Wikipedia mgwiki https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Fandraisana MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.24 first-letter Rakitra Manokana Dinika Mpikambana Dinika amin'ny mpikambana Wikipedia Dinika amin'ny Wikipedia Sary Dinika amin'ny sary MediaWiki Dinika amin'ny MediaWiki Endrika Dinika amin'ny endrika Fanoroana Dinika amin'ny fanoroana Sokajy Dinika amin'ny sokajy TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk 0 602 1152024 1132356 2026-10-17T10:58:01Z Thelezifor 15140 1152024 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Black parrot (male) 31l07.JPG|vignette|''[[Coracopsis nigra]]''|383x383px]]Ny '''boloky''' na '''ampala''' na '''vaza''' dia [[vorona]] mifaraingo vava. Ankoatry ny boloky misioka toy ny vorona rehetra, dia misy koa ny mahay mamerina ny teny fandreny matetika. Mandrafitra ny vondron-karazana '''''Coracopsis''''' ny karazana boloky efatra ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Psittaculidae]]'', tsy fahita afa-tsy eto [[Madagasikara]] sy ao amin' ny nosy hafa any amin' ny faritra andrefan' ny [[Ranomasimbe Indiana|Ranomasimbe Indianina]].[[Sary:Coracopsis nigra.jpg|thumb|210x210px|''Coracopsis nigra'']]Ireto ny karazana efatra: * ''[[Coracopsis vasa]]'' (hita eto [[Madagasikara]] sy ao [[Kômôro]]) * ''[[Coracopsis nigra]]'' (hita eto Madagasikara, izay mizara ho zana-karazana roa: ''Coracopsis nigra libs'' sy ''Coracopsis nigra nigra'') * ''Coracopsis sibilans'' (hita ao [[Kômôro]]) * ''Coracopsis barklyi'' (hita ao [[Seisely]]) === Ny boloky hita eto Madagasikara === Misy karazany roa ny boloky hita eto [[Madagasikara]] ankoatr' ireo hita eny amin' ny nosy [[Kômôro]] sy ny nosy [[Seisely]]. * ''[[Coracopsis nigra]]'' * ''[[Coracopsis vasa]]'' [[Sary:Coracopsis vasa.JPG|vignette|235x235px|''[[Coracopsis vasa]]'']] == Kolontsaina == === Ohabolana malagasy === * Aza manao bolokilahy homam-boan-t[[Seva (zavamaniry)|seva]]: fy ny atsy, fy ny aroa. * Boloky homam-boan-tseva: fy ny atsy mamy ny aroa. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Agapornis]]'' * [[Agapornis fischeri|''Agapornis fischeri'']] * ''[[Boiaza|Agapornis canus]]'' - boaiza * [[Lisitry ny anaram-borona amin' ny teny malagasy]] * [[Lisitry ny karazam-borona eto Madagasikara]] == Rohy ivelany == * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUVv7qMjMHM [[Sokajy:Vorona]] gnqupauq5rftojlljy2nz25zsp5y07v 0 173173 1152004 1057849 2026-10-17T09:16:04Z Thelezifor 15140 nanova ny anaran'i [[Valesa Atsimo Vaovao]] ho [[New South Wales]] i Thelezifor 1057849 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Tigris-Australia location New South Wales.svg|200px|right|thumb]] '''Valesa Atsimo Vaovao''' (amin'ny [[fiteny anglisy]] : '''New South Wales''' izay afohezina hoe '''NSW''') dia fanjakana ao Atsinanan'i [[Aostralia]]. Ny faritany manodidona azy dia [[Queensland]], [[Victoria]], ary [[Aostralia Atsimo]]. Ny renivohi-paritany dia [[Sydney]] izay tanàna be mponina indrindra ao amin'ilay faritany ary ao Aostalia. Ny isam-ponina dia 7,23 tapitrisa mponina izay 34,5%-n'ny isam-ponin'i Aostralia. == Fiavian'ilay anarana == Ny anaran'ilay faritany mizaka-tena dia avy amin'ny faritanin'i Valesa izay fanjakana iray ao amin'ny Fanjakana Mitambatra. == Tantara == Dimy alina taona talohan'ny taona ankehitriny no nisian'ny olona voalohany teo amin'ny faritan'i Valesa Atsimo vaovao. Ny faritanin'i Valesa Atsimo Vaovao no faritany voalohany indrindra noforonina tao Aostralia. Izy io tamin'ny voalohany dia mandrakotra an'i Aostralia iray manontolo afatsy ny nosin'i [[Tasmania]] ary ny faritanin'i [[Aostralia Andrefana]]. {{faritanin'i Aostralia}} [[sokajy:Aostralia]] [[sokajy:Valesa Atsimo Vaovao|*]] k4xkykvsknjwo3vivm18xvyocnu6oe6 1152008 1152004 2026-10-17T09:19:40Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanolo anarana 1152008 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Tigris-Australia location New South Wales.svg|355x355px|right|thumb]] I '''New South Wales''' (izay afohezina hoe '''NSW''') dia fanjakana ao Atsinanan'i [[Aostralia]]. Ny faritany manodidona azy dia [[Queensland]], [[Victoria]], ary [[South Australia]]. Ny renivohi-paritany dia [[Sydney]] izay tanàna be mponina indrindra ao amin'ilay faritany ary ao Aostralia. Ny isam-ponina dia 7,23 tapitrisa mponina izay 34,5%-n'ny isam-ponin'i Aostralia. == Fiavian'ilay anarana == Ny anaran'ilay faritany mizaka-tena dia avy amin'ny anaran' i Valesa (Wales) izay fanjakana iray ao amin'ny [[Fanjakana Mitambatra]]. == Tantara == Dimy alina taona talohan'ny taona ankehitriny no nisian'ny olona voalohany teo amin'ny faritan'i Valesa Atsimo vaovao. Ny faritanin'i Valesa Atsimo Vaovao no faritany voalohany indrindra noforonina tao Aostralia. Izy io tamin'ny voalohany dia mandrakotra an'i Aostralia iray manontolo afatsy ny nosin'i [[Tasmania]] ary ny faritanin'i [[Aostralia Andrefana]]. {{faritanin'i Aostralia}} [[sokajy:Aostralia]] [[sokajy:Valesa Atsimo Vaovao|*]] djs54lftlfdizh4a3of7bca4ajxk7q9 0 207639 1151994 752411 2026-10-16T19:56:45Z Nikikrio 41356 1151994 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox olona |sary= |anarana=Bo Johansson |teraka=28 Novambra 1942 |maty=15 Oktobra 2026 |firenena=Soeda |mpiaraka= |asa= * [[mpilalao baolina kitra]] |taona niasàna= }} '''Bo Johansson''' dia mpilalao baolina kitra mizaka ny zom-pirenen'i [[Soeda]] teraka ny 28 Novambra 1942 maty 15 Oktobra 2026 == Jereo koa == * [[Biôgrafia]] [[sokajy:Biôgrafia]] {{vangovango}} [[sokajy:mpilalao baolina kitra]] b0y77m95qzkh07w9pq27y40zjb12yf6 0 278404 1152009 1057848 2026-10-17T09:20:19Z Thelezifor 15140 Thelezifor dia namindra ny pejy [[Aostralia Andrefana]] any amin'i [[Western Australia]] ary nanitsaka fihodinana 1057848 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Western_Australia_in_Australia.svg|200px|Aostralia Andrefana|ankavanana|thumb]] Ny '''Aostralia Andrefana''' (amin'ny fiteny anglisy '''Western Australia''' izay afohezina hoe '''WA''') dia fanjakana maka ny ampahany andrefan'i [[Aostralia]]. Manana morontsiraka amin'ny Ranomasimbe Indianina ary ny Ranomasimbe Atsimo. Ireo faritany mizaka tena mizara sisintany aminy dia ny [[Tany Avaratra]] ary ny [[Aostralia Atsimo]]. Ny renivohiny ary ny tanàna lehibe indrindra dia [[Perth]]. {{faritanin'i Aostralia}} [[sokajy:Aostralia]] [[sokajy:Aostralia Andrefana|*]] 6uf60ga7xnwvb2rqbx4mumotpscz9bo 1152011 1152009 2026-10-17T09:21:33Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanolo anarana 1152011 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Western_Australia_in_Australia.svg|282x282px|Western Australia|ankavanana|thumb]] I '''Western Australia''' (izay afohezina hoe '''WA''') dia fanjakana maka ny ampahany andrefan'i [[Aostralia]]. Manana morontsiraka amin'ny Ranomasimbe Indianina ary ny Ranomasimbe Atsimo. Ireo faritany mizaka tena mizara sisintany aminy dia ny [[Tany Avaratra]] ary ny [[South Australia]]. Ny renivohiny ary ny tanàna lehibe indrindra dia [[Perth]]. {{faritanin'i Aostralia}} [[sokajy:Aostralia]] [[sokajy:Aostralia Andrefana|*]] bm5ait9yzh56gvbwin4k2fovad5cbay 0 278408 1152006 1057852 2026-10-17T09:17:36Z Thelezifor 15140 nanova ny anaran'i [[Aostralia Atsimo]] ho [[South Australia]] i Thelezifor 1057852 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:South Australia in Australia.svg|vignette]] I '''Aostralia Atsimo''' dia fanjakana ao [[Aostralia]] izay hita ao afovoan'ny ilany atsimon'ny nosin'i Aostralia. Amin'ny [[teny anglisy]] dia atao hoe ''South Australia'' izy. Ao amin'ny faritra maina indrindra ao amin'io nosy io izy ka manana velarana 984 377 <abbr>km²</abbr>, izany hoe izy no fanjakana laharana fahefatra ao Aostralia raha ny velaran-tany no heverina. i [[Aostralia Andrefana]] no ao adrefany, ny Northern Territory sy i [[Queensland]] no ao avarany, i [[Queensland]] sy i New South Wales ary ny fanjakan'i Victoria no ao atsinanay, ary ny Helodrano Aostraliana Lehobe (anglisy: ''Great Australian Bight'') sy ny [[Ranomasimbe Indiana]] (izay ataon'ny Aostraliana hoe Antarktika) no ao atsimony. Misy mponina miisa 1,7 tapitrisa ny ao amin'io fanjakana io, ka latsaky ny 10% amin'izany ny mponina aostraliana ary laharana fahadimy izy ao amin'ireo fanjakana aostraliana. Ny ankamaroan'ny mponina dia monina ao Adelaisa (misy mponina 1 140 000), ny ankamaroan'ireo mponina hafa dia monina ao amin'ny faritra lonaka manamorona ny morontsiraka atsimo atsinanana sy ny ony Murray. Ny toekaren'io fanjakana io dia mifototra amin'ny fambolena, ny indostria, ny fitrandrahana harena an-kibon'ny tany. Ny sehatra ara-bola koa dia mandray anjara amin'io toekerena io. {{faritanin'i Aostralia}} rtu5wg4qscnk0s7dd48l5wqrwvfy2lt 1152012 1152006 2026-10-17T09:22:19Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanolo anarana 1152012 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:South Australia in Australia.svg|vignette]] I '''South Australia''' dia fanjakana ao [[Aostralia]] izay hita ao afovoan'ny ilany atsimon'ny nosin'i Aostralia. Ao amin'ny faritra maina indrindra ao amin'io nosy io izy ka manana velarana 984 377 <abbr>km²</abbr>, izany hoe izy no fanjakana laharana fahefatra ao Aostralia raha ny velaran-tany no heverina. i [[Western Australia]] no ao adrefany, ny [[Northern Territory]] sy i [[Queensland]] no ao avarany, i [[Queensland]] sy i New South Wales ary ny fanjakan'i Victoria no ao atsinanay, ary ny Helodrano Aostraliana Lehobe (anglisy: ''Great Australian Bight'') sy ny [[Ranomasimbe Indiana]] (izay ataon'ny Aostraliana hoe Antarktika) no ao atsimony. Misy mponina miisa 1,7 tapitrisa ny ao amin'io fanjakana io, ka latsaky ny 10% amin'izany ny mponina aostraliana ary laharana fahadimy izy ao amin'ireo fanjakana aostraliana. Ny ankamaroan'ny mponina dia monina ao Adelaisa (misy mponina 1 140 000), ny ankamaroan'ireo mponina hafa dia monina ao amin'ny faritra lonaka manamorona ny morontsiraka atsimo atsinanana sy ny ony Murray. Ny toekaren'io fanjakana io dia mifototra amin'ny fambolena, ny indostria, ny fitrandrahana harena an-kibon'ny tany. Ny sehatra ara-bola koa dia mandray anjara amin'io toekerena io. {{faritanin'i Aostralia}} 6ysbz06sl87sbhne358xr7vuibm3t46 0 283356 1152023 1138142 2026-10-17T10:41:55Z Aboubacarkhoraa 28852 1152023 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Map_of_sacred_hills_of_Imerina_Madagascar.jpg|vignette|Map of sacred hills of Imerina Madagascar]] Ny '''tendrombohitra roa ambin’ ny folon' Imerina''' dia havoana manan-danja ara-tantara ho an' ny [[Merina]]. Manerana an' [[Imerina]] no nisy ireo havoana ireo, izay matetika niorenan' ny renivohitry ny fanjakana tamin' ny andron' ny mpanjaka merina, na toerana nahaterahan' ireo olo-manan-kaja, na toerana misy ny fasan' ny mpitondra ara-pôlitika na ara-panahy. Ny andiana havoana masina voalohany dia nofaritan' [[Andrianjaka]], mpanjaka merina tamin' ny taonjato faha-17. Nohamafisina indray io hevitra io tamin' ny faramparan' ny taonjato faha-18 tamin' ny andron' ny mpanjaka [[Andrianampoinimerina]], izay nanolo havoana vaovao tamin' ireo toerana teo aloha. Toerana maherin' ny 12 araka izany no voatondro ho masina rehefa nandeha ny fotoana, na dia nitoetra aza ny filazana hoe "tendrombohitra masina roa ambin' ny folo", noho ny maha-zava-dehibe ny isa 12 amin' ny kôsmôlôjia malagasy. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia tsy misy porofo mivaingana momba ny maha zava-dehibe teo aloha ny maro amin' ireo toerana ireo, saingy ny lova arkeôlôjika sy ara-kolontsaina manan-danja eo amin' ny toerana maromaro dia voatahiry. Ny maha zava-dehibe ara-tantara an' ireo toerana ireo dia asehon' ny [[Rovan' Antananarivo]] eo [[Analamanga (havoana)|Analamanga]], ny tanàna mimanda eny [[Alasora]], ny trano sy fasan' ny andriana ao [[Antsahadinta]], ary ny rova ​​sy lapa eny [[Ambohimanga]], voaaro amin' ny maha Lova Iraisam-Pirenen' i [[UNESCO]] azy, nanomboka tamin' ny taona 2001. Ireto ny vohitra sy havoana mana-danja kokoa noho ny sasany: [[Alasora]], [[Ambohidrabiby]], [[Ambohidratrimo]], [[Ambohimanga]], [[Analamanga (havoana)|Analamanga]], [[Antsahadinta]], [[Ikaloy]], [[Ilafy]], [[Imerimanjaka]], [[Imerimandroso]], ary i [[Namehana]]. Indraindray dia voatsiahy koa ireto vohitra manaraka ireto: [[Ambohijoky]], [[Antongona]], Androhibe, Ampandrana, Ambohimalaza, [[Hiarandriana]], [[Ambatomanohina]], [[Ambohidrapeto]], Fenoarivo, [[Iharanandriana]], [[Ambohidrontsy]] ([[Ambohihontsy]], [[Ambohimanambola]]), [[Ambohitrondrana]], [[Amboatany]], [[Ambohiniazy]], [[Ambohijafy]], ary [[Ambohimandranjaka]]. == Jereo koa == * [[Vohitr' andriana]] == Jereo koa == [[Sokajy:Imerina]] [[Sokajy:Tendrombohitra]] 5keka98hd4w0d4qlwwkqbzx2aohm5nv 0 292540 1152028 1122890 2026-10-17T11:33:26Z Ziv 34875 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[c:COM:Duplicate|Duplicate]]: [[File:Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (2017).png]] → [[File:Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (2017).svg]] Exact or scaled-down duplicate: [[c::File:Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (2017).svg]] 1152028 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (2017).svg|thumb|Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (MDB)]] Ny '''Movimento Democrático Brasileiro''' (MDB), [[Fiteny portogey|portogey]]: ''Hetsika Demokratika Breziliana'') dia antoko politika ao {{Brazila}}. Nanomboka ny taona 1980 ka hatramin'ny 2017 no nantsoina hoe ''Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro'' (PMDB). Tsy manana foto-pisainana voafaritra mazava ny MDB, fa mampiray ireo mpanao politika tsy mitovy hevitra amin’ny fandresen-dahatra politika. Mametraka ny tenany ao amin'ny foibe ara-politika izy ary miezaka misarika ny mpifidy betsaka araka izay azo atao, na inona na inona fomba fijeriny ara-politika. ==Fifidianana 2022== Tamin'ny fifidianana tamin'ny 2022, nahazo vato 8,19% ny antoko ary seza 42 teo amin'ny solombavambahoaka federaly. ==Mpikambana fantatra== *[[Michel Temer]] - filohan'i Brazila (2016-2019) *[[Ricardo Nunes]] - ben'ny tanànan'i [[São Paulo]] *[[José Sarney]] - filohan'i Brazila (1985-1990) *[[Itamar Franco]] - filohan'i Brazila *[[Fernando Henrique Cardoso]] - filohan'i Brazila {{commonscat|Movimento Democrático Brasileiro}} [[Sokajy:Antoko breziliana]] [[Sokajy:Politika ao Brazila]] [[Sokajy:Hetsika demokratika breziliana]] 48ow889u6kvpk47b61ixd00ndtrd6ya 0 292985 1151988 1130738 2026-10-16T13:31:46Z Thelezifor 15140 Rohy anatiny 1151988 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Carpobrotus edulis kz04.jpg|vignette|401x401px|''Carpobrotus edulis'']] Ny '''''Aizoaceae''''', antsoina taloha hoe '''''Ficoidaceae''''', dia fianakavian-javamaniry [[Angiospermae|mamony]] [[Roa ravin-tsimoka|roa ravintsimoka]] ao amin' ny filaharana [[Caryophyllales]]. Ny toerana maina any amin' ny faritra atsimo amin' i [[Afrika]] no ahitana azy io. Araka ny filazan' i Watson & Dallwitz, dia ahitana karazana maherin' ny 1&nbsp;000 mitsinjara amin' ny vondron-karazana 100 mahery ity fianakaviana ity. == Vondron-karazana == Indreto ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''Aizoaceae'' araka ny ''[[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]]'' <small>(30 avr. 2010)</small>: * ''Acrodon'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Acrosanthes'' <small>Eckl. & Zeyh.</small> * ''Aethephyllum'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Aizoanthemum'' <small>Dinter ex Friedrich</small> * ''Aizoon'' <small>L.</small> * ''Amphibolia'' <small>L.Bolus ex A.G.J.Herre</small> * ''Antegibbaeum'' <small>Schwantes ex C.Weber</small> * ''Antimima'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Apatesia'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Aptenia'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Aridaria'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Aspazoma'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Astridia'' <small>Dinter</small> * ''Bijlia'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Braunsia'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Brownanthus'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Carpanthea'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Carpobrotus'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Carruanthus'' <small>(Schwantes) Schwantes</small> * ''Caryotophora'' <small>Leistn.</small> * ''Caulipsolon'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Cephalophyllum'' <small>(Haw.) N.E.Br.</small> * ''Cerochlamys'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Cleretum'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Conicosia'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Conophytum'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Corbichonia'' <small>Scop.</small> * ''Corpuscularia'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Cylindrophyllum'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Cypselea'' <small>Turpin</small> * ''Dactylopsis'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Delosperma'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Dicrocaulon'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Dinteranthus'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Diplosoma'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Disphyma'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Dorotheanthus'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Dracophilus'' <small>Dinter & Schwantes</small> * ''Drosanthemum'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Eberlanzia'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Enarganthe'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Erepsia'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Esterhuysenia'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Faucaria'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Fenestraria'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Galenia'' <small>L.</small> * ''Gibbaeum'' <small>Haw. ex N.Br.</small> * ''Glottiphyllum'' <small>Haw. ex N.Br.</small> * ''Gunniopsis'' <small>Pax</small> * ''Hallianthus'' <small>H.E.K.Hartmann</small> * ''Hammeria'' <small>Burgoyne</small> * ''Hymenogyne'' <small>Haw.</small> * ''Hypertelis'' <small>E.Mey ex Fenzl</small> * ''Jacobsenia'' <small>L.Bolus & Schwantes</small> * ''Jordaaniella'' <small>H.E.K.Hartmann</small> * ''Juttadinteria'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Lampranthus'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Leipoldtia'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Lithops'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Machairophyllum'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Malephora'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'' <small>L.</small> * ''Meyerophytum'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Monilaria'' <small>(Schwantes) Schwantes</small> * ''Mossia'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Namaquanthus'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Namibia'' <small>(Schwantes) Schwantes</small> * ''Nelia'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Neohenricia'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Octopoma'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Odontophorus'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Orthopterum'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Oscularia'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Peersia'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Phyllobolus'' <small>N.E.Br</small> * ''Pleiospilos'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Plinthus'' <small>Fenzl</small> * ''Polymita'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Prenia'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Psilocaulon'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Rhinephyllum'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Ruschia'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Saphesia'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Sceletium'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Schlechteranthus'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Scopelogena'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''[[Sesuvium]]'' <small>L.</small> * ''Skiatophytum'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Smicrostigma'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Stoeberia'' <small>Dinter & Schwantes</small> * ''Synaptophyllum'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Tetragonia'' <small>L.</small> * ''Titanopsis'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Trianthema'' <small>L.</small> * ''Tribulocarpus'' <small>S.Moore</small> * ''Trichodiadema'' <small>Schwantes</small> * ''Vanzijlia'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Vlokia'' <small>S.A.Hammer</small> * ''Wooleya'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Zaleya'' <small>Burm.f.</small> * ''Zeuktophyllum'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> == Jereo koa == * ''[[Portulaca]]'' skar622c096k22y7sptlrd2ilq6znqw 0 295730 1151999 1124971 2026-10-17T08:09:58Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanitatra votoatiny 1151999 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Sansevieria_trifasciata_Colombia.jpg|vignette|398x398px|''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Ny '''''Dracaena trifasciata''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Liliaceae]]'' na ''[[Dracaenaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Liliales]]) araka ny [[fanasokajiana klasika]], na ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Asparagaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Asparagales]]) araka ny [[fanasokajiana filôjenetika]]. ''Dracaena trifasciata'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Taloha izy io dia nantsoina hoe na '''''Sansevieria trifasciata'''''. Teratany aty [[Afrika]] izy io, manomboka any [[Nizerià]] ka hatrany amin' ny tapany atsinanana amin' i [[Repoblika Demôkratikan'i Kôngô|Repoblika Demôkratikan' i Kôngô]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Taksônômia == === Anarana hafa === Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'': * ''Sansevieria aureovariegata'' <small>Mottet</small> * ''Sansevieria jacquinii'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Sansevieria laurentii'' <small>De Wild.