Wikipedia lgwiki https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olupapula_Olusooka MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.12 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3694 65424 22684 2026-07-29T10:28:36Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366363347|Adolf Hitler]]" 65424 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Hitler'''(20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya {{Lang|de|Führer und Reichskanzler}} mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda 1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali yeenyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafiirwa . 01sj8ff9gn20r4azun06a22vk35tq1t 65425 65424 2026-07-29T10:30:05Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366363347|Adolf Hitler]]" 65425 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Hitler'''(20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya {{Lang|de|Führer und Reichskanzler}} mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali y'enyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafa. 3o82pn3uv6koh0ihyu6rbnzacb3o1a6 65426 65425 2026-07-29T10:37:44Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366363347|Adolf Hitler]]" 65426 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Hitler'''(20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya {{Lang|de|Führer und Reichskanzler}} mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali y'enyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafa. Hitler yazaalibwa mu Braunau am Inn mu Austria-Hungary era n’agenda e Girimaani mu 1913. Yayooyootebwa mu kiseera we yaweereza mu magye ga Girimaani mu Ssematalo I, n'afuna omusaalaba ogw'ekyuma (Iron Cross). Mu 1919, y'egatta ku kibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany Workers’ Party (DAP), ekyasooka ekibiina ky’Abanazi, era mu 1921, n’alondebwa okuba omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi. Mu 1923, yagezaako okuwamba obuyinza bwa gavumenti mu kuwamba gavumenti okwalemererwa mu Munich era n’asibwa emyaka etaano, n’amala omwaka mulamba n’okusoba. Ng’ali eyo, yalagira omuzingo ogusooka ogw’ekitabo kye eky’obulamu bwe ne manifesito y’ebyobufuzi ''Mein Kampf'' ( lit. 'My Struggle'). Oluvannyuma lw’okuyimbulwa nga bukyali mu 1924, yafuna obuwagizi bw’abantu ng’alumba Endagaano y'e Versailles awamu n’okutumbula enzikiriza ya Bugirimaani yonna, okulwanyisa Abayudaaya, n’okulwanyisa Obwanaakalyakaani ng’akozesa okwogera okw’amaanyi ne ppokoppoko w’Abanazi . Yateranga okuvumirira Obwanaakalyakaani ng'olumu ku lukwe lw'Abayudaaya olw'ensi yonna . e7fneapikn6hqili6xxy7ois8ymir5g 65427 65426 2026-07-29T10:45:20Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366363347|Adolf Hitler]]" 65427 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Hitler'''(20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya {{Lang|de|Führer und Reichskanzler}} mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali y'enyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafa. Hitler yazaalibwa mu Braunau am Inn mu Austria-Hungary era n’agenda e Girimaani mu 1913. Yayooyootebwa mu kiseera we yaweereza mu magye ga Girimaani mu Ssematalo I, n'afuna omusaalaba ogw'ekyuma (Iron Cross). Mu 1919, y'egatta ku kibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany Workers’ Party (DAP), ekyasooka ekibiina ky’Abanazi, era mu 1921, n’alondebwa okuba omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi. Mu 1923, yagezaako okuwamba obuyinza bwa gavumenti mu kuwamba gavumenti okwalemererwa mu Munich era n’asibwa emyaka etaano, n’amala omwaka mulamba n’okusoba. Ng’ali eyo, yalagira omuzingo ogusooka ogw’ekitabo kye eky’obulamu bwe ne manifesito y’ebyobufuzi ''Mein Kampf'' ( lit. 'My Struggle'). Oluvannyuma lw’okuyimbulwa nga bukyali mu 1924, yafuna obuwagizi bw’abantu ng’alumba Endagaano y'e Versailles awamu n’okutumbula enzikiriza ya Bugirimaani yonna, okulwanyisa Abayudaaya, n’okulwanyisa Obwanaakalyakaani ng’akozesa okwogera okw’amaanyi ne ppokoppoko w’Abanazi . Yateranga okuvumirira Obwanaakalyakaani ng'olumu ku lukwe lw'Abayudaaya olw'ensi yonna . Oluvannyuma lw’okulonda mu Reichstag mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1932, ekibiina ky’Abanazi kye kyasinga okubeera n’ebifo mu ''Reichstag'', naye nga si kyekisinga ababaka abangi. Oluvannyuma, eyali chancellor Franz von Papen ne bannabyabufuzi abalala abakuumaddembe baamatiza Pulezidenti Paul von Hindenburg okulonda Hitler ku bwa chancellor nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye 1933. Nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, nga 23 Ogwokusatu, ''Reichstag'' yayisa etteeka li Enabling Act erya 1933, era ku nkomerero ne litandika okukyusa Weimar Republic n’efuuka Bugirimaani ey’Abanazi. Hindenburg bwe yafa nga 2 Ogwomunaana 1934, Hitler yamusikira n’afuuka omukulembeze w’eggwanga era oluvannyuma Girimaani n’efuuka eggwanga ly'obwannakyemalira mu bujjuvu. Mu ggwanga, Hitler yatandika okussa mu nkola enkola nnyingi ez’obusosoze mu mawanga, ezaali zisuula Abayudaaya Abagirimaani ku bbali n’okubafuula embuzi ey’ekiweebwayo . Emyaka gye omukaaga egyasooka mu buyinza gyavaamu ebyenfuna okutereera amangu okuva mu kiseera ky’okusereba kw’eby’enfuna, okusazaamu obukwakkulizo obwateekebwa ku Bugirimaani oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I, n’okwegatta kw’ebitundu ebyalimu obukadde n’obukadde bw’Abagirimaani ab’amawanga, ekyamuwa obuwagizi obw’amaanyi mu kusooka. fh2bp6ija4wfyv50zai7z7x2q2b6bwm 65428 65427 2026-07-29T10:49:16Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366363347|Adolf Hitler]]" 65428 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Hitler'''(20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya {{Lang|de|Führer und Reichskanzler}} mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali y'enyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafa. Hitler yazaalibwa mu Braunau am Inn mu Austria-Hungary era n’agenda e Girimaani mu 1913. Yayooyootebwa mu kiseera we yaweereza mu magye ga Girimaani mu Ssematalo I, n'afuna omusaalaba ogw'ekyuma (Iron Cross). Mu 1919, y'egatta ku kibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany Workers’ Party (DAP), ekyasooka ekibiina ky’Abanazi, era mu 1921, n’alondebwa okuba omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi. Mu 1923, yagezaako okuwamba obuyinza bwa gavumenti mu kuwamba gavumenti okwalemererwa mu Munich era n’asibwa emyaka etaano, n’amala omwaka mulamba n’okusoba. Ng’ali eyo, yalagira omuzingo ogusooka ogw’ekitabo kye eky’obulamu bwe ne manifesito y’ebyobufuzi ''Mein Kampf'' ( lit. 'My Struggle'). Oluvannyuma lw’okuyimbulwa nga bukyali mu 1924, yafuna obuwagizi bw’abantu ng’alumba Endagaano y'e Versailles awamu n’okutumbula enzikiriza ya Bugirimaani yonna, okulwanyisa Abayudaaya, n’okulwanyisa Obwanaakalyakaani ng’akozesa okwogera okw’amaanyi ne ppokoppoko w’Abanazi . Yateranga okuvumirira Obwanaakalyakaani ng'olumu ku lukwe lw'Abayudaaya olw'ensi yonna . Oluvannyuma lw’okulonda mu Reichstag mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1932, ekibiina ky’Abanazi kye kyasinga okubeera n’ebifo mu ''Reichstag'', naye nga si kyekisinga ababaka abangi. Oluvannyuma, eyali chancellor Franz von Papen ne bannabyabufuzi abalala abakuumaddembe baamatiza Pulezidenti Paul von Hindenburg okulonda Hitler ku bwa chancellor nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye 1933. Nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, nga 23 Ogwokusatu, ''Reichstag'' yayisa etteeka li Enabling Act erya 1933, era ku nkomerero ne litandika okukyusa Weimar Republic n’efuuka Bugirimaani ey’Abanazi. Hindenburg bwe yafa nga 2 Ogwomunaana 1934, Hitler yamusikira n’afuuka omukulembeze w’eggwanga era oluvannyuma Girimaani n’efuuka eggwanga ly'obwannakyemalira mu bujjuvu. Mu ggwanga, Hitler yatandika okussa mu nkola enkola nnyingi ez’obusosoze mu mawanga, ezaali zisuula Abayudaaya Abagirimaani ku bbali n’okubafuula embuzi ey’ekiweebwayo . Emyaka gye omukaaga egyasooka mu buyinza gyavaamu ebyenfuna okutereera amangu okuva mu kiseera ky’okusereba kw’ebyenfuna, okusazaamu obukwakkulizo obwateekebwa ku Bugirimaani oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I, n’okuwamba ebitundu ebyalimu obukadde n’obukadde bw’Abagirimaani, ekyamuwa obuwagizi obw’amaanyi mu kusooka. 5e8d67875h3m2o7l0xyzftcd0632uph 65430 65428 2026-07-29T10:55:37Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366363347|Adolf Hitler]]" 65430 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Hitler'''(20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya {{Lang|de|Führer und Reichskanzler}} mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali y'enyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafa. Hitler yazaalibwa mu Braunau am Inn mu Austria-Hungary era n’agenda e Girimaani mu 1913. Yayooyootebwa mu kiseera we yaweereza mu magye ga Girimaani mu Ssematalo I, n'afuna omusaalaba ogw'ekyuma (Iron Cross). Mu 1919, y'egatta ku kibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany Workers’ Party (DAP), ekyasooka ekibiina ky’Abanazi, era mu 1921, n’alondebwa okuba omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi. Mu 1923, yagezaako okuwamba obuyinza bwa gavumenti mu kuwamba gavumenti okwalemererwa mu Munich era n’asibwa emyaka etaano, n’amala omwaka mulamba n’okusoba. Ng’ali eyo, yalagira omuzingo ogusooka ogw’ekitabo kye eky’obulamu bwe ne manifesito y’ebyobufuzi ''Mein Kampf'' ( lit. 'My Struggle'). Oluvannyuma lw’okuyimbulwa nga bukyali mu 1924, yafuna obuwagizi bw’abantu ng’alumba Endagaano y'e Versailles awamu n’okutumbula enzikiriza ya Bugirimaani yonna, okulwanyisa Abayudaaya, n’okulwanyisa Obwanaakalyakaani ng’akozesa okwogera okw’amaanyi ne ppokoppoko w’Abanazi . Yateranga okuvumirira Obwanaakalyakaani ng'olumu ku lukwe lw'Abayudaaya olw'ensi yonna . Oluvannyuma lw’okulonda mu Reichstag mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1932, ekibiina ky’Abanazi kye kyasinga okubeera n’ebifo mu ''Reichstag'', naye nga si kyekisinga ababaka abangi. Oluvannyuma, eyali chancellor Franz von Papen ne bannabyabufuzi abalala abakuumaddembe baamatiza Pulezidenti Paul von Hindenburg okulonda Hitler ku bwa chancellor nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye 1933. Nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, nga 23 Ogwokusatu, ''Reichstag'' yayisa etteeka li Enabling Act erya 1933, era ku nkomerero ne litandika okukyusa Weimar Republic n’efuuka Bugirimaani ey’Abanazi. Hindenburg bwe yafa nga 2 Ogwomunaana 1934, Hitler yamusikira n’afuuka omukulembeze w’eggwanga era oluvannyuma Girimaani n’efuuka eggwanga ly'obwannakyemalira mu bujjuvu. Mu ggwanga, Hitler yatandika okussa mu nkola enkola nnyingi ez’obusosoze mu mawanga, ezaali zisuula Abayudaaya Abagirimaani ku bbali n’okubafuula embuzi ey’ekiweebwayo . Emyaka gye omukaaga egyasooka mu buyinza gyavaamu ebyenfuna okutereera amangu okuva mu kiseera ky’okusereba kw’ebyenfuna, okusazaamu obukwakkulizo obwateekebwa ku Bugirimaani oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I, n’okuwamba ebitundu ebyalimu obukadde n’obukadde bw’Abagirimaani, ekyamuwa obuwagizi obw’amaanyi mu kusooka. Ekimu ku biruubirirwa bya Hitler ebikulu kyali {{Lang|de|[[Lebensraum]]}} ( lit. 'Owokubeera') eri abantu b'e Girimaani mu Bulaaya ey'Ebuvanjuba. Enkola ye ey’obukambwe, ey’okugaziya okusukka ensalo za Girimaani zitwalibwa okuba ng’ensonga enkulu ezavaako Ssematalo II mu Bulaaya. Nga 1 Ogwomwenda 1939, Hitler yalabirira okulumba kwa Girimaani ku Poland, bwe kityo ne kireetera Bungereza ne Bufalansa okulangirira olutalo ku Bugirimaani . Oluvannyuma lw’okulagira okulumba Soviet Union mu Jjuuni 1941, yalangirira olutalo ku Amerika mu Ddesemba w’omwaka gwe gumu. Ku nkomerero ya 1941, amagye ga Girimaani n’amawanga ga Bulaaya agayitibwa European Axis gaawamba ekitundu ekisinga obunene ekya Bulaaya ne North Africa . Amagoba gano gaaddamu mpolampola oluvannyuma lwa 1941 okutuusa amagye g’omukago lwe gaawangula amagye ga Girimaani mu 1945. Nga 29 April 1945, Hitler yawasa munne gwe yali amaze naye ebbanga, Eva Braun, mu {{Lang|de|[[Führerbunker]]}} mu kibuga Berlin. Enkeera beetuga okwewala okukwatibwa amagye ga Soviet Red Army . dgtok9cleuy2zszpacm8vu29pbv7dl8 65432 65430 2026-07-29T11:00:33Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366363347|Adolf Hitler]]" 65432 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Hitler'''(20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya {{Lang|de|Führer und Reichskanzler}} mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali y'enyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafa. Hitler yazaalibwa mu Braunau am Inn mu Austria-Hungary era n’agenda e Girimaani mu 1913. Yayooyootebwa mu kiseera we yaweereza mu magye ga Girimaani mu Ssematalo I, n'afuna omusaalaba ogw'ekyuma (Iron Cross). Mu 1919, y'egatta ku kibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany Workers’ Party (DAP), ekyasooka ekibiina ky’Abanazi, era mu 1921, n’alondebwa okuba omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi. Mu 1923, yagezaako okuwamba obuyinza bwa gavumenti mu kuwamba gavumenti okwalemererwa mu Munich era n’asibwa emyaka etaano, n’amala omwaka mulamba n’okusoba. Ng’ali eyo, yalagira omuzingo ogusooka ogw’ekitabo kye eky’obulamu bwe ne manifesito y’ebyobufuzi ''Mein Kampf'' ( lit. 'My Struggle'). Oluvannyuma lw’okuyimbulwa nga bukyali mu 1924, yafuna obuwagizi bw’abantu ng’alumba Endagaano y'e Versailles awamu n’okutumbula enzikiriza ya Bugirimaani yonna, okulwanyisa Abayudaaya, n’okulwanyisa Obwanaakalyakaani ng’akozesa okwogera okw’amaanyi ne ppokoppoko w’Abanazi . Yateranga okuvumirira Obwanaakalyakaani ng'olumu ku lukwe lw'Abayudaaya olw'ensi yonna . Oluvannyuma lw’okulonda mu Reichstag mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1932, ekibiina ky’Abanazi kye kyasinga okubeera n’ebifo mu ''Reichstag'', naye nga si kyekisinga ababaka abangi. Oluvannyuma, eyali chancellor Franz von Papen ne bannabyabufuzi abalala abakuumaddembe baamatiza Pulezidenti Paul von Hindenburg okulonda Hitler ku bwa chancellor nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye 1933. Nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, nga 23 Ogwokusatu, ''Reichstag'' yayisa etteeka li Enabling Act erya 1933, era ku nkomerero ne litandika okukyusa Weimar Republic n’efuuka Bugirimaani ey’Abanazi. Hindenburg bwe yafa nga 2 Ogwomunaana 1934, Hitler yamusikira n’afuuka omukulembeze w’eggwanga era oluvannyuma Girimaani n’efuuka eggwanga ly'obwannakyemalira mu bujjuvu. Mu ggwanga, Hitler yatandika okussa mu nkola enkola nnyingi ez’obusosoze mu mawanga, ezaali zisuula Abayudaaya Abagirimaani ku bbali n’okubafuula embuzi ey’ekiweebwayo . Emyaka gye omukaaga egyasooka mu buyinza gyavaamu ebyenfuna okutereera amangu okuva mu kiseera ky’okusereba kw’ebyenfuna, okusazaamu obukwakkulizo obwateekebwa ku Bugirimaani oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I, n’okuwamba ebitundu ebyalimu obukadde n’obukadde bw’Abagirimaani, ekyamuwa obuwagizi obw’amaanyi mu kusooka. Ekimu ku biruubirirwa bya Hitler ebikulu kyali {{Lang|de|[[Lebensraum]]}} ( lit. 'Owokubeera') eri abantu b'e Girimaani mu Bulaaya ey'Ebuvanjuba. Enkola ye ey’obukambwe, ey’okugaziya okusukka ensalo za Girimaani zitwalibwa okuba ng’ensonga enkulu ezavaako Ssematalo II mu Bulaaya. Nga 1 Ogwomwenda 1939, Hitler yalabirira okulumba kwa Girimaani ku Poland, bwe kityo ne kireetera Bungereza ne Bufalansa okulangirira olutalo ku Bugirimaani . Oluvannyuma lw’okulagira okulumba Soviet Union mu Gwomukaaga 1941, yalangirira olutalo ku Amerika mu Gwekkumineebiri w’omwaka gwe gumu. Ku nkomerero ya 1941, amagye ga Girimaani n’amawanga ga Bulaaya agayitibwa European Axis gaawamba ekitundu ekisinga obunene ekya Bulaaya n'obukiika kkono bw'Afirika . Obuwanguzi buno bwaddizibwayo mpolampola oluvannyuma lwa 1941 okutuusa amagye g’omukago lwe gaawangula amagye ga Girimaani mu 1945. Nga 29 Ogwokuna 1945, Hitler yawasa munne gwe yali amaze naye ebbanga, Eva Braun, mu {{Lang|de|[[Führerbunker]]}} mu kibuga Berlin. Enkeera beetuga okwewala okukwatibwa amagye ga Soviet Red Army. d4y2ayi1raxhhw9vufe5qds60uyrxlb 65433 65432 2026-07-29T11:06:55Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366363347|Adolf Hitler]]" 65433 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Hitler'''(20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya {{Lang|de|Führer und Reichskanzler}} mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali y'enyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafa. Hitler yazaalibwa mu Braunau am Inn mu Austria-Hungary era n’agenda e Girimaani mu 1913. Yayooyootebwa mu kiseera we yaweereza mu magye ga Girimaani mu Ssematalo I, n'afuna omusaalaba ogw'ekyuma (Iron Cross). Mu 1919, y'egatta ku kibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany Workers’ Party (DAP), ekyasooka ekibiina ky’Abanazi, era mu 1921, n’alondebwa okuba omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi. Mu 1923, yagezaako okuwamba obuyinza bwa gavumenti mu kuwamba gavumenti okwalemererwa mu Munich era n’asibwa emyaka etaano, n’amala omwaka mulamba n’okusoba. Ng’ali eyo, yalagira omuzingo ogusooka ogw’ekitabo kye eky’obulamu bwe ne manifesito y’ebyobufuzi ''Mein Kampf'' ( lit. 'My Struggle'). Oluvannyuma lw’okuyimbulwa nga bukyali mu 1924, yafuna obuwagizi bw’abantu ng’alumba Endagaano y'e Versailles awamu n’okutumbula enzikiriza ya Bugirimaani yonna, okulwanyisa Abayudaaya, n’okulwanyisa Obwanaakalyakaani ng’akozesa okwogera okw’amaanyi ne ppokoppoko w’Abanazi . Yateranga okuvumirira Obwanaakalyakaani ng'olumu ku lukwe lw'Abayudaaya olw'ensi yonna . Oluvannyuma lw’okulonda mu Reichstag mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1932, ekibiina ky’Abanazi kye kyasinga okubeera n’ebifo mu ''Reichstag'', naye nga si kyekisinga ababaka abangi. Oluvannyuma, eyali chancellor Franz von Papen ne bannabyabufuzi abalala abakuumaddembe baamatiza Pulezidenti Paul von Hindenburg okulonda Hitler ku bwa chancellor nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye 1933. Nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, nga 23 Ogwokusatu, ''Reichstag'' yayisa etteeka li Enabling Act erya 1933, era ku nkomerero ne litandika okukyusa Weimar Republic n’efuuka Bugirimaani ey’Abanazi. Hindenburg bwe yafa nga 2 Ogwomunaana 1934, Hitler yamusikira n’afuuka omukulembeze w’eggwanga era oluvannyuma Girimaani n’efuuka eggwanga ly'obwannakyemalira mu bujjuvu. Mu ggwanga, Hitler yatandika okussa mu nkola enkola nnyingi ez’obusosoze mu mawanga, ezaali zisuula Abayudaaya Abagirimaani ku bbali n’okubafuula embuzi ey’ekiweebwayo . Emyaka gye omukaaga egyasooka mu buyinza gyavaamu ebyenfuna okutereera amangu okuva mu kiseera ky’okusereba kw’ebyenfuna, okusazaamu obukwakkulizo obwateekebwa ku Bugirimaani oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I, n’okuwamba ebitundu ebyalimu obukadde n’obukadde bw’Abagirimaani, ekyamuwa obuwagizi obw’amaanyi mu kusooka. Ekimu ku biruubirirwa bya Hitler ebikulu kyali {{Lang|de|[[Lebensraum]]}} ( lit. 'Owokubeera') eri abantu b'e Girimaani mu Bulaaya ey'Ebuvanjuba. Enkola ye ey’obukambwe, ey’okugaziya okusukka ensalo za Girimaani zitwalibwa okuba ng’ensonga enkulu ezavaako Ssematalo II mu Bulaaya. Nga 1 Ogwomwenda 1939, Hitler yalabirira okulumba kwa Girimaani ku Poland, bwe kityo ne kireetera Bungereza ne Bufalansa okulangirira olutalo ku Bugirimaani . Oluvannyuma lw’okulagira okulumba Soviet Union mu Gwomukaaga 1941, yalangirira olutalo ku Amerika mu Gwekkumineebiri w’omwaka gwe gumu. Ku nkomerero ya 1941, amagye ga Girimaani n’amawanga ga Bulaaya agayitibwa European Axis gaawamba ekitundu ekisinga obunene ekya Bulaaya n'obukiika kkono bw'Afirika . Obuwanguzi buno bwaddizibwayo mpolampola oluvannyuma lwa 1941 okutuusa amagye g’omukago lwe gaawangula amagye ga Girimaani mu 1945. Nga 29 Ogwokuna 1945, Hitler yawasa munne gwe yali amaze naye ebbanga, Eva Braun, mu {{Lang|de|[[Führerbunker]]}} mu kibuga Berlin. Enkeera beetuga okwewala okukwatibwa amagye ga Soviet Red Army. Munnabyafaayo era omuwandiisi w'emikululo gy'obulamu bwabantu Ian Kershaw yayogera ku Hitler nga "omusingi gw'ebyobufuzi ebibi eby'omulembe guno". Mu bukulembeze bwa Hitler n’endowooza y’obusosoze mu mawanga, gavumenti y’Abanazi ye yali evunaanyizibwa ku kittabantu ky’Abayudaaya ababalirirwamu obukadde mukaaga n’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaakosebwa, ye n’abagoberezi be baali batwala nti {{Lang|de|[[Untermensch]]en}} ( lit. ' si bantu' ) oba abatasaana kubeera mu bantu. Hitler n’Abanazi nabo be baali bavunaanyizibwa ku kutta abantu ababalirirwamu 19.3 mu bugenderevu&nbsp;obukadde bw’abantu baabulijjo n’abasibe b’olutalo. Okugatta ku ekyo, 28.7&nbsp;obukadde bw'abajaasi n'abantu baabulijjo baafa olw'ebikolwa by'amagye mu katemba w'Abazungu . Omuwendo gw’abantu baabulijjo abattibwa mu Ssematalo II gwali tegubangawo mu lutalo, era abantu abaafiiridde mu lutalo luno lufudde olutalo olusinga okutta abantu mu byafaayo . 9zqsoaqs1d4nd5at6epf14wfjorbclz 65434 65433 2026-07-29T11:13:46Z Charles Kalanzi 9748 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366363347|Adolf Hitler]]" 65434 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Adolf Hitler'''(20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya {{Lang|de|Führer und Reichskanzler}} mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali y'enyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafa. Hitler yazaalibwa mu Braunau am Inn mu Austria-Hungary era n’agenda e Girimaani mu 1913. Yayooyootebwa mu kiseera we yaweereza mu magye ga Girimaani mu Ssematalo I, n'afuna omusaalaba ogw'ekyuma (Iron Cross). Mu 1919, y'egatta ku kibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany Workers’ Party (DAP), ekyasooka ekibiina ky’Abanazi, era mu 1921, n’alondebwa okuba omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi. Mu 1923, yagezaako okuwamba obuyinza bwa gavumenti mu kuwamba gavumenti okwalemererwa mu Munich era n’asibwa emyaka etaano, n’amala omwaka mulamba n’okusoba. Ng’ali eyo, yalagira omuzingo ogusooka ogw’ekitabo kye eky’obulamu bwe ne manifesito y’ebyobufuzi ''Mein Kampf'' ( lit. 'My Struggle'). Oluvannyuma lw’okuyimbulwa nga bukyali mu 1924, yafuna obuwagizi bw’abantu ng’alumba Endagaano y'e Versailles awamu n’okutumbula enzikiriza ya Bugirimaani yonna, okulwanyisa Abayudaaya, n’okulwanyisa Obwanaakalyakaani ng’akozesa okwogera okw’amaanyi ne ppokoppoko w’Abanazi . Yateranga okuvumirira Obwanaakalyakaani ng'olumu ku lukwe lw'Abayudaaya olw'ensi yonna . Oluvannyuma lw’okulonda mu Reichstag mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1932, ekibiina ky’Abanazi kye kyasinga okubeera n’ebifo mu ''Reichstag'', naye nga si kyekisinga ababaka abangi. Oluvannyuma, eyali chancellor Franz von Papen ne bannabyabufuzi abalala abakuumaddembe baamatiza Pulezidenti Paul von Hindenburg okulonda Hitler ku bwa chancellor nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye 1933. Nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, nga 23 Ogwokusatu, ''Reichstag'' yayisa etteeka li Enabling Act erya 1933, era ku nkomerero ne litandika okukyusa Weimar Republic n’efuuka Bugirimaani ey’Abanazi. Hindenburg bwe yafa nga 2 Ogwomunaana 1934, Hitler yamusikira n’afuuka omukulembeze w’eggwanga era oluvannyuma Girimaani n’efuuka eggwanga ly'obwannakyemalira mu bujjuvu. Mu ggwanga, Hitler yatandika okussa mu nkola enkola nnyingi ez’obusosoze mu mawanga, ezaali zisuula Abayudaaya Abagirimaani ku bbali n’okubafuula embuzi ey’ekiweebwayo . Emyaka gye omukaaga egyasooka mu buyinza gyavaamu ebyenfuna okutereera amangu okuva mu kiseera ky’okusereba kw’ebyenfuna, okusazaamu obukwakkulizo obwateekebwa ku Bugirimaani oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I, n’okuwamba ebitundu ebyalimu obukadde n’obukadde bw’Abagirimaani, ekyamuwa obuwagizi obw’amaanyi mu kusooka. Ekimu ku biruubirirwa bya Hitler ebikulu kyali {{Lang|de|[[Lebensraum]]}} ( lit. 'Owokubeera') eri abantu b'e Girimaani mu Bulaaya ey'Ebuvanjuba. Enkola ye ey’obukambwe, ey’okugaziya okusukka ensalo za Girimaani zitwalibwa okuba ng’ensonga enkulu ezavaako Ssematalo II mu Bulaaya. Nga 1 Ogwomwenda 1939, Hitler yalabirira okulumba kwa Girimaani ku Poland, bwe kityo ne kireetera Bungereza ne Bufalansa okulangirira olutalo ku Bugirimaani . Oluvannyuma lw’okulagira okulumba Soviet Union mu Gwomukaaga 1941, yalangirira olutalo ku Amerika mu Gwekkumineebiri w’omwaka gwe gumu. Ku nkomerero ya 1941, amagye ga Girimaani n’amawanga ga Bulaaya agayitibwa European Axis gaawamba ekitundu ekisinga obunene ekya Bulaaya n'obukiika kkono bw'Afirika . Obuwanguzi buno bwaddizibwayo mpolampola oluvannyuma lwa 1941 okutuusa amagye g’omukago lwe gaawangula amagye ga Girimaani mu 1945. Nga 29 Ogwokuna 1945, Hitler yawasa munne gwe yali amaze naye ebbanga, Eva Braun, mu {{Lang|de|[[Führerbunker]]}} mu kibuga Berlin. Enkeera beetuga okwewala okukwatibwa amagye ga Soviet Red Army. Munnabyafaayo era omuwandiisi w'emikululo gy'obulamu bwabantu Ian Kershaw yayogera ku Hitler nga "omusingi gw'ebyobufuzi ebibi eby'omulembe guno". Mu bukulembeze bwa Hitler n’endowooza y’obusosoze mu mawanga, gavumenti y’Abanazi ye yali evunaanyizibwa ku kittabantu ky’Abayudaaya ababalirirwamu obukadde mukaaga n’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaakosebwa, ye n’abagoberezi be baali batwala nti {{Lang|de|[[Untermensch]]en}} ( lit. ' si bantu' ) oba abatasaana kubeera mu bantu. Hitler n’Abanazi nabo bavunaanyizibwa ku kutta abantu ababalirirwamu obukadde 19.3 nga mulimu abaabulijjo n’abasibe b’olutalo. Okugatta ku ekyo, obukadde 28.7 obw'abajaasi n'abantu baabulijjo baafa olw'ebikolwa by'amagye mu katemba w'Abazungu. Omuwendo gw’abantu baabulijjo abattibwa mu Ssematalo II gwali tegubangawo mu lutalo, era abantu abaafiira mu lutalo luno lulufuula olutalo olusinga okutta abantu mu byafaayo. 12nzltuhaosjpi7rj81w7s29ghh2nk3 0 3778 65387 65320 2026-07-28T21:10:02Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ngaziyizza ekiba 65387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu bukiika ddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,[1]: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique eyetongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.[1]: 243 == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] ckb3y4wifilo51cteqewwbqmvpv568m 65388 65387 2026-07-28T21:11:47Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ebijuliziddwa 65388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] 8i6g88iphhkrj2iqb68a8lk7lnf0i9k 65390 65388 2026-07-28T21:17:20Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ngaziyizza ekiba 65390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yassa omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.[1] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] 9gm2399vuluwbel0arpsqq401k6a6xh 65391 65390 2026-07-28T21:19:14Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ebijuliziddwa 65391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] n30kq1edkk7gect2lcuakew50xi461t 65392 65391 2026-07-28T21:20:19Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ekiba 65392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces[1] era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.[2] Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abayapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.[2] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] 35a53cnq27y4ks5wyq3mtbpavwkpklm 65394 65392 2026-07-28T21:22:36Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ebijuliziddwa 65394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] grlw6b4jh6hyod0m34d3aynlnnl4hfo 65395 65394 2026-07-28T21:23:25Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ngaziyizza ekiba 65395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.[1] Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.[2] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] nbgpd1s3fb7mkokq26macppqjz4d0iy 65396 65395 2026-07-28T21:25:53Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ebijuliziddwa 65396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] p16ia1i2cyyxin1inalymqog2cbtlgu 65397 65396 2026-07-28T21:27:03Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Nyonddemu ekiba 65397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekibiina n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka eyetongodde mu 1961.[1] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] j52v39taln36eppamyr27fvrcsm1dqa 65398 65397 2026-07-28T21:28:56Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ebijuliziddwa 65398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] by7gfhg3krrjmq4g8ojal8p9mr1bxv5 65399 65398 2026-07-28T21:34:34Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ekiba 65399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakoma nga 9 Deesemba 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Kabaka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.[1]: page 6  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.[2] Nga 9 Deesemba 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ow'ekyapa mu ngalo.[1]: page 6 == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] p1hit077boy2vz8s0fysml3ugqmaob0 65400 65399 2026-07-28T21:38:28Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ebijuliziddwa 65400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>: page 6  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto12">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>: page 6 == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] oj81w7pey3sb9kuam9cvddj56i7r8jx 65401 65400 2026-07-28T21:38:56Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Nterezezza mu mpandiika 65401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>: page 6  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>: page 6 == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] qpu8kqzn3ooh47ic9205y6evgdkq8fv 65402 65401 2026-07-29T05:32:57Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Nyongeddeko ekiba 65402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lwa Zanzibar okuggyako obwakabaka bw'Abawalabu mu Zanzibar, nga luno lwali lujjidde wamu n'okutta enkumi n'enkumi z'Abawalabu b'e Zanzibar,[1] eyali efuuse eyetongodde mu 1963, ekizinga kyegatta ku Tanganyika ow'oku lukalu nga 26 Ogwokuna 1964.[2] Eggwanga eriggya lyatuumibwa United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar.[3][4] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] pwxngz0e29qirv6tt29775iyu8u8ku3 65403 65402 2026-07-29T05:34:43Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Nterezezza mu mpandiika 65403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwe Zanzibar okuggyako obwakabaka bw'Abawalabu mu Zanzibar, nga luno lwali luwerekeddwako n'okutta enkumi n'enkumi z'Abawalabu b'e Zanzibar,[1] eyali efuuse ey'etongodde mu 1963, ekizinga kyegatta ku Tanganyika ow'oku lukalu nga 26 Ogwokuna 1964.[2] Eggwanga eriggya lyatuumibwa ''United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar''.[3][4] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] eezep7tyqur9hpdtpdk3m47lv65hp84 65404 65403 2026-07-29T06:06:32Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ebijuliziddwa 65404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwe Zanzibar okuggyako obwakabaka bw'Abawalabu mu Zanzibar, nga luno lwali luwerekeddwako n'okutta enkumi n'enkumi z'Abawalabu b'e Zanzibar,<ref name="Zanzibar">{{cite news |date=25 July 2009 |title=Unveiling Zanzibar's unhealed wounds |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8167390.stm |work=BBC News}}</ref> eyali efuuse ey'etongodde mu 1963, ekizinga kyegatta ku Tanganyika ow'oku lukalu nga 26 Ogwokuna 1964.<ref>{{cite web |title=Background history of The Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar |url=http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125124815/http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2013 |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Vice President's Office, United Republic of Tanzania}}</ref> Eggwanga eriggya lyatuumibwa ''United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar''.<ref>{{cite web |title=The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar is renamed United Republic of Tanzania |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/united-republic-tanganyika-and-zanzibar-renamed-united-republic-tanzania |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=South African History Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=United Republic of Tanzania : History |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223235543/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |archive-date=23 February 2019 |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=Commonwealth.org}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] kwdqlaoyiaprllavugloyi0luqoibgo 65405 65404 2026-07-29T06:08:04Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ngaziyizza ekiba 65405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwe Zanzibar okuggyako obwakabaka bw'Abawalabu mu Zanzibar, nga luno lwali luwerekeddwako n'okutta enkumi n'enkumi z'Abawalabu b'e Zanzibar,<ref name="Zanzibar">{{cite news |date=25 July 2009 |title=Unveiling Zanzibar's unhealed wounds |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8167390.stm |work=BBC News}}</ref> eyali efuuse ey'etongodde mu 1963, ekizinga kyegatta ku Tanganyika ow'oku lukalu nga 26 Ogwokuna 1964.<ref>{{cite web |title=Background history of The Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar |url=http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125124815/http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2013 |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Vice President's Office, United Republic of Tanzania}}</ref> Eggwanga eriggya lyatuumibwa ''United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar''.<ref>{{cite web |title=The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar is renamed United Republic of Tanzania |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/united-republic-tanganyika-and-zanzibar-renamed-united-republic-tanzania |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=South African History Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=United Republic of Tanzania : History |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223235543/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |archive-date=23 February 2019 |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=Commonwealth.org}}</ref> Nga 29 Ogwekkumi mu mwaka gwe gumu, eggwanga lyakyusibwa erinnya ne lifuuka United Republic of Tanzania ("Tan" eva mu Tanganyika ate "Zan" eva mu Zanzibar).[1] Okwegatta kw'ebitundu byombi ebyali byetongodde kwali kwa nkaayana mu bantu b'e Zanzibar (wadde nga n'abo abaali bawagira enkyukakyuka) naye kwakkirizibwa gavumenti ya Nyerere ne Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar olw'okuba baalina ebigendererwa by'ebyobufuzi bye bimu.[2] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] gyei39nrqsrcmnw5eutelebgfgpb0dp 65406 65405 2026-07-29T06:10:42Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Nyongeddeko ekiba 65406 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwe Zanzibar okuggyako obwakabaka bw'Abawalabu mu Zanzibar, nga luno lwali luwerekeddwako n'okutta enkumi n'enkumi z'Abawalabu b'e Zanzibar,<ref name="Zanzibar">{{cite news |date=25 July 2009 |title=Unveiling Zanzibar's unhealed wounds |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8167390.stm |work=BBC News}}</ref> eyali efuuse ey'etongodde mu 1963, ekizinga kyegatta ku Tanganyika ow'oku lukalu nga 26 Ogwokuna 1964.<ref>{{cite web |title=Background history of The Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar |url=http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125124815/http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2013 |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Vice President's Office, United Republic of Tanzania}}</ref> Eggwanga eriggya lyatuumibwa ''United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar''.<ref>{{cite web |title=The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar is renamed United Republic of Tanzania |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/united-republic-tanganyika-and-zanzibar-renamed-united-republic-tanzania |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=South African History Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=United Republic of Tanzania : History |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223235543/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |archive-date=23 February 2019 |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=Commonwealth.org}}</ref> Nga 29 Ogwekkumi mu mwaka gwe gumu, eggwanga lyakyusibwa erinnya ne lifuuka United Republic of Tanzania ("Tan" eva mu Tanganyika ate "Zan" eva mu Zanzibar).<ref name="factbook" /> Okwegatta kw'ebitundu byombi ebyali byetongodde kwali kwa nkaayana mu bantu b'e Zanzibar (wadde nga n'abo abaali bawagira enkyukakyuka) naye kwakkirizibwa gavumenti ya Nyerere ne Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar olw'okuba baalina ebigendererwa by'ebyobufuzi bye bimu. Oluvannyuma lwa Tanganyika okufuna obwetwaze n'okwegatta ne Zanzibar ne kivaamu eggwanga lya Tanzania, Pulezidenti Nyerere yassa essira ku bwetaavu bw'okuzimba endagamuntu y'eggwanga eri bannansi b'eggwanga eppya. Okusobola okutuuka ku kino, Nyerere yawa ekyo ekitwalibwa ng'ekimu ku byokulabirako ebisingayo obuwanguzi mu kukaka n'okukyusa endagamuntu mu Afirika.[1] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] nxocge6ha9x04iuzunv9ur1vr75krc7 65409 65406 2026-07-29T08:11:50Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ebijuliziddwa 65409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwe Zanzibar okuggyako obwakabaka bw'Abawalabu mu Zanzibar, nga luno lwali luwerekeddwako n'okutta enkumi n'enkumi z'Abawalabu b'e Zanzibar,<ref name="Zanzibar">{{cite news |date=25 July 2009 |title=Unveiling Zanzibar's unhealed wounds |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8167390.stm |work=BBC News}}</ref> eyali efuuse ey'etongodde mu 1963, ekizinga kyegatta ku Tanganyika ow'oku lukalu nga 26 Ogwokuna 1964.<ref>{{cite web |title=Background history of The Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar |url=http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125124815/http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2013 |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Vice President's Office, United Republic of Tanzania}}</ref> Eggwanga eriggya lyatuumibwa ''United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar''.<ref>{{cite web |title=The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar is renamed United Republic of Tanzania |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/united-republic-tanganyika-and-zanzibar-renamed-united-republic-tanzania |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=South African History Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=United Republic of Tanzania : History |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223235543/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |archive-date=23 February 2019 |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=Commonwealth.org}}</ref> Nga 29 Ogwekkumi mu mwaka gwe gumu, eggwanga lyakyusibwa erinnya ne lifuuka United Republic of Tanzania ("Tan" eva mu Tanganyika ate "Zan" eva mu Zanzibar).<ref name="factbook" /> Okwegatta kw'ebitundu byombi ebyali byetongodde kwali kwa nkaayana mu bantu b'e Zanzibar (wadde nga n'abo abaali bawagira enkyukakyuka) naye kwakkirizibwa gavumenti ya Nyerere ne Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar olw'okuba baalina ebigendererwa by'ebyobufuzi bye bimu. Oluvannyuma lwa Tanganyika okufuna obwetwaze n'okwegatta ne Zanzibar ne kivaamu eggwanga lya Tanzania, Pulezidenti Nyerere yassa essira ku bwetaavu bw'okuzimba endagamuntu y'eggwanga eri bannansi b'eggwanga eppya. Okusobola okutuuka ku kino, Nyerere yawa ekyo ekitwalibwa ng'ekimu ku by'okulabirako ebisingayo obuwanguzi mu kukaka n'okukyusa endagamuntu mu Afirika.<ref>[[Pierre Englebert]] and Kevin C. Dunn, "Inside African Politics" 2013: 81</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] 7u5mt3wyslfg4y7idgrybw55abf9hv0 65410 65409 2026-07-29T08:12:54Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ngaziyizza ekiba 65410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwe Zanzibar okuggyako obwakabaka bw'Abawalabu mu Zanzibar, nga luno lwali luwerekeddwako n'okutta enkumi n'enkumi z'Abawalabu b'e Zanzibar,<ref name="Zanzibar">{{cite news |date=25 July 2009 |title=Unveiling Zanzibar's unhealed wounds |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8167390.stm |work=BBC News}}</ref> eyali efuuse ey'etongodde mu 1963, ekizinga kyegatta ku Tanganyika ow'oku lukalu nga 26 Ogwokuna 1964.<ref>{{cite web |title=Background history of The Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar |url=http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125124815/http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2013 |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Vice President's Office, United Republic of Tanzania}}</ref> Eggwanga eriggya lyatuumibwa ''United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar''.<ref>{{cite web |title=The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar is renamed United Republic of Tanzania |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/united-republic-tanganyika-and-zanzibar-renamed-united-republic-tanzania |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=South African History Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=United Republic of Tanzania : History |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223235543/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |archive-date=23 February 2019 |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=Commonwealth.org}}</ref> Nga 29 Ogwekkumi mu mwaka gwe gumu, eggwanga lyakyusibwa erinnya ne lifuuka United Republic of Tanzania ("Tan" eva mu Tanganyika ate "Zan" eva mu Zanzibar).<ref name="factbook" /> Okwegatta kw'ebitundu byombi ebyali byetongodde kwali kwa nkaayana mu bantu b'e Zanzibar (wadde nga n'abo abaali bawagira enkyukakyuka) naye kwakkirizibwa gavumenti ya Nyerere ne Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar olw'okuba baalina ebigendererwa by'ebyobufuzi bye bimu. Oluvannyuma lwa Tanganyika okufuna obwetwaze n'okwegatta ne Zanzibar ne kivaamu eggwanga lya Tanzania, Pulezidenti Nyerere yassa essira ku bwetaavu bw'okuzimba endagamuntu y'eggwanga eri bannansi b'eggwanga eppya. Okusobola okutuuka ku kino, Nyerere yawa ekyo ekitwalibwa ng'ekimu ku by'okulabirako ebisingayo obuwanguzi mu kukaka n'okukyusa endagamuntu mu Afirika.<ref>[[Pierre Englebert]] and Kevin C. Dunn, "Inside African Politics" 2013: 81</ref> Olw'okuba n'ennimi ezisukka mu 130 ezogerwa mu kitundu kyayo, Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okubaamu amawanga ag'enjawulo mu Afirika. Wadde nga kino kizibu, enjawukana mu mawanga zaasigala nga tezitera kubaawo mu Tanzania bw'ogeraageranya n'ensi endala ku ssemazinga, naddala muliraanwa waayo ow'okumpi, Kenya. Ate era, okuva lwe yafuna obwetwaze, Tanzania eraze obutebenkevu mu byobufuzi okusinga ensi za Afirika ezisinga obungi, naddala olw'enkola za Nyerere ez'okunyigiriza amawanga.[1] == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] f69nak75lqyis9by8rvskgt43ajh5qb 65417 65410 2026-07-29T09:08:17Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Ntaddemu ebijuliziddwa 65417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwe Zanzibar okuggyako obwakabaka bw'Abawalabu mu Zanzibar, nga luno lwali luwerekeddwako n'okutta enkumi n'enkumi z'Abawalabu b'e Zanzibar,<ref name="Zanzibar">{{cite news |date=25 July 2009 |title=Unveiling Zanzibar's unhealed wounds |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8167390.stm |work=BBC News}}</ref> eyali efuuse ey'etongodde mu 1963, ekizinga kyegatta ku Tanganyika ow'oku lukalu nga 26 Ogwokuna 1964.<ref>{{cite web |title=Background history of The Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar |url=http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125124815/http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2013 |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Vice President's Office, United Republic of Tanzania}}</ref> Eggwanga eriggya lyatuumibwa ''United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar''.<ref>{{cite web |title=The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar is renamed United Republic of Tanzania |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/united-republic-tanganyika-and-zanzibar-renamed-united-republic-tanzania |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=South African History Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=United Republic of Tanzania : History |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223235543/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |archive-date=23 February 2019 |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=Commonwealth.org}}</ref> Nga 29 Ogwekkumi mu mwaka gwe gumu, eggwanga lyakyusibwa erinnya ne lifuuka United Republic of Tanzania ("Tan" eva mu Tanganyika ate "Zan" eva mu Zanzibar).<ref name="factbook" /> Okwegatta kw'ebitundu byombi ebyali byetongodde kwali kwa nkaayana mu bantu b'e Zanzibar (wadde nga n'abo abaali bawagira enkyukakyuka) naye kwakkirizibwa gavumenti ya Nyerere ne Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar olw'okuba baalina ebigendererwa by'ebyobufuzi bye bimu. Oluvannyuma lwa Tanganyika okufuna obwetwaze n'okwegatta ne Zanzibar ne kivaamu eggwanga lya Tanzania, Pulezidenti Nyerere yassa essira ku bwetaavu bw'okuzimba endagamuntu y'eggwanga eri bannansi b'eggwanga eppya. Okusobola okutuuka ku kino, Nyerere yawa ekyo ekitwalibwa ng'ekimu ku by'okulabirako ebisingayo obuwanguzi mu kukaka n'okukyusa endagamuntu mu Afirika.<ref>[[Pierre Englebert]] and Kevin C. Dunn, "Inside African Politics" 2013: 81</ref> Olw'okuba n'ennimi ezisukka mu 130 ezogerwa mu kitundu kyayo, Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okubaamu amawanga ag'enjawulo mu Afirika. Wadde nga kino kizibu, enjawukana mu mawanga zaasigala nga tezitera kubaawo mu Tanzania bw'ogeraageranya n'ensi endala ku Ssemazinga, naddala muliraanwa waayo ow'okumpi, Kenya. Ate era, okuva lwe yafuna obwetwaze, Tanzania eraze obutebenkevu mu byobufuzi okusinga ensi za Afirika ezisinga obungi, naddala olw'enkola za Nyerere ez'okunyigiriza amawanga.<ref>Henry Bienen and John Waterbury, "World Development Vol 17", 1989: 100</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] areul7vfaifukxtuxi5sh3bf8u86xwd 65418 65417 2026-07-29T09:10:45Z Nambogo Catharine 6408 Nyongeddeko ekiba 65418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tanzania, mu butongole United Republic of Tanzania,nsi mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa mu African Great Lakes region. Esalagana ensalo n'amawanga omuli Uganda mu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba, Kenya mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, Indian Ocean mu Buvanjuba, Mozambique ne Malawi mu Bukiikaddyo, Zambia mu Bukiikaddyobwobugwanjuba, ne Rwanda, Burundi, ne Democratic Republic of the Congo mu Bugwanjuba. Okusinziira ku kuteebereza okwakolebwa mu 2024, Tanzania erina abantu obukadde nga 67.5, ekigifuula ensi ya Afirika esinga abantu abangi ng'esangibwa mu Bukiikaddyo bw'eddungu Sahara. Ebisigalira bya bafu bingi bizuuliddwa mu Tanzania. Mu kiseera ky'amayinja n'ekikomo, abantu abaali mu Tanzania nga tebannaba kuyiga kuwandiika nga bava mu Bukiikakkono baalimu abantu aboogera Olusukusiiti olufaananako n'abantu ab'omu Iraqw leero, abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia;<ref name="Genetics">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu ab'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana emyaka nga 2,000 ne 4,000 emabega;<ref name="Genetics2">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> n'abantu ab'omu Bukiikaddyo bwa Nilotes, omuli Datoog, abaava mu kitundu ekiri ku nsalo ya South Sudan–Ethiopia wakati w’emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 emabega.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18  Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu ng’okubeerawo kw’abantu ba Mashariki Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale ne Lake Tanganyika.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto">{{cite book |last=Ehret |first=Christopher |date=2001 |title=An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1i-IBmCeNhUC |publisher=University Press of Virginia |isbn=978-0-8139-2057-3}}</ref> Ku nkomerero y'ekyasa kye 19, ensi eno yali efugibwa Bugirimaani nga German East Africa. Kino kyaddirirwa obufuzi bw'Abangereza oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I bwe yafugibwa nga Tanganyika, ng'ekizinga Zanzibar kisigadde nga kitongole ky'amatwale eky'etengeredde. Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obwetwaze bwabwe mu 1961 ne 1963, ensi ebbiri zino zaagattibwa mu 1964 ne zikola United Republic of Tanzania.<ref name="factbook">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref> Tanganyika yeegatta ku British Commonwealth, era Tanzania esigala nga nsi ya Commonwealth nga republic eyegasse.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web |date=15 August 2013 |title=United Republic of Tanzania &#124; The Commonwealth |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania |website=thecommonwealth.org}}</ref> Leero, eggwanga lino likulemberwa Pulezidenti era nga lirina ne Ssemateeka gwe ligoberera. Ekibuga ekikulu kisangibwa mu kibuga kya Gavumenti (Dodoma);<ref>{{cite news |last=Mosha |first=Aloysius C. |title=The planning of the new capital of Tanzania: Dodoma, an unfulfilled dream |url=https://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712145006/http://www.etsav.upc.es/personals/iphs2004/pdf/148_p.pdf |archive-date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 March 2013 |publisher=University of Botswana}}</ref> ekibuga ekikadde, Dar es Salaam, kikyalimu woofiisi za gavumenti ezisinga obungi era kye kibuga ekisinga obunene mu ggwanga, omwalo omukulu, n'ekifo ekikulu eky'ebyobusuubuzi.<ref name="factbook2">{{cite web |date=7 July 2025 |title=Tanzania |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109103650/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tanzania |archive-date=9 January 2021 |work=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency}}</ref><ref name="official_website">{{cite web |title=The Tanzania National Website: Country Profile |url=https://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125222553/http://www.tanzania.go.tz/profilef.html |archive-date=25 November 2013 |access-date=1 May 2010 |website=Tanzania.go.tz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dar es Salaam Port |url=https://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222180354/http://www.tanzaniaports.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=270 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=19 February 2014 |publisher=Tanzaniaports.com}}</ref> Okumala emyaka mingi, Tanzania ebadde efugibwa Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nga eggwanga erirabika ng'ery'ekibiina ekimu kyokka.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Collord |first1=Michaela |date=February 2021 |title=Tanzania's 2020 Election: Return of the One-Party State |url=https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/migrated_files/documents/atoms/files/collord_tanzania_2020_election_2021.pdf |access-date=5 November 2025 |website=ifri.org |publisher=[[Institut français des relations internationales]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tools of single party hegemony in Tanzania: evidence from surveys and survey experiments |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kcroke/files/single_party_pre-print.pdf |access-date=1 December 2024}}</ref> Abantu b'omu Tanzania bava mu mawanga nga 120,<ref name="East Africa Living Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|author=African Studies Center University of Pennsylvania|author-link=University of Pennsylvania|encyclopedia=East Africa Living Encyclopedia|title=Tanzania – Ethnic Groups|url=https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/tethnic.htm}}</ref> mu nnimi, ne mu madiini. Obukristaayo y'eddiini esinga obunene mu Tanzania, ng'ate Abasiraamu n'Abanamaddala bali mu bifo bya wansi.<ref name="Pew Africa">[http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016 Religion in Tanzania] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304033104/http://globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/tanzania#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2010&region_name=All%20Countries&restrictions_year=2016|date=4 March 2021}}, [[Pew Research Center]]</ref> Ennimi ezisukka mu 100 ze zoogerwa mu Tanzania, ekigifuula ensi erina ennimi ez'enjawulo ennyo mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.<ref name="sim">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref> Eggwanga teririna lulimi lutongole, wadde ng'olulimi lw'eggwanga Luswayiri. Olungereza lukozesebwa mu by'obusuubuzi n'amawanga amalala, mu by'obufuzi, mu kkooti ez'oku ntikko, era ng'olulimi olusomesebwa mu siniya ne mu matendekero aga waggulu.<ref name="sim2">{{cite book |last1=Ammon |first1=Ulrich |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMZm0w0k1c4C&pg=PA1967 |last2=Dittmar |first2=Norbert |last3=Mattheier |first3=Klaus J. |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-018418-1 |page=1967}}</ref><ref name="afkinsider.com">{{cite news |date=17 February 2015 |title=Tanzania Ditches English In Education Overhaul Plan |url=https://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224091256/http://afkinsider.com/88774/tanzania-ditches-english-education-overhaul-plan/ |archive-date=24 February 2015 |access-date=23 February 2015 |agency=AFK Insider}}</ref> Oluwarabu lw'ogerwa nnyo mu Zanzibar, okusinziira ku byafaayo byakyo ng'ekifo ky'ebyobusuubuzi ekyafugibwanga Abawalabu. Tanzania erimu ensozi n'ebibira bingi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba, nga Olusozi Kilimanjaro, lwe lusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu Afirika era olusozi olusinga obuwanvu mu nsi yonna, gye luli. Ebisatu ku nnyanja ennene ez'omu Afirika ziri mu Tanzania. Okwolekera Obukiikakkono n'Obugwanjuba kuliko Ennyanja Nnalubaale, ennyanja esinga obunene mu Afirika, n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ennyanja esinga obuwanvu mu ssemazinga, emanyiddwa olw'ebika by'ebyennyanja eby'enjawulo. Mu Bukiikaddyo waliyo Ennyanja Malawi. Olubalama lw'eBuvanjuba lwokya era lwa bbugumu, nga Zanzibar Archipelago eri kumpi n'olubalama lw'ennyanja. Ekifo kya Menai Bay Conservation Area kye kisinga obunene mu Zanzibar ekikuuma obutonde bw'ennyanja. Ebisulo bya Kalambo, ebisangibwa ku Mugga Kalambo ku nsalo ya Zambia, kye kiyiira ky'amazzi ekyokubiri mu bunene mu Afirika.<ref name="Kalambo Falls">[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/310022/Kalambo-Falls "Kalambo Falls"]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.</ref> Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okukyalibwamu abalambuzi okulambula ebisolo by'omu nsiko.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scholtz |first1=Marco |date=12 January 2016 |title=Why millions chose Africa as their safari destination |url=https://theconversation.com/why-millions-chose-africa-as-their-safari-destination-52503 |doi=10.64628/AAJ.epmfwva6h |editor-first1=Ozayr |editor-last1=Patel}}</ref> Eggwanga lino mmemba omutongole mu mawanga 77 mu Africa mu kimanyikiddwa nga United Nations, Group of 77, African Union, East African Community, ne mu Non-Aligned Movement. == Obuvo bw'erinnya == Erinnya "Tanzania" lyatondebwawo ng'ekigambo ekigattiddwa wamu okuva mu mannya g'amawanga abiri agaali geegasse okutondawo eggwanga: Tanganyika ne Zanzibar mu 1964.<ref>{{OEtymD|tanzania}}</ref> Zanzibar ne Tanganyika bwe gaali geegatta, olupapula lw'amawulire olwa The Standard lwategeka empaka z'erinnya eppya, eryawangulwa Mohammed Iqbal Dar. Iqbal yagamba nti yafuna erinnya ng'atwala "Tan" ne "zan" okuva mu mawanga agaali geegasse, "i" okuva mu linnya lye, era n'agattako "a" ng'okujjukira Ahmadiyya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mazimu |first=Yusuph |date=4 March 2025 |title=Mohammed Iqbal Dar: Mjue mbunifu wa jina 'Tanzania' aliyeaga dunia |url=https://www.bbc.com/swahili/articles/crrdq0v420ko |access-date=24 March 2025 |work=BBC News Swahili}}</ref> Erinnya Tanganyika liva mu bigambo by'Oluswayiri tanga "okusaabala" ne nyika "olukoola olutaliimu bantu, obutale", ne kireetawo ebigambo "okusaabala mu ddungu". Oluusi litegeerwa ng'okujuliza ku Nnyanja Tanganyika.<ref>[http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html John Knouse: A Political World Gazetteer: Africa] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610213113/http://home.frognet.net/~jaknouse/gaz-af.html|date=10 June 2011}} website accessed 1 May 2007.</ref> Erinnya "Zanzibar" liva mu ''Zanj'', erinnya ly'abantu b'omu kitundu ekyo, n'ekigambo ky'Olulattini barr "olubalama" oba "omwalo."<ref>{{OEtymD|zanzibar}}.</ref> Zanj liva mu Al-Zanjia, erinnya ly'Olulattini ery'olubalama lw'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika. Ekigambo kino kikwatagana ne Azania, erinnya ly'Oluyonaani (ekyandiba nga liva mu linnya ly'Olusaba) ery'olubalama lwe lumu, eryogerwako mu Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, ekitabo ekyawandiikibwa mu kyasa ekyasooka CE. Azania kyogerwako ng'ekifugibwa Mapharitis - ekibinja ky'abantu ababeera (mu kiseera ekyo) nga mu kiseera kino ye Yemen ey'Obukiikaddyobwobuggwanjuba. == Ebyafaayo == '''Okunoonyereza ku byafaayo''' Ebiwandiiko by'Abantu baayo ebyasooka mu Tanzania byaliwo mu kiseera ky'edda ennyo. Mu 1106 oba 1107 CE (omwaka 500 AH), Shaykh Abū ʽImrān Mūsā al-ḥasan ibn Muḥammad yatandikawo omuzikiti gwa Friday mu Kizimkazi nga bwe kyawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko ekyaweebwayo mu miḥrāb y'omuzikiti.<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal |last=Freeman-Grenville |first=G. S. P. |last2=Martin |first2=B. G. |date=1973 |title=A Preliminary Handlist of the Arabic Inscriptions of the Eastern African Coast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203450 |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |issue=2 |pages=98–122 |issn=0035-869X}}</ref>  Ekkolero ly'ebintu mu Kilwa lyakuba ssente ezaaliko obubaka obukwata ku basula b'omu kitundu mu ngeri y'ebigambo eby'empandiika ebbiri, ekintu ekitalina kye kifaanaganya ne ssente z'Obusiraamu ezaasooka.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Brown |first=Helen W. |date=1991 |title=Three Kilwa Gold Coins |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00672709109511422 |journal=Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1080/00672709109511422 |issn=0067-270X |url-access=subscription}}</ref>: 1  Ekyokulabirako wammanga kya mu c. 1300 CE (c. 700 AH):<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Walker |first=John |date=1936 |title=The History and Coinage of the Sultans of Kilwa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42660953 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Royal Numismatic Society |volume=16 |issue=61 |pages=43–81 |issn=0267-7504}}</ref>: 63 Olunyiriri lw'abafuzi olw'atuukibwako nga basoma ku binusu ebiriwo mu kiseera kino lwongereza ku nnono z'omu kamwa ezaawandiikibwa mu Kilwa Chronicle awamu n'okunnyonnyola kw'abantu abava ebweru.<ref name=":9" />: 4  <ref name=":10" />: 47–48  Omutambuze Omumoroko Ibn Baṭṭūṭa agamba nti sultan al-ḥasan ibn sulaimān ow'omu kyasa 14 CE (8th-century AH) yayitibwanga Abuʼl-Mawāhib (Kitaawe w'ebirabo), era nti ye kennyini yalaba sultan ng'awaayo engoye ze eri omusajja omwavu eyazisaba nga sultan akomawo ewuwe okuva mu muzikiti.