Wikipedia mgwiki https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fandraisana MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.21 first-letter Rakitra Manokana Dinika Mpikambana Dinika amin'ny mpikambana Wikipedia Dinika amin'ny Wikipedia Sary Dinika amin'ny sary MediaWiki Dinika amin'ny MediaWiki Endrika Dinika amin'ny endrika Fanoroana Dinika amin'ny fanoroana Sokajy Dinika amin'ny sokajy TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk Beaurevoir 0 16402 1151396 919670 2026-09-27T10:14:44Z Kontributor 2K 31390 CoA img swap 1151396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|49.9972|3.3097}} {{infobox tanàna |tanàna=Beaurevoir |firenena={{Frantsa}} |faritany=[[Hauts-de-France]] |velarantany=21.73 |isam-ponina=1528 |ben'ny tanàna=Eric Limpans }} [[sary:Blason maison fr de Mailly.svg|120px|thumb|right|Mari-piandrian'i Beaurevoir]] I '''Beaurevoir''' dia kaominina ao amin'ny fivondronan'i Saint-Quentin, ao amin'ny departemantan'i [[Aisne]], ao amin'ny faritr'i [[Hauts-de-France]], ao [[Frantsa]]. Ny INSEE dia mampiasa ny kaodim-paositra 02057. I Eric Limpans no ben'ny tanàna mandritry ny taona 2008&ndash;2014. Ilay kaominina dia kaominina mpikambana amin'ny fivondronan-kaominin'i Pays du Vermandois == Jeografia == Ny isam-ponin'i Beaurevoir dia 1528 mponina araka ny fanisana natao tamin'ny taona 2008. Ny haavon'ny toerana ambany indrindra dia 97 metatra. Ny haavon'ny toerana avo indrindra dia 152 metatra. Ny fisiana ara-daharampehintany ary ara-daharanjarahasin'ilay kaominina dia 49.9972° ary 3.3097° amin'ny soratra desimaly. Ny faritr'ora dia GMT+1. == Rohy ivelany == * : Tranonkala * [http://www.communes.com/recherche/?q=Beaurevoir Eo amin'i www.communes.com] <references/> [[Sokajy:Tanàna ao amin'ny faritr'i Aisne]] n31o1l8f8kfsy7qzpgw3xjtj1mj2cn2 São Manuel 0 69268 1151382 953601 2026-09-27T02:59:44Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|-22.731110|-48.570560}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana=São Manuel |velarantany= 650,73 |isam-ponina= 38.166 |fanjakana ={{São Paulo}} |haavo = 709 |firenena={{BRA}} |sary = Santuário de Santa Teresinha (São Manuel, São Paulo - Brasil).jpg |saina =Bandeira sao manuel.jpg }} [[sary:SaoPaulo Municip SaoManuel.svg|thumb|left| Sao Manuel]] I '''São Manuel''' dia kaominina ao [[Brazila]], ao amin'i {{São Paulo}}, ao amin'i [[Mesoregione di Bauru|Bauru]], [[Microregione di Botucatu|Botucatu]]. ==Jeografia== Ny velarantanin'ilay tanàna dia 650,73 kilometatra toradroa. Ny isam-ponina dia 38.166 (2024). == Toerana == São Manuel dia ao amin'ny fanjakan'i {{São Paulo}}: *263 km - [[São Paulo]] (Renivohitra) *177 km - [[Ourinhos]] *126 km - [[Piracicaba]] * 85 km - [[Bauru]] * 71 km - [[Avaré]] * 57 km - [[Jaú]] * 42 km - [[Lençóis Paulista]] * 29 km - [[Botucatu]] {{commonscat}} [[sokajy:Tanàna ao São Paulo]] 8mp5p1al1u1qvplrqhrqqs9r57v0f9l Salinas (Brazila) 0 73228 1151395 937892 2026-09-27T09:54:55Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 #REDIRECT [[Salinas (Minas Gerais)]] 1151395 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Salinas (Minas Gerais)]] {{infobox tanàna |anarana =Salinas (Brazila) |velarantany = 1.891,33 |isam-ponina = 37.370 |firenena ={{BRA}} |ben'ny tanàna = [[]] |sary =}} I '''Salinas (Brazila)''' dia kaominina ao [[Brazila]], ao amin'i [[sary:Bandeira de Minas Gerais.svg|20px]] [[Minas Gerais]], ao amin'i [[Norte de Minas]], [[Zana-paritan'i Salinas|Salinas]]. ==Jeografia== {{...}} Ny velarantanin'ilay tanàna dia 1.891,33 kilometatra toradroa. Ny isam-ponina dia 37.370 tamin'ny taona ; manome ny hakitroka 20 0. Ny laharam-pehintaniny dia 16 ° 10 ' 12 S ary ny laharan-jarahasiny dia 16 ° 10 ' 12 W . 1ahoneztlbgcvoo6196dj9hwpq1dwtm Teófilo Otoni 0 73619 1151388 953560 2026-09-27T09:33:27Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|-17.857500|-41.505280}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana =Teófilo Otoni |velarantany = 3.242,818 |haavo =334 |isam-ponina = 137.418 |firenena ={{BRA}} |fanjakana = {Minas Gerais}} |ben'ny tanàna = Fábio Marinho dos Santos |sary =Cidade de Teofilo Otoni.jpg |saina =Bandeira de Teófilo Otoni, MG.gif }} [[sary:MinasGerais Municip TeofiloOtoni.svg|thumb|left|Teofilo Otoni]] I '''Teófilo Otoni''' dia kaominina ao [[Brazila]], ao amin'i [[sary:Bandeira de Minas Gerais.svg|20px]] [[Minas Gerais]], ao amin'i [[Vale do Mucuri]], [[Zana-paritan'i Teófilo Otoni|Teófilo Otoni]]. ==Jeografia== Ny velarantanin'ilay tanàna dia 3.242,818 kilometatra toradroa. Ny isam-ponina dia 137.418 tamin'ny taona 2022. {{commonscat}} [[sokajy:Tanàna ao Minas Gerais]] kc4c1xwmeieuoqm0bwi8kda5bp7yxyw 1151389 1151388 2026-09-27T09:33:55Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|-17.857500|-41.505280}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana =Teófilo Otoni |velarantany = 3.242,818 |haavo =334 |isam-ponina = 137.418 |firenena ={{BRA}} |fanjakana = {{Minas Gerais}} |ben'ny tanàna = Fábio Marinho dos Santos |sary =Cidade de Teofilo Otoni.jpg |saina =Bandeira de Teófilo Otoni, MG.gif }} [[sary:MinasGerais Municip TeofiloOtoni.svg|thumb|left|Teofilo Otoni]] I '''Teófilo Otoni''' dia kaominina ao [[Brazila]], ao amin'i [[sary:Bandeira de Minas Gerais.svg|20px]] [[Minas Gerais]], ao amin'i [[Vale do Mucuri]], [[Zana-paritan'i Teófilo Otoni|Teófilo Otoni]]. ==Jeografia== Ny velarantanin'ilay tanàna dia 3.242,818 kilometatra toradroa. Ny isam-ponina dia 137.418 tamin'ny taona 2022. {{commonscat}} [[sokajy:Tanàna ao Minas Gerais]] fq2zfbx0haiu7lmtrl5r97bbxtrb0y8 Salinas 0 257334 1151393 955983 2026-09-27T09:53:30Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 Pejy fihodinana mankany [[Salinas (Minas Gerais)]] 1151393 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Salinas (Minas Gerais)]] {{coord|-16.170280|-42.290280}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana = Salinas |velarantany = |fanjakana = [[Minas Gerais]] |isam-ponina = 40.178 |firenena = {{Brazila}} |ben'ny tanàna = |sary =Praça em Salinas - panoramio.jpg |saina = }} '''Salinas''' dia tanàna ao amin'ny fanjakana mizaka tenan'i [[Minas Gerais]] ao amin'ny [[Brazila]]. == Jeografia == Ny isam-ponina dia 40.178 mponina tamin'ny taona 2022. == Jereo koa == * [[Brazila]] ** [[Minas Gerais]] == Tsiahy == <references/> pc1wz07837d6bddo4pa6xd0dz2xb0ge Rio Piracicaba 0 257343 1151391 955992 2026-09-27T09:45:49Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|-19.929170|-43.174170}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana = Rio Piracicaba |velarantany =373,03 |haavo = 690 |fanjakana = [[Minas Gerais]] |isam-ponina = 14.631 |firenena = {{Brazila}} |ben'ny tanàna = |sary =Vista parcial de Rio Piracicaba MG.JPG |saina =Brasao rio piracicaba.jpg }} [[File:MinasGerais Municip RioPiracicaba.svg|thumb|left|Rio Piracicaba]] '''Rio Piracicaba''' dia tanàna ao amin'ny fanjakana mizaka tenan'i [[Minas Gerais]] ao amin'ny [[Brazila]]. == Jeografia == Ny isam-ponina dia 14.631 mponina tamin'ny taona 2022. == Jereo koa == * [[Brazila]] ** [[Minas Gerais]] == Tsiahy == <references/> {{commonscat|Rio Piracicaba (Minas Gerais)}} [[en:Rio Piracicaba]] [[pt:Rio Piracicaba (município)]] [[sokajy:Tanàna ao Minas Gerais]] 26kl5pa7pvg1vi1vgpxzm4z4req66l6 Centralina 0 257585 1151390 1134688 2026-09-27T09:37:59Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|-18.583890|-49.199440}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana = Centralina |velarantany =321,98 |isam-ponina = 10.343 |firenena = {{Brazila}} |fanjakana = {{Minas Gerais}} |ben'ny tanàna = |sary =Rua em Centralina vista da BR-153.jpg |haavo =531 |saina =Centralinamgbandeira.jpg }} [[sary:MinasGerais Municip Centralina.svg|thumb|left|Centralina]] '''Centralina''' dia tanàna ao amin'ny fanjakana mizaka tenan'i [[Minas Gerais]] ao amin'ny [[Brazila]]. == Jeografia == Ny isam-ponina dia 10.343 mponina tamin'ny taona 2022 == Jereo koa == * [[Brazila]] ** [[Minas Gerais]] == Tsiahy == <references/> {{commonscat}} [[sokajy:Tanàna ao Minas Gerais]] 58qyxy8fmwrhpjks38zq6i09t1jxmwz Boa Vista 0 257680 1151385 1092277 2026-09-27T03:52:13Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|2.819720|-60.673330}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana = Boa Vista |velarantany = 5687 |faritany = [[Roraima]] |isam-ponina = 436.591 |firenena = {{Brazila}} |ben'ny tanàna = |sary =Catedral Cristo Redentor-RR.jpg |saina= Bandeira de Boa Vista.svg }} [[File:Brazil Roraima Boa Vista location map.svg|thumb|left| Boa Vista]] '''Boa Vista''' dia renivohitry ny fanjakana {{Brazila}} ao [[Roraima]]. Ny isam-ponina dia 284.313 tamin'ny fanisam-bahoaka tamin'ny 2010 tamin'ny 1 Jolay 2021, ny isam-ponina dia 436.591 mponina ny mponina noho ny fifindra-monina mitohy avy any [[Venezoela]], monina ao amin'ny tanàna lehibe iray manodidina ny 5.687 km²; Eo amin'ny morony havanana amin'ny [[Rio Branco (renirano)]] any atsimon'ny faritra be tendrombohitr'i [[Goiana]] no misy azy eo amin'ny lalambe [[BR-174]]. Ny BR-174 avy any [[Manaus]] mankany [[Ciudad Guayana]] any [[Venezoela]] == Jereo koa == * [[Brazila]] ** [[Roraima]] == Tsiahy == <references/> [[pt:Boa Vista (Roraima)]] [[sokajy:Tanàna ao Roraima]] mmbflk8zjsutp0d5g1xdjdd2vo2y579 Mpilalao baolina kitra 0 262145 1151378 1108056 2026-09-26T14:19:57Z 20-13Samót 41158 /* Mpilalao baolina kitra malaza */ 1151378 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Football Player- Ashleigh Hopkins (Swansea City AFC - Plymouth Argyle FC) The FA UEFA 'A' Licence Coach 2013-04-19 20-52.jpg|vignette]] Ny '''[[mpilalao baolina kitra]]''' dia mpanatanja-tena milalao baolina dakana atao hoe [[baolina kitra]]. ==Mpilalao baolina kitra malaza== Ireo mpilalao baolina kitra malaza dia ahitana: [[Diego Maradona]], [[Zico]], [[Pelé]], [[Franz Beckenbauer]], [[Karl-Heinz Rummenigge]], [[Zlatan Ibrahimović]], [[Zinedine Zidane|Zinedine]] Zidane.Raha ireo no fatadaza teo aloha, fa raha ny amin'izao kosa dia i: Cristiano Ronaldo, Neymar , Lionel Messi, Mbappe.Anisana malaza ihany koa i Lamine Yamal amin'ny zao vanim-potoana izao . [[Sokajy:Mpilalao baolina kitra]] qvglx5ni4kxorpnrx9sj7xdeve2ai4v Ihorombe 0 278571 1151387 995810 2026-09-27T09:33:22Z Thelezifor 15140 Tsipelina 1151387 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny anarana hoe '''Ihorombe''' dia mety manondro: * ny [[Faritra Ihorombe]] ao amin' ny [[Faritanin' i Fianarantsoa]] eto [[Madagasikara]]; * ny kaomininan' [[Ihorombe (kaominina)|Ihorombe]] any amin' ny [[Distrikan' i Farafangana]] ao amin' ny Faritanin' i Fianarantsoa. 07xs830al3iuxmovsvworq2vkm85liy Allium cepa 0 278769 1151356 1151324 2026-09-26T12:43:39Z Thelezifor 15140 Nandamina lahatsoratra 1151356 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:ARS red onion.jpg|vignette|517x517px|Tongolobe]] Ny '''''Allium cepa''''' dia karazana zavamaniry mamony, maharitra roa taona na mandavan-taona, ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (fanasokajiana APG III tamin' ny taona 2009) na ''[[Liliaceae]]'' (fanasokajiana taloha). ''Allium cepa'' L. ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''mangafaka''', '''tongolo''', '''tongolobe''', '''tongolombazaha''', '''tongolonakanga''', '''tongolovazaha''' ary '''zoainiao'''. Efa hatry ny ela izy io no nambolena be dia be hatao [[anana]] noho ny vodiny manana tsiro sy fofona mahery na noho ny raviny. Io no legioma tena be mpampiasa indrindra amin' ny sokajy ''[[Allium]]''. Fitambaran' ny foto-dravina matevina mifanarona ny vody tongolo. Ny ''Allium'' ''cepa'' dia fantatra noho ny fambolena azy. Tsy fantatra ny endriky ny razambeny tany am-boalohany, na dia efa nisy aza ny faniriany ivelan' ny fambolena any amin' ny faritra sasany. Na maniry roa taona na mandavan-taona aza ny tongolobe matetika, dia matetika no raisina ho maniry isan-taona ary jinjaina amin' ny vanim-potoanan' ny fambolena voalohany. == Famariparitana == === Ankapobeny === [[Sary:Field with onions.jpg|vignette|226x226px|Tanin-tongolo]] Ny tongolobe dia ahitra, maniry mihoatra ny roa taona noho ny fananany an' ilay vodiny tokana, nefa ambolena isan-taona na isaky ny roa taona (mamony izy amin' ny faha roa taonany). Mahatratra 60 hatramin' ny 100 sm ny haavony. === Raviny === Maitso ny ravin' ny tongolobe sady miendrika [[varingarina]] ary poakaty (izay manavaka an' io karazana io amin' ny [[tongoloherana]] sy ny [[tongologasy]], karazana hafa ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''Allium'' ihany koa). === Voniny === [[Sary:Allium cepa.jpg|vignette|Vonin-tongolobe]] [[Sary:Onion Flower Bangladesh.jpg|ankavia|vignette|184x184px|Vonin-tongolo]] Kely ny [[Voninkazo|vonin]]' ny tongolobe (4 ka hatramin' ny 5 mm ny sakany) sady fotsy na maitso, ary mivondrona anaty [[ombela]] boribory eo amin' ny tendron' ny taho. Misy voniny 600 eo ho eo isaky ny ombela. Maneho fifanandrifiana telolafy ny vony: misy [[ravimbony]] telo sy [[felambony]] telo ary [[lahimbony]] enina. Mizara ho efitra telo ny [[fihary atodinaina]] tokana. Amin' ny ovan-karazany sasany, dia vodikely no mipoitra indraindray fa tsy vony. Poakaty ny tahom-bony mahitsy, na dia matevina kokoa aza raha mitaha amin' ny raviny; mihamivohitra izy io raha manakaiky ny fotony. === Voany === [[Sary:Onion seed.jpg|vignette|Vihim-boan' ny tongolobe|261x261px]] Kapsily izay misokatra amin' ny valva telo ny voan' ny tongolobe, ary amin' ny ankapobeny dia mamoaka vihim-boa roa avy. Mainty sy misy zorony ny vihim-boa. Misy vihim-boa 250 eo ho eo isaky ny grama. Fohy ny faharetan' ny fahafahana mitsimoka tsara: roa hatramin' ny telo taona. === Vodiny === [[Sary:Mixed_onions.jpg|vignette|Tongolobe|244x244px|ankavia]]Somary lehibe ny vody tongolo izay miendrika atody, boribory na fisaka, manana fonony ivelany toa elabakaka ary miloko fotsy na mavo na mavokely na mena na volomparasy. == Fampiasana == === Fitsaboana sy fahasalamana === ==== Fitsaboana aretina isan-karazany ==== Izao ny vokatry ny fanadihadiana etnôbôtanika nataon' i Françoise sy i Grégoire Nicollier tany Bagnes ([[Frantsa]]) ary navoaka tamin' ny taona 1984: ny ranon' ny tongolobe dia nampiasaina amin' ny [[hoditra]] mba hitsaboana ny fanindronan' ny [[Tantely (bibikely)|tantely]], raha afangaro amin' ny [[siramamy]] izy dia atao fanafody hanamaivana ny [[kohaka]], ary raha afangaro amin' ny [[menaka]] mahamay dia manasitrana ny [[aretin-tsofina]]. ==== Mitsabo ny tsy fahampian' ny vitaminina sasany ==== Satria mora kokoa ny mitahiry ny tongolobe raha mitaha amin' ny voankazo maro be [[vitaminina C]], dia nampiasain' ny tantsambo hiadiana amin' ny aretin' ny tsy fahampian' ny vitaminina C. Ny [[vitaminina]] hafa hita ao amin' ny tongolobe dia ny [[vitaminina B1]], [[Vitaminina B2|B2]], [[Vitaminina B3|B3]] (na [[Vitaminina PP|PP]]), [[Vitaminina B5|B5]], [[Vitaminina A|A]], ary [[Vitaminina E|E]]. ==== Anamaivanana ny diabeta ==== Ny fihinanana tongolobe dia mampidina ny tahan' ny [[kôlesterôla]] sy [[siramamy]] (mampihena ny tahan' ny [[glisemia]]). Ny singa miasa tompon' andraikitra amin' izany dia heverina fa ny disolfioran' ny alila prôpila sy ny difenilamina. ==== Iadiana amin' ny bakteria sy ny holatra ==== Mety azo ampiasaina ho [[Antibiotika|antibiôtika]] sy hamonoana [[holatra]] bitika izy noho ny singa mora mietona amin' ny ranon' ny vody tongolo. === Fanapoizinana === ==== Fanapoizinana mahazo ny olombelona ==== Raha hanina be dia be ny tongolobe dia mety hanorisory ny hodimando ao amin' ny vavony noho ny fisian' ny singa misy solifara ao aminy. Ny olona mora tohina aminy dia mety hahatsapa fahamaizan' ny vavony na tsy fatomombanan' ny fandevonan-kanina, indrindra fa ho an' ireo izay manana [[ileôstômia]] sy ny ankizy tratran' ny [[trizômia 21]]. ==== Fanapoizinana mahazo ny biby fiompy ==== Ankoatra izany, ny tongolobe sy ny faikany dia ampiasaina amin' ny sakafom-biby. Any amin' ny faritra mpamokatra tongolobe (ohatra, [[California]]), ny vodi-tongolo tsy ilaina sy ny fakany nariana, toy ny hodiny, na ny vodiny tsy niy nividy aza, dia mahatratra hatramin' ny 20&nbsp;% amin' ny habetsahan' ny vokatra ary avy eo omena ho an' ny biby fiompy. Na izany aza, ny fihinanana tongolobe efa bobongolo, na tongolobe mitsimoka, na betsaka loatra na dia salama tsara aza, dia mety hiteraka fanapoizinana amin' ny alalan' ny fahasimban' ny [[liomena]], izay indraindray mahafaty ny biby fiompy: ny [[omby]] sy ny [[soavaly]], amin' ny ampahany kely ny [[ondry]] sy ny [[osy]], ary ny [[gisa]] sy ny [[alika]] ary ny [[saka]] rehefa mahazo sakafo misy tongolobe tafahoatra. Ny tatitra voalohany momba an' io antom-pahafatesana io dia efa tamin' ny taona 1909. Anisan' ny soritr' aretina eo amin' ny biby ny famindra miadana sy miraingiraingy, ny tsy fahazotoan-komana, ny fihenan' ny famerenana mitsako, ary ny fiovan' ny ra ho somary vony amin' ny hodimaso anatiny. Ny biby voapoizina ka mamo dia mampiseho anemia hemôlitika miaraka amin' ny fihenan' ny hematôkrita, ny famaniana ra (hemôglôbinoria), ary ny fiforonan' ny vatana Heinz ao amin' ny liomena. Ny singa tompon' andraikitra amin' izany dia mety ho ny [[disolfioran' alila sy prôpila]] izay mety miforona avy amin' ny [[solfôksida S-alkilsisteinina]] ​​​​izay hita ao amin' ny vody tongolo vaovao. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativa'') * [[Allium schoenoprasum|Tongoloravina]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Tongoloherana]] (''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') * [[Tongolo]]: ''Allium cepa'' <small>L.</small>; ''[[Allium porrum]]'' <small>L.</small> (''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' na ''[[Liliaceae]]''); sns * [[Tongolonakanga]]: ''Allium cepa'' <small>L.</small> (''Amaryllidaceae''); ''[[Alloteropsis semialata]]'' <small>(R. Br.) Hitchc.</small> (← ''Panicum semialata'' <small>R. Br.</small>) (''[[Poaceae]]'') * [[Dipoavatra (maniry)|Dipoavatra]] - [[Sakamalao]] - [[Sakay (zavamaniry)|Sakay]] - [[Sakaibe]] - [[Tamotamo]] - [[Voatabia]] - [[Anana]] - [[Legioma]] [[Sokajy:Zavamaniry]] 9v75czbqvqmf9xl9x42xxun8q4q79xd 1151360 1151356 2026-09-26T12:49:55Z Thelezifor 15140 /* Jereo koa */ 1151360 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:ARS red onion.jpg|vignette|517x517px|Tongolobe]] Ny '''''Allium cepa''''' dia karazana zavamaniry mamony, maharitra roa taona na mandavan-taona, ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (fanasokajiana APG III tamin' ny taona 2009) na ''[[Liliaceae]]'' (fanasokajiana taloha). ''Allium cepa'' L. ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''mangafaka''', '''tongolo''', '''tongolobe''', '''tongolombazaha''', '''tongolonakanga''', '''tongolovazaha''' ary '''zoainiao'''. Efa hatry ny ela izy io no nambolena be dia be hatao [[anana]] noho ny vodiny manana tsiro sy fofona mahery na noho ny raviny. Io no legioma tena be mpampiasa indrindra amin' ny sokajy ''[[Allium]]''. Fitambaran' ny foto-dravina matevina mifanarona ny vody tongolo. Ny ''Allium'' ''cepa'' dia fantatra noho ny fambolena azy. Tsy fantatra ny endriky ny razambeny tany am-boalohany, na dia efa nisy aza ny faniriany ivelan' ny fambolena any amin' ny faritra sasany. Na maniry roa taona na mandavan-taona aza ny tongolobe matetika, dia matetika no raisina ho maniry isan-taona ary jinjaina amin' ny vanim-potoanan' ny fambolena voalohany. == Famariparitana == === Ankapobeny === [[Sary:Field with onions.jpg|vignette|226x226px|Tanin-tongolo]] Ny tongolobe dia ahitra, maniry mihoatra ny roa taona noho ny fananany an' ilay vodiny tokana, nefa ambolena isan-taona na isaky ny roa taona (mamony izy amin' ny faha roa taonany). Mahatratra 60 hatramin' ny 100 sm ny haavony. === Raviny === Maitso ny ravin' ny tongolobe sady miendrika [[varingarina]] ary poakaty (izay manavaka an' io karazana io amin' ny [[tongoloherana]] sy ny [[tongologasy]], karazana hafa ao amin' ny vondron-karazana ''Allium'' ihany koa). === Voniny === [[Sary:Allium cepa.jpg|vignette|Vonin-tongolobe]] [[Sary:Onion Flower Bangladesh.jpg|ankavia|vignette|184x184px|Vonin-tongolo]] Kely ny [[Voninkazo|vonin]]' ny tongolobe (4 ka hatramin' ny 5 mm ny sakany) sady fotsy na maitso, ary mivondrona anaty [[ombela]] boribory eo amin' ny tendron' ny taho. Misy voniny 600 eo ho eo isaky ny ombela. Maneho fifanandrifiana telolafy ny vony: misy [[ravimbony]] telo sy [[felambony]] telo ary [[lahimbony]] enina. Mizara ho efitra telo ny [[fihary atodinaina]] tokana. Amin' ny ovan-karazany sasany, dia vodikely no mipoitra indraindray fa tsy vony. Poakaty ny tahom-bony mahitsy, na dia matevina kokoa aza raha mitaha amin' ny raviny; mihamivohitra izy io raha manakaiky ny fotony. === Voany === [[Sary:Onion seed.jpg|vignette|Vihim-boan' ny tongolobe|261x261px]] Kapsily izay misokatra amin' ny valva telo ny voan' ny tongolobe, ary amin' ny ankapobeny dia mamoaka vihim-boa roa avy. Mainty sy misy zorony ny vihim-boa. Misy vihim-boa 250 eo ho eo isaky ny grama. Fohy ny faharetan' ny fahafahana mitsimoka tsara: roa hatramin' ny telo taona. === Vodiny === [[Sary:Mixed_onions.jpg|vignette|Tongolobe|244x244px|ankavia]]Somary lehibe ny vody tongolo izay miendrika atody, boribory na fisaka, manana fonony ivelany toa elabakaka ary miloko fotsy na mavo na mavokely na mena na volomparasy. == Fampiasana == === Fitsaboana sy fahasalamana === ==== Fitsaboana aretina isan-karazany ==== Izao ny vokatry ny fanadihadiana etnôbôtanika nataon' i Françoise sy i Grégoire Nicollier tany Bagnes ([[Frantsa]]) ary navoaka tamin' ny taona 1984: ny ranon' ny tongolobe dia nampiasaina amin' ny [[hoditra]] mba hitsaboana ny fanindronan' ny [[Tantely (bibikely)|tantely]], raha afangaro amin' ny [[siramamy]] izy dia atao fanafody hanamaivana ny [[kohaka]], ary raha afangaro amin' ny [[menaka]] mahamay dia manasitrana ny [[aretin-tsofina]]. ==== Mitsabo ny tsy fahampian' ny vitaminina sasany ==== Satria mora kokoa ny mitahiry ny tongolobe raha mitaha amin' ny voankazo maro be [[vitaminina C]], dia nampiasain' ny tantsambo hiadiana amin' ny aretin' ny tsy fahampian' ny vitaminina C. Ny [[vitaminina]] hafa hita ao amin' ny tongolobe dia ny [[vitaminina B1]], [[Vitaminina B2|B2]], [[Vitaminina B3|B3]] (na [[Vitaminina PP|PP]]), [[Vitaminina B5|B5]], [[Vitaminina A|A]], ary [[Vitaminina E|E]]. ==== Anamaivanana ny diabeta ==== Ny fihinanana tongolobe dia mampidina ny tahan' ny [[kôlesterôla]] sy [[siramamy]] (mampihena ny tahan' ny [[glisemia]]). Ny singa miasa tompon' andraikitra amin' izany dia heverina fa ny disolfioran' ny alila prôpila sy ny difenilamina. ==== Iadiana amin' ny bakteria sy ny holatra ==== Mety azo ampiasaina ho [[Antibiotika|antibiôtika]] sy hamonoana [[holatra]] bitika izy noho ny singa mora mietona amin' ny ranon' ny vody tongolo. === Fanapoizinana === ==== Fanapoizinana mahazo ny olombelona ==== Raha hanina be dia be ny tongolobe dia mety hanorisory ny hodimando ao amin' ny vavony noho ny fisian' ny singa misy solifara ao aminy. Ny olona mora tohina aminy dia mety hahatsapa fahamaizan' ny vavony na tsy fatomombanan' ny fandevonan-kanina, indrindra fa ho an' ireo izay manana [[ileôstômia]] sy ny ankizy tratran' ny [[trizômia 21]]. ==== Fanapoizinana mahazo ny biby fiompy ==== Ankoatra izany, ny tongolobe sy ny faikany dia ampiasaina amin' ny sakafom-biby. Any amin' ny faritra mpamokatra tongolobe (ohatra, [[California]]), ny vodi-tongolo tsy ilaina sy ny fakany nariana, toy ny hodiny, na ny vodiny tsy niy nividy aza, dia mahatratra hatramin' ny 20&nbsp;% amin' ny habetsahan' ny vokatra ary avy eo omena ho an' ny biby fiompy. Na izany aza, ny fihinanana tongolobe efa bobongolo, na tongolobe mitsimoka, na betsaka loatra na dia salama tsara aza, dia mety hiteraka fanapoizinana amin' ny alalan' ny fahasimban' ny [[liomena]], izay indraindray mahafaty ny biby fiompy: ny [[omby]] sy ny [[soavaly]], amin' ny ampahany kely ny [[ondry]] sy ny [[osy]], ary ny [[gisa]] sy ny [[alika]] ary ny [[saka]] rehefa mahazo sakafo misy tongolobe tafahoatra. Ny tatitra voalohany momba an' io antom-pahafatesana io dia efa tamin' ny taona 1909. Anisan' ny soritr' aretina eo amin' ny biby ny famindra miadana sy miraingiraingy, ny tsy fahazotoan-komana, ny fihenan' ny famerenana mitsako, ary ny fiovan' ny ra ho somary vony amin' ny hodimaso anatiny. Ny biby voapoizina ka mamo dia mampiseho anemia hemôlitika miaraka amin' ny fihenan' ny hematôkrita, ny famaniana ra (hemôglôbinoria), ary ny fiforonan' ny vatana Heinz ao amin' ny liomena. Ny singa tompon' andraikitra amin' izany dia mety ho ny [[disolfioran' alila sy prôpila]] izay mety miforona avy amin' ny [[solfôksida S-alkilsisteinina]] ​​​​izay hita ao amin' ny vody tongolo vaovao. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativum'') * [[Allium schoenoprasum|Tongoloravina]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Tongoloherana]] (''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') * [[Tongolo]]: ''Allium cepa'' <small>L.</small>; ''[[Allium porrum]]'' <small>L.</small> (''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' na ''[[Liliaceae]]''); sns * [[Tongolonakanga]]: ''Allium cepa'' <small>L.</small> (''Amaryllidaceae''); ''[[Alloteropsis semialata]]'' <small>(R. Br.) Hitchc.</small> (← ''Panicum semialata'' <small>R. Br.</small>) (''[[Poaceae]]'') * [[Dipoavatra (maniry)|Dipoavatra]] - [[Sakamalao]] - [[Sakay (zavamaniry)|Sakay]] - [[Sakaibe]] - [[Tamotamo]] - [[Voatabia]] - [[Anana]] - [[Legioma]] [[Sokajy:Zavamaniry]] a55mgyqe1k8j70pnpwyaefdskhkdz3b Allium sativum 0 278770 1151354 1151342 2026-09-26T12:42:49Z Thelezifor 15140 Nandamina lahatsoratra 1151354 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Allium sativum garden.jpg|vignette|458x458px|Zaridaina misy tongologasy]] Ny '''''Allium sativum''''' dia karazan-javamaniry mamony ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' na ''[[Liliaceae]]'' teo aloha. Ahitra maniry isan-taona izy io. Ny vodiny, izay manana fofona sy tsiro mahery, dia matetika ampiasaina amin' ny fandrahoan-tsakafo. Azo hanina koa ny vonin' ny tongolo gasy. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''tongologasy''' na '''tongololay''' na '''tongolonkova'''. ''Allium sativum'' <small>L.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Avy any [[Azia Afovoany]] ity karazana tongolo ity, ary heverina fa mety nampiasaina hatramin' ny 5&nbsp;000 taona tany amin' ny faritra [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|Mediteranea]], indrindra tany [[Ejipta]]. Ankehitriny dia mbola be mpampiasa any amin' ny faritra maro izy io noho ny tsirony sy ny fampiasana azy amin' ny fitsaboana. == Famariparitana == === Ankapobeny === Zavamaniry ahitra ny tongologasy, maniry mihoatra ny roa taona. Mirefy 50 hatramin' ny 120 sm ny haavony. === Ravina === Manarona ny fototry ny taho ny ravin' ny tongologasy. Fisaka sy mahitsy ny lelan-draviny, ary mirefy manodidina ny 1,25 hatramin' ny 2,5 sm ny sakany, sady manana tendro maranitra. === Vony === [[Sary:Wild garlic, Ponds Wood - geograph.org.uk - 3468399.jpg|vignette|Tongologasy maniry hoazy|206x206px]] [[Sary:Garlic flower head.jpg|ankavia|vignette|211x211px|Vonin' ny tongologasy]] Mamelana amin' ny [[fahavaratra]] ny tongologasy. Sady lahy no vavy ny voniny. Mamokatra voniny mavokely na volomparasy ny tongologasy manomboka amin' ny volana Jolay ka hatramin' ny Septambra any amin' ny [[Ila bolantany avaratra|Ila Bolantany Avaratra]]. Mitsangana sy avo ary mety mahatratra 1 m ny tahom-boniny. Tsy fahita firy amin' ny ovan-karazana maro ny vondrom-bony izay tsy miseho indraindray raha misy zavatra manelingelina ny fahasalaman' ilay zavamaniry. Voafono anaty spaty tokana izay malaky mihintsana izy io. Mivondrona ka mamorona ombely ny vony vitsy miloko fotsy na mavokely. Ny [[Lolo (bibikely)|lolo]] sy ny [[Insecta|bibikely]] hafa no miantoka ny famindrana [[vovobony]]. === Voa === [[Sary:Allium sativum 003.JPG|vignette|206x206px|Zanaka tongologasy mivoaka avy amin' ny voniny]] Kapsily misy efitra telo ny voan' ny tongologasy, saingy tsy dia fahita firy izy io ary ny tampom-bony dia matetika miteraka zanany kely afa-tsy ireo ovan-karazana avy any [[Azia Afovoany]] sy any [[Kaokazy]] izay akaiky ny karazana maniry hoazy. === Vody === [[Sary:Garlic bulbs and cloves.jpg|vignette|Tongolo gasy sy hasiny|206x206px]]Manana fofona mahery ary matetika misy hasiny 10 ka hatramin' ny 20 ny vodin' ny tongologasy. Ny hasiny manakaiky ny afovoany dia mifanandrify mirindra, ary ireo manodidina ny ivo dia mety ho tsy misy firindrana. Ny hasiny tsirairay dia voahodidin' ny ravina anatiny iray izay voahodidin' ny soson-dravina ivelany. === Fampitomboana taranaka === Ny fampitomboana taranaka dia amin' ny alalan' ny ampahan-javamaniry (fa tsy amin' ny alalan' ny voany) no mahazatra, indrindra amin' ny alalan' ny vodiny eo am-pototry ny taho. Ireo vodiny ireo dia ahitana hasiny telo ka hatramin' ny roapolo. == Fampiasana == === Amin' ny sakafo === [[Sary:Garlic_whole.jpg|thumb|Tongologasy|205x205px]] Ampiasaina betsaka amin' ny nahandro any amin' ny firenena sy faritra maro eto amin' izao tontolo izao ny tongologasy na tongololay. === Fandroahana sy famonoana biby === [[Sary:Delia radicum 01.JPG|vignette|''Delia radicum''|204x204px]] ==== Famonoana kankana ==== Ny vokatra pôlisolfiora (na pôlisolfida) azo avy amin' ny tongololay izay manaja ny tontolo iainana, dia ankatoavin' ny [[Vondrona Eorôpeana]] sy ny [[Fanjakana Mitambatra]] hampiasaina ho famonoana bibikely (''[[Insecta]]''), anisan' izany ny ady atao amin' ny lalitry ny laisoa (''Delia radicum'') mpanimba ny fambolena toy ny [[Laisoa (vondrona)|laisoa]], ny [[radisa]] (''Raphanus sativus''), ny [[nave]] (''Brassica rapa'' subsp. ''rapa''), ary ny [[kôlzà]] (''Brassica napus'' subsp. ''napus''). Amonoana ny haomena (''Dermanyssus gallinae'') amin' ny [[akoho amam-borona]] koa izy io. Noho ny singa [[solifara]] ao amin' ny [[ra]], ny tongololay nohanina dia misy milaza fa mandroaka [[moka]], na dia tsy misy ny porofo ara-tsiansa momba ny fahombiazany. ==== Famonoana kankana an-tsinay ==== [[Sary:Ascaris lumbricoides.jpeg|vignette|''Ascaris lumbricoides''|205x205px]] Ny vokatra pôlisolfiora (na pôlisolfida) azo avy amin' ny tongololay izay manaja ny tontolo iainana, dia ankatoavin' ny [[Vondrona Eorôpeana]] sy ny [[Fanjakana Mitambatra]] hampiasaina ho famonoana kankana (''[[Nematoda]]'') sy bibikely (''[[Insecta]]''). === Amin' ny fitsaboana sy ny fahasalamana === ==== Ankapobeny ==== Mitana anjara toerana lehibe ny fampiasana ny tongologasy eo amin' ny fitsaboana sy ny fahasalamana: mihinana azy io ny 4&nbsp;% amin' ny mponina [[Etazonia|amerikana]] sy ny 10&nbsp;% amin' ny mponina [[Aostralia|aostraliana]] noho ny antony ara-pitsaboana. Manana izao fiasa izao ny tongologasy: mampihena ny [[lipida]] (trigliserida sy [[Kôlesterola|kôlesterôla]]) ao amin' ny [[ra]]; misakana ny fivaingan' ny ra; mampihena ny [[Tosi-drà|tosi-dra]] sy misoroka ny fahasarotana toy ny [[aretim-po]] sy ny fahatapahan' ny [[lalan-dra]] any amin' ny [[atidoha]]; mitroka ny [[metaly mavesatra]] sy ny poizina; antiôksida; manaitra ny [[hery fiarovana]]; miady amin' ny [[homamiadana]] sasany. ==== Misy vitaminina ==== Misy [[vitaminina A]], [[vitaminina B1]], [[vitaminina B2]], [[vitaminina B6]], [[vitaminina K]], [[vitaminina E]], ary [[vitaminina C]], misy [[antibiôtika]] voajanahary isan-karazany ny tongololay ka anisan' izany ny ajôena (ity farany ity dia tsy marin-toerana, sady hita amin' ny fatra ambany loatra ao amin' ny vatana aorian' ny fihinanana tongololay ka tsy dia misy fahombiazany firy). ==== Misakana ny fihanaky ny bakteria sy ny viriosy ==== Misy [[inolinina]], izay manentana ny fitomboan' ny [[bakteria]] mahasoa an-tsinay). Ahitana [[alisinina]] koa izy io, singa misy [[solifara]] mamono bakteria sy misakana fihanak' aretina amin' ny vatana ary miady amin' ny [[Virosy|viriosy]]. ==== Itsaboana ny sery ==== Mazàna no ampiasaina amin' ny fitsaboana ny [[sery]] ny tongologasy na ny singa avy amin' ny tongologasy. Tamin' ny fanadihadiana natao, amin' ny olona nihinana tongololay isan' andro nandritra ny telo volana dia latsaka 2,7 heny ny tsy hahavoan' ny sery azy ireo, ary raha narary izy ireo dia naharitra latsaka iray andro faharetan' ny sery tao aminy. Na izany aza, ny mpanoratra dia nanao teny famaranana izay milaza fa tsy ampy ny fikarohana momba ny fiantraikan' ny tongololay amin' ny sery. ==== Fiasany ao amin' ny ra sy ny lalandra ary ny tosidra ==== Misy koa ny milaza fa mampihena [[kôlesterôla]] ny fihinanana tongologasy (tsy voamarina io toetrany farany ity). Mety ho antonony ny fahombiazany amin' ny fampihenana ny mety ho fiakaran' ny [[Tosi-drà|tosi-dra]]. Ny tongololay dia misy singa misakana ny fivaingan' ny ra, izay mety hampitombo ny fandehanan-dra be loatra raha ampiarahina amin' ny fanafody hafa misakana ny fivaingan' ny ra. ==== Mampihena ny mety hahavoan' ny homamiadana ==== Araka ny fanadihadiana dimy natao, ny fehin-kevitra araka [[antontanisa]] iraisam-pirenena dia manombana fa misy porofo ampy milaza fa ny fihinanana hasina tongologasy iray (3 g) tsy tapaka isan' andro dia mampihena antsasany ny mety ho hahavoazan' ny homamiadana mahazo ny [[vavony]] sy ny [[tsinaibe]] ary ny [[tsinaimbody]]. Ny [[anzima]] aliinazy, izay mitareka izany dia miseho 15 minitra aorian' ny fanorotoroana tongologasy manta alohan' ny hihinana azy. Na izany aza, ny homamiadana mahazo ny [[atidoha]], ny [[tenda]], ny [[havokavoka]], ny [[nono]] ary ny [[prôstaty]] dia tsy ahitana fihenana firy. ==== Itsaboana ny aretina vokatry ny holatra ==== Azo ampiasaina amin' ny fitsaboana aretina vokatry ny [[holatra]] madinika isan-karazany koa ny tongologasy, anisan' izany ny aretina vokatry ny holatra amin' ny tongotra sy ny [[hodipotsy]]. === Fampiasana hafa === Ny ranony madity ao amin' ny tongologasy dia ampiasaina ho [[dity]] amin' ny fanamboarana [[vera]] sy [[bakoly]] simba. === Lafy ratsiny === ==== Fofona ratsy amin' ny vatana ==== Mitoetra ao amin' ny [[vatan' olombelona]] ny fofon' ny tongololay ary miteraka fofona ratsy anaty vava sy avy amin' ny vatana. Vokatry ny [[solfioran' alila sy metila]] (AMS) (CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>SCH<sub>3</sub>) izany. Ranoka mora mietona izay miditra ao amin' ny ra ny solfioran' alila sy metila, ary avy amin' ny ra izy io no mandeha any amin' ny [[havokavoka]] (avy eo mankany amin' ny vava ka miteraka fofona tongologasy) sy any amin' ny [[hoditra]] (ary mivoaka amin' ny [[mason-koditra]]). Satria maharitra ora maromaro ny fandevonan-kanina, ary ora maromaro kokoa ny famoahana ny AMS, dia mety hisy ny vokany maharitra ny fihinanana tongologasy. Vahaolana amin' ny ampahany sy tsy tonga lafatra hanalana ny fofona ny fanasana ny hoditra amin' ny [[savony]]. Nasehon' ny fanadihadiana fa afaka manala ny fofom-bava ratsy ny fisotroana [[ronono]] miaraka amin' ny fihinanana tongologasy. Mampihena ny fofona ny fampifangaroana tongololay amin-dronono anaty vava alohan' ny hitelemana azy noho ny misotro ronono aorian' izay. Mety hampihena ny fofona koa ny rano tsotra sy ny [[holatra]] ary ny bazilika (''[[Ocimum basilicum]]''); ny fifangaroan' ny zaka matavy sy ny rano ao anaty ronono anefa no tena nahomby. Mampihena ny fofona tongologasy mivoaka amin' ny vava ny fihinanana [[persily]] vaovao (''Petroselinum crispum''). ==== Fahamora tohina ==== Ny olona sasany dia tsy mahazaka tongololay sy ny karazana ''[[Allium]]'' hafa. Ny soritr' aretina dia mety hahitana ny tsinay mora manotika, ny aretim-pivalanana, ny fery amin' ny vava sy ny tenda, ny maloiloy, ny fahasarotan' ny fisefoana, ary, amin' ny tranga tsy fahita firy, ny anafilaktika. Ny olona mora tohina amin' ny tongololay dia matetika mora tohina koa amin' ny zavamaniry hafa, anisan' izany ny [[tongolobe]] ([[Allium cepa|''Allium'' ''cepa'']]), ny [[tongoloravina]] (''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]''), ny [[tongoloherana]] (''[[Allium porrum]]''), ny karazana lisy (''[[Lilium]]''), ny [[sakamalao]] (''[[Sakamalao|Zingiber officinale]]'') ary ny [[Akondro (voany)|akondro]] (''[[Musa acuminata]]'', ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'', sns). ==== Fahamaizana ==== Betsaka ny tatitra momba ny fahamaizana lehibe vokatry fampipetahana ny tongololay amin' ny vatana ho amin' ny tanjona isan-karazany, anisan' izany ny fampiasana azy amin' ny natorôpatia sy ny fitsaboana ny akne, ka midika fa ilaina ny fitandremana amin' ireo fampiasana ireo, amin' ny fitsapana ny faritra kely amin' ny hoditra amin' ny fampiasana tongologasy kely fatra. Noho ny tatitra maro momba ny fahamaizana toy izany, anisan' izany ny fahamaizana mahazo ny ankizy, ny fampiasana ny tongololay manta, sy ny fampidirana tongologasy manta amin' ny lavaka amin' ny vatana, dia tsy amporisihina. ==== Vokany amin' ny fampinonoana ==== Tsikaritry ny reny mampinono sasany fa rehefa avy nihinana tongololay izy ireo dia mety tsy hinono tsara ny zanany, ary misy fofona tongologasy avy amin' ny rononony. Mifamadika amin' izany koa ny nasehon' ny andrana iray, satria ny zaza dia niraikitra amin' ny nono nandritra ny fotoana lava kokoa ary ninono bebe kokoa rehefa nisy fofona tongololay ny ronono. ==== Vokan-dratsiny raha miaraka amin' ny fanafody sasany ==== Raha ampiasaina amin' ny fatrany ambony loatra miaraka amin' ny fanafody misakana ny fivaingan' ny ra ny fatran' ny tongololay, dia mety hiteraka [[fahaverezan-dra]] bebe kokoa. Ny tongololay dia mety hanambatra ny fiasany amin' ny komafena (C<sub>19</sub>H<sub>16</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), ny sakinavira (fitsaboana ny VIH/SIDA), ny fanafody mampihena tosi-dra, ny fanafody misakana ny fantsona kalsiôma, ny kinôlônina misy antibioôtika (toy ny ciprofloxacin), ny fanafody mapiheba glisemia, ary koa ny fanafody hafa. Mihevitra ny tongololay ho poizina ho an' ny biby fanao namana ([[alika]], [[saka]], sns) ny American Veterinary Medical Association. ==== Voka-dratsy hafa ==== Tsy fantatra ny voka-dratsin' ny fihinananana tongologasy atao famenon-tsakafo maharitra ela. Ny mety ho voka-dratsiny dia ny fikorontanana ao amin' ny [[vavony]] sy ny [[tsinay]], ny [[hatsembohana]], ny [[hafaninana]], ny faha mora tohina, ny fandehanan-dra, ary ny tsy fanaraham-potoan' ny [[fadimbolana]]. == Simia == Ny fisian' ny fangaro be dia be misy solifara ao anaty tongololay dia mahatonga ny tongololay ho lasa maitso na manga mandritra ny fandomana anaty [[rano]] na [[vinaingitra]] misy [[sira]] sy mandritra ny fandrahoana. Noho ny fakirana ny ny hafanana, ny [[aliina]] misy solifara dia miota amin' ny asidra amino mahazatra ka mamorona pirôla sy vondrona tsingerina karbonna sy azôta. Ireo tsingerina ireo dia azo avondrona mba hamorona molekiola pôlipirôla. Ny firafitra mitsingerina dia mitroka ny halavan' onjam-pahazavana sasany ka maneho loko. Ny molekiola manana pirôla roa dia mena, ny molekiola manana pirôla telo dia manga, ary ny molekiola manana pirôla efatra dia maitso (toy ny [[famaitso]], izay tetrapirôla). Tahaka ny famaitso, ny fandoko pirôlika dia azo hanina. Rehefa tapahina ny tongologasy dia miova maitso sahala amin' ny tongolobe izay miova loko vokatry ny fiotan' ny asidra amino amin' ny fangaro misy solifara, dia mety hivadika maitso ny tongologasy. Ny fiforitra maitso sy maina eo afovoan' ny hasin-tongololay no masiaka indrindra. Mamokatra fangaro hafa misy solifara ny [[alisinina]], izay fangaro misy [[solifara]] vokatry ny fanosena na fitsakoana ny tongologasy vaovao, dia ny azôena sy ny pôlisolfiora alila ary ny [[vinilditiinina]]. Tsy misy alisinina nNy tongologasy efa antitr,a saingy mety misy hetsika sasany noho ny fisian' ny S-alilsisteinina. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativa'') * [[Allium cepa|Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'') * [[Allium schoenoprasum|Tongoloravina]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Tongoloherana]] (''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') * [[Dipoavatra (maniry)|Dipoavatra]] - [[Sakamalao]] - [[Sakay (zavamaniry)|Sakay]] - [[Sakaibe]] - [[Tamotamo]] - [[Legioma]] * [[Lisitry ny zavamaniry ao amin' ny Baiboly|Zavamaniry ao amin' ny Baiboly]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] [[Sokajy:Zavamaniry]] lb87pza3ng0fiyyyrqzfxde37hjya3q 1151355 1151354 2026-09-26T12:43:00Z Thelezifor 15140 /* Jereo koa */ 1151355 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Allium sativum garden.jpg|vignette|458x458px|Zaridaina misy tongologasy]] Ny '''''Allium sativum''''' dia karazan-javamaniry mamony ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' na ''[[Liliaceae]]'' teo aloha. Ahitra maniry isan-taona izy io. Ny vodiny, izay manana fofona sy tsiro mahery, dia matetika ampiasaina amin' ny fandrahoan-tsakafo. Azo hanina koa ny vonin' ny tongolo gasy. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''tongologasy''' na '''tongololay''' na '''tongolonkova'''. ''Allium sativum'' <small>L.