</small> * ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small> == Fiaviany == Teratany ao [[Afrika]] ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', ao anatin' ny faritra iray mivelatra manomboka any [[Nizerià]] ka hatrany amin' ny faritra atsinanana amin' ny [[Repoblika Demôkratikan'i Kôngô|Repoblika Demôkratikan' i Kôngô]]. Taloha, nampiasaina hanaovana tady ny ravina tena lava. == Famariparitana == Zavamaniry maharitra taona maro sady maitso mandavan-taona ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay mamorona vondrona mikitroka rehefa mitombo isa ary miely amin' ny alalan' ny [[Taranja (taova)|taranjany]] (taho mandady ambanin' ny tany na etỳ ambonin' ny tany. === Ravina === [[Sary:Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata 'Laurentii').jpg|vignette|318x318px|Ravin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Mitsangana mahitsy sy mipoitra avy eo amin' ny fototry ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ny ravina mirindra manodidina teboka iray. Maitso antitra ny ravina efa lehibe, sady misy soritra miloko maitso-volondavenona mazava manapatapaka azy. Matetika dia eo anelanelan' ny 70 sy 90 sm ny halavany ary 5 ka hatramin' ny 6 sm ny sakany, na dia mety hahatratra haavo mihoatra ny 2 m aza ilay zavamaniry raha tsara dia tsara ny fepetra iainany. Mampifanakalo ôksizenina sy gazy karbônika (ary ny mifamadika amin' izany) ilay zavamaniry mba hahafahany miaritra ny [[haintany]]. Ny lavaka bitika kely eo amin' ny raviny, izay antsoina hoe [[stômaty]] sady ampiasainy amin' ny fampifanakalozana etona, dia misokatra amin' ny alina ihany mba tsy hahavery ny rano amin' ny alalan' ny fietona vokatry ny hafanan' ny masoandro. === Vony === [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata flowers.JPG|ankavia|vignette|277x277px|Vonin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata Bluete pm.jpg|vignette|204x204px|Vonin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Sarotra ny mampamony ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ivelan' ny tontolo voajanahary misy azy. Azo atao kosa anefa ny mamorona tontolo mitovy amin' ny misy azy voajanahary. Miovaova ny lokon' ny voniny, manomboka amin' ny fotsy somary maitso ka hatramin' ny loko mitovy amin' ny hero-dronono. Misy amin' ireo vony ireo ny mamoaka hanitra mandritra ny alina, fa ny sasany kosa tsy misy fofona mihitsy. === Voa === [[Sary:Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata) with fruit 1.jpg|vignette|''Dracaena trifasciata'' mamoa]] Sarotra mamoa ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. == Fampiasana == === Ahazoana tsiraka === Tahaka ny karazana hafa ao amin' ny vondron-karazana misy azy, ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' dia manome karazana [[tsiraka]] matanjaka tsara ka nampiasaina taloha hanaovana tadin-[[Tsipìka (fitaovana)|tsipìka]]. === Fanao haingo === [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata (BYU, LSB).jpg|vignette]] Amin' izao fotoana izao, ampiasaina indrindra ho zavamaniry fanao haingon-trano na haingion-tokontany ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'': any ivelan' ny trano any amin' ny faritra mafana, ary ao anaty trano any amin' ny faritra mangatsiaka kokoa. Malaza ho zavamaniry famboly an-trano izy satria mahazaka toerana tsy dia mazava loatra sady tsy mitaky fanondrahana tsy tapaka. Mandritra ny ririnina, dia ampy ny manondraka azy indray mandeha isaky ny volana vitsivitsy. Mora lo anefa izy raha tondrahana be loatra. Matetika izy no atolotra ho an' ny vao manomboka mikarakara zavamaniry famboly an-trano, noho ny fahamoran' ny fikarakarana azy. === Manadio rivotra === Hitan' ny fanadihadiana nataon' ny [[NASA Clean Air Study]] fa afaka manadio ny rivotra ao an-trano ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay manaisotra ny efatra amin' ny poizina dimy lehibe mahatonga ny aretina vokatry ny trano tsy madio (fantatra amin' ny hoe "''sick building syndrome''"). Na izany aza, miadana loatra ny fanadiovany rivotra ka tsy dia misy fampiharina loatra ao anaty trano. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Ao [[Afrika Atsimo]] dia ampiasaina hitsaboana [[aretin-tsofina]] ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. === Mila fitandremana === Misy akora antsoina hoe "[[sapôninina]]" ao anatin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay misy poizina kely ho an' ny [[alika]] sy ny [[saka]], ka mety hiteraka olana eo amin' ny fandevonan-kanina raha hanin' ireo biby ireo. == Fambolena sy fiparitahany == [[Sary:Sepperating-a-snake-plant-pup-from-a-larger-mother-plant.jpg|vignette|306x306px|''Dracaena trifasciata'' nongotaha sady ahitana taranjany]] Azo ampitomboina ny amin' ny alalan' ny tsatoboly na amin' ny fizaràn' ny taranjany ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. Ny fatiantoka amin' ny fomba voalohany dia ny fahaverezan' ny loko mifangaro eo amin' ny raviny. Ampiasaina betsaka ho zavamaniry fanao haingo izy io any amin' ny faritra mafana, ka ambolena any ivelan' ny trano ao anaty tavy na eny an-jaridaina; fa any amin' ny faritra misy toetany antonony kosa dia ambolena ao an-trano izy. Any [[Aostralia]], misy ny manam-pahaizana mihevitra ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ho zavamaniry mety hivadika ho ahidratsy manafika. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dracaena]]'' * ''[[Sansevieria]]'' * [[Lelanaomby]]: ''Dracaena trifasciata'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> (← ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small>) (''[[Asparagaceae]]''); ''[[Trichodesma zeylanicum]]'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> (''[[Boraginaceae]]'') t0r3y4vj8pdzidqg86s5em631309p8s 1152000 1151999 2026-10-17T08:19:28Z Thelezifor 15140 Ovan-karazana 1152000 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Sansevieria_trifasciata_Colombia.jpg|vignette|398x398px|''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Ny '''''Dracaena trifasciata''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Liliaceae]]'' na ''[[Dracaenaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Liliales]]) araka ny [[fanasokajiana klasika]], na ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Asparagaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Asparagales]]) araka ny [[fanasokajiana filôjenetika]]. ''Dracaena trifasciata'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Taloha izy io dia nantsoina hoe na '''''Sansevieria trifasciata'''''. Teratany aty [[Afrika]] izy io, manomboka any [[Nizerià]] ka hatrany amin' ny tapany atsinanana amin' i [[Repoblika Demôkratikan'i Kôngô|Repoblika Demôkratikan' i Kôngô]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Taksônômia == === Anarana hafa === Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'': * ''Sansevieria aureovariegata'' <small>Mottet</small> * ''Sansevieria jacquinii'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Sansevieria laurentii'' <small>De Wild.</small> * ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small> == Fiaviany == Teratany ao [[Afrika]] ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', ao anatin' ny faritra iray mivelatra manomboka any [[Nizerià]] ka hatrany amin' ny faritra atsinanana amin' ny [[Repoblika Demôkratikan'i Kôngô|Repoblika Demôkratikan' i Kôngô]]. Taloha, nampiasaina hanaovana tady ny ravina tena lava. == Famariparitana == Zavamaniry maharitra taona maro sady maitso mandavan-taona ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay mamorona vondrona mikitroka rehefa mitombo isa ary miely amin' ny alalan' ny [[Taranja (taova)|taranjany]] (taho mandady ambanin' ny tany na etỳ ambonin' ny tany. === Ravina === [[Sary:Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata 'Laurentii').jpg|vignette|318x318px|Ravin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Mitsangana mahitsy sy mipoitra avy eo amin' ny fototry ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ny ravina mirindra manodidina teboka iray. Maitso antitra ny ravina efa lehibe, sady misy soritra miloko maitso-volondavenona mazava manapatapaka azy. Matetika dia eo anelanelan' ny 70 sy 90 sm ny halavany ary 5 ka hatramin' ny 6 sm ny sakany, na dia mety hahatratra haavo mihoatra ny 2 m aza ilay zavamaniry raha tsara dia tsara ny fepetra iainany. Mampifanakalo ôksizenina sy gazy karbônika (ary ny mifamadika amin' izany) ilay zavamaniry mba hahafahany miaritra ny [[haintany]]. Ny lavaka bitika kely eo amin' ny raviny, izay antsoina hoe [[stômaty]] sady ampiasainy amin' ny fampifanakalozana etona, dia misokatra amin' ny alina ihany mba tsy hahavery ny rano amin' ny alalan' ny fietona vokatry ny hafanan' ny masoandro. === Vony === [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata flowers.JPG|ankavia|vignette|277x277px|Vonin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata Bluete pm.jpg|vignette|204x204px|Vonin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Sarotra ny mampamony ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ivelan' ny tontolo voajanahary misy azy. Azo atao kosa anefa ny mamorona tontolo mitovy amin' ny misy azy voajanahary. Miovaova ny lokon' ny voniny, manomboka amin' ny fotsy somary maitso ka hatramin' ny loko mitovy amin' ny hero-dronono. Misy amin' ireo vony ireo ny mamoaka hanitra mandritra ny alina, fa ny sasany kosa tsy misy fofona mihitsy. === Voa === [[Sary:Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata) with fruit 1.jpg|vignette|''Dracaena trifasciata'' mamoa]] Sarotra mamoa ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. == Fampiasana == === Ahazoana tsiraka === Tahaka ny karazana hafa ao amin' ny vondron-karazana misy azy, ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' dia manome karazana [[tsiraka]] matanjaka tsara ka nampiasaina taloha hanaovana tadin-[[Tsipìka (fitaovana)|tsipìka]]. === Fanao haingo === [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata (BYU, LSB).jpg|vignette]] Amin' izao fotoana izao, ampiasaina indrindra ho zavamaniry fanao haingon-trano na haingion-tokontany ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'': any ivelan' ny trano any amin' ny faritra mafana, ary ao anaty trano any amin' ny faritra mangatsiaka kokoa. Malaza ho zavamaniry famboly an-trano izy satria mahazaka toerana tsy dia mazava loatra sady tsy mitaky fanondrahana tsy tapaka. Mandritra ny ririnina, dia ampy ny manondraka azy indray mandeha isaky ny volana vitsivitsy. Mora lo anefa izy raha tondrahana be loatra. Matetika izy no atolotra ho an' ny vao manomboka mikarakara zavamaniry famboly an-trano, noho ny fahamoran' ny fikarakarana azy. === Manadio rivotra === Hitan' ny fanadihadiana nataon' ny [[NASA Clean Air Study]] fa afaka manadio ny rivotra ao an-trano ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay manaisotra ny efatra amin' ny poizina dimy lehibe mahatonga ny aretina vokatry ny trano tsy madio (fantatra amin' ny hoe "''sick building syndrome''"). Na izany aza, miadana loatra ny fanadiovany rivotra ka tsy dia misy fampiharina loatra ao anaty trano. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Ao [[Afrika Atsimo]] dia ampiasaina hitsaboana [[aretin-tsofina]] ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. === Mila fitandremana === Misy akora antsoina hoe "[[sapôninina]]" ao anatin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay misy poizina kely ho an' ny [[alika]] sy ny [[saka]], ka mety hiteraka olana eo amin' ny fandevonan-kanina raha hanin' ireo biby ireo. == Fambolena sy fiparitahany == [[Sary:Sepperating-a-snake-plant-pup-from-a-larger-mother-plant.jpg|vignette|306x306px|''Dracaena trifasciata'' nongotaha sady ahitana taranjany]] Azo ampitomboina ny amin' ny alalan' ny tsatoboly na amin' ny fizaràn' ny taranjany ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. Ny fatiantoka amin' ny fomba voalohany dia ny fahaverezan' ny loko mifangaro eo amin' ny raviny. Ampiasaina betsaka ho zavamaniry fanao haingo izy io any amin' ny faritra mafana, ka ambolena any ivelan' ny trano ao anaty tavy na eny an-jaridaina; fa any amin' ny faritra misy toetany antonony kosa dia ambolena ao an-trano izy. Any [[Aostralia]], misy ny manam-pahaizana mihevitra ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ho zavamaniry mety hivadika ho ahidratsy manafika. === Ovan-karazana === [[Sary:HK Plant Green Leaves 2.JPG|vignette|237x237px|''Sansevieria trifasciata'' 'Hahnii Green Leaves']] Ovan-karazana ambolena maro no novolavolaina, ka ny ankamaroany dia manana ravina misy loko mifangaro, ahitana tsipika mavo na fotsy volafotsy eo amin' ny sisin' ny ravina. Anisan' ny ovan-karazana malaza ny 'Compacta', ny 'Goldiana', ny 'Hahnii', ny 'Laurentii', ny 'Silbersee', ary ny 'Silver Hahnii'. Ny ovan-karazana ''Dracaena trifasciata'' var. ''laurentii'', miaraka amin' ny ovan-karazana noforonina 'Bantel's Sensation' sy 'Golden Hahni', dia nahazo ny loka *Award of Garden Merit* avy amin'ny *Royal Horticultural Society*. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dracaena]]'' * ''[[Sansevieria]]'' * [[Lelanaomby]]: ''Dracaena trifasciata'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> (← ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small>) (''[[Asparagaceae]]''); ''[[Trichodesma zeylanicum]]'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> (''[[Boraginaceae]]'') 6v55wmiku1o691w8x5t9kf6p2ug2atx 1152001 1152000 2026-10-17T08:35:42Z Thelezifor 15140 Ovan-karazana 1152001 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Sansevieria_trifasciata_Colombia.jpg|vignette|398x398px|''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Ny '''''Dracaena trifasciata''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Liliaceae]]'' na ''[[Dracaenaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Liliales]]) araka ny [[fanasokajiana klasika]], na ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Asparagaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Asparagales]]) araka ny [[fanasokajiana filôjenetika]]. ''Dracaena trifasciata'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Taloha izy io dia nantsoina hoe na '''''Sansevieria trifasciata'''''. Teratany aty [[Afrika]] izy io, manomboka any [[Nizerià]] ka hatrany amin' ny tapany atsinanana amin' i [[Repoblika Demôkratikan'i Kôngô|Repoblika Demôkratikan' i Kôngô]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Taksônômia == === Anarana hafa === Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'': * ''Sansevieria aureovariegata'' <small>Mottet</small> * ''Sansevieria jacquinii'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Sansevieria laurentii'' <small>De Wild.</small> * ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small> == Fiaviany == Teratany ao [[Afrika]] ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', ao anatin' ny faritra iray mivelatra manomboka any [[Nizerià]] ka hatrany amin' ny faritra atsinanana amin' ny [[Repoblika Demôkratikan'i Kôngô|Repoblika Demôkratikan' i Kôngô]]. Taloha, nampiasaina hanaovana tady ny ravina tena lava. == Famariparitana == Zavamaniry maharitra taona maro sady maitso mandavan-taona ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay mamorona vondrona mikitroka rehefa mitombo isa ary miely amin' ny alalan' ny [[Taranja (taova)|taranjany]] (taho mandady ambanin' ny tany na etỳ ambonin' ny tany. === Ravina === [[Sary:Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata 'Laurentii').jpg|vignette|318x318px|Ravin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Mitsangana mahitsy sy mipoitra avy eo amin' ny fototry ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ny ravina mirindra manodidina teboka iray. Maitso antitra ny ravina efa lehibe, sady misy soritra miloko maitso-volondavenona mazava manapatapaka azy. Matetika dia eo anelanelan' ny 70 sy 90 sm ny halavany ary 5 ka hatramin' ny 6 sm ny sakany, na dia mety hahatratra haavo mihoatra ny 2 m aza ilay zavamaniry raha tsara dia tsara ny fepetra iainany. Mampifanakalo ôksizenina sy gazy karbônika (ary ny mifamadika amin' izany) ilay zavamaniry mba hahafahany miaritra ny [[haintany]]. Ny lavaka bitika kely eo amin' ny raviny, izay antsoina hoe [[stômaty]] sady ampiasainy amin' ny fampifanakalozana etona, dia misokatra amin' ny alina ihany mba tsy hahavery ny rano amin' ny alalan' ny fietona vokatry ny hafanan' ny masoandro. === Vony === [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata flowers.JPG|ankavia|vignette|277x277px|Vonin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata Bluete pm.jpg|vignette|204x204px|Vonin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Sarotra ny mampamony ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ivelan' ny tontolo voajanahary misy azy. Azo atao kosa anefa ny mamorona tontolo mitovy amin' ny misy azy voajanahary. Miovaova ny lokon' ny voniny, manomboka amin' ny fotsy somary maitso ka hatramin' ny loko mitovy amin' ny hero-dronono. Misy amin' ireo vony ireo ny mamoaka hanitra mandritra ny alina, fa ny sasany kosa tsy misy fofona mihitsy. === Voa === [[Sary:Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata) with fruit 1.jpg|vignette|''Dracaena trifasciata'' mamoa]] Sarotra mamoa ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. == Fampiasana == === Ahazoana tsiraka === Tahaka ny karazana hafa ao amin' ny vondron-karazana misy azy, ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' dia manome karazana [[tsiraka]] matanjaka tsara ka nampiasaina taloha hanaovana tadin-[[Tsipìka (fitaovana)|tsipìka]]. === Fanao haingo === [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata (BYU, LSB).jpg|vignette|''Dracaena trifasciata'' amblena anaty trano fonenana]] Amin' izao fotoana izao, ampiasaina indrindra ho zavamaniry fanao haingon-trano na haingion-tokontany ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'': any ivelan' ny trano any amin' ny faritra mafana, ary ao anaty trano any amin' ny faritra mangatsiaka kokoa. Malaza ho zavamaniry famboly an-trano izy satria mahazaka toerana tsy dia mazava loatra sady tsy mitaky fanondrahana tsy tapaka. Mandritra ny ririnina, dia ampy ny manondraka azy indray mandeha isaky ny volana vitsivitsy. Mora lo anefa izy raha tondrahana be loatra. Matetika izy no atolotra ho an' ny vao manomboka mikarakara zavamaniry famboly an-trano, noho ny fahamoran' ny fikarakarana azy. === Manadio rivotra === Hitan' ny fanadihadiana nataon' ny [[NASA Clean Air Study]] fa afaka manadio ny rivotra ao an-trano ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay manaisotra ny efatra amin' ny poizina dimy lehibe mahatonga ny aretina vokatry ny trano tsy madio (fantatra amin' ny hoe "''sick building syndrome''")<ref><small>BC Wolverton; WL Douglas; K Bounds (July 1989). ''[https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19930073077.pdf A study of interior landscape plants for indoor air pollution abatement]'' (PDF) (Report). NASA. NASA-TM-108061.</small></ref>. Na izany aza, miadana loatra ny fanadiovany rivotra ka tsy dia misy fampiharina loatra ao anaty trano<ref><small>Cummings, Bryan E.; Waring, Michael S. (6 November 2019). "[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-019-0175-9 Potted plants do not improve indoor air quality: a review and analysis of reported VOC removal efficiencies]". ''Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology''. 30 (2): 253–261. doi:10.1038/s41370-019-0175-9. ISSN 1559-064X. <nowiki>PMID 31695112</nowiki>. S2CID 207911697.</small></ref>. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Ao [[Afrika Atsimo]] dia ampiasaina hitsaboana [[aretin-tsofina]] ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. === Mila fitandremana === Misy akora antsoina hoe "[[sapôninina]]" ao anatin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay misy poizina kely ho an' ny [[alika]] sy ny [[saka]], ka mety hiteraka olana eo amin' ny fandevonan-kanina raha hanin' ireo biby ireo<ref><small>"[https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/aspca-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mother-laws-tongue Mother-in-Law's Tongue]". ASPCA.</small></ref>. == Fambolena sy fiparitahany == [[Sary:Sepperating-a-snake-plant-pup-from-a-larger-mother-plant.jpg|vignette|306x306px|''Dracaena trifasciata'' nongotaha sady ahitana taranjany]] Azo ampitomboina ny amin' ny alalan' ny tsatoboly na amin' ny fizaràn' ny taranjany ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. Ny fatiantoka amin' ny fomba voalohany dia ny fahaverezan' ny loko mifangaro eo amin' ny raviny. Ampiasaina betsaka ho zavamaniry fanao haingo izy io any amin' ny faritra mafana, ka ambolena any ivelan' ny trano ao anaty tavy na eny an-jaridaina; fa any amin' ny faritra misy toetany antonony kosa dia ambolena ao an-trano izy. Any [[Aostralia]], misy ny manam-pahaizana mihevitra ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ho zavamaniry mety hivadika ho ahidratsy manafika. === Ovan-karazana === [[Sary:HK Plant Green Leaves 2.JPG|vignette|237x237px|''Sansevieria trifasciata'' 'Hahnii Green Leaves']] Ovan-karazana ambolena maro no novolavolaina, ka ny ankamaroany dia manana ravina misy loko mifangaro, ahitana tsipika mavo na fotsy volafotsy eo amin' ny sisin' ny ravina. Anisan' ny ovan-karazana malaza ny 'Compacta', ny 'Goldiana', ny 'Hahnii', ny 'Laurentii', ny 'Silbersee', ary ny 'Silver Hahnii'. Hitan' i William W. Smith Jr. tamin' ny taona 1939 tao amin' ny ''Crescent Nursery Company'', any [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], ny 'Hahnii'. Nomena an' i Sylvan Frank Hahn avy any [[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]] ny patanty tamin' ny taona 1941<ref><small>Smith, William Walter. "[https://patents.google.com/patent/USPP470 Sansevieria]". ''Plant Patent 470''. United States Patent Office. Notsidihna tamin' ny 26/03/2013.