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gibb |first=H. A. R. |year=1962 |title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa |publisher=Hakluyt Society |volume=2 |pages=380–381}}</ref>Ekitiibwa kye kimu kikuumibwa ku binusu bya sultan ebya zzaabu.<ref name=":9" />: 3  ne mu nnono z'omu kamwa.<ref name=":10" />: 52. '''Eby'edda''' Abantu ab'obuzaaliranwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika balowoozebwa okuba nga baawukana mu lulimi ku Hadza ne Sandawe abayizzi abanoonya eby'okulya mu Tanzania.<ref name="Genetics2" />: page 17. Omugendo ogw'abasooka okusenguka gwali gwa boogezi ba Southern Cushitic abaava mu Bukiikaddyo bwa Ethiopia ne Somalia ne bayingira Tanzania. Be bajjajja b'Abairaqw, Gorowa, ne Burunge.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17  Okusinziira ku bujulizi bw'ennimi, wayinza okuba nga waaliwo okusenguka kwa mirundi ebiri okw'abantu b'omu Buvanjuba bwa Cushitic mu Tanzania awo nga mu 4,000 ne 2,000 emyaka egiyise, nga bava mu Bukiikakkono bwa Lake Turkana.<ref name="Genetics2" />: empapula 17–18. Obujulizi obuva mu kusima ebintu eby'edda buwagira okukomekkereza nti Abanilotic ab'omu maserengeta, omuli n'Abadatoogi, baava mu Bukiikaddyo ne bagenda mu Masekkati g'Obukiikakkono bwa Tanzania wakati w'emyaka 2,900 ne 2,400 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" />: olupapula 18. Okusenguka kuno kwaliwo mu kiseera kye kimu n'okutuuka kw'abantu abakola ebyuma abayitibwa Mashariki (Eastern) Bantu okuva e Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika mu bitundu by'Ennyanja Nnalubaale n'Ennyanja Tanganyika, ng'ekitundu ku kusaasaana kw'abantu abayitibwa Bantu okumala ebyasa. Abantu bano baava mu Bugwanjuba bwa Afirika n'obulombolombo bw'okusimba ebirime era n'emmere enkulu eya lumonde. Oluvannyuma baava mu bitundu bino ne basaasaanira mu Tanzania yonna wakati w'emyaka 2,300 ne 1,700 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="auto" /> Abantu b'omu Eastern Nilotic, nga mw'otwalidde n'Abamasai, bakiikirira okusenguka okwakabaawo gye buvuddeko okuva mu South Sudan mu myaka 500 okutuuka ku 1,500 egiyise.<ref name="Genetics2" /><ref name="Genetics3">{{cite journal |last1=Tishkoff |first1=S. A. |last2=Reed |first2=F. A. |last3=Friedlaender |first3=F. R. |last4=Ehret |first4=C. |last5=Ranciaro |first5=A. |last6=Froment |first6=A. |last7=Hirbo |first7=J. B. |last8=Awomoyi |first8=A. A. |last9=Bodo |first9=J. M. |last10=Doumbo |first10=O. |last11=Ibrahim |first11=M. |last12=Juma |first12=A. T. |last13=Kotze |first13=M. J. |last14=Lema |first14=G. |last15=Moore |first15=J. H. |year=2009 |title=The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans |journal=Science |volume=324 |issue=5930 |pages=1035–44 |bibcode=2009Sci...324.1035T |doi=10.1126/science.1172257 |issn=0036-8075 |pmc=2947357 |pmid=19407144 |last16=Mortensen |first16=H. |last17=Nyambo |first17=T. B. |last18=Omar |first18=S. A. |last19=Powell |first19=K. |last20=Pretorius |first20=G. S. |last21=Smith |first21=M. W. |last22=Thera |first22=M. A. |last23=Wambebe |first23=C. |last24=Weber |first24=J. L. |last25=Williams |first25=S. M.}}</ref> Abantu b'e Tanzania battanidde nnyo okukola ebyuma. Abantu b'e Pare be baali bakola ebyuma eby'etaagibwa ennyo abantu abaabeeranga mu bitundu by'ensozi mu Bukiikakkonobwobuvanjuba bwa Tanzania.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shoup |first1=John A. |date=2011 |title=Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East : an encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GN5yv3-U6goC&pg=PA67 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-362-0 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |page=67}}</ref> Abantu ba Haya ku lubalama lw'ennyanja Nalubaale ku luuyi olw'ebugwanjuba baayiiya ekika ky'ekikoomi ekikozesa omuliro ogw'amaanyi, ekyabasobozesa okukola ebyuma ebirimu carbon ku tempulikya ezisukka 1,820 °C (3,310 °F) emyaka egisukka mu 1,500 emabega.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=P. |last2=Avery |first2=D.H. |year=1978 |title=Complex iron smelting and prehistoric culture in Tanzania |journal=Science |volume=201 |issue=4361 |pages=1085–89 |bibcode=1978Sci...201.1085S |doi=10.1126/science.201.4361.1085 |pmid=17830304 |s2cid=37926350}}</ref> '''Ebyafaayo''' Abantu aboogera Olubantu baazimba ebyalo by’obulimi n’obusuubuzi ku lubalama lw’ennyanja ya Tanzania okuva ku ntandikwa y’ekyasa ekyasooka. Ebizuuliddwa mu byafaayo by’ebintu eby’edda mu Fukuchani, ku lubalama lw’ennyanja Zanzibar, biraga ekitundu ekyalimu abantu abaali balima era nga bavuba okuva mu kyasa eky’omukaaga AD ku ssaawa eyo. Omuwendo omunene ogwa daub ogw'azuuliddwa gulaga ebizimbe eby’embaawo, n’amasonko, ebyuma ebisa obusigo, n’ebisasiro by’ekyuma bisangiddwa mu kifo ekyo. Waliwo obujulizi obulaga nti baali beenyigidde mu by’obusuubuzi eby’ewala: eby’okukozesa ebimu ebyaggyibwa mu nsi endala nga ensuwa emmumbe, nga bitono nnyo ku bitundu 1% ku byonna ebyazuuliddwa, nga bisinga byava mu Gulf era nga bya dda nnyo nga by’omu kyasa eky’okutaano okutuuka mu ky’omunaana. Okufaanagana n'ebifo ebiriwo kati nga Mkokotoni ne Dar es Salaam kiraga ekibinja ky'abantu abafaanagana abaakulaakulana ne bafuuka ekifo ekisooka eky'obuwangwa bw'oku lubalama lw'ennyanja. Ebibuga by'oku lubalama birabika okuba nga byali by'enyigidde mu by'obusuubuzi by'oku Ssemayanja Indian Ocean ne mu by'obusuubuzi by'omunda mu Afirika mu kiseera kino eky'edda. Obusuubuzi bwalinnya mangu mu mugaso ne mu bungi okutandika mu makkati g'ekyasa eky'omunaana era ng'ekyasa eky'ekkumi kinaatera okuggwaako, Zanzibar yali emu ku bibuga by'Abaswayiri eby'omugaso mu by'obusuubuzi.<ref>Horton, Mark and Middleton, Tom. "The Swahili: The Social Landscape of a Mercantile Community." (Oxford: Blackwell, 2010), 46.</ref> Okukulaakulana mu by'entambula y'ebintu mu Egypt ne Persia okuva ku Nnyanja Emyufu ne Persian Gulf kyazza obuggya eby'obusuubuzi mu Indian Ocean, naddala oluvannyuma lw'obufuzi bwa Fatimid Caliphate okusengukira e Fustat (Cairo). Abalimi Abaswayiri baazimba ebifo ebirimu abantu abangi okusobola okw'enyigira mu by'obusuubuzi, bino ne bifuuka ebibuga ebisinga obukadde mu Swahili. Obwakabaka bwa Venda-Shona obwa Mapungubwe ne Zimbabwe mu South Africa ne Zimbabwe, mu ngeri y'emu, bwafuuka abantu abasinga okufulumya zzaabu mu kiseera kino. Ebyenfuna, ebyobuwangwa, n'obuyinza bw'eddiini byeyongera okuteekebwa mu Kilwa, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Tanzania mu biseera eby'edda. Kilwa kyafuga emyalo emirala emitono nga gituukira ddala mu Mozambique ow'omulembe guno. Sofala kyafuuka ekibuga ekikulu eky'ezaabu era Kilwa ne kigaggawala okuva mu by'obusuubuzi, nga kiri ku nkomerero y'obukiikaddyo bw'omuyaga gwa Indian Ocean Monsoons. Abalabe ba Kilwa abakulu baali mu bukiikakkono, mu Kenya ow'omulembe guno, nga Mombasa ne Malindi. Kilwa yasigala ng'ekyafuga mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika okutuusa Abaportugale lwe baatuuka ku nkomerero y'ekyasa 15. '''Ebiseera by'obukulembeze bw'amatwale''' Ng'ayagala okweddiza olukalu oluli okumpi n'ennyanja, Sultani wa Oman Said bin Sultan yasengula ekibuga kye ekikulu n'akizza e Zanzibar mu 1840. Mu kiseera kino, Zanzibar yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky'okusuubuliramu abaddu mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|title=Slavery|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131931/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24157|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Wakati w'ebitundu 65 ne 90 ku buli kikumi eky'abantu b'omu Zanzibar baali baddu.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548305/slavery/24157/Slave-societies|title=Slave societies|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|date=22 January 2014|access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Omu ku basuubuzi b'abaddu abasinga okumanyika ku lubalama lw'ennyanja y'Ebuvanjuba bwa Afirika yali Tippu Tip. Abasuubuzi b'abaddu ab'e Nyamwezi baali bakolera wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Msiri ne Mirambo.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter3.shtml "The Story of Africa |BBC World Service"]. BBC.</ref> Okusinziira ku Timothy Insoll, "Emiwendo giraga okutunda abaddu 718,000 okuva ku lubalama lwa Swahili mu kyasa 19, n'okusigaza 769,000 ku lubalama."<ref>{{cite book |last=Rodriguez |first=Junius P. |date=1997 |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref> Mu myaka gya 1890, obuddu bwawerebwa.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 February 2015 |title=On The Zanzibar Map: Spices, Slaves And A Bit Of History |url=https://www.enchantingtravels.com/travel-blog/zanzibar-map-history}}</ref> [[File:Zanzibar Slave Market, 1860 - Stocqueler.JPG|thumb|Akatale k'abaddu e Zanzibar mu 1860]] Mu 1863, Holy Ghost Mission yatandikawo ekifo awasooka okwaniriza abagenyi ne depot e Zanzibar. Mu 1877, nga baddamu okusaba kwa Henry Stanley oluvannyuma lw'olugendo lwe olw'okuyita mu Afirika, era nga Kabaka Mutessa I owa Buganda awadde Stanley olukusa, Church Missionary Society yatuma abaminsani Edward Baxter ne Henry Cole okutandikawo emirimu gy'obuminsani mu mawanga ag'omunda.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Middleton|first1=Dorothy|title=Henry Morton Stanley|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=29 December 2022|date=6 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Johnson, Hildergard Binder |year=1967 |title=The Locations of Christian Missions in Africa |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/213158 |journal=Geographical Review |publisher=Taylor and Francis Ltd |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=168–202 |bibcode=1967GeoRv..57..168J |doi=10.2307/213158 |jstor=213158 |url-access=subscription |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Europeans In East Africa - View entry |url=https://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=174 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk}}</ref> Mu 1885, Bugirimaani yawamba ebitundu ebiri mu Tanzania kati (okuggyako Olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwa Maji Maji, wakati wa 1905 ne 1907, kyali kwekalakaasa kw'amawanga ga Afirika agawerako mu German East Africa nga balwanyisa abafuzi b'amatwale, naddala olw'okukakibwa okukola emirimu n'okusindiikirizibwa kw'amawanga agamu. Kyali kya kuyigganyizibwa okw'amaanyi, okwagattibwa n'enjala ebyaviirako okufa kw'abantu 300,000 mu bantu, mu bantu ba Tanganyika abaali obukadde nga buna.[1]Zanzibar) era n'ebigatta ku German East Africa (GEA).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Iliffe |first=John |author-link=John Iliffe (historian) |date=1967 |title=The Organization of the Maji Maji Rebellion |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=8 |pages=495–512 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700007982 |jstor=179833 |doi-access=free |number=3}}</ref> Akakiiko akasukkulukumu aka 1919 Paris Peace Conference yawa GEA yonna eri Bungereza nga 7 Ogwokutaano 1919, olw'okuziyizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 240  Omuwandiisi wa British colonial, Alfred Milner, ne minisita wa Belgium plenipotentiary mu lukungaana, Pierre Orts [fr], olwo ne bateesa ku ndagaano y'Anglo-Belgian eya 30 Ogwokutaano 1919<ref name="Belgium">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref>: 618–9  Bungereza gye yawaayo ebintundu bya GEA eby'omu Bukiikakkonobwobugwanjuba bya Ruanda ne Urundi eri Bubirigi.<ref name="Ends2">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 246  Akakiiko k'olukungaana kaakakasa endagaano eno nga 16 Ogwomusanvu 1919.<ref name="Ends2" />: 246–7  Supreme Council kaakikkiriza nga 7 Ogwomunaana 1919.<ref name="Belgium2">{{cite web |title=PAPERS RELATING TO THE FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE, 1919 |url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1919Parisv07/pg_613 |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=United States Department of State |volume=7}}</ref> Nga 12 Ogwomusanvu 1919, Akakiiko ku Mandates kaakkiriza nti akatundu akatono aka Kionga Triangle akali mu Bukiikaddyo bw'Omugga Rovuma kajja kuweebwa Portugal Mozambique,<ref name="Ends3">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 , oluvannyuma ne kafuuka ekitundu kya Mozambique ey'etongodde. Akakiiko kaagamba nti Bugirimaani yali ekakanyavu nnyo mu kuwaliriza Portugal okuwaayo triangle mu 1894.<ref name="Ends4">{{cite book |author=William Roger Louis |year=2006 |title=Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQnpQNKeKKAC&pg=PA246 |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-1-84511-347-6 |access-date=19 September 2017}}</ref>: 243 Endagaano ya Versailles yateekebwako omukono nga 28 Ogwomukaaga 1919, wadde ng'endagaano teyakola okutuusa nga 10 Ogusooka 1920. Ku lunaku olwo, GEA yakyusibwa mu butongole n'etwalibwa mu Bungereza, Bubirigi, ne Portugal. Era ku lunaku olwo, "Tanganyika" yafuuka erinnya ly'ekitundu kya Bungereza. Mu masekkati g'emyaka gya 1920, Bungereza yatandika enkola ey'obufuzi obutali bwa butereevu mu Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liebenow |first=J. Gus |date=1956 |title=Responses to Planned Political Change in a Tanganyika Tribal Group |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400067496/type/journal_article |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=447–448 |doi=10.2307/1951678 |issn=0003-0554 |jstor=1951678 |s2cid=144390538 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Mu Ssematalo II, abantu nga 100,000 okuva e Tanganyika beegatta ku magye ga Allied forces<ref name="Heale">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> era be bamu ku Bafirika 375,000 abaalwana n’amagye ago.<ref name="MGT">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Abantu ba Tanganyika baalwana mu bitongole bya King's African Rifles mu lutalo lw’omu East Africa mu Somalia ne Abyssinia nga balwanyisa Abayitale, mu Madagascar nga balwanyisa Abafalansa ba Vichy mu lutalo lwa Madagascar, ne mu Burma nga balwanyisa Abajapani mu lutalo lwa Burma.<ref name="MGT2">[http://www.mgtrust.org/afr2.htm "African participants in the Second World War"]. mgtrust.org.</ref> Tanganyika yali nsibuko y'emmere enkulu mu lutalo luno, era ssente ze yafunanga mu kutunda ebweru w'eggwanga zaalinnya nnyo bw'ogeraageranya n'emyaka egyaliwo ng'olutalo terunnabaawo mu kiseera ky'ekizibu ky'eby'enfuna ekyaliwo mu nsi yonna.<ref name="Heale2">{{cite book |last1=Heale |first1=Jay |year=2010 |title=Tanzania |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UhNJxHg14wC |last2=Wong |first2=Winnie |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |isbn=978-0-7614-3417-7}}</ref> Kyokka, obwetaavu obwaliwo mu biseera by'olutalo, bwaleetera emiwendo gy'ebintu okulinnya ennyo n'ebbeeyi y'ebintu okulinnya ennyo mu matwale.<ref>[http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945 "Tanzania: British rule between the Wars (1916–1945)"]. ''eisa.org.za''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204203753/http://www.content.eisa.org.za/old-page/tanzania-british-rule-between-wars-1916-1945|date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Mu 1954, Julius Nyerere yakyusa ekitongole n'akifuula eky'ebyobufuzi ekya Tanganyika African National Union (TANU). Ekigendererwa kya TANU ekikulu kyali kya kufuna bwetwaze bwa Tanganyika. Kaweefube w'okuwandiisa abantu abapya yatandikibwawo, era mu mwaka gumu, TANU yali efuuse ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekisinga obukulu mu ggwanga. Nyerere yafuuka Minisita wa British administered Tanganyika mu 1960 era yeeyongera nga Ssaabaminisita nga Tanganyika yafuuka ey'etongodde mu 1961.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mulenga |first=Derek C. |date=November 2001 |title=Mwalimu Julius Nyerere: a critical review of his contributions to adult education and postcolonialism |journal=International Journal of Lifelong Education |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=446–470 |doi=10.1080/02601370110088436 |issn=0260-1370 |s2cid=143740319}}</ref> '''Omulembe''' Obufuzi bw'Abangereza bwakomekerezebwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1961. Elizabeth II, eyali afuuse Nnabagereka wa Bungereza mu 1952, yeeyongera okufuga mu mwaka ogusooka ogw'obwetwaze bwa Tanganyika, naye kati nga ye Nnaabakyala wa Tanganyika, ng'akiikirirwa gavana genero.<ref name="Abstract">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref>  Tanganyika era yayingira mu Commonwealth y'Abangereza mu 1961.<ref name="auto1" /> Nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri 1962, Tanganyika yafuuka eggwanga erya demokulasiya nga lirina omukulembeze ng'alondebwa bulondebwa.<ref name="Abstract2">{{cite web |date=July 2014 |title=Statistical Abstract 2013, National Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nbs.go.tz:80/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123044258/http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/Stastical%20Abstract/Statistical%20Abstract%20Report%202013.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=23 October 2014 |publisher=Tanzania Ministry of Finance}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw'olutalo lw'ekiyeekera olwe Zanzibar okuggyako obwakabaka bw'Abawalabu mu Zanzibar, nga luno lwali luwerekeddwako n'okutta enkumi n'enkumi z'Abawalabu b'e Zanzibar,<ref name="Zanzibar">{{cite news |date=25 July 2009 |title=Unveiling Zanzibar's unhealed wounds |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8167390.stm |work=BBC News}}</ref> eyali efuuse ey'etongodde mu 1963, ekizinga kyegatta ku Tanganyika ow'oku lukalu nga 26 Ogwokuna 1964.<ref>{{cite web |title=Background history of The Union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar |url=http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125124815/http://www.vpo.go.tz/document_storage/historical_overview.pdf |archive-date=25 January 2013 |access-date=25 April 2013 |publisher=Vice President's Office, United Republic of Tanzania}}</ref> Eggwanga eriggya lyatuumibwa ''United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar''.<ref>{{cite web |title=The United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar is renamed United Republic of Tanzania |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/united-republic-tanganyika-and-zanzibar-renamed-united-republic-tanzania |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=South African History Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=United Republic of Tanzania : History |url=https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223235543/http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-republic-tanzania/history |archive-date=23 February 2019 |access-date=10 February 2019 |publisher=Commonwealth.org}}</ref> Nga 29 Ogwekkumi mu mwaka gwe gumu, eggwanga lyakyusibwa erinnya ne lifuuka United Republic of Tanzania ("Tan" eva mu Tanganyika ate "Zan" eva mu Zanzibar).<ref name="factbook" /> Okwegatta kw'ebitundu byombi ebyali byetongodde kwali kwa nkaayana mu bantu b'e Zanzibar (wadde nga n'abo abaali bawagira enkyukakyuka) naye kwakkirizibwa gavumenti ya Nyerere ne Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar olw'okuba baalina ebigendererwa by'ebyobufuzi bye bimu. Oluvannyuma lwa Tanganyika okufuna obwetwaze n'okwegatta ne Zanzibar ne kivaamu eggwanga lya Tanzania, Pulezidenti Nyerere yassa essira ku bwetaavu bw'okuzimba endagamuntu y'eggwanga eri bannansi b'eggwanga eppya. Okusobola okutuuka ku kino, Nyerere yawa ekyo ekitwalibwa ng'ekimu ku by'okulabirako ebisingayo obuwanguzi mu kukaka n'okukyusa endagamuntu mu Afirika.<ref>[[Pierre Englebert]] and Kevin C. Dunn, "Inside African Politics" 2013: 81</ref> Olw'okuba n'ennimi ezisukka mu 130 ezogerwa mu kitundu kyayo, Tanzania y'emu ku nsi ezisinga okubaamu amawanga ag'enjawulo mu Afirika. Wadde nga kino kizibu, enjawukana mu mawanga zaasigala nga tezitera kubaawo mu Tanzania bw'ogeraageranya n'ensi endala ku Ssemazinga, naddala muliraanwa waayo ow'okumpi, Kenya. Ate era, okuva lwe yafuna obwetwaze, Tanzania eraze obutebenkevu mu byobufuzi okusinga ensi za Afirika ezisinga obungi, naddala olw'enkola za Nyerere ez'okunyigiriza amawanga.<ref>Henry Bienen and John Waterbury, "World Development Vol 17", 1989: 100</ref> Mu 1967, obukulembeze bwa Nyerere obwasooka bwakyuka ne buva ku ddyo oluvannyuma lw'Ekirangiriro kya Arusha, ekyateekawo obweyamo bw'okukola ku byenfuna by'eggwanga wamu n'okwegatta kwa Afirika. Oluvannyuma lw'ekirangiriro ekyo, bbanka n'amakolero amanene agasinga gaafuulibwa ga gavumenti. == Ebijuliziddwa == [[Category:Tanzania| ]] [[Category:Amawanga g'Afirika]] [[Category:Ensi]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa ku Ssemazinga wa Africa]] [[Category:Amawanga agasangibwa mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa]] 875oixohqs9yped2l2d3358lio78362 0 7950 65435 61658 2026-07-29T11:56:23Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chris Baryomunsi''' (yazaalibwa nga 9 Ogwekkumineebiri, 1969). [[Yuganda|Munnauganda]] [[:en:Public_health|omusawo w'abantu]], [[:en:Demographer|omukugu mu by'okubala abantu]] era munnabyabufuzi. Ye Minisita w'amawulire, Tekinologiya n'okulung'amya eggwanga mu Kabineeti ya Uganda. Yaliko Minisita omubeezi ow'ebyamayumba mu [[:en:Cabinet_of_Uganda|Kabineeti]] [[:en:Cabinet_of_Uganda|ya Uganda]]. Yalondebwa mu kifo kino nga 6 Ogwomukaaga, 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/3235304/data/1345443/-/3o16hn/-/Museveni%2527s+cabinet.pdf |access-date=2021-08-15 |archive-date=2016-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007121926/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/3235304/data/1345443/-/3o16hn/-/Museveni%27s+cabinet.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Okuva nga 1 Owokusatu, 2015 okutuuka nga 6 Ogwomukaaga 2016, yaweerezaako nga [[:en:Ministry_of_Health_(Uganda)|Minisita omubeezi owa guno na guli mu minisitule y'ebyobulamu.]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf |access-date=2021-08-15 |archive-date=2017-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709092825/http://www.monitor.co.ug/blob/view/-/2639388/data/956667/-/oq6gpdz/-/cabinet.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="CBN">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.observer.ug/viewpoint/interview/34532--dr-baryomunsi-has-bigger-ambitions-than-being-mp |access-date=2021-08-15 |archive-date=2021-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815080830/https://www.observer.ug/viewpoint/interview/34532--dr-baryomunsi-has-bigger-ambitions-than-being-mp |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Eesti aukonsulaadi avamine Ugandas 2024.04.18 - Opening of the Consulate of Estonia in Uganda on 18 April 2024 - 22.jpg|thumb|Chris Baryomunsi ]] Baryomunsi ye [[:en:Parliament_of_Uganda|mubaka mu Paalamenti]] owa [[Kanungu (disitulikit)|Kinkizi County East]] era mmemba mu kibiina ekiri mu buyinza ekya, [[:en:National_Resistance_Movement|National Resistance Movement]].(NRM)<ref name="Profile">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=400 |access-date=2021-08-15 |archive-date=2021-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427175554/https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=400 |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Obuto bwe n'okusoma kwe == Baryomunsi yazaalibwa ku kyalo Murama ekisangibwa e Nyakishenyi mu [[Rukungiri (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y'e Rukungiri.]] Kitaawe ye Mugenzi Aloysius Mpungirehe n'e nnyina, omugenzi Rosaria Kamayangi. Mu 1971, Chris nga wa myaka 2 gyokka egy'obukulu, bazadde be baasenguka ne badda e Kayungwe - Rugyeyo ekiri mu [[:en:Kanungu_District|Disitulikiti kati eyafuuka ey'e Kanungu]]. Baryomunsi yasomera mu Kayungwe Primary School oluvannyuma ne yeegatta ku St. Paul's Seminary, Kabale ku ddaala lya Siniya erisooka (O-Level) n'erya A-Level. Yaweebwa ekifo mu [[Makerere y'akubiri ku ssemazinga|Makerere University]], nga ye Yunivasite esiga obunene n'obukadde mu Uganda n'asomayo eby'okutabula eddagala ly'abantu. Mu 1995, yatikkirwa Diguli eya [[:en:Bachelor_of_Medicine_and_Bachelor_of_Surgery|Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery]]. Mu 1997, yatikkirwa Dipulooma mu by'okubala abantu, era mu 1998 yafua Diguli eya Master of Arts in [[:en:Demography|demography]], nga byonna yabisomera Makerere. Mu 2003, yatikkirwa [[:en:HIV/AIDS|Dipuloma mu kujjanjaba]] [[:en:HIV/AIDS|n'okukwatamu abalwadde ba siriimu (HIV/AIDS)]] okuva mu University of Brighton.<ref name="Profile">{{Cite web}}</ref> Mu 2016, yatikkirwa [[:en:PhD|Diguli eyookusatu mu busawo eya]] [[:en:PhD|PhD]] in [[:en:Public_health|Public Health]] okuva mu [[:en:Atlantic_International_University|Atlantic International University]], USA.<ref name="PhD">https://www.watchdoguganda.com/news/20170225/14091/photos-minister-baryomunsi-graduates-with-a-phd-from-atlantic-international-university.html</ref> [[File:Chris Baryomunsi.jpg|left|thumb]] == Emirimu egy'obusawo == Okuva mu 1995 okutuuka mu 1998, yali akola ng[[:en:Medical_officer|'omusawo]] ku ddwaliro ekkulu e Mulago. Okuva mu 1999 okutuuka mu 2002, yakolakong'muwi w'amagezi ku by'okuzaala ow'ekibiina kya [[:en:Deutsche_Gesellschaft_für_Internationale_Zusammenarbeit|Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit]]. Oluvannyuma yaweereza obuvunaanyizibwa bwe bumu mu kibiina kya [[:en:UNFPA|UNFPA]] wakati wa 2002 ne 2006. Era yakolako ng'omusomesa w'abasawo mu Makerere University wakati wa 2000 ne 2006.<ref name="Profile" /> == Olugendo lwe olw'ebyobufuzi == Baryomunsi olugendo lwe olw'ebyobufuzi yalutandikira mu Siniya ya St. Paul's Seminary wakati wa 1988 ne 1990 nga yaweereza nga akulira ebyenjigiriza mu ssomero mu kiseera ekyo. Bwe yali mu Makerere University ng'emyaka gya 1990 gitandika, ye yali omuwandiisi wa ofiisi y'ebyensimbi mu kibiina ky'abayizi Abafirika abasoma obusawo (Federation of African Medical Students' Association) era omuwandiisi wa ofiisi y'ebyensimbi mu kibiina kya Makerere University Medical Students’ Association. Mu 2005, yalondebwa okubeera omuwi w'amagezi ku Siriimu n'emiwendo gy'abantu ([[:en:United_Nations_Population_Fund|United Nations Population Fund]] HIV/AIDS) mu kibuha Harare. Yasuulawo ekifo kino mu 2006 asobole okwesimbawo mu kuvuganya [[:en:2006_Ugandan_general_election|okw'ababaka ba Paalamenti okwa 2006]]. Yavuganyiza ku tiketi ya NRM nga kandideeti mu kulonda kwa Kinkiizi County East constituency mu [[:en:Kanungu_District|Disitulikiti y'e Kanungu]] era n'ayitamu.<ref name="Profile">{{Cite web}}</ref> Era yalondebwa nga pulezidenti w'omukago gwa African Parliamentarians Forum on Population and Development. Mu Paalamenti, yaweereza ku kakiiko ka Social Services Committee ne ku kakiiko ka Health and HIV/AIDS Committee. Era yaweerezaako nga kaminsona wa Paalamenti akiikirira NRM mu Paalamenti ya Uganda okuva mu Gwomukaaga, 2011 okutuuka mu Gwokuna, 2014.<ref name="Ambition">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.observer.ug/viewpoint/interview/34532--dr-baryomunsi-has-bigger-ambitions-than-being-mp |access-date=2021-08-15 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402121653/http://www.observer.ug/viewpoint/interview/34532--dr-baryomunsi-has-bigger-ambitions-than-being-mp |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nga 1 Ogwokusatu 2015, yalondebwa okubeera [[:en:Health_minister|Minisita omubeezi owa guno na guli mu Minisitule y'ebyobulamu.]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://mobile.monitor.co.ug/News/News/Reshuffle-mixed--reactions--countrywide/-/2466686/2640632/-/format/xhtml/-/3sn8fxz/-/index.html |access-date=2021-08-15 |archive-date=2018-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026105711/http://mobile.monitor.co.ug/News/News/Reshuffle-mixed--reactions--countrywide/-/2466686/2640632/-/format/xhtml/-/3sn8fxz/-/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nga 6 Ogwomukaaga 2016, yalondebwa okubeera Minisita omubeezi ow'amayumba.<ref>https://www.scribd.com/doc/314964607/New-Cabinet</ref> == Ebirala == Amanyiddwa okubeera omuntu eyeerowooleza atatya kwawukana ku abalala kye balowooza yadde abo abaawukanya endowooza n'ekibiina kye.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=20101:mbabazi-must-first-resign-nrm-job&catid=53:interview&Itemid=67 |access-date=2021-08-15 |archive-date=2021-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815080835/https://observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=20101:mbabazi-must-first-resign-nrm-job&catid=53:interview&Itemid=67 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/201411031730.html</ref> Aweerezzaako mu bifo bino wammanga:<ref name="Ambition">{{Cite web}}</ref> * Omumyuka wa ssentebe w'akakiiko ka HIV/AIDS and Health Committee, mu Paalamenti * Ssentebe wa boodi ye AIDS Information Centre * Omuwi w'amagezi omukugu ku Siriimu (HIV and AIDS), GTZ. * Omuwi w'amagezi ku Pulogulaamu ya, United Nations Population Fund * Mmemba w'akakiiko ka Paalamenti aka bajeti * Pulezidenti w'omukago gwa African Parliamentarians Forum on Population and Development<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.advancefamilyplanning.org/two-family-planning-champions-appointed-ministers-uganda |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-08-15 |archive-date=2021-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815080830/https://www.advancefamilyplanning.org/two-family-planning-champions-appointed-ministers-uganda |url-status=dead }}</ref> * Pulezidenti wa Rotary Club y'e Kabarole == Personal details == A [[:en:Mukiga|Mukiga]] by ethnicity,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150402161619/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/459/580304</ref> he was born and raised in a [[:en:Roman_Catholic|Roman Catholic]] family.  His father converted to Catholicism in the early 1950s, despite having been raised in a [[:en:Protestant|Protestant]] household.  Baryomunsi is married to Fosca Twebaze and they have two children.<ref name="Ambition">{{Cite web}}</ref> == Emboozi ze, emboozi ez'akafubo n'ebiwandiiko by'afulumizza == * [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17290376.2005.9724849 SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS] * [http://www.orthodoxytoday.org/articles5/BaryomunsiUganda.php Uganda Draws Back from the AIDS Brink] * [http://webtv.un.org/watch/chris-baryomunsi-uganda-habitat-iii-4th-plenary-meeting/5175615695001?page=2 Chris Baryomunsi (Uganda), Habitat III, 4th Plenary meeting] == Laba na bino == * [[:en:Nakaseke_District|Nakaseke District]] * [[:en:Kanungu_District|Kanungu District]] == Ebijuliziddwamu == == Ebijulizo == {{Reflist}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160319224843/http://www.parliament.go.ug/new/ Website of the Parliament of Uganda] * [http://www.famsanet.org/ Website of the Federation of African Medical Students' Associations: The FAMSA Network] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140803055602/http://chs.mak.ac.ug/mumsa/ Website of Makerere University Medical Students Association (MUMSA)] [[Category:Bannabyabufuzi]] [[Category:Bannabyabufuzi mu Uganda]] 2qa0dd8vcvt5oen7qwjp0cl3c7wc3je 0 8003 65337 54551 2026-07-28T12:50:30Z Nakisozi 10800 65337 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ekizinga Buvuma''' (ng'olumu kiyitibwa Uvuma wano awaka){{Databox}} == Gye kisangibwa == Olujegere lw'obuzinga olumanyiddwa nga Buvuma Islands lulimu obuzinga obusukka mu makumu ataano era nga busangibwa kiro mita ntono nnyo okuva ku lubalama [[Nnalubaale|lw'ennyanja Nnalubaale]], [[Yuganda]] mu Napoleon Gulf. Buvuma eteeberezebwa okubeera mu kiro mita 25 (16 mi), ku mazzi, mu Bukiikaddyo bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya [[Jinja]], era Kilomitaazi 90 (56 mi), mu Bubukiikaddyo bw'obuvanyuba bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya, [[Kampala]]. Kyekimu ku bitundu ebinene aby'omu [[:en:Buganda|Buganda]], kyali kitwalibwa nag ekitundu ku [[:en:Mukono|Mukono]] naye oluvanyuma yakyusibwa Gavumenti ya Uganda okufuuka Disitulikiti eyetongodde. [[File:Buvuma-Island.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'akazinga k'eBuvuma]] == Enyinyonyola == Akazinga akakulu Buvuma, nga kali ku buweege bw'ettaka bwa mailo 200, n'obungi bw'abantu 20,000. kyebulunguddwako ekibira, era nga kijjumbirwa abalambuzi abatalina kutya. Ekibira kisalibwa era ne kyokebwa okufunamu [[:en:Charcoal|amanda]] wakati w'amaato asatu olunaku okutundibwa mu kibuga kya Jinja. waliwo ebibira abiri mu mukaaga ebyayawulibwa okubeera eby'obulambuzi mu Buvuma. == Ebyentambula n'ebyobulamu == Waliwo ekidyeri ekikutuusa ku lukalu. Waliwo n'akaato akenkasi okuva eKiyindi, omwalo omukulu oguli ku lubalama lw'enyanja Nnalubaale. Amaato agasaabaza abantu buli lunaku okuva ku buzinga okutuuka e Masese, omwalo ogulinaanye [[Jinja]]. Waliwo amalwaliro abiri, naye tekuli masanyalaze ku kazinga. [[:en:African_trypanosomiasis|okubongoota]] n'[[:en:Tsetse_fly|ekivvu]] nsonga za kumwanjo nnyo. olw'ekitundu okuba nga kyonna kikozesa ku mazzi ga nnyanja, ate nga elumbibwa obuwuka, abajikozesa bolekera okukwatibwa ekirwadde kya [[:en:Bilharzia|Bilharzia.]] [[File:MV Buvuma ferry.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'ekidyeri ky'eBuvuma]] == Ebyenfuna == Ekitundu kirimu obwavu bungi okusinziira ku bitundu ebirala ebya Uganda kubanga ebyetaago ebiweerezebwaayo binyagibwa nga tebinnatuusibwa ku kazinga.  Amazzi gajjudde ebyenyanja era abatuuze b'e[[:en:Buvuma|Bavuma]] n'a[[:en:Busoga|Basoga]] basajja bavubi.  Mu 2012, Kampuni ekola butto eya Bidco Palm Oil Limited, ya yanja enteekateeka y'okutandikawo yiika 16,000 ez'esamba ly'abinazi n'ekkolero elifulumya butto, okutandiika mu mwaka gwa 2013. Ne yiika endala 8,600, mu nteekateeka y'abapakasi, enkola ya pulojekiti ya Bidco Palm Oil Project ku kazinga k'eBuvuma esuubirwa okusimba yiika 25,000, nga emmaliriza. == Ebyenjigiriza n'eddiini == Abataka abasinga tebaasoma era teboogera lungereza. Kimu kyakusatu mu batuuze Basiraamu, kimu ku bisatu bakkiriza omwenkanonkano, kimu kyakusatu bakulisitaayo. Pulojekiti esinga okukola eyabamisani yeyitibwa Youth With A Mission (YWAM) ku kazinga ka Lingira. Balina ebyobulamu ebisookerwako ne Pulojekiti y'ebyekulakulana ebadde etambula okuva mu 1991.  Ku kazinga k'eBuvuma, ab'ekibiina kya World Gospel Mission kikola okugema kw'abaana, Pulojekiti z'amazzi, batendeka abakyala abazaalisa, era bavujirira essomero lya Pulayimare. == Abakiikirira mu Paalamenti == [[File:Migadde Robert Ndugwa.jpg|thumb|Robert Migadde]] Omukiise mu Paalementi akiikirira Buvuma okuva mu 2001-2006 ne 2006-2011yali William Nsubuga. Yadda mu bigere bya John Richard Wasswa eyalekulira okuva mu 1996 okutuuka mu 2001. Mu 2011 Migadde Robert Ndugwa yalondebwa okudda mu bigere bya Nsubuga. Mu 2016, Migadde Robert Ndugwa yaddamu nalondebwa ku kisanja ekyokubiri ekyakoma mu 2021. == Obutonde n'okutema emition == Obuzinga bwakolebwa [[:en:Ironstone|enjjazi]] nga zaava mu [[:en:Quartzite|biyinja eby'edda]] ezakolebwa n'[[:en:Schists|enjazi entono ezikutuka ku lwazi olunnene]]. Ebizinga ebirala y'e Bugaia, Lingira ne Namiti. [[:en:Rusinga_Island|Rusinga]] ne [[:en:Mfangano_Island|Mfangano]] biri ku nsalosalo z'eKenya. Mu 1911 ''Britannica'' yagamba: "Ebizinga ebisinga kuno bikwatiridde ebibira ebikwafu, era ebimu ku bbyo biri ku nsozi. Obutonde bw'abwo busikiriza." Okugyako obuwanvu bw'ako, Rusinga ne Mfangano kaakano emiti gyabyo gyasalibwa. Disitulikiti y'eBuvuma kifo kyanjawulo ekyetoloddwa ekibira ekikwatiridde n'ebiwuka ebyenjawulo, ebinyonyi, ebimera ebyenjawulo, wamu n'olubalama lw'omusenyu ku buzinga obwenjawulo. Ebizinga bilina obutonde obusikiriza abalambuzi ebisobozesa: okwekennenya ebinyonyi, okuba olusiisira, ebisolo by'omunsiko, obukubo obutambulirwamu,okulambula, okuwalampa enjazi, okuvuga amaato, ebifaananyi eby'obutonde, emizannyo gy'okuvuba, emizaanyo gy'amazzi n'ebirala nkuyanja by'ogya okulaba ng'olambua mu bizinga by'eBuvuma. == Okunonyereza ku bintu eby'edda == Rusinga elina obuggaga mu bintu by'edda, era Mary Leakey yavumbula akawanga ka Proconsul africanus ku kazinga kano. Okwekuusa ku kimera ky'akazinga ka Rusinga ne Mfwanganu bitwalibwa okuba essomo lya paleobotanists. Waliwo okuvumbula okwazuulibwa etterekero ly'ebyedda erya Tervuren Museum, [[Bubirigi]], mu 1968 (ekyafulumizibwa mu 1971), ku kazinga ka Buvuma ne Bugaia mu Munyama Cave, Tonge Cave, ne Nakisito, gattako ebifo ebirala 47. Ebikozesebwa mu kubumba okuva mu 13,000 B.C. okutuuka mu 8,000 B.C. byazuulibwa. == Ebijuliziddwamu ==   7htlt7v863u09rkabc2l1tdr5f9x3w1 65340 65337 2026-07-28T13:30:03Z Nakisozi 10800 65340 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ekizinga Buvuma''' (ng'olumu kiyitibwa Uvuma wano awaka) kye kizinga ekisinga obunenne mu kajegere k'ebizinga bya Buvuma mu Nnyanja Nalubaale ([[Lake victoria]]) mu Afirika{{Databox}} == Gye kisangibwa == Olujegere lw'obuzinga olumanyiddwa nga Buvuma Islands lulimu obuzinga obusukka mu makumu ataano era nga busangibwa kiro mita ntono nnyo okuva ku lubalama [[Nnalubaale|lw'ennyanja Nnalubaale]], [[Yuganda]] mu Napoleon Gulf. Buvuma eteeberezebwa okubeera mu kiro mita 25 (16 mi), ku mazzi, mu Bukiikaddyo bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya [[Jinja]], era Kilomitaazi 90 (56 mi), mu Bubukiikaddyo bw'obuvanyuba bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya, [[Kampala]]. Kyekimu ku bitundu ebinene aby'omu [[:en:Buganda|Buganda]], kyali kitwalibwa nag ekitundu ku [[:en:Mukono|Mukono]] naye oluvanyuma yakyusibwa Gavumenti ya Uganda okufuuka Disitulikiti eyetongodde. [[File:Buvuma-Island.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'akazinga k'eBuvuma]] == Enyinyonyola == Akazinga akakulu Buvuma, nga kali ku buweege bw'ettaka bwa mailo 200, n'obungi bw'abantu 20,000. kyebulunguddwako ekibira, era nga kijjumbirwa abalambuzi abatalina kutya. Ekibira kisalibwa era ne kyokebwa okufunamu [[:en:Charcoal|amanda]] wakati w'amaato asatu olunaku okutundibwa mu kibuga kya Jinja. waliwo ebibira abiri mu mukaaga ebyayawulibwa okubeera eby'obulambuzi mu Buvuma. == Ebyentambula n'ebyobulamu == Waliwo ekidyeri ekikutuusa ku lukalu. Waliwo n'akaato akenkasi okuva eKiyindi, omwalo omukulu oguli ku lubalama lw'enyanja Nnalubaale. Amaato agasaabaza abantu buli lunaku okuva ku buzinga okutuuka e Masese, omwalo ogulinaanye [[Jinja]]. Waliwo amalwaliro abiri, naye tekuli masanyalaze ku kazinga. [[:en:African_trypanosomiasis|okubongoota]] n'[[:en:Tsetse_fly|ekivvu]] nsonga za kumwanjo nnyo. olw'ekitundu okuba nga kyonna kikozesa ku mazzi ga nnyanja, ate nga elumbibwa obuwuka, abajikozesa bolekera okukwatibwa ekirwadde kya [[:en:Bilharzia|Bilharzia.]] [[File:MV Buvuma ferry.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'ekidyeri ky'eBuvuma]] == Ebyenfuna == Ekitundu kirimu obwavu bungi okusinziira ku bitundu ebirala ebya Uganda kubanga ebyetaago ebiweerezebwaayo binyagibwa nga tebinnatuusibwa ku kazinga.  Amazzi gajjudde ebyenyanja era abatuuze b'e[[:en:Buvuma|Bavuma]] n'a[[:en:Busoga|Basoga]] basajja bavubi.  Mu 2012, Kampuni ekola butto eya Bidco Palm Oil Limited, ya yanja enteekateeka y'okutandikawo yiika 16,000 ez'esamba ly'abinazi n'ekkolero elifulumya butto, okutandiika mu mwaka gwa 2013. Ne yiika endala 8,600, mu nteekateeka y'abapakasi, enkola ya pulojekiti ya Bidco Palm Oil Project ku kazinga k'eBuvuma esuubirwa okusimba yiika 25,000, nga emmaliriza. == Ebyenjigiriza n'eddiini == Abataka abasinga tebaasoma era teboogera lungereza. Kimu kyakusatu mu batuuze Basiraamu, kimu ku bisatu bakkiriza omwenkanonkano, kimu kyakusatu bakulisitaayo. Pulojekiti esinga okukola eyabamisani yeyitibwa Youth With A Mission (YWAM) ku kazinga ka Lingira. Balina ebyobulamu ebisookerwako ne Pulojekiti y'ebyekulakulana ebadde etambula okuva mu 1991.  Ku kazinga k'eBuvuma, ab'ekibiina kya World Gospel Mission kikola okugema kw'abaana, Pulojekiti z'amazzi, batendeka abakyala abazaalisa, era bavujirira essomero lya Pulayimare. == Abakiikirira mu Paalamenti == [[File:Migadde Robert Ndugwa.jpg|thumb|Robert Migadde]] Omukiise mu Paalementi akiikirira Buvuma okuva mu 2001-2006 ne 2006-2011yali William Nsubuga. Yadda mu bigere bya John Richard Wasswa eyalekulira okuva mu 1996 okutuuka mu 2001. Mu 2011 Migadde Robert Ndugwa yalondebwa okudda mu bigere bya Nsubuga. Mu 2016, Migadde Robert Ndugwa yaddamu nalondebwa ku kisanja ekyokubiri ekyakoma mu 2021. == Obutonde n'okutema emition == Obuzinga bwakolebwa [[:en:Ironstone|enjjazi]] nga zaava mu [[:en:Quartzite|biyinja eby'edda]] ezakolebwa n'[[:en:Schists|enjazi entono ezikutuka ku lwazi olunnene]]. Ebizinga ebirala y'e Bugaia, Lingira ne Namiti. [[:en:Rusinga_Island|Rusinga]] ne [[:en:Mfangano_Island|Mfangano]] biri ku nsalosalo z'eKenya. Mu 1911 ''Britannica'' yagamba: "Ebizinga ebisinga kuno bikwatiridde ebibira ebikwafu, era ebimu ku bbyo biri ku nsozi. Obutonde bw'abwo busikiriza." Okugyako obuwanvu bw'ako, Rusinga ne Mfangano kaakano emiti gyabyo gyasalibwa. Disitulikiti y'eBuvuma kifo kyanjawulo ekyetoloddwa ekibira ekikwatiridde n'ebiwuka ebyenjawulo, ebinyonyi, ebimera ebyenjawulo, wamu n'olubalama lw'omusenyu ku buzinga obwenjawulo. Ebizinga bilina obutonde obusikiriza abalambuzi ebisobozesa: okwekennenya ebinyonyi, okuba olusiisira, ebisolo by'omunsiko, obukubo obutambulirwamu,okulambula, okuwalampa enjazi, okuvuga amaato, ebifaananyi eby'obutonde, emizannyo gy'okuvuba, emizaanyo gy'amazzi n'ebirala nkuyanja by'ogya okulaba ng'olambua mu bizinga by'eBuvuma. == Okunonyereza ku bintu eby'edda == Rusinga elina obuggaga mu bintu by'edda, era Mary Leakey yavumbula akawanga ka Proconsul africanus ku kazinga kano. Okwekuusa ku kimera ky'akazinga ka Rusinga ne Mfwanganu bitwalibwa okuba essomo lya paleobotanists. Waliwo okuvumbula okwazuulibwa etterekero ly'ebyedda erya Tervuren Museum, [[Bubirigi]], mu 1968 (ekyafulumizibwa mu 1971), ku kazinga ka Buvuma ne Bugaia mu Munyama Cave, Tonge Cave, ne Nakisito, gattako ebifo ebirala 47. Ebikozesebwa mu kubumba okuva mu 13,000 B.C. okutuuka mu 8,000 B.C. byazuulibwa. == Ebijuliziddwamu ==   f82dtceyhgcjuqt24zj2zvq8g1gzx6t 65342 65340 2026-07-28T13:36:41Z Nakisozi 10800 /* Gye kisangibwa */ 65342 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ekizinga Buvuma''' (ng'olumu kiyitibwa Uvuma wano awaka) kye kizinga ekisinga obunenne mu kajegere k'ebizinga bya Buvuma mu Nnyanja Nalubaale ([[Lake victoria]]) mu Afirika{{Databox}} == Gye kisangibwa == Akajegere k'obuzinga obumanyiddwa nga Ebizinga by'e Buvuma lulimu obuzinga obusukka mu makumu ataano era nga busangibwa kiro mita ntono nnyo okuva ku lubalama [[Nnalubaale|lw'ennyanja Nnalubaale]], [[Yuganda]] mu Napoleon Gulf. Buvuma eteeberezebwa okubeera mu kiro mita 25 (16 mi), ku mazzi, mu Bukiikaddyo bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya [[Jinja]], era Kilomitaazi 90 (56 mi), mu Bubukiikaddyo bw'obuvanyuba bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya, [[Kampala]]. Kyekimu ku bitundu ebinene aby'omu [[:en:Buganda|Buganda]], kyali kitwalibwa nag ekitundu ku [[:en:Mukono|Mukono]] naye oluvanyuma yakyusibwa Gavumenti ya Uganda okufuuka Disitulikiti eyetongodde. [[File:Buvuma-Island.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'akazinga k'eBuvuma]] == Enyinyonyola == Akazinga akakulu Buvuma, nga kali ku buweege bw'ettaka bwa mailo 200, n'obungi bw'abantu 20,000. kyebulunguddwako ekibira, era nga kijjumbirwa abalambuzi abatalina kutya. Ekibira kisalibwa era ne kyokebwa okufunamu [[:en:Charcoal|amanda]] wakati w'amaato asatu olunaku okutundibwa mu kibuga kya Jinja. waliwo ebibira abiri mu mukaaga ebyayawulibwa okubeera eby'obulambuzi mu Buvuma. == Ebyentambula n'ebyobulamu == Waliwo ekidyeri ekikutuusa ku lukalu. Waliwo n'akaato akenkasi okuva eKiyindi, omwalo omukulu oguli ku lubalama lw'enyanja Nnalubaale. Amaato agasaabaza abantu buli lunaku okuva ku buzinga okutuuka e Masese, omwalo ogulinaanye [[Jinja]]. Waliwo amalwaliro abiri, naye tekuli masanyalaze ku kazinga. [[:en:African_trypanosomiasis|okubongoota]] n'[[:en:Tsetse_fly|ekivvu]] nsonga za kumwanjo nnyo. olw'ekitundu okuba nga kyonna kikozesa ku mazzi ga nnyanja, ate nga elumbibwa obuwuka, abajikozesa bolekera okukwatibwa ekirwadde kya [[:en:Bilharzia|Bilharzia.]] [[File:MV Buvuma ferry.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'ekidyeri ky'eBuvuma]] == Ebyenfuna == Ekitundu kirimu obwavu bungi okusinziira ku bitundu ebirala ebya Uganda kubanga ebyetaago ebiweerezebwaayo binyagibwa nga tebinnatuusibwa ku kazinga.  Amazzi gajjudde ebyenyanja era abatuuze b'e[[:en:Buvuma|Bavuma]] n'a[[:en:Busoga|Basoga]] basajja bavubi.  Mu 2012, Kampuni ekola butto eya Bidco Palm Oil Limited, ya yanja enteekateeka y'okutandikawo yiika 16,000 ez'esamba ly'abinazi n'ekkolero elifulumya butto, okutandiika mu mwaka gwa 2013. Ne yiika endala 8,600, mu nteekateeka y'abapakasi, enkola ya pulojekiti ya Bidco Palm Oil Project ku kazinga k'eBuvuma esuubirwa okusimba yiika 25,000, nga emmaliriza. == Ebyenjigiriza n'eddiini == Abataka abasinga tebaasoma era teboogera lungereza. Kimu kyakusatu mu batuuze Basiraamu, kimu ku bisatu bakkiriza omwenkanonkano, kimu kyakusatu bakulisitaayo. Pulojekiti esinga okukola eyabamisani yeyitibwa Youth With A Mission (YWAM) ku kazinga ka Lingira. Balina ebyobulamu ebisookerwako ne Pulojekiti y'ebyekulakulana ebadde etambula okuva mu 1991.  Ku kazinga k'eBuvuma, ab'ekibiina kya World Gospel Mission kikola okugema kw'abaana, Pulojekiti z'amazzi, batendeka abakyala abazaalisa, era bavujirira essomero lya Pulayimare. == Abakiikirira mu Paalamenti == [[File:Migadde Robert Ndugwa.jpg|thumb|Robert Migadde]] Omukiise mu Paalementi akiikirira Buvuma okuva mu 2001-2006 ne 2006-2011yali William Nsubuga. Yadda mu bigere bya John Richard Wasswa eyalekulira okuva mu 1996 okutuuka mu 2001. Mu 2011 Migadde Robert Ndugwa yalondebwa okudda mu bigere bya Nsubuga. Mu 2016, Migadde Robert Ndugwa yaddamu nalondebwa ku kisanja ekyokubiri ekyakoma mu 2021. == Obutonde n'okutema emition == Obuzinga bwakolebwa [[:en:Ironstone|enjjazi]] nga zaava mu [[:en:Quartzite|biyinja eby'edda]] ezakolebwa n'[[:en:Schists|enjazi entono ezikutuka ku lwazi olunnene]]. Ebizinga ebirala y'e Bugaia, Lingira ne Namiti. [[:en:Rusinga_Island|Rusinga]] ne [[:en:Mfangano_Island|Mfangano]] biri ku nsalosalo z'eKenya. Mu 1911 ''Britannica'' yagamba: "Ebizinga ebisinga kuno bikwatiridde ebibira ebikwafu, era ebimu ku bbyo biri ku nsozi. Obutonde bw'abwo busikiriza." Okugyako obuwanvu bw'ako, Rusinga ne Mfangano kaakano emiti gyabyo gyasalibwa. Disitulikiti y'eBuvuma kifo kyanjawulo ekyetoloddwa ekibira ekikwatiridde n'ebiwuka ebyenjawulo, ebinyonyi, ebimera ebyenjawulo, wamu n'olubalama lw'omusenyu ku buzinga obwenjawulo. Ebizinga bilina obutonde obusikiriza abalambuzi ebisobozesa: okwekennenya ebinyonyi, okuba olusiisira, ebisolo by'omunsiko, obukubo obutambulirwamu,okulambula, okuwalampa enjazi, okuvuga amaato, ebifaananyi eby'obutonde, emizannyo gy'okuvuba, emizaanyo gy'amazzi n'ebirala nkuyanja by'ogya okulaba ng'olambua mu bizinga by'eBuvuma. == Okunonyereza ku bintu eby'edda == Rusinga elina obuggaga mu bintu by'edda, era Mary Leakey yavumbula akawanga ka Proconsul africanus ku kazinga kano. Okwekuusa ku kimera ky'akazinga ka Rusinga ne Mfwanganu bitwalibwa okuba essomo lya paleobotanists. Waliwo okuvumbula okwazuulibwa etterekero ly'ebyedda erya Tervuren Museum, [[Bubirigi]], mu 1968 (ekyafulumizibwa mu 1971), ku kazinga ka Buvuma ne Bugaia mu Munyama Cave, Tonge Cave, ne Nakisito, gattako ebifo ebirala 47. Ebikozesebwa mu kubumba okuva mu 13,000 B.C. okutuuka mu 8,000 B.C. byazuulibwa. == Ebijuliziddwamu ==   crxhf97agt3mh9w8ogwri7u716b27nk 65343 65342 2026-07-28T13:36:59Z Nakisozi 10800 /* Gye kisangibwa */ 65343 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ekizinga Buvuma''' (ng'olumu kiyitibwa Uvuma wano awaka) kye kizinga ekisinga obunenne mu kajegere k'ebizinga bya Buvuma mu Nnyanja Nalubaale ([[Lake victoria]]) mu Afirika{{Databox}} == Gye kisangibwa == Akajegere k'obuzinga obumanyiddwa nga Ebizinga by'e Buvuma lulimu obuzinga obusukka mu makumi ataano era nga busangibwa kiro mita ntono nnyo okuva ku lubalama [[Nnalubaale|lw'ennyanja Nnalubaale]], [[Yuganda]] mu Napoleon Gulf. Buvuma eteeberezebwa okubeera mu kiro mita 25 (16 mi), ku mazzi, mu Bukiikaddyo bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya [[Jinja]], era Kilomitaazi 90 (56 mi), mu Bubukiikaddyo bw'obuvanyuba bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya, [[Kampala]]. Kyekimu ku bitundu ebinene aby'omu [[:en:Buganda|Buganda]], kyali kitwalibwa nag ekitundu ku [[:en:Mukono|Mukono]] naye oluvanyuma yakyusibwa Gavumenti ya Uganda okufuuka Disitulikiti eyetongodde. [[File:Buvuma-Island.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'akazinga k'eBuvuma]] == Enyinyonyola == Akazinga akakulu Buvuma, nga kali ku buweege bw'ettaka bwa mailo 200, n'obungi bw'abantu 20,000. kyebulunguddwako ekibira, era nga kijjumbirwa abalambuzi abatalina kutya. Ekibira kisalibwa era ne kyokebwa okufunamu [[:en:Charcoal|amanda]] wakati w'amaato asatu olunaku okutundibwa mu kibuga kya Jinja. waliwo ebibira abiri mu mukaaga ebyayawulibwa okubeera eby'obulambuzi mu Buvuma. == Ebyentambula n'ebyobulamu == Waliwo ekidyeri ekikutuusa ku lukalu. Waliwo n'akaato akenkasi okuva eKiyindi, omwalo omukulu oguli ku lubalama lw'enyanja Nnalubaale. Amaato agasaabaza abantu buli lunaku okuva ku buzinga okutuuka e Masese, omwalo ogulinaanye [[Jinja]]. Waliwo amalwaliro abiri, naye tekuli masanyalaze ku kazinga. [[:en:African_trypanosomiasis|okubongoota]] n'[[:en:Tsetse_fly|ekivvu]] nsonga za kumwanjo nnyo. olw'ekitundu okuba nga kyonna kikozesa ku mazzi ga nnyanja, ate nga elumbibwa obuwuka, abajikozesa bolekera okukwatibwa ekirwadde kya [[:en:Bilharzia|Bilharzia.]] [[File:MV Buvuma ferry.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'ekidyeri ky'eBuvuma]] == Ebyenfuna == Ekitundu kirimu obwavu bungi okusinziira ku bitundu ebirala ebya Uganda kubanga ebyetaago ebiweerezebwaayo binyagibwa nga tebinnatuusibwa ku kazinga.  Amazzi gajjudde ebyenyanja era abatuuze b'e[[:en:Buvuma|Bavuma]] n'a[[:en:Busoga|Basoga]] basajja bavubi.  Mu 2012, Kampuni ekola butto eya Bidco Palm Oil Limited, ya yanja enteekateeka y'okutandikawo yiika 16,000 ez'esamba ly'abinazi n'ekkolero elifulumya butto, okutandiika mu mwaka gwa 2013. Ne yiika endala 8,600, mu nteekateeka y'abapakasi, enkola ya pulojekiti ya Bidco Palm Oil Project ku kazinga k'eBuvuma esuubirwa okusimba yiika 25,000, nga emmaliriza. == Ebyenjigiriza n'eddiini == Abataka abasinga tebaasoma era teboogera lungereza. Kimu kyakusatu mu batuuze Basiraamu, kimu ku bisatu bakkiriza omwenkanonkano, kimu kyakusatu bakulisitaayo. Pulojekiti esinga okukola eyabamisani yeyitibwa Youth With A Mission (YWAM) ku kazinga ka Lingira. Balina ebyobulamu ebisookerwako ne Pulojekiti y'ebyekulakulana ebadde etambula okuva mu 1991.  Ku kazinga k'eBuvuma, ab'ekibiina kya World Gospel Mission kikola okugema kw'abaana, Pulojekiti z'amazzi, batendeka abakyala abazaalisa, era bavujirira essomero lya Pulayimare. == Abakiikirira mu Paalamenti == [[File:Migadde Robert Ndugwa.jpg|thumb|Robert Migadde]] Omukiise mu Paalementi akiikirira Buvuma okuva mu 2001-2006 ne 2006-2011yali William Nsubuga. Yadda mu bigere bya John Richard Wasswa eyalekulira okuva mu 1996 okutuuka mu 2001. Mu 2011 Migadde Robert Ndugwa yalondebwa okudda mu bigere bya Nsubuga. Mu 2016, Migadde Robert Ndugwa yaddamu nalondebwa ku kisanja ekyokubiri ekyakoma mu 2021. == Obutonde n'okutema emition == Obuzinga bwakolebwa [[:en:Ironstone|enjjazi]] nga zaava mu [[:en:Quartzite|biyinja eby'edda]] ezakolebwa n'[[:en:Schists|enjazi entono ezikutuka ku lwazi olunnene]]. Ebizinga ebirala y'e Bugaia, Lingira ne Namiti. [[:en:Rusinga_Island|Rusinga]] ne [[:en:Mfangano_Island|Mfangano]] biri ku nsalosalo z'eKenya. Mu 1911 ''Britannica'' yagamba: "Ebizinga ebisinga kuno bikwatiridde ebibira ebikwafu, era ebimu ku bbyo biri ku nsozi. Obutonde bw'abwo busikiriza." Okugyako obuwanvu bw'ako, Rusinga ne Mfangano kaakano emiti gyabyo gyasalibwa. Disitulikiti y'eBuvuma kifo kyanjawulo ekyetoloddwa ekibira ekikwatiridde n'ebiwuka ebyenjawulo, ebinyonyi, ebimera ebyenjawulo, wamu n'olubalama lw'omusenyu ku buzinga obwenjawulo. Ebizinga bilina obutonde obusikiriza abalambuzi ebisobozesa: okwekennenya ebinyonyi, okuba olusiisira, ebisolo by'omunsiko, obukubo obutambulirwamu,okulambula, okuwalampa enjazi, okuvuga amaato, ebifaananyi eby'obutonde, emizannyo gy'okuvuba, emizaanyo gy'amazzi n'ebirala nkuyanja by'ogya okulaba ng'olambua mu bizinga by'eBuvuma. == Okunonyereza ku bintu eby'edda == Rusinga elina obuggaga mu bintu by'edda, era Mary Leakey yavumbula akawanga ka Proconsul africanus ku kazinga kano. Okwekuusa ku kimera ky'akazinga ka Rusinga ne Mfwanganu bitwalibwa okuba essomo lya paleobotanists. Waliwo okuvumbula okwazuulibwa etterekero ly'ebyedda erya Tervuren Museum, [[Bubirigi]], mu 1968 (ekyafulumizibwa mu 1971), ku kazinga ka Buvuma ne Bugaia mu Munyama Cave, Tonge Cave, ne Nakisito, gattako ebifo ebirala 47. Ebikozesebwa mu kubumba okuva mu 13,000 B.C. okutuuka mu 8,000 B.C. byazuulibwa. == Ebijuliziddwamu ==   guag6s6clvoo463l6ntunyiowwnifsc 65344 65343 2026-07-28T13:38:22Z Nakisozi 10800 65344 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ekizinga Buvuma''' (ng'olumu kiyitibwa Uvuma wano awaka) kye kizinga ekisinga obunenne mu kajegere k'ebizinga bya Buvuma mu [[Nnalubaale|Nnyanja Nalubaale]] ([[Lake victoria]]) mu Afirika{{Databox}} == Gye kisangibwa == Akajegere k'obuzinga obumanyiddwa nga Ebizinga by'e Buvuma lulimu obuzinga obusukka mu makumi ataano era nga busangibwa kiro mita ntono nnyo okuva ku lubalama [[Nnalubaale|lw'ennyanja Nnalubaale]], [[Yuganda]] mu Napoleon Gulf. Buvuma eteeberezebwa okubeera mu kiro mita 25 (16 mi), ku mazzi, mu Bukiikaddyo bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya [[Jinja]], era Kilomitaazi 90 (56 mi), mu Bubukiikaddyo bw'obuvanyuba bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya, [[Kampala]]. Kyekimu ku bitundu ebinene aby'omu [[:en:Buganda|Buganda]], kyali kitwalibwa nag ekitundu ku [[:en:Mukono|Mukono]] naye oluvanyuma yakyusibwa Gavumenti ya Uganda okufuuka Disitulikiti eyetongodde. [[File:Buvuma-Island.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'akazinga k'eBuvuma]] == Enyinyonyola == Akazinga akakulu Buvuma, nga kali ku buweege bw'ettaka bwa mailo 200, n'obungi bw'abantu 20,000. kyebulunguddwako ekibira, era nga kijjumbirwa abalambuzi abatalina kutya. Ekibira kisalibwa era ne kyokebwa okufunamu [[:en:Charcoal|amanda]] wakati w'amaato asatu olunaku okutundibwa mu kibuga kya Jinja. waliwo ebibira abiri mu mukaaga ebyayawulibwa okubeera eby'obulambuzi mu Buvuma. == Ebyentambula n'ebyobulamu == Waliwo ekidyeri ekikutuusa ku lukalu. Waliwo n'akaato akenkasi okuva eKiyindi, omwalo omukulu oguli ku lubalama lw'enyanja Nnalubaale. Amaato agasaabaza abantu buli lunaku okuva ku buzinga okutuuka e Masese, omwalo ogulinaanye [[Jinja]]. Waliwo amalwaliro abiri, naye tekuli masanyalaze ku kazinga. [[:en:African_trypanosomiasis|okubongoota]] n'[[:en:Tsetse_fly|ekivvu]] nsonga za kumwanjo nnyo. olw'ekitundu okuba nga kyonna kikozesa ku mazzi ga nnyanja, ate nga elumbibwa obuwuka, abajikozesa bolekera okukwatibwa ekirwadde kya [[:en:Bilharzia|Bilharzia.]] [[File:MV Buvuma ferry.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'ekidyeri ky'eBuvuma]] == Ebyenfuna == Ekitundu kirimu obwavu bungi okusinziira ku bitundu ebirala ebya Uganda kubanga ebyetaago ebiweerezebwaayo binyagibwa nga tebinnatuusibwa ku kazinga.  Amazzi gajjudde ebyenyanja era abatuuze b'e[[:en:Buvuma|Bavuma]] n'a[[:en:Busoga|Basoga]] basajja bavubi.  Mu 2012, Kampuni ekola butto eya Bidco Palm Oil Limited, ya yanja enteekateeka y'okutandikawo yiika 16,000 ez'esamba ly'abinazi n'ekkolero elifulumya butto, okutandiika mu mwaka gwa 2013. Ne yiika endala 8,600, mu nteekateeka y'abapakasi, enkola ya pulojekiti ya Bidco Palm Oil Project ku kazinga k'eBuvuma esuubirwa okusimba yiika 25,000, nga emmaliriza. == Ebyenjigiriza n'eddiini == Abataka abasinga tebaasoma era teboogera lungereza. Kimu kyakusatu mu batuuze Basiraamu, kimu ku bisatu bakkiriza omwenkanonkano, kimu kyakusatu bakulisitaayo. Pulojekiti esinga okukola eyabamisani yeyitibwa Youth With A Mission (YWAM) ku kazinga ka Lingira. Balina ebyobulamu ebisookerwako ne Pulojekiti y'ebyekulakulana ebadde etambula okuva mu 1991.  Ku kazinga k'eBuvuma, ab'ekibiina kya World Gospel Mission kikola okugema kw'abaana, Pulojekiti z'amazzi, batendeka abakyala abazaalisa, era bavujirira essomero lya Pulayimare. == Abakiikirira mu Paalamenti == [[File:Migadde Robert Ndugwa.jpg|thumb|Robert Migadde]] Omukiise mu Paalementi akiikirira Buvuma okuva mu 2001-2006 ne 2006-2011yali William Nsubuga. Yadda mu bigere bya John Richard Wasswa eyalekulira okuva mu 1996 okutuuka mu 2001. Mu 2011 Migadde Robert Ndugwa yalondebwa okudda mu bigere bya Nsubuga. Mu 2016, Migadde Robert Ndugwa yaddamu nalondebwa ku kisanja ekyokubiri ekyakoma mu 2021. == Obutonde n'okutema emition == Obuzinga bwakolebwa [[:en:Ironstone|enjjazi]] nga zaava mu [[:en:Quartzite|biyinja eby'edda]] ezakolebwa n'[[:en:Schists|enjazi entono ezikutuka ku lwazi olunnene]]. Ebizinga ebirala y'e Bugaia, Lingira ne Namiti. [[:en:Rusinga_Island|Rusinga]] ne [[:en:Mfangano_Island|Mfangano]] biri ku nsalosalo z'eKenya. Mu 1911 ''Britannica'' yagamba: "Ebizinga ebisinga kuno bikwatiridde ebibira ebikwafu, era ebimu ku bbyo biri ku nsozi. Obutonde bw'abwo busikiriza." Okugyako obuwanvu bw'ako, Rusinga ne Mfangano kaakano emiti gyabyo gyasalibwa. Disitulikiti y'eBuvuma kifo kyanjawulo ekyetoloddwa ekibira ekikwatiridde n'ebiwuka ebyenjawulo, ebinyonyi, ebimera ebyenjawulo, wamu n'olubalama lw'omusenyu ku buzinga obwenjawulo. Ebizinga bilina obutonde obusikiriza abalambuzi ebisobozesa: okwekennenya ebinyonyi, okuba olusiisira, ebisolo by'omunsiko, obukubo obutambulirwamu,okulambula, okuwalampa enjazi, okuvuga amaato, ebifaananyi eby'obutonde, emizannyo gy'okuvuba, emizaanyo gy'amazzi n'ebirala nkuyanja by'ogya okulaba ng'olambua mu bizinga by'eBuvuma. == Okunonyereza ku bintu eby'edda == Rusinga elina obuggaga mu bintu by'edda, era Mary Leakey yavumbula akawanga ka Proconsul africanus ku kazinga kano. Okwekuusa ku kimera ky'akazinga ka Rusinga ne Mfwanganu bitwalibwa okuba essomo lya paleobotanists. Waliwo okuvumbula okwazuulibwa etterekero ly'ebyedda erya Tervuren Museum, [[Bubirigi]], mu 1968 (ekyafulumizibwa mu 1971), ku kazinga ka Buvuma ne Bugaia mu Munyama Cave, Tonge Cave, ne Nakisito, gattako ebifo ebirala 47. Ebikozesebwa mu kubumba okuva mu 13,000 B.C. okutuuka mu 8,000 B.C. byazuulibwa. == Ebijuliziddwamu ==   cu9ce8t764qdz6pmt4e9fnevdhz1txd 65345 65344 2026-07-28T13:41:43Z Nakisozi 10800 /* Gye kisangibwa */ 65345 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ekizinga Buvuma''' (ng'olumu kiyitibwa Uvuma wano awaka) kye kizinga ekisinga obunenne mu kajegere k'ebizinga bya Buvuma mu [[Nnalubaale|Nnyanja Nalubaale]] ([[Lake victoria]]) mu Afirika{{Databox}} == Gye kisangibwa == Akajegere k'obuzinga obumanyiddwa ng' Ebizinga by'e Buvuma lulimu obuzinga obusukka mu makumi ataano era nga busangibwa kiro mita ntono nnyo okuva ku lubalama [[Nnalubaale|lw'ennyanja Nnalubaale]], [[Yuganda]] mu Napoleon Gulf. Buvuma eteeberezebwa okubeera mu kiro mita 25 (16 mi), ku mazzi, mu Bukiikaddyo bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya [[Jinja]], era Kilomitaazi 90 (56 mi), mu Bubukiikaddyo bw'obuvanyuba bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya, [[Kampala]]. Kyekimu ku bitundu ebinene aby'omu [[:en:Buganda|Buganda]], kyali kitwalibwa nag ekitundu ku [[:en:Mukono|Mukono]] naye oluvanyuma yakyusibwa Gavumenti ya Uganda okufuuka Disitulikiti eyetongodde. [[File:Buvuma-Island.