Wikipedia minwiki https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laman_Utamo MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.3 first-letter Media Istimewa Rundiang Pangguno Rundiang Pangguno Wikipedia Rundiang Wikipedia Berkas Rundiang Berkas MediaWiki Rundiang MediaWiki Templat Rundiang Templat Bantuan Rundiang Bantuan Kategori Rundiang Kategori Portal Diskusi Portal TimedText TimedText talk Modul Rundiang Modul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 0 421 3346838 3183998 2026-05-21T14:08:28Z Rafqypedia 22794 UPDATE 3346838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Country |native_name = جمهورية مصر العربية {{br}}Jumhūriyyat Miṣr al-’Arabiyyah |common_name = Masia |image_flag = Flag of Egypt.svg |image_coat = Coat of arms of Egypt (Official).svg |image_map = LocationEgypt.png |national_motto = |national_anthem = [[Biladi, Biladi, Biladi]] |official_languages = [[Bahaso Arab|Arab]] |capital = [[Kairo]] |capitals_coordinates = <small>{{coor dm id|30|2|N|31|13|E||LU|BT}}</small> |largest_city = [[Kairo]] |government_type = [[Republik]] |leader_title1 = [[Presiden Mesir|Presiden]] |leader_title2 = [[Pardano Mantari Mesir|Pardano Mantari]] |leader_name1 = [[Abdul Fattah as-Sisi]] |leader_name2 = [[Moustafa Madbouly]] |area_rank = 30 |area_magnitude = |area = 997.739 |percent_water = 0,6% |population_estimate = 77.505.756 |population_estimate_year = 2005 |population_estimate_rank = 15 |population_census =76.117.420 |population_census_year =2004 |population_density = 77 |population_density_rank = 93 |GDP_PPP_year = 2005 |GDP_PPP = US$282,3 miliar |GDP_PPP_rank = 31 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = US$1.350 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 115 |sovereignty_type = [[Kemerdekaan]] |sovereignty_note = Dari [[Baritania Rayo]] |established_event1 = Disatujui |established_event2 = Deklarasi |established_date1 = [[28 Pebruari]] [[1922]] |established_date2 = [[18 Juni]] [[1953]] |currency = [[Pound Mesir|Pound]] |currency_code = EGP |time_zone = |utc_offset = +2 |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = +2 |cctld = .eg |calling_code = 20 |footnotes = }} '''Republik Arab Mesir''' ({{lang-ar|''' مصر'''}}) nan biasonyo tanamo juo jo '''Mesir''', adolah nagara nan wilayahnyo talatak di [[Afrika]] bagian timur lauik. Mayoritas panduduaknyo manatap di pinggia [[Sungai]] [[Nil]]. Sabagian gadang daratannyo marupoan bagian dari [[Gurun]] [[Sahara]] nan jarang dihuni. Di Mesir, ado monumen-monumen kuno nan paliang megah di dunia, misalnyo [[Piramid Giza]], Kuil Karnak jo Kuil Ramses. Kiniko, Mesir diakui sacaro laweh sabagai pusek budayo jo politik utamo di wilayah Arab jo [[Timur Tangah]]. == Caliak pulo == {{Portal|Mesir}} * [[Masia Kuno|Mesir Kuno]] {{Afrika}} {{Asia}} [[Kategori:Nagara di Afrika]] [[Kategori:Nagara di Asia]] [[Kategori:Mesir| ]] lzrsrp5nx99tj4q92i822jpzrluqzi4 0 44911 3346850 96912 2026-05-22T11:46:31Z Kwamikagami 1790 3346850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{DISPLAYTITLE:(24978) 1998 HJ₁₅₁}} {{Infobox Planet | minorplanet = yes | width = 25em | bgcolour = | apsis = | name = (24978) 1998 HJ₁₅₁ | symbol = | image = | caption = | discovery = yes | discovery_ref = | discoverer =J. X. Luu; C. A. Trujillo; D. J. Tholen; D. C. Jewitt | discovery_site =568 | discovered = 1998/04/28 | designations = yes | mp_name = | alt_names = | mp_category = | orbit_ref = | epoch = | aphelion =45.335 | perihelion =41.068 | semimajor =43.201 | eccentricity =0.049 | period = | avg_speed = | inclination =2.4 | asc_node =50.4 | mean_anomaly =71.5 | arg_peri =123.2 | satellites = | physical_characteristics = yes | dimensions = | mass = | density = | surface_grav = | escape_velocity = | sidereal_day = | axial_tilt = | pole_ecliptic_lat = | pole_ecliptic_lon = | albedo = | temperatures= | temp_name1 = | mean_temp_1 = | max_temp_1 = | temp_name2 = | max_temp_2 = | spectral_type = | abs_magnitude =7.5 }} '''(24978) 1998 HJ₁₅₁''' adolah sabuah [[objek Transneptunus]]. Saroman objek Transneptunus pado umumnyo, objek ko mangorbit Matoari dari jarak nan labiah jauah dari planet [[Neptunus]]. [[Eksentrisitas orbit]] asteroid ko tacatat sagadang 0.049, samantaro [[magnitudo mutlak]]nyo adolah 7.5. == Rujuakan == * [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/t_tnos.html Daftar Objek Transneptunus] - The International Astronomical Union Minor Planet Center *{{cite journal|last=Remo|first=John L.|title=Classifying Solid Planetary Bodies|year=2007|journal=AIP Conference Proceedings|volume=886|pages=284–302|bibcode=2007AIPC..886..284R|doi=10.1063/1.2710063}} [[Kategori:Objek Transneptunus]] {{stub}} ka2yhmex80v25hx9u0l2lsru4hbjrey 0 323309 3346844 3345740 2026-05-22T04:45:26Z Afdhal Sy 20915 /* Single */ 3346844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox urang}} '''Rayola''' atau Yola Aurelia Laksmi ({{lahirmati|[[Padang]]|31|3|1996}}) adolah penyanyi [[Indonesia]] nan populer jo lagu bahaso Minang.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://bukittinggiku.com/4-penyanyi-minang-paling-cantik-no-3-katanya-mirip-raisa-loh/|title=4 Penyanyi Minang Paling Cantik, No.3 Katanya Mirip Raisa Loh!|last=bukittinggiku|date=2017-07-10|website=bukittinggiku.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-19}}</ref> Rayola marupoan anak kanduang dari ayahnyo banamo Doni Kalimata, dan ibunyo banamo Rina Hendriani, dan dia marupoan anak katigo dari ampek basaudara, berikut namo saudaranyo, yaitu Yoga Pradana (Kakak), Yogi Pradipta (Kakak), Fanessa Allyah Rasya (adiak).<ref name=":1">https://www.harianhaluan.com/news/detail/85697/jadi-saksi-pernikahan-rayola-ini-kata-wagub-sumbar. Diakses pada 04-01-2024</ref> Inyo labiah populer jo lagu [[Minang]]. Lagunyo nan populer antaro lain “Hanyo Punyo Cinto”.<ref name=":0" /> Lagu baru “Rantau Den Pajauah” nan dinyanyikan basamo [[Ipank]] juo turuik sukses.<ref name=":0" /> Rayola barado dibawah naungan label, yaitu Elta Record, Ry Production, Agri'e Production, Sangsaka Production, Leprin Production, Ragel Production, Banda 10 Record. = Pendidikan = Rayola manampuah pendidikannyo di Kota Padang mulai dari bangku Sekolah Dasar (SD), Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP), dan terakhir manamaik-an pendidikan di bangku Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan, yaitu di SMK Kosgoro Padang. Salapeh SMK, Rayola indak malanjuik-an sakolah ka janjang yang labiah tinggi, yaitu ka bangku perguruan tinggi, karano aktif dalam bidang bamusik atau manjadi penyanyi yang lah diimpikannyo atau yang manjadi cita-citanyo sajak ketek.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newshanter.com/empat-tahun-bekarir-didunia-tarik-suara-rayola-bakal-rilis-ambum-lagu-minang-ke-8/|title=Empat Tahun Bekariel Didunia Tarik Suara, Rayola Bakal Rilis Album Lagu Minang ke 8|last=Nho|first=Zp|date=2016-09-15|website=News Hunter|language=id|access-date=2024-01-05}}</ref> == Karir == Rayola alah mulai manyanyi sajak inyo ketek.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pekanbaru.tribunnews.com/2019/09/06/artis-pop-minang-rayola-tampil-bernyanyi-hingga-ke-malaysia-dari-kecil-sering-ikut-lomba|title=Artis Pop Minang Rayola Tampil Bernyanyi Hingga ke Malaysia, dari Kecil Sering Ikut Lomba|website=Tribun Pekanbaru|language=id-ID|access-date=2019-12-21}}</ref> Wakatu inyo umua 7 tahun, inyo alah baraja bamusik jo banyanyo di Bina Vocalia "Sari Musik". Sudah tu, inyo acok ikuik lomba-lomba manyanyi. Rayola ikuik audisi, festival atau lomba-lomba solo song dari semua tingkek, baik di tingkek anak-anak, remaja dan juga tingkek umum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribunnews.com/seleb/2019/09/06/penyanyi-wanita-asal-minang-ini-menyanyi-hingga-ke-malaysia|title=Penyanyi Wanita Asal Minang ini Menyanyi hingga ke Malaysia|date=2024-01-05|website=Tribunnews.com|language=id-ID|access-date=2024-01-05}}</ref> Rayola mulai rekaman sangkek kelas 1 SMEA 2 Padang, di umuanyo 17 tahun, Di album partamonyo, lagu "Hanyo Punyo Cinto" langsuang disuko masyarakaik. Sampai kini Rayola alah punyo sabaleh album bahkan alah manyanyi sampai ka Malaysia. = Pernikahan = Rayola manikah dengan Rifa Rizkianto pado 1 Februari 2020 di Gedung Dt. Rangkayo Basa, Kota Padang. Wakil Gubernur Sumbar, Nasrul Abit, manjadi saksi dalam acara sakral tersebut.<ref name=":1" /> Dan dari pernikahan tersebut, Rayola dikaruniai ciek anak padusi yang banamo Afsheena Raifa. = Prestasi = Bakat manyanyi Rayola sendiri alah taliek saat dirinyo masih duduak di bangku Sekolah Dasar atau SD. Berikut dibawah ini adolah beberapa lomba atau festival yang pernah di ikuik-an dek Rayola: * Ajang perlombaan2/Festival2 Pop Minang dan Pop Indo se Sumatra Barat tingkat Anak-anak, Remaja maupun Tingkat Umum. * Juara Umum lomba lagu minang "FENY HARISON" Lubuk basung Se-SUMBAR * Juara I Lomba Lagu minang Favorit "FENY HARISON" Lubuk Basung * Juara II lomba pop di HBT/WHBT * Juara I BINTANG IDOLA CILIK Padang Fair 2008 * Juara Favorit Wanita Festival Lagu Minang Se-Kodya Padang Di RIMBO DATAR 2002 * Juara II lomba Solo song Tingkat SD kelas I-III Bazar ST.Yusuf * Pernah Mengikuti Audisi Idola Cilik kelas 4 SD masuk 46 besar * Pernah Mengikuti Audisi Afi Junior kelas 5 SD masuk 60 besar = Diskografi = ===== Album ===== * ''Hanyo Punyo Cinto'' (2012) * ''Takana Kasiah Di Pakanbaru'' (2013) * ''Cinto Tak Sampai'' (2013) * ''Rindukan Ayah'' (2014) * ''Manikam Jajak'' (2014) * ''Basandiang Bukan Jo Cinto'' (2016) * ''Luko Batahan Surang'' (2016) * ''Cinto Hanyo Di Denai'' (2017) * ''Singgalang Jaya'' (2018) * ''Tadayo Gurauan Sayang'' (2019) ===== Single ===== * "Aku Masih Tegar" (2017) * "Nirwana" (2017) * "Purcaya Do Au" (2019) * "Manyapai Ho" (2019) * "Korban Harapan" (2019) * "Cinto Paubek Luko" (2021) * "Usah Dikana Kana" (2021) * "Bansaik Parintang Sayang" (2022) * "Cincin Cinto" (2022) * "Dalam Harok Batinggakan" (2022) * "Duo Hati Satu Cinto" (2022) * "Harato Bukan Ukuran Cinto" (2022) * "Baharok Cahayo Bintang" (2022) * "Layia Takambang Suruik Bapantang" (2022) * "Aku Tak Seindah Rembulan" (2022) * "Cinto Lain Pilihan" (2022) * "Cinto Sapasukuan" (2022) * "Cinto Sataguah Karang" (2022) * "Luko" (2022) * "Medley Padiah Ditusuak Cinto, Pakasiah Tak Baramuan, Malam Panantian, Bariangnyo Luko" (2022) * "Medley Pulanglah Uda & Rindu Disayang Uda" (2022) * "Indak Ado Nan Lain" (2022) * "Luko Baukia Jo Sambilu" (2022) * "Rindu Semakin Dalam" (2022) * "Doa Restu" (2022) * "Galau Hati Ibo" (2022) * "Lah Manyuruak Tampak Juo" (2022) * "Luko Indak Dibaok Pulang" (2022) * "Sio Sio Harok Mananti" (2022) * "Denai Teseso" (2022) * "Cinto Manyeso Badan" (2022) * "Tuneh Lah Patah" (2022) * "Haram Babaliak Sayang" (2022) * "Kandak Rang Tuo" (2022) * "Jodoh Indak Di Tangan Kito" (2022) * "Lupo Diri Dalam Ganggaman" (2022) * "Kawan Sairiang Urang Katigo" (2022) * "Cinto Untuak Salamonyo" (2022) * "Mauik Pamisah Cinto" (2022) * "Rinai Pun Jadi Juo" (2022) * "Batahun Di Rantau" (2022) * "Rilakan Denai" (2023) * "Pergilah Kenangan" (2023) * "Lah Sayang Mangko Tabuang" (2023) * "Cinto Satangah Hati" (2023) * "Gamang Manaruah Sayang" (2023) * "Janji Ka Janji Nanti Ka Nanti" (2023) * "Hadirmu Membuat Terlukan" (2023) * "Urang Minang" (2023) * "Sio Sio Manaruah Sayang" (2023) * "Barayo Di Kampuang" (2023) * "Uda Salah Urang" (2023) * "Salah Bataruah Cinto" (2023) * "Indak Mungkin Kasiah Baulang" (2023) * "Salah Aku Percaya" (2023) * "Usah Dikana Kana 2" (2023) * "Hati Bamintak Jantuang Bapulangkan" (2023) * "Taraso Lai Takato Tido" (2023) * "Berakhir Sampai Disini" (2023) * "Merak Bakahueni" (2023) * "Pai Jo Rang Barado" (2023) * "Anggan Barupo Talak" (2023) * "Racun Den Sangko Madu" (2023) * "Katonyo Kawan Nyatonyo Sayang" (2023) * "Ubek Panawa Luko" (2023) * "Sapayuang Rindu" (2023) * "Sasalan Tibo Di Ujuang Luko (2023) * "Cimburu Tandonyo Sayang" (2023) * "Talarai" (2023) * "Hilang Baganti Buruak Batuka" (2023) * "Kahilangan" (2023) * "Si Malang Jo SI Mujua" (2023) * "Kandak Dapek Jaso Talupo" (2023) * "Mungkin Indak Kasalamonyo" (2023) * "Kasiah Dibateh Seso" (2023) * "Kalah Cinto Dek Harato" (2023) * "Adiak Urang Nan Den Cinto" (2023) * "Batapuak Sabalah Tangan" (2023) * "Harok Cinto Taulang" (2024) * "Usah Bajambo Tangan" (2024) * "Bareh Solok" (2024) * "Mande Nan Denai Sayang" (2024) * "Cinto Indak Sapadan" (2024) * "Rintangan Pasti Kito Hadang" (2024) * "Mananti Janji Ka Janji" (2024) * "Raso Sayang Babaleh Jo Padiah" (2024) * "Sakik Janjian Mungkia" (2024) * "Padiah Taluko" (2024) * "Salah Malabuahkan Cinto" (2024) * "Manyasa" (2024) * "Mandandam Hati" (2024) * "Isak Marindu" (2024) * "Latiah Manjago Hati" (2024) * "Simalakamo Cinto" (2024) * "Sahujan Indak Sarinai" (2024) * "Rindu Indak Babaleh" (2024) * "Bajodoh Tapi Tak Cinto" (2024) * "Dilua Galak Didalam Manangih" (2024) * "Cangguang" (2024) * "Buruak Parangai" (2024) * "Manikam Dalam