Wikipedia lldwiki https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plata_prinzipala MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.4 first-letter Media Speciale Discussione Utente Discussioni utente Wikipedia Discussioni Wikipedia File Discussioni file MediaWiki Discussioni MediaWiki Template Discussioni template Aiuto Discussioni aiuto Categoria Discussioni categoria TimedText TimedText talk Modulo Discussioni modulo Evento Discussioni evento Sëlva 0 1190 251248 251108 2026-06-01T18:02:15Z Moroder 67 /* Educazion */ 251248 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Gherdëina}} {{Infobox chemun Südtirol |Inuem luech = <big>Sëlva</big><br />''Wolkenstein in Gröden ([[lingaz tudësch|de]])<br />Selva di Val Gardena ([[lingaz talian|it]])'' |Inuem scëmpl = Sëlva |Blason = |Comunità = [[Salten-Scilier (comunità raion)|Salten-Scilier]] |Frazions = [[Plan (frazion de Sëlva)|Plan]] |lld = 89.74 |de = 5.15 |it = 5.11 |Foto = Sëlva Wolkenstein Selva di Val Gardena Sella.jpg |Descrizion foto = Sëlva ududa da [[Daunëi]] |Ambolt = Tobias Nocker |Ann ambolt = 2025 |Mapa = Wolkenstein_in_Gröden_in_Südtirol_-_Positionskarte.svg |Cherta localisazion = {{Mappa di localizzazione |Trentin-Südtirol |label = Sëlva |latitudineGradi = 46 |latitudinePrimi = 33 |longitudineGradi = 11 |longitudinePrimi = 45 |position = right |width = 300 |float = center |relief = yes |background = #bebebe }} |Plata internet = selva.eu/la |}}'''Sëlva''' ({{IPA-lld|ˈsɜlva|pron|Lld-Sëlva.oga}}, [[lingaz tudësch|tudësch]]: ''Wolkenstein in Gröden'', [[lingaz talian|talian]]: ''Selva di Val Gardena'') ie n [[chemun]] de [[Gherdëina]] tla [[Südtirol|provinzia de Bulsan]] te la [[Talia]]. L zënter dl luech ie a 1.563 m sëura l livel dl mer. Cun {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{#invoke:wd|property|raw|P2046}} round 1}}}}&nbsp;km² iel l majer di trëi chemuns de Gherdëina n cont de spersa. N cont de populazion iel l segondo majer cun {{formatnum:{{#invoke:wd|property|references|P1082}}}} abitanc ai {{#invoke:wd|qualifier|normal+|single|P1082|P585}}. L chemun de Sëlva à na sëula [[Frazion (Talia)|frazion]], che ie [[Plan (frazion de Sëlva)|Plan]] y plu [[ridl]]i, danter chisc: [[Plan da Tieja]], [[Ruacia]], [[La Poza]], [[Ghetun]], [[La Sëlva]] y [[Daunëi]]. Sëlva ie n zënter mpurtant dl [[turism]], dantaldut dl turism da d'[[inviern]]. L ie un di ponc ulache scumëncia la [[Sellaronda]] y l ie bën pusiziunà sibe per pië via a [[jì cun i schi]] che per [[jì sa mont]] o [[jì a crëp|a crëp]].<br> Aldò de la cumpededa dla populazion dl 2011 ie la rujeneda de l'oma dl 90% de Sëlva l [[lingaz ladin|ladin]]. La variazion dl ladin che vën rujeneda ie l [[Ladin gherdëina|gherdëina]].<br>Per [[lingaz ladin|ladin]] adroven cun referimënt a Sëlva la preposizion ''te'' (mpede ''a'', sciche pra autri luesc). Per ejëmpl: ''duman vedi te Sëlva'' o ''ies'a śën te Sëlva?'' == Inuem == L inuem per ladin de Sëlva vën dal [[latin]] ''silva'', che uel di ''bosch''. Chësc toponim ie per l prim iede unit adurvà tl 1166. L medemo inuem ie ënghe stat sëurantëut tl talian. Si urigin ne ie nia dl dut tlera. Bonamënter ie chësc inuem nasciù te n tëmp canche la populazion te Sëlva fova scialdi sterduda y l raion fova per gran pert mé n bosch. L inuem per tudësch dl luech ie ''Wolkenstein'', che à dut n'autra origen. Chësc inuem vën dala [[Wolkenstein-Trostburg|familia Wolkenstein]], n iede i patrons dl [[ciastel de Val]], de chël che al didancuei ne'n restl mé plu sedims. Chësc inuem tudësch ie stat adurvà per l prim iede tl 1237 te la forma ''Wolchenstain''.<ref>Hans von Voltelini: ''Die Südtiroler Notariats-Imbreviaturen des 13. Jahrhunderts'' (Acta Tirolensia, II), Innsbruck, Wagner, 1899, n. 623</ref> == Luech == L luech de Sëlva ne à nia n zënter storich sciche Urtijëi. Chësc ie da spieghé dal fat che nfin a do la [[segonda viera mundiela]] fova te Sëlva belau mé [[luech da paur|luesc da paur]] spartii ora per l raion dl luech. La [[dlieja Santa Maria ad Nives]] fova unida fata su amesa i [[preies de Nives]], daujin a chëla che l dajova la [[calonia]] y la [[scola]]. Do la segonda viera se à la zona de [[Ghetun]] trasfurmà tl zënter dl luech, ulache ie unida fata la [[plaza Nives]]. [[File:Ciastel Wolkenstein Gherdëina.jpg|miniatura|left|La pert dedite dl [[Ciastel de Val|sedim de Val]].]]Te Sëlva ie i sedims dl [[ciastel de Val]] tl parëi [[Stevia]] dl [[17ejim secul]], che fova n iede de la familia di Maulrappen, pona di Vilanders y ala fin di [[Wolkenstein-Trostburg|Wolkenstein]]. Da chësta ultima vën l inuem per tudësch dl luech: ''Wolkenstein''. Mpue plu inite te [[Val]] ie la [[capela de San Silvester]] cun pitures murales baroches.<br> La dliejia prinzipela ie [[Dlieja Santa Maria ad Nives|Santa Maria ad Nives]], che fova unida fata su per l prim iede tl 1503. La ie unida ngrandida te n stil modern tl 1992. L [[ciastel de Gherdëina]] (''Fischburg'') ie tl raion dl chemun de Sëlva y ie n palaz tert-renaissance fat su per ncëria dl Grof Engelhard Dietrich von Wolkenstein; l fova la sënta de [[suneria]], ma nce ciastel da ciacia cun deplù lec artifiziei per zidlé pësc. Aldidancuei iel privat y ne possa nia unì vijità. L luech de Sëlva ie caraterisà dal turism sibe d'[[instà]] che dantaldut d'[[inviern]]. Trëi [[furnadoia|furnadoies]] mëina alauta de viers de [[Jëuf de Frea|Frea]]/[[Dantercëpies]] y [[Ciampinëi]]. Mpurtant per l [[jì cui schi|sport dai schi]] ie nce l raion de [[Plan de Gralba]] cun la furnadoia ''Piz Sella''. L [[purtoi]] ''[[Saslong]]'' ie cunesciù per la [[Copa dl Mond de schi alpin|garejedes de Copa dl Mond]] tenides uni ann. L raion de Val fej pert dl [[Parch natural Pöz-Odles|Parch Naturel Puez-Odles]]. == Blason == [[File:Blason di Wolkenstein sëura la rëjes dl Ciastel Fischburg.jpg|thumb|left|Blason de la [[Wolkenstein-Trostburg|familia Wolkenstein]] sëura la rëjes dl [[Ciastel Fischburg]].]]L blason de Sëlva fova di [[Wolkenstein-Trostburg|grofs de Wolkenstein]] y ie dal 1968 incà l blason dl chemun. Chisc fova n iede i patrons dl [[Ciastel de Val]], de chël che al didancuei resta me plu i sedimes sun i parëies dl crëp de [[Stevia]]. Tl ann 1291 ie l ciastel unì cumprà da Rudolf de [[Olaneres]], si mut Randolf a sëurantëut l inuëm dl ciastel y ie deventà l antenat di grofs de Sëlva. Per via de chësc liam ie l blason de la familia Wolkenstein stat sëurantëut coche blason dl chemun. L blason de Sëlva à chësta carateristiches: "L ie spartì su te cater pertes: la prima dessëura a man ciancia y la cuarta dessot a man drëta ie de culëur cuecen y arjënt, spartì da na ziracula; la segonda pert dessëura a man drëta y la prima dessot a man ciancia presënta na rissa foscia y trëi pizes brumes drusedes sun arjënt".<ref>[http://www.gemeinde.wolkensteiningroeden.bz.it/system/web/default.aspx?sprache=4 Plata internet dl chëmun]</ref> L ie l resultat dla union de doi emblems da plu da giut, chël di grofs di [[Olaneres]]/Pardell y chël di Maulrappen de [[Ciastel (chemun)|Ciastel]] (''Trostburg-Kastelruth'') che adum à furmà la familia di Wolkenstein per gauja dla maridaia danter Federico von Wolkenstein y Caterina Villanders-Trostburg.<ref>[https://www.selvafoto.it/it/libro-selva-gardena.html Plata internet Cunsëi Furmazion de Sëlva], azes ai 20.02.2021</ref> == Geografia == [[File:Selva Sella Saslonch Gherdëina.jpg|thumb|left|Sëlva ududa da [[La Palota]]]] L zënter de Sëlva ie l raion de Ghetun cun la [[plaza Nives]] y la dlieja [[Santa Maria ad Nives]]. La plaza Nives ie a n'autëza de 1540 metri y la dlieja ie a 1563 metri sëura l livel dl mer. Te Sëlva se spartësc la valeda de Gherdëina su te doi tòc, cun un n ram che ti va do al [[Derjon]] nfin te [[Plan (frazion de Sëlva)|Plan]] y l'auter ram che ti va do al [[ruf de Val]] te [[Val]] y inant nfin te [[Pra da Rì]]. L Derjon nasc te Plan sota l ''puent de Taiadices'' a n'autëza de zirca 1590 metri sëura l livel dl mer, ulache [[ruf de Ciavazes]] che nasc sul [[jëuf de Sela]] rua adum cul [[ruf de Frea]] che nasc sul [[jëuf de Frea]]. Sëlva ie pusiziuneda te n paiuel cun n grum de montes ntëurvia. A sud ie la mont de [[Ciampinëi]] y dovia l crëp de [[Saslonch]]. A nord ie la mont de [[Juac]] sëura [[Sciuz (Sëlva)|Sciuz]] y l crëp de [[Stevia]]. A est ie la [[pizes de Cir]] y [[Grup dl Sela|Mëisules]]. Ai {{#invoke:wd|qualifier|normal+|single|P1082|P585}} ova Sëlva na populazion de {{formatnum:{{#invoke:wd|property|references|P1082}}}} persones sun na spersa de {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{#invoke:wd|property|raw|P2046}} round 1}}}}&nbsp;km². Sëlva cunfina cun i chemuns de [[Cianacei|Cianacëi]], [[Corvara]], [[San Martin de Tor]] y [[Santa Cristina|S. Crestina]]. L chemun de Sëlva à una na frazion ufiziela, che ie [[Plan (frazion de Sëlva)|Plan]]. Autri [[ridl]]i y raions te Sëlva che ne ie nia ufizialmënter frazions ie [[La Sëlva]], [[Plan da Tieja]], [[Ruacia]] y [[La Poza]] a vest, [[Daunëi]], [[Col Da Lech]] y [[Larciunëi (Sëlva)|Larciunëi]] a nord, [[Frëina (Sëlva)|Frëina]] a sud y [[Ciampac (Sëlva)|Ciampac]] y [[Val]] a est. === Tlima === Sëlva à n tlima alpin. I insteies ie bëndebo curc y moi. La mesaries mascimes d'instà ie danter 18 y 21&nbsp;°C, de nuet toma la temperatures normalmënter ju a danter 6 y 9&nbsp;°C. L'inviern ie te Sëlva bëndebo frëit, cun temperatures mascimes danter 0 y 2&nbsp;°C via per l di y de nuet toma la temperatures normalmënter ju a danter -6 y -9&nbsp;°C.<br> L mëns plu mol ie juni cun 135&nbsp;mm de prezipitazions, l plu sut ie fauré cun mé 21&nbsp;mm. Chisc dac ie stai muserei dala stazion dal tëmp te Plan a n'autëza de 1.594 metri danter l 1991 y l 2016.{{Tlima | TABELLE = | DIAGRAMM TEMPERATURA = | DIAGRAMM PREZIPITAZION = | DIAGRAMM PREZIPITAZIONS AUTEZA = 150 | FUNTANA = ''[http://www.provinz.bz.it/wetter/download/73500MS-TS-SelvaGardena-Wolkenstein.pdf Valores al mëns temperatures]'' y ''[http://www.provinz.bz.it/wetter/download/73500MS-PS-SelvaGardena-Wolkenstein.pdf Valores al mëns prezipitazions]''. Servisc meteo y levines de la provinzia autonoma de Bulsan - Südtirol (Perioda 1991–2016) | Titul = | Luech = Sëlva (Stazion dal tëmp te Plan a 1.594 metri) | hmjan = 0.3 | hmfeb = 1.8 | hmmär = 5.3 | hmapr = 8.9 | hmmai = 13.7 | hmjun = 17.9 | hmjul = 20.2 | hmaug = 19.3 | hmsep = 14.6 | hmokt = 9.4 | hmnov = 4.0 | hmdez = 0.0 | lmjan = −7.6 | lmfeb = −8.1 | lmmär = -4.8 | lmapr = -1.3 | lmmai = 2.8 | lmjun = 6.3 | lmjul = 8.2 | lmaug = 8.1 | lmsep = 4.6 | lmokt = 0.9 | lmnov = -3.0 | lmdez = -6.5 | avjan = -3.7 | avfeb = -3.1 | avmär = 0.2 | avapr = 3.8 | avmai = 8.3 | avjun = 12.1 | avjul = 14.2 | avaug = 13.7 | avsep = 9.6 | avokt = 5.2 | avnov = 0.5 | avdez = -3.3 | nbjan = 24.0 | nbfeb = 20.8 | nbmär = 36.2 | nbapr = 55.9 | nbmai = 94.4 | nbjun = 135.0 | nbjul = 126.7 | nbaug = 126.7 | nbsep = 85.1 | nbokt = 92.1 | nbnov = 77.2 | nbdez = 37.5 | gmjan = -19 | gmfeb = -21 | gmmär = -21 | gmapr = -16 | gmmai = -7 | gmjun = -3 | gmjul = 0 | gmaug = -2 | gmsep = -6 | gmokt = -12 | gmnov = -15 | gmdez = -21 | gma = -21 | fmjan = 11 | fmfeb = 15 | fmmär = 17 | fmapr = 20 | fmmai = 25 | fmjun = 30 | fmjul = 29 | fmaug = 30 | fmsep = 26 | fmokt = 20 | fmnov = 17 | fmdez = 11 | fma = 30 | rdjan = 4.7 | rdfeb = 4.7 | rdmär = 5.8 | rdapr = 8.6 | rdmai = 12.1 | rdjun = 14.2 | rdjul = 12.7 | rdaug = 12.0 | rdsep = 9.0 | rdokt = 8.6 | rdnov = 8.3 | rddez = 5.8 }} == Storia == [[File:Dorfszene in Wolkenstein um 1900.jpg|thumb|left|Sëlva ntëur al 1900.]] Te la [[mont]]es ntëur Sëlva ([[Tramans]], [[Chedul]], [[Plan de Frea]], [[Pra da Ri]]) iel da abiné luesc ulache te la preistoria vivova ciaciadëures y abinadëures. N à ënghe abinà cërta luejes te la [[zità di Sasc]] daujin al [[jëuf de Sela]], ma chëstes semea che fova for mé nridlamënc temporeres ajache l tumova for inò ju sasc. Nfin al scumenciamënt dl [[Medieve]] semea che Sëlva fova per gran pert n bosch y dejabiteda. L toponim ''Silva'' ie per l prim iede unit adurvà tl 1166 y uel di ''bosch''. L inuem tudësch ie stat adurvà per l prim iede tl 1237 te la forma ''Wolchenstain''.