Vicipaedia lawiki https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Pagina_prima MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.22 first-letter Media Specialis Disputatio Usor Disputatio Usoris Vicipaedia Disputatio Vicipaediae Fasciculus Disputatio Fasciculi MediaWiki Disputatio MediaWiki Formula Disputatio Formulae Auxilium Disputatio Auxilii Categoria Disputatio Categoriae Porta Disputatio Portae Adumbratio Disputatio Adumbrationis TimedText TimedText talk Modulus Disputatio Moduli Event Event talk Vicipaedia Latina 0 357 3993328 3991730 2026-10-07T11:56:30Z Golden Xavier 174885 /* Nexus externi */ 3993328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{videdis|Vicipaedia (discretiva)}} [[Fasciculus:Wikipedia-logo-v2-la.svg|thumb|[[Signum]] omnium linguarum [[Vicipaedia]]rum textu [[lingua Latina|Latino]] ornatum.]] {{res|Vicipaedīa Latina}}, vel {{res|Vicipaedīa}} tantum, est editio [[Vicipaedia]]e [[Latine]] scripta, et quidem pars [[Vicimedia|societatis Vicimediae]]. Anno [[2013]] mense [[December|Decembri]] numerum {{formatnum:100000}} paginarum superavit. Hodie {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} commentationes et fere {{NUMBEROFACTIVEUSERS}} utentes strenuos habet.<ref>[[Specialis:Census|Census Vicipaediae]].</ref> Vicipaedia Latina scribi coepta est anno [[2002]]. Secundum [[Meta:Language proposal policy|legem]] a collegio [[lingua|linguis]] permittendis ([[Anglice]] ''Language Subcommittee'') die [[21 Octobris]] [[2007]] latam, nullae novae Vicipaediae constitui iam concedentur, nisi talibus exaratae erint [[lingua|linguis]], quibus satis magnus locutorum numerus sit. Qua de causa Vicipaediam [[Meta:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Ancient Greek 2|Graeca antiqua]], altera [[res classicae|lingua classica]], scribendam recusaverunt, at tamen incubationi dederunt. Haec quidem Vicipaedia Latina, quippe quae multis [[annus|annis]] antea lucem primum aspexerit, ista lege non comprehenditur. [[Fasciculus:Naturalishistoria.jpg|thumb|Antiquissima [[encyclopaedia]] [[Latine]] scripta: [[Gaius Plinius Secundus|Plinii]] ''[[Naturalis historia (Plinius)|Naturalis historia]]'' (editio anno [[1669]] edita).]] == Quid sibi velit Vicipaedia Latina == [[Fasciculus:Vicipaedia logo 2013.png|thumb|upright=0.7|left|[[Signum]] Vicipaediae Latinae a fine mensis Decembris 2013 usque ad finem mensis Iulii 2014 adhibitum, in quo [[angelus|angelos]] pusillos pittacium "{{formatnum:100000}} paginarum" tenentes videmus.]] Vicipaedia est opus commune, quo [[encyclopaedia]] libera [[interrete|interretialis]] creetur. Non solum neque imprimis de [[Antiquitas|rebus antiquis]] agit, verum de cunctis rebus encyclopaedicis. A ceteris generis ''[[vici]]'' operibus eo tantum differt, quod lingua Latina utitur in commentationibus conscribendis. Multi sunt qui, cum primum Vicipaediae limina intrant, magnopere mirentur tantas commentationes nostris diebus esse factas lingua, qua nemo iam (aut nondum) utitur [[patrius sermo|patrio sermone]], qua perpauci [[scientia (ratio)|scientiae]] disciplinas doctrinamque suam exponere solent, qua ne [[Ecclesia Catholica|Romana quidem Ecclesia]] in Dei operibus pronuntiandis satis strenue utitur. [[Fasciculus:Lexicon Universale.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Iohannes Iacobus Hofmannus|Hofmanni]] ''[[Lexicon Universale]]'', [[encyclopaedia]] [[lingua Latina|Latina]] usque adhuc maxima, anno [[1698]] edita.]] Variae autem sunt causae quibus adducti tot homines tempus atque studia Vicipaediae largiuntur augendae: * ut '''colant antiquitatis''' mediique aevi '''hereditatem''' sublimem, quae certe peribit nisi perrexerint homines Latinam linguam nec non opera illa lingua exarata discere atque tradere posteris. * ut '''opes ferant eis, qui''' in scholis et universitatibus mundi '''Latinae linguae discendae''' aut docendae '''student.''' * ut suam '''exerceant''' facultatem Latine scribendi et legendi. * ut '''delectentur [[Vicipaedia:De Latinitate|Latinitatis]]''' [[M. Tullius Cicero|Ciceronianae]] '''admiratione''' atque aemulatione. * quod hoc in studio occupatis placet '''res hodiernas vocibus antiquis''' explicare, quo efficitur, ut, cum novo quodam et inusitato more de his rebus ipsis et cogitare et loqui oportuerit, aliter et interdum '''melius intellegi''' videantur. * ut exstet '''vocabularium''', quod omnibus facile sit inventu per interrete, cuius ope sciatur '''quo modo res hodiernae''', quas quidem veteres ignoraverunt, et nomina propria '''Latine redduntur'''. Saepius autem accidit ut consensus de vocibus idoneis non nisi longas post disputationes inveniatur, quarum Vicipaediae memoria semper recordabitur. * ut offerant '''notitias de rebus antiquis''', quae locis veteribus laudatis rebusque '''ipso verbo originali''' designatis nonnunquam clarius illuminantur quam dissertationibus linguis popularibus conscriptis. * quod nostris temporibus, ubi omnium rerum sententiae et rationes poscuntur, ne quid nisi summa efficacitate geratur omnibus παρέργοις abiectis, valde '''placet opus suscipere, quod sensu statim perspicuo caret'''. == De conventiculo vicipaedianorum == [[4 Septembris]] [[2010]] habitum est [[Roma]]e [[Vicipaedia:Conventicula vicipaedianorum/Primum conventiculum: Roma 2010|primum conventiculum Vicipaediae Latinae]] et vicipaediani quattuor ei interfuerunt. == De rebus gestis == :''Vide etiam: [[Historia Vicipaediae Latinae]]'' {{NexInt}} * [[Disputatio Usoris:Lupambulus#De Vicipaedia|Quaestiones et responsa de Vicipaedia]] * [[Vicipaedia:Census]] * [[Vicipaedia:Historia Vicipaediae]] * [[Vicipaedia:Vexillum et Signum|Vexillum et Signum]] == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Latin Wikipedia|Vicipaediam Latinam}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070214122154/http://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/ChartsWikipediaLA.htm Diagrammata Vicipaedianorum] * "[http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/0,1518,485116,00.html Latin Lovers im Vatikan]", ''[[Der Spiegel|Der Spiegel Online]]'', die [[28 Maii]] [[2007]]; aliqua scripta de usu linguae Latinae in [[Vaticanus|Vaticano]], quae ''Vicipaediam'' breviter memorant {{Ling|Theodisce}}. * "[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB119103413731143589 Veni Vidi Wiki: ''Latin Isn't Dead On 'Vicipaedia''']," ''[[Diurnum Murivicense]],'' [[29 Septembris]] [[2007]] {{Ling|Anglice}}. * "[http://www.guardian.co.uk/leaders/story/0,,2182211,00.html ''In praise of . . . Latin'']", ''[[The Guardian]]'', die 3 Octobris 2007, {{Ling|Anglice}}. * "[https://archive.is/20130113143327/www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007%5C10%5C08%5Cstory_8-10-2007_pg3_5 ''LETTER FROM LONDON: Guardian on the loo'']", [[The Daily Times|''The Daily Times'' Pakistanense]], die [[8 Octobris]] [[2007]], {{Ling|Anglice}}. * "[http://blogs.dickinson.edu/dcc/2015/08/20/vicipaedia-latina-encyclopedia-and-community/ Vicipaedia Latina: Encyclopedia and Community]" apud ''DCC: Dickinson College Commentaries'' {{vicipaediae}} [[Categoria:Incepta 2002]] [[Categoria:Situs encyclopaedici]] [[Categoria:Situs Latini]] [[Categoria:Vicimedia]] [[Categoria:Vicipaedia|!]] od22l4phkyzycg297lq3gmgx0l7qxct Informatica 0 377 3993205 3929532 2026-10-06T15:01:10Z Grufo 64423 De usu formulae {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve]]}} 3993205 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Informatics Forum - geograph.org.uk - 990363.jpg|thumb|alt=Informatics Forum|{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Forum Informaticae||en|qid=Q15228671}}, anno [[2008]] confectum, [[investigatio|investigatores]] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Scholae Informaticarum||en|qid=Q843016}} apud [[Universitas Edinburgensis|Universitatem Edinburgensem]] domo excipit.]] [[Fasciculus:Four-rotor-enigma.jpg|thumb|[[Aenigma]], [[machina]] [[computatrum|computatralis]] [[quattuor]] [[rota]]rum, quam [[miles|milites]] in [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum II|Bello Orbis Terrarum II]] adhibebantur.]] {{res|Informatica}}<ref>Vocabulum Latinitatis hodiernae in contextibus praesertim interlinguisticis adhibitum: vide titulos libellorum ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20230701090710/https://sciendo.com/journal/AUSI Acta Universitatis Sapientiae: Informatica]''; ''[https://www.springer.com/journal/236 Acta informatica].''</ref> ({{pns|ae|f||informatica}}) est studium [[systema]]tum [[computatio]]nalium.<ref name=":1">{{Opus | titulus = What is Informatics? University of Edinburgh | url = https://www.ed.ac.uk/files/atoms/files/what20is20informatics.pdf }}.</ref><ref>{{Opus | titulus = INFORMATICS {{!}} Bedeutung im Cambridge Englisch Wörterbuch | url = https://dictionary.cambridge.org/de/worterbuch/englisch/informatics | domus editoria = dictionary.cambridge.org | lingua = de }}.</ref> Secundum Europaeum {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Societas Machinarum Computationalium|Societatis Machinarum Computationalium|en|qid=Q127992}} Concilium et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Informatica Europaea|Informaticam Europaeam|en|qid=Q6030595}}, hoc [[vocabulum]] est [[synonymum]] vocum ''[[scientia computatralis|scientiae computatralis]]'' et ''professionis [[computatio]]nis,''<ref name=":2">{{Opus | titulus = Are We All In The Same Boat? ACM & Informatics Europe | url = https://portalparts.acm.org/hippo/cecereport.pdf }}</ref> ubi [[idea|notio]] maximi momenti est {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|tractatio informationis||en|qid=Q6031164}}.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Opus | titulus = What is Informatics? - Definition from Techopedia | url = http://www.techopedia.com/definition/30332/informatics | domus editoria = Techopedia.com | lingua = en }}.</ref> In variis autem [[civitas|civitatibus]] vel [[cultura|culturis]], [[terminus]] ''informatica,'' praecipue in {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|scientia bibliothecaria||en|qid=Q199655}}, aliam [[significatio (linguistica)|significationem]] habet, ubi synonymo ''[[data|datorum]] [[conservatio datorum|conservatio]]'' et ''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|recuperatio||en|qid=Q816826}}'' prodest.<ref name="Wellisch 157–187">{{Opus | cognomen = Wellisch | nomen = Ioannes | titulus = From Information Science to Informatics: a terminological investigation | contextus = Journal of Librarianship | volumen = 4 | fasciculus = 3 | tempus = 1972-07-01 | lingua = en | url = https://doi.org/10.1177/096100067200400302 | paginae = 157–187 | doi = 10.1177/096100067200400302 | issn = 0022-2232 | s2cid = 62708018 }}.</ref><!-- Vetus definitio: est [[scientia (ratio)|scientia]] vel [[ars]] [[computatrum|computatrorum]] [[programma computatrale|programmandorum]] et [[informatio]]num structarum. [[Programmatura]], quae in multis [[lingua|linguis]] ''software'' dicitur, in omnibus partibus computratris intactilibus constat. Oportet igitur hoc sensu informaticam a [[scientia machinali]] de [[computatrum|computatris armaturis]] distinguere.--> Informatica omnes [[vita]]rum nostrarum aspectus hodie afficit, quia computatra omnes [[homo|homines]] [[civitas|civitatesque]] per [[aerarium|fiscalia]], [[interrete|interretialia]], et “[[communicatio (informatica)|communicationalia]]” mundi systemata attingunt. == Locus notus == {{Ipse dixit|Informatica nihilo magis de computratris, quam [[astronomia]] de [[telescopium|telescopiis]] est.|[[Edsger Wybe Dijkstra]]<ref>“Computer Science is no more about computers than astronomy is about telescopes.” ―[[Edsger Wybe Dijkstra]]</ref>}} == Origo == Verbum ''informatica'' verba ''informatio'' et ''automatica'' coniungit. Voces ''computer science'' et ''information systems,'' termini [[Anglice|Anglici]], ''informatique'' vocis Francicae idem significant. == Algorithmus: instrumentum informaticae == Informaticae finis est informationis [[organizatio]], [[logica]], [[mathematica]], [[physica]], [[electronica]] utendo, ut [[computatrum|computatra]] melius gubernentur, res requisitae citius inveniantur, communicatio efficienter agatur, et capacitas rerum servandarum augmentetur. Ad tales res efficiendas, [[ingeniarius|ingeniarii]] meliores [[algorithmus|algorithmos]] comminiscunt. Algorithmi sunt partes processus minimae quas ingeniarii informaticales maxime animadvertunt. Ingeniarii informatici etiam alias res maximi momenti comminiscunt, sicut [[lingua programmandi|systemata linguarum computatralium]], [[interrete|systemata interretialia]] et [[telephonum|telephonica]] distribuita, et [[systema clavium securarum computatrale|systemata clavium computatralium securarum]]. ==Notae== <references/> {{NexInt}} {{div col|3}} * [[Algorithmus]] * [[Ars electrica]] * [[Automaton communicativum]] * [[Communicatio (informatica)]] * [[Computatio]] *[[Deprehensio et correctio mendorum]] * [[Discus opticus]] * [[Glossarium verborum computatralium]] * [[Humanitates digitales]] * [[Informationis technologia]] * [[Intellegentia artificialis]] * [[Logica Booleana]] * [[Mathematica adhibita]] * [[Queap]] * [[ROM hacking]] * [[Structura datorum]] * [[Systema administrativum computatrale]] * [[Systema digitale]] * [[Tabularium informaticum]] {{div col end}} ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Computer science|informaticam}} {{technologia}} [[Categoria:Informatica|!]] {{Myrias|Technologia}} af0ql9628xf3khyblanlvplg2ivwgrc Lingua Catalana 0 2390 3993217 3980056 2026-10-06T16:27:59Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20261006)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3993217 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa linguae |nomen latine=Lingua Catalana ([[:ca:Català|Català]], [[:ca:Valencià|Valencià]]) |color familiae=lawngreen |nationes=[[Hispania]], [[Andorra]] |civitas=[[Gallia]], [[Sardinia]] |fabulantes=9&nbsp;200&nbsp;000 |familia=lingua [[Linguae Indoeuropaeae|Indoeuropaea]] e subfamilia [[Linguae Romanicae|Romanica]] |pronunciation=kə.tə'ɫa / ka.ta'ɫa /va.ɫen.si'a |procuratio=[[:ca:Institut_d%27Estudis_Catalans|Institut d'Estudis Catalans]] et<br /> [[:ca:Acad%C3%A8mia_Valenciana_de_la_Llengua|Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua]] |vici=[[:ca:Portada]] |scriptura=[[Scriptura Latina]] |iso1=ca|iso2=cat|iso3=cat |tabula =[[Fasciculus:Human Language Families (wikicolors).png|center|255px|Familiae linguisticae coloribus Vicipaediae pictae]] |syllabus =Familiae linguisticae coloribus Vicipaedicis pictae |tabula2=[[Fasciculus:Catalan in Europe.png|center|125px|Situs locutorum linguae Catalanae]] |syllabus2=Situs locutorum linguae Catalanae }} {{InterWiki|code=ca}} [[File:WIKITONGUES- Ona speaking Catalan.webm|thumb|Homo Catalane (dialecto Maioricana) loquens.]] [[File:WIKITONGUES- Artur speaking Catalan.webm|thumb|[[Arturus Mas]], olim praeses Catalauniae, de essentia privata, essentia publica et lingua verba facit.]] {{FA stella}}'''Lingua Catalana'''<ref>"Basileae quartum congressum linguae Catalanae . . . habetis": {{Google Books|ggaexC3vGWoC|p. 484}}</ref> vel '''Catalanica'''<ref>"Catalanice . . . catalanitatem . . . linguae Catalanicae" [https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7762220 hic legis]</ref> (ipsa lingua ''català'') est [[lingua]] [[linguae Indoeuropaeae|Indoeuropaea]] [[Linguae Romanicae|Romanica]], orta Medio Aevo ab [[Latina]] vulgari Romanorum, qui in parte orientali [[Pyrenaei montes|Pyrenaeorum montium]] consederant. Catalane loquuntur 9 200 000 hominum, quorum fere dimidio est patria lingua, in [[Catalaunia]], in [[Baliares insulae|Insulis Baliaribus]], in [[Andorra]], in [[Fines Aragoniae|Finibus Aragoniae]], in [[Rossilio]]ne, inque [[Sardinia|Sarda]] urbe [[Algarium|Algario]], et in [[Communitas Valentina|Communitate Valentina]] inque Murciano pago [[Carchis|Carche]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.europapress.es/comunitat-valenciana/noticia-avl-destaca-valenciano-sigue-vivo-comarca-murciana-carche-20130723161002.html|title=La AVL destaca que el valenciano sigue vivo en la comarca murciana de El Carche|accessdate=21 Martii 2016|date=23 Julii 2013}}</ref> Quod in Valentia Murcianoque lingua '''[[Lingua Valentina|Valentina]]''' (''valencià'') appellatur normaque alia regitur quam in ceteris terris, Catalana [[lingua pluricentrica]] habetur. Populi quoque parvi Catalane loquuntur totam per orbem, in quibus clarissimi sunt 200&thinsp;000 loquentes in [[Lingua Catalana in Argentina|Argentina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/11108|title=''Catalonian :: Joshua Project''|accessdate=3 Novembris 2016|author=Joshua Project|work=Joshua Project}}</ref> Regio propria linguae Catalanae comprehendit 68&nbsp;730 km² et 13&nbsp;529&nbsp;127 hominum (2009),<ref>{{cite journal|title=El català, llengua d'Europa|year=2009|accessdate=4 Octobris 2013}}</ref> in 1687 municipiis. In aliis regionibus alius gradus iuris atque usus est Catalanae, cum nihil iuris publici habeat in [[Francia]], sola ius habeat in [[Andorra]], iusque communicetur in tribus communitatibus autonomis Hispanicis et partim in [[Algarium|Algario]], urbe [[Italia]]e. Secundum [[Institutum Statisticae Catalauniae]] anno 2008, Catalana erat secunda lingua in usu in [[Catalaunia]], superata ab [[lingua Hispanica]] et linguae solitae statu<ref name="idescat.cat">{{Cite web |url=http://www.idescat.cat/dequavi/?TC=444&V0=15&V1=2&VA=2008&x=13&y=12 |title=Usos lingüístics. Llengua inicial, d'identificació i habitual Metodologia |work=Idescat |lang=ca |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014173818/http://www.idescat.cat/dequavi/?TC=444&V0=15&V1=2&VA=2008&x=13&y=12 |archivedate=2014-10-14}}</ref> et linguae patriae<ref name="idescat.cat" /> et linguae agnitae, quamquam Catalana magis utebantur quinque ex septem regionibus functoriis, et 80 centesimae cunctorum incolarum Catalane loqui sciebant.<ref name="idescat.cat" /> In illa tamen terra lingua Catalana est princeps in iuvenibus docendis, in re publica gerenda, et in nuntiis publicis, usumque eius augendi studio diligenter explorat [[Generalitas Catalauniae]], nec nihil impendit linguae et in Catalaunia et alibi consulendo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/Llengcat/menuitem.b318de7236aed0e7a129d410b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=69f4f9465ff61110VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=69f4f9465ff61110VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default|título=Datos lingüísticos en Cataluña|urlarchivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415001016/http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/Llengcat/menuitem.b318de7236aed0e7a129d410b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=69f4f9465ff61110VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=69f4f9465ff61110VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default|archivedate=15 Aprilis 2014}}</ref> Litterae Catalanae floruerunt primum in Aragonia mediaevali atque [[Catalana renata|iterum]] in Hispania moderna exeunte saeculo XIX et ineunte XX. ==Nomen== ===Etymologia=== Nomen linguae a {{lang|ca|Catalunya}}, id est [[Catalaunia]] terra, tractum est, cum origo eius vocabuli ipsa sit in ambiguo. Maxime viget sententia pristinum nomen Gathiam Launiam fuisse ex vocabulo ''Gothia'' vel ''Gauthia'' ("Gothorum terra"). Nam principes populusque Catalanus ex [[Marchia Hispanica|Marchia Gothica]] orti sunt.<ref>García Venero 2006.</ref><ref>Burke 1900, p. 154.</ref> ===Varietas nominum=== Nomen Catalanae linguae Catalane scribitur ''català''. Locutio autem est [kətəˈla] in orientalibus dialectis, [kataˈla] in occidentalibus. Ceterum, in [[Communitas Valentina|Communitate Valentina]] et [[Carchis|Carche]] solet vocari {{lang|ca|valencià}} [valensiˈa], [balensiˈa]. Quod vocabulum saepe in dialectos illis locis proprias usurpatur, sed etiam universae linguae Catalanae adhibetur.<ref name="AVL-9_feb_2005">{{cite web |author=Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua |date=9 February 2005 |title=Acord de l'Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua (AVL), adoptat en la reunió plenària del 9 de febrer del 2005, pel qual s'aprova el dictamen sobre els principis i criteris per a la defensa de la denominació i l'entitat del valencià |pages=52 |language=Valencian |url=http://www.avl.gva.es/va/acords-AVL/main/03/document/NOMENTITAT.pdf |access-date=16 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923181117/http://www.avl.gva.es/va/acords-AVL/main/03/document/NOMENTITAT.pdf |archive-date=23 Septembris 2015}}</ref>.<ref>Lledó 2011, pp. 334–337.</ref><ref name="AVL-9_feb_2005" /> In Itala autem urbe [[Algarium|Algario]] nomen linguae de iure est [[Lingua Algarensis|Algarensis]]. Alia quoque nomina proposita sunt ne intellegerentur quae quidam ex vocabulo "Catalana" intellegunt, ut ''català-valencià-balear'' ("Catalana-Valentina-Balearis"), aut ''bacavès'' (ex initiorum nominum BAlearium Insularium, CAtalauniae, et Valentiae), aut ''catalunyès'' ("Catalauniensis", nomen nove fictum de nomine terrae).<ref>{{Cite book|praenomen=Wilhelm|cognomen=Meyer-Lübke|praenomen2=Guillem Calaforra i|cognomen2=Castellano|titulus=Català|url=https://books.google.es/books?id=PR5PFU0UumcC&pg=PA38&dq=%22cataluny%C3%A8s%22&hl=ca&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj45aOmr8riAhXv1uAKHfbkCyEQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=%22cataluny%C3%A8s%22&f=false|factor=Institut d'Estudis Catalans|annus=1998|accessdate=2 Iunii 2019|lingua=ca}}</ref> Aliud quoque nomen, quo maiores usi sunt, est ''llemosí'' ("[[Lingua Lemovicina]]"). ==Historia== [[File:Homilies d'Organya.jpg|thumb|upright=0.85|''[[Homiliae Organyà]]'' (ex saeculo XII)]] [[File:Greuges de Guitard Isarn.jpg|thumb|Reliquia ''[[Greuges de Guitard Isarn]]'' (ca. 1080–1095), unum ex primis scriptis paene integre Catalanis,<ref>Veny 1997, pp. 9–18.</ref><ref>Moran 2004, pp. 37–38.</ref> maius paene saeculo quam ''[[Homiliae Organyà]]''.]] [[File:Linguistic map Southwestern Europe-en.gif|thumb|Charta linguarum Europae partis occidentalis et australis.]] [[File:Aragonese Empire 1443.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|[[Corona Aragoniae]] anno 1443.]] ===Medium Aevum=== Saltem post saeculum II sunt indicia vocabulorum et locutionis propriorum in [[Hispania Tarraconensis|Hispania Tarraconensi]] et dissimilium ceterae Hispaniae.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 632.</ref> Ibi ut alibi, mutatio [[Latina Vulgaris|Latinae vulgaris]] paulatim accidit, nec praecise determinari potest initium linguae Catalanae. Secundum [[Iohannes Coromines|Coromines]] credendum est maxima mutata saeculis VII et VIII facta esse, quamquam difficilis est fides rei, quod tantum lingua Latina artificiosa et a sermone vulgari distante scribebatur. Ex saeculo quidem VIII comites Catalani, fines suas in [[Musulmanus|Musulmanos]] proferentes, linguam secum trahebant. Ante saeculum IX constat Catalana lingua ex Latina exstitisse in Tarraconensi et in utroque latere orientalium [[Pyrenaei montes|Pyrenaeorum]]. Haec impetum maiorem acceperunt ubi [[Comitatus Barcinonensis]] ab [[Imperium Carolingorum|Imperio Carolingiorum]] anno 988 divisus est.<ref>Costa Carreras & Yates 2009, pp. 6–7.</ref> Iam enim saeculo IX crebriusque X atque XI apparebant vocabula sententiaeve integrae in lingua Catalana inter scripta Latina, et scripta brevia plene Catalana, ut ius iurandum anni 1028 aut ''Greuges de Caboet'' ex annis 1080-1090.<ref>MORAN, J. i J. A. RABELLA (ed.)''Primers textos de la llengua catalana''. Barcelona: Proa, 2001. ISBN 84-8437-156-5</ref> In dimidio primo saeculi XII scripta est versio ''[[Liber Iudiciorum|Fori Iudicum]]'', cuius reliquia, servata in bibliotheca [[Abbatia Montis Serrati|Abbatiae Montis Serrati]], moderniore est sermone. Post annum 1150 sunt scripta plurima et exeunte saeculo XII apparent vetustissimae litterae artis curiosioris, id est ''[[Homiliae Organyà]]'', liber tractatuum Christianorum. Tum linguae priscae Catalanae plurima communia cum ceteris linguis [[linguae Gallo-Romanicae|Gallo-Romanicis]] erant, praecipue cum prisca [[lingua Occitana]], quacum [[continuum dialectorum]] efficiebat, quod paulatim divertebatur donec fere saeculo XIII linguae manifeste dissimiles exstiterant.<ref>Riquer 1964</ref> Saeculis XI atque XII principes Catalani ad [[Hiberus|Hiberum]] fluvium fines proferebant, et saeculo XIII [[Regnum Valentiae]], [[Murcia]]m (quae in Hispanicam linguam saeculo XV transiit) atque [[Baliares insulae|Insulas Baliares]] ceperunt.<ref>Costa Carreras & Yates 2009, pp. 6–7.</ref> Urbi [[Algarium|Algario]] in [[Sardinia]] Catalane loquentes saeculo XIV illati sunt.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 190.</ref> Populus enim eius [[urbs|urbis]] ab imperio regis [[Petrus IV Aragoniae|Petri Sollemnis]] medio anno [[1354]] defecerat; obsidione autem ac fame post dimidium fere annum expugnatus, expulsus est aut in servitutem redactus, urbsque colonis [[Catalaunia|Catalanis]] ex commarcis [[Penedès]] et [[Campus Tarraconensis|Campo Tarraconensi]] tradita. In [[Medium aevum|Medio Aevo]] inferiore, litteris Catalanis maxime florentibus, lingua aetatem auream habuit. Sunt inter auctores et opera eius temporis [[Raimundus Lullus]] (1232–1315), polymathes Maioricanus, historiae quae Quattuor Magnae Chronicae dicuntur (saeculis XIII et XIV), et schola poetica Valentina, cuius summus alumnus fuit [[Ausias Marchus]] (1397–1459). Saeculo XV urbs [[Valentia]] iam facta erat caput in rebus humanis [[Corona Aragonia|Coronae Aragoniae]] et lingua Catalana in cuncto orbe [[Mare Mediterraneum|Mediterraneo]] aderat. Hoc tempore Catalana, Cancellariae Regalis norma certa recta, fuit quod Costa Carreras "'magna lingua' Europae mediaevalis" vocat.<ref>Costa Carreras & Yates 2009, pp. 6–7.</ref> In publico usu quidem in Sicilia mansit usque ad saeculum XV, in Sardinia usque ad XVII.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 190.</ref> Primus liber typo mobili pressus in [[Hiberia]] fuit Catalanus, nomine ''[[Obres e trobes en lahors de la Verge Maria]]'', anno 1474. Mutatio morum Medio Aevo in Renascentiam transeunte in clarissima fabula caballaria ''[[Tirant lo Blanc]]'' (1490), quam [[Iohannes Martorell|Martorell]] scripsit, sicut in operibus [[Bernardus Metge|Metge]] videtur.<ref>Costa Carreras & Yates 2009, pp. 6–7.</ref> ===Initia aetatis modernae=== [[Fasciculus:Interdiction officielle de la langue catalana 2 avril 1700.jpg|thumb|Decretum publicum quo lingua Catalana in Francia vetabatur.]] Regnis [[Regnum Castellae|Castellae]] et [[Corona Aragoniae|Aragoniae]] anno 1479 coniunctis, [[lingua Hispanica]] in honorem paulatim ascendebat<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 190.</ref> Catalanaque declinabat.<ref>Costa Carreras & Yates 2009, pp. 6–7.</ref><ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 190-191.</ref> Urbani igitur et philologi homines facti sunt [[multilinguismus|bilingues]] et litterae Catalanae auctoritate Hispanarum impelli coeperunt.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 190.</ref> Cum [[Tractatus Pyrenaeorum|Tractatu Pyrenaeorum]] (1659) [[Hispania]] [[Francia]]e [[Catalaunia Septentrionalis|septentrionalem partem Catalauniae]] cessisset, [[Catalana Septentrionalis|Catalani sermones eius terrae]] in dominium venerunt [[Lingua Francogallica|Francogallici sermonis]], qui anno 1700 facta est sola lingua publica regionis.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 191.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crdp-montpellier.fr/cd66/artscult/fichesVauban/cdvauban/PERIODES/moyenagetempsmodernes/chateaucollioureinterdictioncatalan.pdf|title=''L'interdiction de la langue catalane en Roussillon par Louis XIV''|publisher="CRDP, Académie de Montpellier|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214055235/http://crdp-montpellier.fr/cd66/artscult/fichesVauban/cdvauban/PERIODES/moyenagetempsmodernes/chateaucollioureinterdictioncatalan.pdf|archive-date=14 Decembris 2010}}</ref> ===Francia: saecula XVIII-XX=== {{Vide-etiam|Patois}} Parvo post [[res novae Francicae|res novas Francicas]] (1789), [[prima res publica (Francia)|Res Publica Prima Francica]] vetuit in re publica et impedivit in aliis usibus linguas regionales Franciae, inter alias Catalanam, [[Lingua Alsata|Alsatam]], [[Lingua Britonica|Britonicam]], [[Lingua Occitana|Occitanam]], [[Lingua Flandrica|Flandricam]], et [[Lingua Vasconica|Vasconicam]]. Post coloniam Francicam [[Algerium Francicum|Algerium]] anno 1830 constitutum, eo Catalane loquentes saepius commigraverunt, Hispanis [[Lucentum|Lucentinis]] circa [[Oranum]], [[Algeria]]e [[Catalaunia Septentrionalis|Catalanis septentrionalibus]] et [[Minorica|Minoricanis]] consedentibus, quorum omnium lingua appellata est ''patuet''. Anno igitur 1911 circa 100 000 hominum Catalane loquebantur. Hi tamen, post Algerium anno 1962 liberum se professum, paene omnes in Catalauniam Septentrionalem (facti ''[[Pieds-Noirs]]'') Lucentumve fugerunt.<ref>Marfany 2002.</ref> ===Hispania: saecula XVIII-XX=== In Hispania occasus Catalanae in saeculum XVIII prolatus est. In [[bellum de successione Hispanica|bello de successione Hispanica]] Habsburgianis victis (1714), [[Decreta Novae Plantae|leges]] etiam illatae sunt, quae cum alios mores Aragoniae cohiberent, tum in scriptis forensibus [[lingua Hispanica|linguam Hispanicam]] per totam Hispaniam postulabant. XIX autem saeculo [[Catalana renata|litterae Catalanae renatae]] sunt ({{lang|ca|Renaixença}}) et adhuc vigent.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 190.</ref> Haec aetas iniit ''Oda in Patriam'' (scripsit [[Bonadventura Carolus Aribau|Aribau]], 1833), quam secuta sunt secundo dimidio saeculi XIX et initiis XX opera [[Hyacinthus Verdaguer|Verdaguer]] (poetica), [[Narcissus Oller|Oller]] (fabulae realistae), et [[Angelus Guimerà|Guimerà]] (scaenica).<ref>Costa Carreras & Yates 2009, pp. 10–11.</ref> Saeculo XIX in regione [[Carchis|Carche]] provinciae [[Murcianum|Murcianae]] Valentine loquentes iterum consederunt.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 1.</ref> Catalana lingua normam orthographicam anno 1913 accepit; inde in [[Res Publica Hispanica Secunda|Re Publica Hispanica Secunda]] (1931–1939) leges adversae paene omnes expeditae sunt iusque publicum Catalanae inditum.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 190.</ref> Catalaunia mansit pleraque unilinguis usque ad finem saeculi XIX, cum in ludos (ubi Hispanice docebatur) vulgus est inductum, secundum studium [[Universitas Barcinonensis|Universitatis Barcinonensis]].<ref>https://www.ccma.cat/324/des-de-quan-som-bilingues-els-catalans-primer-estudi-del-proces-dintroduccio-del-castella/noticia/2915249 Des de quan som bilingües els catalans? Primer estudi del procés d'introducció del castellà]</ref> Qui Castellane loquentes in Catalauniam migrassent Catalanam, quod erat lingua communis, adhuc in decennio anni 1930 accipiebant.<ref>[https://llenguasocietat.wordpress.com/2019/03/06/la-bilinguitzacio-de-catalunya-durant-el-segle-xx-amb-francesc-bernat-mireia-galindo-i-carles-de-rossello «La bilingüització de Catalunya durant el segle XX», amb Francesc Bernat, Mireia Galindo i Carles de Rosselló] ''els primers immigrants no catalanoparlants, que es concentren sobretot a l’àrea de Barcelona, adopten generalment el català perquè continua sent la llengua predominant del carrer.''</ref> Tum [[Bellum civile Hispanicum|bellum civile]] (1936–1939) [[Catalonia in dictatura Francisci Franco|sequentiaque decennia]] infesta linguae Catalanae evenerunt. [[Dictatura Francisci Franco]] (1939–1975) linguam Hispanicam in ludis et in re publica gerenda per [[Hispania]]m cunctam postulavit.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 190.</ref><ref name="Guardian1">{{Cite news |last=Burgen |first=Stephen |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/nov/22/catalan-language-survived |title=Catalan: a language that has survived against the odds |date=22 Novembris 2012 |work=The Guardian |access-date=18 Ianuarii 2017 |language=en-GB}}</ref>In ludis, in collegiis publicis, atque in rebus sacris lingua essentiaque Catalana opprimebatur.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Casademont|first=Enric Pujol|date=2020|title=Culture, language and politics. The Catalan cultural resistance during the Franco regime (1939-1977)|url=https://publicacions.iec.cat/repository/pdf/00000292/00000098.pdf|journal=Catalan Historical Review|volume=13|pages=69–84}}</ref> Quidam quoque Catalani, praecipue ordinum superiorum, desiderio [[Franciscus Franco|Francisci Franco]] populi Hispanici uniformis consentientes, linguam Catalanam sua sponte intermittebant. Tamen lingua intra domos vivens superstes dictaturae evenit. Porro nonnulli honesti scriptores Catalani litterarum usu resistebant.<ref>{{Cite book|last=CORNELLÀ-DETRELL|first=JORDI|jstor=10.7722/j.cttn346z|title=Literature as a Response to Cultural and Political Repression in Franco's Catalonia|date=2011|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|isbn=978-1-85566-201-8 }}.</ref> In ipsa dictatura certamina praemiaque multa et honesta operibus Catalanis instituta sunt: Ianuario 1944 praemium Eugenii Nadal exstitit, anno 1945 subsidio publico centeni anni Patris Cinthi Verdaguer acti sunt, anno 1947 praemium Iohannis Martorell in mythistorias Catalane scriptas, anno 1949 praemium Victoris Català in mythistorias parvas Catalane scriptas ac praemia Aedos in biographias, praemium Iosephi Ysart in tractatus, praemiumque ''Ossa Menor'', postea Caroli Riba appellatum. Anno 1951, praemium publicum in poetica Catalana datum est tantidem pecuniae quantum in poetica Hispanica. Eodem anno ''Selecta Editions'' operibus Catalanis edendis institutum est et praemium Iohannis Martorell Iosepho Pla ob opus ''El carrer estret'' datum est. Per annos posteriores usque ad finem dictaturae praemia innumerabilia nata sunt, ut ''Lletra d'Or'', ''Amadei Oller'' in poetica, ''Sant Jordi'' in mythistorias (150,000 ''pesetas'' possidens), Praemium Honoris Litterarum Catalanarum, ''Verdaguer'', praemium Iosephi Pla, praemium Mercedis Rodoreda in narrationes breves.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Una polèmica literària sota el franquisme|url=https://palavracomum.com/cas-obert-una-polemica-literaria-sota-el-franquisme-ii-por-xesus-gonzalez-gomez/|website= Palavracomum |language=ca-ES}}</ref> Primum programma televisorium in lingua Catalana emissum est anno 1964.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Primera emisión de un programa en catalán|url=https://www.rtve.es/rtve/20180730/historia-tve-primera-emissio-dun-programa-catala/1772240.shtml|website=RTVE |language=es-ES}}</ref> Usum linguae Catalanae minuebant cum honor decidens et interdictum ludorum tum insuper homines, qui annis 1950 ex cetera Hispania in Catalauniam migraverunt. Hi saepe nesciebant esse linguam Catalanam, neque ergo eam discendam et usurpandam censebant. Cum [[Catalaunia]] caput oeconomicum Hispaniae esset, hi migrantes crebro et ab omnibus Hispaniae partibus veniebant. Tamen, qui [[Multilinguismus|bilingues]] non facti essent, rarius negotia adepti sunt.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rendon|first=Sílvio|date=2007|title=The Catalan premium: language and employment in Catalonia|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20730773|journal=Journal of Population Economics|volume=20|issue=3|pages=669–686|doi=10.1007/s00148-005-0048-5 |jstor=20730773 |hdl=10016/291 |s2cid=29009762 |issn=0933-1433}}</ref> ==Status praesens== Notandissimum sociolinguistis est Catalanae in omnibus terris ubi adest [[bilinguismus]] socialis contingere: in Rossilione cum [[Lingua Francogallica|Francogallica]], in [[Algarium|Algario]] cum [[Lingua Italiana|Italiana]] (magis quam cum [[Lingua Sarda|Sarda]]), et in cetero territorio cum [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], etiam in [[Andorra]], ubi una est lingua publica secundum constitutionem. ===Loci=== {| style="float: right;" |+ Terrae, ubi incolae Catalane loqui soliti sint, colore griseo obscuriore designantur. Terrae, ubi incolae non Catalane loquantur, sed quae ad regiones pertineant ubi incolae Catalane loqui soliti sint, clariorem colorem habent. | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | {{Image label begin|image=Paisos_catalans.svg|width=350|float=none|Territorium linguae Catalanae}} {{Image label small|x=0.62|y=0.15|scale=350|text=[[Catalaunia Septentrionalis]]}} {{Image label small|x=0.45|y=0.29|scale=350|text=[[Catalaunia]]}} {{Image label small|x=0.85|y=0.51|scale=350|text=[[Algarium]]}} {{Image label small|x=0.28|y=0.28|scale=350|text=''[[Fines Aragoniae|Fines<br />Aragoniae]]''}} {{Image label small|x=0.185|y=0.68|scale=350|text=[[Communitas Valentina|Communitas<br />Valentina]]}} {{Image label small|x=0.07|y=0.83|scale=350|text=[[Carchis]]}} {{Image label small|x=0.85|y=0.33|scale=350|text=''[[Sardinia|<span style="color:#AAA300;">Sardinia<br />(Italia)</span>]]''}} {{Image label small|x=0.15|y=0.35|scale=350|text=''[[Aragonia|<span style="color:#AAA300;">Aragonia<br />(Hispania)</span>]]''}} {{Image label small|x=0.08|y=0.89|scale=350|text=''[[Murcianum|<span style="color:#AAA300;">Murcianum<br />(Hispania)</span>]]''}} {{Image label small|x=0.48|y=0.05|scale=350|text=''[[Francia|<span style="color:#AAA300;">Francia</span>]]''}} {{Image label small|x=0.43|y=0.16|scale=350|text=''[[Andorra]]''}} {{Image label small|x=0.535|y=0.6|scale=350|text=[[Baliares insulae]]}} {{Image label end}} |} Catalana est lingua princeps in [[Catalaunia]], ([[Francia]], [[Hispania]]); [[Valentia]], [[Insulae Baleares|Balearibus Insulis]] et [[Aragonia]] ([[Hispania]]); [[Andorra]]; et [[Sardinia]] ([[Italia]]). Iam inveteravit nomen {{lang|ca|[[Països Catalans]]}} (Terrae Catalanae) in quasdam aut omnes illas regiones, aliis alias significationes vocabulo tribuentibus; cum enim linguam communem moresque traditos designet atque ab oratoribus publicis recentius exercitetur, statu in iure caret. Prolatum quidem est exeunte saeculo XIX, divulgatum autem ab [[Iohannes Fuster|Iohanne Fuster]] libro ''Nosaltres els valencians'' («Nos Valentini», 1962). Praecipue in Communitate Valentina nomen "Terrae Catalanae" et cum eo [[pancatalanismus]] in plurimas [[Pugna Valentina|dissensiones]] erupit. [[Fasciculus:SpeakFrenchBeClean.jpg|thumb|"Loquimini Francice - Estote mundi", paries ludi in [[Ayguatébia-Talau|Aquatepida-Talatione]], 2010.]] * [[Andorra]] est [[civitas sui iuris]], ubi Catalana sola ius [[lingua publica|linguae publicae]] habet et Catalana (dialecto occidentali) 43.8 centesimae incolarum uti solent. Aliae quidem linguae crebrae sunt in negotiis et in rebus familiaribus, et Catalana est lingua patria modo 35.7 centesimis incolarum. * [[Hispania]] **In [[Catalaunia]], Catalana est [[lingua propria (Hispania)|lingua propria]] et ius publicum cum Hispanica et [[Lingua Occitana|Occitana]] ([[Lingua Aranica|dialecto Aranica]]) communicat. In territorio extant dialecti diversae. Catalana est patria 31 centesimis insularum. ** In [[Baliares insulae|Insulis Baliaribus]] est lingua propria et ius publicum cum Hispanica communicat. Extant dialecti diversae. Catalana est lingua solita 46 centesimarum incolarum. ** Maior pars [[Communitas Valentina|Communitatis Valentinae]] Catalane loquitur. Catalana lingua habet ius linguae propriae sub nomine [[Lingua Valentina|Valentinae]] communicatque ius publicum cum [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]]. Exstant dialecti diversae, quarum una est communis septentrioni Communitatis Valentina et austro Catalauniae. Catalana est lingua solita fere 40 centesimarum incolarum. Quaedam partes occidentales et australes lingua Hispanica seu Aragonensi saltem a saeculo XVIII utuntur.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 1.</ref> ** In [[Fines Aragoniae|finibus orientalibus]] [[Aragonia]]e cum Catalaunia, qui constant ex [[commarca|commarcis]] [[La Litera]] et [[Matarraña]], et fere dimidio municipiorum [[Ribagorza]], [[Bajo Cinca]] et [[Bajo Aragón - Caspe]], circa 29 000 personas solent uti [[Lingua Catalana in Aragonia|lingua Catalana]].<ref>[http://portal.aragob.es/pls/portal30/docs/FOLDER/IAEST/IAEST_0000/IAEST_06/IAEST_0606/IAEST_060602/PUBLICACION.PDF= Encuesta de usos lingüísticos en las comarcas orientales de Aragón. Año 2003.]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}} [http://portal.aragob.es/pls/portal30/docs/FOLDER/IAEST/IAEST_0000/IAEST_06/IAEST_0606/IAEST_060602/PUBLICACION.PDF%3D]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}} Gobierno de Aragón - Instituto Aragonés de Estadística, [https://web.archive.org/web/20090920000405/http://www6.gencat.net/llengcat/socio/docs/EULF2004.pdf Estadística de usos lingüísticos en la Franja de Aragón. Año 2004.] Generalidad de Cataluña</ref> Cum nihil iuris publici possideat, in legibus autonomicis de usu tutelaque linguarum propriarum Aragoniae, quamquam in iis nusquam apparet vocabulum "Catalana", comprehenditur.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cortesaragon.es/fileadmin/_DMZMedia/documentacion/2013/MAYO/PLENO%209-10%20MAYO/DICTAMEN%20COMISION%20LENGUAS.pdf|title=Dictamen de la comisión de Educación, Cultura y Deporte sobre la proposición de ley de uso, protección y promoción de las lenguas propias de Aragón }}</ref> ** In oppidum [[Carchis|Carchem]] regionis [[Murcianum|Murcianae]] Valentini saeculo XIX redierunt.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 1.</ref> * [[Francia]] ** Priscae terrae tributariae [[Comitatus Rossilionis]] et [[Comitatus Ceritaniae]] (nunc nuncupantur [[Rossilio]] aut Catalaunia Septentrionalis) ad [[Monarchia Hispanica|Monarchiam Hispanicam]] usque ad [[Tractatus Pyrenaeorum|Tractatum Pyrenaeorum]] ([[1659]]) pertinebant. Paene totam praefecturam [[Pyrenaei Orientales|Pyrenaeorum Orientalium]] comprehendunt. Lingua Catalana ius publicum non habet multumque [[Lingua Francogallica|Francogallicae]] cessit. * [[Italia]] ** In urbe [[Algarium|Algario]] [[Sardinia]]e insulae, Catalanae dialectus Algarensis, anno 2004, erat prima lingua 22,4 centesimarum et solita 13,9 centesimarum incolarum.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www6.gencat.net/llengcat/socio/docs/EULA2004.pdf |title=Encuesta de usos lingüísticos en l’Alguer 2004 |accessdate=9 Octobris 2012 |lang=Catalán |work=Generalitat de Catalunya |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412200831/http://www6.gencat.net/llengcat/socio/docs/EULA2004.pdf |archivedate=12 Aprilis 2012 }}</ref> Et res Itala et ipsum [[Algarium]] usum publicum Catalanae legibus tuentur.<ref name="camera_1">{{cite web |url=http://www.camera.it/parlam/leggi/99482l.htm|title=Legge 15 Dicembre 1999, n. 482. ''Norme in materia di tutela delle minoranze linguistiche storiche''. Gazzetta Ufficiale n. 297. 20 dicembre 1999 }}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110722030108/http://www.ciutatdelalguer.it/statuto.pdf ''Estatut Comunal''. Art.9. Ciutat de l'Alguer], 8 Augusti 2000</ref> ===Catalaunia=== Post [[Transitio Democratica Hispanica|rem publicam Hispanicam restitutam]] lingua Catalana statum principalem in re publica, in docendo, et in nuntiis publicis accepit. [[Catalaunia]] igitur facta est communitas linguistica [[multilinguismus|bilinguis]] [[natio sine civitate|sine civitate]], cui magnitudine nulla alia Europaea est par.<ref>Wheeler 2003, p. 207.</ref> In quibusdam familiis et immutatio ad Catalanam linguam fit.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 191.</ref> Linguae publicae secundum Catalano Statuto Autonomiae instituta sunt et [[Lingua Hispanica|Castellana]] seu Hispanica, ut passim in Hispania, et Catalana, et tertia [[lingua Aranica]] (dialectus [[Lingua Occitana|Occitana]], qua incolae [[Valles Aranica]] loquuntur). Habetur quoque Catalana [[lingua propria (Hispania)|lingua propria]] Catalauniae, cum [[lingua Occitana|Occitana]] habeatur propria Vallis Aranicae. Cives Catalauniae paene universi bilingues sunt, ambas linguas principes scientes, sed [[sermo patrius|lingua patria]] dissimiles. Catalana autem minus utuntur in terra urbana [[Barcino]]nis et [[Ager Tarraconensis|Agro Tarraconensi]]. Anno 2018 99.8 centesimae civium Castellane et 81.2 centesimae Catalane loqui sciebant.<ref>[https://www.idescat.cat/pub/?id=aec&n=1013],''Coneixement de llengües 2018''</ref> Usus autem unius aut alterius linguae secundum ordinem societatis, in quo colloquium fiat, variari solet. Secundum [[Institutum Statisticae Catalauniae]], anno 2018 34.3 centesimis civium Catalana erat lingua patria (31.5 centesimis sola et 2.8 centesimis coniuncte cum Hispanica), 43.2 centesimis propria (36.3 centesimis sola et 6.9 centesimis cum Hispanica), et 43.5 centesimis solita (36.1 centesimis sola et 7.4 centesimis cum Hispanica.<ref name="materna2008">[https://www.idescat.cat/indicadors/?id=anuals&n=10364&tema=cultu]. Encuesta de usos lingüísticos de la población 2018. Instituto de Estadística de Cataluña (Idescat).</ref> Generalitas Catalauniae leges expedit, quibus usus Catalanae linguae augeatur promoveaturque. Secundum statutum:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gencat.cat/generalitat/cas/estatut/titol_preliminar.htm|título=Título preliminar del Estatuto de Autonomía de Cataluña de 2006|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929115352/http://www.gencat.cat/generalitat/cas/estatut/titol_preliminar.htm|archivedate=29 Septembris 2011}}</ref> {{citatio|Catalana [...] est lingua usus communis et praeferendi rerum publicarum gerendarum nuntiorumque publicorum Catalauniae, et lingua communiter in docendo usurpata vectoria atque didascalica.|Statutum Autonomiae Catalauniae, articulum 6.a.}} Sic, dum fere tota civitatis educatio in Catalana et aliquod [[Hispanice]] datur, gubernationis grapheocratia tota in Catalana est. Negotia ostendere saltem in Catalana totam nuntiationem (e.g. escarum indices, folia muralia) coguntur sub legalium multarum poena, si officio non funguntur. Ad usum Catalanae proferendum et in Catalaunia et in aliis terris, [[Generalitat de Catalunya]] (gubernatio autonoma Catalauniae) argentum quotannis impendit per talia collegia qualia ''Consorci per a la Normalització Lingüística''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/Llengcat/menuitem.b318de7236aed0e7a129d410b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=69f4f9465ff61110VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=69f4f9465ff61110VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default |title=2010 Language Policy Report |website=Generalitat de Catalunya |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415001016/http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/Llengcat/menuitem.b318de7236aed0e7a129d410b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=69f4f9465ff61110VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=69f4f9465ff61110VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default |archive-date=15 Aprilis 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cpnl.cat/|title=Consorci per a la Normalització Lingüística|first=Consorci per a la Normalització Lingüística-|last=CPNL|website=Consorci per a la Normalització Lingüística - CPNL}}</ref> Catalane doceri in omnibus ludis imperatum est,<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 191.</ref>, sed Hispanica uti licet et cum magister sic malit et cum unus aut plures discipuli recentes in Catalauniam advenerint.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Armora |first=Esther |url=http://www.abc.es/sociedad/20130909/abci-cataluna-ordena-incumplir-sentencias-201309081829.html |title=Cataluña ordena incumplir las sentencias sobre el castellano en las escuelas |date=9 Septembris 2013 |work=ABC |access-date=10 Septembris 2013 |language=es |trans-title=Catalonia orders violate the judgments on the Castilian in schools}}</ref> Nuper quibusdam partibus in re publica Hispanica linguam Hispanicam in ludis Catalanis proferre conatis, Maio 2022 Tribunal Supremum Hispanicum magistratus Catalauniae hac lege uti monuit, ut 25 centesimae omnium scholarum Hispanice audiantur.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/nations/spain/2022/01/21/catalonia-supreme-court-25-of-lessons-must-be-in-spanish_e4e09d3e-ea85-4b59-b3c6-d0f2cdbfc0aa.html |title=You are here: ANSAmed. Catalonia: Supreme Court, 25% of lessons must be in Spanish |language=en |access-date=21 Ianuarii 2022}}</ref> ===Fines orientales Aragoniae=== Catalana est lingua propria et tradita [[Fines orientales Aragoniae|Finium orientalium Aragoniae]], ibique maxime universalis est scientia Catalane voce loquendi. Nam 80.2 centesimae incolarum adultorum, id est 33,743 homines, sciunt, ut recentius anno 2014 censum est,<ref>{{Cite book|título=Llengua i societat a la Franja: Anàlisi de l'Enquesta d'usos lingüistics (2004-2014)|url=https://zaguan.unizar.es/record/76843|publisher=Prensas de la Universidad de Zaragoza|date=2018|accessdate=16 Septembris 2019|isbn=9788417633509|first=Natxo (coord )|last=Sorolla|first2=Chabier|last2=Gimeno|firste3=Javier|last3=Giralt|first4=Miguel|last4=Montañés|first5=María Teresa|last5=Moret|first6=Anchel|last6=Reyes|first7=Ramón|last7=Sisas|first8=Joan|last8=Solé|first9=Anna|last9=Torrijos|page=51}}</ref> cum anno 2004 42,000 homines fuerint, id est 88.8 centesimae incolarum adultorum.<ref>{{cite book|title=Enquesta sobre usos lingüístics a la Franja|url=http://www.lafranja.net/articles/FranjaSorolla.pdf|place=Sorolla|date=2005|format=pdf}}</ref>. Tamen Catalana iure publico caret et in Finibus et in cuncta Aragonia, minimeque adest in societatibus publicis, et exigue in docendo, cum modo optione eam discere liceat. ===Communitas Valentina=== {{Main|Lingua Valentina}} Status linguae Catalanae in [[Communitas Valentina|Communitate Valentina]] est multiplex, cum homines ex cetera Hispania linguam Castellanam inferentes migrent, simulque fiat [[immutatio linguae]] praecipue in urbibus Valentia Lucentoque. Castellana in urbibus, Valentina ruri nunc dominatur; Valentina maxime in [[Provincia Castalia]] et parte australi [[Valentia (provincia Hispaniae)|Provinciae Valentiae]], minime in [[Lucentum (provincia)|Provincia Lucento]] et terra urbana [[Valentiae]] auditur. Ambas [[lingua publica|linguas publicas]] profitetur Statutum Autonomiae, et Valentina [[lingua propria (Hispania)|lingua propria]] habetur. Duo [[praedominium linguisticum|praedominia linguistica]], Castellanum et Valentinum, definit Lex de Usu Disciplinaque Linguae Valentinae ad situm sermonum saeculo XIX. Praedominium Castellanum partem quandam mediam et occidentalem, et his seiunctam partem australem extremam ([[Aspis|Aspem]] et [[Monforte del Cid]]) comprehendit, cum 25 centesimis territorii et 13 centesimis incolarum. Hic minima est scientia linguae Valentinae. Praedominium Valentinum oras et commarcas iis contiguas continet, 75 centesimas territorii et 87 centesimas incolarum comprehendens. Etiam ibi pauciores Valentina quam Castellana domi utuntur (anno 2008 32.3 centesimae cum 7.6 centesimis domi bilinguibus), et numerus minuitur.<ref name="sies">[http://www.cult.gva.es/sies Servicio de Investigación y Estudios Sociolingüísticos], [http://www.edu.gva.es/polin/es/sies/sies_fonum.htm Fondo de Datos Numéricos], de la Consellería de Cultura, Generalidad Valenciana. Datos de "lengua que habla en casa".</ref> Immutatio linguae ab Valentina ad Castellanam paene perfecta est [[Lucentum|Lucenti]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927035804/http://www.alicante-ayto.es/docu_val/ompv/substitucio_linguistica.pdf Montoya, Brauli: ''La difusió social de la substitució lingüística a la ciutat d’Alacant: Assaig d’una cronologia''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.alicante-ayto.es/docu_val/ompv/substitucio_linguistica.pdf |date=20070927035804 }}, Treballs de sociolingüística catalana 13, pp. 25-38.</ref> et praevalet [[Valentia]]e, cum ruri nondum valeat. Recens erat quasi [[diglossia]] plurimis incolis, qui Catalane modo privatis colloquiis loquebantur, cum in publicis officiis Castellana sola audiretur. Valentinae scribendae, postquam in ludis docta est, scientia valde aucta est, sed usus in loquendo valde recessit. Etiam multi migrantes ex aliis Hispaniae partibus numerum Castellane loquentium auxerunt.<ref name="gencat_1">{{cite web|url=http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/Llengcat/menuitem.b318de7236aed0e7a129d410b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=d5349cede4c43210VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d5349cede4c43210VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default|title=Estadística d'usos Lingüístics a Catalunya|urlarchivo=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023234255/http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/Llengcat/menuitem.b318de7236aed0e7a129d410b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=d5349cede4c43210VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=d5349cede4c43210VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default|archivedate=23 Otobris 2014}}.</ref> ===Insulae Baliares=== Catalana est lingua propria [[Baliares insulae|Insulis Baliaribus]], secundum Statutum Autonomiae, et publica sicut Castellana. Similiter ut in Catalaunia, Castellanam efferunt migrantes multo magis quam [[immutatio linguae]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090415140418/http://ibdigital.uib.es/gsdl/cgi-bin/library?e=d-11000-00---0territoris--00-1--0-10-0---0---0prompt-10---4-------0-0l--11-en-50---20-help---00-3-1-00-0011-1-0utfZz-8-10&cl=CL2.1.25&d=HASH62a903a271d09acfe20772&x=1 Bernat Joan i Marí: ''Canvi demogràfic i substitució lingüística a les illes Pitiüses''] {{Wayback|url=http://ibdigital.uib.es/gsdl/cgi-bin/library?e=d-11000-00---0territoris--00-1--0-10-0---0---0prompt-10---4-------0-0l--11-en-50---20-help---00-3-1-00-0011-1-0utfZz-8-10&cl=CL2.1.25&d=HASH62a903a271d09acfe20772&x=1 |date=20090415140418 }} Institut d’Estudis Eivissencs Territoris (1999), 2:103-111</ref> Fortuna linguae Catalanae in Insulis Baliaribus varia est per insulas et locos; ea magis in [[Minorica]] et maiore parte [[Maiorica]]e, id est [[Pars Externa (Maiorica)|Parte Externa]], minus in [[Palma Maioricae|Palma]] et in [[Ebusus|Ebuso]] auditur. Linguae quoque [[Lingua Anglica|Anglica]] [[Lingua Theodisca|Theodisca]]que in locis periegeticis audiuntur; etiam Italiana, quamquam minore momento, adest, praecipue in Frumentaria, quo multi Italici periegetici veniunt. ===Andorra=== Status Andorranus Catalanae similis est Catalauniensi, cum linguis aliis, praecipue Hispanicae, potius migrantium quam [[immutatio linguae|immutationis linguae]] causa cedat. Andorrae autem solius inter mundi civitatis<ref>[http://www.idescat.cat/territ/BasicTerr?TC=5&V0=3&V1=3&V3=3319&V4=3320&ALLINFO=TRUE&PARENT=25&CTX=B ''Població segons llengua d'identificació. Dades enllaçades 2003-2008 Catalunya. Any 2008''.] Instituto de Estadística de Cataluña (Idescat).</ref> Catalana sola est [[lingua publica]],<ref name="llengua">{{Cite web|url=http://www.catala.ad/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=41&Itemid=114|accessdate=5 Septembris 2008|title=La llengua a Andorra|lang=catalán|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722031452/http://www.catala.ad/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=41&Itemid=114|archivedate=22 Iulii 2011}}</ref> quo aliquando in res gentium accedit.<ref>http://www.unesco.org/new/es/unesco/worldwide/unesco-regions/europe-and-north-america/andorra| Andorrae accessus in Nationes Unitas</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20120605053324/www.coe.int/aboutcoe/index.asp?page=47pays1europe&l=en.] Socii [[Consilium Europae|Consilii Europae]].</ref> Andorra in [[Nationes Unitae|Nationes Unitas]] die [[28 Iulii]] anno [[1993]] accepta, Catalana oranti in eo concilio primum licuit.<ref>[http://www.unmultimedia.org/s/photo/detail/413/0413555.html Oratio ministri rerum externarum Andorrae ad Nationes Unitas.</ref> Andorra quoque prima eam in [[certamen cantionum Eurovisionis|Certamen Cantionum Eurovisionis]] anno [[2004]] intulit, [[Marta Roure]] canente «[[Jugarem a estimar-nos]]».<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eurovision-spain.com/iphp/pais_historia.php?numero=944|title=Andorra en el festival de Eurovisión de 2004. }}</ref> Linguarum Andorrae status ex demographia dimidio secundo saeculi XX valde novata evenit: anno [[1940]] peregrini fuerunt 17 centesimae incolarum, anno 1989 75.7 centesimae - is maximus numerus fuit - anno 2007 fere 65 centesimae.<ref name="llengua" /> Post [[Constitutio Andorrae|constitutionem anno 1993 decretam]] res publica consiliis Catalanae amicis utitur, e.g. ut iuvenes Catalane doceantur.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 191.</ref> ===Rossilio=== [[Fasciculus:Comarques de la Catalunya Nord.svg|thumb|250px|Veteres commarcae praefecturae Pyrenaeorum Orientalium, cum nominibus Catalanis.]] In [[Rossilio]]ne ut in plerisque locis [[Francia]]e, valde progressa est [[immutatio linguae|immutatio]] ab lingua loci ad Francogallicam, celerius in urbibus, ut fieri solet, rurique tardius. Francogallica sola post annum 1700 statu publico atque usu in publica disciplina fruitur. Catalana est lingua solita modo 5,7 centesimarum incolarum.<ref>http://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20160817/403994492086/catalan-frances-catalunya-nord-independencia.html Sólo 1´3% emplea a diario el catalán y sólo un 5´7% lo entiende en Rosellón.</ref> Anno 2004 ii, quibus Catalana sermo patrius est, plerique erant natu maiores 70 annis. 30 centesimae discipulorum primariorum et 15 centesimae secundariorum Catalanam linguam alienam discunt.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 191.</ref> [[Curia Generalis Pyrenaeorum Orientalium]] Catalanam die 10 Decembris 2007 publice agnovit unam ex linguis praefecturae esse<ref name="Charte en faveur du Catalan">{{cite web|url=http://www.cg66.fr/202-charte-en-faveur-du-catalan.htm|title=''Charte en faveur du Catalan''|access-date=18 Iunii 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121222154353/http://www.cg66.fr/202-charte-en-faveur-du-catalan.htm|archive-date=22 Decembris 2012|url-status=dead}} {{cite web|url=http://www.cg66.fr/199-la-catalanitat-a-catalunya-nord.htm|title=''La catalanitat a la Catalunya Nord''|access-date=13 Martii 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110309142734/http://www.cg66.fr/199-la-catalanitat-a-catalunya-nord.htm|archive-date=9 Martii 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> et in usu publico iuvenibusque docendis promovere curat. Morale quoque collegium ''[[La Bressola]]'' ludos communitate rectos, qui discipulos in linguam Catalanam immergant, procurat. ===Algarium=== [[Fasciculus:Unitat de la llengua Alghero.jpg|thumb|right|Monumentum unitatis linguae Catalanae, Algarii.]] [[Fasciculus:Alghero Walls.jpg|thumb|200px|Muri [[Algarium|Algarii]].]] Usus [[Lingua Algarensis|dialecti Algarensis]] post [[Secundum Bellum Mundanum]] imminutus est ludis, televisione, atque diariis in [[lingua Italiana]] et adventu hominum [[Lingua Sarda|Sarde]] loquentium. Res publica Itala, per normam de linguis minoribus historicis, talibus linguis uti in rebus gerendis, iuvenibus docendis, et emissionibus radiophonicis televisoriisque [[RAI]] sinit, dummodo tutela linguae quaeratur apud consilium provinciale a municipiis, ubi eam quaerant quindecim centesimae incolarum.<ref name="camera_1"/> Consilium quoque Regionale Sardiniae linguam Catalanam in urbe Algario Italianae et Sardae dignitate aequalem pronuntiaverat.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.uniud.it/cip/min_legge_sarda.htm|título=Legge Regionale 15/10/1997, N. 26. ''Promozione e valorizzazione della cultura e della lingua della Sardegna''. Art. 2.1, 2.4. Consiglio Regionale della Sardegna|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080630065726/http://web.uniud.it/cip/min_legge_sarda.htm|archivedate=30 Iunii 2008|accessdate=10 Iulii 2013}}</ref> Urbs ipsa statutis tutelam atque usum illius promovet.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110722030108/http://www.ciutatdelalguer.it/statuto.pdf ''Estatut Comunal''. Art.9. Ciutat de l'Alguer], 8 Augusti 2000.</ref> Propter originem Catalanam Algarenses urbem suam Barceloneta appellant,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.obracultural.cat/alghero.asp|title=Barceloneta de Sardenya, en la página de la Obra Cultural de l'Alguer|accessdate=10 Iulii 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304120724/http://www.obracultural.cat/alghero.asp|archivedate=4 Martii 2016}}</ref> et necessitudo morum est [[Catalaunia]]e et Algario, confirmata a [[Generalitas Catalauniae|Generalitate Catalauniae]] impendiis ad linguam moresque Catalanas per orbem differendos. Insigne inter tradita patria est ''Cant de Sibil·la'', qui [[Vigilia Natalis Christi]] (sicut in [[Maiorica]]) canitur. Resurrexit tempore novissimo musica lingua Algarensi pacta, inter cuius poetas insignes est exempli gratia cantrix [[Franca Masu]]. ===In disciplina=== [[Transitio Democratica Hispanica|Democratia restituta]], lingua Catalana in [[educatio]]ne reciperata est, sed impariter inter territoria. In Catalaunia enim et Baliaribus facta est lingua vectoria princeps, sed in Communitate Valentina Castellanam velut collegam in disciplina vehenda habet.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/culturacatalana/menuitem.be2bc4cc4c5aec88f94a9710b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=4a2a5c43da896210vgnvcm1000000b0c1e0arcrd&vgnextchannel=4a2a5c43da896210vgnvcm1000000b0c1e0arcrd&vgnextfmt=detall2&contentid=a0e6edfc49ed7210vgnvcm1000008d0c1e0arcrd |title = El catalán en el ámbito educativo |accessdate = 26 Martii 2013 |website = Culturcat ([[Generalidad de Cataluña]]) |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20131211223327/http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/culturacatalana/menuitem.be2bc4cc4c5aec88f94a9710b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=4a2a5c43da896210VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=4a2a5c43da896210VgnVCM1000000b0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=detall2&contentid=a0e6edfc49ed7210VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD |archivedate = 11 Decembris 2013 }}</ref> === In nuntiis publicis === Lingua Catalana in eius territoriis varia [[media communicandi]] utuntur, quae constituunt, ut dicitur, spatium communicativum Catalanum. In nuntiis pressis ostentandi sunt editiones in Catalana [[La Vanguardia]] et [[El Periódico de Cataluña]], diaria solum Catalane edita [[El Punt Avui]], [[Ara (diarium)|Ara]] et [[L'Esportiu]]; copia nuntiorum commarcalium in Catalana ([[Segre (diarium)|Segre]], [[Regió7]], [[Diari de Girona]], [[El 9 Nou]], etc.), magazinae in Catalana ([[El Temps]], [[Sàpiens]], etc.) copiaque diariorum digitalium in Catalana ([[VilaWeb]], [[Racó Català]], [[Nació Digital]], [[Ara (diario)|Ara.cat]], [[3/24|324.cat]], [[Diari de Balears]], etc.). In radiophonia eminent [[Catalunya Ràdio]], [[IB3 Ràdio]], [[À Punt FM]] et [[RAC1]] res omnium generum emittentes, [[Catalunya Informació]] emittens nuntios 24 horis diei, et Catalunya Música, [[Ràdio Flaixbac]], [[Flaix FM]] et [[RAC105]] in emittenda musica. Quantum denique ad televisionem spectat, mentio facienda est canalium generalium [[TV3 (Cataluña)|TV3]], [[IB3 Televisió]], [[À Punt]], [[Andorra Televisión|Andorra Televisió]], [[8tv]] et [[Fibwi4]] et specialium [[3/24]], [[SX3]]/[[El 33|33]], [[Esport3]], [[Barça TV]] et [[Fibracat TV]]. ==Derivatio== [[File:Romance-lg-classification-en.svg|upright=1.36|thumb|Tabula linguarum Romanicarum secundum derivationem digestarum. FP: Franco-Provinciales, IR: Istro-Romanicae.]] Lingua Catalana coniunctionem maximam habet cum [[lingua Occitana|Occitana]], quacum [[linguae Occitano-Romanicae|lingua Occitano-Romanica]] dicitur. Dissentiunt vero docti utrum linguae Occitano-Romanicae penitus [[Linguae Gallo-Romanicae|Gallo-Romanicae]] habendae sint, an quasi pons sint inter has linguas et [[Linguae Ibero-Romanicae|Ibero-Romanicas]]. ===Phonologia=== Lingua Catalana fere ipsa phonemata originis [[linguae Romanicae|linguarum Romanicarum]] reddit, sed phonotactica [[mutiatio phonologica|mutationibus]] condicionalibus manifeste novata est. ====Vocales==== * Commune [[linguae Gallo-Romanicae|linguis Gallo-Romanicis]]: ** Casus vocalium gravium finalium excepta <small>-A</small> (<small>MŪRU(M), FLŌRE(M)</small> > ''mur'', ''flor''), non ut in linguis Ibero-Romanicis, quae eas servant nisi in quibusdam flexionibus <small>-E</small> (''muro'' sed ''flor'' / ''chor''), aut in Italo-Romanicis, quae omnes servant (''muro'', ''fiore''). * Commune Occitanae soli: ** Copia diphthongorum: ([aj] ''mai'' -numquam-, [ej] ''rei'' -eh- [interiectio]), [aw] ''cau'' -cadit-, [ew] ''beu'' -bibit-, [ow] ''pou'' -puteus-...) * Contraria linguis Gallo-Romanicis: ** ''-u-'' Latina servata (nec antelata) (<small>LUNA(M)</small> > Catalane ''lluna'' {{IPA|['ʎuna]}}, Occitane ''luna'' ['lynɔ], [[Francogallice]] ''lune'' ['lyn], [[Linguae Gallo-Italicae|Gallo-Italice]] ['lyna]). ** Vocalis ''*ɛ'' (ex Latina <small>Ĕ</small>) facta /e/ (nisi apud liquidas /r, l, ʎ/, et in aliquot casibus ceteris), et ''*e'' (ex Latina <small>Ē et Ĭ</small>) facta ''*ə''. In dialecto normali, vocale ''*ə'' facta /ɛ/, veteres vocales inversae sunt: <small>NEVE(M)</small> > Catalane ''neu'' [new], Occitane ''nèu'' [nɛw] -nix-; <small>PE(N)SU(M)</small> > Catalane ''pes'' [pɛs], Occitane ''pes'' [pes] -pondus- Dialectus Baliaris vetustam /ə/ servat, et in dialectis occidentalibus ambo soni confluunt in /e/. * Contraria Occitanae: ** Diphthongus AU in {{IPA|[ɔ]}} contractus (<small>CAULE(M), PAUCU(M)</small> > ''col'', ''poc''). ** Vocales ''*ɛ'' et ''*ɔ'' (ex <small>Ĕ</small> et <small>Ŏ</small>) numquam fiunt diphthongi. * Commune australi parti Romanicae occidentalis: ** Series <small>-ACT-</small> facta <small>-ET</small> (<small>LACTE(M), FACTU(M)</small> > ''llet'', ''fet'') Derivatio vocalium acutarum hac tabula conspici potest: :{|class=wikitable |- ! [[Lingua Latina|Latina classica]] !! [[Latina Vulgaris|Proto-<br>Romanica]] !! Proto--<br>Catalana !! Catalana<br>media |- | Ī<br> <small>VĪTAM</small> || /*i/<br>*v'''i'''ta || /*i/<br>*v'''i'''da | /i/<br>v'''i'''da [ˈbið̞ə] |- | Ĭ<br> <small>SICCUM</small> | rowspan=2|/*e/<br> *s'''ẹ'''cọ<br><br> *p'''ẹ'''sọ "pondus" | rowspan=2|/*ə/<br> *s'''ə'''c <br><br> *p'''ə'''s | rowspan=2|/ɛ/<br> s'''e'''c [sɛk] <br><br>p'''e'''s [pɛs] |- | Ē<br> <small>PĒNSUM<br> |- | Ĕ<br> <small>TERRAM<br> MEL<br><br>NIVEM > *NEVEM<br>MEMBRUM</small> | /*ɛ/<br>*t'''ę'''rra<br> *m'''ę'''l(e)<br><br> *n'''ę'''ve<br> *m'''ę'''mbrọ | /*ɛ/<br>*t'''ę'''rra<br> *m'''ę'''l<br><br> *n'''ę'''β<br> *m'''ę'''mbrę | /ɛ/<br>t'''e'''rra [ˈtɛrə]<br>m'''e'''l [mɛɫ]<br>/e/<br>n'''e'''u [new]<br>m'''e'''mbre [ˈmembɾə] |- | Ā<br> <small>PĀNEM<br> || rowspan=2|/*a/<br>*p'''a'''ne<br><br> *c'''a'''di(t) || rowspan=2|/*a/<br>*p'''a'''<br><br> *c'''a'''u || rowspan=2|/a/<br>*p'''a''' [pa]<br><br> *c'''a'''u [kaw] |- | Ă<br> <small>CADIT<br> |- | Ŏ<br> <small>MOVET</small> | /*ɔ/<br> *m'''ǫ'''βi(t) | /*ɔ/<br> *m'''ǫ'''β | /ɔ/<br> m'''o'''u [mɔu] |- | Ō<br> <small>FLŌREM<br> HONŌREM<br> RŌBUR</small> | rowspan=2|/*o/<br> *fl'''ọ'''re<br> *ǫn'''ọ'''re<br> *r'''ọ'''b.re "quercus"<br><br> *f'''ọ'''rca<br> *f'''ọ'''rnọ | rowspan=2|/*o/<br>*fl'''ọ'''r<br> *on'''ọ'''r <br> *r'''ọ'''β.re<br><br>*f'''ọ'''rca <br>*f'''ọ'''rn | rowspan=2|/o/<br> fl'''o'''r<br> hon'''o'''r [uˈn'''o'''ɾ]<br> r'''o'''ure [r'''o'''wɾə]<br><br> f'''o'''rca [foɾkə]<br> f'''o'''rn [foɾn] |- | Ŭ<br> <small>FURCAM<br> FURNUM</small> |- | Ū<br> <small>LŪNAM | /*u/<br> *l'''u'''na | /*u/<br> *ʎ'''u'''na | /u/<br> ll'''u'''na [ʎunə] |} ====Consonantes==== * Commune [[Linguae Gallo-Ibericae|linguis Gallo-Ibericis]]: ** <small>-P-, -T-, -C-</small> inter vocales sonoratae -b-, -d-, -g- (<small>CAPRA(M), CATENA(M), SECURU(M)</small> > ''cabra'', ''cadena'', ''segur'') * Communia [[linguae Gallo-Romanicae|linguis Gallo-Romanicis]]: ** Series <small>PL, CL, FL-</small> ad initium vocabuli servatae (<small>PLICARE, CLAVE(M), FLORE(M)</small> > ''plegar'', ''clau'', ''flor''). ** Consonantes surdae ad finem vocabuli sonorae fiunt si initium vocabuli proximi est vocalis aut consonans sonora. Sic consonantes [s], [t], [p], {{IPA|[ʃ]}}, [k] et {{IPA|[tʃ]}} fiunt [z], [d], [b], {{IPA|[ʒ]}}, [g] y {{IPA|[dʒ]}}. Exempli gratia (elocutione Valentina): "els homes" (''viri'' cum articulo definito) [els] + {{IPA|[ɔmes]}} -> {{IPA|[el'zɔmes]}}; "blat bord" (''triticum silvestre'') [blat] + {{IPA|[boɾ(t)]}} -> {{IPA|[blad'boɾ(t)]}}. * Communia Occitanae ** Casus consonantis -N in fine vocabuli (postquam vocalia finalia ceciderunt; in Latina igitur haec N saepe inter vocales steterat: <small>PANE, VINU</small> > ''pa'', ''vi''). In plurale autem, nisi in quibusdam dialectis septentrionalibus, [n] servata est (e.g.: ''pans'', ''vins''), quod Occitane non fit. ** [[Exsurdatio]] consonantium in fine vocabuli: ''verd'' [t], ''àrab'' [p], ''diàleg'' [k]... * Contraria Occitanae ac propria Catalanae: ** -D, cum inter vocales stetisset, in ''-u'' conversa (<small>PEDE(M), CREDERE</small> > <small>*PĔD, *CRED-RE</small> ''peu'', ''creure'') ** -C + e, i, in fine vocabuli > ''-u'' (<small>*CRUCE(M)</small> > ''*crou'' > ''creu'', <small>PACE(M)</small> > ''pau'') ** Flexio verbalis <small>-TIS</small> derivata est in ''-u'' (<small>MIRATIS</small> 'aspicitis' > ''*miratz'' > ''*mirau'' > ''mirau''/''mireu''.) * Communia aliis linguis Romanicis: ** Redactio serierum <small>-MB-, -ND-</small> > -m-, -n- (<small>CAMBA(M), CUMBA(M), MANDARE, BINDA(M)</small> > ''cama'' -crus-, ''coma'' -vallis montanus-, ''manar'', ''bena'' -fascia-), communis Occitanis dialectis [[Lingua Gasconica|Gasconicae]] et [[Lingua Languedociana|Languedocianae]] meridionali. ** [[Palatizatio]] consonantis <small>L-</small> ad initium vocabuli (<small>LUNA(M), LEGE(M)</small> > ''lluna'', ''llei'' -ley-), communis Fuxiensi (dialecto Occitanae) et [[dominium linguisticum Asturicum|Asturicae]]. ** Palatizatio geminatae <small>-NN-</small> (<small>ANNU(M)</small> > ''any'', <small>CANNA(M)</small> > ''canya''), communis Hispanicae. ** Palatizatio seriei ''-is-'' , quae exstiterat ex <small>-X-, SC-</small> (<small>COXA(M), PISCE(M)</small> > ''cuixa'', ''peix'') ** Affricatae Proto-Romanicae J, G + e, i servatae (JACTARE, GELARE> ''gitar'' -recumbere-, ''gelar'') ** Novae geminatae: ''setmana'' [mm], ''cotna'' [nn], ''espatlla'' [ʎʎ] (vel ''espatla'' [ll]), ''intel·ligent'' [ll], communes Occitanae et dialectis Italis. ===Morphologia=== * Omnes linguae Romanicae [[articulus (grammatica)|articulum]] definitum ex demonstrativo Latino pepererunt, non autem ex eodem. Pars linguae Catalanae (Balearium et orae Gerundensis) articulum [[Lingua Catalana salat|salat]] (< <small>IPSE, IPSA, IPSUM</small>) servavit. Cum hic articulus in prisca lingua Catalana magis valuerit, nunc in dialecto normali plerisque aliis articulus est ''el'', ''la'', ''els'', ''les'' ex <small>ILLE, ILLA, ILLUD</small> (in dialectis occidentalibus, in septentrione Castaliae, et in Algarensi manent dictiones in masculino ''lo'', ''los''). Hoc mutatum plurimas linguas Romanicas sequitur. Articulus ex <small>IPSE</small> alibi valet modo in [[Lingua Sarda|Sarda]], et periclitatur aut exstincta est in quibusdam locis [[Comitatus Provinciae]] et [[Sicilia (regio Italiae)|Siciliae]]. * Tempus praeteritus formatur periphrasi per verba auxiliara ex <small>VADERE</small> derivata, unde verbum quoque ''anar'' ("vadere, ire") tempum praesentem habet: e.g. ''jo vaig anar'', ''tu vas anar'', ''ell va anar'', ''nosaltres vam / vàrem anar'', ''vosaltres vau / vàreu anar'', ''ells van / varen anar'' (praeteritus periphrasticus verbi "ire"). Hoc est commune [[Lingua Occitana|Occitanae]] et quibusdam sermonibus [[Lingua Aragonensis|Aragonensis]]. ===Lexis=== Pleraque vocabula Catalana ab Latinis orta sunt. Similitudo lexica inter Catalanam et alias linguas Romanicas est secundum [[Ethnologue]] (anno 2022): 87% cum Italiana; 85% cum Hispanica et Lusitana; 76% cum [[Lingua Iudaeo-Hispanica|Iudaeo-Hispanica]] et [[Lingua Rhaetica (Romanica)|Rhaetica]]; 75% cum Sarda; 73% cum Dacoromanica. Catalana, ut omnis lingua Romanica, aliquot vocabulis nativis sensum peculiarem dedit. Quorum exempla: * verba: '''cōnfīgere''' > {{lang|ca|confegir}} 'conscribere', '''congemināre''' > {{lang|ca|conjuminar}} 'coniungere', '''dē-ex-somnitāre''' > {{lang|ca|deixondar/-ir}} 'suscitare', '''dēnsāre''' > {{lang|ca|desar}} 'servare', '''ignōrāre''' > {{lang|ca|enyorar}} 'desiderare', '''indāgāre''' > prisca Catalana ''enagar'' 'incitare', '''odiāre''' > pCat ''ujar'' 'lassare, fatigare', '''pācificāre''' > {{lang|ca|apaivagar}} 'pacare', '''repudiāre''' > {{lang|ca|rebutjar}} 'reicere, abnuere'; * nomina: '''brīsam''' > {{lang|ca|brisa}} 'lora', '''budam''' > {{lang|ca|boga}} 'scirpus', '''catarrhum''' > {{lang|ca|cadarn}} 'catarrhus', '''congestam''' > {{lang|ca|congesta}} 'cumulus nivis', '''dēlīrium''' > {{lang|ca|deler}} 'ardor, passio', '''fretum''' > {{lang|ca|freu}} 'frenum mechanicum', '''lābem''' > {{lang|ca|(a)llau}} 'lapsus nivis', '''ōra''' > {{lang|ca|vora}} 'ora, limes', '''pistrīcem''' 'sawfish' > ''pestriu'' > {{lang|ca|pestiu}} 'vulpes marinus, mustelus; raia', '''prūna''' > {{lang|ca|espurna}} 'scintilla', '''tardātiōnem''' > ''tardaó'' > {{lang|ca|tardor}} 'autumnus'.<ref>Bruguera 2008, p. 3046.</ref> Cum et Hispanicae et Catalanae superstratum [[Lingua Gothica|Gothicum]] fuerit, ab eo non eadem sumpserunt. Exempli gratia, Catalana vocabula {{lang|ca|fang}} "lutus" et {{lang|ca|rostir}} "torrere" origine Germana contraponuntur Hispanicis {{lang|es|lodo}} et {{lang|es|asar}} (ex "assare"), cum Catalane {{lang|ca|filosa}} "fusus" et {{lang|ca|templa}} "tempus capitis" dicantur, Hispanica {{lang|es|rueca}} et {{lang|es|sien}} Germanica origine trahat. Similiter se habent vocabula ab [[Lingua Arabica|Arabica]] acceptis. Catalana igitur {{lang|ca|alfàbia}} "tina" et {{lang|ca|rajola}} "tegula" ab Arabica traxit, cum Hispanice eadem {{lang|es|tinaja}} et {{lang|es|teja}} dicantur; Catalane autem oleum dicitur {{lang|ca|oli}} et oliva {{lang|ca|oliva}}, cum Hispanica vocabula {{lang|es|aceite}} et {{lang|es|aceituna}} sint. Multo quidem magis praevalet in lingua Hispanica Arabica pars.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 632.</ref> Super illa vocabula, quae ab Latina hereditate accepit, lingua Catalane cito alia Graeca et Latina imitari coepit. Per medium enim aevum primamque partem moderni, qui Catalane scribebant etiam Latinas litteras norant, quare vocabula Latina facile in scripta moxque in dicta trahebant. Haec iam apud [[Raimundus Lullus|Raimundum Lullum]] inveniuntur, et saeculis XIV et XV multo plura Graeca et Latina vocabula nove accepta quam aliae linguae Romanicae Catalana habebat.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 632.</ref> Aliae linguae, unde vocabula in Catalanam transierunt, sunt [[lingua Anglica|Anglica]], Francogallica, [[Lingua Italiana|Italiana]], [[Lingua Occitana|Occitana]], [[Lingua Hispanica|Castellana]], et [[Lingua Vasconica|Vasconica]]. {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; text-align:center;" |+ Collatio 24 vocabulorum inter 8 linguas Romanicas:<br />Catalanae sunt 17 cognata cum Gallo-Romanicis, 5 [[isoglossa]]e cum Ibero-Romanicis, 3 cum Occitana sola, et 1 vocabulum peculiare.<ref>Jud 1925.</ref><ref>Colón 1993, pp. 33–35.</ref> |- ! [[Latina]] !! Catalana !! [[Lingua Occitana|Occitana]] !! [[Lingua Sarda|Sarda]] ([[Lingua Campidanensis|Campidanensis]]) !! [[Lingua Italiana|Italiana]] !! [[Lingua Francogallica|Francogallica]] !! [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]] !! [[Lingua Lusitana|Lusitana]] !! [[Lingua Dacoromanica|Dacoromanica]] |- | consobrinus || {{lang|ca|'''cosí'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''cosin'''}} || {{lang|src|fradili}} || {{lang|it|'''cugino'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''cousin'''}} || {{lang|es|primo}} || {{lang|pt|primo}}, ''coirmão''|| {{lang|ro|văr}} |- | frater || {{lang|ca|'''germà'''}} || {{lang|oc|fraire}} || {{lang|src|fradi}} || {{lang|it|fratello}} || {{lang|fr|frère}} || {{lang|es|'''hermano'''}} || {{lang|pt|'''irmão'''}} || {{lang|ro|frate}} |- | fratris aut sororis filius || {{lang|ca|'''nebot'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''nebot'''}} || {{lang|src|'''nebodi'''}} || {{lang|it|'''nipote'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''neveu'''}} || {{lang|es|sobrino}} || {{lang|pt|sobrinho}} || {{lang|ro|'''nepot'''}} |- | aestas || {{lang|ca|'''estiu'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''estiu'''}} || '''{{lang|src|istadi}}'''|| {{lang|it|'''estate'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''été'''}} || {{lang|es|verano}}, {{lang|es|'''estío'''}}|| {{lang|pt|verão}}, {{lang|pt|'''estio'''}} || {{lang|ro|vară}} |- | vespera || {{lang|ca|'''vespre'''}} || {{lang|oc|ser}}, {{lang|oc|'''vèspre'''}} || {{lang|src|seru}} || {{lang|it|sera}} || {{lang|fr|soir}} || {{lang|es|tarde, noche}}<ref name="vespera">Lusitane {{lang|pt|véspera}} et Hispanice {{lang|es|víspera}} "pridiana dies" dicitur.</ref> || {{lang|pt|tarde}}, {{lang|pt|serão}}<ref name="vespera"/> || {{lang|ro|seară}} |- | matutinum tempus || {{lang|ca|'''matí'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''matin'''}} || {{lang|src|mangianu}} || {{lang|it|'''mattina'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''matin'''}} || {{lang|es|mañana}} || {{lang|pt|manhã}}, {{lang|pt|'''matina'''}} || {{lang|ro|'''dimineață'''}} |- | sartago || {{lang|ca|'''paella'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''padena'''}} || {{lang|src|'''paella'''}} || {{lang|it|'''padella'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''poêle'''}} || {{lang|es|sartén}} || {{lang|pt|frigideira, fritadeira}} || {{lang|ro|tigaie}} |- | lectus || {{lang|ca|'''llit'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''lièch'''}}, {{lang|oc|'''lèit'''}} || {{lang|src|'''letu'''}} || {{lang|it|'''letto'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''lit'''}} || {{lang|es|cama}}, {{lang|es|'''lecho'''}} || {{lang|pt|cama}}, {{lang|pt|'''leito'''}} || {{lang|ro|pat}} |- | avis || {{lang|ca|'''ocell'''}}, {{lang|ca|'''au'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''aucèl'''}} || {{lang|src|pilloni}} || {{lang|it|'''uccello'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''oiseau'''}} || {{lang|es|'''ave''', pájaro}}|| {{lang|pt|'''ave''', pássaro}}|| {{lang|ro|pasăre}} |- | canis || {{lang|ca|'''gos'''}}, {{lang|ca|'''ca'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''gos'''}}, {{lang|oc|'''canh'''}} || {{lang|src|'''cani'''}} || {{lang|it|'''cane'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''chien'''}} || {{lang|es|perro}}, {{lang|es|'''can'''}} || {{lang|pt|'''cão''', cachorro}} || {{lang|ro|'''câine'''}} |- | prunum || {{lang|ca|'''pruna'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''pruna'''}} || {{lang|src|'''pruna'''}} || {{lang|it|'''prugna'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''prune'''}} || {{lang|es|ciruela}} || {{lang|pt|ameixa}} || {{lang|ro|'''prună'''}} |- | butyrum || {{lang|ca|'''mantega'''}} || {{lang|oc|bodre}} || {{lang|src|burru, butiru}} || {{lang|it|burro}} || {{lang|fr|beurre}} || {{lang|es|'''mantequilla, manteca'''}} || {{lang|pt|'''manteiga'''}} || {{lang|ro|unt}} |- | frustum || {{lang|ca|'''tros'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''tròç'''}}, {{lang|oc|petaç}} || {{lang|src|arrogu}} || {{lang|it|pezzo}} || {{lang|fr|morceau}}, {{lang|fr|pièce}} || {{lang|es|pedazo}}, {{lang|es|'''trozo'''}}<ref name="trozo">Hispanice {{lang|es|trozo}} quoque dicitur, quod vocabulum a {{lang|ca|tros}} tractum est. Colón 1993, p 39. Item Lusitana {{lang|es|troço}} accepit, sensu scilicet novato: "res, instrumentum".</ref> || {{lang|pt|pedaço}}, {{lang|pt|bocado}} || {{lang|ro|bucată}} |- | griseus || {{lang|ca|'''gris'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''gris'''}} || {{lang|src|canu}} || {{lang|it|'''grigio'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''gris'''}} || {{lang|es|'''gris'''}}, {{lang|es|pardo}}<ref> {{lang|es|Gris}} est vocabulum recens ab Occitana acceptum. {{lang|es|Pardo}} est antiquius {{cite book|last1=Gallego|first1=Rosa|last2=Sanz|first2=Juan Carlos|year=2001|title=Diccionario Akal del color|publisher=Akal|language=es|isbn=978-84-460-1083-8}}</ref> || {{lang|pt|cinzento}}, {{lang|pt|'''gris'''}} || {{lang|ro|'''gri'''}},<ref>Saeculo XX a Francogallica acceptum.</ref> {{lang|ro|sur}}, {{lang|ro|cenușiu}} |- | calidus || {{lang|ca|'''calent'''}} || '''{{lang|oc|caud}}'''|| {{lang|src|'''callenti'''}} || '''{{lang|it|caldo}}'''|| '''{{lang|fr|chaud}}'''|| {{lang|es|'''caliente'''}} || {{lang|pt|'''quente'''}} || {{lang|ro|'''cald'''}} |- | nimis || {{lang|ca|'''massa'''}} || {{lang|oc|tròp}} || {{lang|src|tropu}} || {{lang|it|troppo}} || {{lang|fr|trop}} || {{lang|es|de'''mas'''iado}} || {{lang|pt|de'''mais''', de'''mas'''iado}} || {{lang|ro|prea}} |- | velle || {{lang|ca|'''voler'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''vòler'''}} || {{lang|src|'''bolli(ri)'''}} || {{lang|it|'''volere'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''vouloir'''}} || {{lang|es|querer}} || {{lang|pt|querer}} || {{lang|ro|'''a vrea'''}} |- | capere || {{lang|ca|'''prendre'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''prene'''}}, {{lang|oc|'''prendre'''}} || {{lang|src|pigai}} || {{lang|it|'''prendere'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''prendre'''}} || {{lang|es|tomar}}, {{lang|es|'''prender'''}} || {{lang|pt|apanhar, levar}} || {{lang|ro|a lua}} |- | precari || {{lang|ca|'''pregar'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''pregar'''}} || {{lang|src|'''pregai'''}} || {{lang|it|'''pregare'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''prier'''}} || {{lang|es|orar}} || {{lang|pt|orar, rezar, '''pregar'''}} || {{lang|ro|a se ruga}} |- | rogare || {{lang|ca|'''demanar'''}}/{{lang|ca|'''preguntar'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''demandar'''}} || {{lang|src|'''dimandai, preguntai'''}} || {{lang|it|'''domandare'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''demander'''}} || {{lang|es|pedir}}, {{lang|es|'''preguntar'''}} || {{lang|pt|pedir, '''perguntar'''}} || {{lang|ro|a cere, a întreba}} |- | quaerere || {{lang|ca|'''cercar'''}}/{{lang|ca|'''buscar'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''cercar'''}} || {{lang|src|'''circai'''}} || {{lang|it|'''cercare'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''chercher'''}} || {{lang|es|'''buscar'''}} || {{lang|pt|procurar}}, {{lang|pt|'''buscar'''}} || {{lang|ro|a căuta}} |- | advenire || {{lang|ca|'''arribar'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''arribar'''}} || {{lang|src|'''arribai'''}} || {{lang|it|'''arrivare'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''arriver'''}} || {{lang|es|llegar}}, {{lang|es|'''arribar'''}} || {{lang|pt|chegar}} || {{lang|ro|a ajunge}} |- | loqui || {{lang|ca|'''parlar'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''parlar'''}} || {{lang|src|chistionnai, fueddai}} || {{lang|it|'''parlare'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''parler'''}} || {{lang|es|hablar}}, {{lang|es|'''parlar'''}} || {{lang|pt|falar}}, {{lang|pt|'''palrar'''}} || {{lang|ro|a vorbi}} |- | ēsse || {{lang|ca|'''menjar'''}} || {{lang|oc|'''manjar'''}} || {{lang|src|pappai}} || {{lang|it|'''mangiare'''}} || {{lang|fr|'''manger'''}} || {{lang|es|comer}} ({{lang|es-AR|'''manyar'''}} in ''[[Lunfardo]]''; {{lang|es|papear}} sermone vulgari) || {{lang|pt|comer}} ({{lang|pt|papar}} sermone vulgari), {{lang|pt|'''manjar'''}} || {{lang|ro|'''a mânca'''}} |} ==Phonologia== Inter notas insignioribus phonologiae Catalanae sunt: * Contrapositiones vocalium {{IPA|/ɛ e/}} et {{IPA|/ɔ o/}}, ut in aliis [[Linguae Romanicae occidentales|linguis Romanicis occidentalibus]] excepta [[lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]].<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> * Copia diphthongorum cum {{IPA|/w/}}, ut in Galliciana et Lusitana.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> * Copia vocabulorum [[monosyllabum|monosyllaborum]], contraria aliis linguis Romanicis, in quorum fine valde variae consonantes, etiam [[series consonantium]], stare possunt.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> * [[Exsurdatio obstruentium finalium]], quae paria qualia {{lang|ca|amic}} ("amicus") vs. {{lang|ca|amiga}} ("amica") genit.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> Hic describitur praecipue elocutio [[Lingua Catalana Mediana|Catalanae Medianae]], quae normalis habetur. ===Vocales=== [[File:Catalan vowel chart.svg|thumb|[[Vocalis|Vocales]] Catalanae orientalis normalis<ref>Carbonell & Llisterri 1999, p. 62.</ref>]] Catalana servat, sicut pleraeque [[linguae Romanicae occidentales]] excepta [[lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], septem vocales acutas [[Latina Vulgaris|linguae Proto-Romanicae]].<ref>Hic, ut fieri solet, "lingua Proto-Romanica" designat linguam minorem quam Proto-Romanica sensu stricto, matrem non Sardae sed omnium Romanicarum ceterarum.</ref>: {{IPA|/a ɛ e i ɔ o u/}}.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> [[Lingua Baliaris|Dialectus Baliaris]] octavam habet {{IPA|/ə/}}.<ref>Wheeler 2010, pp. 37, 53-54.</ref> In dialecto normali, vocales graves in tres rediguntur: {{IPA|/a e ɛ/ > [ə]}}; {{IPA|/o ɔ u/ > [u]}}; {{IPA|/i/}} distincta manet. Aliae dialecti aliter vocales redigunt. {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; text-align:center;" |+ Exempla redactionis vocalium in Catalana Mediana<ref>Wheeler 2010, pp. 53-55.</ref><br />In primo vocabulo cuiusque paris radix acuta est, in secundo gravis. |- ! !! colspan="3" | Vocales anteriores !! colspan="2" | Vocales posteriores |- ! Vocabula | {{lang|ca|gel}} ("gelus")<br />{{lang|ca|gelat}} ("lac gelidum") || {{lang|ca|pedra}} ("lapis")<br />{{lang|ca|pedrera}} ("lapicidinae") || {{lang|ca|banya}} ("lavat")<br />{{lang|ca|banyem}} ("lavamus") || {{lang|ca|cosa}} ("res")<br />{{lang|ca|coseta}} ("recula") || {{lang|ca|tot}} ("omnia")<br />{{lang|ca|total}} ("summa") |- ! Transcriptio<br />in IPA | {{IPA|[ˈʒɛl]}}<br />{{IPA|[ʒəˈlat]}} || {{IPA|[ˈpeðɾə]}}<br />{{IPA|[pəˈðɾeɾə]}} || {{IPA|[ˈbaɲə]}}<br />{{IPA|[bəˈɲɛm]}} || {{IPA|[ˈkɔzə]}}<br />{{IPA|[kuˈzɛtə]}} || {{IPA|[ˈtot]}}<br />{{IPA|[tuˈtal]}} |} ===Diphthongi=== Plerique diphthongi Catalani sunt diphthongi cadentes (i.e. prima vocalis est plena vocalis, secundaque fit consonans approximans vel semivocalis). * Haec vocabula diphthongum habent, itaque monosyllaba sunt: *: ''mai'' 'numquam' {{IPA|[maj]}} / ''noi'' 'puer' {{IPA|[nɔj]}} *: ''pau'' 'pax' {{IPA|[paw]}} / ''bou'' 'bos' {{IPA|[bɔw]}} *: ''diu'' 'dicit' {{IPA|[diw]}} * Haec hiatum habent, itaque bisyllaba sunt: *: ''dia'' 'dies' {{IPA|['di.ə]}} *: ''cua'' 'cauda' {{IPA|['ku.ə]}} *: ''diuen'' 'dicunt' {{IPA|['diwən]}} Diphthongi scandentes fiunt modo {{IPA|[w]}} semivocali post {{IPA|[k]}} et {{IPA|[g]}}: : ''aigua'' «aqua» {{IPA|['aj.gwə]}} (2 syllabae) : ''ungüent'' «unguentum» {{IPA|[uŋ.'gwɛnt]}} (2 syllabae) : ''pingüí'' «spheniscida» {{IPA|[piŋ.'gwi]}} (2 syllabae) : ''llenguota'' «lingua grandis» {{IPA|[ʎəŋ.gwɔ.tə]}} (3 syllabae) : ''quatre'' «quattuor» {{IPA|['kwa.tɾə]}} (2 syllabae) : ''qüestió'' «quaestio» {{IPA|[kwəs.ti.'o]}} (3 syllabae) : ''quota'' «rata pars» {{IPA|['kwɔ.tə]}} (2 syllabae) ===Consonantes=== Systema consonantium Catalanum plerumque Proto-Romanicum conservat. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Consonantes Catalanae<ref>Carbonell & Llisterri 1999, pp. 61–65.</ref> ! colspan="2" | ! [[Consonans bilabialis|Bilabiales]] ! [[Consonans alveolaris|Alveolares]]<br />/ [[Consonans dentalis|Dentales]] ! [[Consonans palatalis|Palatales]] ! [[Consonans velaris|Velares]] |- ! colspan="2" | [[Consonans nasalis|Nasales]] | m | n | ɲ | ŋ |- ! rowspan="2" | [[Consonans muta|Mutae]] ! <small>[[surditas (phonetica)|surdae]]</small> | p | t | colspan="2" | k |- ! <small>[[sonoritas (phonetica)|sonorae]]</small> | b | d | colspan="2" | ɡ |- ! rowspan="2" | [[Consonans affricata|Affricatae]] ! <small>[[surditas (phonetica)|surdae]]</small> | | ts | tʃ | |- ! <small>[[sonoritas (phonetica)|sonorae]]</small> | | dz | dʒ | |- ! rowspan="2" | [[Consonans fricativa|Fricativae]] ! <small>[[surditas (phonetica)|surdae]]</small> | f | s | ʃ | |- ! <small>[[sonoritas (phonetica)|sonorae]]</small> | (v) | z | ʒ | |- ! rowspan="2" | [[Consonans approximans|Approximantes]] ! <small>[[Consonans centralis|centrales]]</small> | | | j | w |- ! <small>[[Consonans lateralis|laterales]]</small> | | l | ʎ | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Consonans tremula simplex|Tremulae simplices]] | | ɾ | | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Consonans tremula multiplex|Tremulae multiplices]] | | r | | |} {{Clear}} ====Mutae et affricatae==== Consonantes mutae et affricatae sonorae ({{IPA|/b/}}, {{IPA|/d/}}, {{IPA|/dʒ/}}, {{IPA|/g/}}) ad finem vocabuli cum surdis ({{IPA|/p/}}, {{IPA|/t/}}, {{IPA|/ts/}}, {{IPA|/tʃ/}}, {{IPA|/k/}}) commiscentur.<ref>Lloret 2004, p. 278.</ref> Elocutio est surda si sequitur sonus surdus aut pausa et sonora si sequitur sonus sonorus. Inter vocales autem aut liquidas mutae sonorae [[lenitio|leniuntur]] in fricativas: {{IPA|/b/}} > {{IPA|[β]}}, {{IPA|/d/}} > {{IPA|[ð]}}, {{IPA|/ɡ/}} > {{IPA|[ɣ]}}; excipiuntur {{IPA|/d/}} post [[sonsonans lateralis|laterales]] et {{IPA|/b/}} post {{IPA|/f/}}. ====Fricativae==== In sermone normali {{IPA|/v/}} cum {{IPA|/b/}} [[betacismus|commixta]] est.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 13.</ref> Manet tamen in Balearica,<ref>Carbonell & Llisterri 1992, p. 53.</ref> [[Lingua Algarensis|Algarensi]], [[Lingua Valentina|Valentina]], et quibusdam locis Catalauniae australis.<ref>Veny 2007, p. 51.</ref> Omnibus fricativis ad finem vocabuli ante pausam aut sonum surdum elocutio contingit surda, sed ad finem vocabuli ante sonum sonorum /s/ et {{IPA|/ʃ/}} sonorae fiunt. ====Liquidae==== Apud /l/ /ʎ/ /m/ /n/, consonantes geminatas /l:/ /ʎ:/ /m:/ /n:/ habet sermo normalis. Sunt qui /r/ multiplicem arbitrentur geminatam habendam apud /ɾ/ simplicem.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bonet |first1=Eulàlia |last2=Mascaró |first2=Joan |year=1997 |chapter=On the Representation of Contrasting Rhotics |title=Issues in the Phonology and Morphology of the Major Iberian Languages |url=https://archive.org/details/issuesinphonolog0000unse |editor1-last=Martínez-Gil |editor1-first=Fernando |editor2-last=Morales-Front |editor2-first=Alfonso |publisher=Georgetown University Press |isbn=978-0-87840-647-0}}.</ref> In sermone normali, consonanti {{IPA|/l/}} elocutio velarizata {{IPA|[ɫ]}} semper contingit, sed in dialectis occidentalibus hoc modo in coda [[syllaba]]e fit.<ref>Recasens & Espinosa 2005, p. 20.</ref> Situs rhoticarum {{IPA|/r/}} et {{IPA|/ɾ/}} est valde similis ut in [[Phonetica Hispanica|Hispanica]]. Ergo inter vocales contraponuntur, sed alibi sunt in situ complementario. Si prima consonans est in syllaba, {{IPA|[r]}} evenit, si in initio syllabae sed post consonantem , evenit {{IPA|[ɾ]}}. In cauda variatur per dialectos: sermo normalis habet {{IPA|[r]}} infirme multiplicem, sed dialectis occidentalibus solet esse {{IPA|[ɾ]}}.<ref>Padgett 2009, p. 432.</ref> ==Scriptura== [[File:Catalan geminated L in a dictionary.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Vocabulum {{lang|ca|novel·la}} ("mythistoria") in dictionario. Catalana L geminata ({{lang|ca|l·l}}) est insignis.]] [[File:Billboard in Barcelona (detail).png|thumb|upright=0.8|Tabula [[Barcino]]ni (pars), ubi ostenditur vocabulum {{lang|ca|il·lusió}} ("praestigiae")]] {| class="wikitable" style=" text-align: center;" ! Formae principales | {{lang|ca|[[A]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[B]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[C]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[D]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[E]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[F]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[G]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[H]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[I]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[J]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[K]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[L]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[M]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[N]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[O]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[P]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[Q]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[R]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[S]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[T]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[U]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[V]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[W]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[X]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[Y]]|italic=unset}} || {{lang|ca|[[Z]]|italic=unset}} |- ! Formae subiunctae | {{lang|ca|À|italic=unset}} || || {{lang|ca|Ç|italic=unset}} || || {{lang|ca|É|italic=unset}} {{lang|ca|È|italic=unset}} || colspan="3" | || {{lang|ca|Í|italic=unset}} {{lang|ca|Ï|italic=unset}} || colspan="2" | || {{lang|ca|L·L|italic=unset}} || colspan="2" | || {{lang|ca|Ó|italic=unset}} {{lang|ca|Ò|italic=unset}} || colspan="5" | || {{lang|ca|Ú|italic=unset}} {{lang|ca|Ü|italic=unset}} || colspan="6" | |} Lingua Catalana [[Abecedarium Latinum|litteris Latinis]] scribitur, cum aliquot litteris adiectis et digraphis, modo ordinato ac plerumque phonologiam reddente.<ref>Wheeler 2010, p. 6.</ref> Litterae K, W, Y solum in vocabula peregrina usurpantur. Norma scribendi tractata est inter alia in Primo Congressu Gentium de Lingua Catalana, qui Barcinoni Octobri 1906 habitus est. Deinde Sectio Philologica Institut d'Estudis Catalans (IEC, anno 1911 constituti) ''Normes ortogràfiques'' anno 1913 dirigentibus [[Antonius Maria Alcover|Antonio Maria Alcover]] [[Pompeius Fabra|Pompeioque Fabra]] edidit. Anno 1932 Valentini scriptores atque sapientes [[Castalia]]e congressi ''[[Normes de Castelló]]'', normas IEC secutas, sollemniter adoptarunt.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cUu_apMqBF0C |title=The Architect of Modern Catalan: Selected writings |date=2009 |publisher=John Benjamins Publishing |isbn=978-9027289247 |editor-last=Carreras |editor-first=Joan Costa |language=en |translator-last=Yates |translator-first=Alan}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ Elocutio litterarum Catalanarum |- ! !! Elocutio !! Exempla |- ! {{lang|ca|a}} | {{IPA|/a/}} || {{lang|ca|banya}} {{IPA|[ˈbaɲə]}} ("lavat") |- ! {{lang|ca|à}} | {{IPA|/a/}}|| {{lang|ca|ànima}} {{IPA|[ˈanimə]}} ("anima") |- ! {{lang|ca|b}} | {{IPA|/b/}} ({{IPA|[b~β]}}), sed ''mb'' in fine syllabae sonat {{IPA|[m]}} || {{lang|ca|boig}} {{IPA|['bɔtʃ]}} ("insanus"), {{lang|ca|amb}} {{IPA|[əm]}} ("cum") |- ! {{lang|ca|c}} | {{IPA|/k/}}; {{IPA|/s/}} ante ''e'', ''i''; ''nc'' in fine syllabae sonat {{IPA|[ŋ]}} || {{lang|ca|cunya}} {{IPA|['kuɲə]}} ("cunea"); {{lang|ca|felices}} {{IPA|[fə'ɫisəs]}} ("felices", feminino genere); {{lang|ca|blanc}} {{IPA|[ˈbɫaŋ]}} ("albus") |- ! {{lang|ca|ç}} | {{IPA|/s/}} || {{lang|ca|feliç}} {{IPA|[fəˈɫis]}} ("felix") |- ! {{lang|ca|d}} | {{IPA|/d/}} ({{IPA|[d~ð]}}); ''nd'' in fine syllabae sonat {{IPA|[n]}} || {{lang|ca|desig}} {{IPA|[də'zitʃ]}} ("desiderium"), {{lang|ca|rotund}} {{IPA|[ru'tun]}} ("merus, manifestus") |- ! {{lang|ca|e}} | {{IPA|/e/}}, {{IPA|/ɛ/}} || {{lang|ca|membre}} {{IPA|[ˈmembɾə]}} ("membrum"), {{lang|ca|pel}} {{IPA|[ˈpɛɫ]}} ("pilus") |- ! {{lang|ca|é}} | {{IPA|/e/}} || {{lang|ca|també}} {{IPA|[təmˈbe]}} ("quoque") |- ! {{lang|ca|è}} | {{IPA|/ɛ/}} || {{lang|ca|elèctric}} {{IPA|[əˈɫɛktrik]}} ("electricus") |- ! {{lang|ca|f}} | {{IPA|/f/}} || {{lang|ca|foc}} {{IPA|[ˈfɔk]}} ("ignis") |- ! rowspan="3" | {{lang|ca|g}} | Plerumque {{IPA|/g/}} ({{IPA|[ɡ~ɣ]}}) || {{lang|ca|botiga}} {{IPA|[buˈtiɣə]}} ("taberna") |- | {{IPA|/ʒ/}} ante {{lang|ca|e}} et {{lang|ca|i}} || {{lang|ca|boges}} {{IPA|['bɔʒəs]}} ("insanae") |- | ''ng'' in fine syllabae sonat {{IPA|[ŋ]}} || {{lang|ca|fang}} {{IPA|[ˈfaŋ]}} ("lutus") |- ! rowspan="2" | {{lang|ca|gu}} | {{IPA|/ɡ/}} ante {{lang|ca|i}} et {{lang|ca|e}} || {{lang|ca|guerra}} {{IPA|[ˈɡɛrə]}} ("bellum") |- | {{IPA|/ɡw/}} alibi || {{lang|ca|guant}} {{IPA|[ˈɡwan]}} ("digitabulum") |- ! {{lang|ca|gü}} | {{IPA|/ɡw/}} (scribitur ante {{lang|ca|e}} et {{lang|ca|i}}) || {{lang|ca|llengües}} {{IPA|[ˈʎɛŋ.ɡwəs]}} ("linguae") |- ! {{lang|ca|h}} | tacita || {{lang|ca|ham}} {{IPA|[ˈam]}} ("hamus") |- ! {{lang|ca|i}} | {{IPA|/i/}}, {{IPA|/j/}} || {{lang|ca|amic}} {{IPA|[əˈmik]}} ("amicus"), {{lang|ca|rei}} {{IPA|[ˈrej]}} ("rex") |- ! {{lang|ca|í}} | {{IPA|/i/}} acuta || {{lang|ca|camí}} {{IPA|[kəˈmi]}} ("via") |- ! {{lang|ca|ï}} | {{IPA|/i/}} in hiatu || {{lang|ca|ruïna}} {{IPA|[ru.'i.nə]}} ("ruina") |- ! {{lang|ca|ig}} | {{IPA|[tʃ], [dʒ]}} et {{IPA|[itʃ], [idʒ]}} in fine vocabuli|| {{lang|ca|raig}} {{IPA|[ˈratʃ]}} ("rivus"), {{lang|ca|desig}} {{IPA|[də'zitʃ]}} ("desiderium") |- ! {{lang|ca|ix}} | {{IPA|/ʃ/}} ({{IPA|[jʃ]}} in quibusdam dialectis), {{IPA|/iʃ/}} || {{lang|ca|caixa}} {{IPA|[ˈkaʃə]}} ("capsa"), {{lang|ca|guix}} {{IPA|[ˈɡiʃ]}} ("creta") |- ! {{lang|ca|j}} | {{IPA|/ʒ/}} || {{lang|ca|boja}} {{IPA|['bɔʒə]}} ("insana") |- ! {{lang|ca|l}} | {{IPA|/l/}} || {{lang|ca|gel}} {{IPA|[ˈʒɛɫ]}} ("gelus") |- ! {{lang|ca|ll}} | {{IPA|/ʎ/}} || {{lang|ca|lloc}} {{IPA|[ˈʎɔk]}} ("locus") |- ! {{lang|ca|l·l}} | {{IPA|/ll/}} || {{lang|ca|novel·la}} {{IPA|[nuˈβɛɫɫə]}} ("mythistoria") |- ! {{lang|ca|m}} | {{IPA|/m/}} || {{lang|ca|banyem}} {{IPA|[bəˈɲɛm]}} ("lavamus") |- ! {{lang|ca|n}} | {{IPA|/n/}}, sed etiam {{IPA|/m/}} ante bilabiales et {{IPA|/ŋ/}} ante velares|| {{lang|ca|envegen}} {{IPA|[əmˈbɛ.ʒən]}} ("invident"), {{lang|ca|llengua}} {{IPA|[ˈˈʎɛŋ.ɡwə]}} ("lingua") |- ! {{lang|ca|ny}} | {{IPA|/ɲ/}} || {{lang|ca|Catalunya}} {{IPA|[kətəˈɫuɲə]}} ("[[Catalaunia]]") |- ! {{lang|ca|o}} | {{IPA|/o/}}, {{IPA|/ɔ/}} || {{lang|ca|fons}} {{IPA|[ˈfons]}} ("fundus"), {{lang|ca|home}} {{IPA|[ˈɔmi]}} ("vir") |- ! {{lang|ca|ó}} | {{IPA|/o/}} || {{lang|ca|cançó}} {{IPA|[kənˈso]}} ("cantus") |- ! {{lang|ca|ò}} | {{IPA|/ɔ/}} || {{lang|ca|pròxim}} {{IPA|[ˈpɾɔksim]}} ("propinquus") |- ! {{lang|ca|p}} | {{IPA|/p/}}; ''mp'' in fine syllabae sonat {{IPA|[m]}} || {{lang|ca|pedra}} {{IPA|[ˈpeðɾə]}} ("lapis"), {{lang|ca|compte}} {{IPA|[ˈkom.tə]}} ("ratio") |- ! rowspan="2" | {{lang|ca|qu}} | {{IPA|/k/}} ante {{lang|ca|i}} et {{lang|ca|e}} || {{lang|ca|qui}} {{IPA|[ki]}} ("qui") |- | {{IPA|/kw/}} alibi || {{lang|ca|quatre}} {{IPA|[ˈkwatrə]}} ("quattuor") |- ! {{lang|ca|qü}} | {{IPA|/kw/}} (scribitur ante {{lang|ca|e}} et {{lang|ca|i}}) || {{lang|ca|obliqües}} {{IPA|[uβˈɫikwəs]}} ("obliquae") |- ! {{lang|ca|r}} | {{IPA|/r/}} ad initium vocabuli et ante pausam, {{IPA|/ɾ/}} alibi, sed ad finem vocabuli saepe tacet|| {{lang|ca|roure}} {{IPA|[ˈrowɾə]}} ("quercus"), {{lang|ca|pedrera}} {{IPA|[pəˈðɾeɾə]}} ("lapicidinae"), {{lang|ca|posar}} {{IPA|[puˈza]}} ("ponere"), {{lang|ca|aqüífer}} {{IPA|[ə.'kwi.fəɾ]}} ("solum aquarium") |- ! {{lang|ca|rr}} | {{IPA|/r/}} (scribitur inter vocales)|| {{lang|ca|ferro}} {{IPA|[ˈfɛru]}} ("ferrum") |- ! {{lang|ca|s}} | Plerumque {{IPA|/s/}}, sed inter vocales {{IPA|/z/}} || {{lang|ca|set}} {{IPA|[ˈsɛt]}} ("sitis"), {{lang|ca|casa}} {{IPA|[ˈkazə]}} ("domus") |- ! {{lang|ca|ss}} | {{IPA|/s/}} (scribitur inter vocales) || {{lang|ca|grossa}} {{IPA|[ˈɡɾɔsə]}} ("magna") |- ! {{lang|ca|t}} | Plerumque {{IPA|/t/}}<br /><br />Ante liquidam, signum geminandi<br />Ante sibilantem, signum affricandi<br /><br />Post ''n'' et ''l'' ad finem syllabae tacet|| {{lang|ca|tot}} {{IPA|[ˈtot]}} ("omnia")<br />{{lang|ca|atlas}} {{IPA|[ˈaɫɫəs]}} ("atlas"), {{lang|ca|rotllo}} {{IPA|[ˈrɔʎʎu]}} ("volumen"), {{lang|ca|setmana}} {{IPA|[səmˈmanə]}} ("septimana"), {{lang|ca|cotna}} {{IPA|[ˈkonnə]}} ("corium") <br />{{lang|ca|fetge}} {{IPA|[ˈfeddʒə]}} ("iecur"), {{lang|ca|mitjó}} {{IPA|[midˈdʒo]}} ("udo"), {{lang|ca|despatx}} {{IPA|[dəsˈpatʃ]}} ("tabularium"), {{lang|ca|dotze}} {{IPA|[ˈdoddzə]}} ("duodecim"), {{lang|ca|potser}} {{IPA|[putˈsɛ]}} ("fortasse")<br />{{lang|ca|guant}} {{IPA|[ˈɡwan]}} ("digitabulum") |- ! {{lang|ca|u}} | {{IPA|/u/, /w/}} || {{lang|ca|vuit}} {{IPA|[bujt]}} ("octo"), {{lang|ca|neu}} {{IPA|[new]}} ("nix") |- ! {{lang|ca|ú}} | {{IPA|[u]}} || {{lang|ca|pallús}} {{IPA|[pəˈʎus]}} ("stultus") |- ! {{lang|ca|ü}} | {{IPA|[u]}} in hiatu || {{lang|ca|taüt}} {{IPA|[təˈut]}} ("arca cadaveris") |- ! {{lang|ca|v}} | {{IPA|/b/}} ({{IPA|[b~β]}}) || {{lang|ca|ven}} {{IPA|[ben]}} ("vendit") |- ! {{lang|ca|x}} | {{IPA|[ʃ]}} in initio vocabuli aut post consonantem<br />post vocalem (nisi ''i''), {{IPA|[ɡz]}} ante vocalem acutam, {{IPA|[ks]}} post vocalem acutam || {{lang|ca|xarxa}} {{IPA|[ˈʃarʃə]}} ("rete")<br />{{lang|ca|exacte}} {{IPA|[əɡˈzaktə]}} ("exactus"), {{lang|ca|fax}} {{IPA|[ˈfaks]}} ("facsimile") |- ! {{lang|ca|z}} | {{IPA|/z/}} || {{lang|ca|quinze}} {{IPA|[ˈkinzə]}} ("quindecim") |} ===Scriptura Braille=== Litterae Catalanae [[scriptura Braille]] sic efficiuntur.<ref>{{cite book|title=World Braille Usage|date=2013|publisher=Perkins|isbn=978-0-8444-9564-4|page=172|edition=3a.|lang=Anglica}}</ref> <gallery widths="50px" heights="60px" perrow="20"> Fasciculus:Braille A1.svg|[[a]] Fasciculus:Braille B2.svg|[[b]] Fasciculus:Braille C3.svg|[[c]] Fasciculus:Braille D4.svg|[[d]] Fasciculus:Braille E5.svg|[[e]] Fasciculus:Braille F6.svg|[[f]] Fasciculus:Braille G7.svg|[[g]] Fasciculus:Braille H8.svg|[[h]] Fasciculus:Braille I9.svg|[[i]] Fasciculus:Braille J0.svg|[[j]] Fasciculus:Braille K.svg|[[k]] Fasciculus:Braille L.svg|[[l]] Fasciculus:Braille M.svg|[[m]] Fasciculus:Braille N.svg|[[n]] Fasciculus:Braille O.svg|[[o]] Fasciculus:Braille P.svg|[[p]] Fasciculus:Braille Q.svg|[[q]] Fasciculus:Braille R.svg|[[r]] Fasciculus:Braille S.svg|[[s]] Fasciculus:Braille T.svg|[[t]] Fasciculus:Braille U.svg|[[u]] Fasciculus:Braille V.svg|[[v]] Fasciculus:Braille W.svg|[[w]] Fasciculus:Braille X.svg|[[x]] Fasciculus:Braille Y.svg|[[y]] Fasciculus:Braille Z.svg|[[z]] Fasciculus:Braille À.svg|[[à]] Fasciculus:Braille É.svg|[[é]] Fasciculus:Braille È.svg|[[è]] Fasciculus:Braille_ST.svg|[[í]] Fasciculus:Braille Ï.svg|[[ï]] Fasciculus:Braille Ö.svg|[[ó]] Fasciculus:Braille Ò.svg|[[ò]] Fasciculus:Braille Ù.svg|[[ú]] Fasciculus:Braille Ü.svg|[[ü]] Fasciculus:Braille AND.svg|[[ç]] Fasciculus:Braille ContractionPrefix.svg|[[·]] </gallery> ==Morphosyntaxis== Morphosyntaxis Catalana est similis ceteris [[linguae Romanicae|linguis Romanicis]]. Notanda sunt:<ref>Swan 2001, pp. 97–98.</ref> * [[Articulus (grammatica)|Articuli]] et definitus et indefinitus. * [[Nomen substantivum|Nomina]], [[Adiectivum|adiectiva]], [[pronomen|pronomina]], et [[articulus (grammatica)|articuli]] per [[genus grammaticum|genera]] (masculinum et femininum) et [[numerus grammaticus|numeros]] (singularem et pluralem) [[flexura|flectuntur]]. Per [[casus grammaticus|casus]] autem nihil flectitur nisi pronomina. * [[Verbum (temporale)|Verbis]] est flexura ampla per [[persona grammatica|personas]], [[numerus grammaticus|numeros]], [[tempus grammaticum|tempora]], [[aspectus (ars grammatica|aspectus]], et [[modus grammaticus|modos]] (etiam modum [[coniunctivus|coniunctivum]]). * Vocabula praecipue, at non rigide, ordine subiectum-verbum-obiectum posita. ===Nomina et adiectiva=== [[File:Flexió of word Gat.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Flexura vocabuli {{lang|ca|gat}} ("felis")]] {| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Nomen utriusque generis cum articulo definito: {{lang|ca|el gat}} ("felis") |- ! !! masculinum !! femininum |- ! singularis | {{lang|ca|el gat}} || {{lang|ca|la gat'''a'''}} |- ! pluralis | {{lang|ca|els gat'''s'''}} || {{lang|ca|les gat'''es'''}} |} | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Adiectivum 4 formarum: <br />{{lang|ca|verd}} ("viridis") |- ! !! masculinum !! femininum |- ! singularis | {{lang|ca|verd}} || {{lang|ca|verd'''a'''}} |- ! pluralis | {{lang|ca|verd'''s'''}} || {{lang|ca|verd'''es'''}} |} | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Adiectivum 3 formarum: <br />{{lang|ca|feliç}} ("felix") |- ! !! masculinum !! femininum |- ! singularis | colspan="2" | {{lang|ca|feliç}} |- ! pluralis | {{lang|ca|feliç'''os'''}} || {{lang|ca|felic'''es'''}} |} | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Adiectivum 2 formarum: <br />{{lang|ca|indiferent}} ("indifferens") |- ! !! masculinum !! femininum |- ! singularis | colspan="2" | {{lang|ca|indiferent}} |- ! pluralis | colspan="2" | {{lang|ca|indiferent'''s'''}} |} |} Flexura per [[genus grammaticum|genera]] notabilissime differt a [[lingua Lusitana|Lusitana]], [[lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]], et [[lingua Italiana|Italiana]] [[suffixum|suffixo]] [[masculinum|masculino]] {{lang|ca|-o}} amisso, quam ob rem vicissitudo {{lang|ca|-o}}/{{lang|ca|-a}} mutata est in ''ø''/{{lang|ca|-a}}.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> Excipiuntur pauca, ut {{lang|ca|minso}}/{{lang|ca|minsa}} ("rarus/rara").<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> Fiunt multae vicissitudines non penitus regulares, inter alias:<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> * Affricatio: {{lang|ca|bo'''ig'''}}/{{lang|ca|bo'''j'''<u>a</u>}} ("insanus/insana") vs. {{lang|ca|lle'''ig'''}}/{{lang|ca|lle'''tj'''<u>a</u>}} ("turpis") * {{lang|ca|n}} amissa: {{lang|ca|pla}}/{{lang|ca|pla'''n'''<u>a</u>}} ("planus/plana") vs. {{lang|ca|sego'''n'''}}/{{lang|ca|sego'''n'''<u>a</u>}} ("secundus/secunda") * [[Exsurdatio obstruentium finalium]]: {{lang|ca|senti'''t'''}}/{{lang|ca|senti'''d'''<u>a</u>}} ("sentitus/sentita") vs. {{lang|ca|di'''t'''}}/{{lang|ca|di'''t'''<u>a</u>}} ("dictus/dicta") Paria [[suppletio|suppletiva]] sunt rara ut in lingua Italiana et Hispanica, nec Francogallica. Catalane igitur dicitur {{lang|ca|noi}}/{{lang|ca|noia}} ("puer"/"puella") et {{lang|ca|gall}}/{{lang|ca|gallina}} ("gallus"/"gallina"), cum Francogallice sint {{lang|ca|garçon}}/{{lang|ca|fille}} et {{lang|ca|coq}}/{{lang|ca|poule}}.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> Adiectivis generis ambigui ex tertia declinatione nova nota feminina inici solet, ut etiam in [[lingua Occitana|Occitana]] et Francogallica. Invenitur igitur {{lang|ca|bullent}}/{{lang|ca|bullenta}} ("fervens") apud traditum {{lang|ca|bullent}}/{{lang|ca|bullent}}.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> Ut in aliis linguis Romanicis occidentalibus, pluralem exprimit praecipue suffixum {{lang|ca|-s}}, quod similiter ut flexura per genera, tamen rarius, vicissitudines morphologicas efficit.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> Quarum gravissima est {{lang|ca|-o-}} quibusdam seriebus consonantium in masculino genere iniecta: {{lang|ca|el pols}}/{{lang|ca|els polsos}} ("pulsus"/"pulsūs") vs. {{lang|ca|la pols}}/{{lang|ca|les pols}} ("pulvis"/"pulvera").<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630-631.</ref> ===Determinantia=== [[File:Begur - Plaça de la Vila - Catalunya.jpg|thumb|Tabula in foro [[Begur]]is, oppidi Catalauniae. In {{lang|ca|plaça de la vila}} (Latine "forum oppidi"), nomini {{lang|ca|vila}} ("oppidum"), quia unum certum oppidum dicitur, articulus definitus {{lang|ca|la}} est adiectus.]] {| | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Articulus definitus in sermone Catalano normali<br />(formae elisae inter parentheses)<ref>Fabra 1926, pp. 29–30.</ref> |- ! !! masculinum !! femininum |- ! singularis | {{lang|ca|el}} ({{lang|ca|l<nowiki>'</nowiki>}}) || {{lang|ca|la}} ({{lang|ca|l<nowiki>'</nowiki>}}) |- ! pluralis | {{lang|ca|els}} || {{lang|ca|les}} |} | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Contractiones articuli definiti |- ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="3" | praepositio |- ! a !! de !! per |- ! rowspan="2" | articulus || el | {{lang|ca|al}} ({{lang|ca|a l<nowiki>'</nowiki>}}) || {{lang|ca|del}} ({{lang|ca|de l<nowiki>'</nowiki>}}) || {{lang|ca|pel}} ({{lang|ca|per l<nowiki>'</nowiki>}}) |- ! els | {{lang|ca|als}} || {{lang|ca|dels}} || {{lang|ca|pels}} |} | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Articulus indefinitus |- ! !! masculinum !! femininum |- ! singularis | {{lang|ca|un}} || {{lang|ca|una}} |- ! pluralis | {{lang|ca|uns}} || {{lang|ca|unes}} |} |} Flexura determinantium est multiplex, praecipue ob multitudinem elisionum, similis tamen linguis vicinis.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> Sunt plures contractiones praepositionum cum articulo quam [[lingua Hispanica|Hispanicae]], ut {{lang|ca|dels}} (praepositio genitiva cum articulo definito masculino plurali), sed pauciores quam [[lingua Italiana|Italianae]] (cui sunt {{lang|it|sul}}, {{lang|it|col}}, {{lang|it|nel}}, etc.).<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 630.</ref> In Catalana Mediana paene omissa sunt possessiva gravia ({{lang|ca|mon}}, etc.) elataque sunt acuta cum articulo ({{lang|ca|el meu}}, etc.), sicut in Italiana.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> ===Pronomina personalia=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; float:right; margin-left: 1em;" |+ Pronomina acuta Catalana<ref>Fabra 1926, p. 42.</ref> ! colspan="2" | &nbsp; !! singular !! plural |- ! colspan="2" | 1a persona | {{lang|ca|jo}}, {{lang|ca|mi}} || {{lang|ca|nosaltres}} |- ! rowspan="3" | 2a persona !! vulgare | {{lang|ca|tu}} || {{lang|ca|vosaltres}} |- ! sollemne | {{lang|ca|vostè}} || {{lang|ca|vostès}} |- ! reverens | colspan="2" | ({{lang|ca|vós}})<ref>Exoletum in plerisque dialectis.</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" | 3rd person !! masculinum | {{lang|ca|ell}} || {{lang|ca|ells}} |- ! femininum | {{lang|ca|ella}} || {{lang|ca|elles}} |} Pronominibus personalibus Catalanis morphologia est multiplex, praecipue gravibus, quae multas formas habent (13, apud 11 in Hispanica et 9 in Italiana).<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> Notanda sunt pronomen generis ambigui {{lang|ca|ho}} et magna libertas in pronominibus gravibus componendis (65 composita).<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> Personae secundae contingit [[distinctio T-V]], propria omnibus linguis Romanicis sed aliena Latinae classicae. Nam alia pronomina in sollemniore modo appellandi, alia in vulgariore usurpantur. Haec multo maiorem libertatem [[extrapositio|extraponendi]] Catalanae quam Francogallicae aut Hispanicae faciunt. Ergo Catalane dici potest {{lang|ca|m'hi recomanaren}} ("Me ei commendarunt"), cum Francogallice {{lang|fr|ils m'ont recommandé à lui}} et Hispanice {{lang|es|me recomendaron a él}} dicendum sit.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> Sic, etsi nomina casibus carent, paene omnis res nominalis [[thema et rhema|thema]] periodi fieri potest, cum Francogallice necesse sit [[passivum|vocem passivam]] adhibere, aut in Hispanica [[obiectum rectum]] [[praepositio]]ne notare.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> {{clear}} ===Verba=== {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:1em" |+ Formae simplices verbi regularis coniugationis primae: {{lang|ca|portar}} ("portare")<ref>Fabra 1926, pp. 70–71.</ref> ! style="background:#e0e0ff;"|Infinita || colspan="6" style="background:#e0e0ff;"|Forma |- style="text-align: center;" | Infinitivus || colspan="6" | {{lang|ca|portar}} |- style="text-align: center;" | Gerundium || colspan="6" | {{lang|ca|portant}} |- style="text-align: center;" | Participium perfectum || colspan="6" | {{lang|ca|portat}} ({{lang|ca|portat}}, {{lang|ca|portada}}, {{lang|ca|portats}}, {{lang|ca|portades}}) |- style="text-align: center;" ! style="background:#e0e0ff;"|Indicativus || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|jo}} || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|tu}} || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|ell / ella}}<br />[{{lang|ca|vostè}}] || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|nosaltres}} || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|vosaltres}}<br />[{{lang|ca|vós}}] || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|ells / elles}}<br />[{{lang|ca|vostès}}] |- style="text-align: center;" | Praesens || {{lang|ca|porto}} || {{lang|ca|portes}} || {{lang|ca|porta}} || {{lang|ca|portem}} || {{lang|ca|porteu}} || {{lang|ca|porten}} |- style="text-align: center;" | Imperfectum || {{lang|ca|portava}} || {{lang|ca|portaves}} || {{lang|ca|portava}} || {{lang|ca|portàvem}} || {{lang|ca|portàveu}} || {{lang|ca|portaven}} |- style="text-align: center;" | Praeteritum (exoletum) || {{lang|ca|portí}} || {{lang|ca|portares}} || {{lang|ca|portà}} || {{lang|ca|portàrem}} || {{lang|ca|portàreu}} || {{lang|ca|portaren}} |- style="text-align: center;" | Futurum || {{lang|ca|portaré}} || {{lang|ca|portaràs}} || {{lang|ca|portarà}} || {{lang|ca|portarem}} || {{lang|ca|portareu}} || {{lang|ca|portaran}} |- style="text-align: center;" | Condicionale || {{lang|ca|portaria}} || {{lang|ca|portaries}} || {{lang|ca|portaria}} || {{lang|ca|portaríem}} || {{lang|ca|portaríeu}} || {{lang|ca|portarien}} |- style="text-align: center;" ! style="background:#e0e0ff;"|Coniunctivus || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|jo}} || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|tu}} || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|ell / ella}}<br />[{{lang|ca|vostè}}] || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|nosaltres}} || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|vosaltres}}<br />[{{lang|ca|vós}}] || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|ells / elles}}<br />[{{lang|ca|vostès}}] |- style="text-align: center;" | Praesens|| {{lang|ca|porti}} || {{lang|ca|portis}} || {{lang|ca|porti}} || {{lang|ca|portem}} || {{lang|ca|porteu}} || {{lang|ca|portin}} |- style="text-align: center;" | Imperfectum || {{lang|ca|portés}} || {{lang|ca|portéssis}} || {{lang|ca|portés}} || {{lang|ca|portéssim}} || {{lang|ca|portéssiu}} || {{lang|ca|portessin}} |- style="text-align: center;" ! style="background:#e0e0ff;"|Imperativus || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|jo}} || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|tu}} || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|ell / ella}}<br />[{{lang|ca|vostè}}] || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|nosaltres}} || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|vosaltres}}<br />[{{lang|ca|vós}}] || style="background:#e0e0ff;"|{{lang|ca|ells / elles}}<br />[{{lang|ca|vostès}}] |- style="text-align: center;" | — || — || {{lang|ca|porta}} || {{lang|ca|porti}} || {{lang|ca|portem}} || {{lang|ca|porteu}} || {{lang|ca|portin}} |} Ut in omnibus linguis Romanicis, plures flexurae verbis quam nominibus contingunt. [[Suffixum|Suffixa]] ubique iniecta sunt, adiuta infixis, vocalibus vicissim mutatis, radicibusque suppletis; quae tamen secundaria ac minus productiva quam in Hispanica sunt.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> Systema verbale commune est fere omnibus linguis Romanicis occidentalibus, sed indicativo perfecto simplici in plerisque dialectis supposita est periphrasis {{lang|ca|anar}} ("ire") + infinitivo.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> Mos est verba Catalana in tres coniugationes digerere, quibus sunt vocales propriae {{lang|ca|-a-}}, {{lang|ca|-e-}}, {{lang|ca|-i-}}, hancque in duos typos scindere. Sola tamen nostro tempore productiva est prima coniugatio (fere 3500 verbis crebris), et mediocriter tertia (in typo verbi {{lang|ca|servir}}, fere 700 verbis crebris) cum verba secundae coniugationis infra 100 sint, nec nova fingere liceat nisi componendo.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> {{clear}} ===Fictio vocabulorum=== [[Derivatio (linguistica)|Derivatio morphologica]] in Catalana iisdem principiis ut in aliis [[linguae Romanicae|linguis Romanicis]] utitur. Nam plura uno affixa uni lexemati saepe [[agglutinatio|agglutinantur]], aliquot vicissitudines sonorum fiunt, ut {{lang|ca|elèctri'''c'''}} {{IPA|[əˈlɛktri'''k''']}} ("electricus") vs. {{lang|ca|electri'''c'''itat}} {{IPA|[ələktri'''s'''iˈtat]}} ("electricitas"), et solent verba habere [[praefixum|praefixa]], ut {{lang|ca|'''pre'''veure}} ("praevidere").<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> Vocabula modis variis [[verbum compositum|componi]] possunt.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ Vocabula varie composita linguae Catalanae.<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 631.</ref> |- ! Forma !! Exemplum !! Sensus |- | nomen altero nomine per praepositionem definitum|| {{lang|ca|màquina d'escriure}} || "dactylographium" |- | nomen adiectivo definitum || {{lang|ca|estat major}} || "collegium ducum" |- | nomina recte composita, altero primum definiente || {{lang|ca|paper moneda}} || "charta argentaria" |- | verbum cum obiecto compositum || {{lang|ca|'''para'''caigudes}} || "umbrella descensoria" |- | nomen adiectivo definitum, ipsum sensu adiectivo || {{lang|ca|pit-roig}} || "erithacus" |} ===Ordo vocabulorum=== Periodi Catalani formam communem lingarum Romanicarum occidentalium accipiunt. [[Ordo vocabulorum|Ordo]] enim principalis vocabulorum est [[subiectum–verbum–obiectum]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_ctl |title=Catalan |website=World Atlas of Language Structures (WALS) Online}}</ref>; tamen aliquot libertatis, etsi minus quam in Latina, manet. Exempli gratia, dicere licet tam {{lang|ca|Ha arribat el tren}} ("Advenit tramen") quam {{lang|ca|El tren ha arribat}} ("Tramen advenit").<ref>Wheeler, Yates & Dols 1999.</ref> ==Nomina hominum== Cum in tota [[Hispania]] cuique sint et patrium et maternum cognomen, proprium linguae Catalanae est coniunctionem ''i'' ("et") intericere, qui mos lege permissus est.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 8.</ref><ref>In articulo 19.1 Legis 1/1998 legitur, "Civibus Catalauniae licet forma normaliter recta in lingua Catalana praenominum atque cognominum suorum uti, et coniunctionem 'i' inter cognomina adhibere."</ref> ==Dialecti== Dialectis linguae Catalanae magna est similitudo, haud ut in aliis linguis Romanicis, et [[lexis|lexica]] et [[semantica]] et [[syntaxis|syntactica]] et [[Morphologia (linguistica)|morphologica]] et [[phonologia|phonologica]].<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, pp. 634–635.</ref> Intelligibilitas inter dialectos est magna,<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 1.</ref><ref>Costa Carreras & Yates 2009, p. 5.</ref><ref>Moll 2006, p. 47.</ref> aestimata inter 90 et 95 centesimas,<ref name=e25/> excepto dialecto remoto [[lingua Algarensis|Algarensi]].<ref>Moll 2006, p. 47.</ref> Dialecti Catalanae in duas magnas greges dividuntur, quas primus anno 1861 distinxit [[Manuel Milá y Fontanals]], scilicet orientalem et occidentalem,<ref>Feldhausen 2010, p. 5</ref><ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, pp. 634–635.</ref> discordes praecipue elocutione vocalium gravium {{lang|ca|a}} et {{lang|ca|e}}. In orientalibus enim dialectis in {{IPA|/ə/}} mixtae sunt, sed in occidentalibus manent {{IPA|/a/}} et {{IPA|/e/}}.<ref>Moll 2006, p. 47.</ref><ref>Moll 2006, p. 47.</ref> Sunt quidem alia discordia in elocutione, morphologia verbali, et lexi.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 1.</ref> Catalana occidentalis ex duabus dialectis [[lingua Catalana Occidentalis et Septentrionalis|occidentali-septentrionali]] et [[lingua Valentina|Valentina]], orientalis ex quattuor, scilicet [[lingua Catalana Mediana|Mediana]], [[lingua Baliaris|Baliari]], [[lingua Catalana Septentrionalis|Rossilionensi]], et [[lingua Algarensis|Algarensi]], constat.<ref>Feldhausen 2010, p. 5</ref> Haec vero in dialectos minores dividi possunt. [[Fasciculus:Dialectes català valencià balear.svg|thumb|Dialecti linguae Catalanicae]] Catalana Mediana habetur norma elocutionis et plurimi ea loquunutur, in regionibus celebribus [[provincia Barcinonensis|provinciae Barcinonensis]], dimidio orientali Tarraconensis, maioreque parte Gerundensis habitantes.<ref>Feldhausen 2010, p. 5</ref> Regit hanc normam [[Institut d'Estudis Catalans|Institutum Scientiae Rerum Catalanarum]]. [[Communitas Valentina|In Communitate autem Valentina]] [[lingua Valentina|alia norma]] est, ab [[Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua|Academia Valentina Linguae]] recta. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; " |+ Summa digestio dialectorum Catalanarum<ref>Feldhausen 2010, p. 5</ref><ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 2-3.</ref> |- ! Grex | colspan="2" | '''Catalana occidentalis''' || colspan="4" | '''Catalana orientalis''' |- ! Dialectus | '''[[Lingua Catalana occidentalis et septentrionalis|Occidentalis-septentrionalis]]''' || '''[[Lingua Valentina|Valentina]]''' || '''[[Lingua Catalana Mediana|Mediana]]''' || '''[[Lingua Baliaris|Baliaris]]''' || '''[[Lingua Catalana septentrionalis|Septentrionalis/Rossilionensis]]''' || '''[[Lingua Algarensis|Algarensis]]''' |- ! rowspan="2" | Regio | [[Hispania]], [[Andorra]] || colspan="3" | [[Hispania]] || [[Francia]] || [[Italia]] |- | [[Andorra]], [[Ilerda (provincia)|provincia Ilerda]], occidentalis pars [[Provincia Tarraconensis|Tarraconensis]], [[Fines Aragoniae]] || [[Communitas Valentina]], [[Carchis]] || [[Provincia Barcinonensis]], orientalis pars [[Provincia Tarraconensis|Tarraconensis]], maxima [[Provincia Gerundensis|Gerundensis]] || [[Baliares insulae|Insulae Baliares]] || [[Rossilio]]/[[Catalaunia Septentrionalis]] || Urbs [[Algarium]] in [[Sardinia]] |} ===Phonologia=== Dialecti sunt discordes in gradu [[redactio vocalium|vocalium redigendarum]],<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 37.</ref> et in modo {{IPA|/ɛ e/}} contraponendarum.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 38.</ref> In [[lingua Catalana orientalis|dialectis orientalibus]] (Maioricana excepta), vocales graves in tres rediguntur: {{IPA|/a e ɛ/ > [ə]}}; {{IPA|/o ɔ u/ > [u]}}; {{IPA|/i/}} distincta manet.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 54.</ref> In [[Lingua Algarensis|Algarensi]] vocalis {{IPA|[ə]}} in {{IPA|[a]}} summissa est. [[lingua Catalana occidentalis|Occidentales]] systema [[Lingua Proto-Romanica|Proto-Romanicum]] quinque vocalium gravium servat: {{IPA|/e ɛ/ > [e]}}, {{IPA|/o ɔ/ > [o]}}, {{IPA|/a u i/}} manent.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 53.</ref> In quibusdam vero dialectis occidentalibus vocales nonnumquam ultra rediguntur aut concinuntur. Dialecto Maioricanae sunt quattuor vocales graves, {{IPA|/a e ɛ/}} ut in Catalana orientali mixtis, sed {{IPA|/o ɔ/ > [o]}} ab {{IPA|/u/}} ut in Catalana occidentali distinctis.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 53-54.</ref> Vocalis {{IPA|/ɛ/}} Catalanae Medianae in Baliari dialecto {{IPA|/ə/}} sonat. Multa vocabula in dialectis orientalibus {{IPA|/ɛ/}} sed in occidentalibus {{IPA|/e/}} habent.<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 38.</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; text-align:center;" |+ Vocales redactae in dialectis Catalanis<ref>Wheeler 2005, p. 53-55.</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" | !! rowspan="2" | Paria vocabulorum:<br />primi radice acuta,<br />alterius radice gravi !! rowspan="2" | Occidentalis !! colspan="3" | Orientalis |- ! Maioricana !! Mediana !! Septentrionalis |- ! rowspan="4" | Vocales<br />anteriores | {{lang|ca|gel}} ("gelus")<br />{{lang|ca|gelat}} ("lac gelidum") | style="background:#f2cee0;"|{{IPA|[ˈdʒɛl]}}<br />{{IPA|[dʒeˈlat]}} || colspan="2" style="background:#cef2da;"|{{IPA|[ˈʒɛl]}}<br />{{IPA|[ʒəˈlat]}} || style="background:#fafad2;"|{{IPA|[ˈʒel]}}<br />{{IPA|[ʒəˈlat]}} |- | {{lang|ca|pera}} ("pirum")<br />{{lang|ca|perera}} ("pirus") | style="background:#f2cee0;"|{{IPA|[ˈpeɾa]}}<br />{{IPA|[peˈɾeɾa]}} || style="background:#cef2da;"|{{IPA|[ˈpəɾə]}}<br />{{IPA|[pəˈɾeɾə]}} || style="background:#cef2da;"|{{IPA|[ˈpɛɾə]}}<br />{{IPA|[pəˈɾeɾə]}} || style="background:#fafad2;"|{{IPA|[ˈpeɾə]}}<br />{{IPA|[pəˈɾeɾə]}} |- | {{lang|ca|pedra}} ("lapis")<br />{{lang|ca|pedrera}} ("lapicidinae") | style="background:#f2cee0;"|{{IPA|[ˈpeðɾa]}}<br />{{IPA|[peˈðɾeɾa]}} || colspan="3" style="background:#cef2da;"|{{IPA|[ˈpeðɾə]}}<br />{{IPA|[pəˈðɾeɾə]}} |- | {{lang|ca|banya}} ("lavat")<br />{{lang|ca|banyem}} ("lavamus")<br />Maioricane: {{lang|ca|banyam}} ("lavamus") | style="background:#f2cee0;"|{{IPA|[ˈbaɲa]}}<br />{{IPA|[baˈɲem]}} || style="background:#cef2da;"|{{IPA|[ˈbaɲə]}}<br />{{IPA|[bəˈɲam]}} || style="background:#cef2da;"|{{IPA|[ˈbaɲə]}}<br />{{IPA|[bəˈɲɛm]}} || style="background:#fafad2;"|{{IPA|[ˈbaɲə]}}<br />{{IPA|[bəˈɲem]}} |- ! rowspan="2" | Vocales<br />posteriores | {{lang|ca|cosa}} ("res")<br />{{lang|ca|coseta}} ("recula") | style="background:#f2cee0;"|{{IPA|[ˈkɔza]}}<br />{{IPA|[koˈzeta]}} || style="background:#f2cee0;"|{{IPA|[ˈkɔzə]}}<br />{{IPA|[koˈzətə]}} || style="background:#cef2da;"|{{IPA|[ˈkɔzə]}}<br />{{IPA|[kuˈzɛtə]}} || style="background:#fafad2;"|{{IPA|[ˈkozə]}}<br />{{IPA|[kuˈzetə]}} |- | {{lang|ca|tot}} ("omnia")<br />{{lang|ca|total}} ("summa") | colspan="2" style="background:#f2cee0;"|{{IPA|[ˈtot]}}<br />{{IPA|[toˈtal]}} || style="background:#cef2da;"|{{IPA|[ˈtot]}}<br />{{IPA|[tuˈtal]}} || style="background:#fafad2;"|{{IPA|[ˈtut]}}<br />{{IPA|[tuˈtal]}} |} ===Morphologia=== Indicativus praesens 1ae personae: in Catalana orientali et occidentali-septentrionali cadit {{lang|ca|-o}}, {{lang|ca|-i}}, vel -∅ secundum dialectum in omnibus coniugationibus. In Valentina cadit {{lang|ca|-e}} in 1a coniugatione, -∅ in 2a et 3a. Verba incohativa: in Catalana orientali cadunt {{lang|ca|-eixo}}, {{lang|ca|-eix}}, {{lang|ca|-eixen}}, {{lang|ca|-eixi}}; in occidentali {{lang|ca|-isc}}/{{lang|ca|-esc}}, {{lang|ca|-ix}}, {{lang|ca|-ixen}}, {{lang|ca|-isca}}/{{lang|ca|-esca}}. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+ Formae indicativi praesentis 1ae personae singularis |- ! colspan="3" , rowspan="2" | Coniugatio !! colspan="3" | Catalana orientalis !! colspan="2" | Catalana occidentalis !! rowspan="2" | Sensus |- ! Mediana !! Septentrionalis !! Baliaris !! Valentina !! Occidentalis-septentrionalis |- ! colspan="3" | 1a | {{lang|ca|parlo}} || {{lang|ca|parli}} || {{lang|ca|parl}} || {{lang|ca|parle}} || {{lang|ca|parlo}} || 'loquor' |- ! colspan="3" | 2a | {{lang|ca|temo}} || {{lang|ca|temi}} || {{lang|ca|tem}} || {{lang|ca|tem}} || {{lang|ca|temo}} || 'timeo' |- ! colspan="2" , rowspan="2" | 3a ! {{small|pura}} | {{lang|ca|sento}} || {{lang|ca|senti}} || {{lang|ca|sent}} || {{lang|ca|sent}} || {{lang|ca|sento}} || 'sentio', 'audio' |- ! {{small|incohativa}} | {{lang|ca|poleixo}} || {{lang|ca|poleixi}} || {{lang|ca|poleix}} vel {{lang|ca|polesc}} || {{lang|ca|polisc}} vel {{lang|ca|polesc}} || {{lang|ca|pol(e)ixo}} || 'polio' |} {{IPA|/n/}} in nominibus et adiectivis pluralibus, quae [[proparoxytonum|proparoxytona]] fuerint: Catalana orientalis omittit, ut {{lang|ca|homes}} 'viri', {{lang|ca|joves}} 'iuvenes'; Catalana occidentalis servat, ut {{lang|ca|hòmens}} 'viri', {{lang|ca|jóvens}} 'iuvenes'. Ebusitana in hac re occidentales dialectos sequitur.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Moll, Francesc de B. |title=Gramática catalana; referida especialment a les Illes Balears|date=1968|publisher=Editorial Moll|isbn=84-273-0044-1|location=Palma de Mallorca|oclc=2108762}}</ref>. ===Lexis=== {| class="wikitable" |+ Exempla vocabulorum, quae in orientali et occidentali Catalana diversa sunt |- ! Sensus !! "speculum" !! "puer" !! "scopae" !! "umbilicus" !! "exire" |- ! Catalana orientalis | {{lang|ca|mirall}} || {{lang|ca|noi}} || {{lang|ca|escombra}} || {{lang|ca|llombrígol}} || {{lang|ca|sortir}} |- ! Catalana occidentalis | {{lang|ca|espill}} || {{lang|ca|xiquet}} || {{lang|ca|granera}} || {{lang|ca|melic}} || {{lang|ca|eixir}} |} ===Normae=== {{Vide-etiam|Lingua Valentina}} [[File:Casa de Convalescència - IEC.JPG|thumb|left|Casa de Convalescència, praetorium Institut d'Estudis Catalans]] Linguae Catalanae sunt duae normae principales: * norma universa, quam regit [[Institut d'Estudis Catalans]] (IEC), et cui fundamentum est orthographia a [[Pompeius Fabra|Pompeio Fabra]] edita, aptata ad sermonem Catalanam Medianam Barcinonensem, Hispanismis expertem, sed quaedam ex aliis dialectis in normam accipiens;<ref>Enciclopèdia Catalana, p. 632.</ref> et * norma Communitatis Valentinae et Carchis, quam regit [[Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua]] (AVL), condita in litteris sermoneque Valentinis atque normis traditis [[Normae Castaliae|Castaliae]]. Discordia normarum manifestissima est scriptura accentus multarum litterarum ''e'' in syllabis acutis, quibus in orientalibus dialectis elocutio est {{IPA|[ɛ]}}, ergo scriptura ''è'', sed in Valentina ''é'' scribitur secundum elocutionem occidentalem {{IPA|[e]}}, exempli gratia: ''francès'', ''anglès'', ''cafè'', ''conèixer'', ''comprèn'' (IEC) / ''francés'', ''anglés'', ''café'', ''conéixer'', ''comprén'' (AVL) (Francicus, Anglicus, caffeum, noscere, comprehendit). Tamen alia vocabula etiam norma Valentina ''è'' scribuntur quamquam ibi dicuntur {{IPA|[e]}}, ut: ''què'', ''València'', ''sèsam'', ''plèiade'', ''bèstia'', ''sèrie'' et ''època''. Alia dissimilia sunt ''tl'' (AVL) pro ''tll'' in quibusdam vocabulis, ut {{lang|ca-valencia|ametla}}/{{lang|ca|ametlla}} ('amygdalum'), {{lang|ca-valencia|espatla}}/{{lang|ca|espatlla}} ('dorsum'), demonstrativa brevia ({{lang|ca|este}} 'hic', {{lang|ca|eixe}} 'ille') ex aequo cum auctis ({{lang|ca|aquest, aqueix}}), et formae verbales propriae Valentinae aut omnibus dialectis occidentalibus ut suffixum incohativum, prima persona singularis indicativi praesentis, et modus coniunctivus. Quamquam et linguistae et ipsa AVL consentiunt Catalanam et Valentinam unam linguam esse, sunt in Valentia qui Valentinam seiunctam velint. Hanc sententiam proferunt praecipue homines ipsi Valentina imperiti. <ref>Wheeler 2003, p. 207.</ref> Ob istam dissensionem aliquando facta sunt miranda. Ita, cum [[Constitutio Europaea]] conscriberetur, magistratus Hispaniae [[Unio Europaea|Unioni Europaeae]] translationes singulas praebuerunt in [[lingua Vasconica|Vasconicam]], [[lingua Gallaica|Gallaicam]], Catalanam, et Valentinam, sed Catalanus et Valentinus textus idem fuerunt.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mail-archive.com/infozefir@listserv.rediris.es/msg00442.html |title=Traducció única de la Constitució europea |last=Isabel i Vilar |first=Ferran |date=30 Octobris 2004 |website=I-Zefir |language=Valencian |trans-title=Unique translation of the European Constitution |access-date=29 Aprilis 2009}}</ref> Insulae Baliares norma IEC utuntur, sed ad dialectum Baliarem aptata a collegio philologico [[Universitas Balearum insularum|Universitatis Baliarium Insularum]]. Cum igitur IEC tam rectum {{lang|ca|cantam}} quam {{lang|ca|cantem}} ('canimus') scribere habeat, Universitas formam in omnibus rebus praeferendam in Insulis Baliaribus habet {{lang|ca|cantam}}. Aliud proprium normae Baliari est 1a persona singularis indicativi praesentis exitu carens: {{lang|ca|jo compr}} ('ego emo'), {{lang|ca|jo tem}} ('ego timeo'), {{lang|ca|jo dorm}} ('ego dormio'). IEC ipse normam aptatam ad [[lingua Algarensis|dialectum Algarensem]] effecit. Ei sunt inter alia: articulus definitus {{lang|ca|lo}} pro {{lang|ca|el}}; peculiaria pronomina possessiva {{lang|ca|la mia}}, {{lang|ca|lo sou/la sua}}, {{lang|ca|lo tou/la tua}}, et cetera; tempus imperfectum omnium coniugationum cum {{lang|ca|-v-}} {{IPA|/v/}}: {{lang|ca|cantava}}, {{lang|ca|creixiva}}, {{lang|ca|llegiva}}; multa vocabula propria: {{lang|ca|manco}} pro {{lang|ca|menys}} ('minus'), {{lang|ca|calqui u}} pro {{lang|ca|algú}} ('aliquis'), {{lang|ca|qual/quala}} pro {{lang|ca|quin/quina}} ('qui, quae'), et cetera; et [[pronomina Catalana|pronomina gravia]] mutata. ==Auctoritas in aliis linguis== Per totum Mediterraneum, praesertim in Italia australi et insulis Tyrrheni Maris, sunt linguae et dialecti quarum derivationem lingua Catalana impulit. Inter quas: <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> * [[lingua Sarda|Sarda]] ([[Sardinia]]) * [[lingua Sicula|Sicula]] ([[Sicilia]]) * [[lingua Neapolitana|Neapolitana]] ([[Neapolis]]) * [[lingua Sassaritana|Sassaritana]] ([[Sassaris]], in Sardinia) * [[lingua Gallurensis|Gallurensis]] ([[Gallura]], in Sardinia) * [[Churro (dialectus)|Lingua Castellana ''churro'']] (commarcae internae [[Communitas Valentina|Communitatis Valentinae]]) * [[lingua Murciana|Lingua Castellana Murciana]] ([[Murcianum]]) </div> Etiam in terris Vandalis australibus et occidentalibus auctoritas Catalana linguae Castellanae affuit cum [[migratio Catalana in Insulam Christinam|Catalani illuc saeculo XVIII migrarent]]. ==Diplomata== Lingua Catalana docetur in universitatibus paucis sed situ diversis per Europam et Americam, et in domis rerum Catalanarum per orbem.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20180322/441825502436/el-catalan-cumple-40-anos-de-ensenanza-en-moscu.html|title=El catalán cumple 40 años de enseñanza en Moscú|website=La Vanguardia|date= 22 Martii 2018 |accessdate=24 Martii 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://admission.umontreal.ca/programmes/mineure-en-etudes-catalanes/|title=Mineure en études catalanes|website=Université de Montréal|date= 2018|accessdate=24 de marzo de 2018}}</ref> Diplomata in aliis terris non eadem, sed aequalia, accipi possunt. * In Catalaunia, Collegium Perpetuum Catalanae curat diplomata Inscriptionis Generalis Consiliorum Linguisticorum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://llengua.gencat.cat/ca/serveis/acreditacio_coneixements/certificats_de_catala/informacio_sobre_els_certificats|título=Generalitat de Catalunya - llengua catalana}}</ref> * In Communitate Valentina, ''La Junta Qualificadora de Coneixements de Valencià'' est collegium quod scientiam Valentinae probat. Sunt quoque alia collegia probatoria adaequata, ''La Comisión Interuniversitaria de Estandarización de Acreditaciones de Conocimientos de Valenciano'' (CIEACOVA) et Escuela Oficial de Idiomas (EOI).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ceice.gva.es/web/jqcv/entitats-certificadores|título=Entidades certificadoras homologadas por la Junta}}</ref> Quae diplomata in gradus diversos haberi possunt: A1; A2; B1; B2; C1; C2; Lingua procurationis; Lingua in nuntiis publicis; et Libri corrigendi.<ref name=":0" /> * In Baliaribus, ''Direcció general de política lingüística'' talia diplomata curat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.caib.cat/govern/organigrama/area.do?lang=ca&coduo=2390443|title=Direcció general de política lingüística}}</ref> * In terris externis, Institutum Raimundi Lulli examina ad diplomata linguae Catalanae accipienda pronuntiat. Probantur gradus A2, B1, B2, C1 et C2. Requiritur vectigal, exceptis quibusdam terris, ut examen inire liceat. Id Institutum est consortium Generalitatis Catalauniae, Gubernationis Insularum Baliarium, et Civitatis Barcinonis.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.llull.cat/catala/aprendre_catala/certificats_intro.cfm|título=Institut Ramon Llull}}</ref> ==Exemplar== Lectum<ref>Swan 2001, p. 112.</ref> ex fabula quam [[Manuel de Pedrolo]] anno 1970 scripsit, {{lang|ca|Un amor fora ciutat}} ("Amor extra urbem"). {| border="0" style="width:100%; text-align:left;" ! Catalane || <small>Verbum pro verbo versum</small> || Ad sensum versum |- | {{lang|ca|Tenia prop de divuit anys quan vaig conèixer}} || <small>Habebam prope duodeviginti anni cum vado noscere || Fere duodeviginti annos habebam cum novi |- | {{lang|ca|en Raül, a l'estació de Manresa.}} || <small>is Raül, ad ea statio de Minorisa </small> || Raül, in statione ferriviaria [[Minorisa]]e. |- | {{lang|ca|El meu pare havia mort, inesperadament i encara jove,}} || <small>Is meus pater mortuus erat, insperate et adhuc iuvenis,</small> || Pater meus mortuus erat, insperate et adhuc iuvenis, |- | {{lang|ca|un parell d'anys abans, i d'aquells temps}} || <small>unum par de anni ante, et de illa tempora</small> || ante aliquot annis; quorum temporum |- | {{lang|ca|conservo un record de punyent solitud.}} || <small>conservo una memoria de acuta solitudo</small> || magnae solitudinis etiam nunc memor sum. |- | {{lang|ca|Les meves relacions amb la mare}} || <small>Eae meae coniunctiones cum ea mater</small> || Mea societas cum matre |- | {{lang|ca|no havien pas millorat, tot el contrari,}} || <small> non erant minime meliores factae, omnia is contrarius, </small> || minime invaluerat; potius |- | {{lang|ca|potser fins i tot empitjoraven}} || <small> forsan etiam peiores fiebant </small> || forsan et decidebat |- | {{lang|ca|a mesura que em feia gran.}} || <small>ad mensura quae me faciebam magnus.</small> || quanto magis adolescebam. |- | {{lang|ca|No existia, no existí mai entre nosaltres, }} || <small> Non exstabat, non exstitit numquam inter nos,</small> || Non exstabat, nec umquam inter nos exstiterat |- | {{lang|ca|una comunitat d'interessos, d'afeccions.}} || <small> una communitas de studia, de affectus. </small> || studiorum aut affectuum communitas. |- | {{lang|ca|Cal creure que cercava... una persona}} || <small>Necesse est credere quod quaerebam... unus homo </small> || Credendus sum quaesivisse... hominem |- | {{lang|ca|en qui centrar la meva vida afectiva.}} || <small>in qui circumagere ea mea vita affectiva.</small> || cui affectus animi intenderem. |} ==Nexus interni== *[[Italianae dialecti]] == Notae == <references /> ==Bibliographia== * {{citation|publisher=Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua|date=9 Februarii 2005|title=Dictamen sobre els principis i criteris per a la defensa de la denominació i l'entitat del valencià|language=ca|url=http://ca.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictamen_sobre_els_principis_i_criteris_per_a_la_defensa_de_la_denominaci%C3%B3_i_l%27entitat_del_valenci%C3%A0#Dictamen|ref={{harvid|Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua|2005}}}} * {{cite book |last= Badia i Margarit |first= A. 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Ltd., Oxford|year=1965|editor-link=Paul S. N. Russell-Gebbett |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y_4GMwEACAAJ}} * {{cite book|last=Schlösser|first=Rainer|title=Die romanischen Sprachen|year=2005|publisher=C.H. Beck|location=Munich}} * {{cite book|last=Swan|first=Michael|title=Learner English: A Teacher's Guide to Interference and Other Problems, Volume 1|year=2001|publisher=Cambridge University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6UIuWj9fQfQC|isbn=9780521779395}} * {{cite journal|last=Thomas|first=Earl W.|year=1962|pages=43–48|title=The Resurgence of Catalan|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_hispania_1962-03_45_1/page/43|journal=Hispania|volume=45|issue=1|doi=10.2307/337523|jstor=337523}} * [[Francesc Vallverdú|Vallverdú, Francesc]] (director), [[Jordi Bañeres|Bañeres, Jordi]] (coordinador), (2002) ''Enciclopèdia de la Llengua Catalana'' Vol. XII. Barcelona: Edicions 62, S.A. , direc. editorial: Ramon Bastardes. <small>ISBN 84-297-5026-6</small> * {{cite book |last=Wheeler |first=Max W. |date=1979 |title=Phonology of Catalan |url=https://archive.org/details/phonologyofcatal0000whee_d0j2 |place=Oxford |publisher=Blackwell |isbn=978-0-631-11621-9}} * {{cite book|last1=Wheeler|first1=Max|last2=Yates|first2=Alan|last3=Dols|first3=Nicolau|year=1999|title=Catalan: A Comprehensive Grammar|place=London|publisher=Routledge}} * {{cite book|last=Wheeler|first=Max|title=The Romance Languages |year=2003 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=0-415-16417-6|pages=170–208|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lULWOT1o0SsC|chapter=5. Catalan}} * {{cite book|last=Wheeler|first=Max|year=2005|title=The Phonology of Catalan|url=https://archive.org/details/phonologycatalan00whee|url-access=limited|place=Oxford|page=[https://archive.org/details/phonologycatalan00whee/page/n66 54]|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-925814-7}} * {{cite book|last=Wheeler|first=Max|year=2006|title=Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics}} * {{cite book|last=Wheeler|first=Max|title=Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World|year=2010|publisher=Elsevier|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-08-087774-7|pages=188–192|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F2SRqDzB50wC|chapter=Catalan}} * {{cite book|last=Veny|first=Joan|title=Homenatge a Arthur Terry|year=1997|publisher=Publicacions de l'Abadia de Montserrat|location=Barcelona|isbn=84-7826-894-4|pages=9–18|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OMaXD1caTiEC&q=greuges+guitard+isarn&pg=PA17|chapter=greuges de Guitard isarn, Senyor de Caboet (1080–1095)}} * {{cite book |last= Veny |first= Joan |title= Els Parlars Catalans|language= ca |year= 1998 |publisher= Moll |location= Barcelona |isbn= 84-273-1038-2 }} * {{cite book|last=Veny|first=Joan|year=2007|title=Petit Atles lingüístic del domini català|volume=1 & 2|place=Barcelona|publisher=Institut d'Estudis Catalans|page=51|isbn=978-84-7283-942-7}} == Nexus externi == {{InterWiki|code=ca}} {{CommuniaCat|Catalan language}} {{wikibooks|Catalán}} {{wikiquote}} * [http://www.iec.cat/ Institut d’Estudis Catalans] * [http://www.avl.gva.es/ Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua] * [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=cat Ethnologue] * [[:b:Catalán|Curso de catalán para hispanohablantes]] (in Vicilibris). * [http://aulex.org/ca-es/ Diccionario catalán - español] * [http://aulex.org/es-ca/ Diccionario español - catalán] * [http://www.verbs.cat/es/ verbs.cat] (de coniugatione verbis Catalanis cum exercitiis) {{Linguae Romanicae}} [[Categoria:Lingua Catalana|!]] {{Myrias|Anthropologia}} tr993mwqgnjcykrbg7mjlbuv17b6fc4 11 Decembris 0 4850 3993249 3868181 2026-10-06T18:48:12Z LilyKitty 18316 de Petro Hegemann 3993249 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Calendarium-Decembris}} '''11 Decembris''' est dies 345ª anni (346ª [[annus bisextilis|annis bisextilibus]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 20 dies manent. Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est '''ante diem tertium Idus Decembres''' (a.d. III Id. Dec.). == Eventa == === Saeculo 4 === * [[361]] - [[Ammianus Marcellinus]] narrat: [[Flavius Claudius Iulianus (Apostata)|Iulianus]] [[Constantinopolis|Constantinopoli]] tertium Iduum Decembrium exceptus est verecundis senatus officiis et popularium consonis plausibus. === Saeculo 18 === * [[1789]] - [[Universitas Carolinae Septentrionalis in Monte Capellae]] conditur. === Saeculo 19 === * [[1806]] - [[Pax Posnaniae (1806)|Pax Posnaniae]] a [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone I]] imperatore [[Francia|Francorum]] et [[Fridericus Augustus I (rex Saxoniae)|Friderico Augustus III]] [[Princeps Electoralis Saxoniae|Principe Electorali]] [[Regnum Saxoniae|Saxoniae]] post victoriam Francorum signatur. * [[1816]] - [[Indiana]] [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|civitas Americana]] fit. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1941]] - [[Germania]] [[NSDAP|Nazista]] Civitatibus Foederatis Americae bellum indicit; [[Iaponia]]e exercitus frusta [[Wake (insula)|Wake]] insulam in [[Mare Pacificum|Mari Pacifico]] expugnare conatur. * [[1946]] - [[UNICEF]], Societas [[Conventus generalis (Nationes Unitae)|Nationum Unitarum]] constituitur. * [[1948]] - In [[Germania]] [[Factio democratica liberalis Germaniae]] (FDP) conditur. * [[1972]] - [[Apollo XVII]] in [[luna]]m appellit. * [[1997]] - [[Protocollum Kiotense]] ad [[Pactio formalis Nationum Unitarum de mutatione climatis|pactionem formalem Nationum Unitarum de mutatione climatis]] decernitur. === Saeculo 21 === * [[2016]] - [[Paulus Gentiloni]] primus minister [[Italia]]e nominatur. == Nati == === Saeculo 15 === * [[1475]] - [[Leo X]] [[papa]] († [[1521]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1712]] - [[Franciscus Algarotti]], [[scriptor]] [[Italia|Italicus]] (mortuus anno [[1765]]) * [[1724]] - [[Carolus Theodorus Elector]] Palatinatus et usque ab 1777 nomine Carolus II etiam elector ducatus electoralis [[Bavaria]]e (mortuus est anno [[1799]]) * [[1750]] - [[Isaac Shelby]], gubernator [[Kentukia]]e (mortuus anno [[1826]]) * [[1758]] - [[Carolus Fridericus Zelter]], [[Musicographus|compositor]] Germanicus (mortuus anno [[1832]]) * [[1761]] - [[Ioannes Dominicus Romagnosi]], iuris consultus, philosophus et physicus Italicus (mortuus anno [[1835]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1801]] - [[Christianus Theodericus Grabbe]], [[poeta]] Germanicus (mortuus anno [[1836]]) * [[1803]] - [[Hector Berlioz]], compositor Francicus (mortuus anno [[1869]]) * [[1810]] - [[Alfredus de Musset]], poeta Francicus (mortuus anno [[1857]]) * [[1843]] - [[Robertus Koch]], medicus Germanicus et [[bacillus anthracis|bacilli anthracis]] inventor (mortuus anno [[1910]]) * [[1850]] - [[Iulius Kronberg]], [[pictor]] [[Suecia|Suecicus]] (mortuus [[1921]]) * [[1856]] - [[Georgius Plechanov]], theoreticus et propagandista marxismi [[Russia|Russicus]] (mortuus anno [[1918]]) * [[1863]] - [[Annia Jump Cannon]], astronomiae perita Americana (mortua anno 1941) * [[1876]] - [[Paulus de Chapeaurouge]], vir publicus Germanicus factionis Nationalis Liberalis, deinde [[DVP]], postremo [[CDU]] (mortuus anno [[1952]]) * [[1882]] ** [[Maximus Born]], mathematicus et physicus Germanicus (mortuus anno [[1970]]) ** [[Florellus LaGuardia]], praefectus urbis [[Urbs Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]] (mortuus anno [[1947]]) * [[1890]] - [[Carolus Gardel]], cantor, compositor et actor [[Argentina|Argentinus]] (mortuus anno [[1935]]) * [[1897]] - [[Friderica Nadig]], rerum politicarum perita Germanica et sodalis factionis [[SPD]] (mortua anno [[1970]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1908]] ** [[Manuel de Oliveira]], moderator cinematographicus [[Portugallia|Lusitanus]] (mortuus anno [[2015]]) ** [[Elliott Cook Carter, Jr.]], musicae compositor Americanus (mortuus anno [[2012]]) * [[1911]] ** [[Nagib Mahfuz]], scriptor [[Aegyptus|Aegyptianus]] (mortuus anno [[2006]]) ** [[Qian Xuesen]], scientificus [[Sinae|Sinarum]] (mortuus anno [[2009]]) * [[1913]] - [[Ioannes Marais]], histrio Francicus (mortuus anno [[1998]]) * [[1918]] - [[Alexander Solženicyn]], scriptor [[URSS|Sovieticus]] et Russicus (mortuus anno [[2008]]) * [[1925]] - [[Paulus Greengard]], medicus et neuroscientiae peritus Americanus (mortuus anno [[2019]]) * [[1935]] - [[Pranab Mukherjee]], praeses [[India]]e (mortuus anno [[2020]]) * [[1943]] - [[Ioannes Kerry]], senator americanus, adversarius [[Georgius W. Bush|Georgii W. Bush]] in commitiis anni [[2004]] * [[1944]] - [[Teri Garr]], actrix Americana (mortua anno [[2024]]) * [[1945]] - [[Reijo Pitkäranta]], latinista [[Finnia|Finnicus]] * [[1948]] - [[Florentinus Sului Hajang Hau]], archiepiscopus [[Indonesia|Indonesicus]] (mortuus nno [[2013]]) * [[1952]] - [[Andreas De Carlo]], scriptor Italicus * [[1954]] - [[Petrus Hegemann]], biologus physicae [[Germania|Germanicus]] * [[1956]] - [[Andreas Lansley]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Britanniarum regnum|Britannicus]] factionis [[Factio Conservativa (Britanniarum Regnum)|Conservativae]] * [[1957]] - [[Antonius Napolioni]], episcopus [[Dioecesis Cremonensis|Cremonensis]]. * [[1961]] - [[Macky Sall]], praeses [[Senegalia]]e annis [[2012]] ad [[2024]]. * [[1964]] - [[Franciscus Ballerini]], birotarius Italicus (mortuus anno [[2010]]) * [[1968]] - [[Emmanuela Charpentier]], [[microbiologia]]e et [[biochemia]]e perita Francica * [[1969]] - [[Viswanathan Anand]], lusor [[Scacci|scaccorum]] Indicus * [[1974]] ** [[Rex Mysterius]], luctator professionalis Americanus ** [[Henricus Hitchings]], [[scriptor]] de litteris et [[diarium|diurnarius]] [[Britanniarum regnum|Britannicus]] * [[1984]] - [[Leighton Baines]], pedilusor Britannicus == Mortui == === Saeculo 4 === * [[384]] - [[Damasus I]] papa === Saeculo 5 === * [[493]] - [[Daniel Stylita]], stylita, id est asceta super columnam stans (natus circa annum [[406]]) === Saeculo 16 === * [[1552]] - [[Paulus Iovius]] antiquitatis studiosus atque [[episcopus]] (natus [[1483]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1718]] - [[Carolus XII (rex Sueciae)|Carolus XII]] rex Sueciae ab anno [[1697]] (natus anno [[1682]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1891]] - [[Alexander Potebnja]], philologus [[Ucraina|Ucrainicus]] Russicus (natus anno [[1835]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1938]] - [[Christianus Lous Lange]], rerum gestarum scriptor et pacifista [[Norvegia|Norvegicus]] (natus anno [[1869]]) * [[1967]] - [[Victor de Sabata]], illustris [[concentus magister]] et compositor Italicus (natus anno [[1892]]) * [[1979]] - [[Carolus Schmid]], vir publicus [[Germania|Germanicus]] factionis SPD (natus anno [[1896]]) * [[1983]] - [[Andreas Emo]], philosophus [[Italia]]nus (natus anno [[1901]]) * 1998 - [[Maximilianus Streibl]], vir publicus et praeses ministrorum Bavariae (natus anno [[1932]]) * [[1999]] - [[Anna Schmitz]], politicorum perita Germanica, quae inter [[secundum bellum mundanum]] [[Iudaei]]s et aliis a nazistis vexatis auxilium dedit (nata anno 1911) === Saeculo 21 === * [[2008]] - [[Bettina Page]], puella ostenatrix et ''[[playmate]]'' Americana (nata anno [[1923]]) * [[2021]] - [[Anna Rice]], scriptrix Americana; nata anno [[1941]]. == Festa et feriae == * [[Roma antiqua|Romae antiquae]] : '''[[Septimontium (festum)|Septimontium]]''' ab incolis priscorum montium, e quibus Roma nata erat, celebrabatur. * Dies nationalis ([[Burkina Faso]]) * Dies internationalis [[mons|montis]] {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] 28jwwc2s0yhvb0r8g9htdj9r2x25535 Mahometus 0 5183 3993215 3979880 2026-10-06T16:23:30Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20261006)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3993215 wikitext text/x-wiki {{semi-protecta}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{FA stella}} {{Videdis|Mahometus (nomen)}} [[Fasciculus:Mohammed.jpg|thumb|Propheta Mahometus; ex ''[[Miradschname|Apocalypsi Mahometi]]'', 1436, [[Herat]]. Opus in thesauro [[Bibliotheca Nationalis Francica|Bibliothecae Nationalis Francicae]] ([[Lutetia]]e) invenitur.]] '''Mahometus'''<ref>Polydori Vergilii Urbinatis ''De Rerum inventoribus libri octo'' (Basileae: 1525), lib. VII, [https://books.google.com/books?id=ydJMAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA225&dq=Mahometus p. 225].</ref> ([[Arabice]] محمد ''Muḥammad''; de scriptura nominis Latina vide [[#De nomine|infra]]) fuit [[Religio Islamica|religionis Islamicae]] conditor, quem Musulmani credunt ultimum [[Deus|Dei]] ([[Arabice]] [[الله]] Allāh) nuntium [[propheta]]mque fuisse et ultimum legiferum in serie prophetarum Islamicorum, et quem plurimi Musulmani<ref group="n">Non omnes Musulmani credunt ipsum fuisse prophetam ultimum; exempli gratia, [[Communitas Ahmadiyya Islamica]] habet [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]] fuisse prophetam quoque.