Galak" (2024) * "Taguriah Mambari Tangih" (2024) * "Malu Nan Uda Bari" (2024) * "Lupo Paneh Dek Hujan Sadarok" (2024) * "Harok Bulan Nan Tarang" (2024) * "Talambek Pulang" (2024) * "Mandeh Ka Ganti Ayah" (2024) * "Sumpah Mainan Bibia" (2024) * "Indak Ka Diganti Ganti" (2024) * "Luko Ditingga Kawin" (2024) * "Tadayo Tipuan Manjo" (2024) * "Pai Indak Ka Babaliak" (2024) * "Sayang Di Urang" (2024) * "Cinto Sairiang Jalan" (2024) * "Biakan Denai Sanang" (2025) * "Cinto Suci Badutoi" (2025) * "Malapeh Hao" (2025) * "Salah Manimbang" (2025) * "Usah Denai Uda Salahkan" (2025) * "Angok DImato Uda" (2025) * "Kito Indak Sabilang" (2025) * "Tingga Jo Tangih" (2025) * "Rindu Sabateh Anggan" (2025) * "Takuik Taluko" (2025) * "Bagaluik Jo Parasaian" (2025) * "Aia Raso Baduri" (2025) * "Biakan Denai Surang" (2025) * "Maulang Sayang" (2025) * "Barek Malapeh Cinto" (2025) * "Saba Dalam Panantian" (2025) * "Hinggo Rambuik Mamutiah" (2025) * "Bialah Maurak Janji" (2025) * "Kaco Indak Kajadi Mutiara" (2025) * "Darah Taraso Baku" (2025) * "Manikam Dari Balakang" (2025) * "Kasiah Habih Sayang Tak Hilang" (2025) * "Tampek Jatuah Ka Dikana" (2026) * "Habih Tiado Basiso" (2026) * "Usah Dibandiang Bandiangkan" (2026) == Rujuakan == <references /> [[Kategori:Panyanyi Minangkabau]] == Pautan lua == {{Instagram|rayolaksmi}} njq7pwjvhb1u4keyatmzqfhd0mozyht 0 338446 3346846 3346829 2026-05-22T07:01:30Z ~2026-30609-69 23995 /* Afiliasi Internasional */ 3346846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{redirect|UGM}} {{Infobox Universitas | name = {{big|Universitas Gadjah Mada}} | native_name = {{jav|ꦈꦤꦶꦮ꦳ꦼꦂꦱꦶꦠꦱ꧀​ꦒꦗꦃ​ꦩꦢ}} | other_name = UGM | latin_name = | image = Gedung Grha Sabha Pramana (GSP).jpg | caption = Gedung Grha Sabha Pramana (GSP) UGM | motto = ''Mengakar Kuat'', ''Menjulang Tinggi'' | mottoeng = ''Locally Rooted'', ''Globally Respected'' | established = 19 Desember 1949 | type = [[Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Badan Hukum]] | rector = Ova Emilia | location = [[Caturtunggal, Depok, Sleman|Bulaksumur, Caturtunggal]], [[Depok, Sleman|Depok]], [[Sleman]], [[Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta]], [[Indonesia]] | telephone = +62 (274) 6492599 | academic_staff = 4.468 (2018)<ref name=ugminnumber>{{cite web|title=UGM in Numbers|url=https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/h6E2UMHJbag5sYA/download|year=2018|website=Universitas Gadjah Mada|accessdate=}}</ref> | administrative_staff = | students = 62.027 (2018)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Statistik Pendidikan Tinggi Indonesia 202018.pdf|url=https://pddikti.ristekdikti.go.id/asset/data/publikasi/Statistik%20Pendidikan%20Tinggi%20Indonesia%202018.pdf|access-date=|archive-date=2020-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301174815/https://pddikti.ristekdikti.go.id/asset/data/publikasi/Statistik%2520Pendidikan%2520Tinggi%2520Indonesia%25202018.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> | undergrad = 32.195 (2018) | postgrad = 13.042 (2018) | doctoral = 2.693 (2018) | city = | campus = [[Kawasan perkotaan|Urban]], 3,57 kilometer persegi (357 hektar) | colors = Khaki muda {{color box|#F0E68C}} | nickname = UGM, GAMA, Kampus Pancasila, Universitas Nasional, Universitas Pusat Kebudayaan, Balai Pendidikan Nasional, Kampus Perjuangan, Kampus Kerakyatan, Kampus Biru, | affiliations = ABET, U 21, ASIIN, IChemE, RSC, FIBAA, RCVS, AUN QA, IABEE, WQA, KAAB, WFME, IMIA, AACSB Accredited, FUIW, IAAHEH, BAN PT<ref>{{cite web|title=Members - ASEA-UNINET|url=http://asea-uninet.org/index.php?seite=13.members|publisher=ASEA-UNINET Universities|accessdate=}}</ref> | website = {{URL|http://www.ugm.ac.id}} | coordinates = {{Coord|-7.7713847|110.3774998|type:edu_region:ID_dim:2000|display=title}} | logo = | footnotes = }} '''Universitas Gadjah Mada''' ([[Aksara Jawa|Hanacaraka]]: ꦈꦤꦶꦥ꦳ꦼꦂꦱꦶꦠꦱ꧀ꦒꦗꦃꦩꦢ; disingkek '''UGM''') marupoan [[universitas]] negeri di [[Indonesia]] nan didirikan dek [[Pemerintah Republik Indonesia|Pamarintah Republik Indonesia]] pado tanggal [[19 Desember]] [[1949]] badasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 23 Tahun 1949 tantang Paraturan Tantang Panggabungan Parguruan Tinggi Manjadi Universiteit tanggal 16 Desember 1949. Kampus nan talatak di [[Depok, Sleman|Kecamatan Depok]], [[Kabupaten Sleman]], [[Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta]] ko marupokan [[universitas]] partamo nan didirikan dek [[Pemerintah Republik Indonesia|Pamarintah Republik Indonesia]] sasudah Indonesia mardeka. Katiko didirikan, Universitas Gadjah Mada hanyo mamiliki anam [[fakultas]], tetapi kini alah punyo 18 [[fakultas]] jo duo sakolah yaitu Sakolah Vokasi jo Sakolah Pascasarjana (daulu banamo Program Pascasarjana), sarato labiah dari 100 Program Studi untuak [[S2]], [[S3]], jo [[Spesialis]]. Sabagian gadang fakultas dalam lingkungan Universitas Gadjah Mada tadiri dari babarapo jurusan/bagian jo atau program studi. Kagiatan Universitas Gadjah Mada dituangkan dalam bantuak Tri Dharma Paguruan Tinggi nan terdiri dari [[Pendidikan|pandidikan]] jo [[Pengajaran|pangajaran]], [[Penelitian|panalitian]], jo [[Pengabdian|pangabdian]] masyarakat. == Akademik == === Pusat studi === UGM punyo 29 Pusat Studi nan tugas utamo nyo mkagiatan panalitian untuak mandukuang kagiatan pandidikan jo pangabdian masarakaik. Pusat-pusat studi tu adolah: {{Col|3}} * PS Sumber Daya Lahan. * PS Kependudukan dan Kebijakan * PS Pedesaan dan Kawasan * PS Transportasi dan Logistik * PS Keamanan dan Perdamaian * PS Bencana * PS Pariwisata * PS Ilmu Teknik * PS Jerman * PS Korea * PS Pangan dan Gizi * PS Farmakologi Klinik dan Kebijakan Obat * PS Sosial Asia Tenggara * PS Lingkungan Hidup * PS Pancasila * PS Wanita * PS Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik * PS Perencanaan Pembangunan Regional * PS Bioteknologi * PS Ekonomi Kerakyatan * PS Sumberdaya dan Teknologi Kelautan * PS Pengendalian Hayati * PS Kebudayaan * PS Asia Pasifik * Pusat Studi Industri Farmasi & Teknologi Kesehatan * PS Jepang * PS Argoekologi * PS Energi * PS Perdagangan Dunia {{EndDiv}} ==Afiliasi Internasional== * International Association of Universities (IAU-UNESCO) * Jardine Foundation Scholarship for Postgraduate Studies at University of Oxford and University of Cambridge * Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization (SEAMEO) * The ASEAN European Academic University Network (ASEA-UNINET) * Association of Southeast Asian Institutions of Higher Learning (ASAIHL) * The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, Inc. (ABET) * Akkreditierungsagentur für Studiengänge der Ingenieurwissenschaften, der Informatik, der Naturwissenschaften und der Mathematik (ASIIN) * The Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE) * Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) * Royal College of Veterinary Surgeon (RCVS accredited) * The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, (AACSB Accredited) * Indonesian Accreditation Board for Engineering Education (IABEE) * Korea Architectural Accrediting Board (KAAB) * Indonesian Accreditation Agency for Higher Education in Health (IAAHEH). * International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA accredited) * Worldwide Quality Assurance (WQA) * Partnership in science & technology ETH Zurich-UCL-Imperial College London-King's College London-Glasgow University-Bristol University, Kyoto University-Seoul National University-Copenhagen University, Denmark-Karolinska Institute, Sweden-Lund University, Sweden- University of Barcelona, Spain-University of Vienna-University of Helsinki-Sapienza University of Rome-University of Malaya-University of Auckland-UGM * International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) * Non-Aligned Movement-Center of South-South Technical Cooperation (NAM CSSTC) * Institute of Governance and Public Affairs (IGPA) * The Australia-Indonesia Centre (AIC) * Towards A New Age of Partnership (TANAP), Universiteit Leiden-UGM * Knowledge Sector Initiative (KSI)-partner * The Asian Academy for Heritage Management (UNESCO-ICCROM) * Asian Consortium for Political Research (ACPR) * Germany-Indonesian, Geo-Campus in Indonesia for Competence in Education and Research for Organizations, RWTH Aachen-UGM (Get-In CICERO) * Center for Indigenous & Cultural Psychology (CICP) * International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHEER) * The ASEAN International Mobility for Students (AIMS) * Association Franco-Indonésienne pour le Développement des Sciences (AFIDES) * Consortium Eindhoven University of Technology / TU/e (The Netherlands) 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Technology UCLA-TU Munich-LMU Munich-EPFL-Sheffield University-Durham University-Illinois University at Urbana Champaign-Pennsylvania University (The Wharton School)-Georgia Institute of Technology-Tokyo Institute of Technology-Duke University-University of Washington at Seattle, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor-McGill University-Universite' de Sorbonne-National University of Singapore-Nanyang Technological University-University of Tsinghua-Taiwan National University-University of Zurich-Moscow State University- UGM * Asian Population Association (APA). * Global Geothermal Courses/International Geothermal Association, Bonn, Germany * International Consortium on Geo-disaster Reduction (ICGdR) * Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI), UK * Maritime Security Consortium (MSC) * The South East Asia Infectious Disease Clinical Research Network (SEAICRN) * The Institute for Training and Technical Cooperation (ITTC), WTO * Partnership Delft University of Technology/TU Delft-ITB, UGM, UI * Association for Asian Constitutional Studies (AACS) * The International Master in Security, Intelligence and Strategic Studies (IMSISS) * AVEVA partnership, Cambridge University-UGM * World Mosquito Program (WMP), Monash University-UGM * The University of Tokyo Research Internship Program (UTRIP) * The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC), UK * Southeast Asian Mathematical Society (SEAMS). * OEX Partner, Monash University-UGM * Partnership in science & technology Universite' de Paris Sciences et Lettres'-Universite' de Paris-Universite' de Paris Saclay-Universite' de Claude Bernard Lyon 1-Universite' de Bordeaux-Universite' de Lorraine-Sciences Po-Universite' de Grenoble Alpes-École Polytechnique-École Normale Supérieure, French-UGM * International Academic Association on Planning, Law, and Property Rights (PLPR) * Consortium Natural Resources and Development (CNRD), * Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (TUFS) * The Future Research Talent (FRT) ANU-UGM * South East Asian Technical University Consortium (SEATUC) * The Asia-Pacific Law Deans’ Forum * International Strategy and Partnerships, ANU-UGM * ASEAN University Network-Kyoto University Committee * Partnership in medicine, health & clinical sciences Johns Hopkins University-Toronto University-RIKEN Japan-Universiteit van Amsterdam, Universiteit Utrecht-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam-Sydney University-Monash University-Melbourne University-Universitat Tubingen-Universite' de Montpellier-UGM * The International Conference on Nusantara Philosophy (ICNP) * The Center for Religious and Cross-cultural Studies (CRCS} * The Indonesian Consortium for Religious Studies (ICRS) * The Indonesia-Australia Human Flourishing Center == Rujuakan == <references /> [[Kategori:Paguruan tinggi di Indonesia]] lyyll6xxgcqozronyyh5caszyyw3t1b 0 385901 3346842 2500321 2026-05-21T23:22:21Z InternetArchiveBot 12718 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3346842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox river|name=Sungai Musi <br> ''Sungi Musi'' سوڠي موسي <br>''Bioa Musêi''|image=South Sumatra, Palembang, Ampera bridge.jpg|image_size=|image_caption=Sungai Musi dengan Jembatan Ampera|pushpin_map=Indonesia Sumatra#Indonesia|pushpin_map_caption=Lokasi muara|source1=[[Pegunungan Bukit Barisan]]|source1_location=[[Bukit Kelam]],<ref name="Kompas.id">{{cite web |last1= Widiantoro |first1=Wisnu |last2=J. P. |first2=Slamet |title=Jelajah Musi 2010: Susahnya Mencari Titik Hulu Musi |url=https://jelajah.kompas.id/jelajah-musi-2010/baca/jelajah-musi-2010-susahnya-mencari-titik-hulu-musi/ |website=Kompas.id |date=8 Mret 2010 |access-date= 5 Desember 2021}}</ref> [[Kabupaten Rejang Lebong]]|mouth=[[Selat Bangka]], [[Laut China Selatan]]|mouth_location=Kota Sungsang|subdivision_type1=[[Negara]]|subdivision_name1={{flag|Indonesia}}|state=[[Sumatra Selatan]]|length={{cvt|720|km}}|source1_elevation=|width_avg=<!-- {{cvt|5.58|m}}-->|watershed={{cvt|30000|km2}}|basin_size={{cvt|402|km2}}|basin_population=<!