Wikipedia madwiki https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tan%C3%A8yan MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.19 first-letter Mèḍia Spesial Pakanḍhâ'ân Pangangghuy Pakanḍhâ'ânna pangangghuy Wikipèḍia Pakanḍhâ'ânna Wikipèḍia Bhengkek Pakanḍhâ'ânna bhengkek MèḍiaWiki Pakanḍhâ'ânna MèḍiaWiki Cèṭa'an Pakanḍhâ'ânna cèṭa'an Bhântowan Pakanḍhâ'ânna bhântowan Bhângsa Pakanḍhâ'ânna bhângsa TimedText TimedText talk Modul Pembicaraan Modul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 10 4755 66026 39556 2026-09-13T08:10:40Z CommonsDelinker 24 Replacing TimezonesID.svg with [[File:UTC_hue4map_IDN.svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR4|Criterion 4]] (harmonizing names of file set) · color scheme taken from [[:c::File:UTC hue4map 66026 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = [[merdyka ind bâkto Indo]] | image = [[File:UTC hue4map IDN.svg|350px|center]] | caption = Ekkar zona bâkto Inḍ {{collapsed infobox section begin|div=yes|Bâkto samangkènan|titlestyle=background-color:#00ffff}} | label1 = [[Waktu Inḍ Barat]] [[UTC+07:00|(UTC+07:00)]] | data1 = '''{{time|ef=dmy24|WIB|hide-tz =yes|dst=no|lang=id}}''' | label2 = [[Waktu Inḍ Tengah]] [[UTC+08:00|(UTC+08:00)]] | data2 = '''{{time|WITA|hide-tz = yes|dst=no|lang=id}}''' | label3 = [[Waktu Inḍ Timur]] [[UTC+09:00|(UTC+09:00)]] | data3 = '''{{time|WIT|hide-tz = yes|dst=no|lang=id}}''' | label4 =[[tz database]] | data4 = Asia/[[Jakarta]] · Asia/[[Pontianak]] · Asia/[[Makassar]] · Asia/[[Jayapura]] }}<noinclude> [[Category:Time zones templates]]</noinclude> {{collapsed infobox section end}} <noinclude> [[Category:Template zona bâkto]] [[Category:Time zones templates]] jpzg7cf9034fzx7zt4cm891vskzt8v8 0 6036 66025 65974 2026-09-12T17:59:59Z Rèng anè 4736 /* Istilah */ 66025 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Kottha|ꦏꦺꦴꦛ꧀ꦛ|كَوڟّا}} {{Parkara|èkan ḍâèra ḍâlem pamèyarsan omom|èkan administrasi wilayah Inḍonèsia|Kottha (Inḍonèsia)}} {{Parkara|kottha (city)|kottha kènè' saonḍhâk kecamadhân otabâ distrik|kottha kènè'{{!}}kottha kènè' (town)}} {{Kegunaan lain}} {{Wiktionary}} [[File:Earthlights dmsp 1994–1995.jpg|jmpl|Sonar tha-kottha dhunnya ḍâri angkasa. NASA. Dhâlârân Marc Imhoff]] '''Kottha''' ({{langx|en|city|italic=yes}}; {{langx|zlm|bandar|italic=yes}}) èngghi panèka panambhâghân manḍâtan parmokèman bân parengghun sè aghâḍhuwi majupat wilayah administrasi sè èrampa ḍâlem pamatrabhân undang-undang mangsana tèmet sè ampon ngatonaghi bâtek bân tora kaoḍi'ân parkottha'an. Sistem kottha èngghi panèka sapanḍhâ tha-kottha sè patang ghumantong sacara fungsional ḍâlem sawilayah bân amasèsa ḍâ' wilayah saèdhârrâ. Sistem kottha abirâsa distribusi kottha, indèks bân ka'aghulân kottha amangsan fungsi kottha.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Muta'ali|first=Lutfi|date=2015|url=|title=Teknik Analisis Ragional untuk panrèka'an Wilayah, Tata Ruang, dan Lingkungan|location=Yogyakarta|publisher=Fakultas Gegrafi (BPFG) Universitas Gajah Mada|isbn=|pages=|url-status=live}}</ref> Kottha maslèra sentangan [[Pola tèmetan|tèmet]] kelabân jumlah [[pangengghun]] sè rèlatif rajâ bân [[cerrèmon pangengghun]] sè tèngghi. Sapalè rowa, pamokèman sè bâḍâ asèfat pagghun bân èkèlem dhâlârân masyarakat hèterogèn.{{Sfn|Jamaluddin|2017|p=35}} Padhâparan kottha aslèra hasèl ḍâri nyekkarra [[dhisa]] ḍâlem pabibârân pamokèman bân ngaongghâna jumlah pangengghun.{{Sfn|Jamaluddin|2017|p=41-42}} Kottha afungsi mènangka maor pamokèman bân aktivitas manossa ḍâmon kabâḍâ'ânna ngabhâdhi mèlaghis pentèng ḍâ' wilayah neng èdhârrâ ḍâlem manḍâtan [[pardhâghângan]], [[Parnata|parnatan]], industri, bân [[Bhudhâjâ|kabhudhâjâ'ân]].{{Sfn|Jamaluddin|2017|p=52-53}} Palaoran kottha mènangka kennengan pamokèman èkamasèsa dhâlârân kalastana lampanan è lonè [[jhâsa]], [[transportasi]], bân [[manufaktur]]. Kottha kèya ghâḍhuwân kaslonḍhupan èngghi ka'ḍissa bhânḍhâna odi' bân onḍhâk [[Pidana|kriminalitas]] sè tèngghi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Murdiyanto, E.|first=|date=2008|url=http://repository.upnyk.ac.id/3224/1/Buku_Sosperd-Eko_Murdiyanto.pdf|title=Sosiologi PerDhisaan|location=Yogyakarta|publisher=Wimaya Press|isbn=978-979-8918-88-9|pages=204|url-status=live|access-date=2024-12-24|archive-date=2022-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117062355/http://repository.upnyk.ac.id/3224/1/Buku_Sosperd-Eko_Murdiyanto.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> == Istilah == [[File:NYC_wideangle_south_from_Top_of_the_Rock.jpg|jmpl|Pemandangan Kottha New York]] Pamèyarsan "kottha" saka'ḍimma sè èkapatrap è [[Inḍonèsia]] araguy pamèyarsan "town" bân "city" ḍâlem [[bhâsa Inggris]]. Sapalèyanna, taksè kèya [[kapitonim]] "[[Kottha (administrasi negara)|Kottha]]" sè maslèra èkan administrasi naghârâ è andhâbbhâ [[provinsi]]. Artikel rèya akanḍhâi "kottha" ḍâlem pamèyarsan omom (nyama jennès, ''common name''). Kottha èbhidhâ'aghi sacara morsa' (kontras) ḍâri [[dhisa]] otabâna [[kampong]] alèngghâ okoranna, cerrèmon pangengghun, kepentèngan, otabâ status hukumma.{{fact}} Dhisa otabâ kampong èpongkas lahan kasarḍâ bhunten pamokèman. Kottha aghâḍhuwi tello' tora otama, èngghi panèka aghâḍhuwân cerrèmon pangengghun sè ronjut, panambhâghân sanèskara cakangan, bân cakangan otama non pananeman. == Panrèka'an tata ruang == Tèori panrèka'an ampon nyekkar dhimènan bân mokpara menḍâng pa'obâ'ân rontongè aghilina bâkto. Anandhinèng karsa panrèka'an dhibi', sajjhâk Patrick Geddes èkanokèl ḍâlem Rafita (2016) nyometta ḍâlem sè partama kantos satya la mokpara mânḍâng paobâ'ân. Tèori panrèka'an mola asekkar lastarèna rèvolusi industri sè ngatemma'an bujutta ka'ondhurân koṭṭa. Bujutta rèvolusi industri karasan sè mabhâdhi kabhutoan panglako è parkoṭṭa'an angongghâ'ân, kelabânna teddhiâ dègradasi lingkungan sè aghâbây bhângkat koṭṭa nerro'aghi sa rèformasi.