Wikipedia lnwiki https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lok%C3%A1s%C3%A1_ya_libos%C3%B3 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.13 first-letter Média Spécial Discussion Utilisateur Discussion utilisateur Wikipedia Discussion Wikipedia Fichier Discussion fichier MediaWiki Discussion MediaWiki Modèle Discussion modèle Aide Discussion aide Catégorie Discussion catégorie TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk 0 6165 135821 123856 2026-08-03T19:45:42Z InternetArchiveBot 10768 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 135821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox disease | Name = Malariyá | ICD10 = {{ICD10|B|50||b|50}}-{{ICD10|B|54||b|54}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|084}} | Image = Malaria.jpg | Caption = ''Plasmodium'' eza kowuta na soyi ya ngungi ya mwasi mpe kotambola nakati ya cellule ya ngungi. | DiseasesDB = 7728 | MedlinePlus = 000621 | OMIM = 248310 | eMedicineSubj = med | eMedicineTopic = 1385 | eMedicine_mult = {{eMedicine2|emerg|305}} {{eMedicine2|ped|1357}} | MeshName = Malaria | MeshNumber = C03.752.250.552 }} [[Fichier:Anopheles gambiae mosquito feeding 1354.p lores.jpg|thumb|240px|Ngungi eye epɛ́sɛkɛ bokɔnɔ bwa malariyá (''Anopheles gambiae'')]] [[Fichier:Anopheles albimanus mosquito.jpg|thumb|240px|Ngungi eye epɛ́sɛkɛ bokɔnɔ bwa malariyá (''Anopheles albimanus'') ezalí komɛ́lɛ makilá o [[lobɔ́kɔ]] la moto]] '''Malariyá''' ezalí fɛ́fɛle eye ezwámaka o mikili mitóndá maziba tǒ [[mái]] malálá, mpé bisíká bitóndá [[ngungi]]. Bokɔnɔ epɛ́sɛ́mi na ngungi ya mwasí; sɔ́ki aswí [[moto]], mikɔlɔ́bɔ mikokɔ́ta o [[nzóto]] kin'o [[makilá]]. == Definition and symptoms == Malariyá ezalí [[Bokono boye bowuti na ngungi|bokono boye bokopesamaka kowúta na ngungi]] koleka epayi ya batu tǒ banyama misusu kolandana na ba parasites [[protozoaires]] óyo ezali (lolenge ya [[micro-organisme]]) ya cellule móko ya ''[[Plasmodium]]''.<ref name=WHO2014/> Malariyá elakisaka bilembo biye bilandi [[fièvre]], [[koyoka nzoto mabe|bolembu]], [[kosanza]] mpe [[moto mpasi]].<!-- <ref name=EBMED2014/> --> Na ba cas ya makasi mpeza ekoki komema [[mbongwana ya mokobo ya loposo|loposo kokoma jaune]], [[kopiquer crise ya mbalakata]], [[coma]] to [[liwa]].<ref name=EBMED2014/> Bilembo oyo bibandaka komonana mingi mingi sima ya mikolo zomi to zomi na mitano sima na kosuama na ngungi.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Epayi ya baye balandelaki nkisi malamu te bokono bokoki kozongela bango sima na basanza.<ref name=WHO2014/> Epayi ya baye babikaki na bokono kala te, tango bazwami na bokono lisusu bilembo ya makasi bimonanaka lisusu te obe oyo ya neti neti te.<!-- <ref name=EBMED2014/> --> [[Immunité|Resistance]] oyo ya ndambo ekendaka na kosila malembe malembe sima na basanza kino ba mbula soki mutu azali lisusu te kokoba kozwama na malariyá.<ref name=EBMED2014/> == Cause and diagnosis == Mingi mingi mpeza, bokono oyo bopesamaka tango mutu asuami na ngungi ya mwasi oyo ayebani bo ''[[Anophèle]]''.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Kosua oyo ekotisaka ba parasites kowuta na soyi ya ngungi kokota na [[mizisa ya nzoto|makila]] ya mutu.<ref name=WHO2014/> Na sima ba parasites oyo ekendeke na foie epayi wapi ekolaka mpe kobota bota.<!-- <ref name=EBMED2014/> --> Eza na lolenge mitano ya ''Plasmodium'' oyo ekoki kopesa bokono mpe kokabolama na batu.<ref name=EBMED2014/> Liwa mingi eyaka na nzela ya ''[[Plasmodium falciparum|P.&nbsp;falciparum]]'' na ''[[Plasmodium vivax|P.&nbsp;vivax]]'', ''[[Plasmodium ovale|P.&nbsp;ovale]]'', mpe ''[[Plasmodium malariae|P.&nbsp;malariae]]'' ememaka mingi mingi mpeza lolenge moko ya malariyá ya mua katikati.<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name=EBMED2014/> ''[[Plasmodium knowlesi|P.&nbsp;knowlesi]]'' yango ememaka mpeza mpeza te bokono epayi ya batu.<ref name=WHO2014/> Diagnostique ya malariyá esalalemaka mingi mpeza na nzela ya komeka makila na microscope na bosaleli [[plaquette ya makila]], to na nzela ya test [[antigène]] [[Ba tests antigène ya bokundoli malariyá|to ba tests ya diagnostique ya lombango]].<ref name=EBMED2014/> Ba nzela eye esalelaka [[milongo ya baréaction na polymérasie]] mpo na kokundola [[ADN]] ya parasite esili kozala, kasi naino basaleli yango te na bisika biye malariyá [[Endémique (épidémiologique)|ezwi batu ebele]] mpó na ntálo mpé mbilinga mbilinga nayango.<ref name="Nadjm 2012">{{Cite journal |author=Nadjm B, Behrens RH |title=Malaria: An update for physicians |journal=Infectious Disease Clinics of North America |year=2012 |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=243–59 |pmid=22632637 |doi=10.1016/j.idc.2012.03.010}}</ref> == Prevention and treatment == Likáma ya kozwama na bokono ya malariyá ekokí kokoma moke na nzela ya komibatela na kosuama na ngungi na bosaleli [[moustiquaire]] mpe [[nkisi ya kobengana ba insect]], to mpe mikano ya kolandela ba ngungi neti kofula [[insecticide]] mpe kotsiolisa mayi eye etelengani.<ref name=EBMED2014/> Nkisi ndenge na ndenge eza na oyo etali [[ndenge ya komibatela na malaria|prévention ya malaria]] mpo na bakeyi mibembo na bisika biye bokono bona bozali mingi.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Ba doses ya nkisi [[sulfadoxine/pyriméthamine]] ya komela mbala na mbala eza recommendé mpo na [[bana]] mpe na sima ya [[sanza misato ya yambo]] ya [[zemi]] na bisika biye taux ya malaria eza likolo mpeza.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Atako posa ezali, [[mangwele]] moko te eye ezali kosala mpeza eza, ata ndenge batu bazali kosala makasi mpo na kobongisa mangwele wana.<ref name=WHO2014/> Nkisi eye eza recommendé mpo na malaria eza bosangisi [[ba nkisi ya malaria]] oyo ezali na [[artémisinine]].<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name=EBMED2014/> Lolenge ya mibale ya ba nkisi ekoki kozala [[mefloquine]], [[luméfantrine]], to sulfadoxine/pyriméthamine.<ref name=WHO2010>{{cite book|last1=Organization|first1=World Health|title=Guidelines for the treatment of malaria|url=https://archive.org/details/guidelinesfortre0000unse|date=2010|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|isbn=9789241547925|page=ix|edition=2nd ed.}}</ref> [[Quinine]] ekoki mpe komelama elongo na [[doxycycline]] soki artémisinine eza te.<ref name=WHO2010/> Esengami ete na bisika biye bokono oyo boza na batu ebele, yambo ya kobanda komela ba nkisi esengeli kosembola soki ete malaria nde ezali kotungisa mpo na ntina ya mikakatano ya [[nzoto koboya nkisi]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Ba nkisi ndenge na ndenge ya malaria eza kokutana na nzoto eye eza koboya yango; na ndakisa, eza na baye nzoto eboyaka [[chloroquine]] ''P.&nbsp;falciparum'' likambo oyo epanzani na bisika ebele oyo malaria ezali, na nzoto koboya artémisinine ekomi mpe nkokoso na bisika songolo ya mikili ya Asia ya se.<ref name=WHO2014/> == Epidemiology == Bokono oyo bopanzani mingi na barégion [[Tropiques|tropical]] mpe [[sous tropical]] oyo etandami nzinga nzinga na [[équateur]].<ref name=EBMED2014>{{cite journal|last=Caraballo|first=Hector|title=Emergency Department Management Of Mosquito-Borne Illness: Malaria, Dengue, And West Nile Virus|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|date=May 2014|volume=16|issue=5|url=http://www.ebmedicine.net/topics.php?paction=showTopic&topic_id=405}}</ref> Yango ezali bongo eteni monene ya [[Afrika ya se ya Sahara]], [[Asia]], na [[Amerique Latine]].<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> [[Organisation Mondiale ya Santé]] emoni ete na mobu ya 2012, ba cas ya malaria ezwaki bamillion 207 ya batu.<!-- <ref name=WHO2014/> --> Na mobu wana, emonanaki ete bokono bona bobomaki batu kati ya 473,000 na 789,000, ebele nabango bazali bongo bana nakati ya Afrika.<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web|title=Malaria Fact sheet N°94|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs094/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=28 August 2014|date=March 2014}}</ref> Malaria mingi mingi eza bokono boye bolandanaka na kibobola mpe eza na effet monene ya mabe na [[développement économique]].<ref name="IftSoL">{{Cite report |author=Gollin D, Zimmermann C |title=Malaria: Disease Impacts and Long-Run Income Differences |date=August 2007 |publisher=[[Institute for the Study of Labor]] |url=http://ftp.iza.org/dp2997.