [[Hepstidi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hipstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hipst'') (1237) ** [[Oerel]], sedes administrationis (1860) * [[Selsingen (commune generale)|Selsingen]] commune generale (9631) ** [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi: Accesserunt instrumenta diplomatica ubi de parochiis Alvstedii et Bremervördae agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'') (880) ** [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'') (658) ** [[Farva]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'') (634) ** [[Ostereistedt]] (914) ** [[Rhade]] (1126) ** [[Sandbostel]] (822) ** [[Seedorf]] (950) ** [[Selsingen]], sedes administrationis (3647) * [[Sittensen (commune generale)|Sittensen]] commune generale (11.009) ** [[Hamersa]]<ref name="-a"/> (453) ** [[Kalba]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kalbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kalf'') (551) ** [[Klein Meckelsen]] (902) ** [[Lengenbostel]] (455) ** [[Meckelsa Maior]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Meckels'') (466) ** [[Sittensen]], sedes administrationis (5765) ** [[Tiste]] (876) ** [[Vierden]] (768) ** [[Wohnste]] (773) * [[Sottrum (commune generale)|Sottrum]] commune generale (14.444) ** [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'') (1888) ** [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> [Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'') (1070) ** [[Hassendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hassendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassendörp'') (1120) ** [[Hellwega]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hellwege''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hellweeg'') (1041) ** [[Horstadium (Saxonia Inferior)|Horstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Horstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Horß'') (1293) ** [[Reeßum]] (1679) ** [[Sottrum]], sedes administrationis (6353) * [[Tarmstedt (commune generale)|Tarmstedt]] commune generale (10.796) ** [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'') (1065) ** [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'') (753) ** [[Hepstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hepstedt''; [Saxonice]] ''Hepst'' seu ''Heps'') (987) ** [[Kirchtimke]] (974) ** [[Tarmstedt]], sedes administrationis (3819) ** [[Vorwerk]] (1029) ** [[Westertimke]] (431) ** [[Wilstedt]] (1738) * [[Vintlum (commune generale)|Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'') commune generale (7461) ** [[Helvesiecca]]<ref name="-siek">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)". Hoc in casu, applicatur terminatio latinizans formae antiquae suffixi ''-siek'' -quae ''-sieck'', ut accidit in toponymis velut ''Bannensieck'', cuius hodierna forma ''Bannensiek'' est. Qua de ultima antiqua forma, vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=2955251 ''Arcinsys''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Helvesiek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helsch'') (792) ** [[Lauenbrück]], sedes administrationis (2266) ** [[Stemmen]] (844) ** [[Vahlde]] (674) ** [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'') (2885) * [[Zeven (commune generale)|Zeven]] commune generale (22.812) ** [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'') (2046) ** [[Gyhum]] ([[Theodisce]] ''Gyhum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jeem'') (2250) ** [[Heeslingen]] (4756) ** [[Zeven]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (13.760) {{div col end}} {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Rotenburg (Wümme)|Circulum Rotenburg (Wümme)}} * [http://lk-row.de/ Pagina officialis] == Notae == <references /> {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rotenburg (Wümme) circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] frtnv9px2dizc1a8jl1of2w4g34nf5b 3986240 3986236 2026-09-06T20:44:03Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3986240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in ROW.svg|thumb|Communia in circulo Rotenburg (Wümme)]] '''Circulus terrae Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Rotenburg an der Wümme'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgensis ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landkreis Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Rotenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Rodenborg''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1719]] ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit, post [[Bella Coalitionum|Bella Napoleonica]] ad novum [[Regnum Hannoveranum]]. Ab anno [[1866]] pars [[Borussia]]e fuit. Ab anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1977]] fines hodiernas accipit, cum circulus antiquus Vordae Bremensis<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'') ad Rotenburgum adiunctus esset. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communi generalia coniuncta sunt: {{div col|2}} * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg'': [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'') (9238) * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]], caput circuli (21.392) * [[Scheeßel]] (12.946) * [[Visselhövede]], oppidum (10.199) * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'') urbs (18.645) * [[Botela (commune generale)|Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')commune generale (8231) ** [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel''), sedes administrationis (2428) ** [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'') (1320) ** [[Hemsbunda]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsbünde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsbünnen'') (1178) ** [[Hemslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemslingen'') (1405) ** [[Kirchwalsede]] (1161) ** [[Westerwalsede]] (739) * [[Fons Geestensis (commune generale)|Fons Geestensis]]<ref name="FG">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/fons?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum suffixum ''-quelle'' Latino vocabulo "fons fontis" vertitur]; Latinum autem gentilicium "Geestensis-e" ad flumen [[Geeste (flumen)|Geeste]] (Theodisce ''Geeste'') refertur. Quo de hydronymo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur "(...) ultra flumen Geeste (...)"</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Geestequelle''; [[Saxonice]] ''Geestborn'') commune generale (6449) ** [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi: Accesserunt instrumenta diplomatica ubi de parochiis Alvstedii et Bremervördae agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'') (864) ** [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'') (1430) ** [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'') (1058) ** [[Hepstidi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hipstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hipst'') (1237) ** [[Oerel]], sedes administrationis (1860) * [[Selsingen (commune generale)|Selsingen]] commune generale (9631) ** [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi: Accesserunt instrumenta diplomatica ubi de parochiis Alvstedii et Bremervördae agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'') (880) ** [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'') (658) ** [[Farva]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'') (634) ** [[Ostereistedt]] (914) ** [[Rhade]] (1126) ** [[Sandbostel]] (822) ** [[Seedorf]] (950) ** [[Selsingen]], sedes administrationis (3647) * [[Sittensen (commune generale)|Sittensen]] commune generale (11.009) ** [[Calba (Saxonia Inferior)|Calba]]<ref name="Kalbe">Theodiscum toponymum ''Kalbe'' seu ''Calbe'' forma "Calba" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Calba ad Salam|Calbam ad Salam]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kalbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kalf'') (551) ** [[Hamersa]]<ref name="-a"/> (453) ** [[Klein Meckelsen]] (902) ** [[Lengenbostel]] (455) ** [[Meckelsa Maior]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Meckels'') (466) ** [[Sittensen]], sedes administrationis (5765) ** [[Tiste]] (876) ** [[Vierden]] (768) ** [[Wohnste]] (773) * [[Sottrum (commune generale)|Sottrum]] commune generale (14.444) ** [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'') (1888) ** [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> [Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'') (1070) ** [[Hassendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hassendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassendörp'') (1120) ** [[Hellwega]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hellwege''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hellweeg'') (1041) ** [[Horstadium (Saxonia Inferior)|Horstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Horstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Horß'') (1293) ** [[Reeßum]] (1679) ** [[Sottrum]], sedes administrationis (6353) * [[Tarmstedt (commune generale)|Tarmstedt]] commune generale (10.796) ** [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'') (1065) ** [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'') (753) ** [[Hepstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hepstedt''; [Saxonice]] ''Hepst'' seu ''Heps'') (987) ** [[Kirchtimke]] (974) ** [[Tarmstedt]], sedes administrationis (3819) ** [[Vorwerk]] (1029) ** [[Westertimke]] (431) ** [[Wilstedt]] (1738) * [[Vintlum (commune generale)|Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'') commune generale (7461) ** [[Helvesiecca]]<ref name="-siek">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)". Hoc in casu, applicatur terminatio latinizans formae antiquae suffixi ''-siek'' -quae ''-sieck'', ut accidit in toponymis velut ''Bannensieck'', cuius hodierna forma ''Bannensiek'' est. Qua de ultima antiqua forma, vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=2955251 ''Arcinsys''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Helvesiek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helsch'') (792) ** [[Lauenbrück]], sedes administrationis (2266) ** [[Stemmen]] (844) ** [[Vahlde]] (674) ** [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'') (2885) * [[Zeven (commune generale)|Zeven]] commune generale (22.812) ** [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'') (2046) ** [[Gyhum]] ([[Theodisce]] ''Gyhum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jeem'') (2250) ** [[Heeslingen]] (4756) ** [[Zeven]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (13.760) {{div col end}} {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Rotenburg (Wümme)|Circulum Rotenburg (Wümme)}} * [http://lk-row.de/ Pagina officialis] == Notae == <references /> {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rotenburg (Wümme) circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] qkpmqcja6lu8luzbh8xuq2nrrys655s Passionale Albaugiense 0 284191 3986311 3724110 2026-09-07T02:36:01Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986311 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Codex Bodmer 127 125v Detail.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|[[Septem dormientes]]. ''Passionale Albaugiense'' (Codex [[Bibliotheca Bodmeriana|Bodmerianus]] 127 f. 125v)]] '''''Passionale Albaugiense'''''{{Convertimus}}<ref>De adiectivo cf. "Ephemeron Albaugiense von Innozenz Bamberger" de quo [https://web.archive.org/web/20200608111918/http://berndmartinrohde.gmxhome.de/Kopialbuch_des_Innozenz_Bamberger.pdf hic legere potes]</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Weißenauer Passionale'') est [[martyrologium]] [[Latine]] compositum, saeculo XII exeunte manu scriptum, a magistro anonymo et fratre quodam Rufillo imaginibus pulchris illuminatum. Liber olim ad [[Minor Augia|monasterium Albaugiense]] vel Augiam Minorem iuxta [[Ravenspurgum]] pertinuit. Hodie in collectu [[Bibliotheca Bodmeriana|Bibliothecae Bodmerianae]] [[Colonia Allobrogum|Coloniae Allobrogum]] stat, siglo '''Codex Bodmer 127'''. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Codex Bodmer 127 244r detail Rufillus.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|"Fr. Rufillus" a se pictus. ''Passionale Albaugiense'' (Codex [[Bibliotheca Bodmeriana|Bodmerianus]] 127 f. 244r)]] * Solange Michon, "Ein illuminierter Passionale von Weißenau in Genf" in Helmut Binder, ed., ''850 Jahre Prämonstratenserabtei Weißenau 1145–1993'' (Sigmaringen: Thorbecke, 1995. ISBN 3799504141) * Elisabeth Pellegrin, ''Manuscrits latins de la Bodmeriana'' (Coloniae Allobrogum, 1982) pp. 265-280 == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Codex Bodmer 127|Passionale Albaugiense}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20191108160459/http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/fmb/cb-0127 Passionale Albaugiense] (manuscriptum Bodmerianum) apud ''e-Codices'' (series imaginum) [[Categoria:Vitae sanctorum]] [[Categoria:Codices]] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 12]] [[Categoria:Libri picti]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]] [[Categoria:Germaniae scripta]] [[Categoria:Bibliotheca Bodmeriana]] fylalvnhh1a4icvx0z5ms3y3o1455jw Boletus edulis 0 291539 3986154 3986020 2026-09-06T12:11:13Z IacobusAmor 1163 Plus quam stipula 3986154 wikitext text/x-wiki {{titulus italicus}}{{Myrias|Biologia}} {{Taxobox | name = ''Boletus edulis'' | image = Boletus edulis 2008 edit.jpg | image_width = 240px | regnum = [[Fungus|Fungi]] | divisio = [[Basidiomycota]] | classis = [[Agaricomycetes]] | ordo = [[Boletales]] | familia = [[Boletaceae]] | genus = ''[[Boletus]]'' | species = '''''B. edulis''''' | binomial = ''Boletus edulis'' | binomial_authority = ([[Johannes Baptista Bulliard|Bull.]]) 1821 }} {{ires|Boletus edulis}}<ref>Vel ''Leccinum edule, Dictyopus edulis''.</ref> est [[fungi|fungus]] edulis generis ''[[Boletus|Boleti]]'' [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Boletaceae|Boletacearum]], ab [[Ioannes Baptista Bulliard|Ioanne Baptista Bulliard]] anno [[1821]] descriptum. == Habitatio et hora == Fungus ab Iulio mense ad Septembrem in [[silva|silvis]] gignitur. [[Mycorrhiza]]m cum [[radix (botanica)|radicibus]] [[picea]]e, [[pinus]], [[quercus]], [[Betula|betulae]] componit. In silvis [[conifer]]is saepe cum ''[[Tricholoma equestre|Tricholomate equestri]]'' mixte gignitur, in quercetibus cum ''[[Russula aeruginea]]''. inter betulas cum ''[[Cantharellus cibarius|Cantharello cibario]]''. Silvas veteres [[Lichenes|lichenibus]] et [[Bryophyta|muscis]] abundantes praefert. In silvis [[hemisphaerium septentrionale|hemisphaerii septentrionalis]] vix non passim invenitur; in [[regio]]nibus [[silvisteppa|silvistepposis]] et in [[silvitundra|tundris silvaticis]] invenitir, sed, rarior est. [[Fasciculus:Boletus edulis R.H. (4).jpg|thumb|Hymenopohorum coloris olivacei]] ==Descriptio== [[Pileus fungi|Pilei]] fungi adulti ad 30 [[centimetrum|cm]] diametro sunt (nonnunquam et maiores inveniuntur). [[Color]]e sunt [[fuscus|fusco]], interdum flavescente vel rubente; ad margines semper albescunt. [[Hymenophorum]] tubulosum fungis iunioribus albidus est, crescentibus flavescit, adultis [[gilvus|gilvum]] et [[olivaceus|olivaceum]] fit. Tubulae usque ad 4 [[centimetrum|cm]] diametro rectae sunt, pori rotundi. De carne pilei albo facile separatur. [[Stipes fungi|Stipites]] altitudinis ad 12 [[centimetrum|cm]] sunt, colore [[Albidus|albido]], interdum adumbrationem pileo congruentem habent. Reticulo venarum magis albescentium stipites ornati sunt. Stipites iuniores [[dolium|doliiformes]] vel [[clava|claviformes]] sunt. interdum paene sphaerici; crescentes ad formam cylindri producuntur basi latiore manente. [[Fasciculus:AD2009Sep13 Boletus edulis 05.jpg|thumb|Caesus coloris albi puri est, tantum sub cute adumbrationem coloris pillei habet]] ==Formae== A {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Borisus Vasil'kov|Boriso Vasilkov|ru|qid=Q4104910}} 18 [[Forma (taxinomia)|formae]] ''Boleti edulis'' descriptae sunt<ref>Васильков Б. П. Съедобные и ядовитые грибы средней полосы европейской части России. Petropoli 1995. {{ling|Russice}} </ref>: * ''Boletus edulis f. edulis'' inter [[abies|abietes]] et [[picea]]s gignitur, passim prater [[Islandia]]m; * ''Boletus edulis f. quercicola'', quercetuum fungus, pileos adumbratione [[griseus|grisea]] habet; * ''Boletus edulis f. betulicola'', sub betulis invenitur, pileos albescentes usuqe ad paene albos habet; * ''Boletus edulis f. pinicola'', pileo atrescente intedum cum adumbratione [[violaceus|violacea]], carne sub cute rubescente; sub pineis gignitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. praecox'', pileo albescente, carne sub cute fuscante, mensibus Maio et Iunio in silvis pineis [[Germania]]e et regione [[Volga|Volgensi]] media invenitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. citrinus'', pileos flavescentes, interdum etiam [[luteus|luteos]] habet; sub piceis et pineis [[Dania]]e, [[Francogallia]]e, [[regio Minscensis|regionis Minscensis]] [[Ruthenia Alba|Rutheniae Albae]] gignitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. laevipes'' reticulum in stipite non habet, in silvis betulinis [[Anglia]]e, [[Belgica]]e, [[regio Leninopolitana|regionis Leninopolitanae]] Russiae invenitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. pseudopurpureus'' pileos et hymenophorum, adumbratione purpurea habet, in [[Austria]] invenitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. separans'', forma [[CFA|Civitatum foederatarum]], in silvis frondosis crescit, adumbrationem purpuream vel violaceam habet; * ''Boletus edulis f. aurantioruber'', forma [[Canada]]e ([[Nova Scotia]], [[Novum Brunsvicum]]), pileis adumbratione [[aurantius|aurantia]] vel rubra, stipitibus [[roseus|rosea]] vel rubescente, sub pineis et [[Tsuga|tsugis]] gignitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. subcaerulescens'', silvarum pinearum [[Novum Brunsvicum|Novi Brunsvici]] forma [[endemicus|endemica]], cuius stipites et pilei unicum colorem vini habent, hymenophorum pressum lente caerulescit; * ''Boletus edulis f. roseipes'', cuius pilei usque ad 25 cm latitudinis sunt, saepe cum maculis fuscis vel coloris arenae; stipes superior colorem roseum habet et caro caesa pilei (sed non stipitis) vix rosea gignitur; in [[regio Magadanensis|regione Magadanensi]] in litore septentrionali [[mare Ochotense|maris Ochotensis]] in montibus sub [[Larix|laricibus]] et ''[[Betula ermanii|Betulis ermanii]]'' gignitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. arcticus'', non maiores 5 cm adumbrationis gilvae pileos habet, in [[Chibinenses montes|montibus Chibinensibus]]; * ''Boletus edulis f. tardus'', arctico similis, sed atrior, in [[paeninsula Kolaensis|paeninsula Kolaensi]]. [[Tschucotia]], [[Kamtschatka]] et in [[Ossetia Meridionalis|Ossetia Meridionali]] altibus un montibus (2200 m altitudinis) sub betulis gignitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. olivaceobrunneus'', cum pileis adumbrationis olivaceae, ex America Septentrionali; * ''Boletus edulis f. aereus'', atrior et interdum paene niger, sub quercubus et [[fagus|fagis]] Europae meridionalis et Civitatum Foedaratarum invenitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. subaereus'', sub fagis, quercubus et [[carpinus|carpinis]] sub montibus [[Caucasus|Caucasi]], [[Carpates|Carpatum]], [[Iaponia]]e invenitur; * ''Boletus edulis f. reticulatus'', cuius pilei flavescunt et stipites breviores sunt, sub fagis et carpinis Europae meridionalis et [[Africa]]e septentrionalis rarior invenitur. [[Fasciculus:- Dried Boletus edulis -.