{{Sfn|Prihatin, Daryanti, bân Pramadha|2019|p=21}} Rèvolusi industri dhibi' ampon ngrèpta'aghi pa'obâ'ân èngghi ka'dissa' kelabân mokparana ṭa-koṭṭa industri sè madhâlâr'aghi pamataran pangengghun mola dâ'èra panamenan ḍâ' ḍâèra industri. Apatarra paengghun ḍâri Dhisa ka koṭṭa sè ta' ngaghâdhui pangonèngan parkara ka'odi'an koṭṭa sapanèka sè marghâ'aghiyâ pangaobâ'ân rantapan koṭṭa. Parèjikan atotongghá Parèjikan atotongghâ èngghi panèka parèjikan sè ma'ambhâri kabhutoan samangkèn tahpa ngorban'aghi odhilla generasi mapagghi' ka'angghuy ma'ambheri kabhutoan sèsan dhibi'. Panrèka'an tata ruang maslèra'aghi prosès karaju' (sè bhunten produk pamongkas aregghi matè) b. Panrèka'an tata ruang sè marbhâ bân karaju' araghây: panrèka'an fisik-spasial, panrèka'an pamaoran (komunitas), panrèka'an sombher dhâjâ. c. panrèka'an tata ruang èlalampan alèngghâ kapentèngan masyarakat. d. panrèka'an tata ruang èlampanè kelabân alèngghâ'aghi partèmbhângan sombher dhâjâ sè kalasta. e. Trèka tata ruang sè ètorsona maslèra'aghi trèka sè rèken kèngèng èmaojud'aghiâ.{{Sfn|Prihatin, Daryanti, bân Pramadha|2019|p=22}} ḍâri clèḍi teori panrèka'an sè maojud, kabâḍâ'ân sala sittong tèori sè sekken ghâutanna kelabân parantapan wilayah bân koṭṭa èngghi ka'dissa' tèori Archibugi sè maèdhir'aghi taghâut pamatrâbhân komponèn panrèka'an wilayah. Fungsi[[File:Kuopion Keskustaa.jpg|jmpl|303x303px|[[Kuopio|Koṭṭa Kuopio]], [[Finlandia]]]] Koṭṭa sè ampon anyekkar majhu aghâdhui peranan bân fungsi sè langkong bibârân pandhelianna mènangka atitèng: * mènangka Kennengan panambhâghân ḍâri clèḍi corag produksi. Andhi: [[Kediri|Kadiri]], [[Pekanbaru]], bân [[Bontang]] * mènangka panambhâghân ḍâri lowa pardhâghângan bân kiya kaobângan. Andhi: [[Medan|Mèdan]], [[Koṭṭa Sorbhâjâ|Sorbhâjâ]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Singapura]], bân [[Frankfurt]] * mènangka panambhâghân ḍâri parnatan. Andhi: [[Brasilia]] ([[èbhu koṭṭa]] [[Brasil]]), [[Washington DC]] (èbhu koṭṭa [[Amerika Serikat|Amèrika Serikat]]), [[Canberra]] (èbhu koṭṭa [[Australia]]) * mènangka panambhâghân ḍâri sa kabhudâjâ'ân. Andhi: [[Yogyakarta (koṭṭa)|Yogyakarta]] bân [[Surakarta]] * mènangka panoak Koṭṭa panambhâghân otabâ [[Koṭṭa satelit]]. Andhi: [[Tangerang Lao'|Tangerang jhâleu']], [[Koṭṭa Binjai|Binjai]] bân, [[Koṭṭa Batu]] ==Sombher== {{Reflist|2}} cl400wca4ly1r7mmr6904ewcjujxy0d 0 6190 66027 64785 2026-09-13T09:45:41Z CommonsDelinker 24 Replacing Coat_of_arms_of_Burkina_Faso.svg with [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Burkina_Faso_(1984-2025).svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR4|Criterion 4]] (harmonizing names of file set) · The 66027 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Lambhâng naghârâ neng dhunnya''' panèka marèngaghi sadhâjâ [[lambhâng naghârâ|lambhâng naghârâ]]-[[naghârâ aḍolat]] neng [[ḍaftar naghârâ aḍolat]]. Ḍaftar panèka alèngghâ ḍâ': * 193 Naghârâ [[angghuta Parsarèkadhân Bhângsa-Bhângsa]] * 2 Naghârâ [[panjhelling bennè angghuta Parsarèkadhân Bhângsa-Bhângsa]] ([[naghârâ Palèstina|Palèstina]] tor [[Aras Soccè Vatikan]]) <!--todo:{{Nationalflags}}--> __NOTOC__ {{compactTOC2}} == Afrika == <gallery> File:Coat of arms of Egypt (Official).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Mesir File:Coat of arms of Libya Tobruk Government.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Libya File:Coat of arms of Tunisia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Tunisia File:Coat of arms of Morocco.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Maroko File:Coat of arms of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Sahara Jhebârâ' File:Canary Islands CoA.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan Canaria File:Coat of arms of Madeira.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan Madeira File:Seal of Mauritania (2018).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Mauritania File:Coat of arms of Mali.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Mali File:Coat of arms of Niger.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Niger File:Coat of arms of Chad.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Chad File:Emblem of Sudan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Sudan File:Coat of arms of South Sudan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Sudan Jhâlâu'. File:Emblem of Ethiopia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Èthiopia File:Emblem of Eritrea (or argent azur).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Èritrèa File:Emblem of Djibouti.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Djibouti File:Emblem of Somaliland.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Somaliland File:Coat of arms of Somalia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Somalia File:Emblem of Guinea-Bissau.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Guinèa Bissau File:Coat of arms of Guinea.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Guinèa File:Coat of arms of Sierra Leone.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Sierra Lèone File:Coat of arms of Liberia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Libèria File:Coat of arms of Ivory Coast.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Pantai Gading File:Coat of arms of Burkina Faso (1984-2025).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Burkina Faso File:Coat of arms of Ghana.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Ghana File:Armoiries du Togo.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Togo File:Coat of arms of Benin.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bènin File:Coat of arms of Nigeria.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Nigèria File:Coat of arms of Cameroon.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kamèrun File:Coat of arms of Equatorial Guinea.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Guinèa Khatulistiwa File:Coat of arms of the Central African Republic.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Rèp. Afrika Tengnga File:Coat of arms of Gabon.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Gabon File:Coat of arms of the Republic of the Congo.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Rèpublik Kongo File:Coat of arms of Uganda.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Uganda File:Coat of arms of Rwanda.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Rwanda File:Coat of arms of Burundi.