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Avy any [[Azia Afovoany]] ity karazana tongolo ity, ary heverina fa mety nampiasaina hatramin' ny 5&nbsp;000 taona tany amin' ny faritra [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|Mediteranea]], indrindra tany [[Ejipta]]. Ankehitriny dia mbola be mpampiasa any amin' ny faritra maro izy io noho ny tsirony sy ny fampiasana azy amin' ny fitsaboana. == Famariparitana == === Ankapobeny === Zavamaniry ahitra ny tongologasy, maniry mihoatra ny roa taona. Mirefy 50 hatramin' ny 120 sm ny haavony. === Ravina === Manarona ny fototry ny taho ny ravin' ny tongologasy. Fisaka sy mahitsy ny lelan-draviny, ary mirefy manodidina ny 1,25 hatramin' ny 2,5 sm ny sakany, sady manana tendro maranitra. === Vony === [[Sary:Wild garlic, Ponds Wood - geograph.org.uk - 3468399.jpg|vignette|Tongologasy maniry hoazy|206x206px]] [[Sary:Garlic flower head.jpg|ankavia|vignette|211x211px|Vonin' ny tongologasy]] Mamelana amin' ny [[fahavaratra]] ny tongologasy. Sady lahy no vavy ny voniny. Mamokatra voniny mavokely na volomparasy ny tongologasy manomboka amin' ny volana Jolay ka hatramin' ny Septambra any amin' ny [[Ila bolantany avaratra|Ila Bolantany Avaratra]]. Mitsangana sy avo ary mety mahatratra 1 m ny tahom-boniny. Tsy fahita firy amin' ny ovan-karazana maro ny vondrom-bony izay tsy miseho indraindray raha misy zavatra manelingelina ny fahasalaman' ilay zavamaniry. Voafono anaty spaty tokana izay malaky mihintsana izy io. Mivondrona ka mamorona ombely ny vony vitsy miloko fotsy na mavokely. Ny [[Lolo (bibikely)|lolo]] sy ny [[Insecta|bibikely]] hafa no miantoka ny famindrana [[vovobony]]. === Voa === [[Sary:Allium sativum 003.JPG|vignette|206x206px|Zanaka tongologasy mivoaka avy amin' ny voniny]] Kapsily misy efitra telo ny voan' ny tongologasy, saingy tsy dia fahita firy izy io ary ny tampom-bony dia matetika miteraka zanany kely afa-tsy ireo ovan-karazana avy any [[Azia Afovoany]] sy any [[Kaokazy]] izay akaiky ny karazana maniry hoazy. === Vody === [[Sary:Garlic bulbs and cloves.jpg|vignette|Tongolo gasy sy hasiny|206x206px]]Manana fofona mahery ary matetika misy hasiny 10 ka hatramin' ny 20 ny vodin' ny tongologasy. Ny hasiny manakaiky ny afovoany dia mifanandrify mirindra, ary ireo manodidina ny ivo dia mety ho tsy misy firindrana. Ny hasiny tsirairay dia voahodidin' ny ravina anatiny iray izay voahodidin' ny soson-dravina ivelany. === Fampitomboana taranaka === Ny fampitomboana taranaka dia amin' ny alalan' ny ampahan-javamaniry (fa tsy amin' ny alalan' ny voany) no mahazatra, indrindra amin' ny alalan' ny vodiny eo am-pototry ny taho. Ireo vodiny ireo dia ahitana hasiny telo ka hatramin' ny roapolo. == Fampiasana == === Amin' ny sakafo === [[Sary:Garlic_whole.jpg|thumb|Tongologasy|205x205px]] Ampiasaina betsaka amin' ny nahandro any amin' ny firenena sy faritra maro eto amin' izao tontolo izao ny tongologasy na tongololay. === Fandroahana sy famonoana biby === [[Sary:Delia radicum 01.JPG|vignette|''Delia radicum''|204x204px]] ==== Famonoana kankana ==== Ny vokatra pôlisolfiora (na pôlisolfida) azo avy amin' ny tongololay izay manaja ny tontolo iainana, dia ankatoavin' ny [[Vondrona Eorôpeana]] sy ny [[Fanjakana Mitambatra]] hampiasaina ho famonoana bibikely (''[[Insecta]]''), anisan' izany ny ady atao amin' ny lalitry ny laisoa (''Delia radicum'') mpanimba ny fambolena toy ny [[Laisoa (vondrona)|laisoa]], ny [[radisa]] (''Raphanus sativus''), ny [[nave]] (''Brassica rapa'' subsp. ''rapa''), ary ny [[kôlzà]] (''Brassica napus'' subsp. ''napus''). Amonoana ny haomena (''Dermanyssus gallinae'') amin' ny [[akoho amam-borona]] koa izy io. Noho ny singa [[solifara]] ao amin' ny [[ra]], ny tongololay nohanina dia misy milaza fa mandroaka [[moka]], na dia tsy misy ny porofo ara-tsiansa momba ny fahombiazany. ==== Famonoana kankana an-tsinay ==== [[Sary:Ascaris lumbricoides.jpeg|vignette|''Ascaris lumbricoides''|205x205px]] Ny vokatra pôlisolfiora (na pôlisolfida) azo avy amin' ny tongololay izay manaja ny tontolo iainana, dia ankatoavin' ny [[Vondrona Eorôpeana]] sy ny [[Fanjakana Mitambatra]] hampiasaina ho famonoana kankana (''[[Nematoda]]'') sy bibikely (''[[Insecta]]''). === Amin' ny fitsaboana sy ny fahasalamana === ==== Ankapobeny ==== Mitana anjara toerana lehibe ny fampiasana ny tongologasy eo amin' ny fitsaboana sy ny fahasalamana: mihinana azy io ny 4&nbsp;% amin' ny mponina [[Etazonia|amerikana]] sy ny 10&nbsp;% amin' ny mponina [[Aostralia|aostraliana]] noho ny antony ara-pitsaboana. Manana izao fiasa izao ny tongologasy: mampihena ny [[lipida]] (trigliserida sy [[Kôlesterola|kôlesterôla]]) ao amin' ny [[ra]]; misakana ny fivaingan' ny ra; mampihena ny [[Tosi-drà|tosi-dra]] sy misoroka ny fahasarotana toy ny [[aretim-po]] sy ny fahatapahan' ny [[lalan-dra]] any amin' ny [[atidoha]]; mitroka ny [[metaly mavesatra]] sy ny poizina; antiôksida; manaitra ny [[hery fiarovana]]; miady amin' ny [[homamiadana]] sasany. ==== Misy vitaminina ==== Misy [[vitaminina A]], [[vitaminina B1]], [[vitaminina B2]], [[vitaminina B6]], [[vitaminina K]], [[vitaminina E]], ary [[vitaminina C]], misy [[antibiôtika]] voajanahary isan-karazany ny tongololay ka anisan' izany ny ajôena (ity farany ity dia tsy marin-toerana, sady hita amin' ny fatra ambany loatra ao amin' ny vatana aorian' ny fihinanana tongololay ka tsy dia misy fahombiazany firy). ==== Misakana ny fihanaky ny bakteria sy ny viriosy ==== Misy [[inolinina]], izay manentana ny fitomboan' ny [[bakteria]] mahasoa an-tsinay). Ahitana [[alisinina]] koa izy io, singa misy [[solifara]] mamono bakteria sy misakana fihanak' aretina amin' ny vatana ary miady amin' ny [[Virosy|viriosy]]. ==== Itsaboana ny sery ==== Mazàna no ampiasaina amin' ny fitsaboana ny [[sery]] ny tongologasy na ny singa avy amin' ny tongologasy. Tamin' ny fanadihadiana natao, amin' ny olona nihinana tongololay isan' andro nandritra ny telo volana dia latsaka 2,7 heny ny tsy hahavoan' ny sery azy ireo, ary raha narary izy ireo dia naharitra latsaka iray andro faharetan' ny sery tao aminy. Na izany aza, ny mpanoratra dia nanao teny famaranana izay milaza fa tsy ampy ny fikarohana momba ny fiantraikan' ny tongololay amin' ny sery. ==== Fiasany ao amin' ny ra sy ny lalandra ary ny tosidra ==== Misy koa ny milaza fa mampihena [[kôlesterôla]] ny fihinanana tongologasy (tsy voamarina io toetrany farany ity). Mety ho antonony ny fahombiazany amin' ny fampihenana ny mety ho fiakaran' ny [[Tosi-drà|tosi-dra]]. Ny tongololay dia misy singa misakana ny fivaingan' ny ra, izay mety hampitombo ny fandehanan-dra be loatra raha ampiarahina amin' ny fanafody hafa misakana ny fivaingan' ny ra. ==== Mampihena ny mety hahavoan' ny homamiadana ==== Araka ny fanadihadiana dimy natao, ny fehin-kevitra araka [[antontanisa]] iraisam-pirenena dia manombana fa misy porofo ampy milaza fa ny fihinanana hasina tongologasy iray (3 g) tsy tapaka isan' andro dia mampihena antsasany ny mety ho hahavoazan' ny homamiadana mahazo ny [[vavony]] sy ny [[tsinaibe]] ary ny [[tsinaimbody]]. Ny [[anzima]] aliinazy, izay mitareka izany dia miseho 15 minitra aorian' ny fanorotoroana tongologasy manta alohan' ny hihinana azy. Na izany aza, ny homamiadana mahazo ny [[atidoha]], ny [[tenda]], ny [[havokavoka]], ny [[nono]] ary ny [[prôstaty]] dia tsy ahitana fihenana firy. ==== Itsaboana ny aretina vokatry ny holatra ==== Azo ampiasaina amin' ny fitsaboana aretina vokatry ny [[holatra]] madinika isan-karazany koa ny tongologasy, anisan' izany ny aretina vokatry ny holatra amin' ny tongotra sy ny [[hodipotsy]]. === Fampiasana hafa === Ny ranony madity ao amin' ny tongologasy dia ampiasaina ho [[dity]] amin' ny fanamboarana [[vera]] sy [[bakoly]] simba. === Lafy ratsiny === ==== Fofona ratsy amin' ny vatana ==== Mitoetra ao amin' ny [[vatan' olombelona]] ny fofon' ny tongololay ary miteraka fofona ratsy anaty vava sy avy amin' ny vatana. Vokatry ny [[solfioran' alila sy metila]] (AMS) (CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCH<sub>2</sub>SCH<sub>3</sub>) izany. Ranoka mora mietona izay miditra ao amin' ny ra ny solfioran' alila sy metila, ary avy amin' ny ra izy io no mandeha any amin' ny [[havokavoka]] (avy eo mankany amin' ny vava ka miteraka fofona tongologasy) sy any amin' ny [[hoditra]] (ary mivoaka amin' ny [[mason-koditra]]). Satria maharitra ora maromaro ny fandevonan-kanina, ary ora maromaro kokoa ny famoahana ny AMS, dia mety hisy ny vokany maharitra ny fihinanana tongologasy. Vahaolana amin' ny ampahany sy tsy tonga lafatra hanalana ny fofona ny fanasana ny hoditra amin' ny [[savony]]. Nasehon' ny fanadihadiana fa afaka manala ny fofom-bava ratsy ny fisotroana [[ronono]] miaraka amin' ny fihinanana tongologasy. Mampihena ny fofona ny fampifangaroana tongololay amin-dronono anaty vava alohan' ny hitelemana azy noho ny misotro ronono aorian' izay. Mety hampihena ny fofona koa ny rano tsotra sy ny [[holatra]] ary ny bazilika (''[[Ocimum basilicum]]''); ny fifangaroan' ny zaka matavy sy ny rano ao anaty ronono anefa no tena nahomby. Mampihena ny fofona tongologasy mivoaka amin' ny vava ny fihinanana [[persily]] vaovao (''Petroselinum crispum''). ==== Fahamora tohina ==== Ny olona sasany dia tsy mahazaka tongololay sy ny karazana ''[[Allium]]'' hafa. Ny soritr' aretina dia mety hahitana ny tsinay mora manotika, ny aretim-pivalanana, ny fery amin' ny vava sy ny tenda, ny maloiloy, ny fahasarotan' ny fisefoana, ary, amin' ny tranga tsy fahita firy, ny anafilaktika. Ny olona mora tohina amin' ny tongololay dia matetika mora tohina koa amin' ny zavamaniry hafa, anisan' izany ny [[tongolobe]] ([[Allium cepa|''Allium'' ''cepa'']]), ny [[tongoloravina]] (''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]''), ny [[tongoloherana]] (''[[Allium porrum]]''), ny karazana lisy (''[[Lilium]]''), ny [[sakamalao]] (''[[Sakamalao|Zingiber officinale]]'') ary ny [[Akondro (voany)|akondro]] (''[[Musa acuminata]]'', ''[[Musa balbisiana]]'', sns). ==== Fahamaizana ==== Betsaka ny tatitra momba ny fahamaizana lehibe vokatry fampipetahana ny tongololay amin' ny vatana ho amin' ny tanjona isan-karazany, anisan' izany ny fampiasana azy amin' ny natorôpatia sy ny fitsaboana ny akne, ka midika fa ilaina ny fitandremana amin' ireo fampiasana ireo, amin' ny fitsapana ny faritra kely amin' ny hoditra amin' ny fampiasana tongologasy kely fatra. Noho ny tatitra maro momba ny fahamaizana toy izany, anisan' izany ny fahamaizana mahazo ny ankizy, ny fampiasana ny tongololay manta, sy ny fampidirana tongologasy manta amin' ny lavaka amin' ny vatana, dia tsy amporisihina. ==== Vokany amin' ny fampinonoana ==== Tsikaritry ny reny mampinono sasany fa rehefa avy nihinana tongololay izy ireo dia mety tsy hinono tsara ny zanany, ary misy fofona tongologasy avy amin' ny rononony. Mifamadika amin' izany koa ny nasehon' ny andrana iray, satria ny zaza dia niraikitra amin' ny nono nandritra ny fotoana lava kokoa ary ninono bebe kokoa rehefa nisy fofona tongololay ny ronono. ==== Vokan-dratsiny raha miaraka amin' ny fanafody sasany ==== Raha ampiasaina amin' ny fatrany ambony loatra miaraka amin' ny fanafody misakana ny fivaingan' ny ra ny fatran' ny tongololay, dia mety hiteraka [[fahaverezan-dra]] bebe kokoa. Ny tongololay dia mety hanambatra ny fiasany amin' ny komafena (C<sub>19</sub>H<sub>16</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), ny sakinavira (fitsaboana ny VIH/SIDA), ny fanafody mampihena tosi-dra, ny fanafody misakana ny fantsona kalsiôma, ny kinôlônina misy antibioôtika (toy ny ciprofloxacin), ny fanafody mapiheba glisemia, ary koa ny fanafody hafa. Mihevitra ny tongololay ho poizina ho an' ny biby fanao namana ([[alika]], [[saka]], sns) ny American Veterinary Medical Association. ==== Voka-dratsy hafa ==== Tsy fantatra ny voka-dratsin' ny fihinananana tongologasy atao famenon-tsakafo maharitra ela. Ny mety ho voka-dratsiny dia ny fikorontanana ao amin' ny [[vavony]] sy ny [[tsinay]], ny [[hatsembohana]], ny [[hafaninana]], ny faha mora tohina, ny fandehanan-dra, ary ny tsy fanaraham-potoan' ny [[fadimbolana]]. == Simia == Ny fisian' ny fangaro be dia be misy solifara ao anaty tongololay dia mahatonga ny tongololay ho lasa maitso na manga mandritra ny fandomana anaty [[rano]] na [[vinaingitra]] misy [[sira]] sy mandritra ny fandrahoana. Noho ny fakirana ny ny hafanana, ny [[aliina]] misy solifara dia miota amin' ny asidra amino mahazatra ka mamorona pirôla sy vondrona tsingerina karbonna sy azôta. Ireo tsingerina ireo dia azo avondrona mba hamorona molekiola pôlipirôla. Ny firafitra mitsingerina dia mitroka ny halavan' onjam-pahazavana sasany ka maneho loko. Ny molekiola manana pirôla roa dia mena, ny molekiola manana pirôla telo dia manga, ary ny molekiola manana pirôla efatra dia maitso (toy ny [[famaitso]], izay tetrapirôla). Tahaka ny famaitso, ny fandoko pirôlika dia azo hanina. Rehefa tapahina ny tongologasy dia miova maitso sahala amin' ny tongolobe izay miova loko vokatry ny fiotan' ny asidra amino amin' ny fangaro misy solifara, dia mety hivadika maitso ny tongologasy. Ny fiforitra maitso sy maina eo afovoan' ny hasin-tongololay no masiaka indrindra. Mamokatra fangaro hafa misy solifara ny [[alisinina]], izay fangaro misy [[solifara]] vokatry ny fanosena na fitsakoana ny tongologasy vaovao, dia ny azôena sy ny pôlisolfiora alila ary ny [[vinilditiinina]]. Tsy misy alisinina nNy tongologasy efa antitr,a saingy mety misy hetsika sasany noho ny fisian' ny S-alilsisteinina. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * [[Allium cepa|Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'') * [[Allium schoenoprasum|Tongoloravina]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Tongoloherana]] (''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') * [[Dipoavatra (maniry)|Dipoavatra]] - [[Sakamalao]] - [[Sakay (zavamaniry)|Sakay]] - [[Sakaibe]] - [[Tamotamo]] - [[Legioma]] * [[Lisitry ny zavamaniry ao amin' ny Baiboly|Zavamaniry ao amin' ny Baiboly]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] [[Sokajy:Zavamaniry]] bk8bzk41h43xvbsnhuwbn3njss63gti Harefo 0 281746 1151370 1132198 2026-09-26T13:06:04Z Thelezifor 15140 1151370 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''harefo''' dia [[zavamaniry]] samihafa ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Cyperaceae]]''. Ahitra, tsoatokana, lava, poakaty, mitovitovy amin' ny [[zozoro]] (''[[Cyperus]]'') izy ireo. Ireto ny zavamaniry antsoina amin' ny [[Fiteny malagasy|teny malagasy]] hoe ''harefo'': * ''[[Eleocharis limosa]]'' <small>(Schrad.) Schult.</small> (← ''Eleocharis baronii'' <small>Baker</small>) -- harefo * ''[[Eleocharis dulcis]]'' <small>(Burm.f.) Trin. ex Hensch</small> <small>(</small>← ''Eleocharis plantaginea'' <small>R. Br.</small>) -- harefo, hareforefo, herefo, horefo == Jereo koa == * ''[[Eleocharis]]'' * [[Zozoro]] - ''[[Cyperus]]'' == Loharano sy fanamarihana == ltsrqzomrcouas66ywgd2ymh4fbw2lk Allium 0 284036 1151347 1151346 2026-09-26T11:59:04Z Thelezifor 15140 Nandamina lahatsoratra 1151347 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:RampBunch.png|vignette|''[[Allium tricoccum]]'']] Ny '''''Allium''''' dia vondron-karazan-javamaniry [[Angiospermae|mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Asparagales]]), teo aloha nosokajina tao amin' ny ''[[Liliaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Liliales]]). Amin' ny [[Fiteny malagasy|teny malagasy]] dia atao amin' ny ankapobeny hoe '''tongolo''' ny karazana ao aminy, indrindra ny azon' ny [[olombelona]] atao sakafo. Mahatratra eo anelanelan' ny 260 sy 690 miparitaka indrindra any [[Eorazia]] sy any [[Amerika Avaratra]] ny karazan' ny ''Allium''. Io no hany vondron-karazana ahitana karazany azo atao sakafo ao amin' ny ''Amaryllidaceae''. [[Sary:ARS red onion.jpg|vignette|[[Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'')]] Vondron-karazana manan-danja ao amin' ny fikarakarana sakafon' ny olombelona ny ''Allium'', izay ahitana zavamaniry fanao sakafo sy zava-manitra ary fanao fanafody maro. Anisan' io vondron-karazana io ny [[tongoloherana]] ([[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'']]), ny [[tongolobe]] (''[[Allium cepa]]''), ny [[Tongolo gasy|tongolo lay]] (''[[Allium sativum]]''), ny [[tongolomadinika]] (''[[Allium ascalonicum]]''), ny [[tongolo raviny]] (''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]''). Misy koa ny karazany fanao haingon-tanàna fa tsy fihinana. Ny ao amin' io vondron-karazana ''Allium'' io dia ahitana karazana maniry hoazy (tongolodia) marom hafa antsoina hoe ''tongolo'' ary ambolena hatao sakafo, toy ny ''Allium fistulosum'' sy ny ''Allium × proliferum'', ary ny ''Allium canadense''. Ampiasaina hanondroana karazana ''Allium'' maromaro ny anarana hoe ''tongolodia'', fa ny ''Allium'' ''cepa'' dia fantatra amin' ny fambolena azy. Ny karazana sasany dia manana, ankoatry ny fananahana mila [[lahimbony]] sy [[vavimbony]] amin' ny alalan' ny voa, dia misy koa ny fomba fampitomboana taranaka azy amin' ny alalan' ny vatany. == Lisitry ny karazana == [[Sary:Allium sativum. Restra de allos de Oroso- Galiza.jpg|vignette|[[Tongologasy|Tongololay]] (''Allium sativum'')]] Inty ny lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Allium'' araka ny ''[[World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]]'' (WCSP) <small>(</small><small>03 Jona 2010):</small> === A === * ''Allium aaseae'' Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium abramsii'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium acidoides'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium aciphyllum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium acuminatum'' Hook. (1838) * ''Allium acutiflorum'' Loisel. (1809) * ''Allium aegilicum'' Tzanoud. (2000) * ''Allium affine'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium afghanicum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium aflatunense'' B.Fedtsch. (1904) * ''Allium agrigentinum'' Brullo & Pavone (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium akaka'' S.G.Gmel. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium alabasicum'' Y.Z.Zhao (1992) * ''Allium alaicum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium albiflorum'' Omelczuk (1962) * ''Allium albotunicatum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium albovianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium alexandrae'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium alexeianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium alibile'' A.Rich. (1850) * ''Allium alpinarii'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium altaicum'' Pall. (1773) * ''Allium altissimum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium altoatlanticum'' Seregin (2006) * ''Allium altyncolicum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium amethystinum'' Tausch (1828) * ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' L. (1753) * ''Allium amphibolum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium amplectens'' Torr., Pacif. Railr. Rep. Parke (1857) * ''Allium anacoleum'' Hand.-Mazz. (1914) * ''Allium anatolicum'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium anceps'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium angulosum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium anisopodium'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium anisotepalum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium antalyense'' Eren, Çinbilgel & Parolly (2007) * ''Allium antonii-bolosii'' P.Palau (1953) * ''Allium anzalonei'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium apolloniensis'' Biel, Kit Tan & Tzanoud. (2006) * ''Allium apulum'' Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium archeotrichon'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1999) * ''Allium arkitense'' R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium arlgirdense'' Blakelock (1953) * ''Allium armenum'' Boiss. & Kotschy (1882) * ''Allium armerioides'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium aroides'' Popov & Vved. (1934) * ''Allium artemisietorum'' Eig & Feinbr., Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium asarense'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2001) * ''[[Allium ascalonicum]]'' L. (1756) - [[tongolomadinika]] * ''Allium aschersonianum'' Barbey (1882) * ''Allium asclepiadeum'' Bornm. (1917) * ''Allium asirense'' B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium asperiflorum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium assadii'' Seisums (2000) * ''Allium atropurpureum'' Waldst. & Kit. (1800) * ''Allium atrorubens'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium atrosanguineum'' Schrenk (1842) * ''Allium atroviolaceum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium aucheri'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium auriculatum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium austrokyushuense'' M.Hotta (1998) * ''Allium austrosibiricum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium autumnale'' P.H.Davis (1949) * ''Allium autumniflorum'' F.O.Khass. & Akhani (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium azaurenum'' Gomb. (1963) * ''Allium azutavicum'' Kotukhov (2003) === B === * ''Allium backhousianum'' Regel (1885) * ''Allium baekdusanense'' Y.N.Lee (2005) * ''Allium baeticum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium bajtulinii'' Baitenov & I.I.Kamenetskaya (1990) * ''Allium bakhtiaricum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium balansae'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium baluchistanicum'' Wendelbo (1963) * ''Allium barsczewskii'' Lipsky (1900) * ''Allium barthianum'' Asch. & Schweinf. (1893) * ''Allium bassitense'' J.Thiébaut (1948) * ''Allium baytopiorum'' Kollmann & Özhatay (1983) * ''Allium beesianum'' W.W.Sm. (1914) * ''Allium bellulum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium bidentatum'' Fisch. ex Prokh. & Ikonn.-Gal. (1929) * ''Allium bigelowii'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium birkinshawii'' Mouterde (1970) * ''Allium bisceptrum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium blandum'' Wall. (1832) * ''Allium blomfieldianum'' Asch. & Schweinf. (1893) * ''Allium boissieri'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium bolanderi'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium bornmuelleri'' Hayek (1925) * ''Allium borszczowii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium botschantzevii'' Kamelin (1976) * ''Allium bourgeaui'' Rech.f. (1936) * ''Allium brachyodon'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium brachyscapum'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium brachyspathum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (2001) * ''Allium bracteolatum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium brandegeei'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium brevicaule'' Boiss. & Balansa (1859) * ''Allium brevidens'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium brevidentatum'' F.Z.Li, Bull. Bot. Res. (1986) * ''Allium brevidentiforme'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium brevipes'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium breviradium'' (Halácsy) Stearn (1978) * ''Allium breviscapum'' Stapf, Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. (1885) * ''Allium brevistylum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium brulloi'' Salmeri (1998) * ''Allium brussalisii'' Tzanoud. & Kypr. (2008) * ''Allium bucharicum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium bungei'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium burjaticum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium burlewii'' Davidson (1916) === C === * ''Allium caeruleum'' Pall. (1773) * ''Allium caesioides'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium caesium'' Schrenk (1844) * ''Allium caespitosum'' Siev. ex Bong. & C.A. Mey. (1841) * ''Allium calabrum'' (N.Terracc.) Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1994) * ''Allium calamarophilon'' Phitos & Tzanoud. (1981) * ''Allium callidyction'' C.A.Mey. ex Kunth (1843) * ''Allium callimischon'' Link (1834) * ''Allium calocephalum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium calyptratum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium campanulatum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium canadense'' L. (1753) * ''Allium candargyi'' Karavok. & Tzanoud. (1994 publ. 1995) * ''Allium candolleanum'' Albov (1895) * ''Allium capitellatum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium cappadocicum'' Boiss. & Balansa (1882) * ''Allium caput-medusae'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium cardiostemon'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (1840) * ''Allium carinatum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium carmeli'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium caroli-henrici'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium carolinianum'' DC. (1804) * ''Allium caspium'' (Pall.) M.Bieb. (1808) * ''Allium cassium'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium castellanense'' (Garbari, Miceli & Raimondo) Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium cathodicarpum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''[[Allium cepa]]'' L. (1753) - [[tongolobe]] * ''Allium cernuum'' Roth (1798) * ''Allium chalcophengos'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium chalkii'' Tzanoud. & Kollmann (1991 publ. 1990) * ''Allium chamaemoly'' L. (1753) * ''Allium chamaespathum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium chamarense'' M.M.Ivanova (1965) * ''Allium changduense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium chelotum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium chienchuanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium chinense'' G.Don (1827) rakkyo * ''Allium chitralicum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium chiwui'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium chloranthum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium chloroneurum'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium chodsha-bakirganicum'' Gaffarov & Turak. (1991) * ''Allium choriotepalum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium chrysantherum'' Boiss. & Reut. (1882) * ''Allium chrysanthum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium chrysocephalum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium chrysonemum'' Stearn (1978) * ''Allium circassicum'' Kolak. (1955) * ''Allium circinatum'' Sieber (1823) * ''Allium circumflexum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium cisferganense'' R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium clathratum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium clausum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium colchicifolium'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium columbianum'' (Ownbey & Mingrone) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg (1988) * ''Allium commutatum'' Guss. (1855) * ''Allium condensatum'' Turcz. (1854) * ''Allium confragosum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium consanguineum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium constrictum'' (Mingrone & Ownbey) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg (1988) * ''Allium convallarioides'' Grossh. (1924) * ''Allium x cornutum'' Clementi (1841) * ''Allium corsicum'' Jauzein & al. (2002) * ''Allium coryi'' M.E.Jones (1930) * ''Allium costatovaginatum'' Kamelin & Levichev (1986) * ''Allium crameri'' Asch. & Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium cratericola'' Eastw. (1934) * ''Allium crenulatum'' Wiegand (1899) * ''Allium crispum'' Greene (1888) * ''Allium cristophii'' Trautv. (1884) * ''Allium croaticum'' Bogdanovic, Brullo, Mitic & Salmeri (2008) * ''Allium crystallinum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium cucullatum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium cupani'' Raf. (1810) * ''Allium cupuliferum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium curtum'' Boiss. & Gaill. (1859) * ''Allium cuthbertii'' Small (1903) * ''Allium cyaneum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium cyathophorum'' Bureau & Franch. (1891) * ''Allium cyprium'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium cyrilli'' Ten. (1827) * ''Allium czelghauricum'' Bordz. (1912) === D === * ''Allium daghestanicum'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium damascenum'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium daninianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1996) * ''Allium darwasicum'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium dasyphyllum'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium decaisnei'' C.Presl (1845) * ''Allium deciduum'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium decipiens'' Fisch. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium delicatulum'' Siev. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium deltoidefistulosum'' S.O.Yu, S.Lee & W.T.Lee (1981) * ''Allium dentiferum'' Webb & Berthel. (1848) * ''Allium dentigerum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium denudatum'' F.Delaroche (1812) * ''Allium derderianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium deserti-syriaci'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium desertorum'' Forssk. (1775) * ''Allium diabolense'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium dichlamydeum'' Greene (1888) * ''Allium dictuon'' H.St.John (1937) * ''Allium dictyoprasum'' C.A.Mey. ex Kunth (1843) * ''Allium dictyoscordum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium dilatatum'' Zahar. (1977) * ''Allium dinsmorei'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1952) * ''Allium diomedeum'' Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium dirphianum'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium djimilense'' Boiss. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium dodecadontum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium dodecanesi'' Karavok. & Tzanoud. (1994 publ. 1995) * ''Allium dolichomischum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium dolichostylum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium douglasii'' Hook. (1838) * ''Allium drepanophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium drobovii'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium drummondii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium drusorum'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium dumetorum'' Feinbrun & Szel., Palestine J. Bot. (1948) * ''Allium durangoense'' Traub (1968) === E === * ''Allium ebusitanum'' Font Quer (1924) * ''Allium eduardii'' Stearn ex Airy Shaw (1946) * ''Allium egorovae'' M.V.Agab. & Ogan. (2000) * ''Allium eivissanum'' Garbari & Miceli (1987) * ''Allium elburzense'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium eldivanense'' Özhatay (1986) * ''Allium elegans'' Drobow (1917) * ''Allium elegantulum'' Kitag. (1933 publ. 1935) * ''Allium ellisii'' Hook.f. (1903) * ''Allium elmaliense'' Deniz & Sümbül (2004) * ''Allium elmendorfii'' M.E.Jones ex Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium enginii'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium erdelii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium eremoprasum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium ericetorum'' Thore (1803) * ''Allium eriocoleum'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium ertugrulii'' Demir. & Uysal (2007 publ. 2008) * ''Allium erubescens'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium erythraeum'' Griseb. (1846) * ''Allium esfandiarii'' Matin (1989) * ''Allium euboicum'' Rech.f. (1961) * ''Allium eugenii'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium eurotophilum'' Wiggins (1933) * ''Allium eusperma'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium exaltatum'' (Meikle) Brullo, Pavone, Salmeri & Venora (2004) * ''Allium exile'' Boiss. & Orph. (1859) === F === * ''Allium falcifolium'' Hook. & Arn. (1840) * ''Allium fanjingshanense'' C.D.Yang & G.Q.Gou (2008) * ''Allium fantasmasense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium farctum'' Wendelbo (1967) * ''Allium fasciculatum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium favosum'' Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium fedtschenkoi'' Nábelek (1929) * ''Allium feinbergii'' Oppenh. (1940) * ''Allium ferganicum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium fethiyense'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium fetisowii'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium fibriferum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium fibrillum'' M.E.Jones ex Abrams (1922) * ''Allium filidens'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium filidentiforme'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium fimbriatum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium fistulosum'' L. (1753) ciboule * ''Allium flavellum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium flavescens'' Besser (1821) * ''Allium flavidum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium flavovirens'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium flavum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium flexuosum'' d'Urv. (1822) * ''Allium forrestii'' Diels (1912) * ''Allium franciniae'' Brullo & Pavone (1983) * ''Allium fraseri'' (Ownbey) Shinners (1951) * ''Allium frigidum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1854) * ''Allium fritschii'' F.O.Khass. & Yengal. (1997) * ''Allium funckiifolium'' Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien (1920) * ''Allium fuscoviolaceum'' Fomin (1909) * ''Allium fuscum'' Waldst. & Kit. (1807) === G === * ''Allium galanthum'' Kar. & Kir. (1842) * ''Allium galileum'' Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2008) * ''Allium garbarii'' Peruzzi (2007) * ''Allium geyeri'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium giganteum'' Regel (1883) * ''Allium gilgiticum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium gillii'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium glaciale'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium glandulosum'' Link & Otto (1828) * ''Allium glomeratum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium glumaceum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium goekyigitii'' Ekim, H.Duman & Güner (1999) * ''Allium goloskokovii'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium gomphrenoides'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1846) * ''Allium gooddingii'' Ownbey (1949) * ''Allium gorumsense'' (Regel) Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium goulimyi'' Tzanoud. (1983) * ''Allium gracillimum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium gramineum'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium grande'' Lipsky (1894) * ''Allium greuteri'' Brullo & Pavone (1983) * ''Allium griffithianum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium grisellum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium grosii'' Font Quer (1924) * ''Allium guanxianense'' J.M.Xu (1993) * ''Allium guatemalense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium gubanovii'' Kamelin, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1980) * ''Allium guicciardii'' Heldr. (1876) * ''Allium gunibicum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium gusaricum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium guttatum'' Steven (1809) * ''Allium gypsaceum'' Popov & Vved. (1924) * ''Allium gypsodictyum'' Vved. (1941) === H === * ''Allium haemanthoides'' Boiss. & Reut. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium haematochiton'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium hamrinense'' Hand.-Mazz. (1914) * ''Allium haneltii'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1998) * ''Allium hedgei'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium heldreichii'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium helicophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium hemisphaericum'' (Sommier) Brullo (1988) * ''Allium henryi'' C.H.Wright (1895) * ''Allium herderianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium hermoneum'' (Kollmann & Shmida) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2007) * ''Allium heteronema'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1980) * ''Allium hexaceras'' Vved. (1963) * ''Allium hickmanii'' Eastw. (1903) * ''Allium hierosolymorum'' Regel (1890) * ''Allium hindukuschense'' Kamelin & Seisums (1996) * ''Allium hintoniorum'' B.L.Turner (1993 publ. 1994) * ''Allium hirtovaginatum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium hirtovaginum'' Candargy (1897) * ''Allium hissaricum'' Vved. (1963) * ''Allium hoffmanii'' Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium hollandicum'' R.M.Fritsch (1993) * ''Allium hookeri'' Thwaites (1864) * ''Allium hooshidaryae'' Mashayekhi, Zarre & R.M.Fritsch (2005) * ''Allium horvatii'' Lovric (1971 publ. 1972) * ''Allium howellii'' Eastw. (1938) * ''Allium huber-morathii'' Kollmann, Özhatay & Koyuncu (1983) * ''Allium humile'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium huntiae'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium hyalinum'' Curran (1885) * ''Allium hymenorhizum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium hymettium'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1859) * ''Allium hypsistum'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) === I === * ''Allium ilgazense'' Özhatay (1986) * ''Allium iliense'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium inaequale'' Janka (1860) * ''Allium inconspicuum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium incrustatum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium inderiense'' Fisch. ex Bunge (1838) * ''Allium inops'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium insubricum'' Boiss. & Reut. (1857) * ''Allium insufficiens'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium integerrimum'' Zahar. (1977) * ''Allium inutile'' Makino (1898) * ''Allium ionandrum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium ionicum'' Brullo & Tzanoud. (1994) * ''Allium iranicum'' (Wendelbo) Wendelbo (1985) * ''Allium isakulii'' R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass. (2000) * ''Allium isauricum'' Hub.