<ref>Hans von Voltelini: ''Die Südtiroler Notariats-Imbreviaturen des 13. Jahrhunderts'' (Acta Tirolensia, II), Innsbruck, Wagner, 1899, n. 623</ref> L vën dala familia nëubla [[Wolkenstein-Trostburg]] y si ciastel. Chësc inuem vën dant tl urbar [[tirol]]ej dl [[grof Meinhard II.]] de Tirol-Görz tl ann 1288 coche ''ze Wolchenstein''.<ref>Oswald Zingerle: ''Meinhards II. Urbare der Grafschaft Tirol'' (Fontes rerum Austriacarum II/45). Wien: F. Tempsky 1890, XVI, 194.</ref> == Pulitica == Ambolc dal 1952 incà:<ref>{{Internetquelle | url=http://www.gvcc.net/gemeindeamt/html/GEMEINDEN50-Jahre-dt.pdf | titel=Die Bürgermeister der Gemeinden Südtirols seit 1952 | werk=Festschrift 50 Jahre Südtiroler Gemeindeverband 1954–2004 | hrsg=Südtiroler Gemeindenverband | seiten=139–159 | zugriff=2015-11-16 | format=PDF; 15 MB}}</ref> * 1952–1960: Anton Vinatzer * 1960–1964: Rodolfo Kasslatter * 1964–1980: Franz Costa * 1980–1985: Ferdinand Mussner * 1985–1996: Hermann Senoner * 1996–2010: Roland Demetz * 2010–2015: Peter Mussner * 2015–2025: Roland Demetz * 2025–{{0|0000}}: Tobias Nocker == Economia == [[File:Prospekt_Wolkenstein_i_Gröden_ca_1960.jpg|thumb|N pruspet turistich de Sëlva di ani 1960]] L majer ram de l'economia te Sëlva ie l [[turism]]. Pra na populazion de mpue plu de 2.600 persones à Sëlva 8.700 liec per turisć y 1.300.000 sëuranuetes a l'ann.<ref>DOLOMITES Val Gardena Konsortialgesellschaft m.b.H.: ''Urlaubsfibel'' 2021, 6.</ref> Chësc ie ënghe scialdi tler da coche l luech cëla ora, cun n gran numer de hotiei y [[furnadoia|mplanc portamont]]. Dantaldut ie mpurtant l turism da d'inviern, sciche ënghe tl rest de la Ladinia. La [[chiena]] ie ënghe stata giut alalongia scialdi mpurtanta per l'economia, ma sciche tl rest de Gherdëina à chësc ram de l'economia scialdi lascià do ala fin dl 20ejim secul. Tres l crëscer de la chiena tl 19ejim secul oven tëut la dezijion de giaurì la [[scola d'ert de Sëlva]] tl 1908. Do che l'mpurtanza de la chiena ova scialdi lascià do y l numer de studënc fova deventà massa pitl, oven tl 2003 tëut la dezijion de stlu defin la scola d'ert de Sëlva. == Nfrastrutura y trasport == [[File:StazioneSelvaGardena1959.jpg|miniatura|left|La ferata de Gherdëina te Sëlva tl 1959 che va de viers de ora de la valeda.]] ===Stredes=== Tres Sëlva passa la [[Streda Statela 242 de Gherdëina y dl Jëuf de Sela|streda statela 242]] che la culeghea cul rest de Gherdëina y la [[Val dl Isarch]] a vest y i [[jëuf]]es a est. Sun [[Plan de Gralba]] se spartësc la streda statela 242 te la [[streda statela 243 dl Jëuf de Frea]] che va inant sul [[jëuf de Frea]] a 2.121 m y fina a [[Corvara]], ulache la va ite te la [[streda statela 244 de la Val Badia]]. === Curiera === Te [[Plan (frazion de Sëlva)|Plan]] fina y scumëncia plu linies de curieres dl [[servisc de trasport SAD]]. La linia 350 che va a [[Pruca]], [[Bulsan]] y [[Persenon]], la linia 473 che va a [[Corvara]] y la linia 471 che va sul [[jëuf de Pordoi]]. === Ferata === {{Cëla nce|Ferata de Gherdëina}}Tres l luech de Sëlva passova la [[ferata de Gherdëina]] che jiva da [[Tluses]] nfin te [[Plan (frazion de Sëlva)|Plan]]. L servisc de ferata ova scumencià ai 6 de fauré dl 1916 y fova unì stlut do 44 ani ai 28 de mei dl 1960.<ref>Elfriede Perathoner, Stefano Planker, ''Scibla mo n iede - Endstation Zukunft - Fine corsa futuro'' catalog de la mostra sun la ferata de Gherdëina, p.&nbsp;105, Museum Ladin, 2011</ref> Puecia trates de la ferata à sëuravivù. Tl 1970 ie l tòch da Tluses nfin a Urtijëi stat mudà te la [[Streda Statela 242 de Gherdëina y dl Jëuf de Sela|streda statela 242dir]], ne'n fajan n ram de la SS242 che culeghea Urtijëi cun [[Pruca]]. La trata da Urtijëi nfin te Plan ie stata mudeda te na promenade y ultimamënter a tòc ënghe te na [[streda per la rodes]].<ref>Elfriede Perathoner, Stefan Planker, ''Scibla mo 'n iëde''. Museum Ladin, San Martin de Tor 2011, ISBN 978-88-89255-33-9. Catalogo di mostra</ref> == Educazion == [[File:Scola Mesana de Sëlva.jpeg|miniatura|alt=La Scola Mesana de Sëlva.|La Scola Mesana de Sëlva.]] Tl chemun de Sëlva dal na [[scola elementera]] y na [[scola mesana]] per la grupa ladina. Tramedoves toca pra la [[Direzion Raionela de Scola Ladina]] de Sëlva, che aministrea nce la scola elementera de [[Santa Cristina]].<ref>{{Internetquelle|url=http://www.provinz.bz.it/de/institutionen/institutionen-kategorien.asp?bninf_inid=1002800|hrsg=[[Südtiroler Bürgernetz]]|titel=Schulsprengel Wolkenstein|zugriff=2014-10-25}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025120616/http://www.provinz.bz.it/de/institutionen/institutionen-kategorien.asp?bninf_inid=1002800 |date=2014-10-25 }}</ref> L'mpurtanza dl ziplé ova purtà ala giaurida de la [[scola d'ert de Sëlva]] de novëmber dl 1908 a [[Plan da Tieja]]. Per giut tëmp iela stata na istituzion scialdi mpurtanta per l'educazion artistica sibe per Sëlva che per S. Cristina. Danter l 1918 y l 1930 ova la scola d'ert de Sëlva uni ann danter 150 y 235 studënc. Danter l 1930 y l 1945 fovel mé plu ntëur a 50 studënc y do l 1970 fova l numer jit mo plu zeruch. Cul scumenciamënt dl nuef milené fova l numer de studënc tan bas che tl 2001 oven tëut la dezijion de mëter adum la scola d'ert de Sëlva cun la [[scola d'ert de Urtijëi]]. Tl 2003 an po tëut la dezijion de stlu la scola d'ert defin. == Sport == [[File:Stadium_Pranives.jpg|miniatura|Ududa dl stadium dala dlacia [[stadium Pranives|''Pranives'']] ulache jughea l [[HC Gherdëina]].]]Sëlva pieta n grum de puscibiliteies per chëi che ie nteressei al sport da d'inviern sciche [[jì cun i schi]] o [[pudejé]], [[jadin]]é o [[Hockey sun dlacia|fé a hockey]], nsci sciche ënghe sporc da d'instà sciche [[jì sa mont]] o [[jì a crëp]] o cun la [[roda (mesun de trasport)|roda]]. Te [[Plan (frazion de Sëlva)|Plan]] dal n ciamp dala codla ulache d'instà vën fates partides dal [[juech dala codla]], y l da ënghe n stadium da fé [[tennis]] y [[chidlé]]. ===Hockey=== Sëlva à n [[stadium dala dlacia]], l [[Stadium Pranives|stadium ''Pranives'']], che ie l sëul te Gherdëina y l stadium de cësa de la [[Hockey sun dlacia|scuadra da hockey]] [[HC Gherdëina]]. Dal 1973 al 2000 ova Sëlva ënghe na si scuadra de hockey, l [[HC Sëlva]], che ie po stat metù adum cul HC Gherdëina. == Cumenanza == === Spartizion linguistica === {{Lingaz de apartenënza |talian = 5,11 |tudësch = 5,15 |ladins = 89,74 |ann = 2011 }} === Svilup demografich === Sëlva à abù n gran crëscer de la populazion do la [[segonda viera mundiela]], che ie dublieda dal 1931 al 1971 da 1.000 a plu de 2.000 abitanc. Te chëi ani fova Sëlva cresciuda l plu debota di trëi chemuns de Gherdëina dal pont de ududa prozentuel. Aldidancuei à l luech mpue plu de 2.500 abitanc. Ma l trend se à mudà ti ultimi ani y Sëlva ie dal 2011 incà deventà un di puec chemuns te Südtirol ulache la populazion va zeruch. <timeline> Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:500 height:350 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:3000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:200 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo BarData= bar:1921 text:1921 bar:1931 text:1931 bar:1936 text:1936 bar:1951 text:1951 bar:1961 text:1961 bar:1971 text:1971 bar:1981 text:1981 bar:1991 text:1991 bar:2001 text:2001 bar:2011 text:2011 bar:2021 text:2021 PlotData= color:barra width:20 align:left bar:1921 from: 0 till:999 bar:1931 from: 0 till:999 bar:1936 from: 0 till:1102 bar:1951 from: 0 till:1282 bar:1961 from: 0 till:1604 bar:1971 from: 0 till:2137 bar:1981 from: 0 till:2294 bar:1991 from: 0 till:2394 bar:2001 from: 0 till:2513 bar:2011 from: 0 till:2660 bar:2021 from: 0 till:2592 PlotData= bar:1921 at:999 fontsize:S text: 999 shift:(-8,5) bar:1931 at:999 fontsize:S text: 999 shift:(-8,5) bar:1936 at:1102 fontsize:S text: 1102 shift:(-8,5) bar:1951 at:1282 fontsize:S text: 1282 shift:(-8,5) bar:1961 at:1604 fontsize:S text: 1604 shift:(-8,5) bar:1971 at:2137 fontsize:S text: 2137 shift:(-8,5) bar:1981 at:2294 fontsize:S text: 2294 shift:(-8,5) bar:1991 at:2394 fontsize:S text: 2394 shift:(-8,5) bar:2001 at:2513 fontsize:S text: 2513 shift:(-8,5) bar:2011 at:2660 fontsize:S text: 2660 shift:(-8,5) bar:2021 at:2592 fontsize:S text: 2592 shift:(-8,5) TextData= fontsize:S pos:(20,20) text:Dac dl ISTAT </timeline> == Galaria dala fotografies== <gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="180"> 1 wolkenstein selva italy 2009.jpg|Ududa de Sëlva sa Plan ora Val Sëlva y Mont de Sëuc cun Sciliër.jpg|Val Puez.JPG|Puez Gröden by Gustav Jahn.JPG| L luech dit ‘Corpomio‘‘ te na pitura de [[Gustav Jahn]] Creusc_sun_Cesa_Sotanives_te_Selva.jpg|Crëusc sun cësa Sotanives I08 007 Grödnerbahnplanum.jpg|Ududa de Dorives tl vest de Sëlva Prei de Cudlea sun Frea Sëlva cun Saslong.jpg|Prei de Cudlea sun Frea te Sëlva </gallery> == Da vijité == * [[Dlieja Santa Maria ad Nives]] * [[Capeles de Gherdëina#Sëlva|Capeles de Sëlva]] * [[Ciastel de Gherdëina]] * [[Ciastel de Val]] == Monumënc sota scunanza == Te Sëlva ie 11 frabicac sota scunanza dla [[Südtirol|Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol]]: la dlieja dla Madona, la capela San Silvester de Val y de Santa Otilia pra l Ciastel, l sedim de Val, l Ciastel, la Cësa sun Col da la Pelda doi villes, villa Fossi y l pitl ciastel, y 4 mejes, Ruacia, Plazola, Piciulëi y [[Gustin]]. <gallery> Dlieja y curtina de Sëlva dovia.jpg|La [[Dlieja Santa Maria ad Nives|dlieja dla Madona]] y la curtina de Sëlva<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18017 Dlieja sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol.]</ref> Steviola_Capela_San_Silvester_da_duman_Gherdëina.jpg|[[Capela de San Silvester]] te Val<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18019 Capela de Val sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol.]</ref>. Fischburg detail with S Christina Gröden.jpg|[[Ciastel de Gherdëina|L Ciastel]]<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18011 Ciastel, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol].</ref>. Burgruine Wolkenstein Gröden.jpg|L [[sedim de Val]]<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18021 Sedim de Val, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol].</ref>. Col dala Pelda Sëlva North.jpg|Cësa ''[[Col dala Pelda]]''<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18013 Cësa Col dala Pelda, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol.]</ref>. Wolkensteinschlössl Gherdëina.jpg|Pitl ciastel (Ciastel dl Brida)<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18020 Pitl ciastel, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol.]</ref>. Villa Fossi Sëlva.jpg|Villa Fossi<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18022 Villa Fossi, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol].</ref>. Ruacia_Sëlva_north.jpg|[[Ruacia]]<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18012 Ruacia, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol.]</ref>. Plazola in Sëlva.jpg|[[Plazola]]<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18016 Plazola, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol.]</ref>. Piciulëi in La Poza Sëlva.jpg|Piciulëi<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18015 Piciulëi, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol.]</ref>. Gustin in La Poza Sëlva western aspect.jpg|Gustin<ref>[https://www.provinz.bz.it/kunst-kultur/denkmalpflege/monumentbrowser-suche.asp?status=detail&id=18014 Gustin, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol.]