</small></ref>. Nahazo ny loka ''Award of Garden Merit'' avy amin' ny ''Royal Horticultural Society'' ny ovan-karazana ''Dracaena trifasciata'' var. ''laurentii'', miaraka amin' ny ovan-karazana noforonina 'Bantel's Sensation' sy 'Golden Hahni'<ref><small>"[https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/rhs-recommended-award-of-garden-merit-ornamentals.pdf AGM Plants - Ornamental]" (PDF). ''Royal Horticultural Society''. July 2017. p. 94. Notsidihina tamin' ny 28/10/2018.</small></ref>. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dracaena]]'' * ''[[Sansevieria]]'' * [[Lelanaomby]]: ''Dracaena trifasciata'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> (← ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small>) (''[[Asparagaceae]]''); ''[[Trichodesma zeylanicum]]'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> (''[[Boraginaceae]]'') == Loharano == ewzdco0k1ygaem83hob7tucfkcheayu 1152002 1152001 2026-10-17T08:56:06Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanampy loharano 1152002 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Sansevieria_trifasciata_Colombia.jpg|vignette|398x398px|''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Ny '''''Dracaena trifasciata''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] [[tokan-dravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Liliaceae]]'' na ''[[Dracaenaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Liliales]]) araka ny [[fanasokajiana klasika]], na ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Asparagaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Asparagales]]) araka ny [[fanasokajiana filôjenetika]]. ''Dracaena trifasciata'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. Taloha izy io dia nantsoina hoe na '''''Sansevieria trifasciata'''''. Teratany aty [[Afrika]] izy io, manomboka any [[Nizerià]] ka hatrany amin' ny tapany atsinanana amin' i [[Repoblika Demôkratikan'i Kôngô|Repoblika Demôkratikan' i Kôngô]]. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Taksônômia == === Anarana hafa === Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'': * ''Sansevieria aureovariegata'' <small>Mottet</small> * ''Sansevieria jacquinii'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Sansevieria laurentii'' <small>De Wild.</small> * ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small> == Fiaviany == Teratany ao [[Afrika]] ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', ao anatin' ny faritra iray mivelatra manomboka any [[Nizerià]] ka hatrany amin' ny faritra atsinanana amin' ny [[Repoblika Demôkratikan'i Kôngô|Repoblika Demôkratikan' i Kôngô]]. Taloha, nampiasaina hanaovana tady ny ravina tena lava. == Famariparitana == Zavamaniry maharitra taona maro sady maitso mandavan-taona ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay mamorona vondrona mikitroka rehefa mitombo isa ary miely amin' ny alalan' ny [[Taranja (taova)|taranjany]] (taho mandady ambanin' ny tany na etỳ ambonin' ny tany. === Ravina === [[Sary:Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata 'Laurentii').jpg|vignette|318x318px|Ravin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Mitsangana mahitsy sy mipoitra avy eo amin' ny fototry ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ny ravina mirindra manodidina teboka iray. Maitso antitra ny ravina efa lehibe, sady misy soritra miloko maitso-volondavenona mazava manapatapaka azy. Matetika dia eo anelanelan' ny 70 sy 90 sm ny halavany ary 5 ka hatramin' ny 6 sm ny sakany, na dia mety hahatratra haavo mihoatra ny 2 m aza ilay zavamaniry raha tsara dia tsara ny fepetra iainany. Mampifanakalo ôksizenina sy gazy karbônika (ary ny mifamadika amin' izany) ilay zavamaniry mba hahafahany miaritra ny [[haintany]]. Ny lavaka bitika kely eo amin' ny raviny, izay antsoina hoe [[stômaty]] sady ampiasainy amin' ny fampifanakalozana etona, dia misokatra amin' ny alina ihany mba tsy hahavery ny rano amin' ny alalan' ny fietona vokatry ny hafanan' ny masoandro. === Vony === [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata flowers.JPG|ankavia|vignette|277x277px|Vonin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata Bluete pm.jpg|vignette|204x204px|Vonin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Sarotra ny mampamony ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ivelan' ny tontolo voajanahary misy azy. Azo atao kosa anefa ny mamorona tontolo mitovy amin' ny misy azy voajanahary. Miovaova ny lokon' ny voniny, manomboka amin' ny fotsy somary maitso ka hatramin' ny loko mitovy amin' ny hero-dronono. Misy amin' ireo vony ireo ny mamoaka hanitra mandritra ny alina, fa ny sasany kosa tsy misy fofona mihitsy. === Voa === [[Sary:Snake Plant (Sansevieria trifasciata) with fruit 1.jpg|vignette|''Dracaena trifasciata'' mamoa]] Sarotra mamoa ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. == Fampiasana == Ampiasaina indrindra ho haingo sy amin' ny asa tanana ary ho fanafody nentim-paharazana (any amin' ny faritra sasany) ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. === Ahazoana tsiraka === Tahaka ny karazana hafa ao amin' ny vondron-karazana misy azy, ny ravin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' dia manome karazana [[tsiraka]] matanjaka tsara izay azo alaina mba hampiasaina hanaovana tady, kofehy, lamba, ary karazana tady hafa ho an' ny asa tanana isan-karazany. Voarakitra ao amin' ny faritra maro ao [[Afrika]] ny fampiasana izany. Nampiasaina taloha hanaovana tadin-[[Tsipìka (fitaovana)|tsipìka]]. koa izany tsiraka izany<ref name=":1"><small>"[https://www.kew.org/plants/snake-plant ''Dracaena trifasciata'' - Snake plant]", ''www.kew.org''</small></ref><ref><small>"[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9122912 Indirect organogenesis for high frequency shoot regeneration of two cultivars of ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' Prain differing in fiber production]", ''pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov''</small></ref>. === Fanao haingo === [[Sary:Sansevieria trifasciata (BYU, LSB).jpg|vignette|''Dracaena trifasciata'' amblena anaty trano fonenana]] Amin' izao fotoana izao, ampiasaina indrindra ho zavamaniry fanao haingon-trano na haingion-tokontany ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'': any ivelan' ny trano any amin' ny faritra mafana, ary ao anaty trano any amin' ny faritra mangatsiaka kokoa. Malaza ho zavamaniry famboly an-trano izy satria mahazaka toerana tsy dia mazava loatra sady tsy mitaky fanondrahana tsy tapaka. Mandritra ny ririnina, dia ampy ny manondraka azy indray mandeha isaky ny volana vitsivitsy. Mora lo anefa izy raha tondrahana be loatra. Matetika izy no atolotra ho an' ny vao manomboka mikarakara zavamaniry famboly an-trano, noho ny fahamoran' ny fikarakarana azy. === Manadio rivotra === Hitan' ny fanadihadiana nataon' ny [[NASA Clean Air Study]] fa afaka manadio ny rivotra ao an-trano ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay manaisotra ny efatra amin' ny poizina dimy lehibe mahatonga ny aretina vokatry ny trano tsy madio (fantatra amin' ny hoe "''sick building syndrome''")<ref><small>BC Wolverton; WL Douglas; K Bounds (July 1989). ''[https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19930073077.pdf A study of interior landscape plants for indoor air pollution abatement]'' (PDF) (Report). NASA. NASA-TM-108061.</small></ref>. Na izany aza, miadana loatra ny fanadiovany rivotra ka tsy dia misy fampiharina loatra ao anaty trano<ref><small>Cummings, Bryan E.; Waring, Michael S. (6 November 2019). "[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-019-0175-9 Potted plants do not improve indoor air quality: a review and analysis of reported VOC removal efficiencies]". ''Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology''. 30 (2): 253–261. doi:10.1038/s41370-019-0175-9. ISSN 1559-064X. <nowiki>PMID 31695112</nowiki>. S2CID 207911697.</small></ref>. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Mampiasa ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' amin' ny [[fitsaboana nentim-paharazana]] ny vondrom-piarahamonina any amin' ny faritra samihafa eran-tany. Anisan' ny fampiasana voalaza ny fitsaboana nentim-paharazana ho an' ny [[aretin-tsofina]] sasany, ny fanalana fibontsinana (tongotra, sns), ary ny fanamboarana fanafody isan-karazany avy amin' ny raviny na ny fakany. Nisy fikarohana natao tao amin' ny labôratoara nandinika ny singa samihafa ao anatiny sy ny toetra biôlôjikan' ireo singa ireo, anisan' izany ny mety ho fahafahany miady amin' ny [[Zavamananaina bitika|mikrôba]] sy mampihena ny fivontosana. Tsy ampy hametrahana fitsaboana mahomby ho an' ny olombelona anefa ireo vokatra azo ireo<ref name=":1" /><ref><small>"[https://www.ijpsjournal.com/article/dracaena-trifasciata-a-comprehensive-review-of-pharmacognosy-phytochemistry-traditional-medicinal-uses-and-pharmacological-activities Dracaena Trifasciata: A Comprehensive Review Of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Traditional Medicinal Uses And Pharmacological Activities]", ''www.ijpsjournal.com''</small></ref>. === Mila fitandremana === Misy akora antsoina hoe "[[sapôninina]]" ao anatin' ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'', izay misy poizina kely ho an' ny [[alika]] sy ny [[saka]], ka mety hiteraka olana eo amin' ny fandevonan-kanina raha hanin' ireo biby ireo<ref><small>"[https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/aspca-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mother-laws-tongue Mother-in-Law's Tongue]". ASPCA.</small></ref>. == Fambolena sy fiparitahany == [[Sary:Sepperating-a-snake-plant-pup-from-a-larger-mother-plant.jpg|vignette|306x306px|''Dracaena trifasciata'' nongotaha sady ahitana taranjany]] Azo ampitomboina ny amin' ny alalan' ny tsatoboly na amin' ny fizaràn' ny taranjany ny ''Dracaena trifasciata''. Ny fatiantoka amin' ny fomba voalohany dia ny fahaverezan' ny loko mifangaro eo amin' ny raviny. Ampiasaina betsaka ho zavamaniry fanao haingo izy io any amin' ny faritra mafana, ka ambolena any ivelan' ny trano ao anaty tavy na eny an-jaridaina; fa any amin' ny faritra misy toetany antonony kosa dia ambolena ao an-trano izy. Any [[Aostralia]], misy ny manam-pahaizana mihevitra ny ''Dracaena trifasciata'' ho zavamaniry mety hivadika ho ahidratsy manafika. === Ovan-karazana === [[Sary:HK Plant Green Leaves 2.JPG|vignette|237x237px|''Sansevieria trifasciata'' 'Hahnii Green Leaves']] Ovan-karazana ambolena maro no novolavolaina, ka ny ankamaroany dia manana ravina misy loko mifangaro, ahitana tsipika mavo na fotsy volafotsy eo amin' ny sisin' ny ravina. Anisan' ny ovan-karazana malaza ny 'Compacta', ny 'Goldiana', ny 'Hahnii', ny 'Laurentii', ny 'Silbersee', ary ny 'Silver Hahnii'. Hitan' i William W. Smith Jr. tamin' ny taona 1939 tao amin' ny ''Crescent Nursery Company'', any [[New Orleans]], [[Louisiana]], ny 'Hahnii'. Nomena an' i Sylvan Frank Hahn avy any [[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]] ny patanty tamin' ny taona 1941<ref><small>Smith, William Walter. "[https://patents.google.com/patent/USPP470 Sansevieria]". ''Plant Patent 470''. United States Patent Office. Notsidihna tamin' ny 26/03/2013.</small></ref>. Nahazo ny loka ''Award of Garden Merit'' avy amin' ny ''Royal Horticultural Society'' ny ovan-karazana ''Dracaena trifasciata'' var. ''laurentii'', miaraka amin' ny ovan-karazana noforonina 'Bantel's Sensation' sy 'Golden Hahni'<ref><small>"[https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/rhs-recommended-award-of-garden-merit-ornamentals.pdf AGM Plants - Ornamental]" (PDF). ''Royal Horticultural Society''. July 2017. p. 94. Notsidihina tamin' ny 28/10/2018.</small></ref>. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dracaena]]'' * ''[[Sansevieria]]'' * [[Lelanaomby]]: ''Dracaena trifasciata'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> (← ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small>) (''[[Asparagaceae]]''); ''[[Trichodesma zeylanicum]]'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> (''[[Boraginaceae]]'') == Loharano == 03titj715e3nram1tmjr643rtprglk8 0 297424 1151995 1151987 2026-10-17T04:56:39Z Thelezifor 15140 Asasoratra nataon' ny ekipa 1151995 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''Jardins du monde''', izay hafohezina amin' ny hoe '''JDM''' na '''JdM''', dia fikambanam-piraisankina iraisam-pirenena fehezin' ny lalàna frantsain' ny taona 1901, izay mikendry ny hanatsarana ny fahasalaman' ny mponina izay mahazo kely na tena tsy mahazo fanafody môderina, amin' ny alalan' ny fampiasana zavamaniry fanao fanafody. Ny JDM koa dia manao fanadihadiana momba ny [[etnôbôtanika]] sy manangana zaridaina fanabeazana sy tantanin' ny fokonolona, mampiofana amin' ny fampiasana zavamaniry ho an' ny fitsaboana ary mamoaka tahirin-kevitra fampianarana. Efa hatramin' ny taona 1992 no niasa tany amin' ny firenena maro ny JDM, anisan' izany i [[Borkina Fasô]], i [[Silia]], i [[Goatemala]], i [[Hôndorasy]] ary i [[Madagasikara]]. I Madagasikara manokana dia anaovany fndalinana sy anangonany hevitra ary ampitany ny fahalalana nentin-drazana momba ny zava-maniry fanao fanafody any amin' ny faritra atsimo-andrefana sy avaratra amin' ny Nosy. == Tantara == Tamin' ny taona 1992, satria niaina vanim-potoanan' ny herisetra i [[Goatemala]], dia niforona tao [[Finistère]] any [[Frantsa]] ny fikambanam-piraisankina iraisam-pirenena antsoina hoe "''Arrée K'iché''", noho ny hetsika nataon' i Jean-Pierre Nicolas. Mba hiatrehana ny hamehana ara-pahasalamana, indrindra ny tsy fahampian' ny fanafody tena ilaina, dia nanomboka niara-niasa tamin' ny mponina ao [[Quiché]] ity fikambanana ity mba hamorona zaridainan-javamaniry fanao fanafody, mba hanamboatra fanafody, mba hampiofana ny mpiasan' ny fahasalamana sy ny mpampivelona nentim-paharazana, ary mba hanangana fivarotam-panafody tantanan' ny fokonolona. Taorian' ny fanitarana ny asany any an-dafin' i Goatemala, indrindra fa hatrany [[Hôndorasy]], dia noravana ny "''Arrée K'iché''" mba hahafahan' ny fananganana ny fikambanana "Jardins du Monde" tamin' ny taona 1997. == Faritra iasana == Miasa na efa niasa, tany [[Borkina Fasô]], [[Silia]], [[Goatemala]], [[Hôndorasy]], [[Madagasikara]], ary [[Tibet|Tibeta]] ny JDM. Ny ankamaroan' ny asa ataony dia any Borkina Fasô sy eto Madagasikara amin' izao fotoana izao, izay misy ny ekipa eny an-toerana mandrindra sy manara-maso ny famokarana zavamaniry fanao fanafody avo lenta, manome fiofanana momba ny fahasalamana, sns. Manana sampana any [[Espaina]] sy any ain' ny faritra Alpes koa ny JDM. Manao fikarohana momba ny [[etnôbôtanika]] any amin' ny tangoron-tendrombohitra Bauges sy Chartreuse, ary koa ao amin' ny tangoron-tendrombohitra Écrins ity sampana ity. An-dalana ihany koa ny tetikasa hitahirizana ny zavamaniry fanao fanafody any [[Môngôlia]]. == Foto-kevitra == Noho ny ankamaroan' ny olombelona tsy manana fahafahana ara-bola hividianana fanafody mahazatra, dia mamporisika ny fampiasana [[zavamaniry fanao fanafody]] izay efa voaporofo ara-tsiansa ny fahombiazany ny fikambanana Jardins du Monde (JDM). Marihina fa na dia azo antoka amin' ny ankapobeny aza ny fampiasana ireo zavamaniry ireo, dia misy amin' izy ireo ny ahitana singa misy poizina. Tena ilaina ny fanarahana ny fatra tokony hampiasaina mba hahafahana mampiasa ireo zavamaniry ireo tsy misy ahina. Amin' ny ankapobeny, tsy miditra an-tsehatra ny JDM raha tsy misy mangataka (ohatra: ny mponina eny an-tanàna, ny Sampam-pianarana momba ny Siansa ao amin' ny oniversite iray any avaratra amin' i [[Madagasikara]]). Voalohany, misy fanadihadiana [[etnôbôtanika]] atao mba handraketana an-tsoratra ny singa rehetra ao amin' ny [[farmakôpea]] nentim-paharazana. Aorian' ny famantarana ho tena izy ny zavamaniry voarakitra dia mijery literatiora siantifika ny JDM mba hahazoana fampahalalana momba ny poizina sy ny fahombiazan' ny fitsaboana mba hisafidianana ny karazana homena lanja. Ny fananganana zaridainan-javamaniry fanao fanafody, izay ampiasaina amin' ny fiofanana, no dingana manaraka. Amin' ny tranga rehetra, dia tanterahina miaraka amin' ny fifampidinihana sy fiaraha-miasa amin' ny mponina eo an-toerana ny asan' ny JDM, izay fehezin' ny sata etika. Ny Jardins du Monde mantsy dia mampifanaraka ny paikadin' ny fanatsarana ny fahasalamana mba hifanaraka amin' ny toe-javatra ara-kolontsaina. Fanampin' izany, manohana ny mpamokatra zavamaniry izay maniry hanondrana karazana zavamaniry ilain' ny indostrian' ny [[kôsmetika]] sy ny zavamaniry fanao sakafo sady fanafody ny JDM, ao anatin' ny rafitry ny varotra ara-drariny. Farany, miara-miasa amin' ny labôratoara eny anivon' ny oniversite ny JDM eo amin' ny sehatry ny fikarohana momba ny [[aretina any amin' ny faritra mafana]], toy ny [[tazomoka]] na ny [[leismaniôzy]] na leismaniazy . Mifanaraka tanteraka amin' ny tolo-kevitry ny [[Fikambanana Maneran-Tany momba ny Fahasalamana|Fikambanana]] [[Fikambanana Maneran-Tany momba ny Fahasalamana|Maneran-Tany momba ny Fahasalamana]] (OMS) mikasika ny fampiroboroboana ny fitsaboana nentim-paharazana eo anivon' ny sehatry ny fahasalamana ny hetsika rehetra ataon' ny Jardins du Monde. == Asasoratra nataon' ny ekipa == Indreto ny asasoratra nataon' ny Jardins du Monde: * Jean-Baptiste Gallé, Allison Ledoux, Sophie Groeber, Jean-Pierre Nicolas 2014. ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Livret_PMSOM_Version_site.pdf Quelques plantes employées dans le Sud Ouest de Madagascar. Éditions Jardins du Monde]'' (PDF), Brasparts, 165 p. * Jean Pierre Nicolas, ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Plante-m%C3%A9dicinale-du-nord-de-madagascar.pdf Plantes médicinales du Nord de Madagascar]'' (PDF), * ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/1306-Kobaby-Histoires-illustrees-usage-des-plantes-medicinales-Madagascar.pdf Kobaby : histoires illustrées sur l’usage des plantes médicinales de Madagascar]'' (PDF), * ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Manuel-JdM-Antakarana-version-WEB.pdf Manuel d’utilisation des plantes médicinales du nord de Madagascar version Antakaraña]'' (PDF), * ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Manuel-Sante-Jardins-du-Monde-Version-web.pdf Manuel d’utilisation des plantes médicinales du nord de Madagascar version française]'' (PDF), * ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Formation-recolte-sechage-et-conditionnement-des-plantes-medicinales-version-web.pdf Livret  récolte séchage et conditionnement des plantes médicinales – version malgache]'' (PDF), * ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/2025-HT-diabete-MST.pdf Livret  Hypertension, Diabète et MST – version malgache]'' (PDF), * ''[https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Fiche-dinformation-sur-les-dangers-du-Khat.pdf Fiche d’information sur les dangers du Khat]'' (PDF), * Medicos del mundo España, 2002. ''Plantas medicinales y comadronas : manual para el personal de salud.'' Guatemala, Ixiim Uleew, 52 p. * Veterinarios sin fronteras España, 2003. ''Manual de capaticitación para promotores/as pecuarios/as en producción animal sostenible – Tercer curso : enfermedades y plantas medicinales.'' 48 p. * Veterinarios sin fronteras – España, 2004. ''Etnoveterinaria en Guatemala y sus orígenes – Recuperación y promoción de alternativas tradicionales indígenas de producción pecuaria para un desarrollo sostenible.'' 220 p. * Sophie Groeber, Nina Joé Maka, Jean-Pierre Nicolas et al., 2013. ''Kobaby - Histoires illustrées sur l’usage des plantes médicinales à Madagascar.'' Éditions Jardins du Monde, Brasparts, 48 p. == Rohy ivelany == * Tranonkala ôfisily: https://www.jardinsdumonde.org/ == Jereo koa == * ''[[WikiPhyto]]'' * ''[[Wikispecies]]'' * [[Etnôbôtanika]] * [[Etnôbiôlôjia]] * [[Etnôfarmakôlôjia]] * [[Bôtanika]] d6bbikx0mo9g8ly2a5g6jhef7ln6aky 0 297492 1152026 1128058 2026-10-17T11:17:38Z Thelezifor 15140 Vondron-karazana hita eto Madagasikara 1152026 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Scrophularia nodosa8.jpg|vignette|398x398px|''Scrophularia nodosa'']] Ny '''''Scrophulariaceae''''' dia fianakavian-javamaniry [[roa ravin-tsimoka]] manana voniny tsy misaraka [[felambony]]. ao amin' ny filaharana [[Lamiales]]. [[zavamaniry ahitra|Ahitra]] maniry isan-taona na maharitra roa taona, na [[hazobotry]], manana voniny tsy manara-dalàna, miparitaka manerana izao tontolo izao, ny karazana ao aminy. Matetika dia miendrika molotra biby na miendrika tarehy ny voniny. Hita any amin' ny faritra manana toetany antonony sy eny amin' ny tendrombohitry ny faritra trôpikaly ny ankamaroan' ny karazana ao aminy. == Sistematika == === Fanasokajiana klasika === [[Sary:Leucophyllum frutescens (Purple Sage) W2 IMG 1125.jpg|vignette|''Leucophyllum frutescens'']] Ao amin' ny [[Fanasokajiana Klasika|fanasokajiana klasika]], ity fianakaviana ity dia misy karazana 3&nbsp;000 eo ho eo mitsinjara amin' ny vondron-karazana 280 ary izy no lehibe indrindra ao amin' ny lamina [[Scrophulariales]]. Tany aloha dia napetraka tao amin' ny filaharana [[Lamiales]] ity fianakaviana ity. === Fanasokajiana filôjenetika === [[Sary:FHG776.jpg|vignette|''Verbascum'' sp.]] Ny fandalinana filôjenetika dia nitarika ho amin' ny fametrahana ny vondron-karazana maro ho ao amin' ny fianakaviana hafa: ny ''Scrophulariaceae'' dia tsy manana afa-tsy vondron-karazana 60 ao amin' ny [[fanasokajiana APG]], anisan' izany ny ''Verbascum'' sy ny ''Scrophularia'' ary ny ''Buddleja''. Ny [[fanasokajiana APG IV]] dia ahitana karazana miisa 1&nbsp;830 mitsinjara amin' ny vondron-karazana 62. Nanomboka tamin' ny [[Fanasokajiana APG II|fanasikajiana APG II]] dia napetraka ao amin' ny fioanakaviana ''[[Plantaginaceae]]'' ireto vondron-karazana manaraka ireto: ny ''Linaria'' (sy vondron-karazana manakaiky azy hafa), ny ''Antirrhinum'', ny ''Digitalis'', ny ''Veronica'', ny ''Anarrhinum'', ny ''Asarina'' ary ny ''Sibthorpia''. Napetraka ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Orobanchaceae]]'' ny ''Lathraea'', ny ''Melampyrum'', ny ''Euphrasia'', ny ''Pedicularis'', ny ''Rhinanthus'', ny ''Bartsia'', ny ''Parentucellia'' ary ny ''Odontites''. == Lisitry ny vondron-karazana == Ahitana vondron-karazana 62 sy karazana 1&nbsp;830 eo ho eo no fantatra ny fianakaviana ''Scrophulariaceae'' araka [[fanasokajiana APG IV]] (2016). Tamin' ny Mey 2024, ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' dia nanaiky vondron-karazana 58. * ''Alonsoa'' Ruiz & Pav. * ''Ameroglossum'' Eb.Fisch., S.Vogel & A.V.Lopes * ''[[Androya]]'' H.Perrier * ''Antherothamnus'' N.E.Br. * ''Anticharis'' Endl. * ''Aptosimum'' Burch. ex Benth. * ''Barthlottia'' Eb.Fisch. * ''Bontia'' L. * ''Buddleja'' L. * ''Calamphoreus'' Chinnock (= ''Eremophila'') * ''Camptoloma'' Benth. * ''Capraria'' L. * ''Chaenostoma'' Benth. (indraindray tafiditra ao ny ''Sutera'' nefa nosarahin' i Kornhall sy i Bremer) * ''Chamaecrypta'' Schltr. & Diels * ''Chenopodiopsis'' Hilliard * ''Colpias'' E.Mey. ex Benth. * ''Cromidon'' Compton * ''Dermatobotrys'' Bolus * ''Diascia'' Link & Otto * ''Diclis'' Benth. * ''Diocirea'' Chinnock (= ''Eremophila'') * ''Dischisma'' Choisy * ''Dolichostemon'' Bonati * ''Eremogeton'' Standl. & L.O.Williams * ''Eremophila'' R.Br. * ''Freylinia'' Colla * ''Glekia'' Hilliard * ''Globulariopsis'' Compton * ''Glumicalyx'' Hiern * ''Glycocystis'' Chinnock * ''Gomphostigma'' Turcz. * ''Gosela'' Choisy * ''Hebenstretia'' L * ''Hemimeris'' L.f. * ''Jamesbrittenia'' Kuntze[15] * ''Leucophyllum'' Humb. & Bonpl. * ''Limosella'' L.