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Burundi File:Alternate Coat of arms of Kenya.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kenya File:Coat of arms of Tanzania.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Tanzania File:Coat of arms of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Sao Tome & Principe File:Emblem of Angola.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Angolla File:Coat of arms of Zambia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Zambia File:Coat of arms of Malawi.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Malawi File:Emblem of Mozambique.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Mozambik File:Coat of arms of Seychelles.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Seychelles File:Coat of arms of Cape Verde.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Tajhung Vèrde File:Seal of the Comoros.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Komoro File:Coat of arms of Zimbabwe.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Zimbabwè File:Coat of arms of Namibia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Namibia File:Coat of arms of Botswana.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Botswana File:Coat of arms of South Africa (heraldic).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Afrika Jheleu' File:Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Èswatini File:Coat of arms of Lesotho.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Lesotho File:Coat of Arms of Mayotte.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Mayottè File:Seal of Madagascar.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Madagaskar File:Coat of arms of Mauritius.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Mauritius File:Coat of arms of Senegal.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Sènegal File:Coat of arms of The Gambia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Gambia File:Coat of arms of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Rèpublik Demokraktik Kongo </gallery> == Asia == <gallery> File:National emblem of Indonesia Garuda Pancasila.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Inḍonèsia File:Coat of arms of Malaysia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Malaysia File:Emblem of Brunei.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Brunèi Darussalam File:Coat of arms of Singapore.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Singapura File:Unofficial Coat of Arms of Christmas Island.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Polo Natal File:Clunies-Ross family arms.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kep. Cocos File:Royal arms of Cambodia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kamboja File:State seal of Myanmar (1988–2011).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Myanmar File:Emblem of Laos (1991-2025).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Laos File:Emblem of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Viètnam File:中華人民共和國國徽.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Tiongkok File:National Emblem of the Republic of China.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Rep. Tiongkok File:Regional Emblem of Hong Kong.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Hong Kong File:Regional Emblem of Macau.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Makau File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Jepang File:Emblem of North Korea.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Korèa Jherâjâh File:Emblem of South Korea.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Korèa Jheleu' File:State emblem of Mongolia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Mongolia File:Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Rusia File:Emblem of Kazakhstan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kazakhstan File:Emblem of Kyrgyzstan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kirgiztan File:Emblem of Tajikistan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Tajikistan File:Emblem of Turkmenistan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Turkmenistan File:Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Uzbekistan File:Emblem of India.svg|alt=|Lambhâng India File:National emblem of Bangladesh.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bangladèsh File:Emblem of Bhutan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bhutan File:Emblem of Maldives.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Maladèwa File:Coat of arms of the British Indian Ocean Territory.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Wilayah Samudra Hindia Britania File:State emblem of Pakistan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Pakistan File:Emblem of Afghanistan (2004–2013).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Afghanistan File:Emblem of Saudi Arabia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Arab Saudi File:Emblem of Yemen.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Yaman File:Emblem of the United Arab Emirates.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Uni Emirat Arab File:Emblem of Qatar (1976–2022).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Qatar File:Emblem of Bahrain.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bahrain File:Emblem of Kuwait.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kuwait File:Coat of arms of Iraq.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Iraq File:Coat of arms of Palestine.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Palestina File:Emblem of Israel.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Israel File:Coat of arms of Jordan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Yordania File:Coat of arms of Lebanon.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Lebanon File:Emblem of Syria (1980–2024).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Suriah File:Coat of arms of Cyprus (2006).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Siprus File:Coat of arms of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Siprus Jherâjâh File:Greater coat of arms of Georgia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Georgia File:Coat of arms of Armenia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Armenia File:Emblem of Azerbaijan.