--1,346,520 (2015)-->|lat_d=-2.34308|long_d=104.91773|timezone_label=Asia/Jakarta|utc_offset=+7|timezone=[[Waktu Indonesia Barat|WIB]]|geonames=1634647}}'''Sungai Musi''', juo dikenal sebagai '''''Sungi Musi''''' ([[Aksara Palembang|Jawi]]: '''''سوڠي موسي''''') dalam [[bahasa Melayu Palembang|bahaso Melayu Palembang]] atau '''''Bioa Musêi''''' ('''''Bioa Musai''''') dalam [[bahasa Rejang]],{{sfn|Handayani|2014|pp=33, 51, 64, 98}} adolah sabuah [[sungai]] lintas provinsi, nan maaliri wilayah provinsi [[Bengkulu]] dan [[Sumatra Selatan]], [[Indonesia]].<ref>[http://www.geonames.org/1634647/air%20musi.html Air Musi] - Geonames.org.</ref> Dengan panjang 720&nbsp;km,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jelajah.kompas.id/jelajah-musi-2010/baca/jelajah-musi-2010-selalu-banjir-tetapi-masih-sepenting-dulu/|title=Jelajah Musi 2010: Selalu Banjir, tetapi Masih Sepenting Dulu|date=8 Maret 2010|website=Kompas.id|access-date=5 Desember 2021|author=Tim Ekspedisi Jelajah Musi 2010}}</ref> indak jauah dari muaronyo di Selat Bangka, sungai iko mambalah [[Kota Palembang]] manjadi duo bagian, Ilir dan Ulu. Kadua bagian itu dihubungkan oleh [[Jembatan Ampera]] nan marupokan ikon Palembang dan tiga jambatan lainnyo. Sajak jaman [[Sriwijaya|Kerajaan Sriwijaya]] sampai kini, sungai iko terkenal sebagai sarana transportasi utamo bagi [[masyarakat]]. == Geografi == Sungai musi iko mengalir di bagian [[selatan]] pulau [[Sumatra]] nan ber[[iklim hutan hujan tropis]] (kode: ''Af'' menurut [[klasifikasi iklim Köppen-Geiger]]).<ref name="koppen">{{Cite journal|last1=Peel|first1=M C|last2=Finlayson|first2=B L|last3=McMahon|first3=T A|date=<!-- 01/30/2016-->|year=2007|title=Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification|url=http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html|journal=Hydrology and Earth System Sciences|volume=11|pages=1633-1644|doi=10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007|access-date=30 January 2016|16=|archive-date=10 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210144308/http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Suhu rato-rato satahun sekitar 24&nbsp;°C. Bulan paliang angek adolah [[Juli]], dengan suhu rato-rato 26&nbsp;°C, dan paliang dingin di bulan [[Februari]], sekitar 23&nbsp;°C.<ref name="nasa">{{Cite web|url=http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php|title=NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index|date=30 January 2016|publisher=NASA|access-date=30 May 2022|archive-date=6 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806035941/http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Curah hujan rato-rato tahunan adaoah 2579&nbsp;mm. Bulan dengan curah hujan paliang tinggi adolah [[April]], dengan rata-rata 344&nbsp;mm, dan yang terendah [[September]], rata-rata 99&nbsp;mm.<ref name="nasarain">{{Cite web|url=http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M&year=2014|title=NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month - TRMM)|date=30 January 2016|publisher=NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission|access-date=30 May 2022|archive-date=11 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511075534/https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M|dead-url=yes}}</ref> === Ulu sungai === Hulu Sungai Musi talatak di Bukit Kelam, sekitar 15 kilometer dari [[Curup, Rejang Lebong|Curup]], ibu kota [[Kabupaten Rejang Lebong]], Provinsi Bengkulu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://katalog.limnologi.lipi.go.id/index.php?p=show_detail&id=1321&keywords= |title=Perpustakaan Digital Limnologi |access-date=2022-05-30 |archive-date=2022-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622031127/http://katalog.limnologi.lipi.go.id/index.php?p=show_detail&id=1321&keywords= |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name="Kompas.id" /> Air sungai Musi di titik paling awalnyo memancar dari dasar tebing di Bukit Kelam, dengan leba 5 meter dan kadalaman samato kaki, dengan dasar sungainyo barupo batu-batu kerikil. Aia dari tabing itu turun ka arah tenggara dan samakin mangadang setelah menyatu jo aia dari sumber-sumber lain, tamasuak puluhan anak sungai, dan mailia sampai 720 km panjangnyo sabalun barmuaro ke [[Selat Bangka]].<ref name="Kompas.id" /> Bagian hulu sungai iko dalam kebudayaan Rejang dikenal sebagai ''[[Luak (Rejang)|Luak Ulu Musi]]''. === Hidrologi === Sungai Musi mambalah [[Kota Palembang]] manjadi duo bagian kawasan, yaitu [[Seberang Ilir]] di bagian utara dan [[Seberang Ulu]] di bagian selatan. Sungai Musi, sarato jo sungai lainnyo, mambantuak sabuah [[delta]] di dekat Kota Sungsang. Sungai Musi disabuik juo "Batanghari Sembilan" nan artinyo sambilan sungai gadang, mukasuik sambilan sungai gadang adolah Sungai Musi basarato salapan sungai gadang nan bamuaro di [[sungai Musi]]. Adopun salapan sungai nan disabuikan diantaronyo:<ref name="indonesiabercerita">Yoana Dianika, Redy Kuswanto, Ruwi Meita, ''et al''. [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZcAjDwAAQBAJ&dq=Anak+sungai++Rawas&source=gbs_navlinks_s Indonesia Bercerita: Kisah-Kisah Rakyat yang Terlupakan]. Pustaka Alvabet, Apr 1, 2017. ISBN 6026577084. Hlm. 133</ref><ref name="jelajah">[https://books.google.com/books?id=nAiz-BeJU_wC&pg=PR18&lpg=PR18&dq=Anak+sungai++Rawas&source=bl&ots=IJn9sZNwUv&sig=9PaRKCcTKgfL3NzZzzGFOg2D84w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiU5sPKhvPfAhUEP60KHRjjBOgQ6AEwDnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=Anak%20sungai%20%20Rawas&f=false Jelajah Musi: eksotika sungai di ujung senja: laporan jurnalistik Kompas] Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2010. ISBN 9797094855</ref> # [[Sungai Komering]] # [[Sungai Rawas]] # [[Sungai Leko]] # [[Sungai Lakitan]] # [[Sungai Kelingi]] # [[Sungai Lematang]] # [[Sungai Rupit]] # [[Sungai Ogan]] Lahan salueh s 3 juta [[ha]] di [[daerah aliran sungai]] (DAS) Musi dianggap kritis akibat maraknyo panabangan pohon sacaro liar. Kondisi itu dapek memicu [[banjir bandang]] dan [[tanah longsor]]. DAS Musi secara geografis talatak pada 103° 34’ 12 “ – 105°&nbsp; 0’ 36” BT dan 02° 58’ 12”&nbsp; - &nbsp;04° 59’ 24” LS dengan luas 7.760.222, 86 Ha.&nbsp; Sacaro administrasi DAS Musi tamasuak dalam 4 (ampek) provinsi yaitu Sumatra Selatan,&nbsp;Bengkulu, Jambi dan Lampung. Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatra Selatan nan masuak ka dalam DAS Musi maliputi 17 (tujuh belas) Kabupaten/Kota atau sadoalah Kabupaten/Kota nan tadapek di&nbsp;Provinsi Sumatra Selatan. Kabupaten di Provinsi Bengkulu nan masuak di DAS Musi meliputi&nbsp;Kabupaten Rejang Lebong dan Kabupaten Kepahiang, sadangkan&nbsp;Kabupaten di Provinsi Jambi nan masuak di DAS Musi meliputi Kabupaten Sarolangun, Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, Kabupaten Batanghari, dan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Dan kabupaten di Provinsi Lampung Barat nan masuak di DAS Musi meliputi Kabupaten Lampung Barat dan Kabupaten Way Kanan. DAS Musi babatasan samo DAS Ketahun di sabalah barat dan DAS Batanghari di sabalah utara.{{sfn|Kusuma|2007|pp=134}} DAS Musi tabagi ka dalam 22 Sub DAS, yaitu Sub DAS Banyuasin, Sub DAS Batang Pelidang, Sub DAS Batanghari Leko, Sub DAS Baung, Sub DAS Bungin, Sub DAS Calik, Sub DAS Deras, Sub DAS Kelingi, Sub DAS Kikim, Sub DAS Komering, Sub DAS Lakitan, Sub DAS Lalan, Sub DAS Lematang, Sub DAS Macan, Sub DAS Medak, Sub DAS Musi Hilir, Sub DAS Musi Hulu, Sub DAS Ogan, Sub DAS Rawas, Sub DAS Soleh, Sub DAS Semangus dan Sub DAS Sugihan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fdas.sumsel.org/index.php/web/detartikel/234|title=Cakupan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Musi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414222907/http://fdas.sumsel.org/index.php/web/detartikel/234|archive-date=2016-04-14|dead-url=yes|access-date=2016-04-02}}</ref> == Objek wisata == * [[Jembatan Ampera]] * Benteng Kuto Besak * Restoran terapung Riverside * Restoran terapung Warung Legenda * Rumah Rakit * Pulau Kemaro * Bagus Kuning * Sungai Gerong * Pasar 16 Ilir * Kampung Kapitan * Kampung Arab == Galeri == <gallery> File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gezicht over Palembang aan de Musi rivier TMnr 20018417.jpg|Sungai Musi di Palembang File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Gezicht op de Moesi rivier bij Palembang TMnr 10010493.jpg|Sungai Musi di Palembang Berkas:Sungaimusikalasenja.jpg|Sungai Musi dengan Jembatan Ampera sebagai latar belakang Berkas:Ampera Bridge at Noon, Palembang.jpg|Jembatan Ampera pada tengah hari, Palembang </gallery> == Caliak pulo == * [[Daftar sungai di Indonesia]] * [[Daftar sungai di Sumatra]] == Rujuakan == {{reflist}} == Daftar pustaka == === Makalah untuk konferensi, seminar, dan simposium === * {{cite conference|last=Kusuma|first=Desi Widia|title=Identifikasi dan Alternatif Pemulihan Lahan Akses Terbuka (LAT) pada Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Batang Hari Hulu|url=https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/PROSIDING_SEMINAR_NASIONAL_PENGELOLAAN_D/NY5SDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=sungai+ketahun&pg=PT144&printsec=frontcover|publisher=Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Universitas Riau|location=Pekanbaru|conference=Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai Secara Terpadu 2017|access-date=4 Desember 2021|pages=134|ref=harv}} === Skripsi === * {{cite thesis|url=http://repository.unib.ac.id/8249/2/IV%2CV%2CLAMP%2CII-14-wur.FK.pdf|title=Analisis Fungsi Sosial Bahasa dalam Lirik Lagu Rejang di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong|last=Handayani|first=Wuri|date=2014|publisher=[[Universitas Bengkulu]]|page=33, 51, 64, 98|quote=''Bioa ba musei kunai ba Cu'up'' (Air Musi berasal dari curup), ''bioa ne bersih melitas tebo'' (airnya bersih melintasi gunung)|ref=harv|access-date=2022-05-30|archive-date=2021-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205060159/http://repository.unib.ac.id/8249/2/IV,V,LAMP,II-14-wur.FK.pdf|dead-url=yes}} == Pranala lua == * {{id}} [http://www.balarpalembang.go.id/sidda_tri.htm Indikasi perdagangan di DAS Musi masa klasik] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051124151357/http://www.balarpalembang.go.id/sidda_tri.htm|date=2005-11-24}} * {{id}} [http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0411/02/daerah/1358453.htm Riwayatmu Kini...], ''KOMPAS'' * {{id}} [http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0601/24/daerah/2388883.htm "3 Juta Hektar DAS Sungai Musi Kritis"], ''KOMPAS'' * {{id}} [http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0305/14/daerah/312548.htm "Eceng Gondok Ganggu Pelayaran di Sungai Musi"], ''KOMPAS'' * {{en}} [http://www.arcbc.org.ph/wetlands/indonesia/idn_banyuasinmusi.htm Banyuasin Musi River Delta conservation information] [[Kategori:Sungai di Indonesia]] [[Kategori:Sungai di Sumatera Selatan]] mhqqhitatvwdzzv41n6icxntdruutra 2 476843 3346845 3341408 2026-05-22T05:36:18Z PK2 9914 add user pages for new Wikipedia editions 3346845 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%" |- | [[User:PK2/bak kasiak|This]] is where my sandbox pages in different languages are |} ;<div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; font-size:85%">My user pages in different languages by language code</div> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ A |- | [[:ab:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]]<br />(code: <code>ab</code>) | [[:ace:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Acehnese language|Acehnese]]<br />(code: <code>ace</code>) | [[:ady:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Adyghe language|Adyghe]]<br />(code: <code>ady</code>) | [[:af:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Afrikaans|Afrikaans]]<br />(code: <code>af</code>) | [[:als:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Alemannic German|Alemannic German]]<br />(code: <code>als</code>) | [[:alt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Southern Altai language|Southern Altai]]<br />(code: <code>alt</code>) | [[:am:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Amharic|Amharic]]<br />(code: <code>am</code>) | [[:ami:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Amis language|Amis]]<br />(code: <code>ami</code>) | [[:an:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Aragonese language|Aragonese]]<br />(code: <code>an</code>) | [[:ang:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Old English|Old English]]<br />(code: <code>ang</code>) |- | [[:ann:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Obolo language|Obolo]]<br />(code: <code>ann</code>) | [[:anp:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Angika|Angika]]<br />(code: <code>anp</code>) | [[:ar:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Arabic|Arabic]]<br />(code: <code>ar</code>) | [[:arc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Aramaic|Aramaic]] ([[:en:Syriac