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'akazinga k'eBuvuma]] == Enyinyonyola == Akazinga akakulu Buvuma, nga kali ku buweege bw'ettaka bwa mailo 200, n'obungi bw'abantu 20,000. kyebulunguddwako ekibira, era nga kijjumbirwa abalambuzi abatalina kutya. Ekibira kisalibwa era ne kyokebwa okufunamu [[:en:Charcoal|amanda]] wakati w'amaato asatu olunaku okutundibwa mu kibuga kya Jinja. waliwo ebibira abiri mu mukaaga ebyayawulibwa okubeera eby'obulambuzi mu Buvuma. == Ebyentambula n'ebyobulamu == Waliwo ekidyeri ekikutuusa ku lukalu. Waliwo n'akaato akenkasi okuva eKiyindi, omwalo omukulu oguli ku lubalama lw'enyanja Nnalubaale. Amaato agasaabaza abantu buli lunaku okuva ku buzinga okutuuka e Masese, omwalo ogulinaanye [[Jinja]]. Waliwo amalwaliro abiri, naye tekuli masanyalaze ku kazinga. [[:en:African_trypanosomiasis|okubongoota]] n'[[:en:Tsetse_fly|ekivvu]] nsonga za kumwanjo nnyo. olw'ekitundu okuba nga kyonna kikozesa ku mazzi ga nnyanja, ate nga elumbibwa obuwuka, abajikozesa bolekera okukwatibwa ekirwadde kya [[:en:Bilharzia|Bilharzia.]] [[File:MV Buvuma ferry.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'ekidyeri ky'eBuvuma]] == Ebyenfuna == Ekitundu kirimu obwavu bungi okusinziira ku bitundu ebirala ebya Uganda kubanga ebyetaago ebiweerezebwaayo binyagibwa nga tebinnatuusibwa ku kazinga.  Amazzi gajjudde ebyenyanja era abatuuze b'e[[:en:Buvuma|Bavuma]] n'a[[:en:Busoga|Basoga]] basajja bavubi.  Mu 2012, Kampuni ekola butto eya Bidco Palm Oil Limited, ya yanja enteekateeka y'okutandikawo yiika 16,000 ez'esamba ly'abinazi n'ekkolero elifulumya butto, okutandiika mu mwaka gwa 2013. Ne yiika endala 8,600, mu nteekateeka y'abapakasi, enkola ya pulojekiti ya Bidco Palm Oil Project ku kazinga k'eBuvuma esuubirwa okusimba yiika 25,000, nga emmaliriza. == Ebyenjigiriza n'eddiini == Abataka abasinga tebaasoma era teboogera lungereza. Kimu kyakusatu mu batuuze Basiraamu, kimu ku bisatu bakkiriza omwenkanonkano, kimu kyakusatu bakulisitaayo. Pulojekiti esinga okukola eyabamisani yeyitibwa Youth With A Mission (YWAM) ku kazinga ka Lingira. Balina ebyobulamu ebisookerwako ne Pulojekiti y'ebyekulakulana ebadde etambula okuva mu 1991.  Ku kazinga k'eBuvuma, ab'ekibiina kya World Gospel Mission kikola okugema kw'abaana, Pulojekiti z'amazzi, batendeka abakyala abazaalisa, era bavujirira essomero lya Pulayimare. == Abakiikirira mu Paalamenti == [[File:Migadde Robert Ndugwa.jpg|thumb|Robert Migadde]] Omukiise mu Paalementi akiikirira Buvuma okuva mu 2001-2006 ne 2006-2011yali William Nsubuga. Yadda mu bigere bya John Richard Wasswa eyalekulira okuva mu 1996 okutuuka mu 2001. Mu 2011 Migadde Robert Ndugwa yalondebwa okudda mu bigere bya Nsubuga. Mu 2016, Migadde Robert Ndugwa yaddamu nalondebwa ku kisanja ekyokubiri ekyakoma mu 2021. == Obutonde n'okutema emition == Obuzinga bwakolebwa [[:en:Ironstone|enjjazi]] nga zaava mu [[:en:Quartzite|biyinja eby'edda]] ezakolebwa n'[[:en:Schists|enjazi entono ezikutuka ku lwazi olunnene]]. Ebizinga ebirala y'e Bugaia, Lingira ne Namiti. [[:en:Rusinga_Island|Rusinga]] ne [[:en:Mfangano_Island|Mfangano]] biri ku nsalosalo z'eKenya. Mu 1911 ''Britannica'' yagamba: "Ebizinga ebisinga kuno bikwatiridde ebibira ebikwafu, era ebimu ku bbyo biri ku nsozi. Obutonde bw'abwo busikiriza." Okugyako obuwanvu bw'ako, Rusinga ne Mfangano kaakano emiti gyabyo gyasalibwa. Disitulikiti y'eBuvuma kifo kyanjawulo ekyetoloddwa ekibira ekikwatiridde n'ebiwuka ebyenjawulo, ebinyonyi, ebimera ebyenjawulo, wamu n'olubalama lw'omusenyu ku buzinga obwenjawulo. Ebizinga bilina obutonde obusikiriza abalambuzi ebisobozesa: okwekennenya ebinyonyi, okuba olusiisira, ebisolo by'omunsiko, obukubo obutambulirwamu,okulambula, okuwalampa enjazi, okuvuga amaato, ebifaananyi eby'obutonde, emizannyo gy'okuvuba, emizaanyo gy'amazzi n'ebirala nkuyanja by'ogya okulaba ng'olambua mu bizinga by'eBuvuma. == Okunonyereza ku bintu eby'edda == Rusinga elina obuggaga mu bintu by'edda, era Mary Leakey yavumbula akawanga ka Proconsul africanus ku kazinga kano. Okwekuusa ku kimera ky'akazinga ka Rusinga ne Mfwanganu bitwalibwa okuba essomo lya paleobotanists. Waliwo okuvumbula okwazuulibwa etterekero ly'ebyedda erya Tervuren Museum, [[Bubirigi]], mu 1968 (ekyafulumizibwa mu 1971), ku kazinga ka Buvuma ne Bugaia mu Munyama Cave, Tonge Cave, ne Nakisito, gattako ebifo ebirala 47. Ebikozesebwa mu kubumba okuva mu 13,000 B.C. okutuuka mu 8,000 B.C. byazuulibwa. == Ebijuliziddwamu ==   lwonc1ijjp3det5ak44i9gqplplrhpo 65346 65345 2026-07-28T13:42:24Z Nakisozi 10800 /* Gye kisangibwa */ 65346 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ekizinga Buvuma''' (ng'olumu kiyitibwa Uvuma wano awaka) kye kizinga ekisinga obunenne mu kajegere k'ebizinga bya Buvuma mu [[Nnalubaale|Nnyanja Nalubaale]] ([[Lake victoria]]) mu Afirika{{Databox}} == Gye kisangibwa == Akajegere k'obuzinga obumanyiddwa ng' Ebizinga by'e Buvuma lulimu obuzinga obusukka mu makumi ataano era nga busangibwa kiro mita ntono nnyo okuva ku lubalama [[Nnalubaale|lw'ennyanja Nnalubaale]], [[Uganda]] mu Napoleon Gulf. Buvuma eteeberezebwa okubeera mu kiro mita 25 (16 mi), ku mazzi, mu Bukiikaddyo bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya [[Jinja]], era Kilomitaazi 90 (56 mi), mu Bubukiikaddyo bw'obuvanyuba bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya, [[Kampala]]. Kyekimu ku bitundu ebinene aby'omu [[:en:Buganda|Buganda]], kyali kitwalibwa nag ekitundu ku [[:en:Mukono|Mukono]] naye oluvanyuma yakyusibwa Gavumenti ya Uganda okufuuka Disitulikiti eyetongodde. [[File:Buvuma-Island.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'akazinga k'eBuvuma]] == Enyinyonyola == Akazinga akakulu Buvuma, nga kali ku buweege bw'ettaka bwa mailo 200, n'obungi bw'abantu 20,000. kyebulunguddwako ekibira, era nga kijjumbirwa abalambuzi abatalina kutya. Ekibira kisalibwa era ne kyokebwa okufunamu [[:en:Charcoal|amanda]] wakati w'amaato asatu olunaku okutundibwa mu kibuga kya Jinja. waliwo ebibira abiri mu mukaaga ebyayawulibwa okubeera eby'obulambuzi mu Buvuma. == Ebyentambula n'ebyobulamu == Waliwo ekidyeri ekikutuusa ku lukalu. Waliwo n'akaato akenkasi okuva eKiyindi, omwalo omukulu oguli ku lubalama lw'enyanja Nnalubaale. Amaato agasaabaza abantu buli lunaku okuva ku buzinga okutuuka e Masese, omwalo ogulinaanye [[Jinja]]. Waliwo amalwaliro abiri, naye tekuli masanyalaze ku kazinga. [[:en:African_trypanosomiasis|okubongoota]] n'[[:en:Tsetse_fly|ekivvu]] nsonga za kumwanjo nnyo. olw'ekitundu okuba nga kyonna kikozesa ku mazzi ga nnyanja, ate nga elumbibwa obuwuka, abajikozesa bolekera okukwatibwa ekirwadde kya [[:en:Bilharzia|Bilharzia.]] [[File:MV Buvuma ferry.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'ekidyeri ky'eBuvuma]] == Ebyenfuna == Ekitundu kirimu obwavu bungi okusinziira ku bitundu ebirala ebya Uganda kubanga ebyetaago ebiweerezebwaayo binyagibwa nga tebinnatuusibwa ku kazinga.  Amazzi gajjudde ebyenyanja era abatuuze b'e[[:en:Buvuma|Bavuma]] n'a[[:en:Busoga|Basoga]] basajja bavubi.  Mu 2012, Kampuni ekola butto eya Bidco Palm Oil Limited, ya yanja enteekateeka y'okutandikawo yiika 16,000 ez'esamba ly'abinazi n'ekkolero elifulumya butto, okutandiika mu mwaka gwa 2013. Ne yiika endala 8,600, mu nteekateeka y'abapakasi, enkola ya pulojekiti ya Bidco Palm Oil Project ku kazinga k'eBuvuma esuubirwa okusimba yiika 25,000, nga emmaliriza. == Ebyenjigiriza n'eddiini == Abataka abasinga tebaasoma era teboogera lungereza. Kimu kyakusatu mu batuuze Basiraamu, kimu ku bisatu bakkiriza omwenkanonkano, kimu kyakusatu bakulisitaayo. Pulojekiti esinga okukola eyabamisani yeyitibwa Youth With A Mission (YWAM) ku kazinga ka Lingira. Balina ebyobulamu ebisookerwako ne Pulojekiti y'ebyekulakulana ebadde etambula okuva mu 1991.  Ku kazinga k'eBuvuma, ab'ekibiina kya World Gospel Mission kikola okugema kw'abaana, Pulojekiti z'amazzi, batendeka abakyala abazaalisa, era bavujirira essomero lya Pulayimare. == Abakiikirira mu Paalamenti == [[File:Migadde Robert Ndugwa.jpg|thumb|Robert Migadde]] Omukiise mu Paalementi akiikirira Buvuma okuva mu 2001-2006 ne 2006-2011yali William Nsubuga. Yadda mu bigere bya John Richard Wasswa eyalekulira okuva mu 1996 okutuuka mu 2001. Mu 2011 Migadde Robert Ndugwa yalondebwa okudda mu bigere bya Nsubuga. Mu 2016, Migadde Robert Ndugwa yaddamu nalondebwa ku kisanja ekyokubiri ekyakoma mu 2021. == Obutonde n'okutema emition == Obuzinga bwakolebwa [[:en:Ironstone|enjjazi]] nga zaava mu [[:en:Quartzite|biyinja eby'edda]] ezakolebwa n'[[:en:Schists|enjazi entono ezikutuka ku lwazi olunnene]]. Ebizinga ebirala y'e Bugaia, Lingira ne Namiti. [[:en:Rusinga_Island|Rusinga]] ne [[:en:Mfangano_Island|Mfangano]] biri ku nsalosalo z'eKenya. Mu 1911 ''Britannica'' yagamba: "Ebizinga ebisinga kuno bikwatiridde ebibira ebikwafu, era ebimu ku bbyo biri ku nsozi. Obutonde bw'abwo busikiriza." Okugyako obuwanvu bw'ako, Rusinga ne Mfangano kaakano emiti gyabyo gyasalibwa. Disitulikiti y'eBuvuma kifo kyanjawulo ekyetoloddwa ekibira ekikwatiridde n'ebiwuka ebyenjawulo, ebinyonyi, ebimera ebyenjawulo, wamu n'olubalama lw'omusenyu ku buzinga obwenjawulo. Ebizinga bilina obutonde obusikiriza abalambuzi ebisobozesa: okwekennenya ebinyonyi, okuba olusiisira, ebisolo by'omunsiko, obukubo obutambulirwamu,okulambula, okuwalampa enjazi, okuvuga amaato, ebifaananyi eby'obutonde, emizannyo gy'okuvuba, emizaanyo gy'amazzi n'ebirala nkuyanja by'ogya okulaba ng'olambua mu bizinga by'eBuvuma. == Okunonyereza ku bintu eby'edda == Rusinga elina obuggaga mu bintu by'edda, era Mary Leakey yavumbula akawanga ka Proconsul africanus ku kazinga kano. Okwekuusa ku kimera ky'akazinga ka Rusinga ne Mfwanganu bitwalibwa okuba essomo lya paleobotanists. Waliwo okuvumbula okwazuulibwa etterekero ly'ebyedda erya Tervuren Museum, [[Bubirigi]], mu 1968 (ekyafulumizibwa mu 1971), ku kazinga ka Buvuma ne Bugaia mu Munyama Cave, Tonge Cave, ne Nakisito, gattako ebifo ebirala 47. Ebikozesebwa mu kubumba okuva mu 13,000 B.C. okutuuka mu 8,000 B.C. byazuulibwa. == Ebijuliziddwamu ==   5gm3nd0qov6gqk2x7g3lvdzjh8193k6 65347 65346 2026-07-28T13:54:32Z Nakisozi 10800 /* Gye kisangibwa */ 65347 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ekizinga Buvuma''' (ng'olumu kiyitibwa Uvuma wano awaka) kye kizinga ekisinga obunenne mu kajegere k'ebizinga bya Buvuma mu [[Nnalubaale|Nnyanja Nalubaale]] ([[Lake victoria]]) mu Afirika{{Databox}} == Gye kisangibwa == Akajegere k'obuzinga obumanyiddwa ng' Ebizinga by'e Buvuma lulimu obuzinga obusukka mu makumi ataano era nga busangibwa kiro mita ntono nnyo okuva ku lubalama [[Nnalubaale|lw'ennyanja Nnalubaale]], [[Uganda]] mu katundu akayitibwa Napoleon. Buvuma eteeberezebwa okubeera mu kiro mita 25 (16 mi), ku mazzi, mu Bukiikaddyo bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya [[Jinja]], era Kilomitaazi 90 (56 mi), mu Bubukiikaddyo bw'obuvanyuba bw'ekibuga ekikulu ekya, [[Kampala]]. Kyekimu ku bitundu ebinene aby'omu [[:en:Buganda|Buganda]], kyali kitwalibwa nag ekitundu ku [[:en:Mukono|Mukono]] naye oluvanyuma yakyusibwa Gavumenti ya Uganda okufuuka Disitulikiti eyetongodde. [[File:Buvuma-Island.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'akazinga k'eBuvuma]] == Enyinyonyola == Akazinga akakulu Buvuma, nga kali ku buweege bw'ettaka bwa mailo 200, n'obungi bw'abantu 20,000. kyebulunguddwako ekibira, era nga kijjumbirwa abalambuzi abatalina kutya. Ekibira kisalibwa era ne kyokebwa okufunamu [[:en:Charcoal|amanda]] wakati w'amaato asatu olunaku okutundibwa mu kibuga kya Jinja. waliwo ebibira abiri mu mukaaga ebyayawulibwa okubeera eby'obulambuzi mu Buvuma. == Ebyentambula n'ebyobulamu == Waliwo ekidyeri ekikutuusa ku lukalu. Waliwo n'akaato akenkasi okuva eKiyindi, omwalo omukulu oguli ku lubalama lw'enyanja Nnalubaale. Amaato agasaabaza abantu buli lunaku okuva ku buzinga okutuuka e Masese, omwalo ogulinaanye [[Jinja]]. Waliwo amalwaliro abiri, naye tekuli masanyalaze ku kazinga. [[:en:African_trypanosomiasis|okubongoota]] n'[[:en:Tsetse_fly|ekivvu]] nsonga za kumwanjo nnyo. olw'ekitundu okuba nga kyonna kikozesa ku mazzi ga nnyanja, ate nga elumbibwa obuwuka, abajikozesa bolekera okukwatibwa ekirwadde kya [[:en:Bilharzia|Bilharzia.]] [[File:MV Buvuma ferry.jpg|thumb|Endabika y'ekidyeri ky'eBuvuma]] == Ebyenfuna == Ekitundu kirimu obwavu bungi okusinziira ku bitundu ebirala ebya Uganda kubanga ebyetaago ebiweerezebwaayo binyagibwa nga tebinnatuusibwa ku kazinga.  Amazzi gajjudde ebyenyanja era abatuuze b'e[[:en:Buvuma|Bavuma]] n'a[[:en:Busoga|Basoga]] basajja bavubi.  Mu 2012, Kampuni ekola butto eya Bidco Palm Oil Limited, ya yanja enteekateeka y'okutandikawo yiika 16,000 ez'esamba ly'abinazi n'ekkolero elifulumya butto, okutandiika mu mwaka gwa 2013. Ne yiika endala 8,600, mu nteekateeka y'abapakasi, enkola ya pulojekiti ya Bidco Palm Oil Project ku kazinga k'eBuvuma esuubirwa okusimba yiika 25,000, nga emmaliriza. == Ebyenjigiriza n'eddiini == Abataka abasinga tebaasoma era teboogera lungereza. Kimu kyakusatu mu batuuze Basiraamu, kimu ku bisatu bakkiriza omwenkanonkano, kimu kyakusatu bakulisitaayo. Pulojekiti esinga okukola eyabamisani yeyitibwa Youth With A Mission (YWAM) ku kazinga ka Lingira. Balina ebyobulamu ebisookerwako ne Pulojekiti y'ebyekulakulana ebadde etambula okuva mu 1991.  Ku kazinga k'eBuvuma, ab'ekibiina kya World Gospel Mission kikola okugema kw'abaana, Pulojekiti z'amazzi, batendeka abakyala abazaalisa, era bavujirira essomero lya Pulayimare. == Abakiikirira mu Paalamenti == [[File:Migadde Robert Ndugwa.jpg|thumb|Robert Migadde]] Omukiise mu Paalementi akiikirira Buvuma okuva mu 2001-2006 ne 2006-2011yali William Nsubuga. Yadda mu bigere bya John Richard Wasswa eyalekulira okuva mu 1996 okutuuka mu 2001. Mu 2011 Migadde Robert Ndugwa yalondebwa okudda mu bigere bya Nsubuga. Mu 2016, Migadde Robert Ndugwa yaddamu nalondebwa ku kisanja ekyokubiri ekyakoma mu 2021. == Obutonde n'okutema emition == Obuzinga bwakolebwa [[:en:Ironstone|enjjazi]] nga zaava mu [[:en:Quartzite|biyinja eby'edda]] ezakolebwa n'[[:en:Schists|enjazi entono ezikutuka ku lwazi olunnene]]. Ebizinga ebirala y'e Bugaia, Lingira ne Namiti. [[:en:Rusinga_Island|Rusinga]] ne [[:en:Mfangano_Island|Mfangano]] biri ku nsalosalo z'eKenya. Mu 1911 ''Britannica'' yagamba: "Ebizinga ebisinga kuno bikwatiridde ebibira ebikwafu, era ebimu ku bbyo biri ku nsozi. Obutonde bw'abwo busikiriza." Okugyako obuwanvu bw'ako, Rusinga ne Mfangano kaakano emiti gyabyo gyasalibwa. Disitulikiti y'eBuvuma kifo kyanjawulo ekyetoloddwa ekibira ekikwatiridde n'ebiwuka ebyenjawulo, ebinyonyi, ebimera ebyenjawulo, wamu n'olubalama lw'omusenyu ku buzinga obwenjawulo. Ebizinga bilina obutonde obusikiriza abalambuzi ebisobozesa: okwekennenya ebinyonyi, okuba olusiisira, ebisolo by'omunsiko, obukubo obutambulirwamu,okulambula, okuwalampa enjazi, okuvuga amaato, ebifaananyi eby'obutonde, emizannyo gy'okuvuba, emizaanyo gy'amazzi n'ebirala nkuyanja by'ogya okulaba ng'olambua mu bizinga by'eBuvuma. == Okunonyereza ku bintu eby'edda == Rusinga elina obuggaga mu bintu by'edda, era Mary Leakey yavumbula akawanga ka Proconsul africanus ku kazinga kano. Okwekuusa ku kimera ky'akazinga ka Rusinga ne Mfwanganu bitwalibwa okuba essomo lya paleobotanists. Waliwo okuvumbula okwazuulibwa etterekero ly'ebyedda erya Tervuren Museum, [[Bubirigi]], mu 1968 (ekyafulumizibwa mu 1971), ku kazinga ka Buvuma ne Bugaia mu Munyama Cave, Tonge Cave, ne Nakisito, gattako ebifo ebirala 47. Ebikozesebwa mu kubumba okuva mu 13,000 B.C. okutuuka mu 8,000 B.C. byazuulibwa. == Ebijuliziddwamu ==   9u9db6crrtmsrzc02rl5ohndde20arz 0 8116 65423 61751 2026-07-29T10:01:43Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Babungi Josephine Bebona''' amanyikiddwa nga '''Josephine Babungi Bebona''' Munnayuganda, muzaalisa era Omubaka wa Paalamenti omukyala akiikirira [[:en:Bundibugyo_District|Disitulikiti y'e Bundibugyo]] mu Paalamenti ya Uganda ey'ekumineemu okuva mu Gwokusatu 2021.<ref>https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/bebona-babungi-josephine-10191/</ref><ref>https://theyworkforyou.github.io/uganda-parliament-watch/mp/ea7afc52-f4c9-437a-b88d-acb066f14b5e/</ref> Mmemba mu kibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekya National Resisitance Movement (NRM)<ref name=":0">https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=348</ref> ng'era abadde mu Paalamenti ya Uganda okuva mu 2016.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |url=https://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/vision/NewVisionaApi/v1/uploads/NV010316pg35.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-04 |archive-date=2022-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017090253/https://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/vision/NewVisionaApi/v1/uploads/NV010316pg35.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=NRM Parliamentary Caucus|work=NATIONAL RESISTANCE MOVEMENT|url=https://www.nrm.ug/party-organs/nrm-parliamentary-caucus|access-date=14 March 2021|archive-date=6 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506150738/https://nrm.ug/party-organs/nrm-parliamentary-caucus|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Obuto bwe n'okusoma kwe == Babungi Josephine Bebona yazaalibwa nga 6 Ogusooka mu 1973 mu [[:en:Bundibugyo_District|Disitulikiti y'e Bundibugyo]], mu [[:en:Western_Region,_Uganda|Bitundu by'Obukiikaddyo]] bwa Uganda nga kisalagana n'e [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo|Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. Yasomera ku Semuliki High School mu Bundibugyo, ng'eno gye yamaliriza emisomo gye egya siniya mu 1989. Yafuna satifikeeti y'okubeera omuzaalisa mu 1997 okuva kutendekero lya Kabale School of Nursing and Midwifery. Mu 2004, Babungi Josephine Bebona yafuna satifikeeti emukakasa n'okumuwandiisa ng'omuzaalisa atuukiridde okuva kutendekero lya Rubaga School of Nursing and Midwifery.<ref name=":0" /> == Emirimu gye == Babungi Josephine Bebona yali muzaalisa omuwandiise okuva mu 1999 okutuuka mu 2003. Yafuuka omusawo mu ddaala lya Gavumenti z'Ebitundu ku Disitulikiti y'e Bundibugyookuva mu 2005 okutuuka mu 2016. Ensangi zino awereza nga Omubaka wa Paalamenti omukyala akiikirira Disitulikiti y'e Bundibugyo okuva mu 2016 n'okutuuka kati.<ref name=":0" /> Ng'ogyeko emirimu gya Paalamenti, abadde ku bukiiko obw'enjawulo omuli: akalwanyisa akawuka kamukenenya, siriimu n'enddwadde endala, n'akakiiko k'eby'obulamu.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf</ref> == Ebirala by'akoze == Babungi Josephine Bebona yayambako mu kutabaganya obutabanguko obwali mu mawanga wakati wa [[:en:Bakonjo|Bakonjo]] n'aba Bamba mu Disitulikiti y'e Bundibugyo.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/vision/NewVisionaApi/v1/uploads/NV010316pg35.pdf |title=Archive copy |access-date=2022-04-04 |archive-date=2022-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017090253/https://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/vision/NewVisionaApi/v1/uploads/NV010316pg35.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Yeenyigira mu by'okutwaala ebikozesebwa eri amaka agaali gatawanyiziddwa amataba mu Bundibugyo, ng'ali wamu n'ekitongole ekiddukirira abantu abalina obuzibu munsi ekya [[:en:Uganda_Red_Cross_Society|Uganda Red Cross Society]], ne Gavumenti ya Uganda mu 2019<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20211125231343/https://nbs.ug/2019/12/disaster-in-bundibugyo/</ref> era, yasaba ofiisi ya Ssaabaminista wa Uganda okuteeka Disitulikiti ya Bundibugyo munteekateeka z'okusengula Disitulikiti eno olw'okutaataganyizibwanga ebigwa bitalaze buli mwaka.<ref>https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/where-your-mp-stands-on-age-limit-debate-1718482</ref> Yeetaba ne mu kuwakanya eby'okwongeza ebisanja ku myaka pulezidenti w'eggwanga by'alina okufuga wadde nga yasigala tasazeewo mu kaseera okukubaganya ebirowoozo kunsonga eno we kwakomekerezebwa mu 2017.<ref>https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/where-your-mp-stands-on-age-limit-debate-1718482</ref> Babungi Josephine Bebona yeeyatandikawo pulojekiti y'okukulakulanya emirimu gy'abakyala egy'emikono, egyalina ekigendererwa eky'okuyamba abantu nadala abalina obulemu ku mibiri, nga oluvannyuma kyatongozebwa Sipiika wa Paalamenti ya Uganda mu 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://theinsider.ug/index.php/2018/10/29/bundibugyo-district-on-the-spot-for-marginalizing-pwds/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2024-03-25 |archive-date=2021-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513003623/https://theinsider.ug/index.php/2018/10/29/bundibugyo-district-on-the-spot-for-marginalizing-pwds/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Y'omu kubabadde ku kakiiko akalwanyisa akawuka kamukenenya n'enddwadde ya siriimu, wamu n'ensonga ezeekuusa ku kyo nga yasobola okufuna obubonero bwa 67.86.<ref name=":2" /> Yeenyigidde mu pulojekiti ez'enjawulo omwali okugulira abayisi b'ekibiina ekisooka ne P7 emifaliso, okuwa Dr. Bukombi ow'eddwaliro lya Kikyo Health Center n'erya Bundibugyo ekyuma ekijanjaba sukaali, yagaba embuzi n'ente eri abalimi abamu, yagaba obutebe bwa pulasitiika 30 wamu n'akakadde kamu (1,000,000) aka ssilingi za Uganda eri ekibiina kya Mijosa Group.<ref name=":2" /> == Laba ne bino == * [[:en:List_of_members_of_the_eleventh_Parliament_of_Uganda|Olukalala lwa babaka ba Paalamenti ya Uganda ey'ekumineemu]] * [[:en:Bundibugyo_District|Disitulikiti y'e Bundibugyo]] * [[:en:National_Resistance_Movement|Ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekya National Resistance Movement]] * [[:en:Parliament_of_Uganda|Paalamenti ya Uganda]] * [[:en:Member_of_parliament|Omubaka wa Paalamenti]] * [[:en:Richard_Gafabusa|Richard Gafabusa]] * [[:en:Christopher_Kibanzaga|Christopher Kibanzanga]] == Ebijuliziddwaamu w'abweru wa Wikipedia == * [https://www.parliament.go.ug/ Ku mukutu gwa Paalamenti ya Uganda] == Ebijuliziddwaamu == <references /> [[Category:Bannabyabufuzi mu Uganda]] o6f2rabr6ob70e7fv8ppnjvbsmdontt 0 8166 65407 65188 2026-07-29T07:41:04Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Ada Ogochukwu Ehi''' (yazaalibwa mu Gwomwenda 1987), amanyiddwa olw'erinnya lyakozesa ku sitaagi erya '''Ada Ehi''', [[:en:Nigerian|Omunigeria]] ono muyimbi wa nnyimba za ddiini era muwandiisi wa nnyimba.<ref name="Youtube">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWOJRwBGSOw&t=5s</ref> Yatandiika okuyimba nga alina emyaka 10 era yatandikira mu child star Tosin Jegede. Bweyatandiikira obukugu bw'okuyimba mu [[:en:Loveworld_Records|Loveworld Records]] mu 2009, ettutumu lye ne lye yongera mu nsi ye wamu n'amawanga ageebunayiira ng'ayita mu nnyimba ze wamu n'obutambi bwazo.<ref name="Premiumtimesng">Jayne Augoye (July 8, 2017).</ref><ref name="Onlinenigeria">Daniel Anazia (July 8, 2017).</ref> == Ebimukwatako == === Obuto bwe === Omukyala ono yazaalibwa omwami Victor n'omukyala Mabel Ndukauba, Ehi ne bannyina 3 abalala baakula bawuliriza ennyimba ez'eddiini. .Mutuuze mu [[:en:Imo_State|ssaza ly'e Imo]] mu [[Nigeria]].<ref name="gospelminds.com">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://gospelminds.com/news/ada-ehi-biography-husband-career/ |access-date=2022-09-17 |archive-date=2022-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171336/https://gospelminds.com/news/ada-ehi-biography-husband-career/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ku myaka 10 , yalondebwa okubeera omu ku bayimbi mu band y'abawala abato abayimbi mu Nigeria [[Tosin Jegede]]. Yatikkirwa mu [[Lagos State University]], (mu B.Sc Chemical & Polymer Engineering). Nga akyali mu yuniversite , yeenyigiranga mu kutendeereza mu Believers Loveworld Campus Fellowship.<ref name="Independent">Chinyere Abiaziem (July 17, 2017).</ref> Oluvannyuma yeegatta ku kwaya ya [[Christ Embassy]] era okuva olwo, abadde ayimbira ddala mu kwaya y'ekkanisa eno. Ehi yeegatta ku Loveworld Records mu 2009.<ref name="busytape.com">"Ada Ehi Biography & Net Worth".</ref> Yasisinkana , Moses Ehi, ku kkanisa ya Christ Embassy bweyali yeegezaamu mu nnyimba n'akyali ku yunivasite. Bano bagattibwa mu bufumbo obutukuvu mu 2008 era nga abafumbo bano balina abaana 2 .<ref>"Official Profile and Biography of Nigeria Gospel Musician Ada Ogochukwu Ehi".</ref><ref name="busytape.com2">{{cite web |last=Ada |first=Jack |date=September 14, 2024 |title=Ada Ehi Biography, Age & Net Worth 2024 |url=https://www.naijapickup.com/mp3-music/artistes/ada-ehi/ |access-date=September 14, 2024 |website=Np Media}}</ref> === Okuyimba kwe === Okuva lwe yeegatta ku kwaya ya Christ Embassy , Ehi yeenyigidde butereevu mu minisitule y'ennyimba ku Christ Embassy, era ayimbye ku mikolo egy'enjawulo egy'ekkanisa eno mu ggwanga lye wamu n'ensi endala omuli Bungereza ,Amerika n'ensi za Afrika eziwera ..<ref name="Sunnewsonline">Uche Atuma (July 16, 2017).</ref> Alubaamu ye eyasooka eyitibwa ''Undenied'' yafuluma mu mwezi gw'ekkumi n'ogumu mu 2009. Yo alubaamu ya ''Lifted & So Fly'', yafuluma mu gw'ekkumi n'ogumu mu mwaka 2013.<ref name="OnlineNigeria">Francisca Kadiri (February 26, 2016).</ref><ref name="AllAfrica">ThisDay (August 29, 2009).</ref><ref name="Nigeriatribune">Francisca Kadiri (February 26, 2016).</ref><ref name="Selahafrik">{{cite web |author=Alex Amos |date=August 31, 2013 |title=UPCLOSE: "I ROAR IN TONGUES" – "I'M RICH" CROONER ADA EHI IS ON FIRE! TALKS SPIRITUALITY, UPCOMING ALBUM, LOVE, FASHION AND MORE |url=http://selahafrik.com/2013/08/upclose-i-roar-in-tongues-im-rich-crooner-ada-ehi-is-on-fire-talks-spirituality-upcoming-album-love-fashion-and-more/ |accessdate=July 10, 2017 |publisher=selahafrik}}</ref> Yafulumya alubaamu ye eyookusatu eyitibwa , ''Future Now'', mu gw'omwenda 16, 2017. Alubaamu eno yatwaala ekifo ekisooka ku iTunes mu Nigeria ku lunaku lwe lumu .<ref>https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/10/adas-new-album-future-itunes/amp/</ref> == Discography == === Studio albums === * ''Undenied'' (2009) * ''Lifted'' (2013) * ''So Fly'' (2013) * ''Future Now'' (2017) * ''Ada's EP Vol 1'' (2019) * ''Born Of God'' (2020)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-18 |title=Ada Ehi – Born Of God Album |url=https://www.naijamusic.com.ng/ada-ehi-born-of-god-album/ |access-date=2021-01-06 |website=NaijaMusic |language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-01-01 |title=On 'Born of God,' Ada Ehi is resilient and grateful [Pulse Album Review] |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/review-ada-ehi-born-of-god-new-album/m8ecbgb |access-date=2021-01-06 |newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]] |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107184023/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/review-ada-ehi-born-of-god-new-album/m8ecbgb |url-status=dead }}</ref> * ''Everything'' (2021)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gikaru |first=Josephine |date=2024-10-01 |title=Ada Ehi Releases Consecrated EP |url=https://www.mdundoforartists.com/post/ada-ehi-releases-consecrated-ep |access-date=2025-06-13 |website=Mdundoforartists |language=en}}</ref> === Selected singlesDefinitely === {| class="wikitable sortable" !sn !Single !Year released |- |1 |Bobo Me |2012<ref name="Notjustok">{{cite web |date=August 12, 2015 |title=Ada – iTestify + Only You Jesus |url=http://notjustok.com/2015/08/12/ada-itestify-only-you-jesus/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804065034/http://notjustok.com/2015/08/12/ada-itestify-only-you-jesus/ |archive-date=August 4, 2017 |accessdate=July 10, 2017 |publisher=Notjustok}}</ref> |- |2 |Our God Reigns |2015 |- |3 |Only You Jesus |2016<ref name="Netnaija">{{cite web |date=November 10, 2024 |title=Ada Ehi – Yes Sir feat Mercy Chinwo Mp3 Download |url=https://www.naijawahala.ng/ada-ehi-yes-sir-ft-mercy-chinwo/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216161950/https://www.naijawahala.ng/ada-ehi-yes-sir-ft-mercy-chinwo/ |archive-date=December 16, 2024 |accessdate=November 10, 2024 |website=Naija Wahala}}</ref> |- |4 |I Testify |2016 |- |5 |Cheta |2016 |- |6 |Jesus (You are Able) |2016 |- |7 |I Overcame |2017 |- |8 |Like This |April 2019 |- |9 |Settled |February 2020<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-05 |title=Ada Ehi - Settled - Mp3 Download {{!}} Music |url=https://notjustok.com/gospelmusic/ada-ehi-settled/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220143339/https://notjustok.com/gospelmusic/ada-ehi-settled/ |archive-date=February 20, 2020 |access-date=2020-02-20 |website=NotJustOk |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |10 |Fix My Eyes on You ft. Sinach |March 2020<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sellasmanna |first1=Media |date=September 18, 2024 |title=Ada Ehi Released New Album "Consecrated" |url=https://www.naijapickup.com/album/ada-ehi-consecrated-download/ |accessdate=September 18, 2024 |website=Ada Gh Worshipers |publisher=Worshippers GH}}</ref> |- |11 |Now |Dec 2020<ref>{{Cite web |last=BellaNaija.com |date=2020-12-04 |title=New Music: Ada Ehi – Now |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/12/ada-ehi-now/ |access-date=2021-01-06 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |12 |Open Doors |September 2021<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tv |first=Bn |date=2021-09-22 |title=Lyric Video: Ada Ehi – Open Doors |url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2021/09/ada-ehi-open-doors/ |access-date=2021-10-01 |website=BellaNaija |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |13 |Another Miracle ft.[[:en:Dena_Mwana|Dena Mwana]] |July 2023<ref>{{Cite news |last=Adebiyi |first=Adeayo |date=2023-07-28 |title=Award-winning gospel star Ada Ehi shares new single 'Another Miracle' |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/award-winning-gospel-star-ada-ehi-shares-new-single-another-miracle/qkegdrh |access-date=2023-11-04 |newspaper=[[Pulse Nigeria]] |language=en}}</ref> |- |14 |Gallant |2023 |- |15 |I Testify (live)ft.[[:en:Dena_Mwana|Dena Mwana]] |2024 |- |16 |Definitely |2024 |- |17 |Yes sir ft.Mercy Chinwo |2024 |- |18 |Open Doors/On My Matter ft.Amb. Sis. Chinyere Udoma |2025 |- |19 |Otua ft[[:en:Frank_Edwards_(gospel_musician)|Frank Edwards]], [[:en:Limoblaze|Limoblaze]] |2025 |} Mu 2017, Ehi yasomebwa mu lukalala lwa ''[[YNaija]] nga omu ku bakkkiriza 100 abasinze okumanyika mu Nigeria .'' .<ref name="Ynaija">Tolu (May 1, 2017).</ref> Yanwangula engule mu [[Groove Awards]] mu 2017 nga omuyimbi w'omwaka mu bugwanjubwa bwa Afrika nga wano yali abbinkanye n'abayimbi abalala okuli [[Frank Edwards (gospel musician|Frank Edwards]], [[Sinach]], [[Joe Praize]] wamu n'abasumba .<ref name="edaily">"Groove Awards 2017 full list of winners".</ref> Mu 2019 "Only You" lwa londebwa ng'olumu ku nnyimba 20 ezasinga okulabibwa mu myaka 10 mu Nigeria.<ref>"Here are the top 20 most viewed Nigerian music videos of the decade"</ref> Nga 26 Ogw'omunaana 2021, yafuna [[YouTube Creator Awards|awaadiye eya youtube]] eyasooka olw'okuweza abagoberezi akakadde kamu ku mukutu guno .<ref name="YT">{{Cite news |title=Gospel singer Ada Ehi hits one million subscribers on YouTube |url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2021/08/26/gospel-singer-ada-ehi-hits-one-million-subscribers-on-youtube/ |access-date=18 September 2021 |newspaper=[[P.M. News]] |location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == Laba ne bino == * [[List of Igbo people|Olukalala lwaba Igbo]] * [[List of Nigerian gospel musicians|Olukalala lw'abayimbi abayimba ez'eddiini mu Nigeria]] * [[List of Nigerian musicians|Olukalala lw'abayimbi abanigeria]] {{Reflist}} == External links == * https://web.archive.org/web/20221207114010/https://hazelguides.com/andy-hildebrand-net-worth/ * Omutimbagano omutongole * Ennyimba za Ada Ehi 5mttr6sb9jz7qhzdzbq977wn2tkppbc 0 8414 65374 57930 2026-07-28T18:46:43Z Kisakye Jane 9195 nterezezaamu mu kiwandiiko 65374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bebe Cool''' (amanya amatuufu '''Ssali Moses)''' Muyimbi munnayuganda. Yazaalibwa nga 1 Ogwomwenda 1977 mukuyimba kwe Bebe cool ayimba nnyo enyimba za [[reggae]] wamu ne [[ragga]] era y'omu kwabo abayimbi abatutumufu mu gwanga [[Uganda]]. Bebe cool ekisaawe ky'okuyimba yakyesogga mu mwaka 1997 mu kibuga [[Nairobi]] mu gwanga [[Kenya]], era nga Eno yakolanga ne situudiyo ya Ogopa DJs yadde nga oluvanyuma yajaabulira nadda ku butaka . == Obuto bwe == Mu buto, Bebe Cool yasomera ku masomero omuli Aga Khan Primary School, mu Kampala, [[Kitante Hill School]], ne [[Makerere College School]]. wabula yava mu ssomero ng'awabulayo omwaka gumu okumaliriza emisomo gye. Mu Ssekendule, yasoma amasomo ga Physics, Chemistry, Biology, ne Mathematics (PCB/M). Bebe Cool (nga yayitibwako '''Bebe Bunton''') yatandikirawo okuyimba ng'akyali mu ssomero nga yali akola nga omukulembeze w'ebyokuyimba n'okubiibya.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/81488/</ref> == Emirimu gye egy'okuyimba == Bebe Cool muwanguzi wa Awaadi ssatu ez'omuyimbi w'omwaka okuva mu HiPipo Music Awards<ref>http://www.hipipo.com/</ref> era yawangula ne Awaadi ey'ekitiibwa eya [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] (PAM Awards).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Vision</ref> Yalondebwa mu Awaadi za [[Kora Awards|Kora All-African Awards]] mu 2003 ne 2005. Ayimbye mu mawanga omuli Bungereza ne Amerika.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.musicuganda.com/Bebe%20cool.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2012-09-05 |archive-date=2012-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516112331/http://musicuganda.com/Bebe%20cool.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bbiri kunnyimba ze ez'ettutumu zili "Fitina" ne "Mambo Mingi".<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070928110302/http://www.mtvbase.com/mtvbaseafrica.com/music/article.jhtml%3Bjsessionid%3DAMTFCT1IDES1TQFIAIICFE4AVABBCIV0?backLink=profiles&id=30119486</ref> Era yayimba ennyiba ne [[Halima Namakula]], omukyala omuyimbi munnayuganda n'azirwanako, ku luyimba lw'abwe olw'akwatayo "Sambagala". yafulumya alubaamu ze bbiri eza, ''Maisha'' ne ''Senta''. Ennyimba ze aziyimba mu nnimi omuli [[Luganda|Oluganda]], [[Swahili language|Oluswayili]], n'[[English language|Olungereza]]. Wamu n'omuyimbi wa Kenya [[Necessary Noize]], Bebe Cool akoze ekibiina ky'abayimbu abayimba ennyimba kika kya [[reggae]] ng'ekibinja kiyitibwa [[East African Bashment Crew]]. bafulumya alubaamu emu eya ''Fire'', n'ennyimba ez'amaanyi bbiri, "Africa Unite" ne "Fire". Ekibiina kino ky'alondebwa mu mpaka za [[MTV Africa Music Awards 2008]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110714134121/http://www.museke.com/node/2230</ref> Mu 2013, Bebe Cool yalina olutalo mu kuyimba wakati we n'abayimbi ab'amaanyi okuva mu Nigeria [[D'banj]],ng'empaka zino bazikolera mu Glamis Arena Harare Zimbabwe.<ref name="BattleR">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NewsDay_(Zimbabwean_newspaper)</ref> Olulaga luno lw'ategekebwa n'omulamwa gwa "Battle for Africa". Bebe Cool yakola olulaga olw'amaanyi mu mpaka zino.<ref name="BattleR" /> Mu 2014, oluyimba lwa Bebe Cool lw'eyaddamu olwa Born in Africa olw'omugenzi [[Philly Lutaaya]] lwalondebwa ng'oluyimba olw'asinga mu nnyimba zonna ez'omu Afrika.<ref name="RemixR">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://chano8.com/bebe-cools-song-in-top-50-bbc-anthems-for-the-african-continent/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |archive-date=2015-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518081553/http://chano8.com/bebe-cools-song-in-top-50-bbc-anthems-for-the-african-continent/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Oluyimba luno lw'akwata kya 15 ku nnyimba amakumi ataano azalondebwa ku lukalu lwa Africa. Abawuliriza ba BBC World Service be balonda ennyimba zonna ez'akozesebwa mu mpaka okuva ku lukalu lwa Africa<ref name="RemixR"/> Empaka zino zaali z'akukuza ebijaguzo by'emyaka 50 egy'ekitongole ekigatta amawanga ga Africa ekya African Union – mu kusooka ekyayitibwanga African Unity, okuva mu kusaba kwa DJ Edu owa BBC, omuweereza wa pulogulaamu y'ennyimba za Africa eya buli wiiki ku ladiyo ya BBC, yazigatta wamu mu kintabuli eky'eddakiika taano nga ky'alimu ennyimba 50 okuva mu mawanga 50.<ref name="RemixR" /> Bebe Cool ayimbye mu muzannyo gwa ''Big Brother'' house emirundi ebiri. Okuva mu 2016 okutuusa mu 2018, waaliwo ebitakwatagana eby'abalukawo ku Bebe Cool okubeera omutegesi omukulu owa [[Yoweri Kaguta Museveni]], eyali Pulezidenti wa Uganda mu kaseera ako eyali ayitibwa omufuzi nakyemalira okuva mu bannaawulire b'amawanga g'ebweru. Bannayuganda bamugobako ku siteegi mu luaga olumu nga tannaba n'akuyimba. Bebe Cool yawangula Awaadi y'omuyimbi omusajja asinze mu East Afrika eya Afrima award mu 2018. == Ebimukwatako ng'omuntu == Mu Gwoluberyeberye 2010, yafuna obuvune omusirikale wa poliisi bweyamukuba amasasi mu kugulu.<ref name="monitor.co.ug">https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/688334-852442-ca1pydz/index.html</ref><ref name="monitor.co.ug"/> Nga 11 Ogwomusanvu 2010, Bebe Cool yali ayimba mu [[Kyadondo Rugby Club]] bbomu y'abayeekera Abayisilaamu okuva mu Somalia aba [[Harakat al-Shabaab Mujahideen|al-Shabaab]] weyabalukira (July 2010 Kampala attacks). Okusinziira ku Cool, "Abantu abasinga okuva baali mu maaso gange. Okubaluka kw'ali kw'amaanyi era ekyaddirira kw'ali kulaba bitundu by'emibiri gy'abantu nga bisaasanye wonna."<ref>https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704288204575362400675683926?mod=WSJ_hps_LEFTTopStories#articleTabs%3Darticle</ref> == Ebikolwa bye eby'okuyamba == Mu 2008, Bebe Cool yayimba ku mazaalibwa ga Nelson Mandela ag'emyaka 90 mu [[Hyde Park, London]]. Era yatuumibwa Nelson Mandela ng'omu kuba Ambasada ba Afrika 46664. [[46664]] yali kakuyege ow'okumanyisa abantu ku kawuka ka HIV/AIDS eyali yatandikibwawo omugenzi [[Nelson Mandela]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle/entertainment/29045-meeting-mandela-was-better-than-music-awards-bebe-cool |access-date=2022-12-06 |archive-date=2022-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206151308/https://observer.ug/lifestyle/entertainment/29045-meeting-mandela-was-better-than-music-awards-bebe-cool |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Zuena Kirema.jpg|left|thumb|Zuena Kirema]] Nga 3 Ogwomunaana 2018, mu kivvulu eky'atuumibwa ''The Golden Heart'', Bebe Cool yakuŋŋanya sente okuyamba abaana bataano abaalina obulwadde bw'omutima okusobola okufuna obujjanjabi mu India.<ref>https://bigeye.ug/bebe-cool-sees-off-kids-with-heart-problems-to-india-for-surgery-photo/</ref><ref>https://trumpetnews.co.ug/golden-heart-concert-bebe-becomes-first-ugandan-artiste-to-perform-under-dome-at-kololo/</ref> == Obulamu bwe mu by'obufuzi == Bebe Cool yawagira Pulezidenti Museveni mu kalulu k'obwa Pulezidenti aka 2021 mu Uganda. == Awaadi z'eyafuna == '''z'eyawangula:''' * 2004 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinga<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20050204005728/http://pamawards.com/index.php?option=com_frontpage</ref> * 2005 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinga<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070702053829/http://pamawards.com/pages/2005.php</ref> * 2006 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinga<ref name="Archive copy">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ugandaonline.net/2006 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2012-12-04 |archive-date=2012-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226155529/http://www.ugandaonline.net/2006 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2006 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Oluyimba lw'omwaka<ref name="Archive copy"/> * 2007 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinga<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190544/http://www.museke.com/node/1617</ref> * 2007 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi omusajja asinga<ref>http://www.ugpulse.com/articles/daily/Entertainment.asp?about=2007+PAM+Awards%3A+The+Winners&ID=748</ref> * 2007 [[Channel O Music Video Awards]] -Vidiyo y'omwaka<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150709045050/http://www.museke.com/en/node/1534</ref> * 2008 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi omusajja asinze & omuyimbi wa Reggae asinze & omuyimbi wa Ragga asinze * 2010 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] –Omuyimbi w'omwaka 2010, Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinze ne Alubaamu y'omwaka<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110106012820/http://videos.2shyentertainment.com/articles/read-bebe-cool-triumphs-at-the-2010-pam-awards_105.html</ref> * 2011 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Best Male Artist<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15818:pam-awards-never-short-on-surprises |access-date=2022-12-06 |archive-date=2022-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206151334/https://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15818:pam-awards-never-short-on-surprises |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2013 HiPipo Music Awards – Oluyimba lwa Reggae olusinze nga lweyayimba ne Rema (''Missing You'')<ref name="hipipo4">https://web.archive.org/web/20141218163446/http://www.hipipo.com/hma/2014/news/553/Full-List-Of-Winners-Hipipo-Music-Awards-2014</ref> * 2013 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi w'omwaka<ref name="hipipo4"/> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi wa REGGAE omusajja asinze Song : Love Letter – Bebe Cool ne Irene Ntale<ref name="hipipo4"/> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi wa RAGGA-DANCEHALL omusajja asinze Oluyimba : Kokodiosis<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi wa siteegi asinze :<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi asinze ku mikutu migata bantu<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi omusajja asinze<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi w'omwaka<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi omusajja owa REGGAE asinze Oluyimba : Love You Everyday – Bebe Cool<ref name="hipipo3">https://web.archive.org/web/20150404132229/http://hma.hipipo.com/08/02/2015/winners-of-the-3rd-hipipo-music-awards/</ref> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Vidiyo y'omwaka : Love You Every - Bebe Cool<ref name="hipipo3" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi w'ekivvulu asinze - Konsati ya Best of Bebe Cool :<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Most Active Fans Group - Gagamel Phamily :<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi omusajja asinze<ref name="hipipo3" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi w'omwaka<ref name="hipipo3" /> * 2003 [[Kora Awards]] – Omuyimbi asinga mu East Africa<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20040302070738/http://www.koraawards.co.za/english/musicawards_finalists_res03.asp?Category_en=Best+Artist+-+East+Africa</ref> * 2007 [[MOBO Awards]] * [[2011 Tanzania Music Awards]] – Oluyimba lwa East Africa olusinze ('Kasepiki')<ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/201102220178.html</ref> * 2013 HiPipo Music Awards – oluyimba lwa Reggae olusinze (''Ntuyo Zange''), oluyimba lw'ekiddandali olusinze (''No Body Move''), omuyimbi asinze ku mikutu migatta bantu<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150626104220/http://www.hipipo.com/hma/news/481/List-Of-Nominees-For-The-1st-Hipipo-Music-Awards--hma--Released-</ref> * Yalondebwa mu mpaka za Afrimma Awards 2014 * Australia Radio Afro Oluyimba lw'omwaka 2015 * Yalondebwa mu mpaka za Afrimma Awards 2018 " omuyimbi omusajja owa East Africa asinze ne Best African Rock categories" .<ref>https://bigeye.ug/bebe-cool-nominated-in-prestigious-afrima-ghana-awards/</ref> == Ebijuliziddwamu ==<references responsive="0"></references> == Ebijuliziddwamu eby'ebweru wa Wikipediya == * [http://www.howwe.biz/BebeCool Ennyimba za Bebe Cool] * [http://www.howwe.biz/BebeCool/videos Vidiyo z'ennyimba za Bebe Cool] [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Category:Abayimbi]] ray2xbgxxnp2bvnmclundi78vo1bbmn 65375 65374 2026-07-28T18:47:59Z Kisakye Jane 9195 ntaddemu ettuluba 65375 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Bebe Cool''' (amanya amatuufu '''Ssali Moses)''' Muyimbi munnayuganda. Yazaalibwa nga 1 Ogwomwenda 1977 mukuyimba kwe Bebe cool ayimba nnyo enyimba za [[reggae]] wamu ne [[ragga]] era y'omu kwabo abayimbi abatutumufu mu gwanga [[Uganda]]. Bebe cool ekisaawe ky'okuyimba yakyesogga mu mwaka 1997 mu kibuga [[Nairobi]] mu gwanga [[Kenya]], era nga Eno yakolanga ne situudiyo ya Ogopa DJs yadde nga oluvanyuma yajaabulira nadda ku butaka . == Obuto bwe == Mu buto, Bebe Cool yasomera ku masomero omuli Aga Khan Primary School, mu Kampala, [[Kitante Hill School]], ne [[Makerere College School]]. wabula yava mu ssomero ng'awabulayo omwaka gumu okumaliriza emisomo gye. Mu Ssekendule, yasoma amasomo ga Physics, Chemistry, Biology, ne Mathematics (PCB/M). Bebe Cool (nga yayitibwako '''Bebe Bunton''') yatandikirawo okuyimba ng'akyali mu ssomero nga yali akola nga omukulembeze w'ebyokuyimba n'okubiibya.<ref>https://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/read/81488/</ref> == Emirimu gye egy'okuyimba == Bebe Cool muwanguzi wa Awaadi ssatu ez'omuyimbi w'omwaka okuva mu HiPipo Music Awards<ref>http://www.hipipo.com/</ref> era yawangula ne Awaadi ey'ekitiibwa eya [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] (PAM Awards).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Vision</ref> Yalondebwa mu Awaadi za [[Kora Awards|Kora All-African Awards]] mu 2003 ne 2005. Ayimbye mu mawanga omuli Bungereza ne Amerika.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.musicuganda.com/Bebe%20cool.html |title=Archive copy |access-date=2012-09-05 |archive-date=2012-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516112331/http://musicuganda.com/Bebe%20cool.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bbiri kunnyimba ze ez'ettutumu zili "Fitina" ne "Mambo Mingi".<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070928110302/http://www.mtvbase.com/mtvbaseafrica.com/music/article.jhtml%3Bjsessionid%3DAMTFCT1IDES1TQFIAIICFE4AVABBCIV0?backLink=profiles&id=30119486</ref> Era yayimba ennyiba ne [[Halima Namakula]], omukyala omuyimbi munnayuganda n'azirwanako, ku luyimba lw'abwe olw'akwatayo "Sambagala". yafulumya alubaamu ze bbiri eza, ''Maisha'' ne ''Senta''. Ennyimba ze aziyimba mu nnimi omuli [[Luganda|Oluganda]], [[Swahili language|Oluswayili]], n'[[English language|Olungereza]]. Wamu n'omuyimbi wa Kenya [[Necessary Noize]], Bebe Cool akoze ekibiina ky'abayimbu abayimba ennyimba kika kya [[reggae]] ng'ekibinja kiyitibwa [[East African Bashment Crew]]. bafulumya alubaamu emu eya ''Fire'', n'ennyimba ez'amaanyi bbiri, "Africa Unite" ne "Fire". Ekibiina kino ky'alondebwa mu mpaka za [[MTV Africa Music Awards 2008]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110714134121/http://www.museke.com/node/2230</ref> Mu 2013, Bebe Cool yalina olutalo mu kuyimba wakati we n'abayimbi ab'amaanyi okuva mu Nigeria [[D'banj]],ng'empaka zino bazikolera mu Glamis Arena Harare Zimbabwe.<ref name="BattleR">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NewsDay_(Zimbabwean_newspaper)</ref> Olulaga luno lw'ategekebwa n'omulamwa gwa "Battle for Africa". Bebe Cool yakola olulaga olw'amaanyi mu mpaka zino.<ref name="BattleR" /> Mu 2014, oluyimba lwa Bebe Cool lw'eyaddamu olwa Born in Africa olw'omugenzi [[Philly Lutaaya]] lwalondebwa ng'oluyimba olw'asinga mu nnyimba zonna ez'omu Afrika.<ref name="RemixR">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://chano8.com/bebe-cools-song-in-top-50-bbc-anthems-for-the-african-continent/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |archive-date=2015-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518081553/http://chano8.com/bebe-cools-song-in-top-50-bbc-anthems-for-the-african-continent/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Oluyimba luno lw'akwata kya 15 ku nnyimba amakumi ataano azalondebwa ku lukalu lwa Africa. Abawuliriza ba BBC World Service be balonda ennyimba zonna ez'akozesebwa mu mpaka okuva ku lukalu lwa Africa<ref name="RemixR"/> Empaka zino zaali z'akukuza ebijaguzo by'emyaka 50 egy'ekitongole ekigatta amawanga ga Africa ekya African Union – mu kusooka ekyayitibwanga African Unity, okuva mu kusaba kwa DJ Edu owa BBC, omuweereza wa pulogulaamu y'ennyimba za Africa eya buli wiiki ku ladiyo ya BBC, yazigatta wamu mu kintabuli eky'eddakiika taano nga ky'alimu ennyimba 50 okuva mu mawanga 50.<ref name="RemixR" /> Bebe Cool ayimbye mu muzannyo gwa ''Big Brother'' house emirundi ebiri. Okuva mu 2016 okutuusa mu 2018, waaliwo ebitakwatagana eby'abalukawo ku Bebe Cool okubeera omutegesi omukulu owa [[Yoweri Kaguta Museveni]], eyali Pulezidenti wa Uganda mu kaseera ako eyali ayitibwa omufuzi nakyemalira okuva mu bannaawulire b'amawanga g'ebweru. Bannayuganda bamugobako ku siteegi mu luaga olumu nga tannaba n'akuyimba. Bebe Cool yawangula Awaadi y'omuyimbi omusajja asinze mu East Afrika eya Afrima award mu 2018. == Ebimukwatako ng'omuntu == Mu Gwoluberyeberye 2010, yafuna obuvune omusirikale wa poliisi bweyamukuba amasasi mu kugulu.<ref name="monitor.co.ug">https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/688334-852442-ca1pydz/index.html</ref><ref name="monitor.co.ug"/> Nga 11 Ogwomusanvu 2010, Bebe Cool yali ayimba mu [[Kyadondo Rugby Club]] bbomu y'abayeekera Abayisilaamu okuva mu Somalia aba [[Harakat al-Shabaab Mujahideen|al-Shabaab]] weyabalukira (July 2010 Kampala attacks). Okusinziira ku Cool, "Abantu abasinga okuva baali mu maaso gange. Okubaluka kw'ali kw'amaanyi era ekyaddirira kw'ali kulaba bitundu by'emibiri gy'abantu nga bisaasanye wonna."<ref>https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704288204575362400675683926?mod=WSJ_hps_LEFTTopStories#articleTabs%3Darticle</ref> == Ebikolwa bye eby'okuyamba == Mu 2008, Bebe Cool yayimba ku mazaalibwa ga Nelson Mandela ag'emyaka 90 mu [[Hyde Park, London]]. Era yatuumibwa Nelson Mandela ng'omu kuba Ambasada ba Afrika 46664. [[46664]] yali kakuyege ow'okumanyisa abantu ku kawuka ka HIV/AIDS eyali yatandikibwawo omugenzi [[Nelson Mandela]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://observer.ug/lifestyle/entertainment/29045-meeting-mandela-was-better-than-music-awards-bebe-cool |access-date=2022-12-06 |archive-date=2022-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206151308/https://observer.ug/lifestyle/entertainment/29045-meeting-mandela-was-better-than-music-awards-bebe-cool |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Zuena Kirema.jpg|left|thumb|Zuena Kirema]] Nga 3 Ogwomunaana 2018, mu kivvulu eky'atuumibwa ''The Golden Heart'', Bebe Cool yakuŋŋanya sente okuyamba abaana bataano abaalina obulwadde bw'omutima okusobola okufuna obujjanjabi mu India.<ref>https://bigeye.ug/bebe-cool-sees-off-kids-with-heart-problems-to-india-for-surgery-photo/</ref><ref>https://trumpetnews.co.ug/golden-heart-concert-bebe-becomes-first-ugandan-artiste-to-perform-under-dome-at-kololo/</ref> == Obulamu bwe mu by'obufuzi == Bebe Cool yawagira Pulezidenti Museveni mu kalulu k'obwa Pulezidenti aka 2021 mu Uganda. == Awaadi z'eyafuna == '''z'eyawangula:''' * 2004 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinga<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20050204005728/http://pamawards.com/index.php?option=com_frontpage</ref> * 2005 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinga<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070702053829/http://pamawards.com/pages/2005.php</ref> * 2006 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinga<ref name="Archive copy">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ugandaonline.net/2006 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2012-12-04 |archive-date=2012-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226155529/http://www.ugandaonline.net/2006 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2006 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Oluyimba lw'omwaka<ref name="Archive copy"/> * 2007 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinga<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190544/http://www.museke.com/node/1617</ref> * 2007 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi omusajja asinga<ref>http://www.ugpulse.com/articles/daily/Entertainment.asp?about=2007+PAM+Awards%3A+The+Winners&ID=748</ref> * 2007 [[Channel O Music Video Awards]] -Vidiyo y'omwaka<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150709045050/http://www.museke.com/en/node/1534</ref> * 2008 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Omuyimbi omusajja asinze & omuyimbi wa Reggae asinze & omuyimbi wa Ragga asinze * 2010 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] –Omuyimbi w'omwaka 2010, Omuyimbi wa Reggae asinze ne Alubaamu y'omwaka<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110106012820/http://videos.2shyentertainment.com/articles/read-bebe-cool-triumphs-at-the-2010-pam-awards_105.html</ref> * 2011 [[Pearl of Africa Music Awards]] – Best Male Artist<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15818:pam-awards-never-short-on-surprises |access-date=2022-12-06 |archive-date=2022-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206151334/https://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15818:pam-awards-never-short-on-surprises |url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2013 HiPipo Music Awards – Oluyimba lwa Reggae olusinze nga lweyayimba ne Rema (''Missing You'')<ref name="hipipo4">https://web.archive.org/web/20141218163446/http://www.hipipo.com/hma/2014/news/553/Full-List-Of-Winners-Hipipo-Music-Awards-2014</ref> * 2013 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi w'omwaka<ref name="hipipo4"/> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi wa REGGAE omusajja asinze Song : Love Letter – Bebe Cool ne Irene Ntale<ref name="hipipo4"/> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi wa RAGGA-DANCEHALL omusajja asinze Oluyimba : Kokodiosis<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi wa siteegi asinze :<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi asinze ku mikutu migata bantu<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi omusajja asinze<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2014 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi w'omwaka<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi omusajja owa REGGAE asinze Oluyimba : Love You Everyday – Bebe Cool<ref name="hipipo3">https://web.archive.org/web/20150404132229/http://hma.hipipo.com/08/02/2015/winners-of-the-3rd-hipipo-music-awards/</ref> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Vidiyo y'omwaka : Love You Every - Bebe Cool<ref name="hipipo3" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi w'ekivvulu asinze - Konsati ya Best of Bebe Cool :<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Most Active Fans Group - Gagamel Phamily :<ref name="hipipo4" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi omusajja asinze<ref name="hipipo3" /> * 2015 HiPipo Music Awards – Omuyimbi w'omwaka<ref name="hipipo3" /> * 2003 [[Kora Awards]] – Omuyimbi asinga mu East Africa<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20040302070738/http://www.koraawards.co.za/english/musicawards_finalists_res03.asp?Category_en=Best+Artist+-+East+Africa</ref> * 2007 [[MOBO Awards]] * [[2011 Tanzania Music Awards]] – Oluyimba lwa East Africa olusinze ('Kasepiki')<ref>http://allafrica.com/stories/201102220178.html</ref> * 2013 HiPipo Music Awards – oluyimba lwa Reggae olusinze (''Ntuyo Zange''), oluyimba lw'ekiddandali olusinze (''No Body Move''), omuyimbi asinze ku mikutu migatta bantu<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20150626104220/http://www.hipipo.com/hma/news/481/List-Of-Nominees-For-The-1st-Hipipo-Music-Awards--hma--Released-</ref> * Yalondebwa mu mpaka za Afrimma Awards 2014 * Australia Radio Afro Oluyimba lw'omwaka 2015 * Yalondebwa mu mpaka za Afrimma Awards 2018 " omuyimbi omusajja owa East Africa asinze ne Best African Rock categories" .<ref>https://bigeye.ug/bebe-cool-nominated-in-prestigious-afrima-ghana-awards/</ref> == Ebijuliziddwamu ==<references responsive="0"></references> == Ebijuliziddwamu eby'ebweru wa Wikipediya == * [http://www.howwe.biz/BebeCool Ennyimba za Bebe Cool] * [http://www.howwe.biz/BebeCool/videos Vidiyo z'ennyimba za Bebe Cool] [[Category:Articles with short description]] [[Category:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Category:Abayimbi]] [[Category:Bannayuganda abayimbi abasajja]] jzh2qsjtjasnpr3pne4dxd8v2je698y 0 9699 65415 65291 2026-07-29T09:06:15Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65415 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Angela Musiimenta''' [[Munnayuganda]] munnasaayansi eyawangula engule ya German African Innovation Incentive Award eyasooka.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Admin|first=A. L. M.|title=Dr. Angela Musiimenta Of Uganda Wins 150,000 Euros Award|url=https://www.africanleadershipmagazine.co.uk/dr-angela-musiimenta-of-uganda-wins-150000-euros-award/|access-date=2021-05-11|website=African Leadership Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ugandan doctor receives German award for her outstanding research achievements|url=https://berlin.mofa.go.ug/data-dnews-107-UGANDAN-DOCTOR-RECEIVES-GERMAN-AWARD-FOR-HER-OUTSTANDING-RESEARCH-ACHIEVEMENTS.html|access-date=2021-05-11|website=berlin.mofa.go.ug|archive-date=2021-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511143917/https://berlin.mofa.go.ug/data-dnews-107-UGANDAN-DOCTOR-RECEIVES-GERMAN-AWARD-FOR-HER-OUTSTANDING-RESEARCH-ACHIEVEMENTS.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Okusoma kwe == Musiimenta yafuna diguli mu bya sayaansi okuva mu ttendenkero ly'e Mbarara erya saayaansi ne tekinologiya. Oluvannyuma yafuna diguli ey'okubiri mu saayaansi nemu by'empuliziganya okuva mu yunivasite ya Leeds mu ggwanga lya Bungereza. Musiimenta esaawa zino alina diguli ey'okusatu mu by'obulamu okuva mu yunivasite y'e Manchester era mu ggwanga lya Bungereza.<ref>{{Cite web|last=username|title=Dr Angella Musiimenta – FCI|url=https://fci.must.ac.ug/member/dr-angella-musiimenta/|access-date=2021-05-11|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321181019/https://fci.must.ac.ug/member/dr-angella-musiimenta/|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == aqe48qtfomh524bezw76csx7osnlnym 0 9700 65416 65283 2026-07-29T09:06:49Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Angelina Acheng Atyam''' (Yazaalibwa 1946) Munnayuganda omulwanirizi w'eddembe ly'abantu era muzaalisa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Angelina Acheng Atyam|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19829171|website=www.wikidata.org|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> Mu 1996, muwala wa Atyam n'abawala abalala 138 baawambibwa abayeekera abaali basibuka mu kibinja kya Lord Resistence Army (LRA) okuva ku somero lya Aboke. Atyam yatandikawo ekibiina ekyaali kyegatibwamu abazadde ekya <nowiki>''Concerned Parents Association'' okulaba ng'abaana abaali bakwatiddwa nga bateebwa okuva mubuwambe, ng'era yeeyali akola ng'omwogezi w'ekibiina ekyo, eyatambula ng'okugenda mu Bulaaya ne mu Amerika. Mukumusiima olw'emirimu gyeyali akoze, yaweebwa ab'</nowiki>ekibiina ky'amawanga amagate ekirabo ky'okubeera omu kubaali abalwanirizi b'eddembe ly'abantu mu 1998.<ref name="hrw2">{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/1998/12/10/hrw-hails-un-award-ugandan-advocate|title=HRW Hails U.N. Award to Ugandan Advocate|publisher=Human Rights Watch|date=10 December 1998|accessdate=28 February 2020|language=}}</ref> Atyam yaddamu n'asisinkana muwala we mu 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/a-mothers-plea-for-a-missing-daughter/article4086510/|title=A mother's plea for a missing daughter|author=McCarthy, Shawn|publisher=The Globe and Mail|accessdate=26 January 2004|language=}}</ref> == Ebimukwatako == Okuzaalibwa kwa Angelina Acheng kwali mu [[Bobi, Yuganda|Bobi, Uganda]] mu 1946, Atyam alina ensibuko ly'eggwanga lya Luo. Muzaalisa omutendeke, yasenga mu [[Lira (disitulikit)|Lira]] oluvannyuma lw'okufumbirwa George Atyam, n'azaala abaana mukaaga okwali abalenzi basatu ssaako n'abawala basatu.  