</ref>. </gallery> == Monumënc naturei == Tl chemun de Sëlva dal diesc luesc dla natura, che ie sota la defendura dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. <gallery> Pisciadoi de Murfrëit Gherdëina.jpg|Pisciadoi de [[Murfrëit]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1771 |title=Pisciadoi de Murfreit, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140335/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1771 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Zirms sun Piz Culac Sëlva Gherdëina.jpg|Doi [[zirm]]es sun Piz Culac<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1772 |title=Doi zirmes sun Piz Culac |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140333/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1772 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Lën de zirm sun Piz Culac Sëlva Gherdëina.jpg|Lën de zirm sun Piz Culac<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1773 |title=Lën de zirm, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140331/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1773 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Paluc de Tubia Sëlva Gherdëina.jpg|Paluch de Tubia<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1774 |title=Paluch de Tubia, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140332/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1774 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Selva_Sella_Saslonch_Lech_de_Ciampac.jpg|Lech de Ciampac<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1775 |title=Lech de Ciampac, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140327/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1775 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Ruf_Ciavazes_Selva_Gherdeina_plu_insu.jpg|[[Ruf de Ciavazes]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1777 |title=Ruf de Ciavazes, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140336/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1777 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Paluc_de_Piz_Culac_Sëlva_Gherdëina.jpg|Palusc de Piz Culac (La Palues)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1776 |title=Palusc de Piz Culac, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140332/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1776 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Paluc Frea Pilon Gherdëina.jpg|Palusc de Frea Pilon<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1778 |title=Palusc de Frea Pilon, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140328/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1778 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Prei_de_Cudlea_sun_Frea_Sëlva.jpg|Prei de Cudlea<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1779 |title=Prei de Cudlea, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140357/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1779 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. Steinerne Stadt Langkofelgruppe.jpg|[[Zità di Sasc]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1455 |title=Zità di Sasc, sota scunanza dla Provinzia de Bulsan - Südtirol. |access-date=2023-02-03 |archive-date=2023-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203140336/https://geoservices.buergernetz.bz.it/newplan/naturalmonuments.jsp?id=1455 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. </gallery> == Lies == * [[Hosianna]] == Persunaliteies == {{Cëla nce|Persunaliteies ladines}} {{Culones-lista|colwidth=25em| * [[Mauro Bernardi]] (* 11 agost 1957 te Sëlva), arpizadëur, [[Jì a crëp|mëinacrëp]] y n ex-[[Jì cun i schi|schiadëur]] * [[Belsy|Belsy Demetz]] (* 23 dezëmber 1984 a [[Kerala]], [[India]]), [[ciantarin]]a de mujiga populera * [[Stefan Demetz-Sulé]] (* 10 dezëmber 1925 a [[Urtijëi]] - † 7 agost 2017 te Sëlva), [[cumponist]], [[scritëur]] y [[nseniant]] [[Ladins|ladin]]. * [[Pazifica Lardschneider Glück]] (15 de nuvëmber 1930 te Sëlva), [[scritëura]] [[Ladins|ladina]]. * [[Antone Perathoner]] da Fussel (* 28 utober 1864 te Sëlva;† 4 de fauré 1930 a [[Gries-Bulsan]]), preve, professëur y auditor dla [[Sacra Rota]]. * [[Franz Senoner|Franz Senoner-Santuel]] (* 12 juni 1927 sun [[Santuel]], Sëlva - † 3 dezëmber 2019 a [[Urtijëi]]), [[scultura|scultëur]], [[pitura|pitëur]], [[dessëni|desseniadëur]] y [[scritëur]] * [[Sabina Willeit]] (*1973 a Bulsan), mezzosopran * [[Emilio Comici]] (1901–1940), arpizadëur * [[Giovanni Delago]] (1904–?), sportif de [[pudejé]] * [[Adolf Insam]] (* 1951), jugadëur y trainadëur de [[hockey sun dlacia]] * [[Evelyn Insam]] (* 1994), atleta de [[saut cui schi]] * [[Marco Insam]] (* 1989), jugadëur de [[hockey sun dlacia]] * [[Michaela Marzola]] (* 1966), [[Jì cun i schi|schiadëur]]a * [[Gerhard Mussner]] (* 1943), [[Jì cun i schi|schiadëur]] * [[Hans Nogler]] (1919–2011), [[Jì cun i schi|schiadëur]] * [[Sophie Nogler]] (1924–2015), [[Jì cun i schi|schiadëur]]a * [[Werner Perathoner]] (* 1967), [[Jì cun i schi|schiadëur]] * [[Milena Rudiferia]], (* 1954), ciantarina * [[Peter Runggaldier]] (* 1968), [[Jì cun i schi|schiadëur]] * [[Carlo Senoner]] (* 1943), [[Jì cun i schi|schiadëur]] * [[Josefine Senoner]] (* 1941), [[badëssa]] dl [[Cunvënt de Mariengarten]] * [[Karl Unterkircher]] (1970–2008), arpizadëur estrem * [[Alex Vinatzer]] (* 1999), [[Jì cun i schi|schiadëur]] * [[Irmengard Senoner]] (* 1942), [[badëssa]] dl [[Cunvënt de Mariengarten]] }} == Referimënc tla leteratura ladina == [[File:Proverbi, tradizioni e anneddoti delle valli ladine orientali.djvu|page=121|thumb|100px|left]]Chisc ie i referimënc a Sëlva tla [[leteratura ladina]]. <i> <poem> La storia de Sëlva foss fineda! Chël ch'é scrit, ie urità senza vester laudeda; Da scrì essi bën abù mo zeche pro, Ma per no bravé massa spizi pro, Y spizi pro cun n raim o poejia A unëur dla Madona de Santa Maria. </poem> ::::[[Fedele Demetz]] '''[[oldwikisource:Furcela di padrons|Furcela di padrons]]''' Da vedlamënter l' Grof de Sëlva ova fat giavé dala jënt de Sëlva n lech, y i ova fac lauré debant. I primes pësc me vën mpo mil rainesc l un. Do puec ani iel unì na gran burasca y l lech ie rot ora y l' ega à fat n dann per duta Gherdëina, che n' ie mei stat l cumpagn. L didancuei vëijun mo cater salieries n pas sot tiera, fates de gran lëns, y palances seura via curides. N puech dedora dla salieries iel de gran sasc y de gran bujes sotite, ulache zacan la lores se fajova coes. </i> == Referënzes == {{reflist}} == Bibliografia == * Oswald Zingerle: ''Meinhards II. Urbare der Grafschaft Tirol (Fontes rerum Austriacarum II/45)''. Wien: F. Tempsky 1890, XVI, 194. * Hans von Voltelini: ''Die Südtiroler Notariats-Imbreviaturen des 13. Jahrhunderts (Acta Tirolensia, II)'', Innsbruck, Wagner, 1899, n. 623 * Paul Senoner: ''Stredes dla vita, troies dla fede''. Pluania de Sëlva 2003. * Rudolf Mussner (curadëur): ''Nosta Sëlva''. Cunsëi de Furmazion de Sëlva, Sëlva 1a edizion 2010. * Elfriede Perathoner, Stefano Planker: ''Scibla mo n iede - Endstation Zukunft - Fine corsa futuro''. Catalog de la mostra sun la ferata de Gherdëina, p. 105, Museum Ladin, 2011 * Deplu autëures: ''Chemun de Sëlva - chertes ortofoto cun i toponims ladins''. Istitut Ladin Micurá de Rü, 2017 ISBN 978-88-8171-119-2. == Cëla ënghe == * [[Val]] * [[Ruves de Gherdëina]] * [[Lec de Gherdëina]] == Cunliamënc == * [https://www.selvafoto.it/ld/ Sëlva lecurdanzes da pludagiut - Cunsëi de Furmazion Sëlva] {{chemuns Ladinia}} {{Salten-Sciliër}} [[Categoria:Comuns dla provinzia de Bulsan|Sëlva]] [[Categoria:Gherdëina|Sëlva]] [[Categoria:Comuns dl Trentin-Südtirol|Sëlva]] [[Categoria:Comuns dl Trentin-Südtirol]] mgryo5ekb8sa7ggl9rc22wk7notl6kd Ruacia 0 3254 251251 111592 2026-06-02T10:28:30Z Moroder 67 251251 wikitext text/x-wiki {{gherdëina}}[[File:Ruacia Sëlva Santa Cristina.jpg|thumb|280px|Ududa de Ruacia da sota [[Ciaslat]]. A man drëta la stazion a val de la [[furnadoia]] [[Saslong (furnadoia)|Saslong]].]] '''Ruacia''' ie n [[ridl]] tl chemun de [[Sëlva]] te [[Gherdëina]]. L ne conta nia ufizialmënter coche na [[Frazion (Talia)|frazion]]. Scebën che Ruacia toca pra l chemun de Sëlva, iel geograficamënter plu daujin a y toca pra la pluania de [[Santa Cristina]]. La populazion de Ruacia va perchël ënghe a scola y a mëssa a Santa Cristina.<br> Ruacia ie l travert dl [[purtoi dai schi]] ''[[Saslong]]'' y de la [[Copa dl Mond de schi alpin|garejedes de schi de copa dl mond]] che vën fates sul purtoi uni ann. A Ruacia va l [[ruf da Ncisles]] y l [[ruf di Strënc]] tl [[Derjon]]. == Mejes == <gallery> File:Ruacia Sëlva north.jpg|L mesc de Ruacia. File:Cësa Ampezan Ridl da Ruacia Sëlva.jpeg|La cësa dl Ampezan </gallery> I [[mejes]] dl ridl da Ruacia ie: Ampezan, Nucia, [[Ciaslat]], Dlaces Dessëura, Dlaces Dessot, Ronch, Fridl, Ciastel, Marisan, Sociastel, Paulin (Marisana), Julian, Dorives Dessëura, Dorives (Damez), Dorives Dessot, Mulin da Ruacia, Ruacia, Ruacia Dessëura<ref>Barbara Lanz, Sonja Mitterer: ''Höfekarte Gröden.'' Museum Gherdëina, Urtijëi 2014, ISBN 978-88-909015-0-8.</ref>. == Referënzes == <references/> {{Ridli de Gherdëina}} {{Mejes de Gherdëina}} [[Categoria:Ridli te Gherdëina|Ruacia]] [[Categoria:Sëlva|Ruacia]] beigixvn3g6sgaqszotgzgbk67yy8fj 251252 251251 2026-06-02T10:30:30Z Moroder 67 251252 wikitext text/x-wiki {{gherdëina}}[[File:Ruacia Sëlva Santa Cristina.jpg|thumb|280px|Ududa de Ruacia da sota [[Ciaslat]]. A man drëta la stazion a val de la [[furnadoia]] [[Saslong (furnadoia)|Saslong]].]] '''Ruacia''' ie n [[ridl]] tl chemun de [[Sëlva]] te [[Gherdëina]]. L ne conta nia ufizialmënter coche na [[Frazion (Talia)|frazion]]. Scebën che Ruacia toca pra l chemun de Sëlva, iel geograficamënter plu daujin a y toca pra la pluania de [[Santa Cristina]]. La populazion de Ruacia va perchël ënghe a scola y a mëssa a Santa Cristina.<br> Ruacia ie l travert dl [[purtoi dai schi]] ''[[Saslong]]'' y de la [[Copa dl Mond de schi alpin|garejedes de schi de copa dl mond]] che vën fates sul purtoi uni ann. A Ruacia va l [[ruf da Ncisles]] y l [[ruf di Strënc]] o Ruf dal Ampezan tl [[Derjon]]. == Mejes == <gallery> File:Ruacia Sëlva north.jpg|L mesc de Ruacia. File:Cësa Ampezan Ridl da Ruacia Sëlva.jpeg|La cësa dl Ampezan </gallery> I [[mejes]] dl ridl da Ruacia ie: Ampezan, Nucia, [[Ciaslat]], Dlaces Dessëura, Dlaces Dessot, Ronch, Fridl, Ciastel, Marisan, Sociastel, Paulin (Marisana), Julian, Dorives Dessëura, Dorives (Damez), Dorives Dessot, Mulin da Ruacia, Ruacia, Ruacia Dessëura<ref>Barbara Lanz, Sonja Mitterer: ''Höfekarte Gröden.'' Museum Gherdëina, Urtijëi 2014, ISBN 978-88-909015-0-8.</ref>. == Referënzes == <references/> {{Ridli de Gherdëina}} {{Mejes de Gherdëina}} [[Categoria:Ridli te Gherdëina|Ruacia]] [[Categoria:Sëlva|Ruacia]] nugjmn48q0eikf5mekm9e0bqzj1ktzw Varëta d'or de la Ruscia 0 64741 251247 111287 2026-06-01T16:28:19Z InternetArchiveBot 4149 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 251247 wikitext text/x-wiki {{gherdëina}}{{Location map+ |Russia Central Federal District |border = |caption = Moscau y la ziteies de la ''varëta d'or'' sun na cherta dl [[Raion Federel Zentrel]] de la Ruscia. |float = right |label = |width = 290 |places = {{Location map~|Russia Central Federal District|lat=55.45|long=37.37|position=bottom|label=[[Moscau]]}} {{Location map~|Russia Central Federal District|lat=56.30|long=38.13|position=left|label={{nowrap|[[Serghiev Posad]]}}}} {{Location map~|Russia Central Federal District|lat=56.73|long=38.85|position=left|label={{nowrap|[[Pereslavl-Salesschi|Pereslavl-S.]]