language|Syriac]])<br />(code: <code>arc</code>) | [[:ary:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Moroccan Arabic|Moroccan Arabic]]<br />(code: <code>ary</code>) | [[:arz:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Egyptian Arabic|Egyptian Arabic]]<br />(code: <code>arz</code>) | [[:as:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Assamese language|Assamese]]<br />(code: <code>as</code>) | [[:ast:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Asturleonese language|Asturleonese]] ([[:en:Asturian language|Asturian]])<br />(code: <code>ast</code>) | [[:atj:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Atikamekw language|Atikamekw]]<br />(code: <code>atj</code>) | [[:av:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Avar language|Avar]]<br />(code: <code>av</code>) |- | [[:avk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kotava|Kotava]]<br />(code: <code>avk</code>) | [[:awa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Awadhi language|Awadhi]]<br />(code: <code>awa</code>) | [[:ay:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Aymara language|Aymara]]<br />(code: <code>ay</code>) | [[:az:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]<br />(code: <code>az</code>) | [[:azb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Azerbaijani language#South Azerbaijani|South Azerbaijani]]<br />(code: <code>azb</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ B |- | [[:ba:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bashkir language|Bashkir]]<br />(code: <code>ba</code>) | [[:ban:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Balinese language|Balinese]]<br />(code: <code>ban</code>) | [[:bar:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bavarian language|Bavarian]]<br />(code: <code>bar</code>) | [[:bat-smg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Samogitian language|Samogitian]]<br />(code: <code>bat-smg</code>) | [[:bbc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Toba Batak language|Toba Batak]]<br />(code: <code>bbc</code>) | [[:bcl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Central Bikol|Central Bikol]]<br />(code: <code>bcl</code>) | [[:bdr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sama–Bajaw languages|West Coast Bajau]]<br />(code: <code>bdr</code>) | [[:be:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]]<br />(code: <code>be</code>) | [[:be-tarask:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Belarusian language|Belarusian]] ([[:en:Taraškievica|Taraškievica]])<br />(code: <code>be-tarask</code>) | [[:bew:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Betawi language|Betawi]]<br />(code: <code>bew</code>) |- | [[:bg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]<br />(code: <code>bg</code>) | [[:bh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bihari languages|Bihari]] ([[:en:Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]])<br />(code: <code>bh</code>) | [[:bi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bislama|Bislama]]<br />(code: <code>bi</code>) | [[:bjn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Banjarese language|Banjarese]]<br />(code: <code>bjn</code>) | [[:blk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pa'O language|Pa'O]]<br />(code: <code>blk</code>) | [[:bm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bambara language|Bambara]]<br />(code: <code>bm</code>) | [[:bn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bengali language|Bengali]]<br />(code: <code>bn</code>) | [[:bo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Central Tibetan|Central Tibetan]] ([[:en:Lhasa Tibetan|Lhasa Tibetan]])<br />(code: <code>bo</code>) | [[:bpy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bishnupriya Manipuri|Bishnupriya Manipuri]]<br />(code: <code>bpy</code>) | [[:br:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Breton language|Breton]]<br />(code: <code>br</code>) |- | [[:bs:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Bosnian language|Bosnian]]<br />(code: <code>bs</code>) | [[:btm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mandailing Batak language|Mandailing Batak]]<br />(code: <code>btm</code>) | [[:bug:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Buginese language|Buginese]]<br />(code: <code>bug</code>) | [[:bxr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Buryat language|Buryat]] (Russia Buriat)<br />(code: <code>bxr</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ C |- | [[:ca:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Catalan language|Catalan]]<br />(code: <code>ca</code>) | [[:cbk-zam:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chavacano|Chavacano]] (Zamboanga)<br />(code: <code>cbk-zam</code>) | [[:cdo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Eastern Min|Eastern Min]]<br />(code: <code>cdo</code>) | [[:ce:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chechen language|Chechen]]<br />(code: <code>ce</code>) | [[:ceb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cebuano language|Cebuano]]<br />(code: <code>ceb</code>) | [[:ch:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chamorro language|Chamorro]]<br />(code: <code>ch</code>) | [[:chr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cherokee language|Cherokee]]<br />(code: <code>chr</code>) | [[:chy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cheyenne language|Cheyenne]]<br />(code: <code>chy</code>) |- | [[:ckb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Sorani|Sorani]])<br />(code: <code>ckb</code>) | [[:co:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Corsican language|Corsican]]<br />(code: <code>co</code>) | [[:crh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]]<br />(code: <code>crh</code>) | [[:cs:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Czech language|Czech]]<br />(code: <code>cs</code>) | [[:csb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kashubian language|Kashubian]]<br />(code: <code>csb</code>) | [[:cu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Old Church Slavonic|Old Church Slavonic]]<br />(code: <code>cu</code>) | [[:cv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chuvash language|Chuvash]]<br />(code: <code>cv</code>) | [[:cy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Welsh language|Welsh]]<br />(code: <code>cy</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ D |- | [[:da:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Danish language|Danish]]<br />(code: <code>da</code>) | [[:dag:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dagbani language|Dagbani]]<br />(code: <code>dag</code>) | [[:de:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:German language|German]]<br />(code: <code>de</code>) | [[:dga:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dagaare language|Dagaare]]<br />(code: <code>dga</code>) | [[:din:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dinka language|Dinka]]<br />(code: <code>din</code>) | [[:diq:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Zaza language|Zaza]]<br />(code: <code>diq</code>) | [[:dsb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lower Sorbian language|Lower Sorbian]]<br />(code: <code>dsb</code>) | [[:dtp:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dusun language|Dusun]]<br />(code: <code>dtp</code>) | [[:dty:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Doteli|Doteli]]<br />(code: <code>dty</code>) | [[:dv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Maldivian language|Maldivian]]<br />(code: <code>dv</code>) | [[:dz:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dzongkha|Dzongkha]]<br />(code: <code>dz</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ E |- | [[:ee:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ewe language|Ewe]]<br />(code: <code>ee</code>) | [[:el:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Greek language|Greek]]<br />(code: <code>el</code>) | [[:eml:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Emilian–Romagnol|Emilian–Romagnol]]<br />(code: <code>eml</code>) | [[:en:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:English language|English]]<br />(code: <code>en</code>) | [[:eo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Esperanto|Esperanto]]<br />(code: <code>eo</code>) | [[:es:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Spanish language|Spanish]]<br />(code: <code>es</code>) | [[:et:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Estonian language|Estonian]]<br />(code: <code>et</code>) | [[:eu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Basque language|Basque]]<br />(code: <code>eu</code>) | [[:ext:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Extremaduran language|Extremaduran]]<br />(code: <code>ext</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ F |- | [[:fa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Persian language|Persian]]<br />(code: <code>fa</code>) | [[:fat:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] ([[:en:Fante dialect|Fante]])<br />(code: <code>fat</code>) | [[:ff:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Fula language|Fula]]<br />(code: <code>ff</code>) | [[:fi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Finnish language|Finnish]]<br />(code: <code>fi</code>) | [[:fiu-vro:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Võro language|Võro]]<br />(code: <code>fiu-vro</code>) | [[:fj:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Fijian language|Fijian]]<br />(code: <code>fj</code>) | [[:fo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Faroese language|Faroese]]<br />(code: <code>fo</code>) | [[:fon:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Fon language|Fon]]<br />(code: <code>fon</code>) | [[:fr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:French language|French]]<br />(code: <code>fr</code>) | [[:frp:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Franco-Provençal|Franco-Provençal]]<br />(code: <code>frp</code>) | [[:frr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:North Frisian language|North Frisian]]<br />(code: <code>frr</code>) | [[:fur:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Friulian language|Friulian]]<br />(code: <code>fur</code>) | [[:fy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:West Frisian language|West Frisian]]<br />(code: <code>fy</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ G |- | [[:ga:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Irish language|Irish]]<br />(code: <code>ga</code>) | [[:gag:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gagauz language|Gagauz]]<br />(code: <code>gag</code>) | [[:gan:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gan Chinese|Gan Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>gan</code>) | [[:gcr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:French Guianese Creole|French Guianese Creole]]<br />(code: <code>gcr</code>) | [[:gd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Scottish Gaelic|Scottish Gaelic]]<br />(code: <code>gd</code>) | [[:gl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Galician language|Galician]]<br />(code: <code>gl</code>) | [[:glk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gilaki language|Gilaki]]<br />(code: <code>glk</code>) | [[:gn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Guarani language|Guarani]]<br />(code: <code>gn</code>) | [[:gom:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Konkani language|Konkani]] (Goan Konkani)<br />(code: <code>gom</code>) |- | [[:gor:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gorontalo language|Gorontalo]]<br />(code: <code>gor</code>) | [[:got:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gothic language|Gothic]]<br />(code: <code>got</code>) | [[:gpe:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ghanaian Pidgin English|Ghanaian Pidgin English]]<br />(code: <code>gpe</code>) | [[:gu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gujarati language|Gujarati]]<br />(code: <code>gu</code>) | [[:guc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Wayuu language|Wayuu]]<br />(code: <code>guc</code>) | [[:gur:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Farefare language|Farefare]]<br />(code: <code>gur</code>) | [[:guw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Gun language|Gun]]<br />(code: <code>guw</code>) | [[:gv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Manx language|Manx]]<br />(code: <code>gv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ H |- | [[:ha:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hausa language|Hausa]]<br />(code: <code>ha</code>) | [[:hak:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hakka