Nga 10 Ogwekkumi 1996, yakitegeera nti muwala we Charlotte, ng'ebiseera ebyo yalina emyaka 14, yali omu kubawala 139 abaali baawambibwa okuva musomero lya St Mary's Catholic boarding school mu [[:en:Aboke|Aboke]] nga baatwalibwa abayeekera okuva mu kibiinja kya Lord's Resistance Army (LRA). Okwebaza kugende eri omukulu w'esomero, Sister Rachel, eyabgoberera nga batwalibwa munsiko, 109 kubano baataasibwa. Charlotte yali omu kubawala 30 abatasobola kutaasibwa; baatwalibwa nebayingizibwa mu Sudan y'omubukiika kkono (southern Sudan), nga baali bakusigala mubuwambe bw'ekibiinja kino ekya LRA okumala emyaka egyaali jiddako. Atyam, eyali omukatuliki omugundiivu, yakizuula nti muwala we yali yakwatibwa aduumira ekibiinja kyabayeekera ekya LRA Rasca Lukwiya nga mukyala we, yakyalira maama wa Lukwiya mu kyalo ekyaali kirinaanyeewo, naamumatiza nga bweyali omwetegefu okusonyiwa mutabani we, famire yabwe, ekika kyabwe wamu n'abantu b'ekika kyabwe bonna.<ref name="fl2">{{cite web|url=https://faithandleadership.com/we-forgive|title=As we forgive|publisher=Faith & Leadership|date=1 March 2010|accessdate=28 February 2020|language=}}</ref> Ng'ali wamu n'abazadde abalala, Atyam yatandikawo ekibiina kya 'Concerned Parents Association'. Nga omwogezi wakyo era eyali akola ennyo okulaba atuuka kubiruubirirwa by'ekibiina, yagenda mubukiika ddyo bwa Uganda okukomyawo omukwano. Amaanyi ge mu kufalasira gavumenti ya Uganda okuteesa n'ekibiinja ky'abayeekera ekya LRA okuleka abaana bebaali bakute byagaanibwa, kubanga abakungu baagaana okuyingira enteeseganya n'abatujju. Yasaasaanya ensonga ye okwetooloola Bulaaya yonna wamu ne Amerika.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/1998/19981210.hr4395.html|title=Human Rights Activists Honoured at United Nations|publisher=United Nations|date=10 December 1998|accessdate=28 February 2020|language=}}</ref> Atyam n'okulwanirira okulaba ng'abaana abawala abaali baawambibwa byatekebwa kumpewo za leediyo ez'enjawulo wamu n'abamawulire abalala. Puleesa eyavaamu yawaliriza eyali akulira ekibiinja ky'abayeekera ekya LRA [[Joseph Kony]] okukiriza okuleka Charlotte okugenda oba okumutta wabula kukakwakulizo kamu nti Atyam yakiriza okulekeraawo okukuba kakuyege. Yategeeza nti yali wakukikola singa abawala abalala 30 baatebwa. Tewali ntegeregana yatuukibwako. Oluvannyuma yanyonyola nti: "mungeri emu abaana baafuuka omu mu Charlotte. Tetuyinza kusika ngeri emu ate netuleka endala .... Abaana abo bonna baali baafuuka bange."<ref name="fl2" /> Abamu ku abo Atyam beyasaba obuyambi yeeyali pulezidenti wa Uganda [[Yoweri Museveni]], gavumenti y'e [[Sudaani|Sudan]], mukyala wa pulezidenti wa Amerika Hillary Clinton, abali mu kakiiko akakola amateeka mu Amerika aka United States Congress, n'ebitongole by'amawanga amagate.<ref name="hrw2" /> Amaanyi gano geyasaamu gaavirako aba US Congress okuyisa eteeka eryali livumirira okuwambibwa kw'abaana b'omu Uganda, n'okutegeeza Sudan okuleka abo abaali bakyali mubuwambe badde ewaabwe.<ref name="(Organization)Staff1999">{{cite book|last1=(Organization)|first1=Human Rights Watch|last2=Staff|first2=Human Rights Watch|title=World Report 2000|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9VeI76JSJZAC&pg=PA87|year=1999|publisher=Human Rights Watch|isbn=978-1-56432-238-8|pages=87–}}</ref> Mu 1998, Atyam yafuna ekirabo okuva mu mawanga amagate ekyaali kimusiima okubeera nga yali alwanirira eddembe ly'abantu. Nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2002, yaloopa mu kakiiko k'amawanga amagatte akavunaanyizibwa mu by'okwerinda olw'obutabanguko obwali buleteddwa ab'akabiinja k'abayeekera abaali beegatira mu LRA. Yategeeza akakiiko nti mu myaka 17, abaana 14,000 baali bawambiddwa aba LRA mu bukiika ddyo bwa Uganda, ng'abaana bano baali bakiikirira amagye g'abayeekera bano ebitundu 85 ku 100.<ref name="UNSC2">{{cite web|url=https://www.peacewomen.org/sites/default/files/ngowgtwoyearson.pdf|title=Statement of Angelina Atyam of Northern Uganda/Uganda to the United Nations SecurityCouncil ‘Arria Formula’ on the implementation of Resolution 1325|publisher=Peacewomen: NGO Working Group on Women Peace and Security|date=23 October 2002|accessdate=28 February 2020|language=|archive-date=21 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321182252/https://www.peacewomen.org/sites/default/files/ngowgtwoyearson.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Abo abaali mu buwambe baakakibwa ng'okulwana muntalo nebabaleetera okuta wamu n'okutuusa obuvune kubaana abalala abaali abajaasi. Bangi baatusibwako ogw'obuliisa maanyi era nebazaala abaana.<ref name="Angom20182">{{cite book|last=Angom|first=Sidonia|title=Women in Peacemaking and Peacebuilding in Northern Uganda|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VJJVDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA57|year=2018|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-75883-1|pages=57–}}</ref> Mukaseera k'okubaleka okugenda, ekitundu kubaana bano baalina akawuka kamukenenya oba endwadde eziva mu bukaba. Banji kubano famire zaabwe zaagana okubakiriza oba okubaaniriza.<ref name="UNSC2" /> Okutuuka mu 2004, nga wadde okuwambibwa kwali kugenze kukendeera,kyali kitebeerezebwa nti abakazi 2,000 n'abaana baali bakyali mu mikono gy'abayeekera ba LRA, nga bakakibwa okubeera abajaasi n'abaddu b'okweyambisa mu by'obukaba.<ref name="Angom20182" /> Mu Gwomusanvu 2004, Atyam yaddamu okubeera ne muwala we Charlotte eyali yatoloka okuva mu ba LRA ng'ali ne mutabani we eyalina emyaka 5. Mutabani we ow'emyaka 2 naye yazuulibwa olunaku lwelumu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/uganda/uganda-mothers-tears-joy-she-reunited-daughter-and-grandchildren|title=Uganda: Mother's tears of joy as she is reunited with daughter and grandchildren|publisher=reliefweb|date=21 July 2004|accessdate=28 February 2020|language=}}</ref> Atyam ajukirwa olw'obubaka bwe obwali busonyiwa. yawakanya okusalawo kwa gavumenti ya [[Uganda]] okukozesa amagye okugonjoola ekizibu kya LRA, olw'abaana abanji abaali mu kibinja kya bayaekera ekya LRA. "Tulowoozo okusonyiwa," yayogera olumu, " kubanga singa tetusonyiwa bayeekera bano, tuteeka mukono kundagaano yakufa eri abaana bafe." Nga kati yawumula, abeera mu bukiika ddyo bwa [[Uganda]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mcccanada.ca/stories/11-days-peace-angelina-atyam|title=11 Days of Peace: Angelina Atyam|publisher=MCC Canada|accessdate=1 November 2016|language=|archive-date=21 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321182303/https://mcccanada.ca/stories/11-days-peace-angelina-atyam|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Laba ne == * [[Aboke abductions]] * [[Gulu (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y'e Gulu]] == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa Wikipidiya == * [http://www.tipheroes.org/resources/angelina-atyam/interview-clips-with-angelina-atyam-in-uganda-the-challenge-of-forgiveness/ Interview clips with Angelina Atyam from the U.S. Department of State] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=reFyZ7bHmPY Interview YouTube clip on Promoting Health & Peace in Africa-Part 1] [[Category:Abantu abaazalibwa mu 1946]] [[Category:Abantu abasibuka mu Disitulikiti y'e Gulu]] [[Category:Bannayuganda abazaalisa]] [[Category:Bannayuganda abalwanirizi b'eddembe ly'obuntu]] 8xgmfc3fhf0aitygc493jvigurq2xpn 0 10180 65420 64470 2026-07-29T09:16:22Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Colonel]] '''Annette Nkalubo''', munayuganda musirikale mukungu wa magye ga Uganda omukulu.Ye mukyala omujaasi ali ku ddaala ery'okubiri mu ggye lya Uganda People's Defence Forces (UPDF).<ref name="Top">{{cite web |last=Kaasira |first=Risdel |date=1 January 2013 |title=90 UPDF soldiers get promotion |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/90-UPDF-soldiers-get-promotion/688334-1654982-jdkrahz/index.html |accessdate=1 November 2017 |publisher=[[Nation Media Group]] |newspaper=[[Daily Monitor]] |location=Kampala |archive-date=7 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107020942/http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/90-UPDF-soldiers-get-promotion/688334-1654982-jdkrahz/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Okusoma == Nkalubo alina Ddiguli esooka mu mateeka okuva mu yunivasite y'e Makerere, era alina ne Dipulooma mu mateeka okuva mu [[Law Development Centre]], mu Kampala.<ref name="Her">{{cite web |last=Anne Mugisa |first=and Hillary Kiirya |date=16 June 2005 |title=New army MP elected |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1123128/army-mp-elected |accessdate=1 November 2017 |publisher=[[Vision Group]] |newspaper=[[New Vision (newspaper)|New Vision]] |location=Kampala}}</ref> == Omulimu gwe == Nkalubo, ng'ali ku mutendera ogwa [[lieutenant]], yaweerezako ng'omubaka wa [[Palamenti ya Uganda|paalamenti]], akiikirira UPDF mu paalamenti ey'omukaaga (1996 okutuuka mu 2001).<ref>{{cite web|date=9 October 1998|accessdate=1 November 2017|title=Workshop Wants Talks With Rebels|url=http://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/national-news/131-uganda-workshop-wants-talks-with-rebels-talks|newspaper=[[New Vision (newspaper)|New Vision]]|format=Archived from the original|first=Josephine|last=Maseruka|location=Kampala|publisher=[[Vision Group]]|archive-date=7 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107014510/http://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/national-news/131-uganda-workshop-wants-talks-with-rebels-talks|url-status=dead}}</ref> Yakuzibwa okuva ku ddaala lya meja n'afuuka luteenanti colonel  mu Gwekkumi  2008.<ref>{{cite web |author=Vision Reporter |date=28 October 2008 |title=UPDF needs more female officers |url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1178109/updf-female-officers |accessdate=1 November 2017 |publisher=[[Vision Group]] |location=Kampala |newspaper=[[New Vision (newspaper)|New Vision]]}}</ref> Mu 2010, nga ali ku ddaala lya lieutenant colonel,yaweereza okumala ekiseera mu [[kitongole ky'Amawanga amagatte]] (United Nations).<ref>{{cite web |last=Emmanuel Gyezaho |first=and Evelyn Lirri |date=9 March 2010 |title=Gender imbalance still plagues government |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/875764/-/item/1/-/6sg7wyz/-/index.html |accessdate=1 November 2017 |publisher=[[Nation Media Group]] |newspaper=[[Daily Monitor]] |location=Kampala |archive-date=7 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107024502/http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/-/688334/875764/-/item/1/-/6sg7wyz/-/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mu Ogw'Okusatu 2011, Annette Nkalubo, ng'ali ku kifo ekya lieutenant colonel, yaweerezako nga dayirekita w'ensonga z'abakyala mu [[UPD]]F. <ref name="Move">{{cite web |author=Monitor Staff |date=8 March 2011 |title=Today's Uganda top fifty women movers |url=http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/688334-1120990-ap66lmz/index.html |accessdate=24 October 2017 |publisher=[[Nation Media Group]] |newspaper=[[Daily Monitor]] |location=Kampala}}</ref>Mu Gwoluberyeberye 2013,yalinnyisibwa eddaala okuva ku lya lieutenant colonel okutuuka ku colonel, ekyamufuula omukyala ow'okubiri mu magye okuba n'eddaala erisingayo obunene, ng'ali emabega wa [[Major General]] [[Proscovia Nalweyiso]]. == Ebirala eby'okulowoozaako == Mu Gwokusatu 2011, y'omu kubalondebwa ku "Bakyala ba Uganda atano abakoleredde ennyo e ggwanga ", mu kiseera ekyo. == Laba ne == * [[Proscovia Nalweyiso]] * [[:en:Flavia_Byekwaso|Flavia Byekwaso]] * [[:en:Edith_Nakalema|Edith Nakalema]] * [[:en:Rebecca_Mpagi|Rebecca Mpagi]] * [[:en:Christine_Nyangoma|Christine Nyangoma]] * [[:en:Naomi_Karungi|Naomi Karungi]] == Ebijuliziddwa == <references responsive="1"></references> == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * [http://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Full-Woman/Daredevil-women-on-the-frontline-in-Somalia/689842-1965744-7ppl7f/index.html Abakyala ab'obuvumu mu Somalia] * [http://allafrica.com/stories/201610311208.html Uganda: UPDF yannyonnyola nti abakazi batono nnyo abaayingizibwa mu magye] * [http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Army-Spokesman-Ankunda-dropped-Nalweyiso-Major-General/688334-3515976-trb16bz/index.html Kulayigye, Ankunda yaggyibwawo nga Nalweyiso afuuka Major General] [[Category:Abakyala abaganda]] [[Category:Bannayuganda abakyala ab'ekyasa ky'amakumi abiri mu kimu]] [[Category:Abantu Abaganda]] [[Category:Abantu abava mu kitundu kya masekkati ga Uganda.]] [[Category:Abajaasi ba Uganda]] 33hld2jsbfcwb8vfht8lr5a0uubjdvt 0 10800 65338 65323 2026-07-28T13:25:06Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph and dewikilinked 65338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> 1pvcj5a2mgvxtvrayjlzsrcm2wpy3s9 65339 65338 2026-07-28T13:29:37Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraphs 65339 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> pq4hi02sbfg1fzc89cfczi1c2ep3mdp 65341 65339 2026-07-28T13:35:45Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraphs 65341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> oc3p3jaofsm45yjehrvl09nbhsx7ppt 65351 65341 2026-07-28T15:54:40Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added a new heading and new paragraphs 65351 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> 073jlhaxex5rebpf8p7sicta2ot2vjf 65352 65351 2026-07-28T15:56:41Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 paragraph 65352 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> [[BBC coat of arms|C]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. ad2vzjvyrfr30vcrxvu1h9i2vres7n4 65353 65352 2026-07-28T15:58:35Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). 0luepyvywwbnjzrkcfrbogdkcnpf8s9 65354 65353 2026-07-28T16:02:15Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65354 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. srv3vedba4k47r58eefuq1ikm8fnxlj 65355 65354 2026-07-28T16:03:35Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65355 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. <references /> qqvkvzce69vfq9s3q8jgkww0ycod06z 65356 65355 2026-07-28T16:04:42Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 paragraph and heading 65356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> <references /> mo2v5v6g3nafxfd7bk7eppjo0n8889w 65357 65356 2026-07-28T16:06:12Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added a new heading and new paragraphs 65357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' <references /> pj655yf7gq87de8l53si4b5jh050jrf 65358 65357 2026-07-28T16:06:48Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 paragraph 65358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. <references /> 7g108w0ov0efy0fjoilksk8l5p2s7ys 65359 65358 2026-07-28T16:07:42Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. <references /> a9poolgztfr1e7poakt7ajrrhfugwy7 65360 65359 2026-07-28T16:09:00Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. <references /> 495nweysw8iznt0cvrv475db7pmiph4 65361 65360 2026-07-28T16:10:57Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. <references /> 90c6vtquaux6q6acy5ol4auhubfcfdj 65362 65361 2026-07-28T16:12:01Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 paragraph 65362 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> <references /> ektz2hc2bw9xycw9krb4h8nwt9ezw0u 65363 65362 2026-07-28T16:12:47Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added a new heading and new paragraphs 65363 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. <references /> i19f2jc23jn4duc9p3j4v6dp4il6n7j 65364 65363 2026-07-28T16:13:29Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 sub heading 65364 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' <references /> dq3hdgql47gkfocaz37usd1nqrmhezq 65365 65364 2026-07-28T16:14:18Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added a new heading and new paragraphs 65365 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> <references /> t1nxdwmdlww5bbzngolarhpml5ni3e1 65366 65365 2026-07-28T16:15:22Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraphs 65366 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. <references /> b1vgegdhfn3t3fi596fk25ofbwc9p2e 65367 65366 2026-07-28T16:16:14Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added a new heading and new paragraphs 65367 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Emyaka gya 1990 <references /> 5i1oatik079ohhvgtn273ez9e2cug2z 65368 65367 2026-07-28T16:17:37Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku bubwe egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <references /> d7tfyrzb4f1dvhu19ovqcpywc3i25on 65376 65368 2026-07-28T19:14:21Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 paragraph and heading 65376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' <references /> hivvo3v84e2lvhbmpmb0rnhggygba00 65377 65376 2026-07-28T19:22:39Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65377 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22.30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. <references /> atqkv485yyemc6lwmz3yo00dpc11k9t 65378 65377 2026-07-28T19:31:17Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <references /> mcjokiccwe6ex72jn5q0g41fi564b23 65379 65378 2026-07-28T19:47:31Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraphs 65379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> <references /> t6o7lp02i8txlq1g7xjdhloy6no1af2 65380 65379 2026-07-28T19:48:04Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 65380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref><references /> g57wwacffmz4liyvlcaranlfheao8qn 65381 65380 2026-07-28T20:03:33Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> Nga 18 Ogwekkuminoogumu 2007, ED Mark Thompson yalangirira enteekateeka y'emyaka omukaaga, "Delivering Creative Futures" (esinziira ku pulojekiti ye eyatandika mu Gwokusatu 2005), ng'agatta ekitongole kya ttivvi ekikola ku nsonga z'ebifa mu ggwanga mu kitundu ekipya ekya "News Programmes". <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=Radical reform to deliver a more focused BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020051207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |archive-date=20 October 2007 |publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hewlett |first=Steve |date=22 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts: look on the bright side |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024120744/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |archive-date=24 October 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Thompson okulangirira, ng’ayanukula olw'enkendeera mu buvujjirizi obwa pawundi obuwumbi bubiri, yagamba nti, tuweerereza ku "BBC entono naye nga nnungi" mu mulembe gwa digito, nga tusala ku musaala gwayo era, mu 2013, n'atunda [[BBC Television Centre|Television Center]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts back programmes and jobs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm#tables |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=25 October 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ebisenge by’amawulire eby’enjawulo eby’emirimu gya ttivvi, leediyo ne ku yintaneeti byagattibwa ne bifuuka ekisenge kimu eky’amawulire eky’emikutu emingi. Okukola pulogulaamu munda mu bisenge by’amawulire kwagattibwa wamu okukola ekitongole ekikola pulogulaamu ez’emikutu emingi. Dayirekita wa [[BBC World Service|BBC World Service,]] Peter Horrocks yagamba nti enkyukakyuka zino zigenda kufuna omugaso mu kiseera kino eky’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya mu BBC. Mu bye yawandiika ku mikutu gye emigatta bantu, yawandiika nti okukozesa eby’obugagga bye bimu mu mikutu egy’enjawulo egy’okuweereza ku mpewo kitegeeza nti emboozi ntono ezisobola okufulumizibwa, oba okugoberera emboozi nnyingi, wandibaddewo engeri ntono ez’okuziweereza ku mpewo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2007 |title=Multimedia News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115103603/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |archive-date=15 November 2007 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Enkola empya ey’okuzannya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo yatongozebwa okufulumya ebiwandiiko bya ttivvi mu Gwolubereberye 2007. Kino kyakwatagana n’ensengeka empya mu mawulire ga BBC World News, abafulumya ebitabo nga baagala ekitundu ekiweereddwayo okwekenneenya amawulire agafulumizibwa. Ekiwandiiko ekipya ekya BBC News ekyasooka okuva ku mawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri kyalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2007 oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa obulungi mu Midlands. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2007 |title=BBC One gets extra news bulletin |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714232708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 July 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu bufunze, obumala sekondi 90, bubadde bulagibwa ku ssaawa 20:00 ku nnaku za wiiki okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2007 era nga bufaanagana ne ''[[60 Seconds]]'' ku [[BBC Three]], kyokka nga mulimu n’emitwe okuva mu bitundu bya BBC eby’enjawulo n’okuwa mu bufunze embeera y’obudde. <references /> j6uyre8wlgvmdfatlqtfzhbzgxmkosn 65382 65381 2026-07-28T20:08:42Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added a new heading and new paragraphs 65382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> Nga 18 Ogwekkuminoogumu 2007, ED Mark Thompson yalangirira enteekateeka y'emyaka omukaaga, "Delivering Creative Futures" (esinziira ku pulojekiti ye eyatandika mu Gwokusatu 2005), ng'agatta ekitongole kya ttivvi ekikola ku nsonga z'ebifa mu ggwanga mu kitundu ekipya ekya "News Programmes". <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=Radical reform to deliver a more focused BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020051207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |archive-date=20 October 2007 |publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hewlett |first=Steve |date=22 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts: look on the bright side |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024120744/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |archive-date=24 October 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Thompson okulangirira, ng’ayanukula olw'enkendeera mu buvujjirizi obwa pawundi obuwumbi bubiri, yagamba nti, tuweerereza ku "BBC entono naye nga nnungi" mu mulembe gwa digito, nga tusala ku musaala gwayo era, mu 2013, n'atunda [[BBC Television Centre|Television Center]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts back programmes and jobs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm#tables |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=25 October 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ebisenge by’amawulire eby’enjawulo eby’emirimu gya ttivvi, leediyo ne ku yintaneeti byagattibwa ne bifuuka ekisenge kimu eky’amawulire eky’emikutu emingi. Okukola pulogulaamu munda mu bisenge by’amawulire kwagattibwa wamu okukola ekitongole ekikola pulogulaamu ez’emikutu emingi. Dayirekita wa [[BBC World Service|BBC World Service,]] Peter Horrocks yagamba nti enkyukakyuka zino zigenda kufuna omugaso mu kiseera kino eky’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya mu BBC. Mu bye yawandiika ku mikutu gye emigatta bantu, yawandiika nti okukozesa eby’obugagga bye bimu mu mikutu egy’enjawulo egy’okuweereza ku mpewo kitegeeza nti emboozi ntono ezisobola okufulumizibwa, oba okugoberera emboozi nnyingi, wandibaddewo engeri ntono ez’okuziweereza ku mpewo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2007 |title=Multimedia News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115103603/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |archive-date=15 November 2007 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Enkola empya ey’okuzannya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo yatongozebwa okufulumya ebiwandiiko bya ttivvi mu Gwolubereberye 2007. Kino kyakwatagana n’ensengeka empya mu mawulire ga BBC World News, abafulumya ebitabo nga baagala ekitundu ekiweereddwayo okwekenneenya amawulire agafulumizibwa. Ekiwandiiko ekipya ekya BBC News ekyasooka okuva ku mawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri kyalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2007 oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa obulungi mu Midlands. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2007 |title=BBC One gets extra news bulletin |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714232708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 July 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu bufunze, obumala sekondi 90, bubadde bulagibwa ku ssaawa 20:00 ku nnaku za wiiki okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2007 era nga bufaanagana ne ''[[60 Seconds]]'' ku [[BBC Three]], kyokka nga mulimu n’emitwe okuva mu bitundu bya BBC eby’enjawulo n’okuwa mu bufunze embeera y’obudde. Ng’emu ku nteekateeka y’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya ey’ekiseera ekiwanvu, amawulire gakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa ''BBC News ku ssaawam Muanvu'', kkuminabbiri n'ennya mu Gwokuna 2008 ate BBC News 24 n’ekyusibwa erinnya BBC News n’egenda mu situdiyo y’emu ne bulletin ku BBC Television Centre. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Gadher |first=Dipesh |date=13 April 2008 |title=BBC rings changes with news revamp |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907171053/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |archive-date=7 September 2008 |access-date=30 April 2009 |work=The Times |location=London}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC News Channel – 2008 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021938/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |archive-date=10 May 2011 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=TV Ark}}</ref> BBC World yakyusibwa erinnya lya ''BBC World News'' era pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu nazo zaddamu okulongoosebwa n’engeri empya ey’okulaga, eyakolebwa [[Lambie-Nairn]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Horrocks |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC NEWS – The Editors Blog – New News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805003251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |archive-date=5 August 2020 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> 2008 era yafuna emikutu esatu egyatongozebwa ku TV, leediyo, ne ku yintaneeti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uncorrected Evidence m274 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153245/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> Okusenguka mu situdiyo era kwategeeza nti Studio N9 eyali ekozesebwa ku BBC World yaggalwa, era emirimu gyasenguka ne gigenda mu situdiyo eyasooka eya BBC News 24. Oluvannyuma situdiyo N9 yaddamu okuteekebwateekebwa okutuukana n’akabonero akapya, era n’ekozesebwa mu [[2009 United Kingdom local elections|kulonda kwa BBC okwa Bungereza mu bitundu by’e Bungereza]] n’okulaga [[2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom|okulonda kwa Bulaaya]] ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomukaaga 2009. '''Emyaka gya 2010''' <references /> d40sf1aejejg5f8rte4wqgkuvxx5u0h 65383 65382 2026-07-28T20:22:49Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph and dewikilinked 65383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> Nga 18 Ogwekkuminoogumu 2007, ED Mark Thompson yalangirira enteekateeka y'emyaka omukaaga, "Delivering Creative Futures" (esinziira ku pulojekiti ye eyatandika mu Gwokusatu 2005), ng'agatta ekitongole kya ttivvi ekikola ku nsonga z'ebifa mu ggwanga mu kitundu ekipya ekya "News Programmes". <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=Radical reform to deliver a more focused BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020051207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |archive-date=20 October 2007 |publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hewlett |first=Steve |date=22 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts: look on the bright side |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024120744/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |archive-date=24 October 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Thompson okulangirira, ng’ayanukula olw'enkendeera mu buvujjirizi obwa pawundi obuwumbi bubiri, yagamba nti, tuweerereza ku "BBC entono naye nga nnungi" mu mulembe gwa digito, nga tusala ku musaala gwayo era, mu 2013, n'atunda [[BBC Television Centre|Television Center]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts back programmes and jobs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm#tables |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=25 October 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ebisenge by’amawulire eby’enjawulo eby’emirimu gya ttivvi, leediyo ne ku yintaneeti byagattibwa ne bifuuka ekisenge kimu eky’amawulire eky’emikutu emingi. Okukola pulogulaamu munda mu bisenge by’amawulire kwagattibwa wamu okukola ekitongole ekikola pulogulaamu ez’emikutu emingi. Dayirekita wa [[BBC World Service|BBC World Service,]] Peter Horrocks yagamba nti enkyukakyuka zino zigenda kufuna omugaso mu kiseera kino eky’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya mu BBC. Mu bye yawandiika ku mikutu gye emigatta bantu, yawandiika nti okukozesa eby’obugagga bye bimu mu mikutu egy’enjawulo egy’okuweereza ku mpewo kitegeeza nti emboozi ntono ezisobola okufulumizibwa, oba okugoberera emboozi nnyingi, wandibaddewo engeri ntono ez’okuziweereza ku mpewo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2007 |title=Multimedia News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115103603/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |archive-date=15 November 2007 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Enkola empya ey’okuzannya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo yatongozebwa okufulumya ebiwandiiko bya ttivvi mu Gwolubereberye 2007. Kino kyakwatagana n’ensengeka empya mu mawulire ga BBC World News, abafulumya ebitabo nga baagala ekitundu ekiweereddwayo okwekenneenya amawulire agafulumizibwa. Ekiwandiiko ekipya ekya BBC News ekyasooka okuva ku mawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri kyalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2007 oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa obulungi mu Midlands. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2007 |title=BBC One gets extra news bulletin |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714232708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 July 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu bufunze, obumala sekondi 90, bubadde bulagibwa ku ssaawa 20:00 ku nnaku za wiiki okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2007 era nga bufaanagana ne ''[[60 Seconds]]'' ku [[BBC Three]], kyokka nga mulimu n’emitwe okuva mu bitundu bya BBC eby’enjawulo n’okuwa mu bufunze embeera y’obudde. Ng’emu ku nteekateeka y’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya ey’ekiseera ekiwanvu, amawulire gakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa ''BBC News ku ssaawam Muanvu'', kkuminabbiri n'ennya mu Gwokuna 2008 ate BBC News 24 n’ekyusibwa erinnya BBC News n’egenda mu situdiyo y’emu ne bulletin ku BBC Television Centre. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Gadher |first=Dipesh |date=13 April 2008 |title=BBC rings changes with news revamp |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907171053/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |archive-date=7 September 2008 |access-date=30 April 2009 |work=The Times |location=London}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC News Channel – 2008 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021938/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |archive-date=10 May 2011 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=TV Ark}}</ref> BBC World yakyusibwa erinnya lya ''BBC World News'' era pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu nazo zaddamu okulongoosebwa n’engeri empya ey’okulaga, eyakolebwa [[Lambie-Nairn]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Horrocks |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC NEWS – The Editors Blog – New News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805003251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |archive-date=5 August 2020 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> 2008 era yafuna emikutu esatu egyatongozebwa ku TV, leediyo, ne ku yintaneeti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uncorrected Evidence m274 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153245/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> Okusenguka mu situdiyo era kwategeeza nti Studio N9 eyali ekozesebwa ku BBC World yaggalwa, era emirimu gyasenguka ne gigenda mu situdiyo eyasooka eya BBC News 24. Oluvannyuma situdiyo N9 yaddamu okuteekebwateekebwa okutuukana n’akabonero akapya, era n’ekozesebwa mu [[2009 United Kingdom local elections|kulonda kwa BBC okwa Bungereza mu bitundu by’e Bungereza]] n’okulaga [[2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom|okulonda kwa Bulaaya]] ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomukaaga 2009. '''Emyaka gya 2010''' Okwekenneenya enkola ya BBC mu Gwokusatu 2010, kwakakasa nti okubeera ne "eby'amawulire ebisinga mu nsi yonna" kyandikoze emu ku nkola etaano enkulu ez'okuwandiika, ng'ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezirina okwebuuza ku bantu n'okukkirizibwa [[BBC Trust]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=2 March 2010 |title=BBC 6 Music and Asian Network face axe in shake-up |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303054531/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |archive-date=3 March 2010 |access-date=2 March 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera ng’eyimiriziddwa ku nkomerero ya 2012, Helen Boaden yalekera awo okubeera Dayirekita wa BBC News. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396 ''Helen Boaden becomes director of BBC Radio'', BBC News, 14 February 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404060207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396|date=4 April 2018}}.</ref> Nga 16 Ogwokuna 2013, [[Director-General of the BBC|Dayirekita wa]] BBC omuggya [[Tony Hall, Baron Hall of Birkenhead|Tony Hall]] yayita [[James Harding (journalist)|James Harding]], eyali omutereeza w’olupapula lw’amawulire olwa ''[[The Times]]'' of London ng'amuyita Dayirekita w’Amawulire n’Ebifa mu ggwanga.<ref name="harding">[http://www.mediaweek.co.uk/news/rss/1178458/Former-Times-editor-James-Harding-news-boss-BBC/ ''Former Times editor James Harding to be news boss at BBC'', Gordon MacMillan, MediaWeek, London, 16 April 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132757/https://www.campaignlive.co.uk//|date=24 November 2023}}.</ref> Okuva mu Gwomunaana 2012 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2013, emirimu gyonna egy’amawulire gyava mu Television Center ne gigenda mu bifo ebipya mu [[Broadcasting House]] eyaddaabirizibwa era n’egaziyizibwa, mu [[Portland Place]] . Enkola eno yatandika mu Gwekkumi 2012, era nga mulimu ne BBC World Service eyasenguka okuva mu [[Bush House]] oluvannyuma lwa liizi ya BBC okuggwaako. Okugaziya kuno okupya okugenda mu bukiikakkono n'obuvanjuba, okuyitibwa "New Broadcasting House", kulimu situdiyo za leediyo ne ttivvi empya eziwerako ez'omulembe nga zeetoolodde atrium ey'emyaliiro 11. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |date=7 September 2012 |title=The news from the BBC: its £1bn new base is finally coming on air |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114538/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |archive-date=11 September 2018 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Enkola eno yatandika ne pulogulaamu y'omunda mu ggwanga eya ''[[The Andrew Marr Show]]'' nga 2 Ogwomwenda 2012, era yakomekkerezebwa n'okusenguka kw'omukutu gwa BBC News n'amawulire g'omunda nga 18 Ogwokusatu 2013. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Coomes |first=Phil |date=6 July 2012 |title=Goodbye Television Centre |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203151813/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |archive-date=3 February 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2012 |title=BBC News begins move into Broadcasting House |url=http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117060101/http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |archive-date=17 January 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |publisher=Newscast Studio}}</ref> <ref name="Last move">{{Cite news |date=18 March 2013 |title=BBC TV Centre broadcasts last network news bulletins |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21818963 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231012440/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-21818963 |archive-date=31 December 2020 |access-date=18 March 2013 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kirimu amawulire gonna ag’omunda mu ggwanga ne pulogulaamu ku ttivvi ne leediyo, wamu n’emikutu gya leediyo egy’ensi yonna egya [[BBC World Service]] n’omukutu gwa ttivvi ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]] . <references /> 787fmuksi1nd1t0ntlzqnyr69j1lk2d 65384 65383 2026-07-28T20:27:06Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 paragraph and heading 65384 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> Nga 18 Ogwekkuminoogumu 2007, ED Mark Thompson yalangirira enteekateeka y'emyaka omukaaga, "Delivering Creative Futures" (esinziira ku pulojekiti ye eyatandika mu Gwokusatu 2005), ng'agatta ekitongole kya ttivvi ekikola ku nsonga z'ebifa mu ggwanga mu kitundu ekipya ekya "News Programmes". <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=Radical reform to deliver a more focused BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020051207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |archive-date=20 October 2007 |publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hewlett |first=Steve |date=22 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts: look on the bright side |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024120744/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |archive-date=24 October 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Thompson okulangirira, ng’ayanukula olw'enkendeera mu buvujjirizi obwa pawundi obuwumbi bubiri, yagamba nti, tuweerereza ku "BBC entono naye nga nnungi" mu mulembe gwa digito, nga tusala ku musaala gwayo era, mu 2013, n'atunda [[BBC Television Centre|Television Center]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts back programmes and jobs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm#tables |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=25 October 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ebisenge by’amawulire eby’enjawulo eby’emirimu gya ttivvi, leediyo ne ku yintaneeti byagattibwa ne bifuuka ekisenge kimu eky’amawulire eky’emikutu emingi. Okukola pulogulaamu munda mu bisenge by’amawulire kwagattibwa wamu okukola ekitongole ekikola pulogulaamu ez’emikutu emingi. Dayirekita wa [[BBC World Service|BBC World Service,]] Peter Horrocks yagamba nti enkyukakyuka zino zigenda kufuna omugaso mu kiseera kino eky’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya mu BBC. Mu bye yawandiika ku mikutu gye emigatta bantu, yawandiika nti okukozesa eby’obugagga bye bimu mu mikutu egy’enjawulo egy’okuweereza ku mpewo kitegeeza nti emboozi ntono ezisobola okufulumizibwa, oba okugoberera emboozi nnyingi, wandibaddewo engeri ntono ez’okuziweereza ku mpewo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2007 |title=Multimedia News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115103603/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |archive-date=15 November 2007 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Enkola empya ey’okuzannya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo yatongozebwa okufulumya ebiwandiiko bya ttivvi mu Gwolubereberye 2007. Kino kyakwatagana n’ensengeka empya mu mawulire ga BBC World News, abafulumya ebitabo nga baagala ekitundu ekiweereddwayo okwekenneenya amawulire agafulumizibwa. Ekiwandiiko ekipya ekya BBC News ekyasooka okuva ku mawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri kyalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2007 oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa obulungi mu Midlands. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2007 |title=BBC One gets extra news bulletin |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714232708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 July 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu bufunze, obumala sekondi 90, bubadde bulagibwa ku ssaawa 20:00 ku nnaku za wiiki okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2007 era nga bufaanagana ne ''[[60 Seconds]]'' ku [[BBC Three]], kyokka nga mulimu n’emitwe okuva mu bitundu bya BBC eby’enjawulo n’okuwa mu bufunze embeera y’obudde. Ng’emu ku nteekateeka y’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya ey’ekiseera ekiwanvu, amawulire gakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa ''BBC News ku ssaawam Muanvu'', kkuminabbiri n'ennya mu Gwokuna 2008 ate BBC News 24 n’ekyusibwa erinnya BBC News n’egenda mu situdiyo y’emu ne bulletin ku BBC Television Centre. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Gadher |first=Dipesh |date=13 April 2008 |title=BBC rings changes with news revamp |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907171053/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |archive-date=7 September 2008 |access-date=30 April 2009 |work=The Times |location=London}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC News Channel – 2008 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021938/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |archive-date=10 May 2011 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=TV Ark}}</ref> BBC World yakyusibwa erinnya lya ''BBC World News'' era pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu nazo zaddamu okulongoosebwa n’engeri empya ey’okulaga, eyakolebwa [[Lambie-Nairn]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Horrocks |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC NEWS – The Editors Blog – New News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805003251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |archive-date=5 August 2020 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> 2008 era yafuna emikutu esatu egyatongozebwa ku TV, leediyo, ne ku yintaneeti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uncorrected Evidence m274 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153245/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> Okusenguka mu situdiyo era kwategeeza nti Studio N9 eyali ekozesebwa ku BBC World yaggalwa, era emirimu gyasenguka ne gigenda mu situdiyo eyasooka eya BBC News 24. Oluvannyuma situdiyo N9 yaddamu okuteekebwateekebwa okutuukana n’akabonero akapya, era n’ekozesebwa mu [[2009 United Kingdom local elections|kulonda kwa BBC okwa Bungereza mu bitundu by’e Bungereza]] n’okulaga [[2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom|okulonda kwa Bulaaya]] ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomukaaga 2009. '''Emyaka gya 2010''' Okwekenneenya enkola ya BBC mu Gwokusatu 2010, kwakakasa nti okubeera ne "eby'amawulire ebisinga mu nsi yonna" kyandikoze emu ku nkola etaano enkulu ez'okuwandiika, ng'ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezirina okwebuuza ku bantu n'okukkirizibwa [[BBC Trust]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=2 March 2010 |title=BBC 6 Music and Asian Network face axe in shake-up |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303054531/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |archive-date=3 March 2010 |access-date=2 March 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera ng’eyimiriziddwa ku nkomerero ya 2012, Helen Boaden yalekera awo okubeera Dayirekita wa BBC News. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396 ''Helen Boaden becomes director of BBC Radio'', BBC News, 14 February 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404060207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396|date=4 April 2018}}.</ref> Nga 16 Ogwokuna 2013, [[Director-General of the BBC|Dayirekita wa]] BBC omuggya [[Tony Hall, Baron Hall of Birkenhead|Tony Hall]] yayita [[James Harding (journalist)|James Harding]], eyali omutereeza w’olupapula lw’amawulire olwa ''[[The Times]]'' of London ng'amuyita Dayirekita w’Amawulire n’Ebifa mu ggwanga.<ref name="harding">[http://www.mediaweek.co.uk/news/rss/1178458/Former-Times-editor-James-Harding-news-boss-BBC/ ''Former Times editor James Harding to be news boss at BBC'', Gordon MacMillan, MediaWeek, London, 16 April 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132757/https://www.campaignlive.co.uk//|date=24 November 2023}}.</ref> Okuva mu Gwomunaana 2012 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2013, emirimu gyonna egy’amawulire gyava mu Television Center ne gigenda mu bifo ebipya mu [[Broadcasting House]] eyaddaabirizibwa era n’egaziyizibwa, mu [[Portland Place]] . Enkola eno yatandika mu Gwekkumi 2012, era nga mulimu ne BBC World Service eyasenguka okuva mu [[Bush House]] oluvannyuma lwa liizi ya BBC okuggwaako. Okugaziya kuno okupya okugenda mu bukiikakkono n'obuvanjuba, okuyitibwa "New Broadcasting House", kulimu situdiyo za leediyo ne ttivvi empya eziwerako ez'omulembe nga zeetoolodde atrium ey'emyaliiro 11. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |date=7 September 2012 |title=The news from the BBC: its £1bn new base is finally coming on air |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114538/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |archive-date=11 September 2018 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Enkola eno yatandika ne pulogulaamu y'omunda mu ggwanga eya ''[[The Andrew Marr Show]]'' nga 2 Ogwomwenda 2012, era yakomekkerezebwa n'okusenguka kw'omukutu gwa BBC News n'amawulire g'omunda nga 18 Ogwokusatu 2013. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Coomes |first=Phil |date=6 July 2012 |title=Goodbye Television Centre |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203151813/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |archive-date=3 February 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2012 |title=BBC News begins move into Broadcasting House |url=http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117060101/http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |archive-date=17 January 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |publisher=Newscast Studio}}</ref> <ref name="Last move">{{Cite news |date=18 March 2013 |title=BBC TV Centre broadcasts last network news bulletins |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21818963 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231012440/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-21818963 |archive-date=31 December 2020 |access-date=18 March 2013 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kirimu amawulire gonna ag’omunda mu ggwanga ne pulogulaamu ku ttivvi ne leediyo, wamu n’emikutu gya leediyo egy’ensi yonna egya [[BBC World Service]] n’omukutu gwa ttivvi ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]] . BBC News ne [[CBS News]] baatandikawo omukago n’okutereeza n'okukungaanya amawulire mu 2017, ne badda mu kifo ky’omukago ogwali gumaze ebbanga wakati wa BBC News ne [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2017 |title=BBC changes US news partner |url=https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331150107/https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |archive-date=31 March 2024 |access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref> Mu kunoonyereza [[Simmons Research|okwakolebwa aba Simmons Research]] mu Gwekkumi 2018 ku bitongole by’amawulire 38, BBC News yakwata ekifo eky’okuna mu kitongole ky’amawulire ekisinga okwesigika mu Bamerica, emabega wa CBS News, ABC News ne ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Benton |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Benton |date=5 October 2018 |title=Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!) |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |archive-date=8 December 2020 |access-date=29 December 2022 |website=[[Nieman Lab]]}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 2020<br />''' <references /> fq0xqaue4w54ggj3ckb6ir1y8vs9uiz 65385 65384 2026-07-28T20:37:28Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> Nga 18 Ogwekkuminoogumu 2007, ED Mark Thompson yalangirira enteekateeka y'emyaka omukaaga, "Delivering Creative Futures" (esinziira ku pulojekiti ye eyatandika mu Gwokusatu 2005), ng'agatta ekitongole kya ttivvi ekikola ku nsonga z'ebifa mu ggwanga mu kitundu ekipya ekya "News Programmes". <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=Radical reform to deliver a more focused BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020051207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |archive-date=20 October 2007 |publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hewlett |first=Steve |date=22 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts: look on the bright side |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024120744/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |archive-date=24 October 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Thompson okulangirira, ng’ayanukula olw'enkendeera mu buvujjirizi obwa pawundi obuwumbi bubiri, yagamba nti, tuweerereza ku "BBC entono naye nga nnungi" mu mulembe gwa digito, nga tusala ku musaala gwayo era, mu 2013, n'atunda [[BBC Television Centre|Television Center]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts back programmes and jobs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm#tables |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=25 October 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ebisenge by’amawulire eby’enjawulo eby’emirimu gya ttivvi, leediyo ne ku yintaneeti byagattibwa ne bifuuka ekisenge kimu eky’amawulire eky’emikutu emingi. Okukola pulogulaamu munda mu bisenge by’amawulire kwagattibwa wamu okukola ekitongole ekikola pulogulaamu ez’emikutu emingi. Dayirekita wa [[BBC World Service|BBC World Service,]] Peter Horrocks yagamba nti enkyukakyuka zino zigenda kufuna omugaso mu kiseera kino eky’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya mu BBC. Mu bye yawandiika ku mikutu gye emigatta bantu, yawandiika nti okukozesa eby’obugagga bye bimu mu mikutu egy’enjawulo egy’okuweereza ku mpewo kitegeeza nti emboozi ntono ezisobola okufulumizibwa, oba okugoberera emboozi nnyingi, wandibaddewo engeri ntono ez’okuziweereza ku mpewo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2007 |title=Multimedia News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115103603/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |archive-date=15 November 2007 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Enkola empya ey’okuzannya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo yatongozebwa okufulumya ebiwandiiko bya ttivvi mu Gwolubereberye 2007. Kino kyakwatagana n’ensengeka empya mu mawulire ga BBC World News, abafulumya ebitabo nga baagala ekitundu ekiweereddwayo okwekenneenya amawulire agafulumizibwa. Ekiwandiiko ekipya ekya BBC News ekyasooka okuva ku mawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri kyalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2007 oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa obulungi mu Midlands. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2007 |title=BBC One gets extra news bulletin |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714232708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 July 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu bufunze, obumala sekondi 90, bubadde bulagibwa ku ssaawa 20:00 ku nnaku za wiiki okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2007 era nga bufaanagana ne ''[[60 Seconds]]'' ku [[BBC Three]], kyokka nga mulimu n’emitwe okuva mu bitundu bya BBC eby’enjawulo n’okuwa mu bufunze embeera y’obudde. Ng’emu ku nteekateeka y’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya ey’ekiseera ekiwanvu, amawulire gakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa ''BBC News ku ssaawam Muanvu'', kkuminabbiri n'ennya mu Gwokuna 2008 ate BBC News 24 n’ekyusibwa erinnya BBC News n’egenda mu situdiyo y’emu ne bulletin ku BBC Television Centre. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Gadher |first=Dipesh |date=13 April 2008 |title=BBC rings changes with news revamp |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907171053/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |archive-date=7 September 2008 |access-date=30 April 2009 |work=The Times |location=London}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC News Channel – 2008 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021938/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |archive-date=10 May 2011 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=TV Ark}}</ref> BBC World yakyusibwa erinnya lya ''BBC World News'' era pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu nazo zaddamu okulongoosebwa n’engeri empya ey’okulaga, eyakolebwa [[Lambie-Nairn]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Horrocks |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC NEWS – The Editors Blog – New News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805003251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |archive-date=5 August 2020 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> 2008 era yafuna emikutu esatu egyatongozebwa ku TV, leediyo, ne ku yintaneeti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uncorrected Evidence m274 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153245/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> Okusenguka mu situdiyo era kwategeeza nti Studio N9 eyali ekozesebwa ku BBC World yaggalwa, era emirimu gyasenguka ne gigenda mu situdiyo eyasooka eya BBC News 24. Oluvannyuma situdiyo N9 yaddamu okuteekebwateekebwa okutuukana n’akabonero akapya, era n’ekozesebwa mu [[2009 United Kingdom local elections|kulonda kwa BBC okwa Bungereza mu bitundu by’e Bungereza]] n’okulaga [[2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom|okulonda kwa Bulaaya]] ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomukaaga 2009. '''Emyaka gya 2010''' Okwekenneenya enkola ya BBC mu Gwokusatu 2010, kwakakasa nti okubeera ne "eby'amawulire ebisinga mu nsi yonna" kyandikoze emu ku nkola etaano enkulu ez'okuwandiika, ng'ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezirina okwebuuza ku bantu n'okukkirizibwa [[BBC Trust]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=2 March 2010 |title=BBC 6 Music and Asian Network face axe in shake-up |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303054531/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |archive-date=3 March 2010 |access-date=2 March 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera ng’eyimiriziddwa ku nkomerero ya 2012, Helen Boaden yalekera awo okubeera Dayirekita wa BBC News. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396 ''Helen Boaden becomes director of BBC Radio'', BBC News, 14 February 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404060207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396|date=4 April 2018}}.</ref> Nga 16 Ogwokuna 2013, [[Director-General of the BBC|Dayirekita wa]] BBC omuggya [[Tony Hall, Baron Hall of Birkenhead|Tony Hall]] yayita [[James Harding (journalist)|James Harding]], eyali omutereeza w’olupapula lw’amawulire olwa ''[[The Times]]'' of London ng'amuyita Dayirekita w’Amawulire n’Ebifa mu ggwanga.<ref name="harding">[http://www.mediaweek.co.uk/news/rss/1178458/Former-Times-editor-James-Harding-news-boss-BBC/ ''Former Times editor James Harding to be news boss at BBC'', Gordon MacMillan, MediaWeek, London, 16 April 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132757/https://www.campaignlive.co.uk//|date=24 November 2023}}.</ref> Okuva mu Gwomunaana 2012 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2013, emirimu gyonna egy’amawulire gyava mu Television Center ne gigenda mu bifo ebipya mu [[Broadcasting House]] eyaddaabirizibwa era n’egaziyizibwa, mu [[Portland Place]] . Enkola eno yatandika mu Gwekkumi 2012, era nga mulimu ne BBC World Service eyasenguka okuva mu [[Bush House]] oluvannyuma lwa liizi ya BBC okuggwaako. Okugaziya kuno okupya okugenda mu bukiikakkono n'obuvanjuba, okuyitibwa "New Broadcasting House", kulimu situdiyo za leediyo ne ttivvi empya eziwerako ez'omulembe nga zeetoolodde atrium ey'emyaliiro 11. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |date=7 September 2012 |title=The news from the BBC: its £1bn new base is finally coming on air |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114538/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |archive-date=11 September 2018 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Enkola eno yatandika ne pulogulaamu y'omunda mu ggwanga eya ''[[The Andrew Marr Show]]'' nga 2 Ogwomwenda 2012, era yakomekkerezebwa n'okusenguka kw'omukutu gwa BBC News n'amawulire g'omunda nga 18 Ogwokusatu 2013. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Coomes |first=Phil |date=6 July 2012 |title=Goodbye Television Centre |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203151813/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |archive-date=3 February 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2012 |title=BBC News begins move into Broadcasting House |url=http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117060101/http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |archive-date=17 January 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |publisher=Newscast Studio}}</ref> <ref name="Last move">{{Cite news |date=18 March 2013 |title=BBC TV Centre broadcasts last network news bulletins |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21818963 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231012440/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-21818963 |archive-date=31 December 2020 |access-date=18 March 2013 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kirimu amawulire gonna ag’omunda mu ggwanga ne pulogulaamu ku ttivvi ne leediyo, wamu n’emikutu gya leediyo egy’ensi yonna egya [[BBC World Service]] n’omukutu gwa ttivvi ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]] . BBC News ne [[CBS News]] baatandikawo omukago n’okutereeza n'okukungaanya amawulire mu 2017, ne badda mu kifo ky’omukago ogwali gumaze ebbanga wakati wa BBC News ne [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2017 |title=BBC changes US news partner |url=https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331150107/https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |archive-date=31 March 2024 |access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref> Mu kunoonyereza [[Simmons Research|okwakolebwa aba Simmons Research]] mu Gwekkumi 2018 ku bitongole by’amawulire 38, BBC News yakwata ekifo eky’okuna mu kitongole ky’amawulire ekisinga okwesigika mu Bamerica, emabega wa CBS News, ABC News ne ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Benton |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Benton |date=5 October 2018 |title=Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!) |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |archive-date=8 December 2020 |access-date=29 December 2022 |website=[[Nieman Lab]]}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 2020''' '''<br />'''Mu Gwolubereberye gwa 2020 BBC yalangirira nti BBC News yali esuubira okutereka ssente za pawundi obukadde 80 buli mwaka, 2022 we gunaatuukira, nga kino kizingiramu okukendeeza ku bakozi nga 450 okuva ku 6,000 abaliwo kati. Dayirekita wa BBC ow’amawulire n’ensonga eziri mu ggwanga [[Fran Unsworth]] yagambye nti wagenda kubaawo okugenda mu maaso n’okuweereza [[Digital broadcasting|ku mpewo mu ngeri ya digito]], mu kitundu okusikiriza abalabi abato okuddayo, n’okugatta bannamawulire okusingawo okukomya ttiimu ez’enjawulo okubunyisa amawulire ge gamu. <ref name="bbc-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=BBC News to close 450 posts as part of £80m savings drive |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215000003/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |archive-date=15 December 2020 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref name="telegraph-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=Budget cuts will not solve the BBC's problems |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> Okukendeeza ku bakozi abalala 70 kwalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2020. <ref name="guardian-20200715">{{Cite news |last=Waterson |first=Jim |date=15 July 2020 |title=BBC announces further 70 job cuts in news division |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101031912/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |archive-date=1 November 2020 |access-date=15 December 2020 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> [[BBC Three]] yatandika okuweereza pulogulaamu y’amawulire ''eya The Catch Up'' mu Gwokubiri 2022. Eweerezebwa Levi Jouavel, Kirsty Grant, ne Callum Tulley era nga egenderera okufuna abantu omukutu guno be gugenderera (ab'emyaka 16 okutuuka ku 34) okukola amakulu mu nsi ebabeetoolodde ate nga era liraga emboozi ezirina essuubi.