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Azerbaijan File:Coat of arms of South Ossetia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Ossetia Jheleu' File:Coat of arms of Abkhazia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Abkhasia File:Emblem of the Republic of Artsakh.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Nagorno Karabakh File:Coat of arms of the Philippines.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Filiphina File:Emblem of Turkey.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Turki File:Coat of arms of East Timor.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Timor Leste File:Emblem of Thailand.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Thailand File:National emblem of Oman.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Oman </gallery> == Èropa == <gallery> File:Royal Arms of England.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Inggris File:Royal Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Skotlandia File:Royal Badge of Wales (2008-2024).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Wales File:Coat of Arms of Northern Ireland.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Irlandia Jherâjâh File:Coat of arms of the Isle of Man.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Polo Man File:Coat of arms of Guernsey.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Guernsey File:Coat of Arms of Jersey.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Jersey File:Coat of arms of Ireland.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Irlandia File:Coat of arms of Iceland.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Islandia File:Coat of arms of the Faroe Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kep. Faroe File:Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (2022).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Britania Raya File:Coat of Arms of Spain.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Spanyol File:Coat of arms of Andorra.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Andorra File:Coat of arms of Monaco.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Monako File:Great coat of arms of Belgium.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Belgia File:Greater coat of arms of the grand-duchy of Luxembourg.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Luksemburg File:Staatswappen-Liechtensteins.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Liechtenstein File:Coat of arms of Belarus (2020–present).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Belarus File:Coat of arms of Germany.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Jèrman File:Maarianhamina.vaakuna.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan. Åland File:Great coat of arms of Sweden.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Swedia File:Coat of arms of Finland.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Finlandia File:Royal coat of arms of the Netherlands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Belândhâ File:Coat of arms of Switzerland.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Swiss File:Coat of arms of Malta.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Malta File:Austria Bundesadler.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Austria File:Coat of arms of the Czech Republic.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Rèpublik Cèko File:Herb Polski.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Polandia File:Coat of Arms of Skalica.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Slowakia File:Coat of arms of Estonia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng EÈstonia File:Coat of arms of Latvia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Latvia File:Coat of arms of Lithuania.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Lithuania File:Coat of arms of Moldova.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Moldova File:Coat of arms of Hungary (oak and olive branches).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Hungaria File:Coat of arms of Bulgaria.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bulgaria File:Coat of arms of North Macedonia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Makèdonia Jherâjâh File:Coat of arms of Albania.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Albania File:Coat of arms of Montenegro.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Montenègro File:Coat of arms of Kosovo.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kosovo File:Coat of arms of Serbia and Montenegro.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Serbia File:Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bosnia & Herzegovina File:Coat of arms of Croatia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kroasia File:Coat of arms of Slovenia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Slovenia File:Coat of arms of Greece.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Yunani File:Coat of arms of Gibraltar1.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Gibraltar File:Coat of arms of San Marino.svg|alt=|Lambhâng San Marino File:Coat of arms of Transnistria.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Transnistria File:Coat of arms of Portugal.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Portugal File:Emblem of the French Republic.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Prancis File:Lesser Coat of Arms of Ukraine.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Ukraina File:Emblem of Italy.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Italia File:Emblem of Vatican City.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Vatikan File:Coat of arms of Romania.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Rumania File:National coat of arms of Denmark.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Dènmark File:Coat of arms of Norway.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Norwègia </gallery> == Amèrika Jherâjâh == <gallery> File:Royal Coat of Arms of Canada.