</ref><ref>http://www.alislam.org/books/truth/finality.html Finality of Prophet hood [''sic''] <!--?--> Hadhrat Muhammad (PUBH) the Last Prophet - Al Islam Interretiale.]</ref> credunt ultimum prophetam ut docet [[Alcoranus]] (33:40–40), cui traditus sit Alcoranus, [[Gabriel]]e [[Archangelus|Archangelo]] ei [[verbum Dei]] nuntiante. Musulmani ergo eum putant restitutorem primae [[fides|fidei]] incorruptae et [[monotheismus|monotheisticae]] [[Adam|Adae]], [[Noe]], [[Abraham|Abrahae]], [[Moyses|Moysis]], [[Iesus|Iesu]], et aliorum prophetarum.<ref>Esposito 1998: 12.</ref><ref>Esposito 2002b: 4–5.</ref><ref name = "Peters 2003 9">Peters 2003: 9.</ref> Natus est [[Mecca]]e anno fere [[571]], et mortuus [[Medina]]e, in [[Arabia]] occidentali, die [[8 Iunii]] [[632]]. Ipse fuit [[Abdullachus|Abdullachi]] et [[Amina]]e filius, cui fuerunt nonnulli liberi, inter quos [[Fatima Zahra]] filia. == De nomine == Nomen Arabicum variis modis in litteras Latinas redditum est, ut ''Mahometus'', ''Muhammadus'', ''Mahumetus'', ''Machometus'', ''Mahometes'',<ref>"[http://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenaref/hofmann/hof3/s0020a.html Mahometes]" in {{Hofmannus}}</ref> ''Maometus''<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/divinacomoedia01piazgoog/divinacomoedia01piazgoog_djvu.txt Dantis Alligherii, ''Divina Comoedia'' (1321). Hexametris latinis reddita. Ab. Abbate Dalla PiaZZA. Vicentino. Praefatus est et vitam piazzae. Adiecit. Carolus Witti. Lipsiae: 1845, sumptibus Ioannis Ambrosii Barth]; [http://books.google.be/books?id=Qswhij07br0C&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=maometus&source=bl&ots=G5OEuAgLyJ&sig=ud3pm42L1tUO913EHZWwqV4F30Y&hl=fr&ei=2iX4S-uZGsn54Abhsp2KAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CCgQ6AEwBTgK#v=onepage&q=maometus&f=false [[Franciscus Petrarca]], ''Invective Contra Medicum'' (1355). Edizioni Di Storia Litteratura. Roma, 1978, p. 15.]</ref> et alia. Nomen plenum eius fuit ابو القاسم محمد ابن عبد الله ابن عبد المطلب ابن هاشم (''Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāšim'')‎, hoc est "pater Qasimi, Muhammadus, filius Abd-Allahi, filii Abd-al-Muttalibi, filii Hašimi." == Fontes == De nullo magnorum religionis auctorum Orientis tanti nuntii exstant quam de Mahometo<ref>R. Sellheim: Muhammeds erstes Offenbarungserlebnis. In: Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam 10 (1987), p. 3</ref>, qui quidem aut a fidelibus conscripti sunt, ut Mahometum prophetam annuntiarent, aut ab inimicis ([[religio Christiana|Christianis]]), qui eum "corruptorem" recusarent. Fontes principales sunt: === Alcoranus === In vita Mahometi indaganda [[scientia Islamica]] [[Alcoranus|Alcoranum]] semper fontem primum duxit. Secundum [[memoria]]m Islamicam, Alcoranus a quibusdam Mahometi sectatoribus ipso ab initio (circiter ab anno [[610]]) litteris mandatus est, primo in foliis solutis (ṣaḥīfa, pl. ṣuḥuf / ‏صحف , صحيفة ‎ / ṣaḥīfa, pl. ṣuḥuf), maxima ex parte in pergamena sive in [[animal]]ium pelli (raqq /riqq / ‏رقّ ‎). Haec corpus maṣāḥif (ex sing. muṣḥaf ‏مصاحف , مصحف ‎ / maṣāḥif, muṣḥaf) nominatum est. Studiosi Islamici non consentiunt utrum ipse [[propheta (Islam)|propheta]] Alcoranum composuerit an compositio sub primo [[calipha]] [[Abu Bakr as-Siddiq]] (632-634) facta sit. Fontes autem in hoc conveniunt Alcoranum ab [[Uthman ibn Affan]] (653-656) [[canonizatio|canonizatum]] esse, exemplis discrepantibus deletis. {{vide-etiam|Historia Alcorani}} Mahometus ipse in Alcorano quater nominatur:<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus">[http://books.google.at/books?id=ye40VChDL6gC&printsec=frontcover&hl=de&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Alcorani textus universus ex correctioribus Arabum exemplaribus ... descriptus ... auctore Lodovico Marracci, Patavii 1698].</ref> * Sura 3,144: ''Et non est Mahometus nisi legatus; iam praeterierunt ante eum legati.'' * Sura 33,39: ''Non est Mahumetus pater ullius ex viris vestris, ita ut non possit ducere uxorem illius, sed est Legatus Dei, et sigillum Prophetarum.'' Uterque versus attestatur Mahometo persuasum fuisse se prophetam esse, qui nuntium prophetarum priorum continuaret perficeretque. * Sura 47,2: ''Qui vero fideles fuerint, et fecerint recta, et crediderunt in id, quod demissum fuit super Mahumetum (et ipsum est veritas a Domino eorum), expiabit ab eis mala eorum, et rectificabit intentionem eorum.'' * Sura 48,29: ''Mahumetus est legatus Dei; qui vero sunt cum eo, feroces sunt contra infideles, misericordes inter se.'' Ut versus demonstrant, Mahometus credidit se nuntium salvificum annuntiare, qui ipsum sectatoresque ab "infidelibus" (kuffār) distingueret. === Exegesis Alcorani (tafsīr) === Interpretationes multorum Alcorani versuum ([[tafsīr]]) indicia praebent, quae ad vitam Mahometi pertinent. Interpretes res gestas revelationis (‏أسباب النزول‎ / asbābu ’n-nuzūl) in quibusdam versibus inventas collegerunt ac disputaverunt, ex quo particularis exegeseos Alcorani ramus ortus est, qui nullos nisi illos versus tractat, quorum revelatio ad certas vitae Mahometi res gestas refert. === Sira === [[Fasciculus:Muhammad letter muqawqis.jpg|thumb|Mahumeti litterae ad [[Muqawquis]] datae.]] "Vita Mahometi" ([[Sira (Islam)|Sira]]) ab [[Ibn Ishaq|Muhammad ibn Ishaq]] conscripta, quae ab [[Ibn Hischam]] redacta ac suppleta exstat, est fons traditionis profanae. [[Auctor]] multos nuntios antiquiorum fontium, qui a saeculo septimo repetunt, suscepit. [[Historiographia|Historiographi]] posteriores, sicut [[al-Tabari]] in sua ''Historia Mundi,'' citeriores nuntios primordiales in "Vita Mahometi" non comprehensos acceperunt. Etiam quidam nuntii ab [['Urwa ibn az-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam]] († circa annum [[712]]) litteris mandati, quas ad [[Caliphatus Omayadarum|Omayadarum Caliphum]] [[ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān]] dedit, res singulas de religionis Islamicae primo tempore magni momenti amplectuntur. Qui nuntii in "Historia Mundi" supradicti ''al-Tabari'', ut ''Hischam'', '''Urwae'' filius, eos tradiderat, comprehensi sunt. Auctoritas eorum a studiosis hodiernis non dubitatur.<ref>R.G. Khoury: Les sources islamiques de la "Sira" avant Ibn Hishām (m.213/834) et leur valeur hitorique. In: La vie du Prophète Mahomet. Colloque de Strasbourg (Octobre 1980) Presses Universitaires de France 1983. p. 7–29 (Fontes antiquissimos enumerat).</ref> === Bella (maghazi) === Praeter [[biographia]]m aliud genus litterarium vitam resque gestas Mahometi tractat, scilicet sic dictae litterae "[[maghazi]]", in quibus bella prophetae, postquam [[Medina]]m confugerat, usque ad mortem per annos singulos describuntur. Opus huius generis maximi momenti ab [[al-Waqidi]] conscriptum est, qui usque ad annum [[823]] [[Bagdatum|Bagdati]] operatus est. Opus tribus voluminbus anno [[1966]] typis Arabicis exscriptum est. === "Libri classium" (kutub al-ṭabaqāt) === Quartum genus historiographicum sunt sic dicti "Libri classium" (''kutub al-ṭabaqāt''); non [[Annales|res singulis annis gestas]] enarrant, sed argumenta secundum annos, quibus quaeque persona descripta ad religionem Islamicam convertit (''[[sahaba]]''), distributa sunt. Initium huius operis origini, vitae rebusque gestis Mahometi dedicatum est. Notissimum huius generis opus a discipulo supradicti al-Waqidi, [[Muhammed ibn Sa'd]], conscriptum est, qui ex [[Basra]] oriundus anno [[845]] Bagdati mortuus est. == Vita Mahometi == === Tempus antequam Mahometus propheta ingressus est (571–609) === [[Fasciculus:Birth of Muhammad from folio 44a of the Jami‘ al-tawarikh.jpg|thumb|Nativitas Mahumeti prophetae. Ex ''Jami' al-Tavarikh'' (Latine fere: Historia universalis), conscripta a [[Raschid ad-Din]], [[Irania]] ([[Tauris]]), circiter A.H. 714 / A.D. 1314–1315, atramentum, pigmenta coloris et aurum in charta. Edinburgh University Library (MS Arab 20, folio 42r), Cat. 6. Exemplari [[Christi Natalis|nativitatis Christi]] mutato tres feminae [[Sancti Magi|Sanctos Magos]] supplent. [[ʿAbd al-Muttalib ibn Hāschim|ʿAbd al-Muttalib]], prophetae [[avus]], (dextra) [[Iosephus (sanctus)|Iosephum]] supplet.]] [[Fasciculus:Young Mohammed and the monk Bahira.jpg|thumb|Mahometus adulescens a monacho [[Bahira]] cognoscitur. Pictura minima ("miniatura") ex ''Jami' al-Tavarikh'' a [[Raschid ad-Din]] conscripta, [[Irania]] ([[Tauris]], 1307). Bibliotheca Universitatis Edimburgi.]] * Mahometus circa annum [[570]] in urbe [[Arabia|Arabica]] [[Mecca]] ex nobilissima gente [[Corais|Corasina]] ortus est, pauper tamen, quod pater eius [[ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muttalib|Abdullah]] antequam Mahometus natus erat, mortuuus est; familia ex Mahometi proavo ‏[[Hāschim ibn ʿAbd Manāf|Hascem]] appellabatur [[Hascemita]]. Exactus dies ac annus natalis incerti, cum fontes varia et repugnantia tradant. Traditio Islamica Mahometum saepe "[[Annus elephantis|anno elephantis]]", qui dicitur, natum esse vult (circiter 552-554), quod autem verisimile non est<ref>Lawrence I. Conrad, "Abraha and Muhammad: Some observations apropos of chronology and literary topoi in the early Arabic historical tradition," ''Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies (BSOAS)'' 50 (1987): 225–240; M. J. Kister, "The Campaign of Ḥulubān," ''Le Museon'' 78 (1965): 425-436; Ella Landau-Tessaron, "Sayf Ibn ʿUmar in Medieval and Modern Scholarship," ''Der Islam'' 67 (1990): 12</ref>. Iam historicus Islamicus ''Ibn al Kalbi'' (mortuus anno 819) annum 570 proposuit.<ref>Hartmut Bobzin, ''Mohammed'' (Monaci, 2000), 40ff.</ref> * Sex annos natus Mahometus matrem [[Āmina bint Wahb|Aminam]] amisit. Deinde apud avum ''ʿAbd al-Muttalib'', eo mortuo sub patruii ''Abu Talib'' filiorumque tutelam venit. Amina pagana mortua est. In antiquissimis [[Hadit]]-anthologiis pluries narratur Mahometum sepulcrum matris visitavisse et Deum, ut ei daret veniam, oravisse. Quapropter, ut exegesis Islamica putat, sura 9:115 relevata est:<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> :Non est Prophetae, neque eorum, qui sunt fideles, ut veniam precentur pro associantibus, quamvis sint participes propinquitatis id est cognati, postquam innotueris eis, quod hi sint habitatores Tartari. * Adulescens pastor, postea commeatuum in [[Syria]]m (i.e. [[Imperium Romanum Orientale]]) particeps fuisse dicitur. In itinere [[monachus|monacho]] [[Bahīrā]] obvium datum esse traditur, qui sigillum prophetiae inter Mahometi umeros vidisset, de quo et in litteris Syro-Christianis saeculi noni<ref>Sidney H, Griffith, "The Prophet Muḥammad: his scripture and his message according to the christian apologies in Arabic and Syriac from the first Abbasid century," in ''The Life of Muḥammad,'' ed. Uri Rubim (Ashgate Variorum, 1998), 354-355; 380-384.</ref> et in [[narratio]]nibus Islamicis (qiṣaṣ al-anbiyāʾ') mentio facta est. * Mahometus, antequam primas revelationes percepit, traditiones [[Polytheismus|polytheisticas]] populi sui sequebatur. Hoc spatium temporis Arabice ''Dschāhiliyya'' vocatur. Religiones [[Monotheismus|monotheisticae]] autem ([[Religio Iudaica|Iudaismus]] et [[Religio Christiana|Christianismus]]) magis magisque in [[Arabia]]m intrantes verisimiliter ad Mahometum pertinebant.<ref>Rudi Paret, ''Mohammed und der Koran,'' ed. 10 (Stuttgardiae: 2008), 42ff.</ref> In Mahometi vita ([[Sira (Islam)|Sira]]) a [[Ibn Ishaq|Muhammad ibn Ishaq]] conscripta Mahometum tum noto [[Zaid ibn ʿAmr]] occurrisse narratur; Mahometum illi Zaid carnem victimarum, quae idolis litata esset, obtulisse; quam Zaid repudiosam reiecisse. Ex illo die Mahometum idolis non iam sacrificavisse.<ref>Alfred Guillaume (1960), ''New light on the life of Muhammad,'' ''Journal of Semitic Studies,'' monographmu 1, pp. 27–28; versio Anglica Sirae ab Ibn Ishāq scriptae, ab Yūnus ibn Bukair retractatae, a Muḥammad Ḥamīdullāh editae (Iconii 1981), p. 98.</ref> Id apud posteros ab [[al-Buchari]] usque ad [[adh-Dhahabī]] saepius narratum est.<ref>M. J. Kister: „A bag of meat“ : A study of an early Ḥadīth. In: Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies (BSOAS), 33 (1970), p. 267–275</ref> * Sub annum [[595]] divitissima mercatoris vidua nomine [[Chadidia Chowailidi filia|Chadidia]] (555?–619), cui Mahometus operam navabat, ei nupsit. Chadidia ex nobili gente [[Corais|Corasina]] ''ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā'' orta iam duo maritos habuerat et Mahometo 15 annis maior erat. Ita Mahometus [[pecunia]]e curis liberatus et in statum liberalem collocatus est. Sura 93,6-7 huius rei mentionem facit:<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> :''Nonne (Deus) invenit te orphanum, et suscepit te, et invenit te pauperem et ditavit te?'' * Chadidia prima erat, quae Mahometi nuntio credidit; in historiographia Islamica ideo prima [[Musulmanus|musulmana]] Meccae habetur. * Ex Chadidia [[Fatima]] nata est, quae est mater stirpis Mahometi. * Primi Musulmani post Chadidiam secundum traditionem Islamicam erant [[Ali ibn Abi Talib]] et [[Abubacer]], primus [[calipha]], postquam Mahometus mortuus est. === Tempus quo Mahometus Meccae prophetizavit === [[Fasciculus:Maome.jpg|thumb|left|Mahometus discipulos adloquitur, in [[liber|libro]] manuscripto [[saeculum 17|saeculi septimi decimi]] [[Albirunius|Albirunii]] operis ''al-[[Āthār al-bāqiya]]'' depicta est.]] Temporis primarum revelationum fons maximi momenti est Sira (Vita Mahometi) ab Ibn Ishaq scripta, quae in pluribus variantibus exstat. Mahometus quotannis unum mensem in monte [[Hira (Mecca)|Hira]] prope Meccam versari solebat, ut ibi paenitentiam ageret. Sub annum [[610]] ei [[archangelus]] [[Gabriel (archangelus)|Gabriel]] apparuisse dicitur, ut Mahometus ipse affirmavit. Secundum Ibn Ishaq prima revelatio in somnio facta est, qua Mahometus ad recitationem versuum hortatus sit. Primi quinque versus surae 96 principium revelationum sive Mahometi prophetiae esse dicuntur. Alii surae 74 versus 1-7 ut primos ponunt.<ref>Vide collationem opinionum repugnantium litterarum Islamicarum apud Richard Bell: Mohammed's Call; in: The Moslem World 24 (1934), p.13–19. Etiam in: Rudi Paret (ed.): Der Koran; Darmstadiae 1975; p. 86–92</ref> Illo tempore Mahometus circiter 40 annos natus erat. Etiam sura 10.17 hoc modo intellegitur:<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> :''Iam porro moratus sum inter vos aetatem quadriganta annorum ante illum (i.e. Alcoranum)''. Versio Latina verbum Arabicum ''ʿumuran'', quod ad ad litteram "tota aetate" valet, "quadraginta annorum" exprimit ita interpretationem usitatam Islamicam sequens. [[Fasciculus:Siyer-i Nebi 151b.jpg|thumb|Mahometus prae [[Caaba]] (Pictura Turcica, saec. 16). Vultus Mahometi non depingitur.]] Initio, fere usque ad annum [[614]], ut supradictus '''Urwa'' caliphae ''ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān'' nuntiavit, primores Corasini Mahometi doctrinas, quas et publice et secreto ("sirran") pervulgavit, passi sunt. Cum autem [[idololatria]]m et [[polytheismus|polytheismum]] maiorum agressus est, multi ei restiterunt. Res eo venit, ut Mahometus ipse sectatoresque eius iniuriam passi sint. Cum maxima musulmanorum pars ad societatis ordinem sic dictorum mustaḍʿafūn pertinerent, qui victus suos mercando quaerebant, etiam a negotiis impediti sunt, ne amplius Meccae vivere possent. Mahometus, cui Meccae domus [[Arqam ibn Abi Arqam]] praesidio fuit (cira annum [[614]]), quosdam sectatores in [[Aethiopia]]m, ubi erat Meccanorum locus mercatorius, emigrare iussit (circa annum [[615]]). Ab historiographis primi musulmani dividuntur in eos, qui ante Mahometi in domum Arqua ingressum ad Islam converterunt, alios, qui tempore, quo ibi moratus est, et illos, qui in Aethiopiam emigraverunt.<ref>M. Muranyi: The First Muslims in Mekka: A Social Basis for a New Religion? In: The Life of Muḥammad. Ed. ab Uri Rubin. Aldershot: Ashgate Variorum, 1998. (The Formation of the Classical Islamic World, Vol. 4) p. 98 ss.</ref> Tempus Meccae inter 616–622 vix demonstrari potest, quod aliae relationes alia narrant. Ex suris Meccae scriptis colligi potest, Mahometum se populi monitorem (naḏīr, Arabice ‏نذير‎) censuisse (38,70) et quaedam officia religionis introducere studuisse: :Iam felices sunt fideles, qui in sua oratione sunt sese humiliantes, et qui sunt ab inani futilique sermone procul recedentes et qui sunt eleemosynam facientes et qui sunt mutones suos custodientes non utentes illis, nisi erga uxores suas aut quod possederunt dexterae eorum. (E.e., erga ancillas suas) (23:1-6)<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> ==== Ascensus in caelum et iter nocturnum Hierosolyma ==== [[Fasciculus:Muhammad 1514.jpg|thumb|left|Mahometi iter nocturnum in [[equus|equo]] suo, Buraq; Folium ex exemplo operis Bustan poeatae Persici Sa'di (1514).]] Historiographia Islamica tempore, quo Mahometus Meccae versatus est, duas res factas esse vult, quibus vita moresque eius posteris clare demonstrarentur: * Ascensus (''al-miʿrāǧ'') a sanctuario [[Caaba]] in [[caelum]] die 27 mensis [[Ramadan]], qui 18 menses, antequam in urbem ''Yathrib'' (quae postea [[Medina]] nominata est) discessit, et * sic dictum iter nocturnum (''al-isrāʾ'') [[Hierosolyma]], quod 17 dies ante [[Hegira]] factum esse dicitur. Sive ascensus sive iter nocturnum saepissime in fontibus tranctantur, varie tamen et contrarie. Traditio Islamica ambas res in unum colligere studet Mahometum iter nocturnum Hiersolyma fecisse, ubi in caelum ascendisset. {{vide-etiam|Ascensus Mahometi in caelum}} Ex tempore quo [[calipha]] [[Abimelech]] (''ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān'') [[Tholus Saxi|Tholum Saxi]] in [[Mons Templi|Monte Templi]] urbis Hierosolymorum [[aedificium|aedificavisset]] ([[691]]), sanctuarium sive [[oratorium]] remotissimum (''al-bait al-muqaddas'' aut ''al-bait al-maqdis'') in sura 17,1 memoratum cum Hierosolymis sive cum [[Meschita al-Aqsa|Meschita Distantissima]] (''al-masǧid al-aqṣā'') paucis annis post erecta aequavisse videtur. In Tholi Saxi titulis temporis [[Caliphatus Omayadarum|Omayadarum]], qui ex solis versibus Alcorani exstant, sura 17:1 deest.<ref>Moshe Sharon, ''Corpus inscriptionum arabicarum palaestinae (CIAP),'' Addendum: Squeezes . . . 1-84, Handbuch der Orientalistik, Erste Abteilung, vol. 30, Brill (Leiden, 2007), 121. (Vide [books.google.com/books?id=1d8xHcor0psC&pg=PA121 hic] apud Google Books).</ref> Ceterum etiam in mescita [[Al-Aqsa]] hic versus non nisi in [[inscriptio]]ne [[saeculum 11|saeculi undecimi]] invenitur.<ref>H. Busse, "Jerusalem in the Story of Muhammad's Night Journey and Ascension," ''Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam'' 14 (1991): 1–40, imprimis 36–37.</ref> === Fuga ex Mecca === [[Fasciculus:Muhammad-Majmac-al-tawarikh-2.jpg|thumb|Iter Mahometi prophetae; folium operis Majma' al-tawarikh (Compendium Historiarum), circa annum 1425; Timurid. Herat, [[Afgania]]. In [[Museum Artium Metropolitanum|Museo Artium Metropolitano]].]] Variis ex causis Mahometus colloquia cum incolis urbis ''Yathrib'' seruit ad cognoscendum, si ibi sedem collocare posset: Religione poytheistica offendenda—etsi al-Kaaba, sanctuarium [[Arabia]]e gravissimum, agnovit—sibi multos inimicos fecerat; foedus cum incolis urbis [[Ta'if]] ad irritum ceciderat; multi sectatores fugati erant; tandem patronus [[Abu Talib]] et Chadidia uxor mortui sunt (sub annum [[619]]). Quidam nobiles urbis ''Yathrib'', cui postea nomen [[Medina]] (plenius: ''madīnat an-nabiy'' 'urbs prophetae') data est, Mahometo et sectatoribus eius praesidium obtulerunt, quod inter annos 621–622 foedere ictum est. Anno [[622]] vexatione augente Mahometus et sui Mecca exiverunt et Medinam fugerunt. Medinam cum advenissent, multi Mahometum secuti sunt. Ista fuga, [[Hegira]] appellata, est initium Islamici calendarii. Adventus in ''Qubā''' prope Yathrib sita postea in duodecimum ''Rabi’'' primi [[calendarium lunare|anni lunaris]] [[calendarium Islamicum|calendarii Islamici]] (dies 24 Septembris anno 622) constitutus est. Anni subsequentes ex anno [[622]] numerantur et ''[[Annus Hegirae|anni Hegirae]]'' vocantur. Ergo annus [[631]], exempli gratia, est [[Anno Hegirae|Annus Hegirae]] decimus (saepe scriptus "10 [[AH]]") in Islamico calendario. === Prius tempus, quo Mahometus Medinae prophetizavit === Societas ''Yathrib'' urbis, quae nunc Arabice ''al-Madina'' ([[Medina]]) vocatur, tempore [[Hegira]]e aliter ac Meccae constituta erat. Incolae ad civitates gentesque inter se contrarias ''[[Aus (gens)|Aus]]'' et ''[[Chasradsch]]'' pertinebant. Praeterea erant variae [[Iudaei|Iudaeorum]] gentes, inter quas ''[[Banu n-Nadir]]'', ''[[Banu Quraiza]]'' et ''[[Qaynuqa']]'' plurimum potuerunt, deinde nonnulli urbis incolae, qui iam ante Hegiram Musulmani facti quique "adiutores" (''[[al-Ansar]]'') appellati sunt, postremo ii Mahometi sectatores, qui cum eo Mecca fugerant et "emigrantes" (''[[Muhadschirun]]'') nominati sunt. Aliae sedes Iudaicae erant a Medina in septentriones versae apud [[Khaibar]]. Initio Mahometus omnes incolas in unam societatem coniungere studebat. A sic dicto [[Pactum Medinense|Pacto Medinensi]], quod ad litteram in prophetae biographia ab [[Ibn Ishaq]] conscripta servatum est quodque a studiosis, quamvis [[datatio]] disputetur, verum agnoscitur, non solum omnibus Musulmanis et Iudaeis eadem iura praebentur, sed etiam religiones agnoscuntur. Iudaei una cum fidelibus (id est, Musulmanis) ''[[ummah]]'' constituunt: "Iudaeis est ipsorum religio (''dīn''), Musulmanis ipsorum." "Ansar" et "Muhadschirun" iisdem iuribus gaudent. Se ipsum autem Mahometus hoc in pacto legatum Dei et prophetam vocat. Diserte et plane pacto exclusi sunt [[Polytheismus|polytheistae]] ("al-[[muschrik]]ūn"). Quomodo pactiones cum Iudaeis, quarum historiographia Islamica mentionem facit, circa singula conscriptae fuissent, nescitur, quod conditiones varie traduntur. Tales pactiones autem inter Mahometum et Iudaeis exstitisse a studiosis ponitur.<ref>Michael Lecker: ''Did Muḥammad conclude treaties with the Jewish tribes Naḍīr, Qurayẓa and Qaynuqāʿ?'' In: Israel Oriental Studies, Vol. 17 (1997), p.29–36</ref> Initio Mahometus ad distinctam segregationem ab aliis "possessoribus scripturae" („ahl al-kitāb“) annixus esse non videtur; iam Sura 109 ("Infideles") Meccae relevata religiones "aliorum" agnoscit:<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> :''O Infideles! Non colam, quod colitis (…) Vobis religio vestra et mihi religio mea.'' Inimici Mahometi illius temporis erant polytheistae, quos iam Meccae oppugnaverat. === Directio orationis mutata === Primi de Mahometi vita fontes unanime referunt eum, dum Meccae vivit, in orando inter [[Caba]]e angulos meridianum orientalemque stetisse, ubi erat lapis niger. Ita se simul ad sanctuarium Meccanum et - ut Iudaei et Christiani - ad [[Hierosolyma]] (bait al-maqdis) inclinavit. 17 mensibus post migrationem, mense [[Radzabum|Radzabo]], directio orationis ([[Qibla]], Aarabice ‏قبلة‎) ab Hierosolymis ad Meccam mutata est.<ref>Uri Rubin: ''Between Arabia and the Holy Land: a Mecca-Jerusalem Axis of Sanctity''. In: Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam (JSAI), 34 (2008), p. 350-351; 354; W. M. Watt: ''Muhammad at Medina''. Oxoniae 1956, p. 202-203</ref> Directio orationis secundum revelationem Surae 2, 143-146 mutata est. {{vide-etiam|Quibla}} === Bella ("ghazawât") a Mahometo ac sociis gesta === Post [[hegira]]m - fugam [[Mecca]] in urbem Yathrib (sive [[Medina]]m) - Mahometus paulatim etiam militaris suorum dux factus est. Initio tum paucos asseclas a bello cohibuisse videtur<ref>Rudi Paret: ''Mohammed und der Koran. Geschichte und Verkündung des arabischen Propheten''. Kohlhammer, 2001. P. 129</ref>, quod hic [[Alcoranus|Alcorani]] versus primum post hegiram tempus commemorans attestatur: :(...) ''Continete manus vestras a proelio'' (...)(4,75)<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> Denique ille versus revelatus est, quem [[Tafsīr (exegesis Alcorani)|exegesis Alcorani]] primam pugnandi potestatem esse putat:<ref>Vide Theodor Nöldeke: ''Geschichte des Qorans''. Lipsiae, 1938. P. 214 et fontes ibi citati</ref> :''Concessum fuit iis, qui proeliantur (idest concessum fuit fidelibus, ut pugnent contra infideles), quod ipsi iniuste vexati sint ab illis. Et quidem Deus ad auxilium eorum est sane potens.'' (22,41)<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> [[Fasciculus:Muhammad 14.jpg|thumb|Imago Islamica demonstrans, quomodo Alcoranus Mahometo inter pugnam revelatus sit.]] Bellum Meccanum plurimae incursiones in commeatus Meccanos anteierunt. Prima pugna inter Musulamanos et gentem [[Coraisitae|Corasinam]] anno [[624]] apud [[Pugna apud Badr commissa|Badr]] commissa est. Musulmani, qui agmen mercatorium ex [[Syria]] revertens opprimere studebant, a copiis Meccanis [[Abu Sufyan]] duce necopinati ex insidiis agressi sunt. Quamvis numero minores nec ad pugnam parati Musulmani victores prodierunt. De quo in Alcorano legitur: :''Et iam quidem adiuvit vos Deus in Bedro, et vos inferiores eratis hostibus numero.'' (3,123)<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> Mense Aprili eiusdem anni Mahometus gentem [[Iudaei|Iudaicam]] [[Banū Qaynuqāʾ]], qui aurifeces ac mercatores in urbe vivebant, in Wādī al-Qurā – a Medina in septentriones versus –, postea in Syriam depulit. De [[pugna apud Uhud commissa]], qua Musulmani anno [[625]] a Meccanis victi sunt, longi versus ad fideles docendos confirmandosque relevati sunt; in sura 3,173 e.g. legitur: :''Qui obaudierunt Deum et Legatum, postquam incidit illis ulcus in Ohod: illis, qui benefecerint ex eis et timuerint Deum, erit merces magna.''<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> Gens Iudaica [[Banū ʾl-Naḍīr]],postquam diu sed frustra actum est -sedibus eorum obsessis, palmis a copiis Musulmanis succisis - mense Augusto anno [[625]] Medinae viciniam circiter 600 [[camelus|camelos]] secum ferens reliquerunt et primo in [[oasis|oasi]] [[Ḫaibar]] sedes collocaverunt, deinde, postquam Mahometus eos anno [[628]] etiam illinc exegit, in Syriam fugerunt. Tum Mahometus [[Ṣafiyya]]m, filiam ducis, quae praedam ceperat quaeque musulmana facta est, in matrimonium duxit. Omnis sura 59 (''al-Ḥašr'', Latine "congregatio"), ut in exegesi Alcorani putatur, de gente Banu Nadir expellenda narrat:<ref>Vide Theodor Nöldeke: ''Geschichte des Qorans''. Lipsiae, 1938. P. 206 et fontes ibi citati</ref> :''Ipse (Deus) est, qui eiecit eos, qui fuerunt increduli de familia Libri (Iudaeos scilicet Nodeirenses) a domibus suis ad primam congregationem eorum in Syriam. (...) Et nisi scripsisset Deus super eos transmigrationem (idest nisi decrevisset eos ex Arabia in Syriam eiciendos) certe eos punivisset in hoc mundo, et ipsis in futuro saeculo erit tormentum ignis. Hoc, quia ipsi schisma fecerunt adversus Deum et Legatum eius. (...) Quod excidistis de palmis vel reliquistis illas stantes super truncos suos, fuit porro per voluntatem Dei.'' (59,2–5)<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> Anno [[627]] copiae Meccanae cum sociis Medinam oppugnaverunt (quae oppugnatio in historiographia Islamica ''ġazwat al-ḫandaq'', "bellum fossae", appellatur), sed frustra. Meccanis regressis gentem Iudaicam [[Banu Quraiza]] trucidari iussit, quod se in urbe defendenda - secundum traditionem Islamicam - non adiuvisset. Gens Banu Quraiza ab urbe Medina in austro-orientem versus agros coluerat.<ref>Michael Lecker: ''Muslims, Jews and Pagans. Studies on Early Islamic Medina''. Brill, 1995. P. 25 s.</ref> Dum urbs oppugnatur, gens Banu Quraiza formaliter recte egerat<ref>''The Encyclopaedia of Islam''. New Edition. Brill, Leiden. Vol. 5, P. 436</ref>, Musulmanis ad fossam effodendam palas commodaverant<ref>Meir J. Kister: The Massacre of the Banū Quraiza: A re-examination of a tradition. In: Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam 8 (1986). P. 86</ref>, contra autem aggressores cibo instruxerant<ref>''Encyclopaedia Judaica''. 2. editio. Macmillan Reference USA, Detroit. Vol. 16, P. 776</ref> et cum eis clam egerant.<ref>W. Montgomery Watt, Alford T. Welch: ''Der Islam: Mohammed und die Frühzeit, Islamisches Recht, Religiöses Leben''. In: Christel Matthias Schröder: ''Die Religionen der Menschheit''. Kohlhammer, 1980. Vol. 25/1, p. 114</ref> Praeterea Mahometum ac asseclas a tergo adoriri moliti erant.<ref>W. Montgomery Watt: ''Muhammad. Prophet and Statesman''. Oxford University Press, 1961. P. 171</ref> Variae Alcorani surae "belli fossae" et gentis Banu Quraiza exstinctionis mentionem faciunt res gestas secundum Dei voluntatem factas praedicantes. :''Et reppulit Deus eos, qui erant infideles (nempe coniuratos) cum furore suo, non obtinuerunt bonum ullum, sufficiens fuit Deus ad proelium fidelibus, nam est Deus fortis, praepotens. Et descendere fecit eos ex scripturalibus ex arcibus suis (nempe Coraidenses) et coniecit in cordibus eorum terrorem: partem eorum occidistis et captivastis partem eorum et hereditare fecit vos Deus terram eorum et habitacula eorum et facultates eorum et terram, quam numquam calcaveratis. Nam est Deus ad omnem rem potens.'' (33,25–27)<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> Vide etiam suras 2,109; 5, 41; 5,52 et 8, 58, quas exegetae ad fortunam gentium Banū ʾl-Naḍīr et Banu Quraiza referunt. Mahometus ex praeda inter alia [[Raihana|Raiyḥānam]] accepit, quam [[concubina]]m habuit. Sunt, qui eam postea religionem Islamicam secutam esse velint. Una cum gente Banu Quraiza etiam socii eorum, Arabes Banu Kilab ibn 'Amir, interfecti sunt. Unam ex feminis eorum, al-Naschāt (sive: al-Schāt) bint Rifā'a, Mahometus in matrimonium duxit, mox autem repudiavit. Cum feminae filiique Banu Quraiza in servitutem redacti sunt, de feminis filiisque Banu Kilab ibn 'Amir nihil certi notum est. === Al-Hudaibiya et Meccae expugnatio === [[Fasciculus:Muhammad destroying idols - L'Histoire Merveilleuse en Vers de Mahomet BNF.jpg|thumb|300px|Mahometus Meccam ingreditur (dextra). Sectatores eius [[Mythologia Arabica|idola Arabica]] ibi collocata delent (sinistra). Ex Mirzā Muḥammad Rafīʿ ("Bāzil") (1713-1781): ''Ḥamla-i-ḥaydarī'' (Impetus leonis [commentarius poeticus de Mahometo et quattuor primis caliphis]<ref>Hermann Ethé: ''Neupersische Literatur'', in: Wilhelm Geiger / Ernst Kuhn (ed.): ''Grundriss der iranischen Philologie'', Vol. 2, Trübner, Argentorati 1897, 212-368, ibi 235.</ref>), [[Caspira]] 1808, Ms. suppl. pers. 1030 s. 305v in thesauro [[Bibliothèque Nationale de France|Bibliothèque Nationale]] [[Lutetia]]e<ref>[http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8432900m/f626.image in interrete] in BNF; [http://expositions.bnf.fr/parole/grand/sup-pers_1030_305v-306.htm Scitu digna] a BNF praebita ad folium.</ref>.]] Mense Martio anno [[628]] (anno sexto post hegiram) Mahometus una cum sectatoribus iter Meccam fecit, ut ibi parvam peregrinationem (''[['umra]]'') conficeret. Cum autem a Meccanis impeditus sit, prope sanctuarium Meccanum apud al-Hudaibiya foedus initum est quinque conventa principalia comprehendens: * Indutiae biennii (secundum alios: decem annorum); * Securitas musulmanorum, qui posthac peregrinationem confecturi aut in regionibus meridianis mercaturi essent; * Securitas gentis Quraisch, qui in regionibus septentrionalibus mercaturi essent; * Traditio musulmanorum, qui patronis inivitis Mecca Medinam fugituri essent; * Renuntiatio parvae peregrinationis anno foederis facti, sed peregrinitationis fides anno sequenti. Receptum Mahometi multi sectatores - imprimis traditionis profugorum causa - aegre passi sunt. Omnis sura 48 (''al-Fath'' = eventus, victoria) de hac re agit, quae autem res gestas victoriam Mahometi fuisse affirmat, quod expugnationem oasis [[Khaibar]], quae Iudaeis divitibus erat, comprehendit. Oasi Khaibar mense Maio anno [[628]] expugnata Mahometus una cum 2000 sectatoribus mense Martio anno [[629]] Meccam iit, ut ibi peregrinationem parvam ('''umra'') conficeret. Quod Meccani conventa fregissent,<ref>''The Encyclopaedia of Islam''. New Edition. Brill, Leiden. Bd. 6, S.&nbsp;147 („Makka“): „A breach of the terms of this treaty by Meccan allies led to a great Muslim expedition against Mecca with some 10,000 men. The town was surrendered almost without a blow, and all the Meccans, except a handful who were guilty of specific offences against Muhammad or some Muslim, were assured their lives and property would be safe if they behaved honourably.“</ref> mense Ianuario anno [[630]] exercitus musulmanorum bene instructus Meccam expugnavit. Quod Mahometus unicuique, qui pugna abstinuit, securitatem praestitit, Mecca paene sine caede capta est; soli 28 Meccani pugnantes ceciderunt, alii fugerunt. Mahometus nonnullas hebdomades Meccae remansit, sanctuarium (''[[Caba]]'') purgavit, statuas deorum et in sanctuario et in domibus privatis amoveri destruique iussit. In urbis vicinia templa deorum [[al-Manât]] et [[al-'Uzza]] destruxit et gentes [[Beduini|Beduinorum]], ut religioni Islamicae se coniungerent, invitavit. Gentes fortissimos circa Meccam viventes nomine [[Taif|al-Ta'if]] mense Ianuario anno [[630]] - quamvis magno labore (de quo sura 9,25–26) - subactae sunt. Pristinus Mahometi adversarius nomine [[Abu Sufyan|Abu Sufyân]], qui ante Meccam expugnatam ad religionem Islamicam converterat, deam principalem [[Alilat|al-Lât]] in Ta'if delevit. == Peregrinatio suprema et mors Mahometi == [[Fasciculus:Medina Grab des Propheten.JPG|thumb|Prinicipalis Medinae meschita, ubi est sepulcrum Mahometi. Siderographia (saec. 19).]] Anno [[632]] Mahometus peregrinationem supremam Meccam fecit, mense Martio ineunte cum asseclis Meccam advenit. In ritibus conficiendis singula caeremoniarum constituit etiam quosdam mores antiquos (qui ante religionem Islamicam exstiterunt) inserens. :''Antequam Meccam ingrederentur, consuetis ritibus sese praeparavere. Ducebat atuem secum centum, seu ut alii scribunt, sexaginta et sex oves mactandas. Еt in itinere seorsim ab aliis incedebat. . . . Sunt qui scribunt, quotidie in itinere [[Alcoranum]] super eum de [[caelum|coelo]] descendisse. Ingressus Meccam cum peregrinis, primus circuivit septies [[Caaba]]m, ter velociter currens, quater auter pedetentim incedens. Deinde invisit montes Sapham et Meruan et vallem Minam et montem Araphat, ubi concionem ad populum habuit. Deinde regrediens in vallem Minam septem lapillos de more post tergum suum projecit, quibus diabolum [[lapis|lapidaret]]; et mox [[ovis|oves]], quas adduxerat, immolavit. . . . Deinde ad Caabam reversus septies iterum eam circumivit. Bibit etiam aquam haustam ex [[puteus Zamzam|puteo Zamzam]]. Postea rediens in Minam, moratus еst ibi tribus diebus, projecitque quotidie contra diabolum tres lapillos, septies deambulando. . . . Deinde, praeparatis iis, quae ad reditum erant necessaria, iterum Caabam circumivit, ac deinde Medinam versus iter suscepit.''<ref>Alcorani textus universus ex correctioribus Arabum exemplaribus . . . descriptus . . . auctore Lodovico Marracci, Patavii 1698, pars prima, p. 29.</ref> Secundum traditionem Islamicam Mahometus in monte [[Araphat (mons)|Araphat]] suram quintam edidit, ut fidelibus quasi heredidatem relinqueret. Inter alia legitur: :''Hodie perfeci vobis religionem vestram et complevi super vos gratiam meam, et placuit mihi tradere vobis religionem Eslam (id est: Islam)'' (5,4).<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> Saepe etiam haec ultima verba, quae in Corano non inveniuntur, referuntur: :''Vobis clara ac distincta reliqui; in quibus si permanseritis, numquam in errore eritis: Librum Dei ac [[Sunna]]m prophetae eius. Homines, audite verba mea et intellegite! Sciatis unumquemque Musulmanum esse Musulmani fratrem Musulmanosque inter ipsos fratres''.<ref>Ex commentatione [[:de:Mohammed]] sumptum ac Latine versum.</ref> Peregrinatio ultima, etiam "peregrinatio Islamica" dicta, rerum gestarum Mahometi culmen fuit. Medinam reversus administrationem bellorum sociis (''[[sahaba]]'') transtulit. Aegritudine subitanea affectus die [[8 Iunii]] anno [[632]] in domo [[Aischa bint Abi Bakr|Aisa]] uxoris necopinatus mortuus est. Nuntio mortis Medinae perturbatio magna orta est, ut [[corpus]] eius, ut quidam historiographi narrant, totum diem neglectum iaceret, donec in domo Aisae sepultum est. Sepulcrum Mahometi, una cum sepulcro [[Abu Bakr]] et [[Umar ibn al-Chattab]], hodie in [[Meschita prophetae]], quae est Medinae mescita principalis, invenitur. Mahometo mortuo Abu Bakr, qui mox Mahometum successit, inter alia hunc Alcorani versum recitasse dicitur: :Et non est Mahometus nisi legatus. Iam praeterierunt ante eum legati. An ergo si moriatur aut occidatur, convertemini super calcaneos vestros (id est: redibitis ad infidelitatem)? At qui conversus fuerit super calcaneos suos, non utique nocebit Deo quidquam, et mox remunerabit Deus gratias agentes. (3:144)<ref name="Alcoranus Latinus"/> {{NexInt}} * [[Hadit]] * [[Maulid]] == Notae == <references/> <references group="n"/> == Bibliographia == * Ahmed, Leila. [[1986]]. Women and the Advent of Islam. ''Signs'' 11(4):665–691. doi:10.1086/494271. * Ali, Muhammad Mohar. [[1997]]. ''The Biography of the Prophet and the Orientalists.'' King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Holy Qur'an. ISBN 9960-770-68-0. http://www.islamhouse.com/p/51772. * Armstrong, Karen. [[1992]]. ''Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet.'' Harpercollins. ISBN 0-06-250886-5. * Awde, Nicholas. [[2000]]. ''Women in Islam: An Anthology from the Quran and Hadith.'' Routledge. ISBN 0-7007-1012-4. * Ballard, Harold Wayne, Donald N. Penny, et W. Glenn Jonas. [[2002]]. ''A Journey of Faith: An Introduction to Christianity.'' Mercer University Press. ISBN 0-86554-746-7. * Barlas, Asma. [[2002]]. ''Believing Women in Islam.'' University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-70904-8. * Bogle, Emory C. [[1998]]. ''Islam: Origin and Belief.'' Texas University Press. ISBN 0-292-70862-9. * Brown, Daniel. [[2003]]. ''A New Introduction to Islam.'' Blackwell Publishing Professional. ISBN 978-0-631-21604-9. * Bullough, Vern L., Brenda Shelton, et Sarah Slavin. [[1998]]. ''The Subordinated Sex: A History of Attitudes Toward Women.'' University of Georgia Press. ISBN 978-0-8203-2369-5. * Cohen, Mark R. [[1995]]. ''Under Crescent and Cross.'' Princeton University Press. 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Montgomery | title=Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman | url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadprophets00watt | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=[[1961]] | isbn=0-19-881078-4}} (Editio nova, [[1974]]) * {{cite journal |last1 = Weil |first1 = Gustav |last2 = Sanders |first2 = Frank K. |last3 = Dunning |first3 = Harry W. | year = [[1895]] |title = An Introduction to the Quran |url = https://archive.org/details/sim_biblical-world_1895-03_5_3/page/181 |journal = The Biblical World | location = Sicagi | publisher = The University of Chicago Press |volume = 5 |issue = 3 |pages = 181–191 |jstor = 3135387 |doi = 10.1086/471621}} * Weil, Gustav. [[1895]] An Introduction to the Quran II. ''The Biblical World'' 5(4):273–286. JSTOR 3135160. doi:10.1086/471639. * {{cite book |editor1-first=Jonathan E. |editor1-last=Brockopp |title=The Cambridge companion to Muhammad |url=http://www.cambridge.org/9780521713726 |series=Cambridge Companions to Religion |year=[[2010]] |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521713726}} === Encyclopediae === * McNeill, William H., Jerry H. Bentley, et David Christian. [[2005]]. ''Berkshire Encyclopedia of World History.''Berkshire Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-9743091-0-1. * {{cite encyclopedia | editor=Richard C. Martin, Said Amir Arjomand, Marcia Hermansen, Abdulkader Tayob, Rochelle Davis, John Obert Voll | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam & the Muslim World | publisher=MacMillan Reference Books | year=[[2003]] | isbn=978-0-02-865603-8}} * {{cite encyclopedia | editor=P.J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs | encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online | publisher=Brill Academic Publishers | issn=1573-3912}} * {{cite encyclopedia | editor=Lindsay Jones | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Religion | publisher=MacMillan Reference Books | edition=2a | year=[[2005]] | isbn=978-0-02-865733-2}} * {{cite encyclopedia | editor=Jane Dammen McAuliffe | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of the Qur'an | publisher=Brill Academic Publishers | year=[[2005]] | isbn=978-90-04-12356-4}} * {{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of World History | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=[[1998]] | isbn=0-19-860223-5}} * {{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=The New Encyclopædia Britannica | publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Incorporated | edition=Rev | year=[[2005]] | isbn=978-1-59339-236-9}} == Bibliographia addita == * {{cite book | author=[[Tor Andrae|Andrae, Tor]] | title=Mohammed: The Man and His Faith | url=https://archive.org/details/mohammedmanhisfa0000andr_k5k0 | publisher=Dover | year=[[2000]] | isbn=0-486-41136-2}} * {{cite book | author=Berg, Herbert (ed) | title=Method and Theory in the Study of Islamic Origins | publisher=E. J. Brill | year=[[2003]] | isbn=9004126023}} * {{cite book | author=Michael Cook | title=Muhammad | url=https://archive.org/details/muhammad0000cook_h0b4 | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=[[1983]] | isbn=0-19-287605-8 (reissue 1996)}} * {{cite book | author=Muhammad Hamidullah | title=The Life and Work of the Prophet of Islam | publisher=Islamabad: Islamic Research Institute | year=[[1998]] | isbn=969-8413-00-6}} * {{cite book |author=Haraldus Motzki, ed. | title=The Biography of Muhammad: The Issue of the Sources (Islamic History and Civilization: Studies and Texts, Vol. 32) |url=https://archive.org/details/biographyofmuham0000unse | publisher=Brill | year=[[2000]] |isbn=90-04-11513-7}} * Musa, A. Y. [[2008]]. ''Hadith as Scripture: Discussions on The Authority Of Prophetic Traditions in Islam.'' Novi Eboraci: Palgrave. * {{cite book | author=Uri Rubin | title=The Eye of the Beholder: The Life of Muhammad as Viewed by the Early Muslims (A Textual Analysis) | url=https://archive.org/details/eyeofbeholderlif0000rubi | publisher=Darwin Press | year=[[1995]] | isbn=087850110X}} * {{cite book | author=Anna Maria Schimmel | title=And Muhammad is His Messenger: The Veneration of the Prophet in Islamic Piety | url=https://archive.org/details/andmuhammadishis00schi | publisher=The University of North Carolina Press | year=[[1985]] | isbn=0807841285}} * {{cite book |last = Spencer |first = Robert |year = [[2006]] |title = The Truth About Muhammad |url = https://archive.org/details/truthaboutmuhamm0000spen |publisher = Regnery Publishing, USA |isbn = 9781596980280}} * {{cite book | author=Norman Stillman | year=[[1975]] | title=The Jews of Arab Lands: a History and Source Book | url=https://archive.org/details/jewsofarablandsh0000norm | publisher=Jewish Publication Society of America | isbn=0-8276-0198-0}} * {{cite journal|journal = Proceedings of the 11th International Congress of Turkish Art|author = Wijdan, Ali|title = From the Literal to the Spiritual: The Development of Prophet Muhammad's Portrayal from 13th century Ilkhanid Miniatures to 17th century Ottoman Art|volume = |location=Traiecti ad Rhenum eds. M. Kiel, N. Landman, and H. Theunissen.| date = 23–28 Augusti [[1999]]|url= |pages = 1–24|doi =|issue = 7}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Muhammad|Mahometum}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100325224057/http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/MH_LM/default.htm De Vita Mahometi] {{Ling|Anglice}} {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Homines}} [[Categoria:Mortui 632]] [[Categoria:Nati saeculo 6]] [[Categoria:Auctores Arabici]] [[Categoria:Incolae Arabiae]] [[Categoria:Mahometus|!]] [[Categoria:Prophetae Islamici]] [[Categoria:Conditores religionum]] [[Categoria:Religionis doctores]] o8bh6gjlcfvwl1ululh976kdgltkrvh Carmelitae 0 8178 3993275 3934601 2026-10-06T22:20:00Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993275 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Carmelitemonks.jpg|thumb|Carmelitae]] [[Fasciculus:Nun and novice discalced carmelites in Porto Alegre Brazil 20101129.jpeg|thumb|[[Monialis]] ([[professio religiosa|votis sollemnibus]]) et [[Novitiatus|novitia]] [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|Ordinis Carmelitarum Discalceatarum]]]] '''Ordo Fratrum Beatae Mariae Virginis de Monte Carmelo''' (vel '''Virginis Mariae de Monte Carmelo'''), sive brevius '''Ordo fratrum Beatae''' (vel '''Beatissimae''' ) seu saepissime '''Carmelitae'''<ref>Cf. [https://web.archive.org/web/20101214032857/http://carmelites.org/communications/medieval/6.htm Speculum fratrum ordinis beatae Mariae]</ref> est [[Ordo religiosus|ordo]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae]] [[saeculum 12|saeculo duodecimo]] in monte [[Carmel]] (in hodierna civitate [[Israel (civitas)|Israel]]) ortus, e quo monte nomen ordinis deductum est. Eventum maximi momenti pro Carmelitis est donatio [[Scapulare Fuscum]] Sancto Simoni Stock a Beata Virgine Maria anno 1251. Cum ordo initio vitam plene [[monachus|monasticam]] sequebatur, postea in ordinem [[Ordines Mendicantes|mendicantem]] mutatus est. [[saeculum 15|Saeculo decimo quinto]] etiam ramus ordinis femineus conditus est. Ordo [[saeculum 16|saeculo decimo sexto]] in '''Ordinem Carmelitarum Calceatarum''' ([[Index siglorum ordinum ecclesiae catholicae|sigla]]: '''OCC''' vel '''OCarm''') et severiorem '''[[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|Ordinem Carmelitarum Discalceatarum]]''' ([[Index siglorum ordinum ecclesiae catholicae|sigla]]: '''OCD''' vel '''OCarmD''') divisus est. {{Vide-etiam|Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum}} Praeterea sunt numerosae [[congregatio]]nes [[soror (religiosa)|sororum]] ordini aggregatae. == Homines == * [[Simon Stock]] (1165-1265; sanctus) * [[Teresia Magna|Teresia Abulensis]] (1515-1582; sancta; [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|OCD]]) * [[Ioannes a Cruce]] (1542-1591; sanctus; [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatorum|OCD]]) * [[Barbara Acaria]], seu ''Maria de Incarnatione''<ref>Cf. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111019075213/http://mercaba.org/SANTORAL/Vida/04/04-30-B_maria_de_la_encarnacion.htm Vita]</ref> (1565-1618; beata; [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|OCD]]) * [[Philippus a Sanctissima Trinitate]], theologus et missionarius (1603–1671; [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|OCD]]) * [[Martyres Carmelitae Compendienses XV]] († 1794; beatae martyres; [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|OCD]]) * [[Titus Brandsma]] (1881-1942; beatus martyr; OCC) * [[Teresia Lexoviensis]] (1873-1897; sancta; doctrix ecclesiae; [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|OCD]]) * [[Editha Stein]] (1891-1942; sancta martyr; [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|OCD]]) * [[Lucia Fatimensis]] (1907-2007; una e tribus liberis, qui Mariam pluries prope Fatimam vidisse creduntur; [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|OCD]]) * [[Suitbertus Siedl]] (1923-2006; peritus Sacrarum scripturarum, [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatarum|OCD]]) * [[Reginaldus Foster]] (1939-2020; latinista; [[Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatorum|OCD]]) {{NexInt}} * [[Religiosus]] == Nexus externus == {{CommuniaCat|Roman Catholic Carmelite orders|Carmelitas}} * [http://stephanscom.at/edw/ordensabkuerzungen.html abbreviationes ecclesiae catholicae Romanae (Germanice editum cum verbis Latinis)] == Notae == <references/> {{reli-stipula}} {{Religiosi}} [[Categoria:Ordines mendicantes]] [[Categoria:Honorius III]] 69yeclvvp5yav7noyg6bgxl5u1fkgvx Religio Islamica 0 8286 3993220 3978567 2026-10-06T16:33:05Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20261006)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3993220 wikitext text/x-wiki {{De Religione Islamica}} '''Religio Islamica,'''<ref>"Tahir ul-Qadri, a fontibus Islamicae Religionis hauriens, ausus est": ''[http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2010/nuntius1.php?id=780 Ephemeris]'' (2010).</ref> vel '''Islamus'''<ref>Ludovicus Gulielmus Christianus van den Berg, De contractu "do ut des" iure Mohammedano, Lugduni Batavorum, anno 1868 {{Google Books|0IZDAQAAMAAJ|pag. 14}}; Ṭabari, M. J. de Goeje et Arib ibn Sad al-Qurṭubi, Tarikh al-rusul wa al-muluk, tomus 14, anno 1965 {{Google Books|XjDxAAAAMAAJ|pag. CDXXIII}}; Ern. Frid. Car. Rosenmüller, Analecta Arabica: Institutiones iuris Mohammedani circa bellum contra eos qui ab Islamo sunt alieni, Lipsiae, anno 1825 {{Google Books|trVCAAAAcAAJ|pag. 13}}.</ref><ref>''[[Islamismus]]'' quoque nonnumquam religionem Islamicam designat, sed cave hodie verbo ''Islamismus'' generaliter doctrina intellegitur, quae religionem Islamicam etiam legem ad rem publicam gerendam esse arbitratur.</ref> aut in [[lingua Arabica|Arabico sermone]] ''al-Islām'' (litteris Arabicis الإسلام: IPA praecipue [ʔɪsˈlæːm] et [ʔiˈslaːm]<ref>Vox [[Lingua Arabica|Arabica]] [[regio]]ne variatur. Prima [[abecedarium|littera]] vocalis ab [i] per [ɪ] ad [e], et altera littera vocalis a [æ] per [a] et [ä] ad [ɛ] commutatur. In nonnullis regionibus [[geographia|geographicis]], sicut [[Africa]] boreoccidentali, linguae [[momentum (linguistica)|momento]] carent.</ref>), est [[religio]] [[monotheismus|monotheistica]], abs [[Alcoranum|Alcorano]] [[liber sacer|libro sacro]] articulata et a fidelibus verbum [[Deus (Islam)|Dei]] ([[Arabice]] [[الله]], ''[[Allāh]]''<ref>[[Deus]] saepe ab Musulmanis appellatur ''Allāh,'' qui origine fuit forma brevis pro ''al 'ilāh'' 'ille deus', quod [[lingua Arabica|Arabicum]] ''al-'' est articulum definitivum sicut [[lingua Graeca|Graecum]] ὁ ''ho'' et [[Lingua Theodisca|Germanicum]] ''der'' et [[lingua Anglica|Anglicum]] ''the''.</ref>) ad verbum habita, secundum doctrinas ordinariumque exemplum ([[Sunnah]] appellatum, ex [[hadit]] compositum) [[Mahometus|Mahometi]], ultimi [[Propheta (Islam)|prophetae Dei]]. Adsectatores religionis Islamicae appellantur [[Musulmanus|Musulmani]]. Religio Islamica [[saeculum 7|saeculo septimo]] ineunte in [[Arabia]] a Mahometo propheta condita est. Cum fere 1.8 [[milliardum|milliardis]] fidelium<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200531033459/http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/religions/muslims Muslims] in: Pew-Templeton Project, die 12 Martii 2015.</ref> post [[religio Christiana|Christianam]] (cum fere 2.2 milliardis)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150408003230/http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/religions/christians Christians] in: Pew-Templeton Project, die 12 Martii 2015.</ref> hodie in orbe terrarum numero fidelium secunda est religio. Decem civitates, quibus est maxima omnium Musulmanorum pars, sunt [[Indonesia]] (12.9%), [[Pakistania]] (11.1%), [[India]] (10.3%), [[Bangladesha]] (9.3%), [[Aegyptus]] et [[Nigeria]] (utraque 5%), [[Irania]] et [[Turcia]] (utraque 4.7%), [[Algeria]] (2.2%) et [[Marocum]] (fere 2%). In his [[civitas|civitatibus]] plus quam duae partes omnium Musulmanorum vivunt.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100802053428/http://pewforum.org/uploadedfiles/Orphan_Migrated_Content/Muslimpopulation.pdf Mapping the global Muslim population], Pew Resarch Center 2009.</ref> Duo sunt fundamenta litteraria religionis Islamicae: primum [[Alcoranus]], qui verbum [[Deus (Islam)|Dei]] Mahometo revelatum habetur; secundum [[narratio]]nes ([[Hadit]]) de vitae moribus (Sunnah) Mahometi, cuius in mores velut "legati Dei" ac exempli se Musulmani formare debent. Omnes ex his litteris sumptae regulae [[Sharia|ius Islamicum]] (شريعة ''saria'') efficiunt. [[Fasciculus:Star_and_Crescent.svg|thumb|upright=0.4|left|Stella et cornua lunae (Hilal), unum e [[signum|signis]] Islamicis maximi momenti.]] [[Fasciculus:Kaaba at night.jpg|thumb|[[Caba]] [[Mecca]]e [[Saudi Arabia|Arabiae]], hic [[nox|nocte]] visum, est [[qibla|sedes religionis Islamicae]], ubi [[Musulmani]] inter se ex omne [[tellus|orbe terrarum]] ad [[prex|orandum]] congrediuntur.]] [[Fasciculus:Islam_by_country.svg|thumb|Civitates, quarum Islamica incolarum pars 5 centesimas transcendit. Viride: [[Secta Sunnitica|Sunnitae]], rubrum: [[Secta Siitica|Siitae]], caeruleum: [[Ibaditae]] ([[Omania]]).]] Musulmani credunt [[Deus|Deum]] esse [[Tawhid|unum et incomparabilem]], et [[propositum vitae]] [[homo|humanae]] esse hunc [[deitas|deitatem]] [[veneratio|venerari]].<ref>Vide: {{Cite quran|51|56|style=ref}}. {{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html |title=God |work=Islam: Empire of Faith |quote=''For Muslims, God is unique and without equal.'' |publisher=Public Broadcasting Service}}.</ref> Verbum quidem ''Islam'' significat '[[mens|mentis]] et [[anima|spiritús]] deditionem' ad hoc [[numen]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/notislam/misconceptions.html#HEADING1 |title=USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts |publisher=Usc.edu}}.</ref> vel 'submissio' (erga id). Ei etiam credunt Islamum esse absolutam et universam primordialis fidei patefactionem, quae multis temporibus locisque a nuntiis Dei revelata est, inter eos [[Abraham (Islam)|Abraham]], [[Moyses (Islam)|Moyses]], et [[Iesus (Islamus)|Iesus]], quos ei habent [[propheta (Islam)|prophetas]].<ref name="People-of-the-Book">{{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithpeople.html |title=People of the Book |work=[[Islam: Empire of Faith]] |publisher=Public Broadcasting Service|PBS}}.</ref> Tradunt priores nuntios et patefactiones partim [[Tahrif|mutatas vel corruptas]] fuisse,<ref name="Distorted">Accad (2003), Ibn Taymiya, quamquam nonnulli Musulmani textualem omnis Bibliorum veritatem, permulti Musulmani veritatem plurimi verborum accipiunt. Esposito (1998:6,12. Esposito 2002b:4–5. Peters 2003:9. F, Buhl, et A T. Welch, "Muhammad," ''Encyclopaedia of Islam Online.'' Hava Lazarus-Yafeh, "Tahrif," ''Encyclopaedia of Islam Online.''</ref> sed [[Alcoranum]] enimvero esse integram et ultimam Dei patefactionem.<ref>Bennett 2010:101.</ref> Inter notiones [[mos|moresque]] Musulmanorum religiosos sunt [[Quinque columnae Islamicae]], quae pro fundamentalibus venerationis notionibus usibusque necessariis sunt, et lex Islamica (Saria), quae paene omnem [[vita]]e [[societas humana|societatis]]que aspectum tangit, consilium in rebus multiplicibus suppeditans, ab [[aerarium Islamicum|aerario]] et [[zakat|salute]], ad [[iurisprudentia militaris Islamica|militiam]] et [[ethica Islamica|circumiectum]].<ref>Esposito 2002b:17.</ref><ref>Esposito 2002b:111, 112, 118. "Shari'ah," ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online.''</ref> ==Quinque religionis columnae== In religione Islamica [[quinque]] sunt elementa, quae [[Quinque columnae Islamicae|columnae religionis]] vocantur: *[[fides|fidei]] professio, hisce verbis expressa: "Testor nullum esse deum nisi Deum Machometumque prophetam eius esse." (Arabice haec locutio [[Sahada]] appellatur). *[[prex|preces]] (‏صلاة‎ ''salāt''): quinquiens quotidie: ante solis ortum, meridie, post meridiem, sole occidente, nocte incipiente. Praescriptum est, ut quemque precem vocatus a [[muazinus|muazino]] de [[minaretum|minareto]] clamatus et lavatio ritualis antecedat. [[Feria sexta preces]] meridianae in [[meschita]] adhibentur, quod viris debitum officium, feminis autem commendatio est. *[[operatio benevola|eleemosyna]] (‏زكاة‎ ''zakāt''):<ref>William Montgomery Watt et Alford T. Welch, eds. (1980), "Mohammed und die Frühzeit, islamisches Recht, religiöses Leben," in ''Der Islam'' (Die Religionen der Menschheit, vol. 25, ISBN 3170054287) 1:137, 303. Udo Schaefer, ''Glaubenswelt Islam: Eine Einführung,'' ed. secunda, noviter tractata (Hildesiae, Turici, Novi Eboraci: Georg Olms, 2002, ISBN 3487101599), p. 70.</ref> Tributum, quod ab omni Musulmano sano, libero, adulto ac satis locupleti ad pauperes, servos, debitores et viatores adiuvandos nec non in [[gihad]] dandum est. Summa secundum condiciones variat. *[[ieiunium]] mense [[Ramadan]] habitum. *[[periegesis|peregrinatio]] [[Mecca]]m ultimo lunae mense. ==Sectae== [[Fasciculus:FirstSurahKoran.jpg|thumb|[[Al-Fatiha|Prima sura]] in libro [[Qur'an]]ico ab [[Hattat Aziz Efendi]] manu scripto.]] Dividuntur in nonnullas factiones Musulmani, inter quas [[Secta Sunnitica|Sunnitae]] [[Secta Siitica|Siitaeque]]. Siitae credunt auctoritatem, propheta defuncto, recte in [[Ali Abitalibi filius|Ali]] generum Machometi transmissam esse, absque illo in [[familia]]m eius; Sunnitae contra credunt illam auctoritatem per electionem transmissam esse, itaque [[Omar]]i successoribusque eius. Invenies et Sunnitas et Siitas per mundum Islamicum dispositos; praeponderunt tamen Siitae in [[Irania]], [[Mesopotamia]] [[Libanus|Libanoque]], Sunnitae alibi. Est etiam [[tres|tertia]] factio, [[Charigitae|Secta Charigitica]] appellata, quae olim magnam [[Africa Septentrionalis|Africae Septentrionalis]] partem occupabat, hodie tantum in [[Omania]] (vide [[Ibaditae]]) et in tribus parvis Africae Septentrionalis regionibus fideles complures habet. ==Loci sacri== Religio Islamica varios locos quasi sacros habet. Principalis est [[Mecca]], ubi sanctuarium [[Caba]] ponitur et quo Musulmani peregrinationem ([[Hagga]]m) faciunt; hi peregrinatores nomine ''hajji'' honorantur. Etiam [[Medina]] (''urbs prophetae'') et [[Hierosolyma]] sacrae vocantur. [[Hegira]] ([[Arabice]] ''hijra'') fuit fuga Mahometi discipulorumque suorum a [[Mecca]] ad [[Yathrebum]], quod [[oppidum]] postea nominatur "Oppidum Prophetae" (''Madinat an Nabi''), vel breviter [[Medina]]. {{NexInt}} [[Fasciculus:Sultan Ahmed Mosque, Istambul.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Meschita Sultan Ahmed (Constantinopolis)|Mescita Sultan Ahmet]] [[Constantinopolis|Constantinopoli]] [[Turcia]]e.]] [[Fasciculus:Muslim girls at Istiqlal Mosque jakarta.png|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Puella]]e Musulmanae pro [[Meschita Istiqlal|Mescitá Istiqlal]] [[Iakarta]]e stant. Multae [[mulier]]es Musulmanae [[coma]]s coram omnibus non monstrant.]] {{div col|3}} <!-- *[[Al-Aqeedah Al-Waasitiyyah]]--> *[[Annus Hegirae]] *[[Ars Islamica]] *''[[Dhikr]]'' *[[Divisiones mundi in Islam]] *[[Ethica Islamica]] *[[Hatib]] *[[Index Islamicus]] *[[Index theologorum]] *[[Irfan]] *[[Islam et aliae religiones]] *[[Islam et animalia]] *[[Islam et pueri]] *[[Islam et scientia]] *[[Islam et saecularismus]] *[[Islam et modernitas]] *[[Islamismus]] *[[Islamophobia]] *[[Iudicium Islamismi]] *[[Iudicium Hadith]] *[[Litterae Islamicae]] *[[Medicina Islamica]] *''[[Nasid]]'' *[[Oeconomia Islamica]] *[[Qadariyya]] *[[Religio monotheistica]] *[[Religio pacis]] *[[Sharia]]<!-- *[[Tempora historiae Islamicae]] *[[Studia Islamica]] [[Islamica iuris prudentia]]--> {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== ===Libri et diurni=== *Accad, Martin. [[2003]]. The Gospels in the Muslim Discourse of the Ninth to the Fourteenth Centuries: An Exegetical Inventorial Table (Part I). ''Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations'' 14 (1). ISSN 0959-6410. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Adil, Hajjah Amina, et Shaykh Nazim Adil Al-Haqqani, et Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani. [[2002]]. ''Muhammad: The Messenger of Islam.'' Islamic Supreme Council of America. ISBN 9781930409118. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Ahmed, Akbar. [[1999]]. ''Islam Today: A Short Introduction to the Muslim World.'' Ed. secunda. I. B. Tauris. ISBN 9781860642579. *Armstrong, Karen. [[2006]]. ''Muhammad: A Prophet for our Time.'' Novi Eboraci: HarperCollins. ISBN 0060598972. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Brockopp, Jonathan E. [[2003]]. ''Islamic Ethics of Life: abortion, war and euthanasia.'' University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 1570034710. {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Cohen-Mor | first=Dalya | title=A Matter of Fate: The Concept of Fate in the Arab World as Reflected in Modern Arabic Literature | url=https://archive.org/details/matteroffateconc0000cohe | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=[[2001]] | isbn=0195133986}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Curtis | first=Patricia A. | year=[[2005]] | title=A Guide to Food Laws and Regulations | url=https://archive.org/details/guidetofoodlawsr0000curt | publisher=Blackwell Publishing Professional | isbn=9780813819464}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Eglash | first=Ron | year=[[1999]] | title=African Fractals: Modern Computing and Indigenous Design | publisher=Rutgers University Press | isbn=0813526140}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Ernst | first=Carl | year=[[2004]] | title = Following Muhammad: Rethinking Islam in the Contemporary World | url=https://archive.org/details/followingmuhamma0005erns | publisher=University of North Carolina Press | isbn=0807855774}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Esposito | first=John | authorlink= | coauthors=John Obert Voll | title=Islam and Democracy | url=https://archive.org/details/islamdemocracy0000espo | year=1996 | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=0195108167}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Esposito | first=John | title=Islam: The Straight Path | url=https://archive.org/details/islamstraightpat0000espo | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=1998 | edition=3rd | isbn=9780195112344}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Esposito | first=John|coauthors=Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad | title=Muslims on the Americanization Path? | url=https://archive.org/details/muslimsonamerica00yvon | year=2000a | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=0-19-513526-1}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Esposito | first=John |year=2000b | title=Oxford History of Islam | url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofi00john | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=9780195107999}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Esposito | first=John| year=2002a | title=Unholy War: Terror in the Name of Islam | url=https://archive.org/details/unholywarterrori0000espo_h9s9 | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=9780195168860}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Esposito | first=John| year=2002b | title=What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam | url=https://archive.org/details/whateveryoneneed0000espo | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=0195157133}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Esposito | first=John| title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam | url=https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary00bada | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2003 | isbn=0195125584}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Esposito | first=John| title=Islam: The Straight Path | url=https://archive.org/details/islamstraightpat0001espo | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2004 | edition=3rd Rev Upd | isbn=9780195182668}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Farah | first=Caesar | authorlink= | title=Islam: Beliefs and Observances | publisher=Barron's Educational Series | year=1994 | edition=5th | isbn=9780812018530}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Farah | first=Caesar| title=Islam: Beliefs and Observances | url=https://archive.org/details/islambeliefsobse00fara_0 | publisher=Barron's Educational Series | year=[[2003]] | edition=septima | isbn=978076412226-2}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Firestone | first=Reuven | title=Jihad: The Origin of Holy War in Islam | url=https://archive.org/details/jihadoriginofhol0000fire | location = Oxoniae | publisher= Oxford University Press | year=[[1999]] | isbn=0195125800}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Friedmann | first=Yohanan | title=Tolerance and Coercion in Islam: Interfaith Relations in the Muslim Tradition | location = Cantabrigiae | publisher= Cambridge University Press | year=[[2003]] | isbn=9780521026994}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Ghamidi | first=Javed | title=Mizan | publisher=Dar al-Ishraq | year=[[2001]] | id={{OCLC|52901690}}}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Goldschmidt, Jr. | first=Arthur | coauthors=Lawrence Davidson | title=A Concise History of the Middle East | url=https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof0008gold | publisher=Westview Press | year=[[2005]] | edition=octava | isbn=9780813342757}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Griffith | first=Ruth Marie | coauthors=Barbara Dianne Savage | title=Women and Religion in the African Diaspora: Knowledge, Power, and Performance | url=https://archive.org/details/womenreligionina0000unse_t8y4 | publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press | year=[[2006]] | isbn=0801883709}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Hawting| first=G. R. | title=The First Dynasty of Islam: The Umayyad Caliphate AD 661–750 | url=https://archive.org/details/firstdynastyofis0000hawt| publisher=Routledge | year=[[2000]] | isbn=0415240735}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Hedayetullah | first=Muhammad | title=Dynamics of Islam: An Exposition | publisher=Trafford Publishing | year=[[2006]] | isbn=9781553698425}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Holt | first=P. M. | coauthors=Bernard Lewis | title=Cambridge History of Islam, Vol. 1 | year=[[1977]]a | vucation = Cantabrigae | publisher=Cambridge University Press | isbn=0521291364}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Holt | first=P. M. | coauthors=Ann K. S. Lambton, Bernard Lewis | title=Cambridge History of Islam, Vol. 2 | year=[[1977]]b | location = Cantabrigiae | publisher=Cambridge University Press | isbn=0521291372}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Hourani | first=Albert | coauthor=Malise Ruthven | title=A History of the Arab Peoples | url=https://archive.org/details/historyofarabpeo0000hour_d0t2 | year=[[2003]] | publisher=Belknap Press; Revised edition | isbn=978-0674010178}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Humphreys | first=Stephen | title=Between Memory and Desire | url=https://archive.org/details/betweenmemorydes0000hump_h5k7 | year=[[2005]] | publisher=University of California Press | isbn=052-0246918}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Kobeisy | first=Ahmed Nezar | title=Counseling American Muslims: Understanding the Faith and Helping the People | url=https://archive.org/details/counselingameric0000kobe | publisher=Praeger Publishers | year=[[2004]] | isbn=9780313324727}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| 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isbn=0710204620}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Lewis | first=Bernard | title=The Arabs in History | url=https://archive.org/details/arabsinhistory0000bern | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=[[1993]] | isbn=0192852582}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Lewis | first=Bernard| title=The Middle East | publisher=Scribner | year=[[1997]] | isbn=978-0684832807}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Lewis | first=Bernard| title=Islam in History: Ideas, People, and Events in the Middle East | publisher=Open Court | edition=secunda | year=[[2001]] | isbn=978-0812695182}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Lewis | first=Bernard| title=What Went Wrong?: The Clash Between Islam and Modernity in the Middle East | url=https://archive.org/details/whatwentwrongcl00lewi | publisher=Harper Perennial | edition=Reprint | year=[[2003]] | isbn=978-0060516055}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Lewis | first=Bernard| title=The Crisis of Islam: Holy War and Unholy Terror | 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[http://jstor.org/stable/3511655 Review: Islam and the West: The Making of an Image (Norman Daniel).] ''Review of Religious Research'' 36(1):88. doi:10.2307/3511655. {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Sells | first=Michael Anthony | coauthors=Emran Qureshi | title=The New Crusades: Constructing the Muslim Enemy | url=https://archive.org/details/newcrusadesconst0000unse | publisher=Columbia University Press | year=2003 | isbn=0231126670}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Smith | first=Jane I. | title=The Islamic Understanding of Death and Resurrection | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2006 | isbn=9780195156492}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Stillman | first=Norman | title=The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book | url=https://archive.org/details/jewsofarablandsh0000unse | publisher=Jewish Publication Society of America | location=Philadelphia | year=1979 | isbn=1-82760-198-1}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Tabatabae | first=Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn | coauthors=Seyyed Hossein Nasr (translator) | title= Shi'ite Islam | url=https://archive.org/details/shiiteislam0000taba |publisher=Suny press| year=1979 | isbn=0873952723}} {{Ling|Anglice}} * {{Cite book| last=Tabatabae | first=Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn | coauthors=R. 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[[2003]]. ''Leaving Islam: Apostates Speak Out.'' Prometheus. ISBN 1591020689. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Watt, W. Montgomery. [[1973]]. ''The Formative Period of Islamic Thought.'' Edimburgi: University Press Edinburgh. ISBN 085224245X. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Watt, W. Montgomery. [[1974]]. ''Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198810784. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Weiss, Bernard G. [[2002]]. ''Studies in Islamic Legal Theory.'' Bostoniae: Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 9004120661. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Williams, John Alden. [[1994]]. ''The Word of Islam.'' University of Texas Press. ISBN 0292790767. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Williams, Mary E. [[2000]]. ''The Middle East.'' Greenhaven Press. ISBN 0737701331. {{Ling|Anglice}} ====Encyclopaediae==== *Bearman, P. J., T. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, et W. P. Heinrichs, eds. ''Encyclopaedia of Islam Online.'' Brill Academic Publishers ISSN 1573-3912. * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=John Bowden | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Christianity | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2005 | edition=1st | id=ISBN 0-19-522393-4}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=Erwin Fahlbusch, William Geoffrey Bromiley | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Christianity | publisher=Eerdmans Publishing Company, and Brill| year=2001 | edition=1st| id=ISBN 0-8028-2414-5}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=Lindsay Jones | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Religion | publisher=MacMillan Reference Books | year=2005 | edition=2a | id=ISBN 978-0028657332}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=George Thomas Kurian, Graham T. T. Molitor | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of the Future | publisher=MacMillan Reference Books | year=1995 | id=ISBN 978-0028972053}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=Paul Lagasse, Lora Goldman, Archie Hobson, Susan R. Norton | encyclopedia=The Columbia Encyclopedia | publisher=Gale Group | year=2000 | edition=6th | id=ISBN 978-1593392369}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=Richard C. Martin, Said Amir Arjomand, Marcia Hermansen, Abdulkader Tayob, Rochelle Davis, John Obert Voll | encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World|publisher=MacMillan Reference Books|year=2003|isbn=978-0028656038}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=Jane Dammen McAuliffe | encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an Online | publisher=Brill Academic Publishers}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=William H. McNeill, Jerry H. Bentley, David Christian | encyclopedia=Berkshire Encyclopedia of World History | publisher=Berkshire Publishing Group | year=2005 | id=ISBN 978-0974309101}} *{{Cite encyclopedia|editor=Gabriel Oussani|encyclopedia=Catholic Encyclopedia|year=1910}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica Online|Encyclopaedia Britannica Online]] | publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.}} *{{Cite encyclopedia|editor=Salamone Frank|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Religious Rites, Rituals, and Festivals|publisher=Routledge|edition=1st|year=2004|isbn=9780415941808}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=Peter N. Stearns | edition=6 | year=2000 | encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of World History Online | publisher=Bartleby}} * {{Cite encyclopedia | editor=Josef W. Meri | encyclopedia=Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia | publisher=Routledge | year=2005 | isbn=0415966906}} ==Opera addita== *Arberry, A. J. [[1996]]. ''The Koran Interpreted: A Translation.'' Touchstone. ISBN 9780684825076. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Craig, Edward, ed. [[1998]]. ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy.'' Routledge. ISBN 9780415073103. *Doniger, Wendy. [[1999]]. ''erriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions.'' Merriam-Webster. ISBN 0877790442 *Glasse, Cyril. [[2003]]. ''New Encyclopedia of Islam: A Revised Edition of the Concise Encyclopedia of Islam.'' AltaMira Press. ISSN 9780759101906. *Khan, Muhammad Muhsin, Al-Hilali Khan, et Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din. [[1999]]. ''Noble Quran.'' Dar-us-Salam Publications. ISBN 9789960740799. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Kettani, Houssain. [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a5/IJESD2010.pdf World Muslim Population: 1950–2020.]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *Khanbaghi, A. [[2006]]. ''The Fire, the Star and the Cross: Minority Religions in Medieval and Early Modern Iran.'' IB Tauris. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Kramer, Martin, ed. [[1999]]. ''The Jewish Discovery of Islam: Studies in Honor of Bernard Lewis.'' Syracuse University. ISBN 9789652240408. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Kuban, Dogan. [[1974]]. ''Muslim Religious Architecture.'' Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 9004038132. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Lewis, Bernard. [[1994]]. ''Islam and the West.'' Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195090611. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Lewis, Bernard. [[1996]]. ''Cultures in Conflict: Christians, Muslims, and Jews in the Age of Discovery.'' Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195102833. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Mubarkpuri, Saifur-Rahman. [[2002]]. ''The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Prophet.'' Dar-us-Salam Publications. ISBN 9781591440710. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Najeebabadi, Akbar Shah. [[2001]]. ''History of Islam.'' Dar-us-Salam Publications. ISBN 9781591440345. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Nigosian, S. A. [[2004]]. ''Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices.'' Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253216274. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Rahman, Fazlur. [[1979]]. ''Islam.'' Ed. 2a. Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0226702812. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Tausch, Arno. [[2009]]. ''Muslim Calvinism.'' Amstelodami: Rozenberg Publishers. ISBN 9789051709957. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Tausch, Arno. [[2009]]. ''What 1.3 Billion Muslims Really Think: An Answer to a Recent Gallup Study, Based on the "World Values Survey."'' Novi Eboraci: Nova Science Publishers. ISBN 9781606927311. {{Ling|Anglice}} *Walker, Benjamin. [[1998]]. ''Foundations of Islam: The Making of a World Faith.'' Peter Owen Publishers. ISBN 9780720610383. {{Ling|Anglice}} [[Categoria:Monotheismus]] [[Categoria:Religio Islamica|!]] {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Philosophia}} n766yashl2829zfvrymxvtxvdgjjx49 Ioannes Paulus Sartre 0 8288 3993258 3974978 2026-10-06T20:25:54Z Pippobuono 54500 nexus 3993258 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Jean-Paul Sartre FP.JPG|thumb|Ioannes Paulus Sartre]] [[Fasciculus:Beauvoir Sartre - Che Guevara -1960 - Cuba.jpg|thumb|upright=1.75|[[Simona de Beauvoir]], Ioannes Paulus Sartre, et [[Che Guevara]] in [[Cuba]] anno [[1960]] colloquuntur.]] '''Ioannes Paulus Sartre''' ([[Lingua Francogallica|Francogallice]] ''Jean-Paul Sartre''), [[philosophia|philosophus]] et [[mythistoria]]rum [[scriptor]] Francogallicus, natus est [[Lutetia]]e [[21 Iunii]] [[1905]]; obiit die [[15 Aprilis]] [[1980]]. Ille erat caput scholae philosophicae [[existentialista]]rum [[atheismus|atheistarum]]. Summa suae philosophiae est opus ''Esse et nihil'' ([[Francogallice]] ''L'être et le néant''), sed [[tragoedia]]s et [[historia]]s in [[prosa]] etiam scripsit. Anno [[1945]], libellum ''[[Les Temps Modernes]]'' edidit. Inter suos erant [[Albertus Camus]] et [[Raymondus Aron]], sed propter dissensum inter eos, haec amicitia destructa est, dum Sartre [[Placita Marxiana|Marxismo]] affectus erat et [[communismus|communismum]] Sovieticum aestimavit. Anno [[1960]], opus philosophicum ''Critique de la raison dialectique'' sub specie Marxismi scripsit. Anno [[1964]], Sartre [[Praemium Nobelianum Litteraturae|Nobeliano Litteraturae Praemio]] laudatus est, quod solide reiecit. == Sententia == [[Fabula]]e ''[[Huis clos]]'' ("Ianua clausa") sententia celebris est ''l'enfer, ce sont les autres''-ibi [[infernus|inferna]] ubi [[alteritas|alii]]. Et fabulae ''L'être et le néant'' ("Ens et nihilum") sententia finis est "La vie est la passion inutile." -ibi [[vita]] est [[calamitas]] inutilis. == Opera == *''La Nausée'' ("[[Nausea]]", [[1938]]) *''L'être et le néant'' ("[[Ens]] et [[nihil]]um, contus ad [[phaenomenologia]]e [[ontologia]]e", [[1943]]) *''Huis clos'' ("Ianua clausa", [[1944]]) *''Saint Genet'' ("Sanctus [[Ioannes Genet|Genet]]", [[1952]]) *''L'existentialisme est un humanisme'' ("Exsistentialista est [[humanismus]]", [[1946]]) *''Critique de la raison dialectique'' ("Critica rationis [[dialectica]]e", [[1960]]) == Bibliographia == * Jean-François Sirinelli, ''Deux intellectuels dans le siècle: Sartre et Aron''. Lutetiae: Fayard, 1995. ISBN 2-213-59200-4 == Nexus externi == *[http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/sartre/index.htm De Ioanne Paulo Sartre] apud ''www.marxists.org'' *[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1964/ De Ioanne Paulo Sartre] in pagina Nobeliano Litterarum Praemio dicata {{Ling|Anglice}} {{Exsistentialista}} {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Homines}} {{Lifetime|1905|1980|Sartre, Ioannes Paulus}} [[Categoria:Anarchistae Franciae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Francogallici]] [[Categoria:Exsistentialismus]] [[Categoria:Ontologi]] [[Categoria:Philosophi Franciae]] [[Categoria:Philosophi sexualitatis]] [[Categoria:Praemium Nobelianum Litteraturae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores mythistoriarum Franciae]] [[Categoria:Suasores amoris liberae]] dfv3dv4zb0iy6ojgs61tg8aghc8lmtk 23 Martii 0 9875 3993223 3950134 2026-10-06T16:57:36Z LilyKitty 18316 de Francisco Halzen 3993223 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Calendarium-Martii}} '''23 Martii''' [[dies]] 82ª anni est (83ª [[Annus bisextilis|annorum bisextilium]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 283 dies manent. Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est '''ante diem decimum Kalendas Aprilis''', quod a.d. X Kal. Apr. abbreviatur. [[Fasciculus:Charlemagne autograph.svg|thumb|left|upright=0.37|[[Carolus Magnus|Caroli Magni]] subscriptio]] == Eventa == === Saeculo 8 === * [[789]] - [[Admonitio generalis]] a [[Carolus Magnus|Carolo Magno]] editur. === Saeculo 18 === * [[1775]] - [[Patricius Henry]] orationem contra oppressionem [[colonia]]e [[America]]nae cum verbo "''Give me liberty, or give me death''" habet. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1950]] - [[Organizatio meteorologica mundi]] conditur. * [[1953]] - [[Pakistania]] [[res publica Islamica]] fit. === Saeculo 21 === * [[2001]] - [[Mir]], [[statio spatialis]] Russica abrogatur. == Nati == === Saeculo 15 === * [[1430]] - [[Margarita Andegavensis]], regina [[Anglia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1482]]) === Saeculo 16 === * [[1501]] - [[Petrus Andreas Matthiolus]], [[medicus]] et [[botanista]] [[Italia|Italicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1577]]) === Saeculo 17 === * [[1643]] - [[Maria de León Bello y Delgado]], [[monialis]] [[Ordo Fratrum Praedicatorum|ordinis Fratrum Praedicatorum]] (†&nbsp;[[1731]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1740]] - [[Hieronymus Boschius]], poeta Latinus et vir doctus natione [[Nederlandia|Batavus]] (†&nbsp;[[1811]]) * [[1749]] - [[Petrus Simon de Laplace]], astronomus et mathematicus [[Francia|Francicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1827]]) * [[1799]] - [[Iosue Baker]], gubernator [[Ludoviciana]]e (†&nbsp;[[1885]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1809]] - [[Hippolytus Flandrin]], pictor Francicus (mortuus anno [[1864]]) * [[1823]] - [[Schuyler Colfax]], [[praeses vicarius Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]] (†&nbsp;1885) * [[1854]] - [[Alfredus Milner]], rerum politicorum peritus [[Regnum Unitum|Britannicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1925]]) * [[1856]] - [[Paulus Eugenius Gorge]], [[pictor]] [[Belgia|Belgicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1941]]) * [[1858]] - [[Ludovicus Quidde]], pacifista Germanicus (†&nbsp;1941) * [[1876]] - [[Kodaw Hmaing]], auctor scaenicus et satyricus [[Birmania|Birmanicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1964]]) * [[1881]] ** [[Rogerius Martin du Gard]], [[scriptor]] Francicus (†&nbsp;[[1958]]) ** [[Arminius Staudinger]], chemicus Germanicus, [[Praemium Nobelianum chemiae|praemio Nobeliano chemiae]] affectus (†&nbsp;[[1965]]) * [[1882]] - [[Aemilia Noether]], perita [[mathematica]]e Germanica (†&nbsp;[[1935]]) * [[1900]] - [[Ericus Fromm]], [[Psychologia|animi studiosus]] et [[philosophus]] Germano-[[CFA|Americanus]] (†&nbsp;[[1980]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1905]] ** [[Lale Andersen]], cantrix Germanica (†&nbsp;[[1972]]) ** [[Ioanna Crawford|Joan Crawford]], actrix Americana (†&nbsp; [[1977]]) * [[1907]] - [[Daniel Bovet]], [[pharmacologia|pharmcologus]] Italicus [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae|praemio Nobeliano medicinae et physiologiae]] affectus (†&nbsp;[[1992]]) * [[1910]] - [[Akira Kurosawa]], moderator et productor cinematographicus [[Iaponia|Iaponicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1998]]) * [[1912]] - [[Wernherus von Braun|Wernher de Braun]], [[machinator]] Germano-Americanus (†&nbsp;[[1977]]) * [[1915]] - [[Basilius Zajcev]], sclopetarius [[URSS|Sovieticus]] in [[bellum mundanum secundum|bello mundano secundo]] (mortuus [[1991]]) * [[1918]] - [[Aemilius Zinsou|Aemilius Derlin Henricus Zinsou]], praeses [[Beninum|Benini]] (†&nbsp;[[2016]]) * [[1922]] - [[Hugo Tognazzi]], [[histrio]] et moderator cinematographicus Italicus (†&nbsp;[[1990]]) * [[1937]] - [[Moacyr Scliar]], scriptor [[Brasilia|Brasiliensis]] (†&nbsp;[[2011]]) * [[1942]] - [[Michael Haneke]], moderator cinematographicus [[Austria]]cus * [[1944]] - [[Franciscus Halzen]], physicus [[Belgica|Belgico]]-[[CFA|Americanus]] * [[1945]] - [[Franciscus Battiato]], cantor et musicis eruditus [[Sicilia|Siculus]] (†&nbsp;[[2021]]) * [[1952]] - [[Rex Tillerson]], negotiator et [[Civitatum Foederatarum Secretarius Civitatis]] * 1953 - [[Chaka Khan]], cantrix [[CFA|Americana]] * [[1956]] - [[Andreas Mitchell]], rerum politicarum peritus Britannicus factionis [[Factio Conservativa (Britanniarum Regnum)|Conservativae]] * [[1957]] ** [[Lucius Gutiérrez]], praeses [[Aequatoria]]e ** [[Amanda Plummer]], actrix Americana * [[1958]] - [[Serena Grandi]], [[actrix]] scaenica et [[Index Histrionum mundi cinematographicorum (A-K)|cinematographica]] Italica * 1964 - [[Ioannes Pinette]], histrio ac comoedus Americanus et Civitatum Foederatarum Secretarius Civitatis (†&nbsp;[[2014]]) * [[1970]] - [[Ioannes Infantino]], praeses foederationis [[FIFA]] * [[1976]] - [[Christophorus Hoy]], birotarius [[Scotia|Scoticus]] * [[1978]] - [[Gualterius Samuel]], pedilusor [[Argentina|Argentinus]] * [[1981]] - [[Maximus Choupo-Moting]], pedilusor Germanicus * [[1983]] - [[Mahometus Farah]], athleta [[Somalia|Somalo]]-Britannicus * [[1989]] - [[Maximus Choupo-Moting]], pedilusor [[Cammarunia|Cameronensis]] == Mortui == === Saeculo 16 === * [[1555]] - [[Iulius III]], [[papa]] (natus [[1487]]) * [[1597]] - [[Hermannus de Weinsberg]], [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]] vir publicus (*&nbsp;[[1518]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1794]] - [[Anacharsis Cloots]], vir publicus Francicus inter [[rerum Francicarum eversio]]nem, supplicio afficitur (natus anno [[1755]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1819]] - [[Augustus de Kotzebue]], scriptor Germanicus necatus est (natus anno [[1761]]) * [[1842]] - [[Stendhal]], scriptor Francicus (*&nbsp;[[1783]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1901]] - [[Constantinus Stoilov]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Bulgaria|Bulgaricus]] (*&nbsp;[[1853]]) * [[1935]] - [[Alexander Moissi]], [[theatrum|theatralis]] histrio [[Austria]]cus (*&nbsp;[[1879]]) * [[1940]] - [[Demetrius Stancov]], legatus et rerum politicarum peritus Bulgaricus (*&nbsp;[[1863]]) * [[1955]] - [[Arturus da Silva Bernardes]], praeses Brasiliae (natus anno [[1875]]) * [[1960]] - [[Ludovicus Bergsträsser]], historicus ac vir rerum politicarum peritus Germanicus primo factionis [[DDP]], deinde [[SPD]] (*&nbsp;[[1883]]) * [[1971]] - [[Gerhardus Wolf]], legatus Germaniae, adversarius [[NSDAP|nazistarum]] et inter secundum bellum mundanum consul Germanicus in urbe [[Florentia]]e (natus anno [[1896]]) * [[1977]] - [[Aemilius Biayenda]], [[Respublica Congensis|Reipublicae Congensis]] [[cardinalis]] et ''[[Brazzapolis]]'' (Archidioecesis Brazzapolitanis) [[archiepiscopus]] (natus anno [[1927]]) * [[1981]] - [[Beatrix Tinsley]], astronomiae et cosomologiae perita (*&nbsp;[[1941]]) * [[1992]] - [[Fridericus Hayek]], oeconomista Austriacus (natus anno [[1899]]) * [[1994]] ** [[Iulia Masina]], actrix Italica (nata anno [[1921]]) ** [[Álvarus del Portillo]], episcopus [[Hispania|Hispanicus]] prælatusque [[Opus Dei|Operis Dei]] (natus [[1914]]) === Saeculo 21 === * [[2011]] **[[Ioanna Bartik]], mathematica Americana (*&nbsp;[[1924]]) **[[Elisabetha Taylor]], actrix Anglo-Americana (nata anno [[1932]]) * [[2012]] ** [[Chico Anysio]], actor humoristicus pelliculae et televisoris Brasiliensis (natus anno [[1931]]) ** [[Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed]], vir publicus [[Somalia]]e (natus anno [[1934]]) * [[2014]] - [[Adolphus Suárez]], ministrorum praeses Hispaniae (*&nbsp;1932) * [[2015]] ** [[Lee Kuan Yew]], primus minister [[Singapura]]e (*&nbsp;[[1923]]) ** [[Herbertus Helder]], poeta et scriptor [[Lusitania|Lusitanus]] (*&nbsp;[[1930]]) * 2016 - [[Kennethus Howard]], histrio Americanus (*&nbsp;[[1944]]) * [[2017]] ** [[Sergius Doubrovsky]], scriptor Francicus (*&nbsp;[[1928]]) ** [[Gulielmus Henricus Keeler]], cardinalis Americanus (*&nbsp;1931) * [[2020]] - [[Lucia Bosè]], actrix Italica (*&nbsp;1931) * [[2024]] **[[Nicolaus Manolescu]], litterarum studiosus et politicus [[Romania|Dacoromanus]] (*&nbsp;[[1939]]) **[[Mauritius Pollini]], clavista Italicus (*&nbsp;[[1942]]) == Festa et Feriae == * [[Roma antiqua|Romae]] : Tubilustrium, id est lustratio tubarum antequam exercitus ad bellum duceretur. Nam antiquitus bellum hieme non gerebatur. * Dies [[Pacistania]]e * [[Dies mundialis meteorologiae]] ([[organizatio meteorologica mundi]], [[Nationes Unitae]]) {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] c5gkzd8082ik4d26z514fpzo4xw8hya Martyres Iaponici CCV 0 9928 3993157 3885167 2026-10-06T12:20:56Z Stultule17 215645 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 3993157 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Martyres Iaponici CCV''' fuerunt martyres qui a [[Iaponicus|Iaponicis]] inter annos 1617 atque 1632 occisi sunt. [[Beatificatio]] eorum a [[Pius IX|Pio IX]] anno [[1867]] facta est. == Martyres == === 1617<ref name=":0">''Japonen. beatificationis'' (1866): 1.</ref> === * '''Petrus ab Asunptioni''', [[sacerdos]] Franciscanus Hispanus * '''Ioannes Baptista Machado de Tabora''', sacerdos [[Societas Iesu|Iesuita]] Lusitanus * '''[[Alfonsus de Navarrete]]''', sacerdos Dominicanus Hispanus * '''Ferdinandus de Ayala de Sancto Iosepho''', sacerdos Augustinius Hispanus * '''Leo Tanaca''', catechista Iaponicus (Konoe) * '''Gaspar Ueda Ficoyo''' (''Ueda Hikojirō''), Iaponicus (Nagasacium) * '''Andreas Ioxinda''' (''Yoshida''), Iaponicus (Nagasacium) === 1618<ref name=":0" /> === * '''Ioannes a Sancta Martha''', sacerdos Franciscanus Hispanus * '''Ioannes Martínez a Sancto Dominico''', sacerdos Dominicanus Hispanus === 1619<ref>''Japonen. beatificationis'' (1866): 1-2.</ref> === * '''Leonardus Chimura''' (''Kimura''), [[monachus]] Iesuita Iaponicus (Nagasacium) * '''Andreas Muraiama Tocuan''' (''Murayama Tokuan'') * '''Cosmas Taquea Sozaburo''' (''Takeya Sozaburō'') * '''Ioannes Iosida Xoum''' (''Yoshida Shōun'') * '''Dominicus Georgius''' * '''Bartholomaeus Seki''' * '''Antonius Chimura''' (''Kimura'') * '''Ioannes Iuananga''' (''Iwanaga'') * '''Alexius Nacamura''' (''Nakamura'') * '''Leo Nacanixi''' (''Nakanishi'') * '''Michaël Taxita''' (''Takeshita'') * '''Matthias Cozaca''' (''Kozasa'') * '''Romanus Matevoca Meotaro''' (''Motoyama Myotarō'') * '''Matthias Nacano Iotaro''' (''Nakano'') * '''Ioannes Motayana''' (''Motoyama'') * '''Thomas Cotenda Ceuni''' (''Koteda Kyūmi'') === 1620<ref>''Japonen. beatificationis'' (1866): 2.</ref> === * '''Ambrosius Fernandez''', monachus Iesuita Lusitanus * '''Matthias Arimensis''', catechista * '''Simon Quiota''' '''Bocusaeus''' (''Kyota Bokusai''), catechista Dominicanus * '''Magdalena Quiota''' (''Kyota'') * '''Thomas Goengoro''' (''Gengorō'') * '''Iacobus Goengoro Bunzo''' (''Gengorō'' ''Bunzō'') === 1622<ref>''Japonen. beatificationis'' (1866): 2-4.</ref> === * '''Augustinus Ota''', monachus Iesuita * '''Ludovicus Flórez,''' sacerdos Dominicanus * '''Petrus de Zúñiga''', sacerdos Augustinius * '''Ioachim Díaz Firayama''' (''Hirayama'') * '''Leo Suqueiemon''' (''Sukeemon'') * '''Ioannes Measaci Soyemon''' (''Miyazaki Soemon'') * '''Michaël Díaz''' * '''Marcus Tacenosima Xineyemon''' (''Takenoshita Shin’emon'') * '''Thomas Coyanagui''' (''Koyanagi'') * '''Antonio Iamanda''' (''Hamada'') * '''Iacobus Matuo Denxi''' (''Matsuo Denji'') * '''Laurentius Rocuyemon''' (''Rokuemon'') * '''Paulus Sanquichi''' (''Sankichi'') * '''Ioannes Iago Shoemon''' (''Yagō'') * '''Bartholomaeus Mofioye''' (''Mohyōe'') * '''Ioannes Nangata''' (''Nagata Matashichi'') * '''Franciscus Morales''' * '''Angelus Ferrer Orsuccius''' * '''Alfonsus de Mena''' * '''Iosephus a Sancto Hyacintho Salvanés''' * '''Hyancinthus Orfanel''' * '''Alexius Sanbasi''' (''Sanbashi Saburō'') * '''Thomas a Rosario''', Postulans Dominicanus * '''Dominicus Nagata''' * '''Ricardus a Sancta Anna * '''Petrus de Avila''', sacerdos Franciscanus * '''Vincentius a Sancto Iosepho''', monachus Franciscanus * '''Carolus Spinola''', sacerdos Iesuita * '''Sebastianus Chimura''' (''Kimura'') * '''Gundisalvus Fusaius'''<ref name=":1">''Historiae societatis Jesu'' (1710): 113 [https://www.google.it/books/edition/Historiae_societatis_Jesu_pars_VI_BSB_Cl/klRrlGOZ7L0C?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Acafoxius&pg=RA2-PA113&printsec=frontcover].</ref> (''Fusai Chōzō'') * '''Antonius Kiunius'''<ref name=":1" /> (''Kyūni'') * '''Petrus Sampò''' (''Sanpō'') * '''Michaël Xumpò''' (''Shunpō'') * '''Ioannes Ciungocus'''<ref name=":1" /> (''Chūgoku'') * '''Ioannes Acafoxius'''<ref name=":1" /> (''Akahoshi'') * '''Ludovicus Cavara''' '''Rocuiemonus'''<ref name=":1" /> (''Kawara Rokuemon'') * '''Leo Satsumensis''' (''Satsuma'') * '''Lucia de Freitas''' * '''Antonius Sanga''' * '''Magdalena Sanga''' * '''Antonius Coreanus''' * '''Ioannes Hamanomachi''' * '''Petrus Hamanomachi''' * '''Paulus Naganxi''' (''Nagaishi''), confrater Rosarii * '''Tecla Nagaisi''' (''Nagaishi''), consoror Rosarii * '''Petrus Nagaishi''' (''Nagaishi''), confrater Rosarii * '''Paulus Tanaca''' (''Tanaka''), confrater Rosarii * '''Maria Tanaca''' (''Tanaka''), consoror Rosarii * '''Elisabetha Fernandez''' (''Isabella Fernandes'') * '''Ignatius Giorgi-Fernández''' (''Ignácio Jorge-Fernandes''), confrater Rosarii * '''Apollonia''', consoror Rosarii * '''Dominicus Xamada''' (''Hamada''), confrater Rosarii * '''Clara Xamada''' (''Hamada''), consoror Rosarii * '''Maria Murayama''', consoror Rosarii * '''Agnes Taquea''' (''Takeya''), consoror Rosarii * '''Dominicus Nacano''' (''Nakano''), confrater Rosarii * '''Bartholomaeus Xichiyemon''' (''Kawano Shichiemon''), confrater Rosarii * '''Damianus Iamichi''' (''Tanda Yaichi''), confrater Rosarii * '''Michaël Tanda''', confrater Rosarii * '''Thomas Xiquirò''' (''Shichirō''), confrater Rosarii * '''Rufus Iximola''' (''Ishimoto''), confrater Rosarii * '''Maria Yoshida''', consoror Rosarii * '''Clemens Ono''', confrater Rosarii * '''Antonius Ono''', confrater Rosarii * '''Dominica Ongata''' (''Ogata''), consoror Rosarii * '''Catharina''', consoror Rosarii * '''Maria Tanaura''', consoror Rosarii * '''Gaspar Cotenda''' (''Koteda''), catechista Dominicanus * '''Franciscus Taquea''' (''Takeya'') * '''Petrus Kawano''' * '''Thomas Zumárraga''', sacerdos Dominicanus Hispanus * '''Mancius a Sancto Thoma''' (''Shibata''), Postulans Dominicanus * '''Dominicus''' * '''Apollinaris Franco''', sacerdos Franciscanus Hispanus * '''Franciscus a Sancto Bonaventura''', frater Franciscanus Iaponicus * '''Paulus a Sancta Clara''', frater Franciscanus Iaponicus * '''Camillus Costanzo''', sacerdos Iesuita Italicus * '''Ludovicus Iaquichi''' (''Yakichi''), confrater Rosarii * '''Lucia''', consoror Rosarii * '''Andreas''', confrater Rosarii * '''Franciscus''', confrater Rosarii * '''Petrus Paulus Navarro''', sacerdos Iesuita Italicus * '''Dionisius Fugiscima''' (''Fujishima Jubyōe''), studens Iesuita Iaponicus * '''Petrus Onizuchi''' (''Onizuka Sadayū''), studens Iesuita Iaponicus * '''Clemens Kyūemon''' === 1623 === * '''Franciscus Galvez''', Sacerdos Franciscanus Hispanus * '''Hieronymus de Angelis''', Sacerdos Iesuita Italus * '''Simon Iempo'''<ref>''Litterae Annuae Iaponiae'' (1628): 14 [https://www.google.it/books/edition/Litterae_Annvae_Iaponiae_Anni_M_DC_XXIV/LKk1AAAAcAAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Simon+Iempo+Iaponiae&pg=PA14&printsec=frontcover].</ref> (''Enpō''), Monachus Iesuita === 1624 === * '''Iacobus Carvallus''', Sacerdos Iesuita Lusitanus * '''[[Michaël Carvallus]]''', Sacerdos Iesuita Lusitanus * '''Petrus Vasquez''', Sacerdos Dominicanus Hispanus * '''[[Ludovicus Sotellus]]''', Sacerdos Franciscanus Hispanus * '''Ludovicus Sasada''', Sacerdos Franciscanus Iedoensis * '''Ludovicus Baba''', Sacerdos Franciscanus Iaponicus * '''[[Caius Coreanus]]''', Catechista === 1626<ref>''Japonen. beatificationis'' (1866): 4-5.</ref> === * '''[[Franciscus Pachecus]]''', Sacerdos Iesuita Lusitanus * '''Baltasar de Torres''', Sacerdos Iesuita Hispanus * '''Ioannes Baptista Zola''', Sacerdos Iesuita Italus * '''Petrus Rinxaeus'''<ref name=":4">''Paciecidos Libri Duodecim'' (1887): 19 [https://www.google.it/books/edition/Paciecide/W98MAAAAYAAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=paciecide+Xinsuquius&pg=PA19&printsec=frontcover].</ref> (''Rinsei''), Studians Iesuita * '''Vincentius Caunus'''<ref name=":4" /> (''Kaǔn''), Studians Iesuita * '''Ioannes Quisacus'''<ref name=":4" /> (''Kisaku''), Studians Iesuita * '''Paulus Xinsuquius'''<ref name=":4" /> (''Shinsuke'') Studians Iesuita * '''Gaspar Sadamathaeus'''<ref name=":4" /> (''Sadamatsu''), Religiosus Iesuita * '''Michaël Tosso''' (''Tōzō''), Studians Iesuita * '''Mancius Arachi Hirozaemon''' (''Araki'') * '''Mathias Arachi Kizaemon''' (''Araki'') * '''Petrus Arachi Chobioye''' (''Araki Chobyōe'') * '''Susanna Dozai''' * '''Ioannes Tanaca Chino''' (''Tanaka'') * '''Catharina Dozai''' * '''Ioannes Onizuca Naiysen''' (''Onizuka Naizen'') * '''Monica Onizuca''' (''Onizuka'') * '''Ludovicus Onizuca''' (''Onizuka'') === 1627<ref>''Japonen. beatificationis'' (1866): 5-6.</ref> === * '''Ludovicus Bertrandus''', sacerdos Dominicanus Hispanicus * '''Mancius a Sancta Cruce''', Dominicanus Iaponicus * '''Petrus a Sancta Maria''', Dominicanus Iaponicus * '''Franciscus Curobioye''' (''Kurobyōe'') * '''Caius Iemon''' (''Akashi Jiemon'') * '''Magdalena Kyota''' (''Kiyota'') * '''Francisca Pinzokere''' * '''Franciscus a Sancta Maria''', sacerdos Franciscanus Hispanicus * '''Bartolomaeus Laurel''', Franciscanus Mexicanus * '''Antonius a San Francisco''', Franciscanus Iaponicus * '''Gaspar Vas''' (''Tsūji Shōbyōe'') * '''Thomas Vò''' (''Ou Shin'emon'') * '''Franciscus Cufioye''' (''Kuhyōe'') * '''Lucas Kyemon''' (''Kyūemon'') * '''Michaël Chizayemon''' (''Koga Kizaemon'') * '''Ludovicus Matzuo''' (''Matsuo Soemon'') * '''Martinus Gómez''' * '''Maria''' * '''Thomas Tzugi''' (''Tsūji'') * '''Aloisius Maki''' * '''Ioannes Maki''' === 1628<ref>''Japonen. beatificationis'' (1866): 6.</ref> === * '''Dominicus Castellet''', sacerdos Dominicanus Hispanicus * '''Thomas a Sancto Hyacintho''', Dominicanus Iaponicus * '''Antonio a Sancto Dominico''', Dominicanus Iaponicus * '''Antonio a Sancto Bonaventura''', Franciscanus Hispanicus * '''Dominicus a Nangasachi''', Franciscanus Iaponicus * '''Ioannes Tomachi''' (''Tomaki'') * '''Dominicus Tomachi''' (''Tomaki'') * '''Michaël Tomachi''' (''Tomaki'') * '''Thomas Tomachi''' (''Tomaki'') * '''Paulus Tomachi''' (''Tomaki'') * '''Ioannes Imamura''' * '''Paulus Aibara''' ''(Aibara Sandayū'') * '''Romanus Aibara''' * '''Leo Aibara''' * '''Iacobus Fayaxida''' (''Hayashida'') * '''Matthaeus Alvarez''' (''Anjin'') * '''Michaël Jamada''' (''Yamada'') * '''Laurentius Jamada''' (''Yamada'') * '''Ludovicus Nifachi''' (''Nihachi'') * '''Franciscus Nifachi''' (''Nihachi'') * '''Dominicus Nihachi''' (''Nihachi'') * '''Lucia''' * '''Michaël Fimonoya''' (''Himonoya'') * '''Paulus Fimonoya''' (''Himonoya'') * '''Dominicus Xobioie''' (''Shobyōe'') * '''Michaël Nacaxima''' (''Nakashima Saburōemon''), Iesuita Iaponicus === 1630<ref name=":3">''Narratio persecutionis adversus Christianos'' (1635): 82 [https://www.google.it/books/edition/Narratio_persecutionis_adversus_christia/X2Y1w1bbifMC?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Thomas+Cafioius&pg=PA82&printsec=frontcover].</ref> === * '''Ioannes Matutake Chizoburus''' (''Shōzaburō'') * '''Mancius Ichizeiemon''' (''Ichizaemon'') * '''Michaël Chinoxi Taiemon''' (''Kiuchi Taemon'') * '''Laurentius Fachizus''' (''Kaida Hachizō'') * '''Petrus Cufioius''' (''Sawaguchi Kuhyōe'') * '''Thomas Teraius Cafioius''' (''Terai Kahyōe'') === 1632<ref name=":2">''Japonen. beatificationis'' (1866): 7.</ref> === * '''Bartolomaeus Gutiérrez''', sacerdos Augustinius Mexicanus * '''Vincentius Carvallo''', sacerdos Augustinius Lusitanus * '''Franciscus de Jesu''', sacerdos Augustinius Hispanicus * '''Antonio Pinto Ixida''' (''Ishida Kyūtaku''), sacerdos Iesuita Iaponicus * '''Hieronyus Iyo''', sacerdos Franciscanus Iaponicus * '''Gabriel de Sancta Magdalena''', Franciscanus Hispanicus == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * ''[https://www.google.it/books/edition/Litterae_Annvae_Iaponiae_Anni_M_DC_XXIV/LKk1AAAAcAAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1 Litterae Annuae Iaponiae Anni M.DC.XXIV. Datae Ad Admodum R. P. Mutium Vitelleschi Societatis Iesu Praepositum Generalem. Ex Italico In Latinum Translatae, Nunc Primum In Lucem Edita]'', Dilingae 1628. * Christophorus Ferreira, Mutius Vitellescus, ''[https://www.google.it/books/edition/Narratio_persecutionis_adversus_christia/X2Y1w1bbifMC?hl=it&gbpv=1&dq=Narratio+persecVtionis+adversus+christianos&pg=PA48&printsec=frontcover Narratio persecutionis adversus christianos excitatae in variis Japoniae regnis ann. MDCXXVIII, MDCXXIX, MDCXXX]'', Antverpiae 1635. * Philippus Alegambe, Ioannes Nadasi, ''[https://www.google.it/books/edition/Mortes_Illvstres_Et_Gesta_Eorvm_De_Socie/eTplAAAAcAAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1 Mortes illustres et gesta eorum de Societate Iesu]'', Romae 1657. * Iosephus de Jouvency, ''[https://www.google.it/books/edition/Historiae_societatis_Jesu_pars_VI_BSB_Cl/klRrlGOZ7L0C?hl=it&gbpv=1 Historiae societatis Jesu pars VI]'', 1710. * [https://www.google.it/books/edition/Japonen_beatificationis_seu_declarationi/VK5cAAAAcAAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1 ''Japonen. beatificationis seu declarationis martyrii ac miraculorum vel signorum ven. servorum Dei Alphonsi Navarrete ... Petri de Avila ... Petri de Zuniga ... Caroli Spinulae ... Ioachimi Firayama seu Diaz, Luciae Fleites et sociorum''...], 1866. * ''[https://www.google.it/books/edition/Catalogo_e_brevi_memorie_dei_ducento_e_c/GWCrDwnu6LkC?hl=it&gbpv=1 Catalogo e brevi memorie dei ducento e cinque beati martiri nel Giappone]'', Romae 1867. {{Ling|Italice}} * Pius Thomas Masetti, ''[https://www.google.it/books/edition/I_martiri_dell_Ordine_de_Predicatori/LmkwAQAAMAAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1 I martiri dell'Ordine de' Predicatori che tra i CCV uccisi per la fede nel Giappone furono ascritti al catalogo de' beati dal regnante Sommo Pontefice Pio IX: commentario storico compilato sopra autentici documenti]'', Romae 1868. {{Ling|Italice}} * Bartholomaeus Pereira, ''[https://www.google.it/books/edition/Paciecide/W98MAAAAYAAJ?hl=it&gbpv=1 Paciecidos Libri Duodecim]'', Lutetiae 1887. {{NexInt}} * [[Martyres Iaponici XXVI]] * [[Martyres Iaponici XVI]] {{Nexus desiderati}} [[Categoria:Persecutio religiosa]] [[Categoria:Beatificatio]] [[Categoria:Martyres Iaponiae enumerati|205]] ph1zwha8p5zuvcumlewxgdwa26yofbd The Beatles 0 10738 3993218 3978084 2026-10-06T16:30:11Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20261006)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3993218 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-2}} [[Fasciculus:The Beatles members at New York City in 1964.jpg|thumb|''The Beatles'' [[annus|anno]] [[1964]].]] '''The Beatles''' ('Beatuli'<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kV5fRhwN9jw "'Heri' (Beatuli)"] apud [[YouTube]].</ref>) fuerunt [[grex musicus|grex]] [[musica rock|rocicus]] [[Anglia|Anglicus]], qui [[carmen|carmina]] populo grata [[compositio musica|composuit]] et cecinit, [[Liverpolium|Liverpolii]] anno [[1960]] conditus, anno [[1970]] tandem dissolutus est. Principales sodales fuerunt [[Ioannes Lennon]], [[Paulus McCartney]], [[Georgius Harrison]], et [[Ringo Starr]]. Etiam nunc, duobus sodalibus iam mortuis, eorum [[musica]] permultis gratissima manet. In [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannia]], plus quam quadraginta singula carmina in maximis locis famae adposuerunt. Potentia sua, carmina componentes, in tredecim discis ostenditur, quos ei septem annos tantum venumdederunt, nimis igitur ingenii et numerorum{{dubsig}} habentes. In primis, The Beatles apud Cavern Club, paulo [[theatrum|theatro]] Liverpolitano, canebant; haud dubie laudata eorum facultas ad augendas turbas amantium eorum musicae. Sexagesimis annis, musicae popularis auditione crescente, iis [[carmen|carminibus]] bonus exitus fuit, musicae mercatus expansionis causa. == ''Beatlemania'' == Sic appellatur euphoria suscitata a puellis circum The Beatles annis ab [[1963]] ad [[1965]]. Primo anno beatlemaniae carmina "Please Please Me" et "From Me To You" et "She Loves You", positiones{{dubsig}} honorificas accesserunt. == Socii == *[[Ioannes Lennon]] - [[vox]], [[cithara electrica]], [[clavile]] (1960–1970) *[[Paulus McCartney]] - vox, [[cithara gravis]], clavile, cithara electrica (1960–1970) *[[Georgius Harrison]] - vox, cithara electrica (1960–1970) *Ricardus Starkey vel potius [[Ringo Starr]] - [[Apparatus tympanorum|tympana]], vox (1962–1970) *Petrus Best - tympana, vox (1960–1962) *Stuartus Sutcliffe - cithara gravis, vox (1960–1961) == Discographia == * [[1963]] - ''[[Please Please Me]]'' ('Si placet, mihi place') * [[1963]] - ''[[With The Beatles]]'' ('Cum Beatles') * [[1964]] - ''[[A Hard Days Night]]'' ('Nox diei duri') * [[1964]] - ''[[Beatles for Sale]]'' ('Beatles venum dati') * [[1965]] - ''[[Help!]]'' ('Adiuva!') * [[1965]] - ''[[Rubber Soul]]'' ('Anima cummea') * [[1966]] - ''[[Revolver]]'' ('Rotator') * [[1967]] - ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'' ('Grex sodalicius cordum solitariorum principalis Piperis') * [[1967]] - ''[[Magical Mystery Tour]]'' ('Iter mysterii magici') * [[1968]] - ''[[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]'' (vulgo ''The White Album'' atque adeo ''Album Album'') * [[1969]] - ''[[Yellow Submarine]]'' ('Navis Submarina Flava') * [[1969]] - ''[[Abbey Road]]'' ('Via Abbatiae') * [[1970]] - ''[[Let It Be]]'' ('Fiat') == Carmina celeberrima == {{div col|2}} * [[1964]] - ''She Loves You'' ('Illa te amat') *[[1964]] - ''I Want to Hold Your Hand'' ('Manum Tuam Tenere Cupio') *[[1964]] - ''Can't Buy Me Love'' ('Amorem Mihi Emere Non Possum') * [[1964]] - ''A Hard Day's Night'' ('Nox Diei Duri') *[[1964]] - ''I Feel Fine'' ('Valeo') * [[1965]] - ''Help!'' ('Adiuva!') * [[1965]] - ''Yesterday'' ('Heri') *[[1965]] - ''We Can Work It Out'' ('Efficere possumus') * [[1965]] - ''Girl'' ('Puella') * [[1966]] - ''Taxman'' ('Publicanus') *[[1966]] - ''Yellow Submarine'' ('Navis Submarina Flava') *[[1966]] - ''Paperback Writer'' ('Libelli Scriptor') * [[1967]] - ''Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds'' ('Lucia in Caelo cum Adamantibus') * [[1967]] - ''I Am the Walrus'' ('Odobenus Sum') * [[1967]] - ''A Day in the Life'' ('Dies In Vita') *[[1967]] - ''All You Need Is Love'' ('Omnia, quibus opus, amor est') *[[1967]] - ''Hello Goodbye'' ('Salve, vale') * [[1968]] - [[Hey Jude|''Hey Jude'']] ('Ohe, Iudas') *[[1969]] - ''Get Back'' ('Redi') * [[1969]] - ''Come Together'' ('Convenite') * [[1969]] - ''Oh! Darling'' ('O! Ocelle') * [[1969]] - ''Something'' ('Aliquid') * [[1970]] - ''Let It Be'' ('Fiat') * [[1970]] - ''Across the Universe'' ('Per Universum') {{div col end}} == Pelliculae == * [[1964]] - ''[[A Hard Day's Night]]'' ('Nox Diei Durae') * [[1965]] - ''[[Help!]]'' ('Adiuva!') * [[1969]] - ''[[Yellow Submarine (pellicula)|Yellow Submarine]]'' ('Navis Submarina Flava') * [[1967]] - ''Magical Mystery Tour'' ('Iter Mysterii Magici') * [[1970]] - ''Let it Be'' ('Fiat') == Notae== <references/> == Bibliographia == {{div col|2}} * {{cite book |last=Austerlitz |first=Saul |year=[[2007]] |title=Money for Nothing: A History of the Music Video, from The Beatles to The White Stripes |publisher=University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor |isbn=978-0-7119-7520-0}}. * {{cite book |last=Badman |first=Keith |year=1999 |edition=[[2001]] |title=The Beatles After the Breakup 1970–2000: A Day-by-Day Diary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wTZRwz8N9jIC&pg=PP1 |publisher=Omnibus |location=Londinii |isbn=978-0-7119-8307-6 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |author=The Beatles |year=[[2000]] |title=The Beatles Anthology |publisher=Chronicle Books |location=San Francisco |isbn=978-0-8118-2684-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HWuQu8EMDKcC |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Benson |first=Bruce Ellis |year=[[2003]] |title=The Improvisation of Musical Dialogue: A Phenomenology of Music |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qJ1Q7ZeRr5EC&pg=PP1 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cantabrigiae et Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-521-00932-4 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Boyd |first=Pattie |date=[[2008]] |author-link= |title=Wonderful Tonight: George Harrison, Eric Clapton, and Me |url=https://archive.org/details/wonderfultonight00boyd_0 |publisher=Three Rivers Press |isbn=978-0-307-40783-2 }}. * [[Petrus Brown|Brown, Peter]], et Steven Gaines.. [[2002]]. ''The Love You Make: An Insider's Story of The Beatles.'' Novi Eboraci: New American Library. ISBN 978-0-451-20735-7. * {{cite book |last=Campbell |first=Michael |year=[[2008]] |title=Popular Music in America: The Beat Goes On |publisher=Wadsworth |location=East Windsor Connecticutae |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nIZSM3zxNUEC |isbn=978-0-495-50530-3 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Davies |first=Hunter |year=[[1968]] |title=The Beatles |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WpsszVLFsMEC&pg=PP1 |edition=Revised [[2009]] |location=Novi Eboraci et Londinii |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |author-link= |isbn=978-0-393-33874-4 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Doggett |first=Peter |year=[[2009]] |title=You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=luOMJFxe-bYC |edition=1st US hardcover |location=Novi Eboraci |publisher=Harper |isbn=978-0-06-177446-1 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * Doggett, Peter. [[2011]]. ''You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles after the Breakup.'' Novi Eboraci: It Books. ISBN 978-0-06-177418-8. * {{cite book |last1=Emerick |first1=Geoff |year=[[2006]] |author-link= |last2=Massey |first2=Howard |title=Here, There and Everywhere: My Life Recording the Music of The Beatles |url=https://archive.org/details/herethereeverywh0000emer |location=Novi Eboraci |publisher=Gotham Books |isbn=978-1-59240-179-6}}. * {{cite book |last=Everett |first=Walter |year=[[1999]] |title=The Beatles as Musicians: Revolver through the Anthology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTkHAldi4bEC&pg=PP1 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxoniae et Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-19-512941-0 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Everett |first=Walter |year=[[2001]] |title=The Beatles As Musicians: The Quarry Men through Rubber Soul |url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesasmusicia00ever |url-access=registration |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxoniae et Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-19-514105-4 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Fisher |first=Marc |year=[[2007]] |title=Something in the Air |url=https://archive.org/details/somethinginairra00fish |url-access=registration |publisher=Random House |location=Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-375-50907-0 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last = Frontani |first = Michael R.|year =[[2007]] |title =The Beatles: Image and the Media |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QHtMYEl4QxsC&pg=PP1 |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |isbn= 978-1-57806-965-1 |access-date= 31 Martii 2014}}.<!-- * {{Gilliland |show=27 |title=The British Are Coming! The British Are Coming!: The U.S.A. is invaded by a wave of long-haired English rockers}}--> * {{cite book |last=Goodman |first=Fred |location=Bostoniae et Novi Eboraci |year=[[2015]] |title=Allen Klein: The Man Who Bailed Out the Beatles, Made the Stones, and Transformed Rock & Roll |url=https://archive.org/details/allenkleinmanwho0000good |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |isbn=978-0-547-89686-1}}. * {{cite book |last=Gould |first=Jonathan |year=[[2007]] |title=Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain and America |url=https://archive.org/details/cantbuymelovebea0000goul_h8o2 |publisher=Three Rivers Press |location=Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-307-35338-2}}. * {{cite book |last=Granata |first=Charles L. |title=I Just Wasn't Made for These Times: Brian Wilson and the Making of the Beach Boys' Pet Sounds |date=[[2003]] |publisher=Unanimous |location=Londinii |isbn=978-1-55652-507-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/wouldntitbenice00char }}. * {{cite book|last=Greene|first=Doyle|year=[[2016]]|title=Rock, Counterculture and the Avant-Garde, 1966–1970: How the Beatles, Frank Zappa and the Velvet Underground Defined an Era|publisher=McFarland|location=Jefferson Carolinae Septentrionalis |isbn=978-1-4766-6214-5}}. * {{cite book |last=Harris |first=Jonathan |year=[[2005]] |chapter=Introduction: Abstraction and Empathy – Psychedelic Distortion and the Meaning of the 1960s |editor-last=Grunenberg |editor-first=Christoph, and Jonathan Harris|title=Summer of Love: Psychedelic Art, Social Crisis and Counterculture in the 1960s |publisher=Liverpool University Press |location=Liverpolii |isbn=978-0-85323-919-2}}. * {{cite book |last=Harry |first=Bill |year=[[2000]]a |author-link= |title=The Beatles Encyclopedia: Revised and Updated |url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesencyclope0000bill |publisher=Virgin Books |location=Londinii |isbn=978-0-7535-0481-9}}. * {{cite book |last=Harry |first=Bill |year=[[2000]]b |title=The John Lennon Encyclopedia |url=https://archive.org/details/johnlennonencycl0000harr |publisher=Virgin |location=Londinii |isbn=978-0-7535-0404-8}}. * {{cite book |last=Harry |first=Bill |year=[[2002]] |title=The Paul McCartney Encyclopedia |url=https://archive.org/details/paulmccartneyenc0000harr |publisher=Virgin |location=London |isbn=978-0-7535-0716-2}}. * {{cite book |last=Harry |first=Bill |year=[[2003]] |title=The George Harrison Encyclopedia |url=https://archive.org/details/georgeharrisonen0000bill |publisher=Virgin |location=London |isbn=978-0-7535-0822-0}}. * {{cite book |first=Nick|last=Hasted|title=You Really Got Me: The Story of The Kinks|publisher=Omnibus Press|year=[[2017]] |isbn=978-1-7855-8851-8}}. * {{cite book |last=Hertsgaard |first=Mark |author-link= |year=[[1995]] |chapter=We All Want to Change the World: Drugs, Politics, and Spirituality |title=A Day in the Life: The Music and Artistry of the Beatles |chapter-url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/67755284/We-All-Want-to-Change-the-World-Drugs-Politics-and-Spirituality |publisher=Dell Publishing / Delacorte Press |location=Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-385-31517-3 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * Ingham, Chris. [[2006]]. ''The Rough Guide to The Beatles.'' Londinii: Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-84353-720-5. * {{cite book |last=Inglis |first=Ian |year=[[2008]] |chapter=Cover Story: Magic, Myth and Music |title=Sgt. Pepper and the Beatles: It Was Forty Years Ago Today |url=https://archive.org/details/sgtpepperbeatles0000unse |editor-last=Julien |editor-first=Olivier |location=Aldershot in Anglia et Burlington in Monte Viride |publisher=Ashgate Publishing |isbn=978-0-7546-6249-5}}. * {{cite book|last=Larkin|first=Colin|year=[[2006]]|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Novi Eboraci |title=Encyclopedia of Popular Music |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofpo0007unse_i0g6| isbn=978-0-19-531373-4}}. * {{cite book |last=Lavezzoli |first=Peter |year=[[2006]] |title=The Dawn of Indian Music in the West: Bhairavi |location=Novi Eboraci et Londinii |publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-8264-1815-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OSZKCXtx-wEC |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * Lewisohn, Mark. [[1988]]. ''The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions .'' Novi Eboraci: Harmony. ISBN 978-0-517-57066-1. * Lewisohn, Mark. [[2013]]. ''All These Years.'' Vol. 1: ''Tune In.'' Londinii: Little, Brown. * {{cite book |last=Lewisohn |first=Mark |year=[[1992]] |edition=[[2010]] |location=Sicagi |title=The Complete Beatles Chronicle:The Definitive Day-By-Day Guide To the Beatles' Entire Career |publisher=Chicago Review Press |isbn=978-1-56976-534-0 }}. * {{cite book|last=Lewisohn |first=Mark |author-link= |title=The Beatles – All These Years, Volume One: Tune In |url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesallthesey0000lewi |publisher=Crown Archetype |year=[[2013]] |isbn=978-1-4000-8305-3 }}. * {{cite book |last=MacDonald |first=Ian |year=[[2005]] |author-link= |title=Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties |edition=secunda |publisher=Pimlico |location=Londinii |isbn=978-1-84413-828-9}}. * [[Georgius Martin|Martin, George]]. [[1979]]. ''All You Need Is Ears.'' Novi Eboraci: St. Marten's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-11482-4. [https://books.google.com/books?id=4Yoio9MewhcC Google Books.]. * {{cite book |last=McNeil |first=Alex |year=[[1996]] |title=Total Television: The Comprehensive Guide to Programming From 1948 to the Present |url=https://archive.org/details/totaltelevisionc0000mcne |location=Novi Eboraci |publisher=Penguin Books |edition=quarta |isbn=978-0-14-024916-3}}. * {{cite book |last=Miles |first=Barry |year=[[1997]] |author-link= |title=Paul McCartney: Many Years from Now |url=https://archive.org/details/paulmccartneyman00mile |publisher=Henry Holt and Company |location=Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-8050-5249-7|title-link= }}. * {{cite book |last=Miles |first=Barry |year=[[1998]] |title=The Beatles: A Diary – An Intimate Day by Day History |url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesdiary0000mile |location=Londinii |publisher=Omnibus |isbn=978-0-7119-9196-5}}. * {{cite book |last=Miles |first=Barry |title=The Beatles Diary Volume 1: The Beatles Years |url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesdiaryvolu0000mile |publisher=Omnibus Press |location=Londinii |year=[[2001]] |isbn=978-0-7119-8308-3}}. * {{cite book|last=Neaverson|first=Bob|title=The Beatles Movies|publisher=Cassell|location=Londinii|year=[[1997]]| isbn=978-0-304-33796-5|url=http://www.beatlesmovies.co.uk/magical-mystery-tour/background.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091002072940/http://www.beatlesmovies.co.uk/magical-mystery-tour/background.asp |archive-date=2 Octobris 2009|via=beatlesmovies.co.uk (chapter: "Magical Mystery Tour Part 1 – Background and Production")}}. * {{cite book |last=Norman |first=Philip |author-link= |title=Shout!: The Beatles in Their Generation |location=Novi Eboraci |publisher=Fireside |year=[[1996]] |isbn=978-0-684-43254-0}}. * {{cite book |last=Norman |first=Philip |title=John Lennon: The Life |location=Novi Eboraci |publisher=Ecco/HarperCollins |year=[[2008]] |isbn=978-0-06-075401-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/johnlennonlife00norm_0 }}. * {{cite book|last1=Pang|first1=May|title=Instamatic Karma: Photographs of John Lennon|date=[[2008]]|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-1-4299-9397-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YLCmcCgjvfYC&q=in+the+unlikely+backdrop+of+the+Polynesian+Village+Hotel+at+Disney+World%2C+ended+the+greatest+rock+%27n%27+roll+band+in+history&pg=PT118|access-date=7 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111145120/https://books.google.cl/books?id=YLCmcCgjvfYC&pg=PT118#v=onepage&q=in%20the%20unlikely%20backdrop%20of%20the%20Polynesian%20Village%20Hotel%20at%20Disney%20World%2C%20ended%20the%20greatest%20rock%20'n'%20roll%20band%20in%20history|archive-date=11 Ianuarii 2016|url-status=live}}. * {{cite book |last=Pedler |first=Dominic |year=[[2003]] |title=The Songwriting Secrets of The Beatles |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fts1uK4ceJ8C&pg=PP1 |publisher=Omnibus |location=London |isbn=978-0-7119-8167-6 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Robert |year=[[2010]] |title=Fab Four FAQ 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years, 1970–1980 |url=https://archive.org/details/fabfourfaq20beat0000rodr |location=Novi Eboraci |publisher=Backbeat |isbn=978-0-87930-968-8}}. * {{cite book |last=Sandford |first=Christopher |author-link= |year=[[2006]] |title=McCartney |location=New York |publisher=Carroll & Graf Publishers] |isbn=978-0-7867-1614-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/mccartney00sand }}. * {{cite book|last=Schaffner|first=Nicholas|author-link= |title=The Beatles Forever|publisher=McGraw-Hill|location=Novi Eboraci|year=[[1978]] |isbn=978-0-07-055087-2|url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesforever00scha}}. * {{cite book |last1=Schinder |first1=Scott |year=[[2007]] |last2=Schwartz |first2=Andy |title=Icons of Rock: An Encyclopedia of the Legends Who Changed Music Forever |url=https://archive.org/details/iconsofrockencyc0000schi_e6l0 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |location=Westport Connecticutae |isbn=978-0-313-33845-8}}. * {{cite book |last1=Southall |first1=Brian |first2=Rupert |last2=Perry |year=[[2006]] |title=Northern Songs: The True Story of the Beatles Song Publishing Empire |publisher=Omnibus |location=Londinii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HWSRvGfa3-sC |isbn=978-1-84609-237-4 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Sheff |first=David |editor-last=Golson |editor-first=G. Barry |publisher=Playboy |year=[[1981]] |title=The Playboy Interviews with John Lennon and Yoko Ono |isbn=978-0-87223-705-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/playboyinterview00lenn_0 }}. * {{cite book |last=Spitz |first=Bob |year=[[2005]] |author-link= |title=The Beatles: The Biography |url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesbiography00spitz |publisher=[[Little, Brown and Company|Little, Brown]] |location=Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-316-80352-6|title-link=}}. * {{cite book |last=Spizer |first=Bruce |year=[[2004]] |title=The Beatles Are Coming! The Birth of Beatlemania in America |url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesarecoming0000spiz |publisher=498 Productions |location=Novae Aurelianae |isbn=978-0-9662649-9-9}}.. * {{cite book |last=Strong |first=Martin |year=[[2004]] |title=The Great Rock Discography |publisher=Canongate Books |location=Edimburgi et Novi Eboraci |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_WoRAPJQ58sC |isbn=978-1-84195-615-2 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book|last=Turner|first=Steve|author-link= |title=Beatles '66: The Revolutionary Year|url=https://archive.org/details/beatles66revolut0000turn|year=[[2016]] |publisher=Ecco|location=Npvo Eboraci |isbn=978-0-06-247558-9}}. * {{cite book |last=Winn |first=John C. |year=[[2008]] |title=Way Beyond Compare: The Beatles' Recorded Legacy, Volume One, 1957–1965 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UwvYhxcBr5oC |publisher=Three Rivers Press |location=Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-307-45157-6 |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Winn |first=John C. |year=[[2009]] |title=That Magic Feeling: The Beatles' Recorded Legacy, Volume Two, 1966–1970 |publisher=Three Rivers Press |location=Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-307-45239-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LdsMqbAQJWgC |access-date=31 Martii 2014}}. * {{cite book |last=Womack |first=Kenneth |year=[[2007]] |title=Long and Winding Roads: The Evolving Artistry of the Beatles |url=https://archive.org/details/longwindingroads0000woma |publisher=Continuum |location=Londinii et Novi Eboraci |isbn=978-0-8264-1746-6}}. {{div col end}} ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|The Beatles}} {{Grc|Βήτλς}} * [http://www.beatles.com/ Situs interretialis gregis proprius.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110827003657/http://wiki.creativecommons.org/The_scientific_and_cultural_Center_of_art_The_Beatles Creative Commons:The Beatles] - video/audio. [[Categoria:The Beatles|!]] [[Categoria:Compositio musica]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1962]] [[Categoria:Contracultura annorum 1960]] [[Categoria:Greges musicae rock]] {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Homines}} 21xe2xppoj1kpmff7kdo72emk2hjzyl Tibiae 0 11111 3993194 3882188 2026-10-06T14:42:32Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Tibia}} [[Fasciculus:Satyr playing flute Louvre MR187.jpg|thumb|Iuvenis satyrus cum tibia e [[Museum Lupariense|Museo Lupariensi]] [[Lutetia]]e.]] [[Fasciculus:Tibicen 1.1 - Anthony Rich, Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary, and Greek Lexicon, p. 664.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|left|[[Tibicen]].]] [[Fasciculus:Tibicina 1.1 - Anthony Rich, Illustrated Companion to the Latin Dictionary, and Greek Lexicon, p. 665.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|left|[[Tibicina]].]] '''Tibiae''' apud antiquos dicebantur [[instrumentum musicum]] [[aërophonum]] ([[Graece]] ''aulos'') [[duo|duabus]] [[tibia (instrumentum musicum)|tibiis]] constructum. Constabant ex duabus fistulis [[aer]]eis et una aut duabus [[harundo|harundinibus]] ad sonum faciendum. Etiamsi [[Latine]] ''tibia'' est saepe Anglice conversum ''flute'' aut [[Germanice]] ''Flöte'', sonus similior fuit fistuli ([[Anglice]] ''oboe'' vel ''clarinet'' et [[Theodisce]] "Schalmei"). == De origine == Conditor artis tibiarum fuit [[Marsyas]], ut sapientes Graecorum dixerunt, [[Silenus|silenus]] qui [[Apollo|Apollinem]] ad musicum certamen poposcit et, postquam in certamine defecit, ab Apolline cultro pelle sua detractus est. Sed [[Olympus (Graecus musicus)|Olympus]], [[Phrygia|Phryx]] eruditus a Marsya, melius fecit; ac Olympi carmina adhuc in diebus [[Aristoteles|Aristotelis]] cantabantur<ref>''[[Politica (Aristoteles)|Politica]]'' VIII.5.16.</ref>. Ipsum instrumentum vero ab [[Athena]] dea inventum esse dicebatur quae postea illud reiecit quia vultum turpiter deformabat. Quod idem obiciebat [[Alcibiades]]<ref>[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Alcibiadis (Plutarchus)|Vita Alcibiadis]]'' 2.5-7. [[Plato]], ''[[Alcibiades primus|Alcibiades maior]]'' 106e.</ref> et de facto hoc instrumentum in [[Asia Minor|Asia]] ortum quinto saeculo a.C.n. quidem in Graecia floruit adeo ut pueri aulum in schola discere solerent sed quarto iam minus placebat et praecipue a musicae artificibus iam adhibebatur<ref>[[Aristoteles]], ''Pol.'' VIII.6.12-14.</ref>. Quin etiam [[Socrates]] hoc instrumentum tamquam lascivius e republica ideali expellebat<ref>[[Plato]], ''[[Politia (Plato)|Politia]]'' 399d-e.</ref>. == De usu antiquo == Ars per tibiam ''aulesis'', ars cum tibia canendi ''aulodia'' Graece nominantur. Conditor aulodiae erat [[Sacadas]] vel [[Ardalus]], viri antiqui in media [[Graecia]] viventes. Genus clarissimum auleseos erat ille ''Pythikos nomos'', organicum sine voce carmen de Apolline Pythonem Delphis mactante. Fama est antiquis temporibus poesim [[elegia]]m fuisse cantata ad tibiam, et poetas elegiacos fuisse atque tibicines, vero enim et [[Mimnermus|Mimnernum]] esse tibicinem et amatorem [[tibicina]]rum. [[Roma]]e, tibia sonata{{dubsig}} sunt in sacris faciendis, atque in [[theatrum|theatro]], ac a puellis in convivio. Princeps organorum in sacris Bacchi et Phrygiae matris erat tibia, more irato lascivove. Ob hanc rem, et propter obstruxit ea vocem viri sonantis, Aristoteles Platoque conscripserint tibiam in re publica philosophorum. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes == * [[Aristoteles]], ''[[Politica (Aristoteles)|Politica]]'' VIII.6.9-14 et 7.9-11 {{NexInt}} * [[Ocarina]] == Bibliographia == * Howard, Albert A. (1893). "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/310399 The Αὐλός or Tibia]". Harvard Studies in Classical Philology. Department of the Classics, Harvard University. 4: 1–60 == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Auloi|Tibias}} [[Categoria:Bacchus]] [[Categoria:Theatrum Graecum antiquum]] [[Categoria:Tibiae|!]] cfm01n94nsslscv0xai4zq447ovnjan Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus 0 11183 3993163 3993084 2026-10-06T12:36:17Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De triumphis */ 3993163 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{videdis|Pompeius (nomen)}} [[Fasciculus:Hw-pompey.jpg|thumb|Effigies Pompeii [[Holmia]]e ostentata.]] '''Gnaeus Pompeius,''' appellatus '''Magnus,''' fuit ductor exercitus [[Roma Antiqua|Romanus antiquus]], ter [[consul]] et ter [[Triumphus|triumphator]]. In discordiis civilibus pro [[Sylla]] et adversus [[Quintus Sertorius|Sertorium]] pugnavit antequam rivalis exercitui [[Gaius Iulius Caesar|Gai Iulii Caesaris]] ipse succumberet. == De familiaribus necessitudinibus == Gnaeus Pompeius e nobili familia [[Picenum|Picena]] ortus erat, filius consulis anni [[89 a.C.n.]], [[Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo|Gnaei Pompei Strabonis]], viri Romanis ob avaritiam et latrocinia [[Bellum sociale|Bello Sociali]] commissa invisi<ref>[[Velleius Paterculus]] II.21.4. [[Iulius Obsequens]] 56. [[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 1.</ref>. Post eius mortem (87 a.C.n.) furti accusatus Pompeius coram iudicibus se purgare debuit. Quinque uxores habuit Pompeius Magnus. Primo Antistiam, filiam [[praetor|praetoris]] qui iudicio de bonis Pompei praeerat, circa [[86 a.C.n.|86]] uxorem duxit<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 4.4-6.</ref>. Post paucos annos eam repudiavit cogente [[Dictatura|dictatore]] [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla|Sylla]], qui ut Pompeium artius sibi constringeret [[Privigna|privignam]] suam Aemiliam, filiam uxoris [[Caecilia Metella Dalmatica|Metellae]] et [[Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (senior)|Aemilii Scauri]] prioris mariti eius consulis anni [[115 a.C.n.]], apud eum collocare voluit quamvis praegnantem e marito Manio Acilio Glabrione. Quae post paucos menses in [[puerperium|puerperio]] obiit<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 9.1-4.</ref>. Deinde Muciam Tertiam uxorem habuit, filiam [[Quintus Mucius Scaevola (consul 95 a.C.n.)|Quinti Mucii Scaevolae]], quae ei tres liberos peperit: Gnaeum, [[Sextus Pompeius|Sextum]] Pompeiamque quae [[Faustus Cornelius Sulla (mortuus 46 a.C.n.)|Fausto Syllae]], [[Dictatura|dictatoris]] filio nupsit. At cum diu in Asia bellaret Muciam solam Romae relictam palam seduxit Gaius Iulius Caesar. Quocirca cum illa quoque divortium fecit redux Pompeius<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 42.12-13. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 10.1. [[Cicero]], ''[[Epistulae ad Atticum|Ad Atticum]]'' I.12.3</ref>. Quartam velut [[triumviratus|primi triumviratus]] pignus habuit [[Iulia (uxor Pompeii Magni)|Iuliam]], filiam Gai Iulii Caesaris antea Servilio Caepioni sponsam<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 47.10.</ref> , quae maritum multum adamasse dicitur<ref>Ibidem 48.8 et 49.4 et 53.1-4. [[Valerius Maximus]] IV.6.4. [[Cassius Dio|Dio Cassius]] XXXIX.32.2.</ref>. At et illa in puerperio periit nec infans superfuit (mense septembri [[54 a.C.n.]]). Eius funus fuit triumviratus funus et societatis inter Pompeium et Caesarem interitus. Postremam duxit Corneliam Metellam, viduam [[Publius Licinius Crassus|Publii Licinii Crassi]]<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 74.6.</ref> eandemque filiam [[Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Nasica|Quinti Metelli Scipionis]]<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 55 qui hanc feminam litteratam laudabat.</ref>, quem anno [[52 a.C.n.|52]] collegam in consulatu sibi ipse elegit et qui generum in bello civili comitabatur atque Pompeio mortuo reliquas copias in Africa collegit ubi ad [[Pugna ad Thapsum|Thapsum]] a Caesare victus est. == De triumphis == Ter [[triumphus|triumphavit]] Pompeius. Triumphus primus "ex Africa" die [[12 Martii]] [[79 a.C.n.]] celebratus est: revera non Afros vicit sed [[Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (Cinnae gener)|Gnaeum Domitium Ahenobarbum]], [[Lucius Cornelius Cinna|Cinnae]] generum, aliosque [[Gaius Marius|Marianarum]] partium profugos qui in hanc provinciam salutem quaerebant<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 10-12</ref>. Redux statim triumphare voluit sed [[Dictatura|dictator]] [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla|Sylla]] diu recusavit praecipue quia nec consul nec praetor exercitum duxerat<ref>Magistratum cum imperio non gerebat. Cf Titus Livius XXXI.20: ''exemplum a maioribus non accepisse ut qui neque dictator neque consul neque praetor res gessisset triumpharet''.</ref>, antequam manus postremo daret<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 14</ref>. Tum Pompeius [[Quadrigae|quadrigis]] elephantorum Urbem intrare voluit sed quia porta angustior erat equis albis contentus fuit<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 14.6. {{Pnh}} VIII.4.</ref>. Et milites obstrepentes quia non satis praemiorum acceperant repulisse narratur dicens triumpho se renuntiare malle quam eos adulari<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 14.7.</ref>. Ita non erubuit de Romanis triumphare. Triumphus alter "ex Hispania" pridie [[Kalendae|Kalendas]] Ianuarias [[71 a.C.n.]] celebratus est et postero die Kalendis Ianuariis [[70 a.C.n.]] primum consulatum Pompeius inibat<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 22.</ref>. Iterum de Romanis triumphabat: etsi enim nonnullae gentes Ibericae cum [[Quintus Sertorius|Sertorio]] societatem fecerant revera Sertorium et successorem Perpennam vicerat reliquiasque Marianarum partium quae Sullanam civitatem recusabant. [[Fasciculus:Faustus Cornelius Sulla, AR denarius, 56 BC, RRC 426-4a.jpg|thumb|Denarius in honorem Pompei a genero [[Faustus Cornelius Sulla (mortuus 46 a.C.n.)|Fausto Sylla]] anno 56 a.C.n. signatus. Nam tres laureae ad tres triumphos alludunt et spica frumenti ad praefecturam annonae nuper Pompeio mandatam. Quae emissio specialiter ad frumentum emendum percussa est. Corona gemmata super globum ad 'triumphatorem mundi' referenda est<ref>Babelon, [https://archive.org/details/descriptionhisto01babe/page/422/mode/2up Cornelia 61]. Crawford 426/4. [https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/C_R-8752 Nummus in Museo Britannico].</ref>.]] Tertius triumphus ita magnificus et sumptuosus fuit ut per duos dies digeri debuerit (28/9 septembris 61) nec tamen omnia quae praeparata erant populo ostendi tempore deficiente potuerunt. Quattuordecim gentes victas enumerabat: praeter [[Pirata|piratas]] fuerunt Pontus, Armenia, Syria, Iudaea, Arabia etc. Finis praeterea fuit [[Bella Mithridatica|belli Mithridatici]] quo Romani per triginta annos multa damna acceperant. Et in tabellis in pompa prolatis pecunia ingens in [[aerarium]] deposita et novae urbes (circiter 39) ab illo conditae legebantur<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 45. {{Pnh}} VII.98-99 necnon XXXVII.13. [[Appianus Alexandrinus|Appianus]], ''Mithridatica'' 116-117. Velleius Paterculus II.40.3.</ref>. Quod tamen maxime animadverterunt aequales nec umquam ante Pompeium cuiquam acciderat hoc fuit quod tribus triumphis Pompeius de tribus mundi partibus (Africa, Europa, Asia) tunc notis triumphasset atque velut orbem terrarum Romanis subegisset<ref>[[Cicero]], ''Pro Balbo'' 4.9 et VI.16. ''Pro Sestio'' 129. [[Dio Cassius]] XXXVII.21. Quod idem in denariis suis celebrabat [[Faustus Cornelius Sulla (mortuus 46 a.C.n.)|Faustus Stylla]], Pompei gener.</ref>. Posteris vero res postea gestas cogitantibus visum est tunc mori Pompeium optimum fuisse ne "magni nominis umbra"<ref>[[Lucanus]], ''Pharsalia'' I.135. D. C. Feeney, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/638958 Stat magni nominis umbra.' Lucan on the Greatness of Pompeius Magnus]", ''The Classical Quarterly'', 1986: 239-243</ref> fieret. Reliqua vita eius non tantum foeda sed etiam reipublicae Romanae perniciosa fuit postquam primum [[Triumviratus|triumviratum]] cum Caesare et Crasso sociavit<ref>''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' 46.</ref>. De quo vide etiam [[Triumphi Gnaei Pompei Magni]]. == Vita == Gnaeus Pompeius stirpis senatoriae adolescens, in bello civili se et patrem consilio servavit. [[Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo|Pompeii pater]] suo [[Exercitus|exercitui]] ob avaritiam erat invisus; itaque facta est in eum conspiratio. Terentius quidam, Gnaei Pompeii contubernalis, eum occidendum susceperat, dum alii tabernaculum patris incenderent. Quae res iuveni Pompeio cenanti nuntiata est. Ipse nihil periculo motus, solito hilarius bibit, et cum Terentio eadem, qua antea, comitate usus est. Deinde cubiculum ingressus, clam subduxit se tentorio, et firmam patri circumposuit custodiam. Terentius tum districtu ense, ad lectum Pompeii accessit, multisque ictibus stragula percussit. Orta mox seditione, Pompeius se in media coniecit agmina, militesque tumultuantes precibus et lacrimis placavit, ac suo duci reconciliavit. Pompeii consul sine collega a senatu nominatus, Caesari aemulus erat. Pompeius eodem bello civili partes [[Sulla|Sullae]] secutus, ita egit ut ab eo maxime diligeretur. Annos tres et viginti natus, ut Sullae auxilio veniret, paterni exercitus reliquias collegit, statimque dux peritus exstitit. Illius magnus apud militem amor, magna apud omnes admiratio fuit; nullus ei labor taedio, nulla defatigatio molestiae erat. Cibi vinique temperans, somni parcus, inter milites corpus exercebat. Cum alacribus saltu, cum velocibus cursu, cum validis lucta certabat. Tum ad Sullam iter intendit, non per loca devia, sed palam incedens, tres hostium exercitus aut fudit, aut sibi adiunxit. Quem ubi Sulla ad se accedere audivit, egregiamque sub signis iuventutem aspexit, desiliit ex equo, Pompeiumque salutavit imperatorem: deinceps ei venienti solebat assurgere de sella et caput aperire; quem honorem nemini nisi Pompeio tribuebat. Postea Pompeius in [[Sicilia|Siciliam]] profectus est, ut eam a Carbone Sullae inimico occupatam reciperet. Carbo comprehensus, et ad Pompeium ductus est. Quem Pompeius, postquam acerbe in eum invectus fuisset, ad supplicium duci iussit. Tunc ille, qui ter consul fuerat, demisse ac muliebriter mortem extimuit: voce flebili petiit ut sibi alvum levare liceret, sicque brevem miserrimae vitae usuram rapuit, donec miles morae impatiens caput in sordido loco sedentis amputavit. Longe moderatior fuit Pompeius erga Sthenium Siculae cuiusdam civitatis principem. Cum enim in eam civitatem animadvertere decrevisset qua sibi adversata fuerat, exclamavit Sthenius, eum inique facturum si ob culpam unius omnes plecteret. Interroganti Pompeio quisnam ille unus esset, "Ego, inquit Sthenius, qui meos cives ad id induxi." Tam libera voce delectatus Pompeius, omnibus et Sthenio ipsi pepercit. Transgressus inde in [[Africa|Africam]] Pompeius, Iarbam [[Numidia|Numidiae]] regem, qui [[Marius|Marii]] partibus favebat, bello persecutus est. Intra dies quadraginta hostem oppressit, et Africam subegit adolescens quattuor et viginti annorum. Tum ei litterae a Sulla redditae sunt, quibus iubebatur exercitum dimittere, et cum una tantum legione successorem exspectare. Id aegre tulit Pompeius paruit: tamen, et Romam reversus est. Revertenti incredibilis multitudo obviam ivit. Sulla quoque eum laetus excepit, et Magni cognomine appellavit: nihilominus Pompeio triumphum petenti restitit; neque ea re a proposito deterritus est Pompeius; aususque est dicere plures solem orientem adorare, quam occidentem: quo dicto innuebat Sullae potentiam minui, suam vero crescere. Ea voce audita, Sulla iuvenis constantiam admiratus, exclamavit: "Triumphet, triumphet." A Pompeio militari triumpho perfecto, titulum Magnum accipit. Metello iam seni et bellum in [[Hispania]] segnius gerenti collega datus est Pompeius, ibique adversus Sertorium vario eventu dimicavit. In quodam proelio maximum subiit periculum: cum enim in eum vir vasta corporis magnitudine impetum fecisset, Pompeius manum hostis amputavit, sed multis in eum concurrentibus, vulnus in femore accepit, et a suis fugientibus desertus in hostium potestate erat. At praeter spem evasit: illi scilicet equum Pompeii auro phalerisque eximiis instructum ceperant. Dum vero praedam inter se altercantes partiuntur, Pompeius illorum manus effugit. Altero proelio, cum [[Metellus]] Pompeio laboranti auxilio venisset, fususque esset Sertorii exercitus, is dixisse fertur: "Nisi ista anus supervenisset, ego hunc puerum verberibus castigatum Romam dimisissem." Metellum anum appellabat, quia is iam senex ad mollem et effeminatam vitam deflexerat. Tandem Sortorio interfecto, Pompeius Hispaniam recepit. Cum [[Pirata|piratae]] maria omnia infestarent, et quasdam etiam Italiae urbes diripuissent, ad eos opprimendos, cum imperio extraordinario missus est Pompeius. Nimiae viri potentiae obsistebant quidam ex optimatibus, et imprimis Quintus Catulus; qui cum in contione dixisset esse quidem praeclarum virum Gnaeum Pompeium, sed non esse uni omnia tribuenda, adiecissetque: "Si quid ei acciderit, ecquemnam in eius locum substituetis?" Acclamavit universa contio: "Te ipsum, Quinte Catule." Tam honorifico civium testimonio victus Catulus e contione discessit. Pompeius, disposito per omnes maris recessus navium praesidio, brevi terrarum orbem illa peste liberavit; praedones multis locis victos fudit; eosdem in deditionem acceptos in urbibus et agris procul a mari collocavit. Nihil hac victoria celerius; nam intra quadragesimum diem piratas toto mari expulit. Confecto bello piratico, Gnaeus Pompeius contra [[Mithridates VI (rex Ponti)|Mithridatem]] profectus est, et in Asiam magna celeritate contendit. Proelium cum rege conserere cupiebat, neque opportuna dabatur pugnandi facultas, quia Mithridates interdiu castris se continebat, noctu vero haud tutum orat congredi cum hoste in locis ignotis. Quadam tamen noctu Mithridatem Pompeius aggressus est. Luna magno fuit Romanis adiumento: nam cum eam Romani a tergo haberent, umbrae corporum longius proiectae ad primos usque hostium ordines pertinebant; unde decepti regii milites, in umbras tanquam in propinquum hostem tela mittebant. Victus Mithridates in Pontum profugit. Adversus eum filius Pharnaces rebellavit, quia, occisis a patre fratribus, vitae suae ipse timebat. Mithridates a filio obsessus venenum sumpsit, quod cum tardius subiret, quia adversus venena multis antea medicaminibus corpus firmaverat, a milite Gallo volens interfectus est. Pompeius deinde Tigranem [[Armenia|Armeniae]] regem, qui Mithridatis partes secutus fuerat, ad deditionem compulit; quem tamen ad genua procumbentem erexit, benignis verbis recreavit, et in regnum restituit, aeque pulchrum esse iudicans et vincere reges et facere. Tandem rebus Asiae compositis in Italiam rediit. Ad urbem venit, non, ut plerique timuerant, armatus, sed demisso exercitu, et tertium triumphum biduo duxit. Insignis fuit multis novis inusitatisque ornamentis hic triumphus; sed nihil illustrius visum, quam quod tribus triumphis tres orbis partes devictae causam praebuerunt Pompeius enim, quod antea contigerat nemini, primo ex Africa, iterum ex Europa, tertio ex Asia triumphavit, felix opinione hominum futurus, si quem gloriae, eumdem vitae finem habuisset, neque adversam fortunam esset expertus iam senex. Pompeius effecit ut et magnitudinem et potentiam Senatus augeret. A [[Gaius Iulius Caesar|Caesare]] anno [[48 a.C.n.]] apud [[Pugna apud Pharsalum|Pharsalum]] victus in [[Aegyptus|Aeqyptum]] fugit, atque die [[28 Septembris]] eiusdem anni, [[Pelusium|Pelusii]] appulsus, necatus est. Inter interfectores et [[Lucius Septimius]] fuit. == Notae == <references /> == Fontes praecipui == [[Fasciculus:RSC 0017.jpg|thumb|Caput Pompei in [[Denarius|denario]] a filio Sexto signato.]] * [[Appianus Alexandrinus|Appianus]], ''Bella civilia'' I-II et ''Mithridatica'' *[[Gaius Iulius Caesar|Caesar]], ''De bello civili'' * [[Cicero]], Epistulae et orationes passim *[[Dio Cassius]], ''[[Historia Romana (Dio)|Historia Romana]]'' *[[Lucanus]], ''[[Pharsalia]]'' *[[Plutarchus]], ''[[Vita Pompei (Plutarchus)|Vita Pompei]]'' *[[Sallustius]], ''Historiae'' *[[Titus Livius]], ''Periochae'' *[[Velleius Paterculus]], ''[[Historiae (Velleius)|Historiae]]'' == Plura legere si cupis == *Henricus Antonius Cornelius Chais Van Buren, ''Dissertatio historico-juridica inauguralis de Cn. Pompeio Magno, et de legibus ab eo latis''..., Lugduni Batavorum, 1823 * Karl Christ, ''Pompeius : der Feldherr Roms ; eine Biographie'', C.H. Beck, 2004 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=IN-8tQcnJiEC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] * Matthias Dingmann, ''Pompeius Magnus : Machtgrundlagen eines spätrepublikanischen Politikers'', M. Leidorf, 2007 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2010_num_79_1_4002_t21_0656_0000_2 Recensio critica] [https://www.academia.edu/165291002/Matthias_Dingmann_Pompeius_Magnus_Machtgrundlagen_eines_sp%C3%A4trepublikanischen_Politikers Altera recensio critica] * Mathias Gelzer, ''Pompeius. Lebensbild eines Römers'', Stuttgart, Steiner, 2005 (prima editio 1948) [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_2007_num_109_1_6738_t1_0400_0000_3 Recensio critica] *Charles-Alban Horvais, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2017_num_195_1_1841 Pompée, les Italiens et le Sénat (de 62 à 49 av. J.-C.)]", ''Vita Latina'', 2017: 5-21 *John Leach, ''Pompey the Great'', Routledge, 1978 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=ASYiAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] * Alessandro Moretti, ''Crescere nella discordia : la vita di Pompeo'', Bononiae, 2022 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=DRAEEQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] *Nicole Schemmel, ''Rhōmaiōn kratistos : die Rezeption des Pompeius in der römischen Kaiserzeit'', Wellem Verlag, 2015 *Francesco Paolo Rizzo S. J., ''Le Fonti per la Storia della Conquista Pompeiana della Siria'', Banca di Sicilia, 1963 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1964_num_33_2_1428_t1_0551_0000_2 Recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/reg_0035-2039_1964_num_77_364_3778_t1_0308_0000_1 Altera recensio critica] *Georg-Philipp Schietinger (curator), ''Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus : Ausnahmekarrierist, Netzwerker und Machtstratege : Beiträge zur Heidelberger Pompeius-Tagung am 24. September 2014'', Marie Leidorf, 2019 *J. Van Ooteghem, ''Pompée le Grand, bâtisseur d'Empire'', Bruxellis, 1954 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rbph_0035-0818_1955_num_33_4_1970_t1_0952_0000_1 Recensio critica] *Donata Villani, « [https://journals.openedition.org/pallas/1061#article-1061 Entre imitatio Alexandri et imitatio Herculis : Pompée et l’universalisme romain] », ''Pallas'', 2013: 335-350. == Nexus externi == {{Vicicitatio|Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus}} {{CommuniaCat|Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus|Gnaeum Pompeium Magnum }} {{Viri Illustres}} * "[http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/moa/acl3129.0003.001/485?page=root;rgn=full+text;size=100;view=image;q1=pompeius C. Pompeius Magnus]" in {{Smith-bio}} vol. 3 pp. 477-488 {{Fontes biographici}} {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores= [[Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus]] et [[Lucius Marcius Philippus (consul 56 a.C.n.)|Lucius Marcius Philippus]]| annus= 55 a.C.n.<br />cum<br />[[Marcus Licinius Crassus (triumvir)|Marco Licinio Crasso]] II| successores= [[Appius Claudius Pulcher (consul 54 a.C.n.)|Appius Claudius Pulcher]] et [[Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus (consul 54 a.C.n.)|L. Domitius Ahenobarbus]]}} {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores=[[Marcus Valerius Messalla Rufus]] et [[Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus]]| annus= 52 a.C.n.<br />cum<br />[[Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Nasica|Quinto Caecilio Metello Pio Scipione Nasica]]| successores=[[Marcus Claudius Marcellus (consul 51 a.C.n.)|M. Claudius Marcellus]] et [[Servius Sulpicius Rufus]]}} {{Lifetime|106 a.C.n.|48 a.C.n.|Pompeius Magnus, Gnaeus}} [[Categoria:Consules]] [[Categoria:Gens Pompeia|Magnus, Gnaeus]] [[Categoria:Necati]] [[Categoria:Participes bellorum Mithridaticorum]] [[Categoria:Participes Belli Civilis (49-45 a.C.n.)]] [[Categoria:Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus|!]] [[Categoria:Victimae Belli Civilis (49-45 a.C.n.)]] {{Myrias|Homines}} fwrwsxwdo0hkoey3i0l57kvx0pt1o6p Chromium 0 12866 3993310 3950481 2026-10-07T01:57:04Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993310 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Elementa caput | numerus atomicus=24 | symbolus=Cr | nomen=chromium | sinister=[[Vanadium]] | dexter=[[Manganum]] | super=[[Aluminium|Al]] | sub=[[Molybdenum|Mo]] | color1=#fcc | color2=black }} |} '''Chromium'''<ref>"Chromium": Peter van der Krogt, "[http://www.vanderkrogt.net/elements/list_element.php?language=la&sort=A Elementa chemica]" apud situm ''Elementymology & Elements Multidict''</ref><ref>Origo nominis est verbum [[lingua Graeca antiqua|Graecum]] "χρῶμα" quod "[[color]]em" significat, ita nominatum a [[Renatus Iustus Haüy|Renato Iusto Haüy]]</ref> est [[elementum chemicum]] [[Metallum|metallicum]] [[Metalla transitionis|transitionis]] cui [[numerus atomicus]] '''24''' et symbolum '''Cr'''. In [[Grex (systema periodicum)|grege]] sexto et [[Periodus (systema periodicum)|periodo]] quarta [[systema periodicum|systematis periodici]] ponitur. Quattuor [[Isotopus|isotopos]] stabiles habet <sup>50</sup>Cr, <sup>52</sup>Cr, <sup>53</sup>Cr, et <sup>54</sup>Cr: abundantissimum est chromium-52 (24 [[Proton|protones]] et 28 [[Neutron|neutrones]]) et [[massa atomica]] elementi 51,996 valet. Chromium primum inventum est a [[Ludovicus Nicolaus Vauquelin|Ludovico Nicolao Vauquelin]] anno 1797. Homines chromio in [[metallurgia]] utuntur. == De proprietatibus chemicis == [[Fasciculus:Chroman sodný.JPG|thumb|Natrii chromas.]] Aspectus metalli puri est cristallum durum, candidum [[argenteus|argenteum]] et lucidum quia lucis maximam partem refringit. Chromium cum aliis elementis [[Reactio chemica|reagit]] sed nec ab aëre oxidatur nec ab aqua mutatur. Duo praecipui gradus oxidationis in natura reperiuntur: +3 et +6. Eius configuratio electronica notatur 3d<sup>5</sup>4s<sup>1</sup>. Temperatura qua [[liquidum]] fit: 1860 [[Gradus Celsianus|gradus Celsiani]]. Qua [[gas]] fit: 2600 gradus Celsiani. Massa per volumen: 7,19g/cm<sup>3</sup>. [[Compositum chemicum|Compositum]] chromii naturaliter abundans est chromita FeCr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Utilis est etiam [[natrium|natrii]] chromas Na<sub>2</sub>CrO<sub>4</sub>, solidum [[Aureus (color)|aureum]]. [[Cation]] Cr<sup>3+</sup> colorem suum [[Carbunculus|carbunculo]] confert. == De purificatione == [[Fasciculus:Motorcycle Reflections bw edit.jpg|thumb|Pars birotae 'chromiatae'.]] Industria chemica chromium purum ex mixturis mineralibus magnis [[Temperatura thermodynamica|temperaturis]] extrahit sive ex chromita per [[carbonium]] sive etiam ex alio oxido Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> per [[aluminium]] secundum [[Reactio chemica|reactiones]] infrascriptas: : FeCr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>(s) + 4 C(s) → Fe(l) + 2 Cr(l) + 4 CO(g) : Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(s) + 2 Al(s) → Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(s) + 2 Cr(l) == De usu humano == Chromium [[Chalybs|aciariis]] additur ne oxidentur (aciarium inoxidabile) sed etiam per [[Electrolysis|electrolysim]] tenuis pellicula chromii certis partibus [[Autocinetum|autocinetorum]] aut [[Birota automataria|birotarum automatariarum]] adplicatur non tantum contra oxidationem sed etiam ut magis luceant<ref>[https://www.tuofa-cncmachining.com/fr/tuofa-blog/chrome-vs-stainless-steel.html TUOFA]: chromium versus aciarium inoxidabile.