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref><ref name="Worrall 2005">{{Cite journal |author=Worrall E, Basu S, Hanson K |title=Is malaria a disease of poverty? A review of the literature |journal=Tropical Health and Medicine |year=2005 |volume=10 |issue=10 |pages=1047–59 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01476.x |pmid=16185240}} {{open access}}</ref> Na Afrika emonani ete ememaka libunga ya ba milliards 12 $ [[Lisangá lya Ameríka|USA]] na mobu moko kino na motuya ya likolo mpo na maye matali bonkolongono, bozangi makasi ya kosala mosala mpe ba effets misusu na maye matali tourisme.<ref name="Greenwood 2005">{{Cite journal |author=Greenwood BM, Bojang K, Whitty CJ, Targett GA |title=Malaria |journal=Lancet |year=2005|volume=365 |issue=9469 |pages=1487–98 |pmid=15850634 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66420-3}}</ref> == Ba références == <references /> [[Catégorie:Malariyá]] l5tidnd1a6319vy0poixqxdrpn9hooy 0 6982 135822 129520 2026-08-03T21:15:49Z Nissiel Biozi 13798 Créé en traduisant la section « Vie professionnelle » de la page « [[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/232601536|Odette Babandoa Etoa]] » 135822 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fichier:Obabandoa.jpg|thumb|Odette Babandoa Etoa]] '''ODETTE BABANDOA''' .Odette Babandoa Etoa (Aketi, 11 sánzá ya yambo 1961 - ), azalí moto wa politiki ya Kongó-Kinsásá. Mbala mosusu babengaka ye ⁇ Jeanne d'Arc ⁇ to ⁇ Madame de fer ⁇ . Azwá formasyo na makambo ya mibeko, azali na mwasi mpe na bana motoba Na mosala na ye, azalaki na mikumba mingi, kati na yango magistrat, conseillère na ministère ya sport mpe loisirs, ya fonction publique, ya plan, conseillère juridique na cabinet ya Premier ministre. Aponamaki Déléguée Générale Adjointe mpe na nsima Présidente Déléguée Générale na Office des Chemins de fer des Uele (CFU), mpo na kozwa esika ya kompanyi ya transport oyo ezalaki na bosukisi ya misala. [[Catégorie:Guvɛnɛmá Kabila]] [[Catégorie:Moí-politíki wa Kongó-Kinsásá]] == Vie professionnelle == Na mosala, asali ba postes ebele oyo ya magistrat ya bato, mopesi toli na mosala ya kosakola lisano ya masano mpe lisano, mosala ya batu nyoso, kosala plan, mpe mopesi toli ya mibeko na biro ya [[Moyángeli wa yambo|ministre ya liboso]] . Aponamaki motindami mbala mingi adjoint mpe sima motindami mbala mingi ya mokonzi na biro [[Nzelá-masíni ya Wɛlɛ|ya Chemin de fer ya Uele]] (CFU), mpo na ko kozongela kozala na bomoi lisanga oyo ya transpore oyo ezalaki mobimba libanda ya mosala. Succès na ye na mokonzi ya mosala oyo ebendaki likebi ya papa mokonzi ya ba ekolo<nowiki/>[[Laurent-Désiré Kabila|Laurent Désiré Kabila,]] oyo ya kopona ministre na ye ya Transpore mpe kosolola na gouvernement, esika ba salaka na ye ya makasi mpe kosala batu mabe na kati ya gouvernement. Bakangaki ye mpe babimisaki ye kozanga ete básambisa ye. Sima ya kolongwa na gouvernement, akomaki esalaka na Forum ya ba avoka ya basi mpo na Républiki, oyo azali mokonzi na yango. Avoka na bar [[Kinsásá|ya Kinshasa]], azali motindami na secteur ya infrastructures mpe mosala mpe azali mokonzi ya [[Union des patriotes Républicain|Union des patriotes républicains]], parti politiki congolaise mpe azali Secrétaire ya mokambi ya mboka ya Christian Dynamique pour la Unité et Développement (Groupage politique) . abj2rrh2ee1x83uq0pwjtqdbcn4xq2p 0 8395 135816 134172 2026-08-03T19:43:26Z InternetArchiveBot 10768 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 135816 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pwantenwa''' ezalí engumba ya míbalé ya [[Kongó-Brazzaville]], nsima ya mbóka-mokonzi [[Brazzaville]], mpé étuka ya Kongó-Brazzaville kino 2004. libosó ya mbula oyo ezalaki étuka-mokonzi ya Kouilou. Ésîka nayé ézalí lombú [[Atlantíki]]. Pwantenwa ezali [[mbóka-mokonzi]] ékonomiki ya [[esé]] na yé mpé ezali na bato 715 334 (2007),<ref>[http://www.cnsee.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=135%3Apopdep&catid=43%3Aanalyse-rgph&Itemid=2 Official INSEC figures]</ref> == Loyéngé == Loyéngé ya Pwantenwa ezali tropically hot and humid. September and October experience somewhat less rainfall than the rest of the year. == Ekonzeli == Pointe-Noire is a commune divided into six urban districts (''arrondissements''): * [[Patrice Emery Lumumba district]], the oldest area. It is the administrative and commercial centre. * [[Mvou-Mvou district|Mvou-Mvou]] * [[Tié-Tié district|Tié-Tié]], the most populous area * [[Loandjili district]] * [[Mongo-Pokou district]] * [[Ngoyo district]] == Lisolo == Pointe Noire's (Black Point) name originated from [[Portuguese navigators]] who saw a block of black rocks on the headland in 1484. From then on, Pointe Noire, called Ponta Negra, became a maritime reference, and then a small fishing village from 1883, after the French signed a treaty with local people, the [[Loangos]]. In 1910, [[French Equatorial Africa]] (''Afrique équatoriale française'', AEF) was created, and French companies were allowed to exploit the [[Middle Congo]] (modern-day Congo Brazzaville). It soon became necessary to build a railroad that would connect [[Brazzaville]], the terminus of the river navigation on the [[Congo River]] and the [[Ubangui River]], with the Atlantic coast. As [[rapids]] make it impossible to navigate on the Congo River past Brazzaville, and the coastal railroad terminus site had to allow for the construction of a deep-sea port, authorities chose the site of Ponta Negra instead of [[Libreville]] as originally envisaged. Construction of the [[Congo-Ocean Railway]] began in 1921, and led to the foundation of Pointe-Noire on 22 May 1922. In 1927, drinking water became available in the city, which had about 3,000 inhabitants. The airport was built in 1932. In 1934, Governor [[Raphael Antonetti]] inaugurated the [[Congo-Ocean Railway]]. The first hospital was built in 1936. That same year, [[Bank of West Africa (BAO)]] opened its first branch in the city. In 1942, the [[Pointe-Noire Harbour]] welcomed the first ship, and made the city the AEF's [[seaport]]. In 1950, Pointe-Noire had 20,000 inhabitants, and became the capital of the [[Middle Congo]], while Brazzaville was the [[Capital (political)|capital city]] of the AEF. In 1957, the Middle-Congo became the Republic of Congo, although it was still not independent. Incidents which occurred during 1958 legislative elections led the leaders of the [[Democratic Union for the Defence of African Interests]] (''Union démocratique pour la défense des interets africains'', UDDIA) to transfer the capital to Brazzaville, since Pointe-Noire was under the influence of political opposition. Pointe-Noire continued growing, and was the most modern city in 1960, when Congo gained independence. Then, the oil discovery around 1980 re-attracted people and factories ([[Elf Aquitaine]]). The population doubled by 1982, and reached 360,000 in 1994. Civil wars in 1997 and 1999 caused an influx of refugees from the surrounding provinces ([[Lékoumou Department|Lékoumou]], [[Niari Region|Niari]], [[Bouenza]], [[Pool Region|Pool]]) towards Pointe-Noire, causing the population to climb to over 1 million inhabitants. Recently [[Politics of the Republic of the Congo|the Government]] has proposed the development of a new bulk resource port to be constructed at [[Point Indienne]], 30&nbsp;km to the north of the Port of Pointe-Noire . A meeting was held on 18 December 2012 with a collective of 10 Congo government ministries and invited mining companies to discuss the future development opportunities. == Ekonomi == Pointe-Noire is the essential centre of the oil industry of the [[Republic of Congo]], one of the main oil producers in [[Central Africa]]. Congolese [[oil]] has been largely exploited by the French company [[Elf Aquitaine]] since its discovery around 1980. Pointe-Noire is also known for its [[fishing industry]], which is often at odds with the oil development.<ref>{{cite book|title = Reconsidering informality: perspectives from urban Africa|url = https://archive.org/details/reconsideringinf0000unse|year = 2004|publisher = Nordic Africa Institute, 2004|isbn = 91-7106-518-0|pages = 235|author = Tati, Gabriel|authorlink = |chapter = Sharing Public Space in Pointe-Noire, Congo-Brazzaville: Immigrant Fishermen and a Multinational Oil Company|editor = Hansen, Karen Tranberg}}</ref> Formerly, Pointe-Noire was home to a [[potash]] exploitation which led to the construction of a [[wharf]], currently closed to the public. == Kelasi == [[Lycée Français Charlemagne]], a French international school for primary and secondary school children, is in Pointe-Noire. The city is home to the Ecole supérieure de Technologie du Littoral (technology) the Ecole supérieure de commerce et de gestion (business), Institut UCAC-ICAM (engineering) and the Centre d’éducation, de formation et d’apprentissage en mécanique auto (automotive engineering).