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanada File:Coat of arms of Greenland.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Greenland File:Greater coat of arms of the United States.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Amèrika Syarikat File:Coat of arms of Mexico.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Mèksiko File:Coat of arms of Bermuda.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bermuda File:Coat of arms of Belize.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Belize File:Coat of arms of Nicaragua.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Nikaragua File:Coat of arms of Guatemala.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Guatemala File:Coat of arms of El Salvador.svg|alt=|Lambhâng El Salvador File:Coat of arms of Honduras.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Honduras File:Coat of arms of Costa Rica.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kosta Rika File:Coat of arms of Panama.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Panama File:Coat of arms of Cuba.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kuba File:Coat of arms of the Bahamas.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bahamas File:Coat of arms of the Cayman Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kep. Cayman File:Coat of arms of Jamaica.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Jamaika File:Coat of arms of Haiti.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Haiti File:Coat of arms of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kep. Turks & Caicos File:Coat of arms of the Dominican Republic.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Rep. Dominika File:Coat of arms Añasco, Puerto Rico.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Puerto Riko File:Coat of arms of the British Virgin Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan Virgin Inggris File:Seal of the United States Virgin Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan Virgin Amèrika Syarikat File:Coat of arms of Anguilla.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Anguilla File:Coat of arms of Montserrat.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Montserrat File:Coat of arms of Antigua and Barbuda.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Antigua & Barbuda File:BlasonGuadeloupe.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Guadeloupe File:Coat-of-arms-of-Dominica.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Dominika File:BlasonMartinique.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Martinique File:Coat of arms of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Saint Vincent & Grenadies File:Coat of arms of Barbados (2).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Barbados File:Coat of arms of Grenada.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Grenada File:Coat of arms of Saint Kitts and Nevis (variant).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Saint Kitts & Nevis File:Coat of arms of Saint Lucia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Saint Lucia </gallery> == Amèrika Jheleu' == <gallery> File:Coat of arms of Aruba.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Aruba File:Bonaire wapen.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bonaire File:Coat of arms of Curaçao.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Curaçao File:Coat of arms of Trinidad and Tobago (2025).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Trinidad & Tobago File:Coat of arms of French Guyana.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Guyana Prancis File:Coat of arms of Suriname.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Suriname File:Coat of arms of Guyana.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Guyana File:Coat of arms of Venezuela.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Venezuela File:Coat of arms of Colombia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kolombia File:Coat of arms of Ecuador.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Èkuador File:Coat of arms of the province of Ilo, Peru.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Peru File:Coat of arms of Brazil.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Brazil File:Coat of arms of Bolivia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Bolivia File:Coat of arms of Paraguay (1957-2013).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Paraguay File:Coat of arms of Uruguay.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Uruguay File:Coat of arms of Argentina.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Argentina File:Coat of arms of Chile.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Chili File:Coat of arms of the Falkland Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Falkland </gallery> == Osèania == <gallery> File:Seal of the Northern Mariana Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan Mariana Jherâjâh File:Seal of Guam.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Nosa Guam File:Seal of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Fèd. Mikronèsia File:Seal of the Marshall Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan Marshall File:Coat of arms of Nauru.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Nauru File:Coat of arms of Kiribati.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kiribati File:National emblem of Papua New Guinea (variant).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Papua Nugini File:Coat of arms of the Commonwealth of Australia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Australia File:Coat of arms of New Zealand.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Selandia Anyar File:Coat of Arms of Norfolk Island.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan Norfolk File:Coat of arms of the Pitcairn Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan Pitcairn File:Coat of arms of the Solomon Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Solomon File:Coat of arms of Vanuatu.