[16] * ''Lyperia'' Benth. * ''Manulea'' L. * ''Manuleopsis'' Thell. ex Schinz * ''Melanospermum'' Hilliard * ''Microdon'' Choisy * ''Myoporum'' Sol. ex G.Forst. * ''Nathaliella'' B.Fedtsch. * ''Nemesia'' Vent. * ''Oftia'' Adans. * ''Peliostomum'' E.Mey. ex Benth. * ''Phygelius'' E.Mey. ex Benth. * ''Phyllopodium'' Benth. * ''Polycarena'' Benth. * ''Ranopisoa'' J.F.Leroy * ''Rhabdotosperma'' Hartl (= ''Verbascum'') * ''Scrophularia'' L. * × ''Scrophulari-verbascum'' P.Fourn. * ''Selago'' L. * ''Strobilopsis'' Hilliard & B.L.Burtt * ''Sutera'' Roth * ''Teedia'' Rudolphi * ''Tetraselago'' Junell * ''Trieenea'' Hilliard * ''Verbascum'' L. * ''Zaluzianskya'' F.W.Schmidt === Vondron-karazana nesorina === Ireto vondron-karazana manaraka ireto, miisa mihoatra ny 70, izay tao amin' ny ''Scrophulariaceae'', dia nafindra any amin' ny fianakaviana hafa: * ''Acanthorrhinum'' <small>Rothm.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Agalinis'' <small>Raf.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Angelonia'' <small>Humb. & Bonpl.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Antirrhinum'' <small>L.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Asarina'' <small>Mill.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Bacopa'' <small>Aubl.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Bartsia'' <small>L.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Basistemon'' <small>Turcz.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Besseya'' <small>Rydb.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Calceolaria'' <small>L.</small> → Calceolariaceae * ''Castilleja'' <small>Mutis ex L.f.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Chaenorhinum'' <small>(DC.) Rchb.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Chelone'' <small>L.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Chionophila'' <small>Benth.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Collinsia'' <small>Nutt.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Cordylanthus'' <small>Nutt. ex Benth.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Craterostigma'' <small>Hochst.</small> → Linderniaceae or as part of ''Lindernia'' * ''Cymbalaria'' → Plantaginaceae * ''Dasistoma'' <small>Raf.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Digitalis'' <small>L.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Dopatrium'' <small>Buch.-Ham. ex Benth.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Epixiphium'' <small>(Engelm. ex A.Gray) Munz</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Euphrasia'' <small>L.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Galvezia'' <small>Dombey ex Juss.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Gambelia'' <small>Nutt.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Glossostigma'' <small>Wight & Arn.</small> → Phrymaceae * ''Gratiola'' <small>L.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Hebe'' <small>Comm. ex Juss.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Holmgrenanthe'' <small>Elisens</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Howelliella'' <small>Rothm.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Keckiella'' <small>Straw</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Kickxia'' <small>Dumort.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Lagotis'' <small>Gaertn.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Leucosalpa'' <small>Scott Elliot</small> → Orobranchaceae * ''Limnophila'' <small>R.Br.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Linaria'' <small>Mill.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Lindernia'' <small>All.</small> → Linderniaceae * ''Lophospermum'' <small>D.Don</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Mabrya'' <small>Elisens</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Maurandella'' <small>(A.Gray) Rothm.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Maurandya'' <small>Ortega</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Mazus'' <small>Lour.</small> → Mazaceae * ''Mecardonia'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Melampyrum'' <small>L.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Micranthemum'' <small>Michx.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Mimulus'' <small>L.</small> → Phrymaceae * ''Misopates'' <small>Raf.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Mohavea'' <small>A.Gray</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Neogaerrhinum'' <small>Rothm.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Nothochelone'' <small>(A.Gray) Straw</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Nuttallanthus'' <small>D.A.Sutton</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Odontites'' <small>Ludw.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Orobanche'' <small>L.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Orthocarpus'' <small>Nutt.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Parentucellia'' <small>Viv.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Paulownia'' <small>Siebold & Zucc.</small> → Paulowniaceae * ''Pedicularis'' <small>L.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Peltanthera'' <small>Benth.</small> → Gesneriaceae (or Peltantheraceae) * ''Penstemon'' <small>Schmidel</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Pseudorontium'' <small>(A.Gray) Rothm.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Rhinanthus'' <small>L.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Russelia'' <small>Jacq.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Sairocarpus'' <small>D.A.Sutton</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Sanango'' <small>G.S.Bunting & Duke</small> → Gesneriaceae * ''Schistophragma'' <small>Benth. ex Endl.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Scoparia'' <small>L.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Stemodia'' <small>L.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Striga'' <small>Lour.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Synthyris'' <small>Benth.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Tonella'' <small>Nutt. ex A.Gray</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Torenia'' <small>L.</small> → Linderniaceae * ''Tozzia'' <small>L.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Triphysaria'' <small>Fisch. & C.A.Mey.</small> → Orobanchaceae * ''Veronica'' <small>L.</small> → Plantaginaceae * ''Veronicastrum'' <small>Heist. ex Fabr.</small> → Plantaginaceae === Vondron-karazana hita eto Madagasikara === Telo fotsiny ny vondron-karazana ao amin' ny ''Scrophulariaceae'' hita eto [[Madagasikara]]: * ''[[Androya]]'' <small>H.Perrier</small> (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''[[Androya decaryi]]'') * ''[[Buddleja]]'' <small>Houst. ex L.</small> (anisany ireto: ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'', ''[[Buddleja fusca]]'', ''[[Buddleja indica]]'' ary ''[[Buddleja acuminata|Buddleja]]'' ''[[Buddleja acuminata|acuminata]]'') * ''[[Isaloa]]'' * ''[[Ranopisoa]]'' <small>J.-F.Leroy</small> (tsy ahitana afa-tsy ny ''[[Ranopisoa rakotosonii]]'') * ''[[Selago]]'' == Jereo koa == * ''[[Calceolariaceae]]'' * ''[[Gesneriaceae]]'' * ''[[Linderniaceae]]'' * ''[[Mazaceae]]'' * ''[[Orobanchaceae]]'' * ''[[Paulowniaceae]]'' * ''[[Phrymaceae]]'' * ''[[Plantaginaceae]]'' cyjv0gefpg92rb4ix2lsanesp2u3hg0 4 298715 1151993 1151986 2026-10-16T16:00:10Z JianJi 36396 1151993 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Androany [[19 Oktobra|19 oktobra]]''': [[File:Jerzy Popieluszko.jpg|thumb|Jerzy Popiełuszko, sary naverina natao pirinty ary namidy ho fahatsiarovana talohan'ny taona 1990]] * '''[[1469]]''' - Nivady i [[Ferdinand II an'i Aragon|Ferdinand II]], Printsy Mpandova an'i Aragon, sy i [[Isabella I an'i Kastila|Isabella I]], Printsesin'i Kastila — mariazy nametraka ny fototra naha-iray an'i [[Espaina]] taty aoriana. * '''[[1950]]''' - Niampita ny "zanapehitany faha-38" ny tafiky ny [[Firenena Mikambana]] notarihan'i [[Etazonia]] ary naka an'i [[Pyongyang]], renivohitr'i [[Kôrea Avaratra|Korea Avaratra]]; tamin'io andro io ihany, naka an'i [[Qamdo]] any [[Tibet]] ny [[Repoblika Entim-Bahoakan' i Sina|Repoblika Entim-bahoakan'i Shina]], sady nandefa ny Tafika An-tsitrapo Shinoa hanohana an'i Korea Avaratra. * '''[[1984]]''' - Fakana an-keriny, fampijaliana ary famonoan'ny sampam-pitsikilovana pôlôney komonista ny pretra [[Jerzy Popiełuszko]] (sary). * '''[[1987]]''' - Nitontongana tampoka ny tsenambola tao Wall Street. gkre1ohxo68jtjsp732f061ck4z9hph 0 301227 1152019 1151609 2026-10-17T09:58:40Z Thelezifor 15140 1152019 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:B. officinalis-flor-1.JPG|vignette|''Borago officinalis'']] Ny '''''Boraginaceae''''' dia fianakavian-javamaniry mamony roa ravin-tsimoka ao amin' ny filaharana [[Boraginales]]. Manana famaritana roa samy hafa hatramin' ny Desambra 2025 ity fianakviana ity. Ao amin' ny famaritana tery kokoa ([[Fanasokajiana APG IV|APG IV]] 2016) dia iray amin' ny fianakaviana 11 ao amin' ny filaharana Boraginales (''Boraginaceae'', ''[[Codonaceae]]'', ''[[Coldeniaceae]]'', ''[[Cordiaceae]]'', ''[[Ehretiaceae]]'', ''[[Heliotropiaceae]]'', ''[[Hoplestigmataceae]]'', ''[[Hydrophyllaceae]]'', ''[[Lennoaceae]]'', ''[[Namaceae]]'', ary ''[[Wellstediaceae]]'') ny ''Boraginaceae'' ary misy antokon-javamaniry 90 hatramin' ny 120 eo ho eo. Ny ''[[Boraginales Working Group]]'' no namolavola ity fomba fiasa ity. Ao amin' ny famaritana tranainy kokoa sy mivelatra kokoa dia ny ''Boraginaceae'' no hany fianakaviana ao amin' ny filharana Boraginales, ary misy antoko 155 eo ho eo. Taloha koa ity fianakaviana ity dia napetraka tao amin' ny filaharana [[Lamiales]]. == Lisitry ny antokon-javamaniry == Tamin' ny Desambra 2025 dia napiditra antokon-javamaniry somary hafa ny loharano nampiasa famaritana tery momba ny ''Boraginaceae''. Noheverin' ny loharano hafa ho mitovy dika ny antoko sasany neken' ny loharano iray, ka nahatonga ny isan' ny antoko ho kely kokoa. Nanaiky antoko 120 eo ho eo ao amin' ny ''Boraginaceae'' araka ny famaritana tery ny ''[[World Flora Online]]''. * ''Actinocarya'' <small>Benth.</small> * ''Adelinia'' <small>J.I.Cohen</small> * ''Adelocaryum'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Aegonychon'' <small>Gray</small> * ''Afrotysonia'' <small>Rauschert</small> * ''Ailuroglossum'' <small>Sutorý</small> * ''Alkanna'' <small>Tausch</small> * ''Amblynotus'' <small>(A.DC.) I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Amphibologyne'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Amsinckia'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Amsinckiopsis'' <small>(I.M.Johnst.) Guilliams, Hasenstab & B.G.Baldwin</small> * ''Anchusa'' <small>L.</small>, tafiditra ao ny ''Hormuzakia'' <small>Guşul</small>. sy ny ''Phyllocara'' <small>Guşul</small>., eken' ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' * ''Ancistrocarya'' <small>Maxim.</small> * ''Andersonglossum'' <small>J.I.Cohen</small> * ''Anoplocaryum'' <small>Ledeb.</small> * ''Antiotrema'' <small>Hand.-Mazz.</small> * ''Antiphytum'' <small>DC. ex Meisn.</small> * ''Arnebia'' <small>Forssk.</small>, tafiditra ao ny ''Huynhia'' <small>Greuter</small>, eken' ny ''Plants of the World Online'' * ''Asperugo'' <small>L.</small> * ''Borago'' <small>L.</small> * ''Bothriospermum'' <small>Bunge</small> * ''Brachybotrys'' <small>Maxim. ex Oliv.</small> * ''Brandella'' <small>R.R.Mill</small> * ''Brunnera'' <small>Steven</small> * ''Buglossoides'' <small>Moench</small> * ''Caccinia'' <small>Savi</small> * ''Cerinthe'' <small>L.</small> * ''Chionocharis'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Choriantha'' <small>Riedl</small> * ''Craniospermum'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Crucicaryum'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Cryptantha'' <small>Lehm. ex G.Don</small> * ''Cynoglossopsis'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Cynoglossum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Cynoglottis'' <small>(Gușul.) Vural & Kit Tan</small> * ''Cystostemon'' <small>Balf.f.</small> * ''Dasynotus'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Decalepidanthus'' <small>Riedl</small> * ''Echiochilon'' <small>Desf.</small> * ''Echiostachys'' <small>Levyns</small> * ''Echium'' <small>L.</small>, tafiditra ao ny ''Megacaryon'' <small>Boiss</small>., eken' ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' * ''Embadium'' <small>J.M.Black</small> * ''Eremocarya'' <small>Greene</small> * ''Eritrichium'' <small>Schrad. ex Gaudin</small> * ''Gastrocotyle'' <small>Bunge</small> * ''Glandora'' <small>D.C.Thomas, Weigend & Hilger</small> * ''Greeneocharis'' <small>Gürke & Harms</small> * ''Gyrocaryum'' <small>Valdés</small> * ''Hackelia'' <small>Opiz</small> * ''Halacsya'' <small>Dörfl.</small> * ''Harpagonella'' <small>A.Gray</small> * ''Heliocarya'' <small>Bunge</small> * ''Heterocaryum'' <small>A.DC.</small> * ''Iberodes'' <small>M.Serrano, R.Carbajal & S.Ortiz</small> * ''Ivanjohnstonia'' <small>Kazmi</small> * ''Johnstonella'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Lappula'' <small>Moench</small> * ''Lasiocaryum'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Lepechiniella'' <small>Popov</small> * ''Lindelofia'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Lithodora'' <small>Griseb.</small> * ''Lithospermum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Lobostemon'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Maharanga'' <small>DC.</small> * ''Mairetis'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Mattiastrum'' <small>(Boiss.) Brand</small> * ''Melanortocarya'' <small>Selvi, Bigazzi, Hilger & Papini</small> * ''Memoremea'' <small>A.Otero, Jim.Mejías, Valcárcel & P.Vargas</small> * ''Mertensia'' <small>Roth</small> * ''Microcaryum'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Microparacaryum'' <small>(Popov ex Riedl) Hilger & Podlech</small> * ''Microula'' <small>Benth.</small> * ''Mimophytum'' <small>Greenm.</small> * ''Moltkia'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Moltkiopsis'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Myosotidium'' <small>Hook.</small> * ''[[Myosotis]]'' <small>L.</small> * ''Myriopus'' <small>Small</small> * ''Neatostema'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Nesocaryum'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Nihon'' <small>A.Otero, Jim.Mejías, Valcárcel & P.Vargas</small> * ''Nogalia'' <small>Verdc.</small> * ''Nonea'' <small>Medik.</small> * ''Ogastemma'' <small>Brummitt</small> * ''Omphalodes'' <small>Mill.</small> * ''Omphalolappula'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Omphalotrigonotis'' <small>W.T.Wang</small> * ''Oncaglossum'' <small>Sutorý</small> * ''Onosma'' <small>L.</small> * ''Oreocarya'' <small>Greene</small> * ''Paracaryum'' <small>Boiss.</small> * ''Paramoltkia'' <small>Greuter</small> * ''Pardoglossum'' <small>Barbier & Mathez</small> * ''Pectocarya'' <small>DC. ex Meisn.</small> * ''Pentaglottis'' <small>Tausch</small> * ''Plagiobothrys'' <small>Fisch. & C.A.Mey.</small> * ''Podonosma'' <small>Boiss.</small> * ''Pontechium'' <small>Böhle & Hilger</small> * ''Pseudoheterocaryum'' <small>Kaz.Osaloo & Saadati</small> * ''Pseudolappula'' Khoshsokhan & Kaz.Osaloo * ''Pulmonaria'' <small>L.</small> * ''Rindera'' <small>Pall.</small> * ''Rochelia'' <small>Rchb.</small> * ''Rotula'' <small>Lour.</small> * ''Sauria'' <small>Bajtenov</small> * ''Selkirkia'' <small>Hemsl.</small> * ''Simpsonanthus'' <small>Guilliams, Hasenstab & B.G.Baldwin</small> * ''Sinojohnstonia'' <small>Hu</small> * ''Solenanthus'' <small>Ledeb.</small> * ''Stenosolenium'' <small>Turcz.</small> * ''Stephanocaryum'' <small>Popov</small> * ''Suchtelenia'' <small>Kar. ex Meisn.</small> * ''Symphytum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Thaumatocaryon'' <small>Baill.</small>, tafiditra ao ny ''Moritzia'' <small>DC. ex Meisn</small>., eken' ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' * ''Thyrocarpus'' <small>Hance</small> * ''Tianschaniella'' <small>B.Fedtsch. ex Popov</small> * ''Tournefortia'' <small>L.</small> * ''Trachelanthus'' <small>Kunze</small> * ''Trachystemon'' <small>D.Don</small> * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' <small>R.Br.</small> * ''Trigonocaryum'' <small>Trautv.</small> * ''Trigonotis'' <small>Steven</small> === Antoko nafindra fianakaviana === Tamin' ny Desambra 2025 dia ireto ny antoko napetraka tao amin' ny ''Boraginaceae'' amin' ny famaritana malalaka nataon' ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'', nefa napetraka ao amin' ny fianakaviana hafa araka ny loharano mampiasa ny fanasokajiana ''[[Boraginales Working Group]]'': * ''[[Codonaceae]]'' ** ''Codon'' L. * ''[[Coldeniaceae]]'' ** ''Coldenia'' L. * ''[[Cordiaceae]]'' ** ''[[Cordia]]'' L. ** ''[[Varronia]]'' P.Browne * ''[[Ehretiaceae]]'' ** ''Bourreria'' P.Browne ** ''Ehretia'' P.Browne ** ''Halgania'' Gaudich. ** ''Keraunea'' Cheek & Sim.-Bianch. ** ''Lepidocordia'' Ducke ** ''Rochefortia'' Sw. ** ''Tiquilia'' Pers. * ''[[Heliotropiaceae]]'' ** ''Euploca'' Nutt. ** ''Heliotropium'' Tourn. ex L. ** ''Ixorhea'' Fenzl * ''[[Hoplestigmataceae]]'' ** ''Hoplestigma'' Pierre * ''[[Hydrophyllaceae]]'' ** ''Draperia'' Torr. ** ''Ellisia'' L. ** ''Emmenanthe'' Benth. ** ''Eucrypta'' Nutt. ** ''Hesperochiron'' S.Watson ** ''Hydrophyllum'' L. ** ''Nemophila'' Nutt. ex W.P.C.Barton ** ''Phacelia'' Juss. ** ''Pholistoma'' Lilja ** ''Romanzoffia'' Cham. ** ''Tricardia'' Torr. ex S.Watson * ''[[Lennoaceae]]'' ** ''Lennoa'' Lex. ** ''Pholisma'' Nutt. ex Hook. * ''[[Namaceae]]'' ** ''Eriodictyon'' Benth. ** ''Nama'' L. ** ''Wigandia'' Kunth * ''[[Wellstediaceae]]'' ** ''Wellstedia'' Novák === Antoko misy eto Madagasikara === Eto Madagasikara dia misy antoko vitsivitsy tao amin' ny fianakavana ''Boraginaceae'' araka ny famaritana malalaka nefa tsy misy afa-tsy roa sisa araka ny famaritana tery: * ''[[Bourreria]]'' (''[[Ehretiaceae]]'') * ''[[Cordia]]'' (''[[Cordiaceae]]'') * ''[[Cynoglossum]]'' (''Boraginaceae'') * ''[[Ehretia]]'' (''[[Ehretiaceae]]'') * ''[[Heliotropium]]'' (''[[Heliotropiaceae]]'') * ''[[Tournefortia]]'' (''[[Heliotropiaceae]]'') * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' (''Boraginaceae'') == Jereo koa == * [[Boraginales]] == Loharano == m33ihiz5nql07h8vd8ork9btxrujt2k 1152021 1152019 2026-10-17T10:29:36Z Thelezifor 15140 1152021 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:B. officinalis-flor-1.JPG|vignette|''Borago officinalis'']] Ny '''''Boraginaceae''''' dia fianakavian-[[Angiospermae|javamaniry mamony]] [[roa ravin-tsimoka]] ao amin' ny filaharana [[Boraginales]]. Manana famaritana roa samy hafa hatramin' ny Desambra 2025 ity fianakaviana ity. Ao amin' ny famaritana tery kokoa ([[Fanasokajiana APG IV|APG IV]] 2016) dia iray amin' ny fianakaviana 11 ao amin' ny filaharana Boraginales (''Boraginaceae'', ''[[Codonaceae]]'', ''[[Coldeniaceae]]'', ''[[Cordiaceae]]'', ''[[Ehretiaceae]]'', ''[[Heliotropiaceae]]'', ''[[Hoplestigmataceae]]'', ''[[Hydrophyllaceae]]'', ''[[Lennoaceae]]'', ''[[Namaceae]]'', ary ''[[Wellstediaceae]]'') ny ''Boraginaceae'' ary misy antokon-javamaniry 90 hatramin' ny 120 eo ho eo. Ny ''[[Boraginales Working Group]]'' no namolavola ity fomba fiasa ity. Ao amin' ny famaritana tranainy kokoa sy mivelatra kokoa dia ny ''Boraginaceae'' no hany fianakaviana ao amin' ny filaharana Boraginales, ary misy antoko 155 eo ho eo. Taloha koa ity fianakaviana ity dia napetraka tao amin' ny filaharana [[Lamiales]]. == Lisitry ny antokon-javamaniry == Tamin' ny Desambra 2025 dia napiditra antokon-javamaniry somary hafa ny loharano nampiasa famaritana tery momba ny ''Boraginaceae''. Noheverin' ny loharano hafa ho mitovy dika ny antoko sasany neken' ny loharano iray, ka nahatonga ny isan' ny antoko ho kely kokoa. Nanaiky antoko 120 eo ho eo ao amin' ny ''Boraginaceae'' araka ny famaritana tery ny ''[[World Flora Online]]''. * ''Actinocarya'' <small>Benth.