<ref>News of Bolloré Africa Logistics, Partnering schools in Congo Brazzaville: Congo Terminal commits to sandwich course education schemes.,Congo Brazzaville. 07 August 2014 , https://web.archive.org/web/20150923193434/http://www.bollore-africa-logistics.com/en/media/news/partenariats-entreprise-ecoles-congo-brazzaville.html</ref> The [[Higher Institute of Technology of Central Africa]] has a campus in the city. There are also several other institutions of higher education in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kopi ya archive |url=http://www.pagesclaires.com/eng/Activities/Higher-education-universities-institutes-campuses/%28v%29/Pointe-Noire-311/%28c%29/Pointe-Noire-520 |access-date=2015-08-12 |archivedate=2015-05-30 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530001940/http://www.pagesclaires.com/eng/Activities/Higher-education-universities-institutes-campuses/%28v%29/Pointe-Noire-311/%28c%29/Pointe-Noire-520 }}</ref> == Transport == [[File:Pointe-Noire_Public_Transport.jpg|right|thumb|Public transport in Point-Noire]] Pointe-Noire is home to [[Pointe Noire Airport|Agostinho Neto Airport]] which as of May 2015 had direct flights to [[Port Bouet Airport|Abidjan]], [[Bole International Airport|Addis Ababa]], [[Maya-Maya Airport|Brazzaville]], [[Mohammed V International Airport|Casablanca]], [[Cadjehoun Airport|Cotonou]], [[Douala International Airport|Douala]], [[N'djili Airport|Kinshasa–N'Djili]], [[Libreville International Airport|Libreville]], [[Lomé–Tokoin Airport|Lomé]], [[Malabo International Airport|Malabo]], [[Paris–Charles de Gaulle]], [[Port-Gentil International Airport|Port-Gentil]], and [[O. R. Tambo International Airport|Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo]] and was second busiest airport in the country. Pointe-Noire is also the terminus of the [[Congo-Ocean Railway]], the [[railway station]] being a notable building. As of 2014 the railway was operating the [[La Gazelle train|''La Gazelle'']] train service every other day to [[Brazzaville]] and intermediate destinations.<ref>2014 Timetable, Lonely Planet, https://www.lonelyplanet.com/thorntree/forums/africa/congo/la-gazelle-train-brazzaville-to-pointe-noire</ref> Thanks to its rapid growth, the city now includes [[Tié-Tié Railway Station]] and [[Ngondji Railway Station]], the next railway stations after the Pointe Noire terminus.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[Wikipedia:Citation needed|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2015)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Pointe-Noire has a taxi-bus [[Transport network|network]] that runs throughout the entire city. On 22 June 2010 a train departing from Pointe-Noire derailed resulting in the deaths of at least 50 passengers.<ref name="aljazeera1">[http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2010/06/201062291214689287.html Al Jazeera - Scores dead in Congo train crash]</ref> The railway was built by the [[France|French]] between 1921 and 1934 during the French colonial rule in Congo, thousands of people died while building the railway.<ref name="aljazeera1" /> == Rankings == In the [[Mercer (consulting firm)]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210208173420/http://www.finfacts.ie/irishfinancenews/article_1016548.shtml Quality of Living Survey] of 215 cities; Pointe Noire is ranked 209 in 2009. The rank for 2008 was 210. == International relations == === Bagumba mapasa === Pointe-Noire eza mapasa na: * {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Le Havre]], France<ref name="Le Havre twinnings">{{cite web|url = http://archives.lehavre.fr/delia-CMS/guichet_virtuel/rubrique/article_id-1626/topic_id-707/les-villes-jumelees.html|title = Le Havre - Les villes jumelées|accessdate = 2013-08-07|last = Florence|first = Jeanne|language = French|trans_title = Le Havre - Twin towns|archivedate = 2013-08-07|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130807181850/http://archives.lehavre.fr/delia-CMS/guichet_virtuel/rubrique/article_id-1626/topic_id-707/les-villes-jumelees.html}}</ref><ref name="Le Havre twins">{{cite web|url = http://lehavre.fr/dossier/le-havre-ville-partenaire|title = Le Havre - Les villes jumelées|accessdate = 2013-08-07|work = [http://lehavre.fr/ City of Le Havre]|language = French|trans_title = Le Havre - Twin towns|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130729215238/http://lehavre.fr/dossier/le-havre-ville-partenaire|archivedate = 2013-07-29}}</ref> * {{flagicon|USA}} [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], USA == See also == * [[Railway stations in Congo]] == References == {{reflist}} == External links == * [http://www.pointenoireinformation.com www.pointenoireinformation.com] * Decalo S., Thompson V. & Adloff R. 1984. ''Historical dictionary of Congo'' Pg 244-245. USA: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. * [http://maps.msn.com/%28gto4kt55a1ncnd45ihhkqv45%29/map.aspx?lats1=-4.8&lons1=11.85&alts1=14&regn1=2 MSN Map - elevation = 1m] <span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Pointe-Noire&params=04_48_S_11_51_E_region:CG_type:city <span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">04°48′S</span> <span class="longitude">11°51′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xFEFF; / &#xFEFF;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">4.800°S 11.850°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xFEFF; / <span class="geo">-4.800; 11.850</span></span></span>]</span></span>{{coord|04|48|S| 11|51|E|region:CG_type:city|display = title}} {{ndámbo}} [[Catégorie:Kongó-Brazzaville]] eb17zrtvtrzgdjr64exsanxggrnodei 0 8413 135820 123822 2026-08-03T19:45:24Z InternetArchiveBot 10768 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 135820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox disease | Name = Epatíte A | image = Jaundice eye.jpg | caption = Mbongwana ya mokobo kokoma jaune mpo na epatíte A (''Hepatitis A'') | ICD10 = {{ICD10|B|15||b|15}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|070.0}}, {{ICD9|070.1}} | DiseasesDB = 5757 | MedlinePlus = 000278 | eMedicineSubj = med | eMedicineTopic = 991 | MeshID = D006506 }} '''Epatíte A''' (eye eyebanaki kala bo '''epatíte eye epesamaka''') ezalí bokono [[Makasi (ya nzoto)|makasi]] boye bopesamaka na [[foie]] na nzela ya virus ya epatíte A (HAV).<ref name=Sherris>{{cite book | author = Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) | title = Sherris Medical Microbiology | url = https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi0000unse_q1i3 | edition = 4th | pages = [https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi0000unse_q1i3/page/541 541]–4 | publisher = McGraw Hill | year = 2004 | isbn = 0-8385-8529-9 }}</ref> Ba cas ebele elakisa obe bilembo mike to te mingi mpeza epayi ya bilenge.<ref name=AFP2012/> Ngonga kati ya tango virus ezwami na komonana ya bilembo, mpo na baye baza nayango, ezali kati ya poso mibale na motoba.<ref name="pmid16271543">{{cite journal| author=Connor BA| title=Hepatitis A vaccine in the last-minute traveler| journal=Am. J. Med.| volume=118 |issue=Suppl 10A| pages=58S–62S| year=2005| pmid=16271543| doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.07.018}}</ref> Tango bilembo bisili komonana bikoki koumela poso mwambe mpe kozala na: nausée, kosanza, pulupulu, [[mbongwana ya mokobo na jaune|loposo ya jaune]], fièvre, mpe mpasi na [[libumu]].<ref name=AFP2012/> Pene ya 10–15% ya batu bamonaka bilembo kozongelaka nakati ya eleko ya sanza motoba sima na mbala ya yambo ya bozwi virus.<ref name=AFP2012/> [[Mbeba makasi ya foie]] esalemaka mpeza te kasi esalemaka mingi mpeza na kibomokolo.<ref name=AFP2012/> == Ntína == Mingi mpeza ekabolamaka na bilei to mayi ya komela to mpe mayi oyo eza contaminé na nyei.<ref name=AFP2012>{{cite journal|last=Matheny|first=SC|last2=Kingery |first2=JE|title=Hepatitis A.|journal=Am Fam Physician |date=1 December 2012|volume=86|issue=11|pages=1027–34; quiz 1010–2|pmid=23198670 |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/1201/p1027.html}}</ref> [[Ba crustacés]] oyo elambemi malamu te ezalaka mpe mua ntina ya bokono oyo.