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Vanuatu File:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Tuvalu File:BlasonWallisetFutuna.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Walis & Futuna File:Emblem of New Caledonia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kaledonia Anyar File:Coat of arms of Fiji.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Fiji File:Coat of arms of Tonga.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Tonga File:Badge of Tokelau.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Tokèlau File:Coat of arms of Western Samoa (1951-1962).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Samoa Jhebârâ' File:Seal of American Samoa.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Samoa Amèrika File:Public Seal of Niue (1974–2021).svg|alt=|Lambhâng Niue File:Coat of arms of the Cook Islands.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Kanosaan Cook File:Coat of arms of French Polynesia.svg|alt=|Lambhâng Polinèsia Prancis </gallery> == Pranala manca == * Oghâr otama: ''International Civic Arms'' (33.000 lambâng nâng dunnya) [http://www.ngw.nl] {{Lambhâng Naghârâ è dhunnya}} [[Category:Lambhâng Naghârâ| {{PAGENAME}}]] [[Category:Ḍaftar mènorot Naghârâ|Lambâng naghârâ]] [[Category:Ḍaftar atopik simbol|Lambâng naghârâ neng dhunnya]] afw2dynyxbvdgkpdbouy1d3phpqtu9o 0 18522 66029 60720 2026-09-13T10:54:13Z Rèng anè 4736 /* */ 66029 wikitext text/x-wiki == Peran akting == === ''Film'' === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Taon !Juḍul !Peran !Catedhân |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Perempuan Punya Cerita'' |Maesaroh |Segmen: Carèta Cibinong |- |''Liburan Seruuu...!!'' |Nala | |- |2009 |''Meraih Mimpi'' | |Sè ngèssè'è sowara |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''Ḍear Ḍavid'' |Sasa | |- |''Puspa Inḍah Taman Hati'' |Nita | |- |2024 |''Sampai Nanti, Hanna!'' |Riḍa | |} {| class="wikitable" !+ !Nandhâ'aghi film ghita' èrilis è bâkto mangkèn |} === Film panḍâ' === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Taon !Juḍul !Peran !Catedhân |- |2022 |''Toya'' ''ḍan Roh Seninya'' |Toya | |} === Serial televisi === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Taon !Juḍul !Peran !Catedhân |- | rowspan="3" |2007 | rowspan="3" |''Cookies'' | rowspan="2" |Tere |Episoḍe: Jungkir Balik Ḍunia Sissy |- |Episoḍe: Ḍunia Sissy Jungkir Balik Lagi |- |Melani |Episoḍe: Sissy Ajah |- | |''Kurma'' | |Episoḍe: Coba Lu Jaḍi Gue |- |2009 |''Kepompong'' | | |} === ''Serial web'' === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Taon !Juḍul !Peran !Catedhân |- |2020 |''Lutung Kasarung'' |Purbasari | |- |2021 |''Serial Musikal Nurbaya'' |Ḍara Jelita | |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |''Senja'' ''ḍi Ujung Ramaḍan'' | | |- |''Suka'' ''Ḍuka Berḍuka'' |Putri | |-|{{TBA}}|{{pending film|Suara Nada}} | | |} {| class="wikitable" !+ !Nandhâ'aghi film ghita' èrilis è bâkto mangkèn |} * TBA: ''To be announced'' === ''Teater'' === * ''Jaka Tarub'' (2020) * ''Calon Arang'' (2020) * ''Ken'' ''Ḍeḍes'' (2023) * ''Ken'' ''Ḍeḍes Re-run'' (2023) * ''Musikal Bangku Kosong'' (2023) == Peran Ta' Kalabân Akting == === ''Film'' === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Tahun !Judul !Peran !Catatan |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''Gita Cinta'' ''ḍari SMA'' |Koorḍinator koreografi | |- |''Catatan Si Boy'' |Koreografer | |} === ''Teater'' === * ''Kitara'' (2023) dhâddhi proḍuser * ''Musikal Bangku Kosong'' (2023) dhâddhi proḍuser == Ḍiskografi == === ''Singel'' === * "Hujan Ḍeras" (2005) — Abhâreng Sujiwo Tejo === Album jalur sowara === * ''Serial Musikal Nurbaya (Original Cast Recorḍing)'' (2021)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Suryowati |first=Estu |title=Serial Musikal Nurbaya Lebih Hidup dengan 23 Lagu - Jawa Pos |url=https://www.jawapos.com/music-movie/01336096/serial-musikal-nurbaya-lebih-hidup-dengan-23-lagu |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=Serial Musikal Nurbaya Lebih Hidup dengan 23 Lagu - Jawa Pos |language=id}}</ref> == Sombher == <references /> 5vb173o7lzhpj5kegajij40dlioh5ei 66030 66029 2026-09-13T10:55:18Z Rèng anè 4736 /* */ 66030 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox orang}} '''Ken Nala Amrytha''' (lahèr è tangghâl 23 Sèptèmber 1995) panèka panari, aktor, bân panyanyi Inḍonèsia.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nanda |first=Erfah |date=2022-06-30 |title=15 Tahun Vakum, Nala Amrytha Akhirnya Comeback Akting |url=https://www.idntimes.com/hype/entertainment/nala-amrytha-comeback-akting-00-19lfc-m9fd7t |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=IDN Times |language=id}}</ref> Nala perna aḍuet bân Sujiwo Tejo è lagu "''Hujan'' ''Ḍeras''" è album katello'na Sujiwo, Syair Dhunnya Ḍigital, sè èrilis è taon 2005. == Peran akting == === ''Film'' === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Taon !Juḍul !Peran !Catedhân |- | rowspan="2" |2008 |''Perempuan Punya Cerita'' |Maesaroh |Segmen: Carèta Cibinong |- |''Liburan Seruuu...!!'' |Nala | |- |2009 |''Meraih Mimpi'' | |Sè ngèssè'è sowara |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''Ḍear Ḍavid'' |Sasa | |- |''Puspa Inḍah Taman Hati'' |Nita | |- |2024 |''Sampai Nanti, Hanna!'' |Riḍa | |} {| class="wikitable" !+ !Nandhâ'aghi film ghita' èrilis è bâkto mangkèn |} === Film panḍâ' === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Taon !Juḍul !Peran !Catedhân |- |2022 |''Toya'' ''ḍan Roh Seninya'' |Toya | |} === Serial televisi === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Taon !Juḍul !Peran !Catedhân |- | rowspan="3" |2007 | rowspan="3" |''Cookies'' | rowspan="2" |Tere |Episoḍe: Jungkir Balik Ḍunia Sissy |- |Episoḍe: Ḍunia Sissy Jungkir Balik Lagi |- |Melani |Episoḍe: Sissy Ajah |- | |''Kurma'' | |Episoḍe: Coba Lu Jaḍi Gue |- |2009 |''Kepompong'' | | |} === ''Serial web'' === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Taon !Juḍul !Peran !Catedhân |- |2020 |''Lutung Kasarung'' |Purbasari | |- |2021 |''Serial Musikal Nurbaya'' |Ḍara Jelita | |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |''Senja'' ''ḍi Ujung Ramaḍan'' | | |- |''Suka'' ''Ḍuka Berḍuka'' |Putri | |-|{{TBA}}|{{pending film|Suara Nada}} | | |} {| class="wikitable" !