}}}} {{Location map~|Russia Central Federal District|lat=57.18|long=39.42|position=left|label=[[Rostov]]}} {{Location map~|Russia Central Federal District|lat=57.62|long=39.85|position=left|label=[[Iaroslavl]]}} {{Location map~|Russia Central Federal District|lat=57.77|long=40.93|position=|label=[[Kostroma]]}} {{Location map~|Russia Central Federal District|lat=57.00|long=40.98|position=|label=[[Ivanovo]]}} {{Location map~|Russia Central Federal District|lat=56.42|long=40.45|position=|label=[[Susdal]]}} {{Location map~|Russia Central Federal District|lat=56.13|long=40.42|position=bottom|label=[[Vladimir (zità)|Vladimir]]}} }}La '''Varëta d'or de la Ruscia''' ([[lingaz rus|rus]]: Золото́е кольцо́ Росси́и) ie na grupa de vedla ziteies y luesc te la [[Ruscia]] tl raion ntëur [[Moscau]]. Chësta ziteies ie sun na trata a forma de na [[varëta]] che ie stata penseda per l [[turism]] per via de si culezion de vedli cunvënc, [[creml]]i y autra atrazions. == Ziteies de la varëta d'or == {{gallery|mode=packed | title = Ejëmpli de atrazions de la varëta d'or |File:Lavra, aerial view 4 - Sergiyev Posad, Russia - panoramio.jpg|L [[cunvënt de la Trinità de San Serghiev]] a [[Sergiyev Posad]] |File:Горицкий-монастырь-шелапутин-2007-2557.jpg|L cunvënt ''Goritsky'' a [[Pereslavl-Salesschi]] |File:RostovKremlin 5911.JPG|L creml de Rostov a [[Rostov]] |File:Yaroslavl. Volga River. Cathedral of the Dormition P5212715 2200.jpg|La ''[[:ru:Успенский собор (Ярославль)|Catedrela de la Dormizion]]'' a [[Iaroslavl]] |File:Ипатьевский монастырь вид с Волги.jpg|L cunvënt ''Ipatievsky'' a [[Kostroma]] |File:Ivanovo asv2018-08 img55 Fokin Manufactory.jpg|Fokin Manufactory a [[Ivanovo]] |File:Суздаль, Покровский монастырь, взгляд от Александровского монастыря.jpg|L cunvënt ''Pokrovsky'' y l ''cunvënt de San Euthymius'' a [[Susdal]] |File:Владимир, вид на Успенский собор.JPG|La ''Catedrela de la Dormizion'' a [[Vladimir (zità)|Vladimir]] }} [[File:Кострома - panoramio (1).jpg|right|thumb|[[Kostroma]] is one of the cities which belongs to the Golden Ring of Russia''.'' The city was an important trading city in ancient Rus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://waytorussia.net/GoldenRing/Kostroma/Kostroma.html|title=The Introduction to Kostroma|date=2016-04-27|website=Way to Russia Guide|language=en|access-date=2019-03-01|archive-date=2019-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301201538/https://waytorussia.net/GoldenRing/Kostroma/Kostroma.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Photo of the [[Ipatievsky Monastery]], 2009]] {| border=0 style="float:left" |- |width=50px height=50px| |width=50px align=right| [[File:Coat of Arms of Sergiev Posad (Moscow oblast).png|40px|link=Sergiyev Posad]] |width=25px| |width=50px align=left valign=bottom| [[File:Coat of Arms of Pereslavl-Zalessky (Yaroslavl oblast).png|40px|link=Pereslavl-Salesschi]] |width=50px| |- |height=50px align=center|[[File:Coat of Arms of Vladimir (Vladimir oblast).svg|40px|link=Vladimir, Russia|Vladimir]] || || || |align=center| [[File:Coat of Arms of Rostov (Yaroslavl oblast).png|40px|link=Rostov]] |- |height=25px| || || || || |- |height=50px align=center | [[File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Suzdal.png|40px|link=Suzdal]] || || || |align=center| [[File:Coat of Arms of Yaroslavl (1995).png|40px|link=Yaroslavl]] |- |height=50px| |align=right valign=top| [[File:Coat-of-Arms-of-Ivanovo-(Ivanovskaya oblast).svg|40px|link=Ivanovo]] || |align=left valign=top| [[File:Kostroma COA (Kostroma Governorate) (1767).png|40px|link=Kostroma]] || |- |} ==Referënzes== {{Reflist}} [[Categoria:Varëta d'or de la Ruscia]] [[Categoria:Ruscia]] mn1visw62jbslcegmu06uly0tn98pal Utente:PK2/sandbox 2 189599 251249 245534 2026-06-02T01:28:27Z PK2 852 add sandbox pages for new Wikipedia editions 251249 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%" |+ Pages I have in my sandbox |- | &nbsp; |} ;<div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; font-size:85%">My sandbox pages in different languages by language code</div> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ A |- | [[:ab:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]]<br />(code: <code>ab</code>) | [[:ace:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Acehnese language|Acehnese]]<br />(code: <code>ace</code>) | [[:ady:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Adyghe language|Adyghe]]<br />(code: <code>ady</code>) | [[:af:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Afrikaans|Afrikaans]]<br />(code: <code>af</code>) | [[:als:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Alemannic German|Alemannic German]]<br />(code: <code>als</code>) | [[:alt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Southern Altai language|Southern Altai]]<br />(code: <code>alt</code>) | [[:am:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Amharic|Amharic]]<br />(code: <code>am</code>) | [[:ami:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Amis language|Amis]]<br />(code: <code>ami</code>) | [[:an:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aragonese language|Aragonese]]<br />(code: <code>an</code>) | [[:ang:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Old English|Old English]]<br />(code: <code>ang</code>) |- | [[:ann:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Obolo language|Obolo]]<br />(code: <code>ann</code>) | [[:anp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Angika|Angika]]<br />(code: <code>anp</code>) | [[:ar:User:PK2/ملعب|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Arabic|Arabic]]<br />(code: <code>ar</code>) | [[:arc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aramaic|Aramaic]] ([[:en:Syriac language|Syriac]])<br />(code: <code>arc</code>) | [[:ary:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Moroccan Arabic|Moroccan Arabic]]<br />(code: <code>ary</code>) | [[:arz:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Egyptian Arabic|Egyptian Arabic]]<br />(code: <code>arz</code>) | [[:as:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Assamese language|Assamese]]<br />(code: <code>as</code>) | [[:ast:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Asturleonese language|Asturleonese]] ([[:en:Asturian language|Asturian]])<br />(code: <code>ast</code>) | [[:atj:User:PK2/Kokwetcitasinahikan|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Atikamekw language|Atikamekw]]<br />(code: <code>atj</code>) | [[:av:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Avar language|Avar]]<br />(code: <code>av</code>) |- | [[:avk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kotava|Kotava]]<br />(code: <code>avk</code>) | [[:awa:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Awadhi language|Awadhi]]<br />(code: <code>awa</code>) | [[:ay:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aymara language|Aymara]]<br />(code: <code>ay</code>) | [[:az:User:PK2/Qaralama|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]<br />(code: <code>az</code>) | [[:azb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language#South Azerbaijani|South Azerbaijani]]<br />(code: <code>azb</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ B |- | [[:ba:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bashkir language|Bashkir]]<br />(code: <code>ba</code>) | [[:ban:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Balinese language|Balinese]]<br />(code: <code>ban</code>) | [[:bar:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bavarian language|Bavarian]]<br />(code: <code>bar</code>) | [[:bat-smg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Samogitian language|Samogitian]]<br />(code: <code>bat-smg</code>) | [[:bbc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Toba Batak language|Toba Batak]]<br />(code: <code>bbc</code>) | [[:bcl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Central Bikol|Central Bikol]]<br />(code: <code>bcl</code>) | [[:bdr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sama–Bajaw languages|West Coast Bajau]]<br />(code: <code>bdr</code>) | [[:be:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]]<br />(code: <code>be</code>) | [[:be-tarask:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]] ([[:en:Taraškievica|Taraškievica]])<br />(code: <code>be-tarask</code>) | [[:bew:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Betawi language|Betawi]]<br />(code: <code>bew</code>) |- | [[:bg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]<br />(code: <code>bg</code>) | [[:bh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bihari languages|Bihari]] ([[:en:Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]])<br />(code: <code>bh</code>) | [[:bi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bislama|Bislama]]<br />(code: <code>bi</code>) | [[:bjn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Banjarese language|Banjarese]]<br />(code: <code>bjn</code>) | [[:blk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pa'O language|Pa'O]]<br />(code: <code>blk</code>) | [[:bm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bambara language|Bambara]]<br />(code: <code>bm</code>) | [[:bn:User:PK2/খেলাঘর|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bengali language|Bengali]]<br />(code: <code>bn</code>) | [[:bo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Central Tibetan|Central Tibetan]] ([[:en:Lhasa Tibetan|Lhasa Tibetan]])<br />(code: <code>bo</code>) | [[:bpy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bishnupriya Manipuri|Bishnupriya Manipuri]]<br />(code: <code>bpy</code>) | [[:br:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Breton language|Breton]]<br />(code: <code>br</code>) |- | [[:bs:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Bosnian language|Bosnian]]<br />(code: <code>bs</code>) | [[:btm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mandailing Batak language|Mandailing Batak]]<br />(code: <code>btm</code>) | [[:bug:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Buginese language|Buginese]]<br />(code: <code>bug</code>) | [[:bxr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Buryat language|Buryat]] (Russia Buriat)<br />(code: <code>bxr</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ C |- | [[:ca:User:PK2/proves|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Catalan language|Catalan]]<br />(code: <code>ca</code>) | [[:cbk-zam:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chavacano|Chavacano]] (Zamboanga)<br />(code: <code>cbk-zam</code>) | [[:cdo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Eastern Min|Eastern Min]]<br />(code: <code>cdo</code>) | [[:ce:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chechen language|Chechen]]<br />(code: <code>ce</code>) | [[:ceb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cebuano language|Cebuano]]<br />(code: <code>ceb</code>) | [[:ch:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chamorro language|Chamorro]]<br />(code: <code>ch</code>) | [[:chr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cherokee language|Cherokee]]<br />(code: <code>chr</code>) | [[:chy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cheyenne language|Cheyenne]]<br />(code: <code>chy</code>) |- | [[:ckb:User:PK2/خۆڵەپەتانێ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Sorani|Sorani]])<br />(code: <code>ckb</code>) | [[:co:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Corsican language|Corsican]]<br />(code: <code>co</code>) | [[:crh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]]<br />(code: <code>crh</code>) | [[:cs:User:PK2/Pískoviště|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Czech language|Czech]]<br />(code: <code>cs</code>) | [[:csb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kashubian language|Kashubian]]<br />(code: <code>csb</code>) | [[:cu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Old Church Slavonic|Old Church Slavonic]]<br />(code: <code>cu</code>) | [[:cv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chuvash language|Chuvash]]<br />(code: <code>cv</code>) | [[:cy:User:PK2/Pwll Tywod|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Welsh language|Welsh]]<br />(code: <code>cy</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ D |- | [[:da:User:PK2/sandkasse|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Danish language|Danish]]<br />(code: <code>da</code>) | [[:dag:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dagbani