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|''Boleti edules'' siccati,]] ==Usus== Edulis est et saepe optimus fungorum edulium habetur. Assatur et coquitur et salitur et intinguitur et siccatur ad ius concoquandum. ==Fungi similes== [[Tylopilus felleus]], cum iam iunior est et stipes eius alba colorem fulvum nondum accepit, pro ''Boleto eduli'' colligi potest. Non [[venneum|venenosus]] est, sed amarissimus, et amaritas eius coquendo solum acrior fit. Reticulum in stipite ''Tylopilus felleus'' semper atrius habet, secus ac ''Boletus edulis.'' ==Notae== <references /> ==Bibliographia== * Васильков Б. П. Белый гриб: Опыт монографии одного вида. — Moscuae et Leninopoli, 1966. * Hall, I. & al.: Ectomycorrhizal fungi with edible fruiting bodies 2. Boletus edulis. Economic Botany, 1998, 52. vsk, № 1. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Boletus edulis|''Boletum edulem''}} {{Vicispecies|Boletus edulis|''Boletum edulem''}} {{Fontes biologici}} [[Categoria:Boletus]] [[Categoria:Fungi edules]] [[Categoria:Taxa Bulliard]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1782]] sd3ll9jh736tkq24ccm51ngql82nmis Gloster (malum) 0 295353 3986157 3986097 2026-09-06T12:20:13Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3986157 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Jabuke Gloster na stablu.2.jpg|thumb|Malum cultivarietatis Gloster.]] '''Gloster''' est [[cultivarietas]] [[malus|malorum]] domesticarum [[species|speciei]] ''[[Malus pumila|Mali pumilae]],'' quae vicissim e ''[[Malus sieversii|M. sieversii]]'' specie sylvestri provenisse plerumque censetur. [[Arbor]] ''Gloster'' [[Curia Maiorica|Curiae Maioricae]]<ref name="Curia Maiorica">Manfred Niemeyer, ed., ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch'' (Berolini: De Gruyter, 2012), ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7, S. 298.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Jork''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jörk'') in [[oppidum|oppido]] [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] anno [[1951]] primum apud stationem quaesitionum pomariarum evoluta est. Inter mala in [[Unio Europaea|Unione Europaea]] emptoribus nostris diebus desideratissima, locum duodecimum tenet. ==Notae== <references/> == Bibliographia == * Morgan, Joan, et Alison Richards. [[1993]]. ''The Book of Apples.'' Londinii: Ebury Press, p. 212. == Nexus externi == * "[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/food-farming-fisheries/farming/documents/apple-dashboard_en.pdf Apple dashboard]" ([[Commissio Europaea]]) [[Categoria:Cultivarietates]] [[Categoria:Malus]] 00dgxxlxa2qj1q26cikmk68t30zkbi3 Nodus Ranvier 0 300824 3986273 3960787 2026-09-06T23:18:07Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986273 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Neuron la.svg|thumb|Inter [[cellula Schwannia|cellulas Schwannias]] flavo [[color]]e distinctas et myelini vaginam circa axones efficientes cernuntur nodi Ranvieri.]] '''Nodus Ranvieri''' est brevis [[axon|axonum]] [[myelinum|myelini]] vagina tectorum pars ubi myelinum intermittiturː ibi sunt [[canalis ionticus|canales iontici]] quibus [[ion|ionta]] Na<sup>+</sup> in [[cellula]]m intrare possunt et potentia electrica per [[Membrana cellulae|membranam]] [[Lipidum|lipideam]] iontibus impermeabilem creatur.<!--?--> Alibi enim myelinum axonem [[electricitas|electrice]] a [[liquor]]e extracellulari dissociat. Ita cum signum per axonem mittitur, inversio polorum electricorum non continua per totam membranam fit, sed a nodo Ranvieri ad proximum velut saltum facit. Quae conductio [[Fluxus electricus|electrici fluxus]] saltatoria dicitur, et celeritatem transmissionis multum auget<ref>Sherwood, Klandorf, Yancey, ''Animal physiologyː from Genes to Organisms'', 2013ː 4.3. Interpretatio Francogallicaː De Boeck, 2016 pp.126-9. </ref>. ==Notae== <references/> == Plura legere si cupis == * I. Lorena Arancibia-Carcamo, David Attwell. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20170922202528/http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1432396/1/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00401-014-1305-z.pdf The node of Ranvier in CNS pathology]", ''Acta Neuropathologica'', 2014ː 161–75. *Thomas Roux, ''[https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03278910/document Microglia-nodes of Ranvier interaction during repair]'', Parisiis, 2020 (Dissertatio academica). * Keiichiro Susuki, Matthew N Rasband, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20220107123242/http://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC2745093&blobtype=pdf Molecular mechanisms of node of Ranvier formation]", ''Current Opinion in Cell Biology'' , 2008ː 616–23. * Joy C. Zagoren et Sergey Fedoroff, curatores. ''The node of Ranvier.'' Academic Press, 1984. [https://books.google.fr/books?id=7CG0A64Y7RQC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum.] == Nexus externi == *[https://institutducerveau-icm.org/fr/actualite/noeuds-de-ranvier-myeline-elements-essentiels-de-transmission-de-linflux-nerveux/ Institut du cerveau (Francogallice)] *[https://sciencebeta.com/ranvier-node/ ''Quid sint Ranvier nodi'' apud Sciencebeta (Anglice)]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Categoria:Systema nervosum]] [[Categoria:Neurohistologia]] njp7tce635hdgv9n4ag86yrey2iwk37 Praemium Ioannis Nicod 0 303515 3986318 3744876 2026-09-07T06:28:18Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{latinitas|-2}} '''Praemium Ioannis Nicod''' quotannis philosophum ducens animi aut philosophice orientatur cognitiva physicus annuatim in [[Lutetua]] consideratum est. De lectionibus a ''Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique'' constituto, ut investigationem interdisciplinarem in scientia cognitiva in [[Francia]] promoveat, et de lectionibus ab 1993 centenarium nativitatis philosophi Francogallici et Ioannis Nicod logici notaverunt (1893-1924). Lector Ioannes Nicod expectat quattuor saltem lectiones de argumento suae electionis tradendas, et postea evulgandam praelectionum seriem vel monographum in Serie Lectionum Ioannes Nicod (MIT Press/Bradford Books, F. Recanati editor). == Index == Index '''Praemium Ioannes Nicod laureatos ''' ab 1993 in hodiernum diem: (Source: [https://web.archive.org/web/20200913043123/http://www.institutnicod.org/seminaires-colloques/conferences-et-prix-jean-nicod/conferences-jean-nicod-2014/article/prix-et-conferences-jean-nicod-1169?lang=en Institut Jean Nicod]) {| class="wikitable" |- bgcolor="#cccccc" !Annus !width="130pt"|Nomen !Affiliation !Titulus !Video !width="130pt"|Publication |- |1993 |[[Jerry Fodor]] |[[Universitas Rutgersensis]] |''The Elm and the Expert: Mentalese and Its Semantics'' | n/a |{{ISBN|0-262-56093-3}} |- |1994 |[[Fred Dretske]] |[[Universitas Stanfordiensis]] |''Naturalizing the Mind'' | n/a |{{ISBN|0-262-54089-4}} |- |1995 |[[Donald Davidson (philosopher)|Donald Davidson]] |[[Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis]] | n/a | n/a | n/a |- |1996 |[[Hans Kamp]] |[[Universitas Stutgardia]] | ''Thinking and Talking about Things'' | n/a | n/a |- |1997 |[[Jon Elster]] |[[Universitas Connecticūtae]] | ''Strong Feelings. Emotion, Addiction, and Human Behavior'' | n/a | {{ISBN|0-262-05056-0}} |- |1998 |[[Susan Carey]] |[[Universitas Harvardiana]] | ''The Origins of Concepts: Evolution vs Culture'' | n/a | n/a |- |1999 |[[John Perry (philosopher)|John Perry]] |[[Universitas Stanfordiensis]] |''Knowledge, Possibility, and Consciousness'' | n/a | {{ISBN|0-262-16199-0}} |- |2000 |[[John Searle]] |[[Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis]] |''Rationality in Action'' | n/a |{{ISBN|0-262-19463-5}} |- |2001 |[[Daniel Dennett]] |[[Tufts University]] | [[Sweet Dreams: Philosophical Obstacles to a Science of Consciousness|''Sweet Dreams. Philosophical Obstacles to a Science of Consciousness'']] | n/a | {{ISBN|0-262-04225-8}} |- |2002 |[[Ruth Millikan]] |[[Universitas Connecticuta]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20100714222927/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2002_en.htm ''Varieties of Meaning''] | n/a | {{ISBN|0-262-13444-6}} |- |2003 |[[Ray Jackendoff]] |[[Tufts University]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20080614041504/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2003_en.htm ''Mental Structures. Language, Society, Consciousness''] | [http://www.archivesaudiovisuelles.fr/131/] | {{ISBN|0-262-10119-X}} |- |2004 |[[Zenon Pylyshyn]] |[[Universitas Rutgersensis]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516213513/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2004_outline.htm ''Things and Places. How the mind connects with the world''] | [http://www.archivesaudiovisuelles.fr/242/] | {{ISBN|0-262-16245-8}} |- |2005 |[[Gilbert Harman]] |[[Universitas Princetoniensis]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20080516213605/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2005_outline.htm ''The Problem of Induction and Statistical Learning Theory''] | n/a | {{ISBN|0-262-08360-4}} |- |2006 |[[Michael Tomasello]] |[[Institutum Anthropologia Evolutionis Max Planck]] , [[Leipzig]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20070416131832/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2006_outline.htm ''Origins of Human Communication''] | [http://www.archivesaudiovisuelles.fr/686/] | {{ISBN|0-262-20177-1}} |- |2007 |[[Stephen Stich]] |[[Universitas Rutgersensis]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20071222094037/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2007_outline.htm ''Moral Theory Meets Cognitive Science: How the Cognitive Science Can Transform Traditional Debates''] | [http://www.archivesaudiovisuelles.fr/974/] | n/a |- |2008 |[[Kim Sterelny]] |[[Victoria University of Wellington]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20080511212515/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2008_outline.htm ''The Fate of the Third Chimpanzee''] | n/a | n/a |- |2009 |[[Elizabeth Spelke]] |[[Universitas Harvardiana]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20100715004553/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2009_outline.htm ''Sources of Human Knowledge''] | n/a | n/a |- |2010 |[[Tyler Burge]] |[[University of California, Los Angeles]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20100714222853/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2010_outline.htm ''Thresholds of Reason''] | n/a | n/a |- |2011 |[[Gergely Csibra]]<br />[[György Gergely]] |[[Central European University]] | [https://web.archive.org/web/20120205113626/http://www.institutnicod.org/lectures2011_outline.htm ''Natural Pedagogy''] |[http://savoirs.ens.fr//expose.php?id=646 <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>] | |- |2013 |[[Ned Block]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.institutnicod.org/seminaires-colloques/conferences-et-prix-jean-nicod/conference-jean-nicod/article/prix-et-conferences-jean-nicod-1014?lang=fr |title=Prix et Conférences Jean Nicod 2013-2014 - INSTITUT JEAN NICOD |website=www.institutnicod.org |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107022750/http://www.institutnicod.org/seminaires-colloques/conferences-et-prix-jean-nicod/conference-jean-nicod/article/prix-et-conferences-jean-nicod-1014?lang=fr |archive-date=2013-11-07}} </ref> |[[New York University]] | ''Conscious, Preconscious, Unconscious'' |[http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20200212113209/http://savoirs.ens.fr/expose.php?id=1758 <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>] | |- |2014 |[[Uta Frith]] and <br />[[Chris Frith]] |[[University College London]] |''What is innate and what is acquired in social cognition?'' and <br /> ''Mechanisms of social interaction'' |[http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20200212113210/http://savoirs.ens.fr/expose.php?id=1863 <nowiki>[7]</nowiki>] | |- |2015 |[[David Chalmers]] |[[New York University]] |''Spatial Illusions: From Mirrors to Virtual Reality'' |[http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20200212113209/http://savoirs.ens.fr/expose.php?id=2169 <nowiki>[8]</nowiki>] | |- |2016 |[[Patrick Haggard]] |[[University College London]] |''Volition, Agency, Responsibility: Cognitive Mechanisms of Human Action'' |[http://savoirs.ens.fr/expose.php?id=2532 <nowiki>[9]</nowiki>] | |- |2017 |[[John Campbell (philosopher)|John Campbell]] |[[Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis]] |''How language enters perception'' |[http://savoirs.ens.fr/expose.php?id=3150 <nowiki>[10]</nowiki>] | |- |2019 |[[Martine Nida-Rümelin]] |[[Universitas Friburgum]] |''Philosophical fundamentals for scientific studies of consciousness'' |[http://savoirs.ens.fr/expose.php?id=3701 <nowiki>[11]</nowiki>] | |- |2020 |[[Leda Cosmides]]<br />[[John Tooby]] |[[University of California Santa Barbara]] |''The Adaptationist Revolution and the Transformation of the Cognitive Sciences'' |[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W104FgWbDKs <nowiki>[12]</nowiki>] | |- |2021 |[[Frances Egan]] |[[Universitas Rutgersensis]] |''Deflating Mental Representation'' |[http://www.institutnicod.org/seminaires-colloques/prix-jean-nicod/conferences-et-prix-jean-nicod-2021/article/jean-nicod-lectures-and-prize-2021?lang=en] | |} == References == {{reflist}} == Exteriores nexus == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100126095003/http://www.institutnicod.org/conf.htm Jean Nicod Prize & Lectures] * [https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/series/jean-nicod-lectures MIT Press: Jean Nicod Lectures Series] [[Categoria:Praemia]] [[Categoria:Philosophia]] 6c6btitzaqyj8cvnclvgsmisz1x05s2 Demades 0 309217 3986166 3812329 2026-09-06T13:46:10Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Fontes */ 3986166 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Demades''', Demeae filius e [[Demos|demo]] Paeania (natus circa 380 a.C.n., occisus in [[Macedonia antiqua|Macedonia]] 319 aut [[318 a.C.n.]]), fuit [[orator]] [[Athenae|Atheniensis]] qui nomen suum [[pax|paci]] inter Athenienses et [[Philippus II (Macedonum rex)|Philippum II]] post [[Chaeronensis pugna (338 a.C.n.)|pugnam ad Chaeroneam]] ratae indidit quae Pax Demadis vulgo dicitur. Ab illo tempore una cum [[Aeschines|Aeschine]] et postea cum [[Phocion|Phocione]] factionem paci et [[Macedonia|Macedonibus]] faventem duxit. Popularis fama eum venalitatis accusabat<ref>[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Demosthenem'' 104. [[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Phocionis (Plutarchus)|Vita Phocionis]]'' 30</ref> et pluries damnatus est<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] XVIII.18.2.</ref>, in primis in [[Causa Harpalica|causa Harpalica]] dicta.<ref>[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Aristogitonem'' 15.</ref> Ob Macedonum amicitiam magnis honoribus elatus est,<ref>[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Demosthenem'' 101.</ref> postremo tamen iussu sive ipsius [[Antipater (Macedonum regens)|Antipatri]] sive eius filii [[Cassander|Cassandri]] occisus est quorum rivali [[Perdiccas (diadochus)|Perdiccae]] Demades epistulas miserat<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] XVIII.48. [[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Phocionis (Plutarchus)|Vita Phocionis]]'' 30 non de Perdicca sed de [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigono]] loquitur.</ref>. Ex tempore dicere mire callebat<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Demosthenis (Plutarchus)|Vita Demosthenis]]'' 10.</ref>, quae forte causa fuit cur illius orationes ad nos non pervenerint<ref>Iam Cicero ita scribebatː ''cuius nulla exstant scripta, Demades'' (''Brutus'' 36).</ref> (unica quae ei tribuitur ''De duodecim annis'' genuina non videtur). Plura tamen faceta dicta in collectaneis apophtegmatorum Demadi tribuuntur, quae 'Demadea' appellantur. == Vita == Humili loco nato Demadi pater fuit nauta<ref>[[Marcus Fabius Quintilianus|Quintilianus]] II.17.12.</ref>. Tempore incerto ob miram dicendi facultatem ad politicam sese convertit nec ante [[Chaeronensis pugna (338 a.C.n.)|Chaeronensem pugnam]] quicquid pro Macedonibus egisse videtur. Chaeroneae pugnavit atque dum inter captivos versatur facundia sua benignitatem Philippi regis ad se advertit adeo ut sine redemptione ipse et eius comites domum remitterentur<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] XVI.87.