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Kahn|first=Ellie|date=31 January 2022|title=BBC3 preps 'shareable' news bulletin|url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|url-access=subscription|magazine=[[Broadcast (magazine)|Broadcast]]|id={{ProQuest|2624210115}}|accessdate=16 May 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094756/https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|archivedate=16 May 2024}}</ref> Bw’ogeraageranya n'eyasooka eya ''[[60 Seconds|sekonda 60]]'', ''The Catch Up'' esingako emirundi esatu, etambula okumala eddakiika nga ssatu ate nga tefulumira ku mpewo ku wiikendi. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Bryan |first=Scott |date=2 February 2022 |title='The whole launch show is a pre-record': we watched BBC Three's return to TV – so you didn't have to |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094726/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Okusinziira ku lipoota yaayo ey’omwaka we bwatuukira mu 2021 , Buyindi y’esinga okukozesa empeereza za BBC mu nsi yonna. [1] Mu Gwokutaano 2025, oluvannyuma lwa musisi eyakuba Myanmar ne Thailand, ekiwandiiko kya ttivvi (BBC News Myanmar) okuva mu mpeereza ya Burma nga kikozesa sseetilayiti ya [[Voice of America]] yatandika okuweereza. <ref>{{Cite news |title=Lokalna wesja BBC News ruszy w DTH |url=https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513171919/https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |archive-date=13 May 2025 |access-date=13 May 2025 |work=satkurier.pl |language=Polish}}</ref> <references /> qw3fibk6bfirv8ibt0vws9ln2rse0my 65386 65385 2026-07-28T20:44:26Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> Nga 18 Ogwekkuminoogumu 2007, ED Mark Thompson yalangirira enteekateeka y'emyaka omukaaga, "Delivering Creative Futures" (esinziira ku pulojekiti ye eyatandika mu Gwokusatu 2005), ng'agatta ekitongole kya ttivvi ekikola ku nsonga z'ebifa mu ggwanga mu kitundu ekipya ekya "News Programmes". <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=Radical reform to deliver a more focused BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020051207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |archive-date=20 October 2007 |publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hewlett |first=Steve |date=22 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts: look on the bright side |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024120744/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |archive-date=24 October 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Thompson okulangirira, ng’ayanukula olw'enkendeera mu buvujjirizi obwa pawundi obuwumbi bubiri, yagamba nti, tuweerereza ku "BBC entono naye nga nnungi" mu mulembe gwa digito, nga tusala ku musaala gwayo era, mu 2013, n'atunda [[BBC Television Centre|Television Center]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts back programmes and jobs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm#tables |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=25 October 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ebisenge by’amawulire eby’enjawulo eby’emirimu gya ttivvi, leediyo ne ku yintaneeti byagattibwa ne bifuuka ekisenge kimu eky’amawulire eky’emikutu emingi. Okukola pulogulaamu munda mu bisenge by’amawulire kwagattibwa wamu okukola ekitongole ekikola pulogulaamu ez’emikutu emingi. Dayirekita wa [[BBC World Service|BBC World Service,]] Peter Horrocks yagamba nti enkyukakyuka zino zigenda kufuna omugaso mu kiseera kino eky’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya mu BBC. Mu bye yawandiika ku mikutu gye emigatta bantu, yawandiika nti okukozesa eby’obugagga bye bimu mu mikutu egy’enjawulo egy’okuweereza ku mpewo kitegeeza nti emboozi ntono ezisobola okufulumizibwa, oba okugoberera emboozi nnyingi, wandibaddewo engeri ntono ez’okuziweereza ku mpewo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2007 |title=Multimedia News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115103603/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |archive-date=15 November 2007 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Enkola empya ey’okuzannya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo yatongozebwa okufulumya ebiwandiiko bya ttivvi mu Gwolubereberye 2007. Kino kyakwatagana n’ensengeka empya mu mawulire ga BBC World News, abafulumya ebitabo nga baagala ekitundu ekiweereddwayo okwekenneenya amawulire agafulumizibwa. Ekiwandiiko ekipya ekya BBC News ekyasooka okuva ku mawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri kyalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2007 oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa obulungi mu Midlands. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2007 |title=BBC One gets extra news bulletin |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714232708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 July 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu bufunze, obumala sekondi 90, bubadde bulagibwa ku ssaawa 20:00 ku nnaku za wiiki okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2007 era nga bufaanagana ne ''[[60 Seconds]]'' ku [[BBC Three]], kyokka nga mulimu n’emitwe okuva mu bitundu bya BBC eby’enjawulo n’okuwa mu bufunze embeera y’obudde. Ng’emu ku nteekateeka y’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya ey’ekiseera ekiwanvu, amawulire gakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa ''BBC News ku ssaawam Muanvu'', kkuminabbiri n'ennya mu Gwokuna 2008 ate BBC News 24 n’ekyusibwa erinnya BBC News n’egenda mu situdiyo y’emu ne bulletin ku BBC Television Centre. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Gadher |first=Dipesh |date=13 April 2008 |title=BBC rings changes with news revamp |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907171053/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |archive-date=7 September 2008 |access-date=30 April 2009 |work=The Times |location=London}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC News Channel – 2008 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021938/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |archive-date=10 May 2011 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=TV Ark}}</ref> BBC World yakyusibwa erinnya lya ''BBC World News'' era pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu nazo zaddamu okulongoosebwa n’engeri empya ey’okulaga, eyakolebwa [[Lambie-Nairn]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Horrocks |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC NEWS – The Editors Blog – New News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805003251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |archive-date=5 August 2020 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> 2008 era yafuna emikutu esatu egyatongozebwa ku TV, leediyo, ne ku yintaneeti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uncorrected Evidence m274 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153245/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> Okusenguka mu situdiyo era kwategeeza nti Studio N9 eyali ekozesebwa ku BBC World yaggalwa, era emirimu gyasenguka ne gigenda mu situdiyo eyasooka eya BBC News 24. Oluvannyuma situdiyo N9 yaddamu okuteekebwateekebwa okutuukana n’akabonero akapya, era n’ekozesebwa mu [[2009 United Kingdom local elections|kulonda kwa BBC okwa Bungereza mu bitundu by’e Bungereza]] n’okulaga [[2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom|okulonda kwa Bulaaya]] ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomukaaga 2009. '''Emyaka gya 2010''' Okwekenneenya enkola ya BBC mu Gwokusatu 2010, kwakakasa nti okubeera ne "eby'amawulire ebisinga mu nsi yonna" kyandikoze emu ku nkola etaano enkulu ez'okuwandiika, ng'ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezirina okwebuuza ku bantu n'okukkirizibwa [[BBC Trust]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=2 March 2010 |title=BBC 6 Music and Asian Network face axe in shake-up |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303054531/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |archive-date=3 March 2010 |access-date=2 March 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera ng’eyimiriziddwa ku nkomerero ya 2012, Helen Boaden yalekera awo okubeera Dayirekita wa BBC News. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396 ''Helen Boaden becomes director of BBC Radio'', BBC News, 14 February 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404060207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396|date=4 April 2018}}.</ref> Nga 16 Ogwokuna 2013, [[Director-General of the BBC|Dayirekita wa]] BBC omuggya [[Tony Hall, Baron Hall of Birkenhead|Tony Hall]] yayita [[James Harding (journalist)|James Harding]], eyali omutereeza w’olupapula lw’amawulire olwa ''[[The Times]]'' of London ng'amuyita Dayirekita w’Amawulire n’Ebifa mu ggwanga.<ref name="harding">[http://www.mediaweek.co.uk/news/rss/1178458/Former-Times-editor-James-Harding-news-boss-BBC/ ''Former Times editor James Harding to be news boss at BBC'', Gordon MacMillan, MediaWeek, London, 16 April 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132757/https://www.campaignlive.co.uk//|date=24 November 2023}}.</ref> Okuva mu Gwomunaana 2012 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2013, emirimu gyonna egy’amawulire gyava mu Television Center ne gigenda mu bifo ebipya mu [[Broadcasting House]] eyaddaabirizibwa era n’egaziyizibwa, mu [[Portland Place]] . Enkola eno yatandika mu Gwekkumi 2012, era nga mulimu ne BBC World Service eyasenguka okuva mu [[Bush House]] oluvannyuma lwa liizi ya BBC okuggwaako. Okugaziya kuno okupya okugenda mu bukiikakkono n'obuvanjuba, okuyitibwa "New Broadcasting House", kulimu situdiyo za leediyo ne ttivvi empya eziwerako ez'omulembe nga zeetoolodde atrium ey'emyaliiro 11. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |date=7 September 2012 |title=The news from the BBC: its £1bn new base is finally coming on air |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114538/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |archive-date=11 September 2018 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Enkola eno yatandika ne pulogulaamu y'omunda mu ggwanga eya ''[[The Andrew Marr Show]]'' nga 2 Ogwomwenda 2012, era yakomekkerezebwa n'okusenguka kw'omukutu gwa BBC News n'amawulire g'omunda nga 18 Ogwokusatu 2013. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Coomes |first=Phil |date=6 July 2012 |title=Goodbye Television Centre |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203151813/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |archive-date=3 February 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2012 |title=BBC News begins move into Broadcasting House |url=http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117060101/http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |archive-date=17 January 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |publisher=Newscast Studio}}</ref> <ref name="Last move">{{Cite news |date=18 March 2013 |title=BBC TV Centre broadcasts last network news bulletins |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21818963 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231012440/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-21818963 |archive-date=31 December 2020 |access-date=18 March 2013 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kirimu amawulire gonna ag’omunda mu ggwanga ne pulogulaamu ku ttivvi ne leediyo, wamu n’emikutu gya leediyo egy’ensi yonna egya [[BBC World Service]] n’omukutu gwa ttivvi ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]] . BBC News ne [[CBS News]] baatandikawo omukago n’okutereeza n'okukungaanya amawulire mu 2017, ne badda mu kifo ky’omukago ogwali gumaze ebbanga wakati wa BBC News ne [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2017 |title=BBC changes US news partner |url=https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331150107/https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |archive-date=31 March 2024 |access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref> Mu kunoonyereza [[Simmons Research|okwakolebwa aba Simmons Research]] mu Gwekkumi 2018 ku bitongole by’amawulire 38, BBC News yakwata ekifo eky’okuna mu kitongole ky’amawulire ekisinga okwesigika mu Bamerica, emabega wa CBS News, ABC News ne ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Benton |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Benton |date=5 October 2018 |title=Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!) |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |archive-date=8 December 2020 |access-date=29 December 2022 |website=[[Nieman Lab]]}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 2020''' '''<br />'''Mu Gwolubereberye gwa 2020 BBC yalangirira nti BBC News yali esuubira okutereka ssente za pawundi obukadde 80 buli mwaka, 2022 we gunaatuukira, nga kino kizingiramu okukendeeza ku bakozi nga 450 okuva ku 6,000 abaliwo kati. Dayirekita wa BBC ow’amawulire n’ensonga eziri mu ggwanga [[Fran Unsworth]] yagambye nti wagenda kubaawo okugenda mu maaso n’okuweereza [[Digital broadcasting|ku mpewo mu ngeri ya digito]], mu kitundu okusikiriza abalabi abato okuddayo, n’okugatta bannamawulire okusingawo okukomya ttiimu ez’enjawulo okubunyisa amawulire ge gamu. <ref name="bbc-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=BBC News to close 450 posts as part of £80m savings drive |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215000003/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |archive-date=15 December 2020 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref name="telegraph-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=Budget cuts will not solve the BBC's problems |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> Okukendeeza ku bakozi abalala 70 kwalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2020. <ref name="guardian-20200715">{{Cite news |last=Waterson |first=Jim |date=15 July 2020 |title=BBC announces further 70 job cuts in news division |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101031912/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |archive-date=1 November 2020 |access-date=15 December 2020 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> [[BBC Three]] yatandika okuweereza pulogulaamu y’amawulire ''eya The Catch Up'' mu Gwokubiri 2022. Eweerezebwa Levi Jouavel, Kirsty Grant, ne Callum Tulley era nga egenderera okufuna abantu omukutu guno be gugenderera (ab'emyaka 16 okutuuka ku 34) okukola amakulu mu nsi ebabeetoolodde ate nga era liraga emboozi ezirina essuubi.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Kahn|first=Ellie|date=31 January 2022|title=BBC3 preps 'shareable' news bulletin|url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|url-access=subscription|magazine=[[Broadcast (magazine)|Broadcast]]|id={{ProQuest|2624210115}}|accessdate=16 May 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094756/https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|archivedate=16 May 2024}}</ref> Bw’ogeraageranya n'eyasooka eya ''[[60 Seconds|sekonda 60]]'', ''The Catch Up'' esingako emirundi esatu, etambula okumala eddakiika nga ssatu ate nga tefulumira ku mpewo ku wiikendi. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Bryan |first=Scott |date=2 February 2022 |title='The whole launch show is a pre-record': we watched BBC Three's return to TV – so you didn't have to |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094726/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Okusinziira ku lipoota yaayo ey’omwaka we bwatuukira mu 2021 , Buyindi y’esinga okukozesa empeereza za BBC mu nsi yonna. [1] Mu Gwokutaano 2025, oluvannyuma lwa musisi eyakuba Myanmar ne Thailand, ekiwandiiko kya ttivvi (BBC News Myanmar) okuva mu mpeereza ya Burma nga kikozesa sseetilayiti ya [[Voice of America]] yatandika okuweereza. <ref>{{Cite news |title=Lokalna wesja BBC News ruszy w DTH |url=https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513171919/https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |archive-date=13 May 2025 |access-date=13 May 2025 |work=satkurier.pl |language=Polish}}</ref> '''Okukola pulogulaamu n’okukola alipoota<br />''' <references /> rshnoyrga1lsgzsivg700uk8utnic36 65389 65386 2026-07-28T21:12:13Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 paragraph and heading 65389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> Nga 18 Ogwekkuminoogumu 2007, ED Mark Thompson yalangirira enteekateeka y'emyaka omukaaga, "Delivering Creative Futures" (esinziira ku pulojekiti ye eyatandika mu Gwokusatu 2005), ng'agatta ekitongole kya ttivvi ekikola ku nsonga z'ebifa mu ggwanga mu kitundu ekipya ekya "News Programmes". <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=Radical reform to deliver a more focused BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020051207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |archive-date=20 October 2007 |publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hewlett |first=Steve |date=22 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts: look on the bright side |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024120744/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |archive-date=24 October 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Thompson okulangirira, ng’ayanukula olw'enkendeera mu buvujjirizi obwa pawundi obuwumbi bubiri, yagamba nti, tuweerereza ku "BBC entono naye nga nnungi" mu mulembe gwa digito, nga tusala ku musaala gwayo era, mu 2013, n'atunda [[BBC Television Centre|Television Center]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts back programmes and jobs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm#tables |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=25 October 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ebisenge by’amawulire eby’enjawulo eby’emirimu gya ttivvi, leediyo ne ku yintaneeti byagattibwa ne bifuuka ekisenge kimu eky’amawulire eky’emikutu emingi. Okukola pulogulaamu munda mu bisenge by’amawulire kwagattibwa wamu okukola ekitongole ekikola pulogulaamu ez’emikutu emingi. Dayirekita wa [[BBC World Service|BBC World Service,]] Peter Horrocks yagamba nti enkyukakyuka zino zigenda kufuna omugaso mu kiseera kino eky’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya mu BBC. Mu bye yawandiika ku mikutu gye emigatta bantu, yawandiika nti okukozesa eby’obugagga bye bimu mu mikutu egy’enjawulo egy’okuweereza ku mpewo kitegeeza nti emboozi ntono ezisobola okufulumizibwa, oba okugoberera emboozi nnyingi, wandibaddewo engeri ntono ez’okuziweereza ku mpewo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2007 |title=Multimedia News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115103603/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |archive-date=15 November 2007 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Enkola empya ey’okuzannya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo yatongozebwa okufulumya ebiwandiiko bya ttivvi mu Gwolubereberye 2007. Kino kyakwatagana n’ensengeka empya mu mawulire ga BBC World News, abafulumya ebitabo nga baagala ekitundu ekiweereddwayo okwekenneenya amawulire agafulumizibwa. Ekiwandiiko ekipya ekya BBC News ekyasooka okuva ku mawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri kyalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2007 oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa obulungi mu Midlands. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2007 |title=BBC One gets extra news bulletin |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714232708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 July 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu bufunze, obumala sekondi 90, bubadde bulagibwa ku ssaawa 20:00 ku nnaku za wiiki okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2007 era nga bufaanagana ne ''[[60 Seconds]]'' ku [[BBC Three]], kyokka nga mulimu n’emitwe okuva mu bitundu bya BBC eby’enjawulo n’okuwa mu bufunze embeera y’obudde. Ng’emu ku nteekateeka y’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya ey’ekiseera ekiwanvu, amawulire gakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa ''BBC News ku ssaawam Muanvu'', kkuminabbiri n'ennya mu Gwokuna 2008 ate BBC News 24 n’ekyusibwa erinnya BBC News n’egenda mu situdiyo y’emu ne bulletin ku BBC Television Centre. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Gadher |first=Dipesh |date=13 April 2008 |title=BBC rings changes with news revamp |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907171053/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |archive-date=7 September 2008 |access-date=30 April 2009 |work=The Times |location=London}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC News Channel – 2008 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021938/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |archive-date=10 May 2011 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=TV Ark}}</ref> BBC World yakyusibwa erinnya lya ''BBC World News'' era pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu nazo zaddamu okulongoosebwa n’engeri empya ey’okulaga, eyakolebwa [[Lambie-Nairn]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Horrocks |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC NEWS – The Editors Blog – New News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805003251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |archive-date=5 August 2020 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> 2008 era yafuna emikutu esatu egyatongozebwa ku TV, leediyo, ne ku yintaneeti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uncorrected Evidence m274 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153245/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> Okusenguka mu situdiyo era kwategeeza nti Studio N9 eyali ekozesebwa ku BBC World yaggalwa, era emirimu gyasenguka ne gigenda mu situdiyo eyasooka eya BBC News 24. Oluvannyuma situdiyo N9 yaddamu okuteekebwateekebwa okutuukana n’akabonero akapya, era n’ekozesebwa mu [[2009 United Kingdom local elections|kulonda kwa BBC okwa Bungereza mu bitundu by’e Bungereza]] n’okulaga [[2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom|okulonda kwa Bulaaya]] ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomukaaga 2009. '''Emyaka gya 2010''' Okwekenneenya enkola ya BBC mu Gwokusatu 2010, kwakakasa nti okubeera ne "eby'amawulire ebisinga mu nsi yonna" kyandikoze emu ku nkola etaano enkulu ez'okuwandiika, ng'ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezirina okwebuuza ku bantu n'okukkirizibwa [[BBC Trust]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=2 March 2010 |title=BBC 6 Music and Asian Network face axe in shake-up |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303054531/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |archive-date=3 March 2010 |access-date=2 March 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera ng’eyimiriziddwa ku nkomerero ya 2012, Helen Boaden yalekera awo okubeera Dayirekita wa BBC News. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396 ''Helen Boaden becomes director of BBC Radio'', BBC News, 14 February 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404060207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396|date=4 April 2018}}.</ref> Nga 16 Ogwokuna 2013, [[Director-General of the BBC|Dayirekita wa]] BBC omuggya [[Tony Hall, Baron Hall of Birkenhead|Tony Hall]] yayita [[James Harding (journalist)|James Harding]], eyali omutereeza w’olupapula lw’amawulire olwa ''[[The Times]]'' of London ng'amuyita Dayirekita w’Amawulire n’Ebifa mu ggwanga.<ref name="harding">[http://www.mediaweek.co.uk/news/rss/1178458/Former-Times-editor-James-Harding-news-boss-BBC/ ''Former Times editor James Harding to be news boss at BBC'', Gordon MacMillan, MediaWeek, London, 16 April 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132757/https://www.campaignlive.co.uk//|date=24 November 2023}}.</ref> Okuva mu Gwomunaana 2012 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2013, emirimu gyonna egy’amawulire gyava mu Television Center ne gigenda mu bifo ebipya mu [[Broadcasting House]] eyaddaabirizibwa era n’egaziyizibwa, mu [[Portland Place]] . Enkola eno yatandika mu Gwekkumi 2012, era nga mulimu ne BBC World Service eyasenguka okuva mu [[Bush House]] oluvannyuma lwa liizi ya BBC okuggwaako. Okugaziya kuno okupya okugenda mu bukiikakkono n'obuvanjuba, okuyitibwa "New Broadcasting House", kulimu situdiyo za leediyo ne ttivvi empya eziwerako ez'omulembe nga zeetoolodde atrium ey'emyaliiro 11. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |date=7 September 2012 |title=The news from the BBC: its £1bn new base is finally coming on air |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114538/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |archive-date=11 September 2018 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Enkola eno yatandika ne pulogulaamu y'omunda mu ggwanga eya ''[[The Andrew Marr Show]]'' nga 2 Ogwomwenda 2012, era yakomekkerezebwa n'okusenguka kw'omukutu gwa BBC News n'amawulire g'omunda nga 18 Ogwokusatu 2013. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Coomes |first=Phil |date=6 July 2012 |title=Goodbye Television Centre |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203151813/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |archive-date=3 February 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2012 |title=BBC News begins move into Broadcasting House |url=http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117060101/http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |archive-date=17 January 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |publisher=Newscast Studio}}</ref> <ref name="Last move">{{Cite news |date=18 March 2013 |title=BBC TV Centre broadcasts last network news bulletins |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21818963 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231012440/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-21818963 |archive-date=31 December 2020 |access-date=18 March 2013 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kirimu amawulire gonna ag’omunda mu ggwanga ne pulogulaamu ku ttivvi ne leediyo, wamu n’emikutu gya leediyo egy’ensi yonna egya [[BBC World Service]] n’omukutu gwa ttivvi ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]] . BBC News ne [[CBS News]] baatandikawo omukago n’okutereeza n'okukungaanya amawulire mu 2017, ne badda mu kifo ky’omukago ogwali gumaze ebbanga wakati wa BBC News ne [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2017 |title=BBC changes US news partner |url=https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331150107/https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |archive-date=31 March 2024 |access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref> Mu kunoonyereza [[Simmons Research|okwakolebwa aba Simmons Research]] mu Gwekkumi 2018 ku bitongole by’amawulire 38, BBC News yakwata ekifo eky’okuna mu kitongole ky’amawulire ekisinga okwesigika mu Bamerica, emabega wa CBS News, ABC News ne ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Benton |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Benton |date=5 October 2018 |title=Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!) |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |archive-date=8 December 2020 |access-date=29 December 2022 |website=[[Nieman Lab]]}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 2020''' '''<br />'''Mu Gwolubereberye gwa 2020 BBC yalangirira nti BBC News yali esuubira okutereka ssente za pawundi obukadde 80 buli mwaka, 2022 we gunaatuukira, nga kino kizingiramu okukendeeza ku bakozi nga 450 okuva ku 6,000 abaliwo kati. Dayirekita wa BBC ow’amawulire n’ensonga eziri mu ggwanga [[Fran Unsworth]] yagambye nti wagenda kubaawo okugenda mu maaso n’okuweereza [[Digital broadcasting|ku mpewo mu ngeri ya digito]], mu kitundu okusikiriza abalabi abato okuddayo, n’okugatta bannamawulire okusingawo okukomya ttiimu ez’enjawulo okubunyisa amawulire ge gamu. <ref name="bbc-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=BBC News to close 450 posts as part of £80m savings drive |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215000003/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |archive-date=15 December 2020 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref name="telegraph-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=Budget cuts will not solve the BBC's problems |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> Okukendeeza ku bakozi abalala 70 kwalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2020. <ref name="guardian-20200715">{{Cite news |last=Waterson |first=Jim |date=15 July 2020 |title=BBC announces further 70 job cuts in news division |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101031912/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |archive-date=1 November 2020 |access-date=15 December 2020 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> [[BBC Three]] yatandika okuweereza pulogulaamu y’amawulire ''eya The Catch Up'' mu Gwokubiri 2022. Eweerezebwa Levi Jouavel, Kirsty Grant, ne Callum Tulley era nga egenderera okufuna abantu omukutu guno be gugenderera (ab'emyaka 16 okutuuka ku 34) okukola amakulu mu nsi ebabeetoolodde ate nga era liraga emboozi ezirina essuubi.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Kahn|first=Ellie|date=31 January 2022|title=BBC3 preps 'shareable' news bulletin|url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|url-access=subscription|magazine=[[Broadcast (magazine)|Broadcast]]|id={{ProQuest|2624210115}}|accessdate=16 May 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094756/https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|archivedate=16 May 2024}}</ref> Bw’ogeraageranya n'eyasooka eya ''[[60 Seconds|sekonda 60]]'', ''The Catch Up'' esingako emirundi esatu, etambula okumala eddakiika nga ssatu ate nga tefulumira ku mpewo ku wiikendi. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Bryan |first=Scott |date=2 February 2022 |title='The whole launch show is a pre-record': we watched BBC Three's return to TV – so you didn't have to |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094726/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Okusinziira ku lipoota yaayo ey’omwaka we bwatuukira mu 2021 , Buyindi y’esinga okukozesa empeereza za BBC mu nsi yonna. [1] Mu Gwokutaano 2025, oluvannyuma lwa musisi eyakuba Myanmar ne Thailand, ekiwandiiko kya ttivvi (BBC News Myanmar) okuva mu mpeereza ya Burma nga kikozesa sseetilayiti ya [[Voice of America]] yatandika okuweereza. <ref>{{Cite news |title=Lokalna wesja BBC News ruszy w DTH |url=https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513171919/https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |archive-date=13 May 2025 |access-date=13 May 2025 |work=satkurier.pl |language=Polish}}</ref> '''Okukola pulogulaamu n’okukola alipoota<br />''' Mu Ogwekkuminoogumu 2023, BBC News yeegatta ku kibiina ky’ensi yonna ekya [[International Consortium of Investigative Journalists]], {{Interlanguage link|Paper trail media|lt=Paper Trail Media|de}}, ne kkampuni z'ammawulire ze baakolagananga nazo omwali [[:en:Distributed_Denial_of_Secrets|Distributed Denial of Secrets]] and the [[:en:Organised_Crime_and_Corruption_Reporting_Project|Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project]] (OCCRP) era bannamawulire abaasukka mu 270 mu nsi 55 n'amatwale <ref name=":022">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Inside Cyprus Confidential: The data-driven journalism that helped expose an island under Russian influence – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/leaked-data-journalism-methodology/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231130214812/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/leaked-data-journalism-methodology/ |archive-date=30 November 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref>[[Distributed Denial of Secrets|​]] <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=About the Cyprus Confidential investigation – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/about-cyprus-confidential-investigation/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121093552/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/about-cyprus-confidential-investigation/ |archive-date=21 November 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref>[[Cyprus Confidential|​]][[Vladimir Putin|​]] okufulumya alipoota ya '[[:en:Cyprus_Confidential|Cyprus Confidential]]' okulaga entambula y'ebyensimbi ekiwagira obufuzi bwa [[:en:Vladimir_Putin|Vladimir Putin]], okusinga nga alina abantu mu Cyprus era n'eraga nti alina abantu baakolagana nabo eenyo ab’oku ntikko mu Kremlin, abamu ku bo baaweebwa envumbo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 November 2023 |title=Cyprus Confidential: Leaked Roman Abramovich documents raise fresh questions for Chelsea FC: ICIJ-led investigation reveals how Mediterranean island ignores Russian atrocities and western sanctions to cash in on Putin's oligarchs |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/2023/11/15/cyprus-confidential-leaked-roman-abramovich-documents-raise-fresh-questions-for-chelsea-fc/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115073523/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/2023/11/15/cyprus-confidential-leaked-roman-abramovich-documents-raise-fresh-questions-for-chelsea-fc/ |archive-date=15 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=The Irish Times |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Cyprus Confidential – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224150800/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/ |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=14 November 2023 |website=icij.org}}</ref> Abakungu ba gavumenti omuli pulezidenti wa Cyprus [[Nikos Christodoulides]] <ref name=":72">{{Cite web |date=15 November 2023 |title=Cypriot president pledges government probe into Cyprus Confidential revelations – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cypriot-president-pledges-government-probe-into-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214203142/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cypriot-president-pledges-government-probe-into-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |archive-date=14 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref> n’ababaka ba Palamenti mu Bulaaya <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 November 2023 |title=Lawmakers call for EU crackdown after ICIJ's Cyprus Confidential revelations – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/lawmakers-call-for-eu-crackdown-after-icijs-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224114123/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/lawmakers-call-for-eu-crackdown-after-icijs-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref> baatandika okwanukula ebizuuliddwa mu kunoonyereza mu ssaawa ezitakka wansi wa 24,<ref name=":72" /> nga basaba ennongoosereza n’okutongoza okunoonyereza.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Cyprus ignores Russian atrocities, Western sanctions to shield vast wealth of Putin allies – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cyprus-russia-eu-secrecy-tax-haven/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214002320/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cyprus-russia-eu-secrecy-tax-haven/ |archive-date=14 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Finance Minister perturbed over 'Cyprus Confidential' |url=https://knews.kathimerini.com.cy/en/news/finance-minister-perturbed-over-cyprus-confidential |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224114126/https://knews.kathimerini.com.cy/en/news/finance-minister-perturbed-over-cyprus-confidential |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |website=knews.com.cy}}</ref> '''<br />Ttivvi yaabwe''' BBC News y’evunaanyizibwa ku pulogulaamu z’amawulire n’ebiwandiiko ku mikutu gya ttivvi za BBC egy’awamu, wamu n’okufulumya amawulire ku mukutu gwa BBC News Channel mu Bungereza, n’okukola pulogulaamu ez’essaawa 22 ku mukutu gw’ekitongole kino ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC World Service {{!}} WNYC {{!}} New York Public Radio, Podcasts, Live Streaming Radio, News |url=https://www.wnyc.org/shows/bbc-world-service/about |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=WNYC |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-13 |title=How it works… BBC World TV and Radio |url=https://roxhillmedia.com/resources/pr-insights/how-it-works-bbc-world-tv-and-radio/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=roxhillmedia.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okuwandiika ku [[BBC Parliament|Palamenti ya BBC]] kukolebwa ku lwa BBC mu [[Millbank]] Studios, wadde nga BBC News egaba ebikwata ku bafulumya n’amawulire.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC Parliament |url=https://www.freeview.co.uk/get-freeview-play/channels/bbc-parliament |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=www.freeview.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Ebirimu bya BBC News era bifulumizibwa ku ttivvi za BBC eza digito ezikwatagana wansi w’akabonero ka [[BBC Red Button]], era okutuusa mu 2012, ku nkola ya [[Ceefax]] [[teletext]] . <ref>{{Cite news |last=Perraudin |first=Frances |date=16 September 2019 |title=BBC to switch off Red Button information service in 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2019/sep/16/bbc-to-switch-off-red-button-2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714143124/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2019/sep/16/bbc-to-switch-off-red-button-2020 |archive-date=14 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Ennyimba ku pulogulaamu zonna ez'amawulire ku ttivvi za BBC gwatongozebwa mu 1999 era nga zaayimbibwa [[David Lowe (television and radio composer)|David Lowe]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=3 November 2015 |title=Column: David Lowe – the man who changed news music forever |url=https://www.newscaststudio.com/2015/11/03/column-david-lowe-the-man-who-changed-news-music-forever/?og=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160751/https://www.newscaststudio.com/2015/11/03/column-david-lowe-the-man-who-changed-news-music-forever/?og=1 |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=NewscastStudio |language=en-US}}</ref> Yali emu ku kuddamu okussaako akabonero akaatandika mu 1999 era nga kuliko ' [[BBC Pips]] '.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=23 September 2019 |title=What is the music used in TV news programmes? {{!}} Classical-Music.com |url=http://www.classical-music.com/article/what-music-used-tv-news-programmes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925114905/http://www.classical-music.com/article/what-music-used-tv-news-programmes |archive-date=25 September 2019 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=BBC Music Magazine}}</ref> Omulamwa ogw’awamu gwakozesebwa ku mawulire ku [[BBC One]], News 24, BBC World ne pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu ggwanga mu BBC’s [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|Nations and Regions]] . <ref name=":2" /> Lowe era ye yali avunaanyizibwa ku nnyimba zino ku Radio One's ''[[Newsbeat]]'' . <ref name=":2" /> Omulamwa guno gubadde n’enkyukakyuka eziwerako okuva mu 1999, eyasembyeyo mu Gwokusatu 2013. <ref name=":1" /> <references /> 3du6yhe1pcuydkd2p7t953fakp23jkb 65393 65389 2026-07-28T21:21:27Z NKINZIK MARIE 7432 Added new paragraph 65393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> Nga 18 Ogwekkuminoogumu 2007, ED Mark Thompson yalangirira enteekateeka y'emyaka omukaaga, "Delivering Creative Futures" (esinziira ku pulojekiti ye eyatandika mu Gwokusatu 2005), ng'agatta ekitongole kya ttivvi ekikola ku nsonga z'ebifa mu ggwanga mu kitundu ekipya ekya "News Programmes". <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=Radical reform to deliver a more focused BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020051207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |archive-date=20 October 2007 |publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hewlett |first=Steve |date=22 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts: look on the bright side |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024120744/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |archive-date=24 October 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Thompson okulangirira, ng’ayanukula olw'enkendeera mu buvujjirizi obwa pawundi obuwumbi bubiri, yagamba nti, tuweerereza ku "BBC entono naye nga nnungi" mu mulembe gwa digito, nga tusala ku musaala gwayo era, mu 2013, n'atunda [[BBC Television Centre|Television Center]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts back programmes and jobs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm#tables |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=25 October 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ebisenge by’amawulire eby’enjawulo eby’emirimu gya ttivvi, leediyo ne ku yintaneeti byagattibwa ne bifuuka ekisenge kimu eky’amawulire eky’emikutu emingi. Okukola pulogulaamu munda mu bisenge by’amawulire kwagattibwa wamu okukola ekitongole ekikola pulogulaamu ez’emikutu emingi. Dayirekita wa [[BBC World Service|BBC World Service,]] Peter Horrocks yagamba nti enkyukakyuka zino zigenda kufuna omugaso mu kiseera kino eky’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya mu BBC. Mu bye yawandiika ku mikutu gye emigatta bantu, yawandiika nti okukozesa eby’obugagga bye bimu mu mikutu egy’enjawulo egy’okuweereza ku mpewo kitegeeza nti emboozi ntono ezisobola okufulumizibwa, oba okugoberera emboozi nnyingi, wandibaddewo engeri ntono ez’okuziweereza ku mpewo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2007 |title=Multimedia News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115103603/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |archive-date=15 November 2007 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Enkola empya ey’okuzannya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo yatongozebwa okufulumya ebiwandiiko bya ttivvi mu Gwolubereberye 2007. Kino kyakwatagana n’ensengeka empya mu mawulire ga BBC World News, abafulumya ebitabo nga baagala ekitundu ekiweereddwayo okwekenneenya amawulire agafulumizibwa. Ekiwandiiko ekipya ekya BBC News ekyasooka okuva ku mawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri kyalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2007 oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa obulungi mu Midlands. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2007 |title=BBC One gets extra news bulletin |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714232708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 July 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu bufunze, obumala sekondi 90, bubadde bulagibwa ku ssaawa 20:00 ku nnaku za wiiki okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2007 era nga bufaanagana ne ''[[60 Seconds]]'' ku [[BBC Three]], kyokka nga mulimu n’emitwe okuva mu bitundu bya BBC eby’enjawulo n’okuwa mu bufunze embeera y’obudde. Ng’emu ku nteekateeka y’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya ey’ekiseera ekiwanvu, amawulire gakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa ''BBC News ku ssaawam Muanvu'', kkuminabbiri n'ennya mu Gwokuna 2008 ate BBC News 24 n’ekyusibwa erinnya BBC News n’egenda mu situdiyo y’emu ne bulletin ku BBC Television Centre. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Gadher |first=Dipesh |date=13 April 2008 |title=BBC rings changes with news revamp |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907171053/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |archive-date=7 September 2008 |access-date=30 April 2009 |work=The Times |location=London}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC News Channel – 2008 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021938/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |archive-date=10 May 2011 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=TV Ark}}</ref> BBC World yakyusibwa erinnya lya ''BBC World News'' era pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu nazo zaddamu okulongoosebwa n’engeri empya ey’okulaga, eyakolebwa [[Lambie-Nairn]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Horrocks |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC NEWS – The Editors Blog – New News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805003251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |archive-date=5 August 2020 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> 2008 era yafuna emikutu esatu egyatongozebwa ku TV, leediyo, ne ku yintaneeti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uncorrected Evidence m274 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153245/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> Okusenguka mu situdiyo era kwategeeza nti Studio N9 eyali ekozesebwa ku BBC World yaggalwa, era emirimu gyasenguka ne gigenda mu situdiyo eyasooka eya BBC News 24. Oluvannyuma situdiyo N9 yaddamu okuteekebwateekebwa okutuukana n’akabonero akapya, era n’ekozesebwa mu [[2009 United Kingdom local elections|kulonda kwa BBC okwa Bungereza mu bitundu by’e Bungereza]] n’okulaga [[2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom|okulonda kwa Bulaaya]] ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomukaaga 2009. '''Emyaka gya 2010''' Okwekenneenya enkola ya BBC mu Gwokusatu 2010, kwakakasa nti okubeera ne "eby'amawulire ebisinga mu nsi yonna" kyandikoze emu ku nkola etaano enkulu ez'okuwandiika, ng'ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezirina okwebuuza ku bantu n'okukkirizibwa [[BBC Trust]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=2 March 2010 |title=BBC 6 Music and Asian Network face axe in shake-up |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303054531/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |archive-date=3 March 2010 |access-date=2 March 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera ng’eyimiriziddwa ku nkomerero ya 2012, Helen Boaden yalekera awo okubeera Dayirekita wa BBC News. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396 ''Helen Boaden becomes director of BBC Radio'', BBC News, 14 February 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404060207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396|date=4 April 2018}}.</ref> Nga 16 Ogwokuna 2013, [[Director-General of the BBC|Dayirekita wa]] BBC omuggya [[Tony Hall, Baron Hall of Birkenhead|Tony Hall]] yayita [[James Harding (journalist)|James Harding]], eyali omutereeza w’olupapula lw’amawulire olwa ''[[The Times]]'' of London ng'amuyita Dayirekita w’Amawulire n’Ebifa mu ggwanga.<ref name="harding">[http://www.mediaweek.co.uk/news/rss/1178458/Former-Times-editor-James-Harding-news-boss-BBC/ ''Former Times editor James Harding to be news boss at BBC'', Gordon MacMillan, MediaWeek, London, 16 April 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132757/https://www.campaignlive.co.uk//|date=24 November 2023}}.</ref> Okuva mu Gwomunaana 2012 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2013, emirimu gyonna egy’amawulire gyava mu Television Center ne gigenda mu bifo ebipya mu [[Broadcasting House]] eyaddaabirizibwa era n’egaziyizibwa, mu [[Portland Place]] . Enkola eno yatandika mu Gwekkumi 2012, era nga mulimu ne BBC World Service eyasenguka okuva mu [[Bush House]] oluvannyuma lwa liizi ya BBC okuggwaako. Okugaziya kuno okupya okugenda mu bukiikakkono n'obuvanjuba, okuyitibwa "New Broadcasting House", kulimu situdiyo za leediyo ne ttivvi empya eziwerako ez'omulembe nga zeetoolodde atrium ey'emyaliiro 11. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |date=7 September 2012 |title=The news from the BBC: its £1bn new base is finally coming on air |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114538/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |archive-date=11 September 2018 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Enkola eno yatandika ne pulogulaamu y'omunda mu ggwanga eya ''[[The Andrew Marr Show]]'' nga 2 Ogwomwenda 2012, era yakomekkerezebwa n'okusenguka kw'omukutu gwa BBC News n'amawulire g'omunda nga 18 Ogwokusatu 2013. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Coomes |first=Phil |date=6 July 2012 |title=Goodbye Television Centre |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203151813/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |archive-date=3 February 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2012 |title=BBC News begins move into Broadcasting House |url=http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117060101/http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |archive-date=17 January 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |publisher=Newscast Studio}}</ref> <ref name="Last move">{{Cite news |date=18 March 2013 |title=BBC TV Centre broadcasts last network news bulletins |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21818963 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231012440/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-21818963 |archive-date=31 December 2020 |access-date=18 March 2013 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kirimu amawulire gonna ag’omunda mu ggwanga ne pulogulaamu ku ttivvi ne leediyo, wamu n’emikutu gya leediyo egy’ensi yonna egya [[BBC World Service]] n’omukutu gwa ttivvi ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]] . BBC News ne [[CBS News]] baatandikawo omukago n’okutereeza n'okukungaanya amawulire mu 2017, ne badda mu kifo ky’omukago ogwali gumaze ebbanga wakati wa BBC News ne [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2017 |title=BBC changes US news partner |url=https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331150107/https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |archive-date=31 March 2024 |access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref> Mu kunoonyereza [[Simmons Research|okwakolebwa aba Simmons Research]] mu Gwekkumi 2018 ku bitongole by’amawulire 38, BBC News yakwata ekifo eky’okuna mu kitongole ky’amawulire ekisinga okwesigika mu Bamerica, emabega wa CBS News, ABC News ne ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Benton |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Benton |date=5 October 2018 |title=Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!) |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |archive-date=8 December 2020 |access-date=29 December 2022 |website=[[Nieman Lab]]}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 2020''' '''<br />'''Mu Gwolubereberye gwa 2020 BBC yalangirira nti BBC News yali esuubira okutereka ssente za pawundi obukadde 80 buli mwaka, 2022 we gunaatuukira, nga kino kizingiramu okukendeeza ku bakozi nga 450 okuva ku 6,000 abaliwo kati. Dayirekita wa BBC ow’amawulire n’ensonga eziri mu ggwanga [[Fran Unsworth]] yagambye nti wagenda kubaawo okugenda mu maaso n’okuweereza [[Digital broadcasting|ku mpewo mu ngeri ya digito]], mu kitundu okusikiriza abalabi abato okuddayo, n’okugatta bannamawulire okusingawo okukomya ttiimu ez’enjawulo okubunyisa amawulire ge gamu. <ref name="bbc-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=BBC News to close 450 posts as part of £80m savings drive |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215000003/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |archive-date=15 December 2020 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref name="telegraph-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=Budget cuts will not solve the BBC's problems |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> Okukendeeza ku bakozi abalala 70 kwalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2020. <ref name="guardian-20200715">{{Cite news |last=Waterson |first=Jim |date=15 July 2020 |title=BBC announces further 70 job cuts in news division |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101031912/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |archive-date=1 November 2020 |access-date=15 December 2020 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> [[BBC Three]] yatandika okuweereza pulogulaamu y’amawulire ''eya The Catch Up'' mu Gwokubiri 2022. Eweerezebwa Levi Jouavel, Kirsty Grant, ne Callum Tulley era nga egenderera okufuna abantu omukutu guno be gugenderera (ab'emyaka 16 okutuuka ku 34) okukola amakulu mu nsi ebabeetoolodde ate nga era liraga emboozi ezirina essuubi.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Kahn|first=Ellie|date=31 January 2022|title=BBC3 preps 'shareable' news bulletin|url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|url-access=subscription|magazine=[[Broadcast (magazine)|Broadcast]]|id={{ProQuest|2624210115}}|accessdate=16 May 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094756/https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|archivedate=16 May 2024}}</ref> Bw’ogeraageranya n'eyasooka eya ''[[60 Seconds|sekonda 60]]'', ''The Catch Up'' esingako emirundi esatu, etambula okumala eddakiika nga ssatu ate nga tefulumira ku mpewo ku wiikendi. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Bryan |first=Scott |date=2 February 2022 |title='The whole launch show is a pre-record': we watched BBC Three's return to TV – so you didn't have to |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094726/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Okusinziira ku lipoota yaayo ey’omwaka we bwatuukira mu 2021 , Buyindi y’esinga okukozesa empeereza za BBC mu nsi yonna. [1] Mu Gwokutaano 2025, oluvannyuma lwa musisi eyakuba Myanmar ne Thailand, ekiwandiiko kya ttivvi (BBC News Myanmar) okuva mu mpeereza ya Burma nga kikozesa sseetilayiti ya [[Voice of America]] yatandika okuweereza. <ref>{{Cite news |title=Lokalna wesja BBC News ruszy w DTH |url=https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513171919/https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |archive-date=13 May 2025 |access-date=13 May 2025 |work=satkurier.pl |language=Polish}}</ref> '''Okukola pulogulaamu n’okukola alipoota<br />''' Mu Ogwekkuminoogumu 2023, BBC News yeegatta ku kibiina ky’ensi yonna ekya [[International Consortium of Investigative Journalists]], {{Interlanguage link|Paper trail media|lt=Paper Trail Media|de}}, ne kkampuni z'ammawulire ze baakolagananga nazo omwali [[:en:Distributed_Denial_of_Secrets|Distributed Denial of Secrets]] and the [[:en:Organised_Crime_and_Corruption_Reporting_Project|Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project]] (OCCRP) era bannamawulire abaasukka mu 270 mu nsi 55 n'amatwale <ref name=":022">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Inside Cyprus Confidential: The data-driven journalism that helped expose an island under Russian influence – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/leaked-data-journalism-methodology/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231130214812/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/leaked-data-journalism-methodology/ |archive-date=30 November 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref>[[Distributed Denial of Secrets|​]] <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=About the Cyprus Confidential investigation – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/about-cyprus-confidential-investigation/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121093552/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/about-cyprus-confidential-investigation/ |archive-date=21 November 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref>[[Cyprus Confidential|​]][[Vladimir Putin|​]] okufulumya alipoota ya '[[:en:Cyprus_Confidential|Cyprus Confidential]]' okulaga entambula y'ebyensimbi ekiwagira obufuzi bwa [[:en:Vladimir_Putin|Vladimir Putin]], okusinga nga alina abantu mu Cyprus era n'eraga nti alina abantu baakolagana nabo eenyo ab’oku ntikko mu Kremlin, abamu ku bo baaweebwa envumbo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 November 2023 |title=Cyprus Confidential: Leaked Roman Abramovich documents raise fresh questions for Chelsea FC: ICIJ-led investigation reveals how Mediterranean island ignores Russian atrocities and western sanctions to cash in on Putin's oligarchs |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/2023/11/15/cyprus-confidential-leaked-roman-abramovich-documents-raise-fresh-questions-for-chelsea-fc/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115073523/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/2023/11/15/cyprus-confidential-leaked-roman-abramovich-documents-raise-fresh-questions-for-chelsea-fc/ |archive-date=15 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=The Irish Times |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Cyprus Confidential – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224150800/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/ |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=14 November 2023 |website=icij.org}}</ref> Abakungu ba gavumenti omuli pulezidenti wa Cyprus [[Nikos Christodoulides]] <ref name=":72">{{Cite web |date=15 November 2023 |title=Cypriot president pledges government probe into Cyprus Confidential revelations – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cypriot-president-pledges-government-probe-into-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214203142/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cypriot-president-pledges-government-probe-into-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |archive-date=14 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref> n’ababaka ba Palamenti mu Bulaaya <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 November 2023 |title=Lawmakers call for EU crackdown after ICIJ's Cyprus Confidential revelations – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/lawmakers-call-for-eu-crackdown-after-icijs-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224114123/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/lawmakers-call-for-eu-crackdown-after-icijs-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref> baatandika okwanukula ebizuuliddwa mu kunoonyereza mu ssaawa ezitakka wansi wa 24,<ref name=":72" /> nga basaba ennongoosereza n’okutongoza okunoonyereza.