</ref>. Nuper adhuc chromium [[Cibus|micronutrimentum]] mammalibus necessarium habebatur<ref>[https://bioregeneration.fr/chrome-bienfaits-proprietes-precautions-complement-alimentaire/ De chromii beneficiis, 2025]. Scientia huius commentarii dubia est sed ostendit quomodo chromium salubre esse adhuc credatur.</ref> atque [[Diaeta|diaetae]] addebatur (quamquam multa alimenta iam chromii minimam partem continent). Nunc tamen de utilitate chromii ad salutem dubitatur nec iam inter micronutrimenta ponitur<ref>John B Vincent (2018)</ref>. Econtra constat chromium(VI), hoc est cum gradu oxidationis +6, [[Cancer (morbus)|carcinogenum]] esse cum inhalatur<ref>Eleni Sazakli (2024).</ref><ref>Centre Léon Bérard: [https://web.archive.org/web/20260219102549/http://www.cancer-environnement.fr/fiches/expositions-environnementales/chrome-6-et-ses-composes/ De chromio toxico].</ref>. Composita quoque suas utilitates invenerunt tamquam [[Pigmentum (chemia)|pigmenta]] in [[ceramica]] aut [[fungi|fungicidae]] ([[Sal (chemia)|sales]] chromii). == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == [[Fasciculus:Chromium crystals and 1cm3 cube.jpg|thumb|Puri chromii [[Crystallum|cristalla]].]] *Carlos Cervantes , Jesús Campos-García , Silvia Devars , Félix Gutiérrez-Corona , Herminia Loza-Tavera , Juan Carlos Torres-Guzmán , Rafael Moreno-Sánchez. "[https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/25/3/335/624631 Interactions of chromium with microorganisms and plants]", ''FEMS Microbiology Reviews,'' 2001: 335–347 *Y. Roman-Garcia, L. Moraes, D.H. Kleinschmit, A. Gomez, M.T. Socha. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030226000573 Quantifying production responses to the supplementation of chromium in lactating dairy cattle]", ''Journal of Dairy Science'', 2026 *Eleni Sazakli, "[https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/4/406 Human Health Effects of Oral Exposure to Chromium: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Evidence]", International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2024: 406 *John B Vincent et Henry C Lukaski, "[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6054252/ Chromium]", ''Advances in Nutrition'', 2018: 505-6 {{NexInt}} *[[Carbunculus]] == Nexus externi == *[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/chromium?uselang=fr chromium] spectant * [http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/024.htm Hoc elementum] apud ''Patreon: periodic videos'' {{Elementa chemica}} [[Categoria:Elementa chemica]] [[Categoria:Metalla]] {{Myrias|Physica}} tfxnd67eehw2imlpx12iadpeyt5256d 18 Novembris 0 13482 3993245 3981316 2026-10-06T18:42:15Z LilyKitty 18316 de Carolo Deisseroth 3993245 wikitext text/x-wiki '''18 Novembris''' [[dies]] 322ª anni est (323ª in [[Annus bisextilis|anni bisextilis]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 43 dies manent. Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est '''ante diem decimum quartum Kalendas Decembres''' (a.d. XIV Kal. Dec.). {{Calendarium-Novembris}} == Eventa == [[Fasciculus:Manno bandini da siena, bonifacio VIII, rame battuto e bronzo fuso su anima in legno, inv. 1668, 01.JPG|thumb|left|upright=0.6|[[Bonifacius VIII]] papa]] === Saeculo 14 === *[[1302]] - [[Bonifacius VIII]] papa [[Bulla apostolica|Bullam apostolicam]] ''[[Unam sanctam ecclesiam]]'' propagat, quo omnes homines ecclesiae subiectos esse debere declarat. === Saeculo 17 === *[[1626]] - [[Urbanus VIII]] papa [[Basilica Vaticana|Basilicam Vaticanam]] nuper perfectam dedicat. === Saeculo 18 === *[[1723]] - [[Catharinopolis]] conditur. === Saeculo 19 === * [[1830]] - Libertas [[Belgica]]e a [[Nederlandia]] proclamatur. * [[1824]] - Urbs [[Aulica]] in [[Regnum Hannoveranum|regno Hannovero]] sita incendio maxima parte deletur. * [[1837]] - Professores septem [[Universitas Regia Georgia Augusta|universitatis Goettingensis]] (erant [[Gulielmus Eduardus Albrecht]], [[Fridericus Christopherus Dahlmann]], [[Henricus Ewald]], [[Georgius Gottfriedus Gervinus]], [[Iacobus Grimm]], [[Gulielmus Grimm]] atque [[Gulielmus Eduardus Weber]]) constitutionem regni Hannoverani a rege novo [[Ernestus Augustus (rex Hannoverae)|Ernesto Augusto]] sublatam vituperant. * [[1851]] - [[Georgius V (rex Hannoverae)|Georgius V]] post mortem patris rex Hannoverae fit. * [[1865]] ** [[Alexander Cumundurus]] [[Primi ministri Graeciae|Primus Minister]] [[Graecia]]e nominatur. Antecessor eius [[Demetrius Bulgares]] erat. ** [[Berolinum|Berolini]] primum pneumaticum epistularum diribitorium incipit. === Saeculo 20 === *[[1905]] - [[Haakon VII]], filius secundus [[Fridericus VIII (rex Daniae)|Friderici]], qui anno [[1906]] Fridericus VIII rex [[Dania]]e facietur, rex [[Norvegia]]e creatur. *[[1916]] - [[Proelium apud Samaram|Proelium]] cruentissimum [[primum bellum mundanum|primi belli mundani]] apud [[Samara]]m finitur. *[[1918]] - [[Riga]]e res publica [[Lettonia]] libera proclamatur. *[[1941]] - In [[Libya]] impetus [[Britanniarum regnum|Britanniae]] contra exercitus [[Regnum Italiae (1861-1946)|Italicum]] et [[Germania|Germanicum]] incipit. *[[1963]] - In [[Marocum|Maroco]] primo tempore post libertatem adeptam parlamentum eligitur. *[[1978]] - Moriuntur [[Iacobus Jones]], [[Leo Ryan]], 909 cultori [[Populorum Templum]], etc. in occidio in [[Jonesopolis]], [[Georgiopolis (Guiana)|Georgiopolis]], et [[Porta Kaituma]], [[Guiana]]. === Saeculo 21 === * [[2005]] - In [[Francia]] emissiones [[Gulli (televisio)|Gulli]] stationis liberae incipiunt. == Nati == === Saeculo 16 === * [[1531]] - [[Robertus Ridolfus]], coniuratus [[Italia]]nus (mortuus anno [[1612]]) === Saeculo 17 === * [[1647]] - [[Petrus Bayle]], philosophus Francicus (mortuus anno [[1706]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1786]] - [[Carolus Maria de Weber]], compositor Germanicus (†&nbsp;[[1826]]) * [[1787]] - [[Ludovicus Daguerre]], pictor et inventor Francicus (mortuus anno 1851) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1860]] - [[Ignatius Ioannes Paderwski]], [[clavicen]], [[compositor]] et [[politicus]] [[Polonia|Polonicus]] (mortuus anno 1941) * [[1863]] - [[Ricardus Dehmel]], poeta et scriptor Germanicus (mortuus anno [[1920]]) * [[1877]] - [[Arthurus Caecilius Pigou]], oeconomus [[Anglia|Anglicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1959]]) * [[1882]] - [[Iacobus Maritain]], [[philosophus]] et [[theologus]] Fancicus (†&nbsp;[[1973]]) * [[1891]] - [[Gio Ponti]], [[architectus]] Italianus (mortuus anno [[1979]]) * [[1897]] - [[Patricius M.S. Blackett]], physicus Britannicus [[Praemium Nobelianum physicae|praemio Nobeliano physicae]] affectus (†&nbsp;[[1974]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1906]] **[[Nicolaus Mann]], scriptor Germanicus (mortuus anno [[1949]]) **[[Georgius Wald]], physiologus [[CFA|Americanus]] [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae|praemio Nobeliano physiologiae et medicinae]] affectus (mortuus est anno [[1997]]) * [[1907]] - [[Compay Segundo]], musicus [[Cuba]]nus (mortuus anno [[2003]]) * [[1917]] - [[Petrus Infante]], histrio et cantor [[Mexicum|Mexicanus]] (†&nbsp;[[1957]]) * [[1923]] **[[Alanus Shepard]], astronauta Americanus (mortuus anno [[1998]]) **[[Theodorus Stevens]], vir publicus Americanus (mortuus anno [[2010]]) * [[1927]] - [[Eldar Rjazanov]], moderator cinematographicus [[URSS|Sovieticus]] et [[Russia|Russicus]] (†&nbsp;[[2015]]) * [[1936]] - [[Ennius Antonelli]], cardinalis Italicus * [[1938]] - [[Eugenius Montejo]], [[Venetiola|Venetiolicus]] [[scriptor]], [[poëta]], diplomaticus (mortuus anno [[2008]]) * [[1939]] **[[Margarita Atwood]], scriptrix [[Canada|Canadiensis]] **[[Henricus Brincard]], episcopus Francicus (mortuus anno [[2014]]) **[[Ioannes O'Keefe]], scientista neurologiae Americo-Britannicus, praemio Nobeliano physiologiae et medicinae affectus * [[1943]] - [[Leonardus Sandri]], cardinalis [[Argentina|Argentinus]] * [[1953]] - [[Alan Moore]], scriptor Anglicus * [[1960]] - [[Kim Wilde]], cantrix Britannica * [[1962]] - [[Kirk Hammett]], musicus Americanus * 1963 - [[Petrus Schmeichel]], pedilusor Danicus * [[1968]] - [[Owen Wilson]], histrio Americanus * [[1971]] - [[Carolus Deisseroth]], medicus et psychiater [[CFA|Americanus]] * [[1978]] - [[Andreas Nelsons]], concertus magister et dux orchestrae [[Lettonia|Lettonius]] * [[1983]] - [[Michael Dawson]], pedilusor Anglicus == Mortui == === Saeculo 12 === * [[1170]] - [[Albertus ursus]], elector [[Brandenburgum|Brandenburgi]] (natus anno [[1100]]) === Saeculo 19 === *[[1828]] - [[Hippolytus Pindemonte]], poeta Italicus (natus anno [[1753]]) *[[1851]] - [[Ernestus Augustus (rex Hannoverae)|Ernestus Augustus]], rex Hannoverae (natus anno [[1771]]) *[[1854]] - [[Eduardus Forbes]], studiosus [[geologia]]e, [[mineralogia]]e, [[palaeontologia]]e et [[malacologia]]e [[Scotia|Scoticus]] (natus anno [[1815]]) *[[1886]] **[[Chester Alanus Arthur]], praeses CFA (natus anno [[1829]]) **[[Petrus Semenenco]], philosophus et theologus catholicus [[Polonia|Polonicus]] (natus anno [[1814]]) *[[1887]] - [[Gustavus Theodorus Fechner]], medicus, physicus, investigator, [[Scientia (ratio)|philosophus]] [[physica|rerum physicarum]], Germanicus (natus anno [[1801]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1919]] - [[Adolphus Hurwitz]], mathematicus Germanicus (†&nbsp;[[1859]]) * [[1922]] - [[Marcellus Proust]], scriptor Francicus (natus anno [[1871]]) * [[1941]] - [[Gualterius Nernst]], [[chemicus]] Germanicus, [[Praemio Nobelianum chemiae|praemio Nobeliano chemiae]] affectus (natus anno [[1864]]) * [[1962]] – [[Nicolaus Bohr]], physicus Danicus (natus 1885) * [[1965]] - [[Henricus Agard Wallace]], praeses vicarius CFA (natus anno [[1888]]) * [[1977]] - [[Curtius Schuschnigg]], cancellarius [[Austria]]e (natus [[1897]]) * [[1994]] - [[Cab Calloway]], musicus Americanus (natus anno [[1907]]) * [[1998]] - [[Aurelius de Lira Tavares]], dux militum et vir publicus [[Brasilia]]nus (natus anno 1905) === Saeculo 21 === *[[2004]] - [[Anscharius Schönbrunner]], [[res militaris|miles]] Germanicus, qui [[Vilna]]e inter [[secundum bellum mundanum]] [[Iudaei]]s a [[NSDAP|nazistis]] vexatis auxilium dedit (natus anno [[1908]]) *[[2017]] - [[Photes Caphatus]], ethnologiae peritus Graecus (†&nbsp;[[1940]]) == Festa et feriae == * [[Lettonia]] - Dies Libertatis ([[1918]]) * [[Omania|Oman]] - dies natalis regis {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] 53laq3dtzg6a6zqjay9jxlub323mv1p 24 Augusti 0 14365 3993248 3985584 2026-10-06T18:45:28Z LilyKitty 18316 de Georgio Nagel 3993248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Calendarium-Augusti}} '''24 Augusti''' [[dies]] 236ª anni est (237ª in [[Annus bisextilis|anni bisextilis]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 129 dies manent. Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est ''ante diem nonum Kalendas Septembris'', quod a.d. IX Kal. Sept. [[abbreviatio|abbreviatur]]. == Eventa == [[Fasciculus:Eruption of Vesuvius from Pacini's opera L'ultimo giorno di Pompei.jpg|thumb|Obruptio [[Pompeii (urbs antiqua)|Pompeii]] oppidi]] === Saeculo 1 === * [[79]] - [[Pompeii (urbs antiqua)|Pompeii]] oppidum in [[Campania]] situm ab eruptione montis [[Vesuvius|Vesuvii]] obruitur. === Saeculo 4 === * [[358]] - Motus terrae [[Nicomedia]]m urbem et alia oppida Asiae delet. === Saeculo 5 === * [[410]] - [[Visigothi]] [[Roma]]m capiunt et diruunt. === Saeculo 16 === * [[1511]] - [[Alphonsus de Albuquerque]], explorator [[Lusitania|Lusitanicus]], [[Malacca]]m urbem in [[Malaesia]] sitam expugnat et aditum ad condimenta orientis Lusitaniae patefacit. * [[1572]] - [[Genocidium|Megnum homicidium]] [[protestantes|protestantium]] a catholicis fit in [[Francia]] in vigilia festi [[Sanctus Bartholomaeus|Sancti Bartholomaei]]. === Saeculo 17 === * [[1656]] - [[Obsidio Rigensis]] incipit. * [[1690]] - In [[India]] urbs [[Calcutta]] conditur. === Saeculo 19 === * [[1815]] - [[Constitutio]] [[Nederlandia]]e decernitur. * [[1891]] - [[Iosephus Manuel Balmaceda]] praeses [[Chilia]]e seditione deponitur. [[Georgius Montt Álvarez]] eius successor fit. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1954]] - [[Ioannes Café Filho]] successor [[Getulius Dornelles Vargas|Getulii Dornellis Vargas]], qui sibi mortem consciverat, praeses [[Brasilia]]e nominatur. * [[1968]] - [[Francia]] apud insulam [[Mururoa]]m ([[Polynesia Francica]]) [[bomba atomica|bombam thermonuclearem]] temptat. * [[1989]] - [[Thaddaeus Mazowiecki]] primius minister [[Polonia]]e fit. * [[1991]] - [[Ucraina]] se liberam esse ab [[Unio Sovietica|Unione Sovietica]] declarat. * [[1995]] - Programma [[Windows 95]] publicatur. === Saeculo 21 === * [[2006]] - [[Unio Astronomica Internationalis]] [[Pluto (planetula)|Plutonem]] non plus ordinis solaris [[planeta]]m, at [[planetula]]m declarat. * [[2016]] ** [[Terrae motus Italiae mediae anni 2016|Terra motus]] [[Scala Richteriana|magnitudinis]] 6.2 prope [[Acumulum]] et [[Reate]] in [[Italia media]] fit, quo plus quam 70 homines necantur. ** [[Terrae motus]] in [[Birmania]] magnitudine 6.8 fit. * [[2018]] - [[Scott Morrison]] Primus Minister [[Australia]]e fit. == Nati == === Saeculo 12 === * [[1113]] - [[Galfridus V (comes Andegavensis)|Galfridus V]], comes [[Andegavensis]] (†&nbsp;[[1151]]) * [[1198]] - [[Alexander II (rex Scotiae)|Alexander II]], rex [[Scotia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1249]]) === Saeculo 14 === * [[1367]] - [[Aegidius Albornotius]], [[cardinalis]] [[Hispania|Hispanicus]] (†&nbsp;circa annum [[1295]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1750]] - [[Laetitia Ramolino]], mater [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleonis Bonaparte]], imperatoris Francorum (†&nbsp;[[1836]]) * [[1759]] - [[Gulielmus Wilberforce]], rerum politicarum peritus et philanthropus [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1833]]) * [[1772]] - [[Gulielmus I (rex Nederlandiae)|Gulielmus I]], rex [[Nederlandia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1843]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1861]] - [[Simon de Graaff]], vir publicus Nederlandiae partium conservativae necnon protestantis (†&nbsp;[[1953]]) * [[1865]] - [[Ferdinandus I (rex Romaniae)|Ferdinandus I]], rex [[Romania]]e (†&nbsp;[[1927]]) * [[1874]] - [[Gualtherius Schieck]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Germania|Germanicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1946]]) * [[1897]] - [[Gertrudis Bambrick]], actrix [[CFA|Americana]] (†&nbsp;[[1974]]) * [[1899]] **[[Georgius Ludovicus Borges]], scriptor [[Argentina|Argentinus]] (†&nbsp;[[1986]]) **[[Albertus Claude]], biologus et cytologiae peritus [[Belgica|Belgicus]] [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae|praemio Nobeliano physiologiae et medicinae]] affectus (†&nbsp;[[1983]]) * [[1900]] - [[Leonardus Conti]], medicus Germanicus [[NSDAP|Nazista]] et unus auctorum [[euthanasia]]e, i.e. caedis imbellorum (†&nbsp;[[1946]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1919]] - [[Carolus Iulius Arosemena Monroy]], praeses [[Aequatoria]]e (†&nbsp;[[2004]]) * [[1922]] ** [[Renatus Lévesque]], politicus [[Quebecum|Quebecensis]] (†&nbsp;[[1987]]) ** [[Huardus Zinn]], rerum gestarum scriptor Americanus (†&nbsp;[[2010]]) * [[1924]] - [[Ahmadou Ahidjo]], praeses [[Cameronia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1989]]) * [[1927]] - [[Henricus Maximus Markowitz]], oeconomiae peritus Americanus, [[Praemium Nobelianum oeconomiae|praemio Nobeliano oeconomiae]] affectus (†&nbsp;[[2023]]) * [[1929]] - [[Iasser Arafat]], [[praeses]] [[Palaestina|Palaestinorum]] (†&nbsp;[[2004]]) * [[1932]] - [[Cormac Murphy-O'Connor]], archiepiscopus Vestmonasteriensis (†&nbsp;[[2017]]) * [[1934]] - [[Kennethus Baker (histrio Britannicus)|Kennethus Baker]], actor et musicus [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannicus]] (†&nbsp;2016) * [[1935]] - [[Tsutomu Hata]], primus minister [[Iaponia]]e (†&nbsp;(2017) * [[1936]] **[[Antonia Susanna Byatt]], scriptrix [[Anglia|Anglica]] (†&nbsp;2023) **[[Kennethus Carrol Guinn]], gubernator [[Nivata]]e (†&nbsp;2010) * [[1944]] - [[Aboubacar Somparé]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Guinea]]e (†&nbsp;2017) * [[1947]] ** [[Stephanus Pearce]], rerum politicarum peritus Americanus [[Factio Republicana (CFA)|factionis Republicanae]] ** [[Ioseph Antonius Manchin]], gubernator [[Virginia Occidentalis|Virginiae Occidentalis]] ** [[Paulus Coelho]], scriptor [[Brasilia]]nus * [[1948]] - [[Saulus Niinistö]], [[praeses Finniae]] * [[1951]] - [[Anscharius Hijuelos]], scriptor Americanus (†&nbsp;[[2013]]) * [[1953]] - [[Georgius Nagel]], biologus et neuropsychologus [[Germania|Germanicus]] * [[1956]] - [[Ioannes Culberson]], vir publicus Americanus * [[1957]] - [[Stephanus Fry]], actor, comicus et scriptor Anglicus * [[1959]] - [[Margarita Patricia Munn]], rerum politicarum perita Britannica factionis [[Factio laboris (Britanniarum regnum)|Laboris]] * [[1964]] - [[Dana Gould]], histrio et comoedus Americanus * [[1965]] - [[Marlee Matlin]], actrix Americana * [[1974]] - [[Takuya Yamada]], pedilusor Iaponicus * [[1977]] - [[Robertus Enke]], pedilusor Germanicus (†&nbsp;[[2009]]) * [[1979]] - [[Francisca Brantner]], rerum politicarum perita [[Germania|Germanica]] factionis [[Foedus 90/Virides|Foederis 90/Viridum]] * [[1982]] - [[Kim Källström]], pedilusor [[Suecia|Suecicus]] * [[1988]] **[[Rupertus Grint]], actor Anglicus **[[Maya Yoshida]], pedilusor Iaponicus == Mortui == === Saeculo 1 === * [[79]] - [[Gaius Plinius Secundus]], doctus et dux militaris Romanus (*&nbsp;[[23]]. === Saeculo 14 === * [[1313]] - [[Henricus VII a Luxemburgio]], [[imperator]] [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] (natus circiter [[1278]]) === Saeculo 17 === * [[1617]] - [[Rosa Limana]], sancta (nata [[1586]]) * [[1666]] - [[Franciscus Emmanuel de Melo]], scriptor [[Lusitania|Lusitanus]] (natus [[1608]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1856]] - [[Gulielmus Buckland]], [[geologia|geologus]] et [[palaeontologia|palaeontologus]] Anglicus (*&nbsp;[[1784]]) * [[1884]] - [[Carolus Davila]], [[medicus]] Dacoromanus et professor [[Universitas Bucarestensis|universitatis Bucarestensis]] (*&nbsp;[[1828]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1943]] - [[Simona Weil]], [[philosophus|philosopha]] Francica (*&nbsp;[[1909]]) * [[1944]] (vel [[25 Augusti]]) - [[Henricus Sławik]], rerum politicarum peritus et [[legatus]] [[Polonia|Polonicus]] necatus est a Nazistis. (*&nbsp;[[1894]]) * [[1950]] - [[Arturus Alessandri]], praeses Chiliae (*&nbsp;[[1868]]) * 1954 - [[Getulius Dornelles Vargas]], praeses Brasiliae (*&nbsp;[[1882]]) === Saeculo 21 === * 2013 - [[Iulia Harris]], actrix Americana (*&nbsp;[[1925]]) * [[2014]] - [[Ricardus Attenborough]], histrio et moderator cinematographicus Anglicus (*&nbsp;[[1923]]) * [[2016]] ** [[Henning Voscherau]], rerum politicarum peritus Germanicus (*&nbsp;[[1941]]) ** [[Gualterus Scheel]], [[praeses foederalis Germaniae]] (*&nbsp;[[1919]]) ** [[Rogerius Yonchien Tsien]], biologus [[Sinae|Sino]]-Americanus (*&nbsp;[[1952]]) * [[2026]] - [[Hideki Shirakawa]], chemicus [[Iaponia|Iaponicus]] (*&nbsp;[[1936]]) == Festa et Feriae == * Dies Libertatis ([[Ucraina]]) * Sanctus Bartholomaeus {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] 608wl6jl7r2myq2xo4f9foebcwvxelb Araceae 0 14881 3993233 3993094 2026-10-06T18:18:48Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 3993233 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | color = lightgreen | name = Araceae | image = Arum maculatum 0 700.jpg | image_width = 200px | image_caption = [[Arum maculatum]] | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Liliopsida]] | ordo = [[Alismatales]] | familia = '''Araceae''' | familia_authority = [[Antonius Laurentius de Jussieu|Juss.]] | subdivision_ranks = Subfamiliae | subdivision = * [[Aroideae]] * [[Calloideae]] * [[Gymnostachydoideae]] * [[Lasioideae]] * [[Lemnoideae]] * [[Monsteroideae]] * [[Orontioideae]] * [[Pothoideae]] }} '''Ăraceae''' sunt familia plantarum quae flores in [[spadix (botanice)|spadicibus]] ferunt. Araceae praecipuae sunt [[colocasia]], [[xanthosoma]], [[zantedeschia]], et [[anthurium]]. {{NexInt}} * ''[[Anthurium obovatum]]'' == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Araceae|araceas}} {{Fontes de plantis}} {{Biologia-stipula}} {{Myrias|Biologia}} [[Categoria:Ordines plantarum]] [[Categoria:Araceae|!]] [[Categoria:Taxa Jussieu]] rl3bzbhrb98v7lqa2idbujd9x2rcq5q Anime 0 15474 3993170 3986058 2026-10-06T13:14:15Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993170 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas}} [[Fasciculus:Wikipe-tan full length.png|thumb|[[Wikipedia:Wikipe-tan|Wikipe-tan]] ("Vicipaediola") est persona quae figuras tritas<!--stereotypos--> modo [[manga]]e et animis continet.]] [[Fasciculus:Hayao Miyazaki.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Hayao Miyazaki]], unus ex animatoribus celeberrimis, "deus animis" appellatus.]] [[Fasciculus:Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors-screeny.JPG|thumb|[[Othonographia]]<ref>Confer [[lingua neograeca|Neograecum]] vocabulum οθονογραφία</ref> ex [[Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors]] (1944), prima longioris taeniae pellicula animis.]] [[Fasciculus:Akihabara picture.jpg|thumb|[[Akihabara]] [[districtus]] [[Tocium|Tocii]] est locus sub[[cultura]]e [[otaku]]um in Iaponiā.]] '''Anime''' (animis, ''n.''; [[Iaponice]] [[:ja:アニメ|アニメ]], Anime; [[Anglice]] ''[[:en:Anime|anime]]''), quod est [[apocope|apocopata]] [[Vocabulum|vocabuli]] [[Lingua Anglica|Anglici]] ''animation'' [[pronuntiatio]] [[Lingua Iaponica|Iaponica]], [[ars animandi|animationem]] significat. Extra [[Iaponia]]m, hoc vocabulum vulgo animationem Iaponicam demonstrat. Definitio aliquando circumiectu variatur.<ref>Steven T. Brown, ''Cinema Anime'' (Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), 7.</ref> In civitatibus Anglice loquentibus, hoc nomen usitatissime ad [[ars animandi|nubeculas animatas]] Iaponicas spectat.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anime |title=anime - Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary |publisher=Merriam-webster.com |date=2010-08-13 |accessdate=2010-11-01}}</ref> Quamquam primum anime Iaponicum notum anno [[1917]] factum est, multaeque animationes Iaponicae decenniis sequentibus divulgatae sunt, proprius animis modus [[decennium 197|decennio 197]] evolutus est —insigniter in operibus [[Osamu Tezuka]]— et extra Iaponiam [[decennium 199|decennio 199]] latissime notus est. Anime, sicut [[manga]], magnam audientium frequentiam in Iaponiā et certam approbationem per orbem terrarum habet. Distributores anime per emissiones [[televisio|televisificas]], recte per taenias visificas vel per [[interrete]] et per [[theatrum]] divulgare possunt. Exempla animis manu aut [[animatio computatralis|computatro]] effecta fiunt. Anime in [[series televisifica|seriebus televisificis]], [[pellicula|pelliculis]], taeniis visificis, ludis computratalibus televisicisque, praeconiis mercatoriis, et divulgationibus [[interrete|interretialibus]] adhibetur atque plurima [[fictio]]nis [[genus (ars)|genera]] attingit. Cum commercium animis in Iaponiā cresceret, populi favorem in [[Asia Orientalis|Asiā Orientali]] et [[Asia Meridio-Orientalis|Asiā Meridio-Orientali]] consecutum est. == Terminologia == Iaponica verbum ''anime'' est abbreviatio ''animēshon'' (アニメーション), ab Anglica verbum ''animation'' mutuata, ad litteram "animationem" in Iaponica. == Historia == == Formati == == Genera == === Genera demographica === * {{nihongo|'''[[Josei]]'''|女性||ad verbum «mulier iuvenis»}}:: anime ad [[Mulier|mulieres]] [[Iuventus|iuvenes]] et adultas destinatum . Exempli gratia: ''[[Nana]]'', ''Nodame Cantabil'' * {{nihongo|'''[[Kodomo]]'''|子供||ad verbum «infans»}}: anime ad audientiam [[Puer|infantilem]] designatum. e.g: ''Doraemon'', ''[[Pokémon|Pocemon]]''. * {{nihongo|'''[[Seinen]]'''|青年||ad verbum «homo iuvenis»}}: Anime ad hominem [[Iuventus|iuvenes]] et adultos. e.g: ''Monster'', ''[[Berserkeri|Berserceri]]'', ''Gantz''. * {{nihongo|'''[[Shōjo]]'''|少女||ad verbum «puella»}}:: ad [[Puella|puellas]] [[Adulescentia|adolescentes]] destinatum. e.g: ''Sakura Venatrix Chartae Lusoriarum'' , ''Candy Candy'', ''[[Sailor Moon|Nauta Luna]]''. * {{nihongo|'''[[Shōnen]]'''|少年||ad verbum «puer generis masculini»}}:Ad pueros [[Adulescentia|adulescentes]] designatum. Exempli gratia: ''[[Saint Seiya|Sanctus Sēia (vel Equites Zodiaci)]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball|Sphaera Dragonis]]'', ''[[Death Note|Nota Mortis]]'', [[Naruto|''Narutus''.]] === Genera thematica === * ''[[Seinen]] — [[Josei|Jose]]''[[Josei|i]] ** Gekiga – fabula dramatica; ** ''Gore'', ''kyōfu'' vel ''horā – fabula sauvissimam'' [[Violentia|violentiam]], horrorem, terrorem depingit; ** ''Suriraa'' * ''Kodomo'' ** ''Aniparo'' ** [[Litterae phantasticae|Phantasia]] * ''Shōjo'' – ''josei'' ** ''Mahō shōjo'' ** Shōjo-ai (ad verbum «Amor inter mulieres») vel [[Yuri]]. [[Amor|amatoria]] [[narratio]] [[Lesbiana|lesbiana.]] e.g.: [[Citrus (Iaponicus liber nabeculatus)|Citrus]], [[Yagate Kimi ni Naru|Tandem Pars Mei Eris]], Utena Puella Revolutionis (Revolutionary Girl Utena), [[Strawberry Panic|Panicum Fragi]] ** ''Shōnen-ai vel Yaoi'' – [[Amor|amatoria]] narratio [[Homosexualitas|homosexualis]] ** ''Lolicon'' – narratio involvente venereum vel sexualem relationes cum impubes [[Puella|puellis]] ** ''Shotacon'' – narratio venereum vel sexualem relationes cum impubes [[Puer|pueris]] ** ''Ren'ai'' – subgenus amoris ** ''Romakome'' – subgenus quod [[Comoedia|comoediam]] et amorem miscet * Shōnen – seinen ** Fictio Scientifica ** [[Mecha]] ** Spokon ** Meitantei ** [[Phantasia (genus)|Phantasia]] ==Index operum anime== {{div col|cols=3}} * [[Ai Yori Aoshi]] * [[Akira]] * [[All Purpose Cultural Cat Girl Nuku Nuku]] * [[Amazing Nurse Nanako]] * [[Angel Beats!]] * [[Angel Sanctuary]] * [[Angelic Layer]] * [[Aquarian Age]] * [[Aquarium (anime)|Aquarium]] * [[Arc the Lad]] * [[Ashita no Nadja]] * [[Astro Boy]] * [[Azumanga Daioh]] * [[Battle Angel]] * [[Berserk]] * [[Beyblade]] * [[The Big O]] * [[Black Jack]] * [[Bleach]] * [[Blue Seed]] * [[Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo]] * [[Boys Be]] * [[B't X]] * [[Bubblegum Crisis]] * [[Burn Up]] * [[Candidate for Goddess]] * [[Captain Harlock]] * [[Captain Tsubasa]] * Cardcaptor Sakura (カードキャプターさくら) * [[Casshan]] * Chalybeus Alchymista (''Full Metal Alchemist'') * [[Chobits]] * [[Code Geass]] * [[Cinderella Boy]] * [[City Hunter]] * [[Citrus (Iaponicus liber nubeculatus)| Citrus]] * [[Corrector Yui]] * [[Cowboy Bebop]] * [[Crayon Shin-chan]] * [[Crying Freeman]] * [[Cutie Honey]] * [[Cyber Team in Akihabara]] * [[Cyborg 009]] * [[Dance in the vampire bund]] * [[Darkstalkers]] * [[Death Note]] * [[Di Gi Charat]] * [[Digimon]] * [[Dirty Pair]] * [[DNAngel]] * [[DNA2]] * [[Doraemon]] * [[Dragon Ball]] et "Dragon Ball Z" * [[Dr. Slump]] * [[Duel Masters]] * [[8 Man]] * [[Earth Girl Arjuna]] * [[Eat-Man]] * [[Elfen Lied]] * [[El-Hazard]] * [[Eureka Seven]] * [[Excel Saga]] * [[Fati Cauda]](''Fairy tail'') * [[Final Fantasy: Legend of the Crystals]] * [[Final Fantasy: Unlimited]] * [[Fist of the North Star]] * [[FLCL]] * [[Flame of Recca]] * [[Fruits Basket]] * [[Full Metal Panic]] * [[Full Moon]] * [[Fushigi Yūgi]] * [[Galaxy Angel]] * [[Galaxy Express 999]] * [[GALS!]] * [[Gantz]] * [[Gasaraki]] * [[Gate Keepers]] * [[Gatchaman]] * [[Geneshaft]] * [[GetBackers]] * [[Getter Robo]] * [[Ghost in the Shell]] * [[Ghost Stories]] * [[Golden Bat]] * [[GTO]] * [[Gundam]] * [[Gungrave]] * [[Gunsmith Cats]] * [[.hack]] * [[Hamtaro]] * [[Hand Maid May]] * [[Heat Guy J]] * [[Hello Kitty]] * [[Hellsing]] * [[Hikaru no Go]] * [[Hime-chan's Ribbon]] * [[Howl's Moving Castle]] * [[Hunter × Hunter]] * [[Hyakko]] * [[Ikki Tousen]] * [[Imber lupi]] (Wolf's Rain) * [[Infinite Ryvius]] * [[Initial D]] * [[InuYasha]] * [[Investigator Conan]] (Detective Conan) * [[The Irresponsible Captain Tylor]] * [[JoJo no Kimyō na Bōken]] * [[Judo Boy]] * [[K-on!]] * [[K-on!!]] * [[Kaichou wa Maid-sama!]] * [[Kaleido Star]] * [[Kare Kano]] * [[Kekko Kamen]] * [[King of Bandit Jing]] * [[Kiss x sis]] * [[The King of Fighters]] * [[Laputa]] * [[Last Exile]] * [[Love Hina]] * [[Love love]] * [[Lovely complex]] * [[Lucky☆Star]] * [[Lupin III]] * [[Maburaho]] * [[Macross]] * [[Macross/Robotech]] * [[Magic Knight Rayearth]] * [[Magical DoReMi]] * [[Magical Princess Minky Momo]] * [[魔法少女まどか☆マギカ|Mahō Shōjo Madoka Magika]] * [[Mahoromatic]] * [[Maison Ikkoku]] * [[Marmalade Boy]] * [[Martian Sucessor Nadesico]] * Maze * [[Mazinger Z]] * [[Medabots]] * [[Megaman]] * [[Mermaid Melody Pichi Pichi Pitch]] * Metropolis * [[Monkey Typhoon]] * [[Monster Rancher]] * [[Motto To Love-ru]] * [[Mouse]] * [[My Hero Academia]] * [[Nadia: The Secret of Blue Water]] * [[Naruto]] * [[Negima!]] * [[Neon Genesis Evangelion]] * [[Nightwalker]] * [[Noir]] * [[Nurse Witch Komugi]] * [[Oh My Goddess!]] * [[Ojamajo Doremi]] * [[Omishi Magical Theater: Risky Safety]] * [[One Piece]] * [[Outlaw Star]] * [[Paranoia Agent]] * [[Pet Shop of Horrors]] * [[Phoenix (manga)]] * [[Pitaten]] * [[Planetes]] * [[Please Save My Earth]] * [[Please Teacher!]] * [[Please Twins!]] * [[PoPoLoCrois]] * [[Porco Rosso]] * [[Princess Knight]] * [[Princess Mononoke]] * [[Princess Tutu]] * [[Pokémon]] * [[Ragnarok]] * [[Ranma ½]] * [[Rave Master]] * [[Record of Lodoss War]] * [[Revolutionary Girl Utena]] * [[RG Veda]] * [[Robotech]] * [[Ronin Warriors]] * [[Rune Soldier]] * [[Saber Marionette]] * [[Saikano]] * [[Sailor Moon]] * [[Saint Seiya]] * [[Saint Tail]] * [[Saiyuki]] * Sakura Wars (''Sakura Taisen'') ab Ohji Hiroi et [[Satoru Akahori]] creatum * [[Samurai Showdown]] * [[Samurai Deeper Kyo]] * [[Samurai 7]] * Samurai X / Rurouni Kenshin * [[School days]] * [[Scryed]] * [[Serial Experiments Lain]] * [[Sexy Commando Gaiden: Sugoiyo! Masaru-san]] * [[Shamanic Princess]] * [[Shaman King]] * [[Sherlock Hound]] * [[Shin Getter Robo vs Neo Getter Robo]] * [[Shinzo]] * [[Shurato]] * [[Silent Möbius]] * [[Sister Princess (anime)]] * [[Slam Dunk (manga)]] * [[Slayers]] * [[Sol Bianca]] * [[Sonic the Hedgehog]] * [[Sora no Otoshimono]] * [[Sora no Otoshimono: Forte]] * [[Sorcerer Hunters]] * [[Sorcerous Stabber Orphen]] * [[Soul Eater]] * [[Soul Hunter]] * [[Space Ace]] * [[Speed Racer]] * [[Steam Detectives]] * [[Steel Angel Kurumi]] * [[Steins;Gate]] * [[Stellvia of the Universe]] * [[Stratos 4]] * [[The Super Dimension Fortress Macross]] * [[Super Doll★Licca-chan]] * [[Samurai Champloo]] * [[Samurai Deeper Kyo]] * [[Samurai Pizza Cats]] * [[Sen to Chihiro no Kamikakushi]] * [[Super Mario Bros.]] * [[Super Pig]] * [[Super Robot]] * [[Superbook]] * [[Special A]] * [[Tekkaman]] * [[Tenjho Tenge]] * [[The King of Braves GaoGaiGar]] * [[The Prince of Tennis]] * [[The Rose of Versailles]] * [[The Super Dimension Cavalry Southern Cross]] * [[The Super Milk-chan Show]] * [[3x3 Eyes]] * [[Those Who Hunt Elves]] * [[ToHeart]] * [[Tonari no Totoro]] * [[Transformers: Armada]] * [[Transformers: Cybertron]] * [[Transformers: Energon]] * [[Transformers: Robots in Disguise]] * [[Transformers: Super-God Masterforce]] * [[Transformers: Victory]] * [[Trouble Chocolate]] * [[The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya]] * [[The Vision of Escaflowne]] * [[Tenchi Muyo!]] * [[Tsubasa: RESERVoir CHRoNiCLE]] * [[Tsukihime]] * [[Turn A Gundam]] * [[ToHeart]] * [[Tokyo Mew Mew]] * [[To Love-ru]] * [[Transformers]] * [[Trigun]] * [[The Vision of Escaflowne]] * [[UFO Baby]] * [[Ultimate Girls]] * [[Ultimate Muscle]] * [[Ultra Maniac]] * [[Urusei Yatsura]] * [[Ushio and Tora]] * [[Vampire Princess Miyu]] * [[Vandread]] * [[Vicky the Viking]] * [[Video Girl Ai]] * [[Viewtiful Joe]] * [[Violinist of Hamelin]] * [[Wedding Peach]] * [[Weiss Kreuz]] * [[Yagate Kimi ni Naru]] * [[You Are Under Arrest]] * Yu-Gi-Oh! (vide [[Yu-Gi-Oh! (chartarum ludus)]]) * [[YuYu Hakusho]] * [[Zillion]] * [[Zoids]] {{div col end}} {{NexInt}} {{div col|2}} *[[Cosplay]] *[[Crossplay]] *[[Kigurumi]] *[[Liber artis]] *[[Liber nubeculatus]] *[[Manga]] *[[Nubecula]] *[[Otacus]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Baricordi, Andrea. [[1991]]. ''Anime: Guida al cinema di animazione giapponese.'' Bononiae: Granata Press. ISBN 88-7248-014-0. *Benecchi, Eleonora. [[2005]]. ''Anime: Cartoni con l'anima.'' Bononiae: Hybris. ISBN 88-8372-261-2. *Brown, Steven T., ed. [[2006]]. ''Cinema Anime.' 'Novi Eboraci: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-60621-0.'' *Castellazzi, Davide. [[1999]]. ''Animeland: Viaggio tra i cartoni made in Japan.'' Florentiae: Tarab. ISBN 88-86675-50-X. *Castelli, Alfredo, et Gianni Bono, eds. [[1983]]. ''IF – Orfani e Robot, n. 5-8.'' Mediolani: Epierre. *Cavallaro, Dani. [[2007]]. ''Anime Intersections: Tradition and Innovation in Theme and Technique.'' Jefferson, McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-3234-9. *Clements, Jonathan, et Helen McCarthy. [[2001]], [[2006]]. ''The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917.'' Berkleiae: Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 1-880656-64-7, ISBN 1-933330-10-4. *Deutsches Filminstitut et Deutsches Filmmuseum & Museum für angewandte Kunst, ed. [[2008]]. ''ga-netchû! Das Manga Anime Syndrom.'' Henschel Verlag. ISBN 978-3-89487-607-4. *Drazen, Patrick. [[2002]]. ''Anime Explosion! The What? Why? & Wow! of Japanese Animation.'' Berkleiae: Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 1-880656-72-8. *Fontana, Andrea, et Davide Tarò, eds. [[2007]]. ''Anime: Storia dell'animazione giapponese 1984-2007.'' Piombino: Il Foglio. ISBN 978-88-7606-160-8. *Francato, Fabrizio. [[1997]]. ''Fenomeno Anime: Guida all'animazione nipponica.'' Pavia: Rock'n'Comics. *Fratta, Gianluca di. ed. [[2007]]. ''Robot: Fenomenologia dei giganti di ferro giapponesi.'' San Nicola La Strada: L'Aperia. ISBN 978-88-87638-12-7. *Ghilardi, Marcello. [[2003]]. ''Cuore e acciaio: Estetica dell'animazione giapponese. Padova: Esedra. ISBN 88-86413-65-3.'' *Gomarasca, Alessandro. [[2001]]. ''La bambola e il robottone. Culture pop nel Giappone contemporaneo.'' Turini: Einaudi. ISBN 88-06-15959-3. *Gosling, John. [[1996]]. ''Anime in Europe.'' Animation World Network, 1996. *Lent, John. [[2001]]. ''Animation in Asia and the Pacific.'' Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-34035-7. *Levi, Antonia. [[1996]]. ''Samurai from Outer Space: Understanding Japanese Animation.'' Sicagi: Open Court. ISBN 0-8126-9332-9. *MacWilliams, Mark W., ed. [[2008]]. ''Japanese Visual Culture: Explorations in the World of Manga and Anime.'' Novi Eboraci: M. E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-0-7656-1602-9. *Marcovitz, Hal. [[2008]]. ''Anime.'' Gale. ISBN 978-1-59018-995-5. *Martínez, D. Gender, ed. [[1998]]. ''Shifting Boundaries and Global Cultures: The Worlds of Japanese Popular Culture.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-63128-9. *Martini, Alessia. [[2004]] ''I robottoni dalle corna di Go Nagai.'' Piombino: Il Foglio. ISBN 88-7606-042-1. *Mognato, Arianna. [[1999]]. ''Super Robot Anime. Eroi e robot da Mazinga Z a Evangelion.'' Mediolani: Yamato Video. *Murakami, Saburo. [[1998]]. ''Anime in TV: Storia dei cartoni animati giapponesi prodotti per la televisione.'' Mediolani: Yamato Video. *Napier, Susan J. [[2005]]. ''ANIME: From Akira to Howl's Moving Castle. Novi Eboraci: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 1-4039-7052-1.'' *Ozawa, Tadasho. ''Como dibujar anime.'' Norma Editorial. ISBN 84-8431-453-7. *Patten, Fred. [[2004]]. ''Watching Anime, Reading Manga: 25 Years of Essays and Reviews. Berkeleiae: Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 1-880656-92-2.'' *Pellitteri, Marco. [[2002]]. ''Mazinga Nostalgia: Storia, valori e linguaggi della Goldrake-generation.'' II. Romae: King. ISBN 88-88678-01-8. *Pellitteri, Marco. [[2008]]. ''Il drago e la saetta: modelli, strategie e identità dell'immaginario giapponese.'' Latina, Tunué. ISBN 978-88-89613-35-1. *Poitras, Gilles. [[1998]]. ''The Anime Companion: What’s Japanese in Japanese Animation?'' Berkleiae: Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 1-880656-32-9. *Ponticiello, Roberta, et Susanna Scrivo, eds. [[2005]]. ''Con gli occhi a mandorla: Sguardi sul Giappone dei cartoon e dei fumetti.'' Città: Tunué. ISBN 88-89613-08-4. *Posocco, Cristian. [[2005]]. ''Manga Art.'' Mediolani: Costa & Nolan. ISBN 88-7437-013-X. *Prandoni, Francesco. [[1999]]. ''Anime al cinema. Storia del cinema di animazione giapponese 1917-1995.'' Mediolani: Yamato Video. *Raffaelli, Luca. [[2005]]. ''Le anime disegnate: Il pensiero nei cartoon da Disney ai giapponesi e oltre.'' II. Romae: Minimum Fax. ISBN 88-7521-067-5. *Richmond, Simon. [[2009]]. ''The Rough Guide to Anime: Japan's Finest from Ghibli to Gankutsuō.'' Novi Eboraci: Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-85828-205-3. *Schodt, Frederik L. [[1996]]. ''Dreamland Japan: Writings on Modern Manga.'' Berkeleiae: Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 188065623X. *Schodt, Frederik L. [[1997]]. ''Manga! Manga! The World of Japanese Comics.'' Ed. 2a. Tocione: Kodansha International. ISBN 0870117521. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Anime}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070202154328/http://anime.org.ua/ Situs publicus] apud anime.org.ua * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070206212025/http://anime-ua.com/ Situs publicus] apud anime-ua.com * [http://forum.anime.org.ua/ Situs publicus]{{Nexus deficit|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} apud forum.anime.org.ua * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070208032550/http://kawaii.anime.org.ua/ Situs publicus] apud kawaii.anime.org.ua * [http://myanimetop.com/ Situs publicus] apud myanimetop.com * [http://www.genvid.com/diesgaudii/latin/vaem.html Vocabula anime et manga,]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} apud www.genvid.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210711073930/http://www.lovelyanime.com/ Watch Anime Online,] apud www.lovelyanime.com [[Categoria:Anime|!]] [[Categoria:Inventiones Iaponiae]] {{Myrias|Ars}} 45rt3t521tjzbkc484trm6lokw9xusc Dictatus papae 0 17508 3993158 3079202 2026-10-06T12:21:15Z Stultule17 215645 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 3993158 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Dictatus Papae complete.jpg|thumb|''Dictatus papae'' (Tabularium Vaticani)]] '''Dictatus papae''' est decretum quod auctoritatem paparum firmavit. Dictatus a [[papa]] [[Gregorius VII|Gregorio VII]] anno [[1075]] nuntiatum est. [[Historicus|Historici]] nesciunt an non Gregorius ipse Dictatum scripserit. Dictatus statuit: # Quod Romana ecclesia a solo Domino sit fundata. # Quod solus Romanus pontifex iure dicatur universalis. # Quod ille solus possit deponere episcopos vel reconciliare. # Quod legatus eius omnibus [[Episcopus|episcopis]] presit in concilio etiam inferioris gradus et adversus eos sententia depositionis possit dare. # Quod absentes papa possit deponere. # Quod cum excommunicatis ab illo inter cetera nec in eadem domo debemus manere. # Quod illi soli licet pro temporis necessitate novas leges condere, novas plebes congregare, de canonica abbatiam facere et e contra, divitem episcopatum dividere et inopes unire. # Quod solus possit uti imperialibus insigniis. # Quos solius pape pedes omnes principes deosculentur. # Quod illius solius nomen in ecclesiis recitetur. # Quod hoc unicum est nomen in mundo. # Quod illi liceat imperatores deponere. # Quod illi liceat de sede ad sedem necessitate cogente episcopos transmutare. # Quod de omni ecclesia quocunque voluerit clericum valeat ordinare. # Quod ab illo ordinatus alii ecclesie preesse potest, sed non militare; et quod ab aliquo episcopo non debet superiorem gradum accipere. # Quod nulla [[synodus]] absque precepto eius debet generalis vocari. # Quod nullum capitulum nullusque liber canonicus habeatur absque illius auctoritate. # Quod sententia illius a nullo debeat retractari et ipse omnium solus retractare possit. # Quod a nemine ipse iudicari debeat. # Quod nullus audeat condemnare apostolicam sedem appellantem. # Quod maiores cause cuiuscunque ecclesie ad eam referri debeant. # Quod Romana ecclesia nunquam erravit nec imperpetuum scriptura testante errabit. # Quod Romanus pontifex, si canonice fuerit ordinatus, meritis beati Petri indubitanter effecitur sanctus testante sancto Ennodio Papiensi episcopo ei multis sanctis patribus faventibus, sicut in decretis beati Symachi pape continetur. # Quod illius precepto et licentia subiectis liceat accusare. # Quod absque synodali conventu possit episcopos deponere et reconciliare. # Quod [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|catholicus]] non habeatur, qui non concordat Romane ecclesie. # Quod a fidelitate iniquorum subiectos potest absolvere. [[Categoria:Ecclesia Catholica]] c2ctp8lppj00g682v24x66hau3aet7m Drenthia 0 26890 3993150 3920597 2026-10-06T12:07:25Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993150 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} {{res|Drenthia}}<ref>{{Graesse}}</ref> est provincia in [[civitas|civitate]] [[Nederlandia]] septentrionali. Caput Drenthiae est [[Assen]], quod etiam est maxima urbs. Urbes aliae sunt [[Emmen]], [[Hoogeveen]], [[Meppel]] et [[Covordia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Batavice]] ''Coevorden''). Limen Drenthia ad [[septentriones]] cum provincia [[Groninga (provincia)|Groningae]], ad [[meridies (pars caeli)|meridiem]] cum provincia [[Transisalania]]e et ad [[occidens|occidentem]] cum [[Frisia (provincia)|Frisia]] habet. == Historia == Drenthia incolita est a Neolithicum. Drenthiam vix scripsit ante [[saeculum 13|saeculum tertium decimum]]. In [[medium aevum|medio aevo]] historia Drenthiae seditioni inter comites [[Covordia]]nos<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> et [[Archidioecesis Ultraiectensis|Archidiocesem Ultraiectentem]] praeumbratur, cuius climax fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|pugna ad Ane||d|en|qid=Q2214882}} anno [[1227]]. Drenthibus victis conventus Maria-in-Campis prope [[Covordia]]m<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Batavice]] ''Coevorden'') aedificandus fuit. == Notae == <references/> {{NexInt}} * [[Lingua Drenthica]] * [[Assen]] * [[Schoonebeek]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Drenthe|Drenthiam}} * [http://www.drenthe.nl Pagina interretialis officialis] {{Ling|Batave|Drenthice|Theodisce|Anglice|Francogallice}} {{ProvinciaeNederlandicae}} [[Categoria:Provinciae Nederlandicae]] lzq9gu1q8zbqieaoh416xqv07d0w4yy Maximilianus Weber 0 35334 3993259 3978056 2026-10-06T20:27:34Z Pippobuono 54500 /* Bibliographia */ nexus 3993259 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Max and Marianne Weber 1894.jpg|thumb|Maximilianus et uxor Marianna (1894)]] '''Maximilianus Carolus Aemilius Weber''' (natus die [[21 Aprilis]] [[1864]] et mortuus die [[14 Iunii]] [[1920]] causa [[morbus Hispanicus|morbi Hispanico]]) fuit [[sociologia|sociologus]], [[philosophia|philosophus]], et [[oeconomia politica|oeconomiae politicae]] [[scriptor]] [[Germania|Germanicus]], qui [[theoria socialis|theoriam socialem]], [[investigatio socialis|investigationem socialem]], et disciplinam sociologiae ipsius penitus movit.<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/638565/Max-Weber Britannica.com "Max Weber,"] ''Encyclopædia Britannica,'' Encyclopædia Britannica Online, [[20 Aprilis]] [[2009]].</ref> Weber [[antipositivismus|antipositivismum methodologicum]] posuit, sociologiam repraesentans campum [[empiricismus|nonempiricum]], cui necesse est [[actio socialis|actioni sociali]] studere per [[Verstehen|rationes interpretivas]] in intellegendis significationibus et consiliis conditas, quae [[homo|homines]] singuli actionibus tribuunt suis. Weber, cum [[Aemilius Durkheim|Aemilio Durkheim]] et [[Carolus Marx|Carolo Marx]], [[unus]] ex [[tres|tribus]] principalibus [[scientia socialis|scientiae socialis]] hodiernae [[architectura|architectis]] saepe habetur.<ref>Joachim Radkau, ''Max Weber: A Biography,'' conv. Patrick Camiller (Polity Press, 2009), ISBN 978-0-7456-4147-8.</ref> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> {{Pars vicificanda}} == Bibliographia == ;[[Anglice]]<!--ex en, nisi aliter dictus--> * [[David Beetham|Beetham, David]]. [[1985]]. ''Max Weber and the theory of modern politics.'' Cantabrigiae: Polity Press,<!--ex pt (non in en)--> * {{cite book |last=Bruun |first=Hans Henrik |authorlink=Hans Henrik Reventlow Bruun |year=[[2007]] |url=http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0754645290|title=Science, values, and politics in Max Weber's methodology |location=Aldershot, Ashgate |page=298 |series=Rethinking classical sociology.}} * Diggins, John Patrick. 1996. ''Max Weber: politics and the spirit of tragedy.'' Novi Eboraci: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-465-01750-9 * {{cite book |editor-last=Green |editor-first=Robert |year=[[1959]] |edition= |title=Problems in European Civilization, Protestantism and Capitalism: The Weber Thesis and Its Critics |location=Boston |publisher=Heath}} * {{cite book | last = Haidenko | first = Piama | authormask = | authorlink = | coauthors = Translated by H. Campbell Creighton, M.A. (Oxon.) | firstn = | lastn = | authorn-link = | editor-first = Igor | editor-last= Kon | editor-link = Igor Kon | others = | title = A History of Classical Sociology| url = http://su-ltd.mylivepage.ru/file/2715/6547_Kon_History_of_Classical_Sociology.zip | archiveurl = | archivedate = | format = DOC, DjVu | accessdate = | type = | edition = | series = | volume = | date = | year = [[1989]] | month = | publisher = Progress Publishers | location = Moscuae | isbn = 5-01-001102-6 | oclc = | doi = | bibcode = | page = | pages = 255–311 | nopp = | chapter = The Sociology of Max Weber| chapterurl = | ref = }} * {{cite book | last1 = Korotayev | first1 = Andrey | authormask = | authorlink = Andrey Korotayev | first2 = A. | last2 = Malkov | first3 = D. | last3 = Khaltourina | authorn-link = | editor = | editorn-last = | editorn-first = | editor-link = | editorn-link = | others = | title = Introduction to Social Macrodynamics| url = http://books.google.com/?id=tyoryrjrzUMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=isbn:5484004144#v=onepage&q&f=false | archiveurl = | archivedate = | format = Google Books | accessdate = | type = | edition = | series = | volume = | date = | year = [[2006]] | month = | publisher = Editorial URSS | location = Moscuae | isbn = 5-484-00414-4 | oclc = | doi = | bibcode = | page = | pages = | nopp = | chapter = Chapter 6: Reconsidering Weber: Literacy and "the Spirit of Capitalism"| chapterurl = | ref = }}<!--etiam +it--> * {{cite book |last=Mitzman |first=Arthur |origyear= |year=[[1970]], [[1985]] |title=The Iron Cage: An Historical Interpretation of Max Weber |url=https://archive.org/details/ironcagehistoric0000mitz |location=New Brunswick Novae Caesareae|publisher=Transaction Books |isbn=0-87855-984-1}} * [[Wolfgang J. Mommsen|Mommsen, Wolfgang J.]] [[1988]]. ''Max Weber and his contemporaries.'' Londinii: Unwin Hyman.<!--ex pt (non in en)--> * Quensel, Bernhard K. (2007). ''Max Webers Konstruktionslogik. Sozialökonomik zwischen Geschichte und Theorie'', Nomos, ISBN 978-3-8329-2517-8. * [[Ioachim Radkau|Radkau, Joachim]]. [[2005]]. ''Max Weber: A Biography.'' Conversus a Patrick Camiller. Polity Press. ISBN 978-0-7456-4147-8.<!--etiam +it--><!--Most important bio on M.W.'s life since Marianne Weber--> * Ringer, Fritz. [[2004]]. ''Max Weber: An intellectual biography.'' Sicagi.<!--etiam +de +fr +pt--> * {{cite book |editor-last=Ritzer |editor-first=George |authorlink=George Ritzer |year=[[1996]] |chapter=Sociological Theory |edition=4a |title=Max Weber |url=https://archive.org/details/sociologicaltheo0000geor |location=Novi Eboraci |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=0-07-114660-1}} * Scaff, Lawrence A. [[2011]]. ''Max Weber in America.'' Princetoniae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-14779-6.<!--etiam +de +fr +pt--> * Shils, Edward, et Max Rheinstein. [[1964]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=pSdaNuIaUUEC&pg=PR27&lpg=PR27&dq=Edward+Shils+and+Max+Rheinstein,+(1964)+Max+Weber+on+Law+in+Economy+and+Society,+pages&source=bl&ots=Up5ckNzLwq&sig=nD0tMVsKjXyX0Ss5A0mq9kgSQgs&hl=en&ei=iydISovAH5XYNpKA9Z4B&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2on ''Max Weber: Law in Economy and Society.''] Cantabrigiae, Massachusettae: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-55651-8; ISBN 0-674-55651-8; ISBN 978-0-674-55651-5. * {{cite book |editor-last=Swatos |editor-first=William H. |year=[[1990]] |title=Time, Place, and Circumstance: Neo-Weberian Studies in Comparative Religious History |url=https://archive.org/details/timeplacecircums0000unse |location=Novi Eboraci |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=0-313-26892-4}}<!--etiam +it--> * {{cite book |last=Swedberg |first=Richard |authorlink=Ricardus Swedberg |year=[[1998]] |title=Max Weber and the Idea of Economic Sociology |url=https://archive.org/details/maxweberideaofec0000rich |location=Princeton |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=0-691-07013-X}}<!--etiam +it--> * {{cite journal |last=Swedberg |first=Richard |url=http://articles.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0254/is_4_58/ai_58496750 |title=Max Weber as an Economist and as a Sociologist |journal=American Journal of Economics and Sociology |month=October |year=[[1999]]}}<!--etiam +it--> * Turner, Stephen P. [[1994]]. ''Max Weber: the lawyer as social thinker.'' Londinii: Routledge.<!--ex pt (non in en)--> * {{cite book |last=Weber |first=Marianne |authorlink=Marianne Weber |origyear=1926 |year=[[1926]], [[1988]] |title=Max Weber: A Biography |location=New Brunswick |publisher=Transaction Books |isbn=0-471-92333-8}}<!--etiam +it--> ;[[Francice]]<!--ex fr, nisi aliter dictus--> * {{cite book |last=Ankerl |first=Guy |authorlink=Guy Ankerl |year=[[1972]] |title=Sociologues allemands: Avec le dictionnaire de "l'Ethique protestante et l'esprit du capitalisme" de Max Weber |location=Neuchâtel: |publisher=A la Baconnière. |language=Francice}}<!-- ex en --> * [[Raymondus Aron|Aron, Raymond]]. [[1967]]. ''Les Étapes de la pensée sociologique.'' Gallimard. * Aron, Raymond. [[2007]]. ''La Sociologie allemande contemporaine.'' PUF. * [[Catherina Colliot-Thélène|Colliot-Thélène, Catherine]]. [[1990]]. ''Max Weber et l'histoire.'' PUF. * [[Catherina Colliot-Thélène|Colliot-Thélène, Catherine]]. [[2001]]. ''Études wébériennes.'' PUF. * [[Catherina Colliot-Thélène|Colliot-Thélène, Catherine]]. [[2006]]. ''Sociologie de Max Weber.'' La Découverte. * [[Annetta Disselkamp|Disselkamp, Annette]]. [[1994]]. ''L’Ethique protestante de Max Weber.'' PUF. * [[Iulianus Freund|Fruend, Julien]]. [[1990]]. ''Etudes sur Max Weber.'' Genavae: Droz.<!--ex pt (non in fr)--> * [[Iulianus Freund|Fruend, Julien]]. [[1966]]. ''Sociologie de Max Weber.'' PUF. * [[Dirk Kaesler|Kaesler, Dirk]]. [[1996]]. ''Max Weber: Sa vie, son œuvre, son influence.'' Fayard. * Hennis, Wilhelm. [[1996]]. ''La Problématique de Max Weber.'' PUF. ISBN 2-13-046650-8. ;[[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanice]] * Breuer, Stefan. [[1996]]. ''Burocracia y carisma: la sociología política de Max Weber.'' Valentiae: Edicions Alfons El Magnànim.<!--ex pt (non in es)--> * Fariñas Dulce, María José. [[1991]]. ''La sociología del derecho de Max Weber.'' Matriti: Civitas,<!--ex pt (non in es)--> * [[Antonius Giddens|Giddens, Anthony]]. [[1998]]. ''El capitalismo y la moderna teoría social: un análisis de los escritos de Marx, Durkheim y Max Weber.'' Barcinonae: Idea Books, 1998.<!--ex pt (non in es)--> * Rabotnikof, Nora. [[1989]]. ''Max Weber: desencanto, política y democracia.'' Mexicopole: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.<!--ex pt (non in es)--> * Rodríguez Martínez, Javier. [[2005]]. ''En el centenario de La ética protestante y el espíritu del capitalismo.'' Matriti: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas.<!--ex pt (non in es)--> * Zabludovsky, Gina. [[2009]]. ''Intelectuales y burocracia: vigencia de Max Weber.'' Barcinonae: Rubí.<!--ex pt (non in es)--> * Zamora, Paula. [[2006]]. ''Aproximación a la figura y obra de Max Weber.'' Matriti: Compañía Española de Reprografía y Servicios S.A.<!--ex pt (non in es)--> ;[[Lingua Italiana|Italice]]<!--ex it, nisi aliter dictus--> * Beetham, David. [[1989]]. ''La teoria politica di Max Weber,'' Bononiae: Il Mulino. * Ferraresi, Furio. [[2003]]. ''Il fantasma della comunità: Concetti politici e scienza sociale in Max Weber.'' Mediolani: Franco Angeli. * Fotino, Massimo, et Marta Losito. [[1983]]. ''La ricezione di Max Weber in Italia: ricerca bibliografica.'' Annali dell'Istituto storico italo - germanico in Trento, 9. Bononiae: Il Mulino. * [[Realinus Marra|Marra, Realino]]. [[1992]]. ''Dalla comunità al diritto moderno: La formazione giuridica di Max Weber: 1882-1889, Giappichelli.'' Augustae Taurinorum.<!--ex de +en +fr +pt--> * [[Realinus Marra|Marra, Realino]]. [[1995]]. ''La libertà degli ultimi uomini: Studi sul pensiero giuridico e politico di Max Weber.'' Augustae Taurinorum: Giappichelli.<!--ex en +fr--> * [[Realinus Marra|Marra, Realino]]. [[2002]]. ''Capitalismo e anticapitalismo in Max Weber: Storia di Roma e sociologia del diritto nella genesi dell’opera weberiana.'' Bononiae: Il Mulino.<!--ex de +en +fr +pt--> * [[Realinus Marra|Marra, Realino]]. [[2006]]. ''La religione dei diritti. Durkheim - Jellinek - Weber.'' Augustae Taurinorum: Giappichelli. * Tuccari, Francesco. [[1991]]. ''Carisma e leadership nel pensiero di Max Weber.'' Mediolani: Franco Angeli. * Tuccari, Francesco. [[1993]]. ''I dilemmi della democrazia moderna: Max Weber e Robert Michels.'' Romae-Bari: Laterza. ;[[Lingua Lusitana|Portugallice]] * Cabrera Varela, Xulio. [[1990]]. ''O combate dos deuses: unha introducción a Max Weber.'' Vigo, Xerais de Galicia, D.L. * Mata, Sérgio da. [[2011]]. [http://www.ichs.ufop.br/rhh/index.php/revista/article/view/234 Anos de aprendizagem de um jurista formado 'numa perspectiva histórica': Max Weber e o historicismo.]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''História da Historiografia'' 6:64-80. * Sell, Carlos Eduardo. [[2002]]. ''Sociologia clássica: Marx, Durkheim e Weber.'' Itajaí, UNIVALI. ;[[Lingua Russica|Russice]] * Арон, Р. [[1992]]. ''Этапы развития социологической мысли / Общ.ред. и предисл. П. С. Гуревича.'' Издательская группа «Прогресс» — «Политика». * Вебер, Марианна. [[2007]]. ''Жизнь и творчество Макса Вебера.'' РОССПЭН. * Гайденко, П. П., et Ю. Н. Давыдов. [[1991]]. ''История и рациональность: Социология Макса Вебера и веберовский ренессанс.'' * Гайденко, П. П. [[1979]]. ''Социология Макса Вебера.'' История буржуазной социологии XIX — начала XX века. Под ред. [[Кон, Игорь Семёнович|И.С. Кона]]. Утверждено к печати Институтом социологических исследований АН СССР. * Давыдов, Ю. Н. [[1998]]. ''Макс Вебер и современная теоретическая социология: Актуальные проблемы вебер. социологического учения.'' Мартис. * Кравченко, Е. И. [[2002]]. ''Макс Вебер.'' Весь Мир. Series Весь мир знаний. ISBN 5-7777-0196-5. * Льюис, Дж. [[1981]]. ''Марксистская критика социологических концепций Макса Вебера.'' ;[[Theodisce]]<!--ex de, nisi aliter dictus--> [[Fasciculus:Die protestantische Ethik und der 'Geist' des Kapitalismus original cover.jpg|thumb|Operimentum editionis primae [[liber|libri]] ''Ethica Protestans et Spiritus Capitalismi'' ([[1904]]).]] * Ay, Karl-Ludwig, et Knut Borchardt. [[2006]]. ''Das Faszinosum Max Weber: Die Geschichte seiner Geltung.'' Constantiae: UVK. ISBN=3-89669-605-X. * Eisermann, Gottfried. [[1993]]. ''Max Weber und die Nationalökonomie.'' Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Nationalökonomie, vol. 4, ed. Birger P. Priddat. Marburg: Metropolis Verlag. ISBN=3-926570-13-X. * Fügen, Hans N. [[2000]]. ''Max Weber: Mit Selbstzeugnissen und Bilddokumenten.'' Reinbek: Rowohlt Verlag. ISBN 3-499-50216-X. * Giesing, Benedikt. [[2002]]. ''Religion und Gemeinschaftsbildung: Max Webers kulturvergleichende Theorie.'' Opladen. ISBN 3-8100-3673-0.<!--etiam +fr--> * Heins, Volker. [[2010]]. ''Max Weber zur Einführung.'' Ed. 4a. Junius Hamberg. ISBN 978-3-88506-390-2. * [[Gulielmus Hennis|Hennis, Wilhelm]]. [[1987]]. ''Max Webers Fragestellung: Studien zur Biographie des Werks.'' Tubingae.<!--etiam +pt--> * Henrich, Dieter. [[1952]]. ''Die Einheit der Wissenschaftslehre Max Webers.'' Tubingae.<!--etiam +fr--> * [[Carolus Jaspers|Jaspers, Karl]]. [[1988]]. ''Max Weber: Gesammelte Schriften.'' Monaci: Piper Verlag. ISBN 3-492-10799-0.<!--etiam +fr--> * [[Dirk Kaesler|Kaesler, Dirk]]. [[2003]]. ''Max Weber: Eine Einführung in Leben, Werk und Wirkung.'' Ed. 3a. Francofurti: Campus Verlag. ISBN 3-593-37360-2.<!--etiam +pt--> * [[Dirk Kaesler|Kaesler, Dirk]], ed. [[2006]]. ''Max Weber: Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus. Vollständige Ausgabe.'' Ed. 2a. Monaci: C. H. Beck Verlag. ISBN 978-3-406-51133-2.<!--etiam +fr--> * [[Dirk Kaesler|Kaesler, Dirk]]. [[2011]]. ''Max Weber.'' C. H. Beck Wissen, 2726. Monaci: C. H. Beck Verlag. ISBN 978-3-406-62249-6. * Kruse, Volker, et Uwe Barrelmeyer. [[2012]]. ''Max Weber: Eine Einführung.'' Stutgartiae: UVK/UTB. ISBN 3-8252-3637-4. * [[Nicolaus Lichtblau|Lichtblau, Klaus]]. [[2006]]. ''Max Webers Grundbegriffe.'' Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. ISBN 3-531-14810-9.<!--etiam +fr--> * [[Nicolaus Lichtblau|Lichtblau, Klaus]], et [[Ioannes Weiß (sociologia)|Johannes Weiß]], eds. [[1993]]. ''Max Weber: Die protestantische Ethik und der 'Geist' des Kapitalismus.'' Neue Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek. Villae Bodonis: Athenäum et Hain-Hanstein. ISBN 3-8257-4771-9.<!--etiam +fr--> * [[Carolus Löwith|Löwith, Karl]]. [[1981]]–[[1988]]. ''Max Weber und Karl Marx.'' In 'Sämtliche Schriften, vol. 5, ed. Klaus Stichweh, Marc B. de Launay, Bernd Lutz, et [[Henning Ritter]]. Stutgartiae: Metzler.<!--etiam +fr--> * [[Carolus Löwith|Löwith, Karl]]. [[1988]]. ''Hegel und die Aufhebung der Philosophie im 19. Jahrhundert: Max Weber.'' Stutgartiae: Metzler.<!--ex pt (non in de)--> * Luhmann, Niklas. [[1964]]. Zweck – Herrschaft – System: Grundbegriffe und Prämissen Max Webers. ''Der Staat'' 3:129–158.<!--etiam +fr--> * [[Petrus Ulricus Merz-Benz|Merz-Benz, Peter-Ulrich]]. [[2008]]. ''Max Weber und Heinrich Rickert: Die erkenntnistheoretischen Grundlagen der verstehenden Soziologie.'' Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * Mommsen, Wolfgang J. [[1972]]. Max Weber. In ''Deutsche Historiker,'' ed. Hans-Ulrich Wehler, vol. 3. Gottingae: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht. * Mommsen, Wolfgang J. [[1959]], [[1974]]. ''Max Weber und die deutsche Politik 1890-1920.'' Ed. 2a. Tubingae: Mohr Siebeck.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * Mommsen, Wolfgang J. [[1982]]. ''Max Weber: Gesellschaft, Politik und Geschichte.'' Francofurti: Suhrkamp.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * Müller, Hans-Peter. [[2007]]. ''Max Weber.'' Coloniae, Wimariae, Vindobonae: Böhlau Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8252-2952-8.<!--etiam +fr--> * Quensel, Bernhard K. [[2007]]. ''Max Webers Konstruktionslogik: Sozialökonomik zwischen Geschichte und Theorie.'' Baden-Baden: Nomos. ISBN 978-3-8329-2517-8.<!--solum in it--> * [[Ioachim Radkau|Radkau, Joachim]]. [[2005]]. ''Max Weber: Die Leidenschaft des Denkens.'' Monaci: Hanser. ISBN 3-446-20675-2.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * [[Guenther Roth|Roth, Guenther]]. [[2001]]. ''Max Webers deutsch-englische Familiengeschichte.'' J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck). ISBN 3-16-147557-7.<!--ex en +it (non in de)--> * [[Alexander von Schelting|Schelting, Alexander von]]. [[1934]]. ''Max Webers Wissenschaftslehre.'' Tubingae: Mohr.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * [[Wolfgang Schluchter|Schluchter, Wolfgang]]. [[1979]] ''Die Entwicklung des okzidentalen Rationalismus: eine Analyse von Max Webers Gesellschaftsgeschichte.'' Tubingae: Mohr.<!--etiam +pt--> * [[Wolfgang Schluchter|Schluchter, Wolfgang]]. [[2009]]. ''Die Entzauberung der Welt: sechs Studien zu Max Weber.'' Tubingae: Mohr.<!--etiam +pt--> * [[Gregor Schöllgen|Schöllgen, Gregor]]. [[1998]]. ''Max Weber.'' Monaci: Beck. ISBN 3-406-41944-5.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * [[Gerhard Stapelfeldt|Stapelfeldt, Gerhard]]. [[2004]]. ''Kritik der ökonomischen Rationalität.''<!--ex en (non in de)--> * [[Michael Sukale|Sukale, Michael]]. [[2002]]. ''Max Weber – Leidenschaft und Disziplin: Leben, Werk, Zeitgenossen.'' Tubingae: Mohr (Siebeck). ISBN 3-16-147203-9.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * [[Michael Sukale|Sukale, Michael]], ed. [[2004]]. ''Absolute Max Weber.'' Orange Press. ISBN 978-3-936086-18-8.<!--etiam +fr--> * Weber, Marianne. [[1989]]. ''Max Weber: Ein Lebensbild.'' Monaci: Piper. ISBN 3-492-10984-5.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * Weiß, Johannes. [[1975]]. ''Max Webers Grundlegung der Soziologie.'' Monaci: UTB. ISBN 3-7940-2644-6.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * Weiß, Johannes, ed. [[1989]]. ''Max Weber heute: Erträge und Probleme der Forschung.'' Francofurti: Suhrkamp. ISBN 3-518-28311-1.<!--etiam +fr +pt--> * Weiß, Johannes. [[1992]]. ''Max Webers Grundlegung der Soziologie.'' Ed. 2a. Monaci: K. G. Saur. ISBN 3-598-11092-8.<!-- +ex fr--> ;Aliae encyclopaediae * {{Stanford|http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/weber/|Max Weber|Sung Ho Kim|2012}} == Nexus externi == {{Communia|Max Weber|Maxililianum Weber}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1864|1920|Weber, Maximilianus}} {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Homines}} [[Categoria:Oeconomi Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Philosophi Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Sociologi]] [[Categoria:Incolae Erfordiae]] dvju7it4gohw7q2ygtwpnsnt2mw9t1v Antarctica Muona Ac Neutrina Detegens Accommodatio 0 36299 3993222 3896853 2026-10-06T16:55:06Z LilyKitty 18316 de Francisco Halzen 3993222 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Antarctica Muona Ac Neutrina Detegens Accommodatio,''' breviter '''AMANDA''' ([[Anglice]] ''Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array''), est [[telescopium]] ad [[neutrinum|neutrina]] pertinens infra [[Statio Polaris Australis Amundsen-Scott|Stationem Polarem Australem Amundsen-Scott]]. Constitit in serie modulorum opticorum, quorum singulus modulus unam tubulam photomultiplicantem continet. Accommodatio a 1500 ad 1900 metra in profundo [[glacies|glaciei]] iacet. In configuratione anni [[2007]], telescopium, nunc dicta AMANDA-II, e 677 modulis opticis constat, qui ab undeviginti funibus traiectis connecti sunt et [[circulus|circulum]] depingunt qui ducentorum metrorum [[diametrum]] approprinquat. Moduli optici e [[radius gamma|radiorum gamma]] emissionibus neutrina quaerunt in [[Radiatio Čerenkov|radiatione Čerenkov]], quam collisio neutrinorum et [[nucleus atomicus|nucleorum]] atomorum [[oxygenum|oxygeni]] vel [[hydrogenum|hydrogeni]] gignit.<!-- Each string has several dozen modules, and was put in place by "drilling" a hole in the ice using a hot water hose, sinking the cable with attached optical modules in, and then letting the ice freeze around it. AMANDA detects very high energy [[neutrinos]] (50+ [[Electronvolt|GeV]]) which pass through the Earth from the northern hemisphere and then react just as they are leaving upwards through the Antarctic ice. The [[neutrino]] collides with [[Atomic_nucleus|nuclei]] of [[oxygen]] or [[hydrogen]] [[atoms]] contained in the surrounding water ice, producing a [[muon]] and a hadronic shower. The optical modules detect the [[Cherenkov radiation]] from these particles, and by analysis of the timing of photon hits can approximately determine the direction of the original neutrino with a spatial resolution of approximately 2 [[degree (angle)|degrees]]. AMANDA's goal is an attempt at [[neutrino astronomy]], identifying and characterizing extra-solar sources of neutrinos. Compared to underground detectors like [[Super-Kamiokande]] in Japan, AMANDA is capable of looking at higher energy neutrinos because it is not limited in volume to a man-made tank. However, it has much less accuracy due to the less controlled conditions and wider spacing of photomultiplers. Super-Kamiokande can look at much greater detail at neutrinos from the Sun and those generated in the Earth's atmosphere. However, at higher energies the spectrum should include neutrinos dominated by those from sources outside the solar system. Such a new view into the cosmos could give important clues in the search for [[Dark Matter]] and other astrophysical phenomena.--> Anno [[2005]], post novem annos, AMANDA facta est pars moliminis scientifici [[IceCube]]. {{NexInt}} *[[Franciscus Halzen]] *[[Materia obscura]] == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050811085958/http://www.amanda.uci.edu/ Situs officialis AMANDA] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051208034107/http://amanda.berkeley.edu/ Pagina AMANDA Universitatis Californiensis apud Berkeleyum] * [http://icecube.wisc.edu/ Pagina IceCube] {{physica-stipula}} [[Categoria:Physica]] qpjdo15iv72rg81rib3jftc5vnry29n Antiphonarium officii 0 42164 3993172 3863518 2026-10-06T13:30:29Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993172 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Evora07.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Antiphonarium (anno [[1748]])]] '''Antiphonarium''' seu '''Antiphonale''' est liber [[chorus|choralis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica|Ecclesiae Romanae]]<ref>''Antiphonale Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae pro diurnis horis Ss. D. N. Pii X. Pontificis Maximi jussu restitutum et editum.'' XVII+776+[221]+98*+48 pp. Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, Romae 1912. ([https://media.churchmusicassociation.org/pdf/antiphonale-bw.pdf lege hic])</ref><ref>''Antiphonale Romanum, t. I: In Dominicis et Festis, Ad Laudes cum Invitatoriis.'' Solesmis 2020 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20230626105315/https://www.solesmes.com/node/16970?position=1&list=yZGrI9HT5Jivr-7D1HT7jnCItTwOEB58GT-0x3CQWl4 vide hic])</ref> et nonnullarum aliarum ecclesiarum<ref>''Evangelisches Tagzeitenbuch''. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Vier-Türme-Verlag 2003. ISBN 3-525-60290-1</ref>. Hic liber praesertim [[Antiphona|antiphonas]] cum suis [[Liber Psalmorum|psalmis]] continet, qui inter [[liturgia horarum|liturgiam horarum]] (seu in horis canonicis celebrandis) canuntur. Saepe in antiphonarium diurnum<ref>''Antiphonarium Sacri Ordinis Praedicatorum pro diurnis Horis, reverendissimi in Christo Patris, Fr. Martini Stanislai Gillet (...) permissu editum.'' Romae 1933 ([https://media.churchmusicassociation.org/pdf/antiphonarium.pdf lege hic])</ref> et nocturnum<ref>''Nocturnale Romanum. Antiphonale Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae pro nocturnis Horis.'' Hartker Verlag Christoph Nicolaus Schröder, Romae–Florentiae–Veronae–Visograciae Aquensis–Sambucae Toscanorum 2002. ISBN 3-936476-01-2</ref> dividitur, quorum prior antiphonas, responsoria brevia et hymnos continet, alter etiam Responsoria prolixa<ref>''Nocturnale seu Antiphonarium Sacri Ordinis Praedicatorum pro nocturnis Horis: Responsoria prolixa in feriis per annum.'' Typis Geroliti Ammosaulici impressum, Bonnae ad Rhenum 2004. ([https://media.churchmusicassociation.org/dominican/rf.pdf lege hic])</ref><ref>''Liber Responsorialis pro festis I. classis et communi Sanctorum. Adnectuntur Invitatorium et Hymnus aliorum festorum.'' E typographeo Sancti Petri, Solesmis 1895. ([https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ecksAQAAMAAJ&pg=PT4&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false lege hic])</ref>, ad [[Matutinum]] seu Vigilias vel (iuxta liturgiam post [[Concilium Vaticanum Secundum|Concilium Vaticanum II]] reformatam) ad Officium lectionis cantanda<ref>''Matutinum seu Antiphonarium S. Ord. Praedicatorum pro Nocturnis Horis majorum Solemnitatum.'' Romae 1936. ([https://bc.dominikanie.pl/dlibra/publication/306/edition/280 lege hic]) ([https://media.churchmusicassociation.org/dominican/matutinum-1936-gillet.pdf vel hic])</ref>. Antiphonalia tum textus quum notationem musicalem continent; [[Breviarium Romanum|Breviaria]] autem versiones abbreviatae horum librorum sunt, nonnisi textus continentes. Cum ex horis canonicis [[Vespera (liturgia)|Vesperae]] praesertim solemniter celebrentur, excerpta ex antiphonario ad Vesperas pertinentia tamquam Libri vesperales<ref>''Liber vesperalis juxta ritum Sanctae Ecclesiae Mediolanensis.'' Typis Soc. s. Joannis Evangelistae, 1939.</ref> seu Vesperalia<ref>''Vesperale Romanum. Excerptum ex Antiphonali S.R.E.'' Société d’Éditions du chant grégorien, Parisiis 1913 ([https://media.churchmusicassociation.org/pdf/vesperale_romanum_1913-bw.pdf lege hic])</ref> edita sunt Liber cantuum [[Missa|missae]] est antiphonale missarum<ref>''Antiphonale missarum iuxta ritum sanctae Ecclesiae Mediolananensis.'' XXVIII+656 pp. Libreria Musicale Italiana, Mediolani 2005. <nowiki>ISBN 88-7096-276-8</nowiki></ref>, antiphonarium graduale aut (in praxi hodierna Ecclesiae Romanae fere semper) simpliciter [[Graduale Romanum|graduale]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Liber Usualis]] * [[Graduale Romanum]] * [[Responsorium Graduale]] == Nexus externi == * {{CathEnc|01576b|De antiphonario}} * [http://ia300105.us.archive.org/0/items/antiphonale00anonuoft/antiphonale00anonuoft.pdf Antiphonarium Romanum anno 1912 editum]{{Nexus deficit|date=November 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070815220340/http://www.mirroroftheworld.com.au/inspiration/manuscripts/antiphonarium.php Cantus e antiphonario] == Notae == [[Categoria:Liturgia]] [[Categoria:Sacra supellex]] [[Categoria:Musica]] bmct81ygcq8a0wlmcuxjh0ps2kudegu Secta Siitica 0 47548 3993213 3978252 2026-10-06T16:15:52Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20261006)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3993213 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Meshed ali usnavy (PD).jpg|thumb|[[Mausoleum]] Ali quarti [[calipha]]e {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Naiaf||en|qid=Q168193}} in [[oppidum|oppido]] Iraquiensi situm.]] {{res|Secta Siitica}} ([[Lingua Arabica|Arabice]] شيعة ''šīʿa'', "factio (scil. Ali caliphae)"), sive {{res|Islam Siiticum}}, etiam {{res|Siismus}} appellata, est altera [[religio Islamica|fidei Islamicae]] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Scholae et rami religionis Islamicae|ramus|en|qid=Q1192063}}, post [[Secta Sunnitica|Sunniticam]]. Quam inter {{num|130000000}} et {{num|190000000}} circiter [[Musulmani|Musulmanorum]] [[terra]]e sequuntur; quod omnium circa 15 centesimas est.<ref name="pewforum">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080306073746/http://pewforum.org/events/index.php?EventID=R120 pewforum.org].</ref> [[Regio]] quam incolunt aliquando "luna Siitica" appellatur. Siitae docent [[Ali|Ali filium Abu Talib]], generum [[Machometus|Machometi]], eo successum esse ut primum Musulmanorum [[Imamus|imamum]], negantque [[tres]] primos [[calipha|caliphas]] Sunniticos, scilicet [[Abubacer]] et [[Omar]] et [[Osmanus|Osmanum]], secundum [[lex|leges]] fuisse.<ref>Tabatabae 1979: 41–44.</ref> Nulla [[historia]] Siitis erat maioris momenti quam [[martyr]]ium [[Husainus filius Alis|Husaini filii Alis]], qui anno [[680]] apud [[oppidum]] [[Carbala]]m Iraquensem cecidit, cum contra Sunnitas dimicaret. Tres praecipuae sunt sectae Siiticae [[schola]]e. Maxima [[Secta Siitica duodenaria|duodenaria]] (اثنا عشرية ''iṯnāʿašarīyya'') vocatur, quia duodecim [[Imamus|imamos]] agnoscit, cuius sectatores in [[Irania]], [[Atropatene (res publica)|Atropatene]], [[Iraquia]], [[Baharina]], [[Libanus|Libano]], alibi vivunt. Multo pauciores sunt Siitae septenarii sive [[Secta Ismaelitica|Ismaelitae]], qui in [[Pakistania]], [[India]], [[Syria]], [[Afgania]] habitant. Postremo quintarii sive [[Zaidismus|Zaiditae]]<ref name="Zaiditae">[https://books.google.es/books?id=akljAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA166&lpg=PA166&dq=zaiditae&source=bl&ots=ooYP17114m&sig=ACfU3U1aoaXe6KKPBn72Ric-Qv5qZzoEVg&hl=es&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjW0dyBqZuCAxUIVaQEHQ55CCQQ6AF6BAgWEAM#v=onepage&q=zaiditae&f=false Historia Iemanae, e codice manuscripto arabico], ubi dicitur "Zaiditae nomen trahunt de Zaido (...)".</ref> enumerarentur, qui [[Iemenia]]m [[septentrio]]nalem incolunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Islam by country.png|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Tabula geographica]] [[regio]]num Siiticarum et Sunniticarum.]] * {{cite book |last1=Cornell |first1=Vincent J. |title=Voices of Islam |date=[[2007]] |publisher=Praeger Publishers |location=Westport Connecticutae |isbn=978-0-275-98732-9| author-link=}}. * {{cite book |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/ |title=Encyclopædia Iranica Online |publisher=Columbia University Center for Iranian Studies |access-date=2019-09-11 }}. * {{cite book |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam and the Muslim World |volume=1: ''Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World: A–L'' |last=Martin |first=Richard C. |publisher=Macmillan |isbn=978-0-02-865604-5 |year=[[2004]] }}. * {{cite book |last=Corbin |first=Henry |author-link= |title=History of Islamic Philosophy |translator=Liadain Sherrard et Philip Sherrard |location=Londinii|publisher=Kegan Paul International in association with Islamic Publications for The Institute of Ismaili Studies |year=[[1993]] |orig-date=[[1964]] |isbn=978-0-7103-0416-2|title-link= }}. * {{cite book |last=Dakake |first=Maria Massi |title=The Charismatic Community: Shiʻite Identity in Early Islam |publisher=Suny Press |year=[[2008]] |isbn=978-0-7914-7033-6}}. * {{cite book |last1=Holt |first1=P. M. |author-link1= |last2=Lewis |first2=Bernard |author-link2= |title=Cambridge History of Islam, Vol. 1 |year=[[1977]] | location=Cantabrigiae | publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-29136-1}}. * {{cite book |last=Lapidus |first=Ira |author-link= |title=A History of Islamic Societies |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofislamic0000lapi_t2d2 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=[[2002]] |edition=secunda |isbn=978-0-521-77933-3}}. * {{cite book|last=Sachedina |first=Abdulaziz Abdulhussein |author-link= |title=The Just Ruler (al-sultān Al-ʻādil) in Shīʻite Islam: The Comprehensive Authority of the Jurist in Imamite Jurisprudence |url=https://archive.org/details/justruleralsulta0000sach |publisher=Oxford University Press US |year=[[1988]] |isbn=978-0-19-511915-2}}. * {{cite book |last1=Sobhani |last2=Shah-Kazemi |first1=Ja'afar |first2=Reza |title=Doctrines of Shiʻi Islam: A Compendium of Imami Beliefs and Practices |url=https://archive.org/details/doctrinesofshiii0000subh |date=[[2001]] |publisher=I. B. Tauris [u.a.] |location=Londinii |author-link= |author-link2= |isbn=978-1-86064-780-2 |edition=[Editio interretialis]}}. * {{cite book | last=Tabatabaei| first=Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn| title= Shiʻite Islam| url=https://archive.org/details/shiiteislam0000taba| publisher=State University of New York Press | year=[[1979]]| isbn=978-0-87395-272-9 |translator=Seyyed Hossein Nasr| author-link=}}. * {{cite book |last1=Ṭabataba'i |first1=Allamah Sayyid Muḥammad Husayn |title=Shiʻite Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/shiiteislam0000muha |date=[[1977]] |publisher=State University of New York Press |location=Albaniae |isbn=978-0-87395-390-0}}. * {{cite book | last=Vaezi | first=Ahmad | title=Shia political thought | url=https://archive.org/details/shiapoliticaltho0000vaez | publisher=Islamic Centre of England | location=Londinii | year=[[2004]] | isbn=978-1-904934-01-1 | oclc=59136662}}. ==Nexus externi== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210317073727/https://www.al-shia.com/ Aalulbayt Global Information Center,] www.al-shia.com. * [http://www.al-khoei.org Imam Al-Khoei Foundation,] www.al-khoei.org. * [http://www.roshd.org ''Roshd Islamic, de Siiticis,] www.roshd.org. * [http://www.shia-online.com Online Community Portal For Sunni-Shia,] www.shia-online.com. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071222135206/http://www.shiasearch.net/ Shia Search Website,] www.shiasearch.net. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190825161911/http://www.shiacode.com/ SHIACODE.COM -Shia Islamic Guide,] www.shiacode.com. [[Categoria:Religio Islamica]] [[Categoria:Secta Siitica| ]] {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Philosophia}} 5ynkrgtsicsohucaojuj6a65g7imwp1 Radulphus Wallenberg 0 54939 3993306 3959187 2026-10-07T00:44:15Z Bartholomite 116968 Bartholomite movit paginam [[Raoul Wallenberg]] ad [[Radulphus Wallenberg]]: latine 3959187 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Raoul Wallenberg.jpg|thumb|Raoul Wallenberg]] '''Radulphus''' (''Raoul'') '''Wallenberg''' (natus in praedio [[Kappsta]] iuxta [[Holmia]]m die [[4 Augusti]] [[1912]]; mortuus captivus in [[Unio Sovietica|Unione Sovietica]] medio anno [[1947]]), alumnus [[Universitas Michiganensis|Universitatis Michiganensis]], fuit [[legatus (civilitas)|legatus]] [[Suecia|Suecicus]], qui inter [[secundum bellum mundanum]] annis [[1944]] et [[1945]] [[Aquincum|Aquinci]] multos [[Iudaei|Iudaeos]] e manibus [[NSDAP|nazistarum]] eripuit. Die [[17 Ianuarii]] [[1945]] in [[Budapestinum|Budapestino]] captuvus est a milite Unionis Sovieticae. Horum operum gratia post mortem anno [[1966]] una (cum [[Varian Fry]]), titulo ''[[Iustus inter gentes|Iusto inter gentes]]'' ab [[Yad Vashem]] decoratus est.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180221180430/http://www.yadvashem.org/righteous/stories/wallenberg.html Raoul Wallenberg] - [[Yad Vashem]] {{Ling|Anglica}}</ref> Etiam [[Universitas Lundensis]] "Institutum Raoul Wallenberg [[iura humana|iuribus humanis]] et [[humanitarium belli ius|humanitario belli iuri]] dedicatum instituit. ==Bibliographia== * Bierman, John. [[1983]]. ''Raoul Wallenberg, der verschollene Held.'' Monaci: Dt.{{dubsig}} Erstausg.,{{dubsig}} Droemersche Verlagsanstalt Knaur. ISBN 3-426-03699-1. * Gann, Christoph. [[1999]]. ''Raoul Wallenberg: so viele Menschen retten wie möglich.'' Monaci: C. H. Beck Verlag. ISBN 3-406-45356-2. * Gann, Christoph. [[2002]]. ''Schriftenreihe dtv 30852.''{{dubsig}} Monaci: Dt. Taschenbuch Verlag. ISBN 3-423-30852-4. * Moser, Jonny. [[2006]]. ''Wallenbergs Laufbursche.'' Vindobonae: Picus Verlag. ISBN 978-3-85452-615-5. ==Nexus externi== * [http://www.shoa.de/content/view/98/92/ Biographia apud Shoa.de]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100407210933/http://www.raoul-wallenberg.eu/home/ Indagatio Radulphi Wallenberg] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140831043155/http://www.raoulwallenberg.net/ Societas inter civitates Raoul Wallenberg dicata] ==Notae== <references/> {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1912|1947|Wallenberg, Radulphus}} [[Categoria:Incolae Sueciae]] [[Categoria:Iusti inter gentes]] [[Categoria:Victimae Stalinismi]] [[Categoria:Mortui captivi]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Michiganensis]] 3qa7iisobyuxljyyc4tcbyiyig23gkz 3993308 3993306 2026-10-07T00:47:42Z Bartholomite 116968 3993308 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Radulphus Wallenberg}} (vulfo ''Raoul''; natus in praedio [[Kappsta]] iuxta [[Holmia]]m die [[4 Augusti]] [[1912]]; mortuus captivus in [[Unio Sovietica|Unione Sovietica]] medio anno [[1947]]), alumnus [[Universitas Michiganensis|Universitatis Michiganensis]], fuit [[legatus (civilitas)|legatus]] [[Suecia|Suecicus]], qui inter [[secundum bellum mundanum]] annis [[1944]] et [[1945]] [[Aquincum|Aquinci]] multos [[Iudaei|Iudaeos]] e manibus [[NSDAP|nazistarum]] eripuit. Die [[17 Ianuarii]] [[1945]] in [[Budapestinum|Budapestino]] captuvus est a milite Unionis Sovieticae. Horum operum gratia post mortem anno [[1966]] una (cum [[Varian Fry]]), titulo ''[[Iustus inter gentes|Iusto inter gentes]]'' ab [[Yad Vashem]] decoratus est.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180221180430/http://www.yadvashem.org/righteous/stories/wallenberg.html Raoul Wallenberg] - [[Yad Vashem]] {{Ling|Anglica}}</ref> Etiam [[Universitas Lundensis]] "Institutum Raoul Wallenberg [[iura humana|iuribus humanis]] et [[humanitarium belli ius|humanitario belli iuri]] dedicatum instituit. ==Bibliographia== * Bierman, Ioannes. [[1983]]. ''Raoul Wallenberg, der verschollene Held.'' Monaci: Dt.{{dubsig}} Erstausg.,{{dubsig}} Droemersche Verlagsanstalt Knaur. ISBN 3-426-03699-1. * Gann, Christophorus. [[1999]]. ''Raoul Wallenberg: so viele Menschen retten wie möglich.'' Monaci: C. H. Beck Verlag. ISBN 3-406-45356-2. * Gann, Christophorus. [[2002]]. ''Schriftenreihe dtv 30852.''{{dubsig}} Monaci: Dt. Taschenbuch Verlag. ISBN 3-423-30852-4. * Moser, Ioannes. [[2006]]. ''Wallenbergs Laufbursche.'' Vindobonae: Picus Verlag. ISBN 978-3-85452-615-5. ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{Fontes biographici}} * [http://www.shoa.de/content/view/98/92/ Biographia apud Shoa.de]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100407210933/http://www.raoul-wallenberg.eu/home/ Indagatio Radulphi Wallenberg] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140831043155/http://www.raoulwallenberg.net/ Societas inter civitates Raoul Wallenberg dicata] {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1912|1947|Wallenberg, Radulphus}} [[Categoria:Incolae Sueciae]] [[Categoria:Iusti inter gentes]] [[Categoria:Victimae Stalinismi]] [[Categoria:Mortui captivi]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Michiganensis]] meqc5m4372doct8da11epg7hmb5x51f 3993309 3993308 2026-10-07T00:47:56Z Bartholomite 116968 3993309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Radulphus Wallenberg}} (vulgo ''Raoul''; natus in praedio [[Kappsta]] iuxta [[Holmia]]m die [[4 Augusti]] [[1912]]; mortuus captivus in [[Unio Sovietica|Unione Sovietica]] medio anno [[1947]]), alumnus [[Universitas Michiganensis|Universitatis Michiganensis]], fuit [[legatus (civilitas)|legatus]] [[Suecia|Suecicus]], qui inter [[secundum bellum mundanum]] annis [[1944]] et [[1945]] [[Aquincum|Aquinci]] multos [[Iudaei|Iudaeos]] e manibus [[NSDAP|nazistarum]] eripuit. Die [[17 Ianuarii]] [[1945]] in [[Budapestinum|Budapestino]] captuvus est a milite Unionis Sovieticae. Horum operum gratia post mortem anno [[1966]] una (cum [[Varian Fry]]), titulo ''[[Iustus inter gentes|Iusto inter gentes]]'' ab [[Yad Vashem]] decoratus est.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180221180430/http://www.yadvashem.org/righteous/stories/wallenberg.html Raoul Wallenberg] - [[Yad Vashem]] {{Ling|Anglica}}</ref> Etiam [[Universitas Lundensis]] "Institutum Raoul Wallenberg [[iura humana|iuribus humanis]] et [[humanitarium belli ius|humanitario belli iuri]] dedicatum instituit. ==Bibliographia== * Bierman, Ioannes. [[1983]]. ''Raoul Wallenberg, der verschollene Held.'' Monaci: Dt.{{dubsig}} Erstausg.,{{dubsig}} Droemersche Verlagsanstalt Knaur. ISBN 3-426-03699-1. * Gann, Christophorus. [[1999]]. ''Raoul Wallenberg: so viele Menschen retten wie möglich.'' Monaci: C. H. Beck Verlag. ISBN 3-406-45356-2. * Gann, Christophorus. [[2002]]. ''Schriftenreihe dtv 30852.''{{dubsig}} Monaci: Dt. Taschenbuch Verlag. ISBN 3-423-30852-4. * Moser, Ioannes. [[2006]]. ''Wallenbergs Laufbursche.'' Vindobonae: Picus Verlag. ISBN 978-3-85452-615-5. ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{Fontes biographici}} * [http://www.shoa.de/content/view/98/92/ Biographia apud Shoa.de]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100407210933/http://www.raoul-wallenberg.eu/home/ Indagatio Radulphi Wallenberg] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140831043155/http://www.raoulwallenberg.net/ Societas inter civitates Raoul Wallenberg dicata] {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1912|1947|Wallenberg, Radulphus}} [[Categoria:Incolae Sueciae]] [[Categoria:Iusti inter gentes]] [[Categoria:Victimae Stalinismi]] [[Categoria:Mortui captivi]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Michiganensis]] f3hrf6r9a7jy0c7va7cdofc8ucjwxsi Silius Italicus 0 62328 3993311 3574324 2026-10-07T02:05:59Z Caeciliuss 209935 Difficultates grammaticas emendavi 3993311 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Silius Italicus''', plenius ''Tiberius Catius Asconius Silius Italicus'' ([[26]] – [[101]]), fuit [[iuris consultus|orator]], [[politicus]] et [[poeta]] [[Romani antiqui|Romanus]], et quidem auctor ''[[Punica (Silius Italicus)|Punicorum]]'', poematis epici plus 12&thinsp;000 versuum continentis. == Vita == === Patria et Familia === De patria et origine Silii Italici nihil certi novimus, sed fuit senator ditissimus, qui in Campania villas multas et magnas possidebat. Filios duos habuit, quorum unus Severus ante patrem mortuus est<ref>[[Martialis]], ''Epigrammata'', IX 86</ref>, alter [[Lucius Silius Decianus]] patre vivo anno [[94]] consul suffectus factus est<ref>Martialis, ''Epigrammata'', VIII 66,4</ref><ref>Der Neue Pauly, Stuttgardiae 1999, T. 11, c. 557</ref>. === Cursus honorum === [[Nero (imperator)|Nerone]] imperatore iuvenis orator sua sponte delator fuit<ref>[[Martialis]], ''Epigrammata'', VII 63</ref> et famam suam laesit<ref>[[Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus]], ''Epistulae'', III 7</ref>. Anno [[68]] consulatum ordinarium gessit, sed Aprili mense iam magistratu expulsus est, cum Nero consulem sine collega se ipsum fecit, ut rebellionem [[Gaius Iulius Vindex|Gaii Iulii Vindicis]] in Gallia opprimeret<ref>[[Suetonius]], ''Nero'' 43</ref>. Postea Italicum "''in [[Vitellius|Vitellii]] amicitia sapienter se et comiter''" gessisse Plinius<ref>loco citato</ref> laudat. Nam bello civili anno [[69]] colloquiis interfuit, quibus imperium a Vitellio in [[Vespasianus|Vespasianum]] tranferretur<ref>[[Tacitus]], ''Historiae'', III 65</ref>. Anno [[77]] proconsul [[Asia (provincia Romana)|Asiae]] factus est. === Recessio a re publica === Postquam Romam revertebat, Silius Italicus a vita publica recessit et villis opulentissimis in Campania vivebat. [[Cicero]]nem, cuius villam emit, et [[Vergilius|Vergilium]], cuius sepulchrum apud [[Neapolis|Neapolim]] restituit<ref>Martialis, XI 48</ref>, valde venerabatur. Anno [[101]] mortuus est, de causa eius mortis Plinius epistula nos certiores facit: "''Modo nuntiatus est Silius Italicus in Neapolitano suo inedia finisse vitam. Causa mortis valetudo. Erat illi natus insanabilis clavus, cuius taedio ad mortem irrevocabili constantia decucurrit usque ad supremum diem beatus et felix ...''<ref>Plinius, loco citato</ref>" == Opera == Hic varia opera, sed praesertim ''[[Punica (Silius Italicus)|Punica]]'', carmen epicum de [[Secundum Bellum Punicum|Secundo Bello Punico]] composuit. [[Fasciculus:Joseph Wright of Derby. Virgil's Tomb, with the Figure of Silius Italicus. 1779.jpg|thumb|"[[Vergilii sepulchrum (Wright)|Silius Italicus iuxta Vergilii sepulchrum]]" a [[Iosephus Wright Derbiensis|Iosepho Wright Derbiensi]] anno 1779 pictus]] == Notae == <references/> {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Lucius Iulius Rufus]] et [[Fonteius Capito]]| annus= 68<br />cum<br />[[Publius Galerius Trachalus|Publio Galerio Trachalo]]| successores= [[Galba|Servius Galba Imp. Caesar Augustus]] II et [[Titus Vinius]]}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Silius Italicus, Tiberius Catius Asconius}} [[Categoria:Senatores]] [[Categoria:Proconsules Asiae]] [[Categoria:Poetae Latini Romae antiquae]] [[Categoria:Epici]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini antiqui]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Italiae antiquae]] [[Categoria:Nati 26]] [[Categoria:Mortui 101]] 6dobaoz2w483q1kfprdctykplgpnkof City Lights 0 63155 3993312 2427929 2026-10-07T02:31:18Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993312 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''City Lights''''' (scilicet [[Latine]] ''Luces urbanae'') est [[historia]]e [[cinematographia]]e [[pellicula]] muta a [[moderator cinematographicus|moderatore]] [[Carolinus Chaplin|Carolino Chaplin]], qui etiam ut primus histrio agit, anno [[1931]] ducta. Homines docti [[Institutum Pellicularum Americanarum|Americani Pellicularum Instituti]] eam inter [[Centum celeberrimae pelliculae|Centum celeberrimas]] enumerant. In hac pellicula hi actores agunt: * [[Carolinus Chaplin]] * [[Virginia Cherrill]]: puella caeca * [[Harry Myers]]: divissimus vir * [[Henricus Bergman]]: magister urbis ==Nexus externus== * [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WivhDJRXCU4 City Lights, 01:25:53, 1931] * {{IMDb title|0021749}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160225120229/http://www.follow-me-now.de/html/body_lichter_der_grossstadt.html Pelliculae analysis in follow-me-now.de] {{cine-stipula}} [[Categoria:Carolus Chaplin]] [[Categoria:Centum celeberrimae pelliculae]] [[Categoria:Pelliculae 1931]] [[Categoria:Pelliculae Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Pelliculae comoedicae]] 0mbmnp7q59ohx552j4cr7w5hj18jllt Embryo 0 63699 3993326 3862036 2026-10-07T10:17:34Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993326 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Haeckel drawings.jpg|thumb|''Variarum specierum animalium embryonum studium ([[Ernestus Haeckel]])]] '''Embryo'''<ref name="Triepel1910a">Triepel, H. (1910). ''Nomina Anatomica. Mit Unterstützung von Fachphilologen.'' Aquis Mattiacis: Verlag J.F. Bergmann.</ref><ref>[[Ebbe Vilborg]]. ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok''. Editio secunda anni 2009. Lexicon dicit, quod accentum antepaenultimo acuitur, ergo '''em'''-bry-o.</ref> (-onis, ''m.'' <ref name="Triepel1910a"/>) vel '''embryon'''<ref name="Castelli1713">Castelli, B. & Bruno, J.P (1713). ''Lexicon medicum Graeco-Latinum.'' Lipsiae: F. Thomas</ref><ref name="Kraus1844">Kraus, L.A. (1844). ''Kritisch-etymologisches medicinisches Lexikon'' (Editio tertia). Gottingae: Verlag der Deuerlich- und Dieterichschen Buchhandlung.</ref><ref name="Freund1844">Freund, W. (1844/45). ''Gesammtwörterbuch der lateinischen Sprache, zum Schul- und Privat-Gebrauch.'' Vratislaviae: Georg Philipp Aderholz.</ref><ref name="Hyrtl1880">Hyrtl, J. (1880). ''Onomatologia Anatomica. Geschichte und Kritik der anatomischen Sprache der Gegenwart.'' Vindobonae: Wilhelm Braumüller. K.K. Hof- und Unversitätsbuchhändler.</ref><ref name="Foster1891">Foster, F.D. (1891-1893). ''An illustrated medical dictionary. Being a dictionary of the technical terms used by writers on medicine and the collateral sciences, in the Latin, English, French, and German languages.'' Novi Eboraci: D. Appleton and Company.</ref><ref name="Triepel1910a"/> (-i, ''n.'' <ref name="Kraus1844"/>; -onis, ''n.'' <ref name="Freund1844"/>; -ontis, ''n.'' <ref name="Triepel1910a"/>) vel '''embryum'''<ref name="Hyrtl1880"/><ref name="Kossmann1895a">Kossmann, R. (1895). Zur Pathologie unserer Kunstausdrücke. ''Monatsschrift für Geburtshülfe und Gynaekologie, 1'' (6), 578-588.</ref> ([[Graece]]: ἔμβρυον, ''embryon'', ''n.'') est momentum amplificationis [[animal]]ium ac [[planta]]rum. In specie [[Homo sapiens|hominis]] applicatur usque ad finem hebdomadae octavae post [[conceptio]]nem. Postea embryo nomen [[fetus]] accipit. In creaturis, quae propagant coitu, coniugatio [[spermium|spermii]] et [[ovum (cellula)|ovi]] appellatur [[fecundatio]]; quae determinat formationem [[zygote]]s, quae compositum [[ADN]] continet ex utroque parente. [[Scientia (ratio)|Scientia]] de embryo est [[embryologia]]. == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Tubal Pregnancy with embryo.jpg|Embryo [[humanus]] quinque hebdomadarum Fasciculus:9-Week Human Embryo from Ectopic Pregnancy.jpg|Embryo humanus novem hebdomadarum Ginkgo embryo and gametophyte.jpg|Embryo arboris Ginkgo cum duabus cotyledonibus</gallery> {{NexInt}} *[[Blastocystis]] *[[Cellula praecursoria]] *[[Conceptus]] *[[Gastrulatio]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Embryos|embryones}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060206140431/http://raven.zoology.washington.edu/embryos/ Embryologiae pinacotheca] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100725081837/http://www.visembryo.com/baby/index.html De fecundatione ad ortum] == Notae == <references/> {{biologia-stipula}} {{med-stipula}} [[Categoria:Embryologia]] [[he:עובר#התפתחות עובר האדם]] {{Myrias|Biologia}} n3xy3ob8qkvfxla1llsvebfwblnz85a Praemium Nobelianum physicae 0 78697 3993173 3917906 2026-10-06T13:37:40Z LilyKitty 18316 de laureatore anno 2026 3993173 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845--1923).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Gulielmus Röntgen]] (1845–1923), primus qui Praemium Nobelianum Physicae accepit.]] '''Praemium Nobelianum physicae'''<ref>[http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2007/breves.php?breves ''Ephemeris'' 9. Oct. 2007]; [http://yle.fi/radio1/tiede/nuntii_latini/calamitas_ante_lampedusam_42825.html ''Nuntii Latini'' 11. Oct. 2013].</ref> est [[praemium Nobelianum]] anno [[1901]] institutum ab [[Alfredus Nobel|Alfredo Nobel]], [[inventor]]e [[dynamites|dynamitis]] et fabricatore [[Suecia|Suecico]], ex eius [[hereditas|hereditate]]. Praemium hoc quotannis die [[10 Decembris]], eodem quo Nobel anno [[1896]] mortuus est, hominibus qui in [[scientia physica]] maximam inventionem fecerunt, tribuitur. == Praemio physicae laureati == === Anni 1900 === * [[1901]] - [[Gulielmus Conradus Roentgen]] * [[1902]] - [[Henricus A. Lorentz]] et [[Petrus Zeeman]] * [[1903]] - [[Antonius Henricus Becquerel]], [[Petrus Curie|Petrus]] et [[Maria Curie]] * [[1904]] - [[Lord Rayleigh]] * [[1905]] - [[Philippus Lenard]] * [[1906]] - [[Iosephus Ioannes Thomson]] * [[1907]] - [[Albertus A. Michelson]] * [[1908]] - [[Gabriel Lippmann]] * [[1909]] - [[Gulielmus Marconi]] et [[Carolus Ferdinandus Braun]] === Anni 1910 === * [[1910]] - [[Ioannes Theodoricus van der Waals|Iohannes Theodoricus van der Waals]] * [[1911]] - [[Gulielmus Wien]] * [[1912]] - [[Gustavus Dalén]] * [[1913]] - [[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]] * [[1914]] - [[Maximus von Laue]] * [[1915]] - [[Gulielmus Bragg]] et [[Laurentius Bragg]] * [[1916]] - praemium non tributum * [[1917]] - [[Carolus Glover Barkla]] * [[1918]] - [[Maximilianus Planck]] * [[1919]] - [[Iohannes Stark]] === Anni 1920 === * [[1920]] - [[Carolus Eduardus Guillaume]] * [[1921]] - [[Albertus Einstein]] * [[1922]] - [[Nicolaus Bohr]] * [[1923]] - [[Robertus A. Millikan]] * [[1924]] - [[Manne Siegbahn]] * [[1925]] - [[Iacobus Franck]] et [[Gustavus Hertz]] * [[1926]] - [[Ioannes Baptista Perrin]] * [[1927]] - [[Arthurus H. Compton]] et [[C.T.R. Wilson]] * [[1928]] - [[Owen Willans Richardson]] * [[1929]] - [[Ludovicus Victor de Broglie]] === Anni 1930 === * [[1930]] - Sir [[Venkata Raman]] * [[1931]] - praemium non tributum * [[1932]] - [[Wernerus Heisenberg]] * [[1933]] - [[Ervinus Schrödinger]] et [[Paulus Hadrianus Mauritius Dirac]] * [[1934]] - praemium non tributum * [[1935]] - [[Iacobus Chadwick]] * [[1936]] - [[Victor F. Hess]] et [[Carolus David Anderson|Carolus D. Anderson]] * [[1937]] - [[Clinton Davisson]] et [[Georgius Paget Thomson]] * [[1938]] - [[Henricus Fermi]] * [[1939]] - [[Ernestus Lawrence]] === Anni 1940 === * [[1940]] - praemium non tributum * [[1941]] - praemium non tributum * [[1942]] - praemium non tributum * [[1943]] - [[Otto Stern]] * [[1944]] - [[Isidorus Isaacus Rabi]] * [[1945]] - [[Volfangus Pauli]] * [[1946]] - [[Percy W. Bridgman]] * [[1947]] - [[Eduardus V. Appleton]] * [[1948]] - [[Patricius M.S. Blackett]] * [[1949]] - [[Hideki Yukawa]] === Anni 1950 === * [[1950]] - [[Caecilius Powell]] * [[1951]] - [[Ioannes Cockcroft]] et [[Ernestus T.S. Walton]] * [[1952]] - [[Felix Bloch]] et [[Edwardus Mills Purcell|E. M. Purcell]] * [[1953]] - [[Frits Zernike]] * [[1954]] - [[Maximus Born]] et [[Gualterius Bothe]] * [[1955]] - [[Willis E. Lamb]] et [[Polycarpus Kusch]] * [[1956]] - [[Gulielmus Shockley|Gulielmus B. Shockley]], [[Ioannes Bardeen]] et [[Gualterius Brattain|Gualterius H. Brattain]] * [[1957]] - [[Chen Ning Yang]] et [[Tsung-Dao Lee]] * [[1958]] - [[Paulus Čerenkov]], [[Elias Frank]] et [[Inguarus Tamm]] * [[1959]] - [[Aemilius Segré]] et [[Owen Chamberlain]] === Anni 1960 === * [[1960]] - [[Donaldus A. Glaser]] * [[1961]] - [[Robertus Hofstadter]] et [[Rudolfus Mössbauer]] * [[1962]] - [[Leo Landau]] * [[1963]] - [[Eugenius Wigner]], [[Maria Goeppert-Mayer]] et [[J. Ioannis D. Jensen]] * [[1964]] - [[Carolus H. Townes]], [[Nicolaus Basov]] et [[Alexander Prochorov]] * [[1965]] - [[Ricardus Feynman]], [[Iulianus Schwinger]] et [[Shin'ichirō Tomonaga]] * [[1966]] - [[Alfredus Kastler]] * [[1967]] - [[Ioannes Bethe]] * [[1968]] - [[Aloysius Gualterius Alvarez]] * [[1969]] - [[Murray Gell-Mann]] === Anni 1970 === * [[1970]] - [[Ioannes Alfvén]] et [[Ludovicus Néel]] * [[1971]] - [[Dionysius Gabor]] * [[1972]] - [[Leo Neil Cooper]], [[Ioannes Bardeen]] et [[Ioannes Robertus Schrieffer]] * [[1973]] - [[Leo Esaki]], [[Ivar Giaever]] et [[Brian D. Josephson]] * [[1974]] - [[Martinus Ryle]] et [[Antonius Hewish]] * [[1975]] - [[Aage Nicolaus Bohr]], [[Beniaminus Roy Mottelson]] et [[Iacobus Rainwater]] * [[1976]] - [[Burtonus Richter]] et [[Samuel Ting|Samuel C.C. Ting]] * [[1977]] - [[Philippus W. Anderson]], Sir [[Nevill F. Mott]], [[Ioannes H. van Vleck]] * [[1978]] - [[Petrus Kapica]], [[Arno Allan Penzias]] et [[Robertus Woodrow Wilson]] * [[1979]] - [[Sheldon Glashow]], [[Abdus Salam]] et [[Stephanus Weinberg]] === Anni 1980 === * [[1981]] - [[Nicolaus Bloembergen]], [[Arthurus L. Schawlow]] et [[Kai M. Siegbahn]] * [[1982]] - [[Kennethus G. Wilson]] * [[1983]] - [[Subramanyan Chandrasekhar]] et [[Gulielmus A. Fowler]] * [[1984]] - [[Carolus Rubbia]] et [[Simon van der Meer]] * [[1985]] - [[Nicolaus von Klitzing]] * [[1986]] - [[Ernestus Ruska]], [[Gerhardus Binnig]], [[Henricus Rohrer]] * [[1987]] - [[J. Georgius Bednorz]], [[K. Alexander Müller]] * [[1988]] - [[Leo M. Lederman]], [[Melvin Schwartz]], [[Iacobus Steinberger]] * [[1989]] - [[Normannus F. Ramsey]], [[Ioannes G. Dehmelt]], [[Wolfgangus Paul]] === Anni 1990 === * [[1990]] - [[Hieronymus I. Friedman]], [[Henricus W. Kendall]] et [[Richardus E. Taylor]] * [[1991]] - [[Petrus Aegidius de Gennes]] * [[1992]] - [[Georgius Charpak]] * [[1993]] - [[Russell Hulse]] et [[Iosephus Hooton Taylor Jr]] * [[1994]] - [[Bertram Brockhouse]] et [[Clifford Shull]] * [[1995]] - [[Martinus L. Perl]] et [[Fridericus Reines]] * [[1996]] - [[David M. Lee]], [[Duglassius D. Osheroff]] et [[Robertus C. Richardson]] * [[1997]] - [[Stephanus Chu]], [[Claudius Cohen-Tannoudji]], [[Gulielmus D. Phillips]] * [[1998]] - [[Robertus B. Laughlin]], [[Horst Ludovicus Störmer]] et [[Daniel Chee Tsui]] * [[1999]] - [[Gerardus 't Hooft]] et [[Martinus Veltman]] === Anni 2000 === * [[2000]] - [[Jaurès Alfërov]], [[Herbertus Kroemer]] et [[Iacobus Kilby]] * [[2001]] - [[Ericus Allin Cornell]], [[Wolfgangus Ketterle]] et [[Carolus Edvinus Wieman]] * [[2002]] - [[Raimundus Davis]], [[Masatoshi Koshiba]] et [[Richardus Giacconi]] * [[2003]] - [[Alexius Abrikosov]], [[Vitalis Ginzburg]] et [[Antonius Iacobus Leggett]] * [[2004]] - [[David Gross]], [[David Politzer]] et [[Franciscus Wilczek]] * [[2005]] - [[Roy Jay Glauber|Roy J. Glauber]], [[Theodorus Hänsch]] et [[Ioannes Ludovicus Hall]] * [[2006]] - [[Ioannes C. Mather]] et [[Georgius F. Smoot]] * [[2007]] - [[Albertus Fert]] et [[Petrus Grünberg]] * [[2008]] - [[Toshihide Maskawa]], [[Yoichiro Nambu]] et [[Makoto Kobayashi]] * [[2009]] - [[Carolus Kao]], [[Willard Boyle]] et [[Georgius Smith]] === Anni 2010 === * [[2010]] - [[Andreas Geim]] et [[Constantinus Novoselov]] * [[2011]] - [[Saul Perlmutter]], [[Brianus Schmidt|Brianus P. Schmidt]] et [[Adam Riess]] * [[2012]] - [[Sergius Haroche]] et [[David Wineland]] * [[2013]] - [[Franciscus Englert]] et [[Petrus Higgs]] * [[2014]] - [[Isamu Akasaki]], [[Hiroshi Amano]] et [[Shuji Nakamura]] * [[2015]] - [[Takaaki Kajita]] et [[Arturus B. McDonald]] * [[2016]] - [[David J. Thouless]], [[Duncanus Haldane]] et [[Ioannes Michael Kosterlitz]] * [[2017]] - [[Rainerus Weiss]], [[Barry Barish]] et [[Kip Thorne]] * [[2018]] - [[Arthurus Askin]], [[Gerardus Mourou]] et [[Donna Strickland]] * [[2019]] - [[Iacobus Peebles]], [[Michael Mayor]] et [[Desiderius Queloz]] === Anni 2020 === * [[2020]] - [[Rogerius Penrose]], [[Reinhardus Genzel]] et [[Andrea Ghez]] * [[2021]] - [[Syukuro Manabe]], [[Nicolaus Hasselmann]] et [[Georgius Parisi]] * [[2022]] - [[Antonius Zeilinger]], [[Alanus Aspect]] et [[Ioannes Clauser]] * [[2023]] - [[Anna L'Huiller]], [[Franciscus Krausz]] et [[Petrus Agostini]] * [[2024]] - [[Ioannes J. Hopfield]] et [[Godefridus Hinton]] * [[2025]] - [[Ioannes Clarke]], [[Michael Devoret]] et [[Ioannes M. Martinis]] * [[2026]] - [[Franciscus Halzen]] == Nota == <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/ Pagina praemii physicae propria.] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/index.html Praemio physicae laureatorum index.] {{Ling|Anglice}} * [http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/kaiserreich/wissenschaft/nobelpreis/physik/ De Praemio physicae] in Museo historico Germaniae (''Deutsches Historisches Museum''). {{Ling|Germanice}} [[Categoria:Praemium Nobelianum Physicae|!]] 8vzq2g37ya9d3c35wgvct7rt8oww8ek Byssinum 0 91834 3993270 3712728 2026-10-06T20:54:28Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993270 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Sea silk glove lo-res.JPG|thumb|[[Digitabulum|Digitabula]] byssina [[Tarentum|Tarenti]] facta]] [[Fasciculus:Volto-Santo_01.jpg|thumb|"[[Imago Manoppello]]" panno byssino picta]] [[Fasciculus:Fine sea silk threads.JPG|thumb|[[Byssus]] ''[[Pinna nobilis|Pinnae nobilis]]'']] '''Byssinum''' (sc. textum) est pannus e [[byssus|byssis]] molluscorum (et praecipue ''[[Pinna nobilis|Pinnae nobilis]]'') textus. Fila byssi, manu ducta et suco [[limon]]is macerata, colorem aureum indelebilem accipiunt. == Nexus externi == * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20110524123208/http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/31931/title/Sticky_when_wet Sticky When Wet]" * "[http://www.lifesci.ucsb.edu/mcdb/labs/waite/byssus.html Wet Wonder Glue]" apud Waite Research Lab * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20110706221400/http://www.annatextiles.ch/exhib/exh2004/e2205bas/e2205ba.htm Project Sea-Silk]" apud [[Museum Historiae Naturalis Basileensis]] * [http://www.designboom.com/eng/education/byssus_history.html Historia telae byssinae] * [http://www.designboom.com/eng/education/byssus_howto.html Quomodo byssus neri potest] == Bibliographia == * Bretschneider, Emil. 1871. ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=kZPMZ0AkLzoC ''On the Knowledge Possessed by the Ancient Chinese of the Arabs and Arabian Colonies and Other Western Countries'']. Londinii: Trübner * Ecsedy, Hilda 1975. "Böz – An Exotic Cloth in the Chinese Imperial Court" in ''Altorientalische Forschungen'' vol. 3 pp. 145-153 * Hill, John E. (2009) ''Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd Centuries CE''. Charleston: BookSurge. ISBN 978-1-4392-2134-1 (vide Sect. 12 et appendicem B "Sea Silk") * Laufer, Berthold. 1915. "[http://books.google.com/books?id=jzGdAAAAMAAJ The Story of the Pinna and the Syrian Lamb]" in ''Journal of American Folk-lore'' vol. 28 no. 108 pp. 103-128 * McKinley, Daniel L. 1988. "Pinna and Her Silken Beard: A Foray Into Historical Misappropriations" in ''Ars Textrina'' vol. 29 pp. 9-223 * Maeder, Felicitas. 2002. "The project Sea-silk: rediscovering an ancient textile material" in ''Archaeological Textiles Newsletter'' no. 35 pp. 8-11 * Maeder, Felicitas, Ambros Hänggi et Dominik Wunderlin, edd. 2004. ''Bisso marino: fili d'oro dal fondo del mare; Muschelseide: Goldene Fäden vom Meeresgrund''. Basileae: Naturhistoriches Museum and Museum der Kulturen * Schafer, Edward H. 1967. ''The Vermillion Bird: T'ang images of the south''. Berkeley: University of California Press * Starr, Cecie et Ralph Taggart, ''Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life''. Belmont, CA: Thomson Learning, 2004 * Turner, Ruth D. et Joseph Rosewater. 1958. "The Family Pinnidae in the Western Atlantic" in ''Johnsonia'' vol. 3 (1958) pp. 285-326 [[Categoria:Textilia]] sxkvqvm26eolldx38exm5rtw5q2j8h2 Raphael Murawski 0 96531 3993159 2442741 2026-10-06T12:25:43Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993159 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Rafał Murawski.jpg |thumb|200 px|Raphael Murawski]] ''' Raphael Murawski''' (natus [[Mariaeburgum (Polonia)|Mariaeburgi]] (Polonice ''Malbork'') die [[9 Octobris]] [[1981]]) est [[pedilusor]] [[Polonia|Polonicus]]. Multos annos cum turma ''[[KKS Lech Poznań]]'' lusit. Nunc ad gregem ''[[Rubin Kasan]]'' pertinet sed etiam [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Polonica|Turmae Nationalis Polonicae]] lusor est. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Rafał Murawski|Raphaelem Murawski}} * [http://www.weltfussball.de/spieler_profil/rafal-murawski/ Pedilusoris statisticae] {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1981||Murawski, Raphael}} [[Categoria:Pedilusores Poloniae]] tri4z3zdc5u5wf6gmv0gxwbommfzwn2 Memphis 0 97966 3993219 3978107 2026-10-06T16:31:05Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20261006)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3993219 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Videdis|Memphis (discretiva)}} [[Fasciculus:Lower Egypt-en.png|thumb|Delta Nili et Memphis]] [[Fasciculus:Memphis200401.JPG|thumb|Aula [[Ramesses II|Ramessis II]] ruinosa iuxta suburbium [[Hilwan]] iacens]] '''Memphis''' ([[Graece]] {{Polytonic|Μέμφις}}) est [[urbs]] [[antiquitas|antiqua]] [[Aegyptus|Aegypti]], hodie ruinosa, olim [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[nomus Memphiticus|nomi Memphitici]] omnisque regni Aegypti ad [[Nilus|Nilum]] non procul ab extremo [[Delta Nili|delta fluminis]] ad septentrionem versa. [[Necropolis]] urbana iuxta vicum [[Saqqāra]] appellatum reperitur. Memphis est [[Episcopus titularis|sedes episcopalis titularis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]]. ==Bibliographia== * Herodotus, ''[[The Histories of Herodotus|The Histories]]'' (vol. II). * Diodorus Siculus, ''[[Bibliotheca historica]]'', (vol I). * {{Strabo}} libro decimo septimo capite primo, 31–34 * Suetonius, ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'', Pars XI: Vita Titi. * {{Cite book | last = Al-Hitta | first = Abdul Tawab | title = Excavations at Memphis of Kom el-Fakhri | year = [[1955]] | location = Cairi}} * {{Cite book | last = Ammianus Marcellinus | authorlink = Ammianus Marcellinus | author2=translation by C .D. Yonge | title = Roman History, Book XXII | publisher=Bohn | year = [[1862]] | location = Londinii | pages = 276–316 | url = http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/ammianus_22_book22.htm}} * {{Cite book | last = Anthes | first = Rudolf | title = A First Season of Excavating in Memphis | publisher=University of Philadelphia | year = [[1956]] | location = Philadelphiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Anthes | first = Rudolf | title = Memphis (Mit Rahineh) in 1956 | publisher=University of Philadelphia | year = [[1957]] | location = Philadelphiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Anthes | first = Rudolf | title = Mit Rahineh in 1955 | publisher=University of Philadelphia | year = [[1959]] | location = Philadelphiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Badawy | first = Ahmed | title = Das Grab des Kronprinzen Scheschonk, Sohnes Osorkon's II, und Hohenpriesters von Memphis | publisher=Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte, Issue 54 | year = [[1956]] | location = Cairi}} * {{Cite book | last = Baines | first = John | authorlink = | author2 = Málek, Jaromir | title = Cultural Atlas of Ancient Egypt | publisher = Andromeda | year = [[1980]] | location = Oxfordshire | isbn = 978-0-87196-334-5 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/atlasofancienteg00bain}} * {{Cite book | last = Bard | first = Katheryn A. | title = Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt | publisher=Routledge | year = [[1999]] | location = Londinii}} * {{Cite book | last = Breasted | first = James Henry | authorlink = Iacobus Henricus Breasted | title = Ancient Records of Egypt: Historical Documents from the Earliest Times to the Persian Conquest | url = https://archive.org/details/bwb_W9-BBS-763_1 | publisher=University of Chicago Press | date = [[1906]]–[[1907]] | location = Sicagi | isbn = 978-0-8160-4036-0}} * {{Cite book | last = Brugsch | first = Heinrich Karl | authorlink = | title = Collection of Egyptian monuments, Part I | publisher=J. C. Hinrichs | year = [[1862]] | location = Lipsiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Cabrol | first = Agnès | title = Amenhotep III le magnifique | publisher=Editions du Rocher | year = [[2000]] | location = Rocher}} * {{Cite book | last = Champollion | first = Jean-François | authorlink = Jean-François Champollion | title = L'Égypte sous les Pharaons | publisher=De Bure | year = [[1814]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Champollion | first = Jacques-Joseph | authorlink = Iacobus Iosephus Champollion-Figeac | title = L'Égypte Ancienne | publisher=Firmin Didot Frères | year = [[1840]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Crawford | first = D. J. | author2=Quaegebeur, J. | author3=Clarysse, W. | title = Studies on Ptolemaic Memphis | publisher=Studia Hellenistica | year = [[1980]] | location = Leuven}} * Government of France (1809–1822). ''[[Description de l'Égypte]]''. Paris: Imprimerie impériale. * {{Cite book | last = Goyon | first = Georges | title = Les ports des Pyramides et le Grand Canal de Memphis | publisher=Revue d'Égyptologie, Issue 23 | year = [[1971]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Grandet | first = Pierre | title = Le papyrus Harris I (BM 9999) | publisher=Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale | year = [[2005]] | location = Cairi}} * {{Cite book | last = Hawass | first = Zahi | author2=Verner, Miroslav | title = The Treasure of the Pyramids | year = [[2003]] | location = Vercelli}}* {{Cite book | last = Jeffreys | first = David G. | title = The Survey of Memphis | publisher=Journal of Egyptian Archaeology | year = [[1985]] | location = Londinii}} * {{Cite book | last = Joanne | first = Adolphe Laurent | author2=Isambert, Émile | title = Itinéraire descriptif, historique et archéologique de l'Orient | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_R-j547MvrRIC | publisher=Hachette | year = [[1861]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Jones | first = Michael | title = The temple of Apis in Memphis | publisher=Journal of Egyptian Archaeology (vol. 76) | year = [[1990]] | location = Londinii}} *Kamil, Jill. [[1985]].''Sakkara and Memphis: a guide to the necropolis and the ancient capital.'' Photographemata Ann Stuart Anderson; tabulae et formae Elizabeth Rodenbeck. Ed. secunda. Londinii et Novi Eboraci: Longman. ISBN 0582783801. * {{Cite book | last = Lalouette | first = Claire | title = Textes sacrés et textes profanes de l'Ancienne Égypte, (Vol II) | publisher=Gallimard | year = [[1984]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Lepsius | first = Karl Richard | authorlink = | title = Denkmäler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien | publisher=Nicolaische Buchhandlung | date = [[1849]]–[[1859]] | location = Berolini | url = http://edoc3.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/lepsius/info.html}} * {{Cite book | last = Löhr | first = Beatrix | title = Aḫanjāti in Memphis | year = [[1975]] | location = Karlsruhe}} * {{Cite book | last = Mahmud | first = Abdullah el-Sayed | title = A new temple for Hathor at Memphis | publisher=Egyptology Today, Issue 1 | year = [[1978]] | location = Cairi}} * {{Cite book | last = Málek | first = Jaromir | title = A Temple with a Noble Pylon | publisher=Archaeology Today | year = [[1988]]}} * {{Cite book | last = Mariette | first = Auguste | authorlink = Augustus Mariette | title = Monuments divers collected in Egypt and in Nubia | publisher=A. Franck | year = [[1872]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Martin | first = Geoffrey T. | title = The Hidden Tombs of Memphis | url = https://archive.org/details/hiddentombsofmem0000mart | publisher=Thames & Hudson | year = [[1991]] | location = Londinii}} * {{Cite book | last = Maspero | first = Gaston | authorlink = Gaston Maspero | title = Histoire des peuples de l'Orient | publisher=Hachette | year = [[1875]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Maspero | first = Gaston | title = Visitor's Guide to the Cairo Museum | publisher=Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale | year = [[1902]] | location = Cairi}} * {{Cite book | last = Maystre | first = Charles | title = The High Priests of Ptah of Memphis | publisher=Universitätsverlag | year = [[1992]] | location = Friburgi}} * {{Cite book | last = Meeks | first = Dimitri | title = Hommage à Serge Sauneron I | publisher=Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale | year = [[1979]] | location = Cairi}} * {{Cite book | last = Montet | first = Pierre | authorlink = | title = Géographie de l'Égypte ancienne, (Vol I) | publisher=Imprimerie Nationale | year = [[1957]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Petrie | first = W. M. Flinders, eques | authorlink = Flinders Petrie | title = Memphis I | publisher=British School of Archaeology; Egyptian Research Account | year = [[1908]]}} * {{Cite book | last = Petrie | first = W. M. Flinders, eques | title = Memphis II | publisher=British School of Archaeology; Egyptian Research Account | year = [[1908]]}} * {{Cite book | last = Petrie | first = W. M. Flinders, eques | title = Maydum and Memphis III | publisher=British School of Archaeology; Egyptian Research Account | year = [[1910]]}} * {{Cite book | last = Ramée | first = Daniel | title = Histoire générale de l'architecture | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_EdsDAAAAYAAJ_2 | publisher=Amyot | year = [[1860]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Jacques de Rougé | title = Géographie ancienne de la Basse-Égypte | url = https://archive.org/details/gographieancien00rouggoog | publisher=J. Rothschild | year = [[1891]] | location = Lutetiae}} * {{Cite book | last = Sagrillo | first = Troy | title = The Mummy of Shoshenq I Re-discovered? | publisher=Göttinger Miszellen, Issue 205 | year = [[2005]] | location = Gottingae | pages = 95–103}} * {{Cite book | last = Sourouzian | first = Hourig | title = Les monuments du roi Mérenptah | publisher=Verlag Philpp von Zabern | year = [[1989]] | location = Mainz am Rhein}} * ''Tanis: l'Or des pharaons.'' Lutetiae: Association Française d’Action Artistique. [[1987]]. * {{Cite book | last = Thévenot | first = Jean de | authorlink = | title = Relation d'un voyage fait au Levant | publisher=L. Billaine | year = [[1665]] | location = Lutetiae}} * Thompson, Dorothy. [[1988]]. ''Memphis under the Ptolemies.'' Princeton Novae Caesareae: Princeton University Press. * Thompson, Dorothy J. [[2012]]. ''Memphis under the Ptolemies.'' Ed. secunda. Princeton Novae Caesareae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691152172, ISBN 0691152179, ISBN 9780691140339, ISBN 0691140332. * {{Cite book | last = Zivie | first = Alain-Pierre | title = Memphis et ses nécropoles au Nouvel Empire | publisher=French National Centre for Scientific Research | year = [[1988]] | location = Lutetiae}} ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Memphis, Egypt|Memphitem}} {{Wikisource|Memphis|Memphitem}} * [http://www.maat.sofiatopia.org/memphis.htm ''On the Memphis Theology.''] * [http://www.ancient-egypt.org/index.html AncientEgypt.org.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130322045849/http://oi.uchicago.edu/gallery/asp_egypt_memphis/ Photographemata Memphitis.] University of Chicago. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141006052849/http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/memphis/index.html ''Digital Egypt for Universities.''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101225222549/http://www.egiptomania.com/antiguoegipto/lower/menfis.htm Photogrephemata Memphitis.] Egiptomania.com. [[Categoria:Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae]] [[Categoria:Memphis (urbs Aegypti)|!]] {{Myrias|Historia}} 8xcegmy055bqemd6hikr3lkbx2knlpz Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.) 0 106492 3993208 3159624 2026-10-06T15:36:28Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Cursus honorum */ 3993208 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcus Fulvius M. f. Ser. n. Nobilior''' (natus saeculo 3 a.C.n., mortuus post annum [[179 a.C.n.]]) vir publicus [[Imperium Romanum|Romanus]] erat. == Gens == E [[gens Fulvia|gente Fulvia]] ortus est. Filii eius [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[159 a.C.n.]] consul fuit et [[Quintus Fulvius Nobilior|Quintus]] anno [[153 a.C.n.]] summum magistratum tenuit. == Cursus honorum == Anno [[196 a.C.n.|196]] [[aedilis|aedilis curulis]] una cum [[Titus Quinctius Flamininus|Tito Quinctio Flaminino]] electus est, quocum anno [[193 a.C.n.|193]] etiam [[praetor|praeturam]] gessit. Annis 193 - [[191 a.C.n.|191]] praetor et propraetor in [[Hispania ulterior]]e feliciter pugnavit et deinde [[Ovatio|ovationem]] abstulit. Fuit [[Index consulum rei publicae|consul]] eodem anno [[189 a.C.n.]] quo [[Gnaeus Manlius Vulso]]. In insula [[Cephallenia]] et in [[Aetolia]] et [[Ambracia]] bellum gessit. Ob victorias die [[23 Decembris]] [[187 a.C.n.]] [[Triumphus|triumphavit]]; anno insequenti [[Ludus publicus|ludos]] per decem dies celebravit. Opera artis permulta e Graecia in Italiam transtulit. Livius enumerat "signa aenea septingenta octoginta quinque, signa marmorea ducenta triginta" in triumpho monstrata.<ref>[[Titus Livius]], ''[[Ab Urbe condita]]'' XIL 5,15</ref> Plinius addit, de pictore [[Zeuxis|Zeuxide]] disserens: "Fecit et figlina opera, quae sola in Ambracia relicta sunt, cum inde ''[[Musae (Zeuxis)|Musas]]'' Fulvius Nobilior Romam transferret."<ref>{{Pnh}} 35.66</ref>. Illas statuas Musarum in templo Herculis Musarum posuit quod circa 187 in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicavit et quarum imagines in [[Denarius|denariis]] [[Quintus Pomponius Musa|Quinti Pomponi Musae]] contemplari licet. Etiam multa aedificia exstrui iussit, inter quae etiam ''Basilica Fulvia'' fuit<ref>Titus Livius, op.cit. XL 45-46; 51-52</ref>. Anno [[179 a.C.n.|179]] censor electus est. {{NexInt}} * [[Triumphus Marci Fulvii Nobilioris (187 a.C.n.)]] == Bibliographia == * {{DNP|4|706||F. Nobilior, M.|[[Carolus-Ludovicus Elvers]]}} == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores=[[Lucius Cornelius P.f. Scipio Asiaticus]] et [[Gaius Laelius C.f.]]| annus= 189 a.C.n.<br />cum<br />[[Gnaeus Manlius Vulso|Gnaeo Manlio Vulsone]]| successores=[[Gaius Livius M.f. Salinator]] et [[Marcus Valerius M.f. Messalla]]}} {{Bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|saeculo 3 a.C.n.|saeculo 2 a.C.n.|Fulvius Nobilior, Marcus}} [[Categoria:Gens Fulvia|Nobilior, Marcus]] [[Categoria:Praetores]] [[Categoria:Censores]] 92lc1kx3s05pv08fuaygw7jatv2oh3i 3993210 3993208 2026-10-06T15:39:44Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Cursus honorum */ 3993210 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcus Fulvius M. f. Ser. n. Nobilior''' (natus saeculo 3 a.C.n., mortuus post annum [[179 a.C.n.]]) vir publicus [[Imperium Romanum|Romanus]] erat. == Gens == E [[gens Fulvia|gente Fulvia]] ortus est. Filii eius [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[159 a.C.n.]] consul fuit et [[Quintus Fulvius Nobilior|Quintus]] anno [[153 a.C.n.]] summum magistratum tenuit. == Cursus honorum == Anno [[196 a.C.n.|196]] [[aedilis|aedilis curulis]] una cum [[Titus Quinctius Flamininus|Tito Quinctio Flaminino]] electus est, quocum anno [[193 a.C.n.|193]] etiam [[praetor|praeturam]] gessit. Annis 193 - [[191 a.C.n.|191]] praetor et propraetor in [[Hispania ulterior]]e feliciter pugnavit et deinde [[Ovatio|ovationem]] abstulit. Fuit [[Index consulum rei publicae|consul]] eodem anno [[189 a.C.n.]] quo [[Gnaeus Manlius Vulso]]. In insula [[Cephallenia]] et in [[Aetolia]] et [[Ambracia]] bellum gessit. Ob victorias die [[23 Decembris]] [[187 a.C.n.]] [[Triumphus|triumphavit]]; anno insequenti [[Ludus publicus|ludos]] per decem dies celebravit. Opera artis permulta e Graecia in Italiam transtulit. Livius enumerat "signa aenea septingenta octoginta quinque, signa marmorea ducenta triginta" in triumpho monstrata.<ref>[[Titus Livius]], ''[[Ab Urbe condita]]'' XIL 5,15</ref> Plinius addit, de pictore [[Zeuxis|Zeuxide]] disserens: "Fecit et figlina opera, quae sola in Ambracia relicta sunt, cum inde ''[[Musae (Zeuxis)|Musas]]'' Fulvius Nobilior Romam transferret."<ref>{{Pnh}} 35.66</ref>. Illas statuas Musarum in templo Herculis Musarum posuit quod circa 187 in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicavit et quarum imagines in [[Denarius|denariis]] [[Quintus Pomponius Musa|Quinti Pomponi Musae]] contemplari licet. Etiam multa alia aedificia exstrui iussit, inter quae etiam ''Basilica Fulvia'' fuit<ref>Titus Livius, op.cit. XL 45-46; 51-52</ref>. Anno [[179 a.C.n.|179]] censor electus est. {{NexInt}} * [[Triumphus Marci Fulvii Nobilioris (187 a.C.n.)]] == Bibliographia == * {{DNP|4|706||F. Nobilior, M.|[[Carolus-Ludovicus Elvers]]}} == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores=[[Lucius Cornelius P.f. Scipio Asiaticus]] et [[Gaius Laelius C.f.]]| annus= 189 a.C.n.<br />cum<br />[[Gnaeus Manlius Vulso|Gnaeo Manlio Vulsone]]| successores=[[Gaius Livius M.f. Salinator]] et [[Marcus Valerius M.f. Messalla]]}} {{Bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|saeculo 3 a.C.n.|saeculo 2 a.C.n.|Fulvius Nobilior, Marcus}} [[Categoria:Gens Fulvia|Nobilior, Marcus]] [[Categoria:Praetores]] [[Categoria:Censores]] pekgrs0chee803x5yt7o79xsbqwj1rk 3993239 3993210 2026-10-06T18:34:24Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Cursus honorum */ 3993239 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcus Fulvius M. f. Ser. n. Nobilior''' (natus saeculo 3 a.C.n., mortuus post annum [[179 a.C.n.]]) vir publicus [[Imperium Romanum|Romanus]] erat. == Gens == E [[gens Fulvia|gente Fulvia]] ortus est. Filii eius [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[159 a.C.n.]] consul fuit et [[Quintus Fulvius Nobilior|Quintus]] anno [[153 a.C.n.]] summum magistratum tenuit. == Cursus honorum == Anno [[196 a.C.n.|196]] [[aedilis|aedilis curulis]] una cum [[Titus Quinctius Flamininus|Tito Quinctio Flaminino]] electus est, quocum anno [[193 a.C.n.|193]] etiam [[praetor|praeturam]] gessit. Annis 193 - [[191 a.C.n.|191]] praetor et propraetor in [[Hispania ulterior]]e feliciter pugnavit et deinde [[Ovatio|ovationem]] abstulit. Fuit [[Index consulum rei publicae|consul]] eodem anno [[189 a.C.n.]] quo [[Gnaeus Manlius Vulso]]. In insula [[Cephallenia]] et in [[Aetolia]] et [[Ambracia]] bellum gessit. Ob victorias die [[23 Decembris]] [[187 a.C.n.]] [[Triumphus|triumphavit]]; anno insequenti [[Ludus publicus|ludos]] per decem dies celebravit. Opera artis permulta e Graecia in Italiam transtulit. Livius enumerat "signa aenea septingenta octoginta quinque, signa marmorea ducenta triginta" in triumpho monstrata.<ref>[[Titus Livius]], ''[[Ab Urbe condita]]'' XIL 5,15</ref> Plinius addit, de pictore [[Zeuxis|Zeuxide]] disserens: "Fecit et figlina opera, quae sola in Ambracia relicta sunt, cum inde ''[[Musae (Zeuxis)|Musas]]'' Fulvius Nobilior Romam transferret."<ref>{{Pnh}} 35.66</ref>. Illas statuas Musarum in aede Herculis Musarum posuit quod circa 187 in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicavit et quarum imagines in [[Denarius|denariis]] [[Quintus Pomponius Musa|Quinti Pomponi Musae]] contemplari licet. Etiam multa alia aedificia exstrui iussit, inter quae etiam ''Basilica Fulvia'' fuit<ref>Titus Livius, op.cit. XL 45-46; 51-52</ref>. Anno [[179 a.C.n.|179]] censor electus est. {{NexInt}} * [[Triumphus Marci Fulvii Nobilioris (187 a.C.n.)]] == Bibliographia == * {{DNP|4|706||F. Nobilior, M.|[[Carolus-Ludovicus Elvers]]}} == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores=[[Lucius Cornelius P.f. Scipio Asiaticus]] et [[Gaius Laelius C.f.]]| annus= 189 a.C.n.<br />cum<br />[[Gnaeus Manlius Vulso|Gnaeo Manlio Vulsone]]| successores=[[Gaius Livius M.f. Salinator]] et [[Marcus Valerius M.f. Messalla]]}} {{Bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|saeculo 3 a.C.n.|saeculo 2 a.C.n.|Fulvius Nobilior, Marcus}} [[Categoria:Gens Fulvia|Nobilior, Marcus]] [[Categoria:Praetores]] [[Categoria:Censores]] hylsvuudsvw15qjs5en3qcuzro2oqhl 3993242 3993239 2026-10-06T18:37:39Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Cursus honorum */ 3993242 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Marcus Fulvius M. f. Ser. n. Nobilior''' (natus saeculo 3 a.C.n., mortuus post annum [[179 a.C.n.]]) vir publicus [[Imperium Romanum|Romanus]] erat. == Gens == E [[gens Fulvia|gente Fulvia]] ortus est. Filii eius [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[159 a.C.n.]] consul fuit et [[Quintus Fulvius Nobilior|Quintus]] anno [[153 a.C.n.]] summum magistratum tenuit. == Cursus honorum == Anno [[196 a.C.n.|196]] [[aedilis|aedilis curulis]] una cum [[Titus Quinctius Flamininus|Tito Quinctio Flaminino]] electus est, quocum anno [[193 a.C.n.|193]] etiam [[praetor|praeturam]] gessit. Annis 193 - [[191 a.C.n.|191]] praetor et propraetor in [[Hispania ulterior]]e feliciter pugnavit et deinde [[Ovatio|ovationem]] abstulit. Fuit [[Index consulum rei publicae|consul]] eodem anno [[189 a.C.n.]] quo [[Gnaeus Manlius Vulso]]. In insula [[Cephallenia]] et in [[Aetolia]] et [[Ambracia]] bellum gessit. Ob victorias die [[23 Decembris]] [[187 a.C.n.]] [[Triumphus|triumphavit]]; anno insequenti [[Ludus publicus|ludos]] per decem dies celebravit. Opera artis permulta e Graecia in Italiam transtulit. Livius enumerat "signa aenea septingenta octoginta quinque, signa marmorea ducenta triginta" in triumpho monstrata.<ref>[[Titus Livius]], ''[[Ab Urbe condita]]'' XIL 5,15</ref> Plinius addit, de pictore [[Zeuxis|Zeuxide]] disserens: "Fecit et figlina opera, quae sola in Ambracia relicta sunt, cum inde ''[[Musae (Zeuxis)|Musas]]'' Fulvius Nobilior Romam transferret."<ref>{{Pnh}} 35.66</ref>. Illas statuas Musarum in aede Herculis Musarum posuit quod circa 187 in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicavit et quarum imagines in [[Denarius|denariis]] [[Quintus Pomponius Musa|Quinti Pomponi Musae]] contemplari licet. Multa alia aedificia exstrui iussit, inter quae etiam ''Basilica Fulvia'' fuit<ref>Titus Livius, op.cit. XL 45-46; 51-52</ref>. Anno [[179 a.C.n.|179]] censor electus est. {{NexInt}} * [[Triumphus Marci Fulvii Nobilioris (187 a.C.n.)]] == Bibliographia == * {{DNP|4|706||F. Nobilior, M.|[[Carolus-Ludovicus Elvers]]}} == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> {{Index consulum rei publicae| praedecessores=[[Lucius Cornelius P.f. Scipio Asiaticus]] et [[Gaius Laelius C.f.]]| annus= 189 a.C.n.<br />cum<br />[[Gnaeus Manlius Vulso|Gnaeo Manlio Vulsone]]| successores=[[Gaius Livius M.f. Salinator]] et [[Marcus Valerius M.f. Messalla]]}} {{Bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|saeculo 3 a.C.n.|saeculo 2 a.C.n.|Fulvius Nobilior, Marcus}} [[Categoria:Gens Fulvia|Nobilior, Marcus]] [[Categoria:Praetores]] [[Categoria:Censores]] mtq794cvabixm1wzkfpncpre5chcwxz Comitatus Bereghiensis (regio historica) 0 107783 3993313 3748532 2026-10-07T03:31:41Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993313 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Bereg.png|thumb|200 px|Situs comitatus in [[Regnum Hungaricum|Regno Hungarico]]]] [[Fasciculus:Bereg county map.jpg|thumb|200 px|left|Comitatus tabula anni [[1891]]]] ''' Comitatus Bereghiensis'''<ref>{{Graesse}}</ref> vel '''Beregiensis'''<ref>Cf. [http://nektar.oszk.hu/en/manifestation/3000458 Ode ad ... Josephum Eszterházy de Galantha] {{Nexus deficit|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ([[Hungarice]] ''Bereg vármegye'' et [[Germanice]] ''Komitat Berg '' ) erat unus sexaginta trium [[Regnum Hungaricum|Regni Hungarici]] comitatus cuius maxima pars nunc ad [[Ucraina]]m minima ad [[Hungaria]]m pertinet. Urbs [[Peregium]] erat caput huius circuli, cui 236611 incolarum anno [[1910]] erant. ==Nota== <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index comitatuum Regni Hungariae]] {{hist-stipula}} {{Comitatus antiqui Regni Hungarici}} [[Categoria:Comitatus antiqui Regni Hungarici|Beregiensis comitatus]] [[Categoria:Transcarpathia]] ntuu768g3o9oe570d8ddd23v8a4vft1 Corypha 0 112870 3993318 3714512 2026-10-07T04:42:58Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{taxobox |name = ''Corypha'' |image = Corypha umbraculifera 1913.jpg |image_caption = ''Corypha umbraculifera''&thinsp;; imago anno [[1913]] picta |regnum = [[Plantae]] |unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] |unranked_classis = [[Monocotyledones]] |unranked_ordo = [[Commelinidae]] |ordo = [[Arecales]] |familia = [[Arecaceae]] |subfamilia = [[Coryphoideae]] |tribus = [[Corypheae]] |genus = '''''Corypha''''' |genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]] |subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision = Vide commentarium. |}} '''''Corypha''''' est [[genus (taxinomia)|genus]] [[species (taxinomia)|specierum]]<!-- (the World Checklist (WCSP) does not recognise ''C. macropoda'', but IUCN does)--> sex aut septem [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Arecaceae|Arecacearum]], in [[India]], [[Malaesia]], [[Indonesia]], [[Philippinae|Philippinis]], [[Nova Guinea]], et [[Australia]] septentrio-orientali (in [[Promontorium Paeninsulae Eboraci|Promontorio Paeninsulae Eboraci]] [[Terra Reginae|Terrae Reginae]]) [[endemismus|endemicarum]]. Se [[tribus|tribum]] [[Corypheae|Coryphearum]] coniunctim componunt, [[folium|foliis]] in [[petiolus|petiolo]] longo in rotundo multorum [[foliolum|foliolorum]] flabello terminando. Eae sunt magnae palmae, magnis foliis flabellatis validisque petiolis ad 2–5&thinsp;m longis. Altitudines 20–40&thinsp;m attingunt, [[diametrum|diametro]] trunci ad 1–1.5&thinsp;m. ;Species *''[[Corypha griffithiana]]'' *''[[Corypha lecomtei]]'' *''[[Corypha macropoda]]'' *''[[Corypha microclada]]'' *''[[Corypha taliera]]'' *''[[Corypha umbraculifera]]'' *''[[Corypha utan]]'' (syn. ''C. elata, C. gebang'') ==Usus== [[Folium|Folia]] saepe ad [[casa]]s [[stramentum|stramento]] tegendas et ad [[corbis|corbes]] contexendos adhibentur. Tria genera [[fibra]]e—[[buntal]], [[buri]], [[raffia]]—ex [[planta]] obtineri possunt. ==Nexus externi== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060831070219/http://www.pacsoa.org.au/palms/Corypha/utanQ.html PACSOA: ''Corypha utan'' in Australia] [[Fasciculus:Cory utan 070909 0263 rwg.jpg|thumb|''[[Corypha utan]]'']] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060831070219/http://www.pacsoa.org.au/palms/Corypha/utanQ.html PACSOA: index ''Corypharum''] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070929133109/http://www.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do?plantName=Corypha&page=quickSearch WCSP, Mundialis Delectarum Familiarum Plantarum Index: ''Corypha''] == Nexus externi == {{Fontes de plantis}} [[Categoria:Genera plantarum]]{{Titulus italicus}} [[Categoria:Corypha|!]] [[Categoria:Flora Australiae]] [[Categoria:Flora Indiae]] [[Categoria:Flora Indonesiae]] [[Categoria:Flora Malaesiae]] [[Categoria:Flora Novae Guineae]] [[Categoria:Flora Philippinarum]] [[Categoria:Taxa Linnaei]] o0s0kbdfeebh6eeccb6v81f75lkuurl Dagneux 0 119832 3993320 3447232 2026-10-07T05:55:16Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993320 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 01142.png|thumb|left|250px|Dagneux: communis tabula]] [[Fasciculus: Town_hall_of_Dagneux.JPG|thumb|250px|Dagneux: [[curia municipalis]]]] ''' Dagneux''' est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 4'169 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Indis (praefectura Franciae)|Indis]] in regione orientali [[Rhodanus et Alpes|Rhodano et Alpibus]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Arvernia Rhodanus et Alpes|Arvernia Rhodano et Alpibus]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Indis|Indicem communium praefecturae Indis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Dagneux|Dagneux}} * {{INSEE commune|01142|de=Dagneux}} * [http://www.ville-dagneux.fr/index.php?PHPSESSID=5270a13e636c1891eafe63dbb57e6e91&class=communes&function=index&template=matricecommune.html&file=indexcommune.html&nocache=1&resolution=800 Dagneux pagina interretialis] {{Nexus deficit|date=October 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=11464 De hoc commune apud Cassini] [[Fasciculus:Blason ville fr Dagneux (Ain).svg|thumb|left|80 px|Dagneux: [[insigne]]]] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Idani]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Idani]] dog1pazqr4xs2muiklqxon3qbpwpw2m Index communium praefecturae Vosegi 0 123776 3993247 3992843 2026-10-06T18:43:37Z Pippobuono 54500 nomen latinum 3993247 wikitext text/x-wiki Hic est index [[commune|communium]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] praefecturae [[Francia|Francicae]], cui subsunt communia 515 numero. [[Fasciculus:Vosges-Position.png|thumb|Situs praefecturae]] [[Fasciculus: Senones vu du Petit Paris.jpg|thumb|Despectus in ''[[ Senones ]]'']] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 88001 | 88270 | [[Les Ableuvenettes]] |- | 88002 | 88500 | [[Ahéville]] |- | 88003 | 88140 | [[Aingeville]] |- | 88004 | 88320 | [[Ainvelle (Vosegus)|Ainvelle]] |- | 88005 | 88110 | [[Allarmont]] |- | 88006 | 88500 | [[Ambacuria]] |- | 88007 | 88410 | [[Ameuvelle]] |- | 88008 | 88700 | [[Anglemont]] |- | 88009 | 88650 | [[Anould]] |- | 88010 | 88170 | [[Aouze]] |- | 88011 | 88380 | [[Arches (Vosegus)|Arches]] |- | 88012 | 88380 | [[Archettes]] |- | 88013 | 88170 | [[Aroffe]] |- | 88014 | 88430 | [[Arrentès-de-Corcieux]] |- | 88015 | 88300 | [[Attignéville]] |- | 88016 | 88260 | [[Attigny (Vosegus)|Attigny]] |- | 88017 | 88300 | [[Aulnois]] |- | 88019 | 88300 | [[Autigny-la-Tour]] |- | 88020 | 88300 | [[Autreville (Vosegus)|Autreville]] |- | 88021 | 88700 | [[Autrey (Vosegus)|Autrey]] |- | 88022 | 88140 | [[Auzainvilliers]] |- | 88023 | 88500 | [[Avillers (Vosegus)|Avillers]] |- | 88024 | 88130 | [[Avrainville (Vosegus)|Avrainville]] |- | 88025 | 88630 | [[Avranville]] |- | 88026 | 88600 | [[Aidella]] |- | 88027 | 88330 | [[Badménil-aux-Bois]] |- | 88028 | 88460 | [[La Baffe]] |- | 88029 | 88240 | [[La Vôge-les-Bains]] |- | 88030 | 88270 | [[Bainville-aux-Saules]] |- | 88031 | 88170 | [[Balléville]] |- | 88032 | 88520 | [[Aquilina (Sanctus Deodatus)|Aquilina]] |- | 88033 | 88210 | [[Ban-de-Sapt]] |- | 88106 | 88230 | [[Ban-sur-Meurthe-Clefcy]] |- | 88035 | 88640 | [[Barbey-Seroux]] |- | 88036 | 88300 | [[Barville (Vosegus)|Barville]] |- | 88037 | 88120 | [[Basse-sur-le-Rupt]] |- | 88038 | 88130 | [[Battexey]] |- | 88039 | 88500 | [[Baudricourt]] |- | 88040 | 88150 | [[Bayecourt]] |- | 88041 | 88270 | [[Bazegney]] |- | 88042 | 88700 | [[Bazien]] |- | 88043 | 88500 | [[Bazoilles-et-Ménil]] |- | 88044 | 88300 | [[Bazoilles-sur-Meuse]] |- | 88045 | 88300 | [[Beaufremont]] |- | 88046 | 88600 | [[Beauménil]] |- | 88047 | 88270 | [[Begnécourt]] |- | 88048 | 88370 | [[Bellefontaine (Vosegus)|Bellefontaine]] |- | 88049 | 88260 | [[Belmont-lès-Darney]] |- | 88050 | 88600 | [[Belmont-sur-Buttant]] |- | 88051 | 88800 | [[Belmont-sur-Vair]] |- | 88052 | 88260 | [[Belrupt]] |- | 88053 | 88210 | [[Belval (Vosegus)|Belval]] |- | 88054 | 88520 | [[Bertrimoutier]] |- | 88055 | 88450 | [[Bettegney-Saint-Brice]] |- | 88056 | 88500 | [[Bettoncourt]] |- | 88057 | 88490 | [[Le Beulay]] |- | 88058 | 88170 | [[Biécourt]] |- | 88059 | 88430 | [[Biffontaine]] |- | 88060 | 88500 | [[Blémerey (Vosegus)|Blémerey]] |- | 88061 | 88410 | [[Bleurville]] |- | 88062 | 88320 | [[Blevaincourt]] |- | 88063 | 88270 | [[Bocquegney]] |- | 88064 | 88600 | [[Bois-de-Champ]] |- | 88065 | 88260 | [[Bonvillet]] |- | 88066 | 88500 | [[Boulaincourt]] |- | 88068 | 88470 | [[La Bourgonce]] |- | 88069 | 88270 | [[Bouxières-aux-Bois]] |- | 88070 | 88130 | [[Bouxurulles]] |- | 88071 | 88270 | [[Bouzemont]] |- | 88073 | 88130 | [[Brantigny]] |- | 88074 | 88350 | [[Brechainville]] |- | 88075 | 88250 | [[La Bresse]] |- | 88076 | 88600 | [[Brouvelieures]] |- | 88077 | 88700 | [[Brû]] |- | 88078 | 88600 | [[Bruyères]] |- | 88079 | 88140 | [[Boloniacivilla]] |- | 88080 | 88700 | [[Bult]] |- | 88081 | 88540 | [[Bussang]] |- | 88082 | 88110 | [[Celles-sur-Plaine]] |- | 88083 | 88300 | [[Certilleux]] |- | 88084 | 88130 | [[Chamagne]] |- | 88085 | 88640 | [[Champdray]] |- | 88086 | 88600 | [[Ducis Campus|Champ-le-Duc]] |- | 88087 | 88000 | [[Chantraine (commune)|Chantraine]] |- | 88088 | 88240 | [[La Chapelle-aux-Bois]] |- | 88089 | 88600 | [[La Chapelle-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88090 | 88130 | [[Carpinia]] |- | 88091 | 88460 | [[Charmois-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88092 | 88270 | [[Charmois-l'Orgueilleux]] |- | 88093 | 88210 | [[Châtas]] |- | 88094 | 88330 | [[Châtel-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88095 | 88170 | [[Châtenois (Vosegus)|Châtenois]] |- | 88096 | 88410 | [[Châtillon-sur-Saône]] |- | 88097 | 88500 | [[Chauffecourt]] |- | 88098 | 88390 | [[Chaumousey]] |- | 88099 | 88150 | [[Chavelot]] |- | 88100 | 88500 | [[Chef-Haut]] |- | 88101 | 88460 | [[Cheniménil]] |- | 88102 | 88630 | [[Chermisey]] |- | 88103 | 88270 | [[Circourt]] |- | 88104 | 88300 | [[Circourt-sur-Mouzon]] |- | 88105 | 88410 | [[Claudon]] |- | 88107 | 88630 | [[Clérey-la-Côte]] |- | 88108 | 88240 | [[Le Clerjus]] |- | 88109 | 88120 | [[Cleurie]] |- | 88110 | 88700 | [[Clézentaine]] |- | 88111 | 88100 | [[Coinches]] |- | 88113 | 88490 | [[Combrimont]] |- | 88114 | 88140 | [[Gundrecivilla]] |- | 88115 | 88430 | [[Corcieux]] |- | 88116 | 88310 | [[Cornimont]] |- | 88117 | 88170 | [[Courcelles-sous-Châtenois]] |- | 88118 | 88630 | [[Cussiacum (Vosegus)|Cussiacum]] |- | 88119 | 88140 | [[Crainvilliers]] |- | 88120 | 88520 | [[La Croix-aux-Mines]] |- | 88121 | 88330 | [[Damas-aux-Bois]] |- | 88122 | 88270 | [[Damas-et-Bettegney]] |- | 88123 | 88320 | [[Damblain]] |- | 88124 | 88260 | [[Darney]] |- | 88125 | 88170 | [[Darney-aux-Chênes]] |- | 88126 | 88390 | [[Darnieulles]] |- | 88127 | 88700 | [[Deinvillers]] |- | 88128 | 88210 | [[Denipaire]] |- | 88129 | 88270 | [[Derbamont]] |- | 88130 | 88600 | [[Destord]] |- | 88131 | 88600 | [[Deycimont]] |- | 88132 | 88000 | [[Deyvillers]] |- | 88133 | 88000 | [[Dignonville]] |- | 88134 | 88000 | [[Dinozé]] |- | 88135 | 88460 | [[Docelles]] |- | 88136 | 88000 | [[Dogneville]] |- | 88137 | 88170 | [[Dolaincourt]] |- | 88138 | 88260 | [[Dombasle-devant-Darney]] |- | 88139 | 88500 | [[Dombasle-en-Xaintois]] |- | 88140 | 88140 | [[Dombrot-le-Sec]] |- | 88141 | 88170 | [[Dombrot-sur-Vair]] |- | 88144 | 88500 | [[Domèvre-sous-Montfort]] |- | 88142 | 88390 | [[Domèvre-sur-Avière]] |- | 88143 | 88330 | [[Domèvre-sur-Durbion]] |- | 88145 | 88600 | [[Domfaing]] |- | 88146 | 88800 | [[Domjulien]] |- | 88147 | 88390 | [[Dommartin-aux-Bois]] |- | 88148 | 88200 | [[Domnus Martinus (Romaricus Mons)]] |- | 88149 | 88260 | [[Dommartin-lès-Vallois]] |- | 88150 | 88170 | [[Dommartin-sur-Vraine]] |- | 88151 | 88270 | [[Donoparium]] |- | 88152 | 88600 | [[Dompierre (Vosegus)|Dompierre]] |- | 88153 | 88700 | [[Domptail]] |- | 88154 | 88630 | [[Domnum Remigium]] |- | 88155 | 88500 | [[Domvallier]] |- | 88156 | 88700 | [[Doncières]] |- | 88157 | 88220 | [[Dounoux]] |- | 88158 | 88510 | [[Éloyes]] |- | 88159 | 88650 | [[Entre-deux-Eaux]] |- | 88160 | 88000 | [[Spinalium]] |- | 88161 | 88260 | [[Escles]] |- | 88162 | 88260 | [[Esley]] |- | 88163 | 88130 | [[Essegney]] |- | 88164 | 88500 | [[Estrennes]] |- | 88165 | 88480 | [[Étival-Clairefontaine]] |- | 88166 | 88450 | [[Évaux-et-Ménil]] |- | 88167 | 88460 | [[Faucompierre]] |- | 88168 | 88700 | [[Fauconcuria]] |- | 88169 | 88600 | [[Fays (Vosegus)|Fays]] |- | 88170 | 88360 | [[Ferdrupt]] |- | 88171 | 88410 | [[Fignévelle]] |- | 88172 | 88600 | [[Fiménil]] |- | 88173 | 88130 | [[Florémont]] |- | 88174 | 88390 | [[Folmeriacum]] |- | 88175 | 88600 | [[Fontenetum (Vosegus)|Fontenetum]] |- | 88176 | 88240 | [[Fontiniacum]] |- | 88177 | 88530 | [[La Forge (Vosegus)|La Forge]] |- | 88178 | 88390 | [[Les Forges (Vosegus)|Les Forges]] |- | 88179 | 88320 | [[Fulchericurtis]] |- | 88180 | 88320 | [[Franum]] |- | 88181 | 88230 | [[Fracia]] |- | 88182 | 88490 | [[Frapelle]] |- | 88183 | 88630 | [[Frebecuria]] |- | 88184 | 88600 | [[Formicae Fons]] |- | 88185 | 88500 | [[Franellum Magnum]] |- | 88186 | 88500 | [[Franellum Rubeum]] |- | 88187 | 88270 | [[Frasnido]] |- | 88188 | 88160 | [[Frascia]] |- | 88189 | 88350 | [[Frevilla (Vosegus)|Frevilla]] |- | 88190 | 88440 | [[Frizon]] |- | 88192 | 88270 | [[Gelvécourt-et-Adompt]] |- | 88193 | 88520 | [[Gemaingoutte]] |- | 88194 | 88170 | [[Geminorum curia]] |- | 88195 | 88140 | [[Iandrevilla]] |- | 88196 | 88400 | [[Gerardi Mare]] |- | 88197 | 88120 | [[Gerbamont]] |- | 88198 | 88430 | [[Gerbépal]] |- | 88199 | 88320 | [[Gingivilla]] |- | 88200 | 88390 | [[Gehennium]] |- | 88201 | 88390 | [[Girancurtis]] |- | 88202 | 88500 | [[Gircuria]] |- | 88203 | 88600 | [[Girecuria]] |- | 88205 | 88340 | [[Girmont-Val-d'Ajol]] |- | 88206 | 88170 | [[Gironcuria (Vosegus)|Gironcuria]] |- | 88208 | 88410 | [[Gondoncuria]] |- | 88209 | 88190 | [[Golbey]] |- | 88210 | 88270 | [[Gorhey]] |- | 88212 | 88350 | [[Grannum]] |- | 88213 | 88490 | [[Magna Fossa]] |- | 88215 | 88210 | [[Grandrupt]] |- | 88214 | 88240 | [[Grandrupt-de-Bains]] |- | 88216 | 88600 | [[Granvillare]] |- | 88218 | 88640 | [[Granges-Aumontzey]] |- | 88219 | 88630 | [[Grussius]] |- | 88220 | 88410 | [[Greniancuria]] |- | 88221 | 88240 | [[Gruetum]] |- | 88222 | 88600 | [[Gognacuria]] |- | 88223 | 88450 | [[Guneiacum]] |- | 88224 | 88330 | [[Haldiniacum]] |- | 88225 | 88220 | [[Hadolia]] |- | 88226 | 88270 | [[Hagericurtis]] |- | 88227 | 88300 | [[Hagnéville-et-Roncourt]] |- | 88228 | 88330 | [[Haillainville]] |- | 88229 | 88300 | [[Harchéchamp]] |- | 88230 | 88700 | [[Hardancuria]] |- | 88231 | 88800 | [[Haraevilla ad Mosam]] |- | 88232 | 88300 | [[Hermonis villa]] |- | 88233 | 88270 | [[Harol]] |- | 88236 | 88240 | [[La Haye (Vosegus)|La Haye]] |- | 88237 | 88270 | [[Hennecuria]] |- | 88238 | 88260 | [[Hennezel]] |- | 88239 | 88130 | [[Haruniacum]] |- | 88240 | 88600 | [[Herpemons]] |- | 88241 | 88170 | [[Houécourt]] |- | 88242 | 88300 | [[Houéville]] |- | 88243 | 88700 | [[Housseras]] |- | 88244 | 88430 | [[La Houssière]] |- | 88245 | 88210 | [[Horbacum]] |- | 88246 | 88500 | [[Hymont]] |- | 88247 | 88150 | [[Igniacum (Vosegus)|Igniacum]] |- | 88248 | 88320 | [[Isches]] |- | 88249 | 88300 | [[Gedanis villa]] |- | 88250 | 88550 | [[Jarménil]] |- | 88251 | 88700 | [[Ioannis Manile]] |- | 88252 | 88260 | [[Jésonville]] |- | 88253 | 88000 | [[Jeuxey]] |- | 88254 | 88500 | [[Jorxey]] |- | 88255 | 88630 | [[Jubani villa]] |- | 88256 | 88640 | [[Jussarupt]] |- | 88257 | 88500 | [[Jevancuria]] |- | 88258 | 88320 | [[Marchia (Vosegus)|Marchia]] |- | 88259 | 88300 | [[Landini villa]] |- | 88260 | 88130 | [[Langley (Vosegus)|Langley]] |- | 88261 | 88600 | [[Laval-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88262 | 88600 | [[Aquilina (Spinalium)|Aquilina]] |- | 88263 | 88640 | [[Laveline-du-Houx]] |- | 88264 | 88270 | [[Légéville-et-Bonfays]] |- | 88265 | 88300 | [[Lemmecuria]] |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 88266 | 88600 | [[Lépanges-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88267 | 88260 | [[Larino]] |- | 88268 | 88490 | [[Lesseux]] |- | 88269 | 88400 | [[Liézey]] |- | 88270 | 88350 | [[Liffodium]] |- | 88271 | 88800 | [[Legisvilla]] |- | 88272 | 88410 | [[Lyroncuria]] |- | 88273 | 88000 | [[Longus Campus (Vosegus)|Longus Campus]] |- | 88274 | 88170 | [[Longus Campus subtus Castinetum]] |- | 88275 | 88490 | [[Lubine]] |- | 88276 | 88490 | [[Lussia]] |- | 88277 | 88110 | [[Luviniacus]] |- | 88278 | 88170 | [[Macuncurtis]] |- | 88279 | 88270 | [[Madecuria]] |- | 88280 | 88450 | [[Maldisinum]] |- | 88281 | 88270 | [[Madonne-et-Lamerey]] |- | 88283 | 88140 | [[Malini curia]] |- | 88284 | 88650 | [[Mandray]] |- | 88285 | 88800 | [[Manderae]] |- | 88286 | 88130 | [[Mareinvilla]] |- | 88287 | 88320 | [[Mariacum (Vosegus)|Mariacum]] |- | 88288 | 88270 | [[Monroniscurtis]] |- | 88289 | 88320 | [[Martiniacum (Vosegus)|Martiniacum]] |- | 88290 | 88300 | [[Martigny-les-Gerbonvaux]] |- | 88291 | 88410 | [[Martinvelle]] |- | 88292 | 88500 | [[Mataincuria]] |- | 88293 | 88630 | [[Maxey-sur-Meuse]] |- | 88294 | 88150 | [[Mazeley]] |- | 88295 | 88500 | [[Maceriolae]] |- | 88296 | 88140 | [[Madonis villa]] |- | 88297 | 88600 | [[Méménil]] |- | 88298 | 88700 | [[Menardi Mons]] |- | 88302 | 88160 | [[Le Ménil]] |- | 88300 | 88210 | [[Ménil-de-Senones]] |- | 88299 | 88500 | [[Mansile in Sanctesio]] |- | 88301 | 88700 | [[Ménil-sur-Belvitte]] |- | 88303 | 88630 | [[Mudrevallis]] |- | 88304 | 88500 | [[Mirecurtium]] |- | 88305 | 88630 | [[Moncel-sur-Vair]] |- | 88306 | 88210 | [[Le Mont]] |- | 88309 | 88800 | [[Monthureux-le-Sec]] |- | 88310 | 88410 | [[Monthureux-sur-Saône]] |- | 88307 | 88320 | [[Mont-lès-Lamarche]] |- | 88308 | 88300 | [[Montes ante Novum Castrum]] |- | 88311 | 88240 | [[Montmotier]] |- | 88312 | 88170 | [[Morelli Domus]] |- | 88313 | 88330 | [[Murini villa]] |- | 88314 | 88320 | [[Morizécourt]] |- | 88315 | 88600 | [[Mors Agni]] |- | 88316 | 88140 | [[Maurivilla]] |- | 88317 | 88210 | [[Moussey (Vosegus)|Moussey]] |- | 88318 | 88700 | [[Medius Mons (Vosegus)|Medius Mons]] |- | 88319 | 88420 | [[Medianum Monasterium]] |- | 88320 | 88100 | [[Nayemont-les-Fosses]] |- | 88321 | 88300 | [[Neocastrum (Francia)|Neocastrum]] |- | 88322 | 88600 | [[La Neuveville-devant-Lépanges]] |- | 88324 | 88170 | [[La Neuveville-sous-Châtenois]] |- | 88325 | 88800 | [[La Neuveville-sous-Montfort]] |- | 88326 | 88100 | [[Neuvillers-sur-Fave]] |- | 88327 | 88440 | [[Nomexy]] |- | 88328 | 88470 | [[Nompardivilla]] |- | 88330 | 88260 | [[Novilla (Vosegus)|Novilla]] |- | 88331 | 88600 | [[Nontiavilla]] |- | 88332 | 88800 | [[Noretum]] |- | 88333 | 88700 | [[Nossoncourt]] |- | 88334 | 88500 | [[Ollevilla]] |- | 88335 | 88500 | [[Offroicourt]] |- | 88336 | 88170 | [[Audoleni villa]] |- | 88338 | 88700 | [[Ortonis curia]] |- | 88340 | 88700 | [[Padua (Vosegus)|Padua]] |- | 88341 | 88100 | [[Pair-et-Grandrupt]] |- | 88342 | 88330 | [[Pallegney]] |- | 88343 | 88800 | [[Paretum (Vosegus)|Paretum]] |- | 88344 | 88350 | [[Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem]] |- | 88345 | 88490 | [[La Petite-Fosse]] |- | 88346 | 88210 | [[La Petite-Raon]] |- | 88347 | 88270 | [[Petraficta (Vosegus)|Petraficta]] |- | 88348 | 88600 | [[Petreus Pons]] |- | 88349 | 88230 | [[Plenifesium]] |- | 88350 | 88170 | [[Pluvesia]] |- | 88351 | 88370 | [[Plumberae]] |- | 88352 | 88300 | [[Pomperra (Vosegus)|Pomperra]] |- | 88353 | 88260 | [[Pons iuxta Undinovilla]] |- | 88354 | 88500 | [[Pont-sur-Madon]] |- | 88355 | 88330 | [[Portus Caelorum]] |- | 88356 | 88600 | [[Les Poulières]] |- | 88357 | 88500 | [[Portus Suavis]] |- | 88358 | 88550 | [[Pouxeux]] |- | 88359 | 88600 | [[Prey (Vosegus)|Prey]] |- | 88360 | 88260 | [[Provenchères-lès-Darney]] |- | 88361 | 88490 | [[Provenchères-et-Colroy]] |- | 88362 | 88210 | [[Le Puid]] |- | 88363 | 88630 | [[Purneretum]] |- | 88364 | 88500 | [[Puzieux (Vosegus)|Puzieux]] |- | 88365 | 88270 | [[Racécourt]] |- | 88366 | 88170 | [[Radalli villa]] |- | 88367 | 88700 | [[Rambervilleriae]] |- | 88368 | 88500 | [[Rancuria]] |- | 88369 | 88160 | [[Romarici campus]] |- | 88370 | 88270 | [[Radonis curtis]] |- | 88371 | 88220 | [[Rapo ad Silvas]] |- | 88372 | 88110 | [[Rapo ad Stationem]] |- | 88373 | 88110 | [[Raon-sur-Plaine]] |- | 88374 | 88130 | [[Rapey]] |- | 88375 | 88520 | [[Raves (Vosegus)|Raves]] |- | 88376 | 88300 | [[Ribovilla]] |- | 88377 | 88410 | [[Rainharii villa]] |- | 88378 | 88450 | [[Regney]] |- | 88379 | 88330 | [[Ranconis curtis]] |- | 88380 | 88640 | [[Rehaupal]] |- | 88381 | 88260 | [[Relangia]] |- | 88382 | 88500 | [[Rimacuria]] |- | 88383 | 88200 | [[Romarici Mons]] |- | 88386 | 88100 | [[Remomeix]] |- | 88385 | 88800 | [[Romulficuria]] |- | 88387 | 88170 | [[Ramaldi villa]] |- | 88388 | 88390 | [[Renauvoid]] |- | 88389 | 88500 | [[Reparium]] |- | 88390 | 88320 | [[Roberticuria]] |- | 88391 | 88120 | [[Rochesson]] |- | 88394 | 88320 | [[Romania ad Silvas]] |- | 88395 | 88700 | [[Rotmundum]] |- | 88398 | 88600 | [[Les Rouges-Eaux]] |- | 88399 | 88460 | [[Le Roulier]] |- | 88400 | 88500 | [[Ruvera in Sanctesio]] |- | 88401 | 88170 | [[Roverium (Vosegus)|Roverium]] |- | 88402 | 88700 | [[Rovilla ad Quercus]] |- | 88403 | 88500 | [[Roserota]] |- | 88404 | 88320 | [[Roseriae supra Mosunam]] |- | 88406 | 88130 | [[Rugney]] |- | 88407 | 88630 | [[Ruppes]] |- | 88408 | 88360 | [[Rupt-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88409 | 88120 | [[Saint-Amé]] |- | 88411 | 88260 | [[Sanctus Basolimons]] |- | 88412 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Benedictus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Benedictus]] |- | 88413 | 88100 | [[Sanctus Deodatus (urbs)|Sanctus Deodatus]] |- | 88410 | 88700 | [[Sancta Barbara (Vosegus)|Sancta Barbara]] |- | 88418 | 88700 | [[Sancta Helena (Vosegus)|Sancta Helena]] |- | 88424 | 88100 | [[Sancta Margareta (Vosegus)|Sancta Margareta]] |- | 88415 | 88200 | [[Sanctus Stephanus ultra Mosellam]] |- | 88416 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Genesius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Genesius]] |- | 88417 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Gorgonius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Gorgonius]] |- | 88419 | 88210 | [[Saint-Jean-d'Ormont]] |- | 88421 | 88410 | [[Sanctus Iulianus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Iulianus]] |- | 88423 | 88650 | [[Sanctus Leonardus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Leonardus]] |- | 88425 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Mauricius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Mauricius]] |- | 88426 | 88560 | [[Saint-Maurice-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88427 | 88170 | [[Sanctus Memmius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Memmius]] |- | 88428 | 88470 | [[Saint-Michel-sur-Meurthe]] |- | 88429 | 88200 | [[Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)|Sanctus Nabor]] |- | 88430 | 88140 | [[Sanctus Audoenus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Audoenus]] |- | 88431 | 88170 | [[Sanctus Paulus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Paulus]] |- | 88432 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Petrimons]] |- | 88433 | 88500 | [[Sanctus Pancratius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Pancratius]] |- | 88434 | 88800 | [[Sancti Remigii Mons (Vosegus)|Sancti Remigii Mons]] |- | 88435 | 88480 | [[Sanctus Remigius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Remigius]] |- | 88436 | 88210 | [[Sanctus Stephanus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Stephanus]] |- | 88437 | 88270 | [[Sanctus Valerius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Valerius]] |- | 88438 | 88470 | [[La Salle (Vosegus)|La Salle]] |- | 88439 | 88390 | [[Sanchey]] |- | 88440 | 88170 | [[Sandaucuria]] |- | 88441 | 88260 | [[Sans-Vallois]] |- | 88442 | 88120 | [[Sapois (Vosegus)|Sapois]] |- | 88443 | 88300 | [[Sartes]] |- | 88444 | 88210 | [[Le Saulcy]] |- | 88445 | 88580 | [[Salicetum (Vosegus)|Salicetum]] |- | 88446 | 88140 | [[Salsurae (Vosegus)|Salsurae]] |- | 88447 | 88290 | [[Salsuriae]] |- | 88448 | 88140 | [[Seivilla]] |- | 88449 | 88130 | [[Saviniacum (Vosegus)|Saviniacum]] |- | 88450 | 88320 | [[Senagda]] |- | 88451 | 88210 | [[Senonia (Vosegus)|Senonia]] |- | 88452 | 88260 | [[Senonges]] |- | 88453 | 88630 | [[Seromons]] |- | 88454 | 88600 | [[Sarcus (Vosegus)|Sarcus]] |- | 88455 | 88320 | [[Sirecuria]] |- | 88456 | 88320 | [[Serocourt]] |- | 88457 | 88630 | [[Seona (Vosegus)|Seona]] |- | 88458 | 88130 | [[Solicuria]] |- | 88459 | 88170 | [[Soncuria]] |- | 88460 | 88630 | [[Solicia]] |- | 88461 | 88140 | [[Serewavilla]] |- | 88462 | 88120 | [[Le Syndicat]] |- | 88463 | 88100 | [[Tinctorivus]] |- | 88464 | 88460 | [[Tendon (Vosegus)|Tendon]] |- | 88465 | 88150 | [[Tado]] |- | 88466 | 88800 | [[Tillia]] |- | 88467 | 88290 | [[Thiéfosse]] |- | 88468 | 88160 | [[Le Thillot]] |- | 88469 | 88500 | [[Tirocuria]] |- | 88470 | 88530 | [[Le Tholy]] |- | 88471 | 88410 | [[Les Thons]] |- | 88472 | 88260 | [[Thuillières]] |- | 88473 | 88320 | [[Tignécourt]] |- | 88474 | 88300 | [[Tellum (Vosegus)|Tellum]] |- | 88475 | 88320 | [[Toteleni curtis]] |- | 88476 | 88500 | [[Totoni villa]] |- | 88477 | 88350 | [[Trampodium]] |- | 88478 | 88300 | [[Tranculfi villa]] |- | 88479 | 88240 | [[Trémonzey]] |- | 88480 | 88130 | [[Ubexy]] |- | 88481 | 88220 | [[Uriménil]] |- | 88482 | 88140 | [[Eurivilla]] |- | 88483 | 88390 | [[Ursiniacum]] |- | 88484 | 88220 | [[Usminga]] |- | 88485 | 88140 | [[La Vacheresse-et-la-Rouillie]] |- | 88486 | 88120 | [[Vainiacum]] |- | 88487 | 88340 | [[Le Val-d'Ajol]] |- | 88488 | 88270 | [[Valefridicurtis]] |- | 88489 | 88270 | [[Vallis Regia (Vosegus)|Vallis Regia]] |- | 88490 | 88800 | [[Vallis Regia Sicca]] |- | 88491 | 88260 | [[Tres Valesii]] |- | 88492 | 88230 | [[Le Valtin]] |- | 88493 | 88450 | [[Varmonzey]] |- | 88494 | 88500 | [[Vaubexy]] |- | 88495 | 88000 | [[Waldinivilla]] |- | 88496 | 88140 | [[Valdonis curtis (Vosegus)|Valdonis curtis]] |- | 88497 | 88330 | [[Wauxoncuria]] |- | 88498 | 88200 | [[Vecoux]] |- | 88499 | 88270 | [[Velotte-et-Tatignécourt]] |- | 88500 | 88310 | [[Ventron]] |- | 88501 | 88210 | [[Le Vermont]] |- | 88502 | 88600 | [[Vervezelle]] |- | 88503 | 88110 | [[Vexaincourt]] |- | 88504 | 88170 | [[Vicherey]] |- | 88505 | 88430 | [[Vienville]] |- | 88506 | 88210 | [[Vieux-Moulin (Vosegus)|Vieux-Moulin]] |- | 88507 | 88500 | [[Villers (Vosegus)|Villers]] |- | 88508 | 88270 | [[Ville-sur-Illon]] |- | 88509 | 88150 | [[Villoncourt]] |- | 88510 | 88320 | [[Villotte]] |- | 88511 | 88350 | [[Villouxel]] |- | 88512 | 88600 | [[Viménil]] |- | 88513 | 88450 | [[Vincey]] |- | 88514 | 88170 | [[Viocourt]] |- | 88515 | 88260 | [[Vioménil]] |- | 88516 | 88800 | [[Vittel]] |- | 88517 | 88260 | [[Vivarium (Vosegus)|Vivarium]] |- | 88518 | 88500 | [[Viverium]] |- | 88519 | 88470 | [[La Voivre (Vosegus)|La Voivre]] |- | 88520 | 88240 | [[Les Voivres]] |- | 88521 | 88700 | [[Vomécourt]] |- | 88522 | 88500 | [[Vomécourt-sur-Madon]] |- | 88523 | 88170 | [[Vouxey]] |- | 88524 | 88140 | [[Vrécourt]] |- | 88525 | 88500 | [[Vroville]] |- | 88526 | 88520 | [[Wisembach]] |- | 88527 | 88700 | [[Xaffévillers]] |- | 88528 | 88460 | [[Xamontarupt]] |- | 88529 | 88130 | [[Xaronval]] |- | 88530 | 88220 | [[Scatiniacum]] |- | 88531 | 88400 | [[Xonrupt-Longemer]] |- | 88532 | 88330 | [[Zincourt]] |} {{Indices communium praefecturarum Franciae}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi|!]] c6fmq618956vs9v79bf9jsm14a8p0v3 Triumphi Gnaei Pompei Magni 0 125151 3993162 3242998 2026-10-06T12:30:53Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993162 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Faustus Cornelius Sulla, AR denarius, 56 BC, RRC 426-3.jpg|thumb|Denarius a genero Pompei [[Faustus Cornelius Sulla (mortuus 46 a.C.n.)