</ref>. Deinde mitissimas condiciones pacis a Philippo impetravit (pax Demadis)ː nam Athenienses democratiam servare potuerunt nec praesidium Macedonicum in suis finibus recipere cogebantur dummodo foederis Corinthii participes fierent atque auxilia Philippo mitterent<ref>Plutarchus, ''[[Vita Phocionis (Plutarchus)|Phoc]].'' 16.</ref>. An iam antea orator notus fuerit incertum est. Iterum anno [[335 a.C.n.|335]] post deletas [[Thebae (Boeotia)|Thebas]] Alexandrum placavit atque oratoribus quos ille morte puniturus flagitabat ([[Demosthenes]], [[Lycurgus (orator)|Lycurgus]], [[Hyperides]], [[Charidemus]]...) saluti fuit<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] 17.15. [[Plutarchus]], ''Dem''. 23. [[Lucius Flavius Arrianus|Arrianus]], ''[[Anabasis Alexandri]]'' I.10.</ref>. Postea nisi amicitia at saltem concordiae species inter Demosthenem et Demadem interfuisse videtur<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''Vita Demosthenis'' 8.</ref>ː ambo enim [[Reges Spartae|regi]] [[Agis III|Agidi III]] adversus Macedones rebellanti ([[331 a.C.n.]]) succurrere noluerunt. Demades qui venalis habebatur tum ditissimus<ref>[[Plutarchus]] ''Phoc.'' 20 et 30</ref> potentissimusque erat. Populus magnis honoribus eum tollebat ut statua aenea in [[Agora|agora]] aut cenatione in [[Prytaneum|prytaneo]]. Ipse per populum Macedonibus et eorum amicis qui saepe Athenienses prodiderant maximos honores decernebat<ref>[[Hyperides]], ''Contra Demadem''</ref>, postremo etiam deorum honores Alexandro tribuendos<ref>[[Valerius Maximus]] VII.2 ext.13.</ref>. Itaque [[Dinarchus]] dum in accusatoria oratione haec turpia Demadis blandimenta vituperat addebat omnia quae Demades turpiter in re publica egisset Demosthenem probasse quoniam omnia illa decreta praetermisit nec illegitimitatis accusabat<ref>''Contra Demosthenem'' 100-104.</ref>. Et ambo oratores in [[Causa Harpalica|causa Harpalica]] damnati quod pecuniam a [[Satrapes|satrapa]] Alexandri [[Harpalus Machatae filius|Harpalo]] accepissent<ref>[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Aristogitonem'' 14-5. Sex milia staterum [[Aurum|aureorum]] acceperat Demades secundum ''Contra Demosthenem'' 89.</ref> in exsilium profecti sunt ([[323 a.C.n.]]). Post cladem [[Bellum Lamiacum|bello Lamiaco]] acceptam Athenienses Demadem exsilio revocarunt sperantes victores per eum delinituros. Tum vero Antipater militum praesidium Munichiae collocavit et Demades per populum oratores partium adversarum morte damnavit<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Demosthenis (Plutarchus)|Dem]]''.28</ref>ː ita perierunt Demosthenes et [[Hyperides]] qui pro bello dixerant ([[322 a.C.n.]])<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] XVIII.18.2.</ref>. Quin etiam Antipater oligarchiam Atheniensibus imposuit. Per annos qui Bellum Lamiacum secuti sunt, Demades et Phocion rebus Atheniensibus praeerant. Benevolentiam Macedonum quoque retinuit Demades et paucos post annos iterum ad Antipatrum mittitur ut praesidii Macedonici profectionem impetraret. At tum deprehensae et vulgatae sunt litterae quibus Demades Perdiccam in Atticam venire invitabat ut regione potiretur. Antipater vel eius filius Cassander iratus de Demade et filio Demea saeviter supplicium sumpsit. == De iudiciis diversis == Multam invidiam Demadi fecerunt scriptores antiqui qui venalem et victorum Macedonum adsentatorem eum iudicarunt. Proditorem patriae addebat [[Pausanias (scriptor)|Pausanias]] ut qui [[Lamia (urbs)|Lamiae]] tum cum exsulabat Antipatrum a pace cum Atheniensibus facienda avertisset. Nuper tamen nonnulli historici hanc malignitatem perscrutari atque verum Demadem restituere temptaverunt. Ita P. Brun (2000) distinguere voluit inter auctores recentiores (Plutarchum, Pausaniam, [[Suda]]...) Demadi infestiores, fortasse quia cum Demosthenis Hyperidisque morte coniunctus erat (quamquam an per Antipatrum aliud facere ei licuerit nescimus), et traditionem vetustiorem ab inscriptionibus eius vitae coaevis usque ad Diodorum Siculum oratori aequioremː ita demonstraturum sperabat Demadem non venaliorem quam ceteros oratores sui temporis fuisse et semper in republica gerenda Atheniensium utilitatem respexisse. A quo probatur quam difficile sit ex antiquis fontibus personae cuiusdam veritatem dinoscere. == De facundia et facetis dictis == [[Theophrastus|Theophrasti]] iudicio per Putarchum<ref>''Vita Demosthenis'' X.2.</ref> nobis tradito Demades orator Demosthene melior eratː certe non ut ille diu meditando scribendoque orationes suas diligenter praeparabat sed ex tempore quod diceret inveniebat. Igitur orationes fortasse ne scripsisse quidem certe non publicasse videtur. Quamquam Quintilianus fieri non potuisse aestimabat quominus rhetoricam omnino non didicisset, certe maximam partem e naturalibus dotibus eius facundia nascebatur atque popularibus facetisque locutionibus abundabat. Famae eius memores posteriores rhetores orationes in ore Demadis posuerunt, ut illam apologiam rerum ab illo in civitate gestarum et ''De duodecim annis'' (Graece Ὑπὲρ τῆς δωδεκαετίας) inscriptam quam hodieque legere possumus<ref>Ian Worthington, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/639026 The Context of (Demades) On the Twelve Years]", ''The Classical Quarterly'', 1991ː 90-95. [https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82 Textus apud Vicifontem]</ref>. Aliam scholasticam exercitationem in [[Papyrus (materies)|papyro]]<ref>P.Berol. inv. 13045.</ref> servatam habemus, altercationem inter Demadem et eius accusatorem anno [[319 a.C.n.]] [[Pella|Pellae]] paulo ante mortem habitam<ref>Davide Amendola, "The Demades papyrus, P.Berol. inv. 13045 : a new text with commentary", Berolini, De Gruyter, 2022 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=HAmKEAAAQBAJ&pg=PR11&hl=fr&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=1#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud guglum librorum] et idem, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/26604066 The Account of Demosthenes' Suicide in P.Berol. inv. 13045, B II]", ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik'', 2017ː 16-21 </ref>. An omnia dicta quae Demadis referuntur pronuntiarit ipse difficile confirmatu est quoniam nonnumquam et aliis auctoribus simul adsignantur. Haec sunt notissimaː * Legislator [[Draco]], iudices, leges suas non [[Atramentum|atramento]], ut videtur, sed cruore incidit. * Civitatem accepi non illam navalem a maioribus olim firmatam sed anum sandalia indutam et ptisanam sorbentem. * Spectaculorum aerarium glus democratiae est (''Κόλλα τὰ θεωρικὰ τῆς δημοκρατίας'')<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''Moralia'' 1011b</ref> * Hoc decretum non ego scripsi sed Bellum Alexandri pilo scribens. * Saepe mihi ipse contradixi, civitati vero numquam<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Demosthenis (Plutarchus)|Dem]].'' XIII.3.</ref> * Non mortuus est Alexander, Athenienses, alioqui totus orbis terrarum cadaver redoleret (hoc nuntiata ei Alexandri morte respondisse dicitur) * Imperium Macedonicum mortuo Alexandro [[Polyphemus|Polyphemo]] excaecato similest. * Item Atheniensibus divinos honores Alexandro tributos indignantibus respondisse diciturː "Cavete ne dum caelum tuemini terram amittatis". == Notae == <references /> == Fontes == *[[Claudius Aelianus|Aelianus]], ''Varia Historia'' V.12 et XIII.12 *[[Aristoteles]], ''[[Ars Rhetorica (Aristoteles)|Ars Rhetorica]]'' II.24.7 (1401b) *[[Athenaeus Naucratites|Athenaeus]], ''[[Deipnosophistae|Deipnosohistae]]'' II.44f et VI.251b *[[Aulus Gellius]], ''Noctes Atticae'' XI.10. *Cicero, ''[[Orator (Cicero)|Orator]]'' 36, 90 et ''[[Brutus (Cicero)|Brutus]]'' 9. *[[Demosthenes]], ''[[De corona (Demosthenes)|De Corona]]'' 285 et ''[[In Aristogitonem]]'' I.47. *[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Demosthenem'', ''Contra Aristogitonem'' , ''Contra Philoclem'' * [[Diodorus Siculus]], ''[[Bibliotheca historica]]'' XVI.87, XVII.15, XVIII.18 et 48. *[[Hyperides]], ''Contra Demosthenem'' et ''Contra Demadem'' [https://archive.org/details/hyperidisorati00hype/page/70/mode/2up Hic habes fragmenta servata huius orationis] *[[Pausanias (scriptor)|Pausanias]], ''[[Descriptio Graeciae]]'' VII.10.1 *[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Phocionis (Plutarchus)|Vita Phocionis]]'' 1, 16, 20, 30 et ''[[Vita Demosthenis (Plutarchus)|Vita Demosthenis]]'' 8, 10-11, 13, 23, 28, 31. ''Praecepta reipublicae gerendae'' 14, 27 *[[Sidonius Apollinaris]], ''Epistulae'' VIII.1.2 == Plura legere si cupis == *Patrice Brun, ''[https://books.openedition.org/ausonius/9741 L'Orateur Démadeː Essai d’histoire et d’historiographie]'', Ausonius, 2000ː 151-170 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/reg_0035-2039_2001_num_114_2_4475_t2_0736_0000_1 Recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_2002_num_104_1_4869_t1_0269_0000_3 Altera recensio critica] [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2002/2002.09.22 Tertia recensio critica] * A. Cartault, ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bd6t53359341.image De causa Harpalica]'', Lutetiae, 1881 *Sviatoslav Dmitriev, ''The Orator Demades. Classical Greece Reimagined through Rhetoric''. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2021. [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2022/2022.03.36/ Recensio critica] [https://books.google.fr/books?id=TPYTEAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] *Vittorio de Falco, ''Demade oratore : testimonianze e frammenti'', Neapoli, 1954 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1935_num_4_1_2993_t1_0247_0000_2 Recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/reg_0035-2039_1934_num_47_219_7152_t1_0128_0000_2 Altera recensio critica] *Lucien Lerat, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/bch_0007-4217_1934_num_58_1_2797 En tête d'un décret delphique de proxénie en l'honneur de Démade]", ''Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique'', 1934ː 168-172 *Fordyce W. Mitchel, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/283762 Demades of Paeania and IG II2. 1493, 1494, 1495]", ''Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association'', 1962ː 213-229 *H. Lhardy, [https://archive.org/details/dedemadeoratore00hargoog/page/n3/mode/2up De Demade oratore Atheniensi], Berolini, 1834 *A. N. Oikonomides, "Δημάδου τοῦ Παιανιέως ψηφίσματα καὶ ἐπιγραφικαὶ περὶ τοῦ βίου πηγαί" in: ''Plato'', 1956ː 105-129 == Nexus externi == *[https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/RE:Demades Demades] apud [[Paulys Real-Enzyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft|Pauly]]. {{Lifetime|saeculo 4 a.C.n.|318 a.C.n.|Demades}} [[Categoria:Historia Athenarum]] [[Categoria:Oratores]] [[Categoria:Politici Graeci antiqui]] [[Categoria:Necati]] hqwolw3o8dxldgp368qfvszk4ejuy14 3986167 3986166 2026-09-06T13:51:25Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3986167 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Demades''', Demeae filius e [[Demos|demo]] Paeania (natus circa 380 a.C.n., occisus in [[Macedonia antiqua|Macedonia]] 319 aut [[318 a.C.n.]]), fuit [[orator]] [[Athenae|Atheniensis]] qui nomen suum [[pax|paci]] inter Athenienses et [[Philippus II (Macedonum rex)|Philippum II]] post [[Chaeronensis pugna (338 a.C.n.)|pugnam ad Chaeroneam]] ratae indidit quae Pax Demadis vulgo dicitur. Ab illo tempore una cum [[Aeschines|Aeschine]] et postea cum [[Phocion|Phocione]] factionem paci et [[Macedonia|Macedonibus]] faventem duxit. Popularis fama eum venalitatis accusabat<ref>[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Demosthenem'' 104. [[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Phocionis (Plutarchus)|Vita Phocionis]]'' 30</ref> et pluries damnatus est<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] XVIII.18.2.</ref>, in primis in [[Causa Harpalica|causa Harpalica]] dicta.<ref>[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Aristogitonem'' 15.</ref> Ob Macedonum amicitiam magnis honoribus elatus est,<ref>[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Demosthenem'' 101.</ref> postremo tamen iussu sive ipsius [[Antipater (Macedonum regens)|Antipatri]] sive eius filii [[Cassander|Cassandri]] occisus est quorum rivali [[Perdiccas (diadochus)|Perdiccae]] Demades epistulas miserat<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] XVIII.48. [[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Phocionis (Plutarchus)|Vita Phocionis]]'' 30 non de Perdicca sed de [[Antigonus I Monophthalmus|Antigono]] loquitur.</ref>. Ex tempore dicere mire callebat<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Demosthenis (Plutarchus)|Vita Demosthenis]]'' 10.</ref>, quae forte causa fuit cur illius orationes ad nos non pervenerint<ref>Iam Cicero ita scribebatː ''cuius nulla exstant scripta, Demades'' (''[[Brutus (Cicero)|Brutus]]'' 36). Cf [[Quintilianus]], ''Institutio oratoria'' XII.10.49.</ref> (unica quae ei tribuitur ''De duodecim annis'' genuina non videtur). Plura tamen faceta dicta in collectaneis apophtegmatorum Demadi tribuuntur, quae 'Demadea' appellantur. == Vita == Humili loco nato Demadi pater fuit nauta<ref>[[Marcus Fabius Quintilianus|Quintilianus]] II.17.12.</ref>. Tempore incerto ob miram dicendi facultatem ad politicam sese convertit nec ante [[Chaeronensis pugna (338 a.C.n.)|Chaeronensem pugnam]] quicquid pro Macedonibus egisse videtur. Chaeroneae pugnavit atque dum inter captivos versatur facundia sua benignitatem Philippi regis ad se advertit adeo ut sine redemptione ipse et eius comites domum remitterentur<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] XVI.87.</ref>. Deinde mitissimas condiciones pacis a Philippo impetravit (pax Demadis)ː nam Athenienses democratiam servare potuerunt nec praesidium Macedonicum in suis finibus recipere cogebantur dummodo foederis Corinthii participes fierent atque auxilia Philippo mitterent<ref>Plutarchus, ''[[Vita Phocionis (Plutarchus)|Phoc]].'' 16.</ref>. An iam antea orator notus fuerit incertum est. Iterum anno [[335 a.C.n.|335]] post deletas [[Thebae (Boeotia)|Thebas]] Alexandrum placavit atque oratoribus quos ille morte puniturus flagitabat ([[Demosthenes]], [[Lycurgus (orator)|Lycurgus]], [[Hyperides]], [[Charidemus]]...) saluti fuit<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] 17.15. [[Plutarchus]], ''Dem''. 23. [[Lucius Flavius Arrianus|Arrianus]], ''[[Anabasis Alexandri]]'' I.10.</ref>. Postea nisi amicitia at saltem concordiae species inter Demosthenem et Demadem interfuisse videtur<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''Vita Demosthenis'' 8.</ref>ː ambo enim [[Reges Spartae|regi]] [[Agis III|Agidi III]] adversus Macedones rebellanti ([[331 a.C.n.]]) succurrere noluerunt. Demades qui venalis habebatur tum ditissimus<ref>[[Plutarchus]] ''Phoc.'' 20 et 30</ref> potentissimusque erat. Populus magnis honoribus eum tollebat ut statua aenea in [[Agora|agora]] aut cenatione in [[Prytaneum|prytaneo]]. Ipse per populum Macedonibus et eorum amicis qui saepe Athenienses prodiderant maximos honores decernebat<ref>[[Hyperides]], ''Contra Demadem''</ref>, postremo etiam deorum honores Alexandro tribuendos<ref>[[Valerius Maximus]] VII.2 ext.13.</ref>. Itaque [[Dinarchus]] dum in accusatoria oratione haec turpia Demadis blandimenta vituperat addebat omnia quae Demades turpiter in re publica egisset Demosthenem probasse quoniam omnia illa decreta praetermisit nec illegitimitatis accusabat<ref>''Contra Demosthenem'' 100-104.</ref>. Et ambo oratores in [[Causa Harpalica|causa Harpalica]] damnati quod pecuniam a [[Satrapes|satrapa]] Alexandri [[Harpalus Machatae filius|Harpalo]] accepissent<ref>[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Aristogitonem'' 14-5. Sex milia staterum [[Aurum|aureorum]] acceperat Demades secundum ''Contra Demosthenem'' 89.</ref> in exsilium profecti sunt ([[323 a.C.n.]]). Post cladem [[Bellum Lamiacum|bello Lamiaco]] acceptam Athenienses Demadem exsilio revocarunt sperantes victores per eum delinituros. Tum vero Antipater militum praesidium Munichiae collocavit et Demades per populum oratores partium adversarum morte damnavit<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Demosthenis (Plutarchus)|Dem]]''.28</ref>ː ita perierunt Demosthenes et [[Hyperides]] qui pro bello dixerant ([[322 a.C.n.]])<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]] XVIII.18.2.</ref>. Quin etiam Antipater oligarchiam Atheniensibus imposuit. Per annos qui Bellum Lamiacum secuti sunt, Demades et Phocion rebus Atheniensibus praeerant. Benevolentiam Macedonum quoque retinuit Demades et paucos post annos iterum ad Antipatrum mittitur ut praesidii Macedonici profectionem impetraret. At tum deprehensae et vulgatae sunt litterae quibus Demades Perdiccam in Atticam venire invitabat ut regione potiretur. Antipater vel eius filius Cassander iratus de Demade et filio Demea saeviter supplicium sumpsit. == De iudiciis diversis == Multam invidiam Demadi fecerunt scriptores antiqui qui venalem et victorum Macedonum adsentatorem eum iudicarunt. Proditorem patriae addebat [[Pausanias (scriptor)|Pausanias]] ut qui [[Lamia (urbs)|Lamiae]] tum cum exsulabat Antipatrum a pace cum Atheniensibus facienda avertisset. Nuper tamen nonnulli historici hanc malignitatem perscrutari atque verum Demadem restituere temptaverunt. Ita P. Brun (2000) distinguere voluit inter auctores recentiores (Plutarchum, Pausaniam, [[Suda]]...) Demadi infestiores, fortasse quia cum Demosthenis Hyperidisque morte coniunctus erat (quamquam an per Antipatrum aliud facere ei licuerit nescimus), et traditionem vetustiorem ab inscriptionibus eius vitae coaevis usque ad Diodorum Siculum oratori aequioremː ita demonstraturum sperabat Demadem non venaliorem quam ceteros oratores sui temporis fuisse et semper in republica gerenda Atheniensium utilitatem respexisse. A quo probatur quam difficile sit ex antiquis fontibus personae cuiusdam veritatem dinoscere. == De facundia et facetis dictis == [[Theophrastus|Theophrasti]] iudicio per Putarchum<ref>''Vita Demosthenis'' X.2.