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bellou | first1 = M. | last2 = Kokkinos | first2 = P. | last3 = Vantarakis | first3 = A. | title = Shellfish-borne viral outbreaks: a systematic review. | journal = Food Environ Virol | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 13–23 |date=March 2013 | doi = 10.1007/s12560-012-9097-6 | pmid = 23412719 }}</ref> Ekoki mpe kokabolama na nzela ya kosimba mutu oyo azali nayango.<ref name=AFP2012/> Atako bana bake balakisaka bilembo te tango bazwami na virus ena bakoki mpe kokabola yango epayi ya basusu.<ref name=AFP2012/> Sima na kozwama obe mbala moko na virus ena mutu akomaka immuniser koloba ete akozwaka lisusu te bokono bona bomoyi naye mobimba.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Encyclopedia of Hepatitis and Other Liver Diseases|year=2006|publisher=Infobase |isbn=9780816069903|page=105|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=HfPU99jIfboC&pg=PA105}}</ref> Mpo na kosala diagnostic esengelaka komeka makila mpo ete bilembo nayango elandani na oyo ya maladi misusu ebele. <ref name=AFP2012/> Yango ezali bongo moko ya ba virus mitano ya [[epatíte]] oyo eyebani, eza: epatíte A, [[epatíte B|B]], [[epatíte C|C]], [[epatíte D|D]], na [[epatíte E|E]]. == Bokébisi mpé lisálisi == [[Mángwelé ma epatíte A]] esalaka mpo na prevention.<ref name=AFP2012/><ref name=Irv2012>{{Cite journal | last1 = Irving | first1 = GJ. | last2 = Holden | first2 = J. | last3 = Yang | first3 = R. | last4 = Pope | first4 = D. | title = Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A. | journal = Cochrane Database Syst Rev | volume = 7 | issue = | pages = CD009051 | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD009051.pub2 | pmid = 22786522 }}</ref> Ba mboka misusu esengaka yango esalema mbala na mbala mpo na bana mpe baye baza na risque monene mpe bazwa mangwele te liboso.<ref name=AFP2012/><ref name=WHO2013/> Emonani neti esalaka mpo na bomoyi mobimba.<ref name=AFP2012/> Ba mesure misusu ya prevention eza [[kosokola maboko]] mpe kolamba bilei malamu.<ref name=AFP2012/> Traitement specifique eza te, kopema mpe komela ba nkisi mpo na [[nausée]] to [[pulupulu]] ezalaka recommendé kolandana na bosenga.<ref name=AFP2012/> Mingi mingi ba infections esilaka mpeza mpe bokono ya [[Libale|foie]] ekobaka lisusu te.<ref name=AFP2012/> Traitement ya mbeba makasi ya foie, soki esalemi, ezalaka na [[transplantion ya foie]].<ref name=AFP2012/> == Epidemiologi == Na mokili mobimba pene ya million 1.5 ya ba cas ya bilembo ya epatíte ezwamaka na mibu nionso<ref name=AFP2012/> mpe pene ya ebele ya bamillion ya bainfections.<ref name=Was2006>{{cite journal|last=Wasley|first=A|author2=Fiore, A |author3=Bell, BP |title=Hepatitis A in the era of vaccination.|journal=Epidemiol Rev |year=2006|volume=28|pages=101–11|pmid=16775039 |doi=10.1093/epirev/mxj012 |url=http://epirev.oxfordjournals.org/content/28/1/101.long}}</ref> Esalemaka mingi na bituka biye bizali na assainissement malamu te mpe bozangi mayi ya petwa.<ref name=WHO2013>{{cite web|title=Hepatitis A Fact sheet N°328|url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs328/en/|work=World Health Organization|accessdate=20 February 2014|date=July 2013}}</ref> Na [[ba pays en voie de développement]] pene ya 90% ya bana basilaki kozwa infection na mibu 10 nayango baza immuniser na kimokolo.<ref name=WHO2013/> Mingi mingi esalemaka na eleko ya ba épidémie na ba pays oyo eza kamua développés epayi wapi bana bazalaka exposé te tango bazali naino bake mpe mangwele epesamaka bisika mingi te.<ref name=WHO2013/> Na mobu ya 2010, epatíte A ya makasi ememaki liwa ya batu 102,000.<ref name=Loz2012>{{cite journal|last=Lozano|first=R|title=Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|journal=Lancet|date=Dec 15, 2012|volume=380|issue=9859|pages=2095–128|pmid=23245604|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0}}</ref> [[Mokolo ya Mokili Mobimba mpo na Epatíte]] milulu misalemaka mibu nionso na mokolo ya 28 na sanza ya Sambo mpo na koteya likolo ya [[epatíte viral]].<ref name=WHO2013/> == Ba références == <references /> [[Catégorie:Bokɔnɔ]] q0dvc7aj2g6kw5v2bm00za2uh2keu7k 0 8430 135818 124358 2026-08-03T19:43:53Z InternetArchiveBot 10768 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 135818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox disease | Name = Bolei Mabe | Image = Orange ribbon.svg | Caption = Ruban ya orange—[[ruban ya boyebisi]] mpo na malnutrition. | Width = 120 | DiseasesDB = | ICD10 = | ICD9 = 263.9 | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = 000404 | eMedicineSubj = ped | eMedicineTopic = 1360 | MeshID = D044342 }} <!-- Definition and Symptoms --> '''Bolei mabe''' to '''malnutrition''' eza lolenge loye lowuti na bolei bilei biye bizali na ba [[élément nutritif]] ya kokoka te to ya koleka neti kino komema nkokoso na nzoto.<ref>{{DorlandsDict|five/000062745|malnutrition}}</ref><ref name=FFL2010>{{cite book|first1=UNICEF|title=Facts for life|date=2010|publisher=United Nations Children's Fund|location=New York|isbn=978-92-806-4466-1|pages=61 and 75|edition=4th ed.|url=http://www.unicef.org/nutrition/files/Facts_for_Life_EN_010810.pdf}}</ref> Ba élément nutritif oyo etalemi awa ekoki kozala: ba [[calories]], [[protéine]], ba [[hydrates ya carbone]], ba [[vitamine]] to ba [[élément diététique|minéraux]].<ref name=FFL2010/> Mingi mingi mpeza liloba oyo esalelamaka mpo na kolakisa '''sous-alimentation''' epayi wapi ba calories, protéine to ba [[élément nutritif ya mike mike]] eza ya kokoka te; kasi, ekoki mpe kozala [[suralimentation]].<ref name=Young2012>{{cite book|last1=Young|first1=E.M.|title=Food and development|date=2012|publisher=Routledge|location=Abingdon, Oxon|isbn=9781135999414|pages=36–38|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=XhwKwNzJVjQC&pg=PA36}}</ref><ref name=Jones2011>{{cite book|title=Essentials of International Health|date=2011|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers|isbn=9781449667719|page=194|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=lt7TqZPZSlIC&pg=PA194}}</ref> Soki sous-alimetation esalemi na ntongo ya [[zemi]] to liboso ya mwana kokokisa mibu mibale ekoki komema ba nkokoso ya koumela libela na nzoto mpe na bongo.<ref name=FFL2010/> Sous-alimentation ya koluta, eye eyebani bo [[bozangi bilei]], ekoki kozala na bilembo biye: kokoma mokuse, nzoto ya kokonda, kosila makasi ya nzoto, mpe kovimba [[Lokolo|makolo]] na [[libumu]].<ref name=FFL2010/><ref name=Young2012/> Mingi mingi lisusu batu bazwaka ba infections mpe bakomaka na [[hypothermie|malili]].<!-- <ref name=Young2012/> --> Bilembo ya ba [[carances ya ba éléments nutritifs ya mike mike]] elandanaka na élément nutritif ya moke eye ezali kozanga.<ref name=Young2012/> <!-- Cause --> Sous-alimentation esalalemaka mingi mpeza kolandana na bozangi bilei ya qualité ya malamu mpeza mpo na kolia.<ref name=WHO2014/> Yango elandanaka mingi mpeza na talo ya bilei makasi koleka mpe [[pauvreté]].<ref name=FFL2010/><ref name=WHO2014/> Kozanga [[komelisa libele ya mama|komelisa mwana libele ya mama]] ekoki kocontribuer, neti kaka ba [[maladies infectieuses]] ya ndenge na ndenge lokola: [[gastro-entérite]], [[pneumonie]], [[malaria]] na [[rougeole]] eye ebakisaka bosenga ya ba élément nutritif.<ref name=WHO2014/> Eza na lolenge mibale ya sous-alimentation: [[malnutrition na proteine-énergie]] mpe ba carences diététiques.<ref name=Jones2011/> Malnutrition na proteine-énergie ezalaka na lolenge mibale ya makasi: [[marasme]] (bozangi proteine na ba calories) mpe [[kwashiorkor]] (bozangi proteine kaka).<ref name=Young2012/> Ba carences ya ba éléments nutritifs oyo eyebani mingi mpeza eza: bozangi [[carence ya fer|fer]], [[carence ya iode|iode]] na [[carence ya vitamine A|vitamine A]].<ref name=Young2012/> Na eleko ya [[zemi]], kolandana na bosenga ebele, ba carences esalemaka mingi mingi mpeza.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Konje|first1=editor, Mala Arora ; co-editor, Justin C.|title=Recurrent pregnancy loss|date=2007|publisher=Jaypee Bros. Medical Publishers|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788184480061|edition=2nd ed.}}</ref> Na ba [[pays en voie de développement]] misusu suralimentation na lolenge ya [[obésité]] ebandi komonana ote ya bikolo bina bo sous-alimentation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Progress For Children: A Report Card On Nutrition|url=http://www.unicef.org/nutrition/files/Progress_for_Children_-_No._4.pdf|publisher=UNICEF|access-date=2015-09-22|archivedate=2021-01-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112154958/https://www.unicef.org/nutrition/files/Progress_for_Children_-_No._4.pdf}}</ref> Ntina misusu ya malnutrition eza [[anorexie mentale]] na [[chirugie bariatrique]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Prentice|first1=editor-in-chief, Benjamin Caballero ; editors, Lindsay Allen, Andrew|title=Encyclopedia of human nutrition|date=2005|publisher=Elsevier/Academic Press|location=Amsterdam|isbn=9780080454283|page=68|edition=2nd ed.