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Cyprus ignores Russian atrocities, Western sanctions to shield vast wealth of Putin allies – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cyprus-russia-eu-secrecy-tax-haven/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214002320/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cyprus-russia-eu-secrecy-tax-haven/ |archive-date=14 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Finance Minister perturbed over 'Cyprus Confidential' |url=https://knews.kathimerini.com.cy/en/news/finance-minister-perturbed-over-cyprus-confidential |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224114126/https://knews.kathimerini.com.cy/en/news/finance-minister-perturbed-over-cyprus-confidential |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |website=knews.com.cy}}</ref> '''<br />Ttivvi yaabwe''' BBC News y’evunaanyizibwa ku pulogulaamu z’amawulire n’ebiwandiiko ku mikutu gya ttivvi za BBC egy’awamu, wamu n’okufulumya amawulire ku mukutu gwa BBC News Channel mu Bungereza, n’okukola pulogulaamu ez’essaawa 22 ku mukutu gw’ekitongole kino ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC World Service {{!}} WNYC {{!}} New York Public Radio, Podcasts, Live Streaming Radio, News |url=https://www.wnyc.org/shows/bbc-world-service/about |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=WNYC |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-13 |title=How it works… BBC World TV and Radio |url=https://roxhillmedia.com/resources/pr-insights/how-it-works-bbc-world-tv-and-radio/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=roxhillmedia.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okuwandiika ku [[BBC Parliament|Palamenti ya BBC]] kukolebwa ku lwa BBC mu [[Millbank]] Studios, wadde nga BBC News egaba ebikwata ku bafulumya n’amawulire.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC Parliament |url=https://www.freeview.co.uk/get-freeview-play/channels/bbc-parliament |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=www.freeview.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Ebirimu bya BBC News era bifulumizibwa ku ttivvi za BBC eza digito ezikwatagana wansi w’akabonero ka [[BBC Red Button]], era okutuusa mu 2012, ku nkola ya [[Ceefax]] [[teletext]] . <ref>{{Cite news |last=Perraudin |first=Frances |date=16 September 2019 |title=BBC to switch off Red Button information service in 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2019/sep/16/bbc-to-switch-off-red-button-2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714143124/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2019/sep/16/bbc-to-switch-off-red-button-2020 |archive-date=14 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Ennyimba ku pulogulaamu zonna ez'amawulire ku ttivvi za BBC gwatongozebwa mu 1999 era nga zaayimbibwa [[David Lowe (television and radio composer)|David Lowe]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=3 November 2015 |title=Column: David Lowe – the man who changed news music forever |url=https://www.newscaststudio.com/2015/11/03/column-david-lowe-the-man-who-changed-news-music-forever/?og=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160751/https://www.newscaststudio.com/2015/11/03/column-david-lowe-the-man-who-changed-news-music-forever/?og=1 |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=NewscastStudio |language=en-US}}</ref> Yali emu ku kuddamu okussaako akabonero akaatandika mu 1999 era nga kuliko ' [[BBC Pips]] '.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=23 September 2019 |title=What is the music used in TV news programmes? {{!}} Classical-Music.com |url=http://www.classical-music.com/article/what-music-used-tv-news-programmes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925114905/http://www.classical-music.com/article/what-music-used-tv-news-programmes |archive-date=25 September 2019 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=BBC Music Magazine}}</ref> Omulamwa ogw’awamu gwakozesebwa ku mawulire ku [[BBC One]], News 24, BBC World ne pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu ggwanga mu BBC’s [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|Nations and Regions]] . <ref name=":2" /> Lowe era ye yali avunaanyizibwa ku nnyimba zino ku Radio One's ''[[Newsbeat]]'' . <ref name=":2" /> Omulamwa guno gubadde n’enkyukakyuka eziwerako okuva mu 1999, eyasembyeyo mu Gwokusatu 2013. <ref name=":1" /> Omukutu gw'amawulire [[BBC Arabic Television|ogwa BBC Arabic Television]] gwatongozebwa nga 11 Gwokusatu 2008, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2008 |title=BBC Arabic-language television channel to be launched 11 March |url=https://www.arabmediasociety.com/bbc-arabic-language-television-channel-to-be-launched-11-march/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160936/https://www.arabmediasociety.com/bbc-arabic-language-television-channel-to-be-launched-11-march/ |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=Arab Media & Society |language=en-US}}</ref> [[BBC Persian Television|omukutu ogw'olulimi Olupersia]] gwagobererwa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2009, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Committee |first=Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Foreign Affairs |date=2009 |title=Foreign and Commonwealth Office annual report 2007-08: report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8L81HYbAUfQC&q=bbc+news+a+Persian-language+channel+followed+on+14+January+2009&pg=PA101 |publisher=The Stationery Office |isbn=978-0-215-52627-4 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132819/https://books.google.com/books?id=8L81HYbAUfQC&q=bbc+news+a+Persian-language+channel+followed+on+14+January+2009&pg=PA101#v=snippet&q=bbc%20news%20a%20Persian-language%20channel%20followed%20on%2014%20January%202009&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> nga guweereza okuva mu kiwayi kya Peel ekya Broadcasting House; byombi birimu amawulire, okwekenneenya, okubuuza ebibuuzo, ebyemizannyo n’eby’obuwangwa eby’amaanyi era nga biddukanyizibwa [[BBC World Service]] era nga biweebwa ssente okuva mu nsimbi eziweebwayo okuva mu [[Foreign and Commonwealth Office|ofiisi ya Bungereza ey’ensonga z’ebweru]] (so si [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom|layisinsi ya ttivvi]] ). <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 April 2007 |script-title=fa:آگهی استخدام در تلویزیون فارسی بی بی سی |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/news/story/2007/04/070426_adverttv.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915193131/http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/news/story/2007/04/070426_adverttv.shtml |archive-date=15 September 2008 |access-date=4 January 2009 |work=BBC News |language=fa}}</ref> Empeereza ya [[BBC Verify]] yatongozebwa mu 2023 okukebera amawulire [[Fact-check|amatuufu]], n’eddirirwa BBC Verify Live mu 2025. <ref name="live">{{Cite web |last=Turness |first=Deborah |date=2 June 2025 |title=BBC Verify Live |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2025/bbc-verify-live |publisher=BBC}}</ref> '''Leediyo''' '''yaayo''' BBC Radio News efulumya amawulire agakwata ku leediyo z’eggwanga eza BBC era egaba obubaka ku lwa leediyo za BBC ez’omu ggwanga ng’eyita mu General News Service (GNS), empeereza y’okusaasaanya amawulire ey’omunda mu BBC <ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith, Mort |date=23 October 2012 |title=Ceefax: The early days |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-20032531 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180811184649/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-20032531 |archive-date=11 August 2018 |access-date=21 June 2018 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>. BBC News tefulumya mawulire ga BBC agakwata ku bitundu, agafulumizibwa amawanga ssekinnoomu aga BBC n’ebitundu byennyini. Ekitongole kya BBC World Service kiweereza abantu nga 150 abantu obukadde mu Lungereza awamu n’ennimi 27 okwetoloola ensi yonna. <ref name="About WS">{{Cite web |title=About the World Service |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldserviceradio/help |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318055140/http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldserviceradio/help |archive-date=18 March 2013 |access-date=18 March 2013 |website=Help |publisher=BBC}}</ref> BBC Radio News ye muyambi w'ekitongole kya [[Radio Academy]] . <ref>The Radio Academy [http://www.radioacademy.org/about/patrons/ "Patrons"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107234239/http://www.radioacademy.org/about/patrons/|date=7 January 2010}}.</ref> <references /> 60yx6ubafped41ncoda1em80pdqnm6g 65421 65393 2026-07-29T09:58:57Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''BBC News''' kitongole kya bizinensi ekikola emirimu <ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2014 |title=News Group Senior Management |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230043836/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/managementstructure/bbcstructure/journalism.html |archive-date=30 December 2016 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> eky’ekitongole kya Bungereza ekikola ku mpewo ekya [[British Broadcasting Corporation]] (BBC) ekivunaanyizibwa ku kukungaanya n’okuweereza amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu Bungereza n’ensi yonna. Ekitongole kino kye kitongole ekisinga obunene mu nsi yonna mu kuweereza amawulire ku mpewo era buli lunaku kikola ku leediyo ne ttivvi okumala essaawa nga 120, wamu n’okuweereza amawulire ku yintaneeti. <ref name="Boaden">{{Cite news |last=Boaden |first=Helen |date=18 November 2004 |title=NewsWatch – About BBC News – This is BBC News |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217084131/http://news.bbc.co.uk/newswatch/ukfs/hi/newsid_3970000/newsid_3975900/3975913.stm |archive-date=17 February 2011 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Content |url=http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070227135731/http://www.westminsterjournalism.co.uk/Broadcast06/BBC/BBCNewsIntro.html |archive-date=27 February 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Empeereza eno erina bannamawulire abasoba mu 5,500 abakola mu bifulumizibwa byayo byonna omuli ne mu bitongole by’amawulire eby’ebweru 50 ng’abawandiisi b’amawulire ab’ebweru abasoba mu 250 be basimbye.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Herbert J |first=John |date=11 February 2013 |title=Practising Global Journalism: Exploring Reporting Issues Worldwide |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781136029868 |at=Chapter 1, Page 24 |access-date=6 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132749/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fFsAAAAQBAJ&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&pg=PA24#v=snippet&q=the%20bbc%20has%20correspondents%20in%20nearly%20every%20country&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Deborah Turness]] y’abadde akulira eby'amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso okuva mu Gwomwenda 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A message to staff from Deborah Turness, CEO BBC News and Current Affairs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206162356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2022/bbc.com/mediacentre/articles/2022/deborah-turness-message-to-staff-first-day/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |publisher=BBC |language=en}}</ref> Mu 2019, kyategeezebwa mu lipoota ya [[Ofcom]] nti BBC yasaasaanya obukadde bwa pawundi 136 ku mawulire mu kiseera ky'Ogwokuna 2018 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2019. <ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2019 |title=Review of BBC news and current affairs |url=https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504045751/https://www.ofcom.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/173734/bbc-news-review.pdf |archive-date=4 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2022 |publisher=Ofcom |page=31}}</ref> Ebitongole bya BBC News eby’amawulire ag’omunda, mu nsi yonna ne ku yintaneeti bibeera mu kisenge ekisinga obunene eky’amawulire ekikola obutereevu mu Bulaaya, mu [[Broadcasting House]] mu masekkati ga London. Ebikwatibwa ku paalamenti bifulumizibwa era ne biragibwa ku mpewo okuva mu situdiyo mu kibuga London. Nga bayita mu mikutu gy'ebitundu by'omu Bungereza ogwa [[BBC English Regions]], BBC era erina ebifo by’ebitundu okwetoloola Bungereza n’ebifo eby’amawulire eby’eggwanga mu Northern Ireland, Scotland ne Wales. Amawanga gonna n’ebitundu by’Abangereza bikola pulogulaamu zaago ez’amawulire ez’omu kitundu n’enteekateeka endala ezikwata ku bigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga n’ebyemizannyo. BBC [[kitongole ekyetwaala mu ngeri emu]] nga obuyinza obw'okuba n'obwetwaze buno obw'ekitundu bw'akiweebwa [[obuyinza okuva mu bwakabaka]] ekigifuula nga yeetongodde ku gavumenti mu nkola. We bwatuukira mu 2024, BBC yatuuka ku bantu obukadde 450 buli wiiki, nga BBC World Service ekola abantu obukadde 320.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=BBC's global reach "remains resilient" |url=https://www.advanced-television.com/2024/07/22/bbcs-global-reach-remains-resilient/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Telecompaper |url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bbc-increases-global-audience-to-450-million-people-a-week--1507128 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Telecompaper}}</ref> '''<big>Emyaka egyasooka</big>''' Kkampuni ya Bungereza eno eya [[British Broadcasting Company]] yakola ku mpewo era yafulumya eggulire lyayo eryasooka ku leediyo okuyita ku leediyo ya [[2LO]] nga 14 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1922. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Professor of Cultural History and Fellow of Emmanuel College Peter |date=29 July 2005 |title=A Social History of the Media: From Gutenberg to the Internet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132 |last2=Briggs |first2=Asa |last3=Burke |first3=Peter |publisher=Polity |isbn=978-0-7456-3511-8 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132653/https://books.google.com/books?id=OoxsKnfVzLwC&q=The+British+Broadcasting+Company+broadcast+its+first+radio+bulletin+from+radio+station+2LO+on+14+November+1922&pg=PA132#v=snippet&q=The%20British%20Broadcasting%20Company%20broadcast%20its%20first%20radio%20bulletin%20from%20radio%20station%202LO%20on%2014%20November%201922&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Olw’okwagala okwewala okuvuganya, abaali bafulumya empapula z’amawulire abalala baamatiza gavumenti okuwera BBC okuweereza amawulire ng’essaawa emu tezinnatuuka, n’okugikaka okukozesa [[News agency|wire service]] copy mu kifo ky’okukola lipoota ku bwayo. [ 11 ] . BBC yagenda efuna eddembe okukola entereeza ku mpapula zaayo era mu 1934, yatondawo ekitongole kyayo eky’amawulire. <ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=1950s British TV Milestones |url=http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427124228/http://www.whirligig-tv.co.uk/tv/history/history.htm |archive-date=27 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Wabula teyasobola kuweereza mawulire nga ssaawa kkuminabbiri tezinntuuka okutuusa mu [[Ssematalo II]].[11]. Ng’oggyeeko amawulire, Gaumont British ne Movietone cinema [[newsreels]] zaali ziragibwa ku mpeereza ya TV okuva mu 1936, nga BBC efulumya pulogulaamu yaayo eyenkanankana ne ''[[Television Newsreel]]'' okuva mu Gwoluberebrye. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Martin |date=October 2004 |title=The Development of Communication Between the Government, the Media and the People in Britain, 1945–51 |url=http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601040326/http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1759/1/U192411.pdf |archive-date=1 June 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The London School of Economics and Political Science}}</ref> Ekitongole ''ky’amawulire ekya Children’s Newsreel'' ekya buli wiiki kyatongozebwa nga 23 Ogwokuna 1950, eri abantu nga 350,000 abaali bafuna amawulire. <ref name=":02" /> Omukutu guno gwatandika okuweereza amawulire gaagwo ku leediyo mu kiseera kye kimu ne ku ttivvi mu 1946, nga guliko ekifaananyi kya [[Big Ben]] . <ref name="crisell1997">{{Cite book |last=Crisell, Andrew |year=1997 |title=An Introductory History of British Broadcasting |url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-12802-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/introductoryhist00cris/page/n31 15], 26–27, 92 |url-access=limited}}</ref> Ebiwandiiko ebyali bifulumira ku ttivvi byatandika nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954, nga biragibwa okuva mu situdiyo ezaali zipangisibwa munda mu [[Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] mu London. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexandra Palace – A History of the Palace |url=http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070404014257/http://www.alexandrapalace.com/history.html |archive-date=4 April 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Abantu okwagala ennyo ttivvi eno n'ebyali biragibwako, obutereevu kwava nnyo ku okutuuzibwa kwa [[Elizabeth II]] ku ntebe mu 1953. Kiteeberezebwa nti okutuuka ku bukadde 27 obw'abantu <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV Landmark Dates |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506033602/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/landmark.html |archive-date=6 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> baalaba pulogulaamu eno mu Bungereza, ne basinga abawuliriza ba leediyo abaali obukadde 12 omulundi ogwasooka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1953 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070525193855/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1953.htm |archive-date=25 May 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007 |website=[[Chronomedia]] |publisher=Terra Media}}</ref> Ebifaananyi ebyo obutereevu byali biva kkamera 21 mu masekkati ga London okutuuka [[Alexandra Palace television station|mu lubiri lwa Alexandra]] okubitambuza, n’oluvannyuma ne bitwalibwa ku byuma ebirala ebya Bungereza ne biggulwawo mu budde olw’omukolo guno. <ref>{{Cite web |title=1950 |url=http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927204504/http://www.thevalvepage.com/tvyears/articals/coronation/arrangements/arrangements.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> Omwaka ogwo, waaliwo [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom (historical)#Number of licences issued|Layisinsi za TV eziwera obukadde bubiri ezaakuumibwa mu Bungereza]], ne zirinnya okutuuka ku bukadde obusukka mu busatu omwaka ogwaddako, ate obukadde buna n’ekitundu we bwatuukira mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Edward |date=2019 |title=The Family Firm: monarchy, mass media and the British public, 1932–53 |publisher=University of London Press |isbn=978-1-909646-94-0 |pages=331–372 |chapter='This time I was THERE taking part' |jstor=j.ctvkjb3sr.12}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1950''' Amawulire ga ttivvi wadde nga mu kulaba awo gaawukana ku ga leediyo, gaali gakyafugibwa nnyo amawulire ga leediyo mu myaka gya 1950. Abawandiisi baawa lipoota ku mikutu gyombi, era ekiwandiiko ekyasooka okulagibwa ku ttivvi, ekyalagibwa nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 1954 ku [[BBC One|mpeereza ya ttivvi ya BBC]] mu kiseera ekyo era nga kyanjulwa [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]], kyalimu okuwa kwe okunyonnyola ku biba ebweru w’olutimbe ng’eno ebifaananyi biragibwa. <ref>{{Cite news |title=The BBC performs painful internal surgery |url=https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521142154/https://www.economist.com/britain/2020/01/30/the-bbc-performs-painful-internal-surgery |archive-date=21 May 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Economist |issn=0013-0613}}</ref> Kino olwo kyaddirirwa ''Television Newsreel'' ey’ennono n’okunnyonnyola okwakwatibwa okwakolebwa [[John Snagge]] (era ku mirundi emirala [[Andrew Timothy]] ). <ref>{{Cite web |last=Snagge |first=AUTHOR: John |title=Announcing from the inside |url=https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107122045/https://transdiffusion.org/2016/12/12/announcing-from-the-inside/ |archive-date=7 November 2025 |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Transdiffusion |language=en-GB}}</ref> Abaali basomera amawulire ku ttivi baayanjulwa oluvannyuma lw’omwaka gumu mu 1955 – [[Kenneth Kendall]] (eyasooka okulabika), [[Robert Dougall]], ne [[Richard Baker (broadcaster)|Richard Baker]] —nga wabulayo wiiki ssatu [[ITN]] etongoze nga 21 Ogwomwenda 1955. <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 December 2012 |title=Obituary: Kenneth Kendall, newsreader and presenter |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204817/https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-kenneth-kendall-newsreader-and-presenter-1596900 |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Scotsman |language=en}}</ref> Enkola ya ttivvi enkulu yali etandise okuva mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra mu 1950 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1950 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016210036/http://terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1950.htm |archive-date=16 October 2007 |access-date=8 October 2007}}</ref> okugenda mu bifo ebinene, okusinga mu [[Lime Grove Studios|Situdiyo za Lime Grove]] mu [[Shepherd's Bush|Shepherd’s Bush]], mu Bugwanjuba bwa London, okufuna ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga (mu kiseera ekyo ekyali kimanyiddwa nga Talks Department) nayo. Wano we wava ''[[Panorama (TV series)|Panorama]]'' eyasooka, pulogulaamu empya ey'ebiwandiiko, n'efulumizibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1953, nga [[Richard Dimbleby]] yeeyafuuka omuweereza waayo mu 1955. <ref>{{Cite news |title=In pictures: Past Faces of Panorama |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820055940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/08/programmes_past_faces_of_panorama/html/1.stm |archive-date=20 August 2017 |access-date=9 April 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1958, [[Hugh Carleton Greene]] yafuuka akulira ekitongole ky'Amawulire n'Ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=In+1958,+Hugh+Carleton+Greene+became+head+of+News+and+Current+Affairs&pg=PA78 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1960''' Nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1960, Greene yafuuka [[Director general|Dayirekita Omukulu]] . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Tight |first=Malcolm |date=2012 |title=Education for Adults |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-68517-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132647/https://books.google.com/books?id=DRPPJqqHTQoC&q=On+1+January+1960,+Greene+became+Director-General+and+brought+about+big+changes+at+BBC+Television+and+BBC+Television+News&pg=PA46#v=onepage&q=On%201%20January%201960%2C%20Greene%20became%20Director-General%20and%20brought%20about%20big%20changes%20at%20BBC%20Television%20and%20BBC%20Television%20News&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Greene yakola enkyukakyuka ezaali zigendereddwamu okufuula amawulire ga BBC okufaananako naag’omuvuganya waayo ITN, eyali efunyiddwako ekipimo ekinene okusinziira ku bibiina by’okunoonyereza ebyali ebya Greene. <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-230-34645-1 |editor-last=Chignell |editor-first=Hugh |pages=80–100 |language=en |chapter=The Reinvention of Radio – The 1960s |doi=10.1057/9780230346451_5}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kyatondebwawo mu lubiri lwa Alexandra, abasasi ba ttivvi ne bawandiikibwa ne baweebwa omukisa okuwandiika n’okuwata amaloboozi g'ebiwanddiko byabwe byabwe, nga tebalina kuwandiika mboozi ne ku leediyo . <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC at Alexandra Palace < Alexandra Palace |url=https://www.alexandrapalace.com/our-history/bbc-at-the-palace/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=Alexandra Palace |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nga 20 Ogwomukaaga 1960, [[Nan Winton]], omukyala eyasooka okuba omusomi w'amawulire ku mutimbagano gwa BBC, yalabika mu mpewo. <ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title=Nan Winton, the first woman to read the national news on BBC television |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330185500/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nan-winton-death-age-bbc-newsreader-female-age-cause-dead-obituary-a8929606.html |archive-date=30 March 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> 19 Ogwomwenda 1960 lwe lwatandika pulogulaamu y'amawulire ga leediyo n'ensonga ezikwata ku mulembe ''The Ten O'clock News'' . <ref>{{Cite book |last=Chignell |first=Hugh |date=2 September 2011 |title=Public Issue Radio: Talks, News and Current Affairs in the Twentieth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kviak52wjXsC&q=bbc+news+the+start+of+the+radio+news+and+current+affairs+programme+The+Ten+O'clock+News&pg=PA83 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-230-24739-0 |language=en}}</ref> [[BBC Two|BBC2]] yatandika okuweereza nga 20 Ogwokuna 1964 era n'etandika okuweereza pulogulaamu empya nga ''[[Newsroom (BBC programme)|Newsroom]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |title=House of Lords – Communications – Minutes of Evidence |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160952/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld200708/ldselect/ldcomuni/122/8040202.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> ''[[The World at One]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu biseera by’ekyemisana, yatandika nga 4 Ogwekkumi, 1965 ku Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, era omwaka nga tegunnatuuka ''News Review'' yali etandikidde ku ttivvi. ''News Review'' yali mu bufunze amawulire agaabanga gafudde wiiki mu bufunze, agasooka okulagibwa ku Ssande, 26 Ogwokuna 1964 <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chronomedia: 1964 |url=http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070303014530/http://www.terramedia.co.uk/Chronomedia/years/1964.htm |archive-date=3 March 2007 |access-date=3 April 2007}}</ref> ku BBC 2 era nga gadda mu kifo kya ''Newsreel Review of the Week eyali eya'' buli wiiki, eyafulumizibwa okuva mu 1951, okuggulawo pulogulaamu ku Ssande akawungeezi–enjawulo eri nti okulaga kuno kwalina ebigambo ebitonotono ebyalagibwanga waggulu nga biyamba bakiggala n’abatawulira bulungi. Nga guno bwe gwali emyaka kkumi nga tegunnabaawo kukola biwandiiko biwandiikiddwa byuma bikalimagezi, buli superimposition ("super") yalina okufulumizibwa ku lupapula oba kaadi, okukwatagana nesitudiyo n'obutambi [[Footage|bw'amawulire]], okwewaayo okukwata ku butambi mu biseera by'emisana, n'okulagibwa ku mpewo akawungeezi nga bukyali. Ekyavaamu Ssande terwali lunaku lwa kasiriikiriro ku nsonga z'amawulire mu [[Alexandra Palace|Lubiri lwa Alexandra]] . Enteekateeka eno yagenda mu maaso okutuusa mu myaka gya 1980 <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516061628/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=16 May 2007 |access-date=16 August 2007}}</ref>  nga olwo baakozesa ebigambo ebiwandiikiddwa ku byuma bikalimagezi, ebimanyiddwa nga Anchor – okusikizibwa [[Ceefax]] subtitling (enkola ya [[Teletext]] efaananako bwetyo), n’okussa omukono ku pulogulaamu nga ''[[See Hear]]'' (okuva mu 1981). Ku Ssande nga 17 Ogwomwenda 1967, ''[[The World This Weekend]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ebigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga eya buli wiiki, yatongozebwa ku kifo ekyali kiyitibwa Home Service mu kiseera ekyo, naye nga mu bbanga ttono yali egenda kubeera [[Radio 4]] . Enteekateeka z’okukola langi zaatandika mu ssizoni eyitibwa Autumn eya 1967 era ku Lwokuna nga 7 Ogwokusatu 1968 nga ''Newsroom'' ku BBC2 yakyusibwa n’egenda mu kifo eky’akawungeezi nga bukyali, n’efuuka pulogulaamu y’amawulire mu Bungereza esoose okuweebwa mu langi <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 5] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053328/http://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1960s.pdf|date=24 April 2009}} BBC Heritage 1960s.</ref>  okuva mu Situdiyo A mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra. ''News Review'' ne ''Westminster'' (ekisembayo kwekenneenya buli wiiki ebigenda mu maaso mu [[Palace of Westminster|Palamenti]] ) "zaali za langi" nga wayiseewo akaseera katono. Naye, bingi ku bintu ebiyingizibwa byali bikyali mu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru, nga mu kusooka ekitundu kyokka ku firimu ezikwata ku firimu ezaakubwa mu London n’ebitundu ebiriraanyewo kyali ku [[Film stock|sitooka]] [[Reversal film|ya firimu ezikyusa]] langi, era byonna ebyaweebwayo mu kitundu n’ensi yonna byali bikyali mu muddugavu n’omweru. Ebifo ebya langi mu Lubiri lwa Alexandra byali bitono nnyo mu by’ekikugu okumala emyezi kkumi na munaana egyaddirira, kubanga yalina ekyuma kimu kyokka ekya [[RCA Corporation|RCA]] color [[Quadruplex videotape]] machine era, okukkakkana nga [[Pye Ltd.|Pye]] [[Diode gun Plumbicon#Plumbicon|plumbicon]] color [[Telecine|telecines]] bbiri –wadde nga empeereza ya langi z’amawulire yatandika n’emu yokka. Ebiwandiiko by'eggwanga eby'omu langi enzirugavu n’enjeru ku BBC 1 byagenda mu maaso n'okusibuka mu Studio B ku nnaku za wiiki, wamu ne ''Town and Around'', pulogulaamu ya London regional " [[opt out]] " eyalagibwa mu myaka gya 1960 gyonna (era pulogulaamu y'amawulire mu kitundu eya BBC eyasooka ku Bukiikaddyo bw'obuvanjuba), okutuusa lwe yatandika okukyusibwamu ''[[Nationwide (TV programme)|mu ggwanga lyonna]]'' ku Lwokubiri okutuuka ku Lwokuna okuva mu Lime Grove Studios ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomwenda 1969. ''Town and Around'' teyali ya kugenda mu Television Center, mu kifo ky’ekyo yafuuka ''London This Week'' eyalagibwanga ku Mmande n’Olwokutaano lwokka, okuva mu situdiyo za TVC empya. <ref>''London This Week'' had started in early 1969 as a once per week "opt out" replacing the Friday edition of ''Town and Around'' {{Cite web |title=TV & Radio Bits: BBC South East: History |url=http://www.tvradiobits.co.uk/ |access-date=21 June 2007}}</ref> Okugenda kuno okudda mu situdiyo entono ng’erina ebikozesebwa ebirungi eby’ekikugu kyasobozesa ''Newsroom'' ne ''News Review'' okukyusa [[back projection]] ne [[Colour-separation overlay|zibikkako okwawula langi]]. Mu myaka gya 1960, [[Communications satellite|empuliziganya ya setilayiti]] yali esoboka; <ref>{{Cite web |title=British TV History – Early Satellite <!--here only the homepage title says "Broadcast" instead (is it better?):-->Relays to/from Britain |url=http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510052949/http://www.tvhistory.btinternet.co.uk/html/early_satellite.html |archive-date=10 May 2011}}</ref> wabula, waaliwo emyaka egiwerako nga okukyusa layini ya digito-store tennasobola kukola nkola eno awatali kusoberwa. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Farry |first=James |last2=Kirby |first2=David A. |date=2012 |title=The Universe will be televised: space, science, satellites and British television production, 1946–1969 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |url-status=live |journal=History and Technology |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=311–333 |doi=10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |issn=0734-1512 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407003253/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07341512.2012.722795 |archive-date=7 April 2015 |access-date=16 October 2025}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1970''' Nga 14 Ogwomwenda 1970, g'''[[Amawulire g'essaawa esatu]]'' agasooka gaalagibwa ku ttivvi. Robert Dougall yayanjula wiiki esooka okuva mu situdiyo N1 <ref name="Dougall">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>  eyannyonnyolwa ''[[The Guardian]]'' <ref name="bbcnews1">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> nga "ekika ky'obutoffaali obuliko polystyrene padded cell" <ref>{{Cite web |title=Northern Echo: Archive |url=http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092219/http://archive.thenorthernecho.co.uk/2004/7/3/46772.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=17 August 2007}}</ref> amawulire okuba nga gaakyusaibwa okuva ku budde obwasooka obwa ssaawa bbriri ezeekiro ng'okuddamu ku bipimo ebyatuukibwako ITN eby' ''[[ITV News at Ten|amawulire ku ssaawa nnya]]'', eyali yatongozebwa emyaka esatu emabega ku ITV eyali ebavuganya. Richard Baker ne Kenneth Kendall baawaayo wiiki ezaddirira, bwe batyo ne baddamu ebiwandiiko ebyo ebyasooka ku ttivvi eby’omu makkati g’emyaka gya 1950. [[Angela Rippon]] yafuuka omukyala eyasooka okusoma amawulire ku saaawa ssatu mu 1975. Omulimu gwe yali akola ebweru w’amawulire gwali tegukwatagana mu kiseera ekyo, yalabikira ku ''pulogulaamu ya The [[Morecambe and Wise|Morecambe ne Wise]] Christmas Show'' mu 1976 ng’ayimba n’okuzina. <ref name="Dougall2">{{Cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=About the Ten O'Clock News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/ten/2655185.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=15 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref>Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972. Omuko ogwasooka ogwa ''[[John Craven]] ogwa Newsround'', mu kusooka gwali gugendereddwamu okuba omumpi kyokka oluvannyuma ne gutuumibwa erinnya lya ''[[Newsround]]'', nga gwava mu situdiyo ya N3 nga 4 Ogwokuna 1972.Ebiwandiiko by’amawulire ebya ttivvi eby’emisana mu makkati n’enkomerero y’emyaka gya 1970 byalagibwanga okuva mu kisenge ky’amawulire ekya BBC kyennyini, okusinga mu emu ku situdiyo z’amawulire essatu. Omusomi w’amawulire yasomeranga ku kkamera ng’atudde ku mabbali g'emmeeza; emabega we abakozi baali balabibwa nga bakola emirimu mingi ku mmeeza zaabwe. Ekiseera kino kyali kikwatagana n’ekiseera ag'esaawa essatu lwe gaafuna enkyukakyuka yaago eyaddako, era nga gandikozesezza ekifaanayi ky'emabega ekya CSO ey’ekisenge ky’amawulire okuva mu kkamera eyo yennyini buli wiiki akawungeezi. Era mu makkati g’emyaka gya 1970, amawulire ag’ekiro ku BBC2 gaakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa mu bufunze ''Newsnight'', naye kino tekyali kya kuwangaala, oba okuba pulogulaamu y’emu nga bwe tumanyi leero – nti yanditongozeddwa mu 1980  era mu bbanga ttono kyadda mu bufunze bw'amawulire gokka ng'amawulire ga BBC2 ag'akawungeezi gaagaziwa ne gafuuka ''Newsday''. Amawulire ku leediyo gaali ga kukyuka mu myaka gya 1970, n’okusingira ddala ku leediyo 4, nga gaaleetebwa okutuuka kw’omuwandiisi omupya Peter Woon okuva mu mawulire ga ttivvi n’okussa mu nkola lipoota ya ''Broadcasting in the Seventies''. Mu bino mwalimu okuyingiza abawandiisi mu biwandiiko by’amawulire nga emabegako omusomi w’amawulire yekka ye yandibadde ayanjula, wamu n’okussaamu ebirimu ebikung’aanyiziddwa mu nteekateeka. Pulogulaamu empya nazo zaayongerwa ku nteekateeka ya buli lunaku, ''[[PM (Radio 4)|PM]]'' ne ''[[The World Tonight]]'' ng'ezimu ku nteekateeka za ttivi okufuuka "omukutu gw'okwogera wonna". <ref name="bbcnews12">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1970s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064331/http://news.bbc.co.uk/aboutbbcnews/spl/hi/history/noflash/html/1970s.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''[[Newsbeat]]'' yatongozebwa nga empeereza y'amawulire ku [[BBC Radio 1|Radio 1]] nga 10 Ogwomwenda 1973. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf History of the BBC – key dates page 4] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614000032/https://www.bbc.co.uk/heritage/more/pdfs/1970s.pdf|date=14 June 2007}} BBC Heritage 1970s.</ref> Nga 23 Ogwomwenda 1974, enkola ya [[teletext]] eyatongozebwa okuleeta amawulire ku ntimbe za ttivvi nga bakozesa ebiwandiiko byokka. Mu kusooka bayinginiya baatandika okukola enkola ng’eyo okusobola okutuusa amawulire eri abalabi abatawulira, naye enkola eyo yagaziwa. Empeereza ya [[Ceefax]] yafuuka ya njawulo nnyo nga tennakoma nga 23 Ogwekkumi 2012: teyakoma ku kuba na biwandiiko bitonotono ku mikutu gyonna, era yawa n’amawulire ng’ag'rmbeera y'obudde, ebiseera by’ennyonyi n’okukebera firimu. Emyaka ekkumi we gyaggweerako, enkola y’okukuba ebifaananyi ku firimu okusobola okuyingiza ebintu mu mawulire yali egenda ekendeera, nga tekinologiya wa [[Electronic news gathering|ENG]] yayingizibwa mu Bungereza. Ebyuma ebyo byali byakukendeeza mu kukaluba mu nkozesa yaabyo nga wano BBC okusooka okugezaako kwali kukozesa kkamera ya langi [[Philips|ya Philips]] ng’erina base station y’omu mugongo n’ekyuma ekikwata ebifaananyi [[Sony|ekya Sony]] [[U-matic]] recorder eky’enjawulo mu kitundu ky’emyaka ekkumi eky'emabega. '''Emyaka gya 1980''' Mu 1980, [[Iranian Embassy Siege|okuzingiza ekitebe kya Iran]] kwali kwakubiddwa mu byuma bikalimagezi ttiimu [[Outside broadcasting|y’okuweereza ku mpewo eya BBC Television News Outside]], era omulimu gw’omusasi [[Kate Adie]], ng’aweereza butereevu okuva ku [[South Kensington|Prince’s Gate]], gwasunsulwa okufulumizibwa mu BAFTA actuality, naye ku mulundi guno gwakubwa ITN ku ngule ya 1980. <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA awards 1981] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts.</ref> ''[[Newsnight]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire n’ensonga ezigenda mu maaso mu ggwanga, yali ya kugenda ku mpewo nga 23 Ogwoluberebrye 1980, wadde ng’obutakkaanya mu bibiina by’abakozi bwategeeza nti okugitongoza okuva e Lime Grove kwayongezebwayo wiiki emu. <ref name="bbcnews2">{{Cite news |title=About BBC NEWS – Timeline of events – 1980s |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208122541/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/newswatch/history/noflash/html/1980s.stm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |access-date=25 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 27 Ogwomunaana 1981 [[Moira Stuart]] yafuuka omukyala omusomi w'amawulire mu Caribbean eyasooka okulabikira ku ttivvi y'e Bungereza. Mu mwaka gwa 1982, tekinologiya wa ENG yali afuuse eyeesigika ekimala okusobozesa Bernard Hesketh okukozesa kkamera ya [[Ikegami Tsushinki|Ikegami]] okukwata o[[Falklands War|lutalo lw'e Falklands]], n'okubunyisa amawulire era ne kimusobozesa okuwangula engule ya " [[Royal Television Society]] Cameraman of the Year" eyaweebwa omukwasi w'ebifaananyi ow'omwaka<ref>{{Cite web |title=RTS Hall of Fame – page 46 |url=http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf#page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060924233153/http://www.rts.org.uk/servedoc.asp?filename=AWARDS1.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2006 |access-date=11 April 2007}}</ref> n'okusunsulwa mu [[BAFTA]] <ref>[http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981 BAFTA 1981 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224131452/http://awards.bafta.org/keyword-search?keywords=1981|date=24 February 2016}} [http://www.bafta.org British Academy of Film and Television Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831045105/http://www.bafta.org/|date=31 August 2011}}.</ref> omulundi ogwasooka nga BBC News yeesigamye ku kkamera ey'ebyuma, okusinga firimu, mu kitundu ekirimu entalo. BBC News yawangula BAFTA olw'okubunyisa amawulire amatuufu, <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf BAFTA 1982 – page 10] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210100448/http://www.bafta.org/site/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/import/TV_and_%20Craft_Winners_1980-1989.pdf|date=10 December 2005}} British Academy of Film and Television Arts (PDF).</ref> wabula omukolo guno gufuuka ogujjukirwa mu bigambo bya ttivvi olw'okuwandiika amawulire ga [[Brian Hanrahan]] mwe yayiiya ebigambo "Sikkirizibwa kwogera nnyonyi mmeka ezeegatta ku kikwekweto, naye zonna nnazibala era zonna nga zigenda era nnazibala nga zikomawo" <ref>Barnes, Julian (25 February 2002), [https://www.theguardian.com/falklands/story/0,,657871,00.html "The worst reported war since the Crimean"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132746/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/feb/25/broadcasting.falklands|date=24 November 2023}}, ''The Guardian''.</ref> okuyita mu kulemesebwa olw'obukwakkulizo, era ekifuuse ekijulizibwa ng'ekyokulabirako ky'okukola lipoota ennungi wansi w'okutya okungi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm Media & War – The Falklands Conflict] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929160659/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/29/mediawar/technolfalk.htm|date=29 September 2006}} Imperial War Museum.</ref> Pulogulaamu ya ttivvi y’ekyenkya eya BBC eyasooka eya ''[[Breakfast Time (British TV programme)|Breakfast Time]]'' nayo yatongozebwa mu myaka gya 1980, nga 17 Ogwolubereberye 1983 okuva mu Lime Grove Studio E era nga wabulayo wiiki bbiri evuganya ne [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] [[TV-am]] . [[Frank Bough]], [[Selina Scott]], ne [[Nick Ross]] baayamba okuzuukusa abalabi n’omusono ogw’okuweereza mu bukkakkamu.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 January 1983 |title=BBC on this day – 17 January. 1983: BBC wakes up to morning TV |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219140555/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/january/17/newsid_2530000/2530363.stm |archive-date=19 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> ''Six O'Clock News'' yasooka kulagibwa nga 3 Ogwomwenda 1984, okukkakkana ng'efuuse pulogulaamu y'amawulire esinga okulabibwa mu Bungereza (naye okuva mu 2006 ebadde esukkulumye ku ''[[BBC News at Ten|BBC News ku Ten]]'' ). Mu Gwekkumi 1984, ebifaananyi by’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaali bafa enjala mu [[1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia|njala eyagwa mu Ethiopia]] byalagibwa mu alipoota za [[Michael Buerk]] owa ''Six O’Clock News'' <ref name="BBCLiveAid">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm "Live Aid: The show that rocked the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205000805/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/702700.stm|date=5 December 2008}}.</ref> Aba BBC News be baasooka okuwandiika enjala eno, nga lipoota ya Buerk nga 23 Ogwekkumi egamba nti "enjala eyogerwako Baibuli mu kyasa eky'amakumi abiri" era "ekintu ekisinga okumpi ne ggeyeena ku Nsi". <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Higgins marvels at change in Ethiopia's Tigray province |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918134554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/higgins-marvels-at-change-in-ethiopia-s-tigray-province-1.1992467 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |access-date=7 January 2018 |work=The Irish Times}}</ref> Alipoota ya BBC News yawuniikiriza Bungereza, n’ekubiriza bannansi baayo okujjuza ebitongole ebidduukirira abantu, nga [[Save the Children]], n’obuyambi, n’okussa essira mu nsi yonna ku buzibu obuli mu Ethiopia. <ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2018 |title=Live Aid: Against All Odds: Episode 1 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524001908/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0078x3n |archive-date=24 May 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Lipoota y'amawulire era yalabibwa [[Bob Geldof]], eyategeka oluyimba lw'abazirakisa olwa " [[Do They Know It's Christmas?]] " okusonda ssente z'okudduukirira enjala nga zigobererwa ekivvulu kya [[Live Aid]] mu Gwomusanvu 1985. <ref name="BBCLiveAid" /> Okutandika mu 1981, BBC yawa omulamwa ogw'awamu mu mawulire gaayo amakulu n'emitwe emipya n'obukuubo obwali bukoleddwa kompyuta nga bukola omwetooloolo <ref>The circle had been a recurring theme of the BBC1 news logo since the start of the ''Nine'' in 1970, as it was thought to fit in nicely with the long-running BBC 1 globe ident, and clock face which normally precedes news broadcasts.</ref> ku kifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu nga kuliko ekiwandiiko "BBC News" ekirabika wansi w'ebifaananyi eby'enkulungo, n'oluyimba lw'omulamwa olulimu ekikomo ne keyboards. Aba ''Omwenda'' baakozesanga ennamba 9 efaananako bwetyo (erimu obukuubo). Ekifaananyi ky'emabega ekimyufu kyakyusibwa n’ekifuulibwa kya bbulu okuva mu 1985 okutuuka mu 1987. Mu mwaka gwa 1987, BBC yali esazeewo okuddamu okussaako akabonero ku mawulire gaayo era n'eddamu okuteekawo okukodyo obw'enjawulo ku buli limu nga galina emitwe n'ennyimba ez'enjawulo, amawulire ga wiikendi n'ennaku enkulu nga ziwandiikiddwa mu sitayiro efaananako ne ''Nine'', wadde nga ennyanjula ya "obukuubo" yasigala ekozesebwa okutuusa mu 1989 ku mirundi ekiwandiiko ky'amawulire we kyalagibwanga okuva mu nsengeka y'enteekateeka. <ref>{{Cite web |title=TV Ark: BBC News Report: Zeebrugge ferry disaster from 6&nbsp;March 1987 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095542/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/bbcnews/bbcnationalnewsother.html |archive-date=29 September 2007 |access-date=1 October 2007}}</ref> Mu 1987, [[John Birt, Baron Birt|John Birt]] yazuukiza enkola y’abawandiisi abakolera ku ttivvi ne leediyo ng’atandikawo bannamawulire abakozesa emikutu gy’amawulire ebiri. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Forgan |first=Liz |date=17 October 2000 |title=Comment: Liz Forgan on BBC radio at White City |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153440/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/oct/17/broadcasting.bbc |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 1990''' Mu myaka gya 1990, empeereza ez'enjawulo zaatandika okuweebwa BBC News, nga [[BBC World Service Television]] eyayawulwamu n'efuuka [[BBC World]] (amawulire n'ebigenda mu maaso), ne [[BBC Prime]] (eby'amasanyu ebitonotono). Bw’atyo ebirimu ku mukutu gw’amawulire ogw’essaawa 24 byali byetaagisa, ne bigobererwa mu 1997 n’okutongoza omukutu gw’amawulire ogwenkanankana mu ggwanga [[BBC News 24|ogwa BBC News 24]]. Mu kifo ky’okuteekawo amawulire, alipoota ezigenda mu maaso n’okubunyisa amawulire byali byetaagisa okukuuma emikutu gyombi nga gikola era nga kitegeeza nti essira ddene okuteekebwa ku mbalirira ya byombi kyali kyetaagisa. Mu 1998, oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 66 mu Broadcasting House, ekikwekweto kya '''BBC Radio News''' kyasengukira mu [[BBC Television Centre|BBC Television Center]]. <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 June 1998 |title=BBC NEWS – New era for BBC radio news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217064359/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/120791.stm |archive-date=17 December 2008 |access-date=18 August 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Tekinologiya omupya, eyaweebwa [[Silicon Graphics]], yatandika okukozesebwa mu 1993 okuddamu okutongoza amawulire amakulu aga BBC 1, n’akola ekibinja ekirabika (virtual set) ekyalabika ng’ekinene ennyo okusinga bwe kyali mu buliwo. Okuddamu okutongoza era kwaleeta amawulire gonna mu sitayiro y’emu eya set nga waliwo enkyukakyuka entonotono zokka mu langi, emitwe n’ennyimba okwawula buli emu. Ekibumbe kya kompyuta ekyakolebwa mu ndabirwamu ezisaliddwa ek'ekifaanayi kya [[BBC coat of arms|BBC]] kye kyali ekikulu mu mitwe gya pulogulaamu eno okutuusa kkampuni ennene lwe zakyusa erinnya ly’amawulire mu 1999. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1997, [[BBC News Online]] yatongozebwa, nga egoberera emikutu gya yintaneeti egy'omuntu ku ssekinnoomu egy'amawulire amakulu nga [[1996 Olympic Games|emizannyo gya Olympics egya 1996]], [[1997 United Kingdom general election|okulonda kwa bonna okwa 1997]], n'okufa [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|kw'Omumbejja Diana]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=13 December 2007 |title=10 years of the BBC News website |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628042938/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/7057140.stm |archive-date=28 June 2020 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu 1999, okuddamu okutongoza okusinga kwaliwo, nga amawulire ga BBC One, BBC World, BBC News 24, ne [[BBC News Online]] byonna byatwala obukodyo obufaanagana. Ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezisinga obukulu kwe kutwala ekifaananyi ky’ekitongole mpolampola mu [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu eza BBC]], nga ziwa sitayiro ey’awamu mu mawulire ga ttivvi za BBC ez’omu kitundu, ez’eggwanga n’ez’ensi yonna. Kuno era kwalimu ''[[Newyddion]]'', pulogulaamu y’amawulire enkulu ey’omukutu [[Welsh language|gw’olulimi Olu Welsh]] [[S4C]], ogwakolebwa BBC News Wales. '''Emyaka gya 2000''' Oluvannyuma lw'okuddamu okutongoza BBC News mu 1999, emitwe gy'amawulire egy'omu kitundu gyateekebwa ku ntandikwa y'amawulire ga BBC One mu 2000. <ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC One London – 1 January 2000 – BBC Genome |url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301172301/https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbcone/london/2000-01-01 |archive-date=1 March 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> Wabula ebitundu by’e Bungereza byafiirwa eddakiika ttaano ku nkomerero y'amawulire gaabwe, olw’omutwe omupya ogwali gukubiddwa ku ssaawa 18:55. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Kevin |first=Deirdre |title=Snapshot: regional and local television in the United Kingdom |url=https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418003313/https://www.vau.net/system/files/documents/GB_Regional_TV_in_the_UK_April2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2021 |website=vau.net}}</ref> Mu 2000 era mwe mwali n'ekya amawulire g'essaawa essatu okudda ku ssaawa nnya oba 22:00. <ref>{{Cite web |last=McQueen |first=David |title=A very conscientious brand: A case study of the BBC's current affairs series, Panorama |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204192014/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4898275.pdf |archive-date=4 December 2017 |website=core.ac.uk}}</ref> Kino kyali mu kwanukula ITN eyali yaakakyusa pulogulaamu yaabwe emanyiddwa ennyo ''[[ITV News at Ten|eya News at Ten]]'' oba Amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okutuuka ku ssaawa 23:00. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 October 2001 |title=BBC news move 'halts decline' |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411062848/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1600622.stm |archive-date=11 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> ITN yazzaayo amawulire ku ssaawa nnya okumala akaseera katono kyokka oluvannyuma lw’okuweebwa obubonero obubi bwe yattunka n'amawulire ga BBC ag'essaawa ennya, ekiwandiiko kya ITN kyakyusibwa ne kidda ku ssaawa 22:30, gye kyasigala okutuusa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2008. Okuwummula kwa [[Peter Sissons]] <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2019 |title=Remembering Peter Sissons, the TV news presenter with unflappable onscreen authority |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020258/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-sissons-death-tv-news-presenter-itn-bbc-channel-4-question-time-a9142781.html |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> mu 2009 n'okuva kwa [[Michael Buerk]] mu mawulire ku ssaawa nnya<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2002 |title=Buerk quits BBC Ten o'Clock News |url=http://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418011151/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/07/bbc.tvnews1 |archive-date=18 April 2021 |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> kyavaako enkyukakyuka mu ttiimu eyawaayo obubaka bwa BBC One nga 20 Ogwolubereberye 2003. Amawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri gaafuuka g'akusomwa abantu babiri , [[George Alagiah]] ne [[Sophie Raworth]] oluvannyuma lwa [[Huw Edwards (journalist)|Huw Edwards]] ne [[Fiona Bruce]] okugenda ku g'essaawa ennya. Dizayini empya ey'ekifo awasomerwa amawulire nga kirimu olutimbe olulaga ekifo ekisomerwamu oluyiiye lwatongozebwa, ne luddirirwa nga 16 Ogwokubiri 2004 emitwe gya pulogulaamu empya okukwatagana n’egya BBC News 24. BBC News 24 ne BBC World zaaleeta sitayiro empya ey’okulaga mu mwezi Ogwolubereberye 2003, eyakyusibwamu katono nga 5 Ogwomusanvu 2004 okujjukira emyaka 50 egya BBC Television News. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Heard |first=Chris |date=5 July 2004 |title=Fifty years of TV news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061222142448/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3829605.stm |archive-date=22 December 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Nga 7 Ogwokusatu 2005 dayirekita omukulu [[Mark Thompson (television executive)|Mark Thompson]] yatongoza pulojekiti ya " [[Creative Futures (BBC)|Creative Futures]] " okuddamu okutegeka ekitongole kino. <ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2005 |title=BBC starts work on editorial blueprint for the future |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250724171051/https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2005/03_march/07/futures.shtml |archive-date=24 July 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=BBC}}</ref> Ebifo eby’omuntu ssekinnoomu ku kuba omutereeza w’amawulire g’essaawa ''omusanvu'' ne n'o''mukaaga'' byakyusibwa ne bifuulibwa ekifo ekipya eby’emisana mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2005. Kevin Bakhurst yafuuka Omufuzi eyasooka owa BBC News 24, n’adda mu kifo ky’omuwandiisi. Amanda Farnsworth eyafuuka omuwandiisi w'emisana ate [[Craig Oliver (media executive)|Craig Oliver]] oluvannyuma n'alondebwa okuba omuwandiisi w'amawulire ''g'essaawa ennya.'' Amawulire gaafuna emitwe emipya n’okukola awasomerwa awapya mu Gwokutaano 2006, okusobozesa ''Breakfast'' okusenguka mu situdiyo enkulu omulundi ogwasooka okuva mu 1997. Awasomerwa amawulire awapya waaliwo sikuliini za [[Barco NV|Barco]] eza vidiyo nga kuliko ekifaananyi ky'eggulu lya London emabega eryakozesebwa mu mawulire amakulu era mu kusooka kyali kifaananyi ky'ebire bya cirrus nga biri ku ggulu erya bbulu ku ''ky'enkya'' . Kino oluvannyuma kyakyusibwa oluvannyuma lw’okuyisibwamu amaaso abalabi. <ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2006 |title=Breakfast's new look |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120095948/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/breakfast/5048764.stm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=3 April 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Situdiyo eno yafaanagana ne [[ITV News]] eyafulumizibwa ITN mu 2004, wadde nga ITN ekozesa situdiyo [[Colour-separation overlay|ya CSO]] [[Virtual studio|ezitaliiwo mu buliwo]] okusinga screens ezaddala ku BBC News. BBC News yafuuka ekitundu ku kibiina ekipya ekya BBC Journalism mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2006 ng’emu ku nteekateeka z’okuddamu okutegeka BBC. Eyali Dayirekita wa BBC News mu kiseera ekyo, [[Helen Boaden]] yawa alipoota eri omumyuka wa Dayirekita omukulu mu kiseera ekyo era akulira ekibiina kya bannamawulire, [[Mark Byford]] okutuusa lwe yaggyibwa ku mulimu mu 2010. <ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html ''BBC's Mark Byford made redundant'', Neil Midgley, Daily Telegraph,11 October 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013235402/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/bbc/8057696/BBCs-Mark-Byford-made-redundant.html|date=13 October 2017}}.</ref> Nga 18 Ogwekkuminoogumu 2007, ED Mark Thompson yalangirira enteekateeka y'emyaka omukaaga, "Delivering Creative Futures" (esinziira ku pulojekiti ye eyatandika mu Gwokusatu 2005), ng'agatta ekitongole kya ttivvi ekikola ku nsonga z'ebifa mu ggwanga mu kitundu ekipya ekya "News Programmes". <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=Radical reform to deliver a more focused BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020051207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2007/10_october/18/reform.shtml |archive-date=20 October 2007 |publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hewlett |first=Steve |date=22 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts: look on the bright side |url=http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024120744/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/organgrinder/2007/10/post_51.html |archive-date=24 October 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Thompson okulangirira, ng’ayanukula olw'enkendeera mu buvujjirizi obwa pawundi obuwumbi bubiri, yagamba nti, tuweerereza ku "BBC entono naye nga nnungi" mu mulembe gwa digito, nga tusala ku musaala gwayo era, mu 2013, n'atunda [[BBC Television Centre|Television Center]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2007 |title=BBC cuts back programmes and jobs |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020035603/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7050440.stm#tables |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=25 October 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ebisenge by’amawulire eby’enjawulo eby’emirimu gya ttivvi, leediyo ne ku yintaneeti byagattibwa ne bifuuka ekisenge kimu eky’amawulire eky’emikutu emingi. Okukola pulogulaamu munda mu bisenge by’amawulire kwagattibwa wamu okukola ekitongole ekikola pulogulaamu ez’emikutu emingi. Dayirekita wa [[BBC World Service|BBC World Service,]] Peter Horrocks yagamba nti enkyukakyuka zino zigenda kufuna omugaso mu kiseera kino eky’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya mu BBC. Mu bye yawandiika ku mikutu gye emigatta bantu, yawandiika nti okukozesa eby’obugagga bye bimu mu mikutu egy’enjawulo egy’okuweereza ku mpewo kitegeeza nti emboozi ntono ezisobola okufulumizibwa, oba okugoberera emboozi nnyingi, wandibaddewo engeri ntono ez’okuziweereza ku mpewo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2007 |title=Multimedia News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115103603/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/11/multimedia_news.html |archive-date=15 November 2007 |access-date=19 December 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Enkola empya ey’okuzannya ebifaananyi ne vidiyo yatongozebwa okufulumya ebiwandiiko bya ttivvi mu Gwolubereberye 2007. Kino kyakwatagana n’ensengeka empya mu mawulire ga BBC World News, abafulumya ebitabo nga baagala ekitundu ekiweereddwayo okwekenneenya amawulire agafulumizibwa. Ekiwandiiko ekipya ekya BBC News ekyasooka okuva ku mawulire g'essaawa ekkuminebbiri kyalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2007 oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa obulungi mu Midlands. <ref>{{Cite news |date=11 July 2007 |title=BBC One gets extra news bulletin |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714232708/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/6291338.stm |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 July 2007 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Mu bufunze, obumala sekondi 90, bubadde bulagibwa ku ssaawa 20:00 ku nnaku za wiiki okuva mu Gwekkumineebiri 2007 era nga bufaanagana ne ''[[60 Seconds]]'' ku [[BBC Three]], kyokka nga mulimu n’emitwe okuva mu bitundu bya BBC eby’enjawulo n’okuwa mu bufunze embeera y’obudde. Ng’emu ku nteekateeka y’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya ey’ekiseera ekiwanvu, amawulire gakyusibwa ne gatuumibwa ''BBC News ku ssaawam Muanvu'', kkuminabbiri n'ennya mu Gwokuna 2008 ate BBC News 24 n’ekyusibwa erinnya BBC News n’egenda mu situdiyo y’emu ne bulletin ku BBC Television Centre. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Gadher |first=Dipesh |date=13 April 2008 |title=BBC rings changes with news revamp |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907171053/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article3735982.ece |archive-date=7 September 2008 |access-date=30 April 2009 |work=The Times |location=London}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC News Channel – 2008 |url=http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510021938/http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/news/bbcnews24/2008.html |archive-date=10 May 2011 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=TV Ark}}</ref> BBC World yakyusibwa erinnya lya ''BBC World News'' era pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu kitundu nazo zaddamu okulongoosebwa n’engeri empya ey’okulaga, eyakolebwa [[Lambie-Nairn]] . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Peter Horrocks |date=21 April 2008 |title=BBC NEWS – The Editors Blog – New News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805003251/https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2008/04/new_news.html |archive-date=5 August 2020 |access-date=30 April 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> 2008 era yafuna emikutu esatu egyatongozebwa ku TV, leediyo, ne ku yintaneeti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Uncorrected Evidence m274 |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726153245/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmfaff/memo/annual/ucm27402.htm |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> Okusenguka mu situdiyo era kwategeeza nti Studio N9 eyali ekozesebwa ku BBC World yaggalwa, era emirimu gyasenguka ne gigenda mu situdiyo eyasooka eya BBC News 24. Oluvannyuma situdiyo N9 yaddamu okuteekebwateekebwa okutuukana n’akabonero akapya, era n’ekozesebwa mu [[2009 United Kingdom local elections|kulonda kwa BBC okwa Bungereza mu bitundu by’e Bungereza]] n’okulaga [[2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom|okulonda kwa Bulaaya]] ku ntandikwa y'Ogwomukaaga 2009. '''Emyaka gya 2010''' Okwekenneenya enkola ya BBC mu Gwokusatu 2010, kwakakasa nti okubeera ne "eby'amawulire ebisinga mu nsi yonna" kyandikoze emu ku nkola etaano enkulu ez'okuwandiika, ng'ekimu ku nkyukakyuka ezirina okwebuuza ku bantu n'okukkirizibwa [[BBC Trust]] . <ref>{{Cite news |date=2 March 2010 |title=BBC 6 Music and Asian Network face axe in shake-up |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100303054531/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/8544150.stm |archive-date=3 March 2010 |access-date=2 March 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera ng’eyimiriziddwa ku nkomerero ya 2012, Helen Boaden yalekera awo okubeera Dayirekita wa BBC News. <ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396 ''Helen Boaden becomes director of BBC Radio'', BBC News, 14 February 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404060207/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-21455396|date=4 April 2018}}.</ref> Nga 16 Ogwokuna 2013, [[Director-General of the BBC|Dayirekita wa]] BBC omuggya [[Tony Hall, Baron Hall of Birkenhead|Tony Hall]] yayita [[James Harding (journalist)|James Harding]], eyali omutereeza w’olupapula lw’amawulire olwa ''[[The Times]]'' of London ng'amuyita Dayirekita w’Amawulire n’Ebifa mu ggwanga.<ref name="harding">[http://www.mediaweek.co.uk/news/rss/1178458/Former-Times-editor-James-Harding-news-boss-BBC/ ''Former Times editor James Harding to be news boss at BBC'', Gordon MacMillan, MediaWeek, London, 16 April 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132757/https://www.campaignlive.co.uk//|date=24 November 2023}}.</ref> Okuva mu Gwomunaana 2012 okutuuka mu Gwokusatu 2013, emirimu gyonna egy’amawulire gyava mu Television Center ne gigenda mu bifo ebipya mu [[Broadcasting House]] eyaddaabirizibwa era n’egaziyizibwa, mu [[Portland Place]] . Enkola eno yatandika mu Gwekkumi 2012, era nga mulimu ne BBC World Service eyasenguka okuva mu [[Bush House]] oluvannyuma lwa liizi ya BBC okuggwaako. Okugaziya kuno okupya okugenda mu bukiikakkono n'obuvanjuba, okuyitibwa "New Broadcasting House", kulimu situdiyo za leediyo ne ttivvi empya eziwerako ez'omulembe nga zeetoolodde atrium ey'emyaliiro 11. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Sabbagh |first=Dan |date=7 September 2012 |title=The news from the BBC: its £1bn new base is finally coming on air |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911114538/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/sep/07/bbc-1bn-new-base-broadcasting |archive-date=11 September 2018 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Enkola eno yatandika ne pulogulaamu y'omunda mu ggwanga eya ''[[The Andrew Marr Show]]'' nga 2 Ogwomwenda 2012, era yakomekkerezebwa n'okusenguka kw'omukutu gwa BBC News n'amawulire g'omunda nga 18 Ogwokusatu 2013. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Coomes |first=Phil |date=6 July 2012 |title=Goodbye Television Centre |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203151813/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/in-pictures-18627051 |archive-date=3 February 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=9 July 2012 |title=BBC News begins move into Broadcasting House |url=http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117060101/http://www.newscaststudio.com/blog/2012/07/09/bbc-news-begins-move-into-broadcasting-house/ |archive-date=17 January 2013 |access-date=26 December 2012 |publisher=Newscast Studio}}</ref> <ref name="Last move">{{Cite news |date=18 March 2013 |title=BBC TV Centre broadcasts last network news bulletins |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-21818963 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201231012440/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-21818963 |archive-date=31 December 2020 |access-date=18 March 2013 |work=BBC News}}</ref> Ekisenge ky’amawulire kirimu amawulire gonna ag’omunda mu ggwanga ne pulogulaamu ku ttivvi ne leediyo, wamu n’emikutu gya leediyo egy’ensi yonna egya [[BBC World Service]] n’omukutu gwa ttivvi ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]] . BBC News ne [[CBS News]] baatandikawo omukago n’okutereeza n'okukungaanya amawulire mu 2017, ne badda mu kifo ky’omukago ogwali gumaze ebbanga wakati wa BBC News ne [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] . <ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2017 |title=BBC changes US news partner |url=https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331150107/https://www.digitaltveurope.com/2017/07/17/bbc-changes-us-news-partner/ |archive-date=31 March 2024 |access-date=31 March 2024}}</ref> Mu kunoonyereza [[Simmons Research|okwakolebwa aba Simmons Research]] mu Gwekkumi 2018 ku bitongole by’amawulire 38, BBC News yakwata ekifo eky’okuna mu kitongole ky’amawulire ekisinga okwesigika mu Bamerica, emabega wa CBS News, ABC News ne ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Benton |first=Joshua |author-link=Joshua Benton |date=5 October 2018 |title=Here's how much Americans trust 38 major news organizations (hint: not all that much!) |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208001945/https://www.niemanlab.org/2018/10/heres-how-much-americans-trust-38-major-news-organizations-hint-not-all-that-much/ |archive-date=8 December 2020 |access-date=29 December 2022 |website=[[Nieman Lab]]}}</ref> '''Emyaka gya 2020''' '''<br />'''Mu Gwolubereberye gwa 2020 BBC yalangirira nti BBC News yali esuubira okutereka ssente za pawundi obukadde 80 buli mwaka, 2022 we gunaatuukira, nga kino kizingiramu okukendeeza ku bakozi nga 450 okuva ku 6,000 abaliwo kati. Dayirekita wa BBC ow’amawulire n’ensonga eziri mu ggwanga [[Fran Unsworth]] yagambye nti wagenda kubaawo okugenda mu maaso n’okuweereza [[Digital broadcasting|ku mpewo mu ngeri ya digito]], mu kitundu okusikiriza abalabi abato okuddayo, n’okugatta bannamawulire okusingawo okukomya ttiimu ez’enjawulo okubunyisa amawulire ge gamu. <ref name="bbc-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=BBC News to close 450 posts as part of £80m savings drive |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215000003/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-51271168 |archive-date=15 December 2020 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=BBC News}}</ref> <ref name="telegraph-20200129">{{Cite news |date=29 January 2020 |title=Budget cuts will not solve the BBC's problems |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2020/01/29/budget-cuts-will-not-solve-bbcs-problems/ |archive-date=11 January 2022 |access-date=14 December 2020 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> Okukendeeza ku bakozi abalala 70 kwalangirirwa mu Gwomusanvu 2020. <ref name="guardian-20200715">{{Cite news |last=Waterson |first=Jim |date=15 July 2020 |title=BBC announces further 70 job cuts in news division |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101031912/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2020/jul/15/bbc-announces-further-70-job-cuts-in-news-division |archive-date=1 November 2020 |access-date=15 December 2020 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> [[BBC Three]] yatandika okuweereza pulogulaamu y’amawulire ''eya The Catch Up'' mu Gwokubiri 2022. Eweerezebwa Levi Jouavel, Kirsty Grant, ne Callum Tulley era nga egenderera okufuna abantu omukutu guno be gugenderera (ab'emyaka 16 okutuuka ku 34) okukola amakulu mu nsi ebabeetoolodde ate nga era liraga emboozi ezirina essuubi.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Kahn|first=Ellie|date=31 January 2022|title=BBC3 preps 'shareable' news bulletin|url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|url-access=subscription|magazine=[[Broadcast (magazine)|Broadcast]]|id={{ProQuest|2624210115}}|accessdate=16 May 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094756/https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/bbc/bbc3-preps-shareable-news-bulletin/5167083.article|archivedate=16 May 2024}}</ref> Bw’ogeraageranya n'eyasooka eya ''[[60 Seconds|sekonda 60]]'', ''The Catch Up'' esingako emirundi esatu, etambula okumala eddakiika nga ssatu ate nga tefulumira ku mpewo ku wiikendi. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Bryan |first=Scott |date=2 February 2022 |title='The whole launch show is a pre-record': we watched BBC Three's return to TV – so you didn't have to |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516094726/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/feb/02/the-whole-launch-show-is-a-pre-record-we-watched-bbc-threes-return-to-tv-so-you-didnt-have-to |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Okusinziira ku lipoota yaayo ey’omwaka we bwatuukira mu 2021 , Buyindi y’esinga okukozesa empeereza za BBC mu nsi yonna. [1] Mu Gwokutaano 2025, oluvannyuma lwa musisi eyakuba Myanmar ne Thailand, ekiwandiiko kya ttivvi (BBC News Myanmar) okuva mu mpeereza ya Burma nga kikozesa sseetilayiti ya [[Voice of America]] yatandika okuweereza. <ref>{{Cite news |title=Lokalna wesja BBC News ruszy w DTH |url=https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513171919/https://satkurier.pl/news/243440/lokalna-wersja-bbc-news-ruszy-w-dth.html |archive-date=13 May 2025 |access-date=13 May 2025 |work=satkurier.pl |language=Polish}}</ref> '''Okukola pulogulaamu n’okukola alipoota<br />''' Mu Ogwekkuminoogumu 2023, BBC News yeegatta ku kibiina ky’ensi yonna ekya [[International Consortium of Investigative Journalists]], {{Interlanguage link|Paper trail media|lt=Paper Trail Media|de}}, ne kkampuni z'ammawulire ze baakolagananga nazo omwali [[:en:Distributed_Denial_of_Secrets|Distributed Denial of Secrets]] and the [[:en:Organised_Crime_and_Corruption_Reporting_Project|Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project]] (OCCRP) era bannamawulire abaasukka mu 270 mu nsi 55 n'amatwale <ref name=":022">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Inside Cyprus Confidential: The data-driven journalism that helped expose an island under Russian influence – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/leaked-data-journalism-methodology/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231130214812/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/leaked-data-journalism-methodology/ |archive-date=30 November 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref>[[Distributed Denial of Secrets|​]] <ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=About the Cyprus Confidential investigation – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/about-cyprus-confidential-investigation/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121093552/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/about-cyprus-confidential-investigation/ |archive-date=21 November 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref>[[Cyprus Confidential|​]][[Vladimir Putin|​]] okufulumya alipoota ya '[[:en:Cyprus_Confidential|Cyprus Confidential]]' okulaga entambula y'ebyensimbi ekiwagira obufuzi bwa [[:en:Vladimir_Putin|Vladimir Putin]], okusinga nga alina abantu mu Cyprus era n'eraga nti alina abantu baakolagana nabo eenyo ab’oku ntikko mu Kremlin, abamu ku bo baaweebwa envumbo. <ref>{{Cite news |date=15 November 2023 |title=Cyprus Confidential: Leaked Roman Abramovich documents raise fresh questions for Chelsea FC: ICIJ-led investigation reveals how Mediterranean island ignores Russian atrocities and western sanctions to cash in on Putin's oligarchs |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/2023/11/15/cyprus-confidential-leaked-roman-abramovich-documents-raise-fresh-questions-for-chelsea-fc/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115073523/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/financial-services/2023/11/15/cyprus-confidential-leaked-roman-abramovich-documents-raise-fresh-questions-for-chelsea-fc/ |archive-date=15 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=The Irish Times |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Cyprus Confidential – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224150800/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/ |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=14 November 2023 |website=icij.org}}</ref> Abakungu ba gavumenti omuli pulezidenti wa Cyprus [[Nikos Christodoulides]] <ref name=":72">{{Cite web |date=15 November 2023 |title=Cypriot president pledges government probe into Cyprus Confidential revelations – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cypriot-president-pledges-government-probe-into-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214203142/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cypriot-president-pledges-government-probe-into-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |archive-date=14 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref> n’ababaka ba Palamenti mu Bulaaya <ref>{{Cite web |date=23 November 2023 |title=Lawmakers call for EU crackdown after ICIJ's Cyprus Confidential revelations – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/lawmakers-call-for-eu-crackdown-after-icijs-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224114123/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/lawmakers-call-for-eu-crackdown-after-icijs-cyprus-confidential-revelations/ |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref> baatandika okwanukula ebizuuliddwa mu kunoonyereza mu ssaawa ezitakka wansi wa 24,<ref name=":72" /> nga basaba ennongoosereza n’okutongoza okunoonyereza.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2023 |title=Cyprus ignores Russian atrocities, Western sanctions to shield vast wealth of Putin allies – ICIJ |url=https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cyprus-russia-eu-secrecy-tax-haven/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214002320/https://www.icij.org/investigations/cyprus-confidential/cyprus-russia-eu-secrecy-tax-haven/ |archive-date=14 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Finance Minister perturbed over 'Cyprus Confidential' |url=https://knews.kathimerini.com.cy/en/news/finance-minister-perturbed-over-cyprus-confidential |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224114126/https://knews.kathimerini.com.cy/en/news/finance-minister-perturbed-over-cyprus-confidential |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=24 December 2023 |website=knews.com.cy}}</ref> '''<br />Ttivvi yaabwe''' BBC News y’evunaanyizibwa ku pulogulaamu z’amawulire n’ebiwandiiko ku mikutu gya ttivvi za BBC egy’awamu, wamu n’okufulumya amawulire ku mukutu gwa BBC News Channel mu Bungereza, n’okukola pulogulaamu ez’essaawa 22 ku mukutu gw’ekitongole kino ogw’ensi yonna [[BBC World News|ogwa BBC World News]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC World Service {{!}} WNYC {{!}} New York Public Radio, Podcasts, Live Streaming Radio, News |url=https://www.wnyc.org/shows/bbc-world-service/about |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=WNYC |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-13 |title=How it works… BBC World TV and Radio |url=https://roxhillmedia.com/resources/pr-insights/how-it-works-bbc-world-tv-and-radio/ |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=roxhillmedia.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> Okuwandiika ku [[BBC Parliament|Palamenti ya BBC]] kukolebwa ku lwa BBC mu [[Millbank]] Studios, wadde nga BBC News egaba ebikwata ku bafulumya n’amawulire.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC Parliament |url=https://www.freeview.co.uk/get-freeview-play/channels/bbc-parliament |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=www.freeview.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Ebirimu bya BBC News era bifulumizibwa ku ttivvi za BBC eza digito ezikwatagana wansi w’akabonero ka [[BBC Red Button]], era okutuusa mu 2012, ku nkola ya [[Ceefax]] [[teletext]] . <ref>{{Cite news |last=Perraudin |first=Frances |date=16 September 2019 |title=BBC to switch off Red Button information service in 2020 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2019/sep/16/bbc-to-switch-off-red-button-2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714143124/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2019/sep/16/bbc-to-switch-off-red-button-2020 |archive-date=14 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Ennyimba ku pulogulaamu zonna ez'amawulire ku ttivvi za BBC gwatongozebwa mu 1999 era nga zaayimbibwa [[David Lowe (television and radio composer)|David Lowe]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=3 November 2015 |title=Column: David Lowe – the man who changed news music forever |url=https://www.newscaststudio.com/2015/11/03/column-david-lowe-the-man-who-changed-news-music-forever/?og=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160751/https://www.newscaststudio.com/2015/11/03/column-david-lowe-the-man-who-changed-news-music-forever/?og=1 |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=NewscastStudio |language=en-US}}</ref> Yali emu ku kuddamu okussaako akabonero akaatandika mu 1999 era nga kuliko ' [[BBC Pips]] '.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=23 September 2019 |title=What is the music used in TV news programmes? {{!}} Classical-Music.com |url=http://www.classical-music.com/article/what-music-used-tv-news-programmes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925114905/http://www.classical-music.com/article/what-music-used-tv-news-programmes |archive-date=25 September 2019 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=BBC Music Magazine}}</ref> Omulamwa ogw’awamu gwakozesebwa ku mawulire ku [[BBC One]], News 24, BBC World ne pulogulaamu z’amawulire ez’omu ggwanga mu BBC’s [[:Category:BBC Regional News shows|Nations and Regions]] . <ref name=":2" /> Lowe era ye yali avunaanyizibwa ku nnyimba zino ku Radio One's ''[[Newsbeat]]'' . <ref name=":2" /> Omulamwa guno gubadde n’enkyukakyuka eziwerako okuva mu 1999, eyasembyeyo mu Gwokusatu 2013. <ref name=":1" /> Omukutu gw'amawulire [[BBC Arabic Television|ogwa BBC Arabic Television]] gwatongozebwa nga 11 Gwokusatu 2008, <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 February 2008 |title=BBC Arabic-language television channel to be launched 11 March |url=https://www.arabmediasociety.com/bbc-arabic-language-television-channel-to-be-launched-11-march/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726160936/https://www.arabmediasociety.com/bbc-arabic-language-television-channel-to-be-launched-11-march/ |archive-date=26 July 2020 |access-date=31 May 2020 |website=Arab Media & Society |language=en-US}}</ref> [[BBC Persian Television|omukutu ogw'olulimi Olupersia]] gwagobererwa nga 14 Ogwolubereberye 2009, <ref>{{Cite book |last=Committee |first=Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Foreign Affairs |date=2009 |title=Foreign and Commonwealth Office annual report 2007-08: report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8L81HYbAUfQC&q=bbc+news+a+Persian-language+channel+followed+on+14+January+2009&pg=PA101 |publisher=The Stationery Office |isbn=978-0-215-52627-4 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124132819/https://books.google.com/books?id=8L81HYbAUfQC&q=bbc+news+a+Persian-language+channel+followed+on+14+January+2009&pg=PA101#v=snippet&q=bbc%20news%20a%20Persian-language%20channel%20followed%20on%2014%20January%202009&f=false |archive-date=24 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> nga guweereza okuva mu kiwayi kya Peel ekya Broadcasting House; byombi birimu amawulire, okwekenneenya, okubuuza ebibuuzo, ebyemizannyo n’eby’obuwangwa eby’amaanyi era nga biddukanyizibwa [[BBC World Service]] era nga biweebwa ssente okuva mu nsimbi eziweebwayo okuva mu [[Foreign and Commonwealth Office|ofiisi ya Bungereza ey’ensonga z’ebweru]] (so si [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom|layisinsi ya ttivvi]] ). <ref>{{Cite news |date=26 April 2007 |script-title=fa:آگهی استخدام در تلویزیون فارسی بی بی سی |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/news/story/2007/04/070426_adverttv.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915193131/http://www.bbc.co.uk/persian/news/story/2007/04/070426_adverttv.shtml |archive-date=15 September 2008 |access-date=4 January 2009 |work=BBC News |language=fa}}</ref> Empeereza ya [[BBC Verify]] yatongozebwa mu 2023 okukebera amawulire [[Fact-check|amatuufu]], n’eddirirwa BBC Verify Live mu 2025. <ref name="live">{{Cite web |last=Turness |first=Deborah |date=2 June 2025 |title=BBC Verify Live |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/articles/2025/bbc-verify-live |publisher=BBC}}</ref> '''Leediyo''' '''yaayo''' BBC Radio News efulumya amawulire agakwata ku leediyo z’eggwanga eza BBC era egaba obubaka ku lwa leediyo za BBC ez’omu ggwanga ng’eyita mu General News Service (GNS), empeereza y’okusaasaanya amawulire ey’omunda mu BBC <ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith, Mort |date=23 October 2012 |title=Ceefax: The early days |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-20032531 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180811184649/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-20032531 |archive-date=11 August 2018 |access-date=21 June 2018 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>. BBC News tefulumya mawulire ga BBC agakwata ku bitundu, agafulumizibwa amawanga ssekinnoomu aga BBC n’ebitundu byennyini. Ekitongole kya BBC World Service kiweereza abantu nga 150 abantu obukadde mu Lungereza awamu n’ennimi 27 okwetoloola ensi yonna. <ref name="About WS">{{Cite web |title=About the World Service |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldserviceradio/help |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318055140/http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldserviceradio/help |archive-date=18 March 2013 |access-date=18 March 2013 |website=Help |publisher=BBC}}</ref> BBC Radio News ye muyambi w'ekitongole kya [[Radio Academy]] . <ref>The Radio Academy [http://www.radioacademy.org/about/patrons/ "Patrons"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100107234239/http://www.radioacademy.org/about/patrons/|date=7 January 2010}}.</ref> <references /> lskuf3yd8tcvxzuxeif3iyh5loin8w3 0 11325 65348 53580 2026-07-28T14:39:58Z Musuuza 11013 ntereezezza ku mpandiika 65348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ali Ssalongo Kony''' (yazaalibwa mu 1990) Munnayuganda munnamagye era yali mu kibiina kya LRA. Ono mutabani wa [[:en:Joseph_Kony|Joseph Kony]] . == Obulamu bwe == Ali Ssalongo Kony yazaalibwa e Gulu nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1994 nga bazadde be yali Joseph Kony ne Medina Akulu. Medina Akulu Mukyala wa Joseph Kony owookusatu. Yawambibwa mu mwaka gwa 1989. Ali nga awezezza emyezi mukaaga, Kony yamuwamba wamu ne nnyina n'abatwala mu kibira. Naye nnyina yali awakanya ekyo kubanga yali ayagala Ali akule ng'asoma. Yafuna obuzibu mu kuwulira olw'okulumizibwa kwe yafuna mu bulumbaganyi obwamutuukako ng'akyali mwana muto. Mu buto bwe, yakuzibwa wamu n'abaana ba Kony abaali bawera ekikumi. Yagamba nti Kony yali wa kisa eri abaana be era yabalabiriranga bulungi nnyo. <ref name="TNH">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> <ref name="ASK">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Nga mmemba wa LRA, Ali yali brigadier, n'afuna nom de guerre "Caesar" ne "Bashir". Yalina abakuumi basatu era yali musuubuzi ng’asuubula amasanga, zaabu n’enjaga okuva mu bayizzi, abasuubuzi n’abalimi era ng’abiguza abasuubuzi abanene e Songo. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Eggwanika lya Amerika yalambika nti Kony yaweebwa omulimu gw’okuteesa ku bbeeyi y’amasanga n’okulabirira okugabibwa kwago eri Joseph Kony olw’okutunda. Okuyitira mu busuubuzi bw’amasanga, ebibinja ebyo byafuna ebyokulwanyisa, emmere, n’amasasi. <ref name="KAF">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Ng’oggyeeko ekyo, era yaweereza nga minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru w’ekibiina kino, gye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kukola endagaano etali ya bulumbaganyi, okuwanyisiganya ebikessi, n’okusuubulagana n’abajaasi abalala abaali bakutte emmundu abaali bataayaaya mu bitundu bya LRA. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu October 2014, kigambibwa nti Ali yali agenda kwongera okwenyigira mu nteekateeka y’emirimu gya LRA.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Olw’omulimu gwe yakola mu LRA, [[:en:United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury|eggwanika lya Amerika]] lyassa envumbo ku Kony n’okusiba eby’obugagga bye mu Amerika nga 23 August 2016 olw’okutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu eri abantu baabulijjo mu Central African Republic. Mu July wa 2005, [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|UPDF]] yagamba nti Ali ng’ali wamu ne Lakati Owor battibwa amasasi mu kulwanagana okwaliwo e Beyogoya ne Palabek. Wabula kino tekyalina musingi kuba era yalondebwa ng’ayinza okuba omukulembeze wa LRA lumu kitaawe bwe yafa mu 2017. === Okulekulira === Mu June wa 2021, Ali yasalawo okuva mu LRA olw’obutakwatagana ne kitaawe, eyali atera okulwana ne nnyina n’okwagala okutandika obulamu obupya n’abaana ne mukyala we. ​ Ekiro bwekyatuuka, bonna baamuka ekifo ekye [[:en:Kafia_Kingi|Kafia Kingi]]<nowiki/>okugenda e Songo kubanga tebayagala kukuba nduulu yonna. bweyatuuka mu Songo,yatandika obulamu obugya. Yafuuka omusuubuzi ng’alina amaduuka era ng’asuubula zaabu n’enjaga ng’omutabaganya. Ng’oggyeeko okufuuka omusuubuzi, yakola ng’omulimi n’okuvuga takisi. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu April 2023, [[:en:Sudanese_civil_war_(2023–present)|olutalo lw’omunda]] lwabalukawo mu Sudan. Ng’ayanukula akavuyo kano, Ali n’ab’omu maka ge baasalawo okugenda e Juba. Wakati mu lugendo lw’e [[:en:Juba|Juba]], omu ku baana be yafuna omusujja. Oluvannyuma lwa wiiki eziwera nga batambula, baatuuka e Juba nga tebalina ssente. Ng’atuuse e Juba, Kony yagenda mu kitebe kya Uganda ne yeeyanjula ng’omusuubuzi e Sudan. Olwo ekitebe kya Uganda ne kiwa Kony olukusa lw’okutambula, ne bagenda e Gulu. Bwe yatuuka e Gulu nga 1 July, yabeera mu nnyumba epangisibwa ne famire ye. Ali ne famire ye baasisinkana [[Yoweri Museveni]] mu makaage, [[Entebbe]] nga 25 August 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba</ref> Mu lukiiko luno, Museveni yasuubiza nti yali wakuwa Ali ettaka eriweza yiika 30, ffaamu, n'ennyumba. Wabula, ebisuubizo bya pulezidenti byali tebinnatuukirira era bakyalwana okugya mu bulamu obupya Ogw'okubiri ogwa 2025 wegwatuukira. == Obulamu bwe == Kony mufumbo n’omukyala Omucongo ayitibwa Cecillia Akullu era abafumbo bano balina abaana bana. Amanyi bulungi Oluwarabu. == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ensengeka y’ebitabo == * . mm46y3wscoyngmt4u7rcc1nqa2e26kz 65349 65348 2026-07-28T14:40:56Z Musuuza 11013 nyongeddeko akatwetwetwe 65349 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ali Ssalongo Kony''' (yazaalibwa mu 1990) Munnayuganda munnamagye era yali mu kibiina kya LRA. Ono mutabani wa [[:en:Joseph_Kony|Joseph Kony]] . == Obulamu bwe == Ali Ssalongo Kony yazaalibwa e Gulu nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1994 nga bazadde be yali Joseph Kony ne Medina Akulu. Medina Akulu Mukyala wa Joseph Kony owookusatu. Yawambibwa mu mwaka gwa 1989. Ali nga awezezza emyezi mukaaga, Kony yamuwamba wamu ne nnyina n'abatwala mu kibira. Naye nnyina yali awakanya ekyo kubanga yali ayagala Ali akule ng'asoma. Yafuna obuzibu mu kuwulira olw'okulumizibwa kwe yafuna mu bulumbaganyi obwamutuukako ng'akyali mwana muto. Mu buto bwe, yakuzibwa wamu n'abaana ba Kony abaali bawera ekikumi. Yagamba nti Kony yali wa kisa eri abaana be era yabalabiriranga bulungi nnyo. <ref name="TNH">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> <ref name="ASK">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> === Memba wa LRA === Nga mmemba wa LRA, Ali yali brigadier, n'afuna nom de guerre "Caesar" ne "Bashir". Yalina abakuumi basatu era yali musuubuzi ng’asuubula amasanga, zaabu n’enjaga okuva mu bayizzi, abasuubuzi n’abalimi era ng’abiguza abasuubuzi abanene e Songo. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Eggwanika lya Amerika yalambika nti Kony yaweebwa omulimu gw’okuteesa ku bbeeyi y’amasanga n’okulabirira okugabibwa kwago eri Joseph Kony olw’okutunda. Okuyitira mu busuubuzi bw’amasanga, ebibinja ebyo byafuna ebyokulwanyisa, emmere, n’amasasi. <ref name="KAF">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Ng’oggyeeko ekyo, era yaweereza nga minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru w’ekibiina kino, gye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kukola endagaano etali ya bulumbaganyi, okuwanyisiganya ebikessi, n’okusuubulagana n’abajaasi abalala abaali bakutte emmundu abaali bataayaaya mu bitundu bya LRA. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu October 2014, kigambibwa nti Ali yali agenda kwongera okwenyigira mu nteekateeka y’emirimu gya LRA.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Olw’omulimu gwe yakola mu LRA, [[:en:United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury|eggwanika lya Amerika]] lyassa envumbo ku Kony n’okusiba eby’obugagga bye mu Amerika nga 23 August 2016 olw’okutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu eri abantu baabulijjo mu Central African Republic. Mu July wa 2005, [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|UPDF]] yagamba nti Ali ng’ali wamu ne Lakati Owor battibwa amasasi mu kulwanagana okwaliwo e Beyogoya ne Palabek. Wabula kino tekyalina musingi kuba era yalondebwa ng’ayinza okuba omukulembeze wa LRA lumu kitaawe bwe yafa mu 2017. === Okulekulira === Mu June wa 2021, Ali yasalawo okuva mu LRA olw’obutakwatagana ne kitaawe, eyali atera okulwana ne nnyina n’okwagala okutandika obulamu obupya n’abaana ne mukyala we. ​ Ekiro bwekyatuuka, bonna baamuka ekifo ekye [[:en:Kafia_Kingi|Kafia Kingi]]<nowiki/>okugenda e Songo kubanga tebayagala kukuba nduulu yonna. bweyatuuka mu Songo,yatandika obulamu obugya. Yafuuka omusuubuzi ng’alina amaduuka era ng’asuubula zaabu n’enjaga ng’omutabaganya. Ng’oggyeeko okufuuka omusuubuzi, yakola ng’omulimi n’okuvuga takisi. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu April 2023, [[:en:Sudanese_civil_war_(2023–present)|olutalo lw’omunda]] lwabalukawo mu Sudan. Ng’ayanukula akavuyo kano, Ali n’ab’omu maka ge baasalawo okugenda e Juba. Wakati mu lugendo lw’e [[:en:Juba|Juba]], omu ku baana be yafuna omusujja. Oluvannyuma lwa wiiki eziwera nga batambula, baatuuka e Juba nga tebalina ssente. Ng’atuuse e Juba, Kony yagenda mu kitebe kya Uganda ne yeeyanjula ng’omusuubuzi e Sudan. Olwo ekitebe kya Uganda ne kiwa Kony olukusa lw’okutambula, ne bagenda e Gulu. Bwe yatuuka e Gulu nga 1 July, yabeera mu nnyumba epangisibwa ne famire ye. Ali ne famire ye baasisinkana [[Yoweri Museveni]] mu makaage, [[Entebbe]] nga 25 August 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba</ref> Mu lukiiko luno, Museveni yasuubiza nti yali wakuwa Ali ettaka eriweza yiika 30, ffaamu, n'ennyumba. Wabula, ebisuubizo bya pulezidenti byali tebinnatuukirira era bakyalwana okugya mu bulamu obupya Ogw'okubiri ogwa 2025 wegwatuukira. == Obulamu bwe == Kony mufumbo n’omukyala Omucongo ayitibwa Cecillia Akullu era abafumbo bano balina abaana bana. Amanyi bulungi Oluwarabu. == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ensengeka y’ebitabo == * . 0y7rwa3mipx0htuwfuags04nkuz9ti9 65350 65349 2026-07-28T15:05:41Z Musuuza 11013 Nyongeddeko sentensi ezibulamu n'okutereeza mu mpandiika 65350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ali Ssalongo Kony''' (yazaalibwa mu 1990) Munnayuganda munnamagye era yali mu kibiina kya LRA. Ono mutabani wa [[:en:Joseph_Kony|Joseph Kony]] . == Obulamu bwe == Ali Ssalongo Kony yazaalibwa e Gulu nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1994 nga bazadde be yali Joseph Kony ne Medina Akulu. Medina Akulu Mukyala wa Joseph Kony owookusatu. Yawambibwa mu mwaka gwa 1989. Ali nga awezezza emyezi mukaaga, Kony yamuwamba wamu ne nnyina n'abatwala mu kibira. Naye nnyina yali awakanya ekyo kubanga yali ayagala Ali akule ng'asoma. Yafuna obuzibu mu kuwulira olw'okulumizibwa kwe yafuna mu bulumbaganyi obwamutuukako ng'akyali mwana muto. Mu buto bwe, yakuzibwa wamu n'abaana ba Kony abaali bawera ekikumi. Yagamba nti Kony yali wa kisa eri abaana be era yabalabiriranga bulungi nnyo. <ref name="TNH">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> <ref name="ASK">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> === Memba wa LRA === Mu mwaka gwa 2005, Ali yayingira mu LRA mu butongole. Mu kiseera ekyo yagenda mu Democratic Republic of Congo gye yatendekerwa okukozesa ebyokulwanyisa wansi w'obuduumizi bwa Vincent Otti. Mu mwaka gwa 2009, yeetaba mu lutalo lwe olusooka ng'omulwanyi wa LRA. Yategeeza nti okuva olwo okutuusa lwe yava mu LRA mu mwaka gwa 2021, yategeeza nti yali amaze okulwana mu ntalo ezisukka mu kikumi, era takubwangako ssasi lyonna. Mu mwaka gwa 2012, bwe yali aweza emyaka 18 egy'obukulu, yafuuka omuduumizi wa bataaliyoni ya LRA oluvannyuma lw'okulinnyisibwa amangu mu ddaala ly'obukulembeze.(1) Oluvannyuma yalinnyisibwa n'afuuka Brigadier, era n'aweebwa amannya g'olutalo agaali 'Caesar' ne 'Bashir'. Yalina abakuumi be abasatu. Ng'oggyeeko obuduumizi bwe mu LRA, yali yeenyigira mu busuubuzi, ng'agula amasanga, zaabu, n'enjaga okuva mu bayizzi, abasuubuzi, n'abalimi, era n'abitunda eri abasuubuzi abakulu mu Songo. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> ALipoota ya Minisitule y'ebyensimbi eya Amerika (US Treasury) yalaga nti Kony yaweebwa omulimu gw'okuteesa ku miwendo gy'amasanga era n'okulabirira engeri gye gaagabanyizibwamu ne gatuusibwa eri Joseph Kony okusobola okugatunda. Okuyitira mu busuubuzi bw’amasanga, ebibinja ebyo byafuna ebyokulwanyisa, emmere, n’amasasi. <ref name="KAF">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Ng’oggyeeko ekyo, era yaweereza nga minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru w’ekibiina kino, gye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kukola endagaano etali ya bulumbaganyi, okuwanyisiganya obukessi, n’okusuubulagana n’abajaasi abalala abaali bakutte emmundu abaali bataayaaya mu bitundu bya LRA. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwekkumi 2014, kigambibwa nti Ali yali agenda kwongera okwenyigira mu nteekateeka y’emirimu gya LRA.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Olw’omulimu gwe yakola mu LRA, [[:en:United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury|eggwanika lya Amerika]] lyassa envumbo ku Kony n’okusiba eby’obugagga bye mu Amerika nga 23 Ogwomunaana 2016 olw’okutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu eri abantu baabulijjo mu Central African Republic. Mu July wa 2005, [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|UPDF]] yagamba nti Ali ng’ali wamu ne Lakati Owor baakubibwa amasasi n'attibwa mu kulwanagana okwaliwo e Beyogoya ne Palabek. Wabula ensonga eno yali teyeesigamiziddwa ku bujulizi bumatiza, kubanga mu mwaka gwa 2017 yayogerwako ng'omuntu ayinza okusikira obukulembeze bwa LRA singa kitaawe yafa. === Okulekulira === Mu June wa 2021, Ali yasalawo okuva mu LRA olw’obutakwatagana ne kitaawe, eyali atera okulwana ne nnyina n’okwagala okutandika obulamu obupya n’abaana ne mukyala we. ​ Ekiro bwekyatuuka, bonna baamuka ekifo ekye [[:en:Kafia_Kingi|Kafia Kingi]]<nowiki/>okugenda e Songo kubanga tebayagala kukuba nduulu yonna. bweyatuuka mu Songo,yatandika obulamu obugya. Yafuuka omusuubuzi ng’alina amaduuka era ng’asuubula zaabu n’enjaga ng’omutabaganya. Ng’oggyeeko okufuuka omusuubuzi, yakola ng’omulimi n’okuvuga takisi. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu April 2023, [[:en:Sudanese_civil_war_(2023–present)|olutalo lw’omunda]] lwabalukawo mu Sudan. Ng’ayanukula akavuyo kano, Ali n’ab’omu maka ge baasalawo okugenda e Juba. Wakati mu lugendo lw’e [[:en:Juba|Juba]], omu ku baana be yafuna omusujja. Oluvannyuma lwa wiiki eziwera nga batambula, baatuuka e Juba nga tebalina ssente. Ng’atuuse e Juba, Kony yagenda mu kitebe kya Uganda ne yeeyanjula ng’omusuubuzi e Sudan. Olwo ekitebe kya Uganda ne kiwa Kony olukusa lw’okutambula, ne bagenda e Gulu. Bwe yatuuka e Gulu nga 1 July, yabeera mu nnyumba epangisibwa ne famire ye. Ali ne famire ye baasisinkana [[Yoweri Museveni]] mu makaage, [[Entebbe]] nga 25 August 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba</ref> Mu lukiiko luno, Museveni yasuubiza nti yali wakuwa Ali ettaka eriweza yiika 30, ffaamu, n'ennyumba. Wabula, ebisuubizo bya pulezidenti byali tebinnatuukirira era bakyalwana okugya mu bulamu obupya Ogw'okubiri ogwa 2025 wegwatuukira. == Obulamu bwe == Kony mufumbo n’omukyala Omucongo ayitibwa Cecillia Akullu era abafumbo bano balina abaana bana. Amanyi bulungi Oluwarabu. == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ensengeka y’ebitabo == * . jy208oincirh630dxlcr529pco2qcrg 65411 65350 2026-07-29T08:42:26Z Musuuza 11013 Nyongeddeko sentensi ezibulamu n'okutereeza mu mpandiika 65411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ali Ssalongo Kony''' (yazaalibwa mu 1990) Munnayuganda munnamagye era yali mu kibiina kya LRA. Ono mutabani wa [[:en:Joseph_Kony|Joseph Kony]] . == Obulamu bwe == Ali Ssalongo Kony yazaalibwa e Gulu nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1994 nga bazadde be yali Joseph Kony ne Medina Akulu. Medina Akulu Mukyala wa Joseph Kony owookusatu. Yawambibwa mu mwaka gwa 1989. Ali nga awezezza emyezi mukaaga, Kony yamuwamba wamu ne nnyina n'abatwala mu kibira. Naye nnyina yali awakanya ekyo kubanga yali ayagala Ali akule ng'asoma. Yafuna obuzibu mu kuwulira olw'okulumizibwa kwe yafuna mu bulumbaganyi obwamutuukako ng'akyali mwana muto. Mu buto bwe, yakuzibwa wamu n'abaana ba Kony abaali bawera ekikumi. Yagamba nti Kony yali wa kisa eri abaana be era yabalabiriranga bulungi nnyo. <ref name="TNH">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> <ref name="ASK">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> === Memba wa LRA === Mu mwaka gwa 2005, Ali yayingira mu LRA mu butongole. Mu kiseera ekyo yagenda mu Democratic Republic of Congo gye yatendekerwa okukozesa ebyokulwanyisa wansi w'obuduumizi bwa Vincent Otti. Mu mwaka gwa 2009, yeetaba mu lutalo lwe olusooka ng'omulwanyi wa LRA. Yategeeza nti okuva olwo okutuusa lwe yava mu LRA mu mwaka gwa 2021, yategeeza nti yali amaze okulwana mu ntalo ezisukka mu kikumi, era takubwangako ssasi lyonna. Mu mwaka gwa 2012, bwe yali aweza emyaka 18 egy'obukulu, yafuuka omuduumizi wa bataaliyoni ya LRA oluvannyuma lw'okulinnyisibwa amangu mu ddaala ly'obukulembeze.(1) Oluvannyuma yalinnyisibwa n'afuuka Brigadier, era n'aweebwa amannya g'olutalo agaali 'Caesar' ne 'Bashir'. Yalina abakuumi be abasatu. Ng'oggyeeko obuduumizi bwe mu LRA, yali yeenyigira mu busuubuzi, ng'agula amasanga, zaabu, n'enjaga okuva mu bayizzi, abasuubuzi, n'abalimi, era n'abitunda eri abasuubuzi abakulu mu Songo. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> ALipoota ya Minisitule y'ebyensimbi eya Amerika (US Treasury) yalaga nti Kony yaweebwa omulimu gw'okuteesa ku miwendo gy'amasanga era n'okulabirira engeri gye gaagabanyizibwamu ne gatuusibwa eri Joseph Kony okusobola okugatunda. Okuyitira mu busuubuzi bw’amasanga, ebibinja ebyo byafuna ebyokulwanyisa, emmere, n’amasasi. <ref name="KAF">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Ng’oggyeeko ekyo, era yaweereza nga minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru w’ekibiina kino, gye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kukola endagaano etali ya bulumbaganyi, okuwanyisiganya obukessi, n’okusuubulagana n’abajaasi abalala abaali bakutte emmundu abaali bataayaaya mu bitundu bya LRA. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwekkumi 2014, kigambibwa nti Ali yali agenda kwongera okwenyigira mu nteekateeka y’emirimu gya LRA.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Olw’omulimu gwe yakola mu LRA, [[:en:United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury|eggwanika lya Amerika]] lyassa envumbo ku Kony n’okusiba eby’obugagga bye mu Amerika nga 23 Ogwomunaana 2016 olw’okutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu eri abantu baabulijjo mu Central African Republic. Mu July wa 2005, [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|UPDF]] yagamba nti Ali ng’ali wamu ne Lakati Owor baakubibwa amasasi n'attibwa mu kulwanagana okwaliwo e Beyogoya ne Palabek. Wabula ensonga eno yali teyeesigamiziddwa ku bujulizi bumatiza, kubanga mu mwaka gwa 2017 yayogerwako ng'omuntu ayinza okusikira obukulembeze bwa LRA singa kitaawe yafa. === Okulekulira === Mu Gwomukaaga 2021, Ali yasalawo okuva mu LRA olw’obutakkaanya bwe yali alina ne kitaawe, eyateranga okulwana ne nnyina, era olw’okwagala okutandika obulamu obuggya wamu n’abaana be ne mukyala we. Ekiro bwe kyali kinaatera okutuuka, ye n’ab’omu maka ge baava mu nkambi y’e [[:en:Kafia_Kingi|Kafia Kingi]] okugenda e Songo kubanga tebaayagala kuleeta bweraliikirivu bwonna. bweyatuuka mu Songo,yatandika obulamu obuggya. Yafuuka omusuubuzi ng’alina amaduuka era ng’asuubula zzaabu n’enjaga ng’omutabaganya. Ng’oggyeeko okufuuka omusuubuzi, yakola ng’omulimi n’okuvuga takisi. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwokuna 2023, [[:en:Sudanese_civil_war_(2023–present)|olutalo lw’omunda]] lwabalukawo mu Sudan. Ng’ayanukula akavuyo kano, Ali n’ab’omu maka ge baasalawo okugenda e Juba. Wakati mu lugendo lw’e [[:en:Juba|Juba]], omu ku baana be yafuna omusujja. Oluvannyuma lwa wiiki eziwera nga batambula, baatuuka e Juba nga tebalina ssente. Ng’atuuse e Juba, Kony yagenda mu kitebe kya Uganda ne yeeyanjula ng’omusuubuzi e Sudan. Olwo ekitebe kya Uganda ne kiwa Kony olukusa lw’okutambula, ne bagenda e Gulu. Bwe yatuuka e Gulu nga 1 Ogwomusanvu, yabeera mu nnyumba epangisibwa ne famire ye. Ali ne famire ye baasisinkana [[Yoweri Museveni]] mu maka ge, [[Entebbe]] nga 25 Ogwomunaana 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba</ref> Mu lukiiko luno, Museveni yasuubiza nti yali waakuwa Ali ettaka eriweza yiika 30, ffaamu, n'ennyumba. Mu Gwomukaaga 2024, ye yayingira mu lusoma lw’okutendekebwa kw’Abaserikale abalina obumanyirivu obungi mu magye n'amadaala agasinga ku baserikale aba bulijjo, naye nga si ba Ofiisa abaweereddwa obuyinza obw’ekiragiro (SNCO), olwamala emyezi musanvu mu Gaddafi Military Barracks e Jinja. Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okutendekebwa, gavumenti teyamuwandiisa mu magye g'abaserikale. Kyokka, ebisuubizo bya pulezidenti byali tebinnatuukirira, era baali bakyalwana okwemanyiiza obulamu obuggya mu Gwokubiri 2025. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025, olupapula lwa ''The Times'' lwaloopa nti Ali yali akola nga ddereeva wa tuk-tuk era nga mulimi w’enva endiirwa, ate nga yeewala okweyoleka ennyo eri abantu. == Obulamu bwe == Kony mufumbo n’omukyala Omucongo ayitibwa Cecillia Akullu era abafumbo bano balina abaana bana. Amanyi bulungi Oluwarabu. == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ensengeka y’ebitabo == * . 1d1myr6qmuttiwufvss540z5di2tznk 65412 65411 2026-07-29T08:43:59Z Musuuza 11013 nyongeddeko akatwetwetwe 65412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ali Ssalongo Kony''' (yazaalibwa mu 1990) Munnayuganda munnamagye era yali mu kibiina kya LRA. Ono mutabani wa [[:en:Joseph_Kony|Joseph Kony]] . == Obulamu bwe == Ali Ssalongo Kony yazaalibwa e Gulu nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1994 nga bazadde be yali Joseph Kony ne Medina Akulu. Medina Akulu Mukyala wa Joseph Kony owookusatu. Yawambibwa mu mwaka gwa 1989. Ali nga awezezza emyezi mukaaga, Kony yamuwamba wamu ne nnyina n'abatwala mu kibira. Naye nnyina yali awakanya ekyo kubanga yali ayagala Ali akule ng'asoma. Yafuna obuzibu mu kuwulira olw'okulumizibwa kwe yafuna mu bulumbaganyi obwamutuukako ng'akyali mwana muto. Mu buto bwe, yakuzibwa wamu n'abaana ba Kony abaali bawera ekikumi. Yagamba nti Kony yali wa kisa eri abaana be era yabalabiriranga bulungi nnyo. <ref name="TNH">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> <ref name="ASK">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> === Memba wa LRA === Mu mwaka gwa 2005, Ali yayingira mu LRA mu butongole. Mu kiseera ekyo yagenda mu Democratic Republic of Congo gye yatendekerwa okukozesa ebyokulwanyisa wansi w'obuduumizi bwa Vincent Otti. Mu mwaka gwa 2009, yeetaba mu lutalo lwe olusooka ng'omulwanyi wa LRA. Yategeeza nti okuva olwo okutuusa lwe yava mu LRA mu mwaka gwa 2021, yategeeza nti yali amaze okulwana mu ntalo ezisukka mu kikumi, era takubwangako ssasi lyonna. Mu mwaka gwa 2012, bwe yali aweza emyaka 18 egy'obukulu, yafuuka omuduumizi wa bataaliyoni ya LRA oluvannyuma lw'okulinnyisibwa amangu mu ddaala ly'obukulembeze.(1) Oluvannyuma yalinnyisibwa n'afuuka Brigadier, era n'aweebwa amannya g'olutalo agaali 'Caesar' ne 'Bashir'. Yalina abakuumi be abasatu. Ng'oggyeeko obuduumizi bwe mu LRA, yali yeenyigira mu busuubuzi, ng'agula amasanga, zaabu, n'enjaga okuva mu bayizzi, abasuubuzi, n'abalimi, era n'abitunda eri abasuubuzi abakulu mu Songo. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> ALipoota ya Minisitule y'ebyensimbi eya Amerika (US Treasury) yalaga nti Kony yaweebwa omulimu gw'okuteesa ku miwendo gy'amasanga era n'okulabirira engeri gye gaagabanyizibwamu ne gatuusibwa eri Joseph Kony okusobola okugatunda. Okuyitira mu busuubuzi bw’amasanga, ebibinja ebyo byafuna ebyokulwanyisa, emmere, n’amasasi. <ref name="KAF">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Ng’oggyeeko ekyo, era yaweereza nga minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru w’ekibiina kino, gye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kukola endagaano etali ya bulumbaganyi, okuwanyisiganya obukessi, n’okusuubulagana n’abajaasi abalala abaali bakutte emmundu abaali bataayaaya mu bitundu bya LRA. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwekkumi 2014, kigambibwa nti Ali yali agenda kwongera okwenyigira mu nteekateeka y’emirimu gya LRA.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Olw’omulimu gwe yakola mu LRA, [[:en:United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury|eggwanika lya Amerika]] lyassa envumbo ku Kony n’okusiba eby’obugagga bye mu Amerika nga 23 Ogwomunaana 2016 olw’okutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu eri abantu baabulijjo mu Central African Republic. Mu July wa 2005, [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|UPDF]] yagamba nti Ali ng’ali wamu ne Lakati Owor baakubibwa amasasi n'attibwa mu kulwanagana okwaliwo e Beyogoya ne Palabek. Wabula ensonga eno yali teyeesigamiziddwa ku bujulizi bumatiza, kubanga mu mwaka gwa 2017 yayogerwako ng'omuntu ayinza okusikira obukulembeze bwa LRA singa kitaawe yafa. === Okulekulira === Mu Gwomukaaga 2021, Ali yasalawo okuva mu LRA olw’obutakkaanya bwe yali alina ne kitaawe, eyateranga okulwana ne nnyina, era olw’okwagala okutandika obulamu obuggya wamu n’abaana be ne mukyala we. Ekiro bwe kyali kinaatera okutuuka, ye n’ab’omu maka ge baava mu nkambi y’e [[:en:Kafia_Kingi|Kafia Kingi]] okugenda e Songo kubanga tebaayagala kuleeta bweraliikirivu bwonna. bweyatuuka mu Songo,yatandika obulamu obuggya. Yafuuka omusuubuzi ng’alina amaduuka era ng’asuubula zzaabu n’enjaga ng’omutabaganya. Ng’oggyeeko okufuuka omusuubuzi, yakola ng’omulimi n’okuvuga takisi. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwokuna 2023, [[:en:Sudanese_civil_war_(2023–present)|olutalo lw’omunda]] lwabalukawo mu Sudan. Ng’ayanukula akavuyo kano, Ali n’ab’omu maka ge baasalawo okugenda e Juba. Wakati mu lugendo lw’e [[:en:Juba|Juba]], omu ku baana be yafuna omusujja. Oluvannyuma lwa wiiki eziwera nga batambula, baatuuka e Juba nga tebalina ssente. Ng’atuuse e Juba, Kony yagenda mu kitebe kya Uganda ne yeeyanjula ng’omusuubuzi e Sudan. Olwo ekitebe kya Uganda ne kiwa Kony olukusa lw’okutambula, ne bagenda e Gulu. Bwe yatuuka e Gulu nga 1 Ogwomusanvu, yabeera mu nnyumba epangisibwa ne famire ye. === Oluvannyuma lw'okulekulira === Ali ne famire ye baasisinkana [[Yoweri Museveni]] mu maka ge, [[Entebbe]] nga 25 Ogwomunaana 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba</ref> Mu lukiiko luno, Museveni yasuubiza nti yali waakuwa Ali ettaka eriweza yiika 30, ffaamu, n'ennyumba. Mu Gwomukaaga 2024, ye yayingira mu lusoma lw’okutendekebwa kw’Abaserikale abalina obumanyirivu obungi mu magye n'amadaala agasinga ku baserikale aba bulijjo, naye nga si ba Ofiisa abaweereddwa obuyinza obw’ekiragiro (SNCO), olwamala emyezi musanvu mu Gaddafi Military Barracks e Jinja. Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okutendekebwa, gavumenti teyamuwandiisa mu magye g'abaserikale. Kyokka, ebisuubizo bya pulezidenti byali tebinnatuukirira, era baali bakyalwana okwemanyiiza obulamu obuggya mu Gwokubiri 2025. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025, olupapula lwa ''The Times'' lwaloopa nti Ali yali akola nga ddereeva wa tuk-tuk era nga mulimi w’enva endiirwa, ate nga yeewala okweyoleka ennyo eri abantu. == Obulamu bwe == Kony mufumbo n’omukyala Omucongo ayitibwa Cecillia Akullu era abafumbo bano balina abaana bana. Amanyi bulungi Oluwarabu. == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ensengeka y’ebitabo == * . dzksdjuzz3wnsglkcih351b12von6t7 65413 65412 2026-07-29T08:53:07Z Musuuza 11013 ntereezezza ku mpandiika n'okutereeza ensobi 65413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ali Ssalongo Kony''' (yazaalibwa mu 1990) Munnayuganda munnamagye era yali mu kibiina kya LRA. Ono mutabani wa [[:en:Joseph_Kony|Joseph Kony]] . == Obulamu bwe == Ali Ssalongo Kony yazaalibwa e Gulu nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1994 nga bazadde be yali Joseph Kony ne Medina Akulu. Medina Akulu Mukyala wa Joseph Kony owookusatu. Yawambibwa mu mwaka gwa 1989. Ali nga awezezza emyezi mukaaga, Kony yamuwamba wamu ne nnyina n'abatwala mu kibira. Naye nnyina yali awakanya ekyo kubanga yali ayagala Ali akule ng'asoma. Yafuna obuzibu mu kuwulira olw'okulumizibwa kwe yafuna mu bulumbaganyi obwamutuukako ng'akyali mwana muto. Mu buto bwe, yakuzibwa wamu n'abaana ba Kony abaali bawera ekikumi. Yagamba nti Kony yali wa kisa eri abaana be era yabalabiriranga bulungi nnyo. <ref name="TNH">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> <ref name="ASK">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> === Memba wa LRA === Mu mwaka gwa 2005, Ali yayingira mu LRA mu butongole. Mu kiseera ekyo yagenda mu Democratic Republic of Congo gye yatendekerwa okukozesa ebyokulwanyisa wansi w'obuduumizi bwa Vincent Otti. Mu mwaka gwa 2009, yeetaba mu lutalo lwe olusooka ng'omulwanyi wa LRA. Yategeeza nti okuva olwo okutuusa lwe yava mu LRA mu mwaka gwa 2021, yategeeza nti yali amaze okulwana mu ntalo ezisukka mu kikumi, era takubwangako ssasi lyonna. Mu mwaka gwa 2012, bwe yali aweza emyaka 18 egy'obukulu, yafuuka omuduumizi wa bataaliyoni ya LRA oluvannyuma lw'okulinnyisibwa amangu mu ddaala ly'obukulembeze.(1) Oluvannyuma yalinnyisibwa n'afuuka Brigadier, era n'aweebwa amannya g'olutalo agaali 'Caesar' ne 'Bashir'. Yalina abakuumi be abasatu. Ng'oggyeeko obuduumizi bwe mu LRA, yali yeenyigira mu busuubuzi, ng'agula amasanga, zaabu, n'enjaga okuva mu bayizzi, abasuubuzi, n'abalimi, era n'abitunda eri abasuubuzi abakulu mu Songo. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> ALipoota ya Minisitule y'ebyensimbi eya Amerika (US Treasury) yalaga nti Kony yaweebwa omulimu gw'okuteesa ku miwendo gy'amasanga era n'okulabirira engeri gye gaagabanyizibwamu ne gatuusibwa eri Joseph Kony okusobola okugatunda. Okuyitira mu busuubuzi bw’amasanga, ebibinja ebyo byafuna ebyokulwanyisa, emmere, n’amasasi. <ref name="KAF">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Ng’oggyeeko ekyo, era yaweereza nga minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru w’ekibiina kino, gye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kukola endagaano etali ya bulumbaganyi, okuwanyisiganya obukessi, n’okusuubulagana n’abajaasi abalala abaali bakutte emmundu abaali bataayaaya mu bitundu bya LRA. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwekkumi 2014, kigambibwa nti Ali yali agenda kwongera okwenyigira mu nteekateeka y’emirimu gya LRA.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Olw’omulimu gwe yakola mu LRA, [[:en:United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury|eggwanika lya Amerika]] lyassa envumbo ku Kony n’okusiba eby’obugagga bye mu Amerika nga 23 Ogwomunaana 2016 olw’okutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu eri abantu baabulijjo mu Central African Republic. Mu July wa 2005, [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|UPDF]] yagamba nti Ali ng’ali wamu ne Lakati Owor baakubibwa amasasi n'attibwa mu kulwanagana okwaliwo e Beyogoya ne Palabek. Wabula ensonga eno yali teyeesigamiziddwa ku bujulizi bumatiza, kubanga mu mwaka gwa 2017 yayogerwako ng'omuntu ayinza okusikira obukulembeze bwa LRA singa kitaawe yafa. === Okulekulira === Mu Gwomukaaga 2021, Ali yasalawo okuva mu LRA olw’obutakkaanya bwe yali alina ne kitaawe, eyateranga okulwana ne nnyina, era olw’okwagala okutandika obulamu obuggya wamu n’abaana be ne mukyala we. Ekiro bwe kyali kinaatera okutuuka, ye n’ab’omu maka ge baava mu nkambi y’e [[:en:Kafia_Kingi|Kafia Kingi]] okugenda e Songo kubanga tebaayagala kuleeta bweraliikirivu bwonna. bweyatuuka mu Songo,yatandika obulamu obuggya. Yafuuka omusuubuzi ng’alina amaduuka era ng’asuubula zzaabu n’enjaga ng’omutabaganya. Ng’oggyeeko okufuuka omusuubuzi, yakola ng’omulimi n’okuvuga takisi. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwokuna 2023, [[:en:Sudanese_civil_war_(2023–present)|olutalo lw’omunda]] lwabalukawo mu Sudan. Ng’ayanukula akavuyo kano, Ali n’ab’omu maka ge baasalawo okugenda e Juba. Wakati mu lugendo lw’e [[:en:Juba|Juba]], omu ku baana be yafuna omusujja. Oluvannyuma lwa wiiki eziwera nga batambula, baatuuka e Juba nga tebalina ssente. Ng’atuuse e Juba, Kony yagenda mu kitebe kya Uganda ne yeeyanjula ng’omusuubuzi e Sudan. Olwo ekitebe kya Uganda ne kiwa Kony olukusa lw’okutambula, ne bagenda e Gulu. Bwe yatuuka e Gulu nga 1 Ogwomusanvu, yabeera mu nnyumba epangisibwa ne famire ye. === Oluvannyuma lw'okulekulira === Ali ne famire ye baasisinkana [[Yoweri Museveni]] mu maka ge, [[Entebbe]] nga 25 Ogwomunaana 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba</ref> Mu lukiiko luno, Museveni yasuubiza nti yali waakuwa Ali ettaka eriweza yiika 30, ffaamu, n'ennyumba. Mu Gwomukaaga 2024, ye yayingira mu lusoma lw’okutendekebwa kw’Abaserikale abalina obumanyirivu obungi mu magye n'amadaala agasinga ku baserikale aba bulijjo, naye nga si ba Ofiisa abaweereddwa obuyinza obw’ekiragiro (SNCO), olwamala emyezi musanvu mu Gaddafi Military Barracks e Jinja. Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okutendekebwa, gavumenti teyamuwandiisa mu magye g'abaserikale. Kyokka, ebisuubizo bya pulezidenti byali tebinnatuukirira, era baali bakyalwana okwemanyiiza obulamu obuggya mu Gwokubiri 2025. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025, olupapula lwa ''The Times'' lwaloopa nti Ali yali akola nga ddereeva wa tuk-tuk era nga mulimi w’enva endiirwa, ate nga yeewala okweyoleka ennyo eri abantu. == Obulamu bwe == Kony mufumbo n’omukyala Omucongo ayitibwa Cecillia Akullu era abafumbo bano balina abaana bana. Amanyi bulungi olulimi Oluwarabu. == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ebiwandiiko ebyakozesebwa == * Cakaj, Ledio (4 November 2015). Tusk wars: Inside the LRA and the Bloody Business Ivory (PDF) (Report). lq8fcluy68rd1qac9o8gwsaekjblt94 65414 65413 2026-07-29T08:58:23Z Musuuza 11013 ntereezezza ku mpandiika 65414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ali Ssalongo Kony''' (yazaalibwa mu 1990) Munnayuganda omukambwe mu by’obufuzi bw’emmundu, eyava mu LRA, era akola nga ddereeva wa tuk-tuk. Ye mwana wa Joseph Kony. == Obulamu bwe == Ali Ssalongo Kony yazaalibwa e Gulu nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1994 nga bazadde be yali Joseph Kony ne Medina Akulu. Medina Akulu Mukyala wa Joseph Kony owookusatu. Yawambibwa mu mwaka gwa 1989. Ali nga awezezza emyezi mukaaga, Kony yamuwamba wamu ne nnyina n'abatwala mu kibira. Naye nnyina yali awakanya ekyo kubanga yali ayagala Ali akule ng'asoma. Yafuna obuzibu mu kuwulira olw'okulumizibwa kwe yafuna mu bulumbaganyi obwamutuukako ng'akyali mwana muto. Mu buto bwe, yakuzibwa wamu n'abaana ba Kony abaali bawera ekikumi. Yagamba nti Kony yali wa kisa eri abaana be era yabalabiriranga bulungi nnyo. <ref name="TNH">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> <ref name="ASK">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> === Memba wa LRA === Mu mwaka gwa 2005, Ali yayingira mu LRA mu butongole. Mu kiseera ekyo yagenda mu Democratic Republic of Congo gye yatendekerwa okukozesa ebyokulwanyisa wansi w'obuduumizi bwa Vincent Otti. Mu mwaka gwa 2009, yeetaba mu lutalo lwe olusooka ng'omulwanyi wa LRA. Yategeeza nti okuva olwo okutuusa lwe yava mu LRA mu mwaka gwa 2021, yategeeza nti yali amaze okulwana mu ntalo ezisukka mu kikumi, era takubwangako ssasi lyonna. Mu mwaka gwa 2012, bwe yali aweza emyaka 18 egy'obukulu, yafuuka omuduumizi wa bataaliyoni ya LRA oluvannyuma lw'okulinnyisibwa amangu mu ddaala ly'obukulembeze.