</ref> nobis tradito Demades orator Demosthene melior eratː certe non ut ille diu meditando scribendoque orationes suas diligenter praeparabat sed ex tempore quod diceret inveniebat. Igitur orationes fortasse ne scripsisse quidem certe non publicasse videtur. Quamquam Quintilianus fieri non potuisse aestimabat quominus rhetoricam omnino non didicisset, certe maximam partem e naturalibus dotibus eius facundia nascebatur atque popularibus facetisque locutionibus abundabat. Famae eius memores posteriores rhetores orationes in ore Demadis posuerunt, ut illam apologiam rerum ab illo in civitate gestarum et ''De duodecim annis'' (Graece Ὑπὲρ τῆς δωδεκαετίας) inscriptam quam hodieque legere possumus<ref>Ian Worthington, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/639026 The Context of (Demades) On the Twelve Years]", ''The Classical Quarterly'', 1991ː 90-95. [https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82 Textus apud Vicifontem]</ref>. Aliam scholasticam exercitationem in [[Papyrus (materies)|papyro]]<ref>P.Berol. inv. 13045.</ref> servatam habemus, altercationem inter Demadem et eius accusatorem anno [[319 a.C.n.]] [[Pella|Pellae]] paulo ante mortem habitam<ref>Davide Amendola, "The Demades papyrus, P.Berol. inv. 13045 : a new text with commentary", Berolini, De Gruyter, 2022 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=HAmKEAAAQBAJ&pg=PR11&hl=fr&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=1#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud guglum librorum] et idem, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/26604066 The Account of Demosthenes' Suicide in P.Berol. inv. 13045, B II]", ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik'', 2017ː 16-21 </ref>. An omnia dicta quae Demadis referuntur pronuntiarit ipse difficile confirmatu est quoniam nonnumquam et aliis auctoribus simul adsignantur. Haec sunt notissimaː * Legislator [[Draco]], iudices, leges suas non [[Atramentum|atramento]], ut videtur, sed cruore incidit. * Civitatem accepi non illam navalem a maioribus olim firmatam sed anum sandalia indutam et ptisanam sorbentem. * Spectaculorum aerarium glus democratiae est (''Κόλλα τὰ θεωρικὰ τῆς δημοκρατίας'')<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''Moralia'' 1011b</ref> * Hoc decretum non ego scripsi sed Bellum Alexandri pilo scribens. * Saepe mihi ipse contradixi, civitati vero numquam<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Demosthenis (Plutarchus)|Dem]].'' XIII.3.</ref> * Non mortuus est Alexander, Athenienses, alioqui totus orbis terrarum cadaver redoleret (hoc nuntiata ei Alexandri morte respondisse dicitur) * Imperium Macedonicum mortuo Alexandro [[Polyphemus|Polyphemo]] excaecato similest. * Item Atheniensibus divinos honores Alexandro tributos indignantibus respondisse diciturː "Cavete ne dum caelum tuemini terram amittatis". == Notae == <references /> == Fontes == *[[Claudius Aelianus|Aelianus]], ''Varia Historia'' V.12 et XIII.12 *[[Aristoteles]], ''[[Ars Rhetorica (Aristoteles)|Ars Rhetorica]]'' II.24.7 (1401b) *[[Athenaeus Naucratites|Athenaeus]], ''[[Deipnosophistae|Deipnosohistae]]'' II.44f et VI.251b *[[Aulus Gellius]], ''Noctes Atticae'' XI.10. *Cicero, ''[[Orator (Cicero)|Orator]]'' 36, 90 et ''[[Brutus (Cicero)|Brutus]]'' 9. *[[Demosthenes]], ''[[De corona (Demosthenes)|De Corona]]'' 285 et ''[[In Aristogitonem]]'' I.47. *[[Dinarchus]], ''Contra Demosthenem'', ''Contra Aristogitonem'' , ''Contra Philoclem'' * [[Diodorus Siculus]], ''[[Bibliotheca historica]]'' XVI.87, XVII.15, XVIII.18 et 48. *[[Hyperides]], ''Contra Demosthenem'' et ''Contra Demadem'' [https://archive.org/details/hyperidisorati00hype/page/70/mode/2up Hic habes fragmenta servata huius orationis] *[[Pausanias (scriptor)|Pausanias]], ''[[Descriptio Graeciae]]'' VII.10.1 *[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Phocionis (Plutarchus)|Vita Phocionis]]'' 1, 16, 20, 30 et ''[[Vita Demosthenis (Plutarchus)|Vita Demosthenis]]'' 8, 10-11, 13, 23, 28, 31. ''Praecepta reipublicae gerendae'' 14, 27 *[[Sidonius Apollinaris]], ''Epistulae'' VIII.1.2 == Plura legere si cupis == *Patrice Brun, ''[https://books.openedition.org/ausonius/9741 L'Orateur Démadeː Essai d’histoire et d’historiographie]'', Ausonius, 2000ː 151-170 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/reg_0035-2039_2001_num_114_2_4475_t2_0736_0000_1 Recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_2002_num_104_1_4869_t1_0269_0000_3 Altera recensio critica] [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2002/2002.09.22 Tertia recensio critica] * A. Cartault, ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bd6t53359341.image De causa Harpalica]'', Lutetiae, 1881 *Sviatoslav Dmitriev, ''The Orator Demades. Classical Greece Reimagined through Rhetoric''. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2021. [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2022/2022.03.36/ Recensio critica] [https://books.google.fr/books?id=TPYTEAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] *Vittorio de Falco, ''Demade oratore : testimonianze e frammenti'', Neapoli, 1954 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1935_num_4_1_2993_t1_0247_0000_2 Recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/reg_0035-2039_1934_num_47_219_7152_t1_0128_0000_2 Altera recensio critica] *Lucien Lerat, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/bch_0007-4217_1934_num_58_1_2797 En tête d'un décret delphique de proxénie en l'honneur de Démade]", ''Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique'', 1934ː 168-172 *Fordyce W. Mitchel, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/283762 Demades of Paeania and IG II2. 1493, 1494, 1495]", ''Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association'', 1962ː 213-229 *H. Lhardy, [https://archive.org/details/dedemadeoratore00hargoog/page/n3/mode/2up De Demade oratore Atheniensi], Berolini, 1834 *A. N. Oikonomides, "Δημάδου τοῦ Παιανιέως ψηφίσματα καὶ ἐπιγραφικαὶ περὶ τοῦ βίου πηγαί" in: ''Plato'', 1956ː 105-129 == Nexus externi == *[https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/RE:Demades Demades] apud [[Paulys Real-Enzyklopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft|Pauly]]. {{Lifetime|saeculo 4 a.C.n.|318 a.C.n.|Demades}} [[Categoria:Historia Athenarum]] [[Categoria:Oratores]] [[Categoria:Politici Graeci antiqui]] [[Categoria:Necati]] f4ixy1qmhiyfwdcpqil1okcz060qwmp Formula:Res 10 309420 3986284 3836219 2026-09-07T00:16:20Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986284 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} |<dfn style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn> |{{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|proprietas=distributa}}</noinclude> kg4fu8cxvlr699lz25ve51wi1som262 3986295 3986284 2026-09-07T00:19:40Z Grufo 64423 3986295 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | <dfn style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn> | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|proprietas=distributa}}</noinclude> 7wt41wm0ykxqh7zhtm2iwy45df3o4p8 Formula:Res/doc 10 309421 3986278 3962999 2026-09-07T00:11:43Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986278 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis|proprietas=distributa}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} Hic nonnullae formulae, ad rem in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam indicandam excogitatae (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>), colliguntur: * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} Formula usitatissima est {{Fn|Res}}. Si tamen res est ''nomen proprium operis artis'', formula {{Fn|Res de opere}} adhiberi solet. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[species (taxinomia)|species animalium]], formula {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} scribitur. Si res dissertata est ''initium sententiae'', ad verba intra virgulas curvas ostendenda, mos est formulis {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} aut {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} uti, prout qua lingua pagina scripta sit. Porro, si res dissertata est ''nomen operis artis quod titulum e primis verbis trahit'', formulae {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} aut {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} usurpantur, prout qua lingua opus scriptum sit. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si autem rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Nonnullae ex his formulis titulus peculiaribus typis requirunt: * Formulae {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} adhiberi solent * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet {{Nota bene}} Si plura de nota HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> legere vis, vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]) {{Nota bene}} Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. == {{[[Formula:Res|Res]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|gdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem ordinariam in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''...'''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|res/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res typis italicis|Res typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ires|res italice|gidfn|igdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertata typis italicis – {{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc. – scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere|Res de opere]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ores}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight>). Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram|Res ad litteram]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lres}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lres/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis|Res ad litteram typisque italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lires}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram typisque italicis – {{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc. – scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit|Res de opere quod sic incipit]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|loires}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]] {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|loires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Subres|Subres]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|idfn}} Utere hac formula ut ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>''...''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis definitionis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == {{[[Formula:Res tacita|Res tacita]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|tres|tdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam, '''typis ordinariis a te melius intra formulam definitis''', scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ ...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est... Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula rem dissertatam scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Sgr A*", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Sagittarius A*", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "sgr-a", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML <code>&lt;dfn&gt;...&lt;/dfn&gt;</code> == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud has formulas attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae humanae == * {{Fn|Res/haec}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis/haec}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Var}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> gbrihy4scn0cajiijxtflr5g7t5uhov 3986304 3986278 2026-09-07T00:27:48Z Grufo 64423 /* Ulteriora si cupis */ 3986304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis|proprietas=distributa}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} Hic nonnullae formulae, ad rem in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam indicandam excogitatae (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>), colliguntur: * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} Formula usitatissima est {{Fn|Res}}. Si tamen res est ''nomen proprium operis artis'', formula {{Fn|Res de opere}} adhiberi solet. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[species (taxinomia)|species animalium]], formula {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} scribitur. Si res dissertata est ''initium sententiae'', ad verba intra virgulas curvas ostendenda, mos est formulis {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} aut {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} uti, prout qua lingua pagina scripta sit. Porro, si res dissertata est ''nomen operis artis quod titulum e primis verbis trahit'', formulae {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} aut {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} usurpantur, prout qua lingua opus scriptum sit. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si autem rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Nonnullae ex his formulis titulus peculiaribus typis requirunt: * Formulae {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} adhiberi solent * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet {{Nota bene}} Si plura de nota HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> legere vis, vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]) {{Nota bene}} Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. == {{[[Formula:Res|Res]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|gdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem ordinariam in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''...'''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|res/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res typis italicis|Res typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ires|res italice|gidfn|igdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertata typis italicis – {{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc. – scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere|Res de opere]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ores}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight>). Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram|Res ad litteram]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lres}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lres/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis|Res ad litteram typisque italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lires}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram typisque italicis – {{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc. – scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit|Res de opere quod sic incipit]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|loires}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]] {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|loires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Subres|Subres]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|idfn}} Utere hac formula ut ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>''...''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis definitionis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == {{[[Formula:Res tacita|Res tacita]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|tres|tdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam, '''typis ordinariis a te melius intra formulam definitis''', scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ ...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est... Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula rem dissertatam scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Sgr A*", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Sagittarius A*", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "sgr-a", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML <code>&lt;dfn&gt;...&lt;/dfn&gt;</code> == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud has formulas attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae humanae == * {{Fn|Res/haec}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis/haec}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum]] * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Var}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> dm8x7tbfwtjend64n50zh5lrdemt05n 3986305 3986304 2026-09-07T00:31:20Z Grufo 64423 +nexus 3986305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis|proprietas=distributa}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} Hic nonnullae formulae, ad rem in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam indicandam excogitatae (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>), colliguntur: * {{Fn|Res}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res typis italicis&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res de opere}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res de opere&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram typisque italicis&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Subres}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Subres&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res tacita}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res tacita&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) Formula usitatissima est {{Fn|Res}}. Si tamen res est ''nomen proprium operis artis'', formula {{Fn|Res de opere}} adhiberi solet. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[species (taxinomia)|species animalium]], formula {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} scribitur. Si res dissertata est ''initium sententiae'', ad verba intra virgulas curvas ostendenda, mos est formulis {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} aut {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} uti, prout qua lingua pagina scripta sit. Porro, si res dissertata est ''nomen operis artis quod titulum e primis verbis trahit'', formulae {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} aut {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} usurpantur, prout qua lingua opus scriptum sit. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si autem rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Nonnullae ex his formulis titulus peculiaribus typis requirunt: * Formulae {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} adhiberi solent * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet {{Nota bene}} Si plura de nota HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> legere vis, vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]) {{Nota bene}} Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. == {{[[Formula:Res|Res]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|gdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem ordinariam in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''...'''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|res/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res typis italicis|Res typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ires|res italice|gidfn|igdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertata typis italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere|Res de opere]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ores}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight>). Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram|Res ad litteram]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lres}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lres/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis|Res ad litteram typisque italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lires}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram typisque italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit|Res de opere quod sic incipit]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|loires}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]] {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|loires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Subres|Subres]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|idfn}} Utere hac formula ut ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>''...''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis definitionis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == {{[[Formula:Res tacita|Res tacita]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|tres|tdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam, '''typis ordinariis a te melius intra formulam definitis''', scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ ...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est... Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula rem dissertatam scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Sgr A*", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Sagittarius A*", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "sgr-a", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML <code>&lt;dfn&gt;...&lt;/dfn&gt;</code> == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud has formulas attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae humanae == * {{Fn|Res/haec}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis/haec}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum]] * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Var}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 5rirjr64qadzv1aljpemw8dhlaa0hkf 3986306 3986305 2026-09-07T00:35:38Z Grufo 64423 3986306 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis|proprietas=distributa}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} Hic nonnullae formulae, ad rem in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam indicandam excogitatae (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>), colliguntur: * {{[[Formula:Res#&#123;&#123;Res&#125;&#125;|Res]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res typis italicis]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res de opere#&#123;&#123;Res de opere&#125;&#125;|Res de opere]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram typisque italicis&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram typisque italicis]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]}} * {{[[Formula:Subres#&#123;&#123;Subres&#125;&#125;|Subres]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res tacita#&#123;&#123;Res tacita&#125;&#125;|Res tacita]]}} Formula usitatissima est {{Fn|Res}}. Si tamen res est ''nomen proprium operis artis'', formula {{Fn|Res de opere}} adhiberi solet. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[species (taxinomia)|species animalium]], formula {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} scribitur. Si res dissertata est ''initium sententiae'', ad verba intra virgulas curvas ostendenda, mos est formulis {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} aut {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} uti, prout qua lingua pagina scripta sit. Porro, si res dissertata est ''nomen operis artis quod titulum e primis verbis trahit'', formulae {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} aut {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} usurpantur, prout qua lingua opus scriptum sit. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si autem rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Nonnullae ex his formulis titulus peculiaribus typis requirunt: * Formulae {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} adhiberi solent * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet {{Nota bene}} Si plura de nota HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> legere vis, vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]) {{Nota bene}} Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. == {{[[Formula:Res#&#123;&#123;Res&#125;&#125;|Res]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|gdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem ordinariam in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''...'''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|res/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ires|res italice|gidfn|igdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertata typis italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere#&#123;&#123;Res de opere&#125;&#125;|Res de opere]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ores}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight>). Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lres}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lres/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram typisque italicis&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram typisque italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lires}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram typisque italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|loires}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]] {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|loires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Subres#&#123;&#123;Subres&#125;&#125;|Subres]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|idfn}} Utere hac formula ut ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>''...''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis definitionis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == {{[[Formula:Res tacita#&#123;&#123;Res tacita&#125;&#125;|Res tacita]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|tres|tdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam, '''typis ordinariis a te melius intra formulam definitis''', scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ ...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est... Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula rem dissertatam scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Sgr A*", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Sagittarius A*", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "sgr-a", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML <code>&lt;dfn&gt;...&lt;/dfn&gt;</code> == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud has formulas attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae humanae == * {{Fn|Res/haec}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis/haec}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum]] * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Var}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> qovcc5i4wy1raolipg6wkz5ezr1iv11 3986307 3986306 2026-09-07T00:37:23Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:Vicitextus concors|Vicitextus concors]]}} 3986307 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis|proprietas=distributa}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Vicitextus concors | Res | Res typis italicis | Res de opere | Res ad litteram | Res ad litteram typisque italicis | Res de opere quod sic incipit | Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis | Subres | Res tacita }} Hic nonnullae formulae, ad rem in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam indicandam excogitatae (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>), colliguntur: * {{[[Formula:Res#&#123;&#123;Res&#125;&#125;|Res]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res typis italicis]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res de opere#&#123;&#123;Res de opere&#125;&#125;|Res de opere]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram typisque italicis&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram typisque italicis]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]}} * {{[[Formula:Subres#&#123;&#123;Subres&#125;&#125;|Subres]]}} * {{[[Formula:Res tacita#&#123;&#123;Res tacita&#125;&#125;|Res tacita]]}} Formula usitatissima est {{Fn|Res}}. Si tamen res est ''nomen proprium operis artis'', formula {{Fn|Res de opere}} adhiberi solet. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[species (taxinomia)|species animalium]], formula {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} scribitur. Si res dissertata est ''initium sententiae'', ad verba intra virgulas curvas ostendenda, mos est formulis {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} aut {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} uti, prout qua lingua pagina scripta sit. Porro, si res dissertata est ''nomen operis artis quod titulum e primis verbis trahit'', formulae {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} aut {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} usurpantur, prout qua lingua opus scriptum sit. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si autem rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Nonnullae ex his formulis titulus peculiaribus typis requirunt: * Formulae {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} adhiberi solent * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet {{Nota bene}} Si plura de nota HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> legere vis, vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]) {{Nota bene}} Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. == {{[[Formula:Res#&#123;&#123;Res&#125;&#125;|Res]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|gdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem ordinariam in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''...'''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|res/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ires|res italice|gidfn|igdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertata typis italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere#&#123;&#123;Res de opere&#125;&#125;|Res de opere]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ores}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight>). Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lres}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lres/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram typisque italicis&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram typisque italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lires}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram typisque italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|loires}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]] {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|loires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Subres#&#123;&#123;Subres&#125;&#125;|Subres]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|idfn}} Utere hac formula ut ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>''...''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis definitionis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == {{[[Formula:Res tacita#&#123;&#123;Res tacita&#125;&#125;|Res tacita]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|tres|tdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam, '''typis ordinariis a te melius intra formulam definitis''', scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ ...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est... Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula rem dissertatam scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Sgr A*", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Sagittarius A*", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "sgr-a", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML <code>&lt;dfn&gt;...&lt;/dfn&gt;</code> == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud has formulas attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae humanae == * {{Fn|Res/haec}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis/haec}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum]] * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Var}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> r0uawie6yd4c6l9tnjevtulh7ma0jl9 3986308 3986307 2026-09-07T00:38:37Z Grufo 64423 3986308 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis|proprietas=distributa}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Vicitextus concors | Res | Res typis italicis | Res de opere | Res ad litteram | Res ad litteram typisque italicis | Res de opere quod sic incipit | Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis | Subres | Res tacita }} Hic nonnullae formulae, ad rem in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam indicandam excogitatae (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>), colliguntur: * {{Fn|Res}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res typis italicis&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res de opere}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res de opere&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram typisque italicis&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Subres}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Subres&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) * {{Fn|Res tacita}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res tacita&#125;&#125;|inspice]]) Formula usitatissima est {{Fn|Res}}. Si tamen res est ''nomen proprium operis artis'', formula {{Fn|Res de opere}} adhiberi solet. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[species (taxinomia)|species animalium]], formula {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} scribitur. Si res dissertata est ''initium sententiae'', ad verba intra virgulas curvas ostendenda, mos est formulis {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} aut {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} uti, prout qua lingua pagina scripta sit. Porro, si res dissertata est ''nomen operis artis quod titulum e primis verbis trahit'', formulae {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} aut {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} usurpantur, prout qua lingua opus scriptum sit. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si autem rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Nonnullae ex his formulis titulus peculiaribus typis requirunt: * Formulae {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} adhiberi solent * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet {{Nota bene}} Si plura de nota HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> legere vis, vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]) {{Nota bene}} Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. == {{[[Formula:Res#&#123;&#123;Res&#125;&#125;|Res]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|gdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem ordinariam in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''...'''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|res/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ires|res italice|gidfn|igdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertata typis italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere#&#123;&#123;Res de opere&#125;&#125;|Res de opere]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ores}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight>). Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lres}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lres/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram typisque italicis&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram typisque italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lires}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram typisque italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|loires}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]] {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|loires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Subres#&#123;&#123;Subres&#125;&#125;|Subres]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|idfn}} Utere hac formula ut ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>''...''