Chinese|Hakka Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>hak</code>) | [[:haw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]]<br />(code: <code>haw</code>) | [[:he:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hebrew language|Hebrew]]<br />(code: <code>he</code>) | [[:hi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hindi|Hindi]]<br />(code: <code>hi</code>) | [[:hif:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Fiji Hindi|Fiji Hindi]]<br />(code: <code>hif</code>) | [[:hr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Croatian language|Croatian]]<br />(code: <code>hr</code>) | [[:hsb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Upper Sorbian language|Upper Sorbian]]<br />(code: <code>hsb</code>) | [[:ht:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Haitian Creole|Haitian Creole]]<br />(code: <code>ht</code>) | [[:hu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hungarian language|Hungarian]]<br />(code: <code>hu</code>) | [[:hy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Armenian language|Armenian]] ([[:en:Eastern Armenian|Eastern Armenian]])<br />(code: <code>hy</code>) | [[:hyw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Western Armenian|Western Armenian]]<br />(code: <code>hyw</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ I |- | [[:ia:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Interlingua|Interlingua]]<br />(code: <code>ia</code>) | [[:iba:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Iban language|Iban]]<br />(code: <code>iba</code>) | [[:id:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Indonesian language|Indonesian]]<br />(code: <code>id</code>) | [[:ie:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Interlingue|Interlingue]]<br />(code: <code>ie</code>) | [[:ig:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Igbo language|Igbo]]<br />(code: <code>ig</code>) | [[:igl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Igala language|Igala]]<br />(code: <code>igl</code>) | [[:ik:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Iñupiaq language|Iñupiaq]]<br />(code: <code>ik</code>) | [[:ilo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ilocano language|Ilocano]]<br />(code: <code>ilo</code>) | [[:inh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ingush language|Ingush]]<br />(code: <code>inh</code>) | [[:io:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ido|Ido]]<br />(code: <code>io</code>) | [[:is:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Icelandic language|Icelandic]]<br />(code: <code>is</code>) | [[:it:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Italian language|Italian]]<br />(code: <code>it</code>) | [[:iu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Inuktitut|Inuktitut]]<br />(code: <code>iu</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ J |- | [[:ja:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Japanese language|Japanese]]<br />(code: <code>ja</code>) | [[:jam:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Jamaican Patois|Jamaican Patois]]<br />(code: <code>jam</code>) | [[:jbo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lojban|Lojban]]<br />(code: <code>jbo</code>) | [[:jv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]]<br />(code: <code>jv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ K |- | [[:ka:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Georgian language|Georgian]]<br />(code: <code>ka</code>) | [[:kaa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Karakalpak language|Karakalpak]]<br />(code: <code>kaa</code>) | [[:kab:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kabyle language|Kabyle]]<br />(code: <code>kab</code>) | [[:kai:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Karai-karai|Karai-karai]]<br />(code: <code>kai</code>) | [[:kaj:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Jju language|Jju]]<br />(code: <code>kaj</code>) | [[:kbd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kabardian language|Kabardian]]<br />(code: <code>kbd</code>) | [[:kbp:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kabiye language|Kabiye]]<br />(code: <code>kbp</code>) | [[:kcg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tyap|Tyap]]<br />(code: <code>kcg</code>) | [[:kg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kongo language|Kongo]]<br />(code: <code>kg</code>) | [[:kge:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Komering language|Komering]]<br />(code: <code>kge</code>) | [[:ki:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kikuyu language|Kikuyu]]<br />(code: <code>ki</code>) | [[:kk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kazakh language|Kazakh]]<br />(code: <code>kk</code>) | [[:km:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Khmer language|Khmer]]<br />(code: <code>km</code>) |- | [[:kn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kannada|Kannada]]<br />(code: <code>kn</code>) | [[:knc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Central Kanuri|Central Kanuri]]<br />(code: <code>knc</code>) | [[:ko:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Korean language|Korean]]<br />(code: <code>ko</code>) | [[:koi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Komi-Permyak language|Komi-Permyak]]<br />(code: <code>koi</code>) | [[:krc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Karachay-Balkar|Karachay-Balkar]]<br />(code: <code>krc</code>) | [[:ks:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]<br />(code: <code>ks</code>) | [[:ksh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]<br />(code: <code>ksh</code>) | [[:ku:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kurdish language|Kurdish]] ([[:en:Kurmanji|Kurmanji]])<br />(code: <code>ku</code>) | [[:kus:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kusaal language|Kusaal]]<br />(code: <code>kus</code>) | [[:kv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Komi language|Komi]]<br />(code: <code>kv</code>) | [[:kw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cornish language|Cornish]]<br />(code: <code>kw</code>) | [[:ky:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]]<br />(code: <code>ky</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ L |- | [[:la:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Latin|Latin]]<br />(code: <code>la</code>) | [[:lad:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Judaeo-Spanish|Judaeo-Spanish]]<br />(code: <code>lad</code>) | [[:lb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Luxembourgish|Luxembourgish]]<br />(code: <code>lb</code>) | [[:lbe:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lak language|Lak]]<br />(code: <code>lbe</code>) | [[:lez:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lezgian language|Lezgian]]<br />(code: <code>lez</code>) | [[:lfn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lingua Franca Nova|Lingua Franca Nova]]<br />(code: <code>lfn</code>) | [[:lg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Luganda|Luganda]]<br />(code: <code>lg</code>) | [[:li:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Limburgish|Limburgish]]<br />(code: <code>li</code>) |- | [[:lij:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ligurian language|Ligurian]]<br />(code: <code>lij</code>) | [[:lld:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ladin language|Ladin]]<br />(code: <code>lld</code>) | [[:lmo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lombard language|Lombard]]<br />(code: <code>lmo</code>) | [[:ln:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lingala|Lingala]]<br />(code: <code>ln</code>) | [[:lo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lao language|Lao]]<br />(code: <code>lo</code>) | [[:lt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]<br />(code: <code>lt</code>) | [[:ltg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Latgalian language|Latgalian]]<br />(code: <code>ltg</code>) | [[:lv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Latvian language|Latvian]]<br />(code: <code>lv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ M |- | [[:mad:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Madurese language|Madurese]]<br />(code: <code>mad</code>) | [[:mai:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Maithili language|Maithili]]<br />(code: <code>mai</code>) | [[:map-bms:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Javanese language|Javanese]] ([[:en:Banyumasan dialect|Banyumasan]])<br />(code: <code>map-bms</code>) | [[:mdf:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Moksha language|Moksha]]<br />(code: <code>mdf</code>) | [[:mg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Malagasy language|Malagasy]]<br />(code: <code>mg</code>) | [[:mhr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Meadow Mari language|Meadow Mari]]<br />(code: <code>mhr</code>) | [[:mi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Māori language|Māori]]<br />(code: <code>mi</code>) | [[:min:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]<br />(code: <code>min</code>) | [[:mk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Macedonian language|Macedonian]]<br />(code: <code>mk</code>) | [[:ml:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Malayalam|Malayalam]]<br />(code: <code>ml</code>) | [[:mn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mongolian language|Mongolian]]<br />(code: <code>mn</code>) |- | [[:mni:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Meitei language|Meitei]]<br />(code: <code>mni</code>) | [[:mnw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mon language|Mon]]<br />(code: <code>mnw</code>) | [[:m:mos:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mooré|Mooré]]<br />(code: <code>mos</code>) | [[:mr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Marathi language|Marathi]]<br />(code: <code>mr</code>) | [[:mrj:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Hill Mari language|Hill Mari]]<br />(code: <code>mrj</code>) | [[:ms:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Malay language|Malay]]<br />(code: <code>ms</code>) | [[:mt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Maltese language|Maltese]]<br />(code: <code>mt</code>) | [[:mwl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mirandese language|Mirandese]]<br />(code: <code>mwl</code>) | [[:my:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Burmese language|Burmese]]<br />(code: <code>my</code>) | [[:myv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Erzya language|Erzya]]<br />(code: <code>myv</code>) | [[:mzn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mazanderani language|Mazanderani]]<br />(code: <code>mzn</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ N |- | [[:nah:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]]<br />(code: <code>nah</code>) | [[:nap:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]]<br />(code: <code>nap</code>) | [[:nds:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Low German|Low German]]<br />(code: <code>nds</code>) | [[:nds-nl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dutch Low Saxon|Dutch Low Saxon]]<br />(code: <code>nds-nl</code>) | [[:ne:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nepali language|Nepali]]<br />(code: <code>ne</code>) | [[:new:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Newar language|Newar]]<br />(code: <code>new</code>) | [[:nia:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nias language|Nias]]<br />(code: <code>nia</code>) | [[:nl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Dutch language|Dutch]]<br />(code: <code>nl</code>) | [[:nn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Nynorsk|Nynorsk]])<br />(code: <code>nn</code>) |- | [[:no:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Norwegian language|Norwegian]] ([[:en:Bokmål|Bokmål]])<br />(code: <code>no</code>) | [[:nov:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Novial|Novial]]<br />(code: <code>nov</code>) | [[:nqo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:N'Ko language|N'Ko]]<br />(code: <code>nqo</code>) | [[:nr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Southern Ndebele language|Southern Ndebele]]<br />(code: <code>nr</code>) | [[:nrm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Norman language|Norman]]<br />(code: <code>nrm</code>) | [[:nso:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Northern Sotho|Northern Sotho]]<br />(code: <code>nso</code>) | [[:nup:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nupe language|Nupe]]<br />(code: <code>nup</code>) | [[:nv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Navajo language|Navajo]]<br />(code: <code>nv</code>) | [[:ny:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chewa language|Chewa]]<br />(code: <code>ny</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ O |- | [[:oc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Occitan language|Occitan]]<br />(code: <code>oc</code>) | [[:olo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Livvi-Karelian language|Livvi-Karelian]]<br />(code: <code>olo</code>) | [[:om:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Oromo language|Oromo]]<br />(code: <code>om</code>) | [[:or:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Odia language|Odia]]<br />(code: <code>or</code>) | [[:os:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ossetian language|Ossetian]]<br />(code: <code>os</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ P |- | [[:pa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<br />(code: <code>pa</code>) | [[:pag:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pangasinan language|Pangasinan]]<br />(code: <code>pag</code>) | [[:pam:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kapampangan language|Kapampangan]]<br />(code: <code>pam</code>) | [[:pap:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Papiamento|Papiamento]]<br />(code: <code>pap</code>) | [[:pcd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Picard language|Picard]]<br />(code: <code>pcd</code>) | [[:pcm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nigerian Pidgin|Nigerian Pidgin]]<br />(code: <code>pcm</code>) | [[:pdc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pennsylvania Dutch language|Pennsylvania Dutch]]<br />(code: <code>pdc</code>) | [[:pfl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Palatine German dialects|Palatine German]]<br />(code: <code>pfl</code>) | [[:pi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pali|Pali]]<br />(code: <code>pi</code>) |- | [[:pl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Polish language|Polish]]<br />(code: <code>pl</code>) | [[:pms:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Piedmontese language|Piedmontese]]<br />(code: <code>pms</code>) | [[:pnb:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (Western Punjabi)<br />(code: <code>pnb</code>) | [[:pnt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pontic Greek|Pontic Greek]]<br />(code: <code>pnt</code>) | [[:ppl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Nawat language|Nawat]]<br />(code: <code>ppl</code>) | [[:ps:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pashto|Pashto]]<br />(code: <code>ps</code>) | [[:pt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Portuguese language|Portuguese]]<br />(code: <code>pt</code>) | [[:pwn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Paiwan language|Paiwan]]<br />(code: <code>pwn</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ Q |- | [[:qu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Quechuan languages|Quechua]] ([[:en:Southern Quechua|Southern Quechua]])<br />(code: <code>qu</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ R |- | [[:rki:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Rakhine language|Rakhine]]<br />(code: <code>rki</code>) | [[:rm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Romansh language|Romansh]]<br />(code: <code>rm</code>) | [[:rmy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Romani language|Romani]] ([[:en:Vlax Romani language|Vlax Romani]])<br />(code: <code>rmy</code>) | [[:rn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kirundi|Kirundi]]<br />(code: <code>rn</code>) | [[:ro:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Romanian language|Romanian]]<br />(code: <code>ro</code>) | [[:roa-rup:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Aromanian language|Aromanian]]<br />(code: <code>roa-rup</code>) | [[:roa-tara:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]] ([[:en:Tarantino dialect|Tarantino]])<br />(code: <code>roa-tara</code>) | [[:rsk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Pannonian Rusyn|Pannonian Rusyn]]<br />(code: <code>rsk</code>) | [[:ru:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Russian language|Russian]]<br />(code: <code>ru</code>) | [[:rue:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Rusyn language|Rusyn]]<br />(code: <code>rue</code>) | [[:rw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Kinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]]<br />(code: <code>rw</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ S |- | [[:sa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sanskrit|Sanskrit]]<br />(code: <code>sa</code>) | [[:sah:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Yakut language|Yakut]]<br />(code: <code>sah</code>) | [[:sat:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Santali language|Santali]]<br />(code: <code>sat</code>) | [[:sc:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sardinian language|Sardinian]]<br />(code: <code>sc</code>) | [[:scn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sicilian language|Sicilian]]<br />(code: <code>scn</code>) | [[:sco:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Scots language|Scots]]<br />(code: <code>sco</code>) | [[:sd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sindhi language|Sindhi]]<br />(code: <code>sd</code>) | [[:se:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Northern Sámi|Northern Sámi]]<br />(code: <code>se</code>) | [[:sg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sango language|Sango]]<br />(code: <code>sg</code>) | [[:sh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Serbo-Croatian|Serbo-Croatian]]<br />(code: <code>sh</code>) | [[:shi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Shilha language|Shilha]]<br />(code: <code>shi</code>) |- | [[:shn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Shan language|Shan]]<br />(code: <code>shn</code>) | [[:si:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sinhala language|Sinhala]]<br />(code: <code>si</code>) | [[:simple:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Basic English|Basic English]]<br />(code: <code>simple</code>) | [[:sk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Slovak language|Slovak]]<br />(code: <code>sk</code>) | [[:skr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Saraiki language|Saraiki]]<br />(code: <code>skr</code>) | [[:sl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Slovene language|Slovene]]<br />(code: <code>sl</code>) | [[:sm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Samoan language|Samoan]]<br />(code: <code>sm</code>) | [[:smn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Inari Sámi language|Inari Sámi]]<br />(code: <code>smn</code>) | [[:sn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Shona language|Shona]]<br />(code: <code>sn</code>) | [[:so:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Somali language|Somali]]<br />(code: <code>so</code>) | [[:sq:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Albanian language|Albanian]]<br />(code: <code>sq</code>) |- | [[:sr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Serbian language|Serbian]]<br />(code: <code>sr</code>) | [[:srn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sranan Tongo|Sranan Tongo]]<br />(code: <code>srn</code>) | [[:ss:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Swazi language|Swazi]]<br />(code: <code>ss</code>) | [[:st:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sotho language|Sotho]]<br />(code: <code>st</code>) | [[:stq:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Saterland Frisian language|Saterland Frisian]]<br />(code: <code>stq</code>) | [[:su:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sundanese language|Sundanese]]<br />(code: <code>su</code>) | [[:sv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Swedish language|Swedish]]<br />(code: <code>sv</code>) | [[:sw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Swahili language|Swahili]]<br />(code: <code>sw</code>) | [[:syl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sylheti language|Sylheti]]<br />(code: <code>syl</code>) | [[:szl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Silesian language|Silesian]]<br />(code: <code>szl</code>) | [[:szy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Sakizaya language|Sakizaya]]<br />(code: <code>szy</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ T |- | [[:ta:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tamil language|Tamil]]<br />(code: <code>ta</code>) | [[:tay:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Atayal language|Atayal]]<br />(code: <code>tay</code>) | [[:tcy:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tulu language|Tulu]]<br />(code: <code>tcy</code>) | [[:tdd:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tai Nuea language|Tai Nuea]]<br />(code: <code>tdd</code>) | [[:te:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Telugu language|Telugu]]<br />(code: <code>te</code>) | [[:tet:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tetum language|Tetum]]<br />(code: <code>tet</code>) | [[:tg:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tajik language|Tajik]]<br />(code: <code>tg</code>) | [[:th:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Thai language|Thai]]<br />(code: <code>th</code>) | [[:ti:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tigrinya language|Tigrinya]]<br />(code: <code>ti</code>) | [[:tig:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tigre language|Tigre]]<br />(code: <code>tig</code>) | [[:tk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Turkmen language|Turkmen]]<br />(code: <code>tk</code>) | [[:tl:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tagalog language|Tagalog]]<br />(code: <code>tl</code>) | [[:tly:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Talysh language|Talysh]]<br />(code: <code>tly</code>) |- | [[:tn:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tswana language|Tswana]]<br />(code: <code>tn</code>) | [[:to:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tongan language|Tongan]]<br />(code: <code>to</code>) | [[:tok:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Toki Pona|Toki Pona]]<br />(code: <code>tok</code>) | [[:tpi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tok Pisin|Tok Pisin]]<br />(code: <code>tpi</code>) | [[:tr:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Turkish language|Turkish]]<br />(code: <code>tr</code>) | [[:trv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Seediq language|Seediq]]<br />(code: <code>trv</code>) | [[:ts:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tsonga language|Tsonga]]<br />(code: <code>ts</code>) | [[:tt:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tatar language|Tatar]]<br />(code: <code>tt</code>) | [[:tum:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tumbuka language|Tumbuka]]<br />(code: <code>tum</code>) | [[:tw:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Akan language|Akan]] (Twi)<br />(code: <code>tw</code>) | [[:ty:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tahitian language|Tahitian]]<br />(code: <code>ty</code>) | [[:tyv:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Tuvan language|Tuvan]]<br />(code: <code>tyv</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ U |- | [[:udm:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Udmurt language|Udmurt]]<br />(code: <code>udm</code>) | [[:ug:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Uyghur language|Uyghur]]<br />(code: <code>ug</code>) | [[:uk:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]<br />(code: <code>uk</code>) | [[:ur:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Urdu|Urdu]]<br />(code: <code>ur</code>) | [[:uz:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Uzbek language|Uzbek]]<br />(code: <code>uz</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ V |- | [[:ve:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Venda language|Venda]]<br />(code: <code>ve</code>) | [[:vec:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Venetian language|Venetian]]<br />(code: <code>vec</code>) | [[:vep:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Veps language|Veps]]<br />(code: <code>vep</code>) | [[:vi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]]<br />(code: <code>vi</code>) | [[:vls:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:West Flemish|West Flemish]]<br />(code: <code>vls</code>) | [[:vo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Volapük|Volapük]]<br />(code: <code>vo</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ W |- | [[:wa:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Walloon language|Walloon]]<br />(code: <code>wa</code>) | [[:war:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Waray language|Waray]]<br />(code: <code>war</code>) | [[:wo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Wolof