-Mor. & Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium isfairamicum'' B.Fedtsch. (1906) * ''Allium ivasczenkoae'' Kotukhov (2003) === J === * ''Allium jacquemontii'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium jaxarticum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium jepsonii'' (Ownbey & Aase) S.S.Denison & McNeal (1989) * ''Allium jesdianum'' Boiss. & Buhse (1860) * ''Allium jodanthum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium joharchii'' F.O.Khass. & Memariani (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium jubatum'' J.F.Macbr. (1918) * ''Allium jucundum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium juldusicola'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium julianum'' Brullo, Gangale & Uzunov (2007) * ''Allium junceum'' Sm. (1809) === K === * ''Allium karacae'' Koyuncu (1994) * ''Allium karamanoglui'' Koyuncu & Kollmann (1978 publ. 1979) * ''Allium karataviense'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium karelinii'' Poljakov (1950) * ''Allium karistanum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium karyeteini'' Post (1895) * ''Allium kaschianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium kastambulense'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium kasteki'' Popov, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1938) * ''Allium kazerouni'' Parsa (1949) * ''Allium kermesinum'' Rchb. (1848) * ''Allium kharputense'' Freyn & Sint. (1892) * ''Allium kingdonii'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium kirindicum'' Bornm. (1915) * ''Allium koelzii'' (Wendelbo) Perss. & Wendelbo (1979) * ''Allium koenigianum'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium kokanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium kollmannianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1991) * ''Allium komarowii'' Lipsky (1900) * ''Allium kopetdagense'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium koreanum'' H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh (2004) * ''Allium korolkowii'' Regel (1873) * ''Allium kossoricum'' Fomin (1909) * ''Allium kotschyi'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium koyuncui'' H.Duman & Özhatay (2000 publ. 2001) * ''Allium kuhsorkhense'' R.M.Fritsch & Joharchi (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium kujukense'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium kunthianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium kuramense'' F.O.Khass. & N.V.Friesen (1998) * ''Allium kurssanovii'' Popov, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1938) * ''Allium kurtzianum'' Asch. & Sint. ex Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium kysylkumi'' Kamelin (1980) === L === * ''Allium lachnophyllum'' Paine (1875) * ''Allium lacunosum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium lagarophyllum'' Brullo, Pavone & Tzanoud. (1993) * ''Allium lalesaricum'' Freyn & Bornm. (1900) * ''Allium lamondiae'' Wendelbo (1967) * ''Allium lasiophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium latifolium'' Jaub. & Spach (1844) * ''Allium ledebourianum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium lefkarense'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium lehmannianum'' Merckl. ex Bunge (1851) * ''Allium lehmannii'' Lojac. (1909) * ''Allium lemmonii'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium lenkoranicum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium leptomorphum'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium leucanthum'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium leucocephalum'' Turcz. ex Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium leucosphaerum'' Aitch. & Baker, Trans. Linn. Soc. London (1886) * ''Allium libani'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium lilacinum'' Klotzsch (1862) * ''Allium lineare'' L. (1753) * ''Allium linearifolium'' H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh (2003) * ''Allium lipskyanum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium listera'' Stearn (1934) * ''Allium litorale'' Konta, Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo (2005) * ''Allium litvinovii'' Drobow ex Vved. (1971) * ''Allium lojaconoi'' Brullo, Lanfr. & Pavone (1982) * ''Allium longanum'' Pamp. (1912) * ''Allium longicollum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium longifolium'' (Kunth) Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium longipapillatum'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium longiradiatum'' (Regel) Vved. (1923) * ''Allium longisepalum'' Bertol. (1842) * ''Allium longistylum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium longivaginatum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium lopadusanum'' Bartolo, Brullo & Pavone (1986) * ''Allium loratum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium lusitanicum'' Lam. (1783) * ''Allium luteolum'' Halácsy (1904) * ''Allium lutescens'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium lycaonicum'' Siehe ex Hayek (1914) === M === * ''Allium maackii'' (Maxim.) Prokh. ex Kom. (1931) * ''Allium macedonicum'' Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium machmelianum'' Post (1892) * ''Allium macleanii'' Baker (1883) * ''Allium macranthum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium macrochaetum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium macropetalum'' Rydb. (1904) * ''Allium macrostemon'' Bunge (1833) * ''Allium macrostylum'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium macrum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium madidum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium mairei'' H.Lév. (1909) * ''Allium majus'' Vved. (1941) * ''Allium malyschevii'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium maniaticum'' Brullo & Tzanoud. (1989) * ''Allium mannii'' Traub & T.M.Howard (1968) * ''Allium maowenense'' J.M.Xu (1994) * ''Allium marathasicum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium mareoticum'' Bornm. & Gauba (1933) * ''Allium margaritae'' B.Fedtsch. (1918) * ''Allium margaritiferum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium marginatum'' Janka (1884) * ''Allium mariae'' Bordz. (1915) * ''Allium marschalianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium massaessylum'' Batt. & Trab. (1892) * ''Allium materculae'' Bordz. (1915) * ''Allium maximowiczii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium megalobulbon'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium melanantherum'' Pancic (1883) * ''Allium melananthum'' Coincy (1895) * ''Allium melitense'' (Sommier & Caruana ex Borg) Cif. & Giacom. (1950) * ''Allium melliferum'' Traub (1972) * ''Allium membranaceum'' Munz & Keck ex Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium meteoricum'' Heldr. & Hausskn. (1904) * ''Allium mexicanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium michoacanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium micranthum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium microdictyon'' Prokh. (1929-1930 publ. 1930) * ''Allium microspathum'' Ekberg (1969) * ''Allium minutiflorum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium minutum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium mirum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium moly'' L. (1753) * ''Allium monanthum'' Maxim. (1887) * ''Allium mongolicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium monophyllum'' Vved. ex Czerniak. (1930) * ''Allium montelburzense'' R.M.Fritsch, Salmaki & Zarre (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium montenegrinum'' Beck & Szyszyl * ''Allium montibaicalense'' N.Friesen (1992) * ''Allium monticola'' Davidson (1921) * ''Allium moschatum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium multibulbosum'' Jacq. (1773) * ''Allium multiflorum'' Desf. (1798) * ''Allium munzii'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium myrianthum'' Boiss. (1844) === N === * ''Allium nanodes'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium narcissiflorum'' Vill. (1779) * ''Allium nathaliae'' Seregin (2004) * ''Allium neapolitanum'' Cirillo (1788) * ''Allium nebrodense'' Guss. (1827) * ''Allium negevense'' Kollmann (1969) * ''Allium nemrutdaghense'' Kit Tan & Sorger (1986) * ''Allium neriniflorum'' (Herb.) G.Don (1855) * ''Allium nevadense'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium nevii'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium nevsehirense'' Koyuncu & Kollmann (1978 publ. 1979) * ''Allium nevskianum'' Vved. (1969) * ''Allium nigrum'' L. (1762) * ''Allium noeanum'' Reut. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium notabile'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium nuristanicum'' Kitam. (1958) * ''Allium nutans'' L. (1753) === O === * ''Allium obliquum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium obtusiflorum'' DC. (1805) * ''Allium obtusum'' Lemmon (1890) * ''Allium ochotense'' Prokh. (1929-1930 publ. 1930) * ''Allium oleraceum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium oliganthum'' Kar. & Kir. (1841) * ''Allium olivieri'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium oltense'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium olympicum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium omeiense'' Z.Y.Zhu, Bull. Bot. Res. (1989) * ''Allium opacum'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1950) * ''Allium ophiophyllum'' Vved., Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ., Ser. 8b (1928) * ''Allium oporinanthum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium oreodictyum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium oreophiloides'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium oreophilum'' C.A.Mey. (1831) * ''Allium oreoprasoides'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium oreoprasum'' Schrenk (1842) * ''Allium oreoscordum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium orientale'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium orunbaii'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium oschaninii'' O.Fedtsch. (1906) échalote grise * ''Allium ovalifolium'' Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien (1923 publ. 1924) * ''Allium ownbeyi'' Traub (1968) === P === * ''Allium paepalanthoides'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium palentinum'' Losa & P.Monts. (1953) * ''Allium pallasii'' Murray (1775) * ''Allium pallens'' L. (1762) * ''Allium pamiricum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium pangasicum'' Turak. (1986) * ''Allium paniculatum'' L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1759) * ''Allium panjaoense'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium papillare'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium paradoxum'' (M.Bieb.) G.Don (1827) * ''Allium parciflorum'' Viv., Fl. Cors. Prodr. (1825) * ''Allium pardoi'' Loscos (1877) * ''Allium parishii'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium parnassicum'' (Boiss.) Halácsy (1904) * ''Allium parryi'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium parvulum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium parvum'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium passeyi'' N.H.Holmgren & A.H.Holmgren (1974) * ''Allium pendulinum'' Ten. (1811) * ''Allium peninsulare'' Lemmon ex Greene (1888) * ''Allium pentadactyli'' Brullo, Pavone & G.Samp. (1989) * ''Allium perdulce'' S.V.Fraser (1939) * ''Allium permixtum'' Guss. (1827) * ''Allium peroninianum'' Azn. (1897) * ''Allium pervestitum'' Klokov (1950) * ''Allium petraeum'' Kar. & Kir. (1842) * ''Allium petri'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium pevtzovii'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium phalereum'' Heldr. & Sart. (1876) * ''Allium phanerantherum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium phariense'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium phitosianum'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium phrygium'' Boiss. & Balansa (1882) * ''Allium phthioticum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1882) * ''Allium pictistamineum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium pilosum'' Sm. (1819) * ''Allium platakisii'' Tzanoud. & Kypr. (1993) * ''Allium platycaule'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium platyspathum'' Schrenk (1841) * ''Allium plummerae'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium plurifoliatum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium podolicum'' Blocki ex Racib. & Szafer (1919) * ''Allium pogonotepalum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium polyanthum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium polyrhizum'' Turcz. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium ponticum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium popovii'' Vved. (1923) * ''[[Allium porrum]]'' (cultivar ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'') -- tongolo, tongoloherana * ''Allium potosiense'' Traub (1969) * ''Allium praecox'' Brandegee (1906) * ''Allium praemixtum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium prattii'' C.H.Wright, J. Linn. Soc. (1903) * ''Allium proliferum'' (Moench) Schrad. ex Wild * ''Allium proponticum'' Stearn & Özhatay (1977) * ''Allium prostratum'' Trevir. (1822) * ''Allium protensum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium pruinatum'' Link ex Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium przewalskianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium psebaicum'' Mikheev (2004) * ''Allium pseudoalbidum'' N.Friesen & Özhatay (1998) * ''Allium pseudoampeloprasum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium pseudobodeanum'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2002) * ''Allium pseudocalyptratum'' Mouterde (1953) * ''Allium pseudoflavum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium pseudophanerantherum'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1952) * ''Allium pseudostamineum'' Kollmann & Shmida (1977) * ''Allium pseudostrictum'' Albov (1895) * ''Allium pseudowinklerianum'' R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass. (2000) * ''Allium pskemense'' B.Fedtsch. (1905) * ''Allium pueblanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium pumilum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium punctum'' L.F.Hend. (1930) * ''Allium pustulosum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium pyrenaicum'' Costa & Vayr. (1877) === Q === * ''Allium qasyunense'' Mouterde (1953) === R === * ''Allium ramazanicum'' Parsa (1949) * ''Allium ramosum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium rausii'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium rechingeri'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium reconditum'' Pastor, Valdés & J.M.Muñoz (1983) * ''Allium regelianum'' Beck (1880) * ''Allium regelii'' Trautv. (1884) * ''Allium registanicum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium retrorsum'' (Özhatay & Kollmann) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2007) * ''Allium reuterianum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium rhabdotum'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium rhetoreanum'' Nábelek (1929) * ''Allium rhizomatum'' Wooton & Standl. (1913) * ''Allium rhodiacum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1992) * ''Allium rhodopeum'' Velen., Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. (1890) * ''Allium rhynchogynum'' Diels (1912) * ''Allium ritsi'' Iatroú & Tzanoud. (1995) * ''Allium robertianum'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium robinsonii'' L.F.Hend. (1930) * ''Allium roborowskianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium robustum'' Kar. & Kir. (1841) * ''Allium rollovii'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium rosenbachianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium rosenorum'' R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium roseum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium rothii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium rotundum'' L. (1762) * ''Allium rouyi'' Gaut. (1898) * ''Allium roylei'' Stearn (1947) * ''Allium rubellum'' M.Bieb. (1808) * ''Allium rubens'' Schrad. ex Willd. (1809) * ''Allium rubrovittatum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1854) * ''Allium rude'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium ruhmerianum'' Asch. ex E.A.Durand & Barratte (1910) * ''Allium runemarkii'' Trigas & Tzanoud. (2000) * ''Allium runyonii'' Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium rupestre'' Steven (1812) * ''Allium rupestristepposum'' N.Friesen (1992) * ''Allium rupicola'' Boiss. ex Mouterde (1966) === S === * ''Allium sabulosum'' Steven ex Bunge (1838) * ''Allium sabzakense'' Wendelbo (1971) * ''Allium sacculiferum'' Maxim. (1859) * ''Allium sairamense'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium salinum'' A.I.Baranov & Skvortsov (1965) * ''Allium samothracicum'' Tzanoud., Strid & Kit Tan, Portugaliae Act. Biol., Sér. B (2000) * ''Allium samurense'' Cholokashvili (1967) * ''Allium sanbornii'' Alph.Wood (1868) * ''Allium sandrasicum'' Kollmann, Özhatay & Bothmer (1983) * ''Allium sannineum'' Gomb. (1937 publ. 1938) * ''Allium saposhnikovii'' Nikitina (1962) * ''Allium sarawschanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''[[Allium sativum]]'' L. (1753) [[Tongolo gasy|tongologasy]] * ''Allium savii'' Parl. (1852) * ''Allium saxatile'' M.Bieb. (1798) * ''Allium scaberrimum'' M.Serres (1857) * ''Allium scabriflorum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium scabriscapum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium schachimardanicum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium schergianum'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium schischkinii'' Sobolevsk (1949) * ''Allium schmitzii'' Cout. (1896) * ''Allium schoenoprasoides'' Regel (1878) * ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' L. (1753) - [[tongoloravina]] * ''Allium schrenkii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium schubertii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium schugnanicum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium scilloides'' Douglas ex S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium scorodoprasum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium scorzonerifolium'' Desf. ex DC. (1804) * ''Allium scotostemon'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium scrobiculatum'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium semenovii'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium senescens'' L. (1753) * ''Allium sergii'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium serra'' McNeal & Ownbey (1977) * ''Allium setifolium'' Schrenk (1841) * ''Allium severtzovioides'' R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium sewerzowii'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium sharsmithiae'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium shatakiense'' Rech.f. (1939) * ''Allium shelkovnikovii'' Grossh. (1927) * ''Allium shevockii'' McNeal (1987) * ''Allium sibthorpianum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium siculum'' Ucria (1793) * ''Allium sieheanum'' Hausskn. ex Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium sikkimense'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium simillimum'' L.F.Hend. (1900) * ''Allium sinaiticum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium sindjarense'' Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium sinkiangense'' F.T.Wang & Y.C.Tang (1980) * ''Allium sintenisii'' Freyn (1892) * ''Allium siphonanthum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium sipyleum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium siskiyouense'' Munz & Keck ex Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium sivasicum'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium sochense'' R.M.Fritsch & Turak. (2002) * ''Allium songpanicum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium sordidiflorum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium sosnovskyanum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium spathaceum'' Steud. ex A.Rich. (1850) * ''Allium spathulatum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1998) * ''Allium speculae'' Ownbey & Aase (1959) * ''Allium sphaerocephalon'' L. (1753) * ''Allium spicatum'' (Prain) N.Friesen (2000) * ''Allium spirale'' Willd., Enum. Pl. (1814) * ''Allium spirophyllum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium splendens'' Willd. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium sprengeri'' Regel (1889) * ''Allium spurium'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium stamineum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium staticiforme'' Sm. (1809) * ''Allium stearnianum'' Koyuncu, Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium stellatum'' Nutt. ex Ker Gawl. (1813) * ''Allium stellerianum'' Willd. (1799) * ''Allium stenodon'' Nakai & Kitag. (1933 publ. 1934) * ''Allium stenopetalum'' Boiss. & Kotschy (1882) * ''Allium stephanophorum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium stipitatum'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium stocksianum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium stoloniferum'' Ownbey ex T.D.Jacobson (1979) * ''Allium stracheyi'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium strictum'' Schrad. (1809) * ''Allium struzlianum'' Ogan. (1999) * ''Allium stylosum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium suaveolens'' Jacq. (1789) * ''Allium subangulatum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium subhirsutum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium subnotabile'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium subteretifolium'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium subtilissimum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium subvillosum'' Salzm. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium sulphureum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium suworowii'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium svetlanae'' Vved. ex Filim. (1982) * ''Allium synnotii'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium szovitsii'' Regel (1875) === T === * ''Allium taciturnum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium taeniopetalum'' Popov & Vved. (1934) * ''Allium taishanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium talassicum'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium talijevii'' Klokov (1950) * ''Allium talyschense'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium tanguticum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tardans'' Greuter & Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium tardiflorum'' F.Kollmann & Shmida (1990 publ. 1991) * ''Allium tashkenticum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium tauricola'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium tchihatschewii'' Boiss. (1860) * ''Allium tekesicola'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tel-avivense'' Eig (1931) * ''Allium telaponense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium tenuicaule'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tenuiflorum'' Ten. (1811) * ''Allium tenuissimum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium teretifolium'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium texanum'' T.M.Howard (1990 publ. 1991) * ''Allium textile'' A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr. (1913) * ''Allium thessalicum'' Brullo & al. (1994) * ''Allium thunbergii'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium tianschanicum'' Rupr., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. (1869) * ''Allium togashii'' H.Hara (1953) * ''Allium tokaliense'' Kamelin & Levichev (1986) * ''Allium tolmiei'' Baker (1876) * ''Allium tourneuxii'' Chabert (1889) * ''Allium trachycoleum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium trachyscordum'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium transvestiens'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium traubii'' T.M.Howard (1967) * ''Allium trautvetterianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium tribracteatum'' Torr., Pacif. Railr. Rep. Parke (1857) * ''Allium trichocnemis'' J.Gay, Ann. Sci. Nat. (1847) * ''Allium tricoccum'' Sol. (1789) * ''Allium trifoliatum'' Cirillo (1792) * ''Allium trifurcatum'' (F.T.Wang & Tang) J.M.Xu (1991) * ''Allium tripedale'' Trautv. (1873) * ''Allium tripterum'' Nasir (1975) * ''Allium triquetrum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium truncatum'' (Feinbrun) F.Kollmann & D.Zohary (1986) * ''Allium tschimganicum'' B.Fedtsch. (1923) * ''Allium tschulaktavicum'' Bajtenov & Nelina, Izv. Natsion. Akad. Nauk Resp. Kazakhstan (1993 publ. 1994) * ''Allium tubergenii'' Freyn (1900) * ''Allium tuberosum'' Rottler ex Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium tubiflorum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium tuchalense'' F.O.Khass. & Noroozi (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium tulipifolium'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium tuncelianum'' (Kollmann) Özhatay, B.Mathew & Siraneci (1995) * ''Allium tuolumnense'' (Ownbey & Aase) S.S.Denison & McNeal (1989) * ''Allium turcicum'' Özhatay & Cowley (1994) * ''Allium turcomanicum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium turkestanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium turtschicum'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium tuvinicum'' (N.Friesen) N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium tytthanthum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium tytthocephalum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) === U === * ''Allium ubsicola'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium umbilicatum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium unifolium'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium urmiense'' Kamelin & Seisums (1996) * ''Allium ursinum'' L. (1753) ail des ours === V === * ''Allium valdesianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1996) * ''Allium valentinae'' Pavlov (1953) * ''Allium validum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium variegatum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium vasilevskajae'' Ogan. (2000) * ''Allium vavilovii'' Popov & Vved. (1932) * ''Allium verticillatum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium vescum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium victorialis'' L. (1753) * ''Allium victoris'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium vineale'' L. (1753) ail des vignes * ''Allium vinicolor'' Wendelbo (1973) * ''Allium virgunculae'' Maek. & Kitam. (1952) * ''Allium viridiflorum'' Pobed. (1949) * ''Allium viridulum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium vodopjanovae'' N.Friesen (1985) * ''Allium vvedenskyanum'' Pavlov (1949) === W === * ''Allium wallichii'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium warzobicum'' Kamelin (1980) * ''Allium weissii'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium wendelboanum'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium wendelboi'' Matin (1989) * ''Allium weschniakowii'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium wiedemannianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium willeanum'' Holmboe (1914) * ''Allium winklerianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium woronowii'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) === X === * ''Allium xiangchengense'' J.M.Xu (1993) * ''Allium xichuanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium xiphopetalum'' Aitch. & Baker, Trans. Linn. Soc. London (1888) === Y === * ''Allium yanchiense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium yongdengense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium yosemitense'' Eastw. (1934) * ''Allium yuanum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) === Z === * ''Allium zaissanicum'' Kotukhov (2003) * ''Allium zaprjagajevii'' Kasach (1973) * ''Allium zebdanense'' Boiss. & Noë (1859) * ''Allium zergericum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1994) === Karazana misy eto Madagasikara === Eto [[Madagasikara]], ny karazana ''Allium'' dia tsy ahitana karazana teratany. Nampidirina avokoa ny karazana misy izay ambolena indrindra hatao sakafo sy hampiasaina amin' ny fitsaboana nentim-paharazana. * ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' <small>L.</small> (karazana tongolodia) ** ''[[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum]]'' L. (← ''Allium porrum'' <small>L.</small>) – tongolo, tongoloherana * ''[[Allium cepa]]'' – tongolo, tongolobe ** [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'']] (← ''Allium ascalonicum'' <small>L.</small>) -- tongolomadinika * ''[[Allium fistulosum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongolomaitso * ''[[Allium neapolitanum]]'' <small>Cirillo</small> -- * ''[[Allium sativum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongologasy, tongolonkova, tongololay * ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongoloravina * ''[[Allium tuberosum]]'' <small>Rottler ex Spreng.</small> -- == Jereo koa == * [[Legioma]] * [[Anana]] * [[Tongologasy|Tongololay]] * [[Tongolobe]] * [[Tongoloravina|Tongoloraviny]] * [[Tongoloherana]] * [[Tongolomadinika]] [[Sokajy:Sakafo]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] gdobszcg7ybw0jul1l2a2xgvuyo15zo 1151348 1151347 2026-09-26T12:01:56Z Thelezifor 15140 1151348 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:RampBunch.png|vignette|''[[Allium tricoccum]]'']] Ny '''''Allium''''' dia vondron-karazan-javamaniry [[Angiospermae|mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Asparagales]]), teo aloha nosokajina tao amin' ny ''[[Liliaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Liliales]]). Amin' ny [[Fiteny malagasy|teny malagasy]] dia atao amin' ny ankapobeny hoe '''tongolo''' ny karazana ao aminy, indrindra ny azon' ny [[olombelona]] atao sakafo. Mahatratra eo anelanelan' ny 260 sy 690 miparitaka indrindra any [[Eorazia]] sy any [[Amerika Avaratra]] ny karazan' ny ''Allium''. Io no hany vondron-karazana ahitana karazany azo atao sakafo ao amin' ny ''Amaryllidaceae''. [[Sary:ARS red onion.jpg|vignette|[[Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'')]] Vondron-karazana manan-danja ao amin' ny fikarakarana sakafon' ny olombelona ny ''Allium'', izay ahitana zavamaniry fanao sakafo sy zava-manitra ary fanao fanafody maro. Anisan' io vondron-karazana io ny [[tongoloherana]] ([[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'']]), ny [[tongolobe]] (''[[Allium cepa]]''), ny [[Tongolo gasy|tongolo lay]] (''[[Allium sativum]]''), ny [[tongolomadinika]] (''[[Allium ascalonicum]]''), ny [[tongolo raviny]] (''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]''). Misy koa ny karazany fanao haingon-tanàna fa tsy fihinana. Ny ao amin' io vondron-karazana ''Allium'' io dia ahitana karazana maniry hoazy (tongolodia) marom hafa antsoina hoe ''tongolo'' ary ambolena hatao sakafo, toy ny ''Allium fistulosum'' sy ny ''Allium × proliferum'', ary ny ''Allium canadense''. Ampiasaina hanondroana karazana ''Allium'' maromaro ny anarana hoe ''tongolodia'', fa ny ''Allium'' ''cepa'' dia fantatra amin' ny fambolena azy. Ny karazana sasany dia manana, ankoatry ny fananahana mila [[lahimbony]] sy [[vavimbony]] amin' ny alalan' ny voa, dia misy koa ny fomba fampitomboana taranaka azy amin' ny alalan' ny vatany. == Lisitry ny karazana == [[Sary:Allium sativum. Restra de allos de Oroso- Galiza.jpg|vignette|[[Tongologasy|Tongololay]] (''Allium sativum'')]] Inty ny lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Allium'' araka ny ''[[World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]]'' (WCSP) <small>(</small><small>03 Jona 2010):</small> === A === * ''Allium aaseae'' Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium abramsii'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium acidoides'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium aciphyllum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium acuminatum'' Hook. (1838) * ''Allium acutiflorum'' Loisel. (1809) * ''Allium aegilicum'' Tzanoud. (2000) * ''Allium affine'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium afghanicum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium aflatunense'' B.Fedtsch. (1904) * ''Allium agrigentinum'' Brullo & Pavone (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium akaka'' S.G.Gmel. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium alabasicum'' Y.Z.Zhao (1992) * ''Allium alaicum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium albiflorum'' Omelczuk (1962) * ''Allium albotunicatum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium albovianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium alexandrae'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium alexeianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium alibile'' A.Rich. (1850) * ''Allium alpinarii'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium altaicum'' Pall. (1773) * ''Allium altissimum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium altoatlanticum'' Seregin (2006) * ''Allium altyncolicum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium amethystinum'' Tausch (1828) * ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' L. (1753) * ''Allium amphibolum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium amplectens'' Torr., Pacif. Railr. Rep. Parke (1857) * ''Allium anacoleum'' Hand.-Mazz. (1914) * ''Allium anatolicum'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium anceps'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium angulosum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium anisopodium'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium anisotepalum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium antalyense'' Eren, Çinbilgel & Parolly (2007) * ''Allium antonii-bolosii'' P.Palau (1953) * ''Allium anzalonei'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium apolloniensis'' Biel, Kit Tan & Tzanoud. (2006) * ''Allium apulum'' Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium archeotrichon'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1999) * ''Allium arkitense'' R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium arlgirdense'' Blakelock (1953) * ''Allium armenum'' Boiss. & Kotschy (1882) * ''Allium armerioides'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium aroides'' Popov & Vved. (1934) * ''Allium artemisietorum'' Eig & Feinbr., Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium asarense'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2001) * ''[[Allium ascalonicum]]'' L. (1756) - [[tongolomadinika]] * ''Allium aschersonianum'' Barbey (1882) * ''Allium asclepiadeum'' Bornm. (1917) * ''Allium asirense'' B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium asperiflorum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium assadii'' Seisums (2000) * ''Allium atropurpureum'' Waldst. & Kit. (1800) * ''Allium atrorubens'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium atrosanguineum'' Schrenk (1842) * ''Allium atroviolaceum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium aucheri'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium auriculatum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium austrokyushuense'' M.Hotta (1998) * ''Allium austrosibiricum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium autumnale'' P.H.Davis (1949) * ''Allium autumniflorum'' F.O.Khass. & Akhani (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium azaurenum'' Gomb. (1963) * ''Allium azutavicum'' Kotukhov (2003) === B === * ''Allium backhousianum'' Regel (1885) * ''Allium baekdusanense'' Y.N.Lee (2005) * ''Allium baeticum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium bajtulinii'' Baitenov & I.I.Kamenetskaya (1990) * ''Allium bakhtiaricum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium balansae'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium baluchistanicum'' Wendelbo (1963) * ''Allium barsczewskii'' Lipsky (1900) * ''Allium barthianum'' Asch. & Schweinf. (1893) * ''Allium bassitense'' J.Thiébaut (1948) * ''Allium baytopiorum'' Kollmann & Özhatay (1983) * ''Allium beesianum'' W.W.Sm. (1914) * ''Allium bellulum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium bidentatum'' Fisch. ex Prokh. & Ikonn.-Gal. (1929) * ''Allium bigelowii'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium birkinshawii'' Mouterde (1970) * ''Allium bisceptrum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium blandum'' Wall. (1832) * ''Allium blomfieldianum'' Asch. & Schweinf. (1893) * ''Allium boissieri'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium bolanderi'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium bornmuelleri'' Hayek (1925) * ''Allium borszczowii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium botschantzevii'' Kamelin (1976) * ''Allium bourgeaui'' Rech.f. (1936) * ''Allium brachyodon'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium brachyscapum'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium brachyspathum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (2001) * ''Allium bracteolatum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium brandegeei'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium brevicaule'' Boiss. & Balansa (1859) * ''Allium brevidens'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium brevidentatum'' F.Z.Li, Bull. Bot. Res. (1986) * ''Allium brevidentiforme'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium brevipes'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium breviradium'' (Halácsy) Stearn (1978) * ''Allium breviscapum'' Stapf, Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. (1885) * ''Allium brevistylum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium brulloi'' Salmeri (1998) * ''Allium brussalisii'' Tzanoud. & Kypr. (2008) * ''Allium bucharicum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium bungei'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium burjaticum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium burlewii'' Davidson (1916) === C === * ''Allium caeruleum'' Pall. (1773) * ''Allium caesioides'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium caesium'' Schrenk (1844) * ''Allium caespitosum'' Siev. ex Bong. & C.A. Mey. (1841) * ''Allium calabrum'' (N.Terracc.) Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1994) * ''Allium calamarophilon'' Phitos & Tzanoud. (1981) * ''Allium callidyction'' C.A.Mey. ex Kunth (1843) * ''Allium callimischon'' Link (1834) * ''Allium calocephalum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium calyptratum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium campanulatum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium canadense'' L. (1753) * ''Allium candargyi'' Karavok. & Tzanoud. (1994 publ. 1995) * ''Allium candolleanum'' Albov (1895) * ''Allium capitellatum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium cappadocicum'' Boiss. & Balansa (1882) * ''Allium caput-medusae'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium cardiostemon'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (1840) * ''Allium carinatum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium carmeli'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium caroli-henrici'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium carolinianum'' DC. (1804) * ''Allium caspium'' (Pall.) M.Bieb. (1808) * ''Allium cassium'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium castellanense'' (Garbari, Miceli & Raimondo) Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium cathodicarpum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''[[Allium cepa]]'' L. (1753) - [[tongolobe]] * ''Allium cernuum'' Roth (1798) * ''Allium chalcophengos'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium chalkii'' Tzanoud. & Kollmann (1991 publ. 1990) * ''Allium chamaemoly'' L. (1753) * ''Allium chamaespathum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium chamarense'' M.M.Ivanova (1965) * ''Allium changduense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium chelotum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium chienchuanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium chinense'' G.Don (1827) rakkyo * ''Allium chitralicum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium chiwui'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium chloranthum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium chloroneurum'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium chodsha-bakirganicum'' Gaffarov & Turak. (1991) * ''Allium choriotepalum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium chrysantherum'' Boiss. & Reut. (1882) * ''Allium chrysanthum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium chrysocephalum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium chrysonemum'' Stearn (1978) * ''Allium circassicum'' Kolak. (1955) * ''Allium circinatum'' Sieber (1823) * ''Allium circumflexum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium cisferganense'' R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium clathratum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium clausum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium colchicifolium'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium columbianum'' (Ownbey & Mingrone) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg (1988) * ''Allium commutatum'' Guss. (1855) * ''Allium condensatum'' Turcz. (1854) * ''Allium confragosum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium consanguineum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium constrictum'' (Mingrone & Ownbey) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg (1988) * ''Allium convallarioides'' Grossh. (1924) * ''Allium x cornutum'' Clementi (1841) * ''Allium corsicum'' Jauzein & al. (2002) * ''Allium coryi'' M.E.Jones (1930) * ''Allium costatovaginatum'' Kamelin & Levichev (1986) * ''Allium crameri'' Asch. & Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium cratericola'' Eastw. (1934) * ''Allium crenulatum'' Wiegand (1899) * ''Allium crispum'' Greene (1888) * ''Allium cristophii'' Trautv. (1884) * ''Allium croaticum'' Bogdanovic, Brullo, Mitic & Salmeri (2008) * ''Allium crystallinum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium cucullatum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium cupani'' Raf. (1810) * ''Allium cupuliferum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium curtum'' Boiss. & Gaill. (1859) * ''Allium cuthbertii'' Small (1903) * ''Allium cyaneum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium cyathophorum'' Bureau & Franch. (1891) * ''Allium cyprium'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium cyrilli'' Ten. (1827) * ''Allium czelghauricum'' Bordz. (1912) === D === * ''Allium daghestanicum'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium damascenum'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium daninianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1996) * ''Allium darwasicum'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium dasyphyllum'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium decaisnei'' C.Presl (1845) * ''Allium deciduum'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium decipiens'' Fisch. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium delicatulum'' Siev. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium deltoidefistulosum'' S.O.Yu, S.Lee & W.T.Lee (1981) * ''Allium dentiferum'' Webb & Berthel. (1848) * ''Allium dentigerum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium denudatum'' F.Delaroche (1812) * ''Allium derderianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium deserti-syriaci'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium desertorum'' Forssk. (1775) * ''Allium diabolense'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium dichlamydeum'' Greene (1888) * ''Allium dictuon'' H.St.John (1937) * ''Allium dictyoprasum'' C.A.Mey. ex Kunth (1843) * ''Allium dictyoscordum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium dilatatum'' Zahar. (1977) * ''Allium dinsmorei'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1952) * ''Allium diomedeum'' Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium dirphianum'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium djimilense'' Boiss. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium dodecadontum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium dodecanesi'' Karavok. & Tzanoud. (1994 publ. 1995) * ''Allium dolichomischum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium dolichostylum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium douglasii'' Hook. (1838) * ''Allium drepanophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium drobovii'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium drummondii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium drusorum'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium dumetorum'' Feinbrun & Szel., Palestine J. Bot. (1948) * ''Allium durangoense'' Traub (1968) === E === * ''Allium ebusitanum'' Font Quer (1924) * ''Allium eduardii'' Stearn ex Airy Shaw (1946) * ''Allium egorovae'' M.V.Agab. & Ogan. (2000) * ''Allium eivissanum'' Garbari & Miceli (1987) * ''Allium elburzense'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium eldivanense'' Özhatay (1986) * ''Allium elegans'' Drobow (1917) * ''Allium elegantulum'' Kitag. (1933 publ. 1935) * ''Allium ellisii'' Hook.f. (1903) * ''Allium elmaliense'' Deniz & Sümbül (2004) * ''Allium elmendorfii'' M.E.Jones ex Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium enginii'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium erdelii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium eremoprasum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium ericetorum'' Thore (1803) * ''Allium eriocoleum'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium ertugrulii'' Demir. & Uysal (2007 publ. 2008) * ''Allium erubescens'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium erythraeum'' Griseb. (1846) * ''Allium esfandiarii'' Matin (1989) * ''Allium euboicum'' Rech.f. (1961) * ''Allium eugenii'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium eurotophilum'' Wiggins (1933) * ''Allium eusperma'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium exaltatum'' (Meikle) Brullo, Pavone, Salmeri & Venora (2004) * ''Allium exile'' Boiss. & Orph. (1859) === F === * ''Allium falcifolium'' Hook. & Arn. (1840) * ''Allium fanjingshanense'' C.D.Yang & G.Q.Gou (2008) * ''Allium fantasmasense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium farctum'' Wendelbo (1967) * ''Allium fasciculatum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium favosum'' Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium fedtschenkoi'' Nábelek (1929) * ''Allium feinbergii'' Oppenh. (1940) * ''Allium ferganicum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium fethiyense'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium fetisowii'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium fibriferum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium fibrillum'' M.E.Jones ex Abrams (1922) * ''Allium filidens'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium filidentiforme'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium fimbriatum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium fistulosum'' L. (1753) ciboule * ''Allium flavellum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium flavescens'' Besser (1821) * ''Allium flavidum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium flavovirens'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium flavum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium flexuosum'' d'Urv. (1822) * ''Allium forrestii'' Diels (1912) * ''Allium franciniae'' Brullo & Pavone (1983) * ''Allium fraseri'' (Ownbey) Shinners (1951) * ''Allium frigidum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1854) * ''Allium fritschii'' F.O.Khass. & Yengal. (1997) * ''Allium funckiifolium'' Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien (1920) * ''Allium fuscoviolaceum'' Fomin (1909) * ''Allium fuscum'' Waldst. & Kit. (1807) === G === * ''Allium galanthum'' Kar. & Kir. (1842) * ''Allium galileum'' Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2008) * ''Allium garbarii'' Peruzzi (2007) * ''Allium geyeri'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium giganteum'' Regel (1883) * ''Allium gilgiticum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium gillii'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium glaciale'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium glandulosum'' Link & Otto (1828) * ''Allium glomeratum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium glumaceum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium goekyigitii'' Ekim, H.Duman & Güner (1999) * ''Allium goloskokovii'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium gomphrenoides'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1846) * ''Allium gooddingii'' Ownbey (1949) * ''Allium gorumsense'' (Regel) Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium goulimyi'' Tzanoud. (1983) * ''Allium gracillimum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium gramineum'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium grande'' Lipsky (1894) * ''Allium greuteri'' Brullo & Pavone (1983) * ''Allium griffithianum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium grisellum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium grosii'' Font Quer (1924) * ''Allium guanxianense'' J.M.Xu (1993) * ''Allium guatemalense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium gubanovii'' Kamelin, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1980) * ''Allium guicciardii'' Heldr. (1876) * ''Allium gunibicum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium gusaricum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium guttatum'' Steven (1809) * ''Allium gypsaceum'' Popov & Vved. (1924) * ''Allium gypsodictyum'' Vved. (1941) === H === * ''Allium haemanthoides'' Boiss. & Reut. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium haematochiton'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium hamrinense'' Hand.-Mazz. (1914) * ''Allium haneltii'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1998) * ''Allium hedgei'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium heldreichii'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium helicophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium hemisphaericum'' (Sommier) Brullo (1988) * ''Allium henryi'' C.H.Wright (1895) * ''Allium herderianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium hermoneum'' (Kollmann & Shmida) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2007) * ''Allium heteronema'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1980) * ''Allium hexaceras'' Vved. (1963) * ''Allium hickmanii'' Eastw. (1903) * ''Allium hierosolymorum'' Regel (1890) * ''Allium hindukuschense'' Kamelin & Seisums (1996) * ''Allium hintoniorum'' B.L.Turner (1993 publ. 1994) * ''Allium hirtovaginatum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium hirtovaginum'' Candargy (1897) * ''Allium hissaricum'' Vved. (1963) * ''Allium hoffmanii'' Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium hollandicum'' R.M.Fritsch (1993) * ''Allium hookeri'' Thwaites (1864) * ''Allium hooshidaryae'' Mashayekhi, Zarre & R.M.Fritsch (2005) * ''Allium horvatii'' Lovric (1971 publ. 1972) * ''Allium howellii'' Eastw. (1938) * ''Allium huber-morathii'' Kollmann, Özhatay & Koyuncu (1983) * ''Allium humile'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium huntiae'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium hyalinum'' Curran (1885) * ''Allium hymenorhizum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium hymettium'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1859) * ''Allium hypsistum'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) === I === * ''Allium ilgazense'' Özhatay (1986) * ''Allium iliense'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium inaequale'' Janka (1860) * ''Allium inconspicuum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium incrustatum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium inderiense'' Fisch. ex Bunge (1838) * ''Allium inops'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium insubricum'' Boiss. & Reut. (1857) * ''Allium insufficiens'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium integerrimum'' Zahar. (1977) * ''Allium inutile'' Makino (1898) * ''Allium ionandrum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium ionicum'' Brullo & Tzanoud. (1994) * ''Allium iranicum'' (Wendelbo) Wendelbo (1985) * ''Allium isakulii'' R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass. (2000) * ''Allium isauricum'' Hub.-Mor. & Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium isfairamicum'' B.Fedtsch. (1906) * ''Allium ivasczenkoae'' Kotukhov (2003) === J === * ''Allium jacquemontii'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium jaxarticum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium jepsonii'' (Ownbey & Aase) S.S.Denison & McNeal (1989) * ''Allium jesdianum'' Boiss. & Buhse (1860) * ''Allium jodanthum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium joharchii'' F.O.Khass. & Memariani (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium jubatum'' J.F.Macbr. (1918) * ''Allium jucundum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium juldusicola'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium julianum'' Brullo, Gangale & Uzunov (2007) * ''Allium junceum'' Sm. (1809) === K === * ''Allium karacae'' Koyuncu (1994) * ''Allium karamanoglui'' Koyuncu & Kollmann (1978 publ. 1979) * ''Allium karataviense'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium karelinii'' Poljakov (1950) * ''Allium karistanum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium karyeteini'' Post (1895) * ''Allium kaschianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium kastambulense'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium kasteki'' Popov, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1938) * ''Allium kazerouni'' Parsa (1949) * ''Allium kermesinum'' Rchb. (1848) * ''Allium kharputense'' Freyn & Sint. (1892) * ''Allium kingdonii'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium kirindicum'' Bornm. (1915) * ''Allium koelzii'' (Wendelbo) Perss. & Wendelbo (1979) * ''Allium koenigianum'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium kokanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium kollmannianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1991) * ''Allium komarowii'' Lipsky (1900) * ''Allium kopetdagense'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium koreanum'' H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh (2004) * ''Allium korolkowii'' Regel (1873) * ''Allium kossoricum'' Fomin (1909) * ''Allium kotschyi'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium koyuncui'' H.Duman & Özhatay (2000 publ. 2001) * ''Allium kuhsorkhense'' R.M.Fritsch & Joharchi (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium kujukense'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium kunthianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium kuramense'' F.O.Khass. & N.V.Friesen (1998) * ''Allium kurssanovii'' Popov, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1938) * ''Allium kurtzianum'' Asch. & Sint. ex Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium kysylkumi'' Kamelin (1980) === L === * ''Allium lachnophyllum'' Paine (1875) * ''Allium lacunosum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium lagarophyllum'' Brullo, Pavone & Tzanoud. (1993) * ''Allium lalesaricum'' Freyn & Bornm. (1900) * ''Allium lamondiae'' Wendelbo (1967) * ''Allium lasiophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium latifolium'' Jaub. & Spach (1844) * ''Allium ledebourianum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium lefkarense'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium lehmannianum'' Merckl. ex Bunge (1851) * ''Allium lehmannii'' Lojac. (1909) * ''Allium lemmonii'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium lenkoranicum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium leptomorphum'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium leucanthum'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium leucocephalum'' Turcz. ex Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium leucosphaerum'' Aitch. & Baker, Trans. Linn. Soc. London (1886) * ''Allium libani'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium lilacinum'' Klotzsch (1862) * ''Allium lineare'' L. (1753) * ''Allium linearifolium'' H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh (2003) * ''Allium lipskyanum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium listera'' Stearn (1934) * ''Allium litorale'' Konta, Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo (2005) * ''Allium litvinovii'' Drobow ex Vved. (1971) * ''Allium lojaconoi'' Brullo, Lanfr. & Pavone (1982) * ''Allium longanum'' Pamp. (1912) * ''Allium longicollum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium longifolium'' (Kunth) Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium longipapillatum'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium longiradiatum'' (Regel) Vved. (1923) * ''Allium longisepalum'' Bertol. (1842) * ''Allium longistylum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium longivaginatum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium lopadusanum'' Bartolo, Brullo & Pavone (1986) * ''Allium loratum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium lusitanicum'' Lam. (1783) * ''Allium luteolum'' Halácsy (1904) * ''Allium lutescens'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium lycaonicum'' Siehe ex Hayek (1914) === M === * ''Allium maackii'' (Maxim.) Prokh. ex Kom. (1931) * ''Allium macedonicum'' Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium machmelianum'' Post (1892) * ''Allium macleanii'' Baker (1883) * ''Allium macranthum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium macrochaetum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium macropetalum'' Rydb. (1904) * ''Allium macrostemon'' Bunge (1833) * ''Allium macrostylum'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium macrum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium madidum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium mairei'' H.Lév. (1909) * ''Allium majus'' Vved. (1941) * ''Allium malyschevii'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium maniaticum'' Brullo & Tzanoud. (1989) * ''Allium mannii'' Traub & T.M.Howard (1968) * ''Allium maowenense'' J.M.Xu (1994) * ''Allium marathasicum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium mareoticum'' Bornm. & Gauba (1933) * ''Allium margaritae'' B.Fedtsch. (1918) * ''Allium margaritiferum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium marginatum'' Janka (1884) * ''Allium mariae'' Bordz. (1915) * ''Allium marschalianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium massaessylum'' Batt. & Trab. (1892) * ''Allium materculae'' Bordz. (1915) * ''Allium maximowiczii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium megalobulbon'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium melanantherum'' Pancic (1883) * ''Allium melananthum'' Coincy (1895) * ''Allium melitense'' (Sommier & Caruana ex Borg) Cif. & Giacom. (1950) * ''Allium melliferum'' Traub (1972) * ''Allium membranaceum'' Munz & Keck ex Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium meteoricum'' Heldr. & Hausskn. (1904) * ''Allium mexicanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium michoacanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium micranthum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium microdictyon'' Prokh. (1929-1930 publ. 1930) * ''Allium microspathum'' Ekberg (1969) * ''Allium minutiflorum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium minutum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium mirum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium moly'' L. (1753) * ''Allium monanthum'' Maxim. (1887) * ''Allium mongolicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium monophyllum'' Vved. ex Czerniak. (1930) * ''Allium montelburzense'' R.M.Fritsch, Salmaki & Zarre (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium montenegrinum'' Beck & Szyszyl * ''Allium montibaicalense'' N.Friesen (1992) * ''Allium monticola'' Davidson (1921) * ''Allium moschatum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium multibulbosum'' Jacq. (1773) * ''Allium multiflorum'' Desf. (1798) * ''Allium munzii'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium myrianthum'' Boiss. (1844) === N === * ''Allium nanodes'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium narcissiflorum'' Vill. (1779) * ''Allium nathaliae'' Seregin (2004) * ''Allium neapolitanum'' Cirillo (1788) * ''Allium nebrodense'' Guss. (1827) * ''Allium negevense'' Kollmann (1969) * ''Allium nemrutdaghense'' Kit Tan & Sorger (1986) * ''Allium neriniflorum'' (Herb.) G.Don (1855) * ''Allium nevadense'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium nevii'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium nevsehirense'' Koyuncu & Kollmann (1978 publ. 1979) * ''Allium nevskianum'' Vved. (1969) * ''Allium nigrum'' L. (1762) * ''Allium noeanum'' Reut. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium notabile'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium nuristanicum'' Kitam. (1958) * ''Allium nutans'' L. (1753) === O === * ''Allium obliquum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium obtusiflorum'' DC. (1805) * ''Allium obtusum'' Lemmon (1890) * ''Allium ochotense'' Prokh. (1929-1930 publ. 1930) * ''Allium oleraceum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium oliganthum'' Kar. & Kir. (1841) * ''Allium olivieri'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium oltense'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium olympicum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium omeiense'' Z.Y.Zhu, Bull. Bot. Res. (1989) * ''Allium opacum'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1950) * ''Allium ophiophyllum'' Vved., Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ., Ser. 8b (1928) * ''Allium oporinanthum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium oreodictyum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium oreophiloides'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium oreophilum'' C.A.Mey. (1831) * ''Allium oreoprasoides'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium oreoprasum'' Schrenk (1842) * ''Allium oreoscordum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium orientale'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium orunbaii'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium oschaninii'' O.Fedtsch. (1906) échalote grise * ''Allium ovalifolium'' Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien (1923 publ. 1924) * ''Allium ownbeyi'' Traub (1968) === P === * ''Allium paepalanthoides'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium palentinum'' Losa & P.Monts. (1953) * ''Allium pallasii'' Murray (1775) * ''Allium pallens'' L. (1762) * ''Allium pamiricum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium pangasicum'' Turak. (1986) * ''Allium paniculatum'' L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1759) * ''Allium panjaoense'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium papillare'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium paradoxum'' (M.Bieb.) G.Don (1827) * ''Allium parciflorum'' Viv., Fl. Cors. Prodr. (1825) * ''Allium pardoi'' Loscos (1877) * ''Allium parishii'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium parnassicum'' (Boiss.) Halácsy (1904) * ''Allium parryi'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium parvulum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium parvum'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium passeyi'' N.H.Holmgren & A.H.Holmgren (1974) * ''Allium pendulinum'' Ten. (1811) * ''Allium peninsulare'' Lemmon ex Greene (1888) * ''Allium pentadactyli'' Brullo, Pavone & G.Samp. (1989) * ''Allium perdulce'' S.V.Fraser (1939) * ''Allium permixtum'' Guss. (1827) * ''Allium peroninianum'' Azn. (1897) * ''Allium pervestitum'' Klokov (1950) * ''Allium petraeum'' Kar. & Kir. (1842) * ''Allium petri'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium pevtzovii'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium phalereum'' Heldr. & Sart. (1876) * ''Allium phanerantherum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium phariense'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium phitosianum'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium phrygium'' Boiss. & Balansa (1882) * ''Allium phthioticum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1882) * ''Allium pictistamineum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium pilosum'' Sm. (1819) * ''Allium platakisii'' Tzanoud. & Kypr. (1993) * ''Allium platycaule'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium platyspathum'' Schrenk (1841) * ''Allium plummerae'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium plurifoliatum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium podolicum'' Blocki ex Racib. & Szafer (1919) * ''Allium pogonotepalum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium polyanthum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium polyrhizum'' Turcz. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium ponticum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium popovii'' Vved. (1923) * ''[[Allium porrum]]'' (cultivar ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'') -- tongolo, tongoloherana * ''Allium potosiense'' Traub (1969) * ''Allium praecox'' Brandegee (1906) * ''Allium praemixtum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium prattii'' C.H.Wright, J. Linn. Soc. (1903) * ''Allium proliferum'' (Moench) Schrad. ex Wild * ''Allium proponticum'' Stearn & Özhatay (1977) * ''Allium prostratum'' Trevir. (1822) * ''Allium protensum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium pruinatum'' Link ex Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium przewalskianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium psebaicum'' Mikheev (2004) * ''Allium pseudoalbidum'' N.Friesen & Özhatay (1998) * ''Allium pseudoampeloprasum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium pseudobodeanum'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2002) * ''Allium pseudocalyptratum'' Mouterde (1953) * ''Allium pseudoflavum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium pseudophanerantherum'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1952) * ''Allium pseudostamineum'' Kollmann & Shmida (1977) * ''Allium pseudostrictum'' Albov (1895) * ''Allium pseudowinklerianum'' R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass. (2000) * ''Allium pskemense'' B.Fedtsch. (1905) * ''Allium pueblanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium pumilum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium punctum'' L.F.Hend. (1930) * ''Allium pustulosum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium pyrenaicum'' Costa & Vayr. (1877) === Q === * ''Allium qasyunense'' Mouterde (1953) === R === * ''Allium ramazanicum'' Parsa (1949) * ''Allium ramosum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium rausii'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium rechingeri'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium reconditum'' Pastor, Valdés & J.M.Muñoz (1983) * ''Allium regelianum'' Beck (1880) * ''Allium regelii'' Trautv. (1884) * ''Allium registanicum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium retrorsum'' (Özhatay & Kollmann) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2007) * ''Allium reuterianum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium rhabdotum'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium rhetoreanum'' Nábelek (1929) * ''Allium rhizomatum'' Wooton & Standl. (1913) * ''Allium rhodiacum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1992) * ''Allium rhodopeum'' Velen., Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. (1890) * ''Allium rhynchogynum'' Diels (1912) * ''Allium ritsi'' Iatroú & Tzanoud. (1995) * ''Allium robertianum'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium robinsonii'' L.F.Hend. (1930) * ''Allium roborowskianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium robustum'' Kar. & Kir. (1841) * ''Allium rollovii'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium rosenbachianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium rosenorum'' R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium roseum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium rothii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium rotundum'' L. (1762) * ''Allium rouyi'' Gaut. (1898) * ''Allium roylei'' Stearn (1947) * ''Allium rubellum'' M.Bieb. (1808) * ''Allium rubens'' Schrad. ex Willd. (1809) * ''Allium rubrovittatum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1854) * ''Allium rude'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium ruhmerianum'' Asch. ex E.A.Durand & Barratte (1910) * ''Allium runemarkii'' Trigas & Tzanoud. (2000) * ''Allium runyonii'' Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium rupestre'' Steven (1812) * ''Allium rupestristepposum'' N.Friesen (1992) * ''Allium rupicola'' Boiss. ex Mouterde (1966) === S === * ''Allium sabulosum'' Steven ex Bunge (1838) * ''Allium sabzakense'' Wendelbo (1971) * ''Allium sacculiferum'' Maxim. (1859) * ''Allium sairamense'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium salinum'' A.I.Baranov & Skvortsov (1965) * ''Allium samothracicum'' Tzanoud., Strid & Kit Tan, Portugaliae Act. Biol., Sér. B (2000) * ''Allium samurense'' Cholokashvili (1967) * ''Allium sanbornii'' Alph.Wood (1868) * ''Allium sandrasicum'' Kollmann, Özhatay & Bothmer (1983) * ''Allium sannineum'' Gomb. (1937 publ. 1938) * ''Allium saposhnikovii'' Nikitina (1962) * ''Allium sarawschanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''[[Allium sativum]]'' L. (1753) [[Tongolo gasy|tongologasy]] * ''Allium savii'' Parl. (1852) * ''Allium saxatile'' M.Bieb. (1798) * ''Allium scaberrimum'' M.Serres (1857) * ''Allium scabriflorum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium scabriscapum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium schachimardanicum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium schergianum'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium schischkinii'' Sobolevsk (1949) * ''Allium schmitzii'' Cout. (1896) * ''Allium schoenoprasoides'' Regel (1878) * ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' L. (1753) - [[tongoloravina]] * ''Allium schrenkii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium schubertii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium schugnanicum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium scilloides'' Douglas ex S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium scorodoprasum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium scorzonerifolium'' Desf. ex DC. (1804) * ''Allium scotostemon'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium scrobiculatum'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium semenovii'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium senescens'' L. (1753) * ''Allium sergii'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium serra'' McNeal & Ownbey (1977) * ''Allium setifolium'' Schrenk (1841) * ''Allium severtzovioides'' R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium sewerzowii'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium sharsmithiae'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium shatakiense'' Rech.f. (1939) * ''Allium shelkovnikovii'' Grossh. (1927) * ''Allium shevockii'' McNeal (1987) * ''Allium sibthorpianum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium siculum'' Ucria (1793) * ''Allium sieheanum'' Hausskn. ex Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium sikkimense'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium simillimum'' L.F.Hend. (1900) * ''Allium sinaiticum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium sindjarense'' Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium sinkiangense'' F.T.Wang & Y.C.Tang (1980) * ''Allium sintenisii'' Freyn (1892) * ''Allium siphonanthum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium sipyleum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium siskiyouense'' Munz & Keck ex Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium sivasicum'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium sochense'' R.M.Fritsch & Turak. (2002) * ''Allium songpanicum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium sordidiflorum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium sosnovskyanum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium spathaceum'' Steud. ex A.Rich. (1850) * ''Allium spathulatum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1998) * ''Allium speculae'' Ownbey & Aase (1959) * ''Allium sphaerocephalon'' L. (1753) * ''Allium spicatum'' (Prain) N.Friesen (2000) * ''Allium spirale'' Willd., Enum. Pl. (1814) * ''Allium spirophyllum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium splendens'' Willd. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium sprengeri'' Regel (1889) * ''Allium spurium'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium stamineum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium staticiforme'' Sm. (1809) * ''Allium stearnianum'' Koyuncu, Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium stellatum'' Nutt. ex Ker Gawl. (1813) * ''Allium stellerianum'' Willd. (1799) * ''Allium stenodon'' Nakai & Kitag. (1933 publ. 1934) * ''Allium stenopetalum'' Boiss. & Kotschy (1882) * ''Allium stephanophorum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium stipitatum'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium stocksianum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium stoloniferum'' Ownbey ex T.D.Jacobson (1979) * ''Allium stracheyi'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium strictum'' Schrad. (1809) * ''Allium struzlianum'' Ogan. (1999) * ''Allium stylosum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium suaveolens'' Jacq. (1789) * ''Allium subangulatum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium subhirsutum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium subnotabile'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium subteretifolium'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium subtilissimum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium subvillosum'' Salzm. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium sulphureum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium suworowii'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium svetlanae'' Vved. ex Filim. (1982) * ''Allium synnotii'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium szovitsii'' Regel (1875) === T === * ''Allium taciturnum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium taeniopetalum'' Popov & Vved. (1934) * ''Allium taishanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium talassicum'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium talijevii'' Klokov (1950) * ''Allium talyschense'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium tanguticum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tardans'' Greuter & Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium tardiflorum'' F.Kollmann & Shmida (1990 publ. 1991) * ''Allium tashkenticum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium tauricola'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium tchihatschewii'' Boiss. (1860) * ''Allium tekesicola'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tel-avivense'' Eig (1931) * ''Allium telaponense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium tenuicaule'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tenuiflorum'' Ten. (1811) * ''Allium tenuissimum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium teretifolium'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium texanum'' T.M.Howard (1990 publ. 1991) * ''Allium textile'' A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr. (1913) * ''Allium thessalicum'' Brullo & al. (1994) * ''Allium thunbergii'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium tianschanicum'' Rupr., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. (1869) * ''Allium togashii'' H.Hara (1953) * ''Allium tokaliense'' Kamelin & Levichev (1986) * ''Allium tolmiei'' Baker (1876) * ''Allium tourneuxii'' Chabert (1889) * ''Allium trachycoleum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium trachyscordum'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium transvestiens'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium traubii'' T.M.Howard (1967) * ''Allium trautvetterianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium tribracteatum'' Torr., Pacif. Railr. Rep. Parke (1857) * ''Allium trichocnemis'' J.Gay, Ann. Sci. Nat. (1847) * ''Allium tricoccum'' Sol. (1789) * ''Allium trifoliatum'' Cirillo (1792) * ''Allium trifurcatum'' (F.T.Wang & Tang) J.M.Xu (1991) * ''Allium tripedale'' Trautv. (1873) * ''Allium tripterum'' Nasir (1975) * ''Allium triquetrum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium truncatum'' (Feinbrun) F.Kollmann & D.Zohary (1986) * ''Allium tschimganicum'' B.Fedtsch. (1923) * ''Allium tschulaktavicum'' Bajtenov & Nelina, Izv. Natsion. Akad. Nauk Resp. Kazakhstan (1993 publ. 1994) * ''Allium tubergenii'' Freyn (1900) * ''Allium tuberosum'' Rottler ex Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium tubiflorum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium tuchalense'' F.O.Khass. & Noroozi (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium tulipifolium'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium tuncelianum'' (Kollmann) Özhatay, B.Mathew & Siraneci (1995) * ''Allium tuolumnense'' (Ownbey & Aase) S.S.Denison & McNeal (1989) * ''Allium turcicum'' Özhatay & Cowley (1994) * ''Allium turcomanicum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium turkestanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium turtschicum'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium tuvinicum'' (N.Friesen) N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium tytthanthum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium tytthocephalum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) === U === * ''Allium ubsicola'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium umbilicatum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium unifolium'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium urmiense'' Kamelin & Seisums (1996) * ''Allium ursinum'' L. (1753) ail des ours === V === * ''Allium valdesianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1996) * ''Allium valentinae'' Pavlov (1953) * ''Allium validum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium variegatum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium vasilevskajae'' Ogan. (2000) * ''Allium vavilovii'' Popov & Vved. (1932) * ''Allium verticillatum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium vescum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium victorialis'' L. (1753) * ''Allium victoris'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium vineale'' L. (1753) ail des vignes * ''Allium vinicolor'' Wendelbo (1973) * ''Allium virgunculae'' Maek. & Kitam. (1952) * ''Allium viridiflorum'' Pobed. (1949) * ''Allium viridulum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium vodopjanovae'' N.Friesen (1985) * ''Allium vvedenskyanum'' Pavlov (1949) === W === * ''Allium wallichii'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium warzobicum'' Kamelin (1980) * ''Allium weissii'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium wendelboanum'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium wendelboi'' Matin (1989) * ''Allium weschniakowii'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium wiedemannianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium willeanum'' Holmboe (1914) * ''Allium winklerianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium woronowii'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) === X === * ''Allium xiangchengense'' J.M.Xu (1993) * ''Allium xichuanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium xiphopetalum'' Aitch. & Baker, Trans. Linn. Soc. London (1888) === Y === * ''Allium yanchiense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium yongdengense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium yosemitense'' Eastw. (1934) * ''Allium yuanum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) === Z === * ''Allium zaissanicum'' Kotukhov (2003) * ''Allium zaprjagajevii'' Kasach (1973) * ''Allium zebdanense'' Boiss. & Noë (1859) * ''Allium zergericum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1994) === Karazana misy eto Madagasikara === Eto [[Madagasikara]], ny karazana ''Allium'' dia tsy ahitana karazana teratany. Nampidirina avokoa ny karazana misy izay ambolena indrindra hatao [[sakafo]] sy hampiasaina amin' ny [[fitsaboana nentim-paharazana]]. * ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' <small>L.</small> (karazana tongolodia) ** ''[[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum]]'' L. (← ''Allium porrum'' <small>L.</small>) – tongolo, tongoloherana * ''[[Allium cepa]]'' – tongolo, tongolobe ** [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'']] (← ''Allium ascalonicum'' <small>L.</small>) -- tongolomadinika * ''[[Allium fistulosum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongolomaitso * ''[[Allium neapolitanum]]'' <small>Cirillo</small> -- * ''[[Allium sativum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongologasy, tongolonkova, tongololay * ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongoloravina * ''[[Allium tuberosum]]'' <small>Rottler ex Spreng.</small> -- == Jereo koa == * [[Legioma]] * [[Anana]] * [[Tongologasy|Tongololay]] * [[Tongolobe]] * [[Tongoloravina|Tongoloraviny]] * [[Tongoloherana]] * [[Tongolomadinika]] [[Sokajy:Sakafo]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] 8dhhzvpvu6kk11g116bcb72vrnnkrpq 1151353 1151348 2026-09-26T12:42:02Z Thelezifor 15140 Rohy anatiny 1151353 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:RampBunch.png|vignette|''[[Allium tricoccum]]'']] Ny '''''Allium''''' dia vondron-karazan-javamaniry [[Angiospermae|mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Asparagales]]), teo aloha nosokajina tao amin' ny ''[[Liliaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Liliales]]). Amin' ny [[Fiteny malagasy|teny malagasy]] dia atao amin' ny ankapobeny hoe '''tongolo''' ny karazana ao aminy, indrindra ny azon' ny [[olombelona]] atao sakafo. Mahatratra eo anelanelan' ny 260 sy 690 miparitaka indrindra any [[Eorazia]] sy any [[Amerika Avaratra]] ny karazan' ny ''Allium''. Io no hany vondron-karazana ahitana karazany azo atao sakafo ao amin' ny ''Amaryllidaceae''. [[Sary:ARS red onion.jpg|vignette|[[Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'')]] Vondron-karazana manan-danja ao amin' ny fikarakarana sakafon' ny olombelona ny ''Allium'', izay ahitana zavamaniry fanao sakafo sy zava-manitra ary fanao fanafody maro. Anisan' io vondron-karazana io ny [[tongoloherana]] ([[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'']]), ny [[tongolobe]] (''[[Allium cepa]]''), ny [[Tongolo gasy|tongolo lay]] (''[[Allium sativum]]''), ny [[tongolomadinika]] (''[[Allium ascalonicum]]''), ny [[tongolo raviny]] (''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]''). Misy koa ny karazany fanao haingon-tanàna fa tsy fihinana. Ny ao amin' io vondron-karazana ''Allium'' io dia ahitana karazana maniry hoazy (tongolodia) marom hafa antsoina hoe ''tongolo'' ary ambolena hatao sakafo, toy ny ''Allium fistulosum'' sy ny ''Allium × proliferum'', ary ny ''Allium canadense''. Ampiasaina hanondroana karazana ''Allium'' maromaro ny anarana hoe ''tongolodia'', fa ny ''Allium'' ''cepa'' dia fantatra amin' ny fambolena azy. Ny karazana sasany dia manana, ankoatry ny fananahana mila [[lahimbony]] sy [[vavimbony]] amin' ny alalan' ny voa, dia misy koa ny fomba fampitomboana taranaka azy amin' ny alalan' ny vatany. == Lisitry ny karazana == [[Sary:Allium sativum. Restra de allos de Oroso- Galiza.jpg|vignette|[[Tongologasy|Tongololay]] (''Allium sativum'')]] Inty ny lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Allium'' araka ny ''[[World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]]'' (WCSP) <small>(</small><small>03 Jona 2010):</small> === A === * ''Allium aaseae'' Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium abramsii'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium acidoides'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium aciphyllum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium acuminatum'' Hook. (1838) * ''Allium acutiflorum'' Loisel. (1809) * ''Allium aegilicum'' Tzanoud. (2000) * ''Allium affine'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium afghanicum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium aflatunense'' B.Fedtsch. (1904) * ''Allium agrigentinum'' Brullo & Pavone (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium akaka'' S.G.Gmel. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium alabasicum'' Y.Z.Zhao (1992) * ''Allium alaicum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium albiflorum'' Omelczuk (1962) * ''Allium albotunicatum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium albovianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium alexandrae'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium alexeianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium alibile'' A.Rich. (1850) * ''Allium alpinarii'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium altaicum'' Pall. (1773) * ''Allium altissimum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium altoatlanticum'' Seregin (2006) * ''Allium altyncolicum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium amethystinum'' Tausch (1828) * ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' L. (1753) * ''Allium amphibolum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium amplectens'' Torr., Pacif. Railr. Rep. Parke (1857) * ''Allium anacoleum'' Hand.