</small> * ''Adelinia'' <small>J.I.Cohen</small> * ''Adelocaryum'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Aegonychon'' <small>Gray</small> * ''Afrotysonia'' <small>Rauschert</small> * ''Ailuroglossum'' <small>Sutorý</small> * ''Alkanna'' <small>Tausch</small> * ''Amblynotus'' <small>(A.DC.) I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Amphibologyne'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Amsinckia'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Amsinckiopsis'' <small>(I.M.Johnst.) Guilliams, Hasenstab & B.G.Baldwin</small> * ''Anchusa'' <small>L.</small>, tafiditra ao ny ''Hormuzakia'' <small>Guşul</small>. sy ny ''Phyllocara'' <small>Guşul</small>., eken' ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' * ''Ancistrocarya'' <small>Maxim.</small> * ''Andersonglossum'' <small>J.I.Cohen</small> * ''Anoplocaryum'' <small>Ledeb.</small> * ''Antiotrema'' <small>Hand.-Mazz.</small> * ''Antiphytum'' <small>DC. ex Meisn.</small> * ''Arnebia'' <small>Forssk.</small>, tafiditra ao ny ''Huynhia'' <small>Greuter</small>, eken' ny ''Plants of the World Online'' * ''Asperugo'' <small>L.</small> * ''Borago'' <small>L.</small> * ''Bothriospermum'' <small>Bunge</small> * ''Brachybotrys'' <small>Maxim. ex Oliv.</small> * ''Brandella'' <small>R.R.Mill</small> * ''Brunnera'' <small>Steven</small> * ''Buglossoides'' <small>Moench</small> * ''Caccinia'' <small>Savi</small> * ''Cerinthe'' <small>L.</small> * ''Chionocharis'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Choriantha'' <small>Riedl</small> * ''Craniospermum'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Crucicaryum'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Cryptantha'' <small>Lehm. ex G.Don</small> * ''Cynoglossopsis'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Cynoglossum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Cynoglottis'' <small>(Gușul.) Vural & Kit Tan</small> * ''Cystostemon'' <small>Balf.f.</small> * ''Dasynotus'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Decalepidanthus'' <small>Riedl</small> * ''Echiochilon'' <small>Desf.</small> * ''Echiostachys'' <small>Levyns</small> * ''Echium'' <small>L.</small>, tafiditra ao ny ''Megacaryon'' <small>Boiss</small>., eken' ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' * ''Embadium'' <small>J.M.Black</small> * ''Eremocarya'' <small>Greene</small> * ''Eritrichium'' <small>Schrad. ex Gaudin</small> * ''Gastrocotyle'' <small>Bunge</small> * ''Glandora'' <small>D.C.Thomas, Weigend & Hilger</small> * ''Greeneocharis'' <small>Gürke & Harms</small> * ''Gyrocaryum'' <small>Valdés</small> * ''Hackelia'' <small>Opiz</small> * ''Halacsya'' <small>Dörfl.</small> * ''Harpagonella'' <small>A.Gray</small> * ''Heliocarya'' <small>Bunge</small> * ''Heterocaryum'' <small>A.DC.</small> * ''Iberodes'' <small>M.Serrano, R.Carbajal & S.Ortiz</small> * ''Ivanjohnstonia'' <small>Kazmi</small> * ''Johnstonella'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Lappula'' <small>Moench</small> * ''Lasiocaryum'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Lepechiniella'' <small>Popov</small> * ''Lindelofia'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Lithodora'' <small>Griseb.</small> * ''Lithospermum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Lobostemon'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Maharanga'' <small>DC.</small> * ''Mairetis'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Mattiastrum'' <small>(Boiss.) Brand</small> * ''Melanortocarya'' <small>Selvi, Bigazzi, Hilger & Papini</small> * ''Memoremea'' <small>A.Otero, Jim.Mejías, Valcárcel & P.Vargas</small> * ''Mertensia'' <small>Roth</small> * ''Microcaryum'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Microparacaryum'' <small>(Popov ex Riedl) Hilger & Podlech</small> * ''Microula'' <small>Benth.</small> * ''Mimophytum'' <small>Greenm.</small> * ''Moltkia'' <small>Lehm.</small> * ''Moltkiopsis'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Myosotidium'' <small>Hook.</small> * ''[[Myosotis]]'' <small>L.</small> * ''Myriopus'' <small>Small</small> * ''Neatostema'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Nesocaryum'' <small>I.M.Johnst.</small> * ''Nihon'' <small>A.Otero, Jim.Mejías, Valcárcel & P.Vargas</small> * ''Nogalia'' <small>Verdc.</small> * ''Nonea'' <small>Medik.</small> * ''Ogastemma'' <small>Brummitt</small> * ''Omphalodes'' <small>Mill.</small> * ''Omphalolappula'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Omphalotrigonotis'' <small>W.T.Wang</small> * ''Oncaglossum'' <small>Sutorý</small> * ''Onosma'' <small>L.</small> * ''Oreocarya'' <small>Greene</small> * ''Paracaryum'' <small>Boiss.</small> * ''Paramoltkia'' <small>Greuter</small> * ''Pardoglossum'' <small>Barbier & Mathez</small> * ''Pectocarya'' <small>DC. ex Meisn.</small> * ''Pentaglottis'' <small>Tausch</small> * ''Plagiobothrys'' <small>Fisch. & C.A.Mey.</small> * ''Podonosma'' <small>Boiss.</small> * ''Pontechium'' <small>Böhle & Hilger</small> * ''Pseudoheterocaryum'' <small>Kaz.Osaloo & Saadati</small> * ''Pseudolappula'' Khoshsokhan & Kaz.Osaloo * ''Pulmonaria'' <small>L.</small> * ''Rindera'' <small>Pall.</small> * ''Rochelia'' <small>Rchb.</small> * ''Rotula'' <small>Lour.</small> * ''Sauria'' <small>Bajtenov</small> * ''Selkirkia'' <small>Hemsl.</small> * ''Simpsonanthus'' <small>Guilliams, Hasenstab & B.G.Baldwin</small> * ''Sinojohnstonia'' <small>Hu</small> * ''Solenanthus'' <small>Ledeb.</small> * ''Stenosolenium'' <small>Turcz.</small> * ''Stephanocaryum'' <small>Popov</small> * ''Suchtelenia'' <small>Kar. ex Meisn.</small> * ''Symphytum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Thaumatocaryon'' <small>Baill.</small>, tafiditra ao ny ''Moritzia'' <small>DC. ex Meisn</small>., eken' ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' * ''Thyrocarpus'' <small>Hance</small> * ''Tianschaniella'' <small>B.Fedtsch. ex Popov</small> * ''Tournefortia'' <small>L.</small> * ''Trachelanthus'' <small>Kunze</small> * ''Trachystemon'' <small>D.Don</small> * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' <small>R.Br.</small> * ''Trigonocaryum'' <small>Trautv.</small> * ''Trigonotis'' <small>Steven</small> === Antoko nafindra fianakaviana === Tamin' ny Desambra 2025 dia ireto ny antoko napetraka tao amin' ny ''Boraginaceae'' amin' ny famaritana malalaka nataon' ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'', nefa napetraka ao amin' ny fianakaviana hafa araka ny loharano mampiasa ny fanasokajiana ''[[Boraginales Working Group]]'': * ''[[Codonaceae]]'' ** ''Codon'' L. * ''[[Coldeniaceae]]'' ** ''Coldenia'' L. * ''[[Cordiaceae]]'' ** ''[[Cordia]]'' L. ** ''[[Varronia]]'' P.Browne * ''[[Ehretiaceae]]'' ** ''Bourreria'' P.Browne ** ''Ehretia'' P.Browne ** ''Halgania'' Gaudich. ** ''Keraunea'' Cheek & Sim.-Bianch. ** ''Lepidocordia'' Ducke ** ''Rochefortia'' Sw. ** ''Tiquilia'' Pers. * ''[[Heliotropiaceae]]'' ** ''Euploca'' Nutt. ** ''Heliotropium'' Tourn. ex L. ** ''Ixorhea'' Fenzl * ''[[Hoplestigmataceae]]'' ** ''Hoplestigma'' Pierre * ''[[Hydrophyllaceae]]'' ** ''Draperia'' Torr. ** ''Ellisia'' L. ** ''Emmenanthe'' Benth. ** ''Eucrypta'' Nutt. ** ''Hesperochiron'' S.Watson ** ''Hydrophyllum'' L. ** ''Nemophila'' Nutt. ex W.P.C.Barton ** ''Phacelia'' Juss. ** ''Pholistoma'' Lilja ** ''Romanzoffia'' Cham. ** ''Tricardia'' Torr. ex S.Watson * ''[[Lennoaceae]]'' ** ''Lennoa'' Lex. ** ''Pholisma'' Nutt. ex Hook. * ''[[Namaceae]]'' ** ''Eriodictyon'' Benth. ** ''Nama'' L. ** ''Wigandia'' Kunth * ''[[Wellstediaceae]]'' ** ''Wellstedia'' Novák === Antoko misy eto Madagasikara === Eto Madagasikara dia misy antoko vitsivitsy tao amin' ny fianakavana ''Boraginaceae'' araka ny famaritana malalaka nefa tsy misy afa-tsy roa sisa araka ny famaritana tery: * ''[[Bourreria]]'' (''[[Ehretiaceae]]'') * ''[[Cordia]]'' (''[[Cordiaceae]]'') * ''[[Cynoglossum]]'' (''Boraginaceae'') * ''[[Ehretia]]'' (''[[Ehretiaceae]]'') * ''[[Heliotropium]]'' (''[[Heliotropiaceae]]'') * ''[[Tournefortia]]'' (''[[Heliotropiaceae]]'') * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' (''Boraginaceae'') == Jereo koa == * [[Boraginales]] == Loharano == ri0i57w0c7lotccqwhlqzk7851oxffh 0 302272 1151989 2026-10-16T14:21:19Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Aizoaceae 1151989 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Растения в Седово 109.JPG|vignette|354x354px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] Ny '''''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] mitahiry rano ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Aizoaceae]]''. Ahitra mandady sy maharitra taona maro izy io, izay mamokatra sampana maro mandady amin' ny tany, mipoitra avy amin' ny fototra iray, ka mamorona lafika toa karipetra. Midika hoe "voninkazo misy voa eo afovoany" ny anaran' ny vondron-karazana misy azy (''Mesembryanthemum''), izay mampahatsiahy ny toerana misy ny [[Fihary atodinaina (bôtanika)|fihary atodinaina]] ao amin' ny voniny. Avy amin' ny [[Fiteny latina|teny latina]] izay manambara fa manana ravina miendrika fo ilay zavamaniry ny mpamaritra anaran' ny karazana kosa (''cordifolium''). ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' <small>L.f.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno ary anisan' ny anarana nahafantarana azy taloha ny hoe ''Aptenia'' ''cordifolia''. == Anarana hafa == Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'': * ''Aptenia cordifolia'' <small>(L.f.) Schwantes</small> * ''Litocarpus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Ludolfia cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Tetracoilanthus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) Rappa & Cammarone</small> == Faritra aniriany == Teratany any amin' ny Faritanin' i [[Eastern Cape]] any [[Afrika Atsimo]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'', ary lasa fantatry ny maro amin' ny maha zavamaniry fanao haingon-tokontany na haingon-trano azy. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia hita any [[Aostralia]] izy io, ary efa niparitaka avy eny amin' ny zaridaina ka lasa maniry hoazy any amin' ny faritra sasany any [[California]] sy any [[Oregon]] ary any [[Florida]] (samy any [[Etazonia]]), sy any amin' ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|faritra]] [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|mediteraneana]]<nowiki/>n' i [[Eorôpa]], ary any afovoan' i [[Meksika]]. Vao haingana no voamarina fa [[zavamaniry manafika]] any California ity karazana ity, ka tafiditra ao anatin' ny lisitra misy fampitandremana hentitra momba ny zavamaniry manimba ny tontolo voajanahary. == Famariparitana == [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia 2019-12-13 6124.jpg|vignette|Ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] Ahitra maniry maharitra taona maro, manana taho mandady, be nofony, ary tsy dia ela velona ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Mamorona karipetra eo amin' ny tany izy rehefa ela. Maniry mandady avy amin' ny fotony iray izay lasa manana tsiraka hazo. Tsy mihoatra firy ny 10 sm ny haavony zavamaniry, saingy mety hahatratra 60 sm eo ho eo ny halavan' ny tahony mandady. Maitso ny tahony izay manana endrika varingarina. === Ravina === Ny ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' dia kely, be nofony, mifanatrika (mifanohitra), mibikan' atody na miendrika fo, mirefy 2,5 sm eo ho eo ny halavany, ary rakotra [[kibontsina]] (zavatra toa fivontosana kely madinika). === Vony === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia (6846900699).jpg|vignette|Vonin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] Misy voniny mitokantokana miloko mavokely madera ka hatramin' ny volomparasy mipoitra eo amin' ny fototry ny tangozan-dravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Misokatra mandritra ny andro ireo vony ireo nefa mikatona rehefa alina, ary mikatona ihany koa mandritra ny andro misy rahona. Ny singa miloko madera miendrika boribory dia tsy [[felambony]] fa [[lahimbony]] niova endrika izay tsy manatanteraka ny asany intsony. Miloko mavo kosa ny lahimbony mahazatra. Mamony indrindra manomboka amin' ny lohataona ka hatramin' ny fararano io zavamaniry io. === Voa === Karazana kapsiola mirefy somary mihoatra kely ny iray santimetatra ny voan' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' izay misy vihim-boa miloko volontany sady miendrika boribory kely mirefy eo amin' ny iray milimetatra eo ho eo. Misy ovan-karazany iray koa izay manana ravina misy loko mifangaro. == Fampiasana == === Haingo === Ny tena fampiasana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' io dia ho haingon-trano na haingon-tokontany. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Ny mponina any amin' ny faritra niaviany dia mampiasa azy noho ny toetrany mampihena fivontosana. Ahitana [[mesembrinina]] sy [[demetilmesembrenôla]] izay [[alkalôida]] miasa amin' ny fanakanana ny fiverenan' ny [[serôtôninina]] ao amin' ny [[sela]] sady mampirisika ny famoahana [[mônôaminina]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Tamin' ny fanadihadiana natao tamin' ny zavamaniry samihafa miisa 21, dia hita fa ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' no manana fatran' ny mesembrinina faharoa ambony indrindra. Ireo alkalôida ireo dia hita ao amin' ny ''[[Sceletium tortuosum]]'' ihany koa. Azo inoana fa ny mesembrinina no singa fototra ao amin' ny ''Sceletium tortuosum'' izay miasa maha fanafody manala fahaketrahana azy. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'' hu5vslbjf2gl21p0havmk3xin0egkv8 1151990 1151989 2026-10-16T14:30:02Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanampy sary 1151990 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Растения в Седово 109.JPG|vignette|354x354px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] Ny '''''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] mitahiry rano ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Aizoaceae]]''. Ahitra mandady sy maharitra taona maro izy io, izay mamokatra sampana maro mandady amin' ny tany, mipoitra avy amin' ny fototra iray, ka mamorona lafika toa karipetra. Midika hoe "voninkazo misy voa eo afovoany" ny anaran' ny vondron-karazana misy azy (''Mesembryanthemum''), izay mampahatsiahy ny toerana misy ny [[Fihary atodinaina (bôtanika)|fihary atodinaina]] ao amin' ny voniny. Avy amin' ny [[Fiteny latina|teny latina]] izay manambara fa manana ravina miendrika fo ilay zavamaniry ny mpamaritra anaran' ny karazana kosa (''cordifolium''). ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' <small>L.f.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno ary anisan' ny anarana nahafantarana azy taloha ny hoe ''Aptenia'' ''cordifolia''. == Anarana hafa == Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'': * ''Aptenia cordifolia'' <small>(L.f.) Schwantes</small> * ''Litocarpus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Ludolfia cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Tetracoilanthus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) Rappa & Cammarone</small> == Faritra aniriany == Teratany any amin' ny Faritanin' i [[Eastern Cape]] any [[Afrika Atsimo]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'', ary lasa fantatry ny maro amin' ny maha zavamaniry fanao haingon-tokontany na haingon-trano azy. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia hita any [[Aostralia]] izy io, ary efa niparitaka avy eny amin' ny zaridaina ka lasa maniry hoazy any amin' ny faritra sasany any [[California]] sy any [[Oregon]] ary any [[Florida]] (samy any [[Etazonia]]), sy any amin' ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|faritra]] [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|mediteraneana]]<nowiki/>n' i [[Eorôpa]], ary any afovoan' i [[Meksika]]. Vao haingana no voamarina fa [[zavamaniry manafika]] any California ity karazana ity, ka tafiditra ao anatin' ny lisitra misy fampitandremana hentitra momba ny zavamaniry manimba ny tontolo voajanahary. == Famariparitana == [[Sary:200410 Aptenia cordifolia.JPG|vignette|345x345px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' misanrahaka]] Ahitra maniry maharitra taona maro, manana taho mandady, be nofony, ary tsy dia ela velona ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Mamorona karipetra eo amin' ny tany izy rehefa ela. Maniry mandady avy amin' ny fotony iray izay lasa manana tsiraka hazo. Tsy mihoatra firy ny 10 sm ny haavony zavamaniry, saingy mety hahatratra 60 sm eo ho eo ny halavan' ny tahony mandady. Maitso ny tahony izay manana endrika varingarina. === Ravina === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia 2019-12-13 6124.jpg|vignette|Ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''|ankavia|212x212px]] Ny ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' dia kely, be nofony, mifanatrika (mifanohitra), mibikan' atody na miendrika fo, mirefy 2,5 sm eo ho eo ny halavany, ary rakotra [[kibontsina]] (zavatra toa fivontosana kely madinika). === Vony === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia (6846900699).jpg|vignette|Vonin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''|208x208px]] Misy voniny mitokantokana miloko mavokely madera ka hatramin' ny volomparasy mipoitra eo amin' ny fototry ny tangozan-dravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Misokatra mandritra ny andro ireo vony ireo nefa mikatona rehefa alina, ary mikatona ihany koa mandritra ny andro misy rahona. Ny singa miloko madera miendrika boribory dia tsy [[felambony]] fa [[lahimbony]] niova endrika izay tsy manatanteraka ny asany intsony. Miloko mavo kosa ny lahimbony mahazatra. Mamony indrindra manomboka amin' ny lohataona ka hatramin' ny fararano io zavamaniry io. === Voa === Karazana kapsiola mirefy somary mihoatra kely ny iray santimetatra ny voan' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' izay misy vihim-boa miloko volontany sady miendrika boribory kely mirefy eo amin' ny iray milimetatra eo ho eo. Misy ovan-karazany iray koa izay manana ravina misy loko mifangaro. == Fampiasana == === Haingo === Ny tena fampiasana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' io dia ho haingon-trano na haingon-tokontany. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Ny mponina any amin' ny faritra niaviany dia mampiasa azy noho ny toetrany mampihena fivontosana. Ahitana [[mesembrinina]] sy [[demetilmesembrenôla]] izay [[alkalôida]] miasa amin' ny fanakanana ny fiverenan' ny [[serôtôninina]] ao amin' ny [[sela]] sady mampirisika ny famoahana [[mônôaminina]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Tamin' ny fanadihadiana natao tamin' ny zavamaniry samihafa miisa 21, dia hita fa ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' no manana fatran' ny mesembrinina faharoa ambony indrindra. Ireo alkalôida ireo dia hita ao amin' ny ''[[Sceletium tortuosum]]'' ihany koa. Azo inoana fa ny mesembrinina no singa fototra ao amin' ny ''Sceletium tortuosum'' izay miasa maha fanafody manala fahaketrahana azy. === Sakafo === Azo hanina manta ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Mampahatsiahy ny tsiron' ny anamatavy na kalabotretra (''[[Portulaca oleracea]]'') ny tsirony. Noho ny tsirony sy ny endriny dia zavamaniry maro mpitia eo amin' ny fandrahoan-tsakafo izy io. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'' d3umhnkmqox82khyx7hy8twsn02idhm 1151991 1151990 2026-10-16T14:32:03Z Thelezifor 15140 Rohy anatiny 1151991 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Растения в Седово 109.JPG|vignette|354x354px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] Ny '''''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] mitahiry rano ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Aizoaceae]]''. Ahitra mandady sy maharitra taona maro izy io, izay mamokatra sampana maro mandady amin' ny tany, mipoitra avy amin' ny fototra iray, ka mamorona lafika toa karipetra. Midika hoe "voninkazo misy voa eo afovoany" ny anaran' ny vondron-karazana misy azy (''Mesembryanthemum''), izay mampahatsiahy ny toerana misy ny [[Fihary atodinaina (bôtanika)|fihary atodinaina]] ao amin' ny voniny. Avy amin' ny [[Fiteny latina|teny latina]] izay manambara fa manana ravina miendrika fo ilay zavamaniry ny mpamaritra anaran' ny karazana kosa (''cordifolium''). ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' <small>L.f.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno ary anisan' ny anarana nahafantarana azy taloha ny hoe ''Aptenia'' ''cordifolia''. == Anarana hafa == Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'': * ''Aptenia cordifolia'' <small>(L.f.) Schwantes</small> * ''Litocarpus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Ludolfia cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Tetracoilanthus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) Rappa & Cammarone</small> == Faritra aniriany == Teratany any amin' ny Faritanin' i [[Eastern Cape]] any [[Afrika Atsimo]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'', ary lasa fantatry ny maro amin' ny maha zavamaniry fanao haingon-tokontany na haingon-trano azy. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia hita any [[Aostralia]] izy io, ary efa niparitaka avy eny amin' ny zaridaina ka lasa maniry hoazy any amin' ny faritra sasany any [[California]] sy any [[Oregon]] ary any [[Florida]] (samy any [[Etazonia]]), sy any amin' ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|faritra]] [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|mediteraneana]]<nowiki/>n' i [[Eorôpa]], ary any afovoan' i [[Meksika]]. Vao haingana no voamarina fa [[zavamaniry manafika]] any California ity karazana ity, ka tafiditra ao anatin' ny lisitra misy fampitandremana hentitra momba ny zavamaniry manimba ny tontolo voajanahary. == Famariparitana == [[Sary:200410 Aptenia cordifolia.JPG|vignette|345x345px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' misanrahaka]] Ahitra maniry maharitra taona maro, manana taho mandady, be nofony, ary tsy dia ela velona ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Mamorona karipetra eo amin' ny tany izy rehefa ela. Maniry mandady avy amin' ny fotony iray izay lasa manana tsiraka hazo. Tsy mihoatra firy ny 10 sm ny haavony zavamaniry, saingy mety hahatratra 60 sm eo ho eo ny halavan' ny tahony mandady. Maitso ny tahony izay manana endrika varingarina. === Ravina === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia 2019-12-13 6124.jpg|vignette|Ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''|ankavia|212x212px]] Ny ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' dia kely, be nofony, mifanatrika (mifanohitra), mibikan' atody na miendrika fo, mirefy 2,5 sm eo ho eo ny halavany, ary rakotra [[kibontsina]] (zavatra toa fivontosana kely madinika). === Vony === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia (6846900699).jpg|vignette|Vonin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''|208x208px]] Misy voniny mitokantokana miloko mavokely madera ka hatramin' ny volomparasy mipoitra eo amin' ny fototry ny tangozan-dravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Misokatra mandritra ny andro ireo vony ireo nefa mikatona rehefa alina, ary mikatona ihany koa mandritra ny andro misy rahona. Ny singa miloko madera miendrika boribory dia tsy [[felambony]] fa [[lahimbony]] niova endrika izay tsy manatanteraka ny asany intsony. Miloko mavo kosa ny lahimbony mahazatra. Mamony indrindra manomboka amin' ny lohataona ka hatramin' ny fararano io zavamaniry io. === Voa === Karazana kapsiola mirefy somary mihoatra kely ny iray santimetatra ny voan' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' izay misy vihim-boa miloko volontany sady miendrika boribory kely mirefy eo amin' ny iray milimetatra eo ho eo. Misy ovan-karazany iray koa izay manana ravina misy loko mifangaro. == Fampiasana == === Haingo === Ny tena fampiasana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' io dia ho haingon-trano na haingon-tokontany. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Ny mponina any amin' ny faritra niaviany dia mampiasa azy noho ny toetrany mampihena fivontosana. Ahitana [[mesembrinina]] sy [[demetilmesembrenôla]] izay [[alkalôida]] miasa amin' ny fanakanana ny fiverenan' ny [[serôtôninina]] ao amin' ny [[sela]] sady mampirisika ny famoahana [[mônôaminina]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Tamin' ny fanadihadiana natao tamin' ny zavamaniry samihafa miisa 21, dia hita fa ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' no manana fatran' ny mesembrinina faharoa ambony indrindra. Ireo alkalôida ireo dia hita ao amin' ny ''[[Sceletium tortuosum]]'' ihany koa. Azo inoana fa ny mesembrinina no singa fototra ao amin' ny ''Sceletium tortuosum'' izay miasa maha fanafody manala fahaketrahana azy. === Sakafo === Azo hanina manta ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Mampahatsiahy ny tsiron' ny anamatavy na kalabotretra (''[[Portulaca oleracea]]'') ny tsirony. Noho ny tsirony sy ny endriny dia zavamaniry maro mpitia eo amin' ny fandrahoan-tsakafo izy io. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Aptenia]]'' * ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'' 4dtxptqcwagm6o6611lp2w8fuxc54d7 1151996 1151991 2026-10-17T06:16:35Z Thelezifor 15140 Fambolena sy fiparitahana 1151996 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Растения в Седово 109.JPG|vignette|354x354px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] Ny '''''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] mitahiry rano ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Aizoaceae]]''. Ahitra mandady sy maharitra taona maro izy io, izay mamokatra sampana maro mandady amin' ny tany, mipoitra avy amin' ny fototra iray, ka mamorona lafika toa karipetra. Midika hoe "voninkazo misy voa eo afovoany" ny anaran' ny vondron-karazana misy azy (''Mesembryanthemum''), izay mampahatsiahy ny toerana misy ny [[Fihary atodinaina (bôtanika)|fihary atodinaina]] ao amin' ny voniny. Avy amin' ny [[Fiteny latina|teny latina]] izay manambara fa manana ravina miendrika fo ilay zavamaniry ny mpamaritra anaran' ny karazana kosa (''cordifolium''). ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' <small>L.f.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno ary anisan' ny anarana nahafantarana azy taloha ny hoe ''Aptenia'' ''cordifolia'' <small>(L.f.) Schwantes</small>. == Taksônômia == Ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' dia anarana ekena araka ny tahirin-kevitra "''[[The Plant List]]''"<ref><small>"[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2363065 Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L.f. — the Plant List]".</small></ref>, izay loharano fototra ho an' ny fanasokajiana filôjenetika nataon' ny [[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group]] (APG) momba ny [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]]. Taloha dia tao anatin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Aptenia]]'' io zavamaniry io ary fantatra tamin' ny anarana hoe ''Aptenia cordifolia''; nampidirina tao anatin' ny ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'' anefa izy tamin' ny taona 2007, rehefa noheverina ho mitovy hevitra fotsiny amin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum'' ny vondrona ''Aptenia'' manontolo<ref><small>Klak, Cornelia & Bruyns, Peter & Hedderson, Terry. (2007). "A Phylogeny and New Classification for Mesembryanthemoideae (Aizoaceae)". ''Taxon''. 56. 737-756. 10.2307/25065858.</small></ref>. === Anarana hafa === Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'': * ''Aptenia cordifolia'' <small>(L.f.) Schwantes</small> * ''Litocarpus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Ludolfia cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Tetracoilanthus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) Rappa & Cammarone</small> == Faritra aniriany == Teratany any amin' ny Faritanin' i [[Eastern Cape]] any [[Afrika Atsimo]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'', ary lasa fantatry ny maro amin' ny maha zavamaniry fanao haingon-tokontany na haingon-trano azy. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia hita any [[Aostralia]] izy io<ref><small>Prescott, A. & J. Venning. 1984. ''Aizoaceae''. Flora of Australia 19-62</small></ref>, ary efa niparitaka avy eny amin' ny zaridaina ka lasa maniry hoazy any amin' ny faritra sasany any [[California]] sy any [[Oregon]] ary any [[Florida]] (samy any [[Etazonia]]), sy any amin' ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|faritra]] [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|mediteraneana]]<nowiki/>n' i [[Eorôpa]], ary any afovoan' i [[Meksika]]. Vao haingana no voamarina fa [[zavamaniry manafika]] any California ity karazana ity, ka tafiditra ao anatin' ny lisitra misy fampitandremana hentitra momba ny zavamaniry manimba ny tontolo voajanahary<ref><small>"[https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=369456&isprofile=0& Mesembryanthemum cordifolium - Plant Finder]".</small></ref>. == Famariparitana == Ahitra maniry maharitra taona maro, manana taho mandady, be nofony, ary tsy dia ela velona ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Mamorona karipetra eo amin' ny tany izy rehefa ela. Maniry mandady avy amin' ny fotony iray izay lasa manana tsiraka hazo. Tsy mihoatra firy ny 10 sm ny haavony zavamaniry, saingy mety hahatratra 60 sm eo ho eo ny halavan' ny tahony mandady. Maitso ny tahony izay manana endrika varingarina. === Ravina === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia 2019-12-13 6124.jpg|vignette|Ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''|ankavia|212x212px]] [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia ies.jpg|vignette|186x186px|Ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' ]] Ny ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' dia kely, be nofony, mifanatrika (mifanohitra), mibikan' atody na miendrika fo, mirefy 2,5 sm eo ho eo ny halavany, ary rakotra [[kibontsina]] (zavatra toa fivontosana kely madinika). === Vony === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia (6846900699).jpg|vignette|Vonin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''|208x208px]] Misy voniny mitokantokana miloko mavokely madera ka hatramin' ny volomparasy mipoitra eo amin' ny fototry ny tangozan-dravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Misokatra mandritra ny andro ireo vony ireo nefa mikatona rehefa alina, ary mikatona ihany koa mandritra ny andro misy rahona. Ny singa miloko madera miendrika boribory dia tsy [[felambony]] fa [[lahimbony]] niova endrika izay tsy manatanteraka ny asany intsony. Miloko mavo kosa ny lahimbony mahazatra. Mamony indrindra manomboka amin' ny lohataona ka hatramin' ny fararano io zavamaniry io. === Voa === [[Sary:A.cordifolia-fruit-1.jpg|ankavia|vignette|204x204px|Voan' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] [[Sary:A.cordifolia-seeds-1.jpg|vignette|208x208px|Vihim-boan' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] Karazana kapsiola mirefy somary mihoatra kely ny iray santimetatra ny voan' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' izay misy vihim-boa miloko volontany sady miendrika boribory kely mirefy eo amin' ny iray milimetatra eo ho eo. Misy ovan-karazany iray koa izay manana ravina misy loko mifangaro. == Fampiasana == === Haingo === Ny tena fampiasana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' io dia ho haingon-trano na haingon-tokontany. === Fandrakofana tany === [[Sary:Starr 070313-5582 Aptenia cordifolia.jpg|vignette|276x276px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' andrakofana tany]] Mety tsara ihany koa iny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' handrakofana rindrina sy toerana misy rafi-bato ary faritra tsy misy ahitra. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === Ny mponina any amin' ny faritra niaviany dia mampiasa azy noho ny toetrany mampihena fivontosana<ref><small>J. Ettelt: succulent card index. In: ''Cacti and other succulents''. 3/2004.</small></ref>. Ahitana [[mesembrinina]] sy [[demetilmesembrenôla]] izay [[alkalôida]] miasa amin' ny fanakanana ny fiverenan' ny [[serôtôninina]] ao amin' ny [[sela]] sady mampirisika ny famoahana [[mônôaminina]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Tamin' ny fanadihadiana natao tamin' ny zavamaniry samihafa miisa 21, dia hita fa ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' no manana fatran' ny mesembrinina faharoa ambony indrindra. Ireo alkalôida ireo dia hita ao amin' ny ''[[Sceletium tortuosum]]'' ihany koa<ref><small>Smith, Michael T.; Field, Courtney R.; Crouch, Neil R.; Hirst, Manton (1998). "The Distribution of Mesembrine Alkaloids in Selected Taxa of the Mesembryanthemaceae and their Modification in the Sceletium Derived 'Kougoed'". ''Pharmaceutical Biology''. 36 (3): 173–179. doi:10.1076/phbi.36.3.173.6350.</small></ref>. Azo inoana fa ny mesembrinina no singa fototra ao amin' ny ''Sceletium tortuosum'' izay miasa maha fanafody manala fahaketrahana azy<ref><small>Stafford, Gary I.; Pedersen, Mikael E.; Van Staden, Johannes; Jäger, Anna K. (2008). "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874108004492?via%3Dihub Review on plants with CNS-effects used in traditional South African medicine against mental diseases]". ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology''. 119 (3): 513–537. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.010. <nowiki>PMID 18775771</nowiki>.</small></ref>. === Sakafo === Azo hanina manta ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''<ref><small>"[https://biosalinn.es/cultivos/aptenia-cordifolia ''Aptenia cordifolia'' (L.f.) Schwantes]", ''biosalinn.es''</small></ref><ref name=":1"><small>"''[https://jardinage.pagesjaunes.fr/plante/voir/1107/aptenia-cordifolia Aptenia cordifolia]''", ''jardinage.pagesjaunes.fr''</small></ref>. Mampahatsiahy ny tsiron' ny anamatavy na kalabotretra (''[[Portulaca oleracea]]'') ny tsirony<ref name=":1" />. Noho ny tsirony sy ny endriny dia zavamaniry maro mpitia eo amin' ny fandrahoan-tsakafo izy io. == Fambolena sy fiparitahana == === Fambolena === [[Sary:200410 Aptenia cordifolia.JPG|vignette|345x345px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' misanrahaka]]Ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' dia azo ambolena ho zavamaniry mandrakotra tany sady mitombo haingana, apetraka anaty vata fambolena voninkazo na ambolena manodidina ny faritra misy jiro famantarana amin' ny fifamoivoizana, na dia tsy mahatanty ny [[toetrandro ratsy]] aza. Mila toerana be masoandro sy tany tsy mitazona rano loatra ity zavamaniry ity. Noho ny fitomboany haingana, dia manampy amin' ny fisorohana ny fipoiran' ny [[ahidratsy]] eo amin' ny toerana nambolena azy izy. Afaka miaina tsara anaty tavy ihany koa izy, ary matetika ambolena anaty harona mihantona mba hahafahan' ny rantsany lava hikiraviravy sy ny raviny halalaka tsara. Mandritra ny ririnina, dia tokony hapetraka amin' ny toerana misy masoandro sy tsy tratran' ny [[fanala]], amin' ny [[mari-pana]] manodidina ny 5 hatramin' ny 8&nbsp;°C. Tsy misy olana lehibe ateraky ny [[Insecta|bibikely]] na aretina fantatra momba azy. === Fiparitahana === Azo ampitomboina taranaka mora foana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' amin' ny alalan' ny [[fanaovana tsatoboly]], amin' ny alalan' ny fakany, amin' ny alalan' ny vihim-boany, ary na dia amin' ny alalan' ny raviny aza raha alevina anaty tany. Tokony hafafy amin' ny fahavaratra ny vihim-boany, fa ny fampitomboana amin' ny alalan' ny tsatoboly kosa dia azo atao amin' ny fiandohan' ny lohataona any amin' ny faritra mangatsiatsiaka kokoa. Azo zarazaraina ilay zavamaniry, ary ny taho mandady dia azo ambolena mivantana amin' ny tany. Tokony hokarakaraina ny tany fambolena amin' ny alalan' ny famadihana bainga. Azo ampiana [[zezipako]] (kômpôsta) sy [[zezika]] mamoaka otrikaina miandalana mba hiantohana ny fitomboana sy ny fahasalaman' ilay zavamaniry. Tena mahatanty haintany izy, saingy mitombo haingana kokoa raha mando ny tany. Mety aminy tsara ny tany tsy mitazona rano be loatra. Tsy mahatanty fanala izy, ka mety ho faty raha midina ambanin' ny −5 °C ny [[mari-pana]]. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Aptenia]]'' * ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'' == Loharano == gaakjtj8lmxuptb872qw5cqeu5mr1sn 1151997 1151996 2026-10-17T06:26:11Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanampy sary 1151997 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Растения в Седово 109.JPG|vignette|354x354px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] Ny '''''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] mitahiry rano ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Aizoaceae]]''. Ahitra mandady sy maharitra taona maro izy io, izay mamokatra sampana maro mandady amin' ny tany, mipoitra avy amin' ny fototra iray, ka mamorona lafika toa karipetra. Midika hoe "voninkazo misy voa eo afovoany" ny anaran' ny vondron-karazana misy azy (''Mesembryanthemum''), izay mampahatsiahy ny toerana misy ny [[Fihary atodinaina (bôtanika)|fihary atodinaina]] ao amin' ny voniny. Avy amin' ny [[Fiteny latina|teny latina]] izay manambara fa manana ravina miendrika fo ilay zavamaniry ny mpamaritra anaran' ny karazana kosa (''cordifolium''). ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' <small>L.f.</small> ny anarany ara-tsiansa feno ary anisan' ny anarana nahafantarana azy taloha ny hoe ''Aptenia'' ''cordifolia'' <small>(L.f.) Schwantes</small>. == Taksônômia == Ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' dia anarana ekena araka ny tahirin-kevitra "''[[The Plant List]]''"<ref><small>"[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2363065 Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L.f. — the Plant List]".</small></ref>, izay loharano fototra ho an' ny fanasokajiana filôjenetika nataon' ny [[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group]] (APG) momba ny [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]]. Taloha dia tao anatin' ny vondron-karazana ''[[Aptenia]]'' io zavamaniry io ary fantatra tamin' ny anarana hoe ''Aptenia cordifolia''; nampidirina tao anatin' ny ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'' anefa izy tamin' ny taona 2007, rehefa noheverina ho mitovy hevitra fotsiny amin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum'' ny vondrona ''Aptenia'' manontolo<ref><small>Klak, Cornelia & Bruyns, Peter & Hedderson, Terry. (2007). "A Phylogeny and New Classification for Mesembryanthemoideae (Aizoaceae)". ''Taxon''. 56. 737-756. 10.2307/25065858.</small></ref>. === Anarana hafa === Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'': * ''Aptenia cordifolia'' <small>(L.f.) Schwantes</small> * ''Litocarpus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Ludolfia cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Tetracoilanthus cordifolius'' <small>(L.f.) Rappa & Cammarone</small> == Faritra aniriany == Teratany any amin' ny Faritanin' i [[Eastern Cape]] any [[Afrika Atsimo]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'', ary lasa fantatry ny maro amin' ny maha zavamaniry fanao haingon-tokontany na haingon-trano azy. Amin' izao fotoana izao dia hita any [[Aostralia]] izy io<ref><small>Prescott, A. & J. Venning. 1984. ''Aizoaceae''. Flora of Australia 19-62</small></ref>, ary efa niparitaka avy eny amin' ny zaridaina ka lasa maniry hoazy any amin' ny faritra sasany any [[California]] sy any [[Oregon]] ary any [[Florida]] (samy any [[Etazonia]]), sy any amin' ny [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|faritra]] [[Ranomasina Mediteranea|mediteraneana]]<nowiki/>n' i [[Eorôpa]], ary any afovoan' i [[Meksika]]. Vao haingana no voamarina fa [[zavamaniry manafika]] any California ity karazana ity, ka tafiditra ao anatin' ny lisitra misy fampitandremana hentitra momba ny zavamaniry manimba ny tontolo voajanahary<ref><small>"[https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=369456&isprofile=0& Mesembryanthemum cordifolium - Plant Finder]".</small></ref>. == Famariparitana == Ahitra maniry maharitra taona maro, manana taho mandady, be nofony, ary tsy dia ela velona ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Mamorona karipetra eo amin' ny tany izy rehefa ela. Maniry mandady avy amin' ny fotony iray izay lasa manana tsiraka hazo. Tsy mihoatra firy ny 10 sm ny haavony zavamaniry, saingy mety hahatratra 60 sm eo ho eo ny halavan' ny tahony mandady. Maitso ny tahony izay manana endrika varingarina. === Ravina === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia 2019-12-13 6124.jpg|vignette|Ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''|ankavia|212x212px]] [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia ies.jpg|vignette|186x186px|Ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' ]] Ny ravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' dia kely, be nofony, mifanatrika (mifanohitra), mibikan' atody na miendrika fo, mirefy 2,5 sm eo ho eo ny halavany, ary rakotra [[kibontsina]] (zavatra toa fivontosana kely madinika). Misy ovan-karazany iray koa izay manana ravina misy loko mifangaro. === Vony === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia (6846900699).jpg|vignette|Vonin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''|208x208px]] Misy voniny mitokantokana miloko mavokely madera ka hatramin' ny volomparasy mipoitra eo amin' ny fototry ny tangozan-dravin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Misokatra mandritra ny andro ireo vony ireo nefa mikatona rehefa alina, ary mikatona ihany koa mandritra ny andro misy rahona. Ny singa miloko madera miendrika boribory dia tsy [[felambony]] fa [[lahimbony]] niova endrika izay tsy manatanteraka ny asany intsony. Miloko mavo kosa ny lahimbony mahazatra. Mamony indrindra manomboka amin' ny lohataona ka hatramin' ny fararano io zavamaniry io. === Voa === [[Sary:A.cordifolia-fruit-1.jpg|ankavia|vignette|204x204px|Voan' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] [[Sary:A.cordifolia-seeds-1.jpg|vignette|208x208px|Vihim-boan' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'']] Karazana kapsiola mirefy somary mihoatra kely ny iray santimetatra ny voan' ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' izay misy vihim-boa miloko volontany sady miendrika boribory kely mirefy eo amin' ny iray milimetatra eo ho eo. == Fampiasana == === Haingo === [[Sary:Aptenia cordifolia variegata-2-wild orchid-yercaud-salem-India.jpg|vignette|208x208px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' ambolena anaty harona mihantona]] Ny tena fampiasana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' io dia ho haingon-trano na haingon-tokontany. === Fandrakofana tany === [[Sary:Starr 061223-2763 Aptenia cordifolia.jpg|ankavia|vignette|214x214px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' andrakofana toerana misy rafi-bato]] Mety tsara ihany koa iny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' handrakofana rindrina sy toerana misy rafi-bato ary faritra tsy misy ahitra. === Fitsaboana nentim-paharazana === [[Sary:Starr 070313-5582 Aptenia cordifolia.jpg|vignette|276x276px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' andrakofana tany]] Ny mponina any amin' ny faritra niaviany dia mampiasa azy noho ny toetrany mampihena fivontosana<ref><small>J. Ettelt: succulent card index. In: ''Cacti and other succulents''. 3/2004.