language|Wolof]]<br />(code: <code>wo</code>) | [[:wuu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Wu Chinese|Wu Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>wuu</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ X |- | [[:xal:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Oirat language|Oirat]] ([[:en:Kalmyk Oirat|Kalmyk Oirat]])<br />(code: <code>xal</code>) | [[:xh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Xhosa language|Xhosa]]<br />(code: <code>xh</code>) | [[:xmf:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Mingrelian language|Mingrelian]]<br />(code: <code>xmf</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ Y |- | [[:yi:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Yiddish|Yiddish]]<br />(code: <code>yi</code>) | [[:yo:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Yoruba language|Yoruba]]<br />(code: <code>yo</code>) |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size:85%" |+ Z |- | [[:za:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Zhuang languages|Zhuang]] ([[:en:Standard Zhuang|Standard Zhuang]])<br />(code: <code>za</code>) | [[:zea:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Zeelandic|Zeelandic]]<br />(code: <code>zea</code>) | [[:zgh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Standard Moroccan Amazigh|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]]<br />(code: <code>zgh</code>) | [[:zh:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Chinese language|Chinese]] ([[:en:Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin Chinese]])<br />(code: <code>zh</code>) | [[:zh-classical:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Classical Chinese|Classical Chinese]]<br />(code: <code>zh-classical</code>) | [[:zh-min-nan:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Southern Min|Southern Min]]<br />(code: <code>zh-min-nan</code>) | [[:zh-yue:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Cantonese|Cantonese]]<br />(code: <code>zh-yue</code>) | [[:zu:User:PK2|User page]] in [[:en:Zulu language|Zulu]]<br />(code: <code>zu</code>) |} 05u936bx5tovqezkr4svgm7riksktcz 0 477801 3346841 3346761 2026-05-21T22:39:21Z InternetArchiveBot 12718 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3346841 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sidi Mara''' adolah saurang padagang lauik, palauik, jo tokoh parlawanan di pantai baraik Sumatra pado abad ka-19 nan baubungan jo jaringan [[Kaum Paderi]] pado maso akhir [[Parang Paderi|Perang Paderi]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Hikayat Sidi Mara: bajak laut dari Pantai Barat Sumatra|url=https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Hikayat_Sidi_Mara.html?id=FeUSygEACAAJ&redir_esc=y|publisher=Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa|date=2018|isbn=978-602-437-246-0|language=id|first=Pinto|last=Anugrah}}</ref> Dalam arsip kolonial [[Hindia-Balando|Hindia Balando]], inyo acok disabuik sabagai parompak atau [[bajak lauik]] nan baroperasi di wilayiah pasisia baraik Sumatra.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Asnan, Gusti (2019). ''Dunia Maritim Pantai Barat Sumatra.'' Yogyakarta: Ombak. hlm.49. ISBN 9789793472737</ref> Tapi, dalam tradisi lisan urang [[Minangkabau]], Sidi Mara dipandang sabagai tokoh parlawanan taradok kakuaasaan kolonial Balando.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.historia.id/article/hikayat-sidi-mara-bajak-laut-pantai-barat-sumatra-vxgw5|title=Hikayat Sidi Mara, Bajak Laut Pantai Barat Sumatra|last=Hendra|first=Jose|date=2016-02-01|website=Historia.ID|language=id|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref> Nama Sidi Mara tarutamo dikenal malalui laporan militer jo administrasi kolonial Balando tantang kaamanan palayaran di [[Lautan Hindia|Samudra Hindia]] bagian timuah pado patangahan abad ka-19.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=200 tahun Perang Padri: historiografi dan re-rekonstruksi lanskap baru sejarah Minangkabau|url=https://books.google.co.id/books/about/200_tahun_Perang_Padri.html?id=uZsm0AEACAAJ&redir_esc=y|publisher=Tanda Baca|date=2023|isbn=978-623-5869-17-9|language=id|first=Gusti|last=Asnan}}</ref> Di sisi lain, carito rakyat di wilayiah pasisia Sumatra Baraik manggambarkan inyo sabagai padagang nan barubah manjadi pajuang sasudah mangalami konflik jo pamarintah kolonial.<ref name=":2" /><ref>https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/42029/9/ANALISIS%20NILAI%20BUDAYA.pdf</ref> == Lata Balakang == Informasi tantang kahidupan awal Sidi Mara sangat tabateh jo sabagian gadang indak tadokumentasi sacaro lengkap dalam sumber taturi. Indak dikatahui sacaro pasti tanggal lahia, tampaik lahia, maupun silsilah keluargonyo. Sajumlah panaliti jo panulih sajarah lokal mamparkirokan bahwo inyo berasal dari wilayiah [[Pariaman]] atau kawasan pasisia Minangkabau lainnyo di pantai baraik Sumatra. Gala “Sidi” marupokan gala kaagamaan jo sosial nan umum dipakai di daerah Pariaman jo wilayiah pasisia Minangkabau.<ref>{{Cite book|title=FAKTA DAN KHAYAL TUANKU RAO|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=dIXgDwAAQBAJ&printsec=copyright&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Republika Penerbit|date=2017-07-19|isbn=978-602-0822-71-6|language=id|first=Prof Dr|last=Hamka}}</ref> Istilah tu barasal dari kato Arab ''sayyidi'' nan bararti “tuanku” atau “tuan kami”, jo biaso dipakai dek kelompok masyarakat nan punyo hubungan jo tradisi kaagamaan Islam.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://scholar.uinib.ac.id/id/eprint/255/1/SYEKH%20BURHANUDDIN%20DAN%20ISLAMISASI%20MINANGKABAU%20(SYARAK%20MANDAKI%20ADAT%20MANURUN).pdf |title=archive copy |access-date=2026-05-14 |archive-date=2024-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241115050030/https://scholar.uinib.ac.id/id/eprint/255/1/SYEKH%20BURHANUDDIN%20DAN%20ISLAMISASI%20MINANGKABAU%20(SYARAK%20MANDAKI%20ADAT%20MANURUN).pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Manuruik [[Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah|Hamka]], gala [[Sidi]] ko marupokan katurunan Nabi Muhammad nan menetap di Pariaman jo manyabakan agama Islam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.harianhaluan.com/pendidikan/109806490/jejak-sejarah-dan-makna-gelar-sidi-dalam-budaya-pariaman-keturunan-nabi-muhammad-saw?page=3|title=Jejak Sejarah dan Makna Gelar Sidi dalam Budaya Pariaman, Keturunan Nabi Muhammad SAW - Harian Haluan - Halaman 3|last=Saputra|first=Iqbal Ajie|website=Jejak Sejarah dan Makna Gelar Sidi dalam Budaya Pariaman, Keturunan Nabi Muhammad SAW - Harian Haluan - Halaman 3|language=id|access-date=2026-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Ayahku|url=https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Ayahku.html?hl=id&id=LFzhDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y|publisher=Gema Insani|date=2020-04-24|isbn=978-602-250-701-7|language=id|last=Hamka}}</ref> Sabalun dikenal sabagai tokoh parlawanan, Sidi Mara disabuik aktif sabagai padagang lauik nan baroperasi di jalur padagangan pantai baraik Sumatra. Inyo didugo punyo hubungan dagang jo [[Aceh]] sarato sajumlah bandar di pasisia baraik Sumatra.<ref name=":1" /> Aktivitas padagangan tu mancakuik pangangkutan bahan kabutuhan sahari-hari jo komoditas penting malalui jalur lauik. == Hubungan jo Kaum Paderi == Pado maso barlangsungnyo Perang Paderi antaro Kaum Paderi jo pamarintah kolonial Balando, Sidi Mara didugo talibaik dalam jaringan logistik jo padagangan nan mandukuang kelompok Paderi. Jalur lauik di pasisia baraik Sumatra pado maso tu mamainan peranan penting dalam distribusi sanjato, bahan makanan, garam, pakaian, jo kabutuhan perang lainnyo.<ref name=":2" /> Manuruik sajumlah catatan kolonial jo kajian sajarah modern, Sidi Mara manjadi salah satu parantaro padagangan nan mambantu masuok kebutuhan kelompok Paderi dari Aceh manuju wilayiah padalaman Minangkabau. Hubungan tu mambuek aktivitas palayarannyo diawasi dek pamarintah kolonial Balando.<ref name=":2" /> Dalam panyakambangan salanjuiknyo, pamarintah kolonial mulai mampakateh pangawasan taradok palayaran jo padagangan di kawasan pantai baraik Sumatra. Gudang dagang milik Sidi Mara di wilayiah Katiagan dilaporkan pernah dibaka dek pasukan Balando. Paristiwa tu disabuik-sabuik manjadi salah satu panyabab barubahnyo hubungan antaro Sidi Mara jo pamarintah kolonial manjadi konflik tabukak.<ref name=":2" /> == Aktivitas di pantai baraik Sumatra == Sasudah konflik jo pamarintah kolonial makin maningkat, Sidi Mara dilaporkan mulai malakuan panarangan taradok kapal-kapal jo wilayiah nan dianggap bakarajo samo jo Balando. Sarangan-sarangan tu tarutamo tajadi di kawasan pasisia baraik Sumatra jo jalur padagangan lauik di Samudra Hindia.<ref name=":2" /> Arsip kolonial Hindia Balando manggambarkan aktivitas Sidi Mara sabagai tindakan pambajakan jo parompakan lauik nan manggangu kaamanan padagangan.<ref>"Atjehkroniek". ''De niuewe courant.'' 1917-01-22</ref> Pamarintah kolonial manampatkannyo sabagai salah satu tokoh nan dianggap mangancam stabilitas palayaran di wilayiah tu.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sejarahsumatra.com/category/sejarah-maritim/ |title=archive copy |access-date=2026-05-14 |archive-date=2025-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250708105350/https://sejarahsumatra.com/category/sejarah-maritim/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Sabaliknyo, dalam sajumlah tradisi lisan masyarakat Minangkabau, tindakan Sidi Mara dipandang sabagai bentuk parlawanan taradok kolonialisme Balando. Narasi lokal manggambarkan dirinyo bukannyo samato-mato sabagai parompak, malainkan sabagai tokoh nan manyarang kapantiangan kolonial jo pihak-pihak nan bakarajo samo jo pamarintah Balando. Parbedaan panafsiran tu mancaminan suduik pandang nan babeda antaro arsip kolonial jo memori kolektif masyarakat lokal. Dalam historiografi modern Indonesia, figur Sidi Mara acok ditampatkan di antaro duo kategori tu: sabagai palauik nan malakuan aksi parompakan sakaligus tokoh anti-kolonial.<ref>https://ejournal.uinib.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/tarikhuna/article/download/5656/3075?__cf_chl_tk=gXa.vborVgV6dTWhXR0EpQvUfDU7Ni2RJ99IEuV2jYY-1778719669-1.0.1.1-hStlCGLxfxDCSAuR7GK1GBX0eb49bbmg_5kNeOoM01o{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> == Dalam historiografi == Kisah tantang Sidi Mara relatif jarang dibahas dalam historiografi aruih utama Indonesia dibandingkan jo tokoh-tokoh lain pado maso Perang Paderi, sarupo Tuanku Imam Bonjol. Sabagian gadang informasi tantang dirinyo barasal dari laporan pamarintah kolonial Balando, catatan palayaran, jo tradisi lisan masyarakat pasisia Sumatra Baraik. Filolog jo akademikus Indonesia nan mangaja di [[Universitas Leiden]], [[Surya Suryadi|Suryadi]], manyabuik bahwo figur Sidi Mara mampaliakkan baa istilah “bajak lauik” dalam konteks kolonial acok dipakai untuak manyabuik kelompok atau individu nan manantang kakuaasaan pamarintah kolonial di jalur padagangan lauik.[butuh rujukan] Manuruiknyo, batas antaro “parompak” jo “pajuang” dalam sajarah maritim Nusantara kerap ditantuan dek suduik pandang politik jo kakuaasaan.{{Citation needed}} Sajumlah panulih sajarah lokal juo manampatkan Sidi Mara sabagai bagian dari tradisi parlawanan maritim masyarakat pasisia Sumatra taradok dominasi kolonial Balando pado abad ka-19.{{Citation needed}} == Dalam budayo populer == Kisah Sidi Mara pernah diangkek dalam buku bacaan sajarah anak bajudul Hikayat Sidi Mara: Bajak Laut dari Pantai Barat Sumatra nan diterbitkan dek Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. Buku tu mampakinalkan kisah Sidi Mara kapado pambaco mudo sabagai bagian dari sajarah lokal jo tradisi maritim Nusantara.<ref name=":0" /> Salain tu, namo Sidi Mara juo muncul dalam sajumlah tulisan populer tantang sajarah maritim Sumatra Baraik jo tradisi lisan masyarakat pasisia Minangkabau. = Rujuak'an = dw58wih9ysk4tvf5mgmoryzau7oudj7 0 477823 3346836 2026-05-21T13:57:11Z Rafqypedia 22794 ←Mambuek laman baisi "{{Infobox urang}} '''Abdul Fattah Said Husen Khalil as-Sisi''' ({{Lang-ar|عبد الفتاح سعيد حسين خليل السيسي}}), ({{Lahiamati||19|11|1954}}) adolah [[Presiden Mesir]] nan kini . Inyo sabalunnyo marupoan komandan militer Mesir nan marupoan Panglima [[Angkatan Bersenjata Mesir|Pado Angkatan Basenjata Mesir]], sarato [[Mantari Patahanan]], dari 12 Agustus 2012 inggo 26 Maret 2014. <ref name="ao26mar">{{Cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/..." 