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis definitionis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == {{[[Formula:Res tacita#&#123;&#123;Res tacita&#125;&#125;|Res tacita]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|tres|tdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam, '''typis ordinariis a te melius intra formulam definitis''', scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ ...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est... Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula rem dissertatam scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Sgr A*", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Sagittarius A*", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "sgr-a", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML <code>&lt;dfn&gt;...&lt;/dfn&gt;</code> == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud has formulas attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae humanae == * {{Fn|Res/haec}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis/haec}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum]] * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Var}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 435o9rux8wn9z8870bmnhvw6c5ibkpl 3986310 3986308 2026-09-07T00:45:24Z Grufo 64423 3986310 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis|proprietas=distributa}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Vicitextus concors | Res | Res typis italicis | Res de opere | Res ad litteram | Res ad litteram typisque italicis | Res de opere quod sic incipit | Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis | Subres | Res tacita }} Hic nonnullae formulae, ad rem in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam indicandam excogitatae (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>), colliguntur: * {{Fn|Res}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res&#125;&#125;|de usu]]) * {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res typis italicis&#125;&#125;|de usu]]) * {{Fn|Res de opere}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res de opere&#125;&#125;|de usu]]) * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram&#125;&#125;|de usu]]) * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram typisque italicis&#125;&#125;|de usu]]) * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit&#125;&#125;|de usu]]) * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis&#125;&#125;|de usu]]) * {{Fn|Subres}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Subres&#125;&#125;|de usu]]) * {{Fn|Res tacita}} ([[#&#123;&#123;Res tacita&#125;&#125;|de usu]]) Formula usitatissima est {{Fn|Res}}. Si tamen res est ''nomen proprium operis artis'', formula {{Fn|Res de opere}} adhiberi solet. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[species (taxinomia)|species animalium]], formula {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} scribitur. Si res dissertata est ''initium sententiae'', ad verba intra virgulas curvas ostendenda, mos est formulis {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} aut {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} uti, prout qua lingua pagina scripta sit. Porro, si res dissertata est ''nomen operis artis quod titulum e primis verbis trahit'', formulae {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} aut {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} usurpantur, prout qua lingua opus scriptum sit. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si autem rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Nonnullae ex his formulis titulus peculiaribus typis requirunt: * Formulae {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} adhiberi solent * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet * Formulae {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} et {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis}} unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} adhiberi solet {{Nota bene}} Si plura de nota HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="...">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> legere vis, vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]) {{Nota bene}} Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. == {{[[Formula:Res#&#123;&#123;Res&#125;&#125;|Res]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|gdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem ordinariam in pagina vel in capitulo suo dissertatam scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''...'''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|res/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ires|res italice|gidfn|igdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertata typis italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere#&#123;&#123;Res de opere&#125;&#125;|Res de opere]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|ores}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight>). Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lres}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lres|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lres/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis#&#123;&#123;Res ad litteram typisque italicis&#125;&#125;|Res ad litteram typisque italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lires}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam ad litteram typisque italicis—{{*eg}} quia verba barbara, vel citatio, vel [[adagium]], etc.—scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">...</dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|Si tibi placet}} est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lires|S.T.B.|plene=Si tibi placet}} ({{i|si tibi placet}}) est idioma Latinum quod spontem in cuiusdam actione indicat. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis#&#123;&#123;Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis&#125;&#125;|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|loires}} {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia|{{#ifeq:{{Haec formula}}|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|#}}propositum=exhibitio}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight>). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''''...'''''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]] {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|loires/h}}</code>. == {{[[Formula:Subres#&#123;&#123;Subres&#125;&#125;|Subres]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|idfn}} Utere hac formula ut ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>''...''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis definitionis tantum. === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{subres|Sgr A*|plene=Sagittarius A*}} est foramen nigrum supermassivum in centro Viae lacteae situm. Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == {{[[Formula:Res tacita#&#123;&#123;Res tacita&#125;&#125;|Res tacita]]}} == {{Compendia formulae|tres|tdfn}} Utere hac formula ut rem dissertatam, '''typis ordinariis a te melius intra formulam definitis''', scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>). === De usu === * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ ...vel {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}} est... Exemplum usus formulae {{Fn|Res}} una cum formulis {{Fn|tres}} et {{Fn|Subres}}: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ...</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{res|Computatrum}}, sive {{tres|(instrumentum) '''computatorium'''}}, sive {{res|ordinatrum}}, est machina digitalis et electronica ... {{subres|Apparatus computatralis}} est congeries elementorum quae computatrum formant ... == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula rem dissertatam scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Sgr A*", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Sagittarius A*", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "sgr-a", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML <code>&lt;dfn&gt;...&lt;/dfn&gt;</code> == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud has formulas attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae humanae == * {{Fn|Res/haec}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram/haec}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis/haec}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum]] * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus}} * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Var}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 1yslhfajram4e0f6e4du1rsjbc8gjv6 Formula:Subres 10 309422 3986290 3836227 2026-09-07T00:17:59Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986290 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | <dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:inherit;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn> | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> gji1ij7jxpq8ihc5nakg12rw6c6cgk3 Formula:Res typis italicis 10 310768 3986285 3836222 2026-09-07T00:16:46Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986285 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} |<dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn> |{{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> e61zs04tamipyaxpr7pcgdnddnr4rde 3986294 3986285 2026-09-07T00:19:21Z Grufo 64423 3986294 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | <dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn> | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> bkwmki5a876on3xenfjqq826ukipjsu Formula:Res tacita 10 310887 3986291 3836221 2026-09-07T00:18:13Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986291 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | <dfn style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn> | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> ow9ia1etcai8d4rgfsiukzijlhb691r Formula:Res/haec 10 311077 3986299 3836275 2026-09-07T00:25:20Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3986299 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />Substitutio requisita | 1 = {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{substitutio|}}}|plena | {{safesubst:<noinclude />Res|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}|plene={{{plene|}}}|ancora={{{ancora|}}}|class={{{class|}}}|lingua={{{lingua|}}}}} | {{Res|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}plene={{{plene}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}ancora={{{ancora}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}class={{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}lingua={{{lingua}}}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 2ju9h4yix5u7vjl4am255xr4a51mo5y Formula:Res typis italicis/haec 10 311084 3986298 3836273 2026-09-07T00:25:06Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3986298 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />Substitutio requisita | 1 = {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{substitutio|}}}|plena | {{safesubst:<noinclude />Res typis italicis|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}|plene={{{plene|}}}|ancora={{{ancora|}}}|class={{{class|}}}|lingua={{{lingua|}}}}} | {{Res typis italicis|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}plene={{{plene}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}ancora={{{ancora}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}class={{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}lingua={{{lingua}}}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 8fdyqaty7cgwesu96zc7ed67ikyc4i5 Myosinum 0 311137 3986250 3817856 2026-09-06T21:25:25Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3986250 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Miosin conformational change.gif|thumb|Myosinum in actu.]] '''Myosinum''' (a radice Graeca ''myo-'' '[[musculus|musculus]]') est familia [[proteina|proteinarum]] motoriarum quae [[ATP]] [[hydrolysis|hydrolyzant]] atque [[energia|energia]] ita liberata utuntur ad [[vis|vim]] [[actinum|actini]] {{Creanda|en|Myofilament|Myofilamentum|filamentis}} adhibendam ac [[motus|motum]] efficiendum. Sive [[dimerum (chemia)|dimerum]] sive monomerum esse potestː cum dimerum, caudam praebet e duabus catenis polypeptidicis invicem circumvolutis constantem quarum utraque caput globosum in diversam directionem spectans gerit. Illa capita loca praestant quae ATP et actinum ligant. In [[myocytus|myocytorum]] [[sarcomerum|sarcomeris]] [[molecula|moleculae]] myosini in crassa filamenta conglutinantur e quibus capita extrinsecus spectant ita ut cum tenuibus filamentis actini certo ordine alternent et contractum musculi efficere possint. Alia myosina sunt monomera quae vesiculas intracellulares in microfilamentis vehuntː magni momenti sunt in [[endocytosis|endocytosi]] et [[exocytosis|exocytosi]]. E tenui cauda et capite globoso constant. == De structura moleculari == [[Fasciculus:Sarcomere.svg|thumb|Sarcomerum in musculoː crassa filamenta myosini rubeo colore insignia sunt inter caerulea filamenta actini.]] [[Fasciculus:Myosine.gif|thumb|Dimerum myosini II.]] Sunt plures quam viginti myosinorum species quae in paene omnibus [[Eukaryota|eukaryotarum]] cellulis versantur<ref>M. Amanda Hartman and James A. Spudich, "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3346823/ The myosin superfamily at a glance]", ''J Cell Sci.'', 2012 : 1627–1632.</ref>. In myocytis myosinum II [[Massa|massam]] 540 chilodaltonum habet. Molecula tripertita estː cauda duplicis helicis speciem praebet, collum helicis simplicis quae tamen saepe levibus catenis circumvolutis firmatur, caput in quo [[Chemia|chemicae]] [[Reactio chemica|reactiones]] geruntur globosum est. Collum instar [[Vectis|vectis]] agit atque capitis motum amplificat ita ut alternatim actino adhaereat ac deinde removeatur et progrediens alteri loco longius in eodem filamento adhaereat. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes == *Charlotte Pratt et Kathleen Cornely, ''Essential Biochemistry'', Wiley, 2018ː V.3. In versione Francogallica, De Boeck, 2019 pp.141-144. == Plura legere si cupis == *F. Jon Kull et Sharyn A. Endow, "[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3603507/ Force generation by kinesin and myosin cytoskeletal motor proteins]", ''Journal of Cell Science'', 2013: 9–19. == Nexus externi == *[https://web.archive.org/web/20240130153911/https://svt.enseigne.ac-lyon.fr/spip/?Mouvements-de-la-myosine-sur-l-actine Myosinum et actinum (Francogallice)] *[https://www.bing.com/videos/riverview/relatedvideo?&q=myosine&qpvt=myosine&mid=3D0E6CC3F6C2950E00C63D0E6CC3F6C2950E00C6&&FORM=VRDGAR Lectio audienda et videnda] [[Categoria:Proteinae]] [[Categoria:Cytologia]] [[Categoria:Biochemia]] [[Categoria:Musculi]] 5oabamtw1unbr1ym8pnitn3rfdnviqi Formula:Res de opere 10 312733 3986286 3981956 2026-09-07T00:17:01Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986286 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | <dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera omnia]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> jobrmrvjfudvnluad1047ck1jbb406x Formula:Res de opere/haec 10 312736 3986296 3836271 2026-09-07T00:23:30Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3986296 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />Substitutio requisita | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{substitutio|}}}|plena | {{safesubst:<noinclude />Res de opere|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}|plene={{{plene|}}}|ancora={{{ancora|}}}|class={{{class|}}}|lingua={{{lingua|}}}}} | {{Res de opere|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}plene={{{plene}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}ancora={{{ancora}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}class={{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}lingua={{{lingua}}}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> ttggtyp6k5g3f6fx9t2ac0agwx27txa 3986297 3986296 2026-09-07T00:24:35Z Grufo 64423 3986297 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />Substitutio requisita | 1 = {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{substitutio|}}}|plena | {{safesubst:<noinclude />Res de opere|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}|plene={{{plene|}}}|ancora={{{ancora|}}}|class={{{class|}}}|lingua={{{lingua|}}}}} | {{Res de opere|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}plene={{{plene}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}ancora={{{ancora}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}class={{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}lingua={{{lingua}}}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 82eh269w7haddtlotep6us7lqwv2f0o Formula:Pagina fontibus carens 10 314496 3986180 3892031 2026-09-06T14:31:19Z Grufo 64423 “Huic paginae nimis pauci fontes sunt” → “Huic paginae sunt nimis pauci fontes” 3986180 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa annuntiationis | imago = Question book-old-new.svg | color = #f28600 | 1 = '''Huic paginae sunt nimis pauci fontes''' Sodes, [[Specialis:EditPage/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|adiuva ad paginam meliorem faciendam]] aliquos [[Vicipaedia:Fons|fontes]] addendo. Commentationes sine fontibus facile deleri possunt. }}{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae fontibus carentes]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> f78vro8pb94x84h0uyzmcih1zcc8tzb Gisella Mozeria 0 316392 3986322 3917280 2026-09-07T07:40:43Z MGEdit61 214456 3986322 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Gisella Mózer''' ([[Hungarice]] ''Mózer Gizella Anna,'' nata in [[Hungaria]] die [[20 Martii]] [[1943]]) est [[artifex]] Hungarica, praeclara in [[ars tapisserii|arte tapisserii]], [[broderia]]e, et [[gobelinus|gobelini]]. Una e praestantissimis artibus textilibus in patria habetur, cuius opera technicas a posteris traditis cum proprietatibus hodiernis iungunt, stilum singularem et agnitum creando.<ref name=":0">[https://www.libri.hu/konyv/kaiser_otto.a-magyar-nepmuveszet-1000-csodaja.html Kaiser Ottó: A magyar népművészet 1000 csodája Könyv, Kaiser Ottó.]