(1) Oluvannyuma yalinnyisibwa n'afuuka Brigadier, era n'aweebwa amannya g'olutalo agaali 'Caesar' ne 'Bashir'. Yalina abakuumi be abasatu. Ng'oggyeeko obuduumizi bwe mu LRA, yali yeenyigira mu busuubuzi, ng'agula amasanga, zaabu, n'enjaga okuva mu bayizzi, abasuubuzi, n'abalimi, era n'abitunda eri abasuubuzi abakulu mu Songo. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> ALipoota ya Minisitule y'ebyensimbi eya Amerika (US Treasury) yalaga nti Kony yaweebwa omulimu gw'okuteesa ku miwendo gy'amasanga era n'okulabirira engeri gye gaagabanyizibwamu ne gatuusibwa eri Joseph Kony okusobola okugatunda. Okuyitira mu busuubuzi bw’amasanga, ebibinja ebyo byafuna ebyokulwanyisa, emmere, n’amasasi. <ref name="KAF">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Ng’oggyeeko ekyo, era yaweereza nga minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru w’ekibiina kino, gye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kukola endagaano etali ya bulumbaganyi, okuwanyisiganya obukessi, n’okusuubulagana n’abajaasi abalala abaali bakutte emmundu abaali bataayaaya mu bitundu bya LRA. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwekkumi 2014, kigambibwa nti Ali yali agenda kwongera okwenyigira mu nteekateeka y’emirimu gya LRA.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Olw’omulimu gwe yakola mu LRA, [[:en:United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury|eggwanika lya Amerika]] lyassa envumbo ku Kony n’okusiba eby’obugagga bye mu Amerika nga 23 Ogwomunaana 2016 olw’okutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu eri abantu baabulijjo mu Central African Republic. Mu July wa 2005, [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|UPDF]] yagamba nti Ali ng’ali wamu ne Lakati Owor baakubibwa amasasi n'attibwa mu kulwanagana okwaliwo e Beyogoya ne Palabek. Wabula ensonga eno yali teyeesigamiziddwa ku bujulizi bumatiza, kubanga mu mwaka gwa 2017 yayogerwako ng'omuntu ayinza okusikira obukulembeze bwa LRA singa kitaawe yafa. === Okulekulira === Mu Gwomukaaga 2021, Ali yasalawo okuva mu LRA olw’obutakkaanya bwe yali alina ne kitaawe, eyateranga okulwana ne nnyina, era olw’okwagala okutandika obulamu obuggya wamu n’abaana be ne mukyala we. Ekiro bwe kyali kinaatera okutuuka, ye n’ab’omu maka ge baava mu nkambi y’e [[:en:Kafia_Kingi|Kafia Kingi]] okugenda e Songo kubanga tebaayagala kuleeta bweraliikirivu bwonna. bweyatuuka mu Songo,yatandika obulamu obuggya. Yafuuka omusuubuzi ng’alina amaduuka era ng’asuubula zzaabu n’enjaga ng’omutabaganya. Ng’oggyeeko okufuuka omusuubuzi, yakola ng’omulimi n’okuvuga takisi. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwokuna 2023, [[:en:Sudanese_civil_war_(2023–present)|olutalo lw’omunda]] lwabalukawo mu Sudan. Ng’ayanukula akavuyo kano, Ali n’ab’omu maka ge baasalawo okugenda e Juba. Wakati mu lugendo lw’e [[:en:Juba|Juba]], omu ku baana be yafuna omusujja. Oluvannyuma lwa wiiki eziwera nga batambula, baatuuka e Juba nga tebalina ssente. Ng’atuuse e Juba, Kony yagenda mu kitebe kya Uganda ne yeeyanjula ng’omusuubuzi e Sudan. Olwo ekitebe kya Uganda ne kiwa Kony olukusa lw’okutambula, ne bagenda e Gulu. Bwe yatuuka e Gulu nga 1 Ogwomusanvu, yabeera mu nnyumba epangisibwa ne famire ye. === Oluvannyuma lw'okulekulira === Ali ne famire ye baasisinkana [[Yoweri Museveni]] mu maka ge, [[Entebbe]] nga 25 Ogwomunaana 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba</ref> Mu lukiiko luno, Museveni yasuubiza nti yali waakuwa Ali ettaka eriweza yiika 30, ffaamu, n'ennyumba. Mu Gwomukaaga 2024, ye yayingira mu lusoma lw’okutendekebwa kw’Abaserikale abalina obumanyirivu obungi mu magye n'amadaala agasinga ku baserikale aba bulijjo, naye nga si ba Ofiisa abaweereddwa obuyinza obw’ekiragiro (SNCO), olwamala emyezi musanvu mu Gaddafi Military Barracks e Jinja. Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okutendekebwa, gavumenti teyamuwandiisa mu magye g'abaserikale. Kyokka, ebisuubizo bya pulezidenti byali tebinnatuukirira, era baali bakyalwana okwemanyiiza obulamu obuggya mu Gwokubiri 2025. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025, olupapula lwa ''The Times'' lwaloopa nti Ali yali akola nga ddereeva wa tuk-tuk era nga mulimi w’enva endiirwa, ate nga yeewala okweyoleka ennyo eri abantu. == Obulamu bwe == Kony mufumbo n’omukyala Omucongo ayitibwa Cecillia Akullu era abafumbo bano balina abaana bana. Amanyi bulungi olulimi Oluwarabu. == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ebiwandiiko ebyakozesebwa == * Cakaj, Ledio (4 November 2015). Tusk wars: Inside the LRA and the Bloody Business Ivory (PDF) (Report). 2p8qb7tr12dgs8ydfqya6f3zargc3bi 65419 65414 2026-07-29T09:12:30Z Musuuza 11013 nyongeddemu obutindo 65419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ali Ssalongo Kony''' (yazaalibwa mu 1990) Munnayuganda omukambwe mu by’obufuzi bw’emmundu, eyava mu LRA, era akola nga ddereeva wa [[tuk-tuk]]. Ye mwana wa [[Joseph Kony]]. == Obulamu bwe == Ali Ssalongo Kony yazaalibwa e Gulu nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1994 nga bazadde be yali Joseph Kony ne Medina Akulu. Medina Akulu Mukyala wa Joseph Kony owookusatu. Yawambibwa mu mwaka gwa 1989. Ali nga awezezza emyezi mukaaga, Kony yamuwamba wamu ne nnyina n'abatwala mu kibira. Naye nnyina yali awakanya ekyo kubanga yali ayagala Ali akule ng'asoma. Yafuna obuzibu mu kuwulira olw'okulumizibwa kwe yafuna mu bulumbaganyi obwamutuukako ng'akyali mwana muto. Mu buto bwe, yakuzibwa wamu n'abaana ba Kony abaali bawera ekikumi. Yagamba nti Kony yali wa kisa eri abaana be era yabalabiriranga bulungi nnyo. <ref name="TNH">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> <ref name="ASK">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> === Memba wa LRA === Mu mwaka gwa 2005, Ali yayingira mu LRA mu butongole. Mu kiseera ekyo yagenda mu Democratic Republic of Congo gye yatendekerwa okukozesa ebyokulwanyisa wansi w'obuduumizi bwa [[Vincent Otti]]. Mu mwaka gwa 2009, yeetaba mu lutalo lwe olusooka ng'omulwanyi wa LRA. Yategeeza nti okuva olwo okutuusa lwe yava mu LRA mu mwaka gwa 2021, yategeeza nti yali amaze okulwana mu ntalo ezisukka mu kikumi, era takubwangako ssasi lyonna. Mu mwaka gwa 2012, bwe yali aweza emyaka 18 egy'obukulu, yafuuka omuduumizi wa bataaliyoni ya LRA oluvannyuma lw'okulinnyisibwa amangu mu ddaala ly'obukulembeze.(1) Oluvannyuma yalinnyisibwa n'afuuka Brigadier, era n'aweebwa amannya g'olutalo agaali 'Caesar' ne 'Bashir'. Yalina abakuumi be abasatu. Ng'oggyeeko obuduumizi bwe mu LRA, yali yeenyigira mu busuubuzi, ng'agula amasanga, zaabu, n'enjaga okuva mu bayizzi, abasuubuzi, n'abalimi, era n'abitunda eri abasuubuzi abakulu mu Songo. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> ALipoota ya Minisitule y'ebyensimbi eya Amerika (US Treasury) yalaga nti Kony yaweebwa omulimu gw'okuteesa ku miwendo gy'amasanga era n'okulabirira engeri gye gaagabanyizibwamu ne gatuusibwa eri Joseph Kony okusobola okugatunda. Okuyitira mu busuubuzi bw’amasanga, ebibinja ebyo byafuna ebyokulwanyisa, emmere, n’amasasi. <ref name="KAF">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Ng’oggyeeko okuba omusuubuzi, era yaweereza nga minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru w’ekibiina kino, gye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kukola endagaano etali ya bulumbaganyi, okuwanyisiganya obukessi, n’okusuubulagana n’abajaasi abalala abaali bakutte emmundu abaali bataayaaya mu bitundu bya LRA. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwekkumi 2014, kigambibwa nti Ali yali agenda kwongera okwenyigira mu nteekateeka y’emirimu gya LRA.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony</ref> Olw’omulimu gwe yakola mu LRA, [[eggwanika lya Amerika]] lyassa envumbo ku Kony n’okusiba eby’obugagga bye mu Amerika nga 23 Ogwomunaana 2016 olw’okutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu eri abantu baabulijjo mu Central African Republic. Mu July wa 2005, [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|UPDF]] yagamba nti Ali ng’ali wamu ne Lakati Owor baakubibwa amasasi n'attibwa mu kulwanagana okwaliwo e Beyogoya ne Palabek. Wabula ensonga eno yali teyeesigamiziddwa ku bujulizi bumatiza, kubanga mu mwaka gwa 2017 yayogerwako ng'omuntu ayinza okusikira obukulembeze bwa LRA singa kitaawe yafa. === Okulekulira === Mu Gwomukaaga 2021, Ali yasalawo okuva mu LRA olw’obutakkaanya bwe yali alina ne kitaawe, eyateranga okulwana ne nnyina, era olw’okwagala okutandika obulamu obuggya wamu n’abaana be ne mukyala we. Ekiro bwe kyali kinaatera okutuuka, ye n’ab’omu maka ge baava mu nkambi y’e [[Kafia Kingi]] okugenda e Songo kubanga tebaayagala kuleeta bweraliikirivu bwonna. bweyatuuka mu Songo,yatandika obulamu obuggya. Yafuuka omusuubuzi ng’alina amaduuka era ng’asuubula zzaabu n’enjaga ng’omutabaganya. Ng’oggyeeko okufuuka omusuubuzi, yakola ng’omulimi n’okuvuga takisi. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwokuna 2023, [[olutalo lw’omunda]] lwabalukawo mu Sudan. Ng’ayanukula akavuyo kano, Ali n’ab’omu maka ge baasalawo okugenda e Juba. Wakati mu lugendo lw’e [[Juba]], omu ku baana be yafuna omusujja. Oluvannyuma lwa wiiki eziwera nga batambula, baatuuka e Juba nga tebalina ssente. Ng’atuuse e Juba, Kony yagenda mu kitebe kya Uganda ne yeeyanjula ng’omusuubuzi e Sudan. Olwo ekitebe kya Uganda ne kiwa Kony olukusa lw’okutambula, ne bagenda e Gulu. Bwe yatuuka e Gulu nga 1 Ogwomusanvu, yabeera mu nnyumba epangisibwa ne famire ye. === Oluvannyuma lw'okulekulira === Ali ne famire ye baasisinkana [[Yoweri Museveni]] mu maka ge, [[Entebbe]] nga 25 Ogwomunaana 2023.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juba</ref> Mu lukiiko luno, Museveni yasuubiza nti yali waakuwa Ali ettaka eriweza yiika 30, ffaamu, n'ennyumba. Mu Gwomukaaga 2024, ye yayingira mu lusoma lw’okutendekebwa kw’Abaserikale abalina obumanyirivu obungi mu magye n'amadaala agasinga ku baserikale aba bulijjo, naye nga si ba Ofiisa abaweereddwa obuyinza obw’ekiragiro (SNCO), olwamala emyezi musanvu mu Gaddafi Military Barracks e [[Jinja]]. Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okutendekebwa, gavumenti teyamuwandiisa mu magye g'abaserikale. Kyokka, ebisuubizo bya pulezidenti byali tebinnatuukirira, era baali bakyalwana okwemanyiiza obulamu obuggya mu Gwokubiri 2025. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025, olupapula lwa ''[[The Times]]'' lwaloopa nti Ali yali akola nga ddereeva wa tuk-tuk era nga mulimi w’enva endiirwa, ate nga yeewala okweyoleka ennyo eri abantu. == Obulamu bwe == Kony mufumbo n’omukyala Omucongo ayitibwa Cecillia Akullu era abafumbo bano balina abaana bana. Amanyi bulungi olulimi Oluwarabu. == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ebiwandiiko ebyakozesebwa == * Cakaj, Ledio (4 November 2015). Tusk wars: Inside the LRA and the Bloody Business Ivory (PDF) (Report). mvg13at03bruqg5y5u6hbatiwq6ajf9 65422 65419 2026-07-29T09:58:59Z Musuuza 11013 ntaddeko ebijuliziddwa 65422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ali Ssalongo Kony''' (yazaalibwa mu 1990) Munnayuganda omukambwe mu by’obufuzi bw’emmundu, eyava mu LRA, era akola nga ddereeva wa [[tuk-tuk]]. Ye mwana wa [[Joseph Kony]]. == Obulamu bwe == Ali Ssalongo Kony yazaalibwa e Gulu nga 1 Ogwolubereberye 1994 nga bazadde be yali Joseph Kony ne Medina Akulu. Medina Akulu Mukyala wa Joseph Kony owookusatu. Yawambibwa mu mwaka gwa 1989. Ali nga awezezza emyezi mukaaga, Kony yamuwamba wamu ne nnyina n'abatwala mu kibira. Naye nnyina yali awakanya ekyo kubanga yali ayagala Ali akule ng'asoma. Yafuna obuzibu mu kuwulira olw'okulumizibwa kwe yafuna mu bulumbaganyi obwamutuukako ng'akyali mwana muto. Mu buto bwe, yakuzibwa wamu n'abaana ba Kony abaali bawera ekikumi. Yagamba nti Kony yali wa kisa eri abaana be era yabalabiriranga bulungi nnyo.<ref name="Bashir">{{cite web |last1=Assheton |first1=Richard |title=Kony 2025: the viral warlord’s son on fleeing Joseph Kony’s camp |url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/africa/article/joseph-kony-son-ali-lra-atrocities-2012-uganda-m7c2vm0n5 |access-date=13 June 2026 |website=thetimes.com |publisher=The Times}}</ref><ref name="ASK2">{{cite web |last1=URN |first1=URN |date=31 August 2023 |title=Why LRA leader, son parted ways |url=https://www.independent.co.ug/why-lra-leader-son-parted-ways/ |access-date=27 May 2025 |website=independent.co.ug |publisher=The Independent}}</ref> === Memba wa LRA === Mu mwaka gwa 2005, Ali yayingira mu LRA mu butongole. Mu kiseera ekyo yagenda mu Democratic Republic of Congo gye yatendekerwa okukozesa ebyokulwanyisa wansi w'obuduumizi bwa [[Vincent Otti]]. Mu mwaka gwa 2009, yeetaba mu lutalo lwe olusooka ng'omulwanyi wa LRA. Yategeeza nti okuva olwo okutuusa lwe yava mu LRA mu mwaka gwa 2021, yategeeza nti yali amaze okulwana mu ntalo ezisukka mu kikumi, era takubwangako ssasi lyonna. Mu mwaka gwa 2012, bwe yali aweza emyaka 18 egy'obukulu, yafuuka omuduumizi wa bataaliyoni ya LRA oluvannyuma lw'okulinnyisibwa amangu mu ddaala ly'obukulembeze.<ref name="Bashir" /> Oluvannyuma yalinnyisibwa n'afuuka Brigadier, era n'aweebwa amannya g'olutalo agaali 'Caesar' ne 'Bashir'. Yalina abakuumi be abasatu. Ng'oggyeeko obuduumizi bwe mu LRA, yali yeenyigira mu busuubuzi, ng'agula amasanga, zaabu, n'enjaga okuva mu bayizzi, abasuubuzi, n'abalimi, era n'abitunda eri abasuubuzi abakulu mu Songo.<ref name="TNH2">{{cite web |last1=Titeca |first1=Kristof |date=24 February 2025 |title=Ali Kony and the twilight of the Lord's Resistance Army |url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/feature/2025/02/24/ali-kony-and-twilight-lords-resistance-army |access-date=27 May 2025 |website=thenewhumanitarian.org |publisher=The New Humanitarian}}</ref><ref name="KAF">[[:en:Ali_Kony#CITEREFCakaj2015|Cakaj 2015]], p.&#x20;3.</ref><ref name="TNH">[[:en:Ali_Kony#CITEREFCakaj2015|Cakaj 2015]], p.&#x20;6.</ref> ALipoota ya Minisitule y'ebyensimbi eya Amerika (US Treasury) yalaga nti Kony yaweebwa omulimu gw'okuteesa ku miwendo gy'amasanga era n'okulabirira engeri gye gaagabanyizibwamu ne gatuusibwa eri Joseph Kony okusobola okugatunda. Okuyitira mu busuubuzi bw’amasanga, ebibinja ebyo byafuna ebyokulwanyisa, emmere, n’amasasi.<ref name=":0">Department of Treasury, Department of Treasury (8 February 2025). [https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jl0538 "Treasury Sanctions Lord's Resistance Army Commanders Salim and Ali Kony"]. ''home.treasury.gov''. US Department of Treasury. Retrieved 27 May 2025.</ref> Ng’oggyeeko okuba omusuubuzi, era yaweereza nga minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru w’ekibiina kino, gye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kukola endagaano etali ya bulumbaganyi, okuwanyisiganya obukessi, n’okusuubulagana n’abajaasi abalala abaali bakutte emmundu abaali bataayaaya mu bitundu bya LRA.<ref name="TNH2" /> Mu Gwekkumi 2014, kigambibwa nti Ali yali agenda kwongera okwenyigira mu nteekateeka y’emirimu gya LRA.<ref name=":1" /> Olw’omulimu gwe yakola mu LRA, [[eggwanika lya Amerika]] lyassa envumbo ku Kony n’okusiba eby’obugagga bye mu Amerika nga 23 Ogwomunaana 2016 olw’okutyoboola eddembe ly’obuntu eri abantu baabulijjo mu Central African Republic.<ref name=":0" /> Mu Gwomusanvu 2005, [[Eggye lya Uganda People's Defense Force|UPDF]] yagamba nti Ali ng’ali wamu ne Lakati Owor baakubibwa amasasi n'attibwa mu kulwanagana okwaliwo e Beyogoya ne Palabek. Wabula ensonga eno yali teyeesigamiziddwa ku bujulizi bumatiza, kubanga mu mwaka gwa 2017 yayogerwako ng'omuntu ayinza okusikira obukulembeze bwa LRA singa kitaawe yafa. === Okulekulira === Mu Gwomukaaga 2021, Ali yasalawo okuva mu LRA olw’obutakkaanya bwe yali alina ne kitaawe, eyateranga okulwana ne nnyina, era olw’okwagala okutandika obulamu obuggya wamu n’abaana be ne mukyala we. Ekiro bwe kyali kinaatera okutuuka, ye n’ab’omu maka ge baava mu nkambi y’e [[Kafia Kingi]] okugenda e Songo kubanga tebaayagala kuleeta bweraliikirivu bwonna. bweyatuuka mu Songo,yatandika obulamu obuggya. Yafuuka omusuubuzi ng’alina amaduuka era ng’asuubula zzaabu n’enjaga ng’omutabaganya. Ng’oggyeeko okufuuka omusuubuzi, yakola ng’omulimi n’okuvuga takisi. <ref name="TNH" /> Mu Gwokuna 2023, [[olutalo lw’omunda]] lwabalukawo mu Sudan. Ng’ayanukula akavuyo kano, Ali n’ab’omu maka ge baasalawo okugenda e Juba. Wakati mu lugendo lw’e [[Juba]], omu ku baana be yafuna omusujja. Oluvannyuma lwa wiiki eziwera nga batambula, baatuuka e Juba nga tebalina ssente. Ng’atuuse e Juba, Kony yagenda mu kitebe kya Uganda ne yeeyanjula ng’omusuubuzi e Sudan. Olwo ekitebe kya Uganda ne kiwa Kony olukusa lw’okutambula, ne bagenda e Gulu. Bwe yatuuka e Gulu nga 1 Ogwomusanvu, yabeera mu nnyumba epangisibwa ne famire ye. === Oluvannyuma lw'okulekulira === Ali ne famire ye baasisinkana [[Yoweri Museveni]] mu maka ge, [[Entebbe]] nga 25 Ogwomunaana 2023.<ref name=":1">Monitor, Monitor (21 January 2021). [https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/kony-shifts-lra-top-command-to-his-sons-1589424 "Kony shifts LRA top command to his sons"]. ''monitor.co.ug''. Monitor. Retrieved 27 May 2025.</ref> Mu lukiiko luno, Museveni yasuubiza nti yali waakuwa Ali ettaka eriweza yiika 30, ffaamu, n'ennyumba. Mu Gwomukaaga 2024, ye yayingira mu lusoma lw’okutendekebwa kw’Abaserikale abalina obumanyirivu obungi mu magye n'amadaala agasinga ku baserikale aba bulijjo, naye nga si ba Ofiisa abaweereddwa obuyinza obw’ekiragiro (SNCO), olwamala emyezi musanvu mu Gaddafi Military Barracks e [[Jinja]]. Oluvannyuma lw’okumaliriza okutendekebwa, gavumenti teyamuwandiisa mu magye g'abaserikale. Kyokka, ebisuubizo bya pulezidenti byali tebinnatuukirira, era baali bakyalwana okwemanyiiza obulamu obuggya mu Gwokubiri 2025. Mu Gwekkuminoogumu 2025, olupapula lwa ''[[The Times]]'' lwaloopa nti Ali yali akola nga ddereeva wa tuk-tuk era nga mulimi w’enva endiirwa, ate nga yeewala okweyoleka ennyo eri abantu. == Obulamu bwe == Kony mufumbo n’omukyala Omucongo ayitibwa Cecillia Akullu era abafumbo bano balina abaana bana. Amanyi bulungi olulimi Oluwarabu. == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ebiwandiiko ebyakozesebwa == * Cakaj, Ledio (4 November 2015). Tusk wars: Inside the LRA and the Bloody Business Ivory (PDF) (Report). 6m341yz2na7sjh95pzayab5sqdfxqmu 0 12118 65372 54382 2026-07-28T16:58:59Z Kisakye Jane 9195 nterezezaamu mu kiwandiiko 65372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Brenda''' '''Katwesigye Baganzi''' [[:en:Ugandan|Munnayuganda]] [[:en:Telecom_engineer|yinginiya w'eby'empuliziganya]], mutandisi w'emirimu, omuyiiya wa [[:en:Technology|tekinologiya]], [[:en:Chief_executive_officer|akulira emirimu]] era ye mutandisi wa kkampuni ya Wazi Vision Uganda eyasooka okukola dizayini n'okukola [[:en:Eyewear|gaalubindi]] okuva mu [[:en:Recycled_plastic|buveera obuzzeemu okukozesebwa]] mu 2016.<ref name=":1">https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/news/wazi-vision-partners-with-guardian-health-pha-NV_192819</ref><ref name=":2">https://techcabal.com/2021/03/02/wazi-vision-brenda-katwesigye/</ref><ref name=":0">https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/engineer-providing-affordable-eye-care-1792934</ref> Era ye CEO wa w'ekkolero lya Wazi Recycling Industries era Kitundu ku Mandela Washington.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.galtalkstech.com/2019/04/16/brenda-katwesigye-entrepreneur-and-founder-of-wazi-recycling/</ref><ref name=":4">https://www.forbes.com/sites/bonniechiu/2019/03/14/from-rags-to-riches-a-womans-vision-for-green-africa/</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |url=https://www.mandelawashingtonfellowship.org/program-impact-stories/this-ugandan-entrepreneur-quit-her-lucrative-job-to-provide-quality-eyewear-to-africans/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-10-02 |archive-date=2025-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612190857/https://www.mandelawashingtonfellowship.org/program-impact-stories/this-ugandan-entrepreneur-quit-her-lucrative-job-to-provide-quality-eyewear-to-africans/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[:en:Board_member|Mmemba ku lukiiko olufuzi]] olwa Regional Advisory Board for the Young African Leaders nga luno ayogerwako aba [[:en:Forbes|Forbes]] -mu kubeera omutandisi w'emirimu era ayogerwako mu lukalala lwa Forbes New Wealth Creators olwa 2019, olwa [[:en:Forbes_Africa|Forbes Africa]] . <ref name=":4"/> <ref name=":6">https://www.lionessesofafrica.com/blog/2020/3/27/brenda-katwesigye-a-ugandan-tech-innovator-providing-access-to-quality-eye-care</ref> <ref name=":0"/> == Obuvo bwe == Mu buto bwe, Katwesigye yali yeetaaga [[:en:Glasses|gaalubindi]] okulaba obulungi, nga zaali za bbeeyi. Okusoomoozebwa kuno kwe kwazaala entandikwa ya Wazi Vision ekola gaalubindi okuva mu [[:en:Recycled_plastic|buveera obuzzeemu okukozesebwa]] era ng’essira eriteeka ku kuwa abantu okukebera amaaso ne gaalubindi bbeeyi esoboka.<ref name=":0" /> Nga bayita mu kukozesa amaanyi ga [[:en:Technology|tekinologiya]] [[:en:Virtual_reality|wa virtual reality]] n’okukola [[:en:Mobile_app|applications z’oku ssimu]] ,Wazi yavaayo n’enkola y’oku ssimu ekozesa tekinologiya wa virtual reality okugezesa okulaba.<ref name=":3">https://www.lionessesofafrica.com/blog/startup-story-of-brenda-katwesigye</ref> == Okusoma kwe == Yakola diguli esooka mu [[:en:Telecommunications_engineering|bwa yinginiya w'eby'empuliziganya]] [[:en:Makerere_University|Makerere University]] mu [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]] .<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">https://www.alliance4ai.org/leader/brenda-katwesigye/</ref> Yasoma essomo lya [[:en:Master_of_Business_Administration|MBA]] mu [[:en:Smith_School_of_Business|Smith School of Business]], [[:en:Queen's_University_at_Kingston|Queenns University]] mu 2022.<ref>https://poetsandquants.com/2022/09/11/2022-mba-to-watch-brenda-katwesigye-baganzi-queens-university-smith/</ref> == Omulimu gwe == Bizinensi ye eyasooka mu [[:en:University|yunivasite]] eno yali ya kukuuma masimu g’abagenyi ku Ush Shs 1000, era yatandikawo kkampuni ya InstaHealth eyali etunuulidde okuleeta abakugu mu by’obulamu eri abalwadde mu kiseera ekituufu kyokka ebyembi n’eremererwa.<ref name=":3"/> Oluvannyuma lw'okusoma diguli esooka, yakolera ku Innovation Village mu [[:en:Kampala|Kampala]], nga Innovation Strategy Lead, Associate Managing Consultant mu [[:en:Mastercard_Foundation|Mastercard]] era yakolera mu [[:en:Orange_Uganda|Orange Uganda]] .<ref name=":0" /> Yakolagananga ne [[:en:Deloitte|Deloitte]] Uganda nga Certified Information [[:en:Systems_Auditor|Systems Auditor]] era n’avaayo n’atandikawo Wazi Vision n’ekigendererwa eky’okuwa enkola ey’ebbeeyi esoboka ey’okuzuula obuzibu ku maaso n’okuwa gaalubindi ez’ebbeeyi esoboka nga ziva mu buveera obuzzeemu okukozesebwa.<ref name=":8">https://www.salzburgglobal.org/people?userID=35466&cHash=7cf3d64aa048bfca7d53d94899be73e2</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/made-in-uganda-eyewear-a-snapshot-of-wazi-vision/153416/</ref> == Awaadi ze n’ebituukiddwaako == * Yalondeddwa mu bayiiya 30 ab'omwaka 2018 aba [[:en:Quartz_Africa|Quartz Africa]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> * Yalondeddwa ku lukiiko olufuzi olwa SARTS Prize.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /> * Mmemba ku lukiiko olufuzi olwa Regional Advisory Board for the Young African Leaders.<ref name=":0" /> * 2016 [[:en:Mandela_Washington_Fellows|Kitundu ku Mandela Washington]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7" /> * Forbes -omutandisi w'emirimu amanyiddwa.<ref name=":4"/> * 2018 Kitundu ku kitongole kya Westerwelle Foundation.<ref>https://sheleadsafrica.org/start-business-brenda-katwesigye/</ref> * Yayogerwako mu lukalala lw'abatonzi b'obugagga obupya mu 2019 olwa [[:en:Forbes_Africa|Forbes Africa]].<ref name=":6" /> * [[:en:Alumni|Abaaliko]] mu pulogulaamu ya Vodafone eya FLANE.<ref name=":5" /> * Yawangudde engule ya Africa Rethink Award olw'omukyala Omufirika Omusuubuzi 2016.<ref name=":8" /> * Yawangudde engule y’ekibiina ky’amasimu eky’ensi yonna ekya Young Innovators Award.<ref name=":8" /> * Yawangudde engule y'ebyobulamu mu bantu olw'obuyiiya obusinga mu by'obulamu.<ref name=":8" /> * Yawangula ekirabo ekinene ekya SITIC Toumai eky'obuyiiya <ref name=":8" /> == Laba ne == * [[:en:Anne_Juuko|Anne Juuko]] == Ebijuliziddwa == == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * [https://wazivision.com/ https://wazivision.com/ Omukutu gwa yintaneeti.] gf7q5etejsu039fka2l41c1jgavoxk3 65373 65372 2026-07-28T17:01:02Z Kisakye Jane 9195 ntaddemu ettuluba 65373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Brenda''' '''Katwesigye Baganzi''' [[:en:Ugandan|Munnayuganda]] [[:en:Telecom_engineer|yinginiya w'eby'empuliziganya]], mutandisi w'emirimu, omuyiiya wa [[:en:Technology|tekinologiya]], [[:en:Chief_executive_officer|akulira emirimu]] era ye mutandisi wa kkampuni ya Wazi Vision Uganda eyasooka okukola dizayini n'okukola [[:en:Eyewear|gaalubindi]] okuva mu [[:en:Recycled_plastic|buveera obuzzeemu okukozesebwa]] mu 2016.<ref name=":1">https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/news/wazi-vision-partners-with-guardian-health-pha-NV_192819</ref><ref name=":2">https://techcabal.com/2021/03/02/wazi-vision-brenda-katwesigye/</ref><ref name=":0">https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/engineer-providing-affordable-eye-care-1792934</ref> Era ye CEO wa w'ekkolero lya Wazi Recycling Industries era Kitundu ku Mandela Washington.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.galtalkstech.com/2019/04/16/brenda-katwesigye-entrepreneur-and-founder-of-wazi-recycling/</ref><ref name=":4">https://www.forbes.com/sites/bonniechiu/2019/03/14/from-rags-to-riches-a-womans-vision-for-green-africa/</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |url=https://www.mandelawashingtonfellowship.org/program-impact-stories/this-ugandan-entrepreneur-quit-her-lucrative-job-to-provide-quality-eyewear-to-africans/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-10-02 |archive-date=2025-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612190857/https://www.mandelawashingtonfellowship.org/program-impact-stories/this-ugandan-entrepreneur-quit-her-lucrative-job-to-provide-quality-eyewear-to-africans/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[:en:Board_member|Mmemba ku lukiiko olufuzi]] olwa Regional Advisory Board for the Young African Leaders nga luno ayogerwako aba [[:en:Forbes|Forbes]] -mu kubeera omutandisi w'emirimu era ayogerwako mu lukalala lwa Forbes New Wealth Creators olwa 2019, olwa [[:en:Forbes_Africa|Forbes Africa]] . <ref name=":4"/> <ref name=":6">https://www.lionessesofafrica.com/blog/2020/3/27/brenda-katwesigye-a-ugandan-tech-innovator-providing-access-to-quality-eye-care</ref> <ref name=":0"/> == Obuvo bwe == Mu buto bwe, Katwesigye yali yeetaaga [[:en:Glasses|gaalubindi]] okulaba obulungi, nga zaali za bbeeyi. Okusoomoozebwa kuno kwe kwazaala entandikwa ya Wazi Vision ekola gaalubindi okuva mu [[:en:Recycled_plastic|buveera obuzzeemu okukozesebwa]] era ng’essira eriteeka ku kuwa abantu okukebera amaaso ne gaalubindi bbeeyi esoboka.<ref name=":0" /> Nga bayita mu kukozesa amaanyi ga [[:en:Technology|tekinologiya]] [[:en:Virtual_reality|wa virtual reality]] n’okukola [[:en:Mobile_app|applications z’oku ssimu]] ,Wazi yavaayo n’enkola y’oku ssimu ekozesa tekinologiya wa virtual reality okugezesa okulaba.<ref name=":3">https://www.lionessesofafrica.com/blog/startup-story-of-brenda-katwesigye</ref> == Okusoma kwe == Yakola diguli esooka mu [[:en:Telecommunications_engineering|bwa yinginiya w'eby'empuliziganya]] [[:en:Makerere_University|Makerere University]] mu [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]] .<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">https://www.alliance4ai.org/leader/brenda-katwesigye/</ref> Yasoma essomo lya [[:en:Master_of_Business_Administration|MBA]] mu [[:en:Smith_School_of_Business|Smith School of Business]], [[:en:Queen's_University_at_Kingston|Queenns University]] mu 2022.<ref>https://poetsandquants.com/2022/09/11/2022-mba-to-watch-brenda-katwesigye-baganzi-queens-university-smith/</ref> == Omulimu gwe == Bizinensi ye eyasooka mu [[:en:University|yunivasite]] eno yali ya kukuuma masimu g’abagenyi ku Ush Shs 1000, era yatandikawo kkampuni ya InstaHealth eyali etunuulidde okuleeta abakugu mu by’obulamu eri abalwadde mu kiseera ekituufu kyokka ebyembi n’eremererwa.<ref name=":3"/> Oluvannyuma lw'okusoma diguli esooka, yakolera ku Innovation Village mu [[:en:Kampala|Kampala]], nga Innovation Strategy Lead, Associate Managing Consultant mu [[:en:Mastercard_Foundation|Mastercard]] era yakolera mu [[:en:Orange_Uganda|Orange Uganda]] .<ref name=":0" /> Yakolagananga ne [[:en:Deloitte|Deloitte]] Uganda nga Certified Information [[:en:Systems_Auditor|Systems Auditor]] era n’avaayo n’atandikawo Wazi Vision n’ekigendererwa eky’okuwa enkola ey’ebbeeyi esoboka ey’okuzuula obuzibu ku maaso n’okuwa gaalubindi ez’ebbeeyi esoboka nga ziva mu buveera obuzzeemu okukozesebwa.<ref name=":8">https://www.salzburgglobal.org/people?userID=35466&cHash=7cf3d64aa048bfca7d53d94899be73e2</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/made-in-uganda-eyewear-a-snapshot-of-wazi-vision/153416/</ref> == Awaadi ze n’ebituukiddwaako == * Yalondeddwa mu bayiiya 30 ab'omwaka 2018 aba [[:en:Quartz_Africa|Quartz Africa]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> * Yalondeddwa ku lukiiko olufuzi olwa SARTS Prize.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /> * Mmemba ku lukiiko olufuzi olwa Regional Advisory Board for the Young African Leaders.<ref name=":0" /> * 2016 [[:en:Mandela_Washington_Fellows|Kitundu ku Mandela Washington]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7" /> * Forbes -omutandisi w'emirimu amanyiddwa.<ref name=":4"/> * 2018 Kitundu ku kitongole kya Westerwelle Foundation.<ref>https://sheleadsafrica.org/start-business-brenda-katwesigye/</ref> * Yayogerwako mu lukalala lw'abatonzi b'obugagga obupya mu 2019 olwa [[:en:Forbes_Africa|Forbes Africa]].<ref name=":6" /> * [[:en:Alumni|Abaaliko]] mu pulogulaamu ya Vodafone eya FLANE.<ref name=":5" /> * Yawangudde engule ya Africa Rethink Award olw'omukyala Omufirika Omusuubuzi 2016.<ref name=":8" /> * Yawangudde engule y’ekibiina ky’amasimu eky’ensi yonna ekya Young Innovators Award.<ref name=":8" /> * Yawangudde engule y'ebyobulamu mu bantu olw'obuyiiya obusinga mu by'obulamu.<ref name=":8" /> * Yawangula ekirabo ekinene ekya SITIC Toumai eky'obuyiiya <ref name=":8" /> == Laba ne == * [[:en:Anne_Juuko|Anne Juuko]] == Ebijuliziddwa == == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * [https://wazivision.com/ https://wazivision.com/ Omukutu gwa yintaneeti.] <references /> [[Category:Bannayuganda abayivu abakyala]] mrzf56qk9jxoezl66kueunv74x540s1 65431 65373 2026-07-29T10:56:41Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65431 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Brenda''' '''Katwesigye Baganzi''' [[:en:Ugandan|Munnayuganda]] [[:en:Telecom_engineer|yinginiya w'eby'empuliziganya]], mutandisi w'emirimu, omuyiiya wa [[:en:Technology|tekinologiya]], [[:en:Chief_executive_officer|akulira emirimu]] era ye mutandisi wa kkampuni ya Wazi Vision Uganda eyasooka okukola dizayini n'okukola [[:en:Eyewear|gaalubindi]] okuva mu [[:en:Recycled_plastic|buveera obuzzeemu okukozesebwa]] mu 2016.<ref name=":1">https://www.newvision.co.ug/category/news/wazi-vision-partners-with-guardian-health-pha-NV_192819</ref><ref name=":2">https://techcabal.com/2021/03/02/wazi-vision-brenda-katwesigye/</ref><ref name=":0">https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/engineer-providing-affordable-eye-care-1792934</ref> Era ye CEO wa w'ekkolero lya Wazi Recycling Industries era Kitundu ku Mandela Washington.<ref name=":0" /><ref>https://www.galtalkstech.com/2019/04/16/brenda-katwesigye-entrepreneur-and-founder-of-wazi-recycling/</ref><ref name=":4">https://www.forbes.com/sites/bonniechiu/2019/03/14/from-rags-to-riches-a-womans-vision-for-green-africa/</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |url=https://www.mandelawashingtonfellowship.org/program-impact-stories/this-ugandan-entrepreneur-quit-her-lucrative-job-to-provide-quality-eyewear-to-africans/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-10-02 |archive-date=2025-06-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250612190857/https://www.mandelawashingtonfellowship.org/program-impact-stories/this-ugandan-entrepreneur-quit-her-lucrative-job-to-provide-quality-eyewear-to-africans/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[:en:Board_member|Mmemba ku lukiiko olufuzi]] olwa Regional Advisory Board for the Young African Leaders nga luno ayogerwako aba [[:en:Forbes|Forbes]] -mu kubeera omutandisi w'emirimu era ayogerwako mu lukalala lwa Forbes New Wealth Creators olwa 2019, olwa [[:en:Forbes_Africa|Forbes Africa]] . <ref name=":4"/> <ref name=":6">https://www.lionessesofafrica.com/blog/2020/3/27/brenda-katwesigye-a-ugandan-tech-innovator-providing-access-to-quality-eye-care</ref> <ref name=":0"/> == Obuvo bwe == Mu buto bwe, Katwesigye yali yeetaaga [[:en:Glasses|gaalubindi]] okulaba obulungi, nga zaali za bbeeyi. Okusoomoozebwa kuno kwe kwazaala entandikwa ya Wazi Vision ekola gaalubindi okuva mu [[:en:Recycled_plastic|buveera obuzzeemu okukozesebwa]] era ng’essira eriteeka ku kuwa abantu okukebera amaaso ne gaalubindi bbeeyi esoboka.<ref name=":0" /> Nga bayita mu kukozesa amaanyi ga [[:en:Technology|tekinologiya]] [[:en:Virtual_reality|wa virtual reality]] n’okukola [[:en:Mobile_app|applications z’oku ssimu]] ,Wazi yavaayo n’enkola y’oku ssimu ekozesa tekinologiya wa virtual reality okugezesa okulaba.<ref name=":3">https://www.lionessesofafrica.com/blog/startup-story-of-brenda-katwesigye</ref> == Okusoma kwe == Yakola diguli esooka mu [[:en:Telecommunications_engineering|bwa yinginiya w'eby'empuliziganya]] [[:en:Makerere_University|Makerere University]] mu [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]] .<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">https://www.alliance4ai.org/leader/brenda-katwesigye/</ref> Yasoma essomo lya [[:en:Master_of_Business_Administration|MBA]] mu [[:en:Smith_School_of_Business|Smith School of Business]], [[:en:Queen's_University_at_Kingston|Queenns University]] mu 2022.<ref>https://poetsandquants.com/2022/09/11/2022-mba-to-watch-brenda-katwesigye-baganzi-queens-university-smith/</ref> == Omulimu gwe == Bizinensi ye eyasooka mu [[:en:University|yunivasite]] eno yali ya kukuuma masimu g’abagenyi ku Ush Shs 1000, era yatandikawo kkampuni ya InstaHealth eyali etunuulidde okuleeta abakugu mu by’obulamu eri abalwadde mu kiseera ekituufu kyokka ebyembi n’eremererwa.<ref name=":3"/> Oluvannyuma lw'okusoma diguli esooka, yakolera ku Innovation Village mu [[:en:Kampala|Kampala]], nga Innovation Strategy Lead, Associate Managing Consultant mu [[:en:Mastercard_Foundation|Mastercard]] era yakolera mu [[:en:Orange_Uganda|Orange Uganda]] .<ref name=":0" /> Yakolagananga ne [[:en:Deloitte|Deloitte]] Uganda nga Certified Information [[:en:Systems_Auditor|Systems Auditor]] era n’avaayo n’atandikawo Wazi Vision n’ekigendererwa eky’okuwa enkola ey’ebbeeyi esoboka ey’okuzuula obuzibu ku maaso n’okuwa gaalubindi ez’ebbeeyi esoboka nga ziva mu buveera obuzzeemu okukozesebwa.<ref name=":8">https://www.salzburgglobal.org/people?userID=35466&cHash=7cf3d64aa048bfca7d53d94899be73e2</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/made-in-uganda-eyewear-a-snapshot-of-wazi-vision/153416/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2025-10-02 |archive-date=2025-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250914215714/https://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/made-in-uganda-eyewear-a-snapshot-of-wazi-vision/153416/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Awaadi ze n’ebituukiddwaako == * Yalondeddwa mu bayiiya 30 ab'omwaka 2018 aba [[:en:Quartz_Africa|Quartz Africa]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /> * Yalondeddwa ku lukiiko olufuzi olwa SARTS Prize.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /> * Mmemba ku lukiiko olufuzi olwa Regional Advisory Board for the Young African Leaders.<ref name=":0" /> * 2016 [[:en:Mandela_Washington_Fellows|Kitundu ku Mandela Washington]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7" /> * Forbes -omutandisi w'emirimu amanyiddwa.<ref name=":4"/> * 2018 Kitundu ku kitongole kya Westerwelle Foundation.<ref>https://sheleadsafrica.org/start-business-brenda-katwesigye/</ref> * Yayogerwako mu lukalala lw'abatonzi b'obugagga obupya mu 2019 olwa [[:en:Forbes_Africa|Forbes Africa]].<ref name=":6" /> * [[:en:Alumni|Abaaliko]] mu pulogulaamu ya Vodafone eya FLANE.<ref name=":5" /> * Yawangudde engule ya Africa Rethink Award olw'omukyala Omufirika Omusuubuzi 2016.<ref name=":8" /> * Yawangudde engule y’ekibiina ky’amasimu eky’ensi yonna ekya Young Innovators Award.<ref name=":8" /> * Yawangudde engule y'ebyobulamu mu bantu olw'obuyiiya obusinga mu by'obulamu.<ref name=":8" /> * Yawangula ekirabo ekinene ekya SITIC Toumai eky'obuyiiya <ref name=":8" /> == Laba ne == * [[:en:Anne_Juuko|Anne Juuko]] == Ebijuliziddwa == == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * [https://wazivision.com/ https://wazivision.com/ Omukutu gwa yintaneeti.] <references /> [[Category:Bannayuganda abayivu abakyala]] mwymmjhvcarx39kjr86ua032wdynlwr 0 12244 65429 61514 2026-07-29T10:50:08Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65429 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Boaz Kasirabo Nisiima''' yazaalibwa nga 28 Ogwekumineebiri mu 1975 munnasayaansi akola mu by'okutabula eddagala era [[:en:Medical_laboratory_scientist|munnabyabufuzi mu Uganda]]. Ye [[Parliament of Uganda|Mubaka wa Paalamenti]] akiikirira [[:en:Rakai_District|Essaza ly'e Kooki]] <ref name="BKN2">{{Cite web |title=Nisiima Boaz |url=http://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=211 |publisher=[[Parliament of Uganda]]}}</ref> era akiikirira [[National Resistance Movement|NRM]], ekibiina ky’eby'obufuzi ekiri mu buyinza mu Uganda. <ref name="BKN1">{{Cite web |title=Full list of NRM leaders |url=http://www.elections.co.ug/new-vision/election/1407722/list-nrm-leaders |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602212215/http://www.elections.co.ug/new-vision/election/1407722/list-nrm-leaders |archive-date=2 June 2017 |access-date=12 June 2017 |website=[[Vision Group]]}}</ref> Ali mu kibiina ekigatta abasawo abakugu mu by'obujjanjabi ekya Uganda Medical Lab Association n'Olukiiko lwa Paalamenti olw'etabibwaamu ababaka abali mu kibiina kya NRM era aweereza ku kakiiko akavunaanyizibwa ku Bizimbibwa ebirabibwaako nga kano kali mu [[Parliament of Uganda|Paalamenti ya Uganda ey'ekumi]] <ref name="BKN8">{{Cite web |title=Kasolo, Mugabi supporters still in celebration |url=http://www.elections.co.ug/print_article/new-vision/election/1407454/kasolo-mugabi-supporters-celebration?print=true |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807151958/http://www.elections.co.ug/print_article/new-vision/election/1407454/kasolo-mugabi-supporters-celebration?print=true |archive-date=7 August 2017 |access-date=12 June 2017 |website=[[Vision Group]]}}</ref> <ref name="BKN6">{{Cite web |title=Rakai MPs Elect Named after Charged Residents' Raid on EC Offices, Accusing the DRO of Delaying to Announce Winner before Police Prevailed |url=http://theinvestigatornews.com/2016/02/rakai-mps-elect-named-after-charged-residents-raid-on-ec-offices-accusing-the-dro-of-delaying-to-announce-winner-before-police-prevailed/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807164504/http://theinvestigatornews.com/2016/02/rakai-mps-elect-named-after-charged-residents-raid-on-ec-offices-accusing-the-dro-of-delaying-to-announce-winner-before-police-prevailed/ |archive-date=7 August 2017 |access-date=29 June 2017 |website=The Investigator}}</ref> Ninsiima yaliko omukungu mu bifo gyebatabulira eddagala lmu kitongole kya [[:en:Infectious_Diseases|Infectious Diseases]] Research Collaboration (IDRC); omuntu eyali avunaanyizibwa ku bikolebwa gyebatabulira eddagala mu [[Rakai (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y'e Rakai]] ; omuyambi w'akulira eyali atwaala webatabulira eddagala mu ddwaliro lya Kasaali [[:en:Health_Centre|Health Centre]] III era nga yaliko maneja era [[:en:Nursing_assistant|omumyuuka w'abayambi b'abasawo]] mu ddwaaliro lya [[:en:Kibaale_Community_Schools|Kibaale]] Community Clinic. <ref name="BKN2"/> == Obulamu bwe n'eby'enjigiriza == Ninsiima yazaalibwa mu Kooki mu [[Rakai (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y’e Rakai]] nga 28 Ogwekumineebiri mu 1975 mu maka agaali [[:en:Anglicanism|enzikiriza y'Ekanisa]] ng'era famire [[:en:Ankole|y'Abanyankore.]] Pulayimale yagisomera mu disitulikiti y’ewaabwe e Rakai ku Ahmadiyya Primary School, esomero lya pulayimale eryali ludukanyizibwa gavumenti e Kalungi, gyeyafunira n’afuna [[:en:Primary_School_Leaving_Examination|satifikeeti ye eya P.7]] mu 1993. Oluvannyuma yasomera Sserinya Secondary School gyeyasomera okuva S.1 paka S.4, n’afuna [[:en:Uganda_Certificate_of_Education|satifikeeti ya S.4]] mu 1997. Mukusoma kwe okwawagulu, yeegatta kutendekero lya School of Medical Laboratory Training mu [[Eddwaliro lya Mengo Hospital|ddwaaliro e Mengo]] n’afuna satifikeeti y’abakugu mu [[:en:Medical_laboratory|by’obusawo ne mubifo gyebatabulira eddagala]] mu 2007. Ninsiima yeeyongerayo n'agenda ku [[:en:Makerere_University|Makerere University]] gye yafunira Dipulooma mu Tekinologiya w'Ebifo gyebatabulira Eddagala mu 2009 ne Diguli mu [[:en:Health_technology|Saayansi w'Ebifo Gyebatabulira Eddagala]] mu 2013. <ref name="BKN2"/> == Emirimu == === Entandikwa === Ninsiima yatandika emirimu gye egy’ekikugu mu 2000 [[:en:Nursing_assistant|ng'omumyuuka w'abayamba abasawo]] mu ddwaaliro ly'e [[:en:Kibaale_Community_Schools|Kibaale]] Community Clinic era oluvannyuma n’akuzibwa n’afuulibwa okugenda mu kifo ky'okubeera nga yeeyali [[:en:Healthcare_provider|adukanya eky'eby'obulamu]] mu 2005. Mu 2006, yafuna omulimu gw'okubeera omumyuuka w'adukanya ekifo ewatabulirwa eddagala ku ddwaliro lya Kasaali [[:en:Health_in_Uganda|Health Centre III]]. Mu 2009, yakola nga eyali avunaanyizibwa ku bikolebwa mu kifo ewatabulirwa eddala mu [[Rakai (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y’e Rakai]] n’oluvannyuma n’akola ng'ow'eby'ekikugu mu kifo ewatabirirwa eddagala mu kitongole ekikola ku by'okunoonyereza ku [[:en:Infectious_diseases|Nddwadde ezikwata abantu]] nga zireetebwa obuwuka obw'enjawulo mu 2010 okutuusa mu 2014 lwe yalekulira okwegatta ku by'obufuzi eby’okulonda. === Eirimu gy’eby'obufuzi === Mu 2015, Ninsiima yeegatta ku [[:en:Democracy|by'obufuzi eby’okulonda]] ku tikiti ya [[National Resistance Movement]], n’awangula [[:en:Partisan_primary|okulonda kw'ekibiina okwali okwokusunsula eyali agenda okukwata bendera y'ekibiina mu kulonda kwa bonna]] <ref name="BKN9">{{Cite web |title=Entalo z'akamyufu zisattiza abanene mu NRM |url=http://www.bukedde.co.ug/bukedde/ag%E2%80%99eggwanga/1406052/entalo-akamyufu-zisattiza-abanene-mu-nrm |website=[[Bukedde]] |access-date=2025-10-17 |archive-date=2017-08-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807152856/http://www.bukedde.co.ug/bukedde/ag%E2%80%99eggwanga/1406052/entalo-akamyufu-zisattiza-abanene-mu-nrm |url-status=dead }}</ref> n’okulonda [[:en:2016_Ugandan_general_election|kwa bonna mu 2016]] bw’atyo n’afuuka omubaka wa [[Parliament of Uganda|Paalamenti ey'e 10]] eya [[Yuganda|Pearl of Africa]] ng’akiikirira Essaza ly'e Kooki mu Disitulikiti y’e Rakai. Mu Paalamenti ey’e 10, Ninsiima aweereza ku Kakiiko Akavunaanyizibwa ku Bizimbibwa Ebirabibwaako era ng'ali ne ku kakiiko ka Paalamenti akeetabibwaamu ababaka b'ekibiina kya [[National Resistance Movement|NRM]]. <ref name="BKN7">{{Cite web |title="Government to rebuild houses destroyed by earthquake" – President |url=http://www.statehouse.go.ug/media/news/2016/10/05/%E2%80%9Cgovernment-rebuild-houses-destroyed-earthquake%E2%80%9D-%E2%80%93-president |website=The State House of Uganda}}</ref> <ref name="BKN8"/> <ref>{{Cite web |title=NRM Parliamentary Caucus |url=https://www.nrm.ug/party-organs/nrm-parliamentary-caucus |access-date=2023-02-10 |website=NRM Parliamentary Caucus {{!}} National Resistance Movement |language=en |archive-date=2021-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506150738/https://nrm.ug/party-organs/nrm-parliamentary-caucus |url-status=dead }}</ref> Mu 2021, yaddamu okulondebwa ku kifo ky’Omubaka wa paalamenti. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ninsiima Boaz Kasirabo - 2021 General Election - Visible Polls |url=https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/ninsiima-boaz-kasirabo-8505/ |access-date=2023-02-10 |website=visiblepolls.org |language=en}}</ref> mu paalamenti ey’e 11, aweereza ku kakiiko akavunaanyizibwa ku Mbalirira y'Ebitabo bya Gavumenti mu Gavumenti eya wakati. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Committee on Public Accounts (Central Government) – Parliament Watch |url=https://parliamentwatch.ug/committees/committee-on-public-accounts-central-government/ |access-date=2023-02-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> == Laba ne == * [[Rakai (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y’e Rakai]] * [[:en:National_Resistance_Movement|Ekibiina ky'Eby'obufuzi Ekiri mu Buyinza ekmannyikiddwa nga National Resistance Movement]] == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ewalala w'oyinza okubigya == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160319224843/http://www.parliament.go.ug/new/ Omukutu gwa yintaneeti ogwa Paalamenti ya Uganda] * [http://idrc-uganda.org/ Omukutu gwa yintaneeti Ogw'ekitongole Ekikola mu Kunoonyereza Kunddwadde ezikwata Abantu nga zireetebwa Obuwuka Obw'enjawulo] [[Category:Bannabyabufuzi mu Uganda]] 9lfjwd95t7c1rohtio90hps9dyyt5vu 0 12859 65369 54381 2026-07-28T16:30:56Z Kisakye Jane 9195 nterezezaamu mu kiwandiiko 65369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Brenda Ekone''' (yazaalibwa nga 10 Ogwomukaaga 1996) muzannyi wa [[:en:Basketball|basketball]] mu Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenda EKONE at the FIBA Women's AfroBasket 2023 |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2023/player/Brenda-Ekone |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=FIBA.basketball |language=en}}</ref> == Obulamu obuto == Yazaalibwa nga 10 ogw'okusooka mu 1996 mu maka ga Robert ne Josephine Ekone e Kalaki mu Kaberamaido.<ref name="Isabirye 2022 k757">{{Cite web |last=Isabirye |first=David |date=2022-11-19 |title=KNOW YOUR STARS: Versatile Brenda Ekone hails sports for her life achievements |url=https://kawowo.com/2022/11/19/know-your-stars-versatile-brenda-ekone-hails-sports-for-her-life-achievements/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Kawowo Sports}}</ref> Brenda yatandika okusoma pulayimale mu Nabumali Day Primary School, n’agenda mu Sekondale ya Jerisa, oluvannyuma n’agenda mu [[:en:Tororo_Girls_School|Tororo Girls School]], ne Rock High School, Tororo gye yamalira siniya. Oluvannyuma yagenda mu [[:en:St._Mary's_College_Kisubi|St. Mary's College]], disitulikiti y'e Wakiso okusoma siniya eyoomukaaga gye yasomera History Literature, Divinity ne ICT. Brenda alina [[:en:Bachelor's_degree|diguli esooka]] mu mirimu gy'obulamu n'okuddukunya emirimu gy'embeera z'abantu (SWASA), diguli eyookubiri mu by’okuddukanya emirimu okuva mu [[Nkumba University|yunivasite y’e Nkumba]] . == Emirimu == Brenda yatandika omulimu gwe ku myaka 14. Okuva lwe yasooka okuzannya basketball, azannye mu Nkumba Lady Marines okuva mu 2014 okutuuka mu 2019 nga tannaba kwegatta ku JKL Lady Dolphins mu 2020. Amaze emyaka esatu egy’omuddiring’anwa nga MVP (2017, 2018, 2019), yawangula ekikopo kye ekyasooka mu 2019.<ref name="Kawalya 2022 j520">{{Cite web |last=Kawalya |first=Brian |date=2022-07-01 |title=NBL: Brenda Ekone Wants To Keep Scoring |url=https://sportsnation.co.ug/2022/07/01/nbl-brenda-ekone-wants-to-keep-scoring/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Live from ground}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == osdztpslwsq415dlwz84qfrbxtzpccl 65370 65369 2026-07-28T16:34:46Z Kisakye Jane 9195 nterezezaamu katono 65370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Brenda Ekone''' (yazaalibwa nga 10 Ogwomukaaga 1996) muzannyi wa nsero mu Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenda EKONE at the FIBA Women's AfroBasket 2023 |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2023/player/Brenda-Ekone |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=FIBA.basketball |language=en}}</ref> == Obulamu obuto == Yazaalibwa nga 10 ogw'okusooka mu 1996 mu maka ga Robert ne Josephine Ekone e Kalaki mu Kaberamaido.<ref name="Isabirye 2022 k757">{{Cite web |last=Isabirye |first=David |date=2022-11-19 |title=KNOW YOUR STARS: Versatile Brenda Ekone hails sports for her life achievements |url=https://kawowo.com/2022/11/19/know-your-stars-versatile-brenda-ekone-hails-sports-for-her-life-achievements/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Kawowo Sports}}</ref> Brenda yatandika okusoma pulayimale mu Nabumali Day Primary School, n’agenda mu Sekondale ya Jerisa, oluvannyuma n’agenda mu [[:en:Tororo_Girls_School|Tororo Girls School]], ne Rock High School, Tororo gye yamalira siniya. Oluvannyuma yagenda mu [[:en:St._Mary's_College_Kisubi|St. Mary's College]], disitulikiti y'e Wakiso okusoma siniya eyoomukaaga gye yasomera History Literature, Divinity ne ICT. Brenda alina [[:en:Bachelor's_degree|diguli esooka]] mu mirimu gy'obulamu n'okuddukunya emirimu gy'embeera z'abantu (SWASA), diguli eyookubiri mu by’okuddukanya emirimu okuva mu [[Nkumba University|yunivasite y’e Nkumba]] . == Emirimu == Brenda yatandika omulimu gwe ku myaka 14. Okuva lwe yasooka okuzannya basketball, azannye mu Nkumba Lady Marines okuva mu 2014 okutuuka mu 2019 nga tannaba kwegatta ku JKL Lady Dolphins mu 2020. Amaze emyaka esatu egy’omuddiring’anwa nga MVP (2017, 2018, 2019), yawangula ekikopo kye ekyasooka mu 2019.<ref name="Kawalya 2022 j520">{{Cite web |last=Kawalya |first=Brian |date=2022-07-01 |title=NBL: Brenda Ekone Wants To Keep Scoring |url=https://sportsnation.co.ug/2022/07/01/nbl-brenda-ekone-wants-to-keep-scoring/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Live from ground}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == tdd3g1l6ho7dftxfliepyz1r57hm7cx 65371 65370 2026-07-28T16:38:44Z Kisakye Jane 9195 ntaddemu ettuluba 65371 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Brenda Ekone''' (yazaalibwa nga 10 Ogwomukaaga 1996) muzannyi wa nsero mu Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenda EKONE at the FIBA Women's AfroBasket 2023 |url=https://www.fiba.basketball/womensafrobasket/2023/player/Brenda-Ekone |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=FIBA.basketball |language=en}}</ref> == Obulamu obuto == Yazaalibwa nga 10 ogw'okusooka mu 1996 mu maka ga Robert ne Josephine Ekone e Kalaki mu Kaberamaido.<ref name="Isabirye 2022 k757">{{Cite web |last=Isabirye |first=David |date=2022-11-19 |title=KNOW YOUR STARS: Versatile Brenda Ekone hails sports for her life achievements |url=https://kawowo.com/2022/11/19/know-your-stars-versatile-brenda-ekone-hails-sports-for-her-life-achievements/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Kawowo Sports}}</ref> Brenda yatandika okusoma pulayimale mu Nabumali Day Primary School, n’agenda mu Sekondale ya Jerisa, oluvannyuma n’agenda mu [[:en:Tororo_Girls_School|Tororo Girls School]], ne Rock High School, Tororo gye yamalira siniya. Oluvannyuma yagenda mu [[:en:St._Mary's_College_Kisubi|St. Mary's College]], disitulikiti y'e Wakiso okusoma siniya eyoomukaaga gye yasomera History Literature, Divinity ne ICT. Brenda alina [[:en:Bachelor's_degree|diguli esooka]] mu mirimu gy'obulamu n'okuddukunya emirimu gy'embeera z'abantu (SWASA), diguli eyookubiri mu by’okuddukanya emirimu okuva mu [[Nkumba University|yunivasite y’e Nkumba]] . == Emirimu == Brenda yatandika omulimu gwe ku myaka 14. Okuva lwe yasooka okuzannya basketball, azannye mu Nkumba Lady Marines okuva mu 2014 okutuuka mu 2019 nga tannaba kwegatta ku JKL Lady Dolphins mu 2020. Amaze emyaka esatu egy’omuddiring’anwa nga MVP (2017, 2018, 2019), yawangula ekikopo kye ekyasooka mu 2019.<ref name="Kawalya 2022 j520">{{Cite web |last=Kawalya |first=Brian |date=2022-07-01 |title=NBL: Brenda Ekone Wants To Keep Scoring |url=https://sportsnation.co.ug/2022/07/01/nbl-brenda-ekone-wants-to-keep-scoring/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=Live from ground}}</ref> == Ebijuliziddwa == <references /> [[Category:Bannayuganda abazannyi b′ensero abakyala]] 2999ggar85fengqhic5ngwbkc1a2e0v 0 13306 65408 63833 2026-07-29T07:42:39Z InternetArchiveBot 6271 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 65408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Adison Kakuru''' [[Yuganda|Munnayuganda]] nga munnabyabufuzi, musuubuzi, mulimi, era omukugu mu by’obutonde. Ono yali akiikirira Rukiga County mu [[Kabale (disitulikit)|Disitulikiti y'e Kabale]] mu [[Parliament of Uganda|Palamenti ya Uganda]] ey'omunaana. Era yakola nga ssentebe wa disitulikiti y’e Kabale (ssentebe wa LC 5), sipiika w’olukiiko lwa disitulikiti e [[Kabale]], era mmemba ku lukiiko lwa disitulikiti y’e Kabale ng’akiikirira e Ggombolola ly'e Rwamucucu. Ono mmemba w’ekibiina ky’ebyobufuzi ekya [[National Resistance Movement]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150706224502/http://www.independent.co.ug/election-watch/2644-rukiga-race-independentcandidate-gives-nrm-trouble "Rukiga race: Independent candidate gives NRM trouble"]. ''The Independent'', 23 March 2010</ref><ref>[http://allafrica.com/thread/comment/main/main/pkey/aans:post:201003260090.html Adison Kakuru Hands Over Kabale Office to Vice-Chairman]</ref> == Ebimukwatako == Kakuru yazaalibwa nga 14 Ogwokuna 1962 mu Disitulikiti y’e Kabale.<ref>[http://www.parliament.go.ug/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=37 Adison Kakuru Was Born in 14 April 1962]</ref> Yasomera ku Kigezi College Butobere ku ddaala lya O ne A. Kakuru yafuna diguli esooka mu ssayansi w'’ebibira, okuva ku [[Makerere University, Uganda|yunivasite y’e Makerere]] mu 1990. Era alina diguli eyookubiri mu by’obutonde n’okuddukanya eby’obugagga eby’omu ttaka okuva mu yunivasite y’e Makerere. Yasomera ku kitongole ky’ensi yonna eky’ebyobulimi, e Wageningen, Netherlands.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120317162411/http://www.cbcglobal.org/cbc_pages/Peoples.aspx?PId=294 Profile At Commonwealth Business Council] 17 March 2012 </ref> == Emirimu gye == Kakuru yaliko omukungu mu kitongole ekinoonyereza mu kitongole ky’ebibira era ng’omukozi munne mu kitongole kya Gavumenti ya Uganda ekinoonyereza ku bibira ekya Agroforestry Research Network for Africa (AFRENA). Mu kitongole kya Uganda National Agricultural Research Organization, yakolako nga research officer/centre manager mu Forestry Research Institute era yakola ne ku pulojekiti endala.<ref>[http://observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7769:rukiga-by-elecetion-kakuru-pledges-to-unite-develop-rukiga "RUKIGA BY-ELECTION: Kakuru pledges to unite, develop Rukiga"]. ''The Observer''.</ref> Y'eyali akulira ekifo kya Kabale ki AFRENA. Era yaliko akulira ekitongole ky'ebyobugagga eby'omu ttaka ekya Africare<ref name="Rwabwogo2007">Mugisha Odrek Rwabwogo (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=vQkOAQAAMAAJ Uganda Districts Information Handbook]''. Fountain Publishers. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&#x20;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/9789970024292|9789970024292]]</bdi>.</ref> wansi wa Africare/ USAID, Pulojekiti eya Title II Food for Peace eyassibwamu ssente eyitibwa Uganda Food Security Initiative. Ng’omukugu mu by’obutonde bw’ensi, Kakuru yakolera mu kitongole kya Regional Center for Services in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, e Nairobi, [[Kenya]] ; ekitongole ky’ensi yonna ekinoonyereza ku by’obulimi mu Nairobi; ekitongole ky’ensi yonna eky’amaanyi ga atomu n’ekitongole ky’emmere n’ebyobulimi mu kibuga Vienna ekya [[Austria]] ekitongole ky’eggwanga ekinoonyereza ku by’obulimi mu [[Kampala]], Uganda; n’ekibiina ekigatta abantu b’oku nsozi mu nsi yonna mu kibuga Paris ekya Bufalansa. == Ebyobufuzi == Mu Gwokuna 1992, Kakuru yalondebwa okubeera mmemba ku lukiiko lw’eggombolola y’e Kabale, ng’akiikirira Rwamucucu. Ofiisi eno yagirimu okutuusa mu 2002, n’aweereza nga ssentebe w’akakiiko k’ebyenjigiriza mu disitulikiti n’akakiiko akakola ku by’okufulumya n’obutonde bw’ensi mu disitulikiti. Mu Gwokuna 1998, yalondebwa okubeera sipiika w’olukiiko lwa disitulikiti e Kabale, ekifo kye yalimu okutuusa mu Gwokusatu 2002, ate nga ye ssentebe w’akakiiko k’ebyobusuubuzi aka District Council. Kakuru yafuuka ssentebe wa Disitulikiti y'e Kabale mu Gwokuna 2002,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150211051754/http://business.highbeam.com/3548/article-1G1-112996396/kakuru-compromise-candidate-rugunda "Kakuru 'Compromise' Candidate – Rugunda."], '' Africa News Service'', 6 February 2004. via Highbeam</ref> ng'awangula Francis Runumi. Yaddamu okulondebwa mu ofiisi y’emu mu 2006. Mu Gwokusatu 2010, yalekulira okwetaba mu kulonda okwokujjuza ekifo okwa federo okwaliwo mu 2010 mu Rukiga county.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150211043516/http://www.independent.co.ug/news/news-analysis/2558-mbale-fdc-win-maintains-nrm-urban-jinx "Mbale FDC win maintains NRM urban jinx"]. ''The Independent''. 2 March 2010</ref> Mu Gwokusatu 2010, Kakuru yalondebwa okubeera omukiise mu Palamenti ya Uganda ey’omunaana, ng’akiikirira Rukiga County mu Disitulikiti y’e Kabale oluvannyuma lw’okuwangula Jack Sabiiti eyeesimbawo ku lw'ekibiina kya [[Olukiiko olw'Enkyukakyuka mu Bufuzi bwa demokulasiya|Forum for Democratic Change]].<ref>[http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=7769&Itemid= Rukiga by-election: Kakuru pledges to unite, develop Rukiga]</ref><ref>[http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/730642 "District winners"] . ''New Vision''. 2 September 2010</ref> Bwe yali mu Palamenti, yaweereza ku kakiiko ak'enkalakkalira aka Physical Infrastructure n’akakiiko ka committee of Commissions, Statutory Authorities and Government Enterprises. Mu kulonda kw’eggwanga okwa 2011, yawangulwa Jack Sabiiti.<ref>{{Cite web |last=joomlasupport |title=Was the election rigged? |url=https://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=12352:was-the-election-rigged |access-date=2020-05-30 |website=The Observer - Uganda |language=en-gb |archive-date=2023-11-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101035152/https://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=12352:was-the-election-rigged |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Laba ne == * [[Jack Sabiiti]] * [[Palamenti ya Uganda]] == Ebijuliziddwa == {{Reflist}} == Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120313104350/http://www.sundayvision.co.ug/detail.php?mainNewsCategoryId=7&newsCategoryId=416&newsId=742589 Profile Ku mukutu gwa Newvision.co.ug] * [https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150208384704078&comments Olukalala lwa baminisita mu bujjuvu, May 2011] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100330010849/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/13/714209 Adison Kakuru akwasizza omumyuka wa ssentebe ofiisi y’e Kabale] * [http://allafrica.com/stories/201003290513.html Sisinkana Bannabyabufuzi Baffe-Adison Kakuru] [[Category:Bannabyabufuzi Abanayuganda]] [[Category:Bannabyabufuzi mu Uganda]] [[Category:Abantu abalamu]] [[Category:Abantu abasibuka mu Disitilukiti y'e Kabale]] [[Category:Abazaalwa mu 1962]] [[Category:Baminisita ba Gavumenti ya Uganda]] [[Category:Bannabyabufuzi aba NRM]] [[Category:Abaasomerako ku Makerere University]] [[Category:Ababaka ba Paalamenti ey'omunaana]] [[Category:Bannayuganda abatandisi b'emirimu ab'ekyasa ky'abiri mwekimu]] tb717feq1h6bmwlknxm4ebts4xqxm4k