</small></ref>. Ahitana [[mesembrinina]] sy [[demetilmesembrenôla]] izay [[alkalôida]] miasa amin' ny fanakanana ny fiverenan' ny [[serôtôninina]] ao amin' ny [[sela]] sady mampirisika ny famoahana [[mônôaminina]] ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''. Tamin' ny fanadihadiana natao tamin' ny zavamaniry samihafa miisa 21, dia hita fa ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' no manana fatran' ny mesembrinina faharoa ambony indrindra. Ireo alkalôida ireo dia hita ao amin' ny ''[[Sceletium tortuosum]]'' ihany koa<ref><small>Smith, Michael T.; Field, Courtney R.; Crouch, Neil R.; Hirst, Manton (1998). "The Distribution of Mesembrine Alkaloids in Selected Taxa of the Mesembryanthemaceae and their Modification in the Sceletium Derived 'Kougoed'". ''Pharmaceutical Biology''. 36 (3): 173–179. doi:10.1076/phbi.36.3.173.6350.</small></ref>. Azo inoana fa ny mesembrinina no singa fototra ao amin' ny ''Sceletium tortuosum'' izay miasa maha fanafody manala fahaketrahana azy<ref><small>Stafford, Gary I.; Pedersen, Mikael E.; Van Staden, Johannes; Jäger, Anna K. (2008). "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874108004492?via%3Dihub Review on plants with CNS-effects used in traditional South African medicine against mental diseases]". ''Journal of Ethnopharmacology''. 119 (3): 513–537. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.010. <nowiki>PMID 18775771</nowiki>.</small></ref>. === Sakafo === Azo hanina manta ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium''<ref><small>"[https://biosalinn.es/cultivos/aptenia-cordifolia ''Aptenia cordifolia'' (L.f.) Schwantes]", ''biosalinn.es''</small></ref><ref name=":1"><small>"''[https://jardinage.pagesjaunes.fr/plante/voir/1107/aptenia-cordifolia Aptenia cordifolia]''", ''jardinage.pagesjaunes.fr''</small></ref>. Mampahatsiahy ny tsiron' ny anamatavy na kalabotretra (''[[Portulaca oleracea]]'') ny tsirony<ref name=":1" />. Noho ny tsirony sy ny endriny dia zavamaniry maro mpitia eo amin' ny fandrahoan-tsakafo izy io. == Fambolena sy fiparitahana == === Fambolena === [[Sary:200410 Aptenia cordifolia.JPG|vignette|345x345px|''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' misanrahaka]]Ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' dia azo ambolena ho zavamaniry mandrakotra tany sady mitombo haingana, apetraka anaty vata fambolena voninkazo na ambolena manodidina ny faritra misy jiro famantarana amin' ny fifamoivoizana, na dia tsy mahatanty ny [[toetrandro ratsy]] aza. Mila toerana be masoandro sy tany tsy mitazona rano loatra ity zavamaniry ity. Noho ny fitomboany haingana, dia manampy amin' ny fisorohana ny fipoiran' ny [[ahidratsy]] eo amin' ny toerana nambolena azy izy. Afaka miaina tsara anaty tavy ihany koa izy, ary matetika ambolena anaty harona mihantona mba hahafahan' ny rantsany lava hikiraviravy sy ny raviny halalaka tsara. Mandritra ny ririnina, dia tokony hapetraka amin' ny toerana misy masoandro sy tsy tratran' ny [[fanala]], amin' ny [[mari-pana]] manodidina ny 5 hatramin' ny 8&nbsp;°C. Tsy misy olana lehibe ateraky ny [[Insecta|bibikely]] na aretina fantatra momba azy. === Fiparitahana === Azo ampitomboina taranaka mora foana ny ''Mesembryanthemum cordifolium'' amin' ny alalan' ny [[fanaovana tsatoboly]], amin' ny alalan' ny fakany, amin' ny alalan' ny vihim-boany, ary na dia amin' ny alalan' ny raviny aza raha alevina anaty tany. Tokony hafafy amin' ny fahavaratra ny vihim-boany, fa ny fampitomboana amin' ny alalan' ny tsatoboly kosa dia azo atao amin' ny fiandohan' ny lohataona any amin' ny faritra mangatsiatsiaka kokoa. Azo zarazaraina ilay zavamaniry, ary ny taho mandady dia azo ambolena mivantana amin' ny tany. Tokony hokarakaraina ny tany fambolena amin' ny alalan' ny famadihana bainga. Azo ampiana [[zezipako]] (kômpôsta) sy [[zezika]] mamoaka otrikaina miandalana mba hiantohana ny fitomboana sy ny fahasalaman' ilay zavamaniry. Tena mahatanty haintany izy, saingy mitombo haingana kokoa raha mando ny tany. Mety aminy tsara ny tany tsy mitazona rano be loatra. Tsy mahatanty fanala izy, ka mety ho faty raha midina ambanin' ny −5 °C ny [[mari-pana]]. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Aptenia]]'' * ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'' == Loharano == ny49bvubdzqtsi10lwu6el2cuvut2u2 0 302273 1151992 2026-10-16T14:48:51Z Thelezifor 15140 Vondron-karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Aizoaceae 1151992 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Starr 061223-2765 Aptenia cordifolia.jpg|vignette|341x341px|''[[Mesembryanthemum cordifolium]]'' na ''Aptenia cordifolia'']] Ny '''''Mesembryanthemum''''' dia vondron-karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Aizoaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filaharana [[Caryophyllales]], izay misy karazana mihoatra ny 100. == Lisitry ny karazana == Indreto ny karazana miisa 108 ao amin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum'' araka ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' notsidihina tamin' ny volana Marsa 2019: * ''Mesembryanthemum aitonis'' <small>Jacq.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum alatum'' <small>(L.Bolus) L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum amabile'' <small>(Gerbaulet & Struck) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum amplectens'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum archeri'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum arenarium'' <small>(N.E.Br.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum articulatum'' <small>Thunb.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum barklyi'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum baylissii'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum bicorne'' <small>Sond.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum brevicarpum'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum bulletrapense'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum canaliculatum'' <small>Haw.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum caudatum'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum chrysophthalmum'' <small>(Gerbaulet & Struck) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum clandestinum'' <small>Haw.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum corallinum'' <small>Thunb.</small> * ''[[Mesembryanthemum cordifolium]]'' <small>L.f.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum coriarium'' <small>Burch.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum crassicaule'' <small>Haw.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum cryptanthum'' <small>Hook.f.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum crystallinum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum deciduum'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum decurvatum'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum delum'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum digitatum'' <small>Aiton</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum dimorphum'' <small>Welw. ex Oliv.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum dinteri'' <small>Engl.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum emarcidum'' <small>Thunb.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum englishiae'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum eurystigmatum'' <small>Gerbaulet</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum exalatum'' <small>(Gerbaulet) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum excavatum'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum expansum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum fastigiatum'' <small>Thunb.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum flavidum'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum gariepense'' <small>(Gerbaulet & Struck) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum gariusanum'' <small>Dinter</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum geniculiflorum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum gessertianum'' <small>Dinter & A.Berger</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum glareicola'' <small>(Klak) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum granulicaule'' <small>Haw.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum grossum'' <small>Aiton</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum guerichianum'' <small>Pax</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum haeckelianum'' <small>A.Berger</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum holense'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum hypertrophicum'' <small>Dinter</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum inachabense'' <small>Engl.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum junceum'' <small>Haw.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum juttae'' <small>Dinter & A.Berger</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum knolfonteinense'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum kuntzei'' <small>Schinz</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum ladismithiense'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum lancifolium'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum latipetalum'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum leptarthron'' <small>A.Berger</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum lignescens'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum ligneum'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum lilliputanum'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum longipapillosum'' <small>Dinter</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum longistylum'' <small>DC.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum marlothii'' <small>Pax</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum namibense'' <small>Marloth</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum napierense'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum neglectum'' <small>(S.M.Pierce & Gerbaulet) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum neofoliosum'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum nitidum'' <small>Haw.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum noctiflorum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum nucifer'' <small>(Ihlenf. & Bittrich) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum occidentale'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum oculatum'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum oubergense'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum pallens'' <small>Aiton</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum parviflorum'' <small>Jacq.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum paulum'' <small>(N.E.Br.) L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum pellitum'' <small>Friedrich</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum prasinum'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum pseudoschlichtianum'' <small>(S.M.Pierce & Gerbaulet) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum quartziticola'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum rabiei'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum rapaceum'' <small>Jacq.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum resurgens'' <small>Kensit</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum rhizophorum'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum salicornioides'' <small>Pax</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum schenckii'' <small>Schinz</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum schlichtianum'' <small>Sond.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum serotinum'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum sinuosum'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum sladenianum'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum spinuliferum'' <small>Haw.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum splendens'' <small>L.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum springbokense'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum stenandrum'' <small>(L.Bolus) L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum subnodosum'' <small>A.Berger</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum subtruncatum'' <small>L.Bolus</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum suffruticosum'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum tenuiflorum'' <small>Jacq.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum tetragonum'' <small>Thunb.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum theurkauffii'' <small>(Maire) Maire</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum tomentosum'' <small>Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum tortuosum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum trichotomum'' <small>Thunb.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum vaginatum'' <small>Lam.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum vanheerdei'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum vanrensburgii'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum varians'' <small>Haw.</small> * ''Mesembryanthemum viridiflorum'' <small>Aiton</small> == Jereo koa == or0kgqmgx8ix7t0zue615wefms6j2ws 0 302274 1151998 2026-10-17T06:52:55Z Thelezifor 15140 Vondron-karazana ao amin' fianakaviana Aizoaceae 1151998 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Starr 061223-2765 Aptenia cordifolia.jpg|vignette|333x333px|''Aptenia cordifolia'' na ''[[Mesembryanthemum cordifolium]]'']] Ny '''''Aptenia''''' dia vondron-karazana ahitana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao anatin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Aizoaceae]]''<ref><small>''Aptenia'' N.E.Br., in ''Gard. Chron.'', ser. 3, 78: 412 (1925), ''in clave'' ; N.E.Br., in ''Gard. Chron.'', ser. 3, 84: 313 (1928) [''descr. ampl.'']</small></ref>. Nanomboka tamin' ny Janoary 2024 dia noraisina ho mitovy hevitra amin' ny ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'' izy io. Ny karazana efatra tao aminy izay tafiditra tao anatin' io vondrona io dia teratany any amin' ny [[Faritra Atsimo ao Afrika|faritra atsimo]] [[Faritra Atsimo ao Afrika|amin' i Afrika]]<ref><small>''[https://herbariadb.berkeley.edu/cgi/auth/challenge?return_to=/eflora/eflora_display.php?name=10651 Aizoaceae]''. The Jepson eFlora 2013.</small></ref>. Avy amin' ny [[Fiteny grika|teny grika]] hoe ''a''- (midika hoe "tsy") sy ''ptenos'' (midika hoe "misy elatra") ny anarana hoe ''Aptenia'', ary mampahatsiahy ny voany izay tsy misy elatra<ref><small>''[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=102363 Aptenia]''. Flora of North America.</small></ref>. ''Aptenia'' <small>N.E.Br.</small> ny anarany feno. == Taksônômia == Tamin' ny taona 2007, ny vondron-karazana ''Aptenia'' sy ny maro hafa dia nafindra tao anatin' ny ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]''. Roa taona taty aoriana, nisy mpanoratra hafa nanolotra hevitra ny hamerenana ny zava-drehetra ho amin' ny toetrany teo aloha<ref><small>Liede-Schumann, S. and H. E. Hartmann. (2009). [https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax/2009/00000058/00000002/art00001 Mesembryanthemum – back to the roots?] ''Taxon'' 58(2), 345-46.</small></ref>. Hatramin' ny Janoary 2024, ny ''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' dia mbola mihevitra azy io ho mitovy hevitra amin' ny ''Mesembryanthemum''<ref><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/30466316-2 Aptenia N.E.Br]." ''Plants of the World Online''. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Notsidihina tamin' ny 08/01/2024.</small></ref>. === Lisitry ny karazana === Indreto ny karazana tao amin' ny ''Aptenia'' izay efa nafindra ao amin' ny ''[[Mesembryanthemum]]'': * ''Aptenia cordifolia'' <small>(L.f.) Schwantes</small> → ''[[Mesembryanthemum cordifolium]]'' <small>L.f.</small> * ''Aptenia geniculiflora'' <small>(L.) Bittrich ex Gerbaulet</small> → ''Mesembryanthemum geniculiflorum'' <small>L.</small> * ''Aptenia haeckeliana'' <small>(A.Berger) Bittrich ex Gerbaulet</small> → ''Mesembryanthemum haeckelianum'' <small>A.Berger</small> * ''Aptenia lancifolia'' <small>L.Bolus</small> → ''Mesembryanthemum lancifolium'' <small>(L.Bolus) Klak</small> == Loharano == 4uhez9wwb02xg6qr7df0vs1otnmx91m 0 302275 1152003 2026-10-17T09:04:59Z Thelezifor 15140 Zavamaniry samihafa mitovy anarana 1152003 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum flower.jpg|vignette|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] [[Sary:Snake plant (Sansevieria trifasciata) Waoleona Buton Island 03.jpg|vignette|''Dracaena trifasciata'']] Ny '''lelanaomby''' dia zavamaniry samlihafa ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Asparagaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Asparagales]]) sy ''[[Boraginaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Boraginales]]): * ''[[Dracaena trifasciata]]'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> (← ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small>) (''Asparagaceae'') -- lelanaomby * ''[[Trichodesma zeylanicum]]'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> (''Boraginaceae'') -- lelanaomby == Jereo koa == * ''[[Dracaena]]'' * ''[[Sansevieria]]'' * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' ta9vmvkg0r6cvh9u9buuz1rqf9kttv0 0 302276 1152005 2026-10-17T09:16:04Z Thelezifor 15140 nanova ny anaran'i [[Valesa Atsimo Vaovao]] ho [[New South Wales]] i Thelezifor 1152005 wikitext text/x-wiki #FIHODINANA [[New South Wales]] bincx3y3iflrpcga76lbrgqenxq4jjq 0 302277 1152007 2026-10-17T09:17:37Z Thelezifor 15140 nanova ny anaran'i [[Aostralia Atsimo]] ho [[South Australia]] i Thelezifor 1152007 wikitext text/x-wiki #FIHODINANA [[South Australia]] 09cufqbtft5hahog0bd61eaklfs7fl3 0 302278 1152010 2026-10-17T09:20:19Z Thelezifor 15140 Thelezifor dia namindra ny pejy [[Aostralia Andrefana]] any amin'i [[Western Australia]] ary nanitsaka fihodinana 1152010 wikitext text/x-wiki #FIHODINANA [[Western Australia]] gx5dij5eisft362ipsi4q8528xwuhci 0 302279 1152013 2026-10-17T09:24:44Z Thelezifor 15140 Karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Boraginaceae 1152013 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum flower.jpg|vignette|340x340px|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Ny '''''Trichodesma zeylanicum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Boraginaceae]]''. Ahitra na hazobotry izy io, izay teratany any [[Aostralia]]. Mitombo mitsangana izy, mety hahatratra roa metatra ny haavony, ary manana faka lehibe lalina ao anaty tany. Miloko manga, na indraindray fotsy, ny voniny. ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> no anarany feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Ovan-karazana == Indreto ny ovan-karazan' ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' ekena: * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''grandiflorum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''latisepalum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''zeylanicum'' == Faritra ahitana azy == Miparitaka amin' ny faritra miadasika any [[Aostralia]] ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'', ka hita any [[Western Australia]], any [[Northern Territory]], any [[South Australia]], any [[Queensland]] ary any [[New South Wales]]. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' miowbj59jew5b29ysdi0h5x82o5hga3 1152014 1152013 2026-10-17T09:25:42Z Thelezifor 15140 Nanampy sary 1152014 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum flower.jpg|vignette|340x340px|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Ny '''''Trichodesma zeylanicum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Boraginaceae]]''. Ahitra na hazobotry izy io, izay teratany any [[Aostralia]]. Mitombo mitsangana izy, mety hahatratra roa metatra ny haavony, ary manana faka lehibe lalina ao anaty tany. Miloko manga, na indraindray fotsy, ny voniny. ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> no anarany feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Ovan-karazana == [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum habitus.jpg|vignette|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Indreto ny ovan-karazan' ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' ekena: * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''grandiflorum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''latisepalum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''zeylanicum'' == Faritra ahitana azy == Miparitaka amin' ny faritra miadasika any [[Aostralia]] ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'', ka hita any [[Western Australia]], any [[Northern Territory]], any [[South Australia]], any [[Queensland]] ary any [[New South Wales]]. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' dmiq0iy128f88ovlzsyfnbsma15wdy0 1152015 1152014 2026-10-17T09:27:15Z Thelezifor 15140 Anarana hafa 1152015 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum flower.jpg|vignette|340x340px|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Ny '''''Trichodesma zeylanicum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Boraginaceae]]''. Ahitra na hazobotry izy io, izay teratany any [[Aostralia]]. Mitombo mitsangana izy, mety hahatratra roa metatra ny haavony, ary manana faka lehibe lalina ao anaty tany. Miloko manga, na indraindray fotsy, ny voniny. ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> no anarany feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Anarana hafa == Indreto ny anarana ara-tsiana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'': * ''Trichodesma kotschyanum'' <small>(Hochst.) Fenzl ex A. DC.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>F. Müll.</small> * ''Trichodesma kotschyana'' <small>Hochst.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Hiern</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>Burm. fil.