language|Dagbani]]<br />(code: <code>dag</code>) | [[:de:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:German language|German]]<br />(code: <code>de</code>) | [[:dga:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dagaare language|Dagaare]]<br />(code: <code>dga</code>) | [[:din:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dinka language|Dinka]]<br />(code: <code>din</code>) | [[:diq:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zaza language|Zaza]]<br />(code: <code>diq</code>) | [[:dsb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lower Sorbian language|Lower Sorbian]]<br />(code: <code>dsb</code>) | [[:dtp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dusun language|Dusun]]<br />(code: <code>dtp</code>) | [[:dty:User:PK2/प्रयोगस्थल|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Doteli|Doteli]]<br />(code: <code>dty</code>) | [[:dv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Maldivian language|Maldivian]]<br />(code: <code>dv</code>) | [[:dz:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dzongkha|Dzongkha]]<br />(code: <code>dz</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ E |- | [[:ee:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ewe language|Ewe]]<br />(code: <code>ee</code>) | [[:el:User:PK2/πρόχειρο|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Greek language|Greek]]<br />(code: <code>el</code>) | [[:eml:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Emilian–Romagnol|Emilian–Romagnol]]<br />(code: <code>eml</code>) | [[:en:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:English language|English]]<br />(code: <code>en</code>) | [[:eo:User:PK2/provejo|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Esperanto|Esperanto]]<br />(code: <code>eo</code>) | [[:es:User:PK2/Taller|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Spanish language|Spanish]]<br />(code: <code>es</code>) | [[:et:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Estonian language|Estonian]]<br />(code: <code>et</code>) | [[:eu:User:PK2/Proba orria|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Basque language|Basque]]<br />(code: <code>eu</code>) | [[:ext:User:PK2/obraol|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]]<br />(code: <code>ext</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ F |- | [[:fa:User:PK2/صفحه تمرین|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Persian language|Persian]]<br />(code: <code>fa</code>) | [[:fat:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] ([[:en:Fante dialect|Fante]])<br />(code: <code>fat</code>) | [[:ff:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fula language|Fula]]<br />(code: <code>ff</code>) | [[:fi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Finnish language|Finnish]]<br />(code: <code>fi</code>) | [[:fiu-vro:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Võro language|Võro]]<br />(code: <code>fiu-vro</code>) | [[:fj:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fijian language|Fijian]]<br />(code: <code>fj</code>) | [[:fo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Faroese language|Faroese]]<br />(code: <code>fo</code>) | [[:fon:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fon language|Fon]]<br />(code: <code>fon</code>) | [[:fr:User:PK2/Brouillon|/sandbox]] in [[:en:French language|French]]<br />(code: <code>fr</code>) | [[:frp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Franco-Provençal|Franco-Provençal]]<br />(code: <code>frp</code>) | [[:frr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:North Frisian language|North Frisian]]<br />(code: <code>frr</code>) | [[:fur:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Friulian language|Friulian]]<br />(code: <code>fur</code>) | [[:fy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:West Frisian language|West Frisian]]<br />(code: <code>fy</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ G |- | [[:ga:User:PK2/Clár Dubh|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Irish language|Irish]]<br />(code: <code>ga</code>) | [[:gag:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gagauz language|Gagauz]]<br />(code: <code>gag</code>) | [[:gan:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gan Chinese|Gan Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>gan</code>) | [[:gcr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:French Guianese Creole|French Guianese Creole]]<br />(code: <code>gcr</code>) | [[:gd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Scottish Gaelic|Scottish Gaelic]]<br />(code: <code>gd</code>) | [[:gl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Galician language|Galician]]<br />(code: <code>gl</code>) | [[:glk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gilaki language|Gilaki]]<br />(code: <code>glk</code>) | [[:gn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Guarani language|Guarani]]<br />(code: <code>gn</code>) | [[:gom:User:PK2/proiogpan|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Konkani language|Konkani]] (Goan Konkani)<br />(code: <code>gom</code>) |- | [[:gor:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gorontalo language|Gorontalo]]<br />(code: <code>gor</code>) | [[:got:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gothic language|Gothic]]<br />(code: <code>got</code>) | [[:gpe:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ghanaian Pidgin English|Ghanaian Pidgin English]]<br />(code: <code>gpe</code>) | [[:gu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gujarati language|Gujarati]]<br />(code: <code>gu</code>) | [[:guc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Wayuu language|Wayuu]]<br />(code: <code>guc</code>) | [[:gur:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Farefare language|Farefare]]<br />(code: <code>gur</code>) | [[:guw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Gun language|Gun]]<br />(code: <code>guw</code>) | [[:gv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Manx language|Manx]]<br />(code: <code>gv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ H |- | [[:ha:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hausa language|Hausa]]<br />(code: <code>ha</code>) | [[:hak:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hakka Chinese|Hakka Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>hak</code>) | [[:haw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]]<br />(code: <code>haw</code>) | [[:he:User:PK2/טיוטה|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hebrew language|Hebrew]]<br />(code: <code>he</code>) | [[:hi:User:PK2/प्रयोगपृष्ठ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hindi|Hindi]]<br />(code: <code>hi</code>) | [[:hif:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Fiji Hindi|Fiji Hindi]]<br />(code: <code>hif</code>) | [[:hr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Croatian language|Croatian]]<br />(code: <code>hr</code>) | [[:hsb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Upper Sorbian language|Upper Sorbian]]<br />(code: <code>hsb</code>) | [[:ht:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Haitian Creole|Haitian Creole]]<br />(code: <code>ht</code>) | [[:hu:User:PK2/próbalap|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hungarian language|Hungarian]]<br />(code: <code>hu</code>) | [[:hy:User:PK2/Ավազարկղ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Armenian language|Armenian]] ([[:en:Eastern Armenian|Eastern Armenian]])<br />(code: <code>hy</code>) | [[:hyw:User:PK2/Սեւագրութիւն|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Western Armenian|Western Armenian]]<br />(code: <code>hyw</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ I |- | [[:ia:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Interlingua|Interlingua]]<br />(code: <code>ia</code>) | [[:iba:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Iban language|Iban]]<br />(code: <code>iba</code>) | [[:id:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Indonesian language|Indonesian]]<br />(code: <code>id</code>) | [[:ie:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Interlingue|Interlingue]]<br />(code: <code>ie</code>) | [[:ig:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Igbo language|Igbo]]<br />(code: <code>ig</code>) | [[:igl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Igala language|Igala]]<br />(code: <code>igl</code>) | [[:ik:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Iñupiaq language|Iñupiaq]]<br />(code: <code>ik</code>) | [[:ilo:User:PK2/pagipadasan|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ilocano language|Ilocano]]<br />(code: <code>ilo</code>) | [[:inh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ingush language|Ingush]]<br />(code: <code>inh</code>) | [[:io:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ido|Ido]]<br />(code: <code>io</code>) | [[:is:User:PK2/sandkassi|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Icelandic language|Icelandic]]<br />(code: <code>is</code>) | [[:it:User:PK2/Sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Italian language|Italian]]<br />(code: <code>it</code>) | [[:iu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Inuktitut|Inuktitut]]<br />(code: <code>iu</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ J |- | [[:ja:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Japanese language|Japanese]]<br />(code: <code>ja</code>) | [[:jam:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Jamaican Patois|Jamaican Patois]]<br />(code: <code>jam</code>) | [[:jbo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lojban|Lojban]]<br />(code: <code>jbo</code>) | [[:jv:User:PK2/bak wedhi|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]]<br />(code: <code>jv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ K |- | [[:ka:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Georgian language|Georgian]]<br />(code: <code>ka</code>) | [[:kaa:User:PK2/qaralama|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Karakalpak language|Karakalpak]]<br />(code: <code>kaa</code>) | [[:kab:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kabyle language|Kabyle]]<br />(code: <code>kab</code>) | [[:kai:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Karai-karai|Karai-karai]]<br />(code: <code>kai</code>) | [[:kaj:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Jju language|Jju]]<br />(code: <code>kaj</code>) | [[:kbd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kabardian language|Kabardian]]<br />(code: <code>kbd</code>) | [[:kbp:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kabiye language|Kabiye]]<br />(code: <code>kbp</code>) | [[:kcg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tyap|Tyap]]<br />(code: <code>kcg</code>) | [[:kg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kongo language|Kongo]]<br />(code: <code>kg</code>) | [[:kge:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Komering language|Komering]]<br />(code: <code>kge</code>) | [[:ki:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kikuyu language|Kikuyu]]<br />(code: <code>ki</code>) | [[:kk:User:PK2/зертхана|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kazakh language|Kazakh]]<br />(code: <code>kk</code>) | [[:km:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Khmer language|Khmer]]<br />(code: <code>km</code>) |- | [[:kn:User:PK2/ಪ್ರಯೋಗಪುಟ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kannada|Kannada]]<br />(code: <code>kn</code>) | [[:knc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Central Kanuri|Central Kanuri]]<br />(code: <code>knc</code>) | [[:ko:User:PK2/연습장|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Korean language|Korean]]<br />(code: <code>ko</code>) | [[:koi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Komi-Permyak language|Komi-Permyak]]<br />(code: <code>koi</code>) | [[:krc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Karachay-Balkar|Karachay-Balkar]]<br />(code: <code>krc</code>) | [[:ks:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]<br />(code: <code>ks</code>) | [[:ksh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]<br />(code: <code>ksh</code>) | [[:ku:User:PK2/ceribandin|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Kurmanji|Kurmanji]])<br />(code: <code>ku</code>) | [[:kus:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kusaal language|Kusaal]]<br />(code: <code>kus</code>) | [[:kv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Komi language|Komi]]<br />(code: <code>kv</code>) | [[:kw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cornish language|Cornish]]<br />(code: <code>kw</code>) | [[:ky:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]]<br />(code: <code>ky</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ L |- | [[:la:User:PK2/Harenarium|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Latin|Latin]]<br />(code: <code>la</code>) | [[:lad:User:PK2/Kutí de prova|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Judaeo-Spanish|Judaeo-Spanish]]<br />(code: <code>lad</code>) | [[:lb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Luxembourgish|Luxembourgish]]<br />(code: <code>lb</code>) | [[:lbe:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lak language|Lak]]<br />(code: <code>lbe</code>) | [[:lez:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lezgian language|Lezgian]]<br />(code: <code>lez</code>) | [[:lfn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lingua Franca Nova|Lingua Franca Nova]]<br />(code: <code>lfn</code>) | [[:lg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Luganda|Luganda]]<br />(code: <code>lg</code>) | [[:li:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Limburgish|Limburgish]]<br />(code: <code>li</code>) |- | [[:lij:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ligurian language|Ligurian]]<br />(code: <code>lij</code>) | [[:lld:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ladin language|Ladin]]<br />(code: <code>lld</code>) | [[:lmo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lombard language|Lombard]]<br />(code: <code>lmo</code>) | [[:ln:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lingala|Lingala]]<br />(code: <code>ln</code>) | [[:lo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lao language|Lao]]<br />(code: <code>lo</code>) | [[:lt:User:PK2/juodraštis|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]<br />(code: <code>lt</code>) | [[:ltg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Latgalian language|Latgalian]]<br />(code: <code>ltg</code>) | [[:lv:User:PK2/Smilšu kaste|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Latvian language|Latvian]]<br />(code: <code>lv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ M |- | [[:mad:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Madurese language|Madurese]]<br />(code: <code>mad</code>) | [[:mai:User:PK2/प्रयोगपृष्ठ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Maithili language|Maithili]]<br />(code: <code>mai</code>) | [[:map-bms:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]] ([[:en:Banyumasan dialect|Banyumasan]])<br />(code: <code>map-bms</code>) | [[:mdf:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Moksha language|Moksha]]<br />(code: <code>mdf</code>) | [[:mg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Malagasy language|Malagasy]]<br />(code: <code>mg</code>) | [[:mhr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Meadow Mari language|Meadow Mari]]<br />(code: <code>mhr</code>) | [[:mi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Māori language|Māori]]<br />(code: <code>mi</code>) | [[:min:User:PK2/bak kasiak|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]<br />(code: <code>min</code>) | [[:mk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Macedonian language|Macedonian]]<br />(code: <code>mk</code>) | [[:ml:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Malayalam|Malayalam]]<br />(code: <code>ml</code>) | [[:mn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mongolian language|Mongolian]]<br />(code: <code>mn</code>) |- | [[:mni:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Meitei language|Meitei]]<br />(code: <code>mni</code>) | [[:mnw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mon language|Mon]]<br />(code: <code>mnw</code>) | [[:m:mos:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mooré|Mooré]]<br />(code: <code>mos</code>) | [[:mr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Marathi language|Marathi]]<br />(code: <code>mr</code>) | [[:mrj:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Hill Mari language|Hill Mari]]<br />(code: <code>mrj</code>) | [[:ms:User:PK2/Kotak pasir|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Malay language|Malay]]<br />(code: <code>ms</code>) | [[:mt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Maltese language|Maltese]]<br />(code: <code>mt</code>) | [[:mwl:User:PK2/Testes|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mirandese language|Mirandese]]<br />(code: <code>mwl</code>) | [[:my:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Burmese language|Burmese]]<br />(code: <code>my</code>) | [[:myv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Erzya language|Erzya]]<br />(code: <code>myv</code>) | [[:mzn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mazanderani language|Mazanderani]]<br />(code: <code>mzn</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ N |- | [[:nah:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]]<br />(code: <code>nah</code>) | [[:nap:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]]<br />(code: <code>nap</code>) | [[:nds:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Low German|Low German]]<br />(code: <code>nds</code>) | [[:nds-nl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dutch Low Saxon|Dutch Low Saxon]]<br />(code: <code>nds-nl</code>) | [[:ne:User:PK2/प्रयोगस्थल|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nepali language|Nepali]]<br />(code: <code>ne</code>) | [[:new:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Newar language|Newar]]<br />(code: <code>new</code>) | [[:nia:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nias language|Nias]]<br />(code: <code>nia</code>) | [[:nl:User:PK2/Kladblok|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Dutch language|Dutch]]<br />(code: <code>nl</code>) | [[:nn:User:PK2/sandkasse|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Nynorsk|Nynorsk]])<br />(code: <code>nn</code>) |- | [[:no:User:PK2/sandkasse|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Bokmål|Bokmål]])<br />(code: <code>no</code>) | [[:nov:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Novial|Novial]]<br />(code: <code>nov</code>) | [[:nqo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:N'Ko language|N'Ko]]<br />(code: <code>nqo</code>) | [[:nr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Southern Ndebele language|Southern Ndebele]]<br />(code: <code>nr</code>) | [[:nrm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Norman language|Norman]]<br />(code: <code>nrm</code>) | [[:nso:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Northern Sotho|Northern Sotho]]<br />(code: <code>nso</code>) | [[:nup:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nupe language|Nupe]]<br />(code: <code>nup</code>) | [[:nv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Navajo language|Navajo]]<br />(code: <code>nv</code>) | [[:ny:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chewa language|Chewa]]<br />(code: <code>ny</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ O |- | [[:oc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Occitan language|Occitan]]<br />(code: <code>oc</code>) | [[:olo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Livvi-Karelian language|Livvi-Karelian]]<br />(code: <code>olo</code>) | [[:om:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Oromo language|Oromo]]<br />(code: <code>om</code>) | [[:or:User:PK2/ପରଖଘର|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Odia language|Odia]]<br />(code: <code>or</code>) | [[:os:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ossetian language|Ossetian]]<br />(code: <code>os</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ P |- | [[:pa:User:PK2/ਕੱਚਾ ਖ਼ਾਕਾ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<br />(code: <code>pa</code>) | [[:pag:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]]<br />(code: <code>pag</code>) | [[:pam:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kapampangan language|Kapampangan]]<br />(code: <code>pam</code>) | [[:pap:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Papiamento|Papiamento]]<br />(code: <code>pap</code>) | [[:pcd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Picard language|Picard]]<br />(code: <code>pcd</code>) | [[:pcm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nigerian Pidgin|Nigerian Pidgin]]<br />(code: <code>pcm</code>) | [[:pdc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]]<br />(code: <code>pdc</code>) | [[:pfl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Palatine German dialects|Palatine German]]<br />(code: <code>pfl</code>) | [[:pi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pali|Pali]]<br />(code: <code>pi</code>) |- | [[:pl:User:PK2/brudnopis|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Polish language|Polish]]<br />(code: <code>pl</code>) | [[:pms:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Piedmontese language|Piedmontese]]<br />(code: <code>pms</code>) | [[:pnb:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (Western Punjabi)<br />(code: <code>pnb</code>) | [[:pnt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pontic Greek|Pontic Greek]]<br />(code: <code>pnt</code>) | [[:ppl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Nawat language|Nawat]]<br />(code: <code>ppl</code>) | [[:ps:User:PK2/ازمون‌مخ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pashto|Pashto]]<br />(code: <code>ps</code>) | [[:pt:User:PK2/Testes|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Portuguese language|Portuguese]]<br />(code: <code>pt</code>) | [[:pwn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Paiwan language|Paiwan]]<br />(code: <code>pwn</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ Q |- | [[:qu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Quechuan languages|Quechua]] ([[:en:Southern Quechua|Southern Quechua]])<br />(code: <code>qu</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ R |- | [[:rki:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Rakhine language|Rakhine]]<br />(code: <code>rki</code>) | [[:rm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Romansh language|Romansh]]<br />(code: <code>rm</code>) | [[:rmy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Romani language|Romani]] ([[:en:Vlax Romani language|Vlax Romani]])<br />(code: <code>rmy</code>) | [[:rn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kirundi|Kirundi]]<br />(code: <code>rn</code>) | [[:ro:User:PK2/teste|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Romanian language|Romanian]]<br />(code: <code>ro</code>) | [[:roa-rup:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Aromanian language|Aromanian]]<br />(code: <code>roa-rup</code>) | [[:roa-tara:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]] ([[:en:Tarantino dialect|Tarantino]])<br />(code: <code>roa-tara</code>) | [[:rsk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Pannonian Rusyn|Pannonian Rusyn]]<br />(code: <code>rsk</code>) | [[:ru:User:PK2/Черновик|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Russian language|Russian]]<br />(code: <code>ru</code>) | [[:rue:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Rusyn language|Rusyn]]<br />(code: <code>rue</code>) | [[:rw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Kinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]]<br />(code: <code>rw</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ S |- | [[:sa:User:PK2/प्रयोगपृष्ठम्|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sanskrit|Sanskrit]]<br />(code: <code>sa</code>) | [[:sah:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Yakut language|Yakut]]<br />(code: <code>sah</code>) | [[:sat:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Santali language|Santali]]<br />(code: <code>sat</code>) | [[:sc:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sardinian language|Sardinian]]<br />(code: <code>sc</code>) | [[:scn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sicilian language|Sicilian]]<br />(code: <code>scn</code>) | [[:sco:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Scots language|Scots]]<br />(code: <code>sco</code>) | [[:sd:User:PK2/مشق پٽي|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sindhi language|Sindhi]]<br />(code: <code>sd</code>) | [[:se:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Northern Sámi|Northern Sámi]]<br />(code: <code>se</code>) | [[:sg:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sango language|Sango]]<br />(code: <code>sg</code>) | [[:sh:User:PK2/igralište|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Serbo-Croatian|Serbo-Croatian]]<br />(code: <code>sh</code>) | [[:shi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Shilha language|Shilha]]<br />(code: <code>shi</code>) |- | [[:shn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Shan language|Shan]]<br />(code: <code>shn</code>) | [[:si:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sinhala language|Sinhala]]<br />(code: <code>si</code>) | [[:simple:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Basic English|Basic English]]<br />(code: <code>simple</code>) | [[:sk:User:PK2/pieskovisko|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Slovak language|Slovak]]<br />(code: <code>sk</code>) | [[:skr:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Saraiki language|Saraiki]]<br />(code: <code>skr</code>) | [[:sl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Slovene language|Slovene]]<br />(code: <code>sl</code>) | [[:sm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Samoan language|Samoan]]<br />(code: <code>sm</code>) | [[:smn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Inari Sámi language|Inari Sámi]]<br />(code: <code>smn</code>) | [[:sn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Shona language|Shona]]<br />(code: <code>sn</code>) | [[:so:User:PK2/Bacaadka|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Somali language|Somali]]<br />(code: <code>so</code>) | [[:sq:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Albanian language|Albanian]]<br />(code: <code>sq</code>) |- | [[:sr:User:PK2/песак|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Serbian language|Serbian]]<br />(code: <code>sr</code>) | [[:srn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sranan Tongo|Sranan Tongo]]<br />(code: <code>srn</code>) | [[:ss:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Swazi language|Swazi]]<br />(code: <code>ss</code>) | [[:st:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sotho language|Sotho]]<br />(code: <code>st</code>) | [[:stq:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Saterland Frisian language|Saterland Frisian]]<br />(code: <code>stq</code>) | [[:su:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sundanese language|Sundanese]]<br />(code: <code>su</code>) | [[:sv:User:PK2/sandlåda|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Swedish language|Swedish]]<br />(code: <code>sv</code>) | [[:sw:User:PK2/ukurasa wa majaribio|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Swahili language|Swahili]]<br />(code: <code>sw</code>) | [[:syl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sylheti language|Sylheti]]<br />(code: <code>syl</code>) | [[:szl:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Silesian language|Silesian]]<br />(code: <code>szl</code>) | [[:szy:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Sakizaya language|Sakizaya]]<br />(code: <code>szy</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ T |- | [[:ta:User:PK2/மணல்தொட்டி|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tamil language|Tamil]]<br />(code: <code>ta</code>) | [[:tay:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Atayal language|Atayal]]<br />(code: <code>tay</code>) | [[:tcy:User:PK2/ಕಲ್ಪುನ ಕಳ|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tulu language|Tulu]]<br />(code: <code>tcy</code>) | [[:tdd:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tai Nuea language|Tai Nuea]]<br />(code: <code>tdd</code>) | [[:te:User:PK2/ప్రయోగశాల|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Telugu language|Telugu]]<br />(code: <code>te</code>) | [[:tet:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tetum language|Tetum]]<br />(code: <code>tet</code>) | [[:tg:User:PK2/Сиёҳнавис|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tajik language|Tajik]]<br />(code: <code>tg</code>) | [[:th:User:PK2/ทดลองเขียน|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Thai language|Thai]]<br />(code: <code>th</code>) | [[:ti:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tigrinya language|Tigrinya]]<br />(code: <code>ti</code>) | [[:tig:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tigre language|Tigre]]<br />(code: <code>tig</code>) | [[:tk:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Turkmen language|Turkmen]]<br />(code: <code>tk</code>) | [[:tl:User:PK2/burador|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tagalog language|Tagalog]]<br />(code: <code>tl</code>) | [[:tly:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Talysh language|Talysh]]<br />(code: <code>tly</code>) |- | [[:tn:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tswana language|Tswana]]<br />(code: <code>tn</code>) | [[:to:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tongan language|Tongan]]<br />(code: <code>to</code>) | [[:tok:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Toki Pona|Toki Pona]]<br />(code: <code>tok</code>) | [[:tpi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tok Pisin|Tok Pisin]]<br />(code: <code>tpi</code>) | [[:tr:User:PK2/deneme tahtası|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Turkish language|Turkish]]<br />(code: <code>tr</code>) | [[:trv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Seediq language|Seediq]]<br />(code: <code>trv</code>) | [[:ts:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tsonga language|Tsonga]]<br />(code: <code>ts</code>) | [[:tt:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tatar language|Tatar]]<br />(code: <code>tt</code>) | [[:tum:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tumbuka language|Tumbuka]]<br />(code: <code>tum</code>) | [[:tw:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] (Twi)<br />(code: <code>tw</code>) | [[:ty:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tahitian language|Tahitian]]<br />(code: <code>ty</code>) | [[:tyv:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Tuvan language|Tuvan]]<br />(code: <code>tyv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ U |- | [[:udm:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Udmurt language|Udmurt]]<br />(code: <code>udm</code>) | [[:ug:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Uyghur language|Uyghur]]<br />(code: <code>ug</code>) | [[:uk:User:PK2/Чернетка|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]<br />(code: <code>uk</code>) | [[:ur:User:PK2/تختۂ مشق|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Urdu|Urdu]]<br />(code: <code>ur</code>) | [[:uz:User:PK2/qumloq|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Uzbek language|Uzbek]]<br />(code: <code>uz</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ V |- | [[:ve:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Venda language|Venda]]<br />(code: <code>ve</code>) | [[:vec:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Venetian language|Venetian]]<br />(code: <code>vec</code>) | [[:vep:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Veps language|Veps]]<br />(code: <code>vep</code>) | [[:vi:User:PK2/nháp|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]<br />(code: <code>vi</code>) | [[:vls:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:West Flemish|West Flemish]]<br />(code: <code>vls</code>) | [[:vo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<br />(code: <code>vo</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ W |- | [[:wa:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Walloon language|Walloon]]<br />(code: <code>wa</code>) | [[:war:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Waray language|Waray]]<br />(code: <code>war</code>) | [[:wo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Wolof language|Wolof]]<br />(code: <code>wo</code>) | [[:wuu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Wu Chinese|Wu Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>wuu</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ X |- | [[:xal:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Oirat language|Oirat]] ([[:en:Kalmyk Oirat|Kalmyk Oirat]])<br />(code: <code>xal</code>) | [[:xh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Xhosa language|Xhosa]]<br />(code: <code>xh</code>) | [[:xmf:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Mingrelian language|Mingrelian]]<br />(code: <code>xmf</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ Y |- | [[:yi:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Yiddish|Yiddish]]<br />(code: <code>yi</code>) | [[:yo:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Yoruba language|Yoruba]]<br />(code: <code>yo</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ Z |- | [[:za:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zhuang languages|Zhuang]] ([[:en:Standard Zhuang|Standard Zhuang]])<br />(code: <code>za</code>) | [[:zea:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zeelandic|Zeelandic]]<br />(code: <code>zea</code>) | [[:zgh:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Standard Moroccan Amazigh|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]]<br />(code: <code>zgh</code>) | [[:zh:User:PK2/沙盒|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Chinese language|Chinese]] ([[:en:Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]])<br />(code: <code>zh</code>) | [[:zh-classical:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Classical Chinese|Classical Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>zh-classical</code>) | [[:zh-min-nan:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Southern Min|Southern Min]]<br />(code: <code>zh-min-nan</code>) | [[:zh-yue:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Cantonese|Cantonese]]<br />(code: <code>zh-yue</code>) | [[:zu:User:PK2/sandbox|/sandbox]] in [[:en:Zulu language|Zulu]]<br />(code: <code>zu</code>) |} lqv4jf4ytbpqgk0b4c59pskg40l4i1p Viticultura en Trentino-Alto Adixe 0 192303 251250 2026-06-02T07:33:23Z ~2026-32709-97 13789 viticultura en Trentino-Alto Adixe 251250 wikitext text/x-wiki La '''viticultura en Trentino-Alto Adixe''' se egzersita en la região autonoma más al norte de [[Italia]], dividida en las [[provincias autonomas]] de [[Trento]] i [[Bolzano]]. La região inklui ĉirka 15.500 [[ektaria|ektarias]] de viñas,<ref name="GlosarioVino">{{cita web |autor= |título=Trentino-Alto Adige |url=https://glossariodelvino.it/le-regioni-italiane-del-vino/trentino-alto-adige/ |sitioweb=Glossario del Vino |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> dispersadas principalmente por el [[vale del Adixe]] i en zonas de montaña i subalpinas. Las dos provincias tienen tradisiones vitivinikolas, estructuras de produksion i karakteristikas pedoklimatika diferentes, por esto se trata de ellas separado.