3346836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox urang}} '''Abdul Fattah Said Husen Khalil as-Sisi''' ({{Lang-ar|عبد الفتاح سعيد حسين خليل السيسي}}), ({{Lahiamati||19|11|1954}}) adolah [[Presiden Mesir]] nan kini . Inyo sabalunnyo marupoan komandan militer Mesir nan marupoan Panglima [[Angkatan Bersenjata Mesir|Pado Angkatan Basenjata Mesir]], sarato [[Mantari Patahanan]], dari 12 Agustus 2012 inggo 26 Maret 2014. <ref name="ao26mar">{{Cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/97612/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-ElSisi-bids-military-farewell,-says-he-will.aspx|title=Egypt's El-Sisi bids military farewell, says he will run for presidency|publisher=Ahram Online}}</ref> Sabagai kapalo pasukan basanjato tapiliah sabagai Presiden [[Muhammad Mursi|Morsi]] pado panggulingan [[Kudeta Mesir 2013|Moha]] . [[Kudeta Mesir 2013|2013 kudeta Mesir]] . As-Sisi kamudian maangkek dirinyo sabagai Wakil Pardana Mantari Patamo, sacaro basamoan manjabat sabagai Mantari Partahanan. As-Sisi managakan pado 26 Maret 2014 baso inyo akan mancalonkan diri untuak manjadi presiden pado [[Pemilihan umum presiden Mesir 2014|pamiliahan presiden 2014]] . <ref name="ao26mar" /> Sabagai Mantari Patahanan, dan akhianyo manjadi Panglima Utamo [[Angkatan Bersenjata Mesir|Angkatan Basanjato Mesir]], Sisi talibaik dalam [[kudeta Mesir 2013]] nan manggusur Presiden Mohamed Morsi dari jabatannyo pado 3 Juli 2013, sabagai tanggapan taradok [[protes Mesir 2013]] . Inyo mambubarkan [[Konstitusi Mesir 2012|Undang-Undang Dasar Mesir 2012]] jo mangusulkan, basamo jo tokoh-tokoh oposisi jo agamo tanamo, peta jalan politik baru, nan tamasuak pamiliahan pado konstitusi baru, jo pamiliahan parlemen jo presiden baru. Morsi digantikan dek presiden samantaro [[Adly Mansour]], nan manunjuak [[Kabinet Beblawi|kabinet baru]] . Demonstrasi, duduak-duduak, jo bentrokan ganas antaro pandukuang Morsi jo pasukan kaamanan mangikuti, nan puncaknyo adolah [[Pembantaian Rabaa|pambantaian Raba]] . Pada tanggal 26 Maret 2014, sebagai tanggapan atas seruan dari para pendukung untuk mencalonkan diri sebagai presiden, Sisi pensiun dari karier militernya, mengumumkan bahwa ia akan mencalonkan diri sebagai kandidat dalam [[Pemilihan Presiden Mesir 2014|Pemilihan Presiden 2014]].<ref name="ao26mar" /> Pemilihan, yang diadakan antara 26 dan 28 Mei, menampilkan satu lawan, [[Hamdeen Sabahi]],<ref name="bbc.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-27614776|title=Egypt election: Sisi secures landslide win|date=29 May 2014|publisher=BBC|access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref> melihat partisipasi 47% oleh pemilih yang memenuhi syarat, dan mengakibatkan Sisi menang telak dengan 97% suara.<ref name="bbc.com" /><ref name="EgyptianElection">{{Cite news|title=Former army chief scores landslide victory in Egypt presidential polls|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/29/abdel-fatah-al-sisi-sweeps-victory-egyptian-election|access-date=21 May 2026|work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.france24.com/en/20140529-poll-egypt-sisi-landslide-win-president/|title=Egypt's Sisi set for landslide win in presidential vote|agency=France24|date=29 May 2014|access-date=21 May 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602034907/http://www.france24.com/en/20140529-poll-egypt-sisi-landslide-win-president/|archive-date=2 June 2014}}</ref> Sisi dilantik sebagai [[Presiden Mesir]] pada 8 Juni 2014. Sisi memerintah rezim otoriter di Mesir.<ref name="Truex & Tavana 2019">{{Cite journal|last=Truex|first=Rory|last2=Tavana|first2=Daniel L.|date=July 2019|title=Implicit Attitudes toward an Authoritarian Regime|journal=The Journal of Politics|volume=81|issue=3|pages=1014–1027|doi=10.1086/703209}}</ref><ref name="foreignpolicy">{{Cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/05/22/egypts-sisi-is-getting-pretty-good-at-being-a-dictator/|title=Egypt's Sisi Is Getting Pretty Good … at Being a Dictator|last=Cambanis|first=Thanassis|date=22 May 2015|website=Foreign Policy|access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/02/12/egypt-move-enhance-authoritarian-rule|title=Egypt: A Move to Enhance Authoritarian Rule|date=2019|website=Human Rights Watch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2020|title=Egypt tries to silence its critics in the United States by jailing their relatives|work=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/egypt-tries-to-silence-its-critics-in-the-united-states-by-jailing-their-relatives/2020/07/08/c93a809e-c053-11ea-864a-0dd31b9d6917_story.html}}</ref> Dalam [[Pemilu Presiden Mesir 2018|Pemilihan Presiden 2018]] yang non-demokratis, Sisi hanya menghadapi oposisi nominal (pendukung pro-pemerintah, [[Moussa Mostafa Moussa]]) setelah penangkapan militer terhadap [[Sami Hafez Anan|Sami Anan]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/02/13/egypt-planned-presidential-vote-neither-free-nor-fair|title=Egypt: Planned Presidential Vote Neither Free Nor Fair|date=13 February 2018|website=Human Rights Watch|language=en|access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/23/former-egyptian-general-arrested-by-military-after-announcing-presidential-bid-sami-anan|title=Egypt arrests ex-general who stood for election against Sisi|date=23 January 2018|newspaper=The Guardian|last=Michaelson|first=Ruth}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/egypts-brotherhood-offers-support-presidential-hopeful-52542489|title=Egypt's military arrests ex-general running for president|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126185202/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/egypts-brotherhood-offers-support-presidential-hopeful-52542489|archive-date=26 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.madamasr.com/en/2018/01/24/news/u/sami-anans-whereabouts-unknown-son|title=Sami Anan's whereabouts unknown: Son|last=Masr|first=Mada|date=24 January 2018|website=Mada Masr}}</ref> ancaman yang ditujukan kepada [[Ahmed Shafik]] dengan tuduhan korupsi lama dan tuduhan [[rekaman seks]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-egypt-politics/egyptian-ex-pm-ahmed-shafik-says-wont-run-for-presidency-idUSKBN1EW0MV|title=Egyptian ex-PM Ahmed Shafik says won't run for presidency|last=Awadalla|first=Nadine|date=7 January 2018|website=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/egypt-ahmed-shafiq-sisi-smear-campaign-772732588|title=Shafiq quit Egypt election bid after threats of 'sex tape' and corruption slurs: Sources|last=Hearst|first=David|date=9 January 2018|website=Middle East Eye}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/07/world/middleeast/egypt-ahmed-shafik.html|title=Egypt's Presidential Race Loses Popular Candidate|last=Youssef|first=Nour|date=7 January 2018|website=The New York Times}}</ref> dan mundurnya [[Khaled Ali]] dan [[Mohamed Anwar Esmat Sadat|Mohamed Anwar El-Sadat]] karena banyaknya hambatan dan pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh panitia pemilihan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/24/khaled-ali-withdraws-egyptian-presidential-race-abdel-fatah-al-sissi|title=Khaled Ali withdraws from Egyptian presidential race|last=Michaelson|first=Ruth|date=24 January 2018|website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/egypt-presidential-elections-latest-abdel-fattah-al-sisi-challengers-khaled-ali-saddam-hussein-a8177681.html|title=Egypt elections: Abdel Fattah al-Sisi's challengers liken President to Saddam Hussein as they drop out of race|last=Bower|first=Edmund|date=25 January 2018|website=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/01/15/anwar-sadats-nephew-backs-egypt-presidential-election|title=Anwar Sadat's nephew backs out of Egypt presidential election|last=Sanchez|first=Raf|date=15 January 2018|newspaper=The Telegraph}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}}{{URUTANBAKU:Fattah as-Sisi, Abdul}} [[Kategori:Presiden Masia]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Masia]] [[Kategori:Politik Masia]] 27bs1kilny3vieezrtpsmgp1a9cbjpd 0 477824 3346837 2026-05-21T14:01:17Z Rafqypedia 22794 ←Mengalihkan ke [[Abdul Fattah as-Sisi]] 3346837 wikitext text/x-wiki #ALIAH [[Abdul Fattah as-Sisi]] 2xpepd70wwggq3wheonsgh8tga6i9le 0 477825 3346839 2026-05-21T14:42:36Z Rafqypedia 22794 ←Mambuek laman baisi "{{Infobox urang}} '''Gibran Rakabuming Raka''' ({{Lahiamati||1|10|1987||}}) adolah saurang politisi jo pangusaha Indonesia nan manjabat sabagai [[Wakil Presiden Indonesia]] sajak 20 Oktober 2024. Gibran dilantik sabagai Wakil Presiden pado umua 37 taun, sahinggo manjadiannyo wakil presiden pamudo dalam sijarah Indonesia. Sabalunnyo, baliau manjabat sabagai [[Daftar Wali Kota Surakarta|Walikota Surakarta]] dari 2021 sampai 2024. Gibran adolah anak tuo dari Presid..." 3346839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox urang}} '''Gibran Rakabuming Raka''' ({{Lahiamati||1|10|1987||}}) adolah saurang politisi jo pangusaha Indonesia nan manjabat sabagai [[Wakil Presiden Indonesia]] sajak 20 Oktober 2024. Gibran dilantik sabagai Wakil Presiden pado umua 37 taun, sahinggo manjadiannyo wakil presiden pamudo dalam sijarah Indonesia. Sabalunnyo, baliau manjabat sabagai [[Daftar Wali Kota Surakarta|Walikota Surakarta]] dari 2021 sampai 2024. Gibran adolah anak tuo dari [[Presiden Indonesia|presiden katujuah Indonesia]], [[Joko Widodo]] . Inyo manyalasaian salapan taun patamo pandidikannyo di Surakarta sabalun pindah ka [[Singapua|Singapura]], di mano inyo basikola di [[Sekolah Menengah Orchid Park|SMA Orchid Park]] . Walaupun maso jabatannyo relatif singkek, pangaruah Gibran pado Surakarta signifikan, sahinggo mandapek gala wali kota paliang populer pado taun 2021, manuruik Indikator Indonesia. == Hiduik jo pandidikan awal == Gibran lahia di [[Kota Surakarta|Surakarta]], [[Jawa Tengah|Jawa Tangah]], pado tanggal 1 Oktober 1987, sabagai anak sulung jo laki-laki dari [[Joko Widodo]] jo [[Iriana]], nan punyo tigo urang anak. Gibran manyalasaian salapan taun patamo pandidikannyo di Surakarta, sabalun pindah ka [[Singapua|Singapura]] di mano inyo baraja di [[Sekolah Menengah Orchid Park|Sakolah Menengah Orchid Park]] . <ref name="tagar">{{Cite news|date=23 December 2017|title=Profil Gibran Rakabuming Raka Calon Wali Kota Surakarta|language=id|url=https://www.tagar.id/profil-gibran-rakabuming-raka-calon-wali-kota-surakarta|access-date=8 October 2019|first=Nuranisa|last=Hamdan|archive-date=2019-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191008110512/https://www.tagar.id/profil-gibran-rakabuming-raka-calon-wali-kota-surakarta|dead-url=no}}</ref> Sasudah tamaik dari SMA, Gibran mandaftar di UTS Insearch, sabuah program jalur (''kursus persiapan'') untuak mahasiswa internasional nan nio baraja di [[Universitas Teknologi Sydney]] di Australia, tapi mamutuihan untuak pindah baliak ka Singapura untuak pandidikan sarjananyo. Inyo mandapek-an ijazah dari Institut Pengembangan Manajemen Singapura (MDIS) pado taun 2010, jo [[Bachelor of Science|BSc]] (S1) dalam Pemasaran jo Kehormatan Kelas Duo Divisi Kaduo (2:2) dari [[Universitas Bradford]], mitra MDIS. <ref name="tagar" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2023|title=Indonesia VP candidate Gibran accused of faking education, shows degree received at S'pore MDIS as proof|url=https://mothership.sg/2023/11/gibran-mdis-degree/|access-date=22 Januari 2024|first=Min-Wei|last=Tan|archive-date=2024-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218141915/https://mothership.sg/2023/11/gibran-mdis-degree/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=21 November 2014|title=Jokowi in Singapore for son's graduation: Other leaders whose children studied here|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/education/jokowi-in-singapore-for-sons-graduation-other-leaders-whose-children-studied|access-date=10 Oktober 2019|first=Chew Hui|last=Min|archive-date=2019-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011000322/https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/education/jokowi-in-singapore-for-sons-graduation-other-leaders-whose-children-studied|dead-url=no}}</ref> == Wakil Presiden Indonesia (sajak 2024) == === Pencalonan jo kampanye === Pada akhir tahun 2022, beberapa kelompok pendukung Jokowi mulai mendukung Gibran sebagai calon wakil presiden pada [[Pamiliahan umum Presiden Indonesia 2024|Pemilihan umum Presiden Indonesia 2024]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=NV|first=Tara Wahyu|title=Gibran Masuk Bursa Cawapres Musra Relawan Jokowi: Umure Ra Cukup|url=https://www.detik.com/jateng/berita/d-6558758/gibran-masuk-bursa-cawapres-musra-relawan-jokowi-umure-ra-cukup|access-date=21 October 2023|work=detikjateng|date=8 February 2023|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030063510/https://www.detik.com/jateng/berita/d-6558758/gibran-masuk-bursa-cawapres-musra-relawan-jokowi-umure-ra-cukup|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Gibran Masuk Bursa Cawapres Hasil Musra Relawan Jokowi Asia Timur|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20221130171451-32-880961/gibran-masuk-bursa-cawapres-hasil-musra-relawan