</small> * ''Trichodesma indica'' <small>Blanco</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Kuntze</small> == Ovan-karazana == [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum habitus.jpg|vignette|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Indreto ny ovan-karazan' ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' ekena: * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''grandiflorum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''latisepalum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''zeylanicum'' == Faritra ahitana azy == Miparitaka amin' ny faritra miadasika any [[Aostralia]] ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'', ka hita any [[Western Australia]], any [[Northern Territory]], any [[South Australia]], any [[Queensland]] ary any [[New South Wales]]. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' sojub3o7v6uxg4sfx9o9eme2oe1jxkd 1152016 1152015 2026-10-17T09:28:44Z Thelezifor 15140 1152016 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum flower.jpg|vignette|340x340px|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Ny '''''Trichodesma zeylanicum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Boraginaceae]]''. Ahitra na hazobotry izy io, izay teratany any [[Aostralia]]. Mitombo mitsangana izy, mety hahatratra roa metatra ny haavony, ary manana faka lehibe lalina ao anaty tany. Miloko manga, na indraindray fotsy, ny voniny. ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> no anarany feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Anarana hafa == Indreto ny anarana ara-tsiana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'': * ''Trichodesma kotschyanum'' <small>(Hochst.) Fenzl ex A. DC.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>F. Müll.</small> * ''Trichodesma kotschyana'' <small>Hochst.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Hiern</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>Burm. fil.</small> * ''Trichodesma indica'' <small>Blanco</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Kuntze</small> == Ovan-karazana == [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum habitus.jpg|vignette|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Indreto ny ovan-karazan' ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' ekena: * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''grandiflorum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''latisepalum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''zeylanicum'' == Faritra ahitana azy == Miparitaka amin' ny faritra miadasika any [[Aostralia]] ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'', ka hita any [[Western Australia]], any [[Northern Territory]], any [[South Australia]], any [[Queensland]] ary any [[New South Wales]]. Efa miparitaka any amin' ny faritra hafa maneran-tany koa izy io. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' l55i651tvk1rrkxv6k7r0qdcssgurs5 1152017 1152016 2026-10-17T09:48:08Z Thelezifor 15140 Faritra sy toerana aniriany 1152017 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum flower.jpg|vignette|340x340px|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Ny '''''Trichodesma zeylanicum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Boraginaceae]]''. Ahitra na hazobotry izy io, izay teratany any [[Aostralia]]. Mitombo mitsangana izy, mety hahatratra roa metatra ny haavony, ary manana faka lehibe lalina ao anaty tany. Miloko manga, na indraindray fotsy, ny voniny. ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> no anarany feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Anarana hafa == Indreto ny anarana ara-tsiana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'': * ''Trichodesma kotschyanum'' <small>(Hochst.) Fenzl ex A. DC.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>F. Müll.</small> * ''Trichodesma kotschyana'' <small>Hochst.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Hiern</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>Burm. fil.</small> * ''Trichodesma indica'' <small>Blanco</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Kuntze</small> == Ovan-karazana == [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum habitus.jpg|vignette|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Indreto ny ovan-karazan' ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' ekena: * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''grandiflorum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''latisepalum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''zeylanicum'' == Faritra ahitana azy == Miparitaka amin' ny faritra miadasika any [[Aostralia]] ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'', ka hita any [[Western Australia]], any [[Northern Territory]], any [[South Australia]], any [[Queensland]] ary any [[New South Wales]]. Efa miparitaka any amin' ny faritra hafa maneran-tany koa izy io: any amin' ny faritra trôpikaly ao [[Afrika]] (anisany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia]]. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' 3d4nnykaybkij24efts2bi5pi2bv5mr 1152018 1152017 2026-10-17T09:56:45Z Thelezifor 15140 Faritra ahitana azy eto Madagasikara 1152018 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum flower.jpg|vignette|340x340px|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Ny '''''Trichodesma zeylanicum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Boraginaceae]]''. Ahitra na hazobotry izy io, izay teratany any [[Aostralia]]. Mitombo mitsangana izy, mety hahatratra roa metatra ny haavony, ary manana faka lehibe lalina ao anaty tany. Miloko manga, na indraindray fotsy, ny voniny. ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> no anarany feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Anarana hafa == Indreto ny anarana ara-tsiana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'': * ''Trichodesma kotschyanum'' <small>(Hochst.) Fenzl ex A. DC.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>F. Müll.</small> * ''Trichodesma kotschyana'' <small>Hochst.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Hiern</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>Burm. fil.</small> * ''Trichodesma indica'' <small>Blanco</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Kuntze</small> == Ovan-karazana == [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum habitus.jpg|vignette|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Indreto ny ovan-karazan' ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' ekena: * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''grandiflorum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''latisepalum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''zeylanicum'' == Faritra ahitana azy == Miparitaka amin' ny faritra miadasika any [[Aostralia]] ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'', ka hita any [[Western Australia]], any [[Northern Territory]], any [[South Australia]], any [[Queensland]] ary any [[New South Wales]]. Efa miparitaka any amin' ny faritra hafa maneran-tany koa izy io: any amin' ny faritra trôpikaly ao [[Afrika]] (anisany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia]]. Eto Madagasikra izy dia hita ao amin' ny faritra andrefana sy afovoany. Nahitana azy io ny tao [[Behompy]] sy Ifanato ary Ranomay (samy ao [[Faritra Atsimo-Andrefana|Atsimo-Andrefana]]), ao Matsaborimanga (akaikin' [[Ambilobe]]). == Jereo koa == * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' c2qitko489jmiuou626e8r6zpurduq3 1152022 1152018 2026-10-17T10:32:37Z Thelezifor 15140 Jereo koa 1152022 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum flower.jpg|vignette|340x340px|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Ny '''''Trichodesma zeylanicum''''' dia karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Boraginaceae]]''. Ahitra na hazobotry izy io, izay teratany any [[Aostralia]]. Mitombo mitsangana izy, mety hahatratra roa metatra ny haavony, ary manana faka lehibe lalina ao anaty tany. Miloko manga, na indraindray fotsy, ny voniny. ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> no anarany feno. Amin' ny teny malagasy izy dia atao hoe '''lelanaomby'''. == Anarana hafa == Indreto ny anarana ara-tsiana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'': * ''Trichodesma kotschyanum'' <small>(Hochst.) Fenzl ex A. DC.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>F. Müll.</small> * ''Trichodesma kotschyana'' <small>Hochst.</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Hiern</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>Burm. fil.</small> * ''Trichodesma indica'' <small>Blanco</small> * ''Trichodesma zeylanica'' <small>(Burm. fil.) Kuntze</small> == Ovan-karazana == [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum habitus.jpg|vignette|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Indreto ny ovan-karazan' ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' ekena: * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''grandiflorum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''latisepalum'' * ''Trichodesma'' ''zeylanicum'' var. ''zeylanicum'' == Faritra ahitana azy == Miparitaka amin' ny faritra miadasika any [[Aostralia]] ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'', ka hita any [[Western Australia]], any [[Northern Territory]], any [[South Australia]], any [[Queensland]] ary any [[New South Wales]]. Efa miparitaka any amin' ny faritra hafa maneran-tany koa izy io: any amin' ny faritra trôpikaly ao [[Afrika]] (anisany i [[Madagasikara]]) sy any [[Azia]]. Eto Madagasikra izy dia hita ao amin' ny faritra andrefana sy afovoany. Nahitana azy io ny tao [[Behompy]] sy Ifanato ary Ranomay (samy ao [[Faritra Atsimo-Andrefana|Atsimo-Andrefana]]), ao Matsaborimanga (akaikin' [[Ambilobe]]). == Jereo koa == * ''[[Trichodesma]]'' * [[Lelanaomby]]: ''[[Dracaena trifasciata]]'' <small>(Prain) Mabb.</small> (← ''Sansevieria trifasciata'' <small>Prain.</small>) (''[[Asparagaceae]]''); ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'' <small>(Burm. f.) R. Br.</small> (''[[Boraginaceae]]'') mozkpzuaxnagcrf2ocluj154nph70hy 0 302280 1152020 2026-10-17T10:26:47Z Thelezifor 15140 Vondron-karazan-javamaniry ao amin' ny fianakaviana Boraginaceae 1152020 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Trichodesma indicum (Chhota Kalpa) in Bhongir, AP W2 IMG 2962.jpg|vignette|331x331px|''Trichodesma indicum'']] Ny '''''Trichodesma''''' dia vondron-karazana [[Angiospermae|zavamaniry mamony]] ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Boraginaceae]]'', ao amin' ny filaharana [[Boraginales]]. Ahitana karazana miisa 38, izay miparitaka any amin' ny faritra trôpikaly sy sobtrôpikaly atỳ [[Afrika]] sy any [[Azia]] ary any [[Aostralia]] izy. ''Trichodesma'' <small>R.Br.</small> no anarany ara-tsiansa feno. == Anarana hafa == Indreto ny anarana hafa nahafantarana ny ''Trichodesma'': * ''Boraginella'' <small>Kuntze</small> * ''Boraginodes'' <small>T.Post & Kuntze</small> * ''Borraginoides'' <small>Boehm</small>. * ''Friedrichsthalia'' <small>Fenzl</small> * ''Lacaitaea'' <small>Brand</small> * ''Leiocarya'' <small>Hochst</small>. * ''Octosomatium'' <small>Gagnep</small>. * ''Pollichia'' <small>Medik</small>. * ''Spiroconus'' <small>Steven</small> * ''Streblanthera'' <small>Steud</small>. == Lisitry ny karazana == [[Sary:Trichodesma zeylanicum habit.jpg|vignette|309x309px|''Trichodesma zeylanicum'']] Indreto ny karazana 38 ekena ao amin' ny ''Trichodesma''<ref><small>"[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:332029-2? ''Trichodesma'' R.Br.]", ''Plants of the World Online''. Notsidihina tamin' ny 17 Oktobra 2024.</small></ref>: * ''Trichodesma aellenii'' <small>Riedl</small> * ''Trichodesma afghanicum'' <small>Sadat</small> * ''Trichodesma africanum'' <small>(L.) Sm.</small> * ''Trichodesma ambacense'' <small>Welw</small>. * ''Trichodesma angustifolium'' <small>Harv</small>. * ''Trichodesma arenicola'' <small>Gürke</small> * ''Trichodesma aucheri'' <small>DC</small>. * ''Trichodesma bamianicum'' <small>Rech.f. & Riedl</small> * ''Trichodesma baumii'' <small>Gürke</small> * ''Trichodesma bequaertii'' <small>De Wild.</small> * ''Trichodesma boissieri'' <small>Post</small> * ''Trichodesma calcaratum'' <small>Coss. ex Batt.</small> * ''Trichodesma calycosum'' <small>Collett & Hemsl.</small> * ''Trichodesma cinereum'' <small>Mosti & Selvi</small> * ''Trichodesma decurrens'' <small>S.P.Banerjee</small> * ''Trichodesma ehrenbergii'' <small>Schweinf</small>. * ''Trichodesma elymaiticum'' <small>Mozaff</small>. * ''Trichodesma griffithii'' <small>(Brand) Planch. ex Riedl</small> * ''Trichodesma hildebrandtii'' <small>Gürke</small> * ''Trichodesma inaequale'' <small>Edgew</small>. * ''Trichodesma incanum'' <small>(Bunge) A.DC.</small> * ''Trichodesma indicum'' <small>(L.) Sm.</small> * ''Trichodesma khasianum'' <small>C.B.Clarke</small> * ''Trichodesma kumarianum'' <small>S.D.Yumkham, N.P.Devi, S.D.Khomdram & M.R.Devi</small> * ''Trichodesma laxiflorum'' <small>Balf.f.</small> * ''Trichodesma lithospermoides'' <small>Roem. & Schult.</small> * ''Trichodesma macrocarpum'' <small>Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.</small> * ''Trichodesma marsabiticum'' <small>Brummitt</small> * ''Trichodesma microcalyx'' <small>Balf.f.</small> * ''Trichodesma mudgalii'' <small>An.Kumar & K.K.Khann</small>a * ''Trichodesma paktiense'' <small>Sadat</small> * ''Trichodesma physaloides'' <small>(Fenzl) A.DC.</small> * ''Trichodesma podlechii'' <small>Sadat</small> * ''Trichodesma scottii'' <small>Balf.f.</small> * ''Trichodesma stocksii'' Boiss. * ''Trichodesma trichodesmoides'' <small>(Bunge) Gürke</small> * ''Trichodesma vanmeelii'' <small>Taton</small> * ''[[Trichodesma zeylanicum]]'' <small>(Burm.f.) R.Br.</small> === Karazana misy eto Madagasikara === Tsy ahitana afa-tsy karazana tokana ny eto [[Madagasikara]], dia ny ''Trichodesma zeylanicum'', izay avy any [[Aostralia]]. sady atao amin' ny [[Fiteny malagasy|teny malagasy]] hoe "lelanaomby"<ref><small>"[https://tenymalagasy.org/bins/teny2/lelanaomby?w=lelanaomby Lelanaomby]", ''tenymalagasy.org''</small></ref> any amin' ny faritra sakalava. == Loharano == fr4bhh04ppnce3ob49siuwjuq2kusma 0 302281 1152025 2026-10-17T11:13:37Z Thelezifor 15140 Zavamaniry samihafa mitovy anarana 1152025 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Starr 990105-2915 Buddleja madagascariensis.jpg|vignette|326x326px|''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'']] Ny '''seva''' dia zavamaniry samihafa ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Scrophulariaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Malpighiales]]) sy ''[[Violaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Lamiales]]): * ''[[Buddleja axillaris]]'' <small>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</small> (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- fanotrokotro, longolongo, remandrevoka, remiandrivohoka, seva, sevafotsy, sevagasy, sevalahy * ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'' <small>Lam.</small> (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- ramandravaka, seva, sevafotsy, sevalahy, toakaseva * ''[[Rinorea arborea]]'' f. ''occidentalis'' <small>H.Perrier</small> (''Violaceae'') -- hafopotsy, hazondimohivavy, seva, tandidiha, voakevo, voaseva == Ohabolana == * Aza manao [[Boloky|bolokilahy]] homam-boan-tseva: fy ny atsy, fy ny aroa. * Madio manatrika, fa vazi-miamboho toa ravin-tseva. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Buddleja]]'' * ''[[Rinorea]]'' * [[Sevalahy]]: ''[[Buddleja axillaris]]'' <small>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</small>; ''[[Buddleja fusca]]'' <small>Baker</small>; ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'' <small>Lam</small>. (''[[Scrophulariaceae]]''); ''[[Claoxylon bakerianum]]'' <small>Baill</small>. (''[[Euphorbiaceae]]''); ''[[Piptadenia pervillei]]'' <small>Vatke</small> (''[[Fabaceae]]''); ''[[Vitex betsiliensis]]'' <small>Humbert</small> (''[[Lamiaceae]]'') f6oulv3hcvd1oo31t4c3wbuv96fs60y 1152029 1152025 2026-10-17T11:37:15Z Thelezifor 15140 Jereo koa 1152029 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Sary:Starr 990105-2915 Buddleja madagascariensis.jpg|vignette|326x326px|''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'']] Ny '''seva''' dia zavamaniry samihafa ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Scrophulariaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Malpighiales]]) sy ''[[Violaceae]]'' (ao amin' ny filaharana [[Lamiales]]): * ''[[Buddleja axillaris]]'' <small>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</small> (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- fanotrokotro, longolongo, remandrevoka, remiandrivohoka, seva, sevafotsy, sevagasy, sevalahy * ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'' <small>Lam.</small> (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- ramandravaka, seva, sevafotsy, sevalahy, toakaseva * ''[[Rinorea arborea]]'' f. ''occidentalis'' <small>H.Perrier</small> (''Violaceae'') -- hafopotsy, hazondimohivavy, seva, tandidiha, voakevo, voaseva == Ohabolana == * Aza manao [[Boloky|bolokilahy]] homam-boan-tseva: fy ny atsy, fy ny aroa. * Madio manatrika, fa vazi-miamboho toa ravin-tseva. == Jereo koa == * ''[[Buddleja]]'' * ''[[Rinorea]]'' * [[Sevalahy]]: ''[[Buddleja axillaris]]'' <small>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</small>; ''[[Buddleja fusca]]'' <small>Baker</small>; ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'' <small>Lam</small>. (''[[Scrophulariaceae]]''); ''[[Entada pervillei]]'' <small>(Vatke)R.Vig.</small> (''Piptadenia pervillei'' <small>Vatke</small>) (''[[Fabaceae]]''); ''[[Lobanilia bakeriana]]'' <small>(Baill.) Radcl.-Sm.</small> (← ''Claoxylon bakerianum'' <small>Baill</small>.) (''[[Euphorbiaceae]]''); ''[[Vitex betsiliensis]]'' <small>Humbert</small> (''[[Lamiaceae]]'') 7hnf62kkv5we5rjd5bncq2jz0mo1va6 0 302282 1152027 2026-10-17T11:32:54Z Thelezifor 15140 Zavamaniry samihafa mitovy anarana 1152027 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''sevalahy''' dia zavamaniry samihafa ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Euphorbiaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Malpighiales]]), ''[[Fabaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Fabales]]), ''[[Lamiaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Lamiales]]) ary ''[[Scrophulariaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Lamiales]]): * ''[[Buddleja axillaris]]'' <small>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</small> (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- fanotrokotro, longolongo, remandrevoka, remiandrivohoka, seva, sevafotsy, sevagasy, sevalahy * ''[[Buddleja fusca]]'' <small>Baker</small>; (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- langalongo, longolongo, sefa, sevalahy * ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'' <small>Lam</small>. (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- ramandravaka, seva, sevafotsy, sevalahy, toaka seva * ''[[Entada pervillei]]'' <small>(Vatke)R.Vig.</small> (''[[Piptadenia pervillei]]'' <small>Vatke</small>) (''Fabaceae'') -- fanampongo, hintsohintsona, sambalahirano, sevalahy * ''[[Lobanilia bakeriana]]'' <small>(Baill.) Radcl.-Sm.</small> (← ''Claoxylon bakerianum'' <small>Baill</small>.) (''Euphorbiaceae'') -- sevalahy, sitraefavoa * ''[[Vitex betsiliensis]]'' <small>Humbert</small> (''Lamiaceae'') -- haronganala, lambinana, sevalahy, sevambato == Jereo koa == * ''[[Buddleja]]'' * ''[[Claoxylon]]'' * ''[[Piptadenia]]'' * ''[[Vitex]]'' * [[Seva (zavamaniry)]]: ''[[Buddleja axillaris]]'' <small>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</small>; ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'' <small>Lam.</small> (''[[Scrophulariaceae]]''); ''[[Rinorea arborea]]'' f. ''occidentalis'' <small>H.Perrier</small> (''[[Violaceae]]'') euozckf2qyctv5n9p4kozx22eofa3rt 1152030 1152027 2026-10-17T11:38:40Z Thelezifor 15140 Jereo koa 1152030 wikitext text/x-wiki Ny '''sevalahy''' dia zavamaniry samihafa ao amin' ny fianakaviana ''[[Euphorbiaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Malpighiales]]), ''[[Fabaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Fabales]]), ''[[Lamiaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Lamiales]]) ary ''[[Scrophulariaceae]]'' (filaharana [[Lamiales]]): * ''[[Buddleja axillaris]]'' <small>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</small> (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- fanotrokotro, longolongo, remandrevoka, remiandrivohoka, seva, sevafotsy, sevagasy, sevalahy * ''[[Buddleja fusca]]'' <small>Baker</small>; (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- langalongo, longolongo, sefa, sevalahy * ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'' <small>Lam</small>. (''Scrophulariaceae'') -- ramandravaka, seva, sevafotsy, sevalahy, toaka seva * ''[[Entada pervillei]]'' <small>(Vatke)R.Vig.</small> (''[[Piptadenia pervillei]]'' <small>Vatke</small>) (''Fabaceae'') -- fanampongo, hintsohintsona, sambalahirano, sevalahy * ''[[Lobanilia bakeriana]]'' <small>(Baill.) Radcl.-Sm.</small> (← ''Claoxylon bakerianum'' <small>Baill</small>.) (''Euphorbiaceae'') -- sevalahy, sitraefavoa * ''[[Vitex betsiliensis]]'' <small>Humbert</small> (''Lamiaceae'') -- haronganala, lambinana, sevalahy, sevambato == Jereo koa == * ''[[Buddleja]]'' * ''[[Claoxylon]]'' * ''[[Entada]]'' * ''[[Lobanilia]]'' * ''[[Piptadenia]]'' * ''[[Vitex]]'' * [[Seva (zavamaniry)]]: ''[[Buddleja axillaris]]'' <small>Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.</small>; ''[[Buddleja madagascariensis]]'' <small>Lam.</small> (''[[Scrophulariaceae]]''); ''[[Rinorea arborea]]'' f. ''occidentalis'' <small>H.Perrier</small> (''[[Violaceae]]'') qgnqzi634tosnzw633yrbs1g1ebgw5p