<ref name="Quattrocalici">{{cita web |título=Il vino in Trentino-Alto Adige |url=https://www.quattrocalici.it/regione/trentino-alto-adige/ |sitioweb=Quattrocalici |fecha=2021-05-07 |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> == Estoria == La prezensya de [[viticultura]] en el teritorio es atestigada dende el tiempo de los [[etruscos]].<ref name="DeltaVino">{{cita web |título=Le Regioni del vino: Trentino Alto Adige |url=https://deltadelvino.com/le-regioni-del-vino-trentino-alto-adige/ |sitioweb=Delta del Vino |fecha=2022-09-09 |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> Uvitas topadas en la zona de [[Bressanone]] atestiguan ke la viticultura se egzersitava en Alto Adixe ya dende el [[siglyo V a.K.]]<ref name="ViniAAStoria">{{cita web |título=Storia |url=https://www.vinialtoadige.com/it/il-nostro-vino/storia/96-0.html |sitioweb=Konsorsyo de Vinos del Alto Adige – Suedtirolwein |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> La yegada de los [[keltas]] i de los [[romanos]] empuxó la ekstensyon del kultivo de la vid i la konstruksyon de sentros urbanos ligados a la produksyon de vino.<ref name="DeltaVino" /> En el anyo 15 a.K., el teritorio pasó a ser parte del [[Imperio Romano]], i del enkontro entre las teknikas romanas i las tradisyones de la viticultura [[reti|retika]] empesó un tiempo de ekspansyon produktiva.<ref name="ViniAAStoria" /> Durante la [[Edat Medjana|Edad Medjana]], los monasterios [[benediktino|benediktinos]] tornaron a tomar la aktividad vitikultura después de las invasiones barbaras.<ref name="WikiTAA">{{cita web |título=Viticoltura in Trentino-Alto Adige |url=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viticoltura_in_Trentino-Alto_Adige |sitioweb=Vikipedia (it) |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> Los vinos del Alto Adixe yegavan en ese tiempo a los monasterios de Baviera i Suabia, ke tenían viñas en la região.<ref name="ImpetoDivino">{{cita web |título=Trentino-Alto Adige – Storia e origini del Vino |url=https://www.impetodivino.it/vini/regioni/trentino-alto-adige |sitioweb=Impeto di Vino |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> El [[Konsilio de Trento]] (1545–1563) ayudó a esparzir el konosimiento de los vinos de la região más ayá de sus límites lokales.<ref name="DeltaVino" /> Bajo el domino del [[Imperio Austro-Unkaro]], la introduksyon de nuevas variedades i la demanda del Imperio por adentro llevaron al kresimiento de una estrutura produktiva organizada en [[kooperativas]] de vinyaderos.<ref name="GlosarioVino" /> En 1874, la Dieta tirolesa de [[Innsbruk]] fundó el [[Istituto agrario di San Michele all'Adige]] para promover la agrikultura tirolesa;<ref name="FMach">{{cita web |título=L'Istituto Agrario di San Michele all'Adige |url=https://www.fmach.it/Servizi-Generali/Editoria/L-Istituto-Agrario-di-San-Michele-all-Adige |sitioweb=Fondazione Edmund Mach |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> dende 2008 sus funksiyas siguen por medio de la [[Fondazione Edmund Mach]].<ref name="FMach" /> En 1893 se fundó en Andriano la primera [[bodega kooperativa]] del Alto Adixe.<ref name="Andriano">{{cita web |título=Cantina Andriano |url=https://www.vinialtoadige.com/it/viticoltori/cantina-andriano |sitioweb=Konsorsyo de Vinos del Alto Adige – Suedtirolwein |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> La [[filoksera]], junto kon el oidyo i el [[mildiu]], kauzó una krizis grande en la segunda mitad del siglyo XIX.<ref name="Tannico">{{cita web |título=Vini Trentini: la guida completa, storia e denominazioni |url=https://www.tannico.it/vini-italiani/vini-trentini |sitioweb=Tannico |fecha=2025-04-23 |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> Después de la aneksyon del Trentino i Alto Adixe a Italia en 1919 i los efektos de la filoksera, el sektor sufrió una kontraksyon grande, i tornó a kreser despasyo después de la [[Segunda Gerra del Mundo]].<ref name="GlosarioVino" /> El anyo 1971 fue desizivo para la viticultura del Alto Adixe, kuando la klasifikasyon [[DOC]] de las zonas de vino fue reestablesida.<ref name="WikiAA">{{cita web |título=Alto Adige (zona vitivinicola) |url=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alto_Adige_(zona_vitivinicola) |sitioweb=Vikipedia (it) |idioma=it |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 }}</ref> == Zonas Vitivinikolas == La região se divide en dos áreas principales, Trentino i Alto Adixe, kon karakteristikas diferensyadas. === Trentino === Las zonas vitivinikolas del Trentino se organizan alrededor del [[vale del Adixe]], ke inklui la [[Piana Rotaliana]], i la [[Vallagarina]] en la parte sentral; al oeste, el [[Valle del Sarca]] o [[Valle dei Laghi]]; al este, el [[Valle di Cembra]] i la [[Valsugana]].<ref name="Tannico" /> La superfisye vitikola en la provinsya de Trento pasava de 10.200 ektarias en 2019, representando el 1,5% de la superfisye vitikola nasional.<ref name="ViviilVino">{{cita web |título=Vini del Trentino-Alto Adige: vitigni, DOC e Trento DOC |url=https://www.viviilvino.it/guida-ai-vini-del-trentino-alto-adige/ |sitioweb=Vivi il Vino |fecha=2026-02-27 |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> === Alto Adixe === En Alto Adixe la superfisye de viña es menos de 5.000 ektarias, dispersadas en zonas de montaña i subalpinas.<ref name="Quattrocalici" /> La [[DOC]] Alto Adixe tiene sesh subzonas: [[Valle Isarco]], [[Santa Maddalena]], [[Terlano]], [[Merano]], [[Val Venosta]] i [[Colli di Bolzano]].<ref name="SuedtirolweinDOC">{{cita web |título=Origine e DOC |url=https://www.vinialtoadige.com/it/il-nostro-vino/origine-e-doc/30-0.html |sitioweb=Konsorsyo de Vinos del Alto Adige – Suedtirolwein |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> == Klima == El klima de la região kambia según la altituda i la orografía. En las zonas del [[Lago di Garda]] i el bajo [[Valle del Sarca]] reyna un klima submediteranyo, mientres ke en las zonas más altas el klima es alpino-kontinental.<ref name="TrentinoAssovini">{{cita web |título=Trentino-Alto Adige |url=https://www.assovini.it/italia/trentino |sitioweb=Assovini |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> El viento lokal yamado ''Òra'', ke sopla kada día del Lago di Garda azia el norte asta la tarde, modera las temperaturas en parte del teritorio del Trentino.<ref name="ViviilVinoTrentinoDOC">{{cita web |título=Trentino DOC |url=https://www.viviilvino.it/denominazioni/trentino-doc/ |sitioweb=Vivi il Vino |fecha=2022-01-02 |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> En Alto Adixe el klima mediteranyo yega al [[vale del Adixe]] asta [[Merano]], permitiendo el kultivo de variedades tintas de madurasyon tardiya komo [[Lagrein]], [[Merlot]] i [[Cabernet Sauvignon]] en el fondo del vale, mientres ke a más de 1.000 metros variedades más delikadas komo [[Pinot bianco]] o [[Sauvignon blanc]] se desarrollan kon karakteristikas espesyales.<ref name="SuedtirolweinClima">{{cita web |título=Clima e topografia |url=https://www.vinialtoadige.com/it/il-nostro-vino/clima-e-topografia |sitioweb=Konsorsyo de Vinos del Alto Adige – Suedtirolwein |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> Las grandes osilasyones de temperatura entre día i noche favoresen la konservasyon de aromas i asidez en las uvas.<ref name="ViviilVino" /> == Suelo == Los suelos de la região son eterogeneos. En la [[Piana Rotaliana]] del Trentino, los suelos de grava i piedras de orixe aluvial, del río [[Noce]], influyen las karakteristikas del [[Teroldego]] junto kon el klima subkontinental.<ref name="OriginalItalia">{{cita web |título=Trentino, Alto Adige e la qualità |url=https://www.originalitalia.it/magazine/trentino-alto-adige-e-la-qualita/ |sitioweb=Original Italia |fecha=2023-02-06 |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> En la [[Vallagarina]] i el vale del Adixe predominan los suelos kalkáreos de natura dolomitika.<ref name="OriginalItalia" /> En Alto Adixe los suelos son porfíricos, kalkáreos, morénikoos i aluviales según la zona.<ref name="ViviilVino" /> == Variedades == La viticultura de la região inklui tanto variedades autóktonas komo internasyonales. Los tres ''vitigni'' autóktonos del Alto Adixe son la [[Schiava]], el [[Gewürztraminer]] i el [[Lagrein]].<ref name="WikiAA" /> === Variedades Blankas === * [[Chardonnay]] * [[Pinot grigio]] * [[Pinot bianco]] * [[Gewürztraminer]] (Traminer aromatico) * [[Sauvignon blanc]] * [[Müller-Thurgau]] * [[Riesling]] * [[Sylvaner]] * [[Kerner]] * [[Nosiola]] * [[Moscato giallo]] * [[Moscato rosa]] * [[Veltliner]] === Variedades Tintas === * [[Schiava]] * [[Lagrein]] * [[Teroldego]] * [[Marzemino]] * [[Pinot nero]] * [[Merlot]] * [[Cabernet Sauvignon]] * [[Cabernet franc]] * [[Rebo]] * [[Enantio]] La forma de kultivo más esparzida en la região es la [[pérgola]], doblya en el plano i simpla en los pendientes.<ref name="Quattrocalici" /> == Produksyon == === Vino === La região produse sirka 990.000 [[ektolitros]] de vino, del kual el 71% es blanko i el 29% tinto i rozado.<ref name="TrentinoAssovini" /> En Alto Adixe, el 58% de los vinos produzidos son blankos, siendo las variedades más esparzidas el [[Pinot grigio]], el [[Gewürztraminer]], el [[Pinot bianco]] i el [[Chardonnay]].<ref name="WikiAA" /> === Vinos Prinsipales === * [[Teroldego Rotaliano]] (DOC): vino tinto produzido en la Piana Rotaliana kon la uva autóktona [[Teroldego]] * [[Trentodoc]]: [[espumante]] elaborado kon [[metodo klasiko]] a baze de [[Chardonnay]], [[Pinot nero]] i [[Pinot bianco]] * [[Marzemino]] (Trentino DOC): tinto produzido en la [[Vallagarina]] * [[Santa Maddalena (vino)|Santa Maddalena]] (Alto Adige DOC): tinto elaborado prinsipalmente kon [[Schiava]] * [[Lago di Caldaro]] (DOC): tinto livyano produzido alrededor del [[Lago di Caldaro]] * [[Lagrein]] (Alto Adige DOC): tinto autóktono del Alto Adixe * [[Gewürztraminer]] (Alto Adige DOC): blanko aromátiko autóktono === Denominasyones i Normativa === Las denominasyones de la região son en total trezé.<ref name="GlosarioVino" /> Para el Trentino: * [[Trentino DOC]] * [[Trento DOC]] (espumantes por metodo klasiko) * [[Casteller DOC]] * [[Teroldego Rotaliano DOC]] * [[Valdadige DOC]] (kompartida kon Alto Adixe) * [[Valdadige Terradeiforti DOC]] * [[Lago di Caldaro DOC]] (kompartida kon Alto Adixe) * [[Delle Venezie DOC]] Para Alto Adixe: * [[Alto Adige DOC]] (kon las subzonas Valle Isarco, Santa Maddalena, Terlano, Merano, Val Venosta i Colli di Bolzano) * [[Lago di Caldaro DOC]] Ay también las [[Indikasyon Xeografika Protexida|IGT]] ''Vigneti delle Dolomiti'', ''Trevenezie'' i ''Mitterberg''.<ref name="GlosarioVino" /> Los disiplinares de produksyon son aprovados por dekreto ministeryal i publikados por el [[Ministeryo de Politikas Agrikolas]] de Italia. El disiplinare de la DOC Alto Adixe fue aktualizado por el Dekreto Ministeryal del 8 de oktubre de 2024.<ref name="CamComBZ">{{cita web |título=Disciplinari di produzione |url=https://www.handelskammer.bz.it/it/servizi/agricoltura/organismo-controllo-vini/riferimenti-normativi-e-disciplinari-di-produzione/disciplinari-di-produzione |sitioweb=Camera di commercio di Bolzano |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> La [[DOC]] Trentino fue rekonosida en 1971.<ref name="ViniTrentinoDisc">{{cita web |título=I disciplinari di produzione delle DOC e IGT del Trentino |url=https://vinideltrentino.com/disciplinari-di-produzione/ |sitioweb=Consorzio Vini del Trentino |fechaacceso=2026-05-25 |idioma=it }}</ref> == Referensyas == {{listaref}} [[Kategoriya:Viticultura de Italia]] [[Kategoriya:Trentino-Alto Adixe]] 274w8pg0yi0e9rjhdlywy3ixhybtrrb