+ !Nandhâ'aghi film ghita' èrilis è bâkto mangkèn |} * TBA: ''To be announced'' === ''Teater'' === * ''Jaka Tarub'' (2020) * ''Calon Arang'' (2020) * ''Ken'' ''Ḍeḍes'' (2023) * ''Ken'' ''Ḍeḍes Re-run'' (2023) * ''Musikal Bangku Kosong'' (2023) == Peran Ta' Kalabân Akting == === ''Film'' === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Tahun !Judul !Peran !Catatan |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''Gita Cinta'' ''ḍari SMA'' |Koorḍinator koreografi | |- |''Catatan Si Boy'' |Koreografer | |} === ''Teater'' === * ''Kitara'' (2023) dhâddhi proḍuser * ''Musikal Bangku Kosong'' (2023) dhâddhi proḍuser == Ḍiskografi == === ''Singel'' === * "Hujan Ḍeras" (2005) — Abhâreng Sujiwo Tejo === Album jalur sowara === * ''Serial Musikal Nurbaya (Original Cast Recorḍing)'' (2021)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Suryowati |first=Estu |title=Serial Musikal Nurbaya Lebih Hidup dengan 23 Lagu - Jawa Pos |url=https://www.jawapos.com/music-movie/01336096/serial-musikal-nurbaya-lebih-hidup-dengan-23-lagu |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=Serial Musikal Nurbaya Lebih Hidup dengan 23 Lagu - Jawa Pos |language=id}}</ref> == Sombher == <references /> 5y4l6weaz8jf5zffigxlz2bfx0m3gm8 0 19634 66028 65836 2026-09-13T09:57:31Z Lutfiyatun 4232 66028 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Alie Bagente''''' '''otabâ ''Ali Begente''''' iyâ arèya kakanan kona ''khas Betawi'' sè èghâbây ḍâri intat (karèna nasè' sè kerrèng neng sobbhluk bâkto amassa') sè èpakerrèng, pas èghuring, bân èsèram kènca (ghulâ mèra). Kakanan panèka aropa'aghi camporan ḍâri Cèna, ''Arab'', Jhâbâ bân ''Betawi.''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Saputra |first=Rendra |date=2015-04-12 |title=Ali Bagente, Kudapan Khas Betawi yang Tergusur Zaman |url=https://www.viva.co.id/berita/nasional/612788-ali-bagente-kudapan-khas-betawi-yang-tergusur-zaman |access-date=2026-09-13 |website=www.viva.co.id |language=id}}</ref> == Asal osolla == Mènorot asal osolla nyama ''alie bagente'' ta' lepas ḍâri orèng ''Arab'' aslè sè ngoca' “''Ali bah ente''” neng taon 70-an. Lalakè' panèka ce' sennengnga ḍâ' kakanan jârèya tor segghut aghâbây ''alie bagente''. ''Ali'' sè aropa'aghi orèng ''Arab'' teppa' panèka ngoca' “''Ali bah ente''” sè artèna Ali trèsna ka bâ'na. Ḍâri jârèya sè pas kabbhi orèng neng bâkto jârèya ngoca' ''alie bagente''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin1 |date=2022-09-21 |title=Ali Bagente, Jajanan Khas Betawi yang Legendaris |url=https://www.senibudayabetawi.com/6890/ali-bagente-jajanan-khas-betawi-yang-legendaris.html |access-date=2026-09-13 |website=Seni Budaya Betawi |language=en-US}}</ref> Ghâlluna, ''alie bagente'' aropa'aghi kakanan ka'-angka' ra'yat sè segghut bâḍâ è bulân Pasa. Ghâbâyyâ sè ghâmpang tor han-bahanna sè modâ madhâddhi ḍâ' amanfa'ataghi karèna nasè' sè ta' èkakan. Jhâjhânan panèka aropa'aghi kakanân camporan ḍâri Cèna, ''Arab'', Jhâbhâ, bân ''Betawi''. Ghâllu, tan-tarètan ''Arab-Betawi'' bânnya' sè enneng è dâèra ''Kebon Pala'' (kennengngan ''Tanah Abang'') bân ''Kebon Nanas'' (kennengngan ''Jatinegara''). ''Khusus'' ètnis ''Arab'' sè asalla ḍâri ''Pekalongan'', bâkto pinda ka ''Jakarta'' kabânnya'an enneng è dâèra Condèt ''Batuampar''. Orèng ''Betawi'' lambâ' segghut amassa' nasè' ngangghuy bâjhân. Jârèya mabânynyak nasè' bârna soklat bân abâk kerrèng. Salaènna jârèya, bâgiyân bâbâna angos otabâ dhâddhi celleng polana dhâddhi bâghiyân sè lansong èkennèng apoy. Nasè' sè kerrèng bân bârna soklat jârèya sè èpaddhâdhi ''alie bagente''. Orèng-orèng ngoca' nasè' jârèya ta' patot èsajiyaghi neng mèjâ, dhâddhi èobâ dhâddhi ghu'-ghângghu'. == Carana Amassa' == Carana amassa' ''alie bagente'' riya ghâmpang. Nasè' potton ghellâ' èjhemur ghâllu sampè' kerrèng, pas èghuring sampè' massa'. Ghâbây nambâi rassa, bâkto jârèya ètambâi ghulâ bân aèng masak sè èmassa' sampè' kèntel. Nasè' ghuring jârèya èpamaso' ka dâlem ghulâ bân èpa enneng sampè' cellep. Ghâbây nambâi rasas, ètambâi ghulâ sè ampon èmassa' bân aèng sampè' kèntel. ''Ali begante'' èpamaso' ka ḍâlem ghulâ bân èpa enneng ghâllu sampè' cellep sabellumma èkakan. == Sombher == 3v4m1d3lb8rvj4di4wdlz0a0y11cclj 0 19676 66023 2026-09-12T13:57:18Z Mutawakkill 2856 ←Membuat halaman berisi 'Partai Buruh Kurdistan (Bhâsa Kurdi: Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan otabâ Parti کار که‌رانی کوردستان Parti Karkerani Kurdistan), jhughân èkennal mènangka PKK, otabâ KGK bân sabellunna èkennal kalaben KADEK (Persatuan Rakyat Kurdistan untuk Demokrasi bân Kebebasan) otabâ KONGRA-GEL (Persatuan Rakyat Kurdistan[9]), panèka organisasi militan sè èbhentuk è Kurdistan taon 1970-an. PKK èpimpin sareng Abdullah Öcalan kantos ètangkep è t...' 66023 wikitext text/x-wiki Partai Buruh Kurdistan (Bhâsa Kurdi: Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan otabâ Parti کار که‌رانی کوردستان Parti Karkerani Kurdistan), jhughân èkennal mènangka PKK, otabâ KGK bân sabellunna èkennal kalaben KADEK (Persatuan Rakyat Kurdistan untuk Demokrasi bân Kebebasan) otabâ KONGRA-GEL (Persatuan Rakyat Kurdistan[9]), panèka organisasi militan sè èbhentuk è Kurdistan taon 1970-an. PKK èpimpin sareng Abdullah Öcalan kantos ètangkep è taon 1999. Ideologi Kongra-Gel èbâdâ'aghi dâri Marxisme-Leninisme bân nasionalisme Kurdi. Tojjuwan PKK panèka kaangghuy maddek naghara Kurdi sè mardika bân sosialis è Kurdistan, wilayah sè adhempak dâri Turki tèmor lao', Irak bara' lao', Suriah tèmor lao' bân Iran barat lao'; è dimma populasi Kurdi èangghep mayoritas. jigl35j8kcm3t4k5nmaojwbhq0ex276 66024 66023 2026-09-12T14:01:01Z Mutawakkill 2856 66024 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox political party | name = Partai Buruh Kurdistan | native_name = Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan (PKK) | logo = [[Berkas:Flag of Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK).svg|200px]] | colorcode = #FF0000 | leader = | foundation = {{Start date|1974}} | ideology = [[Sosialisme]]<br>[[Demokrasi konfederalisme]]<ref name="ekurd.net">http://www.ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2012/12/turkey4358b.