|Fausto Sylla]] anno [[56 a.C.n.]] signatus. Ex una parte caput Veneris cum sceptro. Ex altera tria [[Tropaeum|tropaea]] quae pro tribus triumphis stant. Litterae in monogrammate FAVSTVS faciunt.]] '''Triumphi Gnaei Pompei Magni''' ita a [[Velleius Paterculus|Velleio Paterculo]] enumerantur: "Huius viri fastigium tantis auctibus fortuna extulit, ut primum ex Africa, iterum ex Europa, tertio ex Asia triumpharet et, quot partes terrarum orbis sunt, totidem faceret monumenta victoriae suae."<ref>[[Velleius Paterculus]], ''[[Historiae (Velleius)|Historiae]]'' 2.40.4</ref> == 79 a.C.n. == Triumphus primus "ex Africa" die [[12 Martii]] [[79 a.C.n.]] celebratus est. == 71 a.C.n. == Triumphus alter "ex Hispania" die [[31 Decembris]] [[71 a.C.n.]] celebratus est. == 61 a.C.n. == Triumphus tertius "ex Asia, Ponto, Armenia, Paphlagonia, Cappadocia, Cilicia, Syria, Scythibus, Iudaeis, Albania et piratibus" diebus 28 et [[29 Septembris]] [[61 a.C.n.]] celebratus est. Hoc triumpho Pompeius [[ebenum]] ostendit.<ref>{{Pnh}} 12.20</ref> Triumphus brevissime a Velleio describitur: :In urbem rediit magnificentissimumque de tot regibus per biduum egit triumphum longeque maiorem omni ante se inlata pecunia in aerarium, praeterquam a Paulo, ex manubiis intulit. Absente Cn. Pompeio [[Titus Ampius|T. Ampius]] et [[Titus Labienus|T. Labienus]] tribuni plebis legem tulerant, ut is ludis circensibus corona aurea et omni cultu triumphantium uteretur, scaenicis autem praetexta coronaque aurea. Id ille non plus quam semel, et hoc sane nimium fuit, usurpare sustinuit.<ref>Velleius Paterculus, ''Historiae'' 2.40.3 Cf. [[Dio Cassius]] XXXVII.21. [[Plutarchus]], ''Pompeius'', 45.7.</ref> {{NexInt}} * [[Index triumphorum Romanorum]] == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> == Bibliographia == * [[Franciscus Modius]], ''[[Pandectae triumphales]]'' (Francofurti ad Moenum, 1586) 1.1.12 {{Google Books|wo1FAAAAcAAJ|f. 10}} {{Nexus absunt}} [[Categoria:Triumphi]] [[Categoria:79 a.C.n.]] [[Categoria:71 a.C.n.]] [[Categoria:61 a.C.n.]] [[Categoria:Bella Mithridatica]] [[Categoria:Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus]] g511j2o9dp4ab8ajfxcu698czipa8rv Pharsalia 0 125156 3993161 3983327 2026-10-06T12:26:56Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993161 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[File:Lucanus, De bello civili ed. Pulmann (Plantin 1592), title page.jpg|thumb|''Pharsalia'' (editio anni 1592)]] '''''Pharsalia''''' seu '''''Bellum Civile''''' est carmen epicum a [[Marcus Annaeus Lucanus|Lucano]] scriptum, qui iussu [[Nero (imperator)|Nero]]nis anno [[65]] mortem sibi conscivit. Res [[Secundum Civile Bellum|belli civilis]] narrat quod ab anno [[49 a.C.n.|49]] usque ad [[45 a.C.n.]] saeviit. A [[Thomas Maius|Thoma Maio]] supplementum Pharsaliae libris septem compositum est, ubi facta usque ad mortem [[Gaius Iulius Caesar|Caesaris]] anno 44 a.C.n. descripta sunt. Carmen suum nomen de Pharsali proelio capit, quo [[Gaius Iulius Caesar|Iulius Caesar]] devicit [[Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus|Gnaeum Pompeium]] eiusque copias. == Contenta == '''Liber Primus:''' Poeta queritur quod Romani bellum civile gerant, omnesque fere res memorat quae hactenus bellum pepererunt. Caesar in Italia consistit prope [[Rubico|Rubiconem]] flumen, quem "patriae trepidantis imago" apparens alloquitur, milites iubens arma deponere nec ius constitutum rumpere, quibus neglectis Caesar exercitum traducit, in Romam tendens. Monstra dira videntur, quibus cives turbati venturas clades provident. '''Liber Secundus:''' Bellum civile [[Gaius Marius|Marianarum]] [[Lucius Cornelius Sulla|Sullanarumque]] partium memoratur. Cato minor, quamvis fatens bellum magnum esse nefas, suadet [[Marcus Iunius Brutus|Bruto]] ut Pompeium sequatur. Caesar interea obsidione [[Brundisium|Brundisii]] Pompeium includit, at ille elapsus in Graeciam profugus tendit. '''Liber Tertius:''' Pompeio navi vecto apparet Iulia, uxor eius mortua Caesarisque filia. Qui in Romam reversus magnaque praeda potitus in Hispaniam proficisci statuit, at priusquam illuc perveniat, [[Massilia|Massiliam]] urbem obsidione claudit. Proelium navale initur, quo multum multa sanguinolenta referuntur, atque urbs capitur. '''Liber Quartus:''' Res in Hispania a Caesaris exercitu bene geruntur. Pompeii milites per insidias unam Caesareae partis ratem capiunt, cuius dux Vulteius hortatur ipsos nautas se occidere, indignissimum ducens ab hostibus capi. Ita se fortunam in medium collocasse oculisque omnium videndos ut quam honestissimam mortem sibi consciscerent, laudemque Caesaris mererentur. Curio pro Caesare Africanum bellum gerit, sed rege Iuba occiditur. '''Liber Quintus:''' Senatus profitetur Pompeio se potius quam Caesari fauturum. Appius ex [[Delphi (urbs Graeciae)|oraculis Delphicis]] quaerit qualis sibi sors servetur, cui vates [[Apollo|Phoebo]] instincta respondet illi soli datum esse omnes belli clades effugere ac quiete frui, nec verborum veram materiam comprehendit. Interea, Caesaris milites seditiosiores facti ipsius ducis minis sedantur. Dum parant mare transire, tempestate subito coorta prohibentur. Nocte igitur genita, Caesar, uno tantum paupere comitatus, temptat tempestatem vincere. Aciebus denique instructis oppositisque, Pompeius uxorem suam constituit [[Lesbos|Lesbon]] insulam mittere. '''Liber Sextus:''' Fugantur Caesaris copiae pedemque referunt. Sextus Magni filius futura cupiens cognoscere invenit [[Erichtho|Erichthonem]], quae dicitur [[Thessalia (regio Graeciae)|Thessaliam]] incolere nec deos vereri omnique nefasto gaudere. Quae cuiusdam mortui animam in corpus revocat vetatque ad Erebum pergere, donec omnia profetur quae iubeat, promissum adiciens quietis aeternae. Quibus factis, cadaver cremat. '''Liber Septimus:''' Militibus proelio studentibus, ipse Pompeius cunctatur, nec nisi [[Marcus Tullius Cicero|Ciceronis]] sententia victus copias educit. Victore Caesare queritur Lucanus libertatem amissam. '''Liber Octavus:''' Pompeius effugiens Lesbon pervenit. Constituit in Aegyptum tendere ubi auxilium petat, sed [[Ptolemaeus XIII (rex Aegypti)|Ptolemaeus]] rex, metuens ne Caesari poenas dare cogatur, venienti insidiatur. Pompeius, quamvis doli haud ignarus, pergit solus. Securi percutitur ac cadaver in mare deicitur, quod fluctibus in litus volutum sepelitur. '''Liber Nonus:''' Cato cum exercitu magnis itineribus per Africam procedit ut suas Iubae regis copiis coniungat. Caesar in Aegyptum adveniens accipit Pompeii caput, simulatque maerorem. '''Liber Decimus:''' In Aegypto epulantur, Caesar a [[Cleopatra VII (regina Aegypti)|Cleopatra]], Ptolemaei sorore, capitur. Pothinus, minister quidam, Caesari insidias struit, sed antequam consilium exsequatur, interficitur. Inde Ganymede Aegyptius quidam eum adoritur, et repugnante Caesare carmen abrumpitur. == Plura legere si cupis == *Bernard F. Dick, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/268532 Fatum and Fortuna in Lucan's Bellum Civile]", ''Classical Philology'', 1967: 235-242 * D. C. Feeney, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/638958 Stat magni nominis umbra.' Lucan on the Greatness of Pompeius Magnus]", ''The Classical Quarterly'', 1986: 239-243 ==Nexus interni== *[[Erichtho]] *[[Victrix causa deis placuit sed victa Catoni]] ==Nexus externi== *[http://books.google.com/books?id=Tz0BAAAAMAAJ&dq=inauthor:lucan&as_brr=1 ''Pharsalia'' Lucani, 1722] ([[Lingua Anglica|Anglice]]) *[http://books.google.com/books?id=yeEAAAAAYAAJ&dq=inauthor:lucan&as_brr=1 ''De bello Civili, cum Hug.Grotii, Farnabii, notis integris, et variorum ...'', 1818] *[http://books.google.com/books?id=SmoGAAAAQAAJ&dq=inauthor:lucan&as_brr=1 ''Pharsalia'' Lucani, 1826] *Carolus Hermannus Weise, Leipzig, G. Bassus. (1835). [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Luc.+1 textus] *[http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/lucan.html Textus] apud [[The Latin Library]] *[http://www.intratext.com/y/LAT0089.HTM Textus et concordantia] apud [[IntraText]] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110519190346/http://omacl.org/Pharsalia/ Versio ab Eduardo Ridley (1896) facta] {{Ling|Anglice}} ==Bibliographia== * {{Fabricius Latina}} pp. 378-384 {{Lit-stipula}} [[Categoria:Carmina epica]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Scripta 65]] [[Categoria:Bellum Civile (49-45 a.C.n.)]] [[Categoria:Marcus Annaeus Lucanus]] [[Categoria:Libri imperfecti]] bsqxbvemx51hay556kaksvnvahwx5kr Elo rating 0 134828 3993325 3964587 2026-10-07T10:16:45Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-2}}<!--[[Fasciculus:ArpadElo.jpg|right|thumb|Professor Arpad Elo, inventor of the system architectus systemae]]--> [[Fasciculus:Go board.jpg|thumb|Ludus "Go"]] '''Elo rating''' est systema discernendi gradum lusorium concepta ab Arpad Elo<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uschess.org/ratings/RedmanremembersRichard.pdf |title=Titulus:Remembering Richard, Part II, Anglice |last=Redman |first=Tim |publisher=United States Chess Federation}}</ref> professore in [[CFA]] ex [[Hungaria]] et perito scaccarii, conspectissima in [[scaccarium|scaccario]] a societatis [[FIDE]] quoquo in [[Weiqi|Go]], [[Major League Baseball Ludus Omnium Stellarum|basipila]], et in aliis ludis adhibenda. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200713150204/https://www.chessgraphs.com/ Chessgraphs.com - Compare chess players' rating histories with FIDE data back to 1970] * [http://ratings.fide.com/toplist.phtml/ FIDE Tabula Gradusorum Anglice ] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091126000035/http://chess.eusa.ed.ac.uk/Chess/Trivia/AlltimeList.html FIDE Tabula Gradusorum Anglice ex annos 1970 usque 1997] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080603001814/http://chess.liverating.org/ Tabula Gradusorum Anglice "Live Rating"] * [http://gobase.org/rating/elo.html GoBase.org: Prohemium ad systema Elo Rating] [[Categoria:Scacci]] cve7f1y06dkfunyczmb5kp0m6zitt9i Critica litterarum 0 147033 3993319 3802435 2026-10-07T05:02:53Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993319 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Tihanyi The Critic.jpg|thumb|200px|''Censor.'' [[Pictura]] [[Lajos Tihanyi]]. Oleum in carbaso, circa [[1916]].]] [[Fasciculus:Francesco De Sanctis ritratto.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Franciscus de Sanctis]], censor litterarum Italicarum. [[Pictura]] a [[Franciscus Xavier Altamura|Francisco Xaviere Altamura]] anno [[1890]] facta.]] [[Fasciculus:John Crowe Ransom 1941.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Ioannes Crowe Ransom]], [[censor (litterae)|censor litterarum]] et conditor [[Iudicium Novum|Iudicii Novi]]. [[Photographema]] a [[Robie Macauley]] factum.]] '''Critica litterarum,'''<ref> [[Ebbe Vilborg]], ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok,'' andra upplagan (Holmiae: Norstedts akademiska förlag, 2009).</ref> vel '''iudicium litterarium,'''{{Convertimus}} est [[litterae|litterarum]] studium, [[interpretatio]], et aestimatio, [[mos|more]] [[cogitatio critica|cogitationis criticae]]. Critica litterarum nostrae aetatis saepe a [[ratio litteraria|ratione litteraria]] movetur, quae est [[analysis]] philosophica rationum et propositorum litterarum. Quamquam ambae res arte conectuntur, [[censor (litterae)|censores]] (vel critici) litterarum [[theoria|theoristae]] non sunt semper, semperque non fuerunt. ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> {{NexInt}} {{div col|3}} *[[Aesthetica]] *[[De arte poetica]]<!--Aristoteles--> *[[Editio princeps]] *[[Exemplar]] *[[Hermeneutica]] *[[Historia libri]] *[[Iudicium litterarium|Iudices litterarii]] *[[Iudicium musicum]] *[[Iudicium Novum]] *[[Iudicium translationis]] *[[Litterae comparativae]] *[[Mimesis]] *[[Philosophia et litterae]] *[[Ratio litteraria]] *[[Recognitio librorum]] *[[Scientia humana]] *[[Structuralismus]] *[[Studia generum]] *[[Theoria critica]] *[[Traditio poetica]] *[[Vorlage]]<!-- *[[Translatio litteraria]] *[[-logy|List of -ology]]--> {{div col end}} ==Bibliographia==<!--BIB EX DE + FR--> *Anz, Thomas. [[1992]]. [http://www.literaturkritik.de/public/online_abo/Literaturkritik.php Literaturkritik.] In ''Kulturjournalismus: Ein Handbuch für Ausbildung und Praxis,'' ed. Dieter Heß, 50–59 Monaci: List. *Anz, Thomas, et Rainer Baasner, eds. [[2004]]. ''Literaturkritik: Geschichte, Theorie, Praxis.'' Monaci. ISBN 3406510957. *Barner, Wilfried. [[1990]]. ''Literaturkritik:Anspruch und Wirklichkeit: DFG-Symposion 1989.'' Stutgartiae. *Brunel, Pierre. [[2001]]. ''La critique littéraire.'' Que sais-je? Lutetiae: PUF. *Cabanès, Jean-Louis, et Guy Larroux. [[2005]]. ''Critique et théorie littéraires en France (1800-2000).'' Belin. *Collani, Tania, et Peter Schnyder. [[2010]]. ''Critique littéraire et littérature européenne: textes issu du colloque international, Mulhouse, 2008.'' Institut de recherches en langues et littératures européennes. Lutetiae: Orizons. *Drews, Jörg. [[1977]]. ''Literaturkritik: Medienkritik.'' Heidelbergi. *Dubreuil, Laurent. [[2009]]. ''L'état critique de la littérature.'' Savoirs: Lettres. Lutetiae: Hermann. *Engel, Vincent. [[1998]], ed. ''Histoire de la critique littéraire des XIXe et XXe siècles.'' Louvain-la-Neuve: Academia-Bruylant. *Gardes-Tamine, Joëlle, et Marie-Claude Hubert. [[2011]]. ''Dictionnaire de critique littéraire.'' Ed. 4a. Lutetiae: Armand Colin. *Gengembre, Gérard. [[1996]]. ''Les grands courants de la critique littéraire.'' Seuil. *Hohendahl, Peter Uwe. [[1974]]. ''Literaturkritik und Öffentlichkeit.'' Monaci. *Jarrety, Michel. [[1998]]. ''La critique littéraire française du XXe siècle.'' Que sais-je? Lutetiae: PUF. *Kerstan, Wendy. [[2006]]. ''Der Einfluss von Literaturkritik auf den Absatz von Publikumsbüchern.'' Marburg an der Lahn. ISBN 9783936134162. *Mayer, Hans, ed. [[1978]]. ''Deutsche Literaturkritik.'' 4 vol. Francofurti. *Mühlfeld, Emily. [[2006]]. ''Literaturkritik im Fernsehen.'' Münster. ISBN 9783825895877. *Müller, Dietrich. [[2007]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160107160709/http://ubm.opus.hbz-nrw.de/volltexte/2009/1934/ Buchbesprechung im politischen Kontext des Nationalsozialismus.] Dissertatio. *Neuhaus, Stefan. [[2004]]. ''Literaturkritik: Eine Einführung.'' Stutgartiae. ISBN 3825224821. *Nickel, Gunther, ed. [[2005]]. ''Kaufen! statt Lesen! Literaturkritik in der Krise.'' Gotingae. *Nies, Fritz cum Bernd Kortländer, eds. [[1996]]. ''Literaturimport und Literaturkritik: das Beispiel Frankreich.'' Tubingae. ISBN 3823340883. *Nordmann, Jean-Thomas. [[2001]]. ''La critique littéraire française du XIXe siècle (1800-1914).'' Lutetiae: Le Livre de poche. *Pfohlmann, Olive. [[2005]]. ''Kleines Lexikon der Literaturkritik.'' Marburgi an der Lahn. ISBN 393613409X. *Ravoux-Rallo, Élisabeth. [[1999]]. ''Méthodes de critique littéraire.'' Armand Colin. *Reich-Ranicki, Marcel. [[1994]]. ''Die Anwälte der Literatur.'' Stutgardiae: DVA. ISBN 3421065640. *Richards, I. A. [[2001]]. ''Principles of literary criticism,'' ed. John Constable. Londinii et Novi Eboraci: Routledge. ISBN 0415217342, ISBN 0415217318. *Roger, Jérôme. [[2007]]. ''La critique littéraire.'' Armand Colin. *Shusterman, Richard. [[2009]]. ''L'objet de la critique littéraire.'' Questions théoriques. *Schwens-Harrant, Brigitte, [[2008]]. ''Literaturkritik. Eine Suche'', StudienVerlag, Innsbruck 2008. ISBN 9783706546423. *Steinfeld, Thomas, ed. [[2004]]. ''Was vom Tage bleibt: Das Feuilleton und die Zukunft der kritischen Öffentlichkeit in Deutschland.'' Francofurti. *Tadié, Jean-Yves. [[1994]]. ''La critique littéraire au XXe siècle.'' Lutetiae: Pocket. *Thumerel, Fabrice. [[2002]]. ''La critique littéraire.'' Armand Colin. *Vercier, Bruno, et Anne Maurel. [[1994]]. ''La Critique.'' Lutetiae: Hachette Éducations. *Wellek, René.[[1978]]. ''Geschichte der Literaturkritik 1750–1950.'' 4 vol. Berolini. *Zima, Pierre V. [[2004]]. ''Critique littéraire et esthétique: Les fondements esthétiques des théories de la littérature.'' Lutetiae: L'Harmattan. ==Nexus externi== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060618214519/http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgi-local/DHI/dhi.cgi?id=dv1-71 "Literary Criticism,"] etext.lib.virginia.edu (''Dictionary of the History of Ideas'') *[http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0908430.html Receptores Praemii Criticae Litterarum Truman Capote,] www.infoplease.com *[http://www.ipl.org/div/litcrit/ Corpus Situum Criticorum et Biographicorum,] www.ipl.org (Internet Public Library) *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080906110954/http://www.unizar.es/departamentos/filologia_inglesa/garciala/bibliography.html Bibliographia Theoriae Litterarum, Criticae, et Philologiae,] www.unizar.es (Universitas Caesaraugustae) [[Categoria:Iudicium Novum]] [[Categoria:Iudicium textuale]] [[Categoria:Litterae]] eba1wu1l1aongh1764zfbfx7hleij7e Neutrinum 0 149582 3993175 3982382 2026-10-06T13:49:54Z LilyKitty 18316 de Antarctica Muona Ac Neutrina Detegente Accomodatione 3993175 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Neutrinum''' (-i, n.), est [[particula elementaria]], una e [[lepton]]ibus, [[fermion]], ab [[Volfgangus Pauli|Volfgango Pauli]] descripta. Neutrini [[massa]] est incognita. Neutrino est nullum [[onus electricum]]. [[Antiparticula]] sua est [[antineutrinum]]. Neutrina et antineutrina possunt esse [[neutrinum electronicum|neutrina electronica]], [[neutrinum myonicum|neutrina myonica]], aut [[neutrinum tauonicum|neutrina tauonica]]. {| class="wikitable" |- | colspan=4 align=center | '''Leptones onus electricum praebentes''' | colspan=4 align=center | '''[[Neutrinum]]''' |- ! Nomen ! Signum ! Onus electricum ([[Onus electricum|e]]) ! Massa (MeV/c<sup>2</sup>) ! Nomen ! Signum ! Onus electricum ([[Onus electricum|e]]) ! Massa (MeV/c<sup>2</sup>) |- | [[Electron]] | e− | −1 | 0.511 | Neutrinum electronis |ν<sub>e</sub>/ν<sub>e</sub> | 0 | < 0.0000022 <ref name=neutrinomass>[http://cupp.oulu.fi/neutrino/nd-mass.html ''Laboratory measurements and limits for neutrino properties'']</ref> |- | [[Myon]] | μ− | −1 | 105.7 | Neutrinum myonis | ν<sub>μ</sub>/ν<sub>μ</sub> | 0 | < 0.17 <ref name=neutrinomass /> |- | [[Tauon]] | τ− | −1 | 1777 | Neutrinum tauonis | ν<sub>τ</sub>/ν<sub>τ</sub> | 0 | < 15.5 <ref name=neutrinomass /> |- |} {{NexInt}} *[[Antarctica Muona Ac Neutrina Detegens Accommodatio]] *[[Fusio nuclearis]] *[[Neutron]] *[[Physica particularum minimarum]] *[[Proton]] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Adam, T., et al. [[2011]]. Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the OPERA detector in the CNGS beam. ''Journal of High Energy Physics'' 2012(10): 93. arXiv:1109.4897. Bibcode:2012JHEP...10..093A. doi:10.1007/JHEP10(2012)093. *Alberico, W. M., et S. M. Bilenky. [[2004]]. Neutrino oscillations, masses, and mixing. ''Physics of Particles and Nuclei'' 35: 297–323. arXiv:hep-ph/0306239. Bibcode:2003hep.ph....6239A. *Bahcall, J. N. [[1989]]. ''Neutrino Astrophysics.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-37975-5. [http://prl.aps.org/files/RevModPhys.75.985.pdf PDF.] *Bumfiel, G. [[2001]]. The Milky Way's hidden black hole. ''Scientific American.'' [http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-milky-ways-hidden-bla Textus interretialis.] *Close, F. [[2010]]. ''Neutrino.'' Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-957459-9. *David, D. R., Jr. [[2003]]. Nobel Lecture: A half-century with solar neutrinos. ''Reviews of Modern Physics'' 75 (3): 10. Bibcode:2003RvMP...75..985D. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.208.7632. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.75.985. *Griffiths, D. J. [[1987]]. ''Introduction to Elementary Particles.'' John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-60386-3. *Jayawardhana, Ray. [[2015]]. ''The Neutrino Hunters: The chase for the ghost particle and the secrets of the universe.'' Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-780-74647-0. *Perkins, D. H. [[1999]]. ''Introduction to High Energy Physics.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-62196-0. *Povh, B. [[1995]]. ''Particles and Nuclei: An introduction to the physical concepts.'' Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-59439-2. *Riazuddin. [[2005]]. ''Neutrinos.'' National Center for Physics. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111007003127/http://www.ncp.edu.pk/docs/12th_rgdocs/Riazuddin.pdf PDF.] *Schopper, H. F. [[1966]]. ''Weak Interactions and Nuclear Beta Decay.'' North-Holland. *Tammann, G. A., F. K. Thielemann, et D. Trautmann. [[2003]]. Opening new windows in observing the Universe. ''Europhysics News'' 34(2): 68–70. doi:10.1051/epn:2003208. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180306025006/https://www.europhysicsnews.org/articles/epn/abs/2003/02/epn03208/epn03208.html Textus interretialis.] *Tipler, P.. et R. Llewellyn. [[2002]]. ''Modern Physics.'' Ed. 4a. W H. Freeman. ISBN 978-0-7167-4345-3. *Tomonaga, S.-I. [[1997]]. ''The Story of Spin.'' Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. *Zuber, K. [[2003]]. ''Neutrino Physics.'' IOP Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7503-0750-5. {{Tabula particularum}} [[Categoria:Leptones]]<!-- [[Categoria:Materia exotica]] [[Categoria:Materia obscura]]--> [[Categoria:Neutrina]] {{Myrias|Physica}} 1qkvoia5o59smu36tyom9dv01r87k8v Lillehammer 0 160380 3993174 3767203 2026-10-06T13:49:06Z Pippobuono 54500 novissima 3993174 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Lillehammer Storgata.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Lillehammer: via Storgata anno [[2006]].]] ''' Lillehammer''' est commune {{formatnum:29669}} incolarum (anno [[2026]]) in provincia [[Opplandia]] [[Norvegia]]e situm. ==Nexus externi== {{fontes geographici}} {{CommuniaCat|Lillehammer|Lillehammer}} * {{opus|url=https://lillehammer.kommune.no/ |titulus=Communis situs interretialis}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Norvegiae]] 40042djsrwtdfsiyloy22hxm3w7hhtb Insulae Praefectoriae 0 185106 3993229 3919612 2026-10-06T18:11:09Z CommonsDelinker 1422 Imago Commander_Islands_Map_-_Russian.png deleta est ex Communibus ab Jameslwoodward. Ille hanc rationem dedit: per [[:c:Commons:Deletion requests/Files found with Автор = Latitude|]] 3993229 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L}} {{res|Insulae Praefectoriae}},<ref>[[Ernestus Rudolphus a Trautvetter]], "Plantas quasdam in ''insulis Praefectoriis'' nuper lectas" [http://books.google.ru/books?id=BGxfmgEACAAJ&dq=%22insulis+Praefectoriis%22&hl=ru&sa=X&ei=3uGQUcvhKvCw4QT08IHwBw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA][http://books.google.ru/books?id=IWwlAAAAMAAJ&q=%22insulis+Praefectoriis%22&dq=%22insulis+Praefectoriis%22&hl=ru&sa=X&ei=PuWQUb7GBeWl4ATByYHADg&ved=0CC4Q6AEwADgK]</ref><ref name="Praefecteriis">"Plantae in pagellis subsequentibus tractandâe in maris Beringiani ''iusulis Praefectoriis'' (Komandorskije Ostrowa), scilicet in ''insula Beringii'' (Beringew Ostrew) et in ''insula Cuprea'' (Mjedni Ostrow)" [http://www.google.ru/search?tbm=bks&hl=ru&q=%26quot%3Binsulis+Praefectoriis%26quot%3B&btnG=%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C#newwindow=1&hl=ru&tbm=bks&sclient=psy-ab&q=Praefecteriis&oq=Praefecteriis&gs_l=serp.3...4002.7141.1.7347.13.13.0.0.0.0.329.2265.0j9j1j2.12.0...0.0...1c.1.12.serp.NUKNUePuuh4&psj=1&bav=on.2,or.r_qf.&bvm=bv.46340616,d.bGE&fp=172d29ff5b5b5db2&biw=1333&bih=655] (in: [http://books.google.ru/books?id=EXg1AQAAMAAJ&q=%22praefecteriis%22&dq=%22praefecteriis%22&hl=ru&sa=X&ei=teOQUeqxDOGg4gSq9oHIBw&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA ''Acta Horti Petropolitani'', vol. 9., 1884, p. 471])</ref> seu {{res|Komandorenses}}<ref>"''Insulae Komandorenses'', insula Medny" [http://www.google.ru/search?tbm=bks&hl=ru&q=%22insulae+komandorenses%22&btnG=%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C] (in: [http://books.google.ru/books?id=FLtJAAAAYAAJ&q=insulae+komandorenses&dq=insulae+komandorenses&hl=ru&sa=X&ei=yNiQUceSKIa34ATs6ID4AQ&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA ''Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 1971'', vol. 8., p. 29])</ref> ([[Russice]] Командорские острова, [[translitteratio|tr.]] ''Komandorskie ostrova''), [[archipelagus]] in parte meridiano-occidentali [[mare Beringianum|maris Beringiani]] est, nunc in [[territorium Camtschaticum]] [[Foederatio Russica|Foederationis Russicae]] inclusus. Nomen suum accepit in honorem praefecti expeditionis Russicae, quae hunc archipelagum anno [[1741]] invenit, – [[Vitus Bering|Viti Beringii]], qui fuit classis [[Imperium Russicum|Imperii Russici]] capitaneus-praefector ([[Russice]] [[:ru:капитан-командор|капитан-командор]], [[translitteratio|tr.]] ''kapitan-komandor,'' i.e. dux navalis ordinis supra capitaneum gradus primi, sed infra vicarium navarchi). Maximae huius archipelagi insulae sunt [[insula Beringii|Beringii]] et [[insula Cuprea|Cuprea]]. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externus == {{CommuniaCat|Komandorski Islands|insulas Praefectorias}} {{fontes geographici}} [[Categoria:Insulae Russiae Asiaticae|Praefectoriae]] [[Categoria:Mare Beringianum]] [[Categoria:Oriens Extremus Russiae]] [[Categoria:Territorium Camtschaticum]] fevc79pfzrrvzs9gcrn70oodiqeqqwt 3993301 3993229 2026-10-06T23:56:38Z IacobusAmor 1163 3993301 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L}} {{res|Insulae Praefectoriae}},<ref>[[Ernestus Rudolphus a Trautvetter]], "Plantas quasdam in ''insulis Praefectoriis'' nuper lectas" [http://books.google.ru/books?id=BGxfmgEACAAJ&dq=%22insulis+Praefectoriis%22&hl=ru&sa=X&ei=3uGQUcvhKvCw4QT08IHwBw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA][http://books.google.ru/books?id=IWwlAAAAMAAJ&q=%22insulis+Praefectoriis%22&dq=%22insulis+Praefectoriis%22&hl=ru&sa=X&ei=PuWQUb7GBeWl4ATByYHADg&ved=0CC4Q6AEwADgK]</ref><ref name="Praefecteriis">"Plantae in pagellis subsequentibus tractandâe in maris Beringiani ''iusulis Praefectoriis'' (Komandorskije Ostrowa), scilicet in ''insula Beringii'' (Beringew Ostrew) et in ''insula Cuprea'' (Mjedni Ostrow)" [http://www.google.ru/search?tbm=bks&hl=ru&q=%26quot%3Binsulis+Praefectoriis%26quot%3B&btnG=%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C#newwindow=1&hl=ru&tbm=bks&sclient=psy-ab&q=Praefecteriis&oq=Praefecteriis&gs_l=serp.3...4002.7141.1.7347.13.13.0.0.0.0.329.2265.0j9j1j2.12.0...0.0...1c.1.12.serp.NUKNUePuuh4&psj=1&bav=on.2,or.r_qf.&bvm=bv.46340616,d.bGE&fp=172d29ff5b5b5db2&biw=1333&bih=655] (in: [http://books.google.ru/books?id=EXg1AQAAMAAJ&q=%22praefecteriis%22&dq=%22praefecteriis%22&hl=ru&sa=X&ei=teOQUeqxDOGg4gSq9oHIBw&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA ''Acta Horti Petropolitani'', vol. 9., 1884, p. 471])</ref> seu {{res|Komandorenses}}<ref>"''Insulae Komandorenses'', insula Medny" [http://www.google.ru/search?tbm=bks&hl=ru&q=%22insulae+komandorenses%22&btnG=%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C] (in: [http://books.google.ru/books?id=FLtJAAAAYAAJ&q=insulae+komandorenses&dq=insulae+komandorenses&hl=ru&sa=X&ei=yNiQUceSKIa34ATs6ID4AQ&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA ''Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 1971'', vol. 8., p. 29])</ref> ([[Russice]] Командорские острова, [[translitteratio|tr.]] ''Komandorskie ostrova''), [[archipelagus]] in parte meridiano-occidentali [[mare Beringianum|maris Beringiani]] est, nunc in [[territorium Camtschaticum]] [[Foederatio Russica|Foederationis Russicae]] inclusus. Nomen suum accepit in honorem praefecti expeditionis Russicae, quae hunc archipelagum anno [[1741]] invenit, – [[Vitus Bering|Viti Beringii]], qui fuit classis [[Imperium Russicum|Imperii Russici]] capitaneus-praefector ([[Russice]] [[:ru:капитан-командор|капитан-командор]], [[translitteratio|tr.]] ''kapitan-komandor,'' i.e. dux navalis ordinis supra capitaneum gradus primi, sed infra vicarium navarchi). Maximae huius archipelagi insulae sunt [[insula Beringii|Beringii]] et [[insula Cuprea|Cuprea]]. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externus == {{CommuniaCat|Komandorski Islands|insulas Praefectorias}} {{fontes geographici}} [[Categoria:Insulae Russiae Asiaticae|Praefectoriae]] [[Categoria:Mare Beringianum]] [[Categoria:Oriens Extremus Russiae]] [[Categoria:Territorium Camtschaticum]] 3cxjqe7iprh3bgmuni2w1v0yfgay7nf Sinuhe egyptiläinen 0 187570 3993327 3991042 2026-10-07T11:21:44Z Neander 1973 3993327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Mika Waltari 1939.jpg|thumb|[[Michael Waltari|Mika Waltari]], scriptor libri ''Sinuhe Egyptiläinen.'']] {{ires|Sinuhe egyptiläinen}} ('Sinuhe Aegyptius') est [[liber mythistoricus]] anno [[1945]] a [[Michael Waltari|Mika Waltari]] scriptus, qui fabulam de [[Aegyptus antiqua|Aegypto antiqua]] aetatis [[pharao]]nis [[Akhenaten|Ekhnaton]] narrat. Quod opus primum est de multis libris eius res hisoricas tractantibus. Opus inter gentes innotuit, et conversiones adhuc quadraginta sunt confectae.<ref>Vaarala 2024: 76.</ref> Persona princeps est Sinuhe, qui infans a matre sua ignota in scaphio iuncino in [[Nilus|Nili]] flumen dimissus esse fertur. Senmut pauperum [[medicus]] [[Thebae|Thebanus]], et Kipa eius uxor, [[expositio infantis|miserum puerulum]] ex undis servaverunt et, cum orbi liberis essent, eum tamquam suum filium educaverunt. Kipa eum Sinuhe nominavit ex fabella,<ref>Waltari hic ad fabellam quam notissimam significat, ex initio [[regnum medium Aegypti|medii regni Aegypti]] oriundam, quae res miras et pericula [[narratio de Sinuhe|narrat]], quibus vir nomine Sinuhe obicitur.</ref> quae ei placebat. == Thebis == Cum septem annos natus esset Sinuhe, Senmut pater eum adlocutus, quo munere fungi vellet, sciscitatus est. Cum miles fieri vellet, pater eum ad Inteb militem amicum duxit, qui diris horrendisque exemplis eum a militaribus phantasiis dehortaretur. Itaque patris voluntatem secutus Sinuhe ad scholam ire et legere discere constituit. In schola, amicitiam iunxit cum Thotmes, puero qui iam tum bonam in pingendo et fingendo indolem ostendebat. Per patrem in familiaritatem venit Ptahoris, regii [[trepanatio|trepanatoris]], quocum postea laboravit. Die consecrationis in feminam incidit venustissimam, cui nomen erat Nefernefernefer. Iuvenis indoctus feminarum statim amore huius feminae adfabilis captus est. Sed vita et disciplina domus vitae prohibuerunt, quominus vitam Thebanam gustaret. Praeterea his temporibus pharao [[Amana Hatpa III|Amenhotep III]] morbo exitiali laborabat, et iam erat tempus trepanandi, qua ultima sanandi ratione pharaonem recreatum iri sperabant. Ptahor trepanator rem suam recte gessit, sed haud inopinate aeger vitam amisit. Sinuhe etiam familiaritatem iunxit cum Ekhnaton, defuncti pharaonis filio, qui ipse [[epilepsia|morbo sacro]] laborabat et ceteroqui vir mirus erat, qui novum deum [[Aton]] introducere vellet. Amicitia iunctus erat etiam cum viro bellicoso Horemheb, praefecto militum, qui, ut ipse dicebat, "cum stercore in digitis natus" erat. Quae cum ita sint, Sinuhe, cum audissset Horenheb de amore Baketamonis, Ekhnatonis sororis, somniare, perturbatus erat temeritate huiusmodi vanae meditationis. Sinuhe medicus privatus pharaonis factus est. Quibus interpositis temporibus, Sinuhe in Nefernefernefer iterum incidit, et quidem in eius domo, ubi populus turbulentus epulandi causa coactus erat. Usque adhuc hac [[femina convictualis|femina convictuali]] ardebat, quae tamen primum suam agnitionem celavit. In hac renovata conventione, Sinuhe amorosus tantum impetum ostendit, ut crederes eum putare, amorem vere inter femora inveniri. Ideo Nefernefernefer nimium ardorem amaturientis frenare conata didascalicam narrat de Setne [[Chamois]] et Tabubue sacerdote fabulam.<ref>Reich 1924.</ref> Dicit enim Tabubue ea tantum condicione se cum Setne amoribus frui velle, ut hic omnibus bonis et quidem uxore sua liberisque desistat. Setne ardore suo hoc propositum accepit. Nefernefernefer, ne de fraude amoris accusetur, se cum Tabubue confert monitionis causa. Sinuhe autem hoc documentum respuit. At Nefernefernefer mulier nobilis, aetate qua opinio muliebris quaeri non solebat, quomodo se ab ardore amatorio advenae repentini defendat? [[Fasciculus:Middle East Levant.jpg|thumb|Regiones ubi Sinuhe versatus est.]] Haec condicio rerum potissimum ex ratione virili intellegi videtur. Verbum amoris sensu romantico non memoratur, saltem non cum de relatione cum Nefernefernefer agitur. Sinuhe, cum edere et bibere et gaudere cum ea vehementer cupiat, reapse [[coitus|coitum]] petit. In Aegypto antiqua, [[transactio]]nes inter homines factae in dandis accipiendisque [[donum|donis]] positae erant. In ratione Tabubuensi a Nefernefernefer in rem suam conversa, oeconomia donatoria in conspectum venit. Sinuhe quater apud Nefernefernefer ad "mercatum" iit. Primo tempore Sinuhe specimen gratuitum "eius rei, cuius causa venerat", accipit, sine dono vicissim dato. Secundo tempore, Sinuhe domum suam cum rebus domesticis donat, fidem habens promisso a Nefernefernefer facto, sed infectis rebus exit. Tertio tempore, Sinuhe bona parentum suorum dono dat, et vicissim inanem coitum sine ardore remuneratus est. Quarto tempore, Sinuhe sepulchrum parentum dono dat, sed pro remuneratione nihil nisi natationem in piscina accipit. Tum demum intellegit fabellam de Tabubue veram esse, et paene ab ancillis vapulatur. Sinuhe, ut parentes rite in [[Valles Regum|Vallibus Regum]] sepelire possit, dies noctesque triginta in domo mortuorum cadaverum lavator servire debet. In statum servituti similem delapsus nomen suum putat Thebis in summam infamiam cecidisse. Quae cum ita sint, consilium capit reliquum vitae tempus peregrinando consumere. Ad [[Levans|Levantem]] profecturus cum Kaptah navem conscendit. == Peregre == Sinuhe, [[Tell Kazel|Simyrae]] in oppido [[Syria]]e consessus, peritia medica famam et divitias sibi conciliat. In bello contra Chabiros gerendo rursus in Horemheb, ducem belli, incidit, qui ei mandat, ut per orbem terrarum vectus opes militares civitatum notarum exploret. Primum invitus cum Kaptah proficiscitur [[Babylon]]em, ubi non solum de vi militari sciscitatur sed etiam artes exercet consuetudineque virorum doctorum utitur. Quodam die a [[Burna Buriash|Burraburia]] rege, qui aegrotabat, arcessitur, et eum sanat. Die tradito falsi regis – quo deprensibilis quisque per unum diem rex creatus erit deindeque occisus – Kaptah timore quassus sub lecto latens eligitur. Postquam a re inopinata convaluit, novo munere suo uti incipit. Intrat enim [[harem|gynaeceum]] regis, electurus mulierem, cum qua "gaudere" possit. Nimirum, pulcherrimam optat virginem, quae quidem ira incensa ictu pugni unicum ei oculum nigrat soleaque nasum percutit. Quae Furia, virgo [[Creta|Cressa]], Minea nomine, nuper contra voluntatem suam in gynaeceum regis adquisita erat. Ab [[eunuchus|eunuchis]] gynaecei se defensura cultellum in manu habebat. Sinuhe ad eam placandam vocatus consilium capit, quo ex Babylone effugere possint. Persuadet enim [[eunuchus|spadonibus]] perturbatis gynaecei, Mineam mortem sibi conscivisse. Kaptah autem, teste medico decrepito pharaonis, veneno absumptum obisse (quaquam reapse vino ebriatus dormiebat). Amborum corpora in navem conductam portanda curat. [[Fasciculus:Stiersprung 01.gif|thumb|Saltus tauri (ταυροκαθάψια) coniectura repertus.]] Ad [[Mitanni]] regnum vicinum, unde ad imperium [[Hetthaei|Hetthaeorum]] pergant, fugere constituunt. Deinde relicta Anatolia ad Cretam, Mineae patriam, navigare cogitant. In navi, Sinuhe et Minea se invicem mitigant. Sinuhe enim Mineae de tot tantisque molestiis querelas ingratas esse sentit, offensoque animo ad proram navis secedit. Mox tamen lites suas componunt, et inter se magni aestimare incipiunt. Minea est sacerdos religionis Creticae, taurocathapta sive saltatrix tauri,<ref>Koutantou 2021.</ref> virgo sorte electa quae luna plena in domo tenebrarum deo maris [[Neptunus (deus)|Neptuno]] saltet. Praeterea Mineam observatio castitatis obligat, quapropter iterum amor mancus et devius Sinuhe obtingit. Nam Minea: "Quam ob rem doleo, quod id quod vis tibi dare nequeo — nec solum propter te doleo, sed propter me ipsam." (7.1) Sinuhe, postquam cum Minea et Kaptah in Cretam pervenit, insulam eiusque vitam subtiliter describit, atque ambitum Mineae cognoscit. Cum alios homines tum Minotaurum convenit, summum sacerdotem dei Cretensis. Postquam magistratum illum caput tauri gerentem salutaverant, ille caput tauri detrahit dicitque Cretes vivo servire deo, contra multas alias gentes, quae inanimis deis serviunt. Demirante Sinuhe, cur nemo eorum, qui in obscuram Neptuni domum ierant, redierit, etiam si licitum esset, Minotaurus neminem ex magnis dei aulis redire velle respondet. Sed Sinuhe ad cadavera in litoribus Simyrae fluctuantia referens hoc dicit non idem de gloriosis dei marini aulis probare. Sermo subito finitur, et Minea iam paene animum amittit. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Koutantou, Zoi (2021) Ταυροκαθάψια. ''YouTube'' 27 Novembris. * Rajala, Panu (2008) ''Unio mystica: Mika Waltarin elämä ja teokset'' (Finnice). WSOY. * Reich, Nathaniel (1924) Marriage and Divorce in Ancient Egypt. ''Museum Journal'' XV:1. * Silver, Minna (2024) ''Sinuhe egyptiläisen maailma arkeologin silmin'' (Finnice). SKS Kirjat. * Vaarala, Noora (2024) Sontakärsä japaniksi ('Sontakärsä' [''merdinasus''] Iaponice'). ''HS Teema'' 6. [[Categoria:Finniae scripta]] [[Categoria:Mythistoriae]] b5k1og1oc10qchd8lkwl6b5cdjhg5vy Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis 0 198188 3993286 3987833 2026-10-06T23:09:44Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993286 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in DAN.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|Communia in circulo Luchoviensi et Danebergensi.]] '''Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Luchoviensis-e" et "Danebergensis" ad [[Luchovia]]m et [[Daneberga]]m repective referuntur. Primo de toponymo, vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)"; et secundo de toponymo, vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[Polabice]] ''Vokres Ljauchüw-Wajdars''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1932]] e circulis Luchoviensi et Dannenbergensi consociatis conditus est. Ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit, et ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] circuli est [[Luchovia]]. == Historia == Ager circuli fuit pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1867]] magnus circulus Danenbergensis conditus est, sed anno [[1885]] in circulos Luchoviam et Danebergam divisus est. Anno [[1932]] iterum coniunctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Coniunctiones == Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis duas coniunctiones habet, cum * [[Stegelicium-Zelendorfium|Stegelicio-Zelendorfio]] regione [[Berolinum|Berolini]] ab anno [[1979]], tum cum Stegelicio regione * [[Powiat Obornicki]] ([[Polonia]], ab anno 2001) == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae omnes ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') commune generale (3700) ** [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') oppidum (1362) ** [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') (634) ** [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'') (645) ** [[Prezelle]] (473) ** [[Schnackenburg]], oppidum (586) * [[Luchovia (Vandalia)|Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'') commune generale (24.675) ** [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'') (1589) ** [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'') oppidum (2446) ** [[Kusta]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Küsten'') (1362) ** [[Lemgovia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref><ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Lemgow'') (1408) ** [[Liubeme]]<ref name="Lübbow">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/luebbow/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Schriftlich ist das zweizeilige Reihendorf erstmals in einer kaiserlichen Urkunde aus dem Jahr 956 erwähnt: Ks. Otto I. († 973) schenkte dem Kloster Quedlinburg sechs Dörfer, darunter ''Liubeme'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Lübbow'') (836) ** [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw''), urbs et sedes administrationis (9401) ** [[Luccavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Luccavia]]<ref name="Luccavia">Theodiscum toponymum ''Luckau'' forma "Luccavia" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Luccavia]]m apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Luckau'') (634) ** [[Schnega]] (1354) ** [[Trebel]] (953) ** [[Waddeweitz]] (906) ** [[Woltersdorf]] (939) ** [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)|Wustrow]], oppidum (2847) * [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Prata Albis]]<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale (20.707 incolae) ** [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317) ** [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars''), urbs (8081) ** [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635) ** [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'') (1225) ** [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci''), urbs (4933) ** [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'') (1071) ** [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'') (742) ** [[Longa Villa (Saxonia Inferior)|Longa Villa]]<ref name="Longa Villa">Theodiscum toponymum ''Langendorf'' Latino toponymo "Longa Villa" verti solet. Qua de correspondentia, vide [https://dbc.wroc.pl/Content/15237/PDF/17250.pdf?utm ''Das Waldhufendorf in Schlesien'', Gualterii Bernardi], ubi dicitur "(...) Langedorf ca. 1305 L.F.B.208 Longa villa (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Langendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langendörp'') (719) ** [[Neu Darchau]] (1396) ** [[Zernien]] (1588) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circulum Luchoviensem et Danebergensem}} * [http://www.luechow-dannenberg.de/ Situs interretialis circuli proprius.] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Luechow-Dannenberg circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1932]] lddo9jdlyupmil8ghpzb8pnnkvteahy 3993287 3993286 2026-10-06T23:10:34Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993287 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in DAN.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|Communia in circulo Luchoviensi et Danebergensi.]] '''Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Luchoviensis-e" et "Danebergensis" ad [[Luchovia]]m et [[Daneberga]]m repective referuntur. Primo de toponymo, vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)"; et secundo de toponymo, vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[Polabice]] ''Vokres Ljauchüw-Wajdars''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1932]] e circulis Luchoviensi et Dannenbergensi consociatis conditus est. Ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit, et ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] circuli est [[Luchovia]]. == Historia == Ager circuli fuit pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1867]] magnus circulus Danenbergensis conditus est, sed anno [[1885]] in circulos Luchoviam et Danebergam divisus est. Anno [[1932]] iterum coniunctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Coniunctiones == Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis duas coniunctiones habet, cum * [[Stegelicium-Zelendorfium|Stegelicio-Zelendorfio]] regione [[Berolinum|Berolini]] ab anno [[1979]], tum cum Stegelicio regione * [[Powiat Obornicki]] ([[Polonia]], ab anno 2001) == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae omnes ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') commune generale (3700) ** [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') oppidum (1362) ** [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') (634) ** [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'') (645) ** [[Prezelle]] (473) ** [[Schnackenburg]], oppidum (586) * [[Luchovia (Vandalia)|Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'') commune generale (24.675) ** [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'') (1589) ** [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'') oppidum (2446) ** [[Kusta]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Küsten'') (1362) ** [[Lemgovia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref><ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Lemgow'') (1408) ** [[Liubeme]]<ref name="Lübbow">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/luebbow/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Schriftlich ist das zweizeilige Reihendorf erstmals in einer kaiserlichen Urkunde aus dem Jahr 956 erwähnt: Ks. Otto I. († 973) schenkte dem Kloster Quedlinburg sechs Dörfer, darunter ''Liubeme'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Lübbow'') (836) ** [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw''), urbs et sedes administrationis (9401) ** [[Luccavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Luccavia]]<ref name="Luccavia">Theodiscum toponymum ''Luckau'' forma "Luccavia" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Luccavia]]m apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Luckau'') (634) ** [[Schnega]] (1354) ** [[Trebel]] (953) ** [[Waddeweitz]] (906) ** [[Woltersdorf]] (939) ** [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)|Wustrow]], oppidum (2847) * [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Prata Albis]]<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale (20.707 incolae) ** [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317) ** [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars''), urbs (8081) ** [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635) ** [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'') (1225) ** [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci''), urbs (4933) ** [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'') (1071) ** [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'') (742) ** [[Longa Villa (Saxonia Inferior)|Longa Villa]]<ref name="Longa Villa">Theodiscum toponymum ''Langendorf'' Latino toponymo "Longa Villa" verti solet. Qua de correspondentia, vide [https://dbc.wroc.pl/Content/15237/PDF/17250.pdf?utm ''Das Waldhufendorf in Schlesien'', Gualterii Bernardi], ubi dicitur "(...) Langedorf ca. 1305 L.F.B.208 Longa villa (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Langendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langendörp'') (719) ** [[Nova Darchavia]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Neu Darchau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nee Darchau'') (1396) ** [[Zernien]] (1588) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circulum Luchoviensem et Danebergensem}} * [http://www.luechow-dannenberg.de/ Situs interretialis circuli proprius.] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Luechow-Dannenberg circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1932]] bz4if6uck1q3n4yfew572qo34w4qczg 3993290 3993287 2026-10-06T23:13:35Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993290 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in DAN.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|Communia in circulo Luchoviensi et Danebergensi.]] '''Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Luchoviensis et Danebergensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Luchoviensis-e" et "Danebergensis" ad [[Luchovia]]m et [[Daneberga]]m repective referuntur. Primo de toponymo, vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)"; et secundo de toponymo, vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lüchow-Dannenberg''; [[Polabice]] ''Vokres Ljauchüw-Wajdars''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1932]] e circulis Luchoviensi et Dannenbergensi consociatis conditus est. Ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit, et ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] circuli est [[Luchovia]]. == Historia == Ager circuli fuit pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis ab [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1867]] magnus circulus Danenbergensis conditus est, sed anno [[1885]] in circulos Luchoviam et Danebergam divisus est. Anno [[1932]] iterum coniunctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Coniunctiones == Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis duas coniunctiones habet, cum * [[Stegelicium-Zelendorfium|Stegelicio-Zelendorfio]] regione [[Berolinum|Berolini]] ab anno [[1979]], tum cum Stegelicio regione * [[Powiat Obornicki]] ([[Polonia]], ab anno 2001) == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae omnes ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Gartovia (commune generale)|Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') commune generale (3700) ** [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'') oppidum (1362) ** [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'') (634) ** [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'') (645) ** [[Prezelle]] (473) ** [[Schnackenburg]], oppidum (586) * [[Luchovia (Vandalia)|Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'') commune generale (24.675) ** [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'') (1589) ** [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'') oppidum (2446) ** [[Kusta]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Küsten'') (1362) ** [[Lemgovia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref><ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Lemgow'') (1408) ** [[Liubeme]]<ref name="Lübbow">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/luebbow/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Schriftlich ist das zweizeilige Reihendorf erstmals in einer kaiserlichen Urkunde aus dem Jahr 956 erwähnt: Ks. Otto I. († 973) schenkte dem Kloster Quedlinburg sechs Dörfer, darunter ''Liubeme'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Lübbow'') (836) ** [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw''), urbs et sedes administrationis (9401) ** [[Luccavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Luccavia]]<ref name="Luccavia">Theodiscum toponymum ''Luckau'' forma "Luccavia" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Luccavia]]m apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Luckau'') (634) ** [[Schnega]] (1354) ** [[Trebel]] (953) ** [[Waddeweitz]] (906) ** [[Woltersdorf]] (939) ** [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)|Wustrow]], oppidum (2847) * [[Prata Albis (commune generale)|Prata Albis]]<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale (20.707 incolae) ** [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317) ** [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars''), urbs (8081) ** [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635) ** [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'') (1225) ** [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci''), urbs (4933) ** [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'') (1071) ** [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'') (742) ** [[Longa Villa (Saxonia Inferior)|Longa Villa]]<ref name="Longa Villa">Theodiscum toponymum ''Langendorf'' Latino toponymo "Longa Villa" verti solet. Qua de correspondentia, vide [https://dbc.wroc.pl/Content/15237/PDF/17250.pdf?utm ''Das Waldhufendorf in Schlesien'', Gualterii Bernardi], ubi dicitur "(...) Langedorf ca. 1305 L.F.B.208 Longa villa (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Langendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langendörp'') (719) ** [[Nova Darchavia]]<ref name="Neu">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Neu?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum adiectivum aut praefixum ''Neu(-)'' Latino adiectivo "novus-a-um"] vertitur.</ref><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Neu Darchau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nee Darchau'') (1396) ** [[Zernien]] (1588) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg|Circulum Luchoviensem et Danebergensem}} * [http://www.luechow-dannenberg.de/ Situs interretialis circuli proprius.] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Luechow-Dannenberg circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1932]] 37fzb22n4zaean830oacgtiecsw13ym Prata Albis (commune generale) 0 198193 3993288 3987077 2026-10-06T23:11:39Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Prata Albis'''<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Prata Albis communia [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317 incolae), [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'') urbs (8081, sedes administrationis), [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635), [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'') (1225), [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci'') (4933), [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'') (1071), [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'') (742), [[Longa Villa (Saxonia Inferior)|Longa Villa]]<ref name="Longa Villa">Theodiscum toponymum ''Langendorf'' Latino toponymo "Longa Villa" verti solet. Qua de correspondentia, vide [https://dbc.wroc.pl/Content/15237/PDF/17250.pdf?utm ''Das Waldhufendorf in Schlesien'', Gualterii Bernardi], ubi dicitur "(...) Langedorf ca. 1305 L.F.B.208 Longa villa (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Langendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langendörp'') (719), [[Nova Darchavia]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Neu Darchau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nee Darchau'') (1396) atque [[Zernien]] (1588) pertinent. == Historia == Commune generale Prata Albis anno [[2006]] e communibus generalis Dannenbergae<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> et Hitgerae<ref name="Graesse"/> constitutum est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.elbtalaue.de/ Pagina Communis generalis Pratorum Albis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 2006]] ap74ax6y3zjrj7jpnhb0j54hluiy40b 3993289 3993288 2026-10-06T23:12:48Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Prata Albis'''<ref name="Prata Albis">Fingitur huius communis generalis Latinum nomen sic: Substantivum plurale "Prata" Theodiscum lexema ''-talaue'' vertit; qua de versione, vide: Georges, K. E. (1910). ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch-lateinisches Handwörterbuch: Deutsch-lateinischer Teil (VII ed., Vol. I, s.v. "Aue")''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung. Et hydronymum Latinum "[[Albis]]" Theodiscum hydronymicum lexema ''Elb-'' vertit; quo de hydronymo, vide: {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbtalaue'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Luchoviensis et Danebergensis|Circuli Luchoviensis et Danebergensis]] est. Ad Prata Albis communia [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'') (317 incolae), [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'') urbs (8081, sedes administrationis), [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'') (635), [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'') (1225), [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci'') (4933), [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'') (1071), [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'') (742), [[Longa Villa (Saxonia Inferior)|Longa Villa]]<ref name="Longa Villa">Theodiscum toponymum ''Langendorf'' Latino toponymo "Longa Villa" verti solet. Qua de correspondentia, vide [https://dbc.wroc.pl/Content/15237/PDF/17250.pdf?utm ''Das Waldhufendorf in Schlesien'', Gualterii Bernardi], ubi dicitur "(...) Langedorf ca. 1305 L.F.B.208 Longa villa (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Langendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langendörp'') (719), [[Nova Darchavia]]<ref name="Neu">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Neu?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum adiectivum aut praefixum ''Neu(-)'' Latino adiectivo "novus-a-um"] vertitur.</ref><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Neu Darchau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nee Darchau'') (1396) atque [[Zernien]] (1588) pertinent. == Historia == Commune generale Prata Albis anno [[2006]] e communibus generalis Dannenbergae<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> et Hitgerae<ref name="Graesse"/> constitutum est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://www.elbtalaue.de/ Pagina Communis generalis Pratorum Albis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 2006]] fbtkx10t7b41rsgiixjuk5z7o9jhypf Index communium Nederlandiae 0 202362 3993149 3861282 2026-10-06T12:05:55Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993149 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:2018-NL-Gemeenten-basis-2500px.png|150px|thumb|Tabula communium Nederlandiae post fusionem die 1 Ianuarii 2018]] In [[Nederlandia]] sunt 380 communia (''gemeenten'') et tria corpora publica (''openbare lichamen'') vel communia eximia (''bijzondere gemeenten''). Communia sunt divisio gradus secundi, partes [[Provinciae Nederlandiae|provinciarum]] constituentia. ==Communia== ===Communia usualia=== {|class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align: center;" ! scope="col" |Commune ! scope="col" |Codex CBS<ref name="CBS_code">[http://www.cbs.nl/nl-NL/menu/methoden/classificaties/overzicht/gemeentelijke-indeling/2013/default.htm Gemeentelijke indeling op 1 Ianuari 2013 = Municipalities on 1 January 2013],] 1 Ianuarii, ''CBS Classifications'' (Statistics Netherlands).</ref> ! scope="col" |Provincia ! scope="col" |Numerus incolarum (2013)<ref name="CBS_pop">[http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=37230NED&D1=17-18&D2=101-619,621,624-632&D3=l&LA=EN&HDR=T&STB=G1,G2&VW=T Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand = Population growth regions per month,] 24 Septembris 2013, ''CBS Statline'' (Statistics Netherlands).</ref> ! scope="col" |Spissitudo (2012)<ref name="CBS_key_figs"/> ! scope="col" |Superficie (2012)<ref name="CBS_key_figs">[http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/default.aspx?DM=SLNL&PA=70904ned&D1=15%2c157&D2=1-50000&D3=l&LA=EN&HDR=T&STB=G1%2cG2&VW=D Kerncijfers wijken en buurten = Key figures for neighbourhoods], 20 Decembris 2012, ''CBS Statline'' (Statistics Netherlands).</ref> ! scope="col" class=unsortable|Tabula |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Aa en Hunze]] |1680 |[[Drenthia]] |25432 |93 / km<sup>2</sup> (241 / sq mi) |278.88 km<sup>2</sup> (107.68 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1680 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Aa en Hunze]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Aalburg]] |0738 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |12828 |253 / km<sup>2</sup> (655 / sq mi) |53.17 km<sup>2</sup> (20.53 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0738 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Aalburg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Aalsmeer]] |0358 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |30733 |1,486 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,849 / sq mi) |32.29 km<sup>2</sup> (12.47 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0358 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Aalsmeer]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Aalten]] |0197 |[[Geldria]] |27077 |283 / km<sup>2</sup> (733 / sq mi) |97.03 km<sup>2</sup> (37.46 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0197 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Aalten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Achtkarspelen]] |0059 |[[Frisia]] |28038 |274 / km<sup>2</sup> (710 / sq mi) |103.98 km<sup>2</sup> (40.15 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0059 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Achtkarspelen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Alblasserdam]] |0482 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |19769 |2,216 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,739 / sq mi) |10.06 km<sup>2</sup> (3.88 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0482 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Alblasserdam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Albrandswaard]] |0613 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |25078 |1,143 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,960 / sq mi) |23.76 km<sup>2</sup> (9.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0613 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Albrandswaard]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Alcmaria]] '''(Alkmaar)''' |0361 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |94958 |3,222 / km<sup>2</sup> (8,345 / sq mi) |31.2 km<sup>2</sup> (12.05 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0361 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Alkmaar]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Almelo]] |0141 |[[Transisalania]] |72519 |1,079 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,795 / sq mi) |69.41 km<sup>2</sup> (26.8 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0141 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Almelo]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Almeria (urbs Flevolandiae)|Almeria]] '''(Almere)''' |0034 |[[Flevolandia]] |195740 |1,490 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,859 / sq mi) |248.77 km<sup>2</sup> (96.05 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0034 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Almere]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Alphen aan den Rijn]] |0484 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |72954 |1,324 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,429 / sq mi) |57.65 km<sup>2</sup> (22.26 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0484 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Alphen aan den Rijn]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Alphen-Chaam]] |1723 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |9672 |102 / km<sup>2</sup> (264 / sq mi) |93.51 km<sup>2</sup> (36.1 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1723 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Alphen-Chaam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ameland]] |0060 |[[Frisia]] |3594 |60 / km<sup>2</sup> (155 / sq mi) |268.5 km<sup>2</sup> (103.67 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0060 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Ameland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Amersfoort]] |0307 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |150492 |2,358 / km<sup>2</sup> (6,107 / sq mi) |63.86 km<sup>2</sup> (24.66 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0307 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Amersfoort]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Amstelodamum]] (''Amsterdam'') |0363 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |805166 |4,767 / km<sup>2</sup> (12,346 / sq mi) |219.32 km<sup>2</sup> (84.68 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Amsterdam Map - Municipality code 0363 (2022).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Amsterdam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Amstelveen]] |0362 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |84646 |2,011 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,208 / sq mi) |44.08 km<sup>2</sup> (17.02 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0362 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Amstelveen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Apeldornium]]<br>'''(Apeldoorn)''' |0200 |[[Geldria]] |157553 |462 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,197 / sq mi) |341.15 km<sup>2</sup> (131.72 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0200 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Apeldoorn]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Appingedam]] |0003 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |12019 |507 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,313 / sq mi) |24.58 km<sup>2</sup> (9.49 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0003 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Appingedam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Arenacum]] (''Arnhem'') |0202 |[[Geldria]] |150354 |1,523 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,945 / sq mi) |101.54 km<sup>2</sup> (39.2 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0202 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Arnhem]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Assen]] |0106 |[[Drenthia]] |67153 |820 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,124 / sq mi) |83.45 km<sup>2</sup> (32.22 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0106 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Assen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Asten, Netherlands|Asten]] |0743 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |16440 |234 / km<sup>2</sup> (606 / sq mi) |71.34 km<sup>2</sup> (27.54 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0743 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Asten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Baarle-Nassau]] |0744 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |6627 |88 / km<sup>2</sup> (228 / sq mi) |76.21 km<sup>2</sup> (29.42 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0744 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Baarle-Nassau]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Baarn]] |0308 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |24256 |749 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,940 / sq mi) |33.01 km<sup>2</sup> (12.75 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0308 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Baarn]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Barendrecht]] |0489 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |47350 |2,373 / km<sup>2</sup> (6,146 / sq mi) |21.73 km<sup>2</sup> (8.39 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0489 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Barendrecht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Barneveld]] |0203 |[[Geldria]] |53931 |304 / km<sup>2</sup> (787 / sq mi) |176.69 km<sup>2</sup> (68.22 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0203 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Barneveld]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bedum]] |0005 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |10488 |236 / km<sup>2</sup> (611 / sq mi) |44.96 km<sup>2</sup> (17.36 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0005 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bedum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Beek]] |0888 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |16301 |783 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,028 / sq mi) |21.03 km<sup>2</sup> (8.12 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0888 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Beek]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Beemster]] |0370 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |8870 |124 / km<sup>2</sup> (321 / sq mi) |72.07 km<sup>2</sup> (27.83 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0370 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Beemster]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Beesel]] |0889 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |13636 |488 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,264 / sq mi) |29.15 km<sup>2</sup> (11.25 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0889 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Beesel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Berg en Dal]] |1945 |[[Geldria]] |34653 |785 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |44.14 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0241 (2015).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Berg en Dal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bergae ad Zomam]] (''Bergen op Zoom'') |0748 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |66283 |826 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,139 / sq mi) |93.13 km<sup>2</sup> (35.96 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0748 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bergen op Zoom]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bergeijk]] |1724 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |18256 |179 / km<sup>2</sup> (464 / sq mi) |101.73 km<sup>2</sup> (39.28 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1724 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bergeijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bergen, Limburgum|Bergen (LI)]] |0893 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |13245 |128 / km<sup>2</sup> (332 / sq mi) |108.48 km<sup>2</sup> (41.88 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0893 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bergen, Limburgum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bergen, Hollandia Septentrionalis|Bergen (NH)]] |0373 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |30188 |316 / km<sup>2</sup> (818 / sq mi) |119.46 km<sup>2</sup> (46.12 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0373 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bergen, Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Berkelland]] |1859 |[[Geldria]] |44714 |174 / km<sup>2</sup> (451 / sq mi) |260.53 km<sup>2</sup> (100.59 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1859 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Berkelland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bernheze]] |1721 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |29770 |332 / km<sup>2</sup> (860 / sq mi) |90.41 km<sup>2</sup> (34.91 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1721 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bernheze]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bestus]] (''Best'') |0753 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |28601 |836 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,165 / sq mi) |35.1 km<sup>2</sup> (13.55 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0753 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Best]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Beuningen]] |0209 |[[Geldria]] |25281 |582 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,507 / sq mi) |47.09 km<sup>2</sup> (18.18 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0209 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Beuningen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Beverwijk]] |0375 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |40105 |2,172 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,625 / sq mi) |20.09 km<sup>2</sup> (7.76 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0375 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Beverwijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[De Bilt]] |0310 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |41975 |635 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,645 / sq mi) |67.13 km<sup>2</sup> (25.92 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0310 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix De Bilt]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Binnenmaas]] |0585 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |28696 |418 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,083 / sq mi) |75.57 km<sup>2</sup> (29.18 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0585 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Binnenmaas]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bladel]] |1728 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |19759 |260 / km<sup>2</sup> (673 / sq mi) |75.62 km<sup>2</sup> (29.2 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1728 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bladel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Blaricum]] |0376 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |9100 |813 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,106 / sq mi) |15.56 km<sup>2</sup> (6.01 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0376 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Blaricum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bloemendaal]] |0377 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |22172 |555 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,437 / sq mi) |45.18 km<sup>2</sup> (17.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0377 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bloemendaal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bodegraven-Reeuwijk]] |1901 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |32801 |434 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,124 / sq mi) |88.64 km<sup>2</sup> (34.22 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1901 (2011).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bodegraven-Reeuwijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Boekel]] |0755 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |10086 |289 / km<sup>2</sup> (749 / sq mi) |34.52 km<sup>2</sup> (13.33 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0755 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Boekel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ten Boer]] |0009 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |7496 |165 / km<sup>2</sup> (427 / sq mi) |45.73 km<sup>2</sup> (17.66 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0009 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Ten Boer]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Borger-Odoorn]] |1681 |[[Drenthia]] |25598 |94 / km<sup>2</sup> (243 / sq mi) |277.89 km<sup>2</sup> (107.29 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1681 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Borger-Odoorn]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Borne, Transisalania|Borne]] |0147 |[[Transisalania]] |21835 |830 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,150 / sq mi) |26.16 km<sup>2</sup> (10.1 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0147 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Borne]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Borsele]] |0654 |[[Zelandia]] |22622 |160 / km<sup>2</sup> (414 / sq mi) |194.52 km<sup>2</sup> (75.1 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0654 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Borsele]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Boxmeer]] |0756 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |28141 |255 / km<sup>2</sup> (660 / sq mi) |113.84 km<sup>2</sup> (43.95 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0756 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Boxmeer]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Boxtel]] |0757 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |30311 |475 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,230 / sq mi) |64.85 km<sup>2</sup> (25.04 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0757 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Boxtel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Breda]] |0758 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |179285 |1,400 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,626 / sq mi) |128.68 km<sup>2</sup> (49.68 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0758 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Breda]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Brielle]] |0501 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |16294 |583 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,510 / sq mi) |31.14 km<sup>2</sup> (12.02 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0501 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Brielle]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bronckhorst]] |1876 |[[Geldria]] |37060 |132 / km<sup>2</sup> (342 / sq mi) |286.42 km<sup>2</sup> (110.59 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1876 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bronckhorst]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Brummen]] |0213 |[[Geldria]] |21184 |254 / km<sup>2</sup> (658 / sq mi) |85.01 km<sup>2</sup> (32.82 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0213 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Brummen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Brunssum]] |0899 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |28939 |1,697 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,395 / sq mi) |17.34 km<sup>2</sup> (6.7 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0899 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Brunssum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bunnik]] |0312 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |14544 |391 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,013 / sq mi) |37.57 km<sup>2</sup> (14.51 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0312 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bunnik]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bunschoten]] |0313 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |20376 |664 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,720 / sq mi) |34.81 km<sup>2</sup> (13.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0313 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bunschoten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Buren]] |0214 |[[Geldria]] |25954 |193 / km<sup>2</sup> (500 / sq mi) |142.92 km<sup>2</sup> (55.18 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0214 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Buren]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Capelle aan den IJssel]] |0502 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |66238 |4,640 / km<sup>2</sup> (12,018 / sq mi) |15.4 km<sup>2</sup> (5.95 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0502 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Capelle aan den IJssel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Castricum]] |0383 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |34354 |694 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,797 / sq mi) |60.37 km<sup>2</sup> (23.31 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0383 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Castricum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Covordia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> |0109 |[[Drenthia]] |35764 |121 / km<sup>2</sup> (313 / sq mi) |299.69 km<sup>2</sup> (115.71 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0109 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Coevorden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Cranendonck]] |1706 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |20394 |267 / km<sup>2</sup> (692 / sq mi) |78.05 km<sup>2</sup> (30.14 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1706 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Cranendonck]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Cromstrijen]] |0611 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |12761 |235 / km<sup>2</sup> (609 / sq mi) |70.33 km<sup>2</sup> (27.15 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0611 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Cromstrijen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Cuijk]] |1684 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |24794 |481 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,246 / sq mi) |57.07 km<sup>2</sup> (22.03 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1684 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Cuijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Culemborg]] |0216 |[[Geldria]] |27653 |939 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,432 / sq mi) |31.14 km<sup>2</sup> (12.02 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0216 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Culemborg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Dalfsen]] |0148 |[[Transisalania]] |27652 |166 / km<sup>2</sup> (430 / sq mi) |166.52 km<sup>2</sup> (64.29 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0148 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Dalfsen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Dantumadiel]] |1891 |[[Frisia]] |19084 |226 / km<sup>2</sup> (585 / sq mi) |87.53 km<sup>2</sup> (33.8 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1891 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Dantumadiel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Daventria]] (''Deventer'') |0150 |[[Transisalania]] |98326 |752 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,948 / sq mi) |134.33 km<sup>2</sup> (51.87 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0150 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Deventer]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Delfzijl]] |0010 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |25802 |198 / km<sup>2</sup> (513 / sq mi) |227.5 km<sup>2</sup> (87.84 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0010 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Delfzijl]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Delphi (urbs Bataviae)|Delphi]] (''Delft'') |0503 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |98830 |4,324 / km<sup>2</sup> (11,199 / sq mi) |24.06 km<sup>2</sup> (9.29 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0503 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Delft]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Deurne, Brabantia Septentrionalis|Deurne]] |0762 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |31596 |271 / km<sup>2</sup> (702 / sq mi) |118.36 km<sup>2</sup> (45.7 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0762 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Deurne]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Diemen]] |0384 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |25156 |2,080 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,387 / sq mi) |14.04 km<sup>2</sup> (5.42 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0384 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Diemen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Dinkelland]] |1774 |[[Transisalania]] |26008 |148 / km<sup>2</sup> (383 / sq mi) |176.82 km<sup>2</sup> (68.27 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1774 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Dinkelland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Doesburg]] |0221 |[[Geldria]] |11480 |1,002 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,595 / sq mi) |12.96 km<sup>2</sup> (5 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0221 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Doesburg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Doetinchem]] |0222 |[[Geldria]] |56418 |711 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,841 / sq mi) |79.66 km<sup>2</sup> (30.76 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0222 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Doetinchem]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Dongen]] |0766 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |25356 |861 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,230 / sq mi) |29.72 km<sup>2</sup> (11.47 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0766 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Dongen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Dongeradeel]] |0058 |[[Frisia]] |24155 |145 / km<sup>2</sup> (376 / sq mi) |266.92 km<sup>2</sup> (103.06 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0058 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Dongeradeel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Dordracum]] (''Dordrecht'') |0505 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |118702 |1,504 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,895 / sq mi) |99.47 km<sup>2</sup> (38.41 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0505 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Dordrecht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Drechterland]] |0498 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |19289 |327 / km<sup>2</sup> (847 / sq mi) |80.74 km<sup>2</sup> (31.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0498 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Drechterland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Drimmelen]] |1719 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |26670 |277 / km<sup>2</sup> (717 / sq mi) |119.43 km<sup>2</sup> (46.11 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1719 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Drimmelen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Dronten]]<!-- vide Google Books 10lSAAAAcAAJ par. 17 cum vicis Bidningahusum=Biddinghuizen ac Suifterbant=Swifterbant --> |0303 |[[Flevolandia]] |40637 |121 / km<sup>2</sup> (313 / sq mi) |423.89 km<sup>2</sup> (163.66 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0303 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Dronten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Druten]] |0225 |[[Geldria]] |18167 |482 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,248 / sq mi) |42.46 km<sup>2</sup> (16.39 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0225 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Druten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Duiven]] |0226 |[[Geldria]] |25569 |752 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,948 / sq mi) |35.19 km<sup>2</sup> (13.59 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0226 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Duiven]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Echt-Susteren]] |1711 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |32009 |312 / km<sup>2</sup> (808 / sq mi) |104.53 km<sup>2</sup> (40.36 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1711 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Echt-Susteren]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Edam-Volendam]] |0385 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |28882 |1,760 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,558 / sq mi) |24.78 km<sup>2</sup> (9.57 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0385 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Edam-Volendam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ede, Netherlands|Ede]] |0228 |[[Geldria]] |110253 |342 / km<sup>2</sup> (886 / sq mi) |318.62 km<sup>2</sup> (123.02 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0228 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Ede]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Eemnes]] |0317 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |8756 |284 / km<sup>2</sup> (736 / sq mi) |33.7 km<sup>2</sup> (13.01 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0317 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Eemnes]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Eemsmond]] |1651 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |16016 |86 / km<sup>2</sup> (223 / sq mi) |543.35 km<sup>2</sup> (209.79 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1651 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Eemsmond]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Eersel]] |0770 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |18173 |220 / km<sup>2</sup> (570 / sq mi) |83.33 km<sup>2</sup> (32.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0770 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Eersel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Eijsden-Margraten]] |1903 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |25034 |323 / km<sup>2</sup> (837 / sq mi) |78.32 km<sup>2</sup> (30.24 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:LocatieEijsdenMargraten.png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Eijsden-Margraten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Elburg]] |0230 |[[Geldria]] |22637 |351 / km<sup>2</sup> (909 / sq mi) |65.91 km<sup>2</sup> (25.45 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0230 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Elburg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Emmen, Netherlands|Emmen]] |0114 |[[Drenthia]] |108132 |324 / km<sup>2</sup> (839 / sq mi) |346.25 km<sup>2</sup> (133.69 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0114 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Emmen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Endhovia]] (''Eindhoven'') |0772 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |220309 |2,476 / km<sup>2</sup> (6,413 / sq mi) |88.87 km<sup>2</sup> (34.31 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0772 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Eindhoven]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Enkhuizen]] |0388 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |18355 |1,471 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,810 / sq mi) |116.25 km<sup>2</sup> (44.88 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0388 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Enkhuizen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Enscheda]] (''Enschede'') |0153 |[[Transisalania]] |158343 |1,121 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,903 / sq mi) |142.72 km<sup>2</sup> (55.1 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0153 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Enschede]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Epe]] |0232 |[[Geldria]] |32352 |208 / km<sup>2</sup> (539 / sq mi) |157.37 km<sup>2</sup> (60.76 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0232 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Epe]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ermelo]] |0233 |[[Geldria]] |26042 |305 / km<sup>2</sup> (790 / sq mi) |87.33 km<sup>2</sup> (33.72 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0233 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Ermelo]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Etten-Leur]] |0777 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |42404 |760 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,968 / sq mi) |55.92 km<sup>2</sup> (21.59 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0777 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Etten-Leur]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ferwerderadiel]] |1722 |[[Frisia]] |8854 |90 / km<sup>2</sup> (233 / sq mi) |133.18 km<sup>2</sup> (51.42 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1722 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Ferwerderadiel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[De Fryske Marren]] |1940 |[[Frisia]] |51601 |143 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |559.93 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1921 (2014).png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix De Fryske Marren]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Gaudanum]] (''Gouda'') |0513 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |70981 |4,225 / km<sup>2</sup> (10,943 / sq mi) |18.11 km<sup>2</sup> (6.99 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0513 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Gouda]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Geertruidenberg]] |0779 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |21554 |806 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,088 / sq mi) |29.64 km<sup>2</sup> (11.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0779 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Geertruidenberg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Geldermalsen]] |0236 |[[Geldria]] |26284 |263 / km<sup>2</sup> (681 / sq mi) |101.73 km<sup>2</sup> (39.28 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0236 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Geldermalsen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Geldrop-Mierlo]] |1771 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |38845 |1,247 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,230 / sq mi) |31.39 km<sup>2</sup> (12.12 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1771 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Geldrop-Mierlo]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Gemert-Bakel]] |1652 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |29269 |237 / km<sup>2</sup> (614 / sq mi) |123.34 km<sup>2</sup> (47.62 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1652 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Gemert-Bakel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Gennapium]] (''Gennep'') |0907 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |17275 |364 / km<sup>2</sup> (943 / sq mi) |50.42 km<sup>2</sup> (19.47 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0907 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Gennep]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Giessenlanden]] |0689 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |14487 |228 / km<sup>2</sup> (591 / sq mi) |65.11 km<sup>2</sup> (25.14 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0689 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Giessenlanden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Gilze en Rijen]] |0784 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |26081 |391 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,013 / sq mi) |65.66 km<sup>2</sup> (25.35 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0784 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Gilze en Rijen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Goeree-Overflakkee]] |1924 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |48182 |184 / km<sup>2</sup> (480 / sq mi) |422.34 km<sup>2</sup> (163.07 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:LocatieGoereeOverflakkee.png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Goeree-Overflakkee]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Goesa]]<ref name="BF3-186">Ludovicus Guicciardinus, Pars tertia de Belgica Foederata, Amstelodami, anno 1660 {{GB|hXEpiib-MYkC|pag. 186}}.</ref><br>(''Goes'') |0664 |[[Zelandia]] |37036 |398 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,031 / sq mi) |101.92 km<sup>2</sup> (39.35 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0664 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Goes]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Goirle]] |0785 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |23062 |542 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,404 / sq mi) |42.34 km<sup>2</sup> (16.35 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0785 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Goirle]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Gooise Meren]] |1942 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |57407 |1,435 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |73.5 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1942.png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Gooise Meren]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Goricum]] (''Gorinchem'') |0512 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |35246 |1,855 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,804 / sq mi) |21.93 km<sup>2</sup> (8.47 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0512 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Gorinchem]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Grave, Brabantia Septentrionalis|Grave]] |0786 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |12699 |471 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,220 / sq mi) |28.03 km<sup>2</sup> (10.82 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0786 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Grave]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Groninga (urbs)|Groninga]] (''Groningen'') |0014 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |195839 |2,474 / km<sup>2</sup> (6,408 / sq mi) |83.75 km<sup>2</sup> (32.34 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0014 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Groningen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Grootegast]] |0015 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |12145 |141 / km<sup>2</sup> (365 / sq mi) |87.74 km<sup>2</sup> (33.88 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0015 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Grootegast]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Gulpen-Wittem]] |1729 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |14493 |198 / km<sup>2</sup> (513 / sq mi) |73.35 km<sup>2</sup> (28.32 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1729 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Gulpen-Wittem]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Haaksbergen]] |0158 |[[Transisalania]] |24298 |233 / km<sup>2</sup> (603 / sq mi) |105.5 km<sup>2</sup> (40.73 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0158 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Haaksbergen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Haaren, Brabantia Septentrionalis|Haaren]] |0788 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |13576 |236 / km<sup>2</sup> (611 / sq mi) |58.56 km<sup>2</sup> (22.61 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0788 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Haaren]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Haarlemmerliede en Spaarnwoude]] |0393 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |5544 |284 / km<sup>2</sup> (736 / sq mi) |21.19 km<sup>2</sup> (8.18 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0393 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Haarlemmerliede en Spaarnwoude]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Haarlemmermeer]] |0394 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |144153 |806 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,088 / sq mi) |185.29 km<sup>2</sup> (71.54 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0394 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Haarlemmermeer]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Haga]] (''Den Haag'') |0518 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |507611 |6,131 / km<sup>2</sup> (15,879 / sq mi) |98.12 km<sup>2</sup> (37.88 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0518 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Den Haag]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Halderberge]] |1655 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |29340 |393 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,018 / sq mi) |75.21 km<sup>2</sup> (29.04 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1655 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Halderberge]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hardenberg]] |0160 |[[Transisalania]] |59681 |190 / km<sup>2</sup> (492 / sq mi) |317.14 km<sup>2</sup> (122.45 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0160 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hardenberg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hardervicum]] (''Harderwijk'') |0243 |[[Geldria]] |45652 |1,177 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,048 / sq mi) |48.27 km<sup>2</sup> (18.64 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0243 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Harderwijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hardinxveld-Giessendam]] |0523 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |17734 |1,043 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,701 / sq mi) |19.35 km<sup>2</sup> (7.47 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0523 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hardinxveld-Giessendam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Haren, Groninga|Haren]] |0017 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |18752 |405 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,049 / sq mi) |50.73 km<sup>2</sup> (19.59 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0017 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Haren]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Harlemum]] (''Haarlem'') |0392 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |154352 |5,195 / km<sup>2</sup> (13,455 / sq mi) |32.09 km<sup>2</sup> (12.39 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0392 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Haarlem]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Harlingen, Frisia|Harlingen]] |0072 |[[Frisia]] |15777 |633 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,639 / sq mi) |387.67 km<sup>2</sup> (149.68 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0072 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Harlingen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hattemia]] (''Hattem'') |0244 |[[Geldria]] |11785 |511 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,323 / sq mi) |24.16 km<sup>2</sup> (9.33 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0244 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hattem]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heemskerk]] |0396 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |38991 |1,441 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,732 / sq mi) |31.67 km<sup>2</sup> (12.23 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0396 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heemskerk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heemstede]] |0397 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |26467 |2,848 / km<sup>2</sup> (7,376 / sq mi) |9.64 km<sup>2</sup> (3.72 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0397 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heemstede]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heerde]] |0246 |[[Geldria]] |18480 |232 / km<sup>2</sup> (601 / sq mi) |80.42 km<sup>2</sup> (31.05 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0246 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heerde]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heerenveen]] |0074 |[[Frisia]] |43219 |322 / km<sup>2</sup> (834 / sq mi) |140.07 km<sup>2</sup> (54.08 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0074 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heerenveen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heerhugowaard]] |0398 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |53199 |1,367 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,541 / sq mi) |39.99 km<sup>2</sup> (15.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0398 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heerhugowaard]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heerlen]] |0917 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |88461 |1,977 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,120 / sq mi) |45.53 km<sup>2</sup> (17.58 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0917 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heerlen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heeze-Leende]] |1658 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |15369 |148 / km<sup>2</sup> (383 / sq mi) |105.04 km<sup>2</sup> (40.56 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1658 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heeze-Leende]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heiloo]] |0399 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |22551 |1,211 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,136 / sq mi) |19.01 km<sup>2</sup> (7.34 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0399 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heiloo]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Den Helder]] |0400 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |56707 |1,261 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,266 / sq mi) |178.8 km<sup>2</sup> (69.04 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0400 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Den Helder]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hellendoorn]] |0163 |[[Transisalania]] |35799 |259 / km<sup>2</sup> (671 / sq mi) |138.99 km<sup>2</sup> (53.66 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0163 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hellendoorn]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hellevoetsluis]] |0530 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |39089 |1,250 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,237 / sq mi) |46.27 km<sup>2</sup> (17.86 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0530 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hellevoetsluis]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Helmond]] |0794 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |89139 |1,668 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,320 / sq mi) |54.75 km<sup>2</sup> (21.14 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0794 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Helmond]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht]] |0531 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |28822 |2,648 / km<sup>2</sup> (6,858 / sq mi) |11.9 km<sup>2</sup> (4.59 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0531 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hengelo]] |0164 |[[Transisalania]] |80999 |1,329 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,442 / sq mi) |61.83 km<sup>2</sup> (23.87 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0164 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hengelo]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heumen]] |0252 |[[Geldria]] |16375 |412 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,067 / sq mi) |41.54 km<sup>2</sup> (16.04 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0252 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heumen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Heusden]] |0797 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |43190 |547 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,417 / sq mi) |81.22 km<sup>2</sup> (31.36 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0797 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Heusden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hillegom]] |0534 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |20897 |1,613 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,178 / sq mi) |13.48 km<sup>2</sup> (5.2 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0534 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hillegom]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hilvarenbeek]] |0798 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |15086 |159 / km<sup>2</sup> (412 / sq mi) |96.49 km<sup>2</sup> (37.25 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0798 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hilvarenbeek]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hilversum]] |0402 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |86279 |1,875 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,856 / sq mi) |46.35 km<sup>2</sup> (17.9 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0402 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hilversum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hof van Twente]] |1735 |[[Transisalania]] |35067 |167 / km<sup>2</sup> (433 / sq mi) |215.41 km<sup>2</sup> (83.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1735 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hof van Twente]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hollands Kroon]] |1911 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |47600 |133 / km<sup>2</sup> (344 / sq mi) |662.2 km<sup>2</sup> (255.68 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:LocatieHollandsKroon.png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hollands Kroon]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hoogeveen]] |0118 |[[Drenthia]] |54695 |430 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,114 / sq mi) |129.25 km<sup>2</sup> (49.9 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0118 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hoogeveen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hoorn]] |0405 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |71567 |3,519 / km<sup>2</sup> (9,114 / sq mi) |53.25 km<sup>2</sup> (20.56 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0405 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hoorn]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Horst aan de Maas]] |1507 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |41726 |222 / km<sup>2</sup> (575 / sq mi) |191.92 km<sup>2</sup> (74.1 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1507 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Horst aan de Maas]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Houten]] |0321 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |48414 |872 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,258 / sq mi) |58.99 km<sup>2</sup> (22.78 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0321 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Houten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Huizen]] |0406 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |41341 |2,629 / km<sup>2</sup> (6,809 / sq mi) |23.32 km<sup>2</sup> (9 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0406 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Huizen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Hulst]] |0677 |[[Zelandia]] |27464 |137 / km<sup>2</sup> (355 / sq mi) |251.82 km<sup>2</sup> (97.23 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0677 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Hulst]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[IJsselstein]] |0353 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |34265 |1,620 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,196 / sq mi) |21.68 km<sup>2</sup> (8.37 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0353 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix IJsselstein]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Kaag en Braassem]] |1884 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |25757 |406 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,052 / sq mi) |72.24 km<sup>2</sup> (27.89 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1884 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Kaag en Braassem]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Kampen (Transisalania)|Kampen]] |0166 |[[Transisalania]] |51045 |355 / km<sup>2</sup> (919 / sq mi) |161.79 km<sup>2</sup> (62.47 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0166 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Kampen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Kapelle]] |0678 |[[Zelandia]] |12502 |334 / km<sup>2</sup> (865 / sq mi) |49.63 km<sup>2</sup> (19.16 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0678 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Kapelle]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Katwijk]] |0537 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |62834 |2,546 / km<sup>2</sup> (6,594 / sq mi) |31.13 km<sup>2</sup> (12.02 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0537 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Katwijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Kerkrade]] |0928 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |46901 |2,159 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,592 / sq mi) |22.13 km<sup>2</sup> (8.54 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0928 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Kerkrade]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Koggenland]] |1598 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |22492 |278 / km<sup>2</sup> (720 / sq mi) |84.13 km<sup>2</sup> (32.48 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1598 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Koggenland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Kollumerland c.a.|Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland]] |0079 |[[Frisia]] |12873 |118 / km<sup>2</sup> (306 / sq mi) |116.35 km<sup>2</sup> (44.92 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0079 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Korendijk]] |0588 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |10730 |140 / km<sup>2</sup> (363 / sq mi) |100.47 km<sup>2</sup> (38.79 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0588 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Korendijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Krimpen aan den IJssel]] |0542 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |28817 |3,681 / km<sup>2</sup> (9,534 / sq mi) |8.95 km<sup>2</sup> (3.46 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0542 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Krimpen aan den IJssel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Krimpenerwaard]] |1931 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |55660 |345 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |161.3 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:LocatieKrimpenerwaard.png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Krimpenerwaard]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Laarbeek]] |1659 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |21787 |390 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,010 / sq mi) |56.17 km<sup>2</sup> (21.69 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1659 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Laarbeek]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Landerd]] |1685 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |15227 |214 / km<sup>2</sup> (554 / sq mi) |70.71 km<sup>2</sup> (27.3 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1685 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Landerd]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Landgraaf]] |0882 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |37653 |1,549 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,012 / sq mi) |24.66 km<sup>2</sup> (9.52 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0882 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Landgraaf]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Landsmeer]] |0415 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |10463 |458 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,186 / sq mi) |26.5 km<sup>2</sup> (10.23 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0415 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Landsmeer]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Langedijk]] |0416 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |26879 |1,123 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,909 / sq mi) |27.03 km<sup>2</sup> (10.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0416 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Langedijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Lansingerland]] |1621 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |56778 |1,018 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,637 / sq mi) |56.37 km<sup>2</sup> (21.76 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1621 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Lansingerland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Laren]] |0417 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |10962 |915 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,370 / sq mi) |12.41 km<sup>2</sup> (4.79 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0417 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Laren]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Leek, Groninga|Leek]] |0022 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |19572 |307 / km<sup>2</sup> (795 / sq mi) |64.28 km<sup>2</sup> (24.82 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0022 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Leek]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Leerdam]] |0545 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |20649 |612 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,585 / sq mi) |34.42 km<sup>2</sup> (13.29 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0545 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Leerdam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Leeuwarden]] |0080 |[[Frisia]] |122335 |806 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |166.99 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0080 (2014).png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Leeuwarden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Leiderdorp]] |0547 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |26722 |2,313 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,991 / sq mi) |12.28 km<sup>2</sup> (4.74 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0547 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Leiderdorp]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Leidschendam-Voorburg]] |1916 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |72962 |2,214 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,734 / sq mi) |35.62 km<sup>2</sup> (13.75 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1916 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Leidschendam-Voorburg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Lelystad]] |0995 |[[Flevolandia]] |76081 |325 / km<sup>2</sup> (842 / sq mi) |765.45 km<sup>2</sup> (295.54 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0995 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Lelystad]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Leudal]] |1640 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |36309 |224 / km<sup>2</sup> (580 / sq mi) |164.89 km<sup>2</sup> (63.66 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1640 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Leudal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Leusden]] |0327 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |29043 |493 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,277 / sq mi) |58.89 km<sup>2</sup> (22.74 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0327 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Leusden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Lingewaal]] |0733 |[[Geldria]] |11042 |216 / km<sup>2</sup> (559 / sq mi) |54.49 km<sup>2</sup> (21.04 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0733 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Lingewaal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Lingewaard]] |1705 |[[Geldria]] |45773 |735 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,904 / sq mi) |69.14 km<sup>2</sup> (26.7 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1705 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Lingewaard]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Lisse]] |0553 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |22312 |1,435 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,717 / sq mi) |16.05 km<sup>2</sup> (6.2 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0553 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Lisse]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Lochem]] |0262 |[[Geldria]] |33333 |156 / km<sup>2</sup> (404 / sq mi) |215.94 km<sup>2</sup> (83.37 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0262 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Lochem]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Loon op Zand]] |0809 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |23081 |460 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,191 / sq mi) |50.71 km<sup>2</sup> (19.58 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0809 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Loon op Zand]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Lopik]] |0331 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |13971 |185 / km<sup>2</sup> (479 / sq mi) |78.98 km<sup>2</sup> (30.49 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0331 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Lopik]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Loppersum]] |0024 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |10264 |93 / km<sup>2</sup> (241 / sq mi) |111.99 km<sup>2</sup> (43.24 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0024 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Loppersum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Losser]] |0168 |[[Transisalania]] |22552 |229 / km<sup>2</sup> (593 / sq mi) |99.61 km<sup>2</sup> (38.46 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0168 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Losser]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Lugdunum Batavorum]] (''Leiden'') |0546 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |120105 |5,409 / km<sup>2</sup> (14,009 / sq mi) |23.27 km<sup>2</sup> (8.98 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0546 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Leiden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Maasdriel]] |0263 |[[Geldria]] |24146 |364 / km<sup>2</sup> (943 / sq mi) |75.46 km<sup>2</sup> (29.14 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0263 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Maasdriel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Maasgouw]] |1641 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |23953 |526 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,362 / sq mi) |57.99 km<sup>2</sup> (22.39 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1641 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Maasgouw]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Maassluis]] |0556 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |32016 |3,751 / km<sup>2</sup> (9,715 / sq mi) |10.12 km<sup>2</sup> (3.91 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0556 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Maassluis]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[De Marne]] |1663 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |10251 |62 / km<sup>2</sup> (161 / sq mi) |240.33 km<sup>2</sup> (92.79 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1663 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix De Marne]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Marum]] |0025 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |10390 |161 / km<sup>2</sup> (417 / sq mi) |64.89 km<sup>2</sup> (25.05 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0025 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Marum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Medemblik]] |0420 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |43281 |354 / km<sup>2</sup> (917 / sq mi) |257.56 km<sup>2</sup> (99.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0420 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Medemblik]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Medioburgum]] (''Middelburg'') |0687 |[[Zelandia]] |47754 |984 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,549 / sq mi) |53.04 km<sup>2</sup> (20.48 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0687 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Middelburg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Meerssen]] |0938 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |19340 |716 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,854 / sq mi) |27.64 km<sup>2</sup> (10.67 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0938 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Meerssen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Meierijstad]] |1948 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |80500 |437 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |185.52 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality codes 0860, 0844, 0846 (2009).png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Meierijstad]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Meppel]] |0119 |[[Drenthia]] |32894 |585 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,515 / sq mi) |57.03 km<sup>2</sup> (22.02 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0119 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Meppel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Midden-Delfland]] |1842 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |18370 |385 / km<sup>2</sup> (997 / sq mi) |49.38 km<sup>2</sup> (19.07 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1842 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Midden-Delfland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Midden-Drenthe]] |1731 |[[Drenthia]] |33397 |98 / km<sup>2</sup> (254 / sq mi) |345.87 km<sup>2</sup> (133.54 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1731 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Midden-Drenthe]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Midden-Groningen]] |1952 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |60938 |206 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |295.76 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Midden-Groningen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Mill en Sint Hubert]] |0815 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |10897 |209 / km<sup>2</sup> (541 / sq mi) |53.17 km<sup>2</sup> (20.53 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0815 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Mill en Sint Hubert]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Moerdijk]] |1709 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |36672 |229 / km<sup>2</sup> (593 / sq mi) |184.03 km<sup>2</sup> (71.05 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1709 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Moerdijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Molenwaard]] |1927 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |29069 |246 / km<sup>2</sup> (640 / sq mi) |126.47 km<sup>2</sup> (48.83 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1927 (2012).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Molenwaard]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Montferland]] |1955 |[[Geldria]] |34905 |332 / km<sup>2</sup> (860 / sq mi) |106.63 km<sup>2</sup> (41.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1955 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Montferland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Montfoort]] |0335 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |13655 |361 / km<sup>2</sup> (935 / sq mi) |38.2 km<sup>2</sup> (14.75 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0335 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Montfoort]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Mook en Middelaar]] |0944 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |7818 |453 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,173 / sq mi) |18.81 km<sup>2</sup> (7.26 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0944 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Mook en Middelaar]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Neder-Betuwe]] |1740 |[[Geldria]] |22583 |373 / km<sup>2</sup> (966 / sq mi) |68.16 km<sup>2</sup> (26.32 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1740 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Neder-Betuwe]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Nederweert]] |0946 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |16783 |167 / km<sup>2</sup> (433 / sq mi) |101.78 km<sup>2</sup> (39.3 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0946 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Nederweert]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Neerijnen]] |0304 |[[Geldria]] |12008 |181 / km<sup>2</sup> (469 / sq mi) |72.9 km<sup>2</sup> (28.15 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0304 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Neerijnen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Nieuwegein]] |0356 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |60988 |2,566 / km<sup>2</sup> (6,646 / sq mi) |25.65 km<sup>2</sup> (9.9 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0356 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Nieuwegein]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Nieuwkoop]] |0569 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |27060 |342 / km<sup>2</sup> (886 / sq mi) |91.16 km<sup>2</sup> (35.2 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0569 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Nieuwkoop]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Nijkerk]] |0267 |[[Geldria]] |40482 |578 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,497 / sq mi) |72.1 km<sup>2</sup> (27.84 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0267 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Nijkerk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Nissewaard]] |1930 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |84479 |1,027 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |98.74 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:LocatieNissewaard.png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Nissewaard]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]]<ref name="Deschamps183">Petrus Deschamps, Dictionnaire de géographie ancienne et moderne à l'usage du librairie et de l'amateur de livres, Lutetiae, anno 1870 {{GB|g3ByAPjtMNMC|pag. 183}}.</ref><br>(''Noord-Beveland'') |1695 |[[Zelandia]] |7544 |88 / km<sup>2</sup> (228 / sq mi) |121.51 km<sup>2</sup> (46.92 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1695 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Noord-Beveland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Noordenveld]] |1699 |[[Drenthia]] |31102 |154 / km<sup>2</sup> (399 / sq mi) |205.32 km<sup>2</sup> (79.27 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1699 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Noordenveld]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Noordoostpolder]] |0171 |[[Flevolandia]] |46466 |101 / km<sup>2</sup> (262 / sq mi) |595.43 km<sup>2</sup> (229.9 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0171 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Noordoostpolder]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Noordwijk]] |0575 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |25698 |719 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,862 / sq mi) |51.45 km<sup>2</sup> (19.86 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0575 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Noordwijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Noordwijkerhout]] |0576 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |15881 |692 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,792 / sq mi) |23.42 km<sup>2</sup> (9.04 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0576 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Noordwijkerhout]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Noviomagus Batavorum|Noviomagus]] (''Nijmegen'') |0268 |[[Geldria]] |166672 |3,081 / km<sup>2</sup> (7,980 / sq mi) |57.6 km<sup>2</sup> (22.24 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0268 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Nijmegen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten]] |0820 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |22605 |669 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,733 / sq mi) |33.94 km<sup>2</sup> (13.1 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0820 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Nunspeet]] |0302 |[[Geldria]] |26671 |207 / km<sup>2</sup> (536 / sq mi) |129.53 km<sup>2</sup> (50.01 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0302 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Nunspeet]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Nuth]] |0951 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |15525 |473 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,225 / sq mi) |33.13 km<sup>2</sup> (12.79 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0951 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Nuth]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oegstgeest]] |0579 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |22922 |3,123 / km<sup>2</sup> (8,089 / sq mi) |7.97 km<sup>2</sup> (3.08 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0579 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oegstgeest]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oirschot]] |0823 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |17975 |175 / km<sup>2</sup> (453 / sq mi) |102.84 km<sup>2</sup> (39.71 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0823 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oirschot]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oisterwijk]] |0824 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |25812 |403 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,044 / sq mi) |65.13 km<sup>2</sup> (25.15 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0824 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oisterwijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oldambt (municipality)|Oldambt]] |1895 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |38640 |172 / km<sup>2</sup> (445 / sq mi) |295.96 km<sup>2</sup> (114.27 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1895 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oldambt]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oldebroek]] |0269 |[[Geldria]] |22798 |233 / km<sup>2</sup> (603 / sq mi) |98.84 km<sup>2</sup> (38.16 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0269 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oldebroek]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oldenzaal]] |0173 |[[Transisalania]] |32168 |1,493 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,867 / sq mi) |21.95 km<sup>2</sup> (8.47 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0173 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oldenzaal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Olst-Wijhe]] |1773 |[[Transisalania]] |17799 |155 / km<sup>2</sup> (401 / sq mi) |118.37 km<sup>2</sup> (45.7 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1773 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Olst-Wijhe]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ommen]] |0175 |[[Transisalania]] |17371 |97 / km<sup>2</sup> (251 / sq mi) |182.01 km<sup>2</sup> (70.27 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0175 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Ommen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Onderbanken]] |0881 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |7942 |376 / km<sup>2</sup> (974 / sq mi) |21.24 km<sup>2</sup> (8.2 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0881 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Onderbanken]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oost Gelre]] |1586 |[[Geldria]] |29788 |274 / km<sup>2</sup> (710 / sq mi) |110.12 km<sup>2</sup> (42.52 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1586 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oost Gelre]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oosterhout]] |0826 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |53764 |756 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,958 / sq mi) |73.09 km<sup>2</sup> (28.22 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0826 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oosterhout]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ooststellingwerf]] |0085 |[[Frisia]] |25703 |115 / km<sup>2</sup> (298 / sq mi) |226.11 km<sup>2</sup> (87.3 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0085 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Ooststellingwerf]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oostzaan]] |0431 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |9107 |789 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,044 / sq mi) |16.08 km<sup>2</sup> (6.21 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0431 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oostzaan]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Opmeer]] |0432 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |11381 |274 / km<sup>2</sup> (710 / sq mi) |41.94 km<sup>2</sup> (16.19 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0432 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Opmeer]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Opsterland]] |0086 |[[Frisia]] |29852 |133 / km<sup>2</sup> (344 / sq mi) |227.64 km<sup>2</sup> (87.89 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0086 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Opsterland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oss]] |0828 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |84944 |555 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,437 / sq mi) |159.87 km<sup>2</sup> (61.73 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0828 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oss]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oud-Beijerland]] |0584 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |23670 |1,249 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,235 / sq mi) |19.61 km<sup>2</sup> (7.57 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0584 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oud-Beijerland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oude IJsselstreek]] |1509 |[[Geldria]] |39645 |292 / km<sup>2</sup> (756 / sq mi) |137.94 km<sup>2</sup> (53.26 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1509 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oude IJsselstreek]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ouder-Amstel]] |0437 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |13260 |548 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,419 / sq mi) |25.78 km<sup>2</sup> (9.95 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0437 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Ouder-Amstel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Oudewater]] |0589 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |9880 |252 / km<sup>2</sup> (653 / sq mi) |40.1 km<sup>2</sup> (15.48 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0589 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Oudewater]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Overbetuwe]] |1734 |[[Geldria]] |46644 |423 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,096 / sq mi) |115.08 km<sup>2</sup> (44.43 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1734 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Overbetuwe]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Papendrecht]] |0590 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |32113 |3,380 / km<sup>2</sup> (8,754 / sq mi) |10.79 km<sup>2</sup> (4.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0590 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Papendrecht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Peel en Maas]] |1894 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |43334 |271 / km<sup>2</sup> (702 / sq mi) |161.35 km<sup>2</sup> (62.3 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:LocatiePeelEnMaas.png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Peel en Maas]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Pekela]] |0765 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |12723 |262 / km<sup>2</sup> (679 / sq mi) |50.2 km<sup>2</sup> (19.38 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0765 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Pekela]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Pijnacker-Nootdorp]] |1926 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |50931 |1,341 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,473 / sq mi) |38.61 km<sup>2</sup> (14.91 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1926 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Pijnacker-Nootdorp]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Purmerend]] |0439 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |79512 |3,389 / km<sup>2</sup> (8,777 / sq mi) |24.56 km<sup>2</sup> (9.48 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0439 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Purmerend]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Putten]] |0273 |[[Geldria]] |23923 |280 / km<sup>2</sup> (725 / sq mi) |87.41 km<sup>2</sup> (33.75 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0273 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Putten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Raalte]] |0177 |[[Transisalania]] |36489 |214 / km<sup>2</sup> (554 / sq mi) |172.29 km<sup>2</sup> (66.52 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0177 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Raalte]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Reimerswaal (municipality)|Reimerswaal]] |0703 |[[Zelandia]] |21879 |213 / km<sup>2</sup> (552 / sq mi) |242.42 km<sup>2</sup> (93.6 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0703 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Reimerswaal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Renkum]] |0274 |[[Geldria]] |31554 |687 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,779 / sq mi) |47.23 km<sup>2</sup> (18.24 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0274 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Renkum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Renswoude]] |0339 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |4925 |262 / km<sup>2</sup> (679 / sq mi) |18.51 km<sup>2</sup> (7.15 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0339 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Renswoude]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Reusel-De Mierden]] |1667 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |12698 |162 / km<sup>2</sup> (420 / sq mi) |78.64 km<sup>2</sup> (30.36 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1667 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Reusel-De Mierden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Rheden]] |0275 |[[Geldria]] |43618 |533 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,380 / sq mi) |84.35 km<sup>2</sup> (32.57 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0275 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Rheden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Rhenen]] |0340 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |19109 |453 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,173 / sq mi) |43.76 km<sup>2</sup> (16.9 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0340 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Rhenen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ridderkerk]] |0597 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |45299 |1,904 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,931 / sq mi) |25.26 km<sup>2</sup> (9.75 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0597 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Ridderkerk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Rijssen-Holten]] |1742 |[[Transisalania]] |37718 |399 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,033 / sq mi) |94.38 km<sup>2</sup> (36.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1742 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Rijssen-Holten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Rijswijk]] |0603 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |47471 |3,344 / km<sup>2</sup> (8,661 / sq mi) |14.49 km<sup>2</sup> (5.59 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0603 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Rijswijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Roerdalen]] |1669 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |20885 |239 / km<sup>2</sup> (619 / sq mi) |88.7 km<sup>2</sup> (34.25 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1669 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Roerdalen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Ruremonda]] <!