</ref><ref name=":1">Szendrey Ákos, Szendrey Zsigmond: Magyar néphit- és népszokás lexikon (2024, Tortoma Kiadó).</ref><ref name=":2">[https://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/results?firstName=gizella&lastName=mozer Gizella Mozer Family History Records - Ancestry®].</ref><ref name=":3">[https://magyar-iparmuveszet.hu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/MI_2022_1_WEB.pdf magyar-iparmuveszet.hu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/MI_2022_1_WEB.pdf].</ref> == Adulescentia et formatio == Gisella in Hungaria nata est, ubi in ambitu [[ars|artibus]] et creativitati{{dubsig}} faventi crevit. Ab ipso [[pueritia]]e tempore, studium ad artes textiles demonstravit, broderiam, [[sutura]]m, et [[crotchium]]{{dubsig}} discens. Hae primae [[experientia]]e fundamentum futurae artis vitae eius posuerunt, eamque in altam artium textilium explorationem duxerunt.<ref name=":3" /> Formavit se per disciplinam specialem, artes suas et technicam evolvens, dum varias accessiones traditionales tapisserii et broderiae studiut.<ref name=":0" /> == Carriera Artifica == === Ars Gobelini === Gisella est una ex maximis artificibus moderni gobelini in Hungaria. Carriera{{dubsig}} eius celeriter eminet ob facultatem suam ad adaptandas technicas tapisserii traditas ad formas contemporaneas. Opus eius saepe plenum est divitiis oculorum et complexitatis{{dubsig}} technicae, quae eam in hoc campo eminentem faciunt.<ref name=":1" /> Multam partem vitae suae artifex gobelinum Hungaricum traditum interpretando dedicavit, dum elementa moderna inserendo, [[vocabularium]] oculorum huius artis latius extendit.<ref name=":1" /> === Coniunctio Technicarum Traditionum et Modernarum === Gisellam a ceteris artifex{{dubsig}} distinguit, est eius facultas combinandi{{dubsig}} technicas antiquas cum curis modernis. Audet mixturam tapisserii gobelini cum elementis sculpturae et influentiis{{dubsig}} visualibus motuum artium modernorum. Haec accessio unica ei permittit creandi{{dubsig}} opera quae normas provocatione attingunt, dum [[traditio]]nes artis textile{{dubsig}} servat.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> == Stilus et Influencia{{dubsig}} == Gisella est agnita{{dubsig}} pro stilo suo distinctivo, qui formas geometrico-complexas, subtili colorum usu et textura diviti, quae profunditatem operibus suis dat, characterizat{{dubsig}}.<ref name=":3" /> Tapisseriae eius non sunt tantum ornamenta decorativa, sed etiam artificia profunda significabilia.<ref name=":1" /> Illam influentiam{{dubsig}} multi artifices Hungarici et internationales inveniunt in operibus suis, quae fontem inspirationis praebet pro propriis artibus.<ref name=":0" /> == Exhibitiones et recognitio == Durante carriera{{dubsig}} sua, Gisella opera sua in multis [[exhibitio]]nibus in Hungaria et extra terram ostendit. Opus eius ab criticis laudatum est et multa praemia accepit pro contributione{{dubsig}} sua ad artem textilibus et tapisserii.<ref name=":2" /> Est etiam implicata in [[doctrina]] aliorum artificum et in consiliis educationalibus, suam peritiam et experientiam cum iuvenibus generationibus{{dubsig}} communicando. == Conclusio{{dubsig}} == Gisella una ex artificibus maximis in arte textili manet. Facultas sua ad traditionem et modernitatem coniungendas, necnon eius studium ad artem gobelini servandum et reinveniendo, eam faciunt figuram interiorem in arte Hungarica et internationali.<ref name=":0" /> == Notae == <references/>{{dubcat}} gamkuqk02d287ug4ejb1lptl7fxq7j6 Formula:Res ad litteram 10 319791 3986287 3908441 2026-09-07T00:17:14Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986287 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} |“<dfn style="font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn>” |{{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> jq2loduamddntx5rx8cr12we8c5g85k 3986293 3986287 2026-09-07T00:18:59Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986293 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | “<dfn style="font-style:normal;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn>” | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> 8uiqzhx4mvmwvwldvlm555ltkmbv74d Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis 10 319792 3986288 3908442 2026-09-07T00:17:24Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986288 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} |“<dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn>” |{{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> m94wzu5z4o5mhy4rahpplgpmb17vvbn 3986292 3986288 2026-09-07T00:18:38Z Grufo 64423 3986292 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | “<dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}">{{{1}}}</dfn>” | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> n0o43ej5h2w19zt9qqlslo1ks8bfo95 Captus amore gravi 0 324444 3986309 3971605 2026-09-07T00:43:50Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3986309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus ad litteram}} {{Pagina principalis|Index Carminum Buranorum}} {{Carmen Carminum Buranorum | titulus = | imago = | descriptio = | categoria = | numerus = | auctor = | argumenta = | tempus = | lingua = | contextus = | praecedens = | sequens = }} {{lres|Captus amore gravi}} est initium [[carmen|carminis]] a [[Goliardia|discipulis vagantibus]] [[Latinitas medii aevi|Latine]] scripti, quod in codice [[Carmina Burana|Carminum Buranorum]] sub numero LX reperitur.<ref name="Carminamatoria56-70">{{Opus | titulus = Carmina amatoria 56–70 | url = https://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost13/CarminaBurana/bur_cam1.html }}.</ref> == Textus == {{Versus numerati| {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|1a.}}Captus amore gravi me parem rebar avi fede revincte lari, que procul ethra videt nec modulando silet, inde perire libet. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|1b.}}. . . . . . . . . . . . . . psallere, virgo, pridem, non semper hec ibidem, quam scrutabundus amor notarat et amaror. hinc ortus ille clamor. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|2a.}}Est bilis amarissima, qualem gignit Sardonia, {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|2b.}}In incentivo Veneris eiusque miri generis {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|2c.}}Militiam proponere, non posse votum solvere. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|2d.}}Hec, ecce, virgo inclita, tibi notabis edita: {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|3.}}Amor instillat, quare te, virgo, salutare velim; sed onus grave videris acerbare, {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|4.}}Dum affligis immeritum, grave ferens imperium, vilipendens obloquium, me minans in interitum, fidem promittens alteri, contradicendo Cypridi. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|5a.}}Ecce querimonia, quam genuit amor; me misit in suspiria Venereus favor. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|5b.}}Cuncta sprevi virginum ego tripudia, te volens michi iungere. modo diludia {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|5c.}}Quesivique gratiam; sed iam alterius captas benivolentiam; quo nil deterius {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|6a.}}Queo fari. nec solari me curat Glycerium; {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|6b.}}Me fastidit et allidit, estimans inglorium. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|6c.}}Bella gero cum severo Cypridis ob meritum. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|7a.}}Dum mens unam te recolit famaque nefas comperit, pupilla fletum protulit; iam expedit, ut vera loquamur. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|7b.}}Amaveram pre ceteris te, sed amici veteris es iam oblita; superis vel inferis ream te criminamur? {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|8a.}}Dolor, fletus, ire, metus tremebundis artubus simul incubuere. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|8b.}}Pre dolore verso more canticum conticuit; nil restat nisi flere. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|8c.}}Sorte dira pendet lyra, spreta luget. Atropos filum cessavit nere. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|9.}}Me mergis hic, cum sis illic; nutando sic non stabis hic. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|10.}}Sed lubrica contagia te gaudes insectari; prostibulum patibulo iam meruit piari. en, oro te per superos: tibi ames obnoxios; reclude secretarios, quos nil iuvat amari! {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|11.}}Si lethargum vite insectabor lite, † hanc colis rite, † et ego te in soliloquiorum carmine canebam, te unam sapiebam, idque iustum rebar; sed nichil audis horum. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|12.}}Michi te subdideras et amore iunxeras fallentis vite semitas, et te ita subverteras, ut redimam me vivere presumptuosa temere amores vi transponeres, ut cor meum contereres. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|13a.}}Usque quo te perferam, quam premit emulatio? {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|13b.}}Ut quid agis perperam, o dira simulatio? {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|14a.}}Ex fraudibus alternis et ignominia cur emula superbis, bifrons, ingloria? {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|14b.}}Cum federa discerpis, o preceps nimia, te funditus evertis ceu Bachanaria. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|15.}}Si balbi more veritus nil ausim fari penitus, † obnixeram emeritus, quem captat hic interitus. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|16.}}O Cypris alma, conspice tue clientem opere penamque nobis exime, quam patimur indebite! tu lamiam interripe eiusque rixas opprime!<ref name="Carminamatoria56-70"/> }} == Descriptio == Hoc carmen ad sectionem amatoriam pertinet et querimoniam amantis de puella infideli exprimit, quae veteris amoris oblita ad alium animum flexit. Poëta varios affectūs describit, inter quos dolor, fletus, et ira prominent, etiam numina mythologica, velut [[Aphrodite|Cypridem]], [[Venus (dea)|Venerem]], et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Atropos|Atropon|en|qid=Q753294}}, ita invocans ut auxilium ferant vel fati crudelitatem significent. Textus, multis strophis compositus, non solum de amoris amaritudine loquitur, sed etiam de perfidia et simulatione feminae, quam auctor “lamiam” et “bifrontem” appellat.<ref name="Carminamatoria56-70"/> In hoc opere, goliardica elocutio rhetoricam classicam cum affectibus vehementioribus miscet, ubi amans se captum et prope interitum esse profitetur. Querela precibus ad [[Aphrodite|Cypridem]] directis ita desinit, ut amantis poenam eximat et puellae insolentiam tandem comprimat.<ref name="Carminamatoria56-70"/> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{Ecce citatio | id = Lehtonen, 1995 | c = {{Opus | cognomen = Lehtonen | nomen = Thomas Martinus Samuel | nomenclatura = compendiaria | titulus = Fortuna, Money, and the Sublunar World: Eleventh-century Ethical Thought as a Paradigm for Late Medieval Moral Philosophy | annus = 1995 | lingua = en | locus = [[Helsingia (Finnia)|Helsingiae]] | domus editoria = [[Societas Litterarum Finnicarum]] | isbn = 978-951-717-846-4 }} }} {{Carmina Burana}} [[Categoria:Index Carminum Buranorum]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]] drv8jhxx00t1bub8enp649gpu58ukz0 Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit 10 325391 3986289 3981950 2026-09-07T00:17:35Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986289 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | “<dfn style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>”{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera omnia]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> t4imx4oo10ld1gg15owy08mw3k0xfod Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis 10 325395 3986279 3981953 2026-09-07T00:11:52Z Grufo 64423 Grufo movit paginam [[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis]] ad [[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]]: Mendam in titulo correxi 3981953 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | “<dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>”{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera omnia]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 4c79f4swh90szizranx1y8u3r0xewwp 3986283 3986279 2026-09-07T00:16:03Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem plurium similium formularum in unam redegi 3986283 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | “<dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>”{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera omnia]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Res/doc}}</noinclude> somhxayxatp0ci1865lhg3ut2d0yyxp Formula:Loires 10 325396 3986281 3962990 2026-09-07T00:12:28Z Grufo 64423 Duplam redirectionem correxi 3986281 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis]] 7za6en5qmelfbtcg7awecaq92us8zne Adumbratio:Serial Experiments Lain 118 327147 3986178 3986109 2026-09-06T14:29:28Z Grufo 64423 -Cat 3986178 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{Adumbratio}}</noinclude>{{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Serial Experiments Lain unofficial logo.svg|thumb|[[Logotypus]] Serial Experiments Lain.]] {{ores|Serial Experiments Lain}} ([[Iaponice]] {{scriptura|lingua=ja|シリアルエクスペリメンツレイン}} ''Shiriaru ekusuperimentsu Rein'') est [[anime]] [[Iaponia|Iaponicum]]. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Yasuyuki Ueda||en|qid=Q5976785}} et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Chiaki J. Konaka||en|qid=Q2712289}} creaverunt, atque [[TV Tokyo]] a mense Iulio ad Septembrem divulgavit, {{Latinitas dolet|pro episodia XIII}}. Series puellam adulescentem Iaponicam Lain Iwakura et “The Wired” narrat, quod est [[Interrete|Interreti]] simile. ''Serial Experiments Lain'' habet themata phantastica, et explorat veritatem et identitatem et communicationem et theorias coniuratas. ''Serial Experiments Lain'' laudatur summe pro thematibus et arte et relevans interreti. == Argumentum == Lain Iwakura est puella solitaria Iaponica, qui habuit in [[Setagaya Districta|Setagaya Districta]], Tokyo. Epistulam electronicam acceptit a condiscipula Chisa Yomoda, qui se interfecit nuper. Lain utitur non technologiam, sed aperit electronicam epsistulam. Post hoc, Lain in The Wired immersus est. Interdum viri insoliti qui nominatur "Men in black" sequitur Lainam. Viri sciunt multam de Lain, et eam interrogat. Fines Wired et fines mundi evanescit, et Lain submergitur in The Wired. In fine, Lain restituit mundum, delet memorias totis eius. Mundus normalis est iam, sed Lain oblitus est in aeternum. Quamquam ire poset usquam, et habet solacium quia beatorum omnium. == Receptio == ''Serial Experiments Lain'' describitur saepe est ut 'insolitus' et 'maestus', atque amatur pro commentario eo de [[Interrete|Interreto]]. Etiam relatio eius ad identitatem et philosophiam et vitam. == Cultura et communitas == ''Serial Experiments Lain '' habet fautores devotos, quamquam parvus aliquantum quantitas fautoris sunt. Fautores Laini in Interreto sunt praecipue, per situs qualis [[Reddit]] et [[4chan]] et [[Lainchan]]. == Nexus externi == * {{Titulus in Indice Interretiali Pellicularum|0500092|Serial Experiments Lain}} * [https://www.nbcuni.co.jp/rondorobe/anime/lain/ Situs officialis praesens Iaponicus] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160124020349/http://www.geneon-ent.co.jp/rondorobe/anime/lain/ Situs officialis vetus Iaponicus, in Web Archive] * [https://mebious.neocities.org/ Mebious, situs fautor] * [https://www.lainchan.org/ Lainchan] <!-- [[Categoria:Anime]] --> admnmwt3q7sed5k4ddd9h8ybkq5aff4 Alexander Danilin 0 327789 3986201 3981955 2026-09-06T16:51:24Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 3 books for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Alexander Gennadii filius Danilin}} ([[Russice]] Алекса́ндр Генна́диевич Дани́лин, ''Alexandr Gennadievich Danilin''; natus die [[12 Martii]] [[1960]]; mortuus die [[15 Augusti]] [[2026]]) fuit [[psychologus|psychotherapeuta]] et [[psychiater]] [[Russia|Russicus]]. In consilio [[addictio]]nis peritus erat et [[scriptor]] fecundus erat. == Opera == * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=LSD: галлюциногены, психоделия и феномен зависимости|year=2001|publisher=ЗАО Изд-во Центрполиграф|location=Москва|isbn=5-227-01464-7|url=http://www.christianstvo.