-Mazz. (1914) * ''Allium anatolicum'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium anceps'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium angulosum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium anisopodium'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium anisotepalum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium antalyense'' Eren, Çinbilgel & Parolly (2007) * ''Allium antonii-bolosii'' P.Palau (1953) * ''Allium anzalonei'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium apolloniensis'' Biel, Kit Tan & Tzanoud. (2006) * ''Allium apulum'' Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium archeotrichon'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1999) * ''Allium arkitense'' R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium arlgirdense'' Blakelock (1953) * ''Allium armenum'' Boiss. & Kotschy (1882) * ''Allium armerioides'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium aroides'' Popov & Vved. (1934) * ''Allium artemisietorum'' Eig & Feinbr., Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium asarense'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2001) * ''[[Allium ascalonicum]]'' L. (1756) - [[tongolomadinika]] * ''Allium aschersonianum'' Barbey (1882) * ''Allium asclepiadeum'' Bornm. (1917) * ''Allium asirense'' B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium asperiflorum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium assadii'' Seisums (2000) * ''Allium atropurpureum'' Waldst. & Kit. (1800) * ''Allium atrorubens'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium atrosanguineum'' Schrenk (1842) * ''Allium atroviolaceum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium aucheri'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium auriculatum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium austrokyushuense'' M.Hotta (1998) * ''Allium austrosibiricum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium autumnale'' P.H.Davis (1949) * ''Allium autumniflorum'' F.O.Khass. & Akhani (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium azaurenum'' Gomb. (1963) * ''Allium azutavicum'' Kotukhov (2003) === B === * ''Allium backhousianum'' Regel (1885) * ''Allium baekdusanense'' Y.N.Lee (2005) * ''Allium baeticum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium bajtulinii'' Baitenov & I.I.Kamenetskaya (1990) * ''Allium bakhtiaricum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium balansae'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium baluchistanicum'' Wendelbo (1963) * ''Allium barsczewskii'' Lipsky (1900) * ''Allium barthianum'' Asch. & Schweinf. (1893) * ''Allium bassitense'' J.Thiébaut (1948) * ''Allium baytopiorum'' Kollmann & Özhatay (1983) * ''Allium beesianum'' W.W.Sm. (1914) * ''Allium bellulum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium bidentatum'' Fisch. ex Prokh. & Ikonn.-Gal. (1929) * ''Allium bigelowii'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium birkinshawii'' Mouterde (1970) * ''Allium bisceptrum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium blandum'' Wall. (1832) * ''Allium blomfieldianum'' Asch. & Schweinf. (1893) * ''Allium boissieri'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium bolanderi'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium bornmuelleri'' Hayek (1925) * ''Allium borszczowii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium botschantzevii'' Kamelin (1976) * ''Allium bourgeaui'' Rech.f. (1936) * ''Allium brachyodon'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium brachyscapum'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium brachyspathum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (2001) * ''Allium bracteolatum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium brandegeei'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium brevicaule'' Boiss. & Balansa (1859) * ''Allium brevidens'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium brevidentatum'' F.Z.Li, Bull. Bot. Res. (1986) * ''Allium brevidentiforme'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium brevipes'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium breviradium'' (Halácsy) Stearn (1978) * ''Allium breviscapum'' Stapf, Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. (1885) * ''Allium brevistylum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium brulloi'' Salmeri (1998) * ''Allium brussalisii'' Tzanoud. & Kypr. (2008) * ''Allium bucharicum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium bungei'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium burjaticum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium burlewii'' Davidson (1916) === C === * ''Allium caeruleum'' Pall. (1773) * ''Allium caesioides'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium caesium'' Schrenk (1844) * ''Allium caespitosum'' Siev. ex Bong. & C.A. Mey. (1841) * ''Allium calabrum'' (N.Terracc.) Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1994) * ''Allium calamarophilon'' Phitos & Tzanoud. (1981) * ''Allium callidyction'' C.A.Mey. ex Kunth (1843) * ''Allium callimischon'' Link (1834) * ''Allium calocephalum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium calyptratum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium campanulatum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium canadense'' L. (1753) * ''Allium candargyi'' Karavok. & Tzanoud. (1994 publ. 1995) * ''Allium candolleanum'' Albov (1895) * ''Allium capitellatum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium cappadocicum'' Boiss. & Balansa (1882) * ''Allium caput-medusae'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium cardiostemon'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (1840) * ''Allium carinatum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium carmeli'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium caroli-henrici'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium carolinianum'' DC. (1804) * ''Allium caspium'' (Pall.) M.Bieb. (1808) * ''Allium cassium'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium castellanense'' (Garbari, Miceli & Raimondo) Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium cathodicarpum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''[[Allium cepa]]'' L. (1753) - [[tongolobe]] * ''Allium cernuum'' Roth (1798) * ''Allium chalcophengos'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium chalkii'' Tzanoud. & Kollmann (1991 publ. 1990) * ''Allium chamaemoly'' L. (1753) * ''Allium chamaespathum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium chamarense'' M.M.Ivanova (1965) * ''Allium changduense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium chelotum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium chienchuanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium chinense'' G.Don (1827) rakkyo * ''Allium chitralicum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium chiwui'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium chloranthum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium chloroneurum'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium chodsha-bakirganicum'' Gaffarov & Turak. (1991) * ''Allium choriotepalum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium chrysantherum'' Boiss. & Reut. (1882) * ''Allium chrysanthum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium chrysocephalum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium chrysonemum'' Stearn (1978) * ''Allium circassicum'' Kolak. (1955) * ''Allium circinatum'' Sieber (1823) * ''Allium circumflexum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium cisferganense'' R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium clathratum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium clausum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium colchicifolium'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium columbianum'' (Ownbey & Mingrone) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg (1988) * ''Allium commutatum'' Guss. (1855) * ''Allium condensatum'' Turcz. (1854) * ''Allium confragosum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium consanguineum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium constrictum'' (Mingrone & Ownbey) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg (1988) * ''Allium convallarioides'' Grossh. (1924) * ''Allium x cornutum'' Clementi (1841) * ''Allium corsicum'' Jauzein & al. (2002) * ''Allium coryi'' M.E.Jones (1930) * ''Allium costatovaginatum'' Kamelin & Levichev (1986) * ''Allium crameri'' Asch. & Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium cratericola'' Eastw. (1934) * ''Allium crenulatum'' Wiegand (1899) * ''Allium crispum'' Greene (1888) * ''Allium cristophii'' Trautv. (1884) * ''Allium croaticum'' Bogdanovic, Brullo, Mitic & Salmeri (2008) * ''Allium crystallinum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium cucullatum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium cupani'' Raf. (1810) * ''Allium cupuliferum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium curtum'' Boiss. & Gaill. (1859) * ''Allium cuthbertii'' Small (1903) * ''Allium cyaneum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium cyathophorum'' Bureau & Franch. (1891) * ''Allium cyprium'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium cyrilli'' Ten. (1827) * ''Allium czelghauricum'' Bordz. (1912) === D === * ''Allium daghestanicum'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium damascenum'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium daninianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1996) * ''Allium darwasicum'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium dasyphyllum'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium decaisnei'' C.Presl (1845) * ''Allium deciduum'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium decipiens'' Fisch. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium delicatulum'' Siev. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium deltoidefistulosum'' S.O.Yu, S.Lee & W.T.Lee (1981) * ''Allium dentiferum'' Webb & Berthel. (1848) * ''Allium dentigerum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium denudatum'' F.Delaroche (1812) * ''Allium derderianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium deserti-syriaci'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium desertorum'' Forssk. (1775) * ''Allium diabolense'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium dichlamydeum'' Greene (1888) * ''Allium dictuon'' H.St.John (1937) * ''Allium dictyoprasum'' C.A.Mey. ex Kunth (1843) * ''Allium dictyoscordum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium dilatatum'' Zahar. (1977) * ''Allium dinsmorei'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1952) * ''Allium diomedeum'' Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium dirphianum'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium djimilense'' Boiss. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium dodecadontum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium dodecanesi'' Karavok. & Tzanoud. (1994 publ. 1995) * ''Allium dolichomischum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium dolichostylum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium douglasii'' Hook. (1838) * ''Allium drepanophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium drobovii'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium drummondii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium drusorum'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium dumetorum'' Feinbrun & Szel., Palestine J. Bot. (1948) * ''Allium durangoense'' Traub (1968) === E === * ''Allium ebusitanum'' Font Quer (1924) * ''Allium eduardii'' Stearn ex Airy Shaw (1946) * ''Allium egorovae'' M.V.Agab. & Ogan. (2000) * ''Allium eivissanum'' Garbari & Miceli (1987) * ''Allium elburzense'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium eldivanense'' Özhatay (1986) * ''Allium elegans'' Drobow (1917) * ''Allium elegantulum'' Kitag. (1933 publ. 1935) * ''Allium ellisii'' Hook.f. (1903) * ''Allium elmaliense'' Deniz & Sümbül (2004) * ''Allium elmendorfii'' M.E.Jones ex Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium enginii'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium erdelii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium eremoprasum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium ericetorum'' Thore (1803) * ''Allium eriocoleum'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium ertugrulii'' Demir. & Uysal (2007 publ. 2008) * ''Allium erubescens'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium erythraeum'' Griseb. (1846) * ''Allium esfandiarii'' Matin (1989) * ''Allium euboicum'' Rech.f. (1961) * ''Allium eugenii'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium eurotophilum'' Wiggins (1933) * ''Allium eusperma'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium exaltatum'' (Meikle) Brullo, Pavone, Salmeri & Venora (2004) * ''Allium exile'' Boiss. & Orph. (1859) === F === * ''Allium falcifolium'' Hook. & Arn. (1840) * ''Allium fanjingshanense'' C.D.Yang & G.Q.Gou (2008) * ''Allium fantasmasense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium farctum'' Wendelbo (1967) * ''Allium fasciculatum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium favosum'' Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium fedtschenkoi'' Nábelek (1929) * ''Allium feinbergii'' Oppenh. (1940) * ''Allium ferganicum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium fethiyense'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium fetisowii'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium fibriferum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium fibrillum'' M.E.Jones ex Abrams (1922) * ''Allium filidens'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium filidentiforme'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium fimbriatum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium fistulosum'' L. (1753) ciboule * ''Allium flavellum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium flavescens'' Besser (1821) * ''Allium flavidum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium flavovirens'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium flavum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium flexuosum'' d'Urv. (1822) * ''Allium forrestii'' Diels (1912) * ''Allium franciniae'' Brullo & Pavone (1983) * ''Allium fraseri'' (Ownbey) Shinners (1951) * ''Allium frigidum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1854) * ''Allium fritschii'' F.O.Khass. & Yengal. (1997) * ''Allium funckiifolium'' Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien (1920) * ''Allium fuscoviolaceum'' Fomin (1909) * ''Allium fuscum'' Waldst. & Kit. (1807) === G === * ''Allium galanthum'' Kar. & Kir. (1842) * ''Allium galileum'' Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2008) * ''Allium garbarii'' Peruzzi (2007) * ''Allium geyeri'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium giganteum'' Regel (1883) * ''Allium gilgiticum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium gillii'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium glaciale'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium glandulosum'' Link & Otto (1828) * ''Allium glomeratum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium glumaceum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium goekyigitii'' Ekim, H.Duman & Güner (1999) * ''Allium goloskokovii'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium gomphrenoides'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1846) * ''Allium gooddingii'' Ownbey (1949) * ''Allium gorumsense'' (Regel) Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium goulimyi'' Tzanoud. (1983) * ''Allium gracillimum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium gramineum'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium grande'' Lipsky (1894) * ''Allium greuteri'' Brullo & Pavone (1983) * ''Allium griffithianum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium grisellum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium grosii'' Font Quer (1924) * ''Allium guanxianense'' J.M.Xu (1993) * ''Allium guatemalense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium gubanovii'' Kamelin, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1980) * ''Allium guicciardii'' Heldr. (1876) * ''Allium gunibicum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium gusaricum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium guttatum'' Steven (1809) * ''Allium gypsaceum'' Popov & Vved. (1924) * ''Allium gypsodictyum'' Vved. (1941) === H === * ''Allium haemanthoides'' Boiss. & Reut. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium haematochiton'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium hamrinense'' Hand.-Mazz. (1914) * ''Allium haneltii'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1998) * ''Allium hedgei'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium heldreichii'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium helicophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium hemisphaericum'' (Sommier) Brullo (1988) * ''Allium henryi'' C.H.Wright (1895) * ''Allium herderianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium hermoneum'' (Kollmann & Shmida) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2007) * ''Allium heteronema'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1980) * ''Allium hexaceras'' Vved. (1963) * ''Allium hickmanii'' Eastw. (1903) * ''Allium hierosolymorum'' Regel (1890) * ''Allium hindukuschense'' Kamelin & Seisums (1996) * ''Allium hintoniorum'' B.L.Turner (1993 publ. 1994) * ''Allium hirtovaginatum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium hirtovaginum'' Candargy (1897) * ''Allium hissaricum'' Vved. (1963) * ''Allium hoffmanii'' Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium hollandicum'' R.M.Fritsch (1993) * ''Allium hookeri'' Thwaites (1864) * ''Allium hooshidaryae'' Mashayekhi, Zarre & R.M.Fritsch (2005) * ''Allium horvatii'' Lovric (1971 publ. 1972) * ''Allium howellii'' Eastw. (1938) * ''Allium huber-morathii'' Kollmann, Özhatay & Koyuncu (1983) * ''Allium humile'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium huntiae'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium hyalinum'' Curran (1885) * ''Allium hymenorhizum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium hymettium'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1859) * ''Allium hypsistum'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) === I === * ''Allium ilgazense'' Özhatay (1986) * ''Allium iliense'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium inaequale'' Janka (1860) * ''Allium inconspicuum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium incrustatum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium inderiense'' Fisch. ex Bunge (1838) * ''Allium inops'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium insubricum'' Boiss. & Reut. (1857) * ''Allium insufficiens'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium integerrimum'' Zahar. (1977) * ''Allium inutile'' Makino (1898) * ''Allium ionandrum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium ionicum'' Brullo & Tzanoud. (1994) * ''Allium iranicum'' (Wendelbo) Wendelbo (1985) * ''Allium isakulii'' R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass. (2000) * ''Allium isauricum'' Hub.-Mor. & Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium isfairamicum'' B.Fedtsch. (1906) * ''Allium ivasczenkoae'' Kotukhov (2003) === J === * ''Allium jacquemontii'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium jaxarticum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium jepsonii'' (Ownbey & Aase) S.S.Denison & McNeal (1989) * ''Allium jesdianum'' Boiss. & Buhse (1860) * ''Allium jodanthum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium joharchii'' F.O.Khass. & Memariani (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium jubatum'' J.F.Macbr. (1918) * ''Allium jucundum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium juldusicola'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium julianum'' Brullo, Gangale & Uzunov (2007) * ''Allium junceum'' Sm. (1809) === K === * ''Allium karacae'' Koyuncu (1994) * ''Allium karamanoglui'' Koyuncu & Kollmann (1978 publ. 1979) * ''Allium karataviense'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium karelinii'' Poljakov (1950) * ''Allium karistanum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium karyeteini'' Post (1895) * ''Allium kaschianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium kastambulense'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium kasteki'' Popov, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1938) * ''Allium kazerouni'' Parsa (1949) * ''Allium kermesinum'' Rchb. (1848) * ''Allium kharputense'' Freyn & Sint. (1892) * ''Allium kingdonii'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium kirindicum'' Bornm. (1915) * ''Allium koelzii'' (Wendelbo) Perss. & Wendelbo (1979) * ''Allium koenigianum'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium kokanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium kollmannianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1991) * ''Allium komarowii'' Lipsky (1900) * ''Allium kopetdagense'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium koreanum'' H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh (2004) * ''Allium korolkowii'' Regel (1873) * ''Allium kossoricum'' Fomin (1909) * ''Allium kotschyi'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium koyuncui'' H.Duman & Özhatay (2000 publ. 2001) * ''Allium kuhsorkhense'' R.M.Fritsch & Joharchi (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium kujukense'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium kunthianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium kuramense'' F.O.Khass. & N.V.Friesen (1998) * ''Allium kurssanovii'' Popov, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1938) * ''Allium kurtzianum'' Asch. & Sint. ex Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium kysylkumi'' Kamelin (1980) === L === * ''Allium lachnophyllum'' Paine (1875) * ''Allium lacunosum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium lagarophyllum'' Brullo, Pavone & Tzanoud. (1993) * ''Allium lalesaricum'' Freyn & Bornm. (1900) * ''Allium lamondiae'' Wendelbo (1967) * ''Allium lasiophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium latifolium'' Jaub. & Spach (1844) * ''Allium ledebourianum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium lefkarense'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium lehmannianum'' Merckl. ex Bunge (1851) * ''Allium lehmannii'' Lojac. (1909) * ''Allium lemmonii'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium lenkoranicum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium leptomorphum'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium leucanthum'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium leucocephalum'' Turcz. ex Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium leucosphaerum'' Aitch. & Baker, Trans. Linn. Soc. London (1886) * ''Allium libani'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium lilacinum'' Klotzsch (1862) * ''Allium lineare'' L. (1753) * ''Allium linearifolium'' H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh (2003) * ''Allium lipskyanum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium listera'' Stearn (1934) * ''Allium litorale'' Konta, Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo (2005) * ''Allium litvinovii'' Drobow ex Vved. (1971) * ''Allium lojaconoi'' Brullo, Lanfr. & Pavone (1982) * ''Allium longanum'' Pamp. (1912) * ''Allium longicollum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium longifolium'' (Kunth) Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium longipapillatum'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium longiradiatum'' (Regel) Vved. (1923) * ''Allium longisepalum'' Bertol. (1842) * ''Allium longistylum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium longivaginatum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium lopadusanum'' Bartolo, Brullo & Pavone (1986) * ''Allium loratum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium lusitanicum'' Lam. (1783) * ''Allium luteolum'' Halácsy (1904) * ''Allium lutescens'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium lycaonicum'' Siehe ex Hayek (1914) === M === * ''Allium maackii'' (Maxim.) Prokh. ex Kom. (1931) * ''Allium macedonicum'' Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium machmelianum'' Post (1892) * ''Allium macleanii'' Baker (1883) * ''Allium macranthum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium macrochaetum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium macropetalum'' Rydb. (1904) * ''Allium macrostemon'' Bunge (1833) * ''Allium macrostylum'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium macrum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium madidum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium mairei'' H.Lév. (1909) * ''Allium majus'' Vved. (1941) * ''Allium malyschevii'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium maniaticum'' Brullo & Tzanoud. (1989) * ''Allium mannii'' Traub & T.M.Howard (1968) * ''Allium maowenense'' J.M.Xu (1994) * ''Allium marathasicum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium mareoticum'' Bornm. & Gauba (1933) * ''Allium margaritae'' B.Fedtsch. (1918) * ''Allium margaritiferum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium marginatum'' Janka (1884) * ''Allium mariae'' Bordz. (1915) * ''Allium marschalianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium massaessylum'' Batt. & Trab. (1892) * ''Allium materculae'' Bordz. (1915) * ''Allium maximowiczii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium megalobulbon'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium melanantherum'' Pancic (1883) * ''Allium melananthum'' Coincy (1895) * ''Allium melitense'' (Sommier & Caruana ex Borg) Cif. & Giacom. (1950) * ''Allium melliferum'' Traub (1972) * ''Allium membranaceum'' Munz & Keck ex Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium meteoricum'' Heldr. & Hausskn. (1904) * ''Allium mexicanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium michoacanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium micranthum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium microdictyon'' Prokh. (1929-1930 publ. 1930) * ''Allium microspathum'' Ekberg (1969) * ''Allium minutiflorum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium minutum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium mirum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium moly'' L. (1753) * ''Allium monanthum'' Maxim. (1887) * ''Allium mongolicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium monophyllum'' Vved. ex Czerniak. (1930) * ''Allium montelburzense'' R.M.Fritsch, Salmaki & Zarre (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium montenegrinum'' Beck & Szyszyl * ''Allium montibaicalense'' N.Friesen (1992) * ''Allium monticola'' Davidson (1921) * ''Allium moschatum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium multibulbosum'' Jacq. (1773) * ''Allium multiflorum'' Desf. (1798) * ''Allium munzii'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium myrianthum'' Boiss. (1844) === N === * ''Allium nanodes'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium narcissiflorum'' Vill. (1779) * ''Allium nathaliae'' Seregin (2004) * ''Allium neapolitanum'' Cirillo (1788) * ''Allium nebrodense'' Guss. (1827) * ''Allium negevense'' Kollmann (1969) * ''Allium nemrutdaghense'' Kit Tan & Sorger (1986) * ''Allium neriniflorum'' (Herb.) G.Don (1855) * ''Allium nevadense'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium nevii'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium nevsehirense'' Koyuncu & Kollmann (1978 publ. 1979) * ''Allium nevskianum'' Vved. (1969) * ''Allium nigrum'' L. (1762) * ''Allium noeanum'' Reut. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium notabile'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium nuristanicum'' Kitam. (1958) * ''Allium nutans'' L. (1753) === O === * ''Allium obliquum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium obtusiflorum'' DC. (1805) * ''Allium obtusum'' Lemmon (1890) * ''Allium ochotense'' Prokh. (1929-1930 publ. 1930) * ''Allium oleraceum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium oliganthum'' Kar. & Kir. (1841) * ''Allium olivieri'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium oltense'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium olympicum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium omeiense'' Z.Y.Zhu, Bull. Bot. Res. (1989) * ''Allium opacum'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1950) * ''Allium ophiophyllum'' Vved., Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ., Ser. 8b (1928) * ''Allium oporinanthum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium oreodictyum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium oreophiloides'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium oreophilum'' C.A.Mey. (1831) * ''Allium oreoprasoides'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium oreoprasum'' Schrenk (1842) * ''Allium oreoscordum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium orientale'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium orunbaii'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium oschaninii'' O.Fedtsch. (1906) échalote grise * ''Allium ovalifolium'' Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien (1923 publ. 1924) * ''Allium ownbeyi'' Traub (1968) === P === * ''Allium paepalanthoides'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium palentinum'' Losa & P.Monts. (1953) * ''Allium pallasii'' Murray (1775) * ''Allium pallens'' L. (1762) * ''Allium pamiricum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium pangasicum'' Turak. (1986) * ''Allium paniculatum'' L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1759) * ''Allium panjaoense'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium papillare'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium paradoxum'' (M.Bieb.) G.Don (1827) * ''Allium parciflorum'' Viv., Fl. Cors. Prodr. (1825) * ''Allium pardoi'' Loscos (1877) * ''Allium parishii'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium parnassicum'' (Boiss.) Halácsy (1904) * ''Allium parryi'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium parvulum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium parvum'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium passeyi'' N.H.Holmgren & A.H.Holmgren (1974) * ''Allium pendulinum'' Ten. (1811) * ''Allium peninsulare'' Lemmon ex Greene (1888) * ''Allium pentadactyli'' Brullo, Pavone & G.Samp. (1989) * ''Allium perdulce'' S.V.Fraser (1939) * ''Allium permixtum'' Guss. (1827) * ''Allium peroninianum'' Azn. (1897) * ''Allium pervestitum'' Klokov (1950) * ''Allium petraeum'' Kar. & Kir. (1842) * ''Allium petri'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium pevtzovii'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium phalereum'' Heldr. & Sart. (1876) * ''Allium phanerantherum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium phariense'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium phitosianum'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium phrygium'' Boiss. & Balansa (1882) * ''Allium phthioticum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1882) * ''Allium pictistamineum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium pilosum'' Sm. (1819) * ''Allium platakisii'' Tzanoud. & Kypr. (1993) * ''Allium platycaule'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium platyspathum'' Schrenk (1841) * ''Allium plummerae'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium plurifoliatum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium podolicum'' Blocki ex Racib. & Szafer (1919) * ''Allium pogonotepalum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium polyanthum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium polyrhizum'' Turcz. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium ponticum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium popovii'' Vved. (1923) * ''[[Allium porrum]]'' (cultivar ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'') -- tongolo, tongoloherana * ''Allium potosiense'' Traub (1969) * ''Allium praecox'' Brandegee (1906) * ''Allium praemixtum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium prattii'' C.H.Wright, J. Linn. Soc. (1903) * ''Allium proliferum'' (Moench) Schrad. ex Wild * ''Allium proponticum'' Stearn & Özhatay (1977) * ''Allium prostratum'' Trevir. (1822) * ''Allium protensum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium pruinatum'' Link ex Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium przewalskianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium psebaicum'' Mikheev (2004) * ''Allium pseudoalbidum'' N.Friesen & Özhatay (1998) * ''Allium pseudoampeloprasum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium pseudobodeanum'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2002) * ''Allium pseudocalyptratum'' Mouterde (1953) * ''Allium pseudoflavum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium pseudophanerantherum'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1952) * ''Allium pseudostamineum'' Kollmann & Shmida (1977) * ''Allium pseudostrictum'' Albov (1895) * ''Allium pseudowinklerianum'' R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass. (2000) * ''Allium pskemense'' B.Fedtsch. (1905) * ''Allium pueblanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium pumilum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium punctum'' L.F.Hend. (1930) * ''Allium pustulosum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium pyrenaicum'' Costa & Vayr. (1877) === Q === * ''Allium qasyunense'' Mouterde (1953) === R === * ''Allium ramazanicum'' Parsa (1949) * ''Allium ramosum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium rausii'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium rechingeri'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium reconditum'' Pastor, Valdés & J.M.Muñoz (1983) * ''Allium regelianum'' Beck (1880) * ''Allium regelii'' Trautv. (1884) * ''Allium registanicum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium retrorsum'' (Özhatay & Kollmann) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2007) * ''Allium reuterianum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium rhabdotum'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium rhetoreanum'' Nábelek (1929) * ''Allium rhizomatum'' Wooton & Standl. (1913) * ''Allium rhodiacum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1992) * ''Allium rhodopeum'' Velen., Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. (1890) * ''Allium rhynchogynum'' Diels (1912) * ''Allium ritsi'' Iatroú & Tzanoud. (1995) * ''Allium robertianum'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium robinsonii'' L.F.Hend. (1930) * ''Allium roborowskianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium robustum'' Kar. & Kir. (1841) * ''Allium rollovii'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium rosenbachianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium rosenorum'' R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium roseum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium rothii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium rotundum'' L. (1762) * ''Allium rouyi'' Gaut. (1898) * ''Allium roylei'' Stearn (1947) * ''Allium rubellum'' M.Bieb. (1808) * ''Allium rubens'' Schrad. ex Willd. (1809) * ''Allium rubrovittatum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1854) * ''Allium rude'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium ruhmerianum'' Asch. ex E.A.Durand & Barratte (1910) * ''Allium runemarkii'' Trigas & Tzanoud. (2000) * ''Allium runyonii'' Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium rupestre'' Steven (1812) * ''Allium rupestristepposum'' N.Friesen (1992) * ''Allium rupicola'' Boiss. ex Mouterde (1966) === S === * ''Allium sabulosum'' Steven ex Bunge (1838) * ''Allium sabzakense'' Wendelbo (1971) * ''Allium sacculiferum'' Maxim. (1859) * ''Allium sairamense'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium salinum'' A.I.Baranov & Skvortsov (1965) * ''Allium samothracicum'' Tzanoud., Strid & Kit Tan, Portugaliae Act. Biol., Sér. B (2000) * ''Allium samurense'' Cholokashvili (1967) * ''Allium sanbornii'' Alph.Wood (1868) * ''Allium sandrasicum'' Kollmann, Özhatay & Bothmer (1983) * ''Allium sannineum'' Gomb. (1937 publ. 1938) * ''Allium saposhnikovii'' Nikitina (1962) * ''Allium sarawschanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''[[Allium sativum]]'' L. (1753) [[Tongolo gasy|tongologasy]] * ''Allium savii'' Parl. (1852) * ''Allium saxatile'' M.Bieb. (1798) * ''Allium scaberrimum'' M.Serres (1857) * ''Allium scabriflorum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium scabriscapum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium schachimardanicum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium schergianum'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium schischkinii'' Sobolevsk (1949) * ''Allium schmitzii'' Cout. (1896) * ''Allium schoenoprasoides'' Regel (1878) * ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' L. (1753) - [[tongoloravina]] * ''Allium schrenkii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium schubertii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium schugnanicum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium scilloides'' Douglas ex S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium scorodoprasum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium scorzonerifolium'' Desf. ex DC. (1804) * ''Allium scotostemon'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium scrobiculatum'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium semenovii'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium senescens'' L. (1753) * ''Allium sergii'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium serra'' McNeal & Ownbey (1977) * ''Allium setifolium'' Schrenk (1841) * ''Allium severtzovioides'' R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium sewerzowii'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium sharsmithiae'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium shatakiense'' Rech.f. (1939) * ''Allium shelkovnikovii'' Grossh. (1927) * ''Allium shevockii'' McNeal (1987) * ''Allium sibthorpianum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium siculum'' Ucria (1793) * ''Allium sieheanum'' Hausskn. ex Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium sikkimense'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium simillimum'' L.F.Hend. (1900) * ''Allium sinaiticum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium sindjarense'' Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium sinkiangense'' F.T.Wang & Y.C.Tang (1980) * ''Allium sintenisii'' Freyn (1892) * ''Allium siphonanthum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium sipyleum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium siskiyouense'' Munz & Keck ex Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium sivasicum'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium sochense'' R.M.Fritsch & Turak. (2002) * ''Allium songpanicum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium sordidiflorum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium sosnovskyanum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium spathaceum'' Steud. ex A.Rich. (1850) * ''Allium spathulatum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1998) * ''Allium speculae'' Ownbey & Aase (1959) * ''Allium sphaerocephalon'' L. (1753) * ''Allium spicatum'' (Prain) N.Friesen (2000) * ''Allium spirale'' Willd., Enum. Pl. (1814) * ''Allium spirophyllum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium splendens'' Willd. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium sprengeri'' Regel (1889) * ''Allium spurium'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium stamineum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium staticiforme'' Sm. (1809) * ''Allium stearnianum'' Koyuncu, Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium stellatum'' Nutt. ex Ker Gawl. (1813) * ''Allium stellerianum'' Willd. (1799) * ''Allium stenodon'' Nakai & Kitag. (1933 publ. 1934) * ''Allium stenopetalum'' Boiss. & Kotschy (1882) * ''Allium stephanophorum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium stipitatum'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium stocksianum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium stoloniferum'' Ownbey ex T.D.Jacobson (1979) * ''Allium stracheyi'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium strictum'' Schrad. (1809) * ''Allium struzlianum'' Ogan. (1999) * ''Allium stylosum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium suaveolens'' Jacq. (1789) * ''Allium subangulatum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium subhirsutum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium subnotabile'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium subteretifolium'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium subtilissimum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium subvillosum'' Salzm. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium sulphureum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium suworowii'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium svetlanae'' Vved. ex Filim. (1982) * ''Allium synnotii'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium szovitsii'' Regel (1875) === T === * ''Allium taciturnum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium taeniopetalum'' Popov & Vved. (1934) * ''Allium taishanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium talassicum'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium talijevii'' Klokov (1950) * ''Allium talyschense'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium tanguticum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tardans'' Greuter & Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium tardiflorum'' F.Kollmann & Shmida (1990 publ. 1991) * ''Allium tashkenticum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium tauricola'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium tchihatschewii'' Boiss. (1860) * ''Allium tekesicola'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tel-avivense'' Eig (1931) * ''Allium telaponense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium tenuicaule'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tenuiflorum'' Ten. (1811) * ''Allium tenuissimum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium teretifolium'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium texanum'' T.M.Howard (1990 publ. 1991) * ''Allium textile'' A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr. (1913) * ''Allium thessalicum'' Brullo & al. (1994) * ''Allium thunbergii'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium tianschanicum'' Rupr., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. (1869) * ''Allium togashii'' H.Hara (1953) * ''Allium tokaliense'' Kamelin & Levichev (1986) * ''Allium tolmiei'' Baker (1876) * ''Allium tourneuxii'' Chabert (1889) * ''Allium trachycoleum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium trachyscordum'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium transvestiens'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium traubii'' T.M.Howard (1967) * ''Allium trautvetterianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium tribracteatum'' Torr., Pacif. Railr. Rep. Parke (1857) * ''Allium trichocnemis'' J.Gay, Ann. Sci. Nat. (1847) * ''Allium tricoccum'' Sol. (1789) * ''Allium trifoliatum'' Cirillo (1792) * ''Allium trifurcatum'' (F.T.Wang & Tang) J.M.Xu (1991) * ''Allium tripedale'' Trautv. (1873) * ''Allium tripterum'' Nasir (1975) * ''Allium triquetrum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium truncatum'' (Feinbrun) F.Kollmann & D.Zohary (1986) * ''Allium tschimganicum'' B.Fedtsch. (1923) * ''Allium tschulaktavicum'' Bajtenov & Nelina, Izv. Natsion. Akad. Nauk Resp. Kazakhstan (1993 publ. 1994) * ''Allium tubergenii'' Freyn (1900) * ''Allium tuberosum'' Rottler ex Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium tubiflorum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium tuchalense'' F.O.Khass. & Noroozi (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium tulipifolium'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium tuncelianum'' (Kollmann) Özhatay, B.Mathew & Siraneci (1995) * ''Allium tuolumnense'' (Ownbey & Aase) S.S.Denison & McNeal (1989) * ''Allium turcicum'' Özhatay & Cowley (1994) * ''Allium turcomanicum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium turkestanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium turtschicum'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium tuvinicum'' (N.Friesen) N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium tytthanthum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium tytthocephalum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) === U === * ''Allium ubsicola'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium umbilicatum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium unifolium'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium urmiense'' Kamelin & Seisums (1996) * ''Allium ursinum'' L. (1753) ail des ours === V === * ''Allium valdesianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1996) * ''Allium valentinae'' Pavlov (1953) * ''Allium validum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium variegatum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium vasilevskajae'' Ogan. (2000) * ''Allium vavilovii'' Popov & Vved. (1932) * ''Allium verticillatum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium vescum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium victorialis'' L. (1753) * ''Allium victoris'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium vineale'' L. (1753) ail des vignes * ''Allium vinicolor'' Wendelbo (1973) * ''Allium virgunculae'' Maek. & Kitam. (1952) * ''Allium viridiflorum'' Pobed. (1949) * ''Allium viridulum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium vodopjanovae'' N.Friesen (1985) * ''Allium vvedenskyanum'' Pavlov (1949) === W === * ''Allium wallichii'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium warzobicum'' Kamelin (1980) * ''Allium weissii'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium wendelboanum'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium wendelboi'' Matin (1989) * ''Allium weschniakowii'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium wiedemannianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium willeanum'' Holmboe (1914) * ''Allium winklerianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium woronowii'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) === X === * ''Allium xiangchengense'' J.M.Xu (1993) * ''Allium xichuanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium xiphopetalum'' Aitch. & Baker, Trans. Linn. Soc. London (1888) === Y === * ''Allium yanchiense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium yongdengense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium yosemitense'' Eastw. (1934) * ''Allium yuanum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) === Z === * ''Allium zaissanicum'' Kotukhov (2003) * ''Allium zaprjagajevii'' Kasach (1973) * ''Allium zebdanense'' Boiss. & Noë (1859) * ''Allium zergericum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1994) === Karazana misy eto Madagasikara === Eto [[Madagasikara]], ny karazana ''Allium'' dia tsy ahitana karazana teratany. Nampidirina avokoa ny karazana misy izay ambolena indrindra hatao [[sakafo]] sy hampiasaina amin' ny [[fitsaboana nentim-paharazana]]. * ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' <small>L.</small> (karazana tongolodia) ** ''[[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum]]'' L. (← ''Allium porrum'' <small>L.</small>) – tongolo, tongoloherana * ''[[Allium cepa]]'' – tongolo, tongolobe ** [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'']] (← ''Allium ascalonicum'' <small>L.</small>) -- tongolomadinika * ''[[Allium fistulosum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongolomaitso * ''[[Allium neapolitanum]]'' <small>Cirillo</small> -- * ''[[Allium sativum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongologasy, tongolonkova, tongololay * ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongoloravina * ''[[Allium tuberosum]]'' <small>Rottler ex Spreng.</small> -- == Jereo koa == * [[Legioma]] * [[Anana]] * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativa'') * [[Allium cepa|Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'') * [[Allium schoenoprasum|Tongoloravina]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Tongoloherana]] (''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') [[Sokajy:Sakafo]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] l2tbam77rdcga592s43bkhuyub08e25 1151369 1151353 2026-09-26T13:03:17Z Thelezifor 15140 Rohy anatiny 1151369 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:RampBunch.png|vignette|''[[Allium tricoccum]]'']] Ny '''''Allium''''' dia vondron-karazan-javamaniry [[Angiospermae|mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Asparagales]]), teo aloha nosokajina tao amin' ny ''[[Liliaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Liliales]]). Amin' ny [[Fiteny malagasy|teny malagasy]] dia atao amin' ny ankapobeny hoe '''tongolo''' ny karazana ao aminy, indrindra ny azon' ny [[olombelona]] atao sakafo. Mahatratra eo anelanelan' ny 260 sy 690 miparitaka indrindra any [[Eorazia]] sy any [[Amerika Avaratra]] ny karazan' ny ''Allium''. Io no hany vondron-karazana ahitana karazany azo atao sakafo ao amin' ny ''Amaryllidaceae''. [[Sary:ARS red onion.jpg|vignette|[[Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'')]] Vondron-karazana manan-danja ao amin' ny fikarakarana sakafon' ny olombelona ny ''Allium'', izay ahitana zavamaniry fanao sakafo sy zava-manitra ary fanao fanafody maro. Anisan' io vondron-karazana io ny [[tongoloherana]] ([[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'']]), ny [[tongolobe]] (''[[Allium cepa]]''), ny [[Tongolo gasy|tongolo lay]] (''[[Allium sativum]]''), ny [[tongolomadinika]] (''[[Allium ascalonicum]]''), ny [[tongolo raviny]] (''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]''). Misy koa ny karazany fanao haingon-tanàna fa tsy fihinana. Ny ao amin' io vondron-karazana ''Allium'' io dia ahitana karazana maniry hoazy (tongolodia) marom hafa antsoina hoe ''tongolo'' ary ambolena hatao sakafo, toy ny ''Allium fistulosum'' sy ny ''Allium × proliferum'', ary ny ''Allium canadense''. Ampiasaina hanondroana karazana ''Allium'' maromaro ny anarana hoe ''tongolodia'', fa ny ''Allium'' ''cepa'' dia fantatra amin' ny fambolena azy. Ny karazana sasany dia manana, ankoatry ny fananahana mila [[lahimbony]] sy [[vavimbony]] amin' ny alalan' ny voa, dia misy koa ny fomba fampitomboana taranaka azy amin' ny alalan' ny vatany. == Lisitry ny karazana == [[Sary:Allium sativum. Restra de allos de Oroso- Galiza.jpg|vignette|[[Tongologasy|Tongololay]] (''Allium sativum'')]] Inty ny lisitry ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Allium'' araka ny ''[[World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]]'' (WCSP) <small>(</small><small>03 Jona 2010):</small> === A === * ''Allium aaseae'' Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium abramsii'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium acidoides'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium aciphyllum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium acuminatum'' Hook. (1838) * ''Allium acutiflorum'' Loisel. (1809) * ''Allium aegilicum'' Tzanoud. (2000) * ''Allium affine'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium afghanicum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium aflatunense'' B.Fedtsch. (1904) * ''Allium agrigentinum'' Brullo & Pavone (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium akaka'' S.G.Gmel. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium alabasicum'' Y.Z.Zhao (1992) * ''Allium alaicum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium albiflorum'' Omelczuk (1962) * ''Allium albotunicatum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium albovianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium alexandrae'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium alexeianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium alibile'' A.Rich. (1850) * ''Allium alpinarii'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium altaicum'' Pall. (1773) * ''Allium altissimum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium altoatlanticum'' Seregin (2006) * ''Allium altyncolicum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium amethystinum'' Tausch (1828) * ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' L. (1753) * ''Allium amphibolum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium amplectens'' Torr., Pacif. Railr. Rep. Parke (1857) * ''Allium anacoleum'' Hand.-Mazz. (1914) * ''Allium anatolicum'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium anceps'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium angulosum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium anisopodium'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium anisotepalum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium antalyense'' Eren, Çinbilgel & Parolly (2007) * ''Allium antonii-bolosii'' P.Palau (1953) * ''Allium anzalonei'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium apolloniensis'' Biel, Kit Tan & Tzanoud. (2006) * ''Allium apulum'' Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium archeotrichon'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1999) * ''Allium arkitense'' R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium arlgirdense'' Blakelock (1953) * ''Allium armenum'' Boiss. & Kotschy (1882) * ''Allium armerioides'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium aroides'' Popov & Vved. (1934) * ''Allium artemisietorum'' Eig & Feinbr., Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium asarense'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2001) * ''[[Allium ascalonicum]]'' L. (1756) -- tongolomadinika * ''Allium aschersonianum'' Barbey (1882) * ''Allium asclepiadeum'' Bornm. (1917) * ''Allium asirense'' B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium asperiflorum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium assadii'' Seisums (2000) * ''Allium atropurpureum'' Waldst. & Kit. (1800) * ''Allium atrorubens'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium atrosanguineum'' Schrenk (1842) * ''Allium atroviolaceum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium aucheri'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium auriculatum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium austrokyushuense'' M.Hotta (1998) * ''Allium austrosibiricum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium autumnale'' P.H.Davis (1949) * ''Allium autumniflorum'' F.O.Khass. & Akhani (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium azaurenum'' Gomb. (1963) * ''Allium azutavicum'' Kotukhov (2003) === B === * ''Allium backhousianum'' Regel (1885) * ''Allium baekdusanense'' Y.N.Lee (2005) * ''Allium baeticum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium bajtulinii'' Baitenov & I.I.Kamenetskaya (1990) * ''Allium bakhtiaricum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium balansae'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium baluchistanicum'' Wendelbo (1963) * ''Allium barsczewskii'' Lipsky (1900) * ''Allium barthianum'' Asch. & Schweinf. (1893) * ''Allium bassitense'' J.Thiébaut (1948) * ''Allium baytopiorum'' Kollmann & Özhatay (1983) * ''Allium beesianum'' W.W.Sm. (1914) * ''Allium bellulum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium bidentatum'' Fisch. ex Prokh. & Ikonn.-Gal. (1929) * ''Allium bigelowii'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium birkinshawii'' Mouterde (1970) * ''Allium bisceptrum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium blandum'' Wall. (1832) * ''Allium blomfieldianum'' Asch. & Schweinf. (1893) * ''Allium boissieri'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium bolanderi'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium bornmuelleri'' Hayek (1925) * ''Allium borszczowii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium botschantzevii'' Kamelin (1976) * ''Allium bourgeaui'' Rech.f. (1936) * ''Allium brachyodon'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium brachyscapum'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium brachyspathum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (2001) * ''Allium bracteolatum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium brandegeei'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium brevicaule'' Boiss. & Balansa (1859) * ''Allium brevidens'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium brevidentatum'' F.Z.Li, Bull. Bot. Res. (1986) * ''Allium brevidentiforme'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium brevipes'' Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium breviradium'' (Halácsy) Stearn (1978) * ''Allium breviscapum'' Stapf, Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. (1885) * ''Allium brevistylum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium brulloi'' Salmeri (1998) * ''Allium brussalisii'' Tzanoud. & Kypr. (2008) * ''Allium bucharicum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium bungei'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium burjaticum'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium burlewii'' Davidson (1916) === C === * ''Allium caeruleum'' Pall. (1773) * ''Allium caesioides'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium caesium'' Schrenk (1844) * ''Allium caespitosum'' Siev. ex Bong. & C.A. Mey. (1841) * ''Allium calabrum'' (N.Terracc.) Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1994) * ''Allium calamarophilon'' Phitos & Tzanoud. (1981) * ''Allium callidyction'' C.A.Mey. ex Kunth (1843) * ''Allium callimischon'' Link (1834) * ''Allium calocephalum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium calyptratum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium campanulatum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium canadense'' L. (1753) * ''Allium candargyi'' Karavok. & Tzanoud. (1994 publ. 1995) * ''Allium candolleanum'' Albov (1895) * ''Allium capitellatum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium cappadocicum'' Boiss. & Balansa (1882) * ''Allium caput-medusae'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium cardiostemon'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (1840) * ''Allium carinatum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium carmeli'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium caroli-henrici'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium carolinianum'' DC. (1804) * ''Allium caspium'' (Pall.) M.Bieb. (1808) * ''Allium cassium'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium castellanense'' (Garbari, Miceli & Raimondo) Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium cathodicarpum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''[[Allium cepa]]'' L. (1753) - tongolobe * ''Allium cernuum'' Roth (1798) * ''Allium chalcophengos'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium chalkii'' Tzanoud. & Kollmann (1991 publ. 1990) * ''Allium chamaemoly'' L. (1753) * ''Allium chamaespathum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium chamarense'' M.M.Ivanova (1965) * ''Allium changduense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium chelotum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium chienchuanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium chinense'' G.Don (1827) rakkyo * ''Allium chitralicum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium chiwui'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium chloranthum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium chloroneurum'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium chodsha-bakirganicum'' Gaffarov & Turak. (1991) * ''Allium choriotepalum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium chrysantherum'' Boiss. & Reut. (1882) * ''Allium chrysanthum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium chrysocephalum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium chrysonemum'' Stearn (1978) * ''Allium circassicum'' Kolak. (1955) * ''Allium circinatum'' Sieber (1823) * ''Allium circumflexum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium cisferganense'' R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium clathratum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium clausum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium colchicifolium'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium columbianum'' (Ownbey & Mingrone) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg (1988) * ''Allium commutatum'' Guss. (1855) * ''Allium condensatum'' Turcz. (1854) * ''Allium confragosum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium consanguineum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium constrictum'' (Mingrone & Ownbey) P.M.Peterson, Annable & Rieseberg (1988) * ''Allium convallarioides'' Grossh. (1924) * ''Allium x cornutum'' Clementi (1841) * ''Allium corsicum'' Jauzein & al. (2002) * ''Allium coryi'' M.E.Jones (1930) * ''Allium costatovaginatum'' Kamelin & Levichev (1986) * ''Allium crameri'' Asch. & Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium cratericola'' Eastw. (1934) * ''Allium crenulatum'' Wiegand (1899) * ''Allium crispum'' Greene (1888) * ''Allium cristophii'' Trautv. (1884) * ''Allium croaticum'' Bogdanovic, Brullo, Mitic & Salmeri (2008) * ''Allium crystallinum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium cucullatum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium cupani'' Raf. (1810) * ''Allium cupuliferum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium curtum'' Boiss. & Gaill. (1859) * ''Allium cuthbertii'' Small (1903) * ''Allium cyaneum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium cyathophorum'' Bureau & Franch. (1891) * ''Allium cyprium'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium cyrilli'' Ten. (1827) * ''Allium czelghauricum'' Bordz. (1912) === D === * ''Allium daghestanicum'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium damascenum'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium daninianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1996) * ''Allium darwasicum'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium dasyphyllum'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium decaisnei'' C.Presl (1845) * ''Allium deciduum'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium decipiens'' Fisch. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium delicatulum'' Siev. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium deltoidefistulosum'' S.O.Yu, S.Lee & W.T.Lee (1981) * ''Allium dentiferum'' Webb & Berthel. (1848) * ''Allium dentigerum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium denudatum'' F.Delaroche (1812) * ''Allium derderianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium deserti-syriaci'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium desertorum'' Forssk. (1775) * ''Allium diabolense'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium dichlamydeum'' Greene (1888) * ''Allium dictuon'' H.St.John (1937) * ''Allium dictyoprasum'' C.A.Mey. ex Kunth (1843) * ''Allium dictyoscordum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium dilatatum'' Zahar. (1977) * ''Allium dinsmorei'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1952) * ''Allium diomedeum'' Brullo & al. (2001 publ. 2002) * ''Allium dirphianum'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium djimilense'' Boiss. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium dodecadontum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium dodecanesi'' Karavok. & Tzanoud. (1994 publ. 1995) * ''Allium dolichomischum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium dolichostylum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium douglasii'' Hook. (1838) * ''Allium drepanophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium drobovii'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium drummondii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium drusorum'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium dumetorum'' Feinbrun & Szel., Palestine J. Bot. (1948) * ''Allium durangoense'' Traub (1968) === E === * ''Allium ebusitanum'' Font Quer (1924) * ''Allium eduardii'' Stearn ex Airy Shaw (1946) * ''Allium egorovae'' M.V.Agab. & Ogan. (2000) * ''Allium eivissanum'' Garbari & Miceli (1987) * ''Allium elburzense'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium eldivanense'' Özhatay (1986) * ''Allium elegans'' Drobow (1917) * ''Allium elegantulum'' Kitag. (1933 publ. 1935) * ''Allium ellisii'' Hook.f. (1903) * ''Allium elmaliense'' Deniz & Sümbül (2004) * ''Allium elmendorfii'' M.E.Jones ex Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium enginii'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium erdelii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium eremoprasum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium ericetorum'' Thore (1803) * ''Allium eriocoleum'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium ertugrulii'' Demir. & Uysal (2007 publ. 2008) * ''Allium erubescens'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium erythraeum'' Griseb. (1846) * ''Allium esfandiarii'' Matin (1989) * ''Allium euboicum'' Rech.f. (1961) * ''Allium eugenii'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium eurotophilum'' Wiggins (1933) * ''Allium eusperma'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium exaltatum'' (Meikle) Brullo, Pavone, Salmeri & Venora (2004) * ''Allium exile'' Boiss. & Orph. (1859) === F === * ''Allium falcifolium'' Hook. & Arn. (1840) * ''Allium fanjingshanense'' C.D.Yang & G.Q.Gou (2008) * ''Allium fantasmasense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium farctum'' Wendelbo (1967) * ''Allium fasciculatum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium favosum'' Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium fedtschenkoi'' Nábelek (1929) * ''Allium feinbergii'' Oppenh. (1940) * ''Allium ferganicum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium fethiyense'' Özhatay & B.Mathew (1995) * ''Allium fetisowii'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium fibriferum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium fibrillum'' M.E.Jones ex Abrams (1922) * ''Allium filidens'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium filidentiforme'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium fimbriatum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''[[Allium fistulosum]]'' L. (1753) * ''Allium flavellum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium flavescens'' Besser (1821) * ''Allium flavidum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium flavovirens'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium flavum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium flexuosum'' d'Urv. (1822) * ''Allium forrestii'' Diels (1912) * ''Allium franciniae'' Brullo & Pavone (1983) * ''Allium fraseri'' (Ownbey) Shinners (1951) * ''Allium frigidum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1854) * ''Allium fritschii'' F.O.Khass. & Yengal. (1997) * ''Allium funckiifolium'' Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien (1920) * ''Allium fuscoviolaceum'' Fomin (1909) * ''Allium fuscum'' Waldst. & Kit. (1807) === G === * ''Allium galanthum'' Kar. & Kir. (1842) * ''Allium galileum'' Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2008) * ''Allium garbarii'' Peruzzi (2007) * ''Allium geyeri'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium giganteum'' Regel (1883) * ''Allium gilgiticum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) * ''Allium gillii'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium glaciale'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium glandulosum'' Link & Otto (1828) * ''Allium glomeratum'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium glumaceum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium goekyigitii'' Ekim, H.Duman & Güner (1999) * ''Allium goloskokovii'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium gomphrenoides'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1846) * ''Allium gooddingii'' Ownbey (1949) * ''Allium gorumsense'' (Regel) Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium goulimyi'' Tzanoud. (1983) * ''Allium gracillimum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium gramineum'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium grande'' Lipsky (1894) * ''Allium greuteri'' Brullo & Pavone (1983) * ''Allium griffithianum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium grisellum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium grosii'' Font Quer (1924) * ''Allium guanxianense'' J.M.Xu (1993) * ''Allium guatemalense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium gubanovii'' Kamelin, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1980) * ''Allium guicciardii'' Heldr. (1876) * ''Allium gunibicum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium gusaricum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium guttatum'' Steven (1809) * ''Allium gypsaceum'' Popov & Vved. (1924) * ''Allium gypsodictyum'' Vved. (1941) === H === * ''Allium haemanthoides'' Boiss. & Reut. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium haematochiton'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium hamrinense'' Hand.-Mazz. (1914) * ''Allium haneltii'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1998) * ''Allium hedgei'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium heldreichii'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium helicophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium hemisphaericum'' (Sommier) Brullo (1988) * ''Allium henryi'' C.H.Wright (1895) * ''Allium herderianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium hermoneum'' (Kollmann & Shmida) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2007) * ''Allium heteronema'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1980) * ''Allium hexaceras'' Vved. (1963) * ''Allium hickmanii'' Eastw. (1903) * ''Allium hierosolymorum'' Regel (1890) * ''Allium hindukuschense'' Kamelin & Seisums (1996) * ''Allium hintoniorum'' B.L.Turner (1993 publ. 1994) * ''Allium hirtovaginatum'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium hirtovaginum'' Candargy (1897) * ''Allium hissaricum'' Vved. (1963) * ''Allium hoffmanii'' Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium hollandicum'' R.M.Fritsch (1993) * ''Allium hookeri'' Thwaites (1864) * ''Allium hooshidaryae'' Mashayekhi, Zarre & R.M.Fritsch (2005) * ''Allium horvatii'' Lovric (1971 publ. 1972) * ''Allium howellii'' Eastw. (1938) * ''Allium huber-morathii'' Kollmann, Özhatay & Koyuncu (1983) * ''Allium humile'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium huntiae'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium hyalinum'' Curran (1885) * ''Allium hymenorhizum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium hymettium'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1859) * ''Allium hypsistum'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) === I === * ''Allium ilgazense'' Özhatay (1986) * ''Allium iliense'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium inaequale'' Janka (1860) * ''Allium inconspicuum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium incrustatum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium inderiense'' Fisch. ex Bunge (1838) * ''Allium inops'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium insubricum'' Boiss. & Reut. (1857) * ''Allium insufficiens'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium integerrimum'' Zahar. (1977) * ''Allium inutile'' Makino (1898) * ''Allium ionandrum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium ionicum'' Brullo & Tzanoud. (1994) * ''Allium iranicum'' (Wendelbo) Wendelbo (1985) * ''Allium isakulii'' R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass. (2000) * ''Allium isauricum'' Hub.-Mor. & Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium isfairamicum'' B.Fedtsch. (1906) * ''Allium ivasczenkoae'' Kotukhov (2003) === J === * ''Allium jacquemontii'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium jaxarticum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium jepsonii'' (Ownbey & Aase) S.S.Denison & McNeal (1989) * ''Allium jesdianum'' Boiss. & Buhse (1860) * ''Allium jodanthum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium joharchii'' F.O.Khass. & Memariani (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium jubatum'' J.F.Macbr. (1918) * ''Allium jucundum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium juldusicola'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium julianum'' Brullo, Gangale & Uzunov (2007) * ''Allium junceum'' Sm. (1809) === K === * ''Allium karacae'' Koyuncu (1994) * ''Allium karamanoglui'' Koyuncu & Kollmann (1978 publ. 1979) * ''Allium karataviense'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium karelinii'' Poljakov (1950) * ''Allium karistanum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium karyeteini'' Post (1895) * ''Allium kaschianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium kastambulense'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium kasteki'' Popov, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1938) * ''Allium kazerouni'' Parsa (1949) * ''Allium kermesinum'' Rchb. (1848) * ''Allium kharputense'' Freyn & Sint. (1892) * ''Allium kingdonii'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium kirindicum'' Bornm. (1915) * ''Allium koelzii'' (Wendelbo) Perss. & Wendelbo (1979) * ''Allium koenigianum'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium kokanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium kollmannianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1991) * ''Allium komarowii'' Lipsky (1900) * ''Allium kopetdagense'' Vved. (1932) * ''Allium koreanum'' H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh (2004) * ''Allium korolkowii'' Regel (1873) * ''Allium kossoricum'' Fomin (1909) * ''Allium kotschyi'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium koyuncui'' H.Duman & Özhatay (2000 publ. 2001) * ''Allium kuhsorkhense'' R.M.Fritsch & Joharchi (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium kujukense'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium kunthianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium kuramense'' F.O.Khass. & N.V.Friesen (1998) * ''Allium kurssanovii'' Popov, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir. (1938) * ''Allium kurtzianum'' Asch. & Sint. ex Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium kysylkumi'' Kamelin (1980) === L === * ''Allium lachnophyllum'' Paine (1875) * ''Allium lacunosum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium lagarophyllum'' Brullo, Pavone & Tzanoud. (1993) * ''Allium lalesaricum'' Freyn & Bornm. (1900) * ''Allium lamondiae'' Wendelbo (1967) * ''Allium lasiophyllum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium latifolium'' Jaub. & Spach (1844) * ''Allium ledebourianum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium lefkarense'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium lehmannianum'' Merckl. ex Bunge (1851) * ''Allium lehmannii'' Lojac. (1909) * ''Allium lemmonii'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium lenkoranicum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium leptomorphum'' Vved. (1952) * ''Allium leucanthum'' K.Koch (1849) * ''Allium leucocephalum'' Turcz. ex Ledeb. (1852) * ''Allium leucosphaerum'' Aitch. & Baker, Trans. Linn. Soc. London (1886) * ''Allium libani'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium lilacinum'' Klotzsch (1862) * ''Allium lineare'' L. (1753) * ''Allium linearifolium'' H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh (2003) * ''Allium lipskyanum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium listera'' Stearn (1934) * ''Allium litorale'' Konta, Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo (2005) * ''Allium litvinovii'' Drobow ex Vved. (1971) * ''Allium lojaconoi'' Brullo, Lanfr. & Pavone (1982) * ''Allium longanum'' Pamp. (1912) * ''Allium longicollum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium longifolium'' (Kunth) Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium longipapillatum'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium longiradiatum'' (Regel) Vved. (1923) * ''Allium longisepalum'' Bertol. (1842) * ''Allium longistylum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium longivaginatum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium lopadusanum'' Bartolo, Brullo & Pavone (1986) * ''Allium loratum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium lusitanicum'' Lam. (1783) * ''Allium luteolum'' Halácsy (1904) * ''Allium lutescens'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium lycaonicum'' Siehe ex Hayek (1914) === M === * ''Allium maackii'' (Maxim.) Prokh. ex Kom. (1931) * ''Allium macedonicum'' Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium machmelianum'' Post (1892) * ''Allium macleanii'' Baker (1883) * ''Allium macranthum'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium macrochaetum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium macropetalum'' Rydb. (1904) * ''Allium macrostemon'' Bunge (1833) * ''Allium macrostylum'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium macrum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium madidum'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium mairei'' H.Lév. (1909) * ''Allium majus'' Vved. (1941) * ''Allium malyschevii'' N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium maniaticum'' Brullo & Tzanoud. (1989) * ''Allium mannii'' Traub & T.M.Howard (1968) * ''Allium maowenense'' J.M.Xu (1994) * ''Allium marathasicum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1993) * ''Allium mareoticum'' Bornm. & Gauba (1933) * ''Allium margaritae'' B.Fedtsch. (1918) * ''Allium margaritiferum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium marginatum'' Janka (1884) * ''Allium mariae'' Bordz. (1915) * ''Allium marschalianum'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium massaessylum'' Batt. & Trab. (1892) * ''Allium materculae'' Bordz. (1915) * ''Allium maximowiczii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium megalobulbon'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium melanantherum'' Pancic (1883) * ''Allium melananthum'' Coincy (1895) * ''Allium melitense'' (Sommier & Caruana ex Borg) Cif. & Giacom. (1950) * ''Allium melliferum'' Traub (1972) * ''Allium membranaceum'' Munz & Keck ex Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium meteoricum'' Heldr. & Hausskn. (1904) * ''Allium mexicanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium michoacanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium micranthum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium microdictyon'' Prokh. (1929-1930 publ. 1930) * ''Allium microspathum'' Ekberg (1969) * ''Allium minutiflorum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium minutum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium mirum'' Wendelbo (1959) * ''Allium moly'' L. (1753) * ''Allium monanthum'' Maxim. (1887) * ''Allium mongolicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium monophyllum'' Vved. ex Czerniak. (1930) * ''Allium montelburzense'' R.M.Fritsch, Salmaki & Zarre (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium montenegrinum'' Beck & Szyszyl * ''Allium montibaicalense'' N.Friesen (1992) * ''Allium monticola'' Davidson (1921) * ''Allium moschatum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium multibulbosum'' Jacq. (1773) * ''Allium multiflorum'' Desf. (1798) * ''Allium munzii'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium myrianthum'' Boiss. (1844) === N === * ''Allium nanodes'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium narcissiflorum'' Vill. (1779) * ''Allium nathaliae'' Seregin (2004) * ''[[Allium neapolitanum]]'' Cirillo (1788) * ''Allium nebrodense'' Guss. (1827) * ''Allium negevense'' Kollmann (1969) * ''Allium nemrutdaghense'' Kit Tan & Sorger (1986) * ''Allium neriniflorum'' (Herb.) G.Don (1855) * ''Allium nevadense'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium nevii'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium nevsehirense'' Koyuncu & Kollmann (1978 publ. 1979) * ''Allium nevskianum'' Vved. (1969) * ''Allium nigrum'' L. (1762) * ''Allium noeanum'' Reut. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium notabile'' Feinbrun, Palestine J. Bot. (1943) * ''Allium nuristanicum'' Kitam. (1958) * ''Allium nutans'' L. (1753) === O === * ''Allium obliquum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium obtusiflorum'' DC. (1805) * ''Allium obtusum'' Lemmon (1890) * ''Allium ochotense'' Prokh. (1929-1930 publ. 1930) * ''Allium oleraceum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium oliganthum'' Kar. & Kir. (1841) * ''Allium olivieri'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium oltense'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium olympicum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium omeiense'' Z.Y.Zhu, Bull. Bot. Res. (1989) * ''Allium opacum'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1950) * ''Allium ophiophyllum'' Vved., Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ., Ser. 8b (1928) * ''Allium oporinanthum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1997) * ''Allium oreodictyum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium oreophiloides'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium oreophilum'' C.A.Mey. (1831) * ''Allium oreoprasoides'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium oreoprasum'' Schrenk (1842) * ''Allium oreoscordum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium orientale'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium orunbaii'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium oschaninii'' O.Fedtsch. (1906) échalote grise * ''Allium ovalifolium'' Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien (1923 publ. 1924) * ''Allium ownbeyi'' Traub (1968) === P === * ''Allium paepalanthoides'' Airy Shaw (1931) * ''Allium palentinum'' Losa & P.Monts. (1953) * ''Allium pallasii'' Murray (1775) * ''Allium pallens'' L. (1762) * ''Allium pamiricum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium pangasicum'' Turak. (1986) * ''Allium paniculatum'' L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1759) * ''Allium panjaoense'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium papillare'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium paradoxum'' (M.Bieb.) G.Don (1827) * ''Allium parciflorum'' Viv., Fl. Cors. Prodr. (1825) * ''Allium pardoi'' Loscos (1877) * ''Allium parishii'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium parnassicum'' (Boiss.) Halácsy (1904) * ''Allium parryi'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium parvulum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium parvum'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium passeyi'' N.H.Holmgren & A.H.Holmgren (1974) * ''Allium pendulinum'' Ten. (1811) * ''Allium peninsulare'' Lemmon ex Greene (1888) * ''Allium pentadactyli'' Brullo, Pavone & G.Samp. (1989) * ''Allium perdulce'' S.V.Fraser (1939) * ''Allium permixtum'' Guss. (1827) * ''Allium peroninianum'' Azn. (1897) * ''Allium pervestitum'' Klokov (1950) * ''Allium petraeum'' Kar. & Kir. (1842) * ''Allium petri'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (2002) * ''Allium pevtzovii'' Prokh. (1930) * ''Allium phalereum'' Heldr. & Sart. (1876) * ''Allium phanerantherum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium phariense'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium phitosianum'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium phrygium'' Boiss. & Balansa (1882) * ''Allium phthioticum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1882) * ''Allium pictistamineum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium pilosum'' Sm. (1819) * ''Allium platakisii'' Tzanoud. & Kypr. (1993) * ''Allium platycaule'' S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium platyspathum'' Schrenk (1841) * ''Allium plummerae'' S.Watson (1882) * ''Allium plurifoliatum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium podolicum'' Blocki ex Racib. & Szafer (1919) * ''Allium pogonotepalum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium polyanthum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium polyrhizum'' Turcz. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium ponticum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium popovii'' Vved. (1923) * ''[[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Allium porrum]]'' (ovan-karazan' ny ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'') -- tongolo, tongoloherana * ''Allium potosiense'' Traub (1969) * ''Allium praecox'' Brandegee (1906) * ''Allium praemixtum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium prattii'' C.H.Wright, J. Linn. Soc. (1903) * ''Allium proliferum'' (Moench) Schrad. ex Wild * ''Allium proponticum'' Stearn & Özhatay (1977) * ''Allium prostratum'' Trevir. (1822) * ''Allium protensum'' Wendelbo (1968) * ''Allium pruinatum'' Link ex Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium przewalskianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium psebaicum'' Mikheev (2004) * ''Allium pseudoalbidum'' N.Friesen & Özhatay (1998) * ''Allium pseudoampeloprasum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium pseudobodeanum'' R.M.Fritsch & Matin (2002) * ''Allium pseudocalyptratum'' Mouterde (1953) * ''Allium pseudoflavum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium pseudophanerantherum'' Rech.f., Ark. Bot., n.s. (1952) * ''Allium pseudostamineum'' Kollmann & Shmida (1977) * ''Allium pseudostrictum'' Albov (1895) * ''Allium pseudowinklerianum'' R.M.Fritsch & F.O.Khass. (2000) * ''Allium pskemense'' B.Fedtsch. (1905) * ''Allium pueblanum'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium pumilum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium punctum'' L.F.Hend. (1930) * ''Allium pustulosum'' Boiss. & Hausskn. (1882) * ''Allium pyrenaicum'' Costa & Vayr. (1877) === Q === * ''Allium qasyunense'' Mouterde (1953) === R === * ''Allium ramazanicum'' Parsa (1949) * ''Allium ramosum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium rausii'' Brullo & al. (2003) * ''Allium rechingeri'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium reconditum'' Pastor, Valdés & J.M.Muñoz (1983) * ''Allium regelianum'' Beck (1880) * ''Allium regelii'' Trautv. (1884) * ''Allium registanicum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium retrorsum'' (Özhatay & Kollmann) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Salmeri (2007) * ''Allium reuterianum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium rhabdotum'' Stearn, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) (1960) * ''Allium rhetoreanum'' Nábelek (1929) * ''Allium rhizomatum'' Wooton & Standl. (1913) * ''Allium rhodiacum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1992) * ''Allium rhodopeum'' Velen., Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. (1890) * ''Allium rhynchogynum'' Diels (1912) * ''Allium ritsi'' Iatroú & Tzanoud. (1995) * ''Allium robertianum'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium robinsonii'' L.F.Hend. (1930) * ''Allium roborowskianum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium robustum'' Kar. & Kir. (1841) * ''Allium rollovii'' Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium rosenbachianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium rosenorum'' R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium roseum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium rothii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium rotundum'' L. (1762) * ''Allium rouyi'' Gaut. (1898) * ''Allium roylei'' Stearn (1947) * ''Allium rubellum'' M.Bieb. (1808) * ''Allium rubens'' Schrad. ex Willd. (1809) * ''Allium rubrovittatum'' Boiss. & Heldr. (1854) * ''Allium rude'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium ruhmerianum'' Asch. ex E.A.Durand & Barratte (1910) * ''Allium runemarkii'' Trigas & Tzanoud. (2000) * ''Allium runyonii'' Ownbey (1950) * ''Allium rupestre'' Steven (1812) * ''Allium rupestristepposum'' N.Friesen (1992) * ''Allium rupicola'' Boiss. ex Mouterde (1966) === S === * ''Allium sabulosum'' Steven ex Bunge (1838) * ''Allium sabzakense'' Wendelbo (1971) * ''Allium sacculiferum'' Maxim. (1859) * ''Allium sairamense'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium salinum'' A.I.Baranov & Skvortsov (1965) * ''Allium samothracicum'' Tzanoud., Strid & Kit Tan, Portugaliae Act. Biol., Sér. B (2000) * ''Allium samurense'' Cholokashvili (1967) * ''Allium sanbornii'' Alph.Wood (1868) * ''Allium sandrasicum'' Kollmann, Özhatay & Bothmer (1983) * ''Allium sannineum'' Gomb. (1937 publ. 1938) * ''Allium saposhnikovii'' Nikitina (1962) * ''Allium sarawschanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''[[Allium sativum]]'' L. (1753) -- tongologasy * ''Allium savii'' Parl. (1852) * ''Allium saxatile'' M.Bieb. (1798) * ''Allium scaberrimum'' M.Serres (1857) * ''Allium scabriflorum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium scabriscapum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium schachimardanicum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium schergianum'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium schischkinii'' Sobolevsk (1949) * ''Allium schmitzii'' Cout. (1896) * ''Allium schoenoprasoides'' Regel (1878) * ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' L. (1753) -- tongoloravina * ''Allium schrenkii'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium schubertii'' Zucc. (1843) * ''Allium schugnanicum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium scilloides'' Douglas ex S.Watson (1879) * ''Allium scorodoprasum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium scorzonerifolium'' Desf. ex DC. (1804) * ''Allium scotostemon'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium scrobiculatum'' Vved. (1923) * ''Allium semenovii'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium senescens'' L. (1753) * ''Allium sergii'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium serra'' McNeal & Ownbey (1977) * ''Allium setifolium'' Schrenk (1841) * ''Allium severtzovioides'' R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium sewerzowii'' Regel (1868) * ''Allium sharsmithiae'' (Ownbey & Aase) McNeal (1992) * ''Allium shatakiense'' Rech.f. (1939) * ''Allium shelkovnikovii'' Grossh. (1927) * ''Allium shevockii'' McNeal (1987) * ''Allium sibthorpianum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium siculum'' Ucria (1793) * ''Allium sieheanum'' Hausskn. ex Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium sikkimense'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium simillimum'' L.F.Hend. (1900) * ''Allium sinaiticum'' Boiss. (1854) * ''Allium sindjarense'' Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Regel (1875) * ''Allium sinkiangense'' F.T.Wang & Y.C.Tang (1980) * ''Allium sintenisii'' Freyn (1892) * ''Allium siphonanthum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium sipyleum'' Boiss. (1844) * ''Allium siskiyouense'' Munz & Keck ex Ownbey (1972) * ''Allium sivasicum'' Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium sochense'' R.M.Fritsch & Turak. (2002) * ''Allium songpanicum'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium sordidiflorum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium sosnovskyanum'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium spathaceum'' Steud. ex A.Rich. (1850) * ''Allium spathulatum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1998) * ''Allium speculae'' Ownbey & Aase (1959) * ''Allium sphaerocephalon'' L. (1753) * ''Allium spicatum'' (Prain) N.Friesen (2000) * ''Allium spirale'' Willd., Enum. Pl. (1814) * ''Allium spirophyllum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium splendens'' Willd. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium sprengeri'' Regel (1889) * ''Allium spurium'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium stamineum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium staticiforme'' Sm. (1809) * ''Allium stearnianum'' Koyuncu, Özhatay & Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium stellatum'' Nutt. ex Ker Gawl. (1813) * ''Allium stellerianum'' Willd. (1799) * ''Allium stenodon'' Nakai & Kitag. (1933 publ. 1934) * ''Allium stenopetalum'' Boiss. & Kotschy (1882) * ''Allium stephanophorum'' Vved. (1924) * ''Allium stipitatum'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium stocksianum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium stoloniferum'' Ownbey ex T.D.Jacobson (1979) * ''Allium stracheyi'' Baker (1874) * ''Allium strictum'' Schrad. (1809) * ''Allium struzlianum'' Ogan. (1999) * ''Allium stylosum'' O.Schwarz (1934) * ''Allium suaveolens'' Jacq. (1789) * ''Allium subangulatum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium subhirsutum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium subnotabile'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium subteretifolium'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium subtilissimum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium subvillosum'' Salzm. ex Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) * ''Allium sulphureum'' Vved. (1946) * ''Allium suworowii'' Regel (1881) * ''Allium svetlanae'' Vved. ex Filim. (1982) * ''Allium synnotii'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium szovitsii'' Regel (1875) === T === * ''Allium taciturnum'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium taeniopetalum'' Popov & Vved. (1934) * ''Allium taishanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium talassicum'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium talijevii'' Klokov (1950) * ''Allium talyschense'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) * ''Allium tanguticum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tardans'' Greuter & Zahar. (1975) * ''Allium tardiflorum'' F.Kollmann & Shmida (1990 publ. 1991) * ''Allium tashkenticum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1994) * ''Allium tauricola'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium tchihatschewii'' Boiss. (1860) * ''Allium tekesicola'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tel-avivense'' Eig (1931) * ''Allium telaponense'' Traub (1968) * ''Allium tenuicaule'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium tenuiflorum'' Ten. (1811) * ''Allium tenuissimum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium teretifolium'' Regel (1878) * ''Allium texanum'' T.M.Howard (1990 publ. 1991) * ''Allium textile'' A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr. (1913) * ''Allium thessalicum'' Brullo & al. (1994) * ''Allium thunbergii'' G.Don (1827) * ''Allium tianschanicum'' Rupr., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. (1869) * ''Allium togashii'' H.Hara (1953) * ''Allium tokaliense'' Kamelin & Levichev (1986) * ''Allium tolmiei'' Baker (1876) * ''Allium tourneuxii'' Chabert (1889) * ''Allium trachycoleum'' Wendelbo (1969) * ''Allium trachyscordum'' Vved. (1925) * ''Allium transvestiens'' Vved. (1935) * ''Allium traubii'' T.M.Howard (1967) * ''Allium trautvetterianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium tribracteatum'' Torr., Pacif. Railr. Rep. Parke (1857) * ''Allium trichocnemis'' J.Gay, Ann. Sci. Nat. (1847) * ''Allium tricoccum'' Sol. (1789) * ''Allium trifoliatum'' Cirillo (1792) * ''Allium trifurcatum'' (F.T.Wang & Tang) J.M.Xu (1991) * ''Allium tripedale'' Trautv. (1873) * ''Allium tripterum'' Nasir (1975) * ''Allium triquetrum'' L. (1753) * ''Allium truncatum'' (Feinbrun) F.Kollmann & D.Zohary (1986) * ''Allium tschimganicum'' B.Fedtsch. (1923) * ''Allium tschulaktavicum'' Bajtenov & Nelina, Izv. Natsion. Akad. Nauk Resp. Kazakhstan (1993 publ. 1994) * ''Allium tubergenii'' Freyn (1900) * ''[[Allium tuberosum]]'' Rottler ex Spreng. (1825) * ''Allium tubiflorum'' Rendle (1906) * ''Allium tuchalense'' F.O.Khass. & Noroozi (2006 publ. 2007) * ''Allium tulipifolium'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium tuncelianum'' (Kollmann) Özhatay, B.Mathew & Siraneci (1995) * ''Allium tuolumnense'' (Ownbey & Aase) S.S.Denison & McNeal (1989) * ''Allium turcicum'' Özhatay & Cowley (1994) * ''Allium turcomanicum'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium turkestanicum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium turtschicum'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium tuvinicum'' (N.Friesen) N.Friesen (1987) * ''Allium tytthanthum'' Vved. (1934) * ''Allium tytthocephalum'' Schult. & Schult.f. (1830) === U === * ''Allium ubsicola'' Regel (1887) * ''Allium umbilicatum'' Boiss. (1859) * ''Allium unifolium'' Kellogg (1863) * ''Allium urmiense'' Kamelin & Seisums (1996) * ''Allium ursinum'' L. (1753) ail des ours === V === * ''Allium valdesianum'' Brullo, Pavone & Salmeri (1996) * ''Allium valentinae'' Pavlov (1953) * ''Allium validum'' S.Watson (1871) * ''Allium variegatum'' Boiss. (1846) * ''Allium vasilevskajae'' Ogan. (2000) * ''Allium vavilovii'' Popov & Vved. (1932) * ''Allium verticillatum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium vescum'' Wendelbo (1966) * ''Allium victorialis'' L. (1753) * ''Allium victoris'' Vved. (1971) * ''Allium vineale'' L. (1753) ail des vignes * ''Allium vinicolor'' Wendelbo (1973) * ''Allium virgunculae'' Maek. & Kitam. (1952) * ''Allium viridiflorum'' Pobed. (1949) * ''Allium viridulum'' Ledeb. (1830) * ''Allium vodopjanovae'' N.Friesen (1985) * ''Allium vvedenskyanum'' Pavlov (1949) === W === * ''Allium wallichii'' Kunth (1843) * ''Allium warzobicum'' Kamelin (1980) * ''Allium weissii'' Boiss. (1882) * ''Allium wendelboanum'' Kollmann (1983) * ''Allium wendelboi'' Matin (1989) * ''Allium weschniakowii'' Regel (1879) * ''Allium wiedemannianum'' Regel (1875) * ''Allium willeanum'' Holmboe (1914) * ''Allium winklerianum'' Regel (1884) * ''Allium woronowii'' Miscz. ex Grossh. (1928) === X === * ''Allium xiangchengense'' J.M.Xu (1993) * ''Allium xichuanense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium xiphopetalum'' Aitch. & Baker, Trans. Linn. Soc. London (1888) === Y === * ''Allium yanchiense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium yongdengense'' J.M.Xu (1980) * ''Allium yosemitense'' Eastw. (1934) * ''Allium yuanum'' F.T.Wang & Tang (1937) === Z === * ''Allium zaissanicum'' Kotukhov (2003) * ''Allium zaprjagajevii'' Kasach (1973) * ''Allium zebdanense'' Boiss. & Noë (1859) * ''Allium zergericum'' F.O.Khass. & R.M.Fritsch (1994) === Karazana misy eto Madagasikara === Eto [[Madagasikara]], ny karazana ''Allium'' dia tsy ahitana karazana teratany. Nampidirina avokoa ny karazana misy izay ambolena indrindra hatao [[sakafo]] sy hampiasaina amin' ny [[fitsaboana nentim-paharazana]]. * ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' <small>L.</small> (karazana tongolodia) ** ''[[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum]]'' <small>L.</small> (← ''Allium porrum'' <small>L.</small>) – tongolo, tongoloherana * ''[[Allium cepa]]'' <small>L.</small> – tongolo, tongolobe ** [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'']] <small>G. Don</small> (← ''Allium ascalonicum'' <small>L.</small>) -- tongolomadinika * ''[[Allium fistulosum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongolomaitso * ''[[Allium neapolitanum]]'' <small>Cirillo</small> -- * ''[[Allium sativum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongologasy, tongolonkova, tongololay * ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' <small>L.</small> -- tongoloravina * ''[[Allium tuberosum]]'' <small>Rottler ex Spreng.</small> -- == Jereo koa == * [[Legioma]] * [[Anana]] * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativum'') * [[Allium cepa|Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'') * [[Allium schoenoprasum|Tongoloravina]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Tongoloherana]] (''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') [[Sokajy:Sakafo]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] qqrqdwzhkr76vyipxuxoygpxxjmbzoc Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum 0 284037 1151358 1151344 2026-09-26T12:44:57Z Thelezifor 15140 Nandamina lahatsoratra 1151358 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Poireaux.jpg|vignette|Tongoloherana|383x383px]] Ny '''''Allium ampeloprasum''''' '''var.''' '''''porrum''''' dia karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'', maniry isan-taona, ambolena be dia be hahazoana raviny hatao [[anana]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''tongoloherana''' na '''tongolo''' fotsiny. ''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'' <small>L.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Taloha izy dia fantatra amin' ny anarana ara-tsiansa hoe '''''Allium porrum'''''. Avy amin' ny fiambolena ny ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' izy ary voafantina noho ny raviny. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativa'') * [[Allium cepa|Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'') * [[Allium schoenoprasum|Tongoloravina]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') * [[Legioma]] * [[Anana]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] r4wzwq3ympz7i2mvgw6xs69hxkpuf9l 1151367 1151358 2026-09-26T12:56:20Z Thelezifor 15140 1151367 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Poireaux.jpg|vignette|Tongoloherana|383x383px]] Ny '''''Allium ampeloprasum''''' '''var.''' '''''porrum''''' dia karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'', maniry isan-taona, ambolena be dia be hahazoana raviny hatao [[anana]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''tongoloherana''' na '''tongolo''' fotsiny. ''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'' <small>L.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Taloha izy dia fantatra amin' ny anarana ara-tsiansa hoe '''''Allium porrum'''''. Avy amin' ny fiambolena ny ''[[Allium ampeloprasum]]'' izy ary voafantina noho ny raviny. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativum'') * [[Allium cepa|Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'') * [[Allium schoenoprasum|Tongoloravina]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') * [[Legioma]] * [[Anana]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] 5wu36ez3scbgtoq3gmlqvi0ef7jbe60 Allium cepa var. aggregatum 0 284038 1151362 1151330 2026-09-26T12:52:42Z Thelezifor 15140 Anarana ara-tsiansa 1151362 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Échalotes variétés.jpg|vignette|366x366px|Tongolomadinika]] Ny '''''Allium cepa var. aggregatum''''' dia zavamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (''[[Liliaceae]]'' taloha), ambolena hanatsarana sakafo na hatao [[anana]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''tongolomadinika'''. ''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'' <small>G. Don</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. ''Allium ascalonicum'' <small>L.</small> na ''Allium hierochuntinum'' <small>Boiss.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa teo aloha. Indraindray ny tongolomadinika dia heverina ho karazana manokana, indraindray ho karazan' ny [[tongolobe]] fotsiny ihany. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' ** [[Tongolo]] ** [[Tongolobe]] ** [[Tongoloherana]] ** [[Tongolo gasy]] ** [[Tongolo raviny]] * [[Anana]] * [[Legioma]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] [[Sokajy:Zavamaniry]] qzessqlyb187ygu5kf2ipdizajvn062 1151363 1151362 2026-09-26T12:53:08Z Thelezifor 15140 1151363 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Échalotes variétés.jpg|vignette|366x366px|Tongolomadinika]] Ny '''''Allium cepa var. aggregatum''''' dia zavamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (''[[Liliaceae]]'' taloha), ambolena hanatsarana sakafo na hatao [[anana]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''tongolomadinika'''. ''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'' <small>G. Don</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. ''Allium ascalonicum'' <small>L.</small> na ''Allium hierochuntinum'' <small>Boiss.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa teo aloha. Indraindray ny tongolomadinika dia heverina ho karazana manokana, indraindray ho ovan-karazan' ny [[tongolobe]] fotsiny ihany. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' ** [[Tongolo]] ** [[Tongolobe]] ** [[Tongoloherana]] ** [[Tongolo gasy]] ** [[Tongolo raviny]] * [[Anana]] * [[Legioma]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] [[Sokajy:Zavamaniry]] hkazzoi9g8shz3j0x39n3u8mff8xgu8 1151368 1151363 2026-09-26T12:58:46Z Thelezifor 15140 Rohy anatiny 1151368 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Échalotes variétés.jpg|vignette|366x366px|Tongolomadinika]] Ny '''''Allium cepa var. aggregatum''''' dia zavamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (''[[Liliaceae]]'' taloha), ambolena hanatsarana sakafo na hatao [[anana]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''tongolomadinika'''. ''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'' <small>G. Don</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. ''Allium ascalonicum'' <small>L.</small> na ''Allium hierochuntinum'' <small>Boiss.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa teo aloha. Indraindray ny tongolomadinika dia heverina ho karazana manokana, indraindray ho ovan-karazan' ny [[tongolobe]] fotsiny ihany. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativum'') * [[Allium cepa|Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'') * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Tongoloherana]] (''Allium ampeloprasum v''ar. ''porrum'') * [[Allium schoenoprasum|Tongoloravina]] (''Allium schoenoprasum'') * [[Anana]] * [[Legioma]] [[Sokajy:Fambolena]] [[Sokajy:Zavamaniry]] 5zeneo5lebpvhn5x38uk10scadyut1s Allium schoenoprasum 0 284039 1151357 1151340 2026-09-26T12:44:18Z Thelezifor 15140 Nandamina lahatsoratra 1151357 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Ciboulette.JPG|vignette|364x364px|Tongoloravina]] Ny '''''Allium schoenoprasum''''' dia zavamaniry mamony ao amin' ny fianakviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (''[[Liliaceae]]'' na ''[[Alliaceae]]'' teo aloha). Ambolena mba hahazoana ny raviny izay matetika ampiasaina ho fanatsaran-tsakafo izy io. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''tongoloravina'''. ''Allium schoenoprasum'' <small>L.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa. [[Sary:Cocinando.jpg|vignette|Tongoloravina voatetika]] == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativa'') * [[Allium cepa|Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'') * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Tongoloherana]] (''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') * [[Legioma]] lqsq6d02u6fw58lyp53bebd10rdcqor 1151366 1151357 2026-09-26T12:55:28Z Thelezifor 15140 1151366 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Ciboulette.JPG|vignette|364x364px|Tongoloravina]] Ny '''''Allium schoenoprasum''''' dia zavamaniry mamony ao amin' ny fianakviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (''[[Liliaceae]]'' na ''[[Alliaceae]]'' teo aloha). Ambolena mba hahazoana ny raviny izay matetika ampiasaina ho fanatsaran-tsakafo izy io. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''tongoloravina'''. ''Allium schoenoprasum'' <small>L.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa. [[Sary:Cocinando.jpg|vignette|Tongoloravina voatetika]] == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * [[Allium sativum|Tongololay]] na [[Allium sativum|tongologasy]] (''Allium sativum'') * [[Allium cepa|Tongolobe]] (''Allium cepa'') * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|Tongoloherana]] (''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'') * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|Tongolomadinika]] (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'') * [[Legioma]] 08dxtz4ivlkrorfgf9xow0o435aje5i Cottbus 0 285912 1151380 1120593 2026-09-26T23:10:52Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|51|46|N|14|20|E}} {{infobox tanàna |tanàna= Cottbus |firenena={{Alemaina}} |isam-ponina=95.140 |haavo = 65 |velarantany=165.62 |fanjakana = [[Brandenburg]] |ben'ny tanàna=[[:de:Tobias Schick ]] |sary=Cottbus 07-2017 img23 Altmarkt.jpg |saina =DEU Cottbus COA.svg }} ''' Cottbus''' dia kaominina alemana . Ny tanàna ny fanjakana {{Brandenburg}}, [[Alemaina]]. Ny isan' ny mponina ao aminy dia 99.515 araka. ==Jereo Koa== *[[Lisitra ny tanàna ny Alemaina]] {{reflist}} {{commonscat}} [[Sokajy:Tanàna ao Alemaina]] [[Sokajy:Tanàna ao Brandenburg]] gczceocklqtizass9vy9aq5o4igvx38 1151381 1151380 2026-09-26T23:11:23Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|51|46|N|14|20|E}} {{infobox tanàna |tanàna= Cottbus |firenena={{Alemaina}} |isam-ponina=95.140 |haavo = 65 |velarantany=165.62 |fanjakana = [[Brandenburg]] |ben'ny tanàna=[[:de:Tobias Schick ]] |sary=Cottbus 07-2017 img23 Altmarkt.jpg |saina =DEU Cottbus COA.svg }} ''' Cottbus''' dia kaominina alemana . Ny tanàna ny fanjakana {{Brandenburg}}, [[Alemaina]]. Ny isan' ny mponina ao aminy dia 95.140 araka. ==Jereo Koa== *[[Lisitra ny tanàna ny Alemaina]] {{reflist}} {{commonscat}} [[Sokajy:Tanàna ao Alemaina]] [[Sokajy:Tanàna ao Brandenburg]] g6e4eremc6b48w5t3umoyvjveoxqbm1 Wikipedia:Vaovao Wikimedia/2026 4 297414 1151379 1150969 2026-09-26T19:00:05Z Bot-Jagwar 2168 +Vaovao androany 26 Septambra 2026 1151379 wikitext text/x-wiki ; 26 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:bm:|bm.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000}}. ; 19 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:rw:|rw.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:10000}}. ; 18 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:nah:|nah.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:9000}}. ; 17 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:w:chy:|chy.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000}}. * Ny isan'ny mpikambana ao amin'i [[:w:isv:|isv.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000}}. ; 16 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:nah:|nah.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:10000}}. ; 15 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:wikt:ar:|ar.wiktionary]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:100000}}. ; 14 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny fiovana ao amin'i [[:w:ppl:|ppl.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:10000}}. ; 12 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny mpikambana ao amin'i [[:w:koi:|koi.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:10000}}. ; 7 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny fiovana ao amin'i [[:w:av:|av.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:100000}}. ; 1 Septambra 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:nah:|nah.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:9000}}. ; 10 Martsa 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:su:|su.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:100000}}. ; 21 Febroary 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejim-botoatiny ao amin'i [[:wikt:tr:|tr.wiktionary]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000000}}. ; 8 Febroary 2026 * Ny isan'ny fiovana ao amin'i [[:w:my:|my.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000000}}. ; 17 Janoary 2026 * Ny isan'ny mpikambana ao amin'i [[:w:sv:|sv.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000000}}. ; 10 Janoary 2026 * Ny isan'ny pejy rehetra ao amin'i [[:w:vi:|vi.wikipedia]] dia tafidina ho latsaka ny {{formatnum:9000000}}. ; 7 Janoary 2026 * Ny isan'ny fiovana ao amin'i [[:w:new:|new.wikipedia]] dia mihoatra ny {{formatnum:1000000}}. gxr8v1a7zy3klkjgv6ntm7msk50xqwd Asparagales 0 299182 1151386 1135645 2026-09-27T04:38:01Z Thelezifor 15140 /* Lisitry ny fianakaviana */ Nanitsy tsipelina 1151386 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Nolina Menton.JPG|vignette|477x477px|''Beaucarnea recurvata'']] Ny '''Asparagales''' dia filaharan-javamaniry [[Angiospermae|mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] nampidirin' ny [[Fanasokajiana filôjenetika|fanasokajiana]] [[Fanasokajiana filôjenetika|filôjenetika]]. Tafiditra ao anatin' izany ny fianakaviana izay maro amin' izy ireo no anisan' ny filaharan-javamaniry [[Liliales]] na vokatry ny fivakisan' ny fianakaviana ''[[Liliaceae]]''. == Lisitry ny fianakaviana == [[Sary:Asperge in bloei Asparagus officinalis.jpg|vignette|286x286px|''Asparagus officinalis'']] Inty ny lisitry ny fianakaviana ao amin' ny filaharana Asparagales arakany [[fanasokajiana APG III]]: * ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' <small>J.St.-Hil.</small> (tafiditra ao ny ''Agapanthaceae'' <small>F.Voigt</small> sy ny ''Alliaceae'' <small>Borkh.</small>) * ''[[Asparagaceae]]'' <small>Juss.</small> (tafifitra ao ny ''[[Agavoideae|Agavaceae]]'' <small>Dumort.</small> [izay mampiditra koa ny ''Anemarrhenaceae'', ny ''Anthericaceae'', ny ''Behniaceae'' ary ny ''Herreriaceae''], ny ''Aphyllanthaceae'' <small>Burnett</small>, ny ''Hesperocallidaceae'' <small>Traub</small>, ny ''Hyacinthaceae'' <small>Batsch ex Borkh.</small>, ny ''Laxmanniaceae'' <small>Bubani</small>, ny ''[[Ruscaceae]]'' <small>M.Roem.</small> [izay mampiditra koa ny ''Convallariaceae''] ary ny ''Themidaceae'' <small>Salisb.</small>) * ''[[Asteliaceae]]'' <small>Dumort.</small> * ''[[Blandfordiaceae]]'' <small>R.Dahlgren & Clifford</small> * ''[[Boryaceae]]'' <small>M.W. Chase, Rudall & Conran</small> * ''[[Doryanthaceae]]'' <small>R.Dahlgren & Clifford</small> * ''[[Hypoxidaceae]]'' <small>R.Br.</small> * ''[[Iridaceae]]'' <small>Juss.</small> * ''[[Ixioliriaceae]]'' <small>Nakai</small> * ''[[Lanariaceae]]'' <small>R.Dahlgren & A.E.van Wyk</small> * ''[[Orchidaceae]]'' <small>Juss.</small> * ''[[Tecophilaeaceae]]'' <small>Leyb.</small> * ''[[Xanthorrhoeaceae]]'' <small>Dumort.</small> (tafiditra ao ny ''Asphodelaceae'' <small>Juss.</small> sy ny ''Hemerocallidaceae'' <small>R.Br.</small>), izay antsoina ankehitriny hoe ''[[Asphodelaceae]]'' <small>Juss.</small> * ''[[Xeronema|Xeronemataceae]]'' <small>M.W.Chase, Rudall & M.F.Fay</small> == Jereo koa == * [[Liliales]] * ''[[Liliaceae]]'' rik83ln9uobuflrlgvjyorlkbvdnw6v Arthur Henrique 0 301983 1151384 1150841 2026-09-27T03:47:02Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151384 wikitext text/x-wiki [[sary:2024 ARTHUR HENRIQUE CANDIDATO PREFEITO RR BOA VISTA TSE (230002024201).jpg|thumb|Arthur Henrique]] '''Arthur Henrique Brandão Machado''' dia [[mpanao politika]] mizaka ny zom-pirenen'i {{Brazila}} teraka ny 19 Aogositra 1981 tao Boa Vista<ref>(pt) [https://www.folhabv.com.br/politica/pl-filia-prefeito-de-boa-vista-em-evento-com-valdemar-na-sexta-feira-17/ PL filia prefeito de Boa Vista em evento com Valdemar]</ref>. Ben'ny tanàna lefitra, sekretera monisipaly ary ben'ny tanànan'i [[Boa Vista]], renivohitry ny fanjakan'i {{Roraima}}, voafidy tamin'ny 2020 ary voafidy indray tamin'ny 2024 ho an'ny fe-potoana vaovao. Tamin'ny Aprily 2026, nametra-pialana tamin'ny maha ben'ny tanàna azy izy mba hahafahany ho kandidà amin'ny fifidianana ny volana oktobra amin'io taona io ihany.<ref>(pt) [https://boavista.rr.gov.br/prefeitura Prefeitura Boa Vista]</ref> == Fiainana manokana == Niasa tao amin'ny multinationals [[Siemens]] sy [[Capgemini]] izy. Manambady izy ary manan-janaka 4 vavy<ref>(pt) [https://roraimaemtempo.com.br/cidades/primeira-dama-de-boa-vista-e-homenageada-em-evento-para-mulheres-cristas-na-camara-municipal/ Primeira-dama de Boa Vista é homenageada em evento para mulheres cristãs]</ref> ==Jereo koa == {{commonscat|Arthur Henrique Machado}} [[Sokajy:Partido Liberal]] [[Sokajy:Mpanao politika ao Roraima]] [[Sokajy:Ben'ny tanànan'i Roraima]] [[Sokajy:Mpanao politika breziliana]] [[sokajy:Teraka tamin'ny taona 1982]] myco6h7xqeeghzgjpdfngxist78zozn Allium ampeloprasum 0 302145 1151349 2026-09-26T12:14:38Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazana tongolo 1151349 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Allium ampeloprasum2.jpg|vignette|366x366px|''Allium ampeloprasum'']] Ny '''''Allium ampeloprasum''''' dia karazana tongolo maniry maharitra roa taona na mihoatra sady mahazaka sedra, izay ao anatin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (izay noheverina teo aloha fa anisan' ny fianakaviana ''[[Liliaceae]]'' na ''[[Alliaceae]]''). Ny ovan-karazany ambolena dia mananana vodiny lehibe; izay tian' ny mpiangaly nahandro fatratra ny tsiron' ny raviny, sady manome tombontsoa ho an' ny [[tontolo iainana]] ihany koa izy. Zavamaniry maharitra mantsy izy io sady tsy mitaky rano firy ary mahatohitra tsara ny bibikely na biby madinika mpanafika ny tongoloherana mahazatra, ka mahatonga azy ho mora volena nefa tsy mila mampiasa fanafody famonoana bibikely. Efa nohanin' ny olombelona hatramin' ny vanim-potoana [[Paleôlitika]] io karazana tongolo io; io no razamben' ny tongoloherana ([[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'']]) sy ny tongolo bitika naman' io. Samy hafa be amin' io razambeny io anefa ireo ovan-karazany roa ireo, indrindra eo amin' ny fomba fampiasana azy manokana (izay mifantoka amin' ny raviny na amin' ny vodiny). Azo hanina avokoa ny tenan' ilay zavamaniry manontolo, anisan' izany ny voniny. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' d8k5nekryxcnnrbp8k22tpmmkvojlx0 1151359 1151349 2026-09-26T12:46:27Z Thelezifor 15140 Anarana ara-tsiansa 1151359 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Allium ampeloprasum2.jpg|vignette|366x366px|''Allium ampeloprasum'']] Ny '''''Allium ampeloprasum''''' dia karazana tongolo maniry maharitra roa taona na mihoatra sady mahazaka sedra, izay ao anatin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (izay noheverina teo aloha fa anisan' ny fianakaviana ''[[Liliaceae]]'' na ''[[Alliaceae]]''). ''Allium ampeloprasum'' <small>L.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Ny ovan-karazany ambolena dia mananana vodiny lehibe; izay tian' ny mpiangaly nahandro fatratra ny tsiron' ny raviny, sady manome tombontsoa ho an' ny [[tontolo iainana]] ihany koa izy. Zavamaniry maharitra mantsy izy io sady tsy mitaky rano firy ary mahatohitra tsara ny bibikely na biby madinika mpanafika ny tongoloherana mahazatra, ka mahatonga azy ho mora volena nefa tsy mila mampiasa fanafody famonoana bibikely. Efa nohanin' ny olombelona hatramin' ny vanim-potoana [[Paleôlitika]] io karazana tongolo io; io no razamben' ny tongoloherana ([[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'']]) sy ny tongolo bitika naman' io. Samy hafa be amin' io razambeny io anefa ireo ovan-karazany roa ireo, indrindra eo amin' ny fomba fampiasana azy manokana (izay mifantoka amin' ny raviny na amin' ny vodiny). Azo hanina avokoa ny tenan' ilay zavamaniry manontolo, anisan' izany ny voniny. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' pl9a76dws6yaz8vk7jjqx3dask6ufoo Allium fistulosum 0 302146 1151350 2026-09-26T12:24:31Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Amaryllidaceae 1151350 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Allium fistulosum 2.JPG|vignette|461x461px|''Allium fistulosum'' ]] Ny '''''Allium fistulosum''''' dia karazana tongolo maniry maharitra taona maro ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (izay nantsoina hoe ''[[Liliaceae]]'' teo aloha). Ambolena izy io mba hahazoana ny vodiny (izay tsy dia miforona tsara loatra) sy ny raviny manana hanitra manokana, sady malefaka kokoa ny tsirony raha oharina amin' ny tongolobe (''[[Allium cepa]]'') na ny tongolomadibnika ([[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'']]), ary ampiasaina amin' ny nahandro na ho [[legioma]] na hanome hanitra. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' 0ta3zhikx21gy5v6t7gbfswqv6lswxf 1151364 1151350 2026-09-26T12:53:59Z Thelezifor 15140 Anarana ara-tsiansa 1151364 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Allium fistulosum 2.JPG|vignette|461x461px|''Allium fistulosum'' ]] Ny '''''Allium fistulosum''''' dia karazana tongolo maniry maharitra taona maro ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (izay nantsoina hoe ''[[Liliaceae]]'' teo aloha). Ambolena izy io mba hahazoana ny vodiny (izay tsy dia miforona tsara loatra) sy ny raviny manana hanitra manokana, sady malefaka kokoa ny tsirony raha oharina amin' ny tongolobe (''[[Allium cepa]]'') na ny tongolomadibnika ([[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'']]), ary ampiasaina amin' ny nahandro na ho [[legioma]] na hanome hanitra. ''Allium fistulosum'' <small>L.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' 24ey8m8jrxrr0e3f6384hheilkdw8kb Allium neapolitanum 0 302147 1151351 2026-09-26T12:30:47Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Amaryllidaceae 1151351 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Ailblanc.jpg|vignette|356x356px|''Allium neapolitanum'']] Ny '''''Allium neapolitanum''''' dia karazan-javamaniry ahitra maharitra taona maro, izay ao anatin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]''. Mamony amin' ny fiandohan' ny [[lohataona]] izy ary mora fantarina amin' ny voniny fotsy mivondrona toy ny elo. Tsy tokony hafangaro amin' ny ''Allium ursinum'' izy io, satria manana ravina mivelatra kokoa sy voniny marani-tendro ilay karazana fharoa. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' d0nwwy7wv2c9mlvd6o0celvn35vnuh9 1151365 1151351 2026-09-26T12:54:55Z Thelezifor 15140 Anarana ara-tsiansa 1151365 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Ailblanc.jpg|vignette|356x356px|''Allium neapolitanum'']] Ny '''''Allium neapolitanum''''' dia karazan-javamaniry ahitra maharitra taona maro, izay ao anatin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]''. Mamony amin' ny fiandohan' ny [[lohataona]] izy ary mora fantarina amin' ny voniny fotsy mivondrona toy ny elo. Tsy tokony hafangaro amin' ny ''Allium ursinum'' izy io, satria manana ravina mivelatra kokoa sy voniny marani-tendro ilay karazana fharoa. ''Allium neapolitanum'' <small>Cirillo</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' 5zwusfyf6zn4fsemv0dpdyp6de6rxrp Allium tuberosum 0 302148 1151352 2026-09-26T12:38:00Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Amaryllidaceae 1151352 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Allium tuberosum0.jpg|vignette|361x361px|''Allium tuberosum'']] Ny '''''Allium tuberosum''''' dia karazana zavamaniry mamony ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (tao amin' ny ''[[Liliaceae]]'' teo aloha). Karazana tongolo volena hahazoana ny raviny, izay ampiasaina ho anana na zava-manitra, izy io. Teratany any Azia ([[Repoblika Entim-Bahoakan' i Sina|Sina]] sy [[Môngôlia]] ary ny [[Zana-Kôntinenta Indiana|Zana-kôntinanta Indiana]]) ity karazana zavamaniry ity. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' lroq4ert4anlhn7wgidg206zphbpsaq 1151361 1151352 2026-09-26T12:50:34Z Thelezifor 15140 Anarana ara-tsiansa 1151361 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Allium tuberosum0.jpg|vignette|361x361px|''Allium tuberosum'']] Ny '''''Allium tuberosum''''' dia karazana zavamaniry mamony ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaryllidaceae]]'' (tao amin' ny ''[[Liliaceae]]'' teo aloha). Karazana tongolo volena hahazoana ny raviny, izay ampiasaina ho anana na zava-manitra, izy io. ''Allium tuberosum'' <small>Rottler ex Spreng.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Teratany any [[Azia]] ([[Repoblika Entim-Bahoakan' i Sina|Sina]] sy [[Môngôlia]] ary ny [[Zana-Kôntinenta Indiana|Zana-kôntinanta Indiana]]) ity karazana zavamaniry ity. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Allium]]'' * ''[[Allium sativum]]'' * ''[[Allium schoenoprasum]]'' * [[Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum|''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'']] * [[Allium cepa var. aggregatum|''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'']] a6zhc2uqgzuvcr4uajlonwmsiqyrzo1 Aristida rufescens 0 302149 1151371 2026-09-26T13:38:14Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Poaceae 1151371 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''''Aristida rufescens''''' dia karazan-javamaniry mamony (bozaka) ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Poacee|Poaceae]]'', teratany eto [[Madagasikara]] sy ao [[Mayotte]] (ao amin' ny vondronosy [[Kômôro]]). ofaritan' ilay manampahaizana alemàna momba ny ahitra ([[Agrôstôlôjia|agrôstôlôjista]]), Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel, izy io tamin' ny taona 1854. Antsoina amin' ny anarana hoe '''herombavy''', '''horombavy''', '''horombohitra''', '''horona''', '''kifafa''', '''kofafavavy''', '''korona''', na '''pepeka''' izy io amin' ny teny malagasy. == Famariparitana == Karazana ahitra maharitra taona maro sady mitombo mivondrona ity zavamaniry ity, ary manana [[Taranja (taova)|taranja]] (rizôma) fohy. Mitsangana mahitsy ny tahony ary mirefy 70 hatramin' ny100 sm ny halavany; misy tonony mivohitra sy fonon-dravina misy volo izy ireo. Karazana zavamaniry C<small>4</small> ity ahitra ity. === Ravina === Mirefy 30hatramin' ny 40 sm ny halavan' ny raviny ary 3 mm ny sakany. Mafy sy henjana ary mihorona ny endrik' izy ireo. === Vony === Ny firafitry ny voniny dia karazana salohy, ka ny vondron-bony madinika tsirairay dia ahitana vony iray afaka mamokatra voa. Miendrika lefona ireo vondron-bony madinika ireo ary mirefy 8,5 mm ny halavany. == Faritra sy toerana aniriany == Ny ''Aristida rufescens'' dia iray amin' ny karazana ahitra manjaka any amin' ny faritra misy hivoka ao amin' ny Faritra Afovoan' i [[Madagasikara]]. Tena mahatanty afo tsara ity karazana ahitra ity. == Fampiasana == Na dia tsy dia tsara loatra aza ny kalitaony rehefa lehibe, ny tsimoka vaovao mipoitra aorian' ny [[Doro tanety|dorotanety]] dia sakafo be [[Prôteinina|prôteina]] ho an' ny [[omby]] mandritra ny vanim-potoana sarotra (izay tsy dia misy ahitra loatra) eo anelanelan' ny volana Septambra sy Novambra. Ampiasaina hanaovana [[tafon-trano]] sy [[kifafa]] izy io, ary ny [[Lavenona|lavenony]] kosa dia ampiasaina hanaovana fanosotra amin' ny [[fitsaboana nentim-paharazana]]. == Jereo koa == * [[Herombavy]]: [[Aristida adscensionis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A. Camus</small> (''[[Poaceae]]''); ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae''); ''[[Aristida similis]]'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae'') * [[Horona]]: ''[[Alloteropsis semialata]]'' <small>(R.Br.) Hitchc.</small> (← ''Panicum semialata'' <small>R. Br.</small>); ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>.; ''[[Imperata cylindrica]]'' <small>(L.) P.Beauv.</small> (← ''Imperata arundinacea'', ''Lagurus cylindricus'' L.); ''[[Loudetia simplex]]'' <small>(Nees) C.E.Hubb.</small> (← ''Loudetia madagascariensis'' <small>(Baker) Bosser</small>); [[Loudetia simplex|''Loudetia simplex'' subsp''. stipoides'']] <small>Bosser</small>; ''[[Trachypogon spicatus]]'' <small>(L.f.) Kuntze</small> (''[[Poaceae]]'') * [[Kifafa (zavamaniry)]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae''); ''[[Henonia scoparia]]'' <small>Moq.</small> (''[[Amaranthaceae]]''); ''[[Maerua nuda]]'' <small>Scott Elliot</small> (''[[Capparaceae]]''). * [[Pepeka]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae''); [[Aristida adscensionis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A. Camus</small> (''Poaceae'') 5u5d6torlkb9dth579qfyb8kn2xqeh3 1151372 1151371 2026-09-26T13:43:03Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanisy sary 1151372 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Aristida rufescens 105693982.jpg|vignette|377x377px|''Aristida rufescens'']] Ny '''''Aristida rufescens''''' dia karazan-javamaniry mamony (bozaka) ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Poacee|Poaceae]]'', teratany eto [[Madagasikara]] sy ao [[Mayotte]] (ao amin' ny vondronosy [[Kômôro]]). ofaritan' ilay manampahaizana alemàna momba ny ahitra ([[Agrôstôlôjia|agrôstôlôjista]]), Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel, izy io tamin' ny taona 1854. Antsoina amin' ny anarana hoe '''herombavy''', '''horombavy''', '''horombohitra''', '''horona''', '''kifafa''', '''kofafavavy''', '''korona''', na '''pepeka''' izy io amin' ny teny malagasy. == Famariparitana == [[Sary:Aristida rufescens 49433401.jpg|vignette|264x264px|''Aristida rufescens'']] Karazana ahitra maharitra taona maro sady mitombo mivondrona ity zavamaniry ity, ary manana [[Taranja (taova)|taranja]] (rizôma) fohy. Mitsangana mahitsy ny tahony ary mirefy 70 hatramin' ny100 sm ny halavany; misy tonony mivohitra sy fonon-dravina misy volo izy ireo. Karazana zavamaniry mihazona karibônina C<small>4</small> ity ahitra ity. === Ravina === Mirefy 30hatramin' ny 40 sm ny halavan' ny raviny ary 3 mm ny sakany. Mafy sy henjana ary mihorona ny endrik' izy ireo. === Vony === Ny firafitry ny voniny dia karazana salohy, ka ny vondron-bony madinika tsirairay dia ahitana vony iray afaka mamokatra voa. Miendrika lefona ireo vondron-bony madinika ireo ary mirefy 8,5 mm ny halavany. == Faritra sy toerana aniriany == Ny ''Aristida rufescens'' dia iray amin' ny karazana ahitra manjaka any amin' ny faritra misy hivoka ao amin' ny Faritra Afovoan' i [[Madagasikara]]. Tena mahatanty afo tsara ity karazana ahitra ity. == Fampiasana == Na dia tsy dia tsara loatra aza ny kalitaony rehefa lehibe, ny tsimoka vaovao mipoitra aorian' ny [[Doro tanety|dorotanety]] dia sakafo be [[Prôteinina|prôteina]] ho an' ny [[omby]] mandritra ny vanim-potoana sarotra (izay tsy dia misy ahitra loatra) eo anelanelan' ny volana Septambra sy Novambra. Ampiasaina hanaovana [[tafon-trano]] sy [[kifafa]] izy io, ary ny [[Lavenona|lavenony]] kosa dia ampiasaina hanaovana fanosotra amin' ny [[fitsaboana nentim-paharazana]]. == Jereo koa == * [[Herombavy]]: [[Aristida adscensionis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A. Camus</small> (''[[Poaceae]]''); ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae''); ''[[Aristida similis]]'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae'') * [[Horona]]: ''[[Alloteropsis semialata]]'' <small>(R.Br.) Hitchc.</small> (← ''Panicum semialata'' <small>R. Br.</small>); ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>.; ''[[Imperata cylindrica]]'' <small>(L.) P.Beauv.</small> (← ''Imperata arundinacea'', ''Lagurus cylindricus'' L.); ''[[Loudetia simplex]]'' <small>(Nees) C.E.Hubb.</small> (← ''Loudetia madagascariensis'' <small>(Baker) Bosser</small>); [[Loudetia simplex|''Loudetia simplex'' subsp''. stipoides'']] <small>Bosser</small>; ''[[Trachypogon spicatus]]'' <small>(L.f.) Kuntze</small> (''[[Poaceae]]'') * [[Kifafa (zavamaniry)]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae''); ''[[Henonia scoparia]]'' <small>Moq.</small> (''[[Amaranthaceae]]''); ''[[Maerua nuda]]'' <small>Scott Elliot</small> (''[[Capparaceae]]''). * [[Pepeka]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae''); [[Aristida adscensionis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A. Camus</small> (''Poaceae'') meih7n015ytttveg9vg6z0g3xcmb9f2 1151373 1151372 2026-09-26T13:44:38Z Thelezifor 15140 Anarana amin' ny teny malagasy 1151373 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Aristida rufescens 105693982.jpg|vignette|377x377px|''Aristida rufescens'']] Ny '''''Aristida rufescens''''' dia karazan-javamaniry mamony (bozaka) ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Poacee|Poaceae]]'', teratany eto [[Madagasikara]] sy ao [[Mayotte]] (ao amin' ny vondronosy [[Kômôro]]). ofaritan' ilay manampahaizana alemàna momba ny ahitra ([[Agrôstôlôjia|agrôstôlôjista]]), Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel, izy io tamin' ny taona 1854. Antsoina amin' ny anarana hoe '''herombavy''', '''horombavy''', '''horombohitra''', '''horona''', '''kifafa''', '''kofafavavy''', '''korona''', na '''pepeka''' izy io amin' ny teny malagasy. == Famariparitana == [[Sary:Aristida rufescens 49433401.jpg|vignette|264x264px|''Aristida rufescens'']] Karazana ahitra maharitra taona maro sady mitombo mivondrona ity zavamaniry ity, ary manana [[Taranja (taova)|taranja]] (rizôma) fohy. Mitsangana mahitsy ny tahony ary mirefy 70 hatramin' ny100 sm ny halavany; misy tonony mivohitra sy fonon-dravina misy volo izy ireo. Karazana zavamaniry mihazona karibônina C<small>4</small> ity ahitra ity. === Ravina === Mirefy 30hatramin' ny 40 sm ny halavan' ny raviny ary 3 mm ny sakany. Mafy sy henjana ary mihorona ny endrik' izy ireo. === Vony === Ny firafitry ny voniny dia karazana salohy, ka ny vondron-bony madinika tsirairay dia ahitana vony iray afaka mamokatra voa. Miendrika lefona ireo vondron-bony madinika ireo ary mirefy 8,5 mm ny halavany. == Faritra sy toerana aniriany == Ny ''Aristida rufescens'' dia iray amin' ny karazana ahitra manjaka any amin' ny faritra misy hivoka ao amin' ny Faritra Afovoan' i [[Madagasikara]]. Tena mahatanty afo tsara ity karazana ahitra ity. == Fampiasana == Na dia tsy dia tsara loatra aza ny kalitaony rehefa lehibe, ny tsimoka vaovao mipoitra aorian' ny [[Doro tanety|dorotanety]] dia sakafo be [[Prôteinina|prôteina]] ho an' ny [[omby]] mandritra ny vanim-potoana sarotra (izay tsy dia misy ahitra loatra) eo anelanelan' ny volana Septambra sy Novambra. Ampiasaina hanaovana [[tafon-trano]] sy [[kifafa]] izy io, ary ny [[Lavenona|lavenony]] kosa dia ampiasaina hanaovana fanosotra amin' ny [[fitsaboana nentim-paharazana]]. == Jereo koa == * [[Herombavy]]: [[Aristida adscensionis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A. Camus</small> (''[[Poaceae]]''); ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae''); ''[[Aristida similis]]'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae'') * [[Horona]]: ''[[Alloteropsis semialata]]'' <small>(R.Br.) Hitchc.</small> (← ''Panicum semialata'' <small>R. Br.</small>); ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>.; ''[[Imperata cylindrica]]'' <small>(L.) P.Beauv.</small> (← ''Imperata arundinacea'', ''Lagurus cylindricus'' L.); ''[[Loudetia simplex]]'' <small>(Nees) C.E.Hubb.</small> (← ''Loudetia madagascariensis'' <small>(Baker) Bosser</small>); [[Loudetia simplex|''Loudetia simplex'' subsp''. stipoides'']] <small>Bosser</small>; ''[[Trachypogon spicatus]]'' <small>(L.f.) Kuntze</small> (''[[Poaceae]]'') * [[Kifafa (zavamaniry)]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae''); ''[[Henonia scoparia]]'' <small>Moq.</small> (''[[Amaranthaceae]]''); ''[[Maerua nuda]]'' <small>Scott Elliot</small> (''[[Capparaceae]]''). * [[Kifafavavy]], [[kofafavavy]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae''); ''[[Aristida similis]]'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae'') * [[Pepeka]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae''); [[Aristida adscensionis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A. Camus</small> (''Poaceae'') qkmlzd3sjnb45aq9dnifq7zhuhvtkgo 1151374 1151373 2026-09-26T13:45:54Z Thelezifor 15140 1151374 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Aristida rufescens 105693982.jpg|vignette|377x377px|''Aristida rufescens'']] Ny '''''Aristida rufescens''''' dia karazan-javamaniry mamony (bozaka) ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Poaceae]]'', teratany eto [[Madagasikara]] sy ao [[Mayotte]] (ao amin' ny [[Tamba-nosin' i Kômôro|vondronosy Kômôro]]). ofaritan' ilay manampahaizana alemàna momba ny ahitra ([[Agrôstôlôjia|agrôstôlôjista]]), Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel, izy io tamin' ny taona 1854. Antsoina amin' ny anarana hoe '''herombavy''', '''horombavy''', '''horombohitra''', '''horona''', '''kifafa''', '''kofafavavy''', '''korona''', na '''pepeka''' izy io amin' ny teny malagasy. == Famariparitana == [[Sary:Aristida rufescens 49433401.jpg|vignette|264x264px|''Aristida rufescens'']] Karazana ahitra maharitra taona maro sady mitombo mivondrona ity zavamaniry ity, ary manana [[Taranja (taova)|taranja]] (rizôma) fohy. Mitsangana mahitsy ny tahony ary mirefy 70 hatramin' ny100 sm ny halavany; misy tonony mivohitra sy fonon-dravina misy volo izy ireo. Karazana zavamaniry mihazona karibônina C<small>4</small> ity ahitra ity. === Ravina === Mirefy 30hatramin' ny 40 sm ny halavan' ny raviny ary 3 mm ny sakany. Mafy sy henjana ary mihorona ny endrik' izy ireo. === Vony === Ny firafitry ny voniny dia karazana salohy, ka ny vondron-bony madinika tsirairay dia ahitana vony iray afaka mamokatra voa. Miendrika lefona ireo vondron-bony madinika ireo ary mirefy 8,5 mm ny halavany. == Faritra sy toerana aniriany == Ny ''Aristida rufescens'' dia iray amin' ny karazana ahitra manjaka any amin' ny faritra misy hivoka ao amin' ny Faritra Afovoan' i [[Madagasikara]]. Tena mahatanty afo tsara ity karazana ahitra ity. == Fampiasana == Na dia tsy dia tsara loatra aza ny kalitaony rehefa lehibe, ny tsimoka vaovao mipoitra aorian' ny [[Doro tanety|dorotanety]] dia sakafo be [[Prôteinina|prôteina]] ho an' ny [[omby]] mandritra ny vanim-potoana sarotra (izay tsy dia misy ahitra loatra) eo anelanelan' ny volana Septambra sy Novambra. Ampiasaina hanaovana [[tafon-trano]] sy [[kifafa]] izy io, ary ny [[Lavenona|lavenony]] kosa dia ampiasaina hanaovana fanosotra amin' ny [[fitsaboana nentim-paharazana]]. == Jereo koa == * [[Herombavy]]: [[Aristida adscensionis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A. Camus</small> (''[[Poaceae]]''); ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae''); ''[[Aristida similis]]'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae'') * [[Horona]]: ''[[Alloteropsis semialata]]'' <small>(R.Br.) Hitchc.</small> (← ''Panicum semialata'' <small>R. Br.</small>); ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>.; ''[[Imperata cylindrica]]'' <small>(L.) P.Beauv.</small> (← ''Imperata arundinacea'', ''Lagurus cylindricus'' L.); ''[[Loudetia simplex]]'' <small>(Nees) C.E.Hubb.</small> (← ''Loudetia madagascariensis'' <small>(Baker) Bosser</small>); [[Loudetia simplex|''Loudetia simplex'' subsp''. stipoides'']] <small>Bosser</small>; ''[[Trachypogon spicatus]]'' <small>(L.f.) Kuntze</small> (''[[Poaceae]]'') * [[Kifafa (zavamaniry)]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae''); ''[[Henonia scoparia]]'' <small>Moq.</small> (''[[Amaranthaceae]]''); ''[[Maerua nuda]]'' <small>Scott Elliot</small> (''[[Capparaceae]]''). * [[Kifafavavy]], [[kofafavavy]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae''); ''[[Aristida similis]]'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae'') * [[Pepeka]]: ''Aristida rufescens'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae''); [[Aristida adscensionis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A. Camus</small> (''Poaceae'') 2a3bmw6stputwscvjtmxllx9s88sylm Herombavy 0 302150 1151375 2026-09-26T13:54:21Z Thelezifor 15140 Zavamaniry samihafa mitovy anarana 1151375 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''herombavy''' dia [[bozaka]] samihafa ao amn' ny fianakaviana ''[[Poaceae]]'', ao amin' ny flaharana [[Poales]]: * [[Aristida adscensionis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A. Camus</small> (''[[Poaceae]]'') * ''[[Aristida rufescens]]'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae'') * ''[[Aristida similis]]'' <small>Steud</small>. (''Poaceae'') == Jereo koa == * ''[[Aristida]]'' pgldfmobpzr8lez2ownod5zx88gkave Kifafa (zavamaniry) 0 302151 1151376 2026-09-26T14:00:27Z Thelezifor 15140 Zavamaniry samihafa mitovy anarana 1151376 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''kifafa''' dia zavamaniry samihafa ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Amaranthaceae]]'' sy ''[[Capparaceae]]'' ary ''[[Poaceae]]'': * ''[[Aristida rufescens]]'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae'') -- herombavy, horona, kifafa, korona, pepeka * ''[[Henonia scoparia]]'' <small>Moq.</small> (''Amaranthaceae'') -- famafa, firoakosy, fofotsy, kafafa, kifafa, kifafahy, kifafalahy, kifafambohitra, sahondro, tsiavaramonina, tsibolo, tsimahatohantena, tsobolo * ''[[Maerua nuda]]'' <small>Scott Elliot</small> (''Capparaceae'') -- kiafafalahy, kifafa, kifafala, latakombalala, latakombela, somangilahy, somangilety == Jereo koa == * ''[[Aristida]]'' * ''[[Henonia]]'' * ''[[Maerua]]'' 9n0t66gvwq6xdcws8xpdfc8xtyuawv4 Kofafavavy 0 302152 1151377 2026-09-26T14:06:02Z Thelezifor 15140 Zavamaniry samihafa mitovy anarana 1151377 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''kifafavavy''' na '''kofafavavy''' dia zavamaniry samihafa ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Poaceae]]'', ao amin' ny flaharana [[Poales]]: * ''[[Aristida rufescens]]'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae'') -- herombavy, horona, kifafa, kifafavavy, kofafavavy, korona, pepeka * ''[[Aristida similis]]'' <small>Steud.</small> (''Poaceae'') -- ahitsorohitra, herombavy, kifafavavy, kofafavavy, setokovolo == Jereo koa == * ''[[Aristida]]'' jvhp5xbfuek9w5zauw5jvo1tkeubmbd Teresa Surita 0 302153 1151383 2026-09-27T03:11:56Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 Pejy noforonina tamin'ny « [[sary:Teresa Surita em fevereiro de 2022.jpg|thumb|left|Teresa Surita]] I '''Maria Teresa Saenz Surita Guimarães''' (teraka tamin'ny 14 Aogositra 1956 tao [[São Manuel]], {{São Paulo|SP}}) dia [[mpanao politika]] [[Brezila|breziliana]] sady mpikambana ao amin'ny antoko [[Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (MDB)|Hetsika Demokratika Breziliana]] (MDB). Izy no ben'ny tanànan'i [[Boa Vista]], ao {{Roraima}}, ary efa [[solombavambahoaka]] federaly teo aloha ta... » 1151383 wikitext text/x-wiki [[sary:Teresa Surita em fevereiro de 2022.jpg|thumb|left|Teresa Surita]] I '''Maria Teresa Saenz Surita Guimarães''' (teraka tamin'ny 14 Aogositra 1956 tao [[São Manuel]], {{São Paulo|SP}}) dia [[mpanao politika]] [[Brezila|breziliana]] sady mpikambana ao amin'ny antoko [[Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (MDB)|Hetsika Demokratika Breziliana]] (MDB). Izy no ben'ny tanànan'i [[Boa Vista]], ao {{Roraima}}, ary efa [[solombavambahoaka]] federaly teo aloha tamin'ny taona 1990–1992 sy 2011–2012. Mifantoka amin'ny resaka politika sosialy sy ny zon'ny ankizy ary ny an'ny tanora i Surita. == Jereo koa == [[pt:Teresa Surita]] [[Sokajy:solombavambahoaka breziliana]] [[Sokajy:Mpanao politika ao Roraima]] [[Sokajy:Hetsika demokratika breziliana]] [[Sokajy:Ben'ny tanànan'i Roraima]] [[Sokajy:Mpanao politika breziliana]] [[sokajy:Teraka tamin'ny taona 1956]] rjwj8hspwbhox5p0ppu4wyedbh7hfjs Salinas (Minas Gerais) 0 302154 1151392 2026-09-27T09:53:03Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 Pejy noforonina tamin'ny « {{coord|-16.170280|-42.290280}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana = Salinas |fanjakana = {{Minas Gerais}} |isam-ponina = 40.178 | haavo = 471 |velarantany =1 862,11 |firenena = {{Brazila}} |ben'ny tanàna = |sary =Praça em Salinas - panoramio.jpg |saina =Bandeira salinas.png }} [[File:MinasGerais Municip Salinas.svg|thumb|left|p Salinas]] '''Salinas''' dia tanàna ao amin'ny fanjakana mizaka tenan'i [[Minas Gerais]] ao amin'ny B... » 1151392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|-16.170280|-42.290280}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana = Salinas |fanjakana = {{Minas Gerais}} |isam-ponina = 40.178 | haavo = 471 |velarantany =1 862,11 |firenena = {{Brazila}} |ben'ny tanàna = |sary =Praça em Salinas - panoramio.jpg |saina =Bandeira salinas.png }} [[File:MinasGerais Municip Salinas.svg|thumb|left|p Salinas]] '''Salinas''' dia tanàna ao amin'ny fanjakana mizaka tenan'i [[Minas Gerais]] ao amin'ny [[Brazila]]. == Jeografia == Ny isam-ponina dia 40.178 mponina tamin'ny taona 2022. == Jereo koa == * [[Brazila]] ** [[Minas Gerais]] == Tsiahy == <references/> {{commonscat}} [[sokajy:Tanàna ao Minas Gerais]] f4lnaqk48f2rfvr2d64wd0abnnjwd5f 1151394 1151392 2026-09-27T09:54:13Z ~2026-50172-80 41062 1151394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|-16.170280|-42.290280}} {{infobox tanàna |anarana = Salinas |fanjakana = {{Minas Gerais}} |isam-ponina = 40.178 | haavo = 471 |velarantany =1 862,11 |firenena = {{Brazila}} |ben'ny tanàna = |sary =Praça em Salinas - panoramio.jpg |saina =Bandeira salinas.png }} [[File:MinasGerais Municip Salinas.svg|thumb|left|p Salinas]] '''Salinas''' dia tanàna ao amin'ny fanjakana mizaka tenan'i [[Minas Gerais]] ao amin'ny [[Brazila]]. == Jeografia == Ny isam-ponina dia 40.178 mponina tamin'ny taona 2022. == Jereo koa == * [[Brazila]] ** [[Minas Gerais]] == Tsiahy == <references/> [[pt:Salinas (Minas Gerais)]] {{commonscat}} [[sokajy:Tanàna ao Minas Gerais]] b62kj1kiinuep7l7xqaftqw27kmsv6x Aristida adscensionis 0 302155 1151397 2026-09-27T11:16:32Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Poaceae 1151397 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Aristidaadscensionis1.jpg|vignette|360x360px|''Aristida adscensionis'']] Ny '''''Aristida adscensionis''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Poaceae]]''. Teratany any Amerika izy io saingy efa miparitaka saika manerana izao tontolo izao. Mora maniry amin' ny faritra voakorontana na tany tsy ampiasaina izy io, ary mety hivadika ho [[Ahidratsy|ahi-dratsy]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''bozaka''', '''kifafalahy''' na '''sekotovolo'''. == Famariparitana == Miovaova be ny endrik' ity bozaka ity izay mamorona fehezam-bozaka eo amin' ny fotony sady velona mandritra ny taona iray. Ny toetry ny tontolo iainana no tena mamaritra ny habeny sy ny endriny. Mahatratra haavo eo anelanelan' ny 5 sy 80 sm ny tahony. Mijoro mahitsy na mandry amin' ny tany izy ireo, misy rantsana mipoitra avy amin' ny tonony ambany, ary tsy misy volovolo. === Ravina === [[Sary:Aristida adscensionis - Flickr - aspidoscelis (3).jpg|vignette|''Aristida adscensionis'']] Mahitsy ny ravina eo amin' ny tenatenan' ny tahony; malama tsy misy volovolo ny ampahany amin' ny ravina izay mamono ny taho. Mahatratra 25 sm ny halavan' ny ravina ary 1 mm ny sakany, matetika mihorona miakatra ny sisiny, ary misy volovolo madinika eo amin' ny lafiny anatiny. === Vony === Mamorona sampahom-bony mirefy 5 hatramin' ny 15 sm ny halavany sady mihizina, ahitana vony madinika hatrany amin' ny fotony. Miraikitra amin' ny taho ny tangozam-bony tsirairay ary mivondrona ny vony. === Voa === Ny voany tsirairay dia misy volo na tsilo lava telo mivoaka avy eo aminy mirefy 6 hatramn' ny 16 mm, fisaka, somary lava kokoa noho ireo roa eo an-daniny ilay eo afovoany sady mety mahitsy na misaraka mivoaka, fa mahitsy kosa ireo roa eo an-daniny. == Taksônômia == [[Sary:Aristida adscensionis - Flickr - aspidoscelis.jpg|vignette|''Aristida adscensionis'']] Ny ''Aristida adscensionis'' dia nofaritan' i [[Carl von Linné|Carl Linnaeus]] ary navoaka tao amin' ny ''Species Plantarum'' 1: 82. 1753 izany. === Anarana hafa === Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Aristida adscensionis'': * ''Aristida abyssinica'' (Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard * ''Aristida aethiopica'' (Trin. & Rupr.) Trin. & Rupr. ex Henrard * ''Aristida arabica'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida bromoides'' Kunth * ''Aristida canariensis'' Willd. * ''Aristida cardosoi'' Cout. * ''Aristida coarctata'' Kunth * ''Aristida confusa'' (Trin. & Rupr.) Trin. & Rupr. ex Henrard * ''Aristida curvata'' (Nees) Nees ex A.Rich. * ''Aristida debilis'' Mez * ''Aristida depressa'' Retz. * ''Aristida ehrenbergii'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida elatior'' Cav. * ''Aristida fasciculata'' Torr. * ''Aristida festucoides'' Poir. * ''Aristida gigantea'' L.f. * ''Aristida grisebachiana'' E.Fourn. * ''Aristida guineensis'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida heymannii'' Regel * ''Aristida humilis'' Kunth * ''Aristida interrupta'' Cav. * ''Aristida laxa'' Willd. ex Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida luzoniensi''s Cav. * ''Aristida macrochloa'' Hochst. * ''Aristida maritima'' Steud. * ''Aristida mauritiana'' Kunth * ''Aristida mauritiana'' Hochst. ex A.Rich. * ''Aristida modatica'' Steud. * ''Aristida mongholica'' Trin. * ''Aristida nana'' Steud. * ''Aristida nigrescens'' J.Presl * ''Aristida nutans'' Steud. * ''Aristida paniculata'' Forssk. * ''Aristida peruviana'' Beetle * ''Aristida pumila'' Decne. * ''Aristida pusilla'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida pygmaea'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida racemosa'' Spreng. * ''Aristida schaffneri'' E.Fourn. * ''Aristida senegalensis'' (Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard * ''Aristida setacea'' Steud. * ''Aristida simplicissima'' Steud. * ''Aristida spicigera'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida strictiflora'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida submucronata'' Schumach. & Thonn. * ''Aristida swartziana'' Steud. * ''Aristida teneriffae'' Steud. * ''Aristida thonningii'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida viciosorum'' Pau * ''Aristida vulgaris'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida vulpioides'' Hance * ''Chaetaria adscensionis'' (L.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria bromoides'' (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. * ''Chaetaria canariensis'' (Willd.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria coarctata'' (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. * ''Chaetaria coerulescens'' (Desf.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria curvata'' Nees * ''Chaetaria depressa'' (Retz.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria elatior'' (Cav.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria fasciculata'' (Torr.) Schult. & Schult.f. * ''Chaetaria festucoides'' (Poir.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria forskolii'' Nees * ''Chaetaria gigantea'' (L.f.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria humilis'' (Humb. & Bonpl.) Roem. & Schult. * ''Chaetaria interrupta'' (Cav.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria luzoniensis'' (Cav.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria mauritiana'' (Kunth) Nees * ''Chaetaria nana'' Nees ex Steud. === Zana-karazana === Indreto ny zana-karazan' ny ''Aristida adscensionis'': * ''Aristida adscensionis'' subsp. ''adscensionis'' * ''Aristida'' ''adscensionis'' subsp. ''bromoides'' <small>(Kunth) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida'' ''adscensionis'' subsp. ''coerulescens'' <small>(Desf.) Bourreil & Trouin ex Auquier & J.Duvign.</small> * ''Aristida'' ''adscensionis'' subsp. ''guineensis'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida'' ''adscensionis'' subsp. ''heymannii'' <small>(Regel) Tzvelev</small> === Ovan-karazana === Indreto ny ovan-karazan' ny ''Aristida adscensionis'': * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''abortiva'' A.Beetle * Aristida adscensionis var. ''adscensionis'' * Aristida ''adscensionis'' var. ''aethiopica'' (Trin. & Rupr.) T.Durand & Schinz * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''breviseta'' Hack. * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''bromoides'' (Kunth) Henrard * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''canariensis'' <small>(Willd.) T.Durand & Schinz</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''coarctata'' <small>(Kunth) Kuntze</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''coerulescens'' <small>(Desf.) Hack.</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''condensata'' <small>(Hack.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''decolorata'' <small>(E.Fourn.) Beetle</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''ehrenbergii'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard</small> * Aristida ''adscensionis'' var. ''festucoides'' <small>(Poir.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''glabricallis'' <small>Maire & Weiller</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''guineensis'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''humilis'' <small>(Kunth) Kuntze</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''interrupta'' <small>(Cav.) Beetle</small> * [[Aristida adscensionis var. mandrarensis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A.Camus</small> -- herombavy, pepaka, pepeka * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mexicana'' <small>Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''modesta'' <small>Hack</small>. * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''nigrescens'' <small>(J.Presl) Beetle</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''pumila'' <small>(Decne.) Coss. & Durieu</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''pygmaea'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) T.Durand & Schinz</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''scabriflora'' <small>Hack</small>. * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''senegalensis'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) T.Durand & Schinz</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''spigera'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''strictiflora'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) T.Durand & Schinz.</small> == Jereo koa == * [[Bozaka]]: ''[[Andropogon eucomus]]'' <small>Nees</small>; ''Aristida adscensionis'' <small>L.</small>; ''[[Arundinella nepalensis]]'' <small>Trin.</small>; ''[[Chrysopogon gryllus]]'' <small>(L.) Trin.</small> (← ''Andropogon gryllus'' <small>L.</small>); ''[[Imperata cylindrica]]'' <small>(L.) P.Beauv.</small> (← ''Imperata arundinacea'' <small>Cirillo</small>; ''Lagurus cylindricus'' <small>L.</small>) (''[[Poaceae]]'') * [[Kifafalahy]]: ''Aristida adscensionis'' <small>L.</small> (''[[Poaceae]]''); ''[[Henonia scoparia]]'' <small>Moq</small>. (''[[Amaranthaceae]]''); ''[[Plumbago aphylla]]'' <small>Bojer ex Boiss</small>. (''[[Plumbaginaceae]]''); ''[[Tephrosia retamoides]]'' <small>(Baker) Soler.</small> (''[[Fabaceae]]'') sxfmn65us1tyhh8mx5nomrm83cedv2e 1151398 1151397 2026-09-27T11:33:39Z Thelezifor 15140 Faritra sy toerana aniriany 1151398 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Aristidaadscensionis1.jpg|vignette|360x360px|''Aristida adscensionis'']] Ny '''''Aristida adscensionis''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Poaceae]]''. Teratany any Amerika izy io saingy efa miparitaka saika manerana izao tontolo izao. Mora maniry amin' ny faritra voakorontana na tany tsy ampiasaina izy io, ary mety hivadika ho [[Ahidratsy|ahi-dratsy]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''bozaka''', '''kifafalahy''' na '''sekotovolo'''. == Famariparitana == Miovaova be ny endrik' ity bozaka ity izay mamorona fehezam-bozaka eo amin' ny fotony sady velona mandritra ny taona iray. Ny toetry ny tontolo iainana no tena mamaritra ny habeny sy ny endriny. Mahatratra haavo eo anelanelan' ny 5 sy 80 sm ny tahony. Mijoro mahitsy na mandry amin' ny tany izy ireo, misy rantsana mipoitra avy amin' ny tonony ambany, ary tsy misy volovolo. === Ravina === [[Sary:Aristida adscensionis - Flickr - aspidoscelis (3).jpg|vignette|''Aristida adscensionis'']] Mahitsy ny ravina eo amin' ny tenatenan' ny tahony; malama tsy misy volovolo ny ampahany amin' ny ravina izay mamono ny taho. Mahatratra 25 sm ny halavan' ny ravina ary 1 mm ny sakany, matetika mihorona miakatra ny sisiny, ary misy volovolo madinika eo amin' ny lafiny anatiny. === Vony === Mamorona sampahom-bony mirefy 5 hatramin' ny 15 sm ny halavany sady mihizina, ahitana vony madinika hatrany amin' ny fotony. Miraikitra amin' ny taho ny tangozam-bony tsirairay ary mivondrona ny vony. === Voa === Ny voany tsirairay dia misy volo na tsilo lava telo mivoaka avy eo aminy mirefy 6 hatramn' ny 16 mm, fisaka, somary lava kokoa noho ireo roa eo an-daniny ilay eo afovoany sady mety mahitsy na misaraka mivoaka, fa mahitsy kosa ireo roa eo an-daniny. == Faritra sy toerana aniriany == [[Sary:Aristida adscensionis - Flickr - aspidoscelis.jpg|vignette|''Aristida adscensionis''|274x274px]] Manana faritra iparitahana tena midadasika ny ''Aristida adscensionis'', izay mivelatra manerana ny faritra trôpikaly sy sobtrôpikaly ao [[Afrika]], any [[Amerika]], any [[Azia]] ary any [[Aostralia]], ankoatra ny nosy samihafa ao amin' ny [[Ranomasimbe Indiana]] sy [[Ranomasimbe Pasifika|Pasifika]], anisan' izany i [[Madagasikara]], izay heverin' ny Kew/POWO ho toerana nampidirana azy io. Hita indrindra amin' ny toerana malalaka sy maina ary amin' ny faritra misy [[haintany]] mandritra ny [[fizaràn-taona]] sasany izy io, toy ny [[hivoka]], ny [[fatrana]], ny kijana misy fasika, ary ny tehezan-tendrombohitra be vato. Maniry ihany koa izy io any amin' ny faritra efa nisy fanelingelenana toy ny sisin-dalana, ny saha, ny tany navela tsy miasa, ary ny tany iraohan' ny andiam-biby fiompy tafahoatra. Matetika izy no tia tany tsy dia misy akora ôrganika sy tsy mitazona rano, ny tany fasika, ny tany misy vatokely, na ny tany manify. Mahatanty haintany sady tsy mitaky fikarakarana manokana izy, ka matetika izy no miseho ho [[karazan-javamaniry mpisava lalana]] na [[Ahidratsy|ahi-dratsy]] any amin' ny toerana tsy dia misy fifaninanana amin' ny zavamaniry hafa. == Taksônômia == Ny ''Aristida adscensionis'' dia nofaritan' i [[Carl von Linné|Carl Linnaeus]] ary navoaka tao amin' ny ''Species Plantarum'' 1: 82. 1753 izany. === Anarana hafa === Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Aristida adscensionis'': * ''Aristida abyssinica'' (Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard * ''Aristida aethiopica'' (Trin. & Rupr.) Trin. & Rupr. ex Henrard * ''Aristida arabica'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida bromoides'' Kunth * ''Aristida canariensis'' Willd. * ''Aristida cardosoi'' Cout. * ''Aristida coarctata'' Kunth * ''Aristida confusa'' (Trin. & Rupr.) Trin. & Rupr. ex Henrard * ''Aristida curvata'' (Nees) Nees ex A.Rich. * ''Aristida debilis'' Mez * ''Aristida depressa'' Retz. * ''Aristida ehrenbergii'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida elatior'' Cav. * ''Aristida fasciculata'' Torr. * ''Aristida festucoides'' Poir. * ''Aristida gigantea'' L.f. * ''Aristida grisebachiana'' E.Fourn. * ''Aristida guineensis'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida heymannii'' Regel * ''Aristida humilis'' Kunth * ''Aristida interrupta'' Cav. * ''Aristida laxa'' Willd. ex Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida luzoniensi''s Cav. * ''Aristida macrochloa'' Hochst. * ''Aristida maritima'' Steud. * ''Aristida mauritiana'' Kunth * ''Aristida mauritiana'' Hochst. ex A.Rich. * ''Aristida modatica'' Steud. * ''Aristida mongholica'' Trin. * ''Aristida nana'' Steud. * ''Aristida nigrescens'' J.Presl * ''Aristida nutans'' Steud. * ''Aristida paniculata'' Forssk. * ''Aristida peruviana'' Beetle * ''Aristida pumila'' Decne. * ''Aristida pusilla'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida pygmaea'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida racemosa'' Spreng. * ''Aristida schaffneri'' E.Fourn. * ''Aristida senegalensis'' (Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard * ''Aristida setacea'' Steud. * ''Aristida simplicissima'' Steud. * ''Aristida spicigera'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida strictiflora'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida submucronata'' Schumach. & Thonn. * ''Aristida swartziana'' Steud. * ''Aristida teneriffae'' Steud. * ''Aristida thonningii'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida viciosorum'' Pau * ''Aristida vulgaris'' Trin. & Rupr. * ''Aristida vulpioides'' Hance * ''Chaetaria adscensionis'' (L.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria bromoides'' (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. * ''Chaetaria canariensis'' (Willd.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria coarctata'' (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. * ''Chaetaria coerulescens'' (Desf.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria curvata'' Nees * ''Chaetaria depressa'' (Retz.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria elatior'' (Cav.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria fasciculata'' (Torr.) Schult. & Schult.f. * ''Chaetaria festucoides'' (Poir.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria forskolii'' Nees * ''Chaetaria gigantea'' (L.f.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria humilis'' (Humb. & Bonpl.) Roem. & Schult. * ''Chaetaria interrupta'' (Cav.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria luzoniensis'' (Cav.) P.Beauv. * ''Chaetaria mauritiana'' (Kunth) Nees * ''Chaetaria nana'' Nees ex Steud. === Zana-karazana === Indreto ny zana-karazan' ny ''Aristida adscensionis'': * ''Aristida adscensionis'' subsp. ''adscensionis'' * ''Aristida'' ''adscensionis'' subsp. ''bromoides'' <small>(Kunth) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida'' ''adscensionis'' subsp. ''coerulescens'' <small>(Desf.) Bourreil & Trouin ex Auquier & J.Duvign.</small> * ''Aristida'' ''adscensionis'' subsp. ''guineensis'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida'' ''adscensionis'' subsp. ''heymannii'' <small>(Regel) Tzvelev</small> === Ovan-karazana === Indreto ny ovan-karazan' ny ''Aristida adscensionis'': * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''abortiva'' A.Beetle * Aristida adscensionis var. ''adscensionis'' * Aristida ''adscensionis'' var. ''aethiopica'' (Trin. & Rupr.) T.Durand & Schinz * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''breviseta'' Hack. * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''bromoides'' (Kunth) Henrard * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''canariensis'' <small>(Willd.) T.Durand & Schinz</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''coarctata'' <small>(Kunth) Kuntze</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''coerulescens'' <small>(Desf.) Hack.</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''condensata'' <small>(Hack.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''decolorata'' <small>(E.Fourn.) Beetle</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''ehrenbergii'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard</small> * Aristida ''adscensionis'' var. ''festucoides'' <small>(Poir.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''glabricallis'' <small>Maire & Weiller</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''guineensis'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''humilis'' <small>(Kunth) Kuntze</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''interrupta'' <small>(Cav.) Beetle</small> * [[Aristida adscensionis var. mandrarensis|''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mandrarensis'']] <small>A.Camus</small> -- herombavy, pepaka, pepeka * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''mexicana'' <small>Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''modesta'' <small>Hack</small>. * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''nigrescens'' <small>(J.Presl) Beetle</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''pumila'' <small>(Decne.) Coss. & Durieu</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''pygmaea'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) T.Durand & Schinz</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''scabriflora'' <small>Hack</small>. * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''senegalensis'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) T.Durand & Schinz</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''spigera'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard</small> * ''Aristida adscensionis'' var. ''strictiflora'' <small>(Trin. & Rupr.) T.Durand & Schinz.</small> == Jereo koa == * [[Bozaka]]: ''[[Andropogon eucomus]]'' <small>Nees</small>; ''Aristida adscensionis'' <small>L.</small>; ''[[Arundinella nepalensis]]'' <small>Trin.</small>; ''[[Chrysopogon gryllus]]'' <small>(L.) Trin.</small> (← ''Andropogon gryllus'' <small>L.</small>); ''[[Imperata cylindrica]]'' <small>(L.) P.Beauv.</small> (← ''Imperata arundinacea'' <small>Cirillo</small>; ''Lagurus cylindricus'' <small>L.</small>) (''[[Poaceae]]'') * [[Kifafalahy]]: ''Aristida adscensionis'' <small>L.</small> (''[[Poaceae]]''); ''[[Henonia scoparia]]'' <small>Moq</small>. (''[[Amaranthaceae]]''); ''[[Plumbago aphylla]]'' <small>Bojer ex Boiss</small>. (''[[Plumbaginaceae]]''); ''[[Tephrosia retamoides]]'' <small>(Baker) Soler.</small> (''[[Fabaceae]]'') 2ragnarqixuzdaoaj9nxzbwwmt91zmj