-- vide Grässe --> (''Roermond'') |0957 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |56952 |923 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,391 / sq mi) |71.1 km<sup>2</sup> (27.45 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0957 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Roermond]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[De Ronde Venen]] |0736 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |42696 |426 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,103 / sq mi) |116.98 km<sup>2</sup> (45.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0736 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix De Ronde Venen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Roosendaal]] |1674 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |77097 |728 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,886 / sq mi) |107.16 km<sup>2</sup> (41.37 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1674 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Roosendaal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Roterodamum]] (''Rotterdam'') |0599 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |614543 |2,952 / km<sup>2</sup> (7,646 / sq mi) |325.79 km<sup>2</sup> (125.79 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0599 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Rotterdam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Rozendaal]] |0277 |[[Geldria]] |1495 |54 / km<sup>2</sup> (140 / sq mi) |27.92 km<sup>2</sup> (10.78 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0277 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Rozendaal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Rucphen]] |0840 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |22223 |347 / km<sup>2</sup> (899 / sq mi) |64.47 km<sup>2</sup> (24.89 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0840 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Rucphen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Scaldia-Duvelandia]] (''Schouwen-Duiveland'') |1676 |[[Zelandia]] |34015 |148 / km<sup>2</sup> (383 / sq mi) |488.21 km<sup>2</sup> (188.5 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1676 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Schouwen-Duiveland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Schagen]] |0441 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |46087 |246 / km<sup>2</sup> (640 / sq mi) |186.97 km<sup>2</sup> (72.31 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0441 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Schagen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Scherpenzeel, Geldria|Scherpenzeel]] |0279 |[[Geldria]] |9480 |679 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,759 / sq mi) |13.81 km<sup>2</sup> (5.33 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0279 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Scherpenzeel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Schiedam]] |0606 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |76538 |4,230 / km<sup>2</sup> (10,956 / sq mi) |19.86 km<sup>2</sup> (7.67 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0606 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Schiedam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Schiermonnikoog]] |0088 |[[Frisia]] |948 |21 / km<sup>2</sup> (54 / sq mi) |199.07 km<sup>2</sup> (76.86 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0088 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Schiermonnikoog]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Schinnen]] |0962 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |12935 |549 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,422 / sq mi) |24.12 km<sup>2</sup> (9.31 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0962 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Schinnen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Silva Ducis]] ('' 's-Hertogenbosch '') |0796 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |143373 |1,680 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,351 / sq mi) |91.79 km<sup>2</sup> (35.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0796 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix 's-Hertogenbosch]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Simpelveld]] |0965 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |10921 |681 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,764 / sq mi) |16.02 km<sup>2</sup> (6.19 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0965 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Simpelveld]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Sint Anthonis]] |1702 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |11715 |119 / km<sup>2</sup> (308 / sq mi) |99.76 km<sup>2</sup> (38.52 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1702 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Sint Anthonis]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Sint-Michielsgestel]] |0845 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |28088 |481 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,246 / sq mi) |59.34 km<sup>2</sup> (22.91 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0845 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Sint-Michielsgestel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Sittard-Geleen]] |1883 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |93843 |1,196 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,098 / sq mi) |80.53 km<sup>2</sup> (31.09 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1883 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Sittard-Geleen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Sliedrecht]] |0610 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |24466 |1,888 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,890 / sq mi) |14.01 km<sup>2</sup> (5.41 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0610 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Sliedrecht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Slusa]] (''Sluis'') |1714 |[[Zelandia]] |23853 |85 / km<sup>2</sup> (220 / sq mi) |307.16 km<sup>2</sup> (118.6 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1714 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Sluis]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Smallingerland]] |0090 |[[Frisia]] |55393 |469 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,215 / sq mi) |126.17 km<sup>2</sup> (48.71 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0090 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Smallingerland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Soest (Nederlandia)|Soest]] |0342 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |45503 |986 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,554 / sq mi) |46.43 km<sup>2</sup> (17.93 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0342 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Soest]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Someren]] |0847 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |18653 |231 / km<sup>2</sup> (598 / sq mi) |81.5 km<sup>2</sup> (31.47 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0847 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Someren]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Son en Breugel]] |0848 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |16200 |610 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,580 / sq mi) |26.51 km<sup>2</sup> (10.24 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0848 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Son en Breugel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Stadskanaal]] |0037 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |32900 |280 / km<sup>2</sup> (725 / sq mi) |119.94 km<sup>2</sup> (46.31 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0037 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Stadskanaal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Staphorst]] |0180 |[[Transisalania]] |16344 |121 / km<sup>2</sup> (313 / sq mi) |135.69 km<sup>2</sup> (52.39 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0180 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Staphorst]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Stede Broec]] |0532 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |21437 |1,467 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,800 / sq mi) |16.37 km<sup>2</sup> (6.32 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0532 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Stede Broec]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Steenbergen]] |0851 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |23324 |159 / km<sup>2</sup> (412 / sq mi) |159.14 km<sup>2</sup> (61.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0851 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Steenbergen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Steenwijkerland]] |1708 |[[Transisalania]] |43395 |150 / km<sup>2</sup> (388 / sq mi) |321.59 km<sup>2</sup> (124.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1708 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Steenwijkerland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Stein, Limburgum|Stein]] |0971 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |25452 |1,211 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,136 / sq mi) |22.62 km<sup>2</sup> (8.73 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0971 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Stein]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Stichtse Vecht]] |1904 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |63755 |655 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,696 / sq mi) |106.82 km<sup>2</sup> (41.24 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1904 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Stichtse Vecht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Strijen]] |0617 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |8699 |174 / km<sup>2</sup> (451 / sq mi) |57.7 km<sup>2</sup> (22.28 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0617 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Strijen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Súdwest-Fryslân]] |1900 |[[Frisia]] |82572 |191 / km<sup>2</sup> (495 / sq mi) |813.14 km<sup>2</sup> (313.95 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1900 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Súdwest-Fryslân]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Svolla]] (''Zwolle'') |0193 |[[Transisalania]] |122737 |1,091 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,826 / sq mi) |119.36 km<sup>2</sup> (46.09 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0193 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zwolle]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Terneuzen]] |0715 |[[Zelandia]] |54687 |218 / km<sup>2</sup> (565 / sq mi) |317.76 km<sup>2</sup> (122.69 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0715 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Terneuzen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Terschelling]] |0093 |[[Frisia]] |4830 |55 / km<sup>2</sup> (142 / sq mi) |673.99 km<sup>2</sup> (260.23 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0093 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Terschelling]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Texel]] |0448 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |13634 |85 / km<sup>2</sup> (220 / sq mi) |463.16 km<sup>2</sup> (178.83 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0448 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Texel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Teylingen]] |1525 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |35774 |1,250 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,237 / sq mi) |33.49 km<sup>2</sup> (12.93 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1525 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Teylingen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Tholen]] |0716 |[[Zelandia]] |25495 |174 / km<sup>2</sup> (451 / sq mi) |254 km<sup>2</sup> (98.07 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0716 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Tholen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Tiel]] |0281 |[[Geldria]] |41768 |1,287 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,333 / sq mi) |34.81 km<sup>2</sup> (13.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0281 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Tiel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Tilliburgis]] (''Tilburg'') |0855 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |209043 |1,770 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,584 / sq mi) |119.18 km<sup>2</sup> (46.02 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0855 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Tilburg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Traiectum ad Rhenum]] (''Utrecht'') |0344 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |324723 |3,353 / km<sup>2</sup> (8,684 / sq mi) |99.21 km<sup>2</sup> (38.31 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0344 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Utrecht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Traiectum ad Rhenumse Heuvelrug]]{{dubsig}} (''Utrechtse Heuvelrug'') |1581 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |47914 |365 / km<sup>2</sup> (945 / sq mi) |134.09 km<sup>2</sup> (51.77 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1581 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Utrechtse Heuvelrug]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Traiectum Mosae]] (''Maastricht'') |0935 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |121317 |2,131 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,519 / sq mi) |60.03 km<sup>2</sup> (23.18 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0935 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Maastricht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Tubbergen]] |0183 |[[Transisalania]] |21211 |144 / km<sup>2</sup> (373 / sq mi) |147.44 km<sup>2</sup> (56.93 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0183 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Tubbergen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Twenterand]] |1700 |[[Transisalania]] |33915 |319 / km<sup>2</sup> (826 / sq mi) |108.14 km<sup>2</sup> (41.75 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1700 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Twenterand]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Tynaarlo]] |1730 |[[Drenthia]] |32525 |225 / km<sup>2</sup> (583 / sq mi) |147.7 km<sup>2</sup> (57.03 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1730 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Tynaarlo]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Tytsjerksteradiel]] |0737 |[[Frisia]] |31924 |215 / km<sup>2</sup> (557 / sq mi) |161.41 km<sup>2</sup> (62.32 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0737 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Tytsjerksteradiel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Uden]] |0856 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |40965 |609 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,577 / sq mi) |67.53 km<sup>2</sup> (26.07 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0856 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Uden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Uitgeest]] |0450 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |13156 |672 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,740 / sq mi) |22.29 km<sup>2</sup> (8.61 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0450 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Uitgeest]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Uithoorn]] |0451 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |28460 |1,552 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,020 / sq mi) |19.42 km<sup>2</sup> (7.5 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0451 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Uithoorn]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Urk]] |0184 |[[Flevolandia]] |19400 |1,644 / km<sup>2</sup> (4,258 / sq mi) |109.91 km<sup>2</sup> (42.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0184 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Urk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Falcoburgum ad Gulam]] (''Valkenburg aan de Geul'') |0994 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |16741 |461 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,194 / sq mi) |36.92 km<sup>2</sup> (14.25 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0994 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Valkenburg aan de Geul]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Valkenswaard]] |0858 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |30469 |557 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,443 / sq mi) |56.49 km<sup>2</sup> (21.81 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0858 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Valkenswaard]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Valis]] (''Vaals'') |0981 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |9671 |409 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,059 / sq mi) |23.87 km<sup>2</sup> (9.22 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0981 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Vaals]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Veendam]] |0047 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |27780 |367 / km<sup>2</sup> (951 / sq mi) |78.68 km<sup>2</sup> (30.38 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0047 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Veendam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Veenendaal]] |0345 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |63208 |3,222 / km<sup>2</sup> (8,345 / sq mi) |19.72 km<sup>2</sup> (7.61 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0345 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Veenendaal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Veere]] |0717 |[[Zelandia]] |21898 |165 / km<sup>2</sup> (427 / sq mi) |206.63 km<sup>2</sup> (79.78 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0717 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Veere]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Veldhoven]] |0861 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |44186 |1,383 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,582 / sq mi) |31.93 km<sup>2</sup> (12.33 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0861 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Veldhoven]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Velsen]] |0453 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |67180 |1,503 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,893 / sq mi) |63.05 km<sup>2</sup> (24.34 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0453 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Velsen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Venlonum]] (''Venlo'') |0983 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |100335 |800 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,072 / sq mi) |128.99 km<sup>2</sup> (49.8 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0983 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Venlo]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Venray]] |0984 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |43143 |263 / km<sup>2</sup> (681 / sq mi) |165 km<sup>2</sup> (63.71 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0984 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Venray]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Vianen]] |0620 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |19639 |499 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,292 / sq mi) |42.39 km<sup>2</sup> (16.37 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0620 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Vianen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Vlaardingen]] |0622 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |70863 |3,005 / km<sup>2</sup> (7,783 / sq mi) |26.69 km<sup>2</sup> (10.31 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0622 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Vlaardingen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Vlieland]] |0096 |[[Frisia]] |1122 |31 / km<sup>2</sup> (80 / sq mi) |315.8 km<sup>2</sup> (121.93 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0096 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Vlieland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Flissinga]]<ref name="BF3-185">Ludovicus Guicciardinus, Pars tertia de Belgica Foederata, Amstelodami, anno 1660 {{GB|hXEpiib-MYkC|pag. 185}}.</ref><br>(''Vlissingen'') |0718 |[[Zelandia]] |44401 |1,302 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,372 / sq mi) |344.83 km<sup>2</sup> (133.14 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0718 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Vlissingen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Voerendaal]] |0986 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |12479 |402 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,041 / sq mi) |31.52 km<sup>2</sup> (12.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0986 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Voerendaal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Voorschoten]] |0626 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |24833 |2,179 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,644 / sq mi) |11.56 km<sup>2</sup> (4.46 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0626 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Voorschoten]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Voorst]] |0285 |[[Geldria]] |23741 |193 / km<sup>2</sup> (500 / sq mi) |126.47 km<sup>2</sup> (48.83 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0285 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Voorst]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Vught]] |0865 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |25650 |770 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,994 / sq mi) |34.44 km<sup>2</sup> (13.3 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0865 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Vught]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Waadhoeke]] |1949 |[[Frisia]] |47000 |148 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |317 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Waadhoeke locator map municipality NL.png|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Waadhoeke]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Waalre]] |0866 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |16699 |737 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,909 / sq mi) |22.66 km<sup>2</sup> (8.75 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0866 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Waalre]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Waalwijk]] |0867 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |46513 |719 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,862 / sq mi) |67.65 km<sup>2</sup> (26.12 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0867 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Waalwijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Waddinxveen]] |0627 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |25419 |906 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,347 / sq mi) |29.4 km<sup>2</sup> (11.35 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0627 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Waddinxveen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Wageningen]] |0289 |[[Geldria]] |37928 |1,215 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,147 / sq mi) |32.36 km<sup>2</sup> (12.49 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0289 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Wageningen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Wassenaar]] |0629 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |25545 |506 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,311 / sq mi) |62.37 km<sup>2</sup> (24.08 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0629 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Wassenaar]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Waterland]] |0852 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |17135 |326 / km<sup>2</sup> (844 / sq mi) |115.66 km<sup>2</sup> (44.66 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0852 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Waterland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Weert]] |0988 |[[Limburgum (provincia Nederlandica)|Limburgum]] |48679 |466 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,207 / sq mi) |105.52 km<sup>2</sup> (40.74 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0988 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Weert]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Weesp]] |0457 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |18211 |879 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,277 / sq mi) |21.83 km<sup>2</sup> (8.43 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0457 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Weesp]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Werkendam]] |0870 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |26409 |253 / km<sup>2</sup> (655 / sq mi) |121.76 km<sup>2</sup> (47.01 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0870 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Werkendam]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[West Maas en Waal]] |0668 |[[Geldria]] |18444 |237 / km<sup>2</sup> (614 / sq mi) |85.21 km<sup>2</sup> (32.9 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0668 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix West Maas en Waal]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Westerveld]] |1701 |[[Drenthia]] |19028 |69 / km<sup>2</sup> (179 / sq mi) |282.74 km<sup>2</sup> (109.17 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1701 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Westerveld]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Westervoort]] |0293 |[[Geldria]] |15142 |2,168 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,615 / sq mi) |7.84 km<sup>2</sup> (3.03 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0293 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Westervoort]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Westerwolde]] |1950 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |24736 |88 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |280.65 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Westerwolde]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Westland (municipality), Netherlands|Westland]] |1783 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |103338 |1,282 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,320 / sq mi) |90.58 km<sup>2</sup> (34.97 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1783 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Westland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Weststellingwerf]] |0098 |[[Frisia]] |25518 |117 / km<sup>2</sup> (303 / sq mi) |228.45 km<sup>2</sup> (88.21 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0098 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Weststellingwerf]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Westvoorne]] |0614 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |13913 |261 / km<sup>2</sup> (676 / sq mi) |97.48 km<sup>2</sup> (37.64 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0614 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Westvoorne]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Wierden]] |0189 |[[Transisalania]] |23878 |251 / km<sup>2</sup> (650 / sq mi) |95.39 km<sup>2</sup> (36.83 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0189 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Wierden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Wijchen]] |0296 |[[Geldria]] |41001 |613 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,588 / sq mi) |69.56 km<sup>2</sup> (26.86 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0296 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Wijchen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Wijdemeren]] |1696 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |23223 |487 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,261 / sq mi) |76.36 km<sup>2</sup> (29.48 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1696 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Wijdemeren]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Wijk bij Duurstede]] |0352 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |23059 |485 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,256 / sq mi) |50.25 km<sup>2</sup> (19.4 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0352 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Wijk bij Duurstede]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Winsum]] |0053 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |13844 |138 / km<sup>2</sup> (357 / sq mi) |102.53 km<sup>2</sup> (39.59 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0053 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Winsum]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Winterswijk]] |0294 |[[Geldria]] |28902 |210 / km<sup>2</sup> (544 / sq mi) |138.81 km<sup>2</sup> (53.59 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0294 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Winterswijk]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Woensdrecht]] |0873 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |21633 |237 / km<sup>2</sup> (614 / sq mi) |91.91 km<sup>2</sup> (35.49 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0873 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Woensdrecht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Woerden]] |0632 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |50502 |560 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,450 / sq mi) |92.92 km<sup>2</sup> (35.88 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0632 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Woerden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[De Wolden]] |1690 |[[Drenthia]] |23648 |106 / km<sup>2</sup> (275 / sq mi) |226.35 km<sup>2</sup> (87.39 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1690 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix De Wolden]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Wormerland]] |0880 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |15738 |407 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,054 / sq mi) |45.18 km<sup>2</sup> (17.44 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0880 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Wormerland]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Woudenberg]] |0351 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |12412 |329 / km<sup>2</sup> (852 / sq mi) |36.82 km<sup>2</sup> (14.22 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0351 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Woudenberg]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Woudrichem]] |0874 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |14399 |292 / km<sup>2</sup> (756 / sq mi) |51.7 km<sup>2</sup> (19.96 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0874 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Woudrichem]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zaanstad]] |0479 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |150384 |2,007 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,198 / sq mi) |83.24 km<sup>2</sup> (32.14 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0479 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zaanstad]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zaltbommel]] |0297 |[[Geldria]] |27086 |336 / km<sup>2</sup> (870 / sq mi) |89.04 km<sup>2</sup> (34.38 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0297 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zaltbommel]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zandvoort]] |0473 |[[Hollandia Septentrionalis]] |16560 |519 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,344 / sq mi) |43.97 km<sup>2</sup> (16.98 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0473 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zandvoort]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zederik]] |0707 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |13635 |182 / km<sup>2</sup> (471 / sq mi) |76.5 km<sup>2</sup> (29.54 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0707 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zederik]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zeewolde]] |0050 |[[Flevolandia]] |21361 |86 / km<sup>2</sup> (223 / sq mi) |268.86 km<sup>2</sup> (103.81 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0050 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zeewolde]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zeist]] |0355 |[[Traiectum ad Rhenum (provincia)|Traiectum ad Rhenum]] |61129 |1,262 / km<sup>2</sup> (3,269 / sq mi) |48.65 km<sup>2</sup> (18.78 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0355 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zeist]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zevenaar]] |0299 |[[Geldria]] |43466 |410 / km<sup>2</sup> (... / sq mi) |106.11 km<sup>2</sup> (... sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0299 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zevenaar]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zoetermeer]] |0637 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |123505 |3,540 / km<sup>2</sup> (9,169 / sq mi) |37.05 km<sup>2</sup> (14.31 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0637 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zoetermeer]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zoeterwoude]] |0638 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |8069 |384 / km<sup>2</sup> (995 / sq mi) |21.96 km<sup>2</sup> (8.48 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0638 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zoeterwoude]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zuidhorn]] |0056 |[[Groninga (provincia)|Groninga]] |18761 |149 / km<sup>2</sup> (386 / sq mi) |128.37 km<sup>2</sup> (49.56 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0056 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zuidhorn]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zuidplas]] |1892 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |40919 |685 / km<sup>2</sup> (1,774 / sq mi) |62.42 km<sup>2</sup> (24.1 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Gemeente Zuidplas.svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zuidplas]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zuindracum (Nederlandia)|Zuindracum]] (''Zwijndrecht'') |0642 |[[Hollandia Australis]] |44574 |2,187 / km<sup>2</sup> (5,664 / sq mi) |22.77 km<sup>2</sup> (8.79 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0642 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zwijndrecht]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zundert]] |0879 |[[Brabantia Septentrionalis]] |21797 |176 / km<sup>2</sup> (456 / sq mi) |121.17 km<sup>2</sup> (46.78 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0879 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zundert]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zutphania]] (''Zutphen'') |0301 |[[Geldria]] |47233 |1,150 / km<sup>2</sup> (2,978 / sq mi) |42.93 km<sup>2</sup> (16.58 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 0301 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zutphen]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Zwartewaterland]] |1896 |[[Transisalania]] |22201 |267 / km<sup>2</sup> (692 / sq mi) |87.86 km<sup>2</sup> (33.92 sq mi) |[[Fasciculus:Map - NL - Municipality code 1896 (2009).svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Zwartewaterland]] |} ===Communia eximia=== {|class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="text-align: center;" ! scope="col" |Commune ! scope="col" |Caput ! scope="col" |Numerus incolarum (2013)<ref name="Caribbean_pop">{{cite web |url = http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLEN&PA=80534ENG&D1=0&D2=0&D3=0&D4=a&D5=l&LA=EN&HDR=T&STB=G1,G2,G3,G4&VW=T |title = Population of Dutch Caribbean (1 January); sex, age |author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date = 6 June 2012 |work = CBS Statline |publisher = Statistics Netherlands |accessdate = 28 March 2013}}</ref> ! scope="col" |Spissitudo ! scope="col" |Superficie (2012)<ref name="Caribbean_area">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130605015334/http://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten-en-publicaties/rapporten/2012/02/20/bijlagen-referentiekader-caribisch-nederland.html Referentiekader Caribisch Nederland met bijlagen] (PDF). IdeeVersa. 20 Februarii 2012. pp. 25–27.</ref> ! scope="col" class=unsortable|Tabula |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Bonaire]] |[[Kralendijk]] |16541 |57 / km<sup>2</sup> |288 km<sup>2</sup> |[[Fasciculus:Bonaire in its region.svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Bonaire]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Saba (insula)|Saba]] |[[The Bottom]] |1971 |152 / km<sup>2</sup> |13 km<sup>2</sup> |[[Fasciculus:Saba in its region.svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Saba]] |- ! scope="row" style="background-color:transparent"|[[Sint Eustatius]] |[[Oranjestad, Sint Eustatius|Oranjestad]] |3791 |181 / km<sup>2</sup> |21 km<sup>2</sup> |[[Fasciculus:Sint Eustatius in its region.svg|150px|alt=Charta locatrix Sint Eustatius]] |} ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==Nexus externi== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090419055355/http://almanak.overheid.nl/categorie/2/Gemeenten_A-Z/ Index communium apud situm Administrationis Nederlandiae] [[Categoria:Communia Nederlandiae|!]] [[Categoria:Indices communium et municipiorum|Nederlandia]] o9n2ygg57qp4ufbudc8mp7whgrsaez5 Castrum Anglarii 0 207338 3993299 3894043 2026-10-06T23:41:26Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Castrum Anglarii'''<ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120228182529/http://www.italiapedia.it/ www.italiapedia.it]</ref> (alia nomina: ''Castrum Anglareii, Castrum Anglerei, Anglarei, Anglari'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Angiari|Angiari]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Venetia (regio)|Venetia]] et in [[Provincia Veronensis|Provincia Veronensi]] situm. Incolae ''Anglarienses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Venetia (regio)|Venetia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Veronensis]], * [[Verona]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160531010613/http://www.comune.angiari.vr.it/ Pagina officialis] {{CommuniaCat|Angiari|Castrum Anglarii}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Angiari (province of Verona, region Veneto, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Veronensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Veronae]] 51dae0ohrhgmnm0ha2nak71jtcvzwue Belvixinum 0 213732 3993230 3525654 2026-10-06T18:11:42Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993230 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Belvixinum'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=WCNFAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Ius municipale Vicentinum: Cum additione Partium Illustrissimi Dominij - Contrinus, 1567]</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Belvixinum|i|n}} seu '''Belvisinum'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=WCNFAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Ius municipale Vicentinum: Cum additione Partium Illustrissimi Dominij - Contrinus, 1567]</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Belvisinum|i|n}} (alia nomina: ''Turris Belvixini, Turris de Belvixino, Turris Belvisini, Turris de Belvisino'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Torrebelvicino|Torrebelvicino]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 6&thinsp;100 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Venetia (regio)|Venetia]] et in [[Provincia Vicetina]] situm. Incolae ''Belvixinenses'' vel ''Turritani'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Venetia (regio)|Venetia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Vicetina]], * [[Vicetia]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120210081328/http://www.comune.torrebelvicino.vi.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Torrebelvicino|Belvixinum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Torrebelvicino (province of Vicenza, region Veneto, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Vicetina. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Vicetiae]] 4ta4qzv9dpu7xyc5k5rwoow2h6gfefl Index urbium, oppidorum et communium Saxoniae Inferioris 0 216135 3993169 3992528 2026-10-06T12:52:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993169 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communia et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfhusen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni (Circulus Neoburgensis Visurgensis)|Alisni]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Neoburgensis Visurgensis|Circulo Neoburgensi Visurgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Nienburg/Weser">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Neoburgensis Visurgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Nienburg/Weser'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus " Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Neoburgensis-e" et "Visurgensis-e" ad commune [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Novam Urbem]] et flumen [[Visurgis|Visurgem]] respective referuntur. Quibus de toponymis, vide {{Graesse}}</ref>)</small> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Liebenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Levenau'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Paludis Visurgensis|Circulo Paludis Visurgensis]]<ref name="Landkreis Wesermarsch">Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' -secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo- vertit. De Latina autem toponymia, vide Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter. Theodisce ''Landkreis Wesermarsch''.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drakenborg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auriacum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auriacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref name="Landkreis Osnabrück">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bernsium Minus]]<ref name="Bernsium">Vide [https://emslaendische-landschaft.de/images/AFEL/Publikationen/Zeitschriften/Band_22/Heft_109_Mai_2011.pdf?utm ''Emsländische Landschaft''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Berßen, Groß oder Klein''' (...) Bernsium (...)".</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Klein Berßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lütke Bässen'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Bersinium]]<ref name="Kaemling 1987">Kaemling, ''Atlas zur Geschichte Niedersachsens'' (1987).</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Berßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groten Bässen'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Binn’n'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bracum]]<ref name="Kirchbrak">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum terminationibus ''-ac'' aut ''-ach'' aut ''-ack'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-acum-i" aut "-achium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ac, -ach, -ack''' : -''acum,'' -''achium'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizantia suffixa formis antiquis huius toponymi "Brac" applicantur; quo de toponymo, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B77-F/NOB%20VI%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Holzminden.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''/NOB VI Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''Theodericus de Brach'' (...) ''Henricus de Brach'' (...) ''Henrico de Brack'' (...) villa Brac (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchbrak''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kerkbraak'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde''¨; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bräwer'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Calba (Saxonia Inferior)|Calba]]<ref name="Kalbe">Theodiscum toponymum ''Kalbe'' seu ''Calbe'' forma "Calba" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Calba ad Salam|Calbam ad Salam]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kalbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kalf'')</small> * [[Calefelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Calefeldensis">"C" pro "K" ponitur propter orthographiam gentilicii "Calefeldensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Abhandlungen_zur_geologischen_Specialkarte_von_Preussen_und_den_Th%C3%BCringischen_Staaten_%28IA_abhandlungenzurg8589preu%29.pdf?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=index&utm_content=original ''Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thüringischen Staaten''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Calefeldensis'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kalefeld'')</small> * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Clusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Clusa]]<ref name="Kluse">Theodiscum Saxonicumque toponymum ''Kluse'' derivatur a Medio-Latino vocabulo "clūsa", "angustum montium aditum, locum clausum" significante, quae ad Latinum verbum "claudere" refertur; cf. Kluge, ''Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache'', s.v. ''Klause'', ubi Mediaevali Theodisco vocabulo ''klûse'', Antiquo Theodisco vocabulo ''chlûsa'' ex [[Latinitas medii aevi|Mediaevali Latino vocabulo]] "clausa, clusa" deducitur, et Lühr, ''Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen'', V, s.v. ''klûsa'', ubi Antiquum Theodiscum vocabulum ''klûsa'', ''Einfriedung, Engpass'' significans, ex [[Latinitas medii aevi|Mediaevali Latino vocabulo]] "clūsa" explicatur. Inde Theodiscum Saxonicumque toponymum ''Kluse'' ortum est.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kluse'')</small> * [[Coeli Porta]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himmelpforten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himmelpoorten'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cornu Curvatum]]<ref name="Cornu Curvatum">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/curvatus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum adiectivale praefixum ''Krumm-'' Latino adiectivo "curvatus-a-um"] et [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/cornu?wb=gross&nr=2 Theodiscum nominale suffixum ''-hörn'' Latino nomine "cornu-us" (n.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Krummhörn'')</small> * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Cranenburgum (Saxonia Inferior)|Cranenburgum]]<ref name="Cranenburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Kranenburg'' "Cranenburgum" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Cranenburgum (Rhenania Septentrionalis et Vestfalia)|Cranenburgum Rhenanum]] apud ''Atlas Sive Cosmographicae Meditationes de Fabrica Mundi et Fabricati Figura'', Mercatoris.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kranenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kronenborg'')</small> * [[Curia Maiorica]]<ref name="Curia Maiorica">Manfred Niemeyer (Hrsg.): ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter, Berolini 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7, S. 298.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jork''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jörk'')</small> * [[Curia Sanctae Mariae]]<ref name="Marienhafe">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3134/Marienhafe.pdf ''Marienhafe''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich wird Marienhafe erstmals am 16. Februar 1250 als „curia sancte Marie“, d.h. „Hof der heiligen Maria“ erwähnt. 1362 ist von „curia Virginis gloriose“ (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Marienhafe'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-thal''' : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Diddersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Deepnau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklaga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dithgherscope-Twielenflethum]]<ref name="Hollern">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hollern-twielenfleth/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi dicitur "(...) ''Luderus in Dithgherscope'' (...)".</ref><ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollern-Twielenfleth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullern-Twielenfleth'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Draga (Albis)|Draga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentweda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf'' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eggermöhlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Hildesiensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-e"/> </small>(in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]]<ref name="Circulus Hildesiensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Hildesiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Hildesheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Hildesiensis-e" ad [[Hildesia]]m refertur. Hac de urbe, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Circulo Holtisminnensi]]<ref name="Circulus Holtisminnensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eimka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elba (Saxonia Inferior)|Elba]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Ericetum Magnum]]<ref name="Ericetum">[https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=MeckWB&lemid=H01756 Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum et vocabulum ''(-)Heide'' Latino nomine "Ericetum-i" vertitur.]</ref><ref name="Magnus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Groß-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um" vertitur.]</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootheid'')</small> * [[Escheda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'' seu ''Esdrup'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eestrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Frideburgum]]<ref name="Frideburgum">Vide [https://www.heimatbund-finnentrop.de/index_htm_files/Staats-%20u.%20Reisegeogr.%205.pdf?utm ''Beschreibung derer merkwürdigsten Oerter''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Frideburg, Friedeburg, lat. Frideburgum'''. Liegt im Fürstenthum Ostfriesland, an den Grenzen der Grafschaft Oldenburg (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Friedeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freborg'' seu ''Freebörg'')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedlandia]]<ref name="Friedland">Theodiscum toponymum ''Friedland' in Latinam "Friedlandia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friedland'')</small> * [[Frisoyta]]<ref name="Frisoyta">Vide [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363707446_Der_Status_animarum_im_Hochstift_Munster_und_die_Alphabetisierung_im_landlichen_Raum_eines_geistlichen_Furstentums_im_17_und_18_Jahrhundert ''Der Status animarum im Hochstift Münster und die Alphabetisierung im ländlichen Raum eines geistlichen Fürstentums im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert''], ubi dicitur "(...) Specificatio catholic[orum] et acatholicorum in Frisoyta (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friesoythe''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ait''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aithe'')</small> * [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'')</small> * [[Furstenberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fürstenberg'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesea]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ganderkesee''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gannerseer'')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gandesbergen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Gannsbargen'')</small> * [[Garbsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garbsen'')</small> * [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garrel'')</small> * [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'')</small> * [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'')</small> * [[Geesta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Geeste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Choeiste'')</small> * [[Geestlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Geestland'')</small> * [[Gehrda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gährde'')</small> * [[Gemmegum]]<ref name="Gemmegum">Vide ''Giminghem - der alte Name von Jemgum'' Gerhardi Kronsweide; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Mittelalterliche urkundliche und einige neuzeitliche Nennungen von Jemgum''' (...) Gemmegum (Urkunde in lateinisch) (...) Gommegum (lat.) (...) Gemghum (lat.) (...) Gemmyngum (lat.) (...) Jemgum (Ubbo Emmius, lat.) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jemgum'')</small> * [[Georgsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Georgsdorf'')</small> * [[Gerdavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gerdau'')</small> * [[Gerdinum]]<ref name="Gerdinium">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/gehrden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der spätere Flecken möglicherweis erstmals als ''Gerdinum'' im Verzeichnis der Schenkungen (''Traditionen'') an das Kloster Corvey erwähnt, das um 826/76 angelegt wurde (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gieren'')</small> * [[Gersta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gersten'')</small> * [[Geteloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'')</small> * [[Gevensleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gevensleben'')</small> * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'')</small> * [[Giesa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Giesen'')</small> * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gilten'')</small> * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'')</small> * [[Gleicha]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gleichen'')</small> * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'')</small> * [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'')</small> * [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'')</small> * [[Goldenstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Goldenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gollnste'')</small> * [[Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'')</small> * [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'')</small> * [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'')</small> * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-horst'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-horstium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-horst''' : -''horstium'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grafhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grafhorst'')</small> * [[Grasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grasbarg'')</small> * [[Grasleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasleben''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graslewe'')</small> * [[Grethemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grethem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graitn'')</small> * [[Grona (Leina)|Grona]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gronau'')</small> * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grunendicum]]<ref name="-dicum"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grünendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Greundiek'')</small> * [[Guderhandviertel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Guderhandviertel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gauderhandviddel'')</small> * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'')</small> * [[Gyhum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gyhum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jeem'')</small> {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hachede]]<ref name="Hachede">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/marschacht/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''paludem a Blekethe vsque ad Ecclesiam Hachede'' (...) ''in quorum honore est altare in prefata ecclesia Hachethe dedicatum'' (...) ''Hinricus Bartolomei plebanus in Merschhachede'' (...) ''rector parrochialis ecclesie in Merschachtede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Marschacht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Meschacht'')</small> * [[Hademstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hademstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hamstorp'')</small> * [[Haeslinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heeslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßel'')</small> * [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Haga]]<ref name="Haga">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „ Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hage''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Haag'')</small> * [[Haga ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Haga Bremensis]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref>Latinum gentilicium "Bremensis-e" Theodiscum syntagma ''im Bremischen'' vertit.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen im Bremischen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagen'')</small> * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hagenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagenborg'')</small> * [[Halbemontium]]<ref name="-montium">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-mond'' aut ''-mont'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-montium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-mond, mont''' : -''montium, mons'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halbemond'')</small> * [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(in Montibus [[Visurgis]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halla (Comitatus Binethensis)|Halla]]<ref name="Halla prope Neuenhusam">Theodiscum toponymum ''Halle'' plerumque toponymo "Halla-ae" latinizatur. Qua de latinizatione, vide complures Hallae apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(prope [[Neuenhusa]]m<ref name="-husa"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Halvesbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassbossel'')</small> * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hamberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambargen'')</small> * [[Hambuhra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambühren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambüren'')</small> * [[Hamele]]<ref name="Hamele">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2261/NOB%20VIII_Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Peine.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VIII Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Peine'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1146 ''in Sutherem iuxta Hamele'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 239 S. 222) 1180 ''in Bikem iuxta Honhamelen'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 396 S. 385) 1193 ''in Honhamele'' (UB H.Hild. II Nachtrag Nr. 13 S. 580) 1198 ''apud Honhamelen'' (...) 1251 ''Sutherem apud Hoenhamale'' (UB H.Hild. II Nr. 861 S. 435) 1278-1280 ''iugera Hamelen'' (Lehnregister Meinersen II Nr. 20 S. 590) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohenhameln''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häogenhameln'')</small> * [[Hamelhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hämelhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hämelhusen'')</small> * [[Hamersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hamersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Homersen'')</small> * [[Hamma (Saxonia Inferior)|Hamma]]<ref name="-ah">Germanica aut Semitica aut Indoiranica toponyma cum terminatione ''-ah'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Exempli gratiā: [[Calvela]], [[Maliana]], Parra, [[Widenla]], [[Zellia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hammah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hammoh'')</small> * [[Handeloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handeloh'' seu olim ''Handorf bei Tostedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Handorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Hantharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Handrup'')</small> * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Harburgensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanstää'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanster'')</small> * [[Hardegsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hardegsen'')</small> * [[Harmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harmsdörp'')</small> * [[Harna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haren'')</small> * [[Harpstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harpstäe'')</small> * [[Harsfeldum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harsefeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harsfeld'' seu ''Hasfeld'')</small> * [[Harsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Harsum'')</small> * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hasbergen'')</small> * [[Hasburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haßbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haßbargen'')</small> * [[Hasela (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasela]]<ref name="Hasela">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hassel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Dort ist die ''villa Hasela'' erwähnt, also das Dorf Hassel (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hassel'')</small> * [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'')</small> * [[Hassendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hassendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassendörp'')</small> * [[Hasta (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haste'')</small> * [[Hatta]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hatten'')</small> * [[Hattorpium ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hattorf am Harz'')</small> * [[Hauslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Häuslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüßel'')</small> * [[Haverla]]<ref name="Haverla">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) um 941 (Fä. Mitte 12. Jh., kop. 17. Jh.) ''Haverlae'' (...) 1319 ''Haverla'' (UB H Hild. IV 464 S. 247) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haverlah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haberlah'')</small> * [[Hechthusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hechthausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heckthusen'')</small> * [[Hedebere]]<ref name="Hedebere">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''Antiquum Hedebere seu Minus, Novum Hedebere seu Maius'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hedeper''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heper'')</small> * [[Heeda (Terra Emesensis)|Heeda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häie'')</small> * [[Heemsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsen'')</small> * [[Heessa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßen'')</small> * [[Heidenavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heidenau'')</small> * [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'')</small> * [[Heinbockel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinbockel'')</small> * [[Heiningensis Locus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heiningen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heinig'')</small> * [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'')</small> * [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20241109195129/https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'')</small> * [[Hellwega]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hellwege''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hellweeg'')</small> * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Helpsen'')</small> * [[Helvesiecca]]<ref name="-siek">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)". Hoc in casu, applicatur terminatio latinizans formae antiquae suffixi ''-siek'' -quae ''-sieck'', ut accidit in toponymis velut ''Bannensieck'', cuius hodierna forma ''Bannensiek'' est. Qua de ultima antiqua forma, vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=2955251 ''Arcinsys''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Helvesiek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helsch'')</small> * [[Hemminga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hemminga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemmingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hemmje'')</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemmoor'')</small> * [[Hemsbunda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsbünde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsbünnen'')</small> * [[Hemslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemslingen'')</small> * [[Hemsloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsloh''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hemzel'' seu ''Hemsel'' seu ''Hemßel'')</small> * [[Hepstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hepstedt''; [Saxonice]] ''Hepst'' seu ''Heps'')</small> * [[Hepstidi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hipstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hipst'')</small> * [[Herrum]]<ref name="Herrum">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20241109195129/https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Majori villa Herre'' (...) ''Maiori Here'' (...) ''Minori Herro'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heere'')</small> * [[Hertzberga ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Herzberg am Harz'')</small> * [[Herzlaka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Herzlake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hässelke'')</small> * [[Hespa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hespe'')</small> * [[Heuerssa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heuerßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoarßen'')</small> * [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'')</small> * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilgermissen'')</small> * [[Hillersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hillerse'')</small> * [[Hilter ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hilter am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Himberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himbargen'')</small> * [[Hinuti]]<ref name="Hinuti">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3180/Hinte.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Dorf wurde im 10. Jahrhundert als „in Hinuti“ erstmals urkundlich erfasst (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hinte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hint'')</small> * [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci'')</small> * [[Hittberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hittbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hittbargen'')</small> * [[Hlunia (commune)|Hlunia]]<ref name="Hlunia">Nomen communis Theodisce ''Lenne'' dicti suo e homonymo fluvio, Latine "Hlunia" nuncupato, ortum est. Latinum igitur nomen huius communis Latino ex hydronymo etiam derivandum est. Quo de Latino hydronymo, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lenne'')</small> * [[Hlutherun]]<ref name="Hlutherun">Vide [https://koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardBodeinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20161221-965.htm?utm ''Koeble rGerhard Bodeinderdeutschen Ortsgeschichte''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Lüder''', 11. Jh., an einem Bache bei Bodenteich bei Uelzen, F1-1383 HLUTAR (lauter bzw. rein) Hlutherun, Hlutherun (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lüder'')</small> * [[Hodenhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hodenhagen'')</small> * [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'')</small> * [[Hohna]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hohne'')</small> * [[Hohnhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hionhoste'')</small> * [[Hohnstorpium (Albis)|Hohnstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haunstörp'')</small> * [[Holdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Holdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hollrup'')</small> * [[Holdunesteti]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullnst'')</small> * [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'')</small> * [[Holla]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holle'')</small> * [[Hollnsethum]]<ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hollnseth'')</small> * [[Holsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holste'')</small> * [[Holtgaste]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtgast'')</small> * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'')</small> * [[Holza]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'')</small> * [[Honengesbuthele]]<ref name="Honengesbuthele">Vide [https://blog.slub-dresden.de/fileadmin/groups/slubsite/Blog/2015-KristinCasimir-VortragDresden.pdf?utm ''Ortsnamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe - Onomastik im europäischen Raum''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Honengesbvthele'' statt ''Honekesbutle'' (Casemir, -büttel S. 147) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hankensbüttel'')</small> * [[Hoogsteda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hoogstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoogstee'')</small> * [[Horda ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-e"/><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hörden am Harz'')</small> * [[Horneburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hornborg'')</small> * [[Horstadium (Saxonia Inferior)|Horstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Horß'')</small> * [[Hoya]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hoya''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Hoya/Weser''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''de Haaien'' seu ''Hejen'' seu ''Hajen'' seu ''Heien'')</small> * [[Huda (Circulus terrae Diepholtia)|Huda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hüde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüde'')</small> * [[Hudha]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hude'')</small> * [[Hulseda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hülsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hülse'')</small> * [[Husum (prope Novam Urbem)|Husum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Husum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Husen'')</small> * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte'')</small> * [[Huvenni]]<ref name="Huvenni">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/suffixbildungen-in-alten-ortsnamen-akten-eines-internationalen-symposiums-in-uppsala-14-16-mai-2004-9185352578.html?utm ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala 14.-16. Mai 2004 9185352578''], ubi dicitur "(...) Hüven (Kr. Emsland), 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) in Huvenni (Möller 1998 S. 101, Udolph 2002a S. 238) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hüven'')</small> {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iatha (Saxonia Inferior)|Iatha]]<ref name="Iatha">Commune nomen e flumine cepit. Quo de flumine, vide [https://www.lateinlexikon.com/lexicon_latinum_hodiernum_parsgeographica.pdf?utm ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'' Petri Lucusaltiani]{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) '''Jade'', f ''Iatha, ae'', f [WPD: Jade (Fluss) (24.11.2019); a.1314: Jatha] (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jaad'')</small> * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ielmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jelmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jelmstörp'')</small> * [[Iembka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jembke'')</small> * [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'')</small> * [[Ierichsum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jerxheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jerksen'')</small> * [[Iesteburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jesteburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jesborg'')</small> * [[Ihlienverda]]<ref name="-verda-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-worth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-verda-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-worth''' : -''verda'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ihlienworth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmworth'')</small> * [[Indago Comitis Hoyae]]<ref name="Indago Comitis Hoyae">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hoyerhagen/?utm ''kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''indago comitis Hoye'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hoyerhagen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Heierhagen'' seu ''Heyerhagen'')</small> * [[Insula Iuistensis]]<ref name="Iuistensis">De Latino gentilicio, cf. [[binomen|epithetum binominale]] [https://turbellaria.umaine.edu/turbellaria/turb3.php?action=6&code=598&valid=618&utm "juistensis"].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Juist'')</small> * [[Insula Longa (Saxonia Inferior)|Insula Longa]]<ref name="Insula Longa">Vocabulum ''Langeoog'', a vocibus [[Lingua Frisica|Frisicis Orientalibus]] ''lange-'' ([[Theodisce]] ''lang'') et ''-oog'' (Theodisce ''Insel'') compositum, [[Latine]] "Insula Longa" reddi potest: Buurman, in ''Hochdeutsch-Plattdeutsches Wörterbuch, s. v. oog, ostfrisicum -oog «Insel» significare tradit atque exempla Langeoog, Spiekeroog, Wangeroog affert; item Glossarium der Flurnamensammlung Ostfriesland'', s. v. ''Oog'', vocabulum Frisicum Orientale ''ôg, oge'' Theodisco ''Insel'' interpretatur. [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/lang?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum autem adiectivum ''lang'' Latine "longus, -a, -um"] redditur; [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/insula?wb=gross&nr=2 nomen vero Theodiscum ''Insel'' Latine "insula, -ae" f.] dicitur. Quam ob rem compositum "Insula Longa" sensum toponymi fideliter reddit.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langeoog''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Langeooch''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langoog'')</small> * [[Isernhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Isernhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isernhogen'')</small> * [[Isterberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isterberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isterbarg'')</small> * [[Itterbecca]]<ref name="-ecca">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Itterbeck'')</small> * [[Iuniun]]<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 960 Iuniun (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) Johan de June (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jühnde'')</small> {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp'')</small> * [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'')</small> * [[Katlenburgum-Lindavia]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Katlenburg-Lindau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Katelnborg-Lindau'')</small> * [[Kettencampus]]<ref name="campus-i"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kettenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ketenkamp '')</small> * [[Kirchdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Kirchdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kirchdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karkdörp'')</small> * [[Kirchgellersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchgellersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karkgellsen'')</small> * [[Kirchseelta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchseelte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Seelte'')</small> * [[Kirchtimka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchtimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karktimk'')</small> * [[Kirchwalseda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchwalsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karkwals'')</small> * [[Kissenbruga]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kissenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kissenbrügge'')</small> * [[Kneitlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kneitlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kneitling'')</small> * [[Kneta Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großenkneten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grotekneten'')</small> * [[Krebecca]]<ref name="-ecca"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Krebeck'')</small> * [[Krummendicum]]<ref name="-dicum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-di(e)k(e)'' aut ''-deich(e)'' aut ''-dijk'' aut ''-dyk(e)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dicum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Isendicum]] apud {{Graesse}}; aut [[Mardicum]] apud ''Dictionnaire universel françois et latin, vulgairement appelé Dictionnaire de Trévoux''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Krummendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Krummendiek'')</small> * [[Kusta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Küsten'')</small> * [[Kutenholtia]]<ref name="-holtia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-holz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-holtia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) -holz : -''holtia'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kutenholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kutenhult'' seu ''Kutenholt'')</small> {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laatza]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Laatzen'')</small> * [[Lachendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lachendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lachendörp'')</small> * [[Lacstidi]]<ref name="Lacstidi">Vide [https://www.mundart-kommission.lwl.org/media/filer_public/ef/48/ef48ff64-c0e3-4be5-906f-7d8f27fdba18/ndw_39__scheuermann_der_often.pdf?utm ''Mundart Kommission''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in locis quorum hec sunt nomina, Lacstidi, Romlo, Dudanebutli'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Loxstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lox'')</small> * [[Ladorpe]]<ref name="Abels 1929">Abels, H. (1929). ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes, in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. [[Paderbronna]]e: Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lorup''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loorp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loorpe'')</small> * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Laga (Saxonia Inferior)|Laga]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loage'')</small> * [[Lahda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lähden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Löhn'')</small> * [[Lahna (Saxonia Inferior)|Lahna]]<ref name="Lahna">Theodiscum toponymum ''Lahn'' forma "Lahna" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Limburgum ad Lahnam]] et [[Laugana|Lahnam]] apud [http://www.archive.org/stream/a568395900unknuoft/a568395900unknuoft_djvu.txt ''Further correspondence respecting the relations existing between foreign governments and the court of Rome: in continuation of papers presented to the Parliament,'' March 27, 1851].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lahn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lohn'')</small> * [[Lamespringa]]<ref name="Lamespringa">Vide [https://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/20vs/201_MGH/1925-1933%2C_MGH%2C_5_Antiquitates._01_Poetae_04_1._Poetae_Latini_Aevi_Carolini%2C_LT.pdf?utm ''Poetae Latini Aevi Carolini''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Agius autem Lamespringae monachus fuisse videatur'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lamspringe'')</small> * [[Lamestede]]<ref name="Lamestede">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/lamstedt/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''parochia Lamestede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lamstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loomst'')</small> * [[Landesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Landesbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landsebargen'')</small> * [[Landolfshusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landolfshausen'')</small> * [[Langa (Circulus Terrae Emesensis)|Langa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Langen'')</small> * [[Langa Inferior]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Nieder">Theodiscum praefixum ''Nieder-'' Latino adiectivo "inferior-ius" vertitur. V.gr., cf. [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniam Inferiorem]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Niederlangen''; [[[Saxonice]] ''Nederlangen'')</small> * [[Langelege]]<ref name="Langelege">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/langlingen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''ecclesia Langelege'' (Kirche Langlingen), (...) Bauern in Langlingen (''cives in Langelege'') (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langeln'')</small> * [[Langelshemium]]<ref name="Chemnitz 1717">Chemnitz, B. P., (1717). ''Belli Sueco-Germanici Volumen Primum: In quo ostenditur, quibus de caussis Gustavus Adolphus, Suecorum Rex, in Germaniam transiverit''. Sumptibus Ioh. Caspari Meyeri.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langelsheim'')</small> * [[Langwedel (Saxonia Inferior)|Langwedel]]<ref name="Langwedel">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardLaurinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20161207-1612.htm?utm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Langwedel''', 13. Jh., bei Verden, Donb351, (Flecken in dem Landkreis Verden,) rund15000 Einwohner, (apud bzw. ad castrum) Langwedel (1220) (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Langwedel'')</small> * [[Lare]]<ref name="Lare">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/3014/NOB%20XV%20Grafschaft%20Bentheim.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB XV Grafschaft Bentheim'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) '''LAAR''' (Gem. Laar, Samtgem. Emlichheim) 1232 (A. 14. Jh.) ''totum Lare cum ecclesia'' (Gesta Episc. Traiect. S. 424 Z. 51) 1312 (Transs. 1332; A.) ''sex domos [...] de Lare'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Laar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loar'')</small> * [[Lasdorpe]]<ref name="Lasdorpe">Vide [https://www.lastrup.de/portal/seiten/geschichte-900000009-31120.html?utm ''Lastrup''], ubi dicitur "(...) „Curia Lasdorpe“ (Haupthof Lastrup) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lastrup''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Laastrup'')</small> * [[Lauenbruga]]<ref name="-bruga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-brück(e)'' aut ''-brügge'' aut ''-brugg(e)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bruga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Steinbruga]], [[Kissenbruga]], [[Bruga]], [[Bruga ad Ederum]], [[Osnabruga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lauenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lauenbrüch'')</small> * [[Lauenforda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lauenförde'')</small> * [[Lauenhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lauenhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loamharen'')</small> * [[Leezdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Leezdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Leezdörp'')</small> * [[Leha (Terrae Emesensis)|Leha]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lehe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Läie'')</small> * [[Lehrta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lehrte'')</small> * [[Leiferda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leiferde'')</small> * [[Lembruchium]]<ref name="-bruchium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-bruch'' seu ''-broich'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bruchium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Horbruchium]] ac [[Mosbruchium]] apud articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de [[Index urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus|indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]]; [[Legebruchium]] apud articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de [[Index communium Brandenburgi|indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Grevenbruchium]] apud articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de [[Index communium Rhenaniae Septentrionalis et Vestfaliae|indice communium Rhenaniae Septentrionalis et Vestfaliae]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lembruch''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lembrouk'')</small> * [[Lemgovia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref><ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lemgow'')</small> * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref><ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengethe]]<ref name="NOB VIII">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2261/NOB%20VIII_Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Peine.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VIII_Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Peine'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''in Lengethe'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 275 S. 259) 1213 ''in Lengede'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 660 S. 631) um 1232 ''in Lengethe archidiaconus'' (UB Goslar I Nr. 518 S. 499) 1235 ''in Lengete'' (Orig. Guelf. IV Nr. 50 S. 144) 1256 ''in archidiaconatibus de Barem et Lengede'' (UB H.Hild. II Nr. 992 S. 497) 1311 Lenghedhe apud Vusenam (UB H.Hild. IV Nr. 85 S. 45) 1316 ''in Lengede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lengede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lenge'')</small> * [[Lengenbostel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lengenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lengenbossel'')</small> * [[Lengirichi]]<ref name="Lengirichi">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/AltdeutschesNamenbuch-Bd2OrtsnamenLbisZ-3A-1913.pdf?utm ''AltdeutschesNamenbuch''], ubi dicitur "(...) 2) Lengerich an der Wallage, Kr. Lingen (...) Lengirichi Osnabr. Ukb. ca. a. 1000. (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lengerich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lengerke'')</small> * [[Leonis Forda]]<ref name="Leonis Forda">Vide [https://www.komoot.com/es-es/highlight/2261371 ''Iglesia Martín Lutero de Lemförde''], ubi dicitur "(...) La comunidad fue mencionada por primera vez en un documento en 1248. En épocas anteriores, el lugar se llamaba Löwenförde, Leonis forda (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemförde''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Lemfouer'')</small> * [[Leonovia]]<ref name="Leonovia">Vide [https://sempub.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeum_vitae/de/wisski/navigate/93514/view?utm ''Propylaeum Vitae''], ubi dicitur "(...) Leonovia-Brunsvigius (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lauenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Laena'')</small> * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Lerin]]<ref name="NOB VII">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VII Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''in loco Lerin provincie Saxo[n]um iuxta flumen Ouácra'' (...) ''Lerim'' (...)''in Lere'' (mGH Urk. Hdl nr. 50 s. 71) 1196-1197 ''Lere'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 311) 1234 ''in Lere'' (...) ''plebano in Lere'' (UB Braunschweig iii nr. 440 s. 325) 1344 ''in villa Leere'' (Flentje / Henrichvark, lehnbücher nr. 142 s. 69) 1380 ''Lere'' (UB Braunschweig Vii nr. 351 s. 324) 1419 ''actum in Lere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lehre'')</small> * [[Lethi]]<ref name="Lethi">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/lathen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der Ort im Emsland erstmals als ''Lethi'' im Urbar der Abtei Werden erwähnt; der Eintrag lässt sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lathen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Laothen'')</small> * [[Liebenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Liebenburg''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Liebenborg'')</small> * [[Liliarum Vallis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lilienthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Leendaal'' seu ''Lelendaal'')</small> * [[Lindduri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lindern'')</small> * [[Lindhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lindhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lindhoste'')</small> * [[Lindwedel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lindwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Linneweh'')</small> * [[Linga (Amisia)|Linga]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lingen'')</small> * [[Linsburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Linsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Linsborg'')</small> * [[Lintlo]]<ref name="Lintlo">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/kirchlinteln/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist das Dorf erstmals 1123 als ''Lintlo'' belegt (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchlinteln''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karklinteln'' seu ''Kerklinteln'' seu ''Kerklinneln'')</small> * [[Liubeme]]<ref name="Lübbow">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/luebbow/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Schriftlich ist das zweizeilige Reihendorf erstmals in einer kaiserlichen Urkunde aus dem Jahr 956 erwähnt: Ks. Otto I. († 973) schenkte dem Kloster Quedlinburg sechs Dörfer, darunter ''Liubeme'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lübbow'')</small> * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lon]]<ref name="Lon">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''Das Güterverzeichniss Graf Heinrichs von Dale (1188)'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''parrochia Lon prope Vechtam'' (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lohne''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lohn'')</small> * [[Longa Indago]]<ref name="Longa Indago">Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_bij005190401_01/_bij005190401_01_0009.php?utm ''www.dbnl.org''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''parrochianus de Longa Indagine'' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langenhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langenhogen'')</small> * [[Longa Villa (Saxonia Inferior)|Longa Villa]]<ref name="Longa Villa">Theodiscum toponymum ''Langendorf'' Latino toponymo "Longa Villa" verti solet. Qua de correspondentia, vide [https://dbc.wroc.pl/Content/15237/PDF/17250.pdf?utm ''Das Waldhufendorf in Schlesien'', Gualterii Bernardi], ubi dicitur "(...) Langedorf ca. 1305 L.F.B.208 Longa villa (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langendörp'')</small> * [[Loninga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Löningen'')</small> * [[Lubberstedi]]<ref name="Lubberstedi">Vide [https://lübberstedt.de/ueber-unser-dorf/?utm ''Lübberstedt''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der ursprüngliche Name „lubberstedi“ ist zusammengesetzt aus „stedi“ (Ort, Platz, Stelle), womit eine Ansiedlung bezeichnet wird, und „lubber“, dem Namen des (ursprünglichen) Familienoberhauptes des Einzelhofes bzw. der kleinen Gemeinschaftssiedlung, bedeutet also: „Lubbers-Stätte“. (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lübberstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lübbs'')</small> * [[Luccavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Luccavia]]<ref name="Luccavia">Theodiscum toponymum ''Luckau'' forma "Luccavia" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Luccavia]]m apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Luckau'')</small> * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Ludersburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lüdersburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lüsborg'')</small> * [[Ludersfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lüdersfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lüschenfeile'')</small> * [[Luerdissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lüerdissen'')</small> * [[Luhda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Luhden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Liuen'')</small> * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lunne]]<ref name="Lunne">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/haseluenne/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''civibus opidi nostri in Lunne'' (...)". Latinum autem gentilicium "Haselunnensis-e" est. Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haselünne''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lunni (commune generali Spella)|Lunni]]<ref name="Lunni">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/AltdeutschesNamenbuch-Bd2OrtsnamenLbisZ-3A-1913.pdf?utm ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch'']; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Lunni.''' 9. 1) Altlünne bei Plantlünne (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lutetsburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lütetsburg''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Lütsbörg'')</small> * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> * [[Lyese]]<ref name="Lyese">Vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783835341944_A39332036/preview-9783835341944_A39332036.pdf?utm ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum''], ubi dicitur "(...) in marchia Lyese proprietatis iure (...) in campis de Lyese trans Werram (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leese'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Maasen'')</small> * [[Magna Palus]]<ref name="Magna Palus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Große-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um"] et [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/germanistischewoerterbuecher/altsaechsischeswoerterbuch/asF.pdf Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großefehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootfehn'')</small> * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''] {{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Markloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Marklohe'')</small> * [[Marlare (Saxonia Inferior)|Marlare]]<ref name="Marlare">Theodiscum toponymum ''Marl'' forma "Marlare" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Marlare|Marlare Rhenaniae Septentrionalis et Vestfaliae]] apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Marl'')</small> * [[Marsunnon]]<ref name="Marsunnon">Vide [https://historischer-rueckklick-bielefeld.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/07svhvr-texte_ocr.pdf?utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Osnabrücker Raumes''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Merzen (Marsunnon)'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Merzen'')</small> * [[Marxa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Marxen'')</small> * [[Masingi]]<ref name="Messingen">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2258/WOB%2011%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Kreises%20Paderborn.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''WOB 11 Die Ortsnamen des Kreises Paderborn''] {{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''silva Masingorum'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Messingen'')</small> * [[Mechtersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Mechtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mechtsen'')</small> * [[Meckelsa Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Meckels'')</small> * [[Meckelsa Minor]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Klein Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lütt Meckels'')</small> * [[Media Lu]]<ref name="Media Lu">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/mittelnkirchen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi "(...) Mittelnkirchen ist nach 1305 und 1322 als ''medie Lu'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Mittelnkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mittelskark'')</small> * [[Meinersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Meinersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Maanze'')</small> * [[Melbike]]<ref name="Melbeck">Vide [https://www.samtgemeinde-ilmenau.de/PortalData/10/Resources/historie/dokumente/Orts-_und_Gewaessernamen_im_Landkreis_Lueneburg.pdf?utm ''Orts- und Gewässernamen im Landkreis Lueneburg'']. ubi "(...) Melbeck 1296 in Melbeke. 1300 in villa Melbike. 1303 in villa Melbeke (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Melbeck'')</small> * [[Mella]]<ref name="Mella">Vide [https://www.lemgo.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente/Stadtarchiv/Bib_974.pdf?utm ''Album studiosorum Academiae'']. ubi "(...) Henrich Carl Kahmann Mella-Osnabrugensis (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Melle'')</small> * [[Mellinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Mellinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mellgenhusen'')</small> * [[Menslaga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Menslage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Menslaoge'')</small> * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merdvelde]]<ref name="Merdvelde">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/martfeld/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''Curtem in Merdvelde'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Martfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mattfeld'')</small> * [[Meribiki]]<ref name="Meribiki">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/wikiling/index.php?f=lemmaFull&langType=reviews&lemmaID=3296&utm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Meerbeck''' (...) Meribiki MGd. 3 (1013) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Meerbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mierbke'')</small> * [[Messencampus]]<ref name="campus-i"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Messenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Messenkampe'')</small> * [[Meynum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meine'')</small> * [[Mittelstenaha]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Mittelstenahe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mittelsnohn'')</small> * [[Moisburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Moisburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mesborg'')</small> * [[Molberga]]<ref name="Molberga">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camena/loescher2/loescherthreni.html ''THRENI, SEU LAMENTATIOnes Ieremiae Prophetae...''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''Molberga vocatur'' (...) ''Sensit et externas Molberga innoxia vires'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Molbergen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Molbiergen'')</small> * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Monstere]]<ref name="Monstere">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/munster-st-urbani/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''decima in Monstere'' (...)"</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Munster''; [[Saxonice]] ''Munste'')</small> * [[Moormerlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Moormerland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Moormerlound'')</small> * [[Moranga Curtis]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Moringen'')</small> * [[Mundia Hannoverana]]<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana">Vide [https://spatial.demo.geocode.earth/explore/place/wof/101810167?utm ''Geocode Earth''], ubi dicitur "(...) LAT preferred '''Mundia Hannoverana''' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hann. Münden'' seu ''Hannoversch Münden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannöversch Münnen'')</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Mutha]]<ref name="Mutha">Vide [https://niedersaechsischer-heimatbund.de/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/1022-Die-echte-und-die-gef%C3%A4lschten-Urkunden-f%C3%BCr-das-Kloster-St.-MIchaelis-in-Hildesheim_compressed.pdf?utm ''Niedersächsischer Heimatbund''], ubi dicitur "(...) III. ''Mutha'' Güter (Urk. II S. 307); ''Mutha'' Güter (Urk. III S. 66) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Müden'')</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nahrendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Norndörp'')</small> * [[Nenndorfium (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorfium]]<ref name="-dorf"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nenndorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nenndörp'')</small> * [[Netesse]]<ref name="Netesse">Vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/WG33LCQUIIHK3OA7DR6IKIOFHW6FXKYJ?utm ''12 Lüneburger Ratsmannen bekunden, dass der Magister Bernard de Netesse (Neetze) ½ Rump Salz...''], ubi dicitur "(...) Magister Bernard de Netesse (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neetze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neetz'' seu ''Näätz'')</small> * [[Neuenhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenhaus''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenhuus'')</small> * [[Neyenkerken]]<ref name="Neyenkerken">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/neuenkirchen-lueneburger-heide/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''bona, que Vriban vulgariter nuncupantur, in Neyenkerken et Hellewede'' (...)".</ref> <small>(in [[Ericetum Luneburgense|Ericeto Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Ericetum"/><ref name="Lüneburger">Theodiscum gentilicium ''Lüneburger'' Latino "Luneburgensis-e" vertitur, quod ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Lüneburger Heide">Theodisce ''Lüneburger Heide''.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenkerken'')</small> * [[Niedernwohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Niedernwöhren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Niernweuern'')</small> * [[Nienstide]]<ref name="Nienstide">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-07-2017/AAAKoeblerGerhardSamtgemeindeinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20170710%20-%20111.htm?utm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) (Samtgemeinde in dem Landkreis Schaumburg,) rund 11000 Einwohner, Nienstide (1153-1170) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nienstädt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nienstie'')</small> * [[Nighunburni]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Negenborn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Niägenborn'')</small> * [[Norda]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Norden''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Saxonice|Eofrisicosaxonice]] ''Nörden'')</small> * [[Nordcele]]<ref name="Nordcele">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/wikiling/index.php?f=lemmaFull&langType=reviews&lemmaID=2774&utm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Nordsehl''', 13. Jh., Gemeinde in Schaumburg, s. GOV Schaumburg 384, (in) Nordcele Cal (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nordsehl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nordsiele'')</small> * [[Nordenhamia]]<ref name="-ham">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-ham'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-hamia-ae" aut "hamium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ham''' : -''hamia,'' -''hamium'' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nordenham'')</small> * [[Norderneia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Norderney''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Nördernee'')</small> * [[Norhtunon-Hardenberga]]<ref name="Nörten">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/noerten/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi dicitur "(...) ''Norhtunon'' (...)".</ref><ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nörten-Hardenberg''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Nörten-Harenbarg'')</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortleda]]<ref name="Nortleda">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nordleda/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''] , ubi dicitur "(...) urkundlich erstmals 1312 als ''Nortleda'' belegt (...) ''Marquardus de Nortleda'' (...) ''Thidericus rector ecclesie in Nortleda'' (...) ''rector parochialis ecclesia in Nortleda'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nordleda''; [[Saxonice]] ''De Lee'' seu ''Lee'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Nortrup]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Notendorpe]]<ref name="Notendorpe">Vide [https://mgh.de/storage/app/media/v-ed/Urkunden_Heinrich_VI_deut_franzoes_italien_Empfaenger_DD_Vorabedition_Pferschy-Maleczek_2020-02-16.pdf?utm ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs VI: Vorabedition''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''confirmamus ducentos mansos in Notendorpe'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Natendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Natendörp'')</small> * [[Nottensdorf]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Nova Civitas (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Civitas]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neustadt am Rübenberge'' seu ''Neustadt a. Rbge.''; [[Saxonice]] ''Niestadt'')</small> * [[Nova Darchavia]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neu Darchau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nee Darchau'')</small> * [[Nova Domus (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Domus]]<ref name="Nova Domus">Theodiscum toponymum ''Neuhaus'' Latino "Nova Domum" verti solet. Cf. Novas Domus apud {{Graesse}} aut [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuhaus''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neehuus'')</small> * [[Nova Ecclesia (prope Birsinam)|Nova Ecclesia]]<ref name="Nova Ecclesia">Theodiscum toponymum ''Neuenkirchen'' Latino "Nova Ecclesia" verti solet. Cf. [[Nova Ecclesia (Liebenburgum)|Novam Ecclesiam Liebenburgensem]] apud [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2262/NOB%20X%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Goslar.pdf?utm ''NOB X Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Goslar''] {{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}; [[Nova Ecclesia (Rugia)|Novam Ecclesiam in Rugia]] apud Fabricii (anno 1862) ''Urkunden zur Geschichte des Fürstenthums Rügen unter den eingebornen Fürsten''; [[Nova Ecclesia (prope Anclamum)|Novam Ecclesiam]] prope [[Anclamum]] apud Eggert (anno 1970) ''Geschichte Pommerns: Vol. 1. Bis zum Westfälischen Frieden''; [[Nova Ecclesia (prope Brandenburgum Novum)|Novam Ecclesiam]] prope Brandenburgum Novum apud ''Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. 9); et Novam Ecclesiam Pomeranam apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(prope [[Birsina]]m<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenkarken'')</small> * [[Nova Ecclesia-Vorda]]<ref name="Nova Ecclesia"/><ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen-Vörden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nienkerken-Vörden'')</small> * [[Nova Exclusa Harlingana]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="exclusa>Vocabulum et suffixum [[lingua Saxonica|Saxonicum]] ''(-)Siel'' Theodisco vocabulum ''Schleuse'' respondet, ut iam Adelungus in ''Grammatisch-kritischem Wörterbuch der Hochdeutschen Mundart'' s. v. ''Schleuse'' testatur: "Im Niederdeutschen wird eine Schleuse ... ein Siel ... [vocatur]"; ipsum autem Theodiscum ''Schleuse'' Latine "exclusa, -ae" f. redditur, nam Adelungus ibidem ''Schleuse'' inter mediae Latinitatis vocabula "exclusa", "inclusura", "conclusio", "sclusa", "clusa" refert, et ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'' quoque ''Schleuse'' = "exclusa, -ae" f. tradit.</ref><ref name="Harlinganus-a-um">Theodiscum gentilicium interfixum ''-harlinger-'' Latino "harlinganus-a-um" vertitur. Quo de Latino gentilicio, vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3275/Altharlingersiel.pdf?utm Heinze, A. (2015). ''Altharlingersiel''. Ostfriesische Landschaft, Bibliothek/Ortsdatenbank], ubi dicitur "(...) claustrum Harlinganum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neuharlingersiel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeharlingersiel'')</small> * [[Nova Indago (Circulus terrae Cellensis)|Nova Indago]]<ref name="Nienhagen">Theodiscum toponymum ''Nienhagen'' seu ''Nova Indago" latinizari solet. Cf. [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_WfU-AAAAcAAJ/bub_gb_WfU-AAAAcAAJ_djvu.txt ''"Meklenburgisches Urkundenbuch / 4 1297-1300 ; Nachträge und Register zu Band I - IV''], ubi dicitur "(...) Nienhagen, A. Doberan, Kspl. Lichtenhagen, 13 NO Rostock, Nigenhaghen, Noua Indago, Nygenhaghen (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nienhagen'')</small> * [[Nova Leha]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Neulehe'')</small> * [[Nova Lu]]<ref name="Nova Lu">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/neuenkirchen-altes-land/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) urkundlich erstmals 1274 als ''Nova Lu'' belegt (...) Landesgemeinde Altes Land (1361 eigenes Siegel, Umschrift: ''Sigillum communitates veteris terrae'') (...)".</ref> <small>(in [[Vetus Terra|Vetere Terra]]<ref name="Nova Lu"/><ref name="Vetus Terra">Theodisce ''Altes Land''.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neekark'')</small> * [[Nova Palus Campensis]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="campensis">Theodiscum interfixum ''-kamper-'' Latino gentilicio "campensis-e" vertitur, quod ad vocabulum "campus-i" (Theodisce ''Kamp'') refertur. Revera, [https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum lexemate ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref><ref name="-fehn">Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neukamperfehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeikamperfehn'')</small> * [[Nova Scona Mora]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="Scona Mora">Vide [https://www.holtgast-urlaub.de/cgi-bin/hvv/index.pl?gid=&id=&mid=40&utm ''Die Benediktinerzeit''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Visiator fand um 1290 im Kloster "Scona Mora" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neuschoo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeschoo'')</small> * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> * [[Novum Burgium]]<ref name="Neu">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Neu?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum adiectivum aut praefixum ''Neu(-)'' Latino adiectivo "novus-a-um"] vertitur.</ref><ref name="Remling VII 2026"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neubörger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Naiboorger'')</small> * [[Novum Wulmstorpium]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neu Wulmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vosshusen'')</small> * [[Nyenkerken (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Nyenkerken]]<ref name="NyenkerkenII">Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_bij005190401_01/_bij005190401_01_0009.php?utm ''dbnl''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Item curtis in Nyenkerken'' (...)".</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref name="Landkreis Osnabrück"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nienkerken'')</small> * [[Nyenkerken (Haduloha)|Nyenkerken]]<ref name="Nyenkerken">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/neuenkirchen-land-hadeln/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''rector parrochialis ecclesie in Nyenkerken'' (...)".</ref> <small>(in [[Haduloha (commune generale)|Haduloha]]<ref name="Haduloha">Vide [https://www.lwl.org/westfaelische-geschichte/txt/wz-9396.pdf?utm ''Westfälische Geschichte''], ubi dicitur "(...) "Haduloha ... - hoc enim loco nomen, ubi oceanus Saxoniam alluit (...)".</ref><ref name="Haduloha">[[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Land Hadeln''.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenkarken'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oesinga Maior]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Oesingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Oesingen'')</small> * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Palus Hagensis]]<ref name="Palus Hagensis">[https://www.latin-is-simple.com/de/vocabulary/noun/13172/ Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-marsch'' Latino vocabulo "palus paludis" vertitur] et Latinum gentilicium "Hagensis-e", quod ad [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hagam]] refertur, Theodiscum gentilicium praefixum ''Hager-'' vertitur. Quo de gentilicio et toponymo, vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hagermarsch'')</small> * [[Palus Hilcae]]<ref name="Hilkenbrook">Theodiscum toponymum ''Hilkenbrook'', quamquam hodiernum est, syntagmate ''Palus Hilcae'' Latine verti potest. Nomen Germanicum ''Hilcke'', variatio nominis Theodisci ''Hilken-'', apud Stark ad formam Latinam "Hilca-ae" refertur, quae saeculo XII testata est (''Monumenta Garsensia'', n. 37; ''Monumenta Boica'' I, 27): Stark, F. (1866), ''Die Kosenamen der Germanen'', p. 318. Brook, i. e. bruoh «Sumpf, sumpfiges Gelände», Latine "palus, paludis" reddi potest. Itaque, anthroponomycum praefixum ''Hilken-'' ad nomen ''Hilca'' relatum et suffixum ''brook'' per vocabulum "palus, paludis" redditum, ''Hilkenbrook'' interpretari licet "Palus Hilcae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilkenbrook'')</small> * [[Palus Regis]]<ref name="Palus Regis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Moor?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum suffixum ''-moor'' Latino vocabulo "palus-udis" vertitur] et [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/rex?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum genetivo casu ''Königs-'' Latino genetivo "regis"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königsmoor'')</small> * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Pennigsähle'')</small> * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rastörpe'')</small> * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rehborg-Locken'')</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rowohle'')</small> * [[Rohrsen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rohßen'')</small> * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ronnenbarg'')</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sanctae Mariae Vallis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Mariental'')</small> * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schola Dei]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ihlow''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ihl'')</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Swering'')</small> * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Seinje'')</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spella]]<ref name="Spella">Vide [https://www.emsland.com/la/tour/emsland-route-395-km?utm ''www.esland.com''], ubi dicitur "(...) A Spella ad Rhenum: circiter XVI km (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Spelle'')</small> * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Steembke'')</small> * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemne]]<ref name="Stemne">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nordstemmen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''novem iugera sitam Stemne'' (...) ''novem iugeribus in Nortstempne'' (...) ''capellam in northstemne'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nordstemmen'')</small> * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Staarbarg'')</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stöckse'')</small> * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stoltnaa'')</small> * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Eofrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twilpstede Maius]]<ref name="Twilpstede Maius">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori'' (...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori et Minori'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Twülpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Twülpstidde'')</small> * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Uchte'')</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Vallis Mimedensis]]<ref name="Vallis"/><ref name="Mimedensis">Theodiscum hydronymicum praefixum ''Nieme-'' Latino gentilicio "Mimedensis-e" vertitur, quod ad flumen Mimede seu Mymede (Theodisce ''Nieme'') refertur. Quo de Latino hydronymo, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''] {{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''riuum, qui teutonice Mimede vocatur'' (...) ''riuum, qui toutonice Mymede vocatur'' (...) ''flumine Mimede'' (...) ''riuum, qui Mymede vocatur'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Niemetal'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Via Paludis]]<ref name="Via Paludis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Moor?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum nominale praefixum ''Moor-'' Latino substantivo casu genetivo "paludis" (f.)] et [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Weg?wb=gross&nr=2 Theodiscum nominale suffixum ''-weg'' Latino nomine "via-ae" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Moorweg'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vicus Vetus Hassicus]]<ref name="Vicus Vetus Hassicus">Vide [https://www.fallingrain.com/world/GM/06/Hessisch_Oldendorf.html?utm ''www.fallingrain''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Other (Latin) names: Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Hessisch-Oldendorf,Hessisch-Oldendorf''' (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hessisch Oldendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eolendörpe'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Warmsen'')</small> * [[Warpe]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Warpe'')</small> * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wenngessen'')</small> * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wietzen'')</small> * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worde]]<ref name="Worde">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/grossenwoerden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Hinricus rector ecclesie in Worde'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Großenwörden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootweurn'')</small> * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wunsdörp'')</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Y === {{div col|3}} * [[Ylsede]]<ref name="Ylsede">Vide [https://kleinilsede.hier-im-netz.de/historis.htm ''Historisches über Klein Ilsede''], ubi dicitur "(...) minori ylsede (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ilsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ilse'')</small> * [[Yppenerdhe]]<ref name="Yppenerdhe">Vide [https://www.gross-ippener.de/gemeinde/geschichte.html?utm ''Groß Ippene''], ubi dicitur "(...) Parrochia Yppenerdhe (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Ippener''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Ippner'')</small> * [[Ysinibutle]]<ref name="Ysinibutle">Vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=5905372&utm ''Arcinsys''], ubi dicitur "(...) Isenbüttel, Kr. Gifhorn (Ysinibutle, Ysenebutle) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Isenbüttel'')</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] 4a823rkwfculsvn58byd66m56pcklv0 3993300 3993169 2026-10-06T23:41:51Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993300 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communia et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfhusen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni (Circulus Neoburgensis Visurgensis)|Alisni]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Neoburgensis Visurgensis|Circulo Neoburgensi Visurgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Nienburg/Weser">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Neoburgensis Visurgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Nienburg/Weser'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus " Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latina gentilicia "Neoburgensis-e" et "Visurgensis-e" ad commune [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Novam Urbem]] et flumen [[Visurgis|Visurgem]] respective referuntur. Quibus de toponymis, vide {{Graesse}}</ref>)</small> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Liebenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Levenau'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Paludis Visurgensis|Circulo Paludis Visurgensis]]<ref name="Landkreis Wesermarsch">Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' -secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo- vertit. De Latina autem toponymia, vide Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter. Theodisce ''Landkreis Wesermarsch''.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drakenborg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auriacum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auriacum]]<ref name="Graesse"/><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref name="Landkreis Osnabrück">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bernsium Minus]]<ref name="Bernsium">Vide [https://emslaendische-landschaft.de/images/AFEL/Publikationen/Zeitschriften/Band_22/Heft_109_Mai_2011.pdf?utm ''Emsländische Landschaft''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Berßen, Groß oder Klein''' (...) Bernsium (...)".</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Klein Berßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lütke Bässen'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Bersinium]]<ref name="Kaemling 1987">Kaemling, ''Atlas zur Geschichte Niedersachsens'' (1987).</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Berßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groten Bässen'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Binn’n'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bracum]]<ref name="Kirchbrak">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum terminationibus ''-ac'' aut ''-ach'' aut ''-ack'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-acum-i" aut "-achium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ac, -ach, -ack''' : -''acum,'' -''achium'' (...)". Hoc casu, latinizantia suffixa formis antiquis huius toponymi "Brac" applicantur; quo de toponymo, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B77-F/NOB%20VI%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Holzminden.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''/NOB VI Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''Theodericus de Brach'' (...) ''Henricus de Brach'' (...) ''Henrico de Brack'' (...) villa Brac (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchbrak''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kerkbraak'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde''¨; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bräwer'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Calba (Saxonia Inferior)|Calba]]<ref name="Kalbe">Theodiscum toponymum ''Kalbe'' seu ''Calbe'' forma "Calba" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Calba ad Salam|Calbam ad Salam]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kalbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kalf'')</small> * [[Calefelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Calefeldensis">"C" pro "K" ponitur propter orthographiam gentilicii "Calefeldensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Abhandlungen_zur_geologischen_Specialkarte_von_Preussen_und_den_Th%C3%BCringischen_Staaten_%28IA_abhandlungenzurg8589preu%29.pdf?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=index&utm_content=original ''Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thüringischen Staaten''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Calefeldensis'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kalefeld'')</small> * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Clusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Clusa]]<ref name="Kluse">Theodiscum Saxonicumque toponymum ''Kluse'' derivatur a Medio-Latino vocabulo "clūsa", "angustum montium aditum, locum clausum" significante, quae ad Latinum verbum "claudere" refertur; cf. Kluge, ''Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache'', s.v. ''Klause'', ubi Mediaevali Theodisco vocabulo ''klûse'', Antiquo Theodisco vocabulo ''chlûsa'' ex [[Latinitas medii aevi|Mediaevali Latino vocabulo]] "clausa, clusa" deducitur, et Lühr, ''Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen'', V, s.v. ''klûsa'', ubi Antiquum Theodiscum vocabulum ''klûsa'', ''Einfriedung, Engpass'' significans, ex [[Latinitas medii aevi|Mediaevali Latino vocabulo]] "clūsa" explicatur. Inde Theodiscum Saxonicumque toponymum ''Kluse'' ortum est.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Kluse'')</small> * [[Coeli Porta]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himmelpforten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himmelpoorten'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cornu Curvatum]]<ref name="Cornu Curvatum">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/curvatus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum adiectivale praefixum ''Krumm-'' Latino adiectivo "curvatus-a-um"] et [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/cornu?wb=gross&nr=2 Theodiscum nominale suffixum ''-hörn'' Latino nomine "cornu-us" (n.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Krummhörn'')</small> * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Cranenburgum (Saxonia Inferior)|Cranenburgum]]<ref name="Cranenburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Kranenburg'' "Cranenburgum" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Cranenburgum (Rhenania Septentrionalis et Vestfalia)|Cranenburgum Rhenanum]] apud ''Atlas Sive Cosmographicae Meditationes de Fabrica Mundi et Fabricati Figura'', Mercatoris.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kranenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kronenborg'')</small> * [[Curia Maiorica]]<ref name="Curia Maiorica">Manfred Niemeyer (Hrsg.): ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter, Berolini 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7, S. 298.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jork''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jörk'')</small> * [[Curia Sanctae Mariae]]<ref name="Marienhafe">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3134/Marienhafe.pdf ''Marienhafe''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich wird Marienhafe erstmals am 16. Februar 1250 als „curia sancte Marie“, d.h. „Hof der heiligen Maria“ erwähnt. 1362 ist von „curia Virginis gloriose“ (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Marienhafe'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derenthalia]]<ref name="-thalia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-thal'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-thal''' : -''thalia'', -''dalia'' (...)". Animadvertendum est suffixum ''-thal'' veterem orthographiam hodierni suffixi ''-tal'' esse; ergo Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-tal'' quoque latinizari potest addita terminatione latinizata "-thalia-ae" seu "-dalia-ae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Diddersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Deepnau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklaga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dithgherscope-Twielenflethum]]<ref name="Hollern">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hollern-twielenfleth/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi dicitur "(...) ''Luderus in Dithgherscope'' (...)".</ref><ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollern-Twielenfleth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullern-Twielenfleth'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Draga (Albis)|Draga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentweda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf'' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Egestorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eggermöhlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Hildesiensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-e"/> </small>(in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]]<ref name="Circulus Hildesiensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Hildesiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Hildesheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Hildesiensis-e" ad [[Hildesia]]m refertur. Hac de urbe, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eima (Circulus Holtisminnensis)|Eima]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Holtisminnensis|Circulo Holtisminnensi]]<ref name="Circulus Holtisminnensis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Holtisminnensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Holzminden'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Holtisminni]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Holtisminnensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eimka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elba (Saxonia Inferior)|Elba]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Ericetum Magnum]]<ref name="Ericetum">[https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=MeckWB&lemid=H01756 Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum et vocabulum ''(-)Heide'' Latino nomine "Ericetum-i" vertitur.]</ref><ref name="Magnus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Groß-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um" vertitur.]</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootheid'')</small> * [[Escheda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'' seu ''Esdrup'')</small> * [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eestrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Frideburgum]]<ref name="Frideburgum">Vide [https://www.heimatbund-finnentrop.de/index_htm_files/Staats-%20u.%20Reisegeogr.%205.pdf?utm ''Beschreibung derer merkwürdigsten Oerter''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Frideburg, Friedeburg, lat. Frideburgum'''. Liegt im Fürstenthum Ostfriesland, an den Grenzen der Grafschaft Oldenburg (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Friedeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freborg'' seu ''Freebörg'')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedlandia]]<ref name="Friedland">Theodiscum toponymum ''Friedland' in Latinam "Friedlandia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friedland'')</small> * [[Frisoyta]]<ref name="Frisoyta">Vide [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363707446_Der_Status_animarum_im_Hochstift_Munster_und_die_Alphabetisierung_im_landlichen_Raum_eines_geistlichen_Furstentums_im_17_und_18_Jahrhundert ''Der Status animarum im Hochstift Münster und die Alphabetisierung im ländlichen Raum eines geistlichen Fürstentums im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert''], ubi dicitur "(...) Specificatio catholic[orum] et acatholicorum in Frisoyta (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Friesoythe''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ait''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aithe'')</small> * [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'')</small> * [[Furstenberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fürstenberg'')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesea]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ganderkesee''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gannerseer'')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gandesbergen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Gannsbargen'')</small> * [[Garbsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garbsen'')</small> * [[Garlstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garlstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Garlstörp'')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Garrel'')</small> * [[Garstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Garstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gastää'')</small> * [[Gartovia]]<ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gartow'')</small> * [[Geesta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Geeste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Choeiste'')</small> * [[Geestlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Geestland'')</small> * [[Gehrda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gährde'')</small> * [[Gemmegum]]<ref name="Gemmegum">Vide ''Giminghem - der alte Name von Jemgum'' Gerhardi Kronsweide; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Mittelalterliche urkundliche und einige neuzeitliche Nennungen von Jemgum''' (...) Gemmegum (Urkunde in lateinisch) (...) Gommegum (lat.) (...) Gemghum (lat.) (...) Gemmyngum (lat.) (...) Jemgum (Ubbo Emmius, lat.) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jemgum'')</small> * [[Georgsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Georgsdorf'')</small> * [[Gerdavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gerdau'')</small> * [[Gerdinum]]<ref name="Gerdinium">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/gehrden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der spätere Flecken möglicherweis erstmals als ''Gerdinum'' im Verzeichnis der Schenkungen (''Traditionen'') an das Kloster Corvey erwähnt, das um 826/76 angelegt wurde (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gieren'')</small> * [[Gersta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gersten'')</small> * [[Geteloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Getelo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Getel'')</small> * [[Gevensleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gevensleben'')</small> * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Gieboldehusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gieboldehausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chiwelehusen'')</small> * [[Giesa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Giesen'')</small> * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gilten'')</small> * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'')</small> * [[Gleicha]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gleichen'')</small> * [[Gnarrenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gnarrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gnarrenborg'')</small> * [[Godenstorfium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gödenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gö’nstörp'')</small> * [[Goldbiki]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Golmbach'')</small> * [[Goldenstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Goldenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gollnste'')</small> * [[Golencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gölenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göllenkamp'')</small> * [[Gorenthin]]<ref name="Gorenthin">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1857hist%29.pdf?utm ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) villam Gorenthin '' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Göhrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Göhr''; [[Polabice]] ''Djöra'')</small> * [[Gorleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gorleben'')</small> * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-horst'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-horstium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-horst''' : -''horstium'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grafhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grafhorst'')</small> * [[Grasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grasbarg'')</small> * [[Grasleba]]<ref name="-leba">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-leben'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-leba-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hadersleba]], [[Kintileba]], [[Meresleba]], [[Mimileba]], [[Rumerestleba]], [[Wigileba]], [[Winirichileba]], [[Albgozesleba]], [[Asoltesleba]], [[Buffileba]], [[Egisleba]], [[Gorchesleba]], [[Gozzenleba]], [[Gunderichesleba]], [[Gunzenleba]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grasleben''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graslewe'')</small> * [[Grethemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grethem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Graitn'')</small> * [[Grona (Leina)|Grona]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gronau'')</small> * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grunendicum]]<ref name="-dicum"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Grünendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Greundiek'')</small> * [[Guderhandviertel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Guderhandviertel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gauderhandviddel'')</small> * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusbornium]]<ref name="-bornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-born'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bornium-ii", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Calenbornium (prope Aram)|Calenbornium prope Aram]] et [[Calenbornium (prope Caesariacum)|Calenbornium prope Caesariacum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn''); [[Calenbornium-Scheurenum]] (Theodisce ''Kalenborn-Scheuern''); [[Hasbornium (Eiflia)|Hasbornium]] (Theodisce ''Hasborn''); [[Leidenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Leidenborn''); [[Lichtenbornium]] (Theodisce ''Lichtenborn''). Quae omnia toponyma ex articulo Vicipaediae Latinae de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Rhenaniae_et_Palatinatus indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus] desumpta sunt, ubi apte referuntur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Gusborn'')</small> * [[Gyhum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Gyhum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jeem'')</small> {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hachede]]<ref name="Hachede">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/marschacht/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''paludem a Blekethe vsque ad Ecclesiam Hachede'' (...) ''in quorum honore est altare in prefata ecclesia Hachethe dedicatum'' (...) ''Hinricus Bartolomei plebanus in Merschhachede'' (...) ''rector parrochialis ecclesie in Merschachtede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Marschacht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Meschacht'')</small> * [[Hademstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hademstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hamstorp'')</small> * [[Haeslinga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heeslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßel'')</small> * [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Haga]]<ref name="Haga">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „ Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hage''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Haag'')</small> * [[Haga ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Haga Bremensis]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref>Latinum gentilicium "Bremensis-e" Theodiscum syntagma ''im Bremischen'' vertit.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen im Bremischen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagen'')</small> * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hagenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hagenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hagenborg'')</small> * [[Halbemontium]]<ref name="-montium">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-mond'' aut ''-mont'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-montium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-mond, mont''' : -''montium, mons'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halbemond'')</small> * [[Halla (Holtisminni)|Halla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(in Montibus [[Visurgis]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halla (Comitatus Binethensis)|Halla]]<ref name="Halla prope Neuenhusam">Theodiscum toponymum ''Halle'' plerumque toponymo "Halla-ae" latinizatur. Qua de latinizatione, vide complures Hallae apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>(prope [[Neuenhusa]]m<ref name="-husa"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Halle'')</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Halvesbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassbossel'')</small> * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hamberga]]<ref name="-berga"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambargen'')</small> * [[Hambuhra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hambühren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hambüren'')</small> * [[Hamele]]<ref name="Hamele">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2261/NOB%20VIII_Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Peine.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VIII Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Peine'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1146 ''in Sutherem iuxta Hamele'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 239 S. 222) 1180 ''in Bikem iuxta Honhamelen'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 396 S. 385) 1193 ''in Honhamele'' (UB H.Hild. II Nachtrag Nr. 13 S. 580) 1198 ''apud Honhamelen'' (...) 1251 ''Sutherem apud Hoenhamale'' (UB H.Hild. II Nr. 861 S. 435) 1278-1280 ''iugera Hamelen'' (Lehnregister Meinersen II Nr. 20 S. 590) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohenhameln''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häogenhameln'')</small> * [[Hamelhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hämelhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hämelhusen'')</small> * [[Hamersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hamersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Homersen'')</small> * [[Hamma (Saxonia Inferior)|Hamma]]<ref name="-ah">Germanica aut Semitica aut Indoiranica toponyma cum terminatione ''-ah'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Exempli gratiā: [[Calvela]], [[Maliana]], Parra, [[Widenla]], [[Zellia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hammah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hammoh'')</small> * [[Handeloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handeloh'' seu olim ''Handorf bei Tostedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Handorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Handorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Handörp'')</small> * [[Hantharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Handrup'')</small> * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Harburgensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanstää'')</small> * [[Hanstadium (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hanstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hanster'')</small> * [[Hardegsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hardegsen'')</small> * [[Harmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harmsdörp'')</small> * [[Harna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haren'')</small> * [[Harpstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harpstäe'')</small> * [[Harsfeldum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Harsefeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harsfeld'' seu ''Hasfeld'')</small> * [[Harsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Harsum'')</small> * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hasbergen'')</small> * [[Hasburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haßbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haßbargen'')</small> * [[Hasela (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasela]]<ref name="Hasela">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hassel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Dort ist die ''villa Hasela'' erwähnt, also das Dorf Hassel (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hassel'')</small> * [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'')</small> * [[Hassendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hassendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hassendörp'')</small> * [[Hasta (Saxonia Inferior)|Hasta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haste'')</small> * [[Hatta]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hatten'')</small> * [[Hattorpium ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hattorf am Harz'')</small> * [[Hauslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Häuslingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüßel'')</small> * [[Haverla]]<ref name="Haverla">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) um 941 (Fä. Mitte 12. Jh., kop. 17. Jh.) ''Haverlae'' (...) 1319 ''Haverla'' (UB H Hild. IV 464 S. 247) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Haverlah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haberlah'')</small> * [[Hechthusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hechthausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heckthusen'')</small> * [[Hedebere]]<ref name="Hedebere">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''Antiquum Hedebere seu Minus, Novum Hedebere seu Maius'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hedeper''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heper'')</small> * [[Heeda (Terra Emesensis)|Heeda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Häie'')</small> * [[Heemsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsen'')</small> * [[Heessa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeßen'')</small> * [[Heidenavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heidenau'')</small> * [[Heina (Saxonia Inferior)|Heina]]<ref name="Heina">Vide [https://hgv-hhm.de/ortsnamen-13-19-jahrhundert.html?utm ''Heimat- und Geschichtsverein für Heinade-Hellental-Merxhausen E.V.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''villa Heina'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinade'')</small> * [[Heinbockel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinbockel'')</small> * [[Heiningensis Locus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heiningen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heinig'')</small> * [[Heinsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinsen'')</small> * [[Heli (Saxonia Inferior)|Heli]]<ref name="Heli">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20241109195129/https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in villa Heli'' (...) ''Heloon'' (...) ''collatio ecclesie Helen'' (...) ''Thidericus de Helenen'' (...) ''plebanos ecclesiarum de Helen'' (...) ''in campo sive marke ville Helen'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hehlen'')</small> * [[Hellwega]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hellwege''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hellweeg'')</small> * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Helpsen'')</small> * [[Helvesiecca]]<ref name="-siek">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)". Hoc in casu, applicatur terminatio latinizans formae antiquae suffixi ''-siek'' -quae ''-sieck'', ut accidit in toponymis velut ''Bannensieck'', cuius hodierna forma ''Bannensiek'' est. Qua de ultima antiqua forma, vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=2955251 ''Arcinsys''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Helvesiek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helsch'')</small> * [[Hemminga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hemminga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemmingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hemmje'')</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemmoor'')</small> * [[Hemsbunda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsbünde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Heemsbünnen'')</small> * [[Hemslinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hemslingen'')</small> * [[Hemsloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hemsloh''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hemzel'' seu ''Hemsel'' seu ''Hemßel'')</small> * [[Hepstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hepstedt''; [Saxonice]] ''Hepst'' seu ''Heps'')</small> * [[Hepstidi Villa]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hipstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hipst'')</small> * [[Herrum]]<ref name="Herrum">Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20241109195129/https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B73-8/NOB%20III%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Wolfenb%C3%BCttel%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Salzgitter.pdf ''NOB III Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter.''