|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=DHtERWm0mrcC&pg=RA1-PA68}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Stoelting's anesthesia and co-existing disease|date=2012|publisher=Saunders/Elsevier|location=Philadelphia|isbn=9781455738120|page=324|edition=6th ed.|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=yxTtmJYPUV0C&pg=PA324}}</ref> <!-- Treatment --> Makasi maye masalamaka mpo na komatisa [[nutrition]] mazali moko ya lolonge ya [[aide au développement]] ya solo solo.<ref name=UK2012/> Komelisa mwana libela ya mama ekoki kotisa taux ya malnutrition mpe liwa ya bana mike,<ref name=FFL2010/> mpe makasi mpo na kopromouvoir lolenge lona mamatisaka taux ya bomelisi mwana libele ya mama.<ref name=Bh2013/> Bopesi bana mike belei kobakisa na libele ya mama kati ya sanza motoba na mibu mibale e amélioraka ba résultats.<ref name=Bh2013/> Ba preuves ya komonana eza kosoutenir ba [[suppléments alimentaires|suppléments]] mpo na ba éléments nutritifs ya mike mike ya ndenge na ndenge mpo na ba mama na eleko ya [[Zémi|zemi]] mpe mpo na bana mike nakati ya ba pays en voie de déloppement.<ref name=Bh2013/> Kopesa bilei na batu baye bazali na bosenga nayango koleka ezala bopesi bilei to bopesi mbongo mpo ete batu bakoka kosomba bilei nataki ya ba nzando nabango, esalisaka mpeza.<ref name=UK2012/><ref>{{cite web|title=World Food Programme, Cash and Vouchers for Food|url=http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/communications/wfp246176.pdf|website=WFP.org|accessdate=5 July 2014|date=April 2012}}</ref> Kopesa batu bilei kaka na bitelelo nabango ya kelasi ekoki te.<ref name=UK2012/> Kolandela malnutrition oyo ya makasi na ndaku ya mutu oyo azali nayango na ba [[aliment thérapeutique#Aliments Thérapeutiques prêts pour consommation|Aliments Thérapeutiques prêts pour consommation]] mbala mingi esalemaka.<ref name=Bh2013/> Epayi ya baye bazali na malnutrition ya makasi eye eza compliqué na mikakatano misusu ya bonkolongono, kolandela traitement na lopitalo ezalaka recommandé.<ref name=Bh2013/> Mingi mingi ezalaka kolandela [[hypoglycémie|sukali nakati ya makila]], [[hypothermie|température ya nzoto]], [[bokauki ya mayi ya nzoto]], mpe kolia graduellement.<ref name=Bh2013/><ref name=WHO2003>{{cite book|first1=World Health Organization. Authors: Ann Ashworth|title=Guidelines for the inpatient treatment of severely malnourished children|url=https://archive.org/details/guidelinesforinp0000unse|date=2003|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|isbn=9241546093}}</ref> Bomeli ba [[antibiotiques]] mbala na mbala mingi mingi ezalaka recommander mpo na risque ya infection.<ref name=WHO2003/> Ba mesures ya long-terme eza: kobakisa misala ya bilanga,<ref name=solcultivateplanet>{{cite journal |author=Jonathan A. Foley, Navin Ramankutty, Kate A. Brauman, Emily S. Cassidy, James S. Gerber, Matt Johnston, Nathaniel D. Mueller, Christine O’Connell, Deepak K. Ray, Paul C. West, Christian Balzer, Elena M. Bennett, Stephen R. Carpenter, Jason Hill1, Chad Monfreda, Stephen Polasky1, Johan Rockström, John Sheehan, Stefan Siebert, David Tilman1, David P. M. Zaks |title=Solutions for a cultivated planet |journal=Nature |volume=478 |issue=7369 |pages=337–342 |date=October 2011|pmid=21993620|url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v478/n7369/full/nature10452.html |doi=10.1038/nature10452}}</ref> kokitisa taux ya pauvreté, koaméliorer [[assainissement]], mpe [[bopesi makoki na ba mama|kopesa makoki na ba mama]].<ref name=UK2012/> <!-- Epidemiology, Society and Culture --> Na mobu ya 2010 na mokili mobimba batu baye baza sous-alimenté bazalaki 925&nbsp;million.<ref name="FAO2010">{{cite web|title=Global hunger declining, but still unacceptably high International hunger targets difficult to reach|url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/012/al390e/al390e00.pdf|website=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|accessdate=1 July 2014|date=September 2010}}</ref><ref name="Fao2008">{{cite book|last1=Food|last2=(FAO)|first2=Agriculture Organization of the United Nations|title=The state of food insecurity in the world, 2008 : high food prices and food security : threats and opportunities|date=2008|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)|location=Rome|isbn=978-92-5-106049-0|page=2|url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/i0291e/i0291e00.htm|quote=FAO’s most recent estimates put the number of hungry [actually, malnourished] people at 923 million in 2007, an increase of more than 80 million since the 1990–92 base period.}}</ref> Yango ezali bongo kobakisama ya batu 80&nbsp;million uta 1990 to kokita ya 2,5 % na pourcentage ya baye baza sous-alimenté.<ref name="FAO2010"/> Milliard moko ya batu basusu batangemi bo baye bazangi ba vitamines na ba minéraux.<ref name="UK2012">{{cite web|title=An update of ‘The Neglected Crisis of Undernutrition: Evidence for Action’|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/67319/undernutrition-finalevidence-oct12.pdf|website=www.gov.uk|publisher=Department for International Development|accessdate=5 July 2014|date=Oct 2012}}</ref> Na 2013 [[malnutrition na proteine-énergie]] etalemaki neti liye limemaki liwa ya batu 469, 000 motango oyo mokitaki kowuta na batu 510, 000 na mobu ya 1990.<ref name="Loz2012" /> Ba carences misusu ya nutrition, oyo eza [[carence ya iode]] na [[anémie mpo na carence ya fer]], ememaki liwa ya batu 84,000 basusu.<ref name="Loz2012">{{cite journal |author=Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, et al. |title=Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 |journal=Lancet |volume=380 |issue=9859 |pages=2095–128 |date=December 2012 |pmid=23245604 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 |url=}}</ref> Sous-alimentation na mobu ya 2010 ezalaki ntina ya 1.4 % na nionso ya [[mibu ya bomoyi miye miza ajuster kolandana na handicape]].<ref name="UK2012" /><ref name="Lim2012">{{cite journal |author=Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, et al. |title=A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 |journal=Lancet |volume=380 |issue=9859 |pages=2224–60 |date=December 2012 |pmid=23245609 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8 |url=}}</ref>Pene na un tiers ya liwa epayi ya bana endimami ete eza ntina na sous-alimentation; kasi, mbala mingi te baweyi batangemaka bo baye bakufi mpo na sous-alimentation.<ref name="WHO2014">{{cite web|title=Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health|url=http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/topics/child/malnutrition/en/|website=WHO|accessdate=4 July 2014}}</ref> Na 2010 sous-alimentaion etalemaki bo liye licontribuaki na liwa ya basi mpe bana pene na 1.5 million<ref name="Lim2012"/> atako basusu baza kokanisa ete motango oyo mokoki kozala monene koluta 3&nbsp;million.<ref name="Bh2013"/> Million 165&nbsp;mosusu ya bana baza na [[retard ya croissance]] kowuta na bolei mabe.<ref name=Bh2013>{{cite journal|last1=Bhutta|first1=ZA|last2=Das|first2=JK|last3=Rizvi|first3=A|last4=Gaffey|first4=MF|last5=Walker|first5=N|last6=Horton|first6=S|last7=Webb|first7=P|last8=Lartey|first8=A|last9=Black|first9=RE|last10=Lancet Nutrition Interventions Review|first10=Group|last11=Maternal and Child Nutrition Study|first11=Group|title=Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost?|journal=Lancet|date=Aug 3, 2013|volume=382|issue=9890|pages=452–77|pmid=23746776|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60996-4}}</ref> Sous-alimentation mingi mingi ezalaka na ba[[ pays en voie de développement]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Liz Young|title=World Hunger Routledge Introductions to Development|date=2002|isbn=9781134774944|page=20|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=w4CGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA20}}</ref> Ba groupe songolo ya batu baza na taux monene ya sous-alimentation, yango ezali bongo basi mingi mingi tango ya zemi to ya bomelisi mwana libele, bana baye baza na mibu na se ya mitano mpe bampaka. Na [[bompaka]] malnutrition esalemaka mingi mingi mpeza kolanada na ba facteurs physique, psychologique mpe social.