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315143043/http://ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2012/12/turkey4358b.pdf |date=2016-03-15 }} "It was the imprisoned PKK leader Abdullah Öjalan (in Turkish Ocalan) who initiated debates on democratic autonomy and democratic confederalism among Kurds, and he did so on the basis of [[Murray Bookchin]]’s word." Additional sources: http://www.freedom-for-ocalan.com/english/download/Ocalan-Democratic-Confederalism.pdf dan http://www.kurdmedia.com/article.aspx?id=10174 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131223122439/http://www.kurdmedia.com/article.aspx?id=10174 |date=2013-12-23 }} dan http://www.savaskarsitlari.org/arsiv.asp?ArsivTipID=5&ArsivAnaID=34813 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202230045/http://www.savaskarsitlari.org/arsiv.asp?ArsivTipID=5&ArsivAnaID=34813 |date=2013-12-02 }} dan http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2007/10/among-the-kurds/306448/</ref><br>[[Antizionisme]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Petti |first=Matthew |date=2023-04-27 |title=The Kurds Who Died for Palestine |url=https://newlinesmag.com/argument/the-kurds-who-died-for-palestine/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=New Lines Magazine |language=en}}</ref><br>[[Marxisme–Leninisme]]–[[Maoisme]] <small>(sebelumnya)</small> | position = [[Sayap kiri]] | headquarters = | paramilitary wing = | wing1_title = Armed Wing | wing1 = [[Satuan Pertahanan Rakyat]] (HPG) | religion = [[Sekuler|Bebas]] | international = [[Koma Civakên Kurdistan]] | website = {{Plainlist| * {{URL|www.PKKonline.net}} (PKK) * {{URL|www.hezenparastin.com/eng/}} (HPG) }} | country = {{Flatlist| * [[Turki]] * [[Kurdistan Irak]] * [[Kurdistan Iran]] }} }} {{Infobox militant organization |name= Satuan Pertahanan Rakyat<br/><small>Hêzên Parastina Gel (HPG)</small> |logo= |caption= |foundation= {{Start date|1984}}<ref> http://www.start.umd.edu/start/data_collections/tops/terrorist_organization_profile.asp?id=83</ref> |dates= 1984–saat ini |leader={{Plainlist| * [[Murat Karayılan]] ''(de facto)'' * [[Abdullah Öcalan]] ''(de jure)''<ref name=tahiri>Tahiri, Hussein. ''The Structure of Kurdish Society and the Struggle for a Kurdish State.'' Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publications 2007. pp 232 ff</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2007/11/07/siyaset/siy01.html |title=Kenan Evren: 'Kürtçeye ağır yasak koyduk ama hataydı'|agency=''[[Milliyet]]''|date=2007-11-07|accessdate=2008-07-30|first=Fikret|last=Bila|language=Turki|quote=Şimdi İmralı'dan PKK'yı yönetiyor. Cezaevinden avukatları kanalıyla.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|work=[[BBC News]]|accessdate=2007-09-01|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/535312.stm|title=Ojalan: Which way now?|date=2000-11-21}}</ref> }} |motives=Memperjuangkan hak berpolitik masyarakat [[Kurdi]] di [[Turki]].<ref>{{Cite news|work=Guardian|accessdate=2008-08-01|url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,3604,1482808,00.html|title=Radical firebrand who led bloody nationalist war|date=2005-05-13|first=Michael|last=Howard|location=London}}</ref> |area=[[Turki]], [[Irak]], [[Eropa Barat]] |ideology=<br />[[Komunisme]]<ref name="ekurd.net"/><br />[[Marxisme–Leninisme]] <small>(sebelumnya)</small> |attacks = [[Serangan PKK 1984]]<br />[[Serangan 24 Mei 1993]]<br />[[Penyerbuan Hakkâri 2011]] |status=Terdaftar sebagai Teroris Asing Kiri di [[AS]].<ref name="USTerrorList">{{cite web|url=http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/fs/2002/12535.htm|title=Foreign Terrorist Organizations List|publisher=[[Departemen Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat]]|date=2002-10-23|accessdate=2008-02-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215104313/http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/fs/2002/12535.htm|archivedate=2008-02-15|dead-url=no}} - [[Daftar Organisasi Teroris Asing dari Departemen Luar Negeri AS|Organisasi Teroris Asing Deplu AS]]</ref><ref name="USTerrorList2"/><br/>Tercatat sebagai Kelompok Separatis Kiri dari [[Departemen Dalam Negeri (Britania Raya)|Depdagri Britania Raya]].<br/>Tercatat sebagai Teroris Sayap Kiri di [[Uni Eropa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4690181.stm|accessdate=2008-06-29|title=PKK behind Turkey resort bomb|date=2008-06-29|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2005-07-17}}</ref> |size=7,000-10,000 yang aktif bekerja (klaim)<ref name=TCA>[[Koalisi Turki Amerika|TCA]] [http://www.turkishcoalitionofamerica.com/cagaptay_threat.pdf The PKK Redux: Implications of a Growing Threat] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705171645/http://www.turkishcoalitionofamerica.com/cagaptay_threat.pdf |date=2008-07-05 }}, November 15, 2007</ref> |revenue=€500 juta<ref name=revenue>{{Cite news|url=http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&link=136169|accessdate=2008-11-13|title=PKK revenues reach 500 mln euros|date=2008-03-12|agency=''[[Today's Zaman]]''|archive-date=2013-12-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230232356/http://www.todayszaman.com/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?load=detay&link=136169|dead-url=yes}}</ref> |website={{URL|www.hezenparastin.com/eng/}} }} Partai Buruh Kurdistan (Bhâsa Kurdi: Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan otabâ Parti کار که‌رانی کوردستان Parti Karkerani Kurdistan), jhughân èkennal mènangka PKK, otabâ KGK bân sabellunna èkennal kalaben KADEK (Persatuan Rakyat Kurdistan untuk Demokrasi bân Kebebasan) otabâ KONGRA-GEL (Persatuan Rakyat Kurdistan[9]), panèka organisasi militan sè èbhentuk è Kurdistan taon 1970-an. PKK èpimpin sareng Abdullah Öcalan kantos ètangkep è taon 1999. Ideologi Kongra-Gel èbâdâ'aghi dâri Marxisme-Leninisme bân nasionalisme Kurdi. Tojjuwan PKK panèka kaangghuy maddek naghara Kurdi sè mardika bân sosialis è Kurdistan, wilayah sè adhempak dâri Turki tèmor lao', Irak bara' lao', Suriah tèmor lao' bân Iran barat lao'; è dimma populasi Kurdi èangghep mayoritas. 1aqxhs6gv5ir0unir34p64qinsmws36