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Majori villa Herre'' (...) ''Maiori Here'' (...) ''Minori Herro'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heere'')</small> * [[Hertzberga ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Herzberg am Harz'')</small> * [[Herzlaka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Herzlake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hässelke'')</small> * [[Hespa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hespe'')</small> * [[Heuerssa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Heuerßen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoarßen'')</small> * [[Heya]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heyen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Hein'')</small> * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilgermissen'')</small> * [[Hillersa]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hillerse'')</small> * [[Hilter ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hilter am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Himberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Himbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himbargen'')</small> * [[Hinuti]]<ref name="Hinuti">Vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3180/Hinte.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Das Dorf wurde im 10. Jahrhundert als „in Hinuti“ erstmals urkundlich erfasst (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hinte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hint'')</small> * [[Hitgera]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hitzacker''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauci'')</small> * [[Hittberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hittbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hittbargen'')</small> * [[Hlunia (commune)|Hlunia]]<ref name="Hlunia">Nomen communis Theodisce ''Lenne'' dicti suo e homonymo fluvio, Latine "Hlunia" nuncupato, ortum est. Latinum igitur nomen huius communis Latino ex hydronymo etiam derivandum est. Quo de Latino hydronymo, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lenne'')</small> * [[Hlutherun]]<ref name="Hlutherun">Vide [https://koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardBodeinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20161221-965.htm?utm ''Koeble rGerhard Bodeinderdeutschen Ortsgeschichte''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Lüder''', 11. Jh., an einem Bache bei Bodenteich bei Uelzen, F1-1383 HLUTAR (lauter bzw. rein) Hlutherun, Hlutherun (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lüder'')</small> * [[Hodenhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hodenhagen'')</small> * [[Hohbuoki]]<ref name="Hohbuoki">Vide [https://oar.onroerenderfgoed.be/publicaties/RELM/7/RELM007-001.pdf?utm ''The very beginning of Europe?''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''castellum hohbuoki'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Höhbeck'')</small> * [[Hohna]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hohne'')</small> * [[Hohnhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hionhoste'')</small> * [[Hohnstorpium (Albis)|Hohnstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hohnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Haunstörp'')</small> * [[Holdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Holdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hollrup'')</small> * [[Holdunesteti]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hollenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullnst'')</small> * [[Holenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holenberg'')</small> * [[Holla]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holle'')</small> * [[Hollnsethum]]<ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hollnseth'')</small> * [[Holsta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holste'')</small> * [[Holtgaste]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtgast'')</small> * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'')</small> * [[Holza]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Holzen'')</small> * [[Honengesbuthele]]<ref name="Honengesbuthele">Vide [https://blog.slub-dresden.de/fileadmin/groups/slubsite/Blog/2015-KristinCasimir-VortragDresden.pdf?utm ''Ortsnamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe - Onomastik im europäischen Raum''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Honengesbvthele'' statt ''Honekesbutle'' (Casemir, -büttel S. 147) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hankensbüttel'')</small> * [[Hoogsteda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hoogstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoogstee'')</small> * [[Horda ad Harthicos Montes]]<ref name="-e"/><ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hörden am Harz'')</small> * [[Horneburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hornborg'')</small> * [[Horstadium (Saxonia Inferior)|Horstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Horstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Horß'')</small> * [[Hoya]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hoya''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Hoya/Weser''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''de Haaien'' seu ''Hejen'' seu ''Hajen'' seu ''Heien'')</small> * [[Huda (Circulus terrae Diepholtia)|Huda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hüde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hüde'')</small> * [[Hudha]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hude'')</small> * [[Hulseda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hülsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hülse'')</small> * [[Husum (prope Novam Urbem)|Husum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Husum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Husen'')</small> * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte'')</small> * [[Huvenni]]<ref name="Huvenni">Vide [https://dokumen.pub/suffixbildungen-in-alten-ortsnamen-akten-eines-internationalen-symposiums-in-uppsala-14-16-mai-2004-9185352578.html?utm ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala 14.-16. Mai 2004 9185352578''], ubi dicitur "(...) Hüven (Kr. Emsland), 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) in Huvenni (Möller 1998 S. 101, Udolph 2002a S. 238) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hüven'')</small> {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iatha (Saxonia Inferior)|Iatha]]<ref name="Iatha">Commune nomen e flumine cepit. Quo de flumine, vide [https://www.lateinlexikon.com/lexicon_latinum_hodiernum_parsgeographica.pdf?utm ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'' Petri Lucusaltiani]{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) '''Jade'', f ''Iatha, ae'', f [WPD: Jade (Fluss) (24.11.2019); a.1314: Jatha] (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jaad'')</small> * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ielmstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jelmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jelmstörp'')</small> * [[Iembka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jembke'')</small> * [[Iemela]]<ref name="Iemela">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu, latinizans suffixum primae communis Theodisce ''Jameln'' dicti mentioni, quae ''Jemelen'' est, applicatur; qua de mentione, vide [https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/Content/30940/PDF/WA303_9438_A165-8-r1929_Slavia-Occ.pdf?utm ''Slavia Occidentalis, Tomus VIII''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jameln'')</small> * [[Ierichsum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jerxheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jerksen'')</small> * [[Iesteburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Jesteburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jesborg'')</small> * [[Ihlienverda]]<ref name="-verda-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-worth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-verda-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-worth''' : -''verda'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ihlienworth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmworth'')</small> * [[Indago Comitis Hoyae]]<ref name="Indago Comitis Hoyae">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hoyerhagen/?utm ''kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''indago comitis Hoye'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hoyerhagen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Heierhagen'' seu ''Heyerhagen'')</small> * [[Insula Iuistensis]]<ref name="Iuistensis">De Latino gentilicio, cf. [[binomen|epithetum binominale]] [https://turbellaria.umaine.edu/turbellaria/turb3.php?action=6&code=598&valid=618&utm "juistensis"].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Juist'')</small> * [[Insula Longa (Saxonia Inferior)|Insula Longa]]<ref name="Insula Longa">Vocabulum ''Langeoog'', a vocibus [[Lingua Frisica|Frisicis Orientalibus]] ''lange-'' ([[Theodisce]] ''lang'') et ''-oog'' (Theodisce ''Insel'') compositum, [[Latine]] "Insula Longa" reddi potest: Buurman, in ''Hochdeutsch-Plattdeutsches Wörterbuch, s. v. oog, ostfrisicum -oog «Insel» significare tradit atque exempla Langeoog, Spiekeroog, Wangeroog affert; item Glossarium der Flurnamensammlung Ostfriesland'', s. v. ''Oog'', vocabulum Frisicum Orientale ''ôg, oge'' Theodisco ''Insel'' interpretatur. [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/lang?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum autem adiectivum ''lang'' Latine "longus, -a, -um"] redditur; [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/insula?wb=gross&nr=2 nomen vero Theodiscum ''Insel'' Latine "insula, -ae" f.] dicitur. Quam ob rem compositum "Insula Longa" sensum toponymi fideliter reddit.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langeoog''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Langeooch''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langoog'')</small> * [[Isernhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Isernhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isernhogen'')</small> * [[Isterberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Isterberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Isterbarg'')</small> * [[Itterbecca]]<ref name="-ecca">Germanica et Romanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ec(k)'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ecca-ae" seu "-eca-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ec, -eck''' : -''ecca'', -''ēca'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Itterbeck'')</small> * [[Iuniun]]<ref name="Iunium">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 960 Iuniun (MGH DO I. Nr. 206 S. 285) (...) 1251 (A. 14. Jh.) Johan de June (UB Göttingen I Nr. 4 S. 5) 1266 ''Godefridus de Iunen [...] sacerdos'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jühnde'')</small> {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kakenstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kakenstörp'')</small> * [[Karwicium]]<ref name="-icium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-itsch'' aut ''-itz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-icium-i" aut "-itium-i" aut "-icia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-itsch, -itz''' : ''-icium, -itium, -icia'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Karwitz'')</small> * [[Katlenburgum-Lindavia]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Katlenburg-Lindau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Katelnborg-Lindau'')</small> * [[Kettencampus]]<ref name="campus-i"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kettenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ketenkamp '')</small> * [[Kirchdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Kirchdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kirchdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karkdörp'')</small> * [[Kirchgellersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchgellersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karkgellsen'')</small> * [[Kirchseelta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchseelte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Seelte'')</small> * [[Kirchtimka]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchtimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karktimk'')</small> * [[Kirchwalseda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchwalsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karkwals'')</small> * [[Kissenbruga]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kissenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kissenbrügge'')</small> * [[Kneitlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kneitlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kneitling'')</small> * [[Kneta Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großenkneten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grotekneten'')</small> * [[Krebecca]]<ref name="-ecca"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Krebeck'')</small> * [[Krummendicum]]<ref name="-dicum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-di(e)k(e)'' aut ''-deich(e)'' aut ''-dijk'' aut ''-dyk(e)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dicum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Isendicum]] apud {{Graesse}}; aut [[Mardicum]] apud ''Dictionnaire universel françois et latin, vulgairement appelé Dictionnaire de Trévoux''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Krummendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Krummendiek'')</small> * [[Kusta]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Küsten'')</small> * [[Kutenholtia]]<ref name="-holtia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-holz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-holtia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) -holz : -''holtia'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kutenholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kutenhult'' seu ''Kutenholt'')</small> {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laatza]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Laatzen'')</small> * [[Lachendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lachendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lachendörp'')</small> * [[Lacstidi]]<ref name="Lacstidi">Vide [https://www.mundart-kommission.lwl.org/media/filer_public/ef/48/ef48ff64-c0e3-4be5-906f-7d8f27fdba18/ndw_39__scheuermann_der_often.pdf?utm ''Mundart Kommission''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''in locis quorum hec sunt nomina, Lacstidi, Romlo, Dudanebutli'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Loxstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lox'')</small> * [[Ladorpe]]<ref name="Abels 1929">Abels, H. (1929). ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes, in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. [[Paderbronna]]e: Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lorup''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loorp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loorpe'')</small> * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Laga (Saxonia Inferior)|Laga]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loage'')</small> * [[Lahda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lähden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Löhn'')</small> * [[Lahna (Saxonia Inferior)|Lahna]]<ref name="Lahna">Theodiscum toponymum ''Lahn'' forma "Lahna" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Limburgum ad Lahnam]] et [[Laugana|Lahnam]] apud [http://www.archive.org/stream/a568395900unknuoft/a568395900unknuoft_djvu.txt ''Further correspondence respecting the relations existing between foreign governments and the court of Rome: in continuation of papers presented to the Parliament,'' March 27, 1851].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lahn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lohn'')</small> * [[Lamespringa]]<ref name="Lamespringa">Vide [https://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/20vs/201_MGH/1925-1933%2C_MGH%2C_5_Antiquitates._01_Poetae_04_1._Poetae_Latini_Aevi_Carolini%2C_LT.pdf?utm ''Poetae Latini Aevi Carolini''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Agius autem Lamespringae monachus fuisse videatur'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lamspringe'')</small> * [[Lamestede]]<ref name="Lamestede">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/lamstedt/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''parochia Lamestede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lamstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loomst'')</small> * [[Landesberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Landesbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landsebargen'')</small> * [[Landolfshusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landolfshausen'')</small> * [[Langa (Circulus Terrae Emesensis)|Langa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Langen'')</small> * [[Langa Inferior]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Nieder">Theodiscum praefixum ''Nieder-'' Latino adiectivo "inferior-ius" vertitur. V.gr., cf. [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniam Inferiorem]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Niederlangen''; [[[Saxonice]] ''Nederlangen'')</small> * [[Langelege]]<ref name="Langelege">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/langlingen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''ecclesia Langelege'' (Kirche Langlingen), (...) Bauern in Langlingen (''cives in Langelege'') (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langeln'')</small> * [[Langelshemium]]<ref name="Chemnitz 1717">Chemnitz, B. P., (1717). ''Belli Sueco-Germanici Volumen Primum: In quo ostenditur, quibus de caussis Gustavus Adolphus, Suecorum Rex, in Germaniam transiverit''. Sumptibus Ioh. Caspari Meyeri.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langelsheim'')</small> * [[Langwedel (Saxonia Inferior)|Langwedel]]<ref name="Langwedel">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardLaurinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20161207-1612.htm?utm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Langwedel''', 13. Jh., bei Verden, Donb351, (Flecken in dem Landkreis Verden,) rund15000 Einwohner, (apud bzw. ad castrum) Langwedel (1220) (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Langwedel'')</small> * [[Lare]]<ref name="Lare">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/3014/NOB%20XV%20Grafschaft%20Bentheim.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB XV Grafschaft Bentheim'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) '''LAAR''' (Gem. Laar, Samtgem. Emlichheim) 1232 (A. 14. Jh.) ''totum Lare cum ecclesia'' (Gesta Episc. Traiect. S. 424 Z. 51) 1312 (Transs. 1332; A.) ''sex domos [...] de Lare'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Laar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loar'')</small> * [[Lasdorpe]]<ref name="Lasdorpe">Vide [https://www.lastrup.de/portal/seiten/geschichte-900000009-31120.html?utm ''Lastrup''], ubi dicitur "(...) „Curia Lasdorpe“ (Haupthof Lastrup) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lastrup''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Laastrup'')</small> * [[Lauenbruga]]<ref name="-bruga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-brück(e)'' aut ''-brügge'' aut ''-brugg(e)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bruga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Steinbruga]], [[Kissenbruga]], [[Bruga]], [[Bruga ad Ederum]], [[Osnabruga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lauenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lauenbrüch'')</small> * [[Lauenforda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lauenförde'')</small> * [[Lauenhaga]]<ref name="-haga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hag(e)(n)'' seu ''-ha(a)g'' seu ''-hague'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-haga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Haga (Franconia Superior)|Haga Franconiae Superioris]], [[Haga ad Ambram]], [[Haga (in Bavaria superiore)|Haga in Bavaria Superiore]] apud [[Index communium Bavariae|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Bavariae]]; [[Falkenhaga (Marchia)|Falkenhaga Marchiana]] apud [[Index communium Brandenburgi|articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Haga Schauenburgi]], [[Haga Promontorium]], [[Haga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lauenhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Loamharen'')</small> * [[Leezdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Leezdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Leezdörp'')</small> * [[Leha (Terrae Emesensis)|Leha]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lehe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Läie'')</small> * [[Lehrta]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lehrte'')</small> * [[Leiferda]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leiferde'')</small> * [[Lembruchium]]<ref name="-bruchium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-bruch'' seu ''-broich'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bruchium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Horbruchium]] ac [[Mosbruchium]] apud articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de [[Index urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus|indice urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]]; [[Legebruchium]] apud articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de [[Index communium Brandenburgi|indice communium Brandenburgi]]; [[Grevenbruchium]] apud articulum Vicipaediae Latinae de [[Index communium Rhenaniae Septentrionalis et Vestfaliae|indice communium Rhenaniae Septentrionalis et Vestfaliae]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lembruch''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lembrouk'')</small> * [[Lemgovia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref><ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lemgow'')</small> * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref><ref name="-ovia">[[Linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] ac [[linguae Slavicae|Slavica]] toponyma cum suffixo ''-ov'' seu ''-öv'' seu ''ow'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-ovia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Asovia]], [[Brewnovia]], [[Czernichovia]], [[Glasgovia]], [[Golnovia]], [[Grabovia]], [[Kharkovia]], [[Laszovia]], [[Ostrovia]], [[Pscovia]], [[Racovia]], [[Sucovia]], [[Tarnovia]], [[Wengrovia]], [[Witkowa]], [[Wittovia]], [[Crovia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengethe]]<ref name="NOB VIII">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2261/NOB%20VIII_Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Peine.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VIII_Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Peine'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''in Lengethe'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 275 S. 259) 1213 ''in Lengede'' (UB H.Hild. I Nr. 660 S. 631) um 1232 ''in Lengethe archidiaconus'' (UB Goslar I Nr. 518 S. 499) 1235 ''in Lengete'' (Orig. Guelf. IV Nr. 50 S. 144) 1256 ''in archidiaconatibus de Barem et Lengede'' (UB H.Hild. II Nr. 992 S. 497) 1311 Lenghedhe apud Vusenam (UB H.Hild. IV Nr. 85 S. 45) 1316 ''in Lengede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lengede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lenge'')</small> * [[Lengenbostel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lengenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lengenbossel'')</small> * [[Lengirichi]]<ref name="Lengirichi">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/AltdeutschesNamenbuch-Bd2OrtsnamenLbisZ-3A-1913.pdf?utm ''AltdeutschesNamenbuch''], ubi dicitur "(...) 2) Lengerich an der Wallage, Kr. Lingen (...) Lengirichi Osnabr. Ukb. ca. a. 1000. (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lengerich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lengerke'')</small> * [[Leonis Forda]]<ref name="Leonis Forda">Vide [https://www.komoot.com/es-es/highlight/2261371 ''Iglesia Martín Lutero de Lemförde''], ubi dicitur "(...) La comunidad fue mencionada por primera vez en un documento en 1248. En épocas anteriores, el lugar se llamaba Löwenförde, Leonis forda (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemförde''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Lemfouer'')</small> * [[Leonovia]]<ref name="Leonovia">Vide [https://sempub.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/propylaeum_vitae/de/wisski/navigate/93514/view?utm ''Propylaeum Vitae''], ubi dicitur "(...) Leonovia-Brunsvigius (...)".</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lauenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Laena'')</small> * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Lerin]]<ref name="NOB VII">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB VII Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''in loco Lerin provincie Saxo[n]um iuxta flumen Ouácra'' (...) ''Lerim'' (...)''in Lere'' (mGH Urk. Hdl nr. 50 s. 71) 1196-1197 ''Lere'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 311) 1234 ''in Lere'' (...) ''plebano in Lere'' (UB Braunschweig iii nr. 440 s. 325) 1344 ''in villa Leere'' (Flentje / Henrichvark, lehnbücher nr. 142 s. 69) 1380 ''Lere'' (UB Braunschweig Vii nr. 351 s. 324) 1419 ''actum in Lere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lehre'')</small> * [[Lethi]]<ref name="Lethi">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/lathen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist der Ort im Emsland erstmals als ''Lethi'' im Urbar der Abtei Werden erwähnt; der Eintrag lässt sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lathen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Laothen'')</small> * [[Liebenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Liebenburg''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Liebenborg'')</small> * [[Liliarum Vallis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lilienthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Leendaal'' seu ''Lelendaal'')</small> * [[Lindduri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lindern'')</small> * [[Lindhorstium]]<ref name="-horstium"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lindhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lindhoste'')</small> * [[Lindwedel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lindwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Linneweh'')</small> * [[Linga (Amisia)|Linga]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lingen'')</small> * [[Linsburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Linsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Linsborg'')</small> * [[Lintlo]]<ref name="Lintlo">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/kirchlinteln/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Urkundlich ist das Dorf erstmals 1123 als ''Lintlo'' belegt (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Kirchlinteln''; [[Saxonice]] ''Karklinteln'' seu ''Kerklinteln'' seu ''Kerklinneln'')</small> * [[Liubeme]]<ref name="Lübbow">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/luebbow/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Schriftlich ist das zweizeilige Reihendorf erstmals in einer kaiserlichen Urkunde aus dem Jahr 956 erwähnt: Ks. Otto I. († 973) schenkte dem Kloster Quedlinburg sechs Dörfer, darunter ''Liubeme'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lübbow'')</small> * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lon]]<ref name="Lon">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''Das Güterverzeichniss Graf Heinrichs von Dale (1188)'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''parrochia Lon prope Vechtam'' (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lohne''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lohn'')</small> * [[Longa Indago]]<ref name="Longa Indago">Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_bij005190401_01/_bij005190401_01_0009.php?utm ''www.dbnl.org''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''parrochianus de Longa Indagine'' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langenhagen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langenhogen'')</small> * [[Longa Villa (Saxonia Inferior)|Longa Villa]]<ref name="Longa Villa">Theodiscum toponymum ''Langendorf'' Latino toponymo "Longa Villa" verti solet. Qua de correspondentia, vide [https://dbc.wroc.pl/Content/15237/PDF/17250.pdf?utm ''Das Waldhufendorf in Schlesien'', Gualterii Bernardi], ubi dicitur "(...) Langedorf ca. 1305 L.F.B.208 Longa villa (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Langendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Langendörp'')</small> * [[Loninga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Löningen'')</small> * [[Lubberstedi]]<ref name="Lubberstedi">Vide [https://lübberstedt.de/ueber-unser-dorf/?utm ''Lübberstedt''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der ursprüngliche Name „lubberstedi“ ist zusammengesetzt aus „stedi“ (Ort, Platz, Stelle), womit eine Ansiedlung bezeichnet wird, und „lubber“, dem Namen des (ursprünglichen) Familienoberhauptes des Einzelhofes bzw. der kleinen Gemeinschaftssiedlung, bedeutet also: „Lubbers-Stätte“. (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lübberstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lübbs'')</small> * [[Luccavia (Saxonia Inferior)|Luccavia]]<ref name="Luccavia">Theodiscum toponymum ''Luckau'' forma "Luccavia" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Luccavia]]m apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Luckau'')</small> * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Ludersburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lüdersburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lüsborg'')</small> * [[Ludersfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lüdersfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lüschenfeile'')</small> * [[Luerdissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Lüerdissen'')</small> * [[Luhda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Luhden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Liuen'')</small> * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lunne]]<ref name="Lunne">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/haseluenne/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''civibus opidi nostri in Lunne'' (...)". Latinum autem gentilicium "Haselunnensis-e" est. Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Haselünne''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lunni (commune generali Spella)|Lunni]]<ref name="Lunni">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/AltdeutschesNamenbuch-Bd2OrtsnamenLbisZ-3A-1913.pdf?utm ''Altdeutsches Namenbuch'']; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Lunni.''' 9. 1) Altlünne bei Plantlünne (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lünne'')</small> * [[Lutetsburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lütetsburg''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Lütsbörg'')</small> * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> * [[Lyese]]<ref name="Lyese">Vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783835341944_A39332036/preview-9783835341944_A39332036.pdf?utm ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum''], ubi dicitur "(...) in marchia Lyese proprietatis iure (...) in campis de Lyese trans Werram (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leese'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Maasen'')</small> * [[Magna Palus]]<ref name="Magna Palus">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/magnus?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum ''Große-'' Latino adiectivo "magnus-a-um"] et [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/germanistischewoerterbuecher/altsaechsischeswoerterbuch/asF.pdf Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Großefehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootfehn'')</small> * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''] {{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Markloha]]<ref name="-loha">Germanica praesentia aut antiqua toponyma cum suffixis ''-loh(e)'' et ''-lo'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-loha-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ascloha]], [[Buohloha]], [[Eiloha]], [[Hadaloha]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Marklohe'')</small> * [[Marlare (Saxonia Inferior)|Marlare]]<ref name="Marlare">Theodiscum toponymum ''Marl'' forma "Marlare" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Marlare|Marlare Rhenaniae Septentrionalis et Vestfaliae]] apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Marl'')</small> * [[Marsunnon]]<ref name="Marsunnon">Vide [https://historischer-rueckklick-bielefeld.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/07svhvr-texte_ocr.pdf?utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Osnabrücker Raumes''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Merzen (Marsunnon)'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Merzen'')</small> * [[Marxa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Marxen'')</small> * [[Masingi]]<ref name="Messingen">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2258/WOB%2011%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Kreises%20Paderborn.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''WOB 11 Die Ortsnamen des Kreises Paderborn''] {{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''silva Masingorum'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Messingen'')</small> * [[Mechtersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Mechtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mechtsen'')</small> * [[Meckelsa Maior]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Meckels'')</small> * [[Meckelsa Minor]]<ref name="-a"/><ref name="KleinGrosse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Klein Meckelsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lütt Meckels'')</small> * [[Media Lu]]<ref name="Media Lu">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/mittelnkirchen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi "(...) Mittelnkirchen ist nach 1305 und 1322 als ''medie Lu'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Mittelnkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mittelskark'')</small> * [[Meinersa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Meinersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Maanze'')</small> * [[Melbike]]<ref name="Melbeck">Vide [https://www.samtgemeinde-ilmenau.de/PortalData/10/Resources/historie/dokumente/Orts-_und_Gewaessernamen_im_Landkreis_Lueneburg.pdf?utm ''Orts- und Gewässernamen im Landkreis Lueneburg'']. ubi "(...) Melbeck 1296 in Melbeke. 1300 in villa Melbike. 1303 in villa Melbeke (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Melbeck'')</small> * [[Mella]]<ref name="Mella">Vide [https://www.lemgo.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente/Stadtarchiv/Bib_974.pdf?utm ''Album studiosorum Academiae'']. ubi "(...) Henrich Carl Kahmann Mella-Osnabrugensis (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Melle'')</small> * [[Mellinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Mellinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mellgenhusen'')</small> * [[Menslaga]]<ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Menslage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Menslaoge'')</small> * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merdvelde]]<ref name="Merdvelde">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/martfeld/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''Curtem in Merdvelde'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Martfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mattfeld'')</small> * [[Meribiki]]<ref name="Meribiki">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/wikiling/index.php?f=lemmaFull&langType=reviews&lemmaID=3296&utm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Meerbeck''' (...) Meribiki MGd. 3 (1013) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Meerbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mierbke'')</small> * [[Messencampus]]<ref name="campus-i"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Messenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Messenkampe'')</small> * [[Meynum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meine'')</small> * [[Mittelstenaha]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Mittelstenahe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mittelsnohn'')</small> * [[Moisburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Moisburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mesborg'')</small> * [[Molberga]]<ref name="Molberga">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camena/loescher2/loescherthreni.html ''THRENI, SEU LAMENTATIOnes Ieremiae Prophetae...''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''Molberga vocatur'' (...) ''Sensit et externas Molberga innoxia vires'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Molbergen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Molbiergen'')</small> * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Monstere]]<ref name="Monstere">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/munster-st-urbani/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''decima in Monstere'' (...)"</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Munster''; [[Saxonice]] ''Munste'')</small> * [[Moormerlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Moormerland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Moormerlound'')</small> * [[Moranga Curtis]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Moringen'')</small> * [[Mundia Hannoverana]]<ref name="Mundia Hannoverana">Vide [https://spatial.demo.geocode.earth/explore/place/wof/101810167?utm ''Geocode Earth''], ubi dicitur "(...) LAT preferred '''Mundia Hannoverana''' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hann. Münden'' seu ''Hannoversch Münden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannöversch Münnen'')</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Mutha]]<ref name="Mutha">Vide [https://niedersaechsischer-heimatbund.de/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/1022-Die-echte-und-die-gef%C3%A4lschten-Urkunden-f%C3%BCr-das-Kloster-St.-MIchaelis-in-Hildesheim_compressed.pdf?utm ''Niedersächsischer Heimatbund''], ubi dicitur "(...) III. ''Mutha'' Güter (Urk. II S. 307); ''Mutha'' Güter (Urk. III S. 66) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Müden'')</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nahrendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Norndörp'')</small> * [[Nenndorfium (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorfium]]<ref name="-dorf"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nenndorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nenndörp'')</small> * [[Netesse]]<ref name="Netesse">Vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/WG33LCQUIIHK3OA7DR6IKIOFHW6FXKYJ?utm ''12 Lüneburger Ratsmannen bekunden, dass der Magister Bernard de Netesse (Neetze) ½ Rump Salz...''], ubi dicitur "(...) Magister Bernard de Netesse (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neetze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neetz'' seu ''Näätz'')</small> * [[Neuenhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenhaus''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenhuus'')</small> * [[Neyenkerken]]<ref name="Neyenkerken">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/neuenkirchen-lueneburger-heide/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''bona, que Vriban vulgariter nuncupantur, in Neyenkerken et Hellewede'' (...)".</ref> <small>(in [[Ericetum Luneburgense|Ericeto Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Ericetum"/><ref name="Lüneburger">Theodiscum gentilicium ''Lüneburger'' Latino "Luneburgensis-e" vertitur, quod ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Lüneburger Heide">Theodisce ''Lüneburger Heide''.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenkerken'')</small> * [[Niedernwohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Niedernwöhren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Niernweuern'')</small> * [[Nienstide]]<ref name="Nienstide">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-07-2017/AAAKoeblerGerhardSamtgemeindeinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20170710%20-%20111.htm?utm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) (Samtgemeinde in dem Landkreis Schaumburg,) rund 11000 Einwohner, Nienstide (1153-1170) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nienstädt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nienstie'')</small> * [[Nighunburni]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Negenborn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Niägenborn'')</small> * [[Norda]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Norden''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Saxonice|Eofrisicosaxonice]] ''Nörden'')</small> * [[Nordcele]]<ref name="Nordcele">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/wikiling/index.php?f=lemmaFull&langType=reviews&lemmaID=2774&utm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Nordsehl''', 13. Jh., Gemeinde in Schaumburg, s. GOV Schaumburg 384, (in) Nordcele Cal (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nordsehl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nordsiele'')</small> * [[Nordenhamia]]<ref name="-ham">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-ham'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-hamia-ae" aut "hamium-i". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-ham''' : -''hamia,'' -''hamium'' (...)".</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nordenham'')</small> * [[Norderneia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Norderney''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Eofrisosaxonice]] ''Nördernee'')</small> * [[Nordtmor]]<ref name="Nordtmor">Hoc Latinum toponymum regressive derivatur Latino e gentilicio "Nordtmorensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nortmoor/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Nordtmorensis: Hermannus Gueneranus'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor'')</small> * [[Norhtunon-Hardenberga]]<ref name="Nörten">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/noerten/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi dicitur "(...) ''Norhtunon'' (...)".</ref><ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nörten-Hardenberg''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Nörten-Harenbarg'')</small> * [[Northarpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nortrup''; [[Saxonice]] ''Norpen'')</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortleda]]<ref name="Nortleda">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nordleda/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''] , ubi dicitur "(...) urkundlich erstmals 1312 als ''Nortleda'' belegt (...) ''Marquardus de Nortleda'' (...) ''Thidericus rector ecclesie in Nortleda'' (...) ''rector parochialis ecclesia in Nortleda'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nordleda''; [[Saxonice]] ''De Lee'' seu ''Lee'')</small> * [[Notendorpe]]<ref name="Notendorpe">Vide [https://mgh.de/storage/app/media/v-ed/Urkunden_Heinrich_VI_deut_franzoes_italien_Empfaenger_DD_Vorabedition_Pferschy-Maleczek_2020-02-16.pdf?utm ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs VI: Vorabedition''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''confirmamus ducentos mansos in Notendorpe'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Natendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Natendörp'')</small> * [[Nottensdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Nottensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nottensdörp'')</small> * [[Nova Civitas (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Civitas]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neustadt am Rübenberge'' seu ''Neustadt a. Rbge.''; [[Saxonice]] ''Niestadt'')</small> * [[Nova Darchavia]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neu Darchau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nee Darchau'')</small> * [[Nova Domus (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Domus]]<ref name="Nova Domus">Theodiscum toponymum ''Neuhaus'' Latino "Nova Domum" verti solet. Cf. Novas Domus apud {{Graesse}} aut [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuhaus''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neehuus'')</small> * [[Nova Ecclesia (prope Birsinam)|Nova Ecclesia]]<ref name="Nova Ecclesia">Theodiscum toponymum ''Neuenkirchen'' Latino "Nova Ecclesia" verti solet. Cf. [[Nova Ecclesia (Liebenburgum)|Novam Ecclesiam Liebenburgensem]] apud [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/2262/NOB%20X%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Goslar.pdf?utm ''NOB X Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Goslar''] {{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}; [[Nova Ecclesia (Rugia)|Novam Ecclesiam in Rugia]] apud Fabricii (anno 1862) ''Urkunden zur Geschichte des Fürstenthums Rügen unter den eingebornen Fürsten''; [[Nova Ecclesia (prope Anclamum)|Novam Ecclesiam]] prope [[Anclamum]] apud Eggert (anno 1970) ''Geschichte Pommerns: Vol. 1. Bis zum Westfälischen Frieden''; [[Nova Ecclesia (prope Brandenburgum Novum)|Novam Ecclesiam]] prope Brandenburgum Novum apud ''Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. 9); et Novam Ecclesiam Pomeranam apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>(prope [[Birsina]]m<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenkarken'')</small> * [[Nova Ecclesia-Vorda]]<ref name="Nova Ecclesia"/><ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen-Vörden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nienkerken-Vörden'')</small> * [[Nova Exclusa Harlingana]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="exclusa>Vocabulum et suffixum [[lingua Saxonica|Saxonicum]] ''(-)Siel'' Theodisco vocabulum ''Schleuse'' respondet, ut iam Adelungus in ''Grammatisch-kritischem Wörterbuch der Hochdeutschen Mundart'' s. v. ''Schleuse'' testatur: "Im Niederdeutschen wird eine Schleuse ... ein Siel ... [vocatur]"; ipsum autem Theodiscum ''Schleuse'' Latine "exclusa, -ae" f. redditur, nam Adelungus ibidem ''Schleuse'' inter mediae Latinitatis vocabula "exclusa", "inclusura", "conclusio", "sclusa", "clusa" refert, et ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'' quoque ''Schleuse'' = "exclusa, -ae" f. tradit.</ref><ref name="Harlinganus-a-um">Theodiscum gentilicium interfixum ''-harlinger-'' Latino "harlinganus-a-um" vertitur. Quo de Latino gentilicio, vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3275/Altharlingersiel.pdf?utm Heinze, A. (2015). ''Altharlingersiel''. Ostfriesische Landschaft, Bibliothek/Ortsdatenbank], ubi dicitur "(...) claustrum Harlinganum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neuharlingersiel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeharlingersiel'')</small> * [[Nova Indago (Circulus terrae Cellensis)|Nova Indago]]<ref name="Nienhagen">Theodiscum toponymum ''Nienhagen'' "Nova Indago" latinizari solet. Cf. [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_WfU-AAAAcAAJ/bub_gb_WfU-AAAAcAAJ_djvu.txt ''"Meklenburgisches Urkundenbuch / 4 1297-1300 ; Nachträge und Register zu Band I - IV''], ubi dicitur "(...) Nienhagen, A. Doberan, Kspl. Lichtenhagen, 13 NO Rostock, Nigenhaghen, Noua Indago, Nygenhaghen (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nienhagen'')</small> * [[Nova Leha]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="-e"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Neulehe'')</small> * [[Nova Lu]]<ref name="Nova Lu">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/neuenkirchen-altes-land/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) urkundlich erstmals 1274 als ''Nova Lu'' belegt (...) Landesgemeinde Altes Land (1361 eigenes Siegel, Umschrift: ''Sigillum communitates veteris terrae'') (...)".</ref> <small>(in [[Vetus Terra|Vetere Terra]]<ref name="Nova Lu"/><ref name="Vetus Terra">Theodisce ''Altes Land''.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neekark'')</small> * [[Nova Palus Campensis]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="campensis">Theodiscum interfixum ''-kamper-'' Latino gentilicio "campensis-e" vertitur, quod ad vocabulum "campus-i" (Theodisce ''Kamp'') refertur. Revera, [https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum lexemate ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref><ref name="-fehn">Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neukamperfehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeikamperfehn'')</small> * [[Nova Scona Mora]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="Scona Mora">Vide [https://www.holtgast-urlaub.de/cgi-bin/hvv/index.pl?gid=&id=&mid=40&utm ''Die Benediktinerzeit''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der Visiator fand um 1290 im Kloster "Scona Mora" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neuschoo''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeschoo'')</small> * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> * [[Novum Burgium]]<ref name="Neu">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Neu?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum adiectivum aut praefixum ''Neu(-)'' Latino adiectivo "novus-a-um"] vertitur.</ref><ref name="Remling VII 2026"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neubörger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Naiboorger'')</small> * [[Novum Wulmstorpium]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neu Wulmstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vosshusen'')</small> * [[Nyenkerken (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Nyenkerken]]<ref name="NyenkerkenII">Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_bij005190401_01/_bij005190401_01_0009.php?utm ''dbnl''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Item curtis in Nyenkerken'' (...)".</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref name="Landkreis Osnabrück"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nienkerken'')</small> * [[Nyenkerken (Haduloha)|Nyenkerken]]<ref name="Nyenkerken">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/neuenkirchen-land-hadeln/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''rector parrochialis ecclesie in Nyenkerken'' (...)".</ref> <small>(in [[Haduloha (commune generale)|Haduloha]]<ref name="Haduloha">Vide [https://www.lwl.org/westfaelische-geschichte/txt/wz-9396.pdf?utm ''Westfälische Geschichte''], ubi dicitur "(...) "Haduloha ... - hoc enim loco nomen, ubi oceanus Saxoniam alluit (...)".</ref><ref name="Haduloha">[[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Land Hadeln''.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neenkarken'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oesinga Maior]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Oesingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Oesingen'')</small> * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Palus Hagensis]]<ref name="Palus Hagensis">[https://www.latin-is-simple.com/de/vocabulary/noun/13172/ Theodiscum toponymicum suffixum ''-marsch'' Latino vocabulo "palus paludis" vertitur] et Latinum gentilicium "Hagensis-e", quod ad [[Haga (Saxonia Inferior)|Hagam]] refertur, Theodiscum gentilicium praefixum ''Hager-'' vertitur. Quo de gentilicio et toponymo, vide [https://bibliothek.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/dateiarchiv/3191/Hage.pdf?utm ''Historische Ortsdatenbank für Ostfriesland''], ubi dicitur "(...) Erscheinung trat der Ort als „curatus Hagensis“ im Jahr 1400. Spätere Bezeichnungen waren „Haga“ (um 1409) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hagermarsch'')</small> * [[Palus Hilcae]]<ref name="Hilkenbrook">Theodiscum toponymum ''Hilkenbrook'', quamquam hodiernum est, syntagmate ''Palus Hilcae'' Latine verti potest. Nomen Germanicum ''Hilcke'', variatio nominis Theodisci ''Hilken-'', apud Stark ad formam Latinam "Hilca-ae" refertur, quae saeculo XII testata est (''Monumenta Garsensia'', n. 37; ''Monumenta Boica'' I, 27): Stark, F. (1866), ''Die Kosenamen der Germanen'', p. 318. Brook, i. e. bruoh «Sumpf, sumpfiges Gelände», Latine "palus, paludis" reddi potest. Itaque, anthroponomycum praefixum ''Hilken-'' ad nomen ''Hilca'' relatum et suffixum ''brook'' per vocabulum "palus, paludis" redditum, ''Hilkenbrook'' interpretari licet "Palus Hilcae".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hilkenbrook'')</small> * [[Palus Regis]]<ref name="Palus Regis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Moor?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum suffixum ''-moor'' Latino vocabulo "palus-udis" vertitur] et [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/rex?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum praefixum genetivo casu ''Königs-'' Latino genetivo "regis"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königsmoor'')</small> * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Pennigsähle'')</small> * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rastörpe'')</small> * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rehborg-Locken'')</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rowohle'')</small> * [[Rohrsen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rohßen'')</small> * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ronnenbarg'')</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sanctae Mariae Vallis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Mariental'')</small> * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schola Dei]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ihlow''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ihl'')</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Swering'')</small> * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Seinje'')</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spella]]<ref name="Spella">Vide [https://www.emsland.com/la/tour/emsland-route-395-km?utm ''www.esland.com''], ubi dicitur "(...) A Spella ad Rhenum: circiter XVI km (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Spelle'')</small> * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Steembke'')</small> * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemne]]<ref name="Stemne">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nordstemmen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''novem iugera sitam Stemne'' (...) ''novem iugeribus in Nortstempne'' (...) ''capellam in northstemne'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nordstemmen'')</small> * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Staarbarg'')</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stöckse'')</small> * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stoltnaa'')</small> * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Eofrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twilpstede Maius]]<ref name="Twilpstede Maius">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg'']{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori'' (...) 1311 ''Twilpstede Maiori et Minori'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Twülpstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Twülpstidde'')</small> * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Uchte'')</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Vallis Mimedensis]]<ref name="Vallis"/><ref name="Mimedensis">Theodiscum hydronymicum praefixum ''Nieme-'' Latino gentilicio "Mimedensis-e" vertitur, quod ad flumen Mimede seu Mymede (Theodisce ''Nieme'') refertur. Quo de Latino hydronymo, vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B74-6/NOB%20IV%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20G%C3%B6ttingen.pdf?utm ''NOB IV Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''] {{Nexus deficit|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur "(...) ''riuum, qui teutonice Mimede vocatur'' (...) ''riuum, qui toutonice Mymede vocatur'' (...) ''flumine Mimede'' (...) ''riuum, qui Mymede vocatur'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Niemetal'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Via Paludis]]<ref name="Via Paludis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Moor?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum nominale praefixum ''Moor-'' Latino substantivo casu genetivo "paludis" (f.)] et [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Weg?wb=gross&nr=2 Theodiscum nominale suffixum ''-weg'' Latino nomine "via-ae" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Moorweg'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vicus Vetus Hassicus]]<ref name="Vicus Vetus Hassicus">Vide [https://www.fallingrain.com/world/GM/06/Hessisch_Oldendorf.html?utm ''www.fallingrain''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Other (Latin) names: Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Vicus Vetus Hassicus,Hessisch-Oldendorf,Hessisch-Oldendorf''' (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Hessisch Oldendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eolendörpe'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Warmsen'')</small> * [[Warpe]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Warpe'')</small> * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wenngessen'')</small> * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wietzen'')</small> * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worde]]<ref name="Worde">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/grossenwoerden/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Hinricus rector ecclesie in Worde'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Großenwörden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootweurn'')</small> * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wunsdörp'')</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Y === {{div col|3}} * [[Ylsede]]<ref name="Ylsede">Vide [https://kleinilsede.hier-im-netz.de/historis.htm ''Historisches über Klein Ilsede''], ubi dicitur "(...) minori ylsede (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ilsede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ilse'')</small> * [[Yppenerdhe]]<ref name="Yppenerdhe">Vide [https://www.gross-ippener.de/gemeinde/geschichte.html?utm ''Groß Ippene''], ubi dicitur "(...) Parrochia Yppenerdhe (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Groß Ippener''; [[Saxonice]] ''Groot Ippner'')</small> * [[Ysinibutle]]<ref name="Ysinibutle">Vide [https://www.arcinsys.niedersachsen.de/arcinsys/showArchivalDescriptionDetails?archivalDescriptionId=5905372&utm ''Arcinsys''], ubi dicitur "(...) Isenbüttel, Kr. Gifhorn (Ysinibutle, Ysenebutle) (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Isenbüttel'')</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] s447esaunf30dr9zeusjzyim1yob8yn Anna Maria Testa 0 231449 3993171 3959802 2026-10-06T13:19:24Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993171 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Anna Maria Testa''' ([[Mediolanum |Mediolani]] die [[30 Iunii]] [[1953]] nata) est [[praeconium mercatorium |praeconii mercatorii]] perita [[Italia]]na. Testa etiam apud [[diarium|diaria]], [[televisio]]nes ([[Rai 3]]) et [[universitas|universitates]] (e.g. ''[[Università commerciale Luigi Bocconi]]'') operam dat. Mense Februario [[2015]] Anna Maria Testa petitionem publicam ''#dilloinitaliano'' creavit ad verborum [[Lingua Anglica |Anglicarum]] usum moderandum, cum [[Italiane]] loquitur. == Opera == * ''Leggere e amare. 21 racconti'', 1993 - Feltrinelli (ISBN 88-07-70046-8) * ''La parola immaginata'', 1996 - Pratiche (ISBN 88-7380-482-9) * ''Farsi capire. Comunicare con efficacia e creatività nel lavoro e nella vita'', 2000 - Rizzoli * ''La pubblicità'', 2000 - Il Mulino (ISBN 88-17-86329-7) * ''Le vie del senso. Come dire cose opposte con le stesse parole'', 2004 - Carocci (ISBN 88-430-3086-8) * ''La creatività a più voci'', 2005 - Laterza (ISBN 88-420-7703-8) * ''Sola andata'', Racconto inserito in ''Cuori di pietra'' (2007, Mondadori) * ''La trama lucente - Che cos'è la creatività, perché ci appartiene, come funziona'', 2010 - Rizzoli (ISBN 978 8817039895) * ''Minuti scritti - 12 esercizi di pensiero e scrittura, ''2013 - Rizzoli (ISBN 978-88-17-06756-0) == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150219032508/http://annamariatesta.it/ Annae Mariae testa pagina interretialis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150222144249/http://progettinuovi.it/ Progetti nuovi pagina interretialis] * [http://www.nuovoeutile.it Nuovo e utile pagina interretialis] * [https://www.change.org/p/un-intervento-per-la-lingua-italiana-dilloinitaliano Petitio #dilloinitaliano] {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime |1953| |Testa, Anna Maria}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Italiae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Italiani]] 9mdaadxtcxa605lat8juzqgbq13x8xj Karlomannus Bavariae 0 238739 3993214 3979875 2026-10-06T16:16:34Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20261006)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3993214 wikitext text/x-wiki {{capsa hominis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Stammtafel der Karolinger.jpg|thumb|In stemmate Carolingorum legitur "Karlomannus rex Bawariae".]] '''Karlomannus''' (vulgo ''Karlmann''; natus circa annum [[830]], mortuus die [[22 Martii]] [[880]]) fuit rex [[Franci]]cus [[Carolingorum stirps|Carolingorum stirpis]], filius maximus natu [[Ludovicus (rex Francorum orientalium)|Ludovici Germanici]], [[Regnum Francorum orientalium|Francorum orientalium]] regis et [[Hemma]]e, filiae comitis Bavariensis. Karlomannus a patre [[margravius]] [[Pannonia]]e anno [[856]] creatus, post patris mortem anno [[876]] rex [[Bavaria]]e factus est. [[Ludovicus II (imperator)|Ludovicus II]] [[Regnum Italiae|Italiae rex]] eum successorem suum designavit, sed hoc regnum anno [[875]] a Karlomanni patruo [[Carolus II (imperator)|Carolo Calvo]] captum, tantum anno [[877]] a Carlomanno victum est. Carlomannus anno [[879]] fortasse [[apoplexia cerebri|apoplexiâ]] debilitatus, Bavariam [[Ludovicus III (rex Francorum orientalium)|Ludovico Iuniore]], Italiam [[Carolus III (imperator)|Carolo Crasso]] tradidit. == Bibliographia == *{{cite book |last=Bowlus |first=Charles R. |title=Franks, Moravians, and Magyars: The Struggle for the Middle Danube, 788–907 |url=https://archive.org/details/franksmoraviansm0000bowl |location=Philadelphia |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |year=1995}} *{{cite journal |first=Fred E. |last=Engreen |title=Pope John the Eighth and the Arabs |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_speculum_1945-07_20_3/page/318 |journal=[[Speculum (journal)|Speculum]] |volume=20 |issue=3 |year=1945 |pages=318–30|ref=harv |doi=10.2307/2854614}} *{{cite book |last=Goldberg |first=Eric Joseph |title=Struggle for Empire: Kingship and Conflict Under Louis the German, 817–876 |year=2006 |location=Ithaca, New York |publisher=Cornell University Press|ref=harv}} *{{cite book |authorlink1=Philip Grierson |first1=Philip |last1=Grierson |first2=Mark |last2=Blackburn |title=Medieval European Coinage, With a Catalogue of the Coins in the Fitzwilliam Museum, Volume 1: The Early Middle Ages (5th–10th Centuries) |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1986 |ref=harv}} *{{cite book |first=Simon |last=MacLean |year=2003 |title=Kingship and Politics in the Late Ninth Century : Charles the Fat and the End of the Carolingian Empire |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge|ref=harv}}<!--pp. 84-6, 91-2, 94, 134-5, 141, 221-3--> *{{cite journal |first=Simon |last=MacLean |year=2010 |title=Legislation and Politics in Late Carolingian Italy: The Ravenna Constitutions |journal=Early Medieval Europe |volume=18 |pages=394–416|ref=harv |doi=10.1111/j.1468-0254.2010.00304.x}} *{{cite book |authorlink=Timothy Reuter |first=Timothy |last=Reuter |title=Germany in the Early Middle Ages, c. 800–1050 |url=https://archive.org/details/germanyinearlymi0000reut |publisher=Longman |location=London |year=1991|ref=harv}} {{Imperatores SRI}} {{bio-stipula}} [[Categoria:Reges Francorum orientalium]] [[Categoria:Carolingi]] [[Categoria:Nati saeculo 9]] [[Categoria:Mortui 880]] 6zvhaa2vz6numwwtpsgdfttbl4320qg Circulus Lerensis 0 246170 3993282 3989176 2026-10-06T22:47:31Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993282 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in LER.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Lerensi]] '''Circulus Lerensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Lerensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Leer'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Lerensis-e" ad [[Leri|Leros]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Leer''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lier''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit et deinde ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Leri]] est. == Historia == Ager circuli ab anno [[1815]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circulus conditus et anno [[1932]] circulo dissoluto Weener auctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Lerensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'') urbs (5175 incolae) * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'') (7566) * [[Gemmegum]]<ref name="Gemmegum">Vide ''Giminghem - der alte Name von Jemgum'' Gerhardi Kronsweide; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Mittelalterliche urkundliche und einige neuzeitliche Nennungen von Jemgum''' (...) Gemmegum (Urkunde in lateinisch) (...) Gommegum (lat.) (...) Gemghum (lat.) (...) Gemmyngum (lat.) (...) Jemgum (Ubbo Emmius, lat.) (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jemgum'') (3597) * [[Leri]] (33.891, caput circuli) * [[Moormerlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Moormerland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Moormerlound'') (sedes administrationis [[Palus Warsingana]]<ref name="Palus Warsingana">Theodiscum anthroponymicum praefixum casu genetivo ''Warsings-'' Latino adiectivo "Warsinganus-a-um" et [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/germanistischewoerterbuecher/altsaechsischeswoerterbuch/asF.pdf Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> -Theodisce ''Warsingsfehn''-, 22.667) * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] (10.750) * [[Rhauderfehn]] (sedes: Westrhauderfehn, 17.162) * [[Uplengen]] (sedes: Remels, 11.503) * [[Weener]], oppidum (15.430) * [[Westoverledingen]] (sedes: Ihrhove, 20.036) * [[Hasla (commune generale)|Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') commune generale (10.595) ** [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'') (700) ** [[Firrel]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'') (816) ** [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') (sedes administrationis, 4520) ** [[Holtland]] (2260) ** [[Neukamperfehn]] (1594) ** [[Schwerinsdorf]] (705) * [[Iummium (commune generale)|Iummium]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jümme'') commune generale (6420) ** [[Filsum]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'') sedes administraionis (2094) ** [[Nordtmor]]<ref name="Nordtmor">Hoc Latinum toponymum regressive derivatur Latino e gentilicio "Nordtmorensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nortmoor/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Nordtmorensis: Hermannus Gueneranus'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor'') (1653) ** [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') oppidum (2673) * Ager ad commune non pertinens: ** [[Lütje Hörn]] insula inhabitata ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Leer|circulum Lerensem}} [http://www.landkreis-leer.de Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lerensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] 1qu330bpb6tozs1uf18gkpqx0754f5n 3993283 3993282 2026-10-06T22:47:58Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993283 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in LER.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Lerensi]] '''Circulus Lerensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Lerensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Leer'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Lerensis-e" ad [[Leri|Leros]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Leer''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lier''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit et deinde ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Leri]] est. == Historia == Ager circuli ab anno [[1815]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circulus conditus et anno [[1932]] circulo dissoluto Weener auctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Lerensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'') urbs (5175 incolae) * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'') (7566) * [[Gemmegum]]<ref name="Gemmegum">Vide ''Giminghem - der alte Name von Jemgum'' Gerhardi Kronsweide; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Mittelalterliche urkundliche und einige neuzeitliche Nennungen von Jemgum''' (...) Gemmegum (Urkunde in lateinisch) (...) Gommegum (lat.) (...) Gemghum (lat.) (...) Gemmyngum (lat.) (...) Jemgum (Ubbo Emmius, lat.) (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jemgum'') (3597) * [[Leri]] (33.891, caput circuli) * [[Moormerlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Moormerland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Moormerlound'') (sedes administrationis [[Palus Warsingana]]<ref name="Palus Warsingana">Theodiscum anthroponymicum praefixum casu genetivo ''Warsings-'' Latino adiectivo "Warsinganus-a-um" et [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/germanistischewoerterbuecher/altsaechsischeswoerterbuch/asF.pdf Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> -Theodisce ''Warsingsfehn''-, 22.667) * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] (10.750) * [[Rhauderfehn]] (sedes: Westrhauderfehn, 17.162) * [[Uplengen]] (sedes: Remels, 11.503) * [[Weener]], oppidum (15.430) * [[Westoverledingen]] (sedes: Ihrhove, 20.036) * [[Hasla (commune generale)|Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') commune generale (10.595) ** [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'') (700) ** [[Firrel]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'') (816) ** [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') (sedes administrationis, 4520) ** [[Holtland]] (2260) ** [[Neukamperfehn]] (1594) ** [[Schwerinsdorf]] (705) * [[Iummium (commune generale)|Iummium]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jümme'') commune generale (6420) ** [[Filsum]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'') sedes administraionis (2094) ** [[Nordtmor]]<ref name="Nordtmor">Hoc Latinum toponymum regressive derivatur Latino e gentilicio "Nordtmorensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nortmoor/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Nordtmorensis: Hermannus Gueneranus'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor'') (1653) ** [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') oppidum (2673) * Ager ad commune non pertinens: ** [[Lütje Hörn]] insula inhabitata ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Leer|circulum Lerensem}} [http://www.landkreis-leer.de Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lerensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] ct8txud99rw50ptcpx6fnu66kekxdzu 3993298 3993283 2026-10-06T23:37:05Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993298 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in LER.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Lerensi]] '''Circulus Lerensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Lerensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Leer'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Lerensis-e" ad [[Leri|Leros]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Leer''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Lier''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et ad annum [[1945]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit et deinde ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Leri]] est. == Historia == Ager circuli ab anno [[1815]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circulus conditus et anno [[1932]] circulo dissoluto Weener auctus est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Lerensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'') urbs (5175 incolae) * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'') (7566) * [[Gemmegum]]<ref name="Gemmegum">Vide ''Giminghem - der alte Name von Jemgum'' Gerhardi Kronsweide; ubi dicitur "(...) '''Mittelalterliche urkundliche und einige neuzeitliche Nennungen von Jemgum''' (...) Gemmegum (Urkunde in lateinisch) (...) Gommegum (lat.) (...) Gemghum (lat.) (...) Gemmyngum (lat.) (...) Jemgum (Ubbo Emmius, lat.) (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jemgum'') (3597) * [[Leri]] (33.891, caput circuli) * [[Moormerlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Moormerland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Moormerlound'') (sedes administrationis [[Palus Warsingana]]<ref name="Palus Warsingana">Theodiscum anthroponymicum praefixum casu genetivo ''Warsings-'' Latino adiectivo "Warsinganus-a-um" et [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/germanistischewoerterbuecher/altsaechsischeswoerterbuch/asF.pdf Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> -Theodisce ''Warsingsfehn''-, 22.667) * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] (10.750) * [[Rhauderfehn]] (sedes: Westrhauderfehn, 17.162) * [[Uplengen]] (sedes: Remels, 11.503) * [[Weener]], oppidum (15.430) * [[Westoverledingen]] (sedes: Ihrhove, 20.036) * [[Hasla (commune generale)|Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') commune generale (10.595) ** [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'') (700) ** [[Firrel]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'') (816) ** [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') (sedes administrationis, 4520) ** [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'') (2260) ** [[Nova Palus Campensis]]<ref name="Neu">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Neu?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum adiectivum aut praefixum ''Neu(-)'' Latino adiectivo "novus-a-um"] vertitur.</ref><ref name="campensis">Theodiscum interfixum ''-kamper-'' Latino gentilicio "campensis-e" vertitur, quod ad vocabulum "campus-i" (Theodisce ''Kamp'') refertur. Revera, [https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum lexemate ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref><ref name="-fehn">Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neukamperfehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeikamperfehn'') (1594) ** [[Schwerinsdorf]] (705) * [[Iummium (commune generale)|Iummium]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jümme'') commune generale (6420) ** [[Filsum]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'') sedes administraionis (2094) ** [[Nordtmor]]<ref name="Nordtmor">Hoc Latinum toponymum regressive derivatur Latino e gentilicio "Nordtmorensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nortmoor/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Nordtmorensis: Hermannus Gueneranus'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor'') (1653) ** [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') oppidum (2673) * Ager ad commune non pertinens: ** [[Lütje Hörn]] insula inhabitata ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Leer|circulum Lerensem}} [http://www.landkreis-leer.de Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lerensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] 9gaz3mwx3ixtvati75on2w9x4ywbuds Institutum Carolinum 0 247370 3993154 3836457 2026-10-06T12:15:39Z IacobusAmor 1163 3993154 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Institutum Carolinum''' ([[Suecice]] ''Karolinska institutet'') est [[universitas]] [[medicina]]lis{{dubsig}} [[Suecia|Suecica]], a [[Carolus XIII (rex Sueciae)|Carolo XIII]] [[monarchia Sueciae|rege]] anno [[1810]] conditum. Sedes instituti [[Holmia]]e est. Omnium [[universitas madicinalis|universitatum medicinalium]]{{dubsig}} maxima est. Inter alumnos numerantur [[Ulf von Euler]], [[Thomas Lindahl]], [[Hugo Theorell]], [[Torsten Nicolaus Wiesel]]. == Nexus externi == *[http://ki.se/ Situs interretialis universitatis proprius.] [[Categoria:Constituta 1810]] [[Categoria:Holmia]] [[Categoria:Universitates Sueciae]] m2v0mdapetusxswgeilsww74x5a8l0k Monasterium Villare 0 248478 3993151 3698604 2026-10-06T12:10:41Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Montivilliers]] ad [[Monasterium Villare]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3698604 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Montivilliers_-_Mairie.jpg |thumb|250 px|Montivilliers: [[curia municipalis]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 76447.png|250 px|left|thumb|Montivilliers: communis tabula]] '''Montivilliers''' est [[urbs]] et [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 16'243 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sequana Maritima|Sequanae Maritimae]] in regione [[Normannia Superior]]i (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Normannia (regio Franciae)|Normannia]]). == Coniunctio communium == Ab anno [[1963]] Montivilliers cum [[Northornon]] ([[Saxonia Inferior]]) coniunctum est. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sequanae Maritimae|Indicem communium praefecturae Sequanae Maritimae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Montivilliers|Montivilliers}} * {{INSEE commune|76447|de=Montivilliers}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=23596 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] * [http://www.ville-montivilliers.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sequanae Maritimae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sequanae maritimae]] dzyt0rnwhpm6rks4urn1f01uocllmly 3993155 3993151 2026-10-06T12:16:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993155 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Montivilliers_-_Mairie.jpg |thumb|250 px|Monasterium Villare: [[curia municipalis]].]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 76447.png|250 px|left|thumb|Monasterium Villare: communis tabula.]] '''Monasterium Villare'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> seu '''Villare Monasterium'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Montivillarium'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> seu '''Villare in pago Caltino'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> ([[Francice]] ''Montivilliers'') est [[urbs]] et [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 16'243 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Sequana Maritima|Sequanae Maritimae]] in regione [[Normannia Superior]]i (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Normannia (regio Franciae)|Normannia]]). == Coniunctio communium == Ab anno [[1963]] Monasterium Villare cum [[Northorna]] ([[Saxonia Inferior]]) coniunctum est. ==Notae== <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Sequanae Maritimae|Indicem communium praefecturae Sequanae Maritimae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Montivilliers|Montivilliers}} * {{INSEE commune|76447|de=Montivilliers}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=23596 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr] * [http://www.ville-montivilliers.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Sequanae Maritimae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Sequanae maritimae]] cp0fnh443hzpu9t052m75qgnu5b4nbb Hasla (commune generale) 0 254455 3993291 3984626 2026-10-06T23:24:02Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993291 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Hasla'''<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') est commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Lerensis|Circulo Lerensi]]. == Historia == Die [[17 Ianuarii]] [[1972]] Hasla commune generale constitutum est. E communibus [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'') (700 incolae), [[Firrel]]e ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'') (816), [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') (4520), [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'') (2260), [[Nova Palus Campensis|Nova Palude Campensi]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="campensis">Theodiscum interfixum ''-kamper-'' Latino gentilicio "campensis-e" vertitur, quod ad vocabulum "campus-i" (Theodisce ''Kamp'') refertur. Revera, [https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum lexemate ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref><ref name="-fehn">Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neukamperfehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeikamperfehn'') (1594) atque [[Schwerinsdorf]] (705) constat. In Hesel sedes administrationis est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Hesel|Haslam}} * [http://www.hesel.de Pagina communis generalis Halae (Theodisce)] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1972]] qqufgr98n6zax057reegihh5qv4ug8v 3993292 3993291 2026-10-06T23:25:14Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993292 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Hasla'''<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') est commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Lerensis|Circulo Lerensi]]. == Historia == Die [[17 Ianuarii]] [[1972]] Hasla commune generale constitutum est. E communibus [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'') (700 incolae), [[Firrel]]e ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'') (816), [[Hasla]]<ref name="Hasla">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hesel/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Der früheste schriftliche Beleg für den Ort findet sich als ''Hasla'' in einem Urbar der Abtei Werden, das sich auf das 10. Jh. datieren lässt (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Hesel'') (4520), [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'') (2260), [[Nova Palus Campensis|Nova Palude Campensi]]<ref name="Neu">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Neu?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum adiectivum aut praefixum ''Neu(-)'' Latino adiectivo "novus-a-um"] vertitur.</ref><ref name="campensis">Theodiscum interfixum ''-kamper-'' Latino gentilicio "campensis-e" vertitur, quod ad vocabulum "campus-i" (Theodisce ''Kamp'') refertur. Revera, [https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum lexemate ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref><ref name="-fehn">Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neukamperfehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeikamperfehn'') (1594) atque [[Schwerinsdorf]] (705) constat. In Hesel sedes administrationis est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Hesel|Haslam}} * [http://www.hesel.de Pagina communis generalis Halae (Theodisce)] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1972]] mt6o3g9zn5oupc3adkrve8tnxlu0ehh Iummium (commune generale) 0 254469 3993279 3981690 2026-10-06T22:43:35Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993279 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Iummium'''<ref name="Egg"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jümme'') est commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Lerensis|Circulo Lerensi]]. == Historia == Anno [[1973]] Iummium commune constitutum est. Ex oppido [[Teuderium|Teuderio]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') (2.693 incolae), quod e vicis [[Amdorfium|Amdorfio]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Amdorf''), [[Barge (Teuderium)|Bargi]]<ref name="Egg"/> (Theodisce ''Barge''), [[Novoburgum (Teuderium)|Novoburgo]]<ref name="Ben">Beninga, E. (1723). ''Chronicon Frisiae Orientalis: Est Res Gestas Frisonum et Saxonum Describens''. Traductum in Latinum.</ref> (Theodisce ''Neuburg''), [[Stickhusium|Stickhusio]]<ref name="Meijer 1702">Meijer, G. (1702). ''Annales Frisiae Orientalis: ab anno Christi 1500 ad annum 1700''. Typis Korte.</ref> (Theodisce ''Stickhausen'') atque [[Velde|Veldi]]<ref name="Egg">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> (Theodisce ''Velde'') constat; et communibus [[Filsum|Filso]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'') (2.084), quod e vicis [[Ammersum|Ammerso]], [[Brückenfehn]]e, [[Busboomsfehn]]e, [[Lammertsfehn]]e atque [[Stallbruggerfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> constat, atque [[Nordtmor]]e<ref name="Nordtmor">Hoc Latinum toponymum regressive derivatur Latino e gentilicio "Nordtmorensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nortmoor/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Nordtmorensis: Hermannus Gueneranus'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor'') (1.676) constat. [[Filsum|Filsi]] sedes administrationis est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Jümme|Iummium}} * [http://www.juemme.de Pagina communis generalis Iummii (lingua Theodisca)] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Juemme}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1973]] m46xh1y57fvqnxunwuucaoo679k9oz6 3993280 3993279 2026-10-06T22:44:23Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 /* Historia */ 3993280 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Iummium'''<ref name="Egg"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Jümme'') est commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Lerensis|Circulo Lerensi]]. == Historia == Anno [[1973]] Iummium commune constitutum est. Ex oppido [[Teuderium|Teuderio]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') (2.693 incolae), quod e vicis [[Amdorfium|Amdorfio]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Amdorf''), [[Barge (Teuderium)|Bargi]]<ref name="Egg"/> (Theodisce ''Barge''), [[Novoburgum (Teuderium)|Novoburgo]]<ref name="Ben">Beninga, E. (1723). ''Chronicon Frisiae Orientalis: Est Res Gestas Frisonum et Saxonum Describens''. Traductum in Latinum.</ref> (Theodisce ''Neuburg''), [[Stickhusium|Stickhusio]]<ref name="Meijer 1702">Meijer, G. (1702). ''Annales Frisiae Orientalis: ab anno Christi 1500 ad annum 1700''. Typis Korte.</ref> (Theodisce ''Stickhausen'') atque [[Velde|Veldi]]<ref name="Egg">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> (Theodisce ''Velde'') constat; et communibus [[Filsum|Filso]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'') (2.084), quod e vicis [[Ammersum|Ammerso]], [[Brückenfehn]]e, [[Busboomsfehn]]e, [[Lammertsfehn]]e atque [[Stallbruggerfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> constat, atque [[Nordtmor]]e<ref name="Nordtmor">Hoc Latinum toponymum regressive derivatur Latino e gentilicio "Nordtmorensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nortmoor/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Nordtmorensis: Hermannus Gueneranus'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor'') (1.676) constat. [[Filsum|Filsi]] sedes administrationis est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Jümme|Iummium}} * [http://www.juemme.de Pagina communis generalis Iummii (lingua Theodisca)] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Juemme}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1973]] mejmgjsft289bsikrnn5vupxsdbbxop Teuderium 0 254590 3993281 3980112 2026-10-06T22:46:00Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Stickhausen Burgturm 1.JPG|thumb|left|Turris Castelli Stickhusii.]] [[Fasciculus:ChurchDetern.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sanctorum Stephani et Bartholomaei.]] '''Teuderium'''<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') est oppidum [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]] est. Ad oppidum Teuderium etiam vici [[Amdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Amdorf''), [[Barge (Teuderium)|Barge]]<ref name="Egg"/> (Theodisce ''Barge''), [[Novoburgum (Teuderium)|Novoburgum]]<ref name="Ben">Beninga, E. (1723). ''Chronicon Frisiae Orientalis: Est Res Gestas Frisonum et Saxonum Describens''. Traductum in Latinum.</ref> (Theodisce ''Neuburg''), [[Stickhusium]]<ref name="Meijer 1702">Meijer, G. (1702). ''Annales Frisiae Orientalis: ab anno Christi 1500 ad annum 1700''. Typis Korte.</ref> (Theodisce ''Stickhausen'') atque [[Velde]]<ref name="Egg">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> (Theodisce ''Velde'') pertinent. Ab anno [[1973]] Teuderium cum aliis communibus ad commune generale [[Iummium (commune generale)|Iummium]] pertinet. == Historia == Olim regio pars [[Frisia orientalis|Frisiae Orientalis]] fuit. Die [[27 Septembris]] [[1426]] hic [[Pugna apud Teuderium]] de libertate Frisiae Orientalis pugnata est<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190309111236/http://www.klausdede.de/index.php?content=weserundjade&sub=10 klausdede.de]</ref>. Annis [[1744]] - [[1806]] Teuderium ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1752]] Teuderium nomine "Dedarden" vel "Detarden" nominatum est. Teuderium ab anno 1806 deinde ad [[Nederlandia]]m, annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] Teuderium [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditum est, quod anno [[1866]] a Borussia occupatum est. Ab anno [[1885]] Teuderium ad circulum Lerensem pertinet et ab anno [[1946]] vici regionis ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinent. Post [[Bellum mundanum secundum|Bellum Mundanum Secundum]] multi homines ex oriente Germaniae fugati in hac regione novam patriam invenerunt. Anno [[1973]] Teuderium cum communibus [[Filsum|Filso]] et [[Nordtmor]]e ad commune generale Iummium coniunxit. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Detern|Teuderium}} * [http://www.detern.de/ Pagina officialis communis Teuderii] == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] l1prtmobb9a90xnl0hwbsl8q6otwc56 Nordtmor 0 254620 3993272 3980107 2026-10-06T21:56:14Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Nortmoor]] ad [[Nordtmor]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3980107 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:ChurchNortmoor.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Georgii in Nortmoor]] '''Nortmoor''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]] est. Ad commune Nortmoor etiam vici Brunn, Heide, Plaggenburg, Pillkamp atque Terwisch pertinent. Ab anno [[1973]] Nortmoor cum aliis communibus ad commune generale [[Iummium (commune generale)|Iummium]] pertinet. == Historia == Anno [[1411]] Nortmoor primo in actis descriptum est. Olim regio pars [[Frisia orientalis|Frisiae Orientalis]] fuit. Anno [[1637]] - inter [[Bellum triginta annorum]] et epidemia pestis - vicus Nortmoor secundam partem incolarum amist. Annis [[1744]] - [[1806]] Nortmoor ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Nortmoor ab anno 1806 deinde ad [[Nederlandia]]m, annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] Nortmoor [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditum est, quod anno [[1866]] a Borussia occupatum est. Ab anno [[1885]] Nortmoor ad circulum Lerensem pertinet et ab anno [[1946]] vici regionis ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinent. Post [[Bellum mundanum secundum|Bellum Mundanum Secundum]] multi homines ex oriente Germaniae fugati in hac regione novam patriam invenerunt. Anno [[1973]] Nortmoor cum communi [[Filsum|Filso]] et oppido [[Teuderium|Teuderio]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') ad commune generale Iummium se coniunxit. Die [[10 Novembris]] [[2011]] Uwe Fecht (SPD) novus magister civium Nortmoor electus est<ref>[http://www.ga-online.de/-news/artikel/49986/Ueberraschung-im-Nortmoorer-Rat ga-online.de die 10 Novembris 2011]</ref>. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} * [http://www.nortmoor.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Iummii] == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] plurpjglst42neqmgb974r0vvqd1w82 3993274 3993272 2026-10-06T22:02:04Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993274 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:ChurchNortmoor.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Georgii Nordtmorensis.]] '''Nordtmor'''<ref name="Nordtmor">Hoc Latinum toponymum regressive derivatur Latino e gentilicio "Nordtmorensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nortmoor/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Nordtmorensis: Hermannus Gueneranus'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]] est. Ad commune Nordtmorem etiam vici Brunn, Heide, Plaggenburg, Pillkamp atque Terwisch pertinent. Ab anno [[1973]] Nordtmor cum aliis communibus ad commune generale [[Iummium (commune generale)|Iummium]] pertinet. == Historia == Anno [[1411]] Nordtmor primo in actis descriptus est. Olim regio pars [[Frisia orientalis|Frisiae Orientalis]] fuit. Anno [[1637]] - inter [[Bellum triginta annorum]] et epidemiam pestis - Nordtmor dimidiam partem incolarum amisit. Annis [[1744]] - [[1806]] Nordtmor ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Nordtmor ab anno 1806 deinde ad [[Nederlandia]]m, annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] Nordtmor [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditus est, quod anno [[1866]] a Borussia occupatum est. Ab anno [[1885]] Nordtmor ad circulum Lerensem pertinet et ab anno [[1946]] vici regionis ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinent. Post [[Bellum mundanum secundum|Bellum Mundanum Secundum]] multi homines ex oriente Germaniae fugati in hac regione novam patriam invenerunt. Anno [[1973]] Nordtmor cum communi [[Filsum|Filso]] et oppido [[Teuderium|Teuderio]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') ad commune generale Iummium se coniunxit. Die [[10 Novembris]] [[2011]] Uwe Fecht (SPD) novus magister civium Nordtmoris electus est<ref>[http://www.ga-online.de/-news/artikel/49986/Ueberraschung-im-Nortmoorer-Rat ga-online.de die 10 Novembris 2011]</ref>. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Nortmoor|Nordtmorem}} * [http://www.nortmoor.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Iummii] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] eixrhgaqwslwwm8dz30px109h3uccfa 3993277 3993274 2026-10-06T22:39:26Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993277 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:ChurchNortmoor.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Georgii Nordtmorensis.]] '''Nordtmor'''<ref name="Nordtmor">Hoc Latinum toponymum regressive derivatur Latino e gentilicio "Nordtmorensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nortmoor/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Nordtmorensis: Hermannus Gueneranus'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]] est. Ad commune Nordtmorem etiam vici [[Ericetum (Nordtmor)|Ericetum]]<ref name="Ericetum">[https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=MeckWB&lemid=H01756 Theodiscum toponymicum vocabulum ''Heide'' Latino nomine "Ericetum-i" vertitur.]</ref> (Theodisce ''Heide''), [[Nordtmor]]<ref name="Nordtmor"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor''), [[Plaggenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Plaggenburg''), [[Pillcampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> (Theodisce ''Pillkamp''), [[Prunna (Nordtmor)|Prunna]]<ref name="Prunna">Theodiscum toponymum ''Brunn'' in Latinam "Prunna-ae" verti solet. V.gr. confer "Prunnas" apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Brunn'') atque [[Wiscun]]<ref name="Wiscun">Vide [https://bouwstoffen.kantl.be/tw/query/?arr=14&utm ''Bouwstoffen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Terwisch (facs.) [ Terwisch : Au : Ns ] UUiscun (zweif. ident.) (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Terwisch'') pertinent. Ab anno [[1973]] Nordtmor cum aliis communibus ad commune generale [[Iummium (commune generale)|Iummium]] pertinet. == Historia == Anno [[1411]] Nordtmor primo in actis descriptus est. Olim regio pars [[Frisia orientalis|Frisiae Orientalis]] fuit. Anno [[1637]] - inter [[Bellum triginta annorum]] et epidemiam pestis - Nordtmor dimidiam partem incolarum amisit. Annis [[1744]] - [[1806]] Nordtmor ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Nordtmor ab anno 1806 deinde ad [[Nederlandia]]m, annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] Nordtmor [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditus est, quod anno [[1866]] a Borussia occupatum est. Ab anno [[1885]] Nordtmor ad circulum Lerensem pertinet et ab anno [[1946]] vici regionis ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinent. Post [[Bellum mundanum secundum|Bellum Mundanum Secundum]] multi homines ex oriente Germaniae fugati in hac regione novam patriam invenerunt. Anno [[1973]] Nordtmor cum communi [[Filsum|Filso]] et oppido [[Teuderium|Teuderio]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') ad commune generale Iummium se coniunxit. Die [[10 Novembris]] [[2011]] Uwe Fecht (SPD) novus magister civium Nordtmoris electus est<ref>[http://www.ga-online.de/-news/artikel/49986/Ueberraschung-im-Nortmoorer-Rat ga-online.de die 10 Novembris 2011]</ref>. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Nortmoor|Nordtmorem}} * [http://www.nortmoor.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Iummii] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] j18s6pigzt367x0ufrpabcj0cpkt74b 3993278 3993277 2026-10-06T22:40:22Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993278 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:ChurchNortmoor.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Georgii Nordtmorensis.]] '''Nordtmor'''<ref name="Nordtmor">Hoc Latinum toponymum regressive derivatur Latino e gentilicio "Nordtmorensis-e". Quo de gentilicio, vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/nortmoor/ ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Nordtmorensis: Hermannus Gueneranus'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]] est. Ad commune Nordtmorem etiam vici [[Ericetum (Nordtmor)|Ericetum]]<ref name="Ericetum">[https://woerterbuchnetz.de/?sigle=MeckWB&lemid=H01756 Theodiscum toponymicum vocabulum ''Heide'' Latino nomine "Ericetum-i" vertitur.]</ref> (Theodisce ''Heide''), [[Nordtmor (caput communis)|Nordtmor]]<ref name="Nordtmor"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nortmoor''), [[Plaggenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Plaggenburg''), [[Pillcampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> (Theodisce ''Pillkamp''), [[Prunna (Nordtmor)|Prunna]]<ref name="Prunna">Theodiscum toponymum ''Brunn'' in Latinam "Prunna-ae" verti solet. V.gr. confer "Prunnas" apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> (Theodisce ''Brunn'') atque [[Wiscun]]<ref name="Wiscun">Vide [https://bouwstoffen.kantl.be/tw/query/?arr=14&utm ''Bouwstoffen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Terwisch (facs.) [ Terwisch : Au : Ns ] UUiscun (zweif. ident.) (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Terwisch'') pertinent. Ab anno [[1973]] Nordtmor cum aliis communibus ad commune generale [[Iummium (commune generale)|Iummium]] pertinet. == Historia == Anno [[1411]] Nordtmor primo in actis descriptus est. Olim regio pars [[Frisia orientalis|Frisiae Orientalis]] fuit. Anno [[1637]] - inter [[Bellum triginta annorum]] et epidemiam pestis - Nordtmor dimidiam partem incolarum amisit. Annis [[1744]] - [[1806]] Nordtmor ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Nordtmor ab anno 1806 deinde ad [[Nederlandia]]m, annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] Nordtmor [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditus est, quod anno [[1866]] a Borussia occupatum est. Ab anno [[1885]] Nordtmor ad circulum Lerensem pertinet et ab anno [[1946]] vici regionis ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinent. Post [[Bellum mundanum secundum|Bellum Mundanum Secundum]] multi homines ex oriente Germaniae fugati in hac regione novam patriam invenerunt. Anno [[1973]] Nordtmor cum communi [[Filsum|Filso]] et oppido [[Teuderium|Teuderio]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'') ad commune generale Iummium se coniunxit. Die [[10 Novembris]] [[2011]] Uwe Fecht (SPD) novus magister civium Nordtmoris electus est<ref>[http://www.ga-online.de/-news/artikel/49986/Ueberraschung-im-Nortmoorer-Rat ga-online.de die 10 Novembris 2011]</ref>. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Nortmoor|Nordtmorem}} * [http://www.nortmoor.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Iummii] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] aji7od16pxex4fjkry0guisa51ba49z Firrel 0 254667 3993294 3984628 2026-10-06T23:30:15Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993294 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:ChurchFirrelBapt.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia [[Baptistae|Baptistarum]] Firrelensis.]] '''Firrel''' ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]] est. Ab anno [[1972]] Firrel cum aliis communibus ad commune generale [[Hasla (commune generale)|Haslam]] pertinet. == Historia == Anno [[1762]] Firrel colonia in palude condita est. Hoc tempore ([[1744]] - [[1806]]) haec regio ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Firrel ab anno 1806 deinde ad [[Nederlandia]]m, annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] Firrel [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditum est, quod anno [[1866]] a Borussia occupatum est. Anno [[1865]] hic communitas [[Baptistae|Baptistarum]] condita est. Ab anno [[1885]] Firrel ad circulum Lerensem pertinet et ab anno [[1946]] Saxoniam Inferiorem. Post [[Bellum mundanum secundum|Bellum Mundanum Secundum]] multi homines ex oriente Germaniae fugati in hac regione novam patriam invenerunt. Anno [[1973]] Firrel cum communibus [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum''), [[Hasla]], [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland''), [[Nova Palus Campensis|Nova Palude Campensi]]<ref name="Neu"/><ref name="campensis">Theodiscum interfixum ''-kamper-'' Latino gentilicio "campensis-e" vertitur, quod ad vocabulum "campus-i" (Theodisce ''Kamp'') refertur. Revera, [https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum lexemate ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref><ref name="-fehn">Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neukamperfehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeikamperfehn'') atque [[Schwerinsdorf]] ad commune generale Haslam se coniunxit<ref>[http://www.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/BIBLIOTHEK/HOO/HOO_Firrel.pdf de Firrel communis historia apud ostfriesischelandschaft.de]</ref>. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} * [http://www.hesel.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Haslae] == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] [[Categoria:Condita 1762]] o5l9sed6lc93ylhmxlpl7k2l9h54f2v 3993296 3993294 2026-10-06T23:31:00Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993296 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:ChurchFirrelBapt.JPG|thumb|left|Ecclesia [[Baptistae|Baptistarum]] Firrelensis.]] '''Firrel''' ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]] est. Ab anno [[1972]] Firrel cum aliis communibus ad commune generale [[Hasla (commune generale)|Haslam]] pertinet. == Historia == Anno [[1762]] Firrel colonia in palude condita est. Hoc tempore ([[1744]] - [[1806]]) haec regio ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Firrel ab anno 1806 deinde ad [[Nederlandia]]m, annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] Firrel [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditum est, quod anno [[1866]] a Borussia occupatum est. Anno [[1865]] hic communitas [[Baptistae|Baptistarum]] condita est. Ab anno [[1885]] Firrel ad circulum Lerensem pertinet et ab anno [[1946]] Saxoniam Inferiorem. Post [[Bellum mundanum secundum|Bellum Mundanum Secundum]] multi homines ex oriente Germaniae fugati in hac regione novam patriam invenerunt. Anno [[1973]] Firrel cum communibus [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum''), [[Hasla]], [[Holtlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland''), [[Nova Palus Campensis|Nova Palude Campensi]]<ref name="Neu">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Neu?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum adiectivum aut praefixum ''Neu(-)'' Latino adiectivo "novus-a-um"] vertitur.</ref><ref name="campensis">Theodiscum interfixum ''-kamper-'' Latino gentilicio "campensis-e" vertitur, quod ad vocabulum "campus-i" (Theodisce ''Kamp'') refertur. Revera, [https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum lexemate ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref><ref name="-fehn">Theodiscum suffixum ''-fehn'' Latino nomine "palus paludis" (f.)] vertitur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Neukamperfehn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neeikamperfehn'') atque [[Schwerinsdorf]] ad commune generale Haslam se coniunxit<ref>[http://www.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/BIBLIOTHEK/HOO/HOO_Firrel.pdf de Firrel communis historia apud ostfriesischelandschaft.de]</ref>. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} * [http://www.hesel.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Haslae] == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] [[Categoria:Condita 1762]] 1809p5mm4tggqniiebppypf5yd2yilo Holtlandia 0 254721 3993297 3985457 2026-10-06T23:35:16Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:MühleHoltland.jpg|thumb|left|Molina Nederlandica Holtlandiae.]] '''Holtlandia'''<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Holtland'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]] est. Ab anno [[1972]] Holtlandia cum aliis communibus ad commune generale [[Hasla (commune generale)|Haslam]] pertinet. Pars communis Holtlandiae etiam vici [[Holtlandia (vicus)|Holtlandia]] (Theodisce ''Holtland''), [[Nucka Holtlandiensis]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref><ref name="Holtlandiensis">Latinum gentilicium "Holtlandiensis-e" ad Holtlandiam (Theodisce ''Holtland'') refertur; ergo Theodiscum toponymum ''Holtland'' vertit.</ref> (Theodisce ''Holtland-Nücke'') et [[Siebestochium]]<ref name="-stock">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-stock'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-stochium-ii". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-stock''' : -''stochium'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Siebestock'') sunt. == Historia == Annis ([[1744]] - [[1806]]) haec regio ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Holtlandia ab anno 1806 deinde ad [[Nederlandia]]m, annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] Holtlandia ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]] tradita est, quod anno [[1866]] a Borussia occupatum est. Ab anno [[1885]] Holtlandia ad circulum Lerensem pertinet et ab anno [[1946]] Saxoniam Inferiorem. Post [[Bellum mundanum secundum|Bellum Mundanum Secundum]] multi homines ex oriente Germaniae fugati in hac regione novam patriam invenerunt. Anno [[1972]] Holtlandia cum communibus [[Brincama]], [[Hasla]], [[Firrel]]e, [[Nova Palus Campensis|Nova Palude Campensi]] atque [[Schwerinsdorf]] ad commune generale Haslam se coniunxit<ref>[http://www.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/BIBLIOTHEK/HOO/HOO_Holtland.pdf de Holtland communis historia apud ostfriesischelandschaft.de]</ref>. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Holtland|Holtlandiam}} * [http://www.hesel.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Haslae] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] 9mafduntjd5ac6jposdswbn1yhkt4lb Schwerinsdorf 0 254723 3993293 3984627 2026-10-06T23:26:33Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993293 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:DorfschuleSchwerinsdorf.jpg|thumb|left|Schola antiqua Schwerinsdorf]] '''Schwerinsdorf''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Lerensis|Circuli Lerensis]] est. Cum aliis communibus ad commune generale [[Hasla (commune generale)|Haslam]] anno [[1972]] conditum pertinet. == Historia == Annis ([[1744]] - [[1806]]) haec regio ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1802]] nova colonia paludis hic condita est et "Schwerinsdorf" (Latine "Suerini vicus") a Friderico Augusto Leopoldo Carolo de Schwerin, tum praeses pagi Frisiae Orientalis, nominata est. Ab anno 1806 Schwerinsdorf deinde ad [[Nederlandia]]m, annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] regio communis [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditum est, quod anno [[1866]] a Borussia occupatum est. Ab anno [[1885]] Schwerinsdorf ad circulum Lerensem pertinet et ab anno ambo [[1946]] Saxoniam Inferiorem. Post [[Bellum mundanum secundum|Bellum Mundanum Secundum]] multi homines ex oriente Germaniae fugati in hac regione novam patriam invenerunt. Anno [[1972]] Schwerinsdorf cum communibus [[Brincama]], [[Hasla]], [[Firrel]]e, [[Holtlandia]] atque [[Nova Palus Campensis|Nova Palude Campensi]] ad commune generale Haslam se coniunxerunt<ref>[http://www.ostfriesischelandschaft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/BIBLIOTHEK/HOO/HOO_Schwerinsdorf.pdf OstfriesischeLandschaft.de de vico Schwerinsdorf]</ref>. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} * [http://www.hesel.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Haslae] == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Frisia orientalis]] [[Categoria:Condita 1802]] p5m8z8xi3rs17yrhkct13xgxp6i60mg Northorna 0 254891 3993164 3937229 2026-10-06T12:47:27Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993164 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Nordhorn_Ev.ref.Kirche_Am_Markt.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Luderi.]] [[Fasciculus:Ehemaliges Rathaus Nordhorn3.JPG|thumb|left|Curia vetus urbis Northornae.]] '''Northorna'''<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> (Germanice ''Nordhorn'') est urbs [[Germania|Germanicus]] in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e sita atque [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Ad urbem et vici [[Bymalta]]<ref name="NOB XV">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/3014/NOB%20XV%20Grafschaft%20Bentheim.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB XV Grafschaft Bentheim''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''decimam totius ville Bymalte'' (...) ''Adolfus de Brantelghete'' (...) '' de Hersebrůca'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bimolten'') (251 incolae), [[Bookholtia]]<ref name="-holtia-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-holz'' seu ''-holt'' seu ''-hout'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-holtia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, quamquam [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''] solum dicit "(...) -holz : -''holtia'' (...)", situs interretialis [https://www.etymonline.com/word/hilt ''Etymonline''] "Old English ''holt'' "woods, forest, grove, thicket," common in place names, from Proto-Germanic *''hultam-'' (source also of Old Frisian, Old Norse, Middle Dutch ''holt'', Dutch ''hout'', German ''Holz'' "a wood, wood as timber")" aseverat. Ergo, quia suffixa ''-holt'' et ''-hout'' variationes suffixi ''-holz'' sunt, omnia haec suffixa etiam verti Latine suffixo "-holtia-ae".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bookholt'') (685), [[Brantelghete]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Brandlecht'') (921), [[Hersebruca]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Hestrup'') (295), [[Hesepa]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Hesepe'') (281), [[Hohenkorba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Nieder">Theodiscum praefixum ''Nieder-'' Latino adiectivo "inferior-ius" vertitur. V.gr., cf. [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniam Inferiorem]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Hohenkörben'') (107), [[Klausheida]]<ref name="-e"/> (Theodisce ''Klausheide'') (1.469) atque [[Northorna (caput urbis)|Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893"> (Theodisce ''Nordhorn'') (49.394) pertinent. == Historia == Circa annum [[800]] Ludgerus episcopus primam ecclesiam urbis aedificavit, anno [[900]] Northorna primo in actis descripta est<ref>[http://www.nordhorn.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=58 Historia oppidi in pagina officiali Northornae]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Ab anno [[1160]] Northorna ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit et usque ad annum [[1753]] mansit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes Northornae cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] Northorna ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo, Northornae pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat. Anno [[1945]] [[Regnum Unitum|Britannici]] magistratus, qui hanc partem Germaniae occupaverunt, caput circuli Northornae transtulerunt, quod in media parte regionis situm est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1974]] vici supra dicti ad Northornam adiuncti sunt. Ab anno [[2011]] Thomas Berling ([[SPD]]) magister civium electus est. ==Religio== 22,5% Northornensium [[Catholicismus|catholici]] sunt, 19,4% [[Ecclesiae Reformatae|reformati]], 13,8% [[Lutheranismus|lutherani]], 1,7% antiqui-reformati. Aliis Northornensibus religio non est. == Cives clari == *Bernhard Rawe (*1864, † 1950), possessor societatis textilis, cives honoratus civitatis Northornae. * Bernhard Brink (*1952), cantor. * [[Maria-Ludovica Dött]] (*1953), rerum politicarum perita factionis [[CDU]]. * Albert Stegemann (*1976), agricola et politicus fractionis [[CDU]]. == [[Coniunctio communium|Communia coniuncta]] == {| |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Netherlands.svg|20px|Nederlandia]]||[[Covordia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Batavice]] ''Coevorden''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of France.svg|20px|Francia]]|| [[Monasterium Villare]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Francice]] ''Montivilliers''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg |20px| Germania]]|| [[Reichenbachium Variscorum]]<ref name="Huldreich 1705">Huldreich, J. B. (1705). ''Miscellanea Tigurina: exhibentia eruditorum potissimum Tigurinorum elogia, ephemerides, et elenchos''. Typis Bodmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Reichenbach im Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Reichenbach''; [[Varisce]] ''Reignbach''), ex anno [[1989]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Poland.svg|20px|Polonia]]|| [[Mariaeburgum (Polonia)|Mariaeburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> (Polonice ''Malbork''), ex anno [[1995]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20px|Italia]]|| [[Reate]]<ref>[[Marcus Terentius Varro|Varro]], ''[[De re rustica (Varro)|Rust.]]'' 3.1.6; [[Livius]] 25.7; [[Gaius Plinius Secundus|Plinius]], ''[[Naturalis historia (Plinius)|Nat.]]'' 3.109.</ref> ([[Italice]] ''Rieti''), ex anno [[2010]] |} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Nordhorn|Northornam}} * [http://www.nordhorn.de/ Oppidi Northornae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [http://www.vvv-nordhorn.de/ Rei periegeticae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 8]] 4l7q1sf0e1wfign8vqf7byi5l1unicb 3993165 3993164 2026-10-06T12:47:56Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993165 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Nordhorn_Ev.ref.Kirche_Am_Markt.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Luderi.]] [[Fasciculus:Ehemaliges Rathaus Nordhorn3.JPG|thumb|left|Curia vetus urbis Northornae.]] '''Northorna'''<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Nordleda''; [[Saxonice]] ''De Lee'' seu ''Lee'') est urbs [[Germania|Germanicus]] in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e sita atque [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Ad urbem et vici [[Bymalta]]<ref name="NOB XV">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/3014/NOB%20XV%20Grafschaft%20Bentheim.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB XV Grafschaft Bentheim''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''decimam totius ville Bymalte'' (...) ''Adolfus de Brantelghete'' (...) '' de Hersebrůca'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bimolten'') (251 incolae), [[Bookholtia]]<ref name="-holtia-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-holz'' seu ''-holt'' seu ''-hout'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-holtia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, quamquam [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''] solum dicit "(...) -holz : -''holtia'' (...)", situs interretialis [https://www.etymonline.com/word/hilt ''Etymonline''] "Old English ''holt'' "woods, forest, grove, thicket," common in place names, from Proto-Germanic *''hultam-'' (source also of Old Frisian, Old Norse, Middle Dutch ''holt'', Dutch ''hout'', German ''Holz'' "a wood, wood as timber")" aseverat. Ergo, quia suffixa ''-holt'' et ''-hout'' variationes suffixi ''-holz'' sunt, omnia haec suffixa etiam verti Latine suffixo "-holtia-ae".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bookholt'') (685), [[Brantelghete]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Brandlecht'') (921), [[Hersebruca]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Hestrup'') (295), [[Hesepa]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Hesepe'') (281), [[Hohenkorba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Nieder">Theodiscum praefixum ''Nieder-'' Latino adiectivo "inferior-ius" vertitur. V.gr., cf. [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniam Inferiorem]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Hohenkörben'') (107), [[Klausheida]]<ref name="-e"/> (Theodisce ''Klausheide'') (1.469) atque [[Northorna (caput urbis)|Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893"> (Theodisce ''Nordhorn'') (49.394) pertinent. == Historia == Circa annum [[800]] Ludgerus episcopus primam ecclesiam urbis aedificavit, anno [[900]] Northorna primo in actis descripta est<ref>[http://www.nordhorn.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=58 Historia oppidi in pagina officiali Northornae]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Ab anno [[1160]] Northorna ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit et usque ad annum [[1753]] mansit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes Northornae cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] Northorna ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo, Northornae pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat. Anno [[1945]] [[Regnum Unitum|Britannici]] magistratus, qui hanc partem Germaniae occupaverunt, caput circuli Northornae transtulerunt, quod in media parte regionis situm est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1974]] vici supra dicti ad Northornam adiuncti sunt. Ab anno [[2011]] Thomas Berling ([[SPD]]) magister civium electus est. ==Religio== 22,5% Northornensium [[Catholicismus|catholici]] sunt, 19,4% [[Ecclesiae Reformatae|reformati]], 13,8% [[Lutheranismus|lutherani]], 1,7% antiqui-reformati. Aliis Northornensibus religio non est. == Cives clari == *Bernhard Rawe (*1864, † 1950), possessor societatis textilis, cives honoratus civitatis Northornae. * Bernhard Brink (*1952), cantor. * [[Maria-Ludovica Dött]] (*1953), rerum politicarum perita factionis [[CDU]]. * Albert Stegemann (*1976), agricola et politicus fractionis [[CDU]]. == [[Coniunctio communium|Communia coniuncta]] == {| |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Netherlands.svg|20px|Nederlandia]]||[[Covordia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Batavice]] ''Coevorden''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of France.svg|20px|Francia]]|| [[Monasterium Villare]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Francice]] ''Montivilliers''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg |20px| Germania]]|| [[Reichenbachium Variscorum]]<ref name="Huldreich 1705">Huldreich, J. B. (1705). ''Miscellanea Tigurina: exhibentia eruditorum potissimum Tigurinorum elogia, ephemerides, et elenchos''. Typis Bodmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Reichenbach im Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Reichenbach''; [[Varisce]] ''Reignbach''), ex anno [[1989]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Poland.svg|20px|Polonia]]|| [[Mariaeburgum (Polonia)|Mariaeburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> (Polonice ''Malbork''), ex anno [[1995]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20px|Italia]]|| [[Reate]]<ref>[[Marcus Terentius Varro|Varro]], ''[[De re rustica (Varro)|Rust.]]'' 3.1.6; [[Livius]] 25.7; [[Gaius Plinius Secundus|Plinius]], ''[[Naturalis historia (Plinius)|Nat.]]'' 3.109.</ref> ([[Italice]] ''Rieti''), ex anno [[2010]] |} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Nordhorn|Northornam}} * [http://www.nordhorn.de/ Oppidi Northornae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [http://www.vvv-nordhorn.de/ Rei periegeticae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 8]] jk0mbmdfjnju43c34x5wk7u5wmzylgv 3993166 3993165 2026-10-06T12:48:25Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993166 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Nordhorn_Ev.ref.Kirche_Am_Markt.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Luderi.]] [[Fasciculus:Ehemaliges Rathaus Nordhorn3.JPG|thumb|left|Curia vetus urbis Northornae.]] '''Northorna'''<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Nordleda''; [[Saxonice]] ''De Lee'' seu ''Lee'') est urbs [[Germania|Germanicus]] in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e sita atque [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Ad urbem et vici [[Bymalta]]<ref name="NOB XV">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/3014/NOB%20XV%20Grafschaft%20Bentheim.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB XV Grafschaft Bentheim''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''decimam totius ville Bymalte'' (...) ''Adolfus de Brantelghete'' (...) '' de Hersebrůca'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bimolten'') (251 incolae), [[Bookholtia]]<ref name="-holtia-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-holz'' seu ''-holt'' seu ''-hout'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-holtia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, quamquam [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''] solum dicit "(...) -holz : -''holtia'' (...)", situs interretialis [https://www.etymonline.com/word/hilt ''Etymonline''] "Old English ''holt'' "woods, forest, grove, thicket," common in place names, from Proto-Germanic *''hultam-'' (source also of Old Frisian, Old Norse, Middle Dutch ''holt'', Dutch ''hout'', German ''Holz'' "a wood, wood as timber")" aseverat. Ergo, quia suffixa ''-holt'' et ''-hout'' variationes suffixi ''-holz'' sunt, omnia haec suffixa etiam verti Latine suffixo "-holtia-ae".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bookholt'') (685), [[Brantelghete]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Brandlecht'') (921), [[Hersebruca]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Hestrup'') (295), [[Hesepa]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Hesepe'') (281), [[Hohenkorba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Nieder">Theodiscum praefixum ''Nieder-'' Latino adiectivo "inferior-ius" vertitur. V.gr., cf. [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniam Inferiorem]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Hohenkörben'') (107), [[Klausheida]]<ref name="-e"/> (Theodisce ''Klausheide'') (1.469) atque [[Northorna (caput urbis)|Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> (Theodisce ''Nordhorn'') (49.394) pertinent. == Historia == Circa annum [[800]] Ludgerus episcopus primam ecclesiam urbis aedificavit, anno [[900]] Northorna primo in actis descripta est<ref>[http://www.nordhorn.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=58 Historia oppidi in pagina officiali Northornae]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Ab anno [[1160]] Northorna ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit et usque ad annum [[1753]] mansit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes Northornae cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] Northorna ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo, Northornae pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat. Anno [[1945]] [[Regnum Unitum|Britannici]] magistratus, qui hanc partem Germaniae occupaverunt, caput circuli Northornae transtulerunt, quod in media parte regionis situm est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1974]] vici supra dicti ad Northornam adiuncti sunt. Ab anno [[2011]] Thomas Berling ([[SPD]]) magister civium electus est. ==Religio== 22,5% Northornensium [[Catholicismus|catholici]] sunt, 19,4% [[Ecclesiae Reformatae|reformati]], 13,8% [[Lutheranismus|lutherani]], 1,7% antiqui-reformati. Aliis Northornensibus religio non est. == Cives clari == *Bernhard Rawe (*1864, † 1950), possessor societatis textilis, cives honoratus civitatis Northornae. * Bernhard Brink (*1952), cantor. * [[Maria-Ludovica Dött]] (*1953), rerum politicarum perita factionis [[CDU]]. * Albert Stegemann (*1976), agricola et politicus fractionis [[CDU]]. == [[Coniunctio communium|Communia coniuncta]] == {| |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Netherlands.svg|20px|Nederlandia]]||[[Covordia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Batavice]] ''Coevorden''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of France.svg|20px|Francia]]|| [[Monasterium Villare]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Francice]] ''Montivilliers''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg |20px| Germania]]|| [[Reichenbachium Variscorum]]<ref name="Huldreich 1705">Huldreich, J. B. (1705). ''Miscellanea Tigurina: exhibentia eruditorum potissimum Tigurinorum elogia, ephemerides, et elenchos''. Typis Bodmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Reichenbach im Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Reichenbach''; [[Varisce]] ''Reignbach''), ex anno [[1989]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Poland.svg|20px|Polonia]]|| [[Mariaeburgum (Polonia)|Mariaeburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> (Polonice ''Malbork''), ex anno [[1995]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20px|Italia]]|| [[Reate]]<ref>[[Marcus Terentius Varro|Varro]], ''[[De re rustica (Varro)|Rust.]]'' 3.1.6; [[Livius]] 25.7; [[Gaius Plinius Secundus|Plinius]], ''[[Naturalis historia (Plinius)|Nat.]]'' 3.109.</ref> ([[Italice]] ''Rieti''), ex anno [[2010]] |} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Nordhorn|Northornam}} * [http://www.nordhorn.de/ Oppidi Northornae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [http://www.vvv-nordhorn.de/ Rei periegeticae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 8]] 16mknrklvqoff3pc1ufz10cgfprqkp9 3993167 3993166 2026-10-06T12:49:09Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 /* Communia coniuncta */ 3993167 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Nordhorn_Ev.ref.Kirche_Am_Markt.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Luderi.]] [[Fasciculus:Ehemaliges Rathaus Nordhorn3.JPG|thumb|left|Curia vetus urbis Northornae.]] '''Northorna'''<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Nordleda''; [[Saxonice]] ''De Lee'' seu ''Lee'') est urbs [[Germania|Germanicus]] in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e sita atque [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Ad urbem et vici [[Bymalta]]<ref name="NOB XV">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/3014/NOB%20XV%20Grafschaft%20Bentheim.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB XV Grafschaft Bentheim''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''decimam totius ville Bymalte'' (...) ''Adolfus de Brantelghete'' (...) '' de Hersebrůca'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bimolten'') (251 incolae), [[Bookholtia]]<ref name="-holtia-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-holz'' seu ''-holt'' seu ''-hout'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-holtia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, quamquam [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''] solum dicit "(...) -holz : -''holtia'' (...)", situs interretialis [https://www.etymonline.com/word/hilt ''Etymonline''] "Old English ''holt'' "woods, forest, grove, thicket," common in place names, from Proto-Germanic *''hultam-'' (source also of Old Frisian, Old Norse, Middle Dutch ''holt'', Dutch ''hout'', German ''Holz'' "a wood, wood as timber")" aseverat. Ergo, quia suffixa ''-holt'' et ''-hout'' variationes suffixi ''-holz'' sunt, omnia haec suffixa etiam verti Latine suffixo "-holtia-ae".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bookholt'') (685), [[Brantelghete]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Brandlecht'') (921), [[Hersebruca]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Hestrup'') (295), [[Hesepa]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Hesepe'') (281), [[Hohenkorba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Nieder">Theodiscum praefixum ''Nieder-'' Latino adiectivo "inferior-ius" vertitur. V.gr., cf. [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniam Inferiorem]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Hohenkörben'') (107), [[Klausheida]]<ref name="-e"/> (Theodisce ''Klausheide'') (1.469) atque [[Northorna (caput urbis)|Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> (Theodisce ''Nordhorn'') (49.394) pertinent. == Historia == Circa annum [[800]] Ludgerus episcopus primam ecclesiam urbis aedificavit, anno [[900]] Northorna primo in actis descripta est<ref>[http://www.nordhorn.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=58 Historia oppidi in pagina officiali Northornae]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Ab anno [[1160]] Northorna ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit et usque ad annum [[1753]] mansit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes Northornae cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] Northorna ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo, Northornae pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat. Anno [[1945]] [[Regnum Unitum|Britannici]] magistratus, qui hanc partem Germaniae occupaverunt, caput circuli Northornae transtulerunt, quod in media parte regionis situm est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1974]] vici supra dicti ad Northornam adiuncti sunt. Ab anno [[2011]] Thomas Berling ([[SPD]]) magister civium electus est. ==Religio== 22,5% Northornensium [[Catholicismus|catholici]] sunt, 19,4% [[Ecclesiae Reformatae|reformati]], 13,8% [[Lutheranismus|lutherani]], 1,7% antiqui-reformati. Aliis Northornensibus religio non est. == Cives clari == *Bernhard Rawe (*1864, † 1950), possessor societatis textilis, cives honoratus civitatis Northornae. * Bernhard Brink (*1952), cantor. * [[Maria-Ludovica Dött]] (*1953), rerum politicarum perita factionis [[CDU]]. * Albert Stegemann (*1976), agricola et politicus fractionis [[CDU]]. == [[Coniunctio communium|Communia coniuncta]] == {| |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Netherlands.svg|20px|Nederlandia]]||[[Covordia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Batavice]] ''Coevorden''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of France.svg|20px|Francia]]|| [[Monasterium Villare]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Francice]] ''Montivilliers''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg |20px| Germania]]|| [[Reichenbachium Variscorum]]<ref name="Huldreich 1705">Huldreich, J. B. (1705). ''Miscellanea Tigurina: exhibentia eruditorum potissimum Tigurinorum elogia, ephemerides, et elenchos''. Typis Bodmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Reichenbach im Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Reichenbach''; [[Varisce]] ''Reignbach''), ex anno [[1989]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Poland.svg|20px|Polonia]]|| [[Mariaeburgum (Polonia)|Mariaeburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> ([[Polonice]] ''Malbork''), ex anno [[1995]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20px|Italia]]|| [[Reate]]<ref>[[Marcus Terentius Varro|Varro]], ''[[De re rustica (Varro)|Rust.]]'' 3.1.6; [[Livius]] 25.7; [[Gaius Plinius Secundus|Plinius]], ''[[Naturalis historia (Plinius)|Nat.]]'' 3.109.</ref> ([[Italice]] ''Rieti''), ex anno [[2010]] |} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Nordhorn|Northornam}} * [http://www.nordhorn.de/ Oppidi Northornae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [http://www.vvv-nordhorn.de/ Rei periegeticae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 8]] 1utt1dvocw5gbe7wtpvgivitgrfx413 3993168 3993167 2026-10-06T12:50:14Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993168 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Nordhorn_Ev.ref.Kirche_Am_Markt.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Luderi.]] [[Fasciculus:Ehemaliges Rathaus Nordhorn3.JPG|thumb|left|Curia vetus urbis Northornae.]] '''Northorna'''<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'') est urbs [[Germania|Germanicus]] in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e sita atque [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Ad urbem et vici [[Bymalta]]<ref name="NOB XV">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/3014/NOB%20XV%20Grafschaft%20Bentheim.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm ''NOB XV Grafschaft Bentheim''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''decimam totius ville Bymalte'' (...) ''Adolfus de Brantelghete'' (...) '' de Hersebrůca'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bimolten'') (251 incolae), [[Bookholtia]]<ref name="-holtia-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-holz'' seu ''-holt'' seu ''-hout'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-holtia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, quamquam [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''] solum dicit "(...) -holz : -''holtia'' (...)", situs interretialis [https://www.etymonline.com/word/hilt ''Etymonline''] "Old English ''holt'' "woods, forest, grove, thicket," common in place names, from Proto-Germanic *''hultam-'' (source also of Old Frisian, Old Norse, Middle Dutch ''holt'', Dutch ''hout'', German ''Holz'' "a wood, wood as timber")" aseverat. Ergo, quia suffixa ''-holt'' et ''-hout'' variationes suffixi ''-holz'' sunt, omnia haec suffixa etiam verti Latine suffixo "-holtia-ae".</ref> (Theodisce ''Bookholt'') (685), [[Brantelghete]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Brandlecht'') (921), [[Hersebruca]]<ref name="NOB XV"/> (Theodisce ''Hestrup'') (295), [[Hesepa]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Hesepe'') (281), [[Hohenkorba]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Nieder">Theodiscum praefixum ''Nieder-'' Latino adiectivo "inferior-ius" vertitur. V.gr., cf. [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniam Inferiorem]].</ref> (Theodisce ''Hohenkörben'') (107), [[Klausheida]]<ref name="-e"/> (Theodisce ''Klausheide'') (1.469) atque [[Northorna (caput urbis)|Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> (Theodisce ''Nordhorn'') (49.394) pertinent. == Historia == Circa annum [[800]] Ludgerus episcopus primam ecclesiam urbis aedificavit, anno [[900]] Northorna primo in actis descripta est<ref>[http://www.nordhorn.de/staticsite/staticsite.php?menuid=58 Historia oppidi in pagina officiali Northornae]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. Ab anno [[1160]] Northorna ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit et usque ad annum [[1753]] mansit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes Northornae cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] Northorna ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo, Northornae pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat. Anno [[1945]] [[Regnum Unitum|Britannici]] magistratus, qui hanc partem Germaniae occupaverunt, caput circuli Northornae transtulerunt, quod in media parte regionis situm est. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1974]] vici supra dicti ad Northornam adiuncti sunt. Ab anno [[2011]] Thomas Berling ([[SPD]]) magister civium electus est. ==Religio== 22,5% Northornensium [[Catholicismus|catholici]] sunt, 19,4% [[Ecclesiae Reformatae|reformati]], 13,8% [[Lutheranismus|lutherani]], 1,7% antiqui-reformati. Aliis Northornensibus religio non est. == Cives clari == *Bernhard Rawe (*1864, † 1950), possessor societatis textilis, cives honoratus civitatis Northornae. * Bernhard Brink (*1952), cantor. * [[Maria-Ludovica Dött]] (*1953), rerum politicarum perita factionis [[CDU]]. * Albert Stegemann (*1976), agricola et politicus fractionis [[CDU]]. == [[Coniunctio communium|Communia coniuncta]] == {| |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Netherlands.svg|20px|Nederlandia]]||[[Covordia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Batavice]] ''Coevorden''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of France.svg|20px|Francia]]|| [[Monasterium Villare]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> ([[Francice]] ''Montivilliers''), ex anno [[1963]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg |20px| Germania]]|| [[Reichenbachium Variscorum]]<ref name="Huldreich 1705">Huldreich, J. B. (1705). ''Miscellanea Tigurina: exhibentia eruditorum potissimum Tigurinorum elogia, ephemerides, et elenchos''. Typis Bodmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Reichenbach im Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Reichenbach''; [[Varisce]] ''Reignbach''), ex anno [[1989]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Poland.svg|20px|Polonia]]|| [[Mariaeburgum (Polonia)|Mariaeburgum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M"/> ([[Polonice]] ''Malbork''), ex anno [[1995]] |- |[[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20px|Italia]]|| [[Reate]]<ref>[[Marcus Terentius Varro|Varro]], ''[[De re rustica (Varro)|Rust.]]'' 3.1.6; [[Livius]] 25.7; [[Gaius Plinius Secundus|Plinius]], ''[[Naturalis historia (Plinius)|Nat.]]'' 3.109.</ref> ([[Italice]] ''Rieti''), ex anno [[2010]] |} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Nordhorn|Northornam}} * [http://www.nordhorn.de/ Oppidi Northornae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [http://www.vvv-nordhorn.de/ Rei periegeticae situs interretialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 8]] 1bfpla0zb621cjcwsq11mu2gsk0rum8 Hoogsteda 0 255001 3993271 3985494 2026-10-06T21:46:48Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993271 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:42004466 Hoogstede altreformiert Kirche.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Reformata Hoogstedae.]] '''Hoogsteda'''<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hoogstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hoogstee'') est commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e situm atque pars [[Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi|Circuli in Comitatu Binethensis]]. Ad commune etiam vici [[Arkel]] (Theodisce ''Arkel''), [[Bathornium]]<ref name="-hornium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-horn(e)(n)'' aut ''-hoorn'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hornium-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ahornium (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Ahornium Badense Birtembergense]] ac [[Ahornium (Coburgum)|Ahornium Coburgense]] apud [https://www.alvin-portal.org/alvin/attachment/document/alvin-record:564985/ATTACHMENT-0004.pdf ''Kennel von Silvalacus'']; [[Nonnenhornium]] apud ''Hermanni Conringii Censura diplomatis quod Ludovico imperatori fert acceptum coenobium Lindauiense''; [[Weissenhornium]] apud [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/pareus1/Pareus_historia.html ''DANIELIS PAREI HISTORIA BAVARICO- PALATINA'']; et [[Braunshornium]] apud ''Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz: Die Karte von 1789''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Bathorn''), [[Berga (Hoogsteda)|B<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref>erga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Berge''), [[Hoogsteda (vicus)|Hoogsteda]]<ref name="-e"/> (Theodisce ''Hoogstede''), [[Kalla (Hoogsteda)|Kalla]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> (Theodisce ''Kalle''), [[Scheerhornium]]<ref name="-hornium"/> (Theodisce ''Scheerhorn'') atque [[Tinholtia]]<ref name="-holtia-ae">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-holz'' seu ''-holt'' seu ''-hout'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-holtia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, quamquam [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''] solum dicit "(...) -holz : -''holtia'' (...)", situs interretialis [https://www.etymonline.com/word/hilt ''Etymonline''] "Old English ''holt'' "woods, forest, grove, thicket," common in place names, from Proto-Germanic *''hultam-'' (source also of Old Frisian, Old Norse, Middle Dutch ''holt'', Dutch ''hout'', German ''Holz'' "a wood, wood as timber")" aseverat. Ergo, quia suffixa ''-holt'' et ''-hout'' variationes suffixi ''-holz'' sunt, omnia haec suffixa etiam verti Latine suffixo "-holtia-ae".</ref> (Theodisce ''Tinholt'') pertinent. Hoogsteda est praeterea pars communis generalis [[Emmelkampus (commune generale)|Emmelkampi]]. == Historia == Anno [[1209]] vicus [[Scheerhornium]]<ref name="-hornium"/> (Theodisce ''Scheerhorn'') hodie ad Hoogstedam pertinens primum in actis descriptum est, cum comes Balduinus Binethemsis ''Scherehorne'' vicum monasterio in [[Wietmarschen]] tradidit<ref>[http://www.hoogstede.de/wp-gemeinde/unsere-gemeinde/geschichte/ Pagina officialis communis Hoogstedae de historia communis]</ref>. Regio usque ad annum [[1753]] ad comitatum Binethensem pertinuit, cum Friedericus Carolus comes eam cum toto comitatu [[Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis|Electori Hannoverae]] pigno dedit. Ab anno [[1806]] regio ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo Hoogsteda pars [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regni Hannoverani]] fuit. Anno [[1821]] ecclesia reformata a vico Arkeli (Theodisce ''Arkel'') Hoogstedam translata est et historia communis coepit<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141218000219/http://www.heimatverein-hoogstede-arkel.de/images/stories/pdf/02_Ortsteile.pdf Chronicon Hoogstede P. 133seqq.]</ref>. Regnum Hannoveranum autem anno [[1866]] a [[Borussia]] occupatum est. Anno [[1885]] Circulus in Comitatu Binethensi conditus est, cuius caput tum [[Aquae Benthemiae|Benthemia]] erat et ad quem Hoogsteda ad hunc diem pertinet. Anno [[1938]] in vico Bathornio<ref name="-hornium"/> (Theodisce ''Bathorn'') castra carceralia a Nazistis instituta sunt, ubi inter [[Secundum Bellum Mundanum]] et captivi belli tenebantur. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1974]] vici [[Berga (Hoogsteda)|Berga]]<ref name="-berga"/> (Theodisce ''Berge''), [[Kalla (Hoogsteda)|Kalla]]<ref name="-e"/> (Theodisce ''Kalle''), [[Scheerhornium]]<ref name="-hornium"/> (Theodisce ''Scheerhorn'') atque [[Tinholtia]]<ref name="-holtia-ae"/> (Theodisce ''Tinholt'') ad Hoogstedam adiuncti sunt et Hoogsteda sodalis communis generalis Emmelkampi factum est. Anno [[2011]] Fredericus Berends (CDU) novus magister civium electus est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat}} * [http://www.hoogstede.de/ Pagina officialis communis generalis Hoogstedae] * [http://www.heimatverein-hoogstede-arkel.de/ Situs interretialis Societatis patrioticae Hoogstedae-Arkelis] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1821]] innadnex5iaok8rv9pi8r085g5za892 Mors (personificatio) 0 264839 3993216 3978245 2026-10-06T16:26:54Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Add 1 book for [[Vicipaedia:Fons]] (20261006)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 3993216 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:CathedralOfTrier Skeleton.JPG|thumb|[[Statua]] mortis in [[Ecclesia Cathedralis Augustae Treverorum|Ecclesia Cathedrali Augustae Treverorum]] [[Augusta Treverorum|Augustae Treverorum]] [[Germania]]e.]] [[Fasciculus:Le Mire et Oudry - La Fontaine, fable 'La mort et le mourant' (illustration).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Cultura Occidentalis|Occidentalis]] mortis [[pictura]] ut [[sceletus]] [[falx|falcem]] tractans.]] [[Fasciculus:Jheronimus Bosch 050.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|''Mors et avaritia'', pictura [[Hieronymus Bosch]]ii{{dubsig}}.]] [[Fasciculus:Santa-muerte-nlaredo2.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Sancta Mors]]. [[Novum Laredum|Noi Laredi]] [[Texia]]e, [[2007]].]] [[Fasciculus:1-9 new battalion logo.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Insigne]] militare.]] '''[[Mors]]''' ipsa est elementum commune in [[cultura]] et [[historia]], quod [[vis]] [[personificatio|personificata]] multis modis excogitata est. Secundum nonnullas [[mythologia|mythologias]], Messor Torvus mortem victimae tantum adveniens efficit. Homines vicissim in nonnullis [[fabula|fabulis]] vitam retinere conantur per adventum mortis vitandum, aut per mortem pretiis vel dolis arcendam. Alii ferunt larvam mortis solum esse [[psychopompus|psychopompum]], qui, ultima vincula inter [[anima]]m et [[corpus]] separans, defunctum ad [[vita post mortem|vitam post mortem]] ducit, [[tempus]] et modum mortis non continens. In multis [[mythologia|mythologiis]], mors [[mas]], sed in aliis [[femina (sexus)|femina]] personificatur (exempli gratia, [[Marzanna]] in [[mythologia Slavica]]). == In poesi Graeca == Iam in ''[[Ilias|Iliade]]'' sexto decimo carmine, [[Sarpedon|Sarpedone]], Iovis filio, ad Troiam occiso Mors personificata una cum [[Somnus (deus)|Somno]] fratre Iovis et Apollinis iussu corpus in Lyciam vehit. Postea persona tragoediarum quoque fuit ut in ''[[Alcestis (Euripides)|Alcestide]]'' [[Euripides|Euripidea]] et iam antea [[Alcestis (Phrynichus)|Phrynichea]]<ref>[[Servius grammaticus|Servius]], ''Ad Aeneidem'' IV.694.</ref>. Ab artificibus Mors alata fingebatur, gladio nonnumquam armata. ==In cultura populo grata== ===Pelliculae=== * ''[[Terry Pratchett's The Colour of Magic]]'' (2008) * ''[[The Seventh Seal]]'' (1957) * ''[[The Masque of the Red Death (pellicula 1964)|The Masque of the Red Death]]'' (1964) * ''[[Brancaleone at the Crusades]]'' (1970) * ''[[Monty Python's The Meaning of Life]]'' (1983) * ''[[The Adventures of Baron Munchausen]]'' (1988) * ''[[Last Action Hero]]'' (1993) * ''[[Meet Joe Black]]'' (1998) * ''[[Final Destination|Final Destination (series)]]'' (2000–2011) * ''[[Click (pellicula 2006)|Click]]'' (2006) * ''[[Scoop (pellicula 2006)|Scoop]]'' (2006) ===Televisio=== *''Dead Like Me'' (2003–2004) *''Supernatural'' (2010–2015) {{NexInt}} {{div col|2}} *[[Acheron]] *[[Banshee]] *[[Danse Macabre]] *[[Hades (mythologia)]] *[[Mania (mythologia Etrusca)]] *[[Odin]] *[[Osiris]] *[[Pluto (deus)]] *[[Personificatio]] *[[Psychopompus]] *''[[Canti et saltationes mortis]]'' - musica [[Modestus Musorgskij|Modesti Musorguskij]] *[[Somnus (deus)]] *[[Thanatos]] *[[Yama]]<!-- *[[List of death deities]] *[[Beak doctor costume]]--> {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Bender, A. P. [[1894]]. Beliefs, Rites, and Customs of the Jews, Connected with Death, Burial, and Mourning. ''The Jewish Quarterly Review'' 6(2):317–347. doi:10.2307/1450143. JSTOR 1450143. *Bender, A. P. [[1894]]. Beliefs, Rites, and Customs of the Jews, Connected with Death, Burial, and Mourning. ''The Jewish Quarterly Review'' 6(4):664–671. doi:10.2307/1450184. JSTOR 1450184. *Böklen, Ernst. [[1902]]. ''Die Verwandtschaft der Jüdisch-Christlichen mit der Parsischen Eschatologie.'' Gottingae: Vendenhoeck & Ruprecht. *Dillmann, August. [[1895]]. ''Handbuch der alttestamentlichen Theologie.'' Lipsiae: S. Hirzel. *Gordon, Maurice Bear. [[1941]]. Medicine among the Ancient Hebrews. ''Isis'' 33(4):454–485. doi:10.1086/358601. JSTOR 330623. *Hamburger, J[acob]. [[1884]]. Tod. ''Real-Encyclopädie für Bibel und Talmud: Wörterbuch zum handgebrauch für Bibelfreunde, Theologen, Juristen, Gemeinde- und Schulvorsteher, Lehrer &c.'' 1:990–992. Strelitz et Mecklenburg: Auctor ("Selbstverlag des Verfassers"). [https://books.google.com/books?id=0XMpAAAAYAAJ&pg=990#v=twopage&q&f=false Textus.] *Herzog, Edgar. [[1983]]. ''Psyche and death: death-demons in folklore, myths, and modern dreams.'' Conv. David Cox et Eugene Rolfe. Primus titulus: ''Psyche und Tod.'' Dallasiae Texiae: Spring Publications. ISBN 0882145045. * {{cite book | first=David | last=Joël | title=Der Aberglaube und die Stellung des Judenthums zu Demselben | location=Breslau | year=1881 | publisher=F.W. Jungfer's Buch}}<!