^{<ref>{{cite book|last1 = editors|first1 = Ronnie A. Rosenthal, Michael E. Zenilman, Mark R. Katlic,|title = Principles and practice of geriatric surgery|date = 2011|publisher = Springer|location = Berlin|isbn = 9781441969996|page = 78|edition = 2nd ed.|url = http://books.google.ca/books?id=VcgmpMZE6a8C&pg=PA87}}</ref>} ==Ba références== <references /> n5ww4zoid4ut06tj1fvy2ivlpyugkir 0 10360 135819 117610 2026-08-03T19:44:43Z InternetArchiveBot 10768 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 135819 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Artisan du souk En Nhas ou cuivre.jpg|thumb|Craftsman in Souk En Nhas.]] '''Souk En Nhas''' (Lingala: Zándo ya kwivre (motako)) ezali moko ya bazándo ya medina ya Tunisia. Biloko bitekamaka mingi kuna bizali biloko ya kwivre. == Esika ezwami == [[File:Plaque métallique indiquant Souk du cuivre ou En Nhas.jpg|thumb|Metallic plaque of Souk En Nhas]] Zando oyo ezwami kati ya nzela na nkombo Kasbah mpe zando El Grana.<ref>{{cite book|language=fr|author=Archives of the Association de sauvegarde de la médina de Tunis|title=Étude analytique des espaces de production et d'échange dans la médina de Tunis|location=Tunis|publisher=Association de sauvegarde de la médina de Tunis|year=1982|pages=21}}</ref> == Maloba == [[File:Produits de souk En Nhas ou cuivre.jpg|thumb|Products at the souk.]] Na suka ya siɛklɛ ya 19, Charles Lallemand akendeki na Tunisia mpe atikaki maloba mpo na zando.<ref>{{cite book|language=fr|author1=Charles Lallemand|title=Hier, la Tunisie|location=Paris|publisher=Molière|year=2004|isbn=2-84790-102-7|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9782847901023|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9782847901023/page/118 118]}}</ref> == Note mpe reference == {{translation/ref|en|Souk En Nhas}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:Souqs in Tunis|Nhas]] fh4kqs75phpcx1j6lrjamkrquo74272 0 10728 135817 132409 2026-08-03T19:43:35Z InternetArchiveBot 10768 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 135817 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Litaliano''' lizalí [[lokótá]] la bato ba [[Italya]]. Elobamaka o eténi ya [[Swisi]].<ref>[[#simone2010|Simone 2010]]</ref> <gallery mode="packed" heights=230 caption=""> Map Italophone World - updated.png| Corsivo- come scriverlo a mano in italiano, schede didattiche con alcuni esempi di Paolo Villa (prima edizione commons wikimedia org)-Letters-characters in italics-cursive- how to write it by hand in Italian.pdf|Kokoma na maboko Cursif na eteyelo ya Italie . Idioma%20italiano.png </gallery> == Notes et références == {{Références}} * {{cite book|first=Simone |last=Raffaele |language=it |year=2010 |title=Enciclopedia dell'italiano |publisher=Treccani |ISBN= |ref=simone2010}} * {{cite book|last=Berloco |first=Fabrizio |language=en |year=2018 |title=The Big Book of Italian Verbs: 900 Fully Conjugated Verbs in All Tenses. With IPA Transcription, 2nd Edition |publisher=Lengu |ISBN=9788894034813 |url=https://books.google.it/books?id=DYynDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3#v=onepage&q&f=false |ref=ff2018}} * {{cite book|last=Palermo |first=Massimo |year=2015 |language=it |title=Linguistica italiana |url=https://archive.org/details/linguisticaitali0000pale |publisher=Il Mulino |ISBN=9788815258847 |ref=palermo2015}} == Tálá mpé == * [[Italya]] * [[Swisi]] [[Category:Lokótá]] [[Category:Italya]] tincymnaalp9s0zquchykcf7nrb0jha 0 10733 135815 118569 2026-08-03T19:42:04Z InternetArchiveBot 10768 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 135815 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Waleed {{smcp|Al-Husseini}}''' azalí [[mokomi]] wa [[Palesitíni]] na [[Falansia]]. == Búku == [[File:Waleed Al-Husseini interview.webm|thumb|[[Maryam Namazie]] interviews Al-Husseini about ''Blasphémateur'' (2016).]] *''Blasphémateur ! : les prisons d'Allah'', 2015, Grasset ({{ISBN|978-2-246-85461-6}}) **English translation: {{Cite book |last=Al-Husseini |first=Waleed |date=2017 |title=The Blasphemer: The Price I Paid for Rejecting Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/blasphemerpricei0000alhu |location=New York City |publisher=Skyhorse Publishing |isbn=9781628726756}} *''Une trahison française : Les collaborationnistes de l'islam radical devoilés'' ("A French Treason: The Collaborators of Radical Islam Unveiled"), 2017, Éditions Ring {{ISBN|979-1091447577}} == Tála mpé == {{Commonscat|Waleed Al-Husseini}} [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleed_Al-Husseini Waleed Al-Husseini] [[Category:Mokomi wa Palesitíni]] [[Category:Mokomi wa Falansia]] [[Category:Mokomi na Islamu]] 4te5595l1egeqqqotlt934mi2wc9sas 0 13363 135827 133644 2026-08-04T01:39:50Z InternetArchiveBot 10768 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 135827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Biographie2 | image = Tatiana Mukanire.jpg }} '''Tatiana Mukanire Bandalire''' azali activiste congolaise atalaka makambu ya violence sexuelle, coordonnatrice nationale ya lisanga étali batu ya survivants na violence sexuelle na [[Kongó-Kinsásá|République démocratique du Congo]] . Na bo mwana, Tatiana Mukanire Bandalire azalaki kofanda na [[Kivu ya Sidi|Sud-Kivu]] . Ntango azalaki na mbula 5, nsima ya liwa ya mama na ye, bamemaki ye na ndako ya bitike, tata na ye akufaki ntango azalaki na mbula 2 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPljef39sS8}}</ref> . Sima ya kozala victime ya viol na 2004 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capital.fr/conso/prix-nobel-mukwege-docteur-et-avocat-des-fillettes-violees-de-kavumu-1319018}}</ref>, na tango ya botomboki [[Bukavu|ya Bukavu]] na ebandeli ya [[Etumba ya Kívu|bitumba ya Kivu]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-87312_tatiana_mukanire_je_sais_qui_sont_mes_bourreaux_je_suis_temoin_je_suis_une_preuve_vivante_que_des_crimes_les_plus_graves_ont_ete_commis.html}}</ref>, amonanaki mpo na consultation na monganga [[Denis Mukwege]] na lopitalo ya Panzi <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.politis.fr/articles/2019/10/viols-de-guerre-sororite-de-combat-40923/}}</ref> Having exchanged during her reconstruction process with other survivors of war rape, akoti na 2017 na création ya Mouvement ya ba Survivers ya Violence Sexuelle na République Démocratique du Congo, ainsi que na création ya SEMA, réseau mondial ya ba victimes mpe babiki mpo na kosukisa mobulu ya kosangisa nzoto na bitumba <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mukwegefoundation.org/sema/}}</ref>, mpo na yango akomaki coordonnatrice nationale mpo na République démocratique du Congo. Azali kosala campagne mingi mingi mpo na kosalela makanisi ya rapport ya Projet ya Cartographie oyo etali bobukami ya makoki ya bomoto mpe ya mibeko ya mokili mobimba oyo esalemaki kati ya 1993 mpe 2003 na République démocratique du Congo <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://actualite.cd/2019/12/11/rdc-bukavu-les-survivantes-des-violences-sexuelles-plaident-pour-lapplication-des}}</ref> , <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deboutcongolaises.org/signez-la-petition-demandant-de-lever-lembargo-sur-la-base-de-donnees-des-presumes-auteurs-des-crimes-documentes-dans-le-rapport-mapping/|title=Kopi ya archive|access-date=2024-08-19|archivedate=2024-05-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528173706/https://deboutcongolaises.org/signez-la-petition-demandant-de-lever-lembargo-sur-la-base-de-donnees-des-presumes-auteurs-des-crimes-documentes-dans-le-rapport-mapping/}}</ref> . Lokola ayekolaki na Institut supérieur d’éducation (ISP) ya Bukavu , azali ko kende na na ba mboka ndenge na ndenge na mokili mpo na ko lamusa ba mayele ya batu na bitumba pe na violence sexuelle, mingi mingi na ba événements ndenge na ndenge oyo ebongisamaki na [[New York]] na tango ya Commission sur la condition des femmes (CSW) na mars 2019 to na Université Libre ya Bruxelles mpo na likita oyo ebongisamaki na Médecins du monde na avril 2019 . Na octobre 2021, alobaki na [[Kinsásá|Kinshasa]] na mesa monene oyo ezalaki na tina ya kosala fonds national ya kokabola mpo na baye bazwaki mpasi na mobulu ya kosangisa nzoto mpo na bitumba <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://laprosperiteonline.net/2021/10/21/nation/mise-en-oeuvre-du-fonds-national-de-reparations-des-survivantes-des-violences-sexuelles-liees-aux-conflits-kinshasa-denise-nyakeru-reitere-son-engagement-a-porter-la-voix-des-survivantes/|date=2021-10-21}}</ref> . Na mbula