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/lsd.pdf}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Человек зависимый|year=2009|publisher=Зебра|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-94663-895-1}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Прорыв в гениальность|year=2008|publisher=Вершина|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-9626-0439-8}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Поиск видения|url=https://archive.org/details/poiskvidenija1iz0000dani|year=2010|publisher=АСТ, Зебра Е|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-94663-974-3}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Поиск видения-2. Языческая встреча|url=https://archive.org/details/poiskvidenija2ja0000dani|year=2010|publisher=АСТ, Зебра Е|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-94663-975-0}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Таблетка от смерти|year=2010|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-89516-212-5}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Ключи к смыслу жизни|year=2010|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-9902121-3-8}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=INFERNO: Испытания души|year=2011|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-9902121-1-4}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Ключи к смыслу жизни|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9785990212169|year=2011|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-9902121-6-9}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Вопросы психотерапевту. Отвечает доктор Александр Данилин + CD|year=2012|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-905670-02-2}} == Nexus externi == * [http://www.serebniti.ru/ Situs interretialis] {{Anni vitae|1960|2026|Danilin, Alexander Gennadii filius}} [[Categoria:Incolae Moscuae]] [[Categoria:Psychiatri Russiae]] [[Categoria:Psychologi Russiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Russiae]] 8tmst2n581r6u89h1efsdqowwbus13y Categoria:Opera omnia 14 327790 3986282 3981958 2026-09-07T00:13:40Z Grufo 64423 Mendam correxi 3986282 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria formulis quoque suppleta | Res de opere | Res de opere quod sic incipit | Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis }} [[Categoria:Omnia]] r00wojn4hi3f6jdijbz2rzqg7c5j9hf Martinus Seligman 0 327794 3986199 3981970 2026-09-06T16:42:53Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20260906)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3986199 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Martinus Elias Petrus Seligman}} (natus [[Albania (Novum Eboracum)|Albaniae]] die [[12 Augusti]] [[1942]]) est [[psychologus]] [[CFA|Americanus]]. [[Psychologia positiva]] et [[impotentia docta]] notus est. Alumnus [[Universitas Princetoniensis|Universitatis Princetoniensis]] et [[Universitas Pennsylvaniensis|Universitatis Pennsylvaniensis]] est. [[Professor]] Universitatis Pennsylvaniensis est. Praeses [[Societas Psychologicae Americanae|Societatis Psychologicae Americanae]] anno [[1998]] erat. == Opera == * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Helplessness: On Depression, Development, and Death |publisher=W.H. Freeman |location=Franciscopoli |year=1975 |isbn=978-0-7167-0752-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/helplessnessonde00seli }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Learned Optimism: How to Change Your Mind and Your Life |publisher=Knopf |location=Novi Eboraci |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-671-01911-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qreACUdDAc0C }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=What You Can Change and What You Can't: The Complete Guide to Successful Self-Improvement |publisher=Knopf |location=Novi Eboraci |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-679-41024-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/whatyoucanchange00seli }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=The Optimistic Child: Proven Program to Safeguard Children from Depression & Build Lifelong Resilience |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |location=Novi Eboraci |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-09-183119-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GoMABgcQzs4C}} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Authentic Happiness: Using the New Positive Psychology to Realize Your Potential for Lasting Fulfillment |publisher=Free Press |location=Novi Eboraci |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-7432-2297-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/authentichappine00seli_0|url-access=registration }} * {{cite journal |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Can Happiness be Taught? |journal=Daedalus |volume=133 |issue=2 |pages=80–87 |date=2004 |doi=10.1162/001152604323049424 |s2cid=57570511 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite book |last1=Peterson |first1=Christopher |author-link1=Christopher Peterson (psychologist) |last2=Seligman |first2=Martin E. P. |title=Character Strengths and Virtues |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxoniae |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-19-516701-6 |title-link=Character Strengths and Virtues }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Flourish: A Visionary New Understanding of Happiness and Well-being |publisher=Free Press |location=Novi Eboraci |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4391-9075-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/flourishvisionar0000seli|url-access=registration }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=The Hope Circuit: A Psychologist's Journey from Helplessness to Optimism |url=https://archive.org/details/hopecircuitpsych0000seli |publisher=PublicAffairs |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-61-039873-2 }} * {{cite book |last1=Rosen Kellerman |first1=Gabriella |last2=Seligman |first2=Martin E. P. |title=Tomorrowmind |publisher=Simon Element/Simon Acumen |location=Novi Eboraci |year=2023 |isbn=978-1-98-215976-4 }} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Martin Seligman|Martinum Seligman}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://www.authentichappiness.sas.upenn.edu/ Situs interretialis] {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1942||Seligman, Martinus Elias Petrus}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Princetoniensis]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Pennsylvaniensis]] [[Categoria:Praesides Societatis Psychologicae Americanae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Pennsylvaniensis]] b6bnu3ei5yt3nocspxwwfwtgnuxykbd Bernardus Kemp 0 328239 3986175 3985904 2026-09-06T14:22:08Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3986175 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Bernardus Kemp}} (vulgo ''Bernard Kemp'' seu ''Bernaert Kemp''<ref name=rkd>[https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/480947 Bernard Kemp in Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie]</ref> seu ''Bernart Kemp''; post annum [[1653]] aut post annum [[1674]] mortuus) fuit pictor [[Germania|Germanicus]]. == Biographia == Huius artificis vita parum nota est. [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]], ubi officina tenebat in via Pictorum apud Novum Emporium, de [[1640]] usque ad [[1653]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name="rkd2">{{Opus | titulus = RKD Research | domus editoria = research.rkd.nl | url = https://research.rkd.nl/nl/detail/https%3A%2f%2fdata.rkd.nl%2fartists%2f81168 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-10-01 }}.</ref> aut de [[1650]] usque ad [[1674]]<ref name="ulan">{{Opus | titulus = ULAN Full Record Display (Getty Research) | domus editoria = www.getty.edu | url = https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Bernaert+Kemp&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500721262 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-10-01 }}.</ref> laboravit. [[Gulielmus Dubois]] et [[Vincentius van der Vinne]] artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/><ref name=rkd2/><ref name=ulan/>. == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{Opus | titulus = Bernard Kemp | contextus = Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie | annus = 2025 | lingua = Nederlandice | url = https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/480947 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-09-24 }}. * {{Opus | titulus = Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I) | contextus = Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie | annus = 2025 | lingua = Nederlandice | url = https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-09-24 }}. * {{Opus | titulus = Bernard Kemp | contextus = Union List of Artist Names | annus = 2025 | lingua = Nederlandice | url = https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Bernaert+Kemp&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500721262 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-09-24 }}. {{Bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] h56h894t10dajeowtia49s9w9m2kvhr 3986315 3986175 2026-09-07T05:05:42Z Bartholomite 116968 3986315 wikitext text/x-wiki {{res|Bernardus Kemp}} (vulgo ''Bernard Kemp'' seu ''Bernaert Kemp''<ref name=rkd>[https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/480947 Bernard Kemp in Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie]</ref> seu ''Bernart Kemp''; post annum [[1653]] aut post annum [[1674]] mortuus) fuit pictor [[Germania|Germanicus]]. == Biographia == Huius artificis vita parum nota est. [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]], ubi officina tenebat in via Pictorum apud Novum Emporium, de [[1640]] usque ad [[1653]]<ref name=rkd/><ref name="rkd2">{{Opus | titulus = RKD Research | domus editoria = research.rkd.nl | url = https://research.rkd.nl/nl/detail/https%3A%2f%2fdata.rkd.nl%2fartists%2f81168 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-10-01 }}.</ref> aut de [[1650]] usque ad [[1674]]<ref name="ulan">{{Opus | titulus = ULAN Full Record Display (Getty Research) | domus editoria = www.getty.edu | url = https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Bernaert+Kemp&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500721262 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-10-01 }}.</ref> laboravit. [[Gulielmus Dubois]] et [[Vincentius van der Vinne]] artem picturae ab ipso didicit<ref name=rkd/><ref name=rkd2/><ref name=ulan/>. == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * {{Opus | titulus = Bernard Kemp | contextus = Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie | annus = 2025 | lingua = Nederlandice | url = https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/480947 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-09-24 }}. * {{Opus | titulus = Vincent Laurensz. van der Vinne (I) | contextus = Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie | annus = 2025 | lingua = Nederlandice | url = https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/81168 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-09-24 }}. * {{Opus | titulus = Bernard Kemp | contextus = Union List of Artist Names | annus = 2025 | lingua = Nederlandice | url = https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=Bernaert+Kemp&role=&nation=&prev_page=1&subjectid=500721262 | tempus inspectionis = 2025-09-24 }}. {{Bio-stipula}} {{Nexus interviciales absunt}} {{Anni vitae|1653|1674|Kemp, Bernardus}} [[Categoria:Viri]] [[Categoria:Pictores Germaniae]] pflyprd5esh5nlpdx7o1acb9762y3am Kakenstorf 0 328300 3986156 2026-09-06T12:18:20Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Kakenstorf]] ad [[Kakenstorpium]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3986156 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Kakenstorpium]] 4kfgnnvjrvsv45w2ele5ibagqsih0i7 Kakenstörp 0 328301 3986164 2026-09-06T12:59:21Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Kakenstorpium]] 3986164 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Kakenstorpium]] 4kfgnnvjrvsv45w2ele5ibagqsih0i7 Harchéchamp 0 328303 3986214 2026-09-06T17:17:28Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3986214 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Château du Châtelet à Harchéchamp (1).JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Harchéchamp: [[oppidum]] Châtelet.]] {{res|Harchéchamp}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 87 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. == Civis notabilis == * [[Maria Franciscus Rouyer]] (1765-1824), dux Francicus Revolutionis et Imperii, hic mortuus est. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Harchéchamp|Harchéchamp}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] sksbqasdz8rzvjo9f43xfjuuslmtvji Disputatio:Harchéchamp 1 328304 3986215 2026-09-06T17:18:42Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3986215 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Harchéchamp|238959490}} 4eow9ycwhzqoizni3kjcpfttwdm52wi Haillainville 0 328305 3986216 2026-09-06T17:21:52Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3986216 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Haillainville, Église Saint-Èvre.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Haillainville: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Aper|Sancto Apro]] dicata.]] {{res|Haillainville}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 181 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Haillainville|Haillainville}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] msgubk3hz6g6rsdhd93sqqwswnycpve Disputatio:Haillainville 1 328306 3986217 2026-09-06T17:23:04Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3986217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Haillainville|237541852}} o74u74lgwtj74o61o0rp6vri9ukxagt Kalefeld 0 328307 3986245 2026-09-06T21:02:47Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Kalefeld]] ad [[Calefelda]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3986245 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Calefelda]] 9nemu6j1dy9ad7a4zjjfntaaz9jextz Karwitz 0 328308 3986260 2026-09-06T22:03:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Karwitz]] ad [[Karwicium]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3986260 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Karwicium]] qe15k9gae3x66o617ee2sxbwt0olx16 Karwitium 0 328309 3986262 2026-09-06T22:16:58Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Karwicium]] 3986262 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Karwicium]] qe15k9gae3x66o617ee2sxbwt0olx16 Karwicia 0 328310 3986263 2026-09-06T22:17:40Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Karwicium]] 3986263 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Karwicium]] qe15k9gae3x66o617ee2sxbwt0olx16 Katlenburg-Lindau 0 328311 3986269 2026-09-06T22:56:37Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] ad [[Katlenburgum-Lindavia]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3986269 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Katlenburgum-Lindavia]] 5sgbzgzec539f5rez5w2mbjndv0rtxa Katelnborg-Lindau 0 328312 3986270 2026-09-06T22:58:23Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Katlenburgum-Lindavia]] 3986270 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Katlenburgum-Lindavia]] 5sgbzgzec539f5rez5w2mbjndv0rtxa Formula:Res ad litteram/haec 10 328314 3986300 2026-09-07T00:26:15Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3986300 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />Substitutio requisita | 1 = {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{substitutio|}}}|plena | {{safesubst:<noinclude />Res ad litteram|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}|plene={{{plene|}}}|ancora={{{ancora|}}}|class={{{class|}}}|lingua={{{lingua|}}}}} | {{Res ad litteram|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}plene={{{plene}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}ancora={{{ancora}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}class={{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}lingua={{{lingua}}}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> nqokfe23x8eqxtu6k9ycmffv9l6m5aj Formula:Res ad litteram typisque italicis/haec 10 328315 3986301 2026-09-07T00:26:20Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3986301 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />Substitutio requisita | 1 = {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{substitutio|}}}|plena | {{safesubst:<noinclude />Res ad litteram typisque italicis|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}|plene={{{plene|}}}|ancora={{{ancora|}}}|class={{{class|}}}|lingua={{{lingua|}}}}} | {{Res ad litteram typisque italicis|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}plene={{{plene}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}ancora={{{ancora}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}class={{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}lingua={{{lingua}}}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> o6x6bsbvt5y1p6hdqbluco0koomkzvc Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec 10 328316 3986302 2026-09-07T00:26:28Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3986302 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />Substitutio requisita | 1 = {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{substitutio|}}}|plena | {{safesubst:<noinclude />Res ad litteram typisque italicis|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}|plene={{{plene|}}}|ancora={{{ancora|}}}|class={{{class|}}}|lingua={{{lingua|}}}}} | {{Res ad litteram typisque italicis|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}plene={{{plene}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}ancora={{{ancora}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}class={{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}lingua={{{lingua}}}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> o6x6bsbvt5y1p6hdqbluco0koomkzvc Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typis italicis/haec 10 328317 3986303 2026-09-07T00:26:37Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3986303 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />Substitutio requisita | 1 = {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{substitutio|}}}|plena | {{safesubst:<noinclude />Res de opere|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}|plene={{{plene|}}}|ancora={{{ancora|}}}|class={{{class|}}}|lingua={{{lingua|}}}}} | {{Res de opere|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ARTICLEPAGENAME}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}plene={{{plene}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}ancora={{{ancora}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}class={{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}lingua={{{lingua}}}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 82eh269w7haddtlotep6us7lqwv2f0o Kirchbrak 0 328318 3986352 2026-09-07T11:34:06Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Kirchbrak]] ad [[Bracum]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3986352 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Bracum]] j4eots81gx8pme00oi4i76xjp7aovax Brachium (Saxonia Inferior) 0 328319 3986355 2026-09-07T11:39:57Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Redirigens ad [[Bracum]] 3986355 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Bracum]] j4eots81gx8pme00oi4i76xjp7aovax