-- * {{JewishEncyclopedia|article=Angel of Death|author=Kaufmann Kohler et Ludwig Blau|url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=D&artid=178}}--> * {{cite book | first=Alexander | last=Kohut | title=Ueber die Jüdische Angelologie und Dämonologie in Ihrer Abhängigkeit vom Parsismus | location=Leipzig | year=1866 | publisher=Brockhaus}} * {{cite book |last=Lynette |first=Rachel |series=Monsters |title=The Grim Reaper |url=https://archive.org/details/grimreaper0000lyne |year=2009 |publisher=KidHaven Press |location=Farmington Hills, MI |isbn=9780737745689 |oclc=317921894}} * {{cite book | first=John | last=Milton | title=Paradise Lost| year=1996 | url=https://archive.org/details/paradiselost0000milt_o2d9 }} * {{cite book |last=Olyan |first=Saul M. |title=A Thousand Thousands Served Him: Exegesis and the Naming of Angels in Ancient Judaism |url= |year=1993 |publisher=J. C. B. Mohr |location=Tübingen |isbn=9783161460630 |oclc=28328810 |series=Texte und Studien zum antiken Judentum, 36}} * {{cite book | first=Moïse | last=Schwab | title=Vocabulaire de l'Angélologie d'Après les Manuscrits Hebreux de la Bibliothèque Nationale | url=https://archive.org/details/vocabulairedela00schwgoog | location=Paris | year=1897}} * {{cite book | first=Erik | last=Stave | title=Ueber den Einfluss des Parsismus auf das Judenthum | url=https://archive.org/details/berdeneinflussd01stavgoog | location=Haarlem | year=1898 | publisher=E. F. Bohn}} * {{cite book | first=F. W. | last=Weber | title=Jüdische Theologie auf Grund des Talmud und verwandter Schriften, gemeinfasslich dargestellt | url=https://archive.org/details/judischetheolog00webe | location=Leipzig | publisher=Dörffling & Franke | year=1897}} *Winer, Georg Benedikt. [[1848]]. Satan. ''Biblisches Realwörterbuch zum Handgebrauch für Studirende, Kandidaten, Gymnasiallehrer und Prediger.'' Ed. 3a, 2:383–386. Lipsiae: Carl Heinrich Reclam. [https://books.google.com/books?id=GRHzg-TTFZAC&pg=PA383#v=twopage&q&f=false Textus.] ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Personifications of death|personificationem mortis}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150610213556/http://210.204.213.131/minsok/dic_index.jsp?P_MENU=04&DIC_ID=2506&ref=T2&s_idx=4&P_INDEX=0&cur_page=1 Korea National Encyclopedia of Ethnic Practices] [[Categoria:Mythologia]] [[Categoria:Personificationes mortis| ]] [[Categoria:Dei mortis]] {{Myrias|Philosophia}} o37qwwdi5e8gg3jcar0v6128h3hdfqz Circulus Osnabrugae 0 267392 3993284 3989681 2026-10-06T22:59:21Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993284 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in OS.svg|upright=1|right|Communia in circulo Osnabrugensi]] '''Circulus Osnabrugae'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Osnabrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Ossenbrügge''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Ossenbrääch''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1803]] ad [[Ducatus Luneburgensis|Ducatum Luneburgensem]] pertinuit. Anno [[1805]] cum toto Ducatu a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Ab anno [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Franciam]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1814]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1974]] fines hodiernas accipit. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncta sunt: * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'') (15.263 incolae) * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'') (12.637) * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'') (13.581) * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'') (14.370) * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche''), urbs (36.013) * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'') (7839) * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald''), urbs (9390) * [[Glandorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Glandorf'') (6664) * [[Haga ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref><ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hagen am Teutoburger Wald'') (13.475) * [[Hasberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hasbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hasbergen'') (10.901) * [[Hilter ad Teutoburgiensem Saltum]]<ref name="Teutoburger Wald">Cfr. [[Cornelius Tacitus|Taciti]], ''[[Annales (Tacitus)|Annales]]'', {{Vf|Ab excessu divi Augusti (Annales)/Liber I|LX|I, 60}}: "... haud procul '''Teutoburgiensi saltu''' in quo reliquiae Vari legionumque insepultae dicebantur".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hilter am Teutoburger Wald'') (10.243) * [[Hutta Georgii et Mariae]]<ref name="hutta-ae">Toponyma cum suffixis ''-hütte'' aut ''-hutta'' plerumque latinizari solent Latino vocabulo "Hutta-ae", quamquam huius vocabuli variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hutta vitriaria Bohemica]] apud [https://schwaben.hu/ortschaften/bohmischhutten?utm Schwaben.hu. (s. d.). ''Böhmischhütten / Csehbánya – Ortsgeschichte'']; [[Hutta Germanica]] apud [https://huta.ewk.hu/nemetbanya-1757-1781/?utm ''Németbánya. (s. s.). Németbánya története'']; [[Hutta Vitriaria]] apud https://slavistika.sk/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2015_1.pdf?utm [Majtán, M. (1998). ''Názvy obcí Slovenskej republiky: Vývin v rokoch 1773–1997''. Bratislaviae: Veda]; Hutta apud [https://real.mtak.hu/140291/1/K%C3%A1rp%C3%A1talja%20helys%C3%A9gnevei.pdf?utm ''Kárpátalja helységnevei.'']; [[Hutta Polonica]] apud Štefánik, M. (2022). ''Italia ed Europa centro-orientale tra Medioevo ed età moderna: Economia, società, cultura''. Heidelberg University Publishing; [[Hutta (Eiflia)|Hutta Eifliae]] apud Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der, jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). J. Hölscher, et Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der mittelrheinischen Territorien: Erster Band. Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1169''. [[Confluentes (Germania)|Confluentibus]]: J. Hölscher.</ref><ref name="Georgius">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Georgius?utm Theodiscum praefixum ''Georg-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Georfii" vertitur].</ref><ref name="Maria">[https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Maria?utm Theodiscum interfixum ''-marien-'' Latino anthroponymo casu genetivo "Mariae" vertitur].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Georgsmarienhütte''), commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] (31.520) * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig''), urbs (10.548) * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'') (9268) * [[Mella]]<ref name="Mella">Vide [https://www.lemgo.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente/Stadtarchiv/Bib_974.pdf?utm ''Album studiosorum Academiae'']. ubi "(...) Henrich Carl Kahmann Mella-Osnabrugensis (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Melle'')</small>, commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] (46.039) * [[Ostercappeln]] (9566) * [[Wallenhorst]] (23.018) * [[Artlandia (commune generale)|Artlandia]]<ref name="-landia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-land'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-landia-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amelandia]], [[Bevelandia Australis]], [[Bevelandia Septentrionalis]], [[Bolandia]], [[Iutlandia]], [[Curlandia]], [[Estlandia]], [[Finlandia]], [[Flevolandia]], [[Friedlandia]], [[Islandia]], [[Gothlandia]], [[Hollandia]], [[Ingermanlandia]], [[Isalandia]] [[Lalandia]], [[Langelandia]], [[Oehtlandia]] [[Olandia]], [[Sallandia]], [[Samlandia]] [[Zelandia]], [[Selandia]] [[Fotlandia]], [[Wermelandia]] [[Withlandia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artland'') commune generale (22.839) ** [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'') (4572) ** [[Menslaga]]<ref name="-e"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Menslage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Menslaoge'') (2462) ** [[Northarpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Nortrup''; [[Saxonice]] ''Norpen'') (2960) ** [[Quakenbrück]], oppidum et sedes administrationis (12.845) * [[Bersenbrugum (commune generale)|Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'') commune generale (28.870) ** [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiquo archidiaconatu Anchemii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> (3910) ([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfhusen'') ** [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> (7314) ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'') ** [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge''), urbs et sedes administrationis (8315) ** [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eggermöhlen'') (1703) ** [[Gehrda]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Gehrde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gährde'') (2504) ** [[Kettencampus]]<ref name="campus-i">[https://ewa.saw-leipzig.de/articles/80250/en?utm Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-kamp'' seu ''-kampf'' seu ''-camp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-campus-i"], quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kettenkamp''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ketenkamp '') (1688) ** [[Rieste]] (3436) * [[Furstenavia (commune generale)|Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau'') commune generale (15.873) ** [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'') (3518) ** [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'') (2945) ** [[Furstenavia]]<ref name="Furstenavia">Theodiscum nomen proprium ''Fürstenau'' in Latinam "Furstenavia" verti solet. V.gr. vide {{Hofmannus}}, ubi dicitur "(...) FURSTENAVIA Familia Germ. ''Furstenau'', ramus est Familiae Erpacensis (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fürstenau''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fösnau'' seu ''Försnau''), urbs et sedes administraionis (9410) * [[Nyenkerken (commune generale)|Nyenkerken]]<ref name="NyenkerkenII"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nienkerken'') commune generale (10.162) ** [[Merzen]] (3921) ** [[Nyenkerken (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Nyenkerken]]<ref name="NyenkerkenII">Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_bij005190401_01/_bij005190401_01_0009.php?utm ''dbnl''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Item curtis in Nyenkerken'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nienkerken''), sedes administrationis * (4498) ** [[Voltlage]] (1743) {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Osnabrück|Circulum Osnabrugensem}} * [http://landkreis-osnabrueck/ Pagina officialis]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} == Notae == <references /> {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Osnabrugensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] mvhvhhj75o115fa2k411wnvgrde3vj9 Circulus Stadae 0 267412 3993285 3989658 2026-10-06T23:05:36Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993285 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Stadae'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Stade''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Stood''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1719]] ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit, post [[Bella Coalitionum|Bella Napoleonica]] ad novum [[Regnum Hannoveranum]]. Ab anno [[1866]] pars [[Borussia]]e fuit. Anno [[1932]] fines circuli aucti sunt. Ab anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1972]] fines hodiernas accipit. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communi generalia coniuncta sunt: * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu''), urbs Hanseatica et commune sui iuris (40.173 incolae) * [[Curia Maiorica]]<ref name="Curia Maiorica">Manfred Niemeyer (Hrsg.): ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter, Berolini 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-018908-7, S. 298.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Jork''; [[Saxonice]] ''Jörk'') (12.050) * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'') (11.292) * [[Stadae]] caput circuli et urbs Hanseatica (46.378) * [[Abensium (commune generale)|Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiquo archidiaconatu Anchemii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis, decimis et pagis ditionis Stadiensis (Caput de parochia Abensii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> commune generale (8958) ** [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens''), sedes administrationis (3945) ** [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'') (2660) ** [[Sauensiek]] (2353) * [[Fredenbiki (commune generale)|Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'') commune generale (12.704) ** [[Deinsta]]<ref name="-e">Germanica et Romanica (praecipue Francica) toponyma cum suffixo ''-e'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''-e''' : -''a'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst)'') (1999) ** [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek''), sedes administrationis (6072) ** [[Kutenholtia]]<ref name="-holtia">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-holz'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-holtia-ae". Qua de latinizatione, vide [https://es.scribd.com/document/441536698/1983-Stearn-Botanical-Latin-pesquisavel-pdf ''Botanical Latin''], ubi dicitur "(...) -holz : -''holtia'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Kutenholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kutenhult'' seu ''Kutenholt'') (4633) * [[Harsefeld (commune generale)|Harsfeldum]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Harsefeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harsfeld'' seu ''Hasfeld'') commune generale (20.929) ** [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'') (5273) ** [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'') (1987) ** [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'') (795) ** [[Harsfeldum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Harsefeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harsfeld'' seu ''Hasfeld''), oppidum et sedes administrationis (12.874) * [[Horneburgum (commune generale)|Horneburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Horneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hornborg'') commune generale (12.388) ** [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'') (1180) ** [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'') (1717) ** [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'') (2034) ** [[Horneburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Horneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hornborg''), oppidum et sedes administrationis (6026) ** [[Nottensdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Nottensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nottensdörp'') (1431) * [[Kadingia Septentrionalis (commune generale)|Kadingia Septentrionalis]]<ref name="Kadingia">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1868hist%29.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) ad eundem Gerlagum pertinentium, seu ultra Albiam seu in Kadingia sitorum (...)".</ref><ref name="Septentrionalis">Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum aut vocabulum ''Nord(-)'' vertit.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Nordkehdingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Noordkeden'') commune generale (7375) ** [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'') (1017) ** [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'') oppidum (1872) ** [[Krummendicum]]<ref name="-dicum"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Krummendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Krummendiek'') (490) ** [[Oederquart]] (1040) ** [[Wischhafen]] (2956) * [[Lu (commune generale)|Lu]]<ref name="Nova Lu"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Lühe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lüh'') commune generale (9844) ** [[Dithgherscope-Twielenflethum]]<ref name="Hollern">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/hollern-twielenfleth/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi dicitur "(...) ''Luderus in Dithgherscope'' (...)".</ref><ref name="-ethum">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-eth'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-ethum-i", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Bechtsriethum]], [[Maitenbethum]] ac [[Wiesethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index communium Bavariae|indice communium Bavariae]]; et [[Gransebiethum]] apud Vicipaediae Latinae articulum de [[Index Communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris|indice communium Megapolis et Pomeraniae Citerioris]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hollern-Twielenfleth''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hullern-Twielenfleth'') (3360) ** [[Grunendicum]]<ref name="-dicum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-di(e)k(e)'' aut ''-deich(e)'' aut ''-dijk'' aut ''-dyk(e)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dicum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Isendicum]] apud {{Graesse}}; aut [[Mardicum]] apud ''Dictionnaire universel françois et latin, vulgairement appelé Dictionnaire de Trévoux''.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Grünendeich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Greundiek'') (1871) ** [[Guderhandviertel]] ([[Theodisce]] ''Guderhandviertel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gauderhandviddel'') (1111) ** [[Media Lu]]<ref name="Media Lu">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/mittelnkirchen/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon'']. ubi "(...) Mittelnkirchen ist nach 1305 und 1322 als ''medie Lu'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Mittelnkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Mittelskark'') (1076) ** [[Nova Lu]]<ref name="Nova Lu">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/neuenkirchen-altes-land/?utm ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) Papst Innozenz III. (amt. 1198–1216) bestätigte dem Kloster Harsefeld u. a. den Besitz des Zehnten in ''Lu'' (...) urkundlich erstmals 1274 als ''Nova Lu'' belegt (...) Landesgemeinde Altes Land (1361 eigenes Siegel, Umschrift: ''Sigillum communitates veteris terrae'') (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Neuenkirchen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Neekark'') (838) ** [[Steinkirchen]], sedes administrationis (1588) * [[Oldendorf-Himmelpforten (commune generale)|Oldendorf-Himmelpforten]] commune generale (17.963) ** [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'') (1007) ** [[Coeli Porta]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Himmelpforten''; [[Saxonice]] ''Himmelpoorten''), sedes administrationis (5127) ** [[Cranenburgum (Saxonia Inferior)|Cranenburgum]]<ref name="Cranenburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Kranenburg'' "Cranenburgum" latinizari solet. Cf. [[Cranenburgum (Rhenania Septentrionalis et Vestfalia)|Cranenburgum Rhenanum]] apud ''Atlas Sive Cosmographicae Meditationes de Fabrica Mundi et Fabricati Figura'', Mercatoris.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kranenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kronenborg'')</small> (726) ** [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'') (990) ** [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'') (763) ** [[Estorpium]]<ref name="-torpium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-torf'' et ''-torp'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-torpium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ebbestorpium]] apud Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag; [[Ermelstorpium]] apud Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli; [[Gottorpium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'') (1428) ** [[Hamma (Saxonia Inferior)|Hamma]]<ref name="-ah">Germanica aut Semitica aut Indoiranica toponyma cum terminatione ''-ah'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae". Exempli gratiā: [[Calvela]], [[Maliana]], Parra, [[Widenla]], [[Zellia]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Hammah''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hammoh'') (3066) ** [[Heinbockel]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heinbockel'') (1420) ** [[Oldendorf]] (2982) ** [[Worde]]<ref name="Worde">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/grossenwoerden/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Kirchengemeindelexikon''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''Hinricus rector ecclesie in Worde'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Großenwörden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Grootweurn'') (454) == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Stade|Circulum Stadae}} * [http://www.landkreis-stade.de/ Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stadae circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] do3c6uqtr8szqfm6xze8abidn6dv5i5 Augusta (Cenomannica) 0 277600 3993212 3978791 2026-10-06T16:00:11Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993212 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Augusta,_Maine_skyline.jpg|thumb|[[Fluvius Kennebec]] mediam urbem praeterfluit.]] [[Fasciculus:Kennebec County Maine incorporated and unincorporated areas Augusta highlighted.svg|thumb|Locus in [[Kennebec Comitatus (Cenomannica)|Kennebec Comitatu]] et [[Cenomannica]] civitate.]] '''Augusta''' est [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Cenomannica]]e [[Civitatum Foederatarum civitas|civitatis]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Americanae]] et [[sedes comitatus|sedes]] [[Kennebec Comitatus (Cenomannica)|Kennebec Comitatus]].<ref>[https://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txtPopulation and Population Centers by State] {{webarchive |url=https://www.webcitation.org/6HZRQVgCU?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt|date=22 Iunii 2013}}.</ref> Numerus incolarum in [[census Civitatum Foederatarum 2010|censu Civitatum Foederatarum anni 2010]] fuit 19 136, qua pro causa Augusta est tertium caput civitatis a minimo in [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]], post [[Mons Pessulanus (Mons Viridis)|Montem Pessulanum]] [[Mons Viridis|Montis Viridis]] et [[Petropolis (Dacota Meridiana)|Petropolim]] [[Dacota Meridiana|Dacotae Meridianae]], ac nona urbs a maxima in Cenomannica. Iuxta [[Kennebec Fluvius|Kennebec Fluvium]] ad [[caput aestus]] (finem aestus) patens, Augusta est locus [[Universitas Cenomannicae apud Augustam|Universitatis Cenomannicae apud Augustam]]. [[Fasciculus:MaineStateHouse1.JPG|thumb|[[Capitolium]] civicum]] [[Fasciculus:Augusta, Maine (15408466261).jpg|thumb|[[Pons]] et [[fluvius]].]] [[Fasciculus:Old Fort Western.jpg|alt=|thumb|Despectus in Arcem Occidentalem Veterem.]] ==Incolae notabiles== *[[Ambrosius Abbott]], legatus civicus *[[Martha Ballard]], [[obstetrix]] *[[Iacobus G. Blaine]], [[Civitatum Foederatarum Secretarius Civitatis|Secretarius Civitatis Civitatum Foederatarum]] et candidatus praesidentialis *[[Horatius Bridge]], sagatus navalis *[[Iulia Clukey]], luger in [[Olympia hiemalia 2010|Olympiis 2010]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Julia Clukey|url=http://clukeyluge.com/about-me/#opening|access-date=September 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107031430/http://clukeyluge.com/about-me/#opening|archive-date=November 7, 2017|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Clark|first1=Ernie|title=Augusta's Julia Clukey looks to the future after Olympic luge near-miss|url=http://bangordailynews.com/2013/12/20/sports/olympics/augustas-julia-clukey-looks-to-the-future-after-olympic-luge-near-miss/|website=Bangor Daily News}}</ref> *[[Beverly Daggett]], praeses senatus Cenomannicae *[[Olive E. Dana]], [[scriptor]] [[fabula brevis|fabularum brevium]], commentator, [[poetria]] *[[Melville Fuller]], [[politicus]] Illinoesiae *[[Georgius Huntington Hartford]], qui [[Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company]] possedit<!-- the country's largest food retailer at the time of his death.--><ref name="levinson">{{cite book | last = Levinson | first = Marc | title = The Great A&P and the struggle for small business in America | url = https://archive.org/details/greatapstrugglef0000levi | publisher=Hill and Wang | year = 2011 | isbn = 978-0-8090-9543-8}}</ref> *[[Ioannes F. Hill]], gubernator Cenomannicae *[[Paulus LePage]], gubernator Cenomannicae *[[Robertus Deniston Hume]], politicus et negotiator Oregoniae *[[Eastman Johnson]], [[artifex]] *[[Roger Katz]], legislator civicus *[[Georgius W. Ladd]], legislator Congressionalis *[[Dorianne Laux]], [[poeta]] *[[Sumner Lipman]], [[iurisconsultus]] et legislator civicus *[[Beniaminus Lucas]], [[pedilusor]] *[[Henricus A. McMasters]], acceptor [[Clipeus Honoris|Clipei Honoris]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/moh/indianwars.html|title=Medalof Honor recipients|publisher=United States Army|accessdate=19 Novembris 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20101110225055/http://www.history.army.mil//html/moh/indianwars.html|archivedate= 10 Novembris 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref> *[[Rachel Nichols (actrix)|Rachel Nichols]], histrio *[[Fridericus W. Plaisted]], praefectus Augustae, quadradesimus octavus gubernator Cenomannicae *[[Fridericus G. Payne]], sexagesimus gubernator Cenomannicae *[[David Peoples]], athleta qui [[pilamalleus|pilamalleo]] ludit *[[Ioannes F. Potter]], legislator Congressionalis, [[iudex]] *[[Travis Roy]], qui [[ludus hocceius|hocceio]] ludit *[[Luther Severance]], publicator, legislator Congressionalis, et [[senator]] Civitatum Foederatarum *[[Olympia Snowe]], [[senator]] Civitatum Foederatarum *[[Ioannes L. Stevens]], legatus Americanus ad Regnum Havaianum<!-- accused of attempting to overthrow Hawaiian Queen, 1893--> *[[Manch Wheeler]], ''quarterback'' qui pro [[Buffalo Bills]] ludit *[[Gil Whitney]], [[ancora]] [[televisio|televisificus]] et [[meteorologus]] *[[Reuel Williams]], senator Civitatum Foederatarum *[[Willard G. Wyman]], dux ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Augusta, Maine|Augustam}} *''Encyclopaedia Britannica,'' ed. 11a. *[http://www.augustamaine.gov/ Situs proprius.] *[http://www.lithgow.lib.me.us/ Bibliotheca Publica Lithgow.] *[http://www.uma.edu/ Universitas Cenomannicae apud Augustam.] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080327072235/http://www.city-data.com/city/Augusta-Maine.html Data urbana.] *[http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=2014 Data urbana Epodunk.] *[http://home.myfairpoint.net/espooner/id52.html The Purington Massacre.]<!-- {{wikivoyage|Augusta (Maine)|Augusta, Maine}} *{{Cite AmCyc|wstitle=Augusta (Maine)|display=Augusta, a city of Maine |short=x}}--> [[Categoria:Augusta (Cenomannica)| ]] [[Categoria:Capita civitatum Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Condita 1629]] [[Categoria:Urbes Cenomannicae]]<!-- [[Category:Cities in Kennebec County, Maine]] [[Category:County seats in Maine]]--> spta50bl2r5x6gr44v4lrrm52frwyz0 Inflorescentia 0 279317 3993231 3719009 2026-10-06T18:16:30Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 /* Pinacotheca */ 3993231 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Aloe hereroensis Auob C15.JPG|thumb|''[[Aloe hereroensis]]'' inflorescentiam cum [[pedunculum|pedunculo]] ramoso monstrat.]] [[Fasciculus:Sunflower macro wide.jpg|thumb|Inflorescentia disciformium florularum sessilium [[capitulum]] formant.]] '''Inflorescentia''' est grex vel fasciculus [[flos|florum]] in [[caulis|cauli]] [[planta]]e tam ordinatus ut ex principali [[ramus|ramo]] aut implicato ramorum ordine componitur. [[Morphologia plantarum|Morphologice]], inflorescentia est mutata [[surculus|surculi]] [[spermatophyta]]rum pars, ubi flores nascuntur. Mutationes [[longitudo|longitudinem]] et [[natura]]m [[internodus|internodorum]] [[phyllotaxis]]que attingere possunt, cum variationibus in [[ratio]]nibus<!--proportionibus-->, compressionibus, tumefactionibus, [[adnatio]]nibus, [[connatio]]nibus, et reductionibus axium principalium et secundariarum. Inflorescentai simpliciter definiri potest [[reproductio|reproductiva]] plantae pars, quae fasciculum florum in exemplari certo fert. Caulis quae omnem inflorescentiam tenet [[pedunculus]], ac maior axis (falso principalis caulis dictus) qui flores pluresve ramos intra inflorescentia tenens [[rhachis]] appellatur. Caulis cuiusdam floris [[pedicellus]] appellatur. Flos qui pars non est inflorescentiae flos solitarius, atque eius caulis etiam pedunculus appellatur. Ullus flos in inflorescentia florula appellatur, praecipue cum flores singuli sint minores et in fasciculo stricto ferantur, ut in [[pseudanthium|pseudanthio]]. [[Fructus|Fructiferus]] inflorescentiae gradus [[infructescentis]] appellatur. Inflorescentiae sunt simplices (singulae) aut complex ([[panicula]]e). Rhachis est ulla e nonnullis generibus, inter quae singula, composita, [[umbella]], [[spica]], [[racemus]]. ==Genera inflorescentiarum== <gallery> Fasciculus:Doppelwickel (inflorescence).svg|[[Cyma]] duplex Fasciculus:Doppelschraubel (inflorescence).svg|Cyma duplex Fasciculus:Schroef (bloeiwijze).jpg|[[Bostryx]] (conspectus lateralis et e summa) Fasciculus:Saint John's wort flowers.jpg|''[[Hypericum perforatum]]'' ([[bostryx]]) Fasciculus:Sikkel (bloeiwijze).jpg|Drepanium (conspectus lateralis et e summa) Fasciculus:Gladiolus imbricatus a1.jpg|''[[Gladiolus imbricatus]]'' ([[drepanium]]) Fasciculus:Schicht.jpg|Cincinnus (conspectus lateralis et e summa) Fasciculus:Symphytum officinale 02.jpg|''[[Symphytum officinale]]'' ([[cincinnus]]) Fasciculus:Waaier (bloeiwijze).jpg|Rhipidium (conspectus lateralis et e summa) Fasciculus:Dichasium (inflorescence).svg|Dichasium Fasciculus:Dichasium (top view) (inflorescence).svg|[[Dichasium]], despectus e summa Fasciculus:2006-10-22Silene dioica07.jpg|''[[Silene dioica]]'' ([[dichasium]]) Fasciculus:Inflorescences Spadix Kwiatostan Kolba.svg|[[Spadix (biologia)|Spadix]] Fasciculus:Spathiphyllum floribundum1.jpg|''[[Spathiphyllum floribundum]]'' ([[Spadix (biologia)|spadix]]) Fasciculus:Gentiana lutea1.JPG|''[[Gentiana lutea]]'' (fasciculi) Fasciculus:Lamium orvala3.jpg|''[[Lamium orvala]]'' ([[verticillaster]]) Fasciculus:Mentha longifolia 2005.08.02 09.53.56.jpg|''[[Mentha longifolia]]'' ([[spica]]) </gallery> ==Inflorescentiae compositae== <gallery> Fasciculus:Doppeltraube_(inflorescence).svg|Racema composita homeothetica Fasciculus:Melilotus officinalis01.jpg|''[[Melilotus officinalis]]'' (racema composita homoeothetica) Fasciculus:Doppeltraube_2_(inflorescence).svg|Racemus compositus heterotheticus Fasciculus:Hebe albicans.jpg|''[[Hebe albicans]]'' (racemus compositus heterotheticus) Fasciculus:Inflorescences Muktispike Kwiatostan KłosZłożony.svg|Spica composita Fasciculus:Lolium multiflorum detail.jpeg|''[[Lolium temulentum]]'' (spica composita) Fasciculus:Doppelkoepfchen (inflorescence).svg|''[[Lolium multiflorum]]'' (capitulum compositum) Fasciculus:Echinops Ain France.jpg|''[[Echinops ritro]]'' (capitulum compositum) Fasciculus:Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan BaldachZłożony.svg|Umbella composita dupla Fasciculus:Laserpitium latifolium2.jpg|''[[Laserpicium latifolium]]'' (umbella dupla) Fasciculus:Dreifachdolde_(inflorescence).svg|Umbella composita tripla </gallery><!-- ==Notae== <references/>--> ==Bibliographia== *Ferry, R. J. [[2011]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180914204057/http://miosjournal.org/journal/2011/06/Inflorescences.html Inflorescences and Their Names.] ''McAllen International Orchid Society Journal'' 12(6): 4–11. *Judd, Walter S., Christopher S. Campbell, Elizabeth A. Kellogg, Peter F. Stevens, Michael, et J. Donoghue. [[2007]]. ''Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach.'' Sinauer Associates, Inc. *Kausmann, Bernhard, [[1963]]. ''Pflanzenanatomie.'' Ienae: Gustav Fischer Verlag. *Stevens, P. F. [[2001]]+. ''Angiosperm Phylogeny.'' Situs interretialis. [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/]. Editio 7, Maius 2006. *Strasburger, Noll, Schenck, Schimper. [[2011]]. ''Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen.'' Ed. 4a. Ienae: Gustav Fischer. *Troll, Wilhelm. [[1957]]. ''Praktische Einführung in die Pflanzenmorphologie.'' Ienae: Gustav Fischer Verlag. *Troll, Wilhelm. [[1964]]. ''Die Infloreszenzen; Erster Band.'' Stutgardiae: Gustav Fischer Verlag. *Troll, Wilhelm. [[1969]]. ''Die Infloreszenzen; Zweiter Band, Erster Teil.'' Stutgardiae: Gustav Fischer Verlag. *Tucker, Shirley C., et James Grimes. [[1999]]. The inflorescence: Introduction. ''The Botanical Review'' 65(4): 303–316. [[doi:10.1007/BF02857752]]. ISSN 0006-8101. *Weberling, Focko. [[1981]]. ''Morphologie der Blüten und der Blütenstände; Zweiter Teil.'' Stutgardiae: Verlag Eugen Ulmer. *Wyatt, Robert. [[1982]]. Inflorescence Architecture: How Flower Number, Arrangement, and Phenology Affect Pollination and Fruit-Set. ''American Journal of Botany'' 69(4): 585–594. [[doi:10.2307/2443068]]. ISSN 1537-2197. JSTOR 2443068. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Inflorescence|inflorescentiam}} [[Categoria:Flores|Inflorescentia]] [[Categoria:Morphologia plantarum]] 1te4vgwh6c4y93x6uvmuy2vnhxr9svf 3993234 3993231 2026-10-06T18:19:03Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 /* Genera inflorescentiarum */ 3993234 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Aloe hereroensis Auob C15.JPG|thumb|''[[Aloe hereroensis]]'' inflorescentiam cum [[pedunculum|pedunculo]] ramoso monstrat.]] [[Fasciculus:Sunflower macro wide.jpg|thumb|Inflorescentia disciformium florularum sessilium [[capitulum]] formant.]] '''Inflorescentia''' est grex vel fasciculus [[flos|florum]] in [[caulis|cauli]] [[planta]]e tam ordinatus ut ex principali [[ramus|ramo]] aut implicato ramorum ordine componitur. [[Morphologia plantarum|Morphologice]], inflorescentia est mutata [[surculus|surculi]] [[spermatophyta]]rum pars, ubi flores nascuntur. Mutationes [[longitudo|longitudinem]] et [[natura]]m [[internodus|internodorum]] [[phyllotaxis]]que attingere possunt, cum variationibus in [[ratio]]nibus<!--proportionibus-->, compressionibus, tumefactionibus, [[adnatio]]nibus, [[connatio]]nibus, et reductionibus axium principalium et secundariarum. Inflorescentai simpliciter definiri potest [[reproductio|reproductiva]] plantae pars, quae fasciculum florum in exemplari certo fert. Caulis quae omnem inflorescentiam tenet [[pedunculus]], ac maior axis (falso principalis caulis dictus) qui flores pluresve ramos intra inflorescentia tenens [[rhachis]] appellatur. Caulis cuiusdam floris [[pedicellus]] appellatur. Flos qui pars non est inflorescentiae flos solitarius, atque eius caulis etiam pedunculus appellatur. Ullus flos in inflorescentia florula appellatur, praecipue cum flores singuli sint minores et in fasciculo stricto ferantur, ut in [[pseudanthium|pseudanthio]]. [[Fructus|Fructiferus]] inflorescentiae gradus [[infructescentis]] appellatur. Inflorescentiae sunt simplices (singulae) aut complex ([[panicula]]e). Rhachis est ulla e nonnullis generibus, inter quae singula, composita, [[umbella]], [[spica]], [[racemus]]. ==Genera inflorescentiarum== <gallery> Fasciculus:Doppelwickel (inflorescence).svg|[[Cyma]] duplex Fasciculus:Doppelschraubel (inflorescence).svg|Cyma duplex Fasciculus:Schroef (bloeiwijze).jpg|[[Bostryx]] (conspectus lateralis et e summa) Fasciculus:Saint John's wort flowers.jpg|''[[Hypericum perforatum]]'' ([[bostryx]]) Fasciculus:Sikkel (bloeiwijze).jpg|Drepanium (conspectus lateralis et e summa) Fasciculus:Gladiolus imbricatus a1.jpg|''[[Gladiolus imbricatus]]'' ([[drepanium]]) Fasciculus:Schicht.jpg|Cincinnus (conspectus lateralis et e summa) Fasciculus:Symphytum officinale 02.jpg|''[[Symphytum officinale]]'' ([[cincinnus]]) Fasciculus:Waaier (bloeiwijze).jpg|Rhipidium (conspectus lateralis et e summa) Fasciculus:Dichasium (inflorescence).svg|Dichasium Fasciculus:Dichasium (top view) (inflorescence).svg|[[Dichasium]], despectus e summa Fasciculus:2006-10-22Silene dioica07.jpg|''[[Silene dioica]]'' ([[dichasium]]) Fasciculus:Inflorescences Spadix Kwiatostan Kolba.svg|[[Spadix (botanice)|Spadix]] Fasciculus:Spathiphyllum floribundum1.jpg|''[[Spathiphyllum floribundum]]'' ([[Spadix (botanice)|spadix]]) Fasciculus:Gentiana lutea1.JPG|''[[Gentiana lutea]]'' (fasciculi) Fasciculus:Lamium orvala3.jpg|''[[Lamium orvala]]'' ([[verticillaster]]) Fasciculus:Mentha longifolia 2005.08.02 09.53.56.jpg|''[[Mentha longifolia]]'' ([[spica]]) </gallery> ==Inflorescentiae compositae== <gallery> Fasciculus:Doppeltraube_(inflorescence).svg|Racema composita homeothetica Fasciculus:Melilotus officinalis01.jpg|''[[Melilotus officinalis]]'' (racema composita homoeothetica) Fasciculus:Doppeltraube_2_(inflorescence).svg|Racemus compositus heterotheticus Fasciculus:Hebe albicans.jpg|''[[Hebe albicans]]'' (racemus compositus heterotheticus) Fasciculus:Inflorescences Muktispike Kwiatostan KłosZłożony.svg|Spica composita Fasciculus:Lolium multiflorum detail.jpeg|''[[Lolium temulentum]]'' (spica composita) Fasciculus:Doppelkoepfchen (inflorescence).svg|''[[Lolium multiflorum]]'' (capitulum compositum) Fasciculus:Echinops Ain France.jpg|''[[Echinops ritro]]'' (capitulum compositum) Fasciculus:Inflorescences Umbel Kwiatostan BaldachZłożony.svg|Umbella composita dupla Fasciculus:Laserpitium latifolium2.jpg|''[[Laserpicium latifolium]]'' (umbella dupla) Fasciculus:Dreifachdolde_(inflorescence).svg|Umbella composita tripla </gallery><!-- ==Notae== <references/>--> ==Bibliographia== *Ferry, R. J. [[2011]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180914204057/http://miosjournal.org/journal/2011/06/Inflorescences.html Inflorescences and Their Names.] ''McAllen International Orchid Society Journal'' 12(6): 4–11. *Judd, Walter S., Christopher S. Campbell, Elizabeth A. Kellogg, Peter F. Stevens, Michael, et J. Donoghue. [[2007]]. ''Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach.'' Sinauer Associates, Inc. *Kausmann, Bernhard, [[1963]]. ''Pflanzenanatomie.'' Ienae: Gustav Fischer Verlag. *Stevens, P. F. [[2001]]+. ''Angiosperm Phylogeny.'' Situs interretialis. [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/]. Editio 7, Maius 2006. *Strasburger, Noll, Schenck, Schimper. [[2011]]. ''Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen.'' Ed. 4a. Ienae: Gustav Fischer. *Troll, Wilhelm. [[1957]]. ''Praktische Einführung in die Pflanzenmorphologie.'' Ienae: Gustav Fischer Verlag. *Troll, Wilhelm. [[1964]]. ''Die Infloreszenzen; Erster Band.'' Stutgardiae: Gustav Fischer Verlag. *Troll, Wilhelm. [[1969]]. ''Die Infloreszenzen; Zweiter Band, Erster Teil.'' Stutgardiae: Gustav Fischer Verlag. *Tucker, Shirley C., et James Grimes. [[1999]]. The inflorescence: Introduction. ''The Botanical Review'' 65(4): 303–316. [[doi:10.1007/BF02857752]]. ISSN 0006-8101. *Weberling, Focko. [[1981]]. ''Morphologie der Blüten und der Blütenstände; Zweiter Teil.'' Stutgardiae: Verlag Eugen Ulmer. *Wyatt, Robert. [[1982]]. Inflorescence Architecture: How Flower Number, Arrangement, and Phenology Affect Pollination and Fruit-Set. ''American Journal of Botany'' 69(4): 585–594. [[doi:10.2307/2443068]]. ISSN 1537-2197. JSTOR 2443068. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Inflorescence|inflorescentiam}} [[Categoria:Flores|Inflorescentia]] [[Categoria:Morphologia plantarum]] ok5uaf3octtb3zqztf9mekowpo3b5vp Dolor psychologicus 0 296049 3993324 3947902 2026-10-07T08:28:20Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993324 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Van Gogh - Trauernder alter Mann.jpeg|thumb|''[[Ad portam aeternitatis]].'' [[Pictura]] [[Vincentius van Gogh|Vincentii van Gogh]] (1890). [[Senex]] ob iniucundum doloris psychologici [[sensus|sensum]] suam [[vita]]m [[fletus|deflet]].]] [[Fasciculus:Edvard Munch, 1893, The Scream, oil, tempera and pastel on cardboard, 91 x 73 cm, National Gallery of Norway.jpg|thumb|''[[Clamor]].'' [[Pictura]] [[Eduardus Munch|Eduardi Munch]] (1893). [[Facies]] [[perceptio|percepta]] sollicitus [[homo|hominis]] [[modernismus|moderni]] [[dolor|angor]] [[exsistentialista|exsistentialis]] late habetur.]] '''Dolor psychologicus''' est iniucundus originis [[psychologia|psychologicae]] [[corpus|incorporeaeque]] [[sensus]]. Quem [[Eduinus S. Shneidman]], unus e primis investigatoribus in provincia [[suicidium|suicidologiae]], sic descripsit: "Quanto tu [[homo sapiens|homo]] doles. Quod est [[miseria]] [[mens|mentis]]; cruciatus mentis."<ref>[[Anglice]] "how much you hurt as a human being. It is mental suffering; mental torment."</ref><ref>Shneidman 1996: [https://books.google.com/books?id=rn4pf7-dca0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=the+suicidal+mind&source=bl&ots=qIGjSw106n&sig=A2b8DvJxC9gwoHPAJiiiEFaqdeU&hl=en&sa=X&ei=N74RUMWMDKjmiwKX8oHIAQ&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=the%20suicidal%20mind&f=false "Appendix A. Psychological Pain Survey" (capitulum), p. 173.]</ref> Dolor psychologicus multis [[vocabulum|vocabulis]] appellatur, quoque [[vocabulum|vocabulo]] certam vitae mentalis [[proprietas|proprietatem]] exprimente. Inter [[terminus technicus|terminos technicos]] qui aliquando adhibentur sunt ''algopsychalia'' et ''psychalgia,''<ref>[https://archive.is/20120710193841/http://medical.merriam-webster.com/medical/psychalgia "Psychalgia: mental distress,"] ''Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary.'' Sed vide ''psychalgiam'' in sensu [[dolor psychogenicus|doloris psychogenici]].</ref> sed [[res]] ipsa etiam appellari potest ''dolor mentis,''<ref>Weiss 1934.</ref><ref>Orbach et al. 2003.</ref> ''dolor animi motus,''<ref>E. A. Bolger, "Grounded theory analysis of emotional pain," ''Psychotherapy Research'' 9, no. 3 (1999): 342–62 {{doi|10.1080/10503309912331332801}}. [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10503309912331332801 Textus interretialis].</ref> ''dolor psychicus,''<ref>W. G. Joffe et J. Sandler, "On the concept of pain, with special reference to depression and psychogenic pain," ''Journal of Psychosomatic Research'' 11, no. 1 (1967): 69–75 {{doi|10.1016/0022-3999(67)90058-X}}.</ref><ref>M. M. Shattell, "Why does 'pain management' exclude psychic pain?" ''Issues in Mental Health Nursing'' 30, no. 5 (2009): 344. {{doi|10.1080/01612840902844890}}. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220209155428/http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/M_Shattell_Why_2009_EMBARGO%20TIL%20MAY%202010.pdf PDF].</ref> ''dolor socialis,''<ref>G. Macdonald et M. R. G. Leary, "Why does social exclusion hurt? The relationship between social and physical pain," ''Psychological Bulletin'' 131, no. 2 (2005): 202–23. PMID 15740417. {{doi|10.1037/0033-2909.131.2.202}}. [http://www.sozialpsychologie.uni-frankfurt.de/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/MacDonald-Leary-20051.pdf PDF.] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140301180449/http://www.sozialpsychologie.uni-frankfurt.de/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/MacDonald-Leary-20051.pdf Archivum, 1 Martii 2014.]</ref> et ''dolor spiritualis'' vel ''dolor [[animus|animi]],''<ref>[[Anglice]] 'spiritual pain': 60&thinsp;000 exituum Google; 'soul pain' 237&thinsp;000 exituum Google.</ref> vel ''angor'' tantum.<ref>J. M. Morse, "Toward a praxis theory of suffering," ''Advances in Nursing Science'' 24, no. 1 (2001): 47–59. {{doi|10.1097/00012272-200109000-00007}}. [http://journals.lww.com/advancesinnursingscience/Abstract/2001/09000/Toward_a_Praxis_Theory_of_Suffering.7.aspx ASPX.]</ref><ref>A. Rehnsfeldt, et K. Eriksson, "The progression of suffering implies alleviated suffering," ''Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences'' 18, no. 3 (2004): 264–72. {{doi|10.1111/j.1471-6712.2004.00281.x}}. [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2004.00281.x/abstract Abstractum.</ref> Quae vocabula omnia, quamquam profecto non paria vel omnino congruentia, comparatio systematica [[theoria]]rum exemplariumque doloris psychologici, doloris psychici, doloris animi motus, et [[dolor]]is per se concludit quodque vocabulum eundem affectum describere.<ref>E. L. Meerwijk et S. J. Weiss,"Toward a unifying definition of psychological pain." ''Journal of Loss & Trauma'' 16, no. 5 (2011): 402–12. {{doi|10.1080/15325024.2011.572044}}. [http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15325024.2011.572044#preview Preview.]</ref> Constat inter eruditos dolorem psychologicum esse inexorabilem [[exsistentia]]e [[homo|humanae]] proprietatem.<ref>R. S. G. Wille, "On the capacity to endure psychic pain," ''The Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review'' 34 (2011): 23–30. {{doi|10.1080/01062301.2011.10592880}}. [http://www.pep-web.org/document.php?id=spr.034.0023a Pep-Web.]</ref> Multae [[traditio]]nes [[religio]]sae, sicut [[Octupla Via Nobilis]] in [[Buddhismus|Buddhismo]], dolorem psychologicum tractare vel adhibitionem praebere conantur. [[Meditatio]] [[valetudo|valetudinii]] mentis prodest.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nhs.uk/news/2010/08August/Pages/Meditation-and-brain-changes.aspx|title=Meditation changes the brain|work=www.nhs.uk|date=17 Augusti 2010}}.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/tag/mindfulness-meditation/|title=Mindfulness Meditation|website=Harvard Gazette|language=en|access-date=1 Maii 2018}}.</ref> Usitatissimum exercitationis meditationis genus in [[therapia]] est [[memor]]abilitas, cuius exercitatores exercitationes animi in [[respiratio|spiritum]] intenti adhibent ad tensiones [[anxietas|anxietatesque]] cum dolore animi motus coniunctas tractandas, [[symptoma]]s [[physiologia|physiologicas]] imminuentes. ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Orbach, I., M. Mikulincer, E. Gilboa-Schechtman, et P. Sirota. [[2003]]. "Mental pain and its relationship to suicidality and life meaning." ''Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior'' 33 (3): 231–41. doi:10.1521/suli.33.3.231.23213. [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1521/suli.33.3.231.23213/abstract Abstractum.] *Shneidman, Edwin S. [[1996]]. ''The Suicidal Mind.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. *Weiss, E. [[1934]]. "Bodily pain and mental pain." ''The International Journal of Psychoanalysis'' 15: 1–13. [http://www.pep-web.org/document.php?id=ijp.015.0001a Editio interretialis.] {{NexInt}} * [[Algologia]] *[[Dolor neuropathicus]] *[[Depressio (psychiatria)|Depressio]] *[[Melancholia]] *[[Miseria]] *[[Pessimismus]] *[[Psychologia clinica]] *[[Violentia psychica]] [[Categoria:Animi motus]] [[Categoria:Dolor]] [[Categoria:Psychologia clinica]] [[Categoria:Algologia]] anbk4yleaw9dq765uh19fzc0xksdzc7 Insula Principis Cambriae (Nunavut) 0 296064 3993266 3730760 2026-10-06T20:40:10Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Nunavut]] 3993266 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|72|40|N|99|00|W|region:CA-NU_type:isle_scale:5000000|display=title}} [[Fasciculus:PrinceofWalesIslandCloseup.png|thumb|Insula Principis Cambriae in [[Nunavut]].]] [[Fasciculus:Wfm prince of wales island nunavut.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|Despectus ex [[aer]]e in Insulam Principis Cambriae et insulas propinquas.]] [[Fasciculus:Polar bear on an ice floe, the bloody trail shows its prey was dragged over the floe, off Prince of Wales Island, Nunavut, Canada, September 2019.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Ursus maritimus]] fragmentum [[glacies|glaciei]] natantem in Freto Frankliniano ad [[oriens|orientem]] Insulae Principis Cambriae versus defendit. Vestigium [[sanguis|sanguineum]] monstrat [[praeda]]m trans fragmentum tractam fuisse. [[Photographema]] Septembri [[2019]].]] '''Insula Principis Cambriae'''{{FD ref}}<ref>[[Latine]] legitur nomen ''insula Principis Cambriae'' apud Friderici Benjamin Osiander ''Epigrammata in diversas res musei sui anatomici et pinacothecae cum figuris aere incisis et expressis,'' ed. secunda (Gottingae: sumptibus auctoris impressa, typis J. C. Baieri, 1814), p. 173; sed haec locutio aliam quidem insulam attingere videtur.</ref> vel '''Insulae Principis Walliae'''{{FD ref}} ([[Anglice]] ''Prince of Wales Island''; [[Francice]] ''Île du Prince-de-Galles''), una ex maioribus [[Archipelagus Arcticus Canadiensis|Archipelagi Arctici Canadiensis]] [[insula|insulis]] [[arctica|arcticis]], in [[Nunavut]] [[Canada]]e inter [[insula]]s [[Victoria (Canada)|Victoriam]] et [[Insula Somersetensis (Nunavut)|Somersetensem]] atque ad [[meridies|meridiem]] [[Insulae Reginae Elizabethae|Insularum Reginae Elizabethae]] versus iacet. Ut facilius [[rectio|administretur]], in [[regio]]nes [[Qikiqtaaluk]] et [[Kitikmeot]] dividitur. [[Colonia]]e perpetuae absunt. [[Area (geometria)|Area]] Insulae Principis Cambriae est 33&thinsp;339 [[chiliometrum quadratum|chiliometra quadrata]]. Insula est quadragesima a maxima [[tellus|orbis terrarum]] insula et decima a maxima in Canada sita. Ex Alberto Eduardo, primigenito [[Victoria Regina|Victoriae Reginae]] [[filius|filio]], tunc annos decem nato et iam [[Princeps Cambriae|Principe Cambriae]], primum anno [[1851]] appellata est; qui [[princeps]] tandem anno [[1901]] [[Eduardus VII (rex Britanniarum)|Eduardus VII]] [[rex]] [[regnum|regnare]] coeperit. ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== * Blackadar, Robert Gordon. [[1967]]. ''Precambrian Geology of Boothia Peninsula, Somerset Island, and Prince of Wales Island, District of Franklin.'' Ottavae: Department of Energy, Mines and Resources. * Christie, Robert Loring. [[1967]]. ''Stratigraphic Sections of Palaeozoic Rocks on Prince of Wales and Somerset Island, District of Franklin, Northwest Territories.'' Ottavae: Queen's Printer. * Dyke, Arthur S. [[1992]]. ''Quaternary Geology of Prince of Wales Island, Arctic Canada.'' Ottavae: Geological Survey of Canada. ISBN 0-660-14408-5. * Mayr, Ulrich. [[2004]]. ''Geology of eastern Prince of Wales Island and adjacent smaller islands, Nunavut (parts of NTS 68D, Baring Channel and 68A, Fisher Lake).'' Ottavae: Geological Survey of Canada. ISBN 0-660-18804-X. * Osborn, Sherard. [[1852]]. ''Stray leaves from an Arctic journal, or, Eighteen months in the polar regions: in search of Sir John Franklin's expedition, in the years 1850–51.'' Novi Eboraci: Putnam’s. [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_6t8-AAAAYAAJ Archivum.] * Savours, Ann. [[1999]]. ''The Search for the North West Passage.'' Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312223724. [https://archive.org/details/searchfornorth00savo_0 Archivum.] ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Prince of Wales Island|Insulam Principis Cambriae}} {{Fontes geographici}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140606232948/http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/toporama?center=-154534.82282222,2580446.4626932&zoom=6 "Prince of Wales Island"] in ''Atlas of Canada.'' Toporama; Natural Resources Canada. {{DEFAULTSORT:Principis Cambriae, insulae}} [[Categoria:Archipelagus Arcticus]] [[Categoria:Insulae Canadae]] [[Categoria:Regio Arctica]] [[Categoria:Nunavut]] {{Myrias|Geographia}} jsixusuk68a263gcuewb0bscw541uw3 Victoria (Canada) 0 296149 3993265 3955586 2026-10-06T20:39:00Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Territoria septentrio-occidentalia (Canada)]]; +[[Categoria:Nunavut]] 3993265 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Wfm victoria island.jpg|thumb|Despectus in Insulam Victorianam ex [[satelles|satellite]].]]{{videdis|Victoria}} [[Fasciculus:Victoria Island, Canada.svg|thumb|Locus Insulae Victorianae ([[ruber]]) in [[tabula geographica]] Canadae.]] [[Fasciculus:Victoria_topo.png|thumb|Topographia Insulae Victorianae.]] '''Victoria''' (Inuctitutice: ''Kitlineq''),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/ethnoatlas/hmar/cult_dir/culture.7838 |title=Society-COPPER-ESKIMO |publisher=ukc.ac.uk |access-date=1 Novembris 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514030724/http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/EthnoAtlas/Hmar/Cult_dir/Culture.7838 |archive-date=14 Maii 2008}}.</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Swann |first=Brian |title=Wearing the Morning Star: Native American Song-Poems |publisher=University of Nebraska Press |location=Lincolniae Nebrascae |year=[[2005]] |pages=133 |isbn=0-8032-9340-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7D2zoR21JHIC&q=Kitlineq+Victoria+Island&pg=PA133 }}</ref> vel '''Insula Victoriana,'''{{FD ref}} est magna [[insula]] [[arctica]] in [[Archipelagus Arcticus Canadiensis|Archipelago Arctico Canadiensi]] sita, quae super fines [[Nunavut]] et [[Territoria septentrio-occidentalia (Canada)|Territoriorum Septentrio-Occidentalium]] [[Canada]]e insistit, ad [[meridies|meridiem]] [[occidens|occidentemque]] [[Insula Principis Cambriae (Nunavut)|Insulae Principis Cambriae]] iacens. [[Terra]] insularis est octava a maxima [[tellus|orbis terrarum]] et secunda a maxima in Canada sita, 700 [[chiliometrum|chiliometra]] longa et inter 564 et 623 chiliometra lata, cuius [[area (geometria)|area]] est 217&thinsp;291 [[chiliometrum quadratum|chiliometra quadrata]]. Paene altero tanto maior quam [[Terra Nova]] (111&thinsp;390 chiliometra quadrata), et aliquantulum maior quam [[Magna Britannia]] (209&thinsp;331 chiliometra quadrata), sed minor quam [[Honsua]] est (225&thinsp;800 chiliometra quadrata). Maximam orbis terrarum insulam intra insulam continet.<ref>{{cite web |last=Wolchover |first=Natalie |title=World's Largest Island-in-a-lake-on-an-island-in-a-lake-on-an-island Seen on Google Earth |url=http://www.livescience.com/33679-world-largest-island-lake-island-lake-island-google-earth.html |publisher=LiveScience |access-date=15 Septembris 2013 |date=22 Ianuarii 2012}}.</ref> Occidentalis insulae tertia pars in [[Regio Inuvik|Regione Inuvik]] Territoriorum Septentrio-Occidentalium iacet; quod restat pars [[Regio Kitikmeot|Regionis Kitikmeot]] in Nunavut est. ==Historia== Anno [[1826]] [[Ioannes Richardson (naturalista)|Ioannes Richardson]] [[historia naturalis (scientia)|naturalista]] [[paeninsula]]m [[meridies|meridianam]] et [[occidens|occidentalem]] vidit, quam [[Wollaston (paeninsula)|Terram Wollastonianam]] appellavit.<ref name=Franklin1828>{{cite book | last = Franklin | first = John | title = Narrative of a second expedition to the shores of the Polar sea in the years 1825, 1826 and 1827, by John Franklin, . . . including an account of the progress of a detachment to the Eastward, by John Richardson. | publisher = J. Murray | year = [[1828]] | location = Londinii | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_QOyb_rz5czIC| quote = John Franklin 1826}}.</ref> Anno [[1839]], [[Petrus Warren Dease]] et [[Thomas Simpson (explorator)|Thomas Simpson]] [[explorator]]es, oram meridianam [[oriens|orientemque]] sequentes, omnem insulam Victoria Land ('Terram Victorianam') appellaverunt.<ref name=Simpson>{{cite book | last = Simpson | first = Thomas | title = Narrative of the discoveries on the north coast of America: effected by the officers of the Hudson's Bay Company during the years 1836-39. | publisher = R. Bentley | year = [[1843]] | location = Londinii | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_CXBIAAAAMAAJ| quote = Thomas Simpson 1843.}}</ref> Annis [[1850]] et [[1851]], [[Robertus McClure]] plurimum Insulae Banksianae circumnavigavit, quam a residuo Terrae Victorianae separavit; ipse et sui [[tabula geographica|tabulas geographicas]] septentrionalis occidentalisque Insulae Victorianae orarum fecerunt.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Discovery of the North-West Passage |last=McClure |first=Robert|editor1-first=Sherard |editor1-last=Osborn |editor1-link= |year=[[1856]] |publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts |location=Londinii |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_SGUZAAAAMAAJ}}.</ref> Anno [[1905]], Godfred Hansen, unus e [[nauta|nautis]] [[Rodoaldus Amundsen|Rodoaldi Amundsen]], tabulas orae orientalis usque ad Caput Nansen fecit,<ref name=Amundsen>{{cite book|last=Amundsen|first=Roald et Godfred Hansen|title=Roald Amundsen's "The North West Passage"; being the record of a voyage of exploration of the ship "Gjøa" 1903-1907|publisher=A Constable and Co.|year=[[1908]]|location=Londinii|isbn=9781548724412|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nwUZAAAAYAAJ&q=Roald+Amundsen's+North+West+Passage+1903+1907+Vol.+1&pg=PA27}}</ref> atque annis [[1916]] et [[1917]], Storker T. Storkerson, explorator in [[Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913–1916|Canadian Arctic Expedition]], [[Vilhjalmur Stefansson]] duce, tabulas orae septentrionis orientalisque fecit, Paeninsulam Storkersonianam videns.<ref name=Stefansson>{{cite book | last = Stefansson | first = Vilhjalmur | title = The Friendly Arctic: The Story of Five Years in Polar Regions | publisher = Macmillan | year = [[1922]] | location = Novi Eboraci | url =https://archive.org/details/friendlyarctics01stefgoog}}.</ref> ==Loca numero incolarum perscripta== {| class"wikitable sortable" |- !Nomen !Incolae |- |[[Cambridge Bay]] |1766 |- |[[Ulukhaktok]] |396 |} ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== * Fyles, J. G., D. A. Hodgson, et J. Bednarski. [[1988]]. ''Quaternary Geology of Wynniatt Bay, Victoria Island, Northwest Territories.'' Geological Survey of Canada: open file 2718. * Gyselman, E. C., et L. K. Gould. [[1992]]. ''Data on Amphidromous and Freshwater Fish from Central Victoria Island and Freshwater Systems Draining into Melville Sound and Elu Inlet, N.W.T., Canada.'' Winnipeg: Department of Fisheries and Oceans. * Hodgson, D. A., et J. Bednarski. [[1994]]. ''Preliminary Suficial Materials of Kagloryuak River (77F) and Burns Lake (77G), Victoria Island, Northwest Territories.'' Geological Survey of Canada: open file 2883. * Jakimchuk, R. D., et D. R. Carruthers. [[1980]]. ''Caribou and Muskoxen on Victoria Island, N.W.T.'' Sidney Columbiae Britannicae: R.D. Jakimchuk Management Associates. * McGhee, Robert. [[1971]]. ''An Archaeological Survey of Western Victoria Island, N.W.T., Canada.'' Otavae: National Museums of Canada. * Osborn, Sherard. [[1852]]. ''Stray leaves from an Arctic journal, or, Eighteen months in the polar regions: in search of Sir John Franklin's expedition, in the years 1850–51.'' Novi Eboraci: Putnam’s. [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_6t8-AAAAYAAJ Archivum.] * Parmelee, David Freeland, H. A. Stephens, et Richard H. Schmidt. [[1967]]. ''The Birds of Southeastern Victoria Island and Adjacent Small Islands.'' Otavae: [Queen's Printer]. * Peterson, E. B., R. D. Kabzems, et V. M. Levson. [[1981]]. ''Terrain and Vegetation along the Victoria Island Portion of a Polar Gas Combined Pipeline System.'' Sidney Columbiae Britannicae: Western Ecological Services. * Rainbird, Robert H. [[1991]]. ''Stratigraphy, Sedimentology and Tectonic Setting of the Upper Shaler Group, Victoria Island, Northwest Territories.'' Otavae: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. ISBN 0-315-66301-4. * Rainbird, R. H., A. N. LeCheminant, et I. Lawyer. [[1997]]. ''Geology, Duke of York Inlier, Victoria Island, Northwest Territories.'' Geological Survey of Canada: open file 3304. * Savours, Ann. [[1999]]. ''The Search for the North West Passage.'' Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312223724. [https://archive.org/details/searchfornorth00savo_0 Archivum.] * Washburn, A. L. [[1947]]. ''Reconnaissance Geology of Portions of Victoria Island and Adjacent Regions, Arctic Canada.'' Novi Eboraci: Geological Society of America. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Victoria Island, Canada|Insulam Victorianam}} {{Fontes geographici}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140606232948/http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/toporama?center=-154534.82282222,2580446.4626932&zoom=6 "Victoria Island"] In ''Atlas of Canada.'' Toporama; Natural Resources Canada. {{coord|70|25|N|107|45|W|region:CA-NU_type:isle_scale:5000000_source:http://www4.rncan.gc.ca/search-place-names/unique/OAUKA|display=title|name=Victoria Island}} [[Categoria:Archipelagus Arcticus]] [[Categoria:Insulae Canadae]] [[Categoria:Regio Arctica]] [[Categoria:Territoria septentrio-occidentalia (Canada)]] [[Categoria:Nunavut]] {{Myrias|Geographia}} ff176hqnhtxrtxly9jp7oo34z05ijxr Insulae Reginae Elizabethae 0 296264 3993267 3884708 2026-10-06T20:41:16Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Territoria septentrio-occidentalia (Canada)]]; +[[Categoria:Nunavut]] 3993267 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Map indicating the Queen Elizabeth (or Parry) Islands, northern Canada.png|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Tabula geographica]] Insularum Reginae Elizabethae in [[Canada]] [[septentrio]]nali. {{legend|#ffff66|Nunavut}}{{legend|#ffccff|Northwest Territories}}{{legend|#d5fe94|Quebec}}{{legend|#ffffcc|Greenland}}]] '''Insulae Reginae Elizabethae''' ([[Anglice]] ''Queen Elizabeth Islands''; [[Francogallice]] ''Îles de la Reine-Élisabeth''), usque ad annum 1953 '''Insulae Parry''' et '''Archipelagus Parry,''' sunt circulus [[insula]]rum maxime [[septentrio]]nalium in [[Archipelagus Arcticus|Archipelago Arctico]] [[Canada|Canadiensi]], inter [[Nunavut]] et [[Territoria septentrio-occidentalia (Canada)|Territoria septentrio-occidentalia]] in [[Canada Septentrionalis|Canada Septentrionali]] situs. Quae insulae quattuordecim fere centesimas [[area (geometria)|areae]] [[glaciarium|molium conglaciatarum]] et ''[[ice cap]]'' omnis [[tellus|orbis terrarum]] continent,<ref name=EAS2011>{{cite journal | url=http://arctic.eas.ualberta.ca/downloads/GRL2011_CAA%20Warming.pdf|title=Extreme melt on Canada's Arctic ice caps in the 21st century|first1=Martin |last1=Sharp|first2=David O. |last2=Burgess|first3=J. Graham |last3=Cogley|first4=Miles |last4=Ecclestone|first5=Claude |last5=Labine|first6=Gabriel J. |last6=Wolken|date= 9 Iunii 2011|access-date=20 Februarii 2014|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|volume=38|issue=11|pages=n/a|doi=10.1029/2011GL047381 |bibcode=2011GeoRL..3811501S}}.</ref> praeter terrestria et pluteiformia [[Groenlandia]]e et [[Antarctica]]e ''[[ice sheet]].'' ==Geographia== [[Fretum Parry|Freto Parry]] a parte [[Archipelagus Arcticus|archipelagi Arctici]] australi separatae sunt. Insulae huius [[archipelagus|archipelagi]], aream 419&thinsp;061 [[chiliometrum quadratum|chiliometrorum quadratorum]] habentes, una ex [[Elizabetha II]] appellatae sunt, cum anno [[1953]] diadema ei [[Monarchia Canadae|Reginae Canadiensi]] impositum esset. Ex his insulis, [[Insula Ellesmere]] est maxime septentrionalis multoque maxima [[terra|conformatio terrestris]], {{NexInt}} *[[Insula Melvillii]] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== [[Fasciculus:Queen_Elizabeth_islands_map.gif|thumb|upright=1.2|Insulae Reginae Elizabethae nominatim perscriptae.]] * Edlund, S. A. [[1990]]. ''Vegetation, central Queen Elizabeth Islands, District of Franklin, Northwest Territories / vegetation compiled by S.A. Edlund from GSC Open File maps at 1:250 000 scale ; geological cartography by M. Sigouin, Geological Survey of Canada ; colour separations were produced using digital methods ; bathymetry by Canadian Hydrographic Service, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada.'' Ottavae: The Survey. * Hodgson, D. A. [[1982]]. ''Surficial materials and geomorphological processes, Western Sverdrup and adjacent islands, District of Franklin (including Amund Ringnes, southern Ellef Ringnes, Cornwall, Graham and King Christian Islands).'' Ottavae: Geological Survey of Canada. ISBN 0660111160. * Miller, F. L., Richard H. Russell, et Anne Gunn. [[1977]]. ''Distributions, movements, and numbers of Peary caribou and muskoxen on western Queen Elizabeth Islands, Northwest Territories, 1972–74.'' Ottavae: Fisheries and Environment Canada. * Savours, Ann. [[1999]]. ''The Search for the North West Passage.'' Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312223724. [https://archive.org/details/searchfornorth00savo_0 Archivum.] * Tozer, E. T. [[1961]]. ''Triassic stratigraphy and faunas, Queen Elizabeth Islands, Arctic Archipelago.'' Ottavae: Department of Mines and Technical Surveys. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Queen Elizabeth Islands|Insulas Reginae Elizabethae}} {{Fontes geographici}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.oceandots.com/arctic/canada/bathurst.php |title=Bathurst Island |access-date=25 Augusti 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://www.oceandots.com/arctic/canada/bathurst.php |archive-date=23 Decembris 2010 }} apud oceandots.com. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070205061606/http://www.arctic.uoguelph.ca/cpe/environments/maps/detailed/islands/cornwall.htm "Cornwall Island"] apud oceandots.com. * {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://www.oceandots.com/arctic/canada/meighen.php |date=23 Decembris 2010 |title=Meighen Island }} apud oceandots.com. *{{cite web|url=http://www.oceandots.com/arctic/canada/prince-patrick.php |title=Prince Patrick Island |access-date=17 Augusti 2009 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://www.oceandots.com/arctic/canada/prince-patrick.php |archive-date=23 Decembris 2010 }} apud oceandots.com. {{DEFAULTSORT:Reginae Elizabethae, insulae}} [[Categoria:Archipelagus Arcticus]] [[Categoria:Insulae Canadae]] [[Categoria:Insulae Reginae Elizabethae| ]] [[Categoria:Regio Arctica]] [[Categoria:Territoria septentrio-occidentalia (Canada)]] [[Categoria:Nunavut]] {{Myrias|Geographia}} qmrwylf809dloo4frqxc74i1drrdrzi Hantonia Insula 0 296890 3993268 3955587 2026-10-06T20:41:53Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Nunavut]] 3993268 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:SouthamptonIslandCloseup.png|thumb|upright=1|Hantonia Insula.]] [[Fasciculus:Glacial rebound on Southhampton Island, Nunavut.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Repercussus postglacialis]] in Hantonia Insula. Palaeo-lineae ''strand'' [[nix|nive]] auctae per liquefactionem [[ver]]nalem anno [[2011]].]] '''Hantonia Insula'''{{FD ref}} ([[Anglice]] ''Southampton Island''; [[Inuctitutica]] ''Shugliaq''<ref>Issenman 1997: 252–54.</ref>) est magna [[insula]] [[arctica]] ad aditum [[Sinus Hudsonius|Sinus Hudsonii]] in [[Pelvis Foxe|Pelve Foxe]] sita. Quae insula, una e maximis [[Archipelagus Arcticus|Archipelagi Arctici]] [[Canada|Canadiensis]] insulis, est pars [[Regio Kivalliq|Regionis Kivalliq]] in [[Nunavut]]. [[Area (geometria)|Area]] [[terra|terrestris]] est 41&thinsp;214 [[chiliometrum quadratum|chiliometra quadrata]].<ref>Statistics Canada. [http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/phys07.htm Statistics Canada] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040812115837/http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/phys07.htm |date=12 Augusti 2004 }}.</ref> Altissimus locus est 625 metra supra [[aequor maris]]. Insula est tricesima quarta a maxima in [[orbis terrarum|orbe terrarum]] et nona a maxima in Canada. Solus [[habitatio|locus habitatus]] in insula est [[Portus Curalii]] (''Coral Harbour''), ''Salliq'' Inuctitutice appellatus, quem 834 [[homo|homines]] anno [[2011]] incolabant. Hantonia Insula est una e perpaucis [[regio]]nibus in Canada, ac sola in Nunavut, quae [[tempus aestivum]] neglegit. Ex [[Hantonia]] in [[Anglia]] appellatur. ==Geographia== [[Fretum Conglaciatum]] (''Frozen Straight'') Hantoniam Insulam et [[Paeninsula Melville|Paeninsulam Melville]] separat.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bartleby.com/69/68/F03568.html |title=Frozen Strait |year=[[2000]] |publisher=The Columbia Gazetteer of North America |access-date=7 Apriliis 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050522052837/http://bartleby.com/69/68/F03568.html |archive-date=22 Maii 2005}}.</ref> Inter alias [[via]]s aquarias quae insulam circumdant sunt [[Fretum Roes Welcome]] (''Roes Welsome Sound'') ad occidentem versus, [[Sinus Misericordiae Dei]] (''Bay of Gods Mercy'') ad meridiem et occidentem versus, [[Fretum Fisheranum]] ad meridiem versus, [[Fretum Evansianum]] ad meridiem et orientem versus, et [[Canalis Foxe]] (''Foxe Channel'') ad orientem versus. Lacus Hansine in terra maxime [[septentrio]]nali iacet. [[Paeninsula Bell]] in meridie et oriente insulae regione patet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bivouac.com/MtnPg.asp?MtnId=3186|title=Mathiasen Mountain Nunavut|work=bivouac.com|access-date=14 Octobris 2008}}.</ref> [[Mathiassen Mons]], unus e [[Montes Porsildiani|Montibus Porsildianis]] (''Porsild Mountains''), est [[altitudo|altissimum]] insulae [[mons|cacumen]]. Conformatio insulae conformationis [[Terra Nova|Terrae Novae]] aliquantulum similis in [[tabula geographica|tabulis geographicis]] videtur. ==Fauna== [[Sanctuarium Avium Migratoriarum Sinus Orientalis]] (''East Bay Migratory Bird Sanctuary'') et [[Sanctuarium Avium Migratoriarum Harrii Gibbons]] (''Harry Gibbons Migratory Bird Sanctuary'') in Hantonia Insula patent, et locis feturae [[anser]]um ''[[Anser caerulescens caerulescens|caerulescentium caerulescentium]]'' magni momenti prosunt. Insula praeterea est locus binarum [[Regio Aviaria Magni Momenti|Regionum Aviarium Magni Momenti]] (''Important Bird Areas''), ut [[lex|lege]] circumscribuntur, quae [[locus uliginosus|loci uliginosi]] [[Flumen Boasianum|Fluminis Boasiani]] in [[meridies|meridie]] et [[occidens|occidente]] ac [[Sinus Orientalis (Nunavut)|Sinus Orientalis/Native Bay]] in meridie et [[oriens|oriente]] sunt. [[Aestas|Aestivae]] ''Anserum caerulescentium caerulescentium'' [[colonia]]e ambas regiones obtinent, quae plus quam 10 centesimas omnium harum [[avis|avium]] in [[orbis terrarum|orbe terrarum]] una comprehendunt, et quidem plus quam 500&thinsp;000 harum avium in terra secundum Flumen Boasianum [[nidus|nidificant]]. Minores, sed etiam magni momenti, sunt [[colonia]]e ''[[Branta bernicla|Brantarum berniclarum]]'' et multarum [[species|specierum]] [[aves|avium]] [[polus|polarium]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.ibacanada.ca/mobile/site.jsp?siteID=NU022 |title=Boas River and associated wetlands (NU022) |work=Important Bird Areas |publisher=IBA Canada |access-date=11 Decembris 2016}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.ibacanada.ca/mobile/site.jsp?siteID=NU023 |title=East Bay/Native Bay (NU023) |work=Important Bird Areas |publisher=IBA Canada |access-date=11 Decembris 2016}}.</ref> Hantonia Insula est unus e binis regionibus in [[Sinus Hudsonius|Sinu Hudsonio]] cuius [[aqua]]s ''[[Balaena mysticetus|Balaenae mysticeti]]'' [[aestas|aestate]] frequentare solent.<ref name=sararegistry>{{cite book|isbn=0-662-40573-0 |title=COSEWIC Assessment and Update Status Report on the Bowhead Whale ''Balaena mysticetus'' |year=[[2005]] |publisher=COSEWIC |url=http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/virtual_sara/files/cosewic/sr_bowhead_whale_e.pdf}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.coralharbour.ca/coralharbour_wildlife.html|title=Coral Harbour - Land and Wildlife|website=www.coralharbour.ca|access-date=19 Aprilis [[2018]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180418024349/http://www.coralharbour.ca/coralharbour_wildlife.html|archive-date=18 Aprilis 2018|url-status=dead}}.</ref><ref>Susan E. Cosens et Stuart Innes, [http://www.nwmb.com/en/public-hearings/2008/mar-06-2008-level-of-tah-for-bowhead-whales/552-tab16-arctic-2000/file "Distribution and Numbers of Bowhead Whales (''Balaena mysticetus'') in Northwestern Hudson Bay in August 1995, " ] ''Arctic'' 53, no. 1 (Martio): 36– 41.</ref> ==Pinacotheca== <gallery> Fasciculus:Southampton Island 1913.jpg|[[Tabula geographica]] Hantoniae Insulae a Capitaneo [[Georgius Comer|Georgio Comer]] anno [[1913]] facta. Fasciculus:Wfm southampton island.jpg|Despectus in Hantoniam Insulam ex [[satelles|satellite]]. </gallery> {{NexInt}} * ''[[Branta canadensis]]'' * [[Thomas Button]] * [[Inuit]] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== * Bird, J. Brian. [[195]]. ''Southampton Island.'' Ottavae: E. Cloutier. * Brack, D. M. [[1962]]. ''Southampton Island Area Economic Survey With Notes on Repulse Bay and Wager Bay.'' Ottavae: Area & Community Planning Section, Industrial Division, Dept. of Northern Affairs and National Resources. * Issenman, Betty. [[1997]]. ''Sinews of Survival: The living legacy of Inuit clothing.'' UBC Press. * [[Therkel Mathiassen|Mathiassen, Therkel]]. [[1931]]. ''Contributions to the Physiography of Southampton Island.'' Hafniae: Gyldendalske Boghandel. * Osborn, Sherard. [[1852]]. ''Stray leaves from an Arctic journal, or, Eighteen months in the polar regions: in search of Sir John Franklin's expedition, in the years 1850–51.'' Novi Eboraci: Putnam’s. [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_6t8-AAAAYAAJ Archivum.] * Parker, G. R. [[1975]]. ''An Investigation of Caribou Range on Southampton Island, Northwest Territories.'' Ottavae: Information Canada. * Pickavance, J. R. [[2006]]. "The Spiders of East Bay, Southampton Island, Nunavut, Canada." ''Arctic'' 59 (3): 276–82. * Popham, R. E. [[1953]]. "A Comparative Analysis of the Digital Patterns of Eskimo from Southampton Island." ''American Journal of Physical Anthropology'' 11 (2): 203–13. * Popham, R. E., et W. D. Bell. [[1951]]. "Eskimo crania from Southampton Island." ''Revue Canadienne De Biologie'' 10 (5): 435–42. * Savours, Ann. [[1999]]. ''The Search for the North West Passage.'' Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312223724. [https://archive.org/details/searchfornorth00savo_0 Archivum.] * Sutton, George Miksch. [[1932]]. ''The Birds of Southampton Island.'' Pittsburgi: Carnegie Institute. * Sutton, George Miksch, et John Bonner Semple. [[1932]]. ''The Exploration of Southampton Island.'' Pittsburgi: Carnegie Institute. * VanStone, James W. [[1959]]. ''The Economy and Population Shifts of the Eskimos of Southampton Island.'' Ottavae: Northern Co-Ordination and Research Centre, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Southampton Island|Hantoniam Insulam}} {{Fontes geographici}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070311095024/http://www.pc.gc.ca/docs/v-g/nation/sec4/nation74_e.asp Parks Canada: Southampton Plains.] * [https://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/200/301/ic/can_digital_collections/parks_atlas/chap28/REGION28.html "Natural Region 28: Southampton Plain."] {{coord|64|30|N|084|30|W|region:CA-NU_type:isle_scale:2500000|display=inline,title|name=Southampton Island}} [[Categoria:Archipelagus Arcticus]] [[Categoria:Insulae Canadae]] [[Categoria:Regio Arctica]] [[Categoria:Sinus Hudsonius]] [[Categoria:Nunavut]] {{Myrias|Geographia}} 32pkjpleyj1sd2r12twjuqqf22pgzes Insula Banksiana 0 296899 3993269 3958693 2026-10-06T20:42:44Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Territoria septentrio-occidentalia (Canada)]] 3993269 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Canada2.A2002165.1940.250m.jpg|thumb|Imagines spectroradiometricae, diebus 14 et 16 Iunii anno 2002 factae, Insulam Banksianam (laeva superiori) et [[Victoria (Canada)|Victoriam Insulam]] (in meridie et oriente) monstrant.]] [[Fasciculus:BanksIslandCloseup.png|thumb|Collocatio Insulae Banksianae.]] [[Fasciculus:Banks_topo.png|thumb|[[Topographia]] Insulae Banksianae.]] [[Fasciculus:Nlc hms investigator.jpg|thumb|''HMS Investigator'' prope Insulam Baring anno 1851.]] '''Insula Banksiana'''<ref>Cf. [[binomen|binomina]] ''Pinus banksiana, Panurgus banksianus, Notamacropus rufogriseus banksianus'' etc.</ref> ([[Anglice]] ''Banks Island'') est una e maximis [[Archipelagus Arcticus|Archipelagi Arctici]] [[Canada|Canadiensis]] [[insula|insulis]]. Quae in [[Regio Inuvik|Regione Inuvik]], pars [[Regio Deductionis Inuvialuit|Regionis Deductionis Inuvialuit]] ([[Anglice]] ''Inuvialuit Settlement Region'') [[Territoria septentrio-occidentalia (Canada)|Territoriorum Septentrio-Occidentalium]], disiungitur a [[Victoria (Canada)|Victoria Insula]] a [[Fretum Principis Cambriae|Freto Principis Cambriae]] ad [[oriens|orientem]] versus et a [[continens|continente]] a [[Sinus Amundsenianus (Canada)|Sinu Amundseniano]] ad [[meridies|meridiem]] versus. [[Mare Beaufortii]] ad [[occidens|occidentem]] iacet, ac [[Fretum M'Clure]] ad [[septentrio]]nes et orientem versus insulam ab insulis [[Insula Principis Patricii|Principis Patricii]] et [[Insula Melvillii|Melvillii]] disiungit. Insula est 380 [[chiliometrum|chiliometra]] [[longitudo|longa]] et 290 chiliometra [[latitudo|lata]], et eius [[area (geometria)|area]] [[terra|terrestris]] est 70&thinsp;028 [[chiliometrum quadratum|chiliometra quadrata]]. Altissimus locus est Durham Heights, 730 [[metrum|metra]] supra [[aequor maris]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|author=James Harley Marsh|author-link= |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/banks-island|title=Banks Island|encyclopedia=The Canadian Encyclopedia|date=4 Martii 2015|access-date=11 Septembris 2019}}.</ref> Insula est vicesima quarta a maxima in [[orbis terrarum|orbe terrarum]] et quinta a maxima in [[Canada]]. Ex [[Iosephus Banks|Iosepho Banks]] [[Eques|Equite]] appellatur. Solus [[habitatio|locus habitatus]] in insula est [[Portus Sachsianus]] (''Sachs Harbour''; [[lingua Inuvialuit|Inuvialuitice]] ''Ikhuak''), in [[ora]] [[meridies|meridiana]] et [[occidens|occidentali]] patens, quem 103 [[homo|homines]] anno [[2011]] incolabant.<ref name="2016census">{{cite web |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6101041&Geo2=PR&Code2=61&Data=Count&SearchText=Sachs%20Harbour&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=6101041&TABID=1 |title=Census Profile, 2016 Census Sachs Harbour, Hamlet [Census subdivision], Northwest Territories and Northwest Territories [Territory]|work=Canada 2016 Census |publisher=Statistics Canada}}.</ref> ==Oecologia== ===Flora=== [[Arbor]]ibus insula caret omnino, et crescit altissima [[planta]], ''[[Salix arctica]],'' solum usque ad 40 fere [[centimetrum|centimetra]], sed plerumque 10 centimetra alta. ===Fauna=== Paene quattuordecim [[species]] [[mammalia|mammalium]] insulam habitant, inter quas ''[[Rangifer tarandus pearyi]],'' ''[[Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus]],'' et ''[[Ursus maritimus]].'' Olim plus quam 68&thinsp;000 ''[[Ovibos moschatus|Oviboum moschatorum]]'' in insula inveni poterant, maior pars omnium in [[orbis terrarum|orbe terrarum]]; [[bacterium]] autem ''[[Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae]]'' eorum [[numerus|numeros]] magnopere imminuit. [[Aestas|Aestate]] nonnulla centena milia [[aves|avium]] [[migratio|migratoriarum]] in Sanctuario Avium Migratoriarum Insulae Banksianae Primo et Sanctuario Avium Migratoriarum Insulae Banksianae Altero [[nidus|nidificant]].<ref>[https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/migratory-bird-sanctuaries/locations/banks-island-number-1.html Banks Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary No. 1.]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200520033800/https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/migratory-bird-sanctuaries/locations/banks-island-number-2.html Banks Island Migratory Bird Sanctuary No. 2.]</ref> Insulam Banksianam [[habitatio|habitant]] duae partes omnium ''[[Anser caerulescens caerulescens|Anserum caerulescentium caerulescentium]]'' (''snow geese'') quae in vita sunt. Qui [[anser]]es trans [[Sinus Amundsenianus (Canada)|Sinum Amundsenianum]] a [[continens|continente]] quotannis [[migratio|migrant]], cum homines ex Portu Sachsiano eos [[ver]]e [[venatio|venatum]] exeant. Insula est pars [[biome|biomae]]{{dubsig}} [[tundra]]e, ubi [[hiems|hiemes]] maxime frigidae sunt. In [[terra]] insulari vigent [[Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus|rangiferi tarandi groenlandici]], [[ursus maritimus|ursi maritimi]], [[ovibos moschatus|oviboves moschati]], multaeque [[species]] [[aves|avium]] [[polus|polarium]], inter quas ''[[Corvus corax]]'' variaeque species ''[[Lagopus|Lagopodorum]],'' qui omnem per annum hic inveniuntur. {{NexInt}} * [[Inuit]] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Armstrong, Alexander. [[1857]]. ''A Personal Narrative of the Discovery of the Northwest Passage.'' Londinii: Hurst and Blackett [https://archive.org/details/apersonalnarrat00armsgoog Archivum.] * Canada. [[1978]]. ''Banks Island, a Natural Area of Canadian Significance.'' Ottavae: Parks Canada. * Cotter, R. C., et J. E. Hines. [[2001]]. "Breeding Biology of Brant on Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada." ''Arctic'' 54: 357–66. * Gajewski, K, R. Mott, J. Ritchie, et K. Hadden. [[2000]]. "Holocene Vegetation History of Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada." ''Canadian Journal of Botany'' 78: 430–36. * Holyoak, D. T. [[1983]]. "Notes on the Birds of Southwestern Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada." ''Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club'' 103, no. 2 (Iunius). * Issenman, Betty. [[1997]]. ''Sinews of Survival: The living legacy of Inuit clothing.'' UBC Press. * Manning, T. H., E. O. Höhn, et A. H. Macpherson. [[1956]]. ''The Birds of Banks Island.'' * Osborn, Sherard. [[1852]]. ''Stray leaves from an Arctic journal, or, Eighteen months in the polar regions: in search of Sir John Franklin's expedition, in the years 1850–51.'' Novi Eboraci: Putnam’s. [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_6t8-AAAAYAAJ Archivum.] * Savours, Ann. [[1999]]. ''The Search for the North West Passage.'' Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0312223724. [https://archive.org/details/searchfornorth00savo_0 Archivum.] * Stephens, L. E., L. W. Sobczak, et E. S. Wainwright. [[1972]]. ''Gravity Measurements on Banks Island, N.W.T.'' Gravity map series, 150. Ottavae: Dept. of Energy, Mines and Resources, Earth Physics Branch. * Stephenson, S. A. [[2010]]. ''Fishes of the Thomsen River, Banks Island, Northwest Territories.'' Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 2944. * Struzik, Ed. [[2000]]. "And then there Were 84,000: The Return of Musk-Oxen to Canada's Banks Island in Recent Decades Is Just One Chapter of a Beguiling Arctic Mystery." ''International Wildlife'' 30 (1): 28. * Will, Richard T. [[1983]]. ''Utilization of Banks Island Muskoxen by Nineteenth Century Copper Inuit.'' [S.l.]: Boreal Institute for Northern Studies. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Banks Island|Insulam Banksianam}} {{Fontes geographici}} * [http://www.civilization.ca/hist/cae/exp36be.html Banks Island apud civilization.ca.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140106181859/http://www.pwnhc.ca/exhibits/staffpicks/lagoon-index.asp "Banks Island Archaeological Site."] De variis artefactis Dorsetianis quae a Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre in Territoriis Septentrio-Occidentalibus Canadae collecta sunt. * [http://www.uscg.mil/pacarea/healy/deployments/AEWS03/Northwest%20Passage/Historical%20Guide/Historical%20Guide.htm Loci historii transitus septentrio-occidentalis.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070303230704/http://ve.tpl.toronto.on.ca/frozen_ocean/map_inglefield_1853.htm Tabula geographica transitus septentrio-occidentalis.] * {{coord|72|45|02|N|121|30|10|W|display=inline,title|region:CA-NT_type:isle_scale:5000000_source:http://www4.rncan.gc.ca/search-place-names/unique/LACAR|name=Banks Island}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Banksiana, insula}} [[Categoria:Archipelagus Arcticus]] [[Categoria:Insulae Canadae]] [[Categoria:Mare Beaufortii]] [[Categoria:Regio Arctica]] [[Categoria:Territoria septentrio-occidentalia (Canada)]] {{Myrias|Geographia}} qif5y26z53uk9dacz4jil1a6zmttkr3 Diiriye Guure 0 299220 3993295 3654421 2026-10-06T23:30:50Z ~2026-53846-80 215858 3993295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Vicificanda}} '''Garad Diiriye Guure''' ([[1860]]–[[1920]]) a 1896, coronatus est 1895, usque ad mortem suam fuit rex Darawiish. Anno 1896 etiam factus est Dhulbahante rex, quam antea garad (dux) rexerat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uxIOAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Diiriye+Guure%22|title=Taariikhdii daraawiishta iyo Sayid Maxamad Cabdille Xasan, 1895-1920|last1=Ciise|first1=Jaamac Cumar|year=2005}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|year=1907|title=Official History of the Operations in Somaliland, 1901-04|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fZQLAAAAIAAJ&q=%22guarantee+of+any+kind+as+to+%22+gure}}</ref> == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Diiriye Guure}} {{Lifetime|1860|1920|Guure, Diiriye}} [[Categoria:Reges]] [[Categoria:Incolae Somaliae]] dakilmz4owligaiyw75lob1cpmsr6y8 Daniel Gulielmus "Danny" Fenton 0 303124 3993321 3950262 2026-10-07T06:06:06Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993321 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-4}} '''Danny Spiritus''' (Anglice ''Danny Phantom'') est heroicus et phantasticus alter-ego{{dubsig}} '''Danielis Gulielmi "Danny" Fenton''' (Anglice ''Daniel William "Danny" Fenton''), [[superheros]], primus et titulus character{{dubsig}} [[Nickelodeon|Nickelodeonis]] animatae seriei televisificae ''[[Danny Phantom]]'', a [[Butch Hartman]], Shannon Tendell, et [[Stephanus Silver|Stephani Silver]] excogitatus. Danny Spiritus a [[Davide Kaufman]] vocatur.<ref>[http://mysite.verizon.net/zcat6/IntBH2006p3.html Res.]</ref> Danny vires suas accipit per accidens{{dubsig}} cum portae{{dubsig}} larvae parentum. Per seriem, Danny vires suas superare contendit dum vitam scholam conpensat et proprias teenage{{dubsig}} affectus.{{dubsig}} [[Puer]] [[Religio Christiana|Christianus]]<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pZF1t7dO5TI Res.]</ref> quattuor annorum in [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatibus Foederatis Americae]] habitat. Parentes eius Ioannes et Magdalena Fenton, et soror eius maior Jasmine Fenton. Duos amicos optimos{{dubsig}} habet, Samantham Manson et Foley Tucker.<ref>[https://books.google.ca/books?id=YX_daEhlnbsC&pg=PA234&dq=danny+phantom&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj3vLC99e7pAhWXzzgGHbuODqEQ6AEIVDAI Res.]</ref> In tenniludio ludius{{dubsig}} [[Naomi Osaka]] eum ad primum [[amor]]em studium in colloquio cum ''Teen Vogue'' refert.{{dubsig}}<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221116143015/https://www.essentiallysports.com/naomi-osaka-reveals-her-first-crush-wta-tennis-news/ Res.]</ref> == Notae == <references/> {{pers-fict-stipula}} [[Categoria:Angelopolis]] [[Categoria:Personae ficticiae]] [[Categoria:Superheroes]] ihkl9tsxgph8e6keakb11zwo9o65iyx Formula:Si in substitutione 10 307945 3993190 3946706 2026-10-06T14:32:52Z Grufo 64423 Changed protection settings for "[[Formula:Si in substitutione]]": [[:Categoria:Substitutiones quae suas transclusiones protrahunt|Substitutiones quae suas transclusiones protrahunt]] hac formula nituntur ([Recensio=Sinere solum magistratus] (infinita) [Motio=Sinere solum magistratus] (infinita)) 3836170 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{subst:<noinclude />#if:/|/}}|/|{{{1|}}}|{{{2|}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> su7j2j035y8ke0px2kmpolbaxcz190d Iosephus de Eichendorff 0 310045 3993160 3803208 2026-10-06T12:26:30Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3993160 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Joseph von Eichendorff.jpg|thumb|Iosephus de Eichendorff, poeta.]] '''Iosephus de Eichendorff''' (natus in [[Castellum Łubowice|Castello Łubowice]] apud [[Ratiboria]]m die [[10 Martii]] [[1788]]; mortuus [[1857]] [[Nysa (urbs)|Nysa]] in [[Oppolia|Palatinatu Oppoliensi]] die [[26 Novembris]]) fuit [[poeta]] [[Germania|Germanicus]] [[romanticismus|romanticismum]] fovens. ==Vita== Iosephus more [[ecclesia Catholica Romana|catholico]] et sumptu patricio educatus ex anno 1801 gymnasium catholicum [[Vratislavia|Vratislaviense]] frequentavit. Quadriennio post [[salinae Saxonicae|Salinis Saxonicis]] et [[Heidelberg]]ae iurisprudentiae studebat. Cuius facultatem poeticam magnam [[Achim von Arnim]], [[Clemens Brentano]], [[Iosephus Görres]], [[Fredericus Creuzer]] et [[Otho de Loeben]] Heidelbergae alebant atque maturabant. Itaque Iosephus consilium de [[carmen|carminibus]] pangendis cepit. Notiones romanticismi Eichendorffiani<ref>Cf. [https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=idn%3D101431836X ''Florilegium Eichendorffianum''] [[Anna Elissa Radke|Annae Elissae Radke]].</ref> nupserunt et odio occupatorum [[francia|Francogallicorum]] et detrectationi [[illuminismus|illuminismi]]. In initio [[pseudonymum|falso nomine]] ''Florentis'' poemata diversis locis publicavit, postid scripsit mythistoriam ''Ahnung und Gegenwart'' (redactio ultima anno 1811). Vere anni 1813, cum rex [[Borussia]]e patriae saluti consulens litteras ''An mein Volk'' promulgavisset, in [[Silesia]]m reditum est. Eichendorff, qui in [[Austria]] manere maluerat, voluntariam militiam extra ordinem professus est Ludovico Adolpho Gulielmo Lützow duce. Pace composita nuptiarum sollemnia facta sunt et Eichendorff in administratione publica Vratislaviensi operam dabat. Anno 1821 [[Gedanum|Gedani]] consiliarius in rebus ecclesiasticis et scholasticis creatus est, triennio post in eisdem rebus [[regiomontium|Regiomontii]]. Cum aliis studebat de istis veteribus arcibus [[Ordo Sanctae Mariae Teutonicorum|Ordinis Teutonicorum]] reconstituendis, quae [[Mariaeburgum (Polonia)|Mariaeburgi]] (Polonice ''Malbork'') in [[Pomerania]] sitae sunt. Anno 1831 [[Berolinum]] missus est ut in ministerio educationis publicae laboraret. Iosepho autem viro catholico annis 1839 et 1840, tempore sic dictarum querelarum [[colonia Agrippina|Coloniensium]], custodia voluntatis Berolinensis difficillima facta est - et dimissioni annuit. Unde cum filiae familiaribus Gedani degebat, postea [[Vindobona]]e, [[Dresda]]e (usque autumnum anni 1850), iterum Berolini et in praediis Sedlnice in [[Moravia]]. Denique apud filiam in oppido Nysa in [[Silesia]] Superiore inveniebatur ubi naturae concessit. ==Gravitudo in litteris propriis== Ecce opuscularum series: ''Krieg den Philistern'' (fabula dramatica; Berolini 1824); ''Aus dem Leben eines Taugenichts'' ([[novella]] vulgo gratiosissima; Berolini 1826); ''Meierbeths Glück und Ende'' (tragoedia satirica cum cantoribus et saltatoribus; Berolini 1828); ''Ezzelin von Romano'' (tragoedia; Regiomontii 1828); ''Der letzte Held von Marienburg'' (tragoedia; Regiomontii 1830); ''Die Freier'' (comoedia; Stutgardiae 1833); ''Dichter und ihre Gesellen'' (novella; Berolini 1834); ''Gedichte'' (poesis; Berolini 1837). Carmina eius, quae naturae somnium sensibus feliciter coniungunt, veras romaniticismi Theodisci gemmas esse constat. Quorum effectum simplicitas, vis et vigor innatus porro augent, ut perhibetur e.g. in cantu ''In einem kühlen Grunde.'' Maximi momenti insuper sunt cantilenarum cyclus ''Frühling und Liebe,'' opera ''Zeitgedichte'' (tempore bellorum contra Napoleonem tyrannum gestorum), corollae ''Geistliche Gedichte'' et ''Lieder auf den Tod meines Kindes.'' In novellis quoque (quarum notissima sine dubio habeatur ''Aus dem Leben eines Taugenichts'') efficiebant narratio modesta una cum abundantia sensuum lyricorum. ==Eichendorff ineptiis litterarum indagandarum plaudens== Ex annis 1830 Eichendorff litterarum historiam sibi amplexus est. In principio opera e [[lingua Hispanica]] mediaevali convertit atque septentrionalibus tradidit, inter quae ''Der Graf Lucanor'' (Berolini 1843) et ''Geistliche Schauspiele Calderons'' (Stutgardiae 1846–1853). Libello ''Über die ethische und religiöse Bedeutung der neuen romantischen Poesie in Deutschland'' (Lipsiae 1847) Eichendorff criticus litteras multas modum in Catholicum reinterpretari coepit. Quod inceptum complebant opera ''Der deutsche Roman des 18. Jahrhunderts in seinem Verhältnis zum Christentum'' (Lipsiae 1851), ''Zur Geschichte des Dramas'' (Lipsiae 1854) et ''Geschichte der poetischen Literatur Deutschlands'' (Paderbronnae 1857). Litteras Hispanicas (scilicet Catholicas) earumque vestigia in romanticismo Theodisco celebrare solebat. Assiduus usus uni rei deditus mox in propriis opusculis posterioribus videri potuit, e.g. in poeticis [[narratio]]nibus ''Julian. Ein Romanzenzyklus'' (Lipsiae 1853), ''Robert und Guiscard'' (Lipsiae 1855), et ''Lucius'' (Lipsiae 1857). ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Joseph von Eichendorff|Iosephum de Eichendorff}} *[https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Joseph_von_Eichendorff Vicifons] *[https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118529390 Nexus apud DDB] *[http://www.zeno.org/Literatur/M/Eichendorff,+Joseph+von Opera apud Zeno.org] *[https://www.uni-regensburg.de/sprache-literatur-kultur/germanistik-ndl-1/regener/eichendorff-forum/index.html Taberna Ratisbonensis de rebus Eichendorffianis] *[https://www.volksliederarchiv.de/lexikon/eichendorff/ Cantilenarum collectio] ==Notae== <References/> {{Lifetime|1788|1857|Eichendorff, Iosephus}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Heidelbergensis]] [[Categoria:Auctores Theodisci]] [[Categoria:Historia litterarum]] [[Categoria:Iuris consulti]] [[Categoria:Milites]] [[Categoria:Poetae Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Poetae romantici]] [[Categoria:Romanticismus]] [[Categoria:Incolae Silesiae]] msm0j713czx7obo575bm3eqje8l1y4r Venus modis musicis delectatur (Titianus) 0 310696 3993156 3831813 2026-10-06T12:17:12Z Stultule17 215645 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 3993156 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Titian - Venus and an Organist and a Little Dog - WGA22899.jpg|thumb|381x381px|Titianus, "Venus modis musicis delectatur", 1550, pictura in textili]] {{ores|Venus modis musicis delectatur}} est [[tabula picta|tabula]] anno [[1550]] a [[Titianus Vecellii|Titiano]] picta et hodie in [[Museum Pratense|Museo Pratensi]] servata. == De fabula eiusque interpretatione (Maria Luisa Aguilar Garcia) == Eius interpretationem studiosi artis pictoricae varie exponunt. Sunt enim qui eam ad [[Philosophia|philosophiam]] referant. Sensus audiendi et sensus videndi sunt hic ut viae per quas homines possunt ad pulchritudinem pervenire et inde ad [[Veritas|veritatem]]. Sunt enim illa consilia platonica quae revirescunt hoc tempore. Alii studiosi tamen eam referunt ad [[matrimonium]] ut docent indicia quae sunt in ipsa tabula picta. [[Venus (dea)|Venus]] verbi gratia gerit anulum, quod est signum matrimonii, et deinde sunt alia [[animalia]] quae etiam habentur indicia huius institutionis, verbi gratia est asinus qui prae se fert amorem aeternum. Est quoque canis qui evocat beatitudinem, et est quoque pavo, qui prae se fert amorem fecunditatem. Tertio sunt alii qui hanc tabulam eroticam iudicent sive ad [[Libido|libidinem]] spectantem. Et si de libídine agitur iuvat collustrare quod vir et femina quae sunt in ipsa tabula picta eam libidinem omnino diversa ratione experiuntur. Et dum oculi viri sunt avidi pleni vigoris atque curiosi et toti in gaudio, oculi feminae demissi sunt atque errantes, quasi ea non haberet partem eius libidinis aut nollet particeps esse rei venereae. Tamen dicunt studiosi artis pictoricae posse etiam agnosci sub coloribus, sub ultima manu, quaedam priora delineamenta ab artifice facta in quibus femina sustinet [[Oculus|oculos]] atque aspectum viri, et quasi promptiorem ad rem veneream se praebet. Sed tandem ea delineamenta deleta sunt, verisimiliter quod nimis praeter mores irent, quod nimis insuetum et insolitum esset feminas eas dem partes habere rei venereae. Ergo id quod aetate renascentium artium insolitum atque insuetum esset, responderet plane nostris exspectationibus hodiernis nam apud nos tándem aliquando vir et femina pariter coeunt in rem veneream atque partes aequas habent illius libidinis et possunt et volunt et licet iis, dicamus, eius libidinis participes esse. == Nexus externi == * [https://collegiumlatinitatis.com/venus-modis-musicis-delectatur-lustratio-xviii-in-museo-el-prado/ Venus modis musicis delectatur: Lustratio XVIII in Museo El Prado] (Latine) [[Categoria:Titianus]] [[Categoria:Museum Pratense]] [[Categoria:Tabulae pictae]] [[Categoria:Res mythologicae figuratae]] o9cjzem7qc67d4etwvktwxfhk1w8r3t Usor:Pippobuono/Harenarium 2 319751 3993253 3992849 2026-10-06T19:35:23Z Pippobuono 54500 /* Biographia */ progressus 3993253 wikitext text/x-wiki = Utilia = == Ad civitates == <nowiki>{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>[[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]]</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes geographici}}</nowiki> == Ad homines == <nowiki>{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>* {{CathHierBishop|}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Archiepiscopi Friburgenses}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes biographici}}</nowiki> = Formulae episcopi = {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Capsa navigationis |formula = Episcopi Blesenses |titulus = Episcopi [[Dioecesis Blesensis|Blesenses]] |imago = [[Fasciculus:Bistum Blois.svg|125px]] |super= <small>Dioecesis erecta est anno 1697; dissoluta anno 1802, restituta anno 1822.</small>. |corpus = [[David Nicolaus Bertier]] <small>(1697-1719)</small> • [[Franciscus Lefebvre de Caumartin]] <small>(1719-1733)</small> • ''[[Carolus Henricus Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain]]'' <small>(designatus, sed non consecratus, 1733 seu 1734-1734)</small> • [[Franciscus de Crussol d'Uzès]] <small>(1734-1753)</small> • [[Carolus Gilbertus de May de Termont]] <small>(1753-1776)</small> • [[Alexander de Lauzières-Thémines]] <small>(1776-(1791)1801)</small> • '''sedes suppressa''' <small>(1801-1817)</small> • ''[[Ioannes Franciscus Martinus de Boisville]]'' <small>(administrator apostolicus, 1817-1822)</small> • [[Philippus Franciscus de Sauzin]] <small>(1823-1844)</small> • [[Maria Augustus Fabre des Essarts]] <small>(1844-1850)</small> • [[Ludovicus Theophilus Pallu du Parc]] <small>(1850-1877)</small> • [[Carolus Honoratus Laborde]] <small>(1877-1907)</small> • [[Alfredus Julius Mélisson]] <small>(1907-1925)</small> • [[Georgius Audollent]] <small>(1925-1944)</small> • [[Ludovicus Robin]] <small>(1945-1961)</small> • [[Iosephus Goupy]] <small>(1961-1990)</small> • [[Ioannes Cuminal]] <small>(1990-1996)</small> • [[Mauritius de Germiny]] <small>(1997-2014)</small> • [[Ioannes Petrus Batut]] <small>(2014-2023)</small> • [[Franciscus Bestion]] <small>(2024-)</small> |sub=<small>fontes : {{CathHierDiocese|bloi|Dioecesis Blesensis}} }}<noinclude> <no wiki>[[:Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses|!]] </nowiki> </noinclude> <nowiki>{{Attributio|fr|Liste des Évêques de Blois|238357871}}</nowiki> = [[Sanctus Iulianus]] = <nowiki>{{discretiva}}</nowiki> == Sancti == == Toponyma == === Francia === === Italia === == Notae et Fontes == <references /> [[:Categoria:Sancti|Iulianus]] = [[Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} ([[Francogallice]] {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Diocèse d'Amiens}}) est [[dioecesis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] [[Ecclesia Latina|Latinae]] in [[Francia]] sita, cuius sedes [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitatis Sagiensis]] est. Dioecesis, [[saeculum 5|saeculo quinto]] condita,<ref name=histoire>Secundum {{opus|url=https://www.orne.catholique.fr/diocese/histoire-et-presentation/|titulus=Histoire et présentation|domus editoria=orne.catholique.fr}} {{ling|Francogallice}}; {{CathHierDiocese|sees|Dioecesis Sagiensis}} dioecesim ortam esse saeculo III dicit.</ref> cum territorio [[Olina (praefectura Franciae)| praefecturae Olinae]] congruit. Diocesis suffraganea [[Archidioecesis Rothomagensis]] est. == Ecclesia cathedralis == [[Fasciculus:Amiens cathedral 028.JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|Ecclesia cathedralis [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Nostrae Dominae]] dicata.]] [[Ecclesia cathedralis]] Nostrae Dominae dicata, [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitate Sagiense]] sita est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * {{Opus|url=https://www.amiens.catholique.fr/|titulus=Situs officialis}} {{ling|Francogallice}} {{CommuniaCat|Roman Catholic Diocese of Amiens|Dioecesem Ambianensem}} {{Fontes geographici}} * {{CathHierDiocese|amie|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} <!--{{RC-stipula}}--> {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Franciae}} [[:Categoria:Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = Ad formulam = {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae}} {{Capsa navigationis | titulus = [[dioecesis|Dioeceses]] et ''archidioeceses'' [[ecclesia Catholica Romana|catholicae]] [[Polonia]]e | formula = Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae | Imago = [[Fasciculus:CatholicDiocesesPoland2004.svg|100px|Dioeceses Poloniae]] | corpus = ''[[Archidioecesis Bialostocensis|Bialostocensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Bielscensis-Zyviecensis|Bielscensis-Zyviecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Bydgostiensis|Bydgostiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Calissiensis|Calissiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Coslinensis-Colubregana|Coslinensis-Colubregana]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Cracoviensis|Cracoviensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Czestochoviensis|Czestochoviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Drohiczinensis|Drohiczinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Elbingensis|Elbingensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gedanensis|Gedanensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Glivicensis|Glivicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gnesnensis|Gnesnensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Katovicensis|Katovicensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Kielcensis|Kielcensis]] . [[Dioecesis Legnicensis|Legnicensis]] . [[Dioecesis Liccanensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lodziensis|Lodziensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Lomzensis|Lomzensis]] . [[Dioecesis Lovicensis|Lovicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lublinensis|Lublinensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Opoliensis|Opoliensis]] . [[Dioecesis Pelplinensis|Pelplinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Plocensis|Plocensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Posnaniensis|Posnaniensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Premisliensis Latinorum|Premisliensis Latinorum]]'' . [[Dioecesis Radomensis|Radomensis]] . [[Dioecesis Rzeszoviensis|Rzeszoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sandomiriensis|Sandomiriensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Sedinensis-Caminensis|Sedinensis-Caminensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Siedlecensis|Siedlecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sosnoviensis|Sosnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Suidniciensis|Suidniciensis]] . [[Dioecesis Tarnoviensis|Tarnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Thoruniensis|Thoruniensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Varmiensis|Varmiensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Varsaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Varsaviensis-Pragensis]] . [[Dioecesis Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis|Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Vladislaviensis|Vladislaviensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Vratislaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis|Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis]] . [[Ordinariatus Militaris Poloniae]] }} <noinclude> == Vide etiam == * [[Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae]] <!--[[Categoria:Formulae Poloniam spectantes]] [[Categoria:Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae in Polonia|!]] [[Categoria:Formulae navigationis hierarchiae Catholicae]]--> </noinclude> = [[Bruno Feillet]] = {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} '''Bruno Feillet''' (natus die [[16 Novembris]] [[1959]] [[Burdigala#Partes urbis|Caudéran]], [[Girumna (praefectura Franciae)|Girumna]]) est Episcopus [[Dioecesis Sagiensis]] ab anno 2021.<ref>{{CathHierBishop|feillet}}</ref> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Bruno Feillet|Brunonem Feillet}} {{Fontes biographici}} == Notae == <references /> {{RC-stipula}} {{Episcopi Sagienses}} <nowiki>{{Lifetime|1959||Feillet, Bruno}}</nowiki> [[:Categoria:Episcopi Sagienses]] [[:Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] = [[Raymondus Aron]] = {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{Res|Raymondus Aron}}, {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Raymond Aron}} ([[Lutetia]]e [[14 Martii]] [[1905]] natus; eadem civitate [[17 Octobris]] [[1983]] mortuus) fuit [[philosophus]], [[sociologus]], [[politologus]], [[historicus]] et [[diurnarius]] [[Francia|Francicus]]. == Biographia == Initio amicus et condiscipulus [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Ioannis Pauli Sartre]] et [[Paulus Nizan|Pauli Nizan]] in [[Schola normalis superior (Lutetia)|Schola Normali Superiore]], ardens [[liberalismus|liberalismi]] fautor, contra ambitum intellectualem [[Pacifismus|pacifisticum]] qui dominabatur, factus est. In opere suo celeberrimo, ''L'Opium des intellectuels'', caecitatem et complicitatem intellectualium erga regimina communistarum denuntiavit. Triginta annos, Aron scriptor editorialis pro diurno ''[[Le Figaro]]'' fuit. Postremis annis apud ''[[L'Express]]'' laboravit. Anno [[1978]], periodicum intellectuale ''[[Commentaire]]'' condidit, ut principia, quae democratiam liberalem sive societatem liberalem regere debent, defenderet et illustraret. Hoc conatum, alia perspectiva et alio titulo continuans, ad periodicum ''[[Contrepoint]]'' contulit, a tribus studentibus [[Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense|Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] mense Maio 1970 conditum. Triginta annos docuit, praesertim apud Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense et [[École des hautes études en sciences sociales]], et cathedram ''Sociologiae Civilisationis Modernae'' apud [[Collegium Franciae]] anno 1970 obtinuit. Commentator agnitus est de [[Carolus Marxius|Marxio]], [[Carolus Philippus Amadeus de Clausewitz|Clausewitz]], [[Alexander Kojève|Kojève]] et [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Sartre]]. Variis artibus et studiis (in oeconomia, sociologia, philosophia, rebus internationalibus, et geopolitica) gratias egregie egit et magnam famam apud intellectuales consecutus est. Eius opiniones liberales et atlantisticae a fautoribus eius, tam a sinistra quam a dextra, acriter reprehensae sunt. Nihilominus, per totam vitam moderatum animum servavit.<ref>{{opus |auctor=Perrine Simon |titulus=Raymond Aron dans l'histoire du siècle |domus editoria=[[Vingtième Siècle : Revue d'histoire]] |volume=9 |date=1986 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/xxs_0294-1759_1986_num_9_1_1460 |pagina=124-126 }} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref>. Il est élu en 1963 à l'[[Académie des sciences morales et politiques]]<ref>{{opus |langue=fr |titulus=M. Raymond Aron est élu l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1963/11/27/m-raymond-aron-est-elu-membre-de-l-academie-des-sciences-morales-et-politiques_2220400_1819218.html |situs=lemonde.fr |data=27 novembre 1963 }}.</ref>. Le 17 octobre 1983, il meurt d'une [[Infarctus du myocarde|crise cardiaque]] à l'âge de 78 ans, alors qu'il quitte le [[palais de justice de Paris]], situé dans le [[4e arrondissement de Paris|{{4e}} arrondissement]], après avoir témoigné en faveur de [[Bertrand de Jouvenel]] lors du procès qui oppose ce dernier à [[Zeev Sternhell]]<ref>{{lien web|périodique=émission de [[Canal Académie]] |url=http://www.canalacademie.com/ida3922-Un-intellectuel-atypique-Bertrand-de-Jouvenel.html|titre=Un intellectuel atypique : Bertrand de Jouvenel|date=}}, fiche de présentation.</ref>. Il est inhumé dans le caveau familial du [[cimetière du Montparnasse]] (division 24)<ref>{{lien web|périodique= |url=https://www.landrucimetieres.fr/spip/spip.php?article722|titre=Cimetières de France et d'ailleurs|date=}}</ref>. == Opera == [[Image:Book signed by Raymond Aron and offered to Maurice Halbwachs.JPG|thumb|right|Envoi de R. Aron à [[Maurice Halbwachs]] sur ''La Sociologie allemande contemporaine'', Paris, Alcan, 1935. <br>Ouvrage conservé à la [[Bibliothèque Saint-Germain-des-Prés|Bibliothèque de sciences humaines et sociales Paris Descartes-CNRS]].]] Les œuvres complètes de Raymond Aron ont été établies par Perrine Simon et Élisabeth Dutartre aux éditions Julliard avec la Société des amis de Raymond Aron en 1989. * ''[[La Sociologie allemande contemporaine]]'', Paris, [[Alcan]], 1935 * ''[[Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire|Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire. Essai sur les limites de l'objectivité historique]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1938 * ''[[Essai sur la théorie de l'histoire dans l'Allemagne contemporaine|Essai sur la théorie de l'histoire dans l'Allemagne contemporaine. La philosophie critique de l'histoire]]'', Paris, [[Librairie philosophique Vrin|Vrin]], 1938 * ''[[L'Homme contre les tyrans]]'', New York, La Maison française, 1944 * ''[[De l'armistice à l'insurrection nationale]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1945 * ''[[L'Âge des empires et l'Avenir de la France]]'', Paris, [[Défense de la France]], 1945 * ''Chroniques de guerre. « La France Libre », 1940-1945'', [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1945<br> Rassemble les trois livres précédents. Nouvelle édition avec introduction de [[Jean-Marie Soutou]] et appareil critique de Christian Bachelier, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1990. * ''Les Français devant la Constitution'' (en collaboration avec Francis Cleirens), Paris, [[Défense de la France]], 1946 * ''[[Le Grand Schisme]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1948 * ''[[Les Guerres en chaîne]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1951 * ''[[La Coexistence pacifique|La Coexistence pacifique. Essai d'analyse]]'', Paris, Monde nouveau, 1953<br>Sous le pseudonyme de « François Houtisse », signalé par [[Boris Souvarine]]<ref>{{Lien web|url=http://raymond-aron.ehess.fr/document.php?id=48|titre=Bulletin d’information – Archives Raymond Aron|éditeur=[[École des hautes études en sciences sociales]]|date=juin 1995|site=raymond-aron.ehess.fr|consulté le=3 décembre 2013}}.</ref>. * ''[[L'Opium des intellectuels]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1955 * ''[[Polémiques]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1955 * ''[[La Tragédie algérienne]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1957 * ''[[Espoir et peur du siècle|Espoir et peur du siècle. Essais non partisans]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1957 * ''[[L'Algérie et la République]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1958 * ''[[La Société industrielle et la guerre suivi d'un Tableau de la diplomatie mondiale en 1958|La Société industrielle et la Guerre]]'' suivi d'un ''[[Tableau de la diplomatie mondiale en 1958]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1959 * ''[[Immuable et changeante|Immuable et changeante. De la IVe à la Ve République]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1959 * ''[[Dimensions de la conscience historique]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1961 * ''[[Paix et guerre entre les nations]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1962 * ''[[Le Grand Débat (Raymond Aron)|Le Grand Débat. Initiation à la stratégie atomique]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1963 * ''[[Dix-huit leçons sur la société industrielle]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1963 * ''[[La Lutte des classes (Aron)|La Lutte des classes]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1964 * ''[[Essai sur les libertés]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1965 * ''[[Démocratie et Totalitarisme]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1965 * ''[[Trois essais sur l'âge industriel]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1966 * ''[[Les Étapes de la pensée sociologique]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1967 * ''[[De Gaulle, Israël et les Juifs]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1968 * ''[[La Révolution introuvable|La Révolution introuvable. Réflexions sur les événements de mai]]'', Paris, [[Librairie Arthème Fayard|Fayard]], 1968 * ''[[Les Désillusions du progrès]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1969 * ''[[D'une sainte famille à l'autre|D'une sainte famille à l'autre. Essai sur le marxisme imaginaire]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1969 * ''[[De la condition historique du sociologue]]'', Paris, Gallimard, 1971 * ''[[Études politiques]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1972 * ''[[République impériale|République impériale. Les États-Unis dans le monde (1945–1972)]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1973 * ''[[Histoire et dialectique de la violence]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1973<br>Ce livre, qui est un commentaire de la ''Critique de la raison dialectique'' de [[Jean-Paul Sartre|Sartre]], fait l'objet d'une analyse par son ancien éditeur [[Pierre Verstraeten]], professeur à l'ULB : ''L'Anti-Aron'', [[Éditions de la Différence]], 2008). * ''[[Penser la guerre, Clausewitz]]'', 2 vol., Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1976 * ''[[Plaidoyer pour l'Europe décadente]]'', Paris, [[Robert Laffont]], 1977 * ''[[Le Spectateur engagé]]'', entretiens avec [[Jean-Louis Missika]] et [[Dominique Wolton]], Paris, [[Éditions Julliard|Julliard]], 1981, 342 pages avec présentation finale de Jean-Louis Missika et Dominique Wolton. Bibliographie des principaux ouvrages, articles et pamphlets de Raymond Aron, p. 333-339. * ''[[Mémoires. 50 ans de réflexion politique]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Julliard]], 1983, 1082{{nb p.}} ===À titre posthume=== * ''[[Les Dernières Années du siècle]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Julliard|Julliard]], 1984 * ''Études sociologiques'', Paris, [[Presses universitaires de France|PUF]], 1988<ref>{{Article |langue=fr |auteur=Hervé Coutau-Bégarie |titre=Raymond Aron. Etudes sociologiques |périodique=Politique étrangère |volume=53 |numéro=4 |date=1988 |lire en ligne=https://www.persee.fr/doc/polit_0032-342x_1988_num_53_4_3826_t1_1016_0000_1 |pages=1016 }}</ref> * ''Une histoire du {{s-|XX}}, anthologie'', Paris, Plon, 1996 * {{Ouvrage|langue=fr|auteur1=Raymond Aron|auteur2=[[Louis Séchan]]|titre=''Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire''|lieu=Paris|éditeur=[[Éditions de Fallois]]|année=1997|pages totales=254|isbn=2-253-90536-4}} * ''[[Le Marxisme de Marx]]'', Paris, [[Éditions de Fallois|Fallois]], 2002 {{ISBN|2-87706-423-9}} ; rééd. poche, 1082{{nb p.}}, Paris, 2004 {{ISBN|2-253-10800-6}} * ''[[De Giscard à Mitterrand : 1977-1983]]'', éditoriaux parus dans ''[[L'Express]]'', préface de Jean-Claude Casanova, Paris, [[Éditions de Fallois|Fallois]], 2005, 895{{nb p.}} {{ISBN|2-87706-570-7}} * ''Essais sur la condition juive contemporaine'', Paris, Tallandier, 2007. * ''Liberté et égalité (cours au Collège de France)'', Paris, Éditions de l'École des hautes études en sciences sociales, 2013 * {{Ouvrage|langue=fr|titre=Aron et De Gaulle|prénom1=Jean-Claude|nom1=Casanova|lien auteur1=Jean-Claude Casanova|prénom2=Jean-Claude|nom2=Casanova|lieu=Paris|éditeur=Calmann Lévy|lien éditeur=Calmann-Levy|année=2022|pages totales=399|isbn=978-2-702-18360-1|isbn10=2-702-18360-3|oclc=1350349818|id=JC C 2022}}. * ''Critique de la pensée sociologique : Cours au Collège de France (1970-1971 et 1971-1972)'', 2023, Éditions Odile Jacob, {{ISBN|978-2738157652}}, * ''Leçons sur l'histoire : Cours au Collège de France (1972-1973 et 1973-1974)'', 2023, Éditions De Fallois. * ''L'Europe selon Aron'', recueil de textes de Raymond Aron, textes choisis et préfaces par Joël Mouric, Paris, Calmann-Lévy, coll. Bibliothèque Raymond Aron, 400 p., 2024 {{ISBN|978-2702189603}} * ''Aron, critique de Sartre : Textes rassemblés et commentés par [[Perrine Simon-Nahum]]'', Paris, Calmann-Lévy, coll. Bibliothèque Raymond Aron, 350 p., 2025 {{ISBN|978-2702191644}} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Raymond Aron|Raymondum Aron}} {{Fontes biographici}} <!--{{Lifetime|1905|1983|Aron, Raymondus}}--> [[:Categoria:Agnostici]] [[:Categoria:Politologi]] [[:Categoria:Sectatores Franciae liberae]] [[:Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]] [[:Categoria:Professores apud Collegium Franciae]] [[:Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[:Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum]] [[:Categoria:Socii Academiae Artium et Scientiarum Americanae]] [[:Categoria:Professores Scholae Studiorum ad Scientias Sociales Superiorum (Lutetia)]] [[:Categoria:Professores Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] [[:Categoria:Philosophi]] [[:Categoria:Alumni Lycei Condorcet]] [[:Categoria:Alumni Scholae Normalis Superioris (Lutetia)]] [[:Categoria:Sociologi]] = [[Wendelinus (Sanctus)]] = Wendelinus (Theodisce Wendelin) est sanctus [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]], die [[21 Octobris]] veneratus, qui in [[Religio Christiana|Christianisatione]] [[Rhenania et Palatinatus|Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]] et praesertim septentrionalis [[Saravia]]e participavit. Persona virtuosa, popularis et agricola, originis [[Scotia|Scoticae]] vel [[Hibernia|Hibernicae]], nobilis et divitis stirpis, nihilominus [[eremita]], [[peregrinus]], agricola, pastor, deinde [[monachus]] factus est, antequam munus abbatis [[Abbatia Theulegii|Abbatiae]] [[Theulegium|Theulegii]] occupavit. Sanctus Wendelinus patronus pastorum, segetum et pecorum, et postea omnium animalium domesticorum (vaccarum, gallinorum, canum, felium, etc.) est. cf fr.wikipedia Secundum fabulam, Sanctus Vandalinus filius erat Frochardi et Evelinae regiorum coniugum Scotorum. Iuvenis, coronam et voluptates mundi repudiavit et Deo in paupertate et obscuritate servire constituit. Romam aliaque loca peregrinationis ut peregrinus visitavit, deinde aliquamdiu ut eremita in regione Westrich Episcopatus Trevirensis vixit, domino manerii serviens, primum ut subulcus, deinde ut pastor boum, et denique ut pastor ovium. Postea, abbas Monasterii Tholey electus et a Severino Episcopo Trevirensi anno 517 consecratus est. Anno 607 mortuus est et prope casam ubi antea ut eremita vixerat sepultus est. Oppidum Sancti Wendel ibi conditum est propter multas peregrinationes saeculi XIV. In calendariis, Sanctus Wendelinus diebus XX, XXI, vel XXII Octobris celebratur. Patronus pastorum et gregum veneratur. Vitae antiquissimae quas Bollandistis notae sunt ad saeculum XV pertinent. Utrum fundamentum historicum habeant vehementer dubium est. == Fontes == Acta Sanctorum. Oct. T. IX, p. 342–351. – Stadler, Heiligen- Lex. V, 776. – (Stramberg,) Rhein. Antiquarius, 2. Abth., 2. Bd., S. 481 bis 491. cf. ADB:Wendelinus der Heilige de.wikisource.org <!--{{lifetime|554|617|Wendelinus}}--> [[:Categoria:Sanctus catholicus]] 0w3fo4tud24iyi438yv5ob1job8c0nl 3993254 3993253 2026-10-06T19:45:37Z Pippobuono 54500 /* Biographia */ progressus 3993254 wikitext text/x-wiki = Utilia = == Ad civitates == <nowiki>{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>[[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]]</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes geographici}}</nowiki> == Ad homines == <nowiki>{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>* {{CathHierBishop|}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Archiepiscopi Friburgenses}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes biographici}}</nowiki> = Formulae episcopi = {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Capsa navigationis |formula = Episcopi Blesenses |titulus = Episcopi [[Dioecesis Blesensis|Blesenses]] |imago = [[Fasciculus:Bistum Blois.svg|125px]] |super= <small>Dioecesis erecta est anno 1697; dissoluta anno 1802, restituta anno 1822.</small>. |corpus = [[David Nicolaus Bertier]] <small>(1697-1719)</small> • [[Franciscus Lefebvre de Caumartin]] <small>(1719-1733)</small> • ''[[Carolus Henricus Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain]]'' <small>(designatus, sed non consecratus, 1733 seu 1734-1734)</small> • [[Franciscus de Crussol d'Uzès]] <small>(1734-1753)</small> • [[Carolus Gilbertus de May de Termont]] <small>(1753-1776)</small> • [[Alexander de Lauzières-Thémines]] <small>(1776-(1791)1801)</small> • '''sedes suppressa''' <small>(1801-1817)</small> • ''[[Ioannes Franciscus Martinus de Boisville]]'' <small>(administrator apostolicus, 1817-1822)</small> • [[Philippus Franciscus de Sauzin]] <small>(1823-1844)</small> • [[Maria Augustus Fabre des Essarts]] <small>(1844-1850)</small> • [[Ludovicus Theophilus Pallu du Parc]] <small>(1850-1877)</small> • [[Carolus Honoratus Laborde]] <small>(1877-1907)</small> • [[Alfredus Julius Mélisson]] <small>(1907-1925)</small> • [[Georgius Audollent]] <small>(1925-1944)</small> • [[Ludovicus Robin]] <small>(1945-1961)</small> • [[Iosephus Goupy]] <small>(1961-1990)</small> • [[Ioannes Cuminal]] <small>(1990-1996)</small> • [[Mauritius de Germiny]] <small>(1997-2014)</small> • [[Ioannes Petrus Batut]] <small>(2014-2023)</small> • [[Franciscus Bestion]] <small>(2024-)</small> |sub=<small>fontes : {{CathHierDiocese|bloi|Dioecesis Blesensis}} }}<noinclude> <no wiki>[[:Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses|!]] </nowiki> </noinclude> <nowiki>{{Attributio|fr|Liste des Évêques de Blois|238357871}}</nowiki> = [[Sanctus Iulianus]] = <nowiki>{{discretiva}}</nowiki> == Sancti == == Toponyma == === Francia === === Italia === == Notae et Fontes == <references /> [[:Categoria:Sancti|Iulianus]] = [[Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} ([[Francogallice]] {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Diocèse d'Amiens}}) est [[dioecesis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] [[Ecclesia Latina|Latinae]] in [[Francia]] sita, cuius sedes [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitatis Sagiensis]] est. Dioecesis, [[saeculum 5|saeculo quinto]] condita,<ref name=histoire>Secundum {{opus|url=https://www.orne.catholique.fr/diocese/histoire-et-presentation/|titulus=Histoire et présentation|domus editoria=orne.catholique.fr}} {{ling|Francogallice}}; {{CathHierDiocese|sees|Dioecesis Sagiensis}} dioecesim ortam esse saeculo III dicit.</ref> cum territorio [[Olina (praefectura Franciae)| praefecturae Olinae]] congruit. Diocesis suffraganea [[Archidioecesis Rothomagensis]] est. == Ecclesia cathedralis == [[Fasciculus:Amiens cathedral 028.JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|Ecclesia cathedralis [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Nostrae Dominae]] dicata.]] [[Ecclesia cathedralis]] Nostrae Dominae dicata, [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitate Sagiense]] sita est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * {{Opus|url=https://www.amiens.catholique.fr/|titulus=Situs officialis}} {{ling|Francogallice}} {{CommuniaCat|Roman Catholic Diocese of Amiens|Dioecesem Ambianensem}} {{Fontes geographici}} * {{CathHierDiocese|amie|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} <!--{{RC-stipula}}--> {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Franciae}} [[:Categoria:Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = Ad formulam = {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae}} {{Capsa navigationis | titulus = [[dioecesis|Dioeceses]] et ''archidioeceses'' [[ecclesia Catholica Romana|catholicae]] [[Polonia]]e | formula = Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae | Imago = [[Fasciculus:CatholicDiocesesPoland2004.svg|100px|Dioeceses Poloniae]] | corpus = ''[[Archidioecesis Bialostocensis|Bialostocensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Bielscensis-Zyviecensis|Bielscensis-Zyviecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Bydgostiensis|Bydgostiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Calissiensis|Calissiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Coslinensis-Colubregana|Coslinensis-Colubregana]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Cracoviensis|Cracoviensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Czestochoviensis|Czestochoviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Drohiczinensis|Drohiczinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Elbingensis|Elbingensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gedanensis|Gedanensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Glivicensis|Glivicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gnesnensis|Gnesnensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Katovicensis|Katovicensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Kielcensis|Kielcensis]] . [[Dioecesis Legnicensis|Legnicensis]] . [[Dioecesis Liccanensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lodziensis|Lodziensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Lomzensis|Lomzensis]] . [[Dioecesis Lovicensis|Lovicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lublinensis|Lublinensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Opoliensis|Opoliensis]] . [[Dioecesis Pelplinensis|Pelplinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Plocensis|Plocensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Posnaniensis|Posnaniensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Premisliensis Latinorum|Premisliensis Latinorum]]'' . [[Dioecesis Radomensis|Radomensis]] . [[Dioecesis Rzeszoviensis|Rzeszoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sandomiriensis|Sandomiriensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Sedinensis-Caminensis|Sedinensis-Caminensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Siedlecensis|Siedlecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sosnoviensis|Sosnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Suidniciensis|Suidniciensis]] . [[Dioecesis Tarnoviensis|Tarnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Thoruniensis|Thoruniensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Varmiensis|Varmiensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Varsaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Varsaviensis-Pragensis]] . [[Dioecesis Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis|Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Vladislaviensis|Vladislaviensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Vratislaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis|Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis]] . [[Ordinariatus Militaris Poloniae]] }} <noinclude> == Vide etiam == * [[Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae]] <!--[[Categoria:Formulae Poloniam spectantes]] [[Categoria:Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae in Polonia|!]] [[Categoria:Formulae navigationis hierarchiae Catholicae]]--> </noinclude> = [[Bruno Feillet]] = {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} '''Bruno Feillet''' (natus die [[16 Novembris]] [[1959]] [[Burdigala#Partes urbis|Caudéran]], [[Girumna (praefectura Franciae)|Girumna]]) est Episcopus [[Dioecesis Sagiensis]] ab anno 2021.<ref>{{CathHierBishop|feillet}}</ref> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Bruno Feillet|Brunonem Feillet}} {{Fontes biographici}} == Notae == <references /> {{RC-stipula}} {{Episcopi Sagienses}} <nowiki>{{Lifetime|1959||Feillet, Bruno}}</nowiki> [[:Categoria:Episcopi Sagienses]] [[:Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] = [[Raymondus Aron]] = {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{Res|Raymondus Aron}}, {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Raymond Aron}} ([[Lutetia]]e [[14 Martii]] [[1905]] natus; eadem civitate [[17 Octobris]] [[1983]] mortuus) fuit [[philosophus]], [[sociologus]], [[politologus]], [[historicus]] et [[diurnarius]] [[Francia|Francicus]]. == Biographia == Initio amicus et condiscipulus [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Ioannis Pauli Sartre]] et [[Paulus Nizan|Pauli Nizan]] in [[Schola normalis superior (Lutetia)|Schola Normali Superiore]], ardens [[liberalismus|liberalismi]] fautor, contra ambitum intellectualem [[Pacifismus|pacifisticum]] qui dominabatur, factus est. In opere suo celeberrimo, ''L'Opium des intellectuels'', caecitatem et complicitatem intellectualium erga regimina communistarum denuntiavit. Triginta annos, Aron scriptor editorialis pro diurno ''[[Le Figaro]]'' fuit. Postremis annis apud ''[[L'Express]]'' laboravit. Anno [[1978]], periodicum intellectuale ''[[Commentaire]]'' condidit, ut principia, quae democratiam liberalem sive societatem liberalem regere debent, defenderet et illustraret. Hoc conatum, alia perspectiva et alio titulo continuans, ad periodicum ''[[Contrepoint]]'' contulit, a tribus studentibus [[Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense|Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] mense Maio 1970 conditum. Triginta annos docuit, praesertim apud Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense et [[École des hautes études en sciences sociales]], et cathedram ''Sociologiae Civilisationis Modernae'' apud [[Collegium Franciae]] anno 1970 obtinuit. Commentator agnitus est de [[Carolus Marxius|Marxio]], [[Carolus Philippus Amadeus de Clausewitz|Clausewitz]], [[Alexander Kojève|Kojève]] et [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Sartre]]. Variis artibus et studiis (in oeconomia, sociologia, philosophia, rebus internationalibus, et geopolitica) gratias egregie egit et magnam famam apud intellectuales consecutus est. Eius opiniones [[Liberalismus|liberales]] et atlantisticae a fautoribus eius, tam a sinistra quam a dextra, acriter reprehensae sunt. Nihilominus, per totam vitam moderatum animum servavit.<ref>{{opus |auctor=Perrine Simon |titulus=Raymond Aron dans l'histoire du siècle |domus editoria=[[Vingtième Siècle : Revue d'histoire]] |volume=9 |date=1986 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/xxs_0294-1759_1986_num_9_1_1460 |pagina=124-126 }} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref>. Anno 1963 [[Academia Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum|Academiae Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum]] electus est.<ref>{{opus |langue=fr |titulus=M. Raymond Aron est élu l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1963/11/27/m-raymond-aron-est-elu-membre-de-l-academie-des-sciences-morales-et-politiques_2220400_1819218.html |situs=lemonde.fr |data=27 novembre 1963 }}.</ref>. Die [[17 Octobris]] [[1983]], impetu cordis affectus, mortuus est, postquam pro [[Bertrandus de Jouvenel|Bertrando de Jouvenel]] testimonium dixisset in iudicio, quo eum contra [[Zeev Sternhell]] oppugnabat.<ref>{{opus|domus editoria=Canal Académie |url=http://www.canalacademie.com/ida3922-Un-intellectuel-atypique-Bertrand-de-Jouvenel.html|titulus=Un intellectuel atypique : Bertrand de Jouvenel|annus=}} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref> == Opera == [[Image:Book signed by Raymond Aron and offered to Maurice Halbwachs.JPG|thumb|right|Envoi de R. Aron à [[Maurice Halbwachs]] sur ''La Sociologie allemande contemporaine'', Paris, Alcan, 1935. <br>Ouvrage conservé à la [[Bibliothèque Saint-Germain-des-Prés|Bibliothèque de sciences humaines et sociales Paris Descartes-CNRS]].]] Les œuvres complètes de Raymond Aron ont été établies par Perrine Simon et Élisabeth Dutartre aux éditions Julliard avec la Société des amis de Raymond Aron en 1989. * ''[[La Sociologie allemande contemporaine]]'', Paris, [[Alcan]], 1935 * ''[[Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire|Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire. Essai sur les limites de l'objectivité historique]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1938 * ''[[Essai sur la théorie de l'histoire dans l'Allemagne contemporaine|Essai sur la théorie de l'histoire dans l'Allemagne contemporaine. La philosophie critique de l'histoire]]'', Paris, [[Librairie philosophique Vrin|Vrin]], 1938 * ''[[L'Homme contre les tyrans]]'', New York, La Maison française, 1944 * ''[[De l'armistice à l'insurrection nationale]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1945 * ''[[L'Âge des empires et l'Avenir de la France]]'', Paris, [[Défense de la France]], 1945 * ''Chroniques de guerre. « La France Libre », 1940-1945'', [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1945<br> Rassemble les trois livres précédents. Nouvelle édition avec introduction de [[Jean-Marie Soutou]] et appareil critique de Christian Bachelier, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1990. * ''Les Français devant la Constitution'' (en collaboration avec Francis Cleirens), Paris, [[Défense de la France]], 1946 * ''[[Le Grand Schisme]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1948 * ''[[Les Guerres en chaîne]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1951 * ''[[La Coexistence pacifique|La Coexistence pacifique. Essai d'analyse]]'', Paris, Monde nouveau, 1953<br>Sous le pseudonyme de « François Houtisse », signalé par [[Boris Souvarine]]<ref>{{Lien web|url=http://raymond-aron.ehess.fr/document.php?id=48|titre=Bulletin d’information – Archives Raymond Aron|éditeur=[[École des hautes études en sciences sociales]]|date=juin 1995|site=raymond-aron.ehess.fr|consulté le=3 décembre 2013}}.</ref>. * ''[[L'Opium des intellectuels]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1955 * ''[[Polémiques]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1955 * ''[[La Tragédie algérienne]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1957 * ''[[Espoir et peur du siècle|Espoir et peur du siècle. Essais non partisans]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1957 * ''[[L'Algérie et la République]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1958 * ''[[La Société industrielle et la guerre suivi d'un Tableau de la diplomatie mondiale en 1958|La Société industrielle et la Guerre]]'' suivi d'un ''[[Tableau de la diplomatie mondiale en 1958]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1959 * ''[[Immuable et changeante|Immuable et changeante. De la IVe à la Ve République]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1959 * ''[[Dimensions de la conscience historique]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1961 * ''[[Paix et guerre entre les nations]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1962 * ''[[Le Grand Débat (Raymond Aron)|Le Grand Débat. Initiation à la stratégie atomique]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1963 * ''[[Dix-huit leçons sur la société industrielle]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1963 * ''[[La Lutte des classes (Aron)|La Lutte des classes]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1964 * ''[[Essai sur les libertés]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1965 * ''[[Démocratie et Totalitarisme]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1965 * ''[[Trois essais sur l'âge industriel]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1966 * ''[[Les Étapes de la pensée sociologique]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1967 * ''[[De Gaulle, Israël et les Juifs]]'', Paris, [[Plon]], 1968 * ''[[La Révolution introuvable|La Révolution introuvable. Réflexions sur les événements de mai]]'', Paris, [[Librairie Arthème Fayard|Fayard]], 1968 * ''[[Les Désillusions du progrès]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1969 * ''[[D'une sainte famille à l'autre|D'une sainte famille à l'autre. Essai sur le marxisme imaginaire]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1969 * ''[[De la condition historique du sociologue]]'', Paris, Gallimard, 1971 * ''[[Études politiques]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1972 * ''[[République impériale|République impériale. Les États-Unis dans le monde (1945–1972)]]'', Paris, [[Calmann-Lévy]], 1973 * ''[[Histoire et dialectique de la violence]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1973<br>Ce livre, qui est un commentaire de la ''Critique de la raison dialectique'' de [[Jean-Paul Sartre|Sartre]], fait l'objet d'une analyse par son ancien éditeur [[Pierre Verstraeten]], professeur à l'ULB : ''L'Anti-Aron'', [[Éditions de la Différence]], 2008). * ''[[Penser la guerre, Clausewitz]]'', 2 vol., Paris, [[Éditions Gallimard|Gallimard]], 1976 * ''[[Plaidoyer pour l'Europe décadente]]'', Paris, [[Robert Laffont]], 1977 * ''[[Le Spectateur engagé]]'', entretiens avec [[Jean-Louis Missika]] et [[Dominique Wolton]], Paris, [[Éditions Julliard|Julliard]], 1981, 342 pages avec présentation finale de Jean-Louis Missika et Dominique Wolton. Bibliographie des principaux ouvrages, articles et pamphlets de Raymond Aron, p. 333-339. * ''[[Mémoires. 50 ans de réflexion politique]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Julliard]], 1983, 1082{{nb p.}} ===À titre posthume=== * ''[[Les Dernières Années du siècle]]'', Paris, [[Éditions Julliard|Julliard]], 1984 * ''Études sociologiques'', Paris, [[Presses universitaires de France|PUF]], 1988<ref>{{Article |langue=fr |auteur=Hervé Coutau-Bégarie |titre=Raymond Aron. Etudes sociologiques |périodique=Politique étrangère |volume=53 |numéro=4 |date=1988 |lire en ligne=https://www.persee.fr/doc/polit_0032-342x_1988_num_53_4_3826_t1_1016_0000_1 |pages=1016 }}</ref> * ''Une histoire du {{s-|XX}}, anthologie'', Paris, Plon, 1996 * {{Ouvrage|langue=fr|auteur1=Raymond Aron|auteur2=[[Louis Séchan]]|titre=''Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire''|lieu=Paris|éditeur=[[Éditions de Fallois]]|année=1997|pages totales=254|isbn=2-253-90536-4}} * ''[[Le Marxisme de Marx]]'', Paris, [[Éditions de Fallois|Fallois]], 2002 {{ISBN|2-87706-423-9}} ; rééd. poche, 1082{{nb p.}}, Paris, 2004 {{ISBN|2-253-10800-6}} * ''[[De Giscard à Mitterrand : 1977-1983]]'', éditoriaux parus dans ''[[L'Express]]'', préface de Jean-Claude Casanova, Paris, [[Éditions de Fallois|Fallois]], 2005, 895{{nb p.}} {{ISBN|2-87706-570-7}} * ''Essais sur la condition juive contemporaine'', Paris, Tallandier, 2007. * ''Liberté et égalité (cours au Collège de France)'', Paris, Éditions de l'École des hautes études en sciences sociales, 2013 * {{Ouvrage|langue=fr|titre=Aron et De Gaulle|prénom1=Jean-Claude|nom1=Casanova|lien auteur1=Jean-Claude Casanova|prénom2=Jean-Claude|nom2=Casanova|lieu=Paris|éditeur=Calmann Lévy|lien éditeur=Calmann-Levy|année=2022|pages totales=399|isbn=978-2-702-18360-1|isbn10=2-702-18360-3|oclc=1350349818|id=JC C 2022}}. * ''Critique de la pensée sociologique : Cours au Collège de France (1970-1971 et 1971-1972)'', 2023, Éditions Odile Jacob, {{ISBN|978-2738157652}}, * ''Leçons sur l'histoire : Cours au Collège de France (1972-1973 et 1973-1974)'', 2023, Éditions De Fallois. * ''L'Europe selon Aron'', recueil de textes de Raymond Aron, textes choisis et préfaces par Joël Mouric, Paris, Calmann-Lévy, coll. Bibliothèque Raymond Aron, 400 p., 2024 {{ISBN|978-2702189603}} * ''Aron, critique de Sartre : Textes rassemblés et commentés par [[Perrine Simon-Nahum]]'', Paris, Calmann-Lévy, coll. Bibliothèque Raymond Aron, 350 p., 2025 {{ISBN|978-2702191644}} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Raymond Aron|Raymondum Aron}} {{Fontes biographici}} <!--{{Lifetime|1905|1983|Aron, Raymondus}}--> [[:Categoria:Agnostici]] [[:Categoria:Politologi]] [[:Categoria:Sectatores Franciae liberae]] [[:Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]] [[:Categoria:Professores apud Collegium Franciae]] [[:Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[:Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum]] [[:Categoria:Socii Academiae Artium et Scientiarum Americanae]] [[:Categoria:Professores Scholae Studiorum ad Scientias Sociales Superiorum (Lutetia)]] [[:Categoria:Professores Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] [[:Categoria:Philosophi]] [[:Categoria:Alumni Lycei Condorcet]] [[:Categoria:Alumni Scholae Normalis Superioris (Lutetia)]] [[:Categoria:Sociologi]] = [[Wendelinus (Sanctus)]] = Wendelinus (Theodisce Wendelin) est sanctus [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]], die [[21 Octobris]] veneratus, qui in [[Religio Christiana|Christianisatione]] [[Rhenania et Palatinatus|Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]] et praesertim septentrionalis [[Saravia]]e participavit. Persona virtuosa, popularis et agricola, originis [[Scotia|Scoticae]] vel [[Hibernia|Hibernicae]], nobilis et divitis stirpis, nihilominus [[eremita]], [[peregrinus]], agricola, pastor, deinde [[monachus]] factus est, antequam munus abbatis [[Abbatia Theulegii|Abbatiae]] [[Theulegium|Theulegii]] occupavit. Sanctus Wendelinus patronus pastorum, segetum et pecorum, et postea omnium animalium domesticorum (vaccarum, gallinorum, canum, felium, etc.) est. cf fr.wikipedia Secundum fabulam, Sanctus Vandalinus filius erat Frochardi et Evelinae regiorum coniugum Scotorum. Iuvenis, coronam et voluptates mundi repudiavit et Deo in paupertate et obscuritate servire constituit. Romam aliaque loca peregrinationis ut peregrinus visitavit, deinde aliquamdiu ut eremita in regione Westrich Episcopatus Trevirensis vixit, domino manerii serviens, primum ut subulcus, deinde ut pastor boum, et denique ut pastor ovium. Postea, abbas Monasterii Tholey electus et a Severino Episcopo Trevirensi anno 517 consecratus est. Anno 607 mortuus est et prope casam ubi antea ut eremita vixerat sepultus est. Oppidum Sancti Wendel ibi conditum est propter multas peregrinationes saeculi XIV. In calendariis, Sanctus Wendelinus diebus XX, XXI, vel XXII Octobris celebratur. Patronus pastorum et gregum veneratur. Vitae antiquissimae quas Bollandistis notae sunt ad saeculum XV pertinent. Utrum fundamentum historicum habeant vehementer dubium est. == Fontes == Acta Sanctorum. Oct. T. IX, p. 342–351. – Stadler, Heiligen- Lex. V, 776. – (Stramberg,) Rhein. Antiquarius, 2. Abth., 2. Bd., S. 481 bis 491. cf. ADB:Wendelinus der Heilige de.wikisource.org <!--{{lifetime|554|617|Wendelinus}}--> [[:Categoria:Sanctus catholicus]] rbpkgmvmonzxn01fxicb99fkw7ztdai 3993255 3993254 2026-10-06T20:09:52Z Pippobuono 54500 /* Opera */ progressus 3993255 wikitext text/x-wiki = Utilia = == Ad civitates == <nowiki>{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>[[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]]</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes geographici}}</nowiki> == Ad homines == <nowiki>{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>* {{CathHierBishop|}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Archiepiscopi Friburgenses}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes biographici}}</nowiki> = Formulae episcopi = {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Capsa navigationis |formula = Episcopi Blesenses |titulus = Episcopi [[Dioecesis Blesensis|Blesenses]] |imago = [[Fasciculus:Bistum Blois.svg|125px]] |super= <small>Dioecesis erecta est anno 1697; dissoluta anno 1802, restituta anno 1822.</small>. |corpus = [[David Nicolaus Bertier]] <small>(1697-1719)</small> • [[Franciscus Lefebvre de Caumartin]] <small>(1719-1733)</small> • ''[[Carolus Henricus Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain]]'' <small>(designatus, sed non consecratus, 1733 seu 1734-1734)</small> • [[Franciscus de Crussol d'Uzès]] <small>(1734-1753)</small> • [[Carolus Gilbertus de May de Termont]] <small>(1753-1776)</small> • [[Alexander de Lauzières-Thémines]] <small>(1776-(1791)1801)</small> • '''sedes suppressa''' <small>(1801-1817)</small> • ''[[Ioannes Franciscus Martinus de Boisville]]'' <small>(administrator apostolicus, 1817-1822)</small> • [[Philippus Franciscus de Sauzin]] <small>(1823-1844)</small> • [[Maria Augustus Fabre des Essarts]] <small>(1844-1850)</small> • [[Ludovicus Theophilus Pallu du Parc]] <small>(1850-1877)</small> • [[Carolus Honoratus Laborde]] <small>(1877-1907)</small> • [[Alfredus Julius Mélisson]] <small>(1907-1925)</small> • [[Georgius Audollent]] <small>(1925-1944)</small> • [[Ludovicus Robin]] <small>(1945-1961)</small> • [[Iosephus Goupy]] <small>(1961-1990)</small> • [[Ioannes Cuminal]] <small>(1990-1996)</small> • [[Mauritius de Germiny]] <small>(1997-2014)</small> • [[Ioannes Petrus Batut]] <small>(2014-2023)</small> • [[Franciscus Bestion]] <small>(2024-)</small> |sub=<small>fontes : {{CathHierDiocese|bloi|Dioecesis Blesensis}} }}<noinclude> <no wiki>[[:Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses|!]] </nowiki> </noinclude> <nowiki>{{Attributio|fr|Liste des Évêques de Blois|238357871}}</nowiki> = [[Sanctus Iulianus]] = <nowiki>{{discretiva}}</nowiki> == Sancti == == Toponyma == === Francia === === Italia === == Notae et Fontes == <references /> [[:Categoria:Sancti|Iulianus]] = [[Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} ([[Francogallice]] {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Diocèse d'Amiens}}) est [[dioecesis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] [[Ecclesia Latina|Latinae]] in [[Francia]] sita, cuius sedes [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitatis Sagiensis]] est. Dioecesis, [[saeculum 5|saeculo quinto]] condita,<ref name=histoire>Secundum {{opus|url=https://www.orne.catholique.fr/diocese/histoire-et-presentation/|titulus=Histoire et présentation|domus editoria=orne.catholique.fr}} {{ling|Francogallice}}; {{CathHierDiocese|sees|Dioecesis Sagiensis}} dioecesim ortam esse saeculo III dicit.</ref> cum territorio [[Olina (praefectura Franciae)| praefecturae Olinae]] congruit. Diocesis suffraganea [[Archidioecesis Rothomagensis]] est. == Ecclesia cathedralis == [[Fasciculus:Amiens cathedral 028.JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|Ecclesia cathedralis [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Nostrae Dominae]] dicata.]] [[Ecclesia cathedralis]] Nostrae Dominae dicata, [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitate Sagiense]] sita est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * {{Opus|url=https://www.amiens.catholique.fr/|titulus=Situs officialis}} {{ling|Francogallice}} {{CommuniaCat|Roman Catholic Diocese of Amiens|Dioecesem Ambianensem}} {{Fontes geographici}} * {{CathHierDiocese|amie|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} <!--{{RC-stipula}}--> {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Franciae}} [[:Categoria:Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = Ad formulam = {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae}} {{Capsa navigationis | titulus = [[dioecesis|Dioeceses]] et ''archidioeceses'' [[ecclesia Catholica Romana|catholicae]] [[Polonia]]e | formula = Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae | Imago = [[Fasciculus:CatholicDiocesesPoland2004.svg|100px|Dioeceses Poloniae]] | corpus = ''[[Archidioecesis Bialostocensis|Bialostocensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Bielscensis-Zyviecensis|Bielscensis-Zyviecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Bydgostiensis|Bydgostiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Calissiensis|Calissiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Coslinensis-Colubregana|Coslinensis-Colubregana]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Cracoviensis|Cracoviensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Czestochoviensis|Czestochoviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Drohiczinensis|Drohiczinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Elbingensis|Elbingensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gedanensis|Gedanensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Glivicensis|Glivicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gnesnensis|Gnesnensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Katovicensis|Katovicensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Kielcensis|Kielcensis]] . [[Dioecesis Legnicensis|Legnicensis]] . [[Dioecesis Liccanensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lodziensis|Lodziensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Lomzensis|Lomzensis]] . [[Dioecesis Lovicensis|Lovicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lublinensis|Lublinensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Opoliensis|Opoliensis]] . [[Dioecesis Pelplinensis|Pelplinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Plocensis|Plocensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Posnaniensis|Posnaniensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Premisliensis Latinorum|Premisliensis Latinorum]]'' . [[Dioecesis Radomensis|Radomensis]] . [[Dioecesis Rzeszoviensis|Rzeszoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sandomiriensis|Sandomiriensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Sedinensis-Caminensis|Sedinensis-Caminensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Siedlecensis|Siedlecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sosnoviensis|Sosnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Suidniciensis|Suidniciensis]] . [[Dioecesis Tarnoviensis|Tarnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Thoruniensis|Thoruniensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Varmiensis|Varmiensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Varsaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Varsaviensis-Pragensis]] . [[Dioecesis Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis|Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Vladislaviensis|Vladislaviensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Vratislaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis|Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis]] . [[Ordinariatus Militaris Poloniae]] }} <noinclude> == Vide etiam == * [[Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae]] <!--[[Categoria:Formulae Poloniam spectantes]] [[Categoria:Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae in Polonia|!]] [[Categoria:Formulae navigationis hierarchiae Catholicae]]--> </noinclude> = [[Bruno Feillet]] = {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} '''Bruno Feillet''' (natus die [[16 Novembris]] [[1959]] [[Burdigala#Partes urbis|Caudéran]], [[Girumna (praefectura Franciae)|Girumna]]) est Episcopus [[Dioecesis Sagiensis]] ab anno 2021.<ref>{{CathHierBishop|feillet}}</ref> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Bruno Feillet|Brunonem Feillet}} {{Fontes biographici}} == Notae == <references /> {{RC-stipula}} {{Episcopi Sagienses}} <nowiki>{{Lifetime|1959||Feillet, Bruno}}</nowiki> [[:Categoria:Episcopi Sagienses]] [[:Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] = [[Raymondus Aron]] = {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{Res|Raymondus Aron}}, {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Raymond Aron}} ([[Lutetia]]e [[14 Martii]] [[1905]] natus; eadem civitate [[17 Octobris]] [[1983]] mortuus) fuit [[philosophus]], [[sociologus]], [[politologus]], [[historicus]] et [[diurnarius]] [[Francia|Francicus]]. == Biographia == Initio amicus et condiscipulus [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Ioannis Pauli Sartre]] et [[Paulus Nizan|Pauli Nizan]] in [[Schola normalis superior (Lutetia)|Schola Normali Superiore]], ardens [[liberalismus|liberalismi]] fautor, contra ambitum intellectualem [[Pacifismus|pacifisticum]] qui dominabatur, factus est. In opere suo celeberrimo, ''L'Opium des intellectuels'', caecitatem et complicitatem intellectualium erga regimina communistarum denuntiavit. Triginta annos, Aron scriptor editorialis pro diurno ''[[Le Figaro]]'' fuit. Postremis annis apud ''[[L'Express]]'' laboravit. Anno [[1978]], periodicum intellectuale ''[[Commentaire]]'' condidit, ut principia, quae democratiam liberalem sive societatem liberalem regere debent, defenderet et illustraret. Hoc conatum, alia perspectiva et alio titulo continuans, ad periodicum ''[[Contrepoint]]'' contulit, a tribus studentibus [[Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense|Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] mense Maio 1970 conditum. Triginta annos docuit, praesertim apud Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense et [[École des hautes études en sciences sociales]], et cathedram ''Sociologiae Civilisationis Modernae'' apud [[Collegium Franciae]] anno 1970 obtinuit. Commentator agnitus est de [[Carolus Marxius|Marxio]], [[Carolus Philippus Amadeus de Clausewitz|Clausewitz]], [[Alexander Kojève|Kojève]] et [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Sartre]]. Variis artibus et studiis (in oeconomia, sociologia, philosophia, rebus internationalibus, et geopolitica) gratias egregie egit et magnam famam apud intellectuales consecutus est. Eius opiniones [[Liberalismus|liberales]] et atlantisticae a fautoribus eius, tam a sinistra quam a dextra, acriter reprehensae sunt. Nihilominus, per totam vitam moderatum animum servavit.<ref>{{opus |auctor=Perrine Simon |titulus=Raymond Aron dans l'histoire du siècle |domus editoria=[[Vingtième Siècle : Revue d'histoire]] |volume=9 |date=1986 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/xxs_0294-1759_1986_num_9_1_1460 |pagina=124-126 }} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref>. Anno 1963 [[Academia Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum|Academiae Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum]] electus est.<ref>{{opus |langue=fr |titulus=M. Raymond Aron est élu l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1963/11/27/m-raymond-aron-est-elu-membre-de-l-academie-des-sciences-morales-et-politiques_2220400_1819218.html |situs=lemonde.fr |data=27 novembre 1963 }}.</ref>. Die [[17 Octobris]] [[1983]], impetu cordis affectus, mortuus est, postquam pro [[Bertrandus de Jouvenel|Bertrando de Jouvenel]] testimonium dixisset in iudicio, quo eum contra [[Zeev Sternhell]] oppugnabat.<ref>{{opus|domus editoria=Canal Académie |url=http://www.canalacademie.com/ida3922-Un-intellectuel-atypique-Bertrand-de-Jouvenel.html|titulus=Un intellectuel atypique : Bertrand de Jouvenel|annus=}} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref> == Opera (selectio) == [[Image:Book signed by Raymond Aron and offered to Maurice Halbwachs.JPG|thumb|upright|Dedicatio Raymundi Aron ad [[Mauritius Halbwachs|Mauritium Halbwachs]] scripta in ''La Sociologie allemande contemporaine'', Paris, Alcan, 1935.]] * {{opus|titulus=Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire. Essai sur les limites de l'objectivité historique|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1938}} * {{opus|titulus=De l'armistice à l'insurrection nationale|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1945}} * {{opus|titulus=Le Grand Schisme|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1948}} * {{opus|titulus=La Tragédie algérienne|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Plon|annus= 1957}} * {{opus|titulus=Dimensions de la conscience historique|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Plon|annus=1961}} * {{opus|titulus=Démocratie et Totalitarisme|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1965}} * {{opus|titulus=D'une sainte famille à l'autre. Essai sur le marxisme imaginaire|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1969}} * {{opus|titulus=De la condition historique du sociologue|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus= 1971}} * {{opus|titulus=Histoire et dialectique de la violence|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1973}}<ref>Commentarium operis ''Critique de la raison dialectique'' [[Ioannes Pauli Sartre|Sartre]]</ref> * {{opus|titulus=Penser la guerre, Clausewitz|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus= 1976}} === Postumae === * {{opus|titulus=Une histoire du XXe siècle, anthologie|locus=Paris |domus editoria=Plon|annus= 1996}} * {{opus|auctor1=Raymundus Aron|auctor2=[[Ludovicus Séchan]]|titulus=Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Éditions de Fallois|annus=1997|isbn=2-253-90536-4}} * {{opus|titulus=Aron, critique de Sartre : Textes rassemblés et commentés par Perrine Simon-Nahum|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria= Calmann-Lévy|collectio=Bibliothèque Raymond Aron|paginae=350|annus= 2025 |isbn=978-2702191644}} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Raymond Aron|Raymondum Aron}} {{Fontes biographici}} <!--{{Lifetime|1905|1983|Aron, Raymondus}}--> [[:Categoria:Agnostici]] [[:Categoria:Politologi]] [[:Categoria:Sectatores Franciae liberae]] [[:Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]] [[:Categoria:Professores apud Collegium Franciae]] [[:Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[:Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum]] [[:Categoria:Socii Academiae Artium et Scientiarum Americanae]] [[:Categoria:Professores Scholae Studiorum ad Scientias Sociales Superiorum (Lutetia)]] [[:Categoria:Professores Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] [[:Categoria:Philosophi]] [[:Categoria:Alumni Lycei Condorcet]] [[:Categoria:Alumni Scholae Normalis Superioris (Lutetia)]] [[:Categoria:Sociologi]] = [[Wendelinus (Sanctus)]] = Wendelinus (Theodisce Wendelin) est sanctus [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]], die [[21 Octobris]] veneratus, qui in [[Religio Christiana|Christianisatione]] [[Rhenania et Palatinatus|Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]] et praesertim septentrionalis [[Saravia]]e participavit. Persona virtuosa, popularis et agricola, originis [[Scotia|Scoticae]] vel [[Hibernia|Hibernicae]], nobilis et divitis stirpis, nihilominus [[eremita]], [[peregrinus]], agricola, pastor, deinde [[monachus]] factus est, antequam munus abbatis [[Abbatia Theulegii|Abbatiae]] [[Theulegium|Theulegii]] occupavit. Sanctus Wendelinus patronus pastorum, segetum et pecorum, et postea omnium animalium domesticorum (vaccarum, gallinorum, canum, felium, etc.) est. cf fr.wikipedia Secundum fabulam, Sanctus Vandalinus filius erat Frochardi et Evelinae regiorum coniugum Scotorum. Iuvenis, coronam et voluptates mundi repudiavit et Deo in paupertate et obscuritate servire constituit. Romam aliaque loca peregrinationis ut peregrinus visitavit, deinde aliquamdiu ut eremita in regione Westrich Episcopatus Trevirensis vixit, domino manerii serviens, primum ut subulcus, deinde ut pastor boum, et denique ut pastor ovium. Postea, abbas Monasterii Tholey electus et a Severino Episcopo Trevirensi anno 517 consecratus est. Anno 607 mortuus est et prope casam ubi antea ut eremita vixerat sepultus est. Oppidum Sancti Wendel ibi conditum est propter multas peregrinationes saeculi XIV. In calendariis, Sanctus Wendelinus diebus XX, XXI, vel XXII Octobris celebratur. Patronus pastorum et gregum veneratur. Vitae antiquissimae quas Bollandistis notae sunt ad saeculum XV pertinent. Utrum fundamentum historicum habeant vehementer dubium est. == Fontes == Acta Sanctorum. Oct. T. IX, p. 342–351. – Stadler, Heiligen- Lex. V, 776. – (Stramberg,) Rhein. Antiquarius, 2. Abth., 2. Bd., S. 481 bis 491. cf. ADB:Wendelinus der Heilige de.wikisource.org <!--{{lifetime|554|617|Wendelinus}}--> [[:Categoria:Sanctus catholicus]] slk5h7atgg5iodv6qagxs0ads70a3v1 3993260 3993255 2026-10-06T20:28:09Z Pippobuono 54500 /* Raymondus Aron */ productio 3993260 wikitext text/x-wiki = Utilia = == Ad civitates == <nowiki>{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>[[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]]</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes geographici}}</nowiki> == Ad homines == <nowiki>{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>* {{CathHierBishop|}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Archiepiscopi Friburgenses}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes biographici}}</nowiki> = Formulae episcopi = {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Capsa navigationis |formula = Episcopi Blesenses |titulus = Episcopi [[Dioecesis Blesensis|Blesenses]] |imago = [[Fasciculus:Bistum Blois.svg|125px]] |super= <small>Dioecesis erecta est anno 1697; dissoluta anno 1802, restituta anno 1822.</small>. |corpus = [[David Nicolaus Bertier]] <small>(1697-1719)</small> • [[Franciscus Lefebvre de Caumartin]] <small>(1719-1733)</small> • ''[[Carolus Henricus Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain]]'' <small>(designatus, sed non consecratus, 1733 seu 1734-1734)</small> • [[Franciscus de Crussol d'Uzès]] <small>(1734-1753)</small> • [[Carolus Gilbertus de May de Termont]] <small>(1753-1776)</small> • [[Alexander de Lauzières-Thémines]] <small>(1776-(1791)1801)</small> • '''sedes suppressa''' <small>(1801-1817)</small> • ''[[Ioannes Franciscus Martinus de Boisville]]'' <small>(administrator apostolicus, 1817-1822)</small> • [[Philippus Franciscus de Sauzin]] <small>(1823-1844)</small> • [[Maria Augustus Fabre des Essarts]] <small>(1844-1850)</small> • [[Ludovicus Theophilus Pallu du Parc]] <small>(1850-1877)</small> • [[Carolus Honoratus Laborde]] <small>(1877-1907)</small> • [[Alfredus Julius Mélisson]] <small>(1907-1925)</small> • [[Georgius Audollent]] <small>(1925-1944)</small> • [[Ludovicus Robin]] <small>(1945-1961)</small> • [[Iosephus Goupy]] <small>(1961-1990)</small> • [[Ioannes Cuminal]] <small>(1990-1996)</small> • [[Mauritius de Germiny]] <small>(1997-2014)</small> • [[Ioannes Petrus Batut]] <small>(2014-2023)</small> • [[Franciscus Bestion]] <small>(2024-)</small> |sub=<small>fontes : {{CathHierDiocese|bloi|Dioecesis Blesensis}} }}<noinclude> <no wiki>[[:Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses|!]] </nowiki> </noinclude> <nowiki>{{Attributio|fr|Liste des Évêques de Blois|238357871}}</nowiki> = [[Sanctus Iulianus]] = <nowiki>{{discretiva}}</nowiki> == Sancti == == Toponyma == === Francia === === Italia === == Notae et Fontes == <references /> [[:Categoria:Sancti|Iulianus]] = [[Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} ([[Francogallice]] {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Diocèse d'Amiens}}) est [[dioecesis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] [[Ecclesia Latina|Latinae]] in [[Francia]] sita, cuius sedes [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitatis Sagiensis]] est. Dioecesis, [[saeculum 5|saeculo quinto]] condita,<ref name=histoire>Secundum {{opus|url=https://www.orne.catholique.fr/diocese/histoire-et-presentation/|titulus=Histoire et présentation|domus editoria=orne.catholique.fr}} {{ling|Francogallice}}; {{CathHierDiocese|sees|Dioecesis Sagiensis}} dioecesim ortam esse saeculo III dicit.</ref> cum territorio [[Olina (praefectura Franciae)| praefecturae Olinae]] congruit. Diocesis suffraganea [[Archidioecesis Rothomagensis]] est. == Ecclesia cathedralis == [[Fasciculus:Amiens cathedral 028.JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|Ecclesia cathedralis [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Nostrae Dominae]] dicata.]] [[Ecclesia cathedralis]] Nostrae Dominae dicata, [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitate Sagiense]] sita est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * {{Opus|url=https://www.amiens.catholique.fr/|titulus=Situs officialis}} {{ling|Francogallice}} {{CommuniaCat|Roman Catholic Diocese of Amiens|Dioecesem Ambianensem}} {{Fontes geographici}} * {{CathHierDiocese|amie|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} <!--{{RC-stipula}}--> {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Franciae}} [[:Categoria:Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = Ad formulam = {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae}} {{Capsa navigationis | titulus = [[dioecesis|Dioeceses]] et ''archidioeceses'' [[ecclesia Catholica Romana|catholicae]] [[Polonia]]e | formula = Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae | Imago = [[Fasciculus:CatholicDiocesesPoland2004.svg|100px|Dioeceses Poloniae]] | corpus = ''[[Archidioecesis Bialostocensis|Bialostocensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Bielscensis-Zyviecensis|Bielscensis-Zyviecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Bydgostiensis|Bydgostiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Calissiensis|Calissiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Coslinensis-Colubregana|Coslinensis-Colubregana]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Cracoviensis|Cracoviensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Czestochoviensis|Czestochoviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Drohiczinensis|Drohiczinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Elbingensis|Elbingensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gedanensis|Gedanensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Glivicensis|Glivicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gnesnensis|Gnesnensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Katovicensis|Katovicensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Kielcensis|Kielcensis]] . [[Dioecesis Legnicensis|Legnicensis]] . [[Dioecesis Liccanensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lodziensis|Lodziensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Lomzensis|Lomzensis]] . [[Dioecesis Lovicensis|Lovicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lublinensis|Lublinensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Opoliensis|Opoliensis]] . [[Dioecesis Pelplinensis|Pelplinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Plocensis|Plocensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Posnaniensis|Posnaniensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Premisliensis Latinorum|Premisliensis Latinorum]]'' . [[Dioecesis Radomensis|Radomensis]] . [[Dioecesis Rzeszoviensis|Rzeszoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sandomiriensis|Sandomiriensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Sedinensis-Caminensis|Sedinensis-Caminensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Siedlecensis|Siedlecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sosnoviensis|Sosnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Suidniciensis|Suidniciensis]] . [[Dioecesis Tarnoviensis|Tarnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Thoruniensis|Thoruniensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Varmiensis|Varmiensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Varsaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Varsaviensis-Pragensis]] . [[Dioecesis Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis|Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Vladislaviensis|Vladislaviensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Vratislaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis|Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis]] . [[Ordinariatus Militaris Poloniae]] }} <noinclude> == Vide etiam == * [[Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae]] <!--[[Categoria:Formulae Poloniam spectantes]] [[Categoria:Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae in Polonia|!]] [[Categoria:Formulae navigationis hierarchiae Catholicae]]--> </noinclude> = [[Bruno Feillet]] = {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} '''Bruno Feillet''' (natus die [[16 Novembris]] [[1959]] [[Burdigala#Partes urbis|Caudéran]], [[Girumna (praefectura Franciae)|Girumna]]) est Episcopus [[Dioecesis Sagiensis]] ab anno 2021.<ref>{{CathHierBishop|feillet}}</ref> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Bruno Feillet|Brunonem Feillet}} {{Fontes biographici}} == Notae == <references /> {{RC-stipula}} {{Episcopi Sagienses}} <nowiki>{{Lifetime|1959||Feillet, Bruno}}</nowiki> [[:Categoria:Episcopi Sagienses]] [[:Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] = [[Wendelinus (Sanctus)]] = Wendelinus (Theodisce Wendelin) est sanctus [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]], die [[21 Octobris]] veneratus, qui in [[Religio Christiana|Christianisatione]] [[Rhenania et Palatinatus|Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]] et praesertim septentrionalis [[Saravia]]e participavit. Persona virtuosa, popularis et agricola, originis [[Scotia|Scoticae]] vel [[Hibernia|Hibernicae]], nobilis et divitis stirpis, nihilominus [[eremita]], [[peregrinus]], agricola, pastor, deinde [[monachus]] factus est, antequam munus abbatis [[Abbatia Theulegii|Abbatiae]] [[Theulegium|Theulegii]] occupavit. Sanctus Wendelinus patronus pastorum, segetum et pecorum, et postea omnium animalium domesticorum (vaccarum, gallinorum, canum, felium, etc.) est. cf fr.wikipedia Secundum fabulam, Sanctus Vandalinus filius erat Frochardi et Evelinae regiorum coniugum Scotorum. Iuvenis, coronam et voluptates mundi repudiavit et Deo in paupertate et obscuritate servire constituit. Romam aliaque loca peregrinationis ut peregrinus visitavit, deinde aliquamdiu ut eremita in regione Westrich Episcopatus Trevirensis vixit, domino manerii serviens, primum ut subulcus, deinde ut pastor boum, et denique ut pastor ovium. Postea, abbas Monasterii Tholey electus et a Severino Episcopo Trevirensi anno 517 consecratus est. Anno 607 mortuus est et prope casam ubi antea ut eremita vixerat sepultus est. Oppidum Sancti Wendel ibi conditum est propter multas peregrinationes saeculi XIV. In calendariis, Sanctus Wendelinus diebus XX, XXI, vel XXII Octobris celebratur. Patronus pastorum et gregum veneratur. Vitae antiquissimae quas Bollandistis notae sunt ad saeculum XV pertinent. Utrum fundamentum historicum habeant vehementer dubium est. == Fontes == Acta Sanctorum. Oct. T. IX, p. 342–351. – Stadler, Heiligen- Lex. V, 776. – (Stramberg,) Rhein. Antiquarius, 2. Abth., 2. Bd., S. 481 bis 491. cf. ADB:Wendelinus der Heilige de.wikisource.org <!--{{lifetime|554|617|Wendelinus}}--> [[:Categoria:Sanctus catholicus]] 9dbegy921tf3lgpuwv09dbbwo7cb5bj 3993261 3993260 2026-10-06T20:29:13Z Pippobuono 54500 /* Bruno Feillet */ factum 3993261 wikitext text/x-wiki = Utilia = == Ad civitates == <nowiki>{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>[[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]]</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes geographici}}</nowiki> == Ad homines == <nowiki>{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}</nowiki> <nowiki>* {{CathHierBishop|}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Archiepiscopi Friburgenses}}</nowiki> <nowiki>{{Fontes biographici}}</nowiki> = Formulae episcopi = {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Capsa navigationis |formula = Episcopi Blesenses |titulus = Episcopi [[Dioecesis Blesensis|Blesenses]] |imago = [[Fasciculus:Bistum Blois.svg|125px]] |super= <small>Dioecesis erecta est anno 1697; dissoluta anno 1802, restituta anno 1822.</small>. |corpus = [[David Nicolaus Bertier]] <small>(1697-1719)</small> • [[Franciscus Lefebvre de Caumartin]] <small>(1719-1733)</small> • ''[[Carolus Henricus Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain]]'' <small>(designatus, sed non consecratus, 1733 seu 1734-1734)</small> • [[Franciscus de Crussol d'Uzès]] <small>(1734-1753)</small> • [[Carolus Gilbertus de May de Termont]] <small>(1753-1776)</small> • [[Alexander de Lauzières-Thémines]] <small>(1776-(1791)1801)</small> • '''sedes suppressa''' <small>(1801-1817)</small> • ''[[Ioannes Franciscus Martinus de Boisville]]'' <small>(administrator apostolicus, 1817-1822)</small> • [[Philippus Franciscus de Sauzin]] <small>(1823-1844)</small> • [[Maria Augustus Fabre des Essarts]] <small>(1844-1850)</small> • [[Ludovicus Theophilus Pallu du Parc]] <small>(1850-1877)</small> • [[Carolus Honoratus Laborde]] <small>(1877-1907)</small> • [[Alfredus Julius Mélisson]] <small>(1907-1925)</small> • [[Georgius Audollent]] <small>(1925-1944)</small> • [[Ludovicus Robin]] <small>(1945-1961)</small> • [[Iosephus Goupy]] <small>(1961-1990)</small> • [[Ioannes Cuminal]] <small>(1990-1996)</small> • [[Mauritius de Germiny]] <small>(1997-2014)</small> • [[Ioannes Petrus Batut]] <small>(2014-2023)</small> • [[Franciscus Bestion]] <small>(2024-)</small> |sub=<small>fontes : {{CathHierDiocese|bloi|Dioecesis Blesensis}} }}<noinclude> <no wiki>[[:Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses|!]] </nowiki> </noinclude> <nowiki>{{Attributio|fr|Liste des Évêques de Blois|238357871}}</nowiki> = [[Sanctus Iulianus]] = <nowiki>{{discretiva}}</nowiki> == Sancti == == Toponyma == === Francia === === Italia === == Notae et Fontes == <references /> [[:Categoria:Sancti|Iulianus]] = [[Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} ([[Francogallice]] {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Diocèse d'Amiens}}) est [[dioecesis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] [[Ecclesia Latina|Latinae]] in [[Francia]] sita, cuius sedes [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitatis Sagiensis]] est. Dioecesis, [[saeculum 5|saeculo quinto]] condita,<ref name=histoire>Secundum {{opus|url=https://www.orne.catholique.fr/diocese/histoire-et-presentation/|titulus=Histoire et présentation|domus editoria=orne.catholique.fr}} {{ling|Francogallice}}; {{CathHierDiocese|sees|Dioecesis Sagiensis}} dioecesim ortam esse saeculo III dicit.</ref> cum territorio [[Olina (praefectura Franciae)| praefecturae Olinae]] congruit. Diocesis suffraganea [[Archidioecesis Rothomagensis]] est. == Ecclesia cathedralis == [[Fasciculus:Amiens cathedral 028.JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|Ecclesia cathedralis [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Nostrae Dominae]] dicata.]] [[Ecclesia cathedralis]] Nostrae Dominae dicata, [[Civitas Sagiensis|Civitate Sagiense]] sita est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * {{Opus|url=https://www.amiens.catholique.fr/|titulus=Situs officialis}} {{ling|Francogallice}} {{CommuniaCat|Roman Catholic Diocese of Amiens|Dioecesem Ambianensem}} {{Fontes geographici}} * {{CathHierDiocese|amie|Dioecesis Ambianensis}} <!--{{RC-stipula}}--> {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Franciae}} [[:Categoria:Dioecesis Ambianensis]] = Ad formulam = {{Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae}} {{Capsa navigationis | titulus = [[dioecesis|Dioeceses]] et ''archidioeceses'' [[ecclesia Catholica Romana|catholicae]] [[Polonia]]e | formula = Dioeceses archidioeceses catholicae Poloniae | Imago = [[Fasciculus:CatholicDiocesesPoland2004.svg|100px|Dioeceses Poloniae]] | corpus = ''[[Archidioecesis Bialostocensis|Bialostocensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Bielscensis-Zyviecensis|Bielscensis-Zyviecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Bydgostiensis|Bydgostiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Calissiensis|Calissiensis]] . [[Dioecesis Coslinensis-Colubregana|Coslinensis-Colubregana]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Cracoviensis|Cracoviensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Czestochoviensis|Czestochoviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Drohiczinensis|Drohiczinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Elbingensis|Elbingensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gedanensis|Gedanensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Glivicensis|Glivicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Gnesnensis|Gnesnensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Katovicensis|Katovicensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Kielcensis|Kielcensis]] . [[Dioecesis Legnicensis|Legnicensis]] . [[Dioecesis Liccanensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lodziensis|Lodziensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Lomzensis|Lomzensis]] . [[Dioecesis Lovicensis|Lovicensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Lublinensis|Lublinensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Opoliensis|Opoliensis]] . [[Dioecesis Pelplinensis|Pelplinensis]] . [[Dioecesis Plocensis|Plocensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Posnaniensis|Posnaniensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Premisliensis Latinorum|Premisliensis Latinorum]]'' . [[Dioecesis Radomensis|Radomensis]] . [[Dioecesis Rzeszoviensis|Rzeszoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sandomiriensis|Sandomiriensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Sedinensis-Caminensis|Sedinensis-Caminensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Siedlecensis|Siedlecensis]] . [[Dioecesis Sosnoviensis|Sosnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Suidniciensis|Suidniciensis]] . [[Dioecesis Tarnoviensis|Tarnoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Thoruniensis|Thoruniensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Varmiensis|Varmiensis]]'' . ''[[Archidioecesis Varsaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Varsaviensis-Pragensis]] . [[Dioecesis Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis|Viridimontanensis-Gorzoviensis]] . [[Dioecesis Vladislaviensis|Vladislaviensis]] . ''[[Archidioecesis Vratislaviensis]]'' . [[Dioecesis Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis|Zamosciensis-Lubaczoviensis]] . [[Ordinariatus Militaris Poloniae]] }} <noinclude> == Vide etiam == * [[Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae]] <!--[[Categoria:Formulae Poloniam spectantes]] [[Categoria:Dioeceses Ecclesiae Catholicae in Polonia|!]] [[Categoria:Formulae navigationis hierarchiae Catholicae]]--> </noinclude> = [[Wendelinus (Sanctus)]] = Wendelinus (Theodisce Wendelin) est sanctus [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]], die [[21 Octobris]] veneratus, qui in [[Religio Christiana|Christianisatione]] [[Rhenania et Palatinatus|Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]] et praesertim septentrionalis [[Saravia]]e participavit. Persona virtuosa, popularis et agricola, originis [[Scotia|Scoticae]] vel [[Hibernia|Hibernicae]], nobilis et divitis stirpis, nihilominus [[eremita]], [[peregrinus]], agricola, pastor, deinde [[monachus]] factus est, antequam munus abbatis [[Abbatia Theulegii|Abbatiae]] [[Theulegium|Theulegii]] occupavit. Sanctus Wendelinus patronus pastorum, segetum et pecorum, et postea omnium animalium domesticorum (vaccarum, gallinorum, canum, felium, etc.) est. cf fr.wikipedia Secundum fabulam, Sanctus Vandalinus filius erat Frochardi et Evelinae regiorum coniugum Scotorum. Iuvenis, coronam et voluptates mundi repudiavit et Deo in paupertate et obscuritate servire constituit. Romam aliaque loca peregrinationis ut peregrinus visitavit, deinde aliquamdiu ut eremita in regione Westrich Episcopatus Trevirensis vixit, domino manerii serviens, primum ut subulcus, deinde ut pastor boum, et denique ut pastor ovium. Postea, abbas Monasterii Tholey electus et a Severino Episcopo Trevirensi anno 517 consecratus est. Anno 607 mortuus est et prope casam ubi antea ut eremita vixerat sepultus est. Oppidum Sancti Wendel ibi conditum est propter multas peregrinationes saeculi XIV. In calendariis, Sanctus Wendelinus diebus XX, XXI, vel XXII Octobris celebratur. Patronus pastorum et gregum veneratur. Vitae antiquissimae quas Bollandistis notae sunt ad saeculum XV pertinent. Utrum fundamentum historicum habeant vehementer dubium est. == Fontes == Acta Sanctorum. Oct. T. IX, p. 342–351. – Stadler, Heiligen- Lex. V, 776. – (Stramberg,) Rhein. Antiquarius, 2. Abth., 2. Bd., S. 481 bis 491. cf. ADB:Wendelinus der Heilige de.wikisource.org <!--{{lifetime|554|617|Wendelinus}}--> [[:Categoria:Sanctus catholicus]] q8sthzhxw5n4b1cgw2e84b1xgnnhz2u Carmen (opera) 0 320626 3993276 3976858 2026-10-06T22:22:31Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993276 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Salzburger Festspiele 2012 - Carmen.jpg|thumb|Spectatores qui operam ''Carmen'' ludent, [[Salisburgum|Salisburgi]] festum]] '''Carmen''' est ''[[opéra comique]]'' (sic Francogallice, Latine [[opera (discretiva)|drama melicum]]) a [[Georgius Bizet|Georgio Bizet]] compositus cum [[libellus|libello]] [[Prosper Mérimée]] et primum actus die [[3 Martii]] [[1875]] apud theatrum nationale ''Opéra-Comique'' [[Lutetia]]e. [[Melodrama]] populare et [[magnum opus]] Georgii Bizet putatur modo [[verismus|verismio]]. == Dramatis personae == *Carmen, [[opifex|laboratorix]] [[Zingari]] - mezzo-[[supranus]] *Don José - [[tenor]] *Micaëla - [[supranus]] *Escamillo - baritonus Et cetera. == Synopsis == Hoc melodrama e quattuor [[actio (drama)|actionibus]] constat: #'''Prima actio''': [[Hispalis]] circa 1820. Opifices Carmen amore seducere conantur, sed Carmen negat. Deinde Carmen in [[carcer]]em mittitur. Sed Don José illam liberat. #'''Actio secunda''': Don José comprehenditur ratione liberationis Carmen. Deinde liberatus est. Carmen pro Don José [[saltatio|saltat]]. Sed Cor Carmen pro Escamillo iit. #'''Actio tertia''': Carmen oraculum malum acquisit per divinationem. Don José et Escamillo [[certamen singulare]] fecit. Don José grecem furti reliquat. #'''Actio ultima''': Don José ad Carmen amorem conpellat. Sed Carmen negat et Don José Caormen [[homicidium|necat]]. == Eponymus == Asteroides [[558 Carmen]] in eius honorem nominatus fuit. == Nexus externi == *[https://imslp.org/wiki/Carmen_(Bizet,_Georges) Notatio operae] ([[International Music Score Library Project]]) *[https://web.archive.org/web/20250930002035/https://www.murashev.com/opera/Carmen_Libretto_Frensh_English Libellus] [[Categoria:Musica 1875]] [[Categoria:Operae]] [[Categoria:Musica classica]] 3p61j4p77apgx2265z3s4savcir2hbs Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/doc 10 320929 3993189 3991910 2026-10-06T14:29:59Z Grufo 64423 /* De argumentis */ Nova pars 3993189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Substitutio quae suam transclusionem protrahit | 1 = ... | formula = pcc | seu 1 = pcc | seu 2 = pagina creanda creatave | seu 3 = pagina creanda | seu 4 = nexus intervicialis | seu 5 = niv }} {{Formula transitoria}} {{Compendia substitutionis|pcc|niv|pagina creanda}} {{Lua|Modulus:Params|Modulus:Redirection|Modulus:Vicidata}} In Vicipaedia, omnes nexus rubri in pagina speciali [[Specialis:Paginae desideratae|paginarum desideratarum]] numerantur, attamen quomodo tales paginae ad paginas aliis linguis annectantur ignorabitur; haec [[Auxilium:Substitutio|substitutio]] intercedit ut nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus indicentur. {{Nota bene}} Non tibi licet substitutionem {{fsn|pcc}} in notis <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> inserere; ut hoc facias, utere substitutione {{fsn|cref}}. == De usu == ; Syntaxis 1 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> ; Syntaxis 2 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> === Exempla === Si pagina nondum exsistit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * Si nomen Latinum paginae idem est ac nomen '''omnibus''' aliis linguis '''a te praebitis''', nomen Latinum sufficet: ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS||en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si pagina iam exsitit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|abcd efgh ijkl]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque iam est pagina Latina quae ad Vicidata nectit sed titulus Latinus praebitus differt, pagina intervicialis praevalebit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Marcus Tullius Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque titulus Latinus iam exsistit sed nexus ad Vicidata praebitum abest aut aliud indicat, [[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|signum quoddam]] ostendetur atque pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis]] numerabitur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si, quum demum pagina Latina creabitur, verbis ostentis novum nomen sequendum erit, scribe notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in secundo argumento. Formula memorabit utrum littera initialis primi argumenti esset maiuscula an minuscula: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est in indicibus quales paginae discretivae, indices nexuum internorum, et cetera. {{Nota bene}} Cave ne notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in corpore textūs extra indices inseras, nam saepe titulis sunt notae parenthesis in textu non ostendendae. {{Ast}} Argumenta {{para|d}} et {{para|qid}} in hoc tantum differunt, quod argumentum {{para|d}} in pagina ostendetur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si e paginis intervicialibus praebitis nullum argumentum {{para|qid}} deduci potest, pagina nectens in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]] numerabitur. {{Ast}} Si nulla alia pagina intervicialis nectitur, monitus “nexus intervicialis desideratur” ostenditur et pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]] numeratur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est quotienscumque nexus rubrus obscurus invenitur. == De vetere formula {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} vertenda == Si pagina formulam {{fn|creanda}} iam adhibet et ad hanc substitutionem convertenda est, substitue formulam {{Fsn|creanda}} in eius locum. Exempli gratia: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> Si omnia manu vertere vis, tantummodo substitue partes vicitextūs his exemplis acclaratas: * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>=</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#124;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#61;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#61;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> === Expressiones regulares ad veterem formulam vertendam === {{Folium flexibile | exordium = collapsum | praeambulum = Ad versionem veteris formulae accelerandam, nonnullae {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|expressio regularis|expressiones regulares|en|qid=Q185612}} adhiberi possunt. | corpus = ; Expressio regularis (formulā {{fn|Creanda}} dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2&#124;\3\4&#125;&#125;</code> ; Expressio regularis (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2\3&#61;\4&#124;\5\6&#125;&#125;</code> }} == De argumentis == {{De formula adhibenda | summarium = Haec substitutio nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus ostendit. | forma = horizontalis | titulus 1 = Titulus | descriptio 1 = Titulus paginae creandae | forma 1 = textualis | praesentia 1 = necessaria | exemplum 1 = LARES (satelles) | titulus 2 = Verba ostendenda | descriptio 2 = Verba in nexu ostendenda | forma 2 = vicitextualis | praesentia 2 = voluntaria | exemplum 2 = LARES satellitem | titulus 3 = Lingua 1 | descriptio 3 = Tessera linguae 1 | forma 3 = textualis | praesentia 3 = voluntaria | exemplum 3 = it | titulus 4 = Lingua 2 | descriptio 4 = Tessera linguae 2 | forma 4 = textualis | praesentia 4 = voluntaria | exemplum 4 = en | titulus 5 = Lingua 3 | descriptio 5 = Tessera linguae 3 | forma 5 = textualis | praesentia 5 = voluntaria | exemplum 5 = fr | titulus 6 = Lingua 4 | descriptio 6 = Et cetera... | forma 6 = textualis | praesentia 6 = voluntaria | exemplum 6 = de | nomen 100 = qid | titulus 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | descriptio 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | forma 100 = textualis | praesentia 100 = voluntaria | exemplum 100 = Q427370 | nomen 101 = d | titulus 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum | descriptio 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum conspicua | forma 101 = textualis | praesentia 101 = voluntaria | exemplum 101 = Q427370 | nomen 102 = it | titulus 102 = Italice | descriptio 102 = Nomen paginae Italicae | forma 102 = textualis | praesentia 102 = voluntaria | exemplum 102 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 103 = en | titulus 103 = Anglice | descriptio 103 = Nomen paginae Anglicae | forma 103 = textualis | praesentia 103 = voluntaria | exemplum 103 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 104 = fr | titulus 104 = Francogallice | descriptio 104 = Nomen paginae Francogallicae | forma 104 = textualis | praesentia 104 = voluntaria | exemplum 104 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 105 = de | titulus 105 = Theodisce | descriptio 105 = Nomen paginae Theodiscae | forma 105 = textualis | praesentia 105 = voluntaria | exemplum 105 = LARES (Satellit) }} == Subformulae machinariae == * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/bivium}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus}}&#125;&#125; == Synonyma == * {{Fsn|pagina creanda creatave}} * {{Fsn|pagina creanda}} * {{Fsn|nexus intervicialis}} * {{Fsn|niv}} * {{Fsn|pcc}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales absentes nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # caduciter }} * {{Fsn|Annotatio cum paginis creandis}} * {{Fn|Nexus obscurus}} * {{Fn|Convertimus}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creetur}} * {{Fn|Creetur caput}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creanda}} – formula obsoleta ** {{Nexus cum parametris | 1 = Specialis:Quaerere | 2 = Paginae quae formulam &#123;&#123;Creanda&#125;&#125; adhuc adhibent | sort = last_edit_desc | search = insource:/\{\{\s*creanda\s*\{{!}}/i | profile = advanced | fulltext = 1 | limit = 500 | ns0 = 1 | ns1 = 1 | ns2 = 1 | ns3 = 1 | ns4 = 1 | ns5 = 1 | ns6 = 1 | ns7 = 1 | ns8 = 1 | ns9 = 1 | ns10 = 1 | ns11 = 1 | ns12 = 1 | ns13 = 1 | ns14 = 1 | ns15 = 1 | ns100 = 1 | ns101 = 1 | ns828 = 1 | ns829 = 1 }} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae interviciales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae Vicidatorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 0errem2nxi62f1wikyvukahtem1nynw 3993193 3993189 2026-10-06T14:38:37Z Grufo 64423 /* De argumentis */ 3993193 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Substitutio quae suam transclusionem protrahit | 1 = ... | formula = pcc | seu 1 = pcc | seu 2 = pagina creanda creatave | seu 3 = pagina creanda | seu 4 = nexus intervicialis | seu 5 = niv }} {{Formula transitoria}} {{Compendia substitutionis|pcc|niv|pagina creanda}} {{Lua|Modulus:Params|Modulus:Redirection|Modulus:Vicidata}} In Vicipaedia, omnes nexus rubri in pagina speciali [[Specialis:Paginae desideratae|paginarum desideratarum]] numerantur, attamen quomodo tales paginae ad paginas aliis linguis annectantur ignorabitur; haec [[Auxilium:Substitutio|substitutio]] intercedit ut nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus indicentur. {{Nota bene}} Non tibi licet substitutionem {{fsn|pcc}} in notis <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> inserere; ut hoc facias, utere substitutione {{fsn|cref}}. == De usu == ; Syntaxis 1 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> ; Syntaxis 2 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> === Exempla === Si pagina nondum exsistit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * Si nomen Latinum paginae idem est ac nomen '''omnibus''' aliis linguis '''a te praebitis''', nomen Latinum sufficet: ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS||en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si pagina iam exsitit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|abcd efgh ijkl]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque iam est pagina Latina quae ad Vicidata nectit sed titulus Latinus praebitus differt, pagina intervicialis praevalebit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Marcus Tullius Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque titulus Latinus iam exsistit sed nexus ad Vicidata praebitum abest aut aliud indicat, [[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|signum quoddam]] ostendetur atque pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis]] numerabitur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si, quum demum pagina Latina creabitur, verbis ostentis novum nomen sequendum erit, scribe notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in secundo argumento. Formula memorabit utrum littera initialis primi argumenti esset maiuscula an minuscula: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est in indicibus quales paginae discretivae, indices nexuum internorum, et cetera. {{Nota bene}} Cave ne notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in corpore textūs extra indices inseras, nam saepe titulis sunt notae parenthesis in textu non ostendendae. {{Ast}} Argumenta {{para|d}} et {{para|qid}} in hoc tantum differunt, quod argumentum {{para|d}} in pagina ostendetur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si e paginis intervicialibus praebitis nullum argumentum {{para|qid}} deduci potest, pagina nectens in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]] numerabitur. {{Ast}} Si nulla alia pagina intervicialis nectitur, monitus “nexus intervicialis desideratur” ostenditur et pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]] numeratur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est quotienscumque nexus rubrus obscurus invenitur. == De vetere formula {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} vertenda == Si pagina formulam {{fn|creanda}} iam adhibet et ad hanc substitutionem convertenda est, substitue formulam {{Fsn|creanda}} in eius locum. Exempli gratia: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> Si omnia manu vertere vis, tantummodo substitue partes vicitextūs his exemplis acclaratas: * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>=</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#124;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#61;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#61;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> === Expressiones regulares ad veterem formulam vertendam === {{Folium flexibile | exordium = collapsum | praeambulum = Ad versionem veteris formulae accelerandam, nonnullae {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|expressio regularis|expressiones regulares|en|qid=Q185612}} adhiberi possunt. | corpus = ; Expressio regularis (formulā {{fn|Creanda}} dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2&#124;\3\4&#125;&#125;</code> ; Expressio regularis (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2\3&#61;\4&#124;\5\6&#125;&#125;</code> }} == De argumentis == {{De formula adhibenda | summarium = Haec substitutio nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus ostendit. | forma = horizontalis | titulus 1 = Titulus | descriptio 1 = Titulus paginae creandae | forma 1 = textualis | praesentia 1 = necessaria | exemplum 1 = LARES (satelles) | titulus 2 = Verba ostendenda | descriptio 2 = Verba in nexu ostendenda | forma 2 = vicitextualis | praesentia 2 = voluntaria | omissio 2 = <nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki> | exemplum 2 = LARES satellitem | titulus 3 = Lingua 1 | descriptio 3 = Tessera linguae 1 | forma 3 = textualis | praesentia 3 = voluntaria | exemplum 3 = it | titulus 4 = Lingua 2 | descriptio 4 = Tessera linguae 2 | forma 4 = textualis | praesentia 4 = voluntaria | exemplum 4 = en | titulus 5 = Lingua 3 | descriptio 5 = Tessera linguae 3 | forma 5 = textualis | praesentia 5 = voluntaria | exemplum 5 = fr | titulus 6 = Lingua 4 | descriptio 6 = Et cetera... | forma 6 = textualis | praesentia 6 = voluntaria | exemplum 6 = de | nomen 100 = qid | titulus 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | descriptio 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | forma 100 = textualis | praesentia 100 = voluntaria | exemplum 100 = Q427370 | nomen 101 = d | titulus 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum | descriptio 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum conspicua | forma 101 = textualis | praesentia 101 = voluntaria | exemplum 101 = Q427370 | nomen 102 = it | titulus 102 = Italice | descriptio 102 = Nomen paginae Italicae | forma 102 = textualis | praesentia 102 = voluntaria | exemplum 102 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 103 = en | titulus 103 = Anglice | descriptio 103 = Nomen paginae Anglicae | forma 103 = textualis | praesentia 103 = voluntaria | exemplum 103 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 104 = fr | titulus 104 = Francogallice | descriptio 104 = Nomen paginae Francogallicae | forma 104 = textualis | praesentia 104 = voluntaria | exemplum 104 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 105 = de | titulus 105 = Theodisce | descriptio 105 = Nomen paginae Theodiscae | forma 105 = textualis | praesentia 105 = voluntaria | exemplum 105 = LARES (Satellit) }} == Subformulae machinariae == * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/bivium}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus}}&#125;&#125; == Synonyma == * {{Fsn|pagina creanda creatave}} * {{Fsn|pagina creanda}} * {{Fsn|nexus intervicialis}} * {{Fsn|niv}} * {{Fsn|pcc}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales absentes nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # caduciter }} * {{Fsn|Annotatio cum paginis creandis}} * {{Fn|Nexus obscurus}} * {{Fn|Convertimus}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creetur}} * {{Fn|Creetur caput}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creanda}} – formula obsoleta ** {{Nexus cum parametris | 1 = Specialis:Quaerere | 2 = Paginae quae formulam &#123;&#123;Creanda&#125;&#125; adhuc adhibent | sort = last_edit_desc | search = insource:/\{\{\s*creanda\s*\{{!}}/i | profile = advanced | fulltext = 1 | limit = 500 | ns0 = 1 | ns1 = 1 | ns2 = 1 | ns3 = 1 | ns4 = 1 | ns5 = 1 | ns6 = 1 | ns7 = 1 | ns8 = 1 | ns9 = 1 | ns10 = 1 | ns11 = 1 | ns12 = 1 | ns13 = 1 | ns14 = 1 | ns15 = 1 | ns100 = 1 | ns101 = 1 | ns828 = 1 | ns829 = 1 }} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae interviciales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae Vicidatorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> tbfxgtytyqsru4vnv4klextk868euid 3993197 3993193 2026-10-06T14:51:09Z Grufo 64423 /* De argumentis */ “{{[[Formula:De formula adhibenda|De formula adhibenda]]}}” → “{{[[Formula:De formula adhibenda|subst:De formula adhibenda]]}}” 3993197 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Substitutio quae suam transclusionem protrahit | 1 = ... | formula = pcc | seu 1 = pcc | seu 2 = pagina creanda creatave | seu 3 = pagina creanda | seu 4 = nexus intervicialis | seu 5 = niv }} {{Formula transitoria}} {{Compendia substitutionis|pcc|niv|pagina creanda}} {{Lua|Modulus:Params|Modulus:Redirection|Modulus:Vicidata}} In Vicipaedia, omnes nexus rubri in pagina speciali [[Specialis:Paginae desideratae|paginarum desideratarum]] numerantur, attamen quomodo tales paginae ad paginas aliis linguis annectantur ignorabitur; haec [[Auxilium:Substitutio|substitutio]] intercedit ut nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus indicentur. {{Nota bene}} Non tibi licet substitutionem {{fsn|pcc}} in notis <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> inserere; ut hoc facias, utere substitutione {{fsn|cref}}. == De usu == ; Syntaxis 1 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> ; Syntaxis 2 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> === Exempla === Si pagina nondum exsistit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * Si nomen Latinum paginae idem est ac nomen '''omnibus''' aliis linguis '''a te praebitis''', nomen Latinum sufficet: ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS||en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si pagina iam exsitit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|abcd efgh ijkl]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque iam est pagina Latina quae ad Vicidata nectit sed titulus Latinus praebitus differt, pagina intervicialis praevalebit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Marcus Tullius Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque titulus Latinus iam exsistit sed nexus ad Vicidata praebitum abest aut aliud indicat, [[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|signum quoddam]] ostendetur atque pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis]] numerabitur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si, quum demum pagina Latina creabitur, verbis ostentis novum nomen sequendum erit, scribe notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in secundo argumento. Formula memorabit utrum littera initialis primi argumenti esset maiuscula an minuscula: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est in indicibus quales paginae discretivae, indices nexuum internorum, et cetera. {{Nota bene}} Cave ne notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in corpore textūs extra indices inseras, nam saepe titulis sunt notae parenthesis in textu non ostendendae. {{Ast}} Argumenta {{para|d}} et {{para|qid}} in hoc tantum differunt, quod argumentum {{para|d}} in pagina ostendetur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si e paginis intervicialibus praebitis nullum argumentum {{para|qid}} deduci potest, pagina nectens in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]] numerabitur. {{Ast}} Si nulla alia pagina intervicialis nectitur, monitus “nexus intervicialis desideratur” ostenditur et pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]] numeratur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est quotienscumque nexus rubrus obscurus invenitur. == De vetere formula {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} vertenda == Si pagina formulam {{fn|creanda}} iam adhibet et ad hanc substitutionem convertenda est, substitue formulam {{Fsn|creanda}} in eius locum. Exempli gratia: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> Si omnia manu vertere vis, tantummodo substitue partes vicitextūs his exemplis acclaratas: * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>=</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#124;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#61;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#61;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> === Expressiones regulares ad veterem formulam vertendam === {{Folium flexibile | exordium = collapsum | praeambulum = Ad versionem veteris formulae accelerandam, nonnullae {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|expressio regularis|expressiones regulares|en|qid=Q185612}} adhiberi possunt. | corpus = ; Expressio regularis (formulā {{fn|Creanda}} dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2&#124;\3\4&#125;&#125;</code> ; Expressio regularis (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2\3&#61;\4&#124;\5\6&#125;&#125;</code> }} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec substitutio nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus ostendit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Titulus", "description": "Titulus paginae creandae", "type": "string", "required": true, "example": "LARES (satelles)" }, "2": { "label": "Verba ostendenda", "description": "Verba in nexu ostendenda", "type": "content", "required": false, "default": "{{{1}}}", "example": "LARES satellitem" }, "3": { "label": "Lingua 1", "description": "Tessera linguae 1", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "it" }, "4": { "label": "Lingua 2", "description": "Tessera linguae 2", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "en" }, "5": { "label": "Lingua 3", "description": "Tessera linguae 3", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "fr" }, "6": { "label": "Lingua 4", "description": "Et cetera...", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "de" }, "qid": { "label": "Tessera Vicidatorum", "description": "Tessera Vicidatorum", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "Q427370" }, "d": { "label": "Tessera Vicidatorum", "description": "Tessera Vicidatorum conspicua", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "Q427370" }, "it": { "label": "Italice", "description": "Nomen paginae Italicae", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "LARES (satellite)" }, "en": { "label": "Anglice", "description": "Nomen paginae Anglicae", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "LARES (satellite)" }, "fr": { "label": "Francogallice", "description": "Nomen paginae Francogallicae", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "LARES (satellite)" }, "de": { "label": "Theodisce", "description": "Nomen paginae Theodiscae", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "LARES (Satellit)" } } }</templatedata> == Subformulae machinariae == * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/bivium}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus}}&#125;&#125; == Synonyma == * {{Fsn|pagina creanda creatave}} * {{Fsn|pagina creanda}} * {{Fsn|nexus intervicialis}} * {{Fsn|niv}} * {{Fsn|pcc}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales absentes nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # caduciter }} * {{Fsn|Annotatio cum paginis creandis}} * {{Fn|Nexus obscurus}} * {{Fn|Convertimus}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creetur}} * {{Fn|Creetur caput}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creanda}} – formula obsoleta ** {{Nexus cum parametris | 1 = Specialis:Quaerere | 2 = Paginae quae formulam &#123;&#123;Creanda&#125;&#125; adhuc adhibent | sort = last_edit_desc | search = insource:/\{\{\s*creanda\s*\{{!}}/i | profile = advanced | fulltext = 1 | limit = 500 | ns0 = 1 | ns1 = 1 | ns2 = 1 | ns3 = 1 | ns4 = 1 | ns5 = 1 | ns6 = 1 | ns7 = 1 | ns8 = 1 | ns9 = 1 | ns10 = 1 | ns11 = 1 | ns12 = 1 | ns13 = 1 | ns14 = 1 | ns15 = 1 | ns100 = 1 | ns101 = 1 | ns828 = 1 | ns829 = 1 }} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae interviciales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae Vicidatorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> totwdknatdm3ucjkrhsrrwepkl9hz2b 3993200 3993197 2026-10-06T14:53:38Z Grufo 64423 Ad priorem recensionem reversus sum 3993200 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Substitutio quae suam transclusionem protrahit | 1 = ... | formula = pcc | seu 1 = pcc | seu 2 = pagina creanda creatave | seu 3 = pagina creanda | seu 4 = nexus intervicialis | seu 5 = niv }} {{Formula transitoria}} {{Compendia substitutionis|pcc|niv|pagina creanda}} {{Lua|Modulus:Params|Modulus:Redirection|Modulus:Vicidata}} In Vicipaedia, omnes nexus rubri in pagina speciali [[Specialis:Paginae desideratae|paginarum desideratarum]] numerantur, attamen quomodo tales paginae ad paginas aliis linguis annectantur ignorabitur; haec [[Auxilium:Substitutio|substitutio]] intercedit ut nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus indicentur. {{Nota bene}} Non tibi licet substitutionem {{fsn|pcc}} in notis <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> inserere; ut hoc facias, utere substitutione {{fsn|cref}}. == De usu == ; Syntaxis 1 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> ; Syntaxis 2 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> === Exempla === Si pagina nondum exsistit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * Si nomen Latinum paginae idem est ac nomen '''omnibus''' aliis linguis '''a te praebitis''', nomen Latinum sufficet: ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS||en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si pagina iam exsitit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|abcd efgh ijkl]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque iam est pagina Latina quae ad Vicidata nectit sed titulus Latinus praebitus differt, pagina intervicialis praevalebit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Marcus Tullius Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque titulus Latinus iam exsistit sed nexus ad Vicidata praebitum abest aut aliud indicat, [[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|signum quoddam]] ostendetur atque pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis]] numerabitur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si, quum demum pagina Latina creabitur, verbis ostentis novum nomen sequendum erit, scribe notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in secundo argumento. Formula memorabit utrum littera initialis primi argumenti esset maiuscula an minuscula: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est in indicibus quales paginae discretivae, indices nexuum internorum, et cetera. {{Nota bene}} Cave ne notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in corpore textūs extra indices inseras, nam saepe titulis sunt notae parenthesis in textu non ostendendae. {{Ast}} Argumenta {{para|d}} et {{para|qid}} in hoc tantum differunt, quod argumentum {{para|d}} in pagina ostendetur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si e paginis intervicialibus praebitis nullum argumentum {{para|qid}} deduci potest, pagina nectens in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]] numerabitur. {{Ast}} Si nulla alia pagina intervicialis nectitur, monitus “nexus intervicialis desideratur” ostenditur et pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]] numeratur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est quotienscumque nexus rubrus obscurus invenitur. == De vetere formula {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} vertenda == Si pagina formulam {{fn|creanda}} iam adhibet et ad hanc substitutionem convertenda est, substitue formulam {{Fsn|creanda}} in eius locum. Exempli gratia: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> Si omnia manu vertere vis, tantummodo substitue partes vicitextūs his exemplis acclaratas: * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>=</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#124;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#61;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#61;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> === Expressiones regulares ad veterem formulam vertendam === {{Folium flexibile | exordium = collapsum | praeambulum = Ad versionem veteris formulae accelerandam, nonnullae {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|expressio regularis|expressiones regulares|en|qid=Q185612}} adhiberi possunt. | corpus = ; Expressio regularis (formulā {{fn|Creanda}} dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2&#124;\3\4&#125;&#125;</code> ; Expressio regularis (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2\3&#61;\4&#124;\5\6&#125;&#125;</code> }} == De argumentis == {{De formula adhibenda | summarium = Haec substitutio nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus ostendit. | forma = horizontalis | titulus 1 = Titulus | descriptio 1 = Titulus paginae creandae | forma 1 = textualis | praesentia 1 = necessaria | exemplum 1 = LARES (satelles) | titulus 2 = Verba ostendenda | descriptio 2 = Verba in nexu ostendenda | forma 2 = vicitextualis | praesentia 2 = voluntaria | omissio 2 = <nowiki>{{{1}}}</nowiki> | exemplum 2 = LARES satellitem | titulus 3 = Lingua 1 | descriptio 3 = Tessera linguae 1 | forma 3 = textualis | praesentia 3 = voluntaria | exemplum 3 = it | titulus 4 = Lingua 2 | descriptio 4 = Tessera linguae 2 | forma 4 = textualis | praesentia 4 = voluntaria | exemplum 4 = en | titulus 5 = Lingua 3 | descriptio 5 = Tessera linguae 3 | forma 5 = textualis | praesentia 5 = voluntaria | exemplum 5 = fr | titulus 6 = Lingua 4 | descriptio 6 = Et cetera... | forma 6 = textualis | praesentia 6 = voluntaria | exemplum 6 = de | nomen 100 = qid | titulus 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | descriptio 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | forma 100 = textualis | praesentia 100 = voluntaria | exemplum 100 = Q427370 | nomen 101 = d | titulus 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum | descriptio 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum conspicua | forma 101 = textualis | praesentia 101 = voluntaria | exemplum 101 = Q427370 | nomen 102 = it | titulus 102 = Italice | descriptio 102 = Nomen paginae Italicae | forma 102 = textualis | praesentia 102 = voluntaria | exemplum 102 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 103 = en | titulus 103 = Anglice | descriptio 103 = Nomen paginae Anglicae | forma 103 = textualis | praesentia 103 = voluntaria | exemplum 103 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 104 = fr | titulus 104 = Francogallice | descriptio 104 = Nomen paginae Francogallicae | forma 104 = textualis | praesentia 104 = voluntaria | exemplum 104 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 105 = de | titulus 105 = Theodisce | descriptio 105 = Nomen paginae Theodiscae | forma 105 = textualis | praesentia 105 = voluntaria | exemplum 105 = LARES (Satellit) }} == Subformulae machinariae == * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/bivium}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus}}&#125;&#125; == Synonyma == * {{Fsn|pagina creanda creatave}} * {{Fsn|pagina creanda}} * {{Fsn|nexus intervicialis}} * {{Fsn|niv}} * {{Fsn|pcc}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales absentes nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # caduciter }} * {{Fsn|Annotatio cum paginis creandis}} * {{Fn|Nexus obscurus}} * {{Fn|Convertimus}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creetur}} * {{Fn|Creetur caput}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creanda}} – formula obsoleta ** {{Nexus cum parametris | 1 = Specialis:Quaerere | 2 = Paginae quae formulam &#123;&#123;Creanda&#125;&#125; adhuc adhibent | sort = last_edit_desc | search = insource:/\{\{\s*creanda\s*\{{!}}/i | profile = advanced | fulltext = 1 | limit = 500 | ns0 = 1 | ns1 = 1 | ns2 = 1 | ns3 = 1 | ns4 = 1 | ns5 = 1 | ns6 = 1 | ns7 = 1 | ns8 = 1 | ns9 = 1 | ns10 = 1 | ns11 = 1 | ns12 = 1 | ns13 = 1 | ns14 = 1 | ns15 = 1 | ns100 = 1 | ns101 = 1 | ns828 = 1 | ns829 = 1 }} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae interviciales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae Vicidatorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> tbfxgtytyqsru4vnv4klextk868euid 3993201 3993200 2026-10-06T14:55:28Z Grufo 64423 /* De argumentis */ 3993201 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Substitutio quae suam transclusionem protrahit | 1 = ... | formula = pcc | seu 1 = pcc | seu 2 = pagina creanda creatave | seu 3 = pagina creanda | seu 4 = nexus intervicialis | seu 5 = niv }} {{Formula transitoria}} {{Compendia substitutionis|pcc|niv|pagina creanda}} {{Lua|Modulus:Params|Modulus:Redirection|Modulus:Vicidata}} In Vicipaedia, omnes nexus rubri in pagina speciali [[Specialis:Paginae desideratae|paginarum desideratarum]] numerantur, attamen quomodo tales paginae ad paginas aliis linguis annectantur ignorabitur; haec [[Auxilium:Substitutio|substitutio]] intercedit ut nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus indicentur. {{Nota bene}} Non tibi licet substitutionem {{fsn|pcc}} in notis <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> inserere; ut hoc facias, utere substitutione {{fsn|cref}}. == De usu == ; Syntaxis 1 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> ; Syntaxis 2 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> === Exempla === Si pagina nondum exsistit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * Si nomen Latinum paginae idem est ac nomen '''omnibus''' aliis linguis '''a te praebitis''', nomen Latinum sufficet: ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS||en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si pagina iam exsitit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|abcd efgh ijkl]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque iam est pagina Latina quae ad Vicidata nectit sed titulus Latinus praebitus differt, pagina intervicialis praevalebit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Marcus Tullius Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque titulus Latinus iam exsistit sed nexus ad Vicidata praebitum abest aut aliud indicat, [[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|signum quoddam]] ostendetur atque pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis]] numerabitur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si, quum demum pagina Latina creabitur, verbis ostentis novum nomen sequendum erit, scribe notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in secundo argumento. Formula memorabit utrum littera initialis primi argumenti esset maiuscula an minuscula: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est in indicibus quales paginae discretivae, indices nexuum internorum, et cetera. {{Nota bene}} Cave ne notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in corpore textūs extra indices inseras, nam saepe titulis sunt notae parenthesis in textu non ostendendae. {{Ast}} Argumenta {{para|d}} et {{para|qid}} in hoc tantum differunt, quod argumentum {{para|d}} in pagina ostendetur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si e paginis intervicialibus praebitis nullum argumentum {{para|qid}} deduci potest, pagina nectens in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]] numerabitur. {{Ast}} Si nulla alia pagina intervicialis nectitur, monitus “nexus intervicialis desideratur” ostenditur et pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]] numeratur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est quotienscumque nexus rubrus obscurus invenitur. == De vetere formula {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} vertenda == Si pagina formulam {{fn|creanda}} iam adhibet et ad hanc substitutionem convertenda est, substitue formulam {{Fsn|creanda}} in eius locum. Exempli gratia: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> Si omnia manu vertere vis, tantummodo substitue partes vicitextūs his exemplis acclaratas: * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>=</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#124;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#61;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#61;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> === Expressiones regulares ad veterem formulam vertendam === {{Folium flexibile | exordium = collapsum | praeambulum = Ad versionem veteris formulae accelerandam, nonnullae {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|expressio regularis|expressiones regulares|en|qid=Q185612}} adhiberi possunt. | corpus = ; Expressio regularis (formulā {{fn|Creanda}} dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2&#124;\3\4&#125;&#125;</code> ; Expressio regularis (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2\3&#61;\4&#124;\5\6&#125;&#125;</code> }} == De argumentis == {{De formula adhibenda | summarium = Haec substitutio nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus ostendit. | forma = horizontalis | titulus 1 = Titulus | descriptio 1 = Titulus paginae creandae | forma 1 = textualis | praesentia 1 = necessaria | exemplum 1 = LARES (satelles) | titulus 2 = Verba ostendenda | descriptio 2 = Verba in nexu ostendenda | forma 2 = vicitextualis | praesentia 2 = voluntaria | omissio 2 = {{Mora parametri|1}} | exemplum 2 = LARES satellitem | titulus 3 = Lingua 1 | descriptio 3 = Tessera linguae 1 | forma 3 = textualis | praesentia 3 = voluntaria | exemplum 3 = it | titulus 4 = Lingua 2 | descriptio 4 = Tessera linguae 2 | forma 4 = textualis | praesentia 4 = voluntaria | exemplum 4 = en | titulus 5 = Lingua 3 | descriptio 5 = Tessera linguae 3 | forma 5 = textualis | praesentia 5 = voluntaria | exemplum 5 = fr | titulus 6 = Lingua 4 | descriptio 6 = Et cetera... | forma 6 = textualis | praesentia 6 = voluntaria | exemplum 6 = de | nomen 100 = qid | titulus 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | descriptio 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | forma 100 = textualis | praesentia 100 = voluntaria | exemplum 100 = Q427370 | nomen 101 = d | titulus 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum | descriptio 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum conspicua | forma 101 = textualis | praesentia 101 = voluntaria | exemplum 101 = Q427370 | nomen 102 = it | titulus 102 = Italice | descriptio 102 = Nomen paginae Italicae | forma 102 = textualis | praesentia 102 = voluntaria | exemplum 102 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 103 = en | titulus 103 = Anglice | descriptio 103 = Nomen paginae Anglicae | forma 103 = textualis | praesentia 103 = voluntaria | exemplum 103 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 104 = fr | titulus 104 = Francogallice | descriptio 104 = Nomen paginae Francogallicae | forma 104 = textualis | praesentia 104 = voluntaria | exemplum 104 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 105 = de | titulus 105 = Theodisce | descriptio 105 = Nomen paginae Theodiscae | forma 105 = textualis | praesentia 105 = voluntaria | exemplum 105 = LARES (Satellit) }} == Subformulae machinariae == * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/bivium}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus}}&#125;&#125; == Synonyma == * {{Fsn|pagina creanda creatave}} * {{Fsn|pagina creanda}} * {{Fsn|nexus intervicialis}} * {{Fsn|niv}} * {{Fsn|pcc}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales absentes nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # caduciter }} * {{Fsn|Annotatio cum paginis creandis}} * {{Fn|Nexus obscurus}} * {{Fn|Convertimus}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creetur}} * {{Fn|Creetur caput}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creanda}} – formula obsoleta ** {{Nexus cum parametris | 1 = Specialis:Quaerere | 2 = Paginae quae formulam &#123;&#123;Creanda&#125;&#125; adhuc adhibent | sort = last_edit_desc | search = insource:/\{\{\s*creanda\s*\{{!}}/i | profile = advanced | fulltext = 1 | limit = 500 | ns0 = 1 | ns1 = 1 | ns2 = 1 | ns3 = 1 | ns4 = 1 | ns5 = 1 | ns6 = 1 | ns7 = 1 | ns8 = 1 | ns9 = 1 | ns10 = 1 | ns11 = 1 | ns12 = 1 | ns13 = 1 | ns14 = 1 | ns15 = 1 | ns100 = 1 | ns101 = 1 | ns828 = 1 | ns829 = 1 }} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae interviciales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae Vicidatorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> qtcpyw8jtqcbvndwmjokjj219fkeg42 3993204 3993201 2026-10-06T14:57:00Z Grufo 64423 /* De argumentis */ 3993204 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Substitutio quae suam transclusionem protrahit | 1 = ... | formula = pcc | seu 1 = pcc | seu 2 = pagina creanda creatave | seu 3 = pagina creanda | seu 4 = nexus intervicialis | seu 5 = niv }} {{Formula transitoria}} {{Compendia substitutionis|pcc|niv|pagina creanda}} {{Lua|Modulus:Params|Modulus:Redirection|Modulus:Vicidata}} In Vicipaedia, omnes nexus rubri in pagina speciali [[Specialis:Paginae desideratae|paginarum desideratarum]] numerantur, attamen quomodo tales paginae ad paginas aliis linguis annectantur ignorabitur; haec [[Auxilium:Substitutio|substitutio]] intercedit ut nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus indicentur. {{Nota bene}} Non tibi licet substitutionem {{fsn|pcc}} in notis <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><ref>...</ref></syntaxhighlight> inserere; ut hoc facias, utere substitutione {{fsn|cref}}. == De usu == ; Syntaxis 1 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;tessera linguae=''pagina barbara''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#125;&#125;</code> ; Syntaxis 2 : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> : vel : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:'''pcc'''&#124;''nomen paginae Latinae''&#124;''&#91;verba ostenta&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 1&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae 2&#93;''&#124;''&#91;...&#93;''&#124;''&#91;tessera linguae N&#93;''&#124;qid=''entitas Vicidatorum''&#125;&#125;</code> === Exempla === Si pagina nondum exsistit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)||en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|it|fr|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|it|fr|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * Si nomen Latinum paginae idem est ac nomen '''omnibus''' aliis linguis '''a te praebitis''', nomen Latinum sufficet: ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS|LAGEOS satelliti|en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> ** <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LAGEOS||en}}</syntaxhighlight> **: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|propositum=exhibitio}} **:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LAGEOS||en|qid=Q1797842}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si pagina iam exsitit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|Spatii temporisque tractione|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Spatii temporisque tractione]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|abcd efgh ijkl|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|abcd efgh ijkl]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque iam est pagina Latina quae ad Vicidata nectit sed titulus Latinus praebitus differt, pagina intervicialis praevalebit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Marcus Tullius Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=Frame-dragging|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Spatii temporisque tractio|Cicero]]</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Quotienscumque titulus Latinus iam exsistit sed nexus ad Vicidata praebitum abest aut aliud indicat, [[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda|signum quoddam]] ostendetur atque pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis]] numerabitur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en=LARES (satellite)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Marcus Tullius Cicero|Cicero|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si, quum demum pagina Latina creabitur, verbis ostentis novum nomen sequendum erit, scribe notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in secundo argumento. Formula memorabit utrum littera initialis primi argumenti esset maiuscula an minuscula: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|bibliotheca computatralis|<>|en=Library (computing)|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[bibliotheca (informatica)]]</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est in indicibus quales paginae discretivae, indices nexuum internorum, et cetera. {{Nota bene}} Cave ne notam <code>&lt;&gt;</code> in corpore textūs extra indices inseras, nam saepe titulis sunt notae parenthesis in textu non ostendendae. {{Ast}} Argumenta {{para|d}} et {{para|qid}} in hoc tantum differunt, quod argumentum {{para|d}} in pagina ostendetur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|en|d|qid=Q427370}}</syntaxhighlight> {{Ast}} Si e paginis intervicialibus praebitis nullum argumentum {{para|qid}} deduci potest, pagina nectens in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur]] numerabitur. {{Ast}} Si nulla alia pagina intervicialis nectitur, monitus “nexus intervicialis desideratur” ostenditur et pagina in [[:Categoria:Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent]] numeratur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:pcc|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES|propositum=exhibitio}} *:: ↳ (Vicitextus divulgatus:) <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|LARES (satelles)|LARES}}</syntaxhighlight> Hoc perutile est quotienscumque nexus rubrus obscurus invenitur. == De vetere formula {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} vertenda == Si pagina formulam {{fn|creanda}} iam adhibet et ad hanc substitutionem convertenda est, substitue formulam {{Fsn|creanda}} in eius locum. Exempli gratia: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Direction (geometry)|directio}}</syntaxhighlight> * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:creanda|en|Skater|d|Q1259045|Pattinator|pattinatricem}}</syntaxhighlight> Si omnia manu vertere vis, tantummodo substitue partes vicitextūs his exemplis acclaratas: * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>=</mark>Giant Magellan Telescope&#124;Ingens Telescopium Magellanicum&#125;&#125;</code> * <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>creanda</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#124;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#124;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> *: ↳ <code>&#123;&#123;<mark>subst:pcc</mark>&#124;en<mark>&#61;</mark>Direction (geometry)&#124;d<mark>&#61;</mark>Q2151613&#124;directio&#124;directionem&#125;&#125;</code> === Expressiones regulares ad veterem formulam vertendam === {{Folium flexibile | exordium = collapsum | praeambulum = Ad versionem veteris formulae accelerandam, nonnullae {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|expressio regularis|expressiones regulares|en|qid=Q185612}} adhiberi possunt. | corpus = ; Expressio regularis (formulā {{fn|Creanda}} dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum lingua una): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2&#124;\3\4&#125;&#125;</code> ; Expressio regularis (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>\&#123;\&#123;\s*Creanda\s*(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;[^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+)(\&#124;([^\&#124;\&#125;]+))?\&#125;\&#125;</code> ; Substitutio (dumtaxat cum linguis duabus): : <code>&#123;&#123;subst:pcc\1&#61;\2\3&#61;\4&#124;\5\6&#125;&#125;</code> }} == De argumentis == {{De formula adhibenda | summarium = Haec substitutio nexus interviciales de paginis absentibus ostendit. | forma = horizontalis | titulus 1 = Titulus Latinus | descriptio 1 = Titulus Latinus paginae creandae | forma 1 = textualis | praesentia 1 = necessaria | exemplum 1 = LARES (satelles) | titulus 2 = Verba ostendenda | descriptio 2 = Verba in nexu ostendenda | forma 2 = vicitextualis | praesentia 2 = voluntaria | omissio 2 = {{Mora parametri|1}} | exemplum 2 = LARES satellitem | titulus 3 = Lingua 1 | descriptio 3 = Tessera linguae 1 | forma 3 = textualis | praesentia 3 = voluntaria | exemplum 3 = it | titulus 4 = Lingua 2 | descriptio 4 = Tessera linguae 2 | forma 4 = textualis | praesentia 4 = voluntaria | exemplum 4 = en | titulus 5 = Lingua 3 | descriptio 5 = Tessera linguae 3 | forma 5 = textualis | praesentia 5 = voluntaria | exemplum 5 = fr | titulus 6 = Lingua 4 | descriptio 6 = Et cetera... | forma 6 = textualis | praesentia 6 = voluntaria | exemplum 6 = de | nomen 100 = qid | titulus 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | descriptio 100 = Tessera Vicidatorum | forma 100 = textualis | praesentia 100 = voluntaria | exemplum 100 = Q427370 | nomen 101 = d | titulus 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum conspicua | descriptio 101 = Tessera Vicidatorum conspicua | forma 101 = textualis | praesentia 101 = voluntaria | exemplum 101 = Q427370 | nomen 102 = it | titulus 102 = Italice | descriptio 102 = Nomen paginae Italicae | forma 102 = textualis | praesentia 102 = voluntaria | exemplum 102 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 103 = en | titulus 103 = Anglice | descriptio 103 = Nomen paginae Anglicae | forma 103 = textualis | praesentia 103 = voluntaria | exemplum 103 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 104 = fr | titulus 104 = Francogallice | descriptio 104 = Nomen paginae Francogallicae | forma 104 = textualis | praesentia 104 = voluntaria | exemplum 104 = LARES (satellite) | nomen 105 = de | titulus 105 = Theodisce | descriptio 105 = Nomen paginae Theodiscae | forma 105 = textualis | praesentia 105 = voluntaria | exemplum 105 = LARES (Satellit) }} == Subformulae machinariae == * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/bivium}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/legatio}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nectenda}}&#125;&#125; * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve/nexus}}&#125;&#125; == Synonyma == * {{Fsn|pagina creanda creatave}} * {{Fsn|pagina creanda}} * {{Fsn|nexus intervicialis}} * {{Fsn|niv}} * {{Fsn|pcc}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | Paginae cum nexibus ad Vicidata nectendis # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales absentes nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae ad paginas interviciales sine Vicidatis nectuntur # infeliciter | Paginae quae nexus internos obscuros exhibent # infeliciter | Paginae quae recensionem vacuam exspectant # caduciter }} * {{Fsn|Annotatio cum paginis creandis}} * {{Fn|Nexus obscurus}} * {{Fn|Convertimus}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creetur}} * {{Fn|Creetur caput}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad recensendum}} * {{Fn|Creanda}} – formula obsoleta ** {{Nexus cum parametris | 1 = Specialis:Quaerere | 2 = Paginae quae formulam &#123;&#123;Creanda&#125;&#125; adhuc adhibent | sort = last_edit_desc | search = insource:/\{\{\s*creanda\s*\{{!}}/i | profile = advanced | fulltext = 1 | limit = 500 | ns0 = 1 | ns1 = 1 | ns2 = 1 | ns3 = 1 | ns4 = 1 | ns5 = 1 | ns6 = 1 | ns7 = 1 | ns8 = 1 | ns9 = 1 | ns10 = 1 | ns11 = 1 | ns12 = 1 | ns13 = 1 | ns14 = 1 | ns15 = 1 | ns100 = 1 | ns101 = 1 | ns828 = 1 | ns829 = 1 }} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae variadicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae interviciales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae Vicidatorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 2ryzi65moahmxg26vlkypgxkgofj8sr Letabundus rediit 0 324482 3993315 3986147 2026-10-07T04:13:50Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3993315 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus ad litteram}} {{Pagina principalis|Index Carminum Buranorum}} {{Carmen Carminum Buranorum | titulus = | imago = | descriptio = | categoria = | numerus = | auctor = | argumenta = | tempus = | lingua = | contextus = | praecedens = | sequens = }} {{lres|Letabundus rediit}} est initium [[carmen|carminis]] a [[Goliardus|discipulis vagantibus]] [[Latinitas medii aevi|Latine]] scripti , quod in codice [[Carmina Burana|Carminum Buranorum]] sub numero LXXIV reperitur.<ref name="Carminamatoria71-87">{{Opus | titulus = Carmina amatoria 71–87 | url = https://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost13/CarminaBurana/bur_cam2.html }}.</ref> == Textus == {{Versus numerati| {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|1.}}Letabundus rediit [[avis|avium]] concentus, ver iocundum prodiit; gaudeat [[iuventus]], nova ferens gaudia! modo vernant omnia; [[Phoebus|Phebus]] serenatur; redolens temperiem novo [[flos|flore]] faciem Flora renovatur. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|2.}}Risu Iovis pellitur torpor [[hiems|hiemalis]], altius extollitur cursus [[aestas|estivalis]] [[sol]]is, beneficio . . . . . . . . . . recipit teporem. sic ad instar temporis nostri [[Venus (dea)|Venus]] pectoris reficit ardorem. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|3.}}Estum vitant Dryades colle sub umbroso; prodeunt {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Oreades||en|qid=Q242663}} cetu glorioso; [[Satyri|Satyrorum]] contio psallit cum tripudio Tempe per amena; his alludens concinit, cum iocundi meminit [[ver]]is, philomena. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|4.}}Estas ab exilio redit exoptata, picto ridet gremio [[tellus]] purpurata. miti cum susurrio suo domicilio [[gryllus]] delectatur. hoc canoro, iubilo, multiformi sibilo nemus gloriatur. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|5.}}Applaudamus igitur rerum novitati! felix, qui diligitur voti compos grati, dono letus Veneris, cuius ara teneris floribus [[odor]]at. miser e contrario, qui sublato bravio sine [[spes|spe]] laborat.<ref name="Carminamatoria71-87"/> }} == Descriptio == [[Poëma]] ex quinque {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|stropha|strophis|en|qid=Q207804}} constat. Prima parte [[poëta]] reditum avium concentus et veris iucunditatem describit: sol serenior fit et [[Flora (dea)|Flora]], dea florum, terram novis floribus ornat. Secunda strophe [[hiems|hiemis]] torporem risu [[Iuppiter|Iovis]] fugatum esse narrat, dum solis cursus [[aestas|aestivus]] altius attollitur; simili modo [[Venus (dea)|Venus]] in pectoribus hominum ardorem amoris instaurat. Tertia strophe [[nympha]]s—[[Dryades]] et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Oreades||en|qid=Q242663}}—ac [[Satyri|Satyros]] in locis amoenis ([[Tempe (vallis)|Tempe]]) choreas agentes fingit, quibus philomena, id est luscinia, [[ver]]is memor cantu suo concinit. Quarta strophe aestatem diu exspectatam redisse gaudet: tellus floribus variis renidet, grillus domicilio suo delectatur, et nemus vocibus avium variis personat. Ultima strophe, more sententiae moralis, ad res novas amplectendas hortatur: felicem esse eum qui [[amor]]e mutuo fruatur et Veneris dono gaudeat, miserum autem eum qui, praemio amisso, sine spe laboret. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{Ecce citatio | id = Lehtonen, 1995 | c = {{Opus | cognomen = Lehtonen | nomen = Thomas Martinus Samuel | nomenclatura = compendiaria | titulus = Fortuna, Money, and the Sublunar World: Eleventh-century Ethical Thought as a Paradigm for Late Medieval Moral Philosophy | annus = 1995 | lingua = en | locus = [[Helsingia (Finnia)|Helsingiae]] | domus editoria = [[Societas Litterarum Finnicarum]] | isbn = 978-951-717-846-4 }} }} {{Carmina Burana}} [[Categoria:Index Carminum Buranorum]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]] 2971ld7k1osns9ezx1azkjziefboq31 3993316 3993315 2026-10-07T04:14:31Z Grufo 64423 /* Descriptio */ 3993316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus ad litteram}} {{Pagina principalis|Index Carminum Buranorum}} {{Carmen Carminum Buranorum | titulus = | imago = | descriptio = | categoria = | numerus = | auctor = | argumenta = | tempus = | lingua = | contextus = | praecedens = | sequens = }} {{lres|Letabundus rediit}} est initium [[carmen|carminis]] a [[Goliardus|discipulis vagantibus]] [[Latinitas medii aevi|Latine]] scripti , quod in codice [[Carmina Burana|Carminum Buranorum]] sub numero LXXIV reperitur.<ref name="Carminamatoria71-87">{{Opus | titulus = Carmina amatoria 71–87 | url = https://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost13/CarminaBurana/bur_cam2.html }}.</ref> == Textus == {{Versus numerati| {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|1.}}Letabundus rediit [[avis|avium]] concentus, ver iocundum prodiit; gaudeat [[iuventus]], nova ferens gaudia! modo vernant omnia; [[Phoebus|Phebus]] serenatur; redolens temperiem novo [[flos|flore]] faciem Flora renovatur. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|2.}}Risu Iovis pellitur torpor [[hiems|hiemalis]], altius extollitur cursus [[aestas|estivalis]] [[sol]]is, beneficio . . . . . . . . . . recipit teporem. sic ad instar temporis nostri [[Venus (dea)|Venus]] pectoris reficit ardorem. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|3.}}Estum vitant Dryades colle sub umbroso; prodeunt {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Oreades||en|qid=Q242663}} cetu glorioso; [[Satyri|Satyrorum]] contio psallit cum tripudio Tempe per amena; his alludens concinit, cum iocundi meminit [[ver]]is, philomena. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|4.}}Estas ab exilio redit exoptata, picto ridet gremio [[tellus]] purpurata. miti cum susurrio suo domicilio [[gryllus]] delectatur. hoc canoro, iubilo, multiformi sibilo nemus gloriatur. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|5.}}Applaudamus igitur rerum novitati! felix, qui diligitur voti compos grati, dono letus Veneris, cuius ara teneris floribus [[odor]]at. miser e contrario, qui sublato bravio sine [[spes|spe]] laborat.<ref name="Carminamatoria71-87"/> }} == Descriptio == [[Poëma]] ex quinque {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|stropha|strophis|en|qid=Q207804}} constat. Prima parte [[poëta]] reditum avium concentus et [[ver]]is iucunditatem describit: sol serenior fit et [[Flora (dea)|Flora]], dea florum, terram novis floribus ornat. Secunda strophe [[hiems|hiemis]] torporem risu [[Iuppiter|Iovis]] fugatum esse narrat, dum solis cursus [[aestas|aestivus]] altius attollitur; simili modo [[Venus (dea)|Venus]] in pectoribus hominum ardorem amoris instaurat. Tertia strophe [[nympha]]s—[[Dryades]] et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Oreades||en|qid=Q242663}}—ac [[Satyri|Satyros]] in locis amoenis ([[Tempe (vallis)|Tempe]]) choreas agentes fingit, quibus philomena, id est luscinia, veris memor cantu suo concinit. Quarta strophe aestatem diu exspectatam redisse gaudet: tellus floribus variis renidet, grillus domicilio suo delectatur, et nemus vocibus avium variis personat. Ultima strophe, more sententiae moralis, ad res novas amplectendas hortatur: felicem esse eum qui [[amor]]e mutuo fruatur et Veneris dono gaudeat, miserum autem eum qui, praemio amisso, sine spe laboret. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{Ecce citatio | id = Lehtonen, 1995 | c = {{Opus | cognomen = Lehtonen | nomen = Thomas Martinus Samuel | nomenclatura = compendiaria | titulus = Fortuna, Money, and the Sublunar World: Eleventh-century Ethical Thought as a Paradigm for Late Medieval Moral Philosophy | annus = 1995 | lingua = en | locus = [[Helsingia (Finnia)|Helsingiae]] | domus editoria = [[Societas Litterarum Finnicarum]] | isbn = 978-951-717-846-4 }} }} {{Carmina Burana}} [[Categoria:Index Carminum Buranorum]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]] hrqcioh8tu51lb1f2237qmkbdvalens La Bresse 0 324950 3993176 3959424 2026-10-06T13:55:38Z Pippobuono 54500 cives notabiles 3993176 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:La Bresse depuis Bouchaux.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|La Bresse: despectus in urbe cum [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Laurentius|Sancto Laurentio]] dicata.]] {{res|La Bresse}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] {{formatnum:3853}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. == Cives notabiles == * [[Iosephus Perrin]] (1754–1800), praefectus brigadae inter res novas Francicas, qui vulneribus acceptis per obsidionem [[Genua]]e in expeditione Italica mortuus est, hic natus est. * [[Ioannes Nicolaus Truchelut]] (1811-1890), horologiorum faber, inventor, atque postea photographus, hic natus est. * Ludovicus Prosper Claudel (1826–1913), pater scriptoris [[Paulus Claudel|Pauli Claudel]]. * [[Raymundus Perrin]] (1940-), scriptor, praecipue in libris et periodicis iuvenibus destinatis versatus, operum [[Petrus Pelot|Petri Pelot]] et [[Arthurus Rimbaud|Arthuri Rimbaud]] peritus, hic natus est. * [[Gilbertus Poirot]] (1944–2012), athleta saltus nivalis, hic natus est. * [[Ioannes Maria Poirot]] (1945–2015), athleta saltus nivalis, hic natus est. * [[Gerardus Colin]] (1958-), athleta saltus nivalis, hic natus est. * [[Veronica Claudel]] (1966-), athleta quae [[Olympia hiemalia 1992|numisma aureum Olympicum]] in certamine biathli vicario apud [[Oblimum]] et [[Olympia hiemalia 1994|numisma aeneum]] apud [[Lillehammer]] (in [[Norvegia]]) anno 1994 consecuta est, hic nata est. * [[Ioannes Paulus Didierlaurent]] (1962–2021), scriptor, praesertim fabularum, incola huius communis fuit. * [[Igor Cuny]] (1982-), athleta in calceis rotiferis, hic natus est. * [[Titouan Perrin-Ganier]] (1991-), birotarius montanus. * [[Neïlo Perrin-Ganier]] (1996-), birotarius montanus. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|La Bresse|La Bresse}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] 2ixrf48ae9v9jfcgwwqvp43kohb8j59 3993188 3993176 2026-10-06T14:28:43Z Pippobuono 54500 clavis 3993188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:La Bresse depuis Bouchaux.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|La Bresse: despectus in urbe cum [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Laurentius|Sancto Laurentio]] dicata.]] {{res|La Bresse}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] {{formatnum:3853}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. == Cives notabiles == * [[Iosephus Perrin]] (1754–1800), praefectus brigadae inter res novas Francicas, qui vulneribus acceptis per obsidionem [[Genua]]e in expeditione Italica mortuus est, hic natus est. * [[Ioannes Nicolaus Truchelut]] (1811-1890), horologiorum faber, inventor, atque postea photographus, hic natus est. * Ludovicus Prosper Claudel (1826–1913), pater scriptoris [[Paulus Claudel|Pauli Claudel]]. * [[Raymundus Perrin]] (1940-), scriptor, praecipue in libris et periodicis iuvenibus destinatis versatus, operum [[Petrus Pelot|Petri Pelot]] et [[Arthurus Rimbaud|Arthuri Rimbaud]] peritus, hic natus est. * [[Gilbertus Poirot]] (1944–2012), athleta saltus nivalis, hic natus est. * [[Ioannes Maria Poirot]] (1945–2015), athleta saltus nivalis, hic natus est. * [[Gerardus Colin]] (1958-), athleta saltus nivalis, hic natus est. * [[Veronica Claudel]] (1966-), athleta quae [[Olympia hiemalia 1992|numisma aureum Olympicum]] in certamine biathli vicario apud [[Oblimum]] et [[Olympia hiemalia 1994|numisma aeneum]] apud [[Lillehammer]] (in [[Norvegia]]) anno 1994 consecuta est, hic nata est. * [[Ioannes Paulus Didierlaurent]] (1962–2021), scriptor, praesertim fabularum, incola huius communis fuit. * [[Igor Cuny]] (1982-), athleta in calceis rotiferis, hic natus est. * [[Titouan Perrin-Ganier]] (1991-), birotarius montanus. * [[Neïlo Perrin-Ganier]] (1996-), birotarius montanus. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|La Bresse|La Bresse}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bresse, La}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] 32bwf9sfirh7penixe68ll6lnw942vo Congregatio Mariae Reginae Immaculatae 0 325537 3993314 3964181 2026-10-07T03:55:15Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 3993314 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:LourdesgrotScheveningen2019-4.jpg|thumb|Maria Congregatie.]] {{res|Congregatio Mariae Reginae Immaculatae}} est [[congregatio religiosa]] [[sedevacantismus|sedavacantista]] non in communione cum [[Ecclesia Catholica]]. Anno [[1967]] a [[Franciscus Schuckardt|Francisco Schuckardt]] condita est. Hodie a [[Marcus Antonius Pivarunas|Marco Antonio Pivarunas]] ducitur. == Superiores generales == * Franciscus Conradus Schuckardt (1967–1984) * Dionysius Chicoine (1984–1989) * Marcus Antonius Pivarunas (1989–1991) * Casimirus Puskorius (1991–1995) * Marcus Antonius Pivarunas (1995–praesens) == Bibliographia == * Cubbage, Robertus (1980). ''Tridentine Latin Rite Church'' [[Spocanum|Spocani]]: Inland Register. * Cuneo, Michael (1997). "4: Catholic Separatists". ''The Smoke of Satan: Conservative and Traditionalist Dissent in Contemporary American Catholicism''. Oxford University Press. pp. 102–114. ISBN 978-0-19-511350-1. * Lebar, Iacobus (1989). ''Cults, Sect, and the New Age''. Our Sunday Visitor. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Congregatio Mariae Reginae Immaculatae|Congregationem Mariae Reginae Immaculatae}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20260610020226/https://cmri.org/ Situs interretialis] {{reli-stipula}} [[Categoria:Constituta 1967]] [[Categoria:Divisiones Christianorum]] [[Categoria:Missa Tridentina]] nqxed3944z5xb7qp8y19wmarrvvmsnt Lacus Silvestris 0 328987 3993262 3992107 2026-10-06T20:32:19Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 3993262 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Imago:Lake fall.jpg|thumb|Lacus Silvestris in parte Canadensi anno 2008]] {{res|Lacus Silvestris}}{{Convertimus}} ([[Anglice]] ''Lake of the Woods'', [[Francogallice]] ''Lac des Bois'') est lacus in [[America Septentrionalis|America Serptentrionali]] Pars lacus borealis in provinciis Canadensibus [[Ontario]]ne et [[Manitoba]] sita est, pars australis in civitate [[Minnesota]] ([[CFA]]); ripae occidentali adiacet pars Minnesotae terris Canadensibus crcumcincta, quae ''Angulus Boreoccidentalis'' (''Northwest Angle'') nominatur. [[Area (geometria)|Aream]] habet 4350 [[chiliometrum quadratum|chm<sup>2</sup>]]; pars austroccidentalis aperta est, sed partes ceterae labyrinthum perplexissimum fretorum, sinuum, insularum paeninsularum praebet. Circa 14 milia insularum per lacum Silvestrem dispersa sunt. In silvis desertis et paludinosis lacus situs est. [[Vinnipega (flumen)|Vinnipega flumen]] e parte lacus boreali oritur prope da urbem [[Kenora]]m et in [[Lacus Vinnipega|lacum eiusdem niminis]] quam lacus Silvestris aufert. Lacus Silvestris et lacus [[Manitoba]]e magni reliquiae sunt lacus praehistorici [[Agassiz (lacus)|Agassiz]] vel [[systema fluviorum|systematis]] eius, quem [[Aevum glaciale|glaciarium]] recedens alebat; ante 10 vel 12 milia annorum aquae Agassiz per [[Nelson (flumen)|flumen Nelson]] novum demissae sunt. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes geographici}} [[Categoria:Lacus Ontarionis]] [[Categoria:Lacus Manitobae]] [[Categoria:Lacus Minnesotae]] cexonny5m0gxwwrh2vhc6yss1rlad0u Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses 14 329190 3993264 3992853 2026-10-06T20:36:39Z Pippobuono 54500 +tabula 3993264 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Homines hac in categoria secundum annum ultimum vitae}} [[Categoria:Episcopi Franciae|Blesenses]] [[Categoria:Dioecesis Blesensis]] 5ogqhg4dyqu2sas3m2ddw47t07klty2 Carolus Deisseroth 0 329212 3993153 3993069 2026-10-06T12:11:06Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3993153 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Karl Deisseroth 2025 C 01.jpg|thumb|Carolus Deisseroth anno 2025.]] '''Carolus Alexander Deisseroth''' (natus die [[18 Novembris]] [[1971]]) est [[medicus]] et [[psychiater]] [[CFA|Civitatum Foederatarum]] qui [[professor]] [[Universitas Stanfordiensis|Universitatis Stanfordiensis]] [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae]] cum [[Petrus Hegemann|Petro Hegemann]] et [[Georgius Nagel|Georgio Nagel]] anno [[2026]] accepit, ratione{{dubsig}} studii [[canalis ionticus|canalis iontici]] et [[optogenetica]]e.<ref>[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2026/deisseroth/facts/ De Carlus Deisseroth] nobelprize.org.</ref> Alumnus [[Universitas Harvardiana|Universitatis Harvardianae]], professor [[Institutum Carolinum|Instituti Carolini]] ab anno [[2014]] ab annum [[2019]] fuit. == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Karl Deisseroth|Carolum Deisseroth}} {{Anni vitae|1971||Deisseroth,Carolus Alexander}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Harvardianae]] [[Categoria:Medici Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Praemium Nobelianum Medicinae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Stanfordiensis]] 87dp4yf87fsv9b6mfqckgjcr68s7l9w Spadix 0 329214 3993232 3993093 2026-10-06T18:18:29Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 3993232 wikitext text/x-wiki {{discretiva}} * '''Spadix''' vel '''spadicum''' (de [[Graece|Graeco]] σπάδιξ) est ''[[Phoenix dactylifera|Phoenicis dactyliferae]]'' termes cum fructu avulsus<ref>{{Forcellini}}</ref>; * [[Spadiceus]] vel '''spadix''' est color fructuum ''Phoenicis dactyliferae''; * [[Spadix (botanice)]] est [[inflorescentia]]e genus; * [[Spadix (organum)]] est [[Cephalopoda|Cephalopodum]] organum ==Notae== <references /> 38eqmyvgfkrtfzsp7rn7rv6ob5q2pb6 Montivilliers 0 329219 3993152 2026-10-06T12:10:41Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Montivilliers]] ad [[Monasterium Villare]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3993152 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Monasterium Villare]] n4thqbrv4qpxx6uj0bo0j95qf1ykpif Quintus Pomponius Musa 0 329220 3993177 2026-10-06T13:58:07Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 Paginam instituit, scribens ''''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis Bellum Aetolicu...' 3993177 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MVSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] onhtchh3pt5ufdz7eeagsr1cwlnhr6a 3993178 3993177 2026-10-06T14:03:01Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993178 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MVSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] jc290rdrcuz02ysmf0zekrm1jvm51iz 3993179 3993178 2026-10-06T14:09:22Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993179 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MVSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] 0axaxyufvlwtf7261qkahiidl6ffze4 3993180 3993179 2026-10-06T14:12:19Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993180 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MVSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] skjf285i4f4df8sm2clxziu3iwpubdy 3993181 3993180 2026-10-06T14:14:56Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993181 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MVSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.academia.edu/70304855/L_aedes_Herculis_Musarum_l_armonia_delle_sfere_il_calendario_in_Revue_Arch%C3%A9ologique_2021_pp_327_348 L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] 05hlxou3seo067wx7ekagwb6c5nkron 3993182 3993181 2026-10-06T14:15:46Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993182 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MVSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.academia.edu/70304855/L_aedes_Herculis_Musarum_l_armonia_delle_sfere_il_calendario_in_Revue_Arch%C3%A9ologique_2021_pp_327_348 L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] 3bzeywwpqr4oa1sk3kwjq300q9o9v1k 3993183 3993182 2026-10-06T14:18:13Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993183 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.academia.edu/70304855/L_aedes_Herculis_Musarum_l_armonia_delle_sfere_il_calendario_in_Revue_Arch%C3%A9ologique_2021_pp_327_348 L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] akg2t2dx8ap1pc84fhiasoeyeiwx9ux 3993184 3993183 2026-10-06T14:22:12Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993184 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] d0i8zk9dn0lisr8hf7zmqgt34ihws2m 3993185 3993184 2026-10-06T14:26:52Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993185 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] kcll8ansqxs54t0a3jou0avuf6zlxqz 3993186 3993185 2026-10-06T14:27:36Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993186 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales]] nyjh0r5qv994c2uht3c6pq2hjouqrby 3993187 3993186 2026-10-06T14:28:19Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993187 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] d47v6n13862skc40xtikuyt7q766jtb 3993191 3993187 2026-10-06T14:33:32Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993191 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] 5hguj01hyl9q0bt6alb3ibq16z2kh4i 3993192 3993191 2026-10-06T14:37:16Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993192 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] anno [[179 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f350.item 360-5] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] 7kbjs4ey5uqlp32vvo821uh13ejpfj3 3993199 3993192 2026-10-06T14:52:41Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993199 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f350.item 360-5] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] pak9m50dyqqxsyeh308v9ha1a98sfru 3993209 3993199 2026-10-06T15:38:03Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993209 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari tabulas pictas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f350.item 360-5] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] hntjqbb1yaeggibqr7wognkc3q6i4x3 3993211 3993209 2026-10-06T15:41:33Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993211 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f350.item 360-5] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] pak9m50dyqqxsyeh308v9ha1a98sfru 3993224 3993211 2026-10-06T17:40:54Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993224 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f360.item 360-5] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] rc74dbuvvml86e9yevk6905tjh2wk7l 3993225 3993224 2026-10-06T17:42:07Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993225 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f366.item 360-5] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] 590e6256pujhvjl77aoztxy6p5i44ts 3993226 3993225 2026-10-06T17:43:02Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993226 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f366. 360-5] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] nlwu4p0scsj6mflcrpu87aicsge6k44 3993227 3993226 2026-10-06T17:44:36Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993227 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Iulius'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f366. 356-365] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] g8qxariigm7ytgyxt1uxqpkuzy1zoz2 3993228 3993227 2026-10-06T17:48:51Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993228 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Augustus'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f366. 356-365] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] cujhqb1wtcg14hp05h1xb6yz52wn7y2 3993235 3993228 2026-10-06T18:31:26Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993235 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Augustus'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 p.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f370. 360-365] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] 7j0u3cbgh43x91durrqrrq0lihl7cj1 3993236 3993235 2026-10-06T18:31:52Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3993236 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex altera parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Augustus'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 pp.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f370. 360-365] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] g5ftjbqw50noqgs6tl9vcxs96hruygc 3993237 3993236 2026-10-06T18:32:22Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993237 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex una parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in templo Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Augustus'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 pp.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f370. 360-365] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] tqu8iroj775ogxl33fizrye3x7o5cav 3993238 3993237 2026-10-06T18:33:56Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3993238 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hercules Musagetes, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome (2).jpg|thumb|In hoc denario ex una parte Apollinis caput, ex altera Hercules lyra canens.]] [[Fasciculus:Muse Euterpe, Denarius, 56 B.C., Rome.jpg|thumb|Ex una parte caput Apollinis laureatum, pone caput [[tibiae]]. Ex altera [[Euterpe]], musicae Musa tibias tenens.]] '''Quintus Pomponius Musa''' fuit [[Triumvir monetalis|triumvir monetalis]] Romanus qui circa [[66 a.C.n.]] in [[Cognomen|cognominis]] sui honorem seriem [[Denarius|denariorum]] [[Musae (deae)|Musis]] dicatam signavit. Decimum denarium [[Hercules Musarum|Herculi Musarum]] consecravit unde liquet effigies Musarum in nummis imitari statuas quas [[Marcus Fulvius Nobilior (consul 189 a.C.n.)|Marcus Fulvius Nobilior]] circa [[187 a.C.n.]] ex spoliis [[Bellum Aetolicum|belli Aetolici]] in aede Herculis Musarum a se in [[Circus Flaminius|Circo Flaminio]] dedicato posuit<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[Pro Archia]]'' 27. [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' I.12. [[Suetonius]], ''Divus Augustus'' 29.5.</ref>. Nihil aliud de hoc triumviro monetali accepimus sed nomen suum in denariis nobis reliquit legendum: Q. POMPONI MÝSA. Alii Pomponii Musae non inveniuntur nisi [[Imperatores Romani|imperatorum]] tempore. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *E. Babelon, ''Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la République romaine,'' 1885 t.2 pp.[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k97393391/f370. 360-365] *Francesco De Stefano, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27120540 Aedes Herculis Musarum in circo Flaminio. Connotati cultuali, ideologici e architettonici del monumentum di M. Fulvio Nobiliore]", ''Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica Comunale di Roma'', 2019: 141-158 *Alex Hardie, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27566676 Juno, Hercules, and the Muses at Rome]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 2007: 551-592 *Francesco Marcattili, "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373898318_Hercules_Musarum_in_Circo_Flaminio_Dalla_dedica_di_Fulvio_Nobiliore_alla_Porticus_Philippi L'«aedes Herculis Musarum», l'«armonia delle sfere», il calendario]", ''Revue Archéologique'', 2021: 327-348 *L. Richardson, Jr., "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/503009 Hercules Musarum and the Porticus Philippi in Rome]", ''American Journal of Archaeology'', 1977: 355-361 [[Categoria:Gens Pomponia|Musa, Quintus Pomponius]] [[Categoria:Triumviri monetales|Pomponius Musa, Quintus]] 2eifru86ecl5irkj44p54e9dxz1wufz Disputatio:Fibrae zonulares 1 329221 3993195 2026-10-06T14:49:01Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Caregoria Anatomia ? */ nova pars 3993195 wikitext text/x-wiki == Caregoria Anatomia ? == Secutus sum quae ante me facta erant in categoriis "Oculus" et "Anatomia" partibus oculi adsignandis sed vidi oculum subcategoriam esse anatomiae. Anatomiam categoriam mihi igitur addere inutile videtur. Nonne e partibus oculi eliminanda est? [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 14:49, 6 Octobris 2026 (UTC) k9a89zuf6f2qse1leu8wav9buv91ua9 Fiménil 0 329222 3993196 2026-10-06T14:50:04Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3993196 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Fiménil, Mairie.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Fiménil: [[vici conciliabulum]].]] {{res|Fiménil}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 237 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Fiménil|Fiménil}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] te8rnx9jmfenvc58nlbiidjgdhpw3l7 Disputatio:Fiménil 1 329223 3993198 2026-10-06T14:51:29Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3993198 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Fiménil|240131538}} tvia28q2lb8q1t6g7k0dbphhywljnzd Fignévelle 0 329224 3993202 2026-10-06T14:55:33Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3993202 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:ChurchFignévelle.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Fignévelle: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Assumptio]]ni [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Nostrae Dominae]] dicata.]] {{res|Fignévelle}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 50 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Fignévelle|Fignévelle}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] 6fpopksjxcl80fg9i92cm3gejuyquot Disputatio:Fignévelle 1 329225 3993203 2026-10-06T14:56:57Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3993203 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Fignévelle|239429583}} cyway7j2rbxt5zbd59flv3da03kghoc Fays (Vosegus) 0 329226 3993206 2026-10-06T15:03:49Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3993206 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Fays, Mairie-école.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Fays: [[vici conciliabulum]].]] {{res|Fays}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 222 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. == Civis notabilis == * [[Gasto Litaize]] (1909-1991), [[organista]] et compositor, hic mortuus est. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Fays (Vosges)|Fays}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] sdnqoholrlxvsoafs4jt6z5p5aocga5 Disputatio:Fays (Vosegus) 1 329227 3993207 2026-10-06T15:05:05Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3993207 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Fays (Vosges)|239427174}} iljl803b7eqoor388mc0kgbxiay4qmk Franciscus Halzen 0 329228 3993221 2026-10-06T16:52:05Z LilyKitty 18316 Paginam instituit, scribens ''''Francis Halzen''' (natus [[Thenae|Thenarum]] die [[23 Martii]] [[1944]]) est [[physicus]] [[Belgica|Belgicus]] qui nationalitatem [[CFA|Civitates Foederatarum]] acquisit. Investigator Observatorii Neutrini IceCube quod [[Antarctica Muona Ac Neutrina Detegens Accommodatio|Antarcticam Muona mAc Neutrinam Detegentem Accommodationem]] possedet et anno [[2026]], [[Praemium Nobelianum physicae]] accepit, ratione conlatione ad Observatiorum Meutrini IceCube et inve...' 3993221 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francis Halzen''' (natus [[Thenae|Thenarum]] die [[23 Martii]] [[1944]]) est [[physicus]] [[Belgica|Belgicus]] qui nationalitatem [[CFA|Civitates Foederatarum]] acquisit. Investigator Observatorii Neutrini IceCube quod [[Antarctica Muona Ac Neutrina Detegens Accommodatio|Antarcticam Muona mAc Neutrinam Detegentem Accommodationem]] possedet et anno [[2026]], [[Praemium Nobelianum physicae]] accepit, ratione conlatione ad Observatiorum Meutrini IceCube et inventus [[neutrinum|neutrinorum]] energiae altae origine [[astrophysica]]e.<ref>[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2026/halzen/facts/ De Francisco Halzen]</ref> Alumnus [[Universitas Catholica Lovaniensis|Universitatis Catholicae Lovaniensis]] deinde professor Universitatis Wisconsin-Madison factus est. == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Francis Halzen|Franciscus Halzen}} [[Categoria:Homines vivi]] [[Categoria:Physici Belgicae]] [[Categoria:Physici Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Praemium Nobelianum Physicae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Catholicae Lovaniensis]] [[Categoria:Nati 1944]] 51b4tga00zic4t8it1gkbs4496ktkxo 3993302 3993221 2026-10-06T23:58:22Z IacobusAmor 1163 Menda manent. 3993302 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Francis Halzen''' (natus [[Thenae|Thenis]] die [[23 Martii]] [[1944]]) est [[physicus]] [[Belgica|Belgicus]] qui nationalitatem [[CFA|Civitatum Foederatarum]] acquisit. Investigator Observatorii Neutrini IceCube quod [[Antarctica Muona Ac Neutrina Detegens Accommodatio|Antarcticam Muona mAc Neutrinam Detegentem Accommodationem]] possedet et anno [[2026]], [[Praemium Nobelianum physicae]] accepit, ratione conlatione ad Observatiorum Meutrini IceCube et inventus [[neutrinum|neutrinorum]] energiae altae origine [[astrophysica]]e.<ref>[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2026/halzen/facts/ De Francisco Halzen]</ref> Alumnus [[Universitas Catholica Lovaniensis|Universitatis Catholicae Lovaniensis]], [[professor]] [[Universitas Wisconsin-Madison|Universitatis Wisconsin-Madison]]{{dubsig}} factus est. == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Francis Halzen|Franciscum Halzen}} [[Categoria:Homines vivi]] [[Categoria:Physici Belgicae]] [[Categoria:Physici Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Praemium Nobelianum Physicae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Catholicae Lovaniensis]] [[Categoria:Nati 1944]] htxhe2b7hrdwn8sn3el1ixtadhhqfsf Fauconcuria 0 329229 3993240 2026-10-06T18:36:20Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3993240 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Fauconcourt, Église Saint-Remi.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Fauconcuria: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Remigius|Sancto Remigio]] dicata.]] {{res|Fauconcuria}}<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 2, p. 57.</ref> ([[Francogallice]] ''Fauconcourt'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 122 [[incola]]rum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in [[regio]]ne [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Fauconcourt|Fauconcuriam}} {{Fontes geographici}} == Notae == <references /> {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] mndlof54ds6xdh7fho0c3idtbqq32o4 3993241 3993240 2026-10-06T18:37:00Z Pippobuono 54500 rectificatio 3993241 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Fauconcourt, Église Saint-Remi.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Fauconcuria: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Remigius|Sancto Remigio]] dicata.]] {{res|Fauconcuria}}<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 2, p. 57.</ref> ([[Francogallice]] ''Fauconcourt'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 126 [[incola]]rum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in [[regio]]ne [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Fauconcourt|Fauconcuriam}} {{Fontes geographici}} == Notae == <references /> {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] 5yy21xzi3ie0468wlh4ep8ulrzkxnnv Disputatio:Fauconcuria 1 329230 3993243 2026-10-06T18:38:04Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3993243 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Fauconcourt|239799008}} 2efghehy9wk3735r2dz1lwuudtr3n1z Faucompierre 0 329231 3993244 2026-10-06T18:42:06Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3993244 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Croix de chemin de Faucompierre.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Faucompierre: crux juxta viam.]] {{res|Faucompierre}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 227 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Faucompierre|Faucompierre}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] qtd53xs2reo1e91w1my91ipkxnaw7mc Disputatio:Faucompierre 1 329232 3993246 2026-10-06T18:43:17Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3993246 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Faucompierre|239917356}} qisudcfm0129fa4lllsvccxmj26sm3h Ioannes Petrus Batut 0 329233 3993250 2026-10-06T19:25:41Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3993250 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Petrus Batut}} ([[Francogallice]] ''Jean-Pierre Batut'', natus in [[Lutetia]]e die [[3 Iulii]] [[1954]]) fuit [[episcopus]] auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Lugdunensis]] (2008-2015), postea episcopus [[Dioecesis Blesensis]] (Francogallice ''diocèse de Blois'') ab anno 2015 ad annum 2023, et postea denuum episcopus auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Tolosana]]e. == Biographia == Postquam gradum in philosophia, et magisterium diplomamque docendi in litteris Germanicis ab Universitate Sorbonensi Parisiis consecutus est, Ioannes Petrus Batut studia theologica in [[Pontificia Universitas Gregoriana|Pontificia Universitate Gregoriana]] Romae persecutus est. Deinde doctoratum in historia religionum a Sorbona et in theologia ab Instituto Catholico Parisiensi consecutus est. Sacerdos [[Archidioecesis Parisiensis]] die [[23 Iunii]] [[1984]] ordinatus est. Ministerium docendi in seminariis [[Issy-les-Moulineaux]] et Parisiis principaliter egit. Fuit etiam vicarium in variis parochiis Parisiorum. Nominatus episcopus auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Lugdunensis]] die [[28 Novembris]] [[2008]], ordinatus est die [[10 Ianuarii]] [[2009]] a cardinali [[Philippus Barbarin|Philippo Barbarin]]. Postea nominatus est episcopus Blesensis die [[22 Novembris]] [[2014]], post resignationem [[Mauritius de Germiny|Mauritii de Germiny]]. Die [[23 Iunii]] [[2023]], resignavit<ref>{{opus|url=https://www.famillechretienne.fr/55415/article/deux-eveques-renoncent-leur-charge-pour-raison-de-sante|titulus=Deux évêques renoncent à leur charge pour raisons de santé|domus editoria=Famille chrétienne|auctor=Cyriac Zeller|annus=2023}} {{Ling|francogallice}}</ref> et nominatus est auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Tolosana]]e. == Nexus externus == {{Fontes biographici}} * {{CathHierBishop|batut}} == Notae == <references /> {{bio-stipula}} {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Lifetime|1954||Batut, Ioannes Petrus}} [[Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] [[Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses]] 7l4ygsaldm7b4p77kiqs77v1ls8p490 3993251 3993250 2026-10-06T19:26:31Z Pippobuono 54500 locativus 3993251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Petrus Batut}} ([[Francogallice]] ''Jean-Pierre Batut'', natus [[Lutetia]]e die [[3 Iulii]] [[1954]]) fuit [[episcopus]] auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Lugdunensis]] (2008-2015), postea episcopus [[Dioecesis Blesensis]] (Francogallice ''diocèse de Blois'') ab anno 2015 ad annum 2023, et postea denuum episcopus auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Tolosana]]e. == Biographia == Postquam gradum in philosophia, et magisterium diplomamque docendi in litteris Germanicis ab Universitate Sorbonensi Parisiis consecutus est, Ioannes Petrus Batut studia theologica in [[Pontificia Universitas Gregoriana|Pontificia Universitate Gregoriana]] Romae persecutus est. Deinde doctoratum in historia religionum a Sorbona et in theologia ab Instituto Catholico Parisiensi consecutus est. Sacerdos [[Archidioecesis Parisiensis]] die [[23 Iunii]] [[1984]] ordinatus est. Ministerium docendi in seminariis [[Issy-les-Moulineaux]] et Parisiis principaliter egit. Fuit etiam vicarium in variis parochiis Parisiorum. Nominatus episcopus auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Lugdunensis]] die [[28 Novembris]] [[2008]], ordinatus est die [[10 Ianuarii]] [[2009]] a cardinali [[Philippus Barbarin|Philippo Barbarin]]. Postea nominatus est episcopus Blesensis die [[22 Novembris]] [[2014]], post resignationem [[Mauritius de Germiny|Mauritii de Germiny]]. Die [[23 Iunii]] [[2023]], resignavit<ref>{{opus|url=https://www.famillechretienne.fr/55415/article/deux-eveques-renoncent-leur-charge-pour-raison-de-sante|titulus=Deux évêques renoncent à leur charge pour raisons de santé|domus editoria=Famille chrétienne|auctor=Cyriac Zeller|annus=2023}} {{Ling|francogallice}}</ref> et nominatus est auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Tolosana]]e. == Nexus externus == {{Fontes biographici}} * {{CathHierBishop|batut}} == Notae == <references /> {{bio-stipula}} {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Lifetime|1954||Batut, Ioannes Petrus}} [[Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] [[Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses]] sat4pr8j1scczmkexgxdztdn2ntta9c 3993252 3993251 2026-10-06T19:27:07Z Pippobuono 54500 /* Biographia */ typo 3993252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Petrus Batut}} ([[Francogallice]] ''Jean-Pierre Batut'', natus [[Lutetia]]e die [[3 Iulii]] [[1954]]) fuit [[episcopus]] auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Lugdunensis]] (2008-2015), postea episcopus [[Dioecesis Blesensis]] (Francogallice ''diocèse de Blois'') ab anno 2015 ad annum 2023, et postea denuum episcopus auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Tolosana]]e. == Biographia == Postquam gradum in philosophia, et magisterium diplomamque docendi in litteris Germanicis ab Universitate Sorbonensi Parisiis consecutus est, Ioannes Petrus Batut studia theologica in [[Pontificia Universitas Gregoriana|Pontificia Universitate Gregoriana]] Romae persecutus est. Deinde doctoratum in historia religionum a Sorbona et in theologia ab Instituto Catholico Parisiensi consecutus est. Sacerdos [[Archidioecesis Parisiensis]] die [[23 Iunii]] [[1984]] ordinatus est. Ministerium docendi in seminariis [[Issy-les-Moulineaux]] et Parisiis principaliter egit. Fuit etiam vicarium in variis parochiis Parisiorum. Nominatus episcopus auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Lugdunensis]] die [[28 Novembris]] [[2008]], ordinatus est die [[10 Ianuarii]] [[2009]] a cardinali [[Philippus Barbarin|Philippo Barbarin]]. Postea nominatus est episcopus Blesensis die [[22 Novembris]] [[2014]], post resignationem [[Mauritius de Germiny|Mauritii de Germiny]]. Die [[23 Iunii]] [[2023]], resignavit<ref>{{opus|url=https://www.famillechretienne.fr/55415/article/deux-eveques-renoncent-leur-charge-pour-raison-de-sante|titulus=Deux évêques renoncent à leur charge pour raison de santé|domus editoria=Famille chrétienne|auctor=Cyriac Zeller|annus=2023}} {{Ling|francogallice}}</ref> et nominatus est auxiliarius [[Archidioecesis Tolosana]]e. == Nexus externus == {{Fontes biographici}} * {{CathHierBishop|batut}} == Notae == <references /> {{bio-stipula}} {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Lifetime|1954||Batut, Ioannes Petrus}} [[Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] [[Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses]] deij80ys4z7x1a0obfp4oh45n7mvop1 Raymondus Aron 0 329234 3993256 2026-10-06T20:19:21Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3993256 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{Res|Raymondus Aron}}, {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Raymond Aron}} ([[Lutetia]]e [[14 Martii]] [[1905]] natus; eadem civitate [[17 Octobris]] [[1983]] mortuus) fuit [[philosophus]], [[sociologus]], [[politologus]], [[historicus]] et [[diurnarius]] [[Francia|Francicus]]. == Biographia == Initio amicus et condiscipulus [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Ioannis Pauli Sartre]] et [[Paulus Nizan|Pauli Nizan]] in [[Schola normalis superior (Lutetia)|Schola Normali Superiore]], ardens [[liberalismus|liberalismi]] fautor, contra ambitum intellectualem [[Pacifismus|pacifisticum]] qui dominabatur, factus est. In opere suo celeberrimo, ''L'Opium des intellectuels'', caecitatem et complicitatem intellectualium erga regimina communistarum denuntiavit. Triginta annos, Aron scriptor editorialis pro diurno ''[[Le Figaro]]'' fuit. Postremis annis apud ''[[L'Express]]'' laboravit. Anno [[1978]], periodicum intellectuale ''[[Commentaire]]'' condidit, ut principia, quae democratiam liberalem sive societatem liberalem regere debent, defenderet et illustraret. Hoc conatum, alia perspectiva et alio titulo continuans, ad periodicum ''[[Contrepoint]]'' contulit, a tribus studentibus [[Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense|Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] mense Maio 1970 conditum. Triginta annos docuit, praesertim apud Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense et [[École des hautes études en sciences sociales]], et cathedram ''Sociologiae Civilisationis Modernae'' apud [[Collegium Franciae]] anno 1970 obtinuit. Commentator agnitus est de [[Carolus Marxius|Marxio]], [[Carolus Philippus Amadeus de Clausewitz|Clausewitz]], [[Alexander Kojève|Kojève]] et [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Sartre]]. Variis artibus et studiis (in oeconomia, sociologia, philosophia, rebus internationalibus, et geopolitica) gratias egregie egit et magnam famam apud intellectuales consecutus est. Eius opiniones [[Liberalismus|liberales]] et atlantisticae a fautoribus eius, tam a sinistra quam a dextra, acriter reprehensae sunt. Nihilominus, per totam vitam moderatum animum servavit.<ref>{{opus |auctor=Perrine Simon |titulus=Raymond Aron dans l'histoire du siècle |domus editoria=Vingtième Siècle : Revue d'histoire |volume=9 |date=1986 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/xxs_0294-1759_1986_num_9_1_1460 |pagina=124-126 }} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref>. Anno 1963 [[Academia Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum|Academiae Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum]] electus est.<ref>{{opus |langue=fr |titulus=M. Raymond Aron est élu l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1963/11/27/m-raymond-aron-est-elu-membre-de-l-academie-des-sciences-morales-et-politiques_2220400_1819218.html |situs=lemonde.fr |data=27 novembre 1963 }} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref>. Die [[17 Octobris]] [[1983]], impetu cordis affectus, mortuus est, postquam pro [[Bertrandus de Jouvenel|Bertrando de Jouvenel]] testimonium dixisset in iudicio, quo eum contra [[Zeev Sternhell]] oppugnabat.<ref>{{opus|domus editoria=Canal Académie |url=http://www.canalacademie.com/ida3922-Un-intellectuel-atypique-Bertrand-de-Jouvenel.html|titulus=Un intellectuel atypique : Bertrand de Jouvenel|annus=}} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref> == Opera (selectio) == [[Image:Book signed by Raymond Aron and offered to Maurice Halbwachs.JPG|thumb|upright|Dedicatio Raymundi Aron ad [[Mauritius Halbwachs|Mauritium Halbwachs]] scripta in ''La Sociologie allemande contemporaine'', Paris, Alcan, 1935.]] * {{opus|titulus=La Sociologie allemande contemporaine|locus= Paris|domus editoria= Alcan|annus= 1935}} * {{opus|titulus=Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire. Essai sur les limites de l'objectivité historique|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1938}} * {{opus|titulus=De l'armistice à l'insurrection nationale|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1945}} * {{opus|titulus=Le Grand Schisme|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1948}} * {{opus|titulus=L'Opium des intellectuels|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria= Calmann-Lévy|annus= 1955}} * {{opus|titulus=La Tragédie algérienne|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Plon|annus= 1957}} * {{opus|titulus=Dimensions de la conscience historique|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Plon|annus=1961}} * {{opus|titulus=Démocratie et Totalitarisme|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1965}} * {{opus|titulus=D'une sainte famille à l'autre. Essai sur le marxisme imaginaire|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1969}} * {{opus|titulus=De la condition historique du sociologue|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus= 1971}} * {{opus|titulus=Histoire et dialectique de la violence|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1973}}<ref>Commentarium operis ''Critique de la raison dialectique'' [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Sartre]]</ref> * {{opus|titulus=Penser la guerre, Clausewitz|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus= 1976}} === Postumae === * {{opus|titulus=Une histoire du XXe siècle, anthologie|locus=Paris |domus editoria=Plon|annus= 1996}} * {{opus|auctor1=Raymondus Aron|auctor2=[[Ludovicus Séchan]]|titulus=Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Éditions de Fallois|annus=1997|isbn=2-253-90536-4}} * {{opus|titulus=Aron, critique de Sartre : Textes rassemblés et commentés par Perrine Simon-Nahum|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria= Calmann-Lévy|collectio=Bibliothèque Raymond Aron|paginae=350|annus= 2025 |isbn=978-2702191644}} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Raymond Aron|Raymondum Aron}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{Lifetime|1905|1983|Aron, Raymondus}} [[Categoria:Agnostici]] [[Categoria:Politologi]] [[Categoria:Sectatores Franciae liberae]] [[Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]] [[Categoria:Professores apud Collegium Franciae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum]] [[Categoria:Socii Academiae Artium et Scientiarum Americanae]] [[Categoria:Professores Scholae Studiorum ad Scientias Sociales Superiorum (Lutetia)]] [[Categoria:Professores Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] [[Categoria:Philosophi]] [[Categoria:Alumni Lycei Condorcet]] [[Categoria:Alumni Scholae Normalis Superioris (Lutetia)]] [[Categoria:Sociologi]] edj8xnxn9uylkeqnxe0uvi08ksbk47x 3993263 3993256 2026-10-06T20:32:27Z Pippobuono 54500 /* Biographia */ modestius 3993263 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{Res|Raymondus Aron}}, {{barbarice|lingua=fr|Raymond Aron}} ([[Lutetia]]e [[14 Martii]] [[1905]] natus; eadem civitate [[17 Octobris]] [[1983]] mortuus) fuit [[philosophus]], [[sociologus]], [[politologus]], [[historicus]] et [[diurnarius]] [[Francia|Francicus]]. == Biographia == Initio amicus et condiscipulus [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Ioannis Pauli Sartre]] et [[Paulus Nizan|Pauli Nizan]] in [[Schola normalis superior (Lutetia)|Schola Normali Superiore]], ardens [[liberalismus|liberalismi]] fautor, contra ambitum intellectualem [[Pacifismus|pacifisticum]] qui dominabatur, factus est. In opere suo celeberrimo, ''L'Opium des intellectuels'', caecitatem et complicitatem intellectualium erga regimina communistarum denuntiavit. Triginta annos, Aron scriptor editorialis pro diurno ''[[Le Figaro]]'' fuit. Postremis annis apud ''[[L'Express]]'' laboravit. Anno [[1978]], periodicum intellectuale ''[[Commentaire]]'' condidit, ut principia, quae democratiam liberalem sive societatem liberalem regere debent, defenderet et illustraret. Hoc conatum, alia perspectiva et alio titulo continuans, ad periodicum ''[[Contrepoint]]'' contulit, a tribus studentibus [[Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense|Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] mense Maio 1970 conditum. Triginta annos docuit, praesertim apud Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense et [[École des hautes études en sciences sociales]], et cathedram ''Sociologiae Civilisationis Modernae'' apud [[Collegium Franciae]] anno 1970 obtinuit. Commentator agnitus est de [[Carolus Marxius|Marxio]], [[Carolus Philippus Amadeus de Clausewitz|Clausewitz]], [[Alexander Kojève|Kojève]] et [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Sartre]]. Variis artibus et studiis (in oeconomia, sociologia, philosophia, rebus internationalibus, et geopolitica) gratias magnam famam apud intellectuales consecutus est. Eius opiniones [[Liberalismus|liberales]] et atlantisticae a fautoribus eius, tam a sinistra quam a dextra, acriter reprehensae sunt. Nihilominus, per totam vitam moderatum animum servavit.<ref>{{opus |auctor=Perrine Simon |titulus=Raymond Aron dans l'histoire du siècle |domus editoria=Vingtième Siècle : Revue d'histoire |volume=9 |date=1986 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/xxs_0294-1759_1986_num_9_1_1460 |pagina=124-126 }} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref> Anno 1963 [[Academia Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum|Academiae Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum]] electus est.<ref>{{opus |langue=fr |titulus=M. Raymond Aron est élu l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1963/11/27/m-raymond-aron-est-elu-membre-de-l-academie-des-sciences-morales-et-politiques_2220400_1819218.html |situs=lemonde.fr |data=27 novembre 1963 }} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref>. Die [[17 Octobris]] [[1983]], impetu cordis affectus, mortuus est, postquam pro [[Bertrandus de Jouvenel|Bertrando de Jouvenel]] testimonium dixisset in iudicio, quo eum contra [[Zeev Sternhell]] oppugnabat.<ref>{{opus|domus editoria=Canal Académie |url=http://www.canalacademie.com/ida3922-Un-intellectuel-atypique-Bertrand-de-Jouvenel.html|titulus=Un intellectuel atypique : Bertrand de Jouvenel|annus=}} {{ling|Francogallice}}.</ref> == Opera (selectio) == [[Image:Book signed by Raymond Aron and offered to Maurice Halbwachs.JPG|thumb|upright|Dedicatio Raymundi Aron ad [[Mauritius Halbwachs|Mauritium Halbwachs]] scripta in ''La Sociologie allemande contemporaine'', Paris, Alcan, 1935.]] * {{opus|titulus=La Sociologie allemande contemporaine|locus= Paris|domus editoria= Alcan|annus= 1935}} * {{opus|titulus=Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire. Essai sur les limites de l'objectivité historique|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1938}} * {{opus|titulus=De l'armistice à l'insurrection nationale|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1945}} * {{opus|titulus=Le Grand Schisme|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1948}} * {{opus|titulus=L'Opium des intellectuels|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria= Calmann-Lévy|annus= 1955}} * {{opus|titulus=La Tragédie algérienne|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Plon|annus= 1957}} * {{opus|titulus=Dimensions de la conscience historique|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Plon|annus=1961}} * {{opus|titulus=Démocratie et Totalitarisme|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1965}} * {{opus|titulus=D'une sainte famille à l'autre. Essai sur le marxisme imaginaire|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1969}} * {{opus|titulus=De la condition historique du sociologue|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus= 1971}} * {{opus|titulus=Histoire et dialectique de la violence|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus=1973}}<ref>Commentarium operis ''Critique de la raison dialectique'' [[Ioannes Paulus Sartre|Sartre]]</ref> * {{opus|titulus=Penser la guerre, Clausewitz|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria=Gallimard|annus= 1976}} === Postumae === * {{opus|titulus=Une histoire du XXe siècle, anthologie|locus=Paris |domus editoria=Plon|annus= 1996}} * {{opus|auctor1=Raymondus Aron|auctor2=[[Ludovicus Séchan]]|titulus=Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire|locus=Parisiis|domus editoria=Éditions de Fallois|annus=1997|isbn=2-253-90536-4}} * {{opus|titulus=Aron, critique de Sartre : Textes rassemblés et commentés par Perrine Simon-Nahum|locus= Parisiis|domus editoria= Calmann-Lévy|collectio=Bibliothèque Raymond Aron|paginae=350|annus= 2025 |isbn=978-2702191644}} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Raymond Aron|Raymondum Aron}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{Lifetime|1905|1983|Aron, Raymondus}} [[Categoria:Agnostici]] [[Categoria:Politologi]] [[Categoria:Sectatores Franciae liberae]] [[Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]] [[Categoria:Professores apud Collegium Franciae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Moralium et Politicarum]] [[Categoria:Socii Academiae Artium et Scientiarum Americanae]] [[Categoria:Professores Scholae Studiorum ad Scientias Sociales Superiorum (Lutetia)]] [[Categoria:Professores Instituti Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiensis]] [[Categoria:Philosophi]] [[Categoria:Alumni Lycei Condorcet]] [[Categoria:Alumni Scholae Normalis Superioris (Lutetia)]] [[Categoria:Sociologi]] 0dtidyljxkfqq883o9e8i6crv7qdri6 Disputatio:Raymondus Aron 1 329235 3993257 2026-10-06T20:21:53Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3993257 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Raymond Aron|240052113}} mm7ep4k7o1npg6h7wna2ljnh35d81z7 Nortmoor 0 329236 3993273 2026-10-06T21:56:14Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Nortmoor]] ad [[Nordtmor]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3993273 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Nordtmor]] pfqyhyvh7guabmhajf69e71tbos0z9r Theodorus Kaczynski 0 329237 3993303 2026-10-07T00:28:07Z Bartholomite 116968 nova 3993303 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Theodorus Ioannes Kaczynski}} (vulgo ''Ted''; natus [[Sicagum|Sicagi]] die [[22 Maii]] [[1942]]; mortuus [[carcer]]is Durhami die [[10 Iunii]] [[2023]]) fuit [[mathematicus]] [[CFA|Americanus]]. Ob [[tromocratia|terrorismum domesticum]] magis notus est. Alumnus universitatum [[Universitas Harvardiana|Harvardianae]] [[Universitas Michiganensis|Michiganensisque]] et professor universitatum Michiganensis [[Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis|Californiensisque Berkeleiensis]] fuit. Anno [[1971]] vitam academicam reliquit et in casam remotam in Montana migravit. Ab anno [[1978]] ad annum [[1995]] [[bomba]]s per [[cursus publicus|cursualem publicum]] misit ad tromocratiam incutiendum; quo facto tres [[homicidium|necavit]] et viginti tres vulneravit. Postquam scriptum suum ''Industrial Society and its Future'' promulgavit, comprehensus est et in carcerem damnatus. == Scripta == * [[1964]]: Another Proof of Wedderburn's Theorem. ''American Mathematical Monthly, 71''(6): 652–653. * [[1967]]: ''Boundary Functions'' * [[1969]]: The Set of Curvilinear Convergence of a Continuous Function Defined in the Interior of a Cube. ''Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 23''(2): 323–327. * [[1995]]: ''Industrial Society and its Future'' ('Societas industrialis eiusque futurum') ISBN 979-8636242437. * [[2008]]: ''Technological Slavery'' ('Servitus technologica') ISBN 978-1944228019. * [[2016]]: ''Anti-Tech Revolution'' ('Revolutio contra technologiam') == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ted Kaczynski|Theodorum Kaczynski}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://editions-hache.com/essais/pdf/kaczynski2.pdf ''Industrial Society and its Future''] * [https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/unabomber De Theodoro Kaczynski] apud [[officium foederale investigatorium]] {{Anni vitae|1942|2023|Kaczynski, Theodorus}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Harvardianae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Michiganensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Californiensis Berkeleiensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Michiganensis]] [[Categoria:Tromocratia]] irkbvdshd9z11ufysy7nl0uh3cku5wg 3993304 3993303 2026-10-07T00:30:03Z Bartholomite 116968 /* Nexus externi */ 3993304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Theodorus Ioannes Kaczynski}} (vulgo ''Ted''; natus [[Sicagum|Sicagi]] die [[22 Maii]] [[1942]]; mortuus [[carcer]]is Durhami die [[10 Iunii]] [[2023]]) fuit [[mathematicus]] [[CFA|Americanus]]. Ob [[tromocratia|terrorismum domesticum]] magis notus est. Alumnus universitatum [[Universitas Harvardiana|Harvardianae]] [[Universitas Michiganensis|Michiganensisque]] et professor universitatum Michiganensis [[Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis|Californiensisque Berkeleiensis]] fuit. Anno [[1971]] vitam academicam reliquit et in casam remotam in Montana migravit. Ab anno [[1978]] ad annum [[1995]] [[bomba]]s per [[cursus publicus|cursualem publicum]] misit ad tromocratiam incutiendum; quo facto tres [[homicidium|necavit]] et viginti tres vulneravit. Postquam scriptum suum ''Industrial Society and its Future'' promulgavit, comprehensus est et in carcerem damnatus. == Scripta == * [[1964]]: Another Proof of Wedderburn's Theorem. ''American Mathematical Monthly, 71''(6): 652–653. * [[1967]]: ''Boundary Functions'' * [[1969]]: The Set of Curvilinear Convergence of a Continuous Function Defined in the Interior of a Cube. ''Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 23''(2): 323–327. * [[1995]]: ''Industrial Society and its Future'' ('Societas industrialis eiusque futurum') ISBN 979-8636242437. * [[2008]]: ''Technological Slavery'' ('Servitus technologica') ISBN 978-1944228019. * [[2016]]: ''Anti-Tech Revolution'' ('Revolutio contra technologiam') == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ted Kaczynski|Theodorum Kaczynski}} * [https://editions-hache.com/essais/pdf/kaczynski2.pdf ''Industrial Society and its Future''] * [https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/unabomber De Theodoro Kaczynski] apud [[officium foederale investigatorium]] {{Anni vitae|1942|2023|Kaczynski, Theodorus}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Harvardianae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Michiganensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Californiensis Berkeleiensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Michiganensis]] [[Categoria:Tromocratia]] q2d49fmw4vhzyuhdttdt3rwdhw651jz 3993305 3993304 2026-10-07T00:32:09Z Bartholomite 116968 3993305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Theodorus Ioannes Kaczynski}} (vulgo ''Ted''; natus [[Sicagum|Sicagi]] die [[22 Maii]] [[1942]]; mortuus [[carcer]]is Durhami die [[10 Iunii]] [[2023]]) fuit [[mathematicus]] [[CFA|Americanus]]. Ob [[tromocratia|terrorismum domesticum]] magis notus est et {{res|Unabomber}} appellatur. Alumnus universitatum [[Universitas Harvardiana|Harvardianae]] [[Universitas Michiganensis|Michiganensisque]] et professor universitatum Michiganensis [[Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis|Californiensisque Berkeleiensis]] fuit. Anno [[1971]] vitam academicam reliquit et in casam remotam in Montana migravit. Ab anno [[1978]] ad annum [[1995]] [[bomba]]s per [[cursus publicus|cursualem publicum]] misit ad tromocratiam incutiendum; quo facto tres [[homicidium|necavit]] et viginti tres vulneravit. Postquam scriptum suum ''Industrial Society and its Future'' promulgavit, comprehensus est et in carcerem damnatus. == Scripta == * [[1964]]: Another Proof of Wedderburn's Theorem. ''American Mathematical Monthly, 71''(6): 652–653. * [[1967]]: ''Boundary Functions'' * [[1969]]: The Set of Curvilinear Convergence of a Continuous Function Defined in the Interior of a Cube. ''Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 23''(2): 323–327. * [[1995]]: ''Industrial Society and its Future'' ('Societas industrialis eiusque futurum') ISBN 979-8636242437. * [[2008]]: ''Technological Slavery'' ('Servitus technologica') ISBN 978-1944228019. * [[2016]]: ''Anti-Tech Revolution'' ('Revolutio contra technologiam') == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Ted Kaczynski|Theodorum Kaczynski}} * [https://editions-hache.com/essais/pdf/kaczynski2.pdf ''Industrial Society and its Future''] * [https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/unabomber De Theodoro Kaczynski] apud [[officium foederale investigatorium]] {{Anni vitae|1942|2023|Kaczynski, Theodorus}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Harvardianae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Michiganensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Californiensis Berkeleiensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Michiganensis]] [[Categoria:Tromocratia]] 8beir6a2kz6h3ch5558osmqgaqo0c8x Raoul Wallenberg 0 329238 3993307 2026-10-07T00:44:16Z Bartholomite 116968 Bartholomite movit paginam [[Raoul Wallenberg]] ad [[Radulphus Wallenberg]]: latine 3993307 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Radulphus Wallenberg]] 2vcjhu19j31vlknib4txr4qpy4e4j4f Laetabundus rediit 0 329239 3993317 2026-10-07T04:16:06Z Grufo 64423 Redirectionem ad “[[Letabundus rediit]]” creavi 3993317 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Letabundus rediit]] 36usxk1tlwbwlyg4trwbe4eqqyz8wtd Georgius Audollent 0 329240 3993322 2026-10-07T07:52:02Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio e francica documentatione 3993322 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Georgius Maria Eugenius Audollent}} ([[Francogallice]] ''Georges-Marie-Eugène Audollent'', natus [[Lutetia]]e die [[18 Maii]] [[1867]]; mortuus [[Blesae|Blesarum]] die [[9 Novembris]] [[1944]]) fuit [[episcopus]] [[Dioecesis Blesensis]] ab anno 1925 usque ad mortem. == Biographia == Frater [[latinista]]e et [[archeologus|archeologi]] [[Augustus Audollent|Augusti Audollent]], in seminarium Sancti Sulpicii ingressus est atque studia sua in seminario apud [[Issy-les-Moulineaux]] prosecutus est. Sacerdos [[Archidioecesis Parisiensis]] die [[20 Septembris]] [[1890]] ordinatus est. Ministerium in variis parochiis Parisiorum egit. Nominatus episcopus [[Dioecesis Blesensis]] die [[15 Maii]] [[1925]], consecratus est die [[16 Iulii]] a cardinali [[Ludovicus Ernestus Dubois|Ludovico Ernesto Dubois]]. Fuit coconsecrator [[Petrus Petit de Julleville|Petri Petit de Juleville]], fratris uxoris Augusti, die [[29 Septembris]] [[1927]]. == Nexus externus == {{Fontes biographici}} * {{CathHierBishop|audol}} == Notae == <references /> {{bio-stipula}} {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Lifetime|1867|1944|Audollent, Georgius}} [[Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] [[Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses]] 4gu1ui2ew8p7nruo7n370ugo0slbgn1 3993323 3993322 2026-10-07T07:54:05Z Pippobuono 54500 ref nominis 3993323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Georgius Maria Eugenius Audollent}} ([[Francogallice]] ''Georges-Marie-Eugène Audollent'',<ref>{{CathHierBishop|audol}}</ref> natus [[Lutetia]]e die [[18 Maii]] [[1867]]; mortuus [[Blesae|Blesarum]] die [[9 Novembris]] [[1944]]) fuit [[episcopus]] [[Dioecesis Blesensis]] ab anno 1925 usque ad mortem. == Biographia == Frater [[latinista]]e et [[archeologus|archeologi]] [[Augustus Audollent|Augusti Audollent]], in seminarium Sancti Sulpicii ingressus est atque studia sua in seminario apud [[Issy-les-Moulineaux]] prosecutus est. Sacerdos [[Archidioecesis Parisiensis]] die [[20 Septembris]] [[1890]] ordinatus est. Ministerium in variis parochiis Parisiorum egit. Nominatus episcopus [[Dioecesis Blesensis]] die [[15 Maii]] [[1925]], consecratus est die [[16 Iulii]] a cardinali [[Ludovicus Ernestus Dubois|Ludovico Ernesto Dubois]]. Fuit coconsecrator [[Petrus Petit de Julleville|Petri Petit de Juleville]], fratris uxoris Augusti, die [[29 Septembris]] [[1927]]. == Nexus externus == {{Fontes biographici}} * {{CathHierBishop|audol}} == Notae == <references /> {{bio-stipula}} {{Episcopi Blesenses}} {{Lifetime|1867|1944|Audollent, Georgius}} [[Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] [[Categoria:Episcopi Blesenses]] 02v663hkbx3w2pwfgwgbvzuml0neumq