wana, azali moko ya bato libwa oyo ba sili mateya bazwi mbano ''ya basi oyo batongaka'' kimya na Institut ya kimya ya États-Unis <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.voaafrique.com/a/la-kényane-joséphine-ekiru-remporte-le-prix-women-building-peace-de-l-institut-de-la-paix-des-etats-unis-/6281113.html|date=2021-10-22}}</ref> . A pesi n'a mobu ya 2020 na Hugues Dewavrin, oyo azali mokonzi ya l'ONG La Guilde Européenne du Raid, litatoli ya KO koma n'a mokanda pona makambo ya ba sangisi nzoto na makasi epai ya basi, pongo ye moko abiki y'ango <ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://jp.w.free.fr/resistance-hier--aujourdhui/aujourdhui/2020/dr-denis-mukwege-resistant.html}}</ref>, pongo apanzi Sango {{date-|novembre 2021}}, aux éditions <nowiki><i id="mwQg">des femmes</i></nowiki>-Antoinette-Fouque, ''Au-delà de nos larmes'', un récit de témoignage et de combat contre les violences sexuelles en temps de guerre tiré à {{nombre|4000|exemplaires}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livreshebdo.fr/article/tatiana-mukanire-bandalire-au-dela-de-nos-larmes-des-femmes-antoinette-fouque-une-survivante|title=Kopi ya archive|access-date=2024-08-19|archivedate=2021-11-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117111350/https://www.livreshebdo.fr/article/tatiana-mukanire-bandalire-au-dela-de-nos-larmes-des-femmes-antoinette-fouque-une-survivante}}</ref>. La comédienne Guila Clara Kessous le lit l'année suivante pour la collection de livres audio de la maison, «<nowiki><span typeof="mw:DisplaySpace" id="mwSg">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>La Bibliothèque des voix<nowiki><span typeof="mw:DisplaySpace" id="mwSw">&</nowiki>nbsp;<nowiki></span></nowiki>», et reçoit pour sa lecture le Grand Prix Document du livre audio décerné par l'association de promotion du livre audio La Plume de Paon<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://actualitte.com/article/112388/prix-litteraires/les-laureats-du-grand-prix-du-livre-audio-2023-reveles}}</ref>. ==Etatoli== {{références}} eq7qs9rg2ul2zaq66hbwidij9o3iood 0 13539 135826 135812 2026-08-04T00:42:22Z InternetArchiveBot 10768 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 135826 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Jolie Kenda''' azali [[Moí-politíki|muasi oyo asalaka politiki na mboka]] [[Kongó-Kinsásá|République démocratique du Congo]], mokeli ya lisanga politiki PPEC <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|date=29 avril 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107235808/https://actualite.cd/2019/04/29/rdc-jolie-kenda-lance-son-propre-parti-politique-le-ppec|archivedate=2020-11-07}}</ref> . == Biografi ya bomoi ya bato == === Carrière politique === Aponami na 2012 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://everypolitician.org/congo-kinshasa/assembly/term-table/2012.html|title=Kopi ya archive|access-date=2024-08-26|archivedate=2025-01-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250120071305/https://everypolitician.org/congo-kinshasa/assembly/term-table/2012.html}}</ref> député national ya Lukunga, na engumba [[Kinsásá|Kinshasa]], lokola candidat ya Mouvement social pour renouvellement (MSR). == Ba références == == Biographie == === Carrière politique === Aponami na mbula nkóto mibale na zomi na mibale <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://everypolitician.org/congo-kinshasa/assembly/term-table/2012.html|title=Kopi ya archive|access-date=2024-08-26|archivedate=2025-01-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250120071305/https://everypolitician.org/congo-kinshasa/assembly/term-table/2012.html}}</ref> lokola Mosangani ya Parlement ya Lukunga, na engumba [[Kinsásá|Kinshasa]], lokola candidat ya Mouvement social pour renouvellement (MSR). Na sanza ya zomi na moko na mbula ya nkoto mibale na zomi na mwambe, Jolie Kenda alongwaki na ndenge ya officiellement Mouvement social pour le renouvellement oyo [[Pierre Lumbi Okongo|Pierre Lumbi]] a fondaki mpo na ko pesa maboko na mosangi ya parlement ya Front commun pour le Congo (FCC), [[Emmanuel Ramazani Shadari Mulanda|Emmanuel Shadary]] . Na likambo moko na Matonge, na mboka ya Kalamu, a fondaki esika moko babengi " Alliance ya [[Joseph Kabila]] na Ramazani Shadary pona Développement » <ref>{{Cite journal|date=19 novembre 2018|url=https://actualite.cd/2018/11/19/rdc-la-deputee-jolie-kenda-quitte-officiellement-pierre-lumbi-et-soutient-shadary}}</ref> . Na mbula oyo elandaki, Jolie Kenda abandisaki lingomba na ye moko ya politiki, Parti du peuple congolais (PPEC), na ntuku mibale na mwambe ya sanza ya minei na nkoto mibale na zomi na libwa <ref name=":0"/> , <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://congoprofond.net/rdc-jolie-kenda-lance-le-parti-du-peuple-congolais-ppec/|date=2019-04-29}}</ref> . Na mokanda oyo atindelaki président ya groupe politiki AA/A, ya ntuku mibale na misatu ya sanza ya mibale na ntoko mibale na zomi na libwa, Jolie Kenda asakoli bolongwi na ye na kampagny sénateur mpo na ba ntina ndenge olingi yo moko <ref>{{Cite journal|date=18.02.2019|url=https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-47791_senatoriale_jolie_kenda_se_retire.html}}</ref> . == Biographie == === Carrière politique === Aponami na mbula nkóto mibale na zomi na mibale <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://everypolitician.org/congo-kinshasa/assembly/term-table/2012.html|title=Kopi ya archive|access-date=2024-08-26|archivedate=2025-01-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250120071305/https://everypolitician.org/congo-kinshasa/assembly/term-table/2012.html}}</ref> lokola Mosangani ya Parlement ya Lukunga, na engumba [[Kinsásá|Kinshasa]], lokola candidat ya Mouvement social pour renouvellement (MSR). Na sanza ya zomi na moko na mbula ya nkoto mibale na zomi na mwambe, Jolie Kenda alongwaki na ndenge ya officiellement Mouvement social pour le renouvellement oyo [[Pierre Lumbi Okongo|Pierre Lumbi]] a fondaki mpo na ko pesa maboko na mosangi ya parlement ya Front commun pour le Congo (FCC), [[Emmanuel Ramazani Shadari Mulanda|Emmanuel Shadary]] . Na likambo moko na Matonge, na mboka ya Kalamu, a fondaki esika moko babengi " Alliance ya [[Joseph Kabila]] na Ramazani Shadary pona Développement » <ref>{{Cite journal|date=19 novembre 2018|url=https://actualite.cd/2018/11/19/rdc-la-deputee-jolie-kenda-quitte-officiellement-pierre-lumbi-et-soutient-shadary}}</ref> . Na mbula oyo elandaki, Jolie Kenda abandisaki lingomba na ye moko ya politiki, Parti du peuple congolais (PPEC), na ntuku mibale na mwambe ya sanza ya minei na nkoto mibale na zomi na libwa <ref name=":0"/> , <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://congoprofond.net/rdc-jolie-kenda-lance-le-parti-du-peuple-congolais-ppec/|date=2019-04-29}}</ref> . Na mokanda oyo atindelaki président ya groupe politiki AA/A, ya ntuku mibale na misatu ya sanza ya mibale na ntoko mibale na zomi na libwa, Jolie Kenda asakoli bolongwi na ye na kampagny sénateur mpo na ba ntina ndenge olingi yo moko <ref>{{Cite journal|date=18.02.2019|url=https://www.mediacongo.net/article-actualite-47791_senatoriale_jolie_kenda_se_retire.html}}</ref> . nu20p14c4xqqfplww1xeik2m429v0ja 0 14444 135823 132317 2026-08-03T21:21:13Z Nissiel Biozi 13798 Créé en traduisant la section « Biographie » de la page « [[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/232601549|Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo]] » 135823 wikitext text/x-wiki [[image:Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo 001.jpg|thumb|300px| Sénatrice '''Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo''']] '''Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo''', azali politicien mpe politicien congolais mpe na tango oyo azali Sénatrice ya (Republique Démocratique du Congo). Aponamaki na mokolo ya 26 Mai 2024, na etuka ya engumba [[Ituri]]<ref name="emergence-groupe.com">{{Lien web |langue=fr-FR |titre=Politique&Sécurité Bunia : élue sénatrice, Noëlla Bachebandey salue la transparence du scrutin |url=https://emergence-groupe.com/bunia-elue-senatrice-noella-bachebandey-salue-la-transparence-du-scrutin |site=emergence-groupe.com |date=27 mai 2024 |consulté le=08 février 2025}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name="bunia-info24.net">{{Lien web |langue=fr-FR |titre=Ituri : Portrait de la candidate sénatrice Noëlla Bachebandey Manzalo|url=https://bunia-info24.net/ituri-portrait-de-la-candidate-senatrice-noella-bachebandey-manzalo/ |site=bunia-info24.net |date=28 mars 2024 |consulté le=08 février 2025}}</ref>. == Biografi ya bomoi == Bachebandey Manzolo, azali moto ya secteur ya [[Banyali Kilo]] na [[Djugu]], na etuka ya [[Ituri]]. Abotami na tata Christophe Agalo mpe mama Christine Adokorac, bango mibale bakufaki.<ref name="iturionline.net">{{Lien web |langue=fr-FR |titre=Elections sénatoriales: Portrait de la candidate Noella Bachebandey, une femme qui mérite grâce à ses œuvres connues |url=https://iturionline.net/ituri-elections-senatoriales-noella-bachebandey-une-femme-qui-merite-grace-a-ses-oeuvres-connues/ |site=bunia-info24.net |date=27 mars 2024 |consulté le=08 février 2025}}</ref>. == Formation == Na 2011, asilisaki boyekoli na ye na droit public na [[Université ya Bunia]] (UNIBU) na [[Bunia]]<ref name="iturionline.net"/> ===Carrière ya politiki=== Bachebandey Manzolo, asali ba postes politiques ebele na ba mbula eleki; azalaki bongo <ref name="www.kis24.info">{{Lien web |titre=Maître Noella Bachebandey espere-que les failles ignorées par les hommes seront corrigées par la nommination de Madame [[Judith Suminwa Tuluka]] |url=https://www.kis24.info/nomination-de-judith-suminwa-tres-optimiste-me-noella-bachebandey-espere-que-les-failles-ignorees-par-les-hommes-seront-corrigees-message/ |site=www.kis24.info |consulté le=08 février 2025}}</ref>: # Superviseur technique territoire ya commission électorale indépendante, CEI na sigle ; # Membre ya bureau ya relais ya CEI na territoire ya [[Djugu]] na 2006; # Trésorier na aumônier catholique ya campus [Université ya Bunia]] (UNIBU) na 2009; # Mokambi ya ba enquêteurs ya organisation internationale ya migration na 2008; # Directeur général ya entreprise na se ya nzete ya palmier kobanda 2013 tii lelo; # Mokambi ya Bureau ya division provinciale ya Action Humanitaire mpe Solidarité Nationale ya [[Ituri]] na bureau conjoint ya Mbunya; # Expert oyo azali na charge ya enquête ya désastre naturel na province ya [[Ituri]]; === Basusu === Maître Noëlla Bachebandey Manzalo azali membre ya parti politique [[Union pour la nation congolaise]] (UNC), parti cher na [[Vital kamhere]]<ref name="iturionline">{{Lien web |langue=fr-FR |titre=Rentrée parlementaire: la sénatrice Noëlla Bachebandey s’engage à relever les défis liés à l’Ituri |url=https://iturionline.net/rentree-parlementaire-la-senatrice-noella-bachebandey-sengage-a-relever-les-defis-lies-a-lituri/ |site=iturionline.net |date=16 septembre 2024 |consulté le=08 février 2025}}</ref>. == Biographie == Bachebandey Manzolo, azali ebandeli ya secteur [[Banyali Kilo]] na [[Eténi|Djugu]], na provence ya [[Pɔlɔvɛ́si|Ituri]] . Abotamaki na tata Christophe Agalo mpe mama Christine Adokorac, bango mibale bakufaki.<ref name="iturionline.net">{{Cite web|url=https://iturionline.net/ituri-elections-senatoriales-noella-bachebandey-une-femme-qui-merite-grace-a-ses-oeuvres-connues/|date=27 mars 2024}}</ref> == Talá mpe == == Masolo oyo etali yango == * [[Gouvernement ya Suminwa]]. * [[Anne Mbunguje Marembo]]. ==Ba références == {{références}} {{ndambo}} krzcx2c32zeduwtz0pwc4g6yovovoyc 135824 135823 2026-08-03T21:24:58Z Nissiel Biozi 13798 Créé en traduisant la page « [[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/232601549|Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo]] » 135824 wikitext text/x-wiki Bachebandey Manzolo, azali origine ya secteur [[Banyali Kilo]] na [[Eténi|Djugu]], na provence ya [[Pɔlɔvɛ́si|Ituri]] . Abotamaki na tata Christophe Agalo mpe mama Christine Adokorac, bango mibale bakufaki.<ref name="iturionline.net">{{Cite web|language=fr-FR|title=Elections sénatoriales: Portrait de la candidate Noella Bachebandey, une femme qui mérite grâce à ses œuvres connues|url=https://iturionline.net/ituri-elections-senatoriales-noella-bachebandey-une-femme-qui-merite-grace-a-ses-oeuvres-connues/|date=27 mars 2024|accessdate=08 février 2025}}</ref> Na ntoko mibale na zomi na moko , asilisaki boyekoli na ye na mibeko ya leta na [[Bobɔ́ngɔ|Iniversite ya Bunia]] (UNIBU) na [[Búnya|Bunia]] <ref name="iturionline.net">{{Cite web|language=fr-FR|title=Elections sénatoriales: Portrait de la candidate Noella Bachebandey, une femme qui mérite grâce à ses œuvres connues|url=https://iturionline.net/ituri-elections-senatoriales-noella-bachebandey-une-femme-qui-merite-grace-a-ses-oeuvres-connues/|date=27 mars 2024|accessdate=08 février 2025}}</ref> === Carrière politique === sxoekxuxit6oe42lj6nguqj4a4mkywd 0 14453 135825 132333 2026-08-03T21:31:57Z Nissiel Biozi 13798 Créé en traduisant la section « Biographie » de la page « [[:fr:Special:Redirect/revision/236337290|Arlette Bahati Tito]] » 135825 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arlette Bahati Tito''',azali politicien congolais. Sikawa azali sénateur ya etuka ya Kinshasa<ref name="www.senat.cd">{{Lien web |langue=fr |titre=RDC : "Les 109 Sénateurs" |url=https://www.senat.cd/vos-senateurs/les-109-senateurs/ |site=www.senat.cd |date=22 septembre 2022 |consulté le=13 février 2024}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name="acp.cd">{{Lien web |langue=fr |titre=RDC : organisation dans le calme des élections des Sénateurs et gouverneurs |url=https://acp.cd/nation/rdc-organisation-dans-le-calme-des-elections-des-senateurs-et-gouverneurs/ |site=acp.cd |date=29 avril 2024 |consulté le=13 février 2024}}</ref>{{,}}<ref name="kivumorningpost.cd">{{Lien web |langue=fr |titre=RDC : élections sénatoriales voici la liste des nouveaux senateurs dont : kabuya-bahati-ngobila-sama-lukonde parmi les élus/ |url=https://kivumorningpost.cd/2024/04/29/elections-senatoriales-voici-la-liste-des-nouveaux-senateurs-dont-kabuya-bahati-ngobila-sama-lukonde-parmi-les-elus/ |site=kivumorningpost.cd |date=24 avril 2024 |consulté le=13 février 2024}}</ref>. == Biografi ya bomoi == == Mateya == == Influence ya carrière na politique == Le 15 novembre 2022 na [[RTNC]], Président ya République [[Félix Tshisekedi]] Tshilombo Antoine, a nommé ye na chef ya série ya ba entreprises publiques y compris Société Nationale des Hydrocarbures (SONAHYDROC), opérateur principal ya l’Etat na secteur pétrolier, société oyo mutu nionso azali kozela na suka ekokoka kozongela lokumu na yango ya kala banda tango babengaki yango Petro Zaire<ref name="7sur7.cd">{{Lien web |langue=fr |titre=RDC - SONAHYDROC : Qui est Arlette Bahati Tito, la nouvelle directrice générale adjointe nommée par le président Tshisekedi ? (Portrait) |url=https://7sur7.cd/2022/12/02/rdc-sonahydroc-qui-est-arlette-bahati-tito-la-nouvelle-directrice-generale-adjointe |site=7sur7.cd |date=02 décembre 2022 |consulté le=13 février 2024}}</ref>. Kati na [[2021]] na [[2022]], en plus ya kozala conseiller en charge ya finances mpe produits stratégiques na Ministère ya économie nationale, asalaki lokola membre ya ba commissions techniques ebele<ref name="7sur7.cd" />{{,}}<ref name="infocongo.net">{{Lien web |langue=fr |titre=RDC : 84 sénateurs et 19 gouverneurs et vice-gouverneurs pour démarrer le second mandat de Félix Tshisekedi |url=https://infocongo.net/2024/05/02/rdc-84-senateurs-et-19-gouverneurs-et-vice-gouverneurs-pour-demarrer-le-second-mandat-de-felix-tshisekedi/ |site=infocongo.net |date=02 mai 2024 |consulté le=13 février 2024}}</ref>. Na 2024, akomi sénateur<ref name="actualite.cd">{{Lien web |langue=fr |titre=Sénatoriale à Kinshasa : les femmes remportent deux sièges sur huit |url=https://actualite.cd/2024/04/30/senatoriale-kinshasa-les-femmes-remportent-deux-sieges-sur-huit |site=actualite.cd |date=30 avril 2024 |consulté le=13 février 2024}}</ref>. == Polémique ya maponami == ==Bomoi ya moto ye moko == == Ba lokumu == == Tala lisusu == * [[Anne Mbunguje Marembo]] * [[Noëlla Bachebandey Manzolo]] * [[Cathy Botema Mboyo]] * [[Nadine Boboy Mwanela]] == Ba notes na ba références == {{Références}} {{ndambo}} [[Category: Sénateur ya Kongo démocratique]] == Biographie == Azuaki certificat ya école primaire na école Massamba na [[Kinsásá|Kinshasa]] na zomi na libwa ntuku mwambe na libwa , diplôme ya leta na ko tangisa na lycée Sacré-Cœur Tuzayana na Kipaku na zomi na libwa ntuku libwa na libwa, diplôme ya mibeko na ntika mpe makambo ya bomoi na [[Bobɔ́ngɔ bwa Mísiɔni ya Kongó|université protestante na Congo]] na nkóto mibale.<ref name="scooprdc.net">{{Cite web|language=fr|title=https://scooprdc.net/2022/12/02/sonahydroc-qui-est-arlette-bahati-tito-la-nouvelle-dga/|url=https://scooprdc.net/2022/12/02/sonahydroc-qui-est-arlette-bahati-tito-la-nouvelle-dga/|date=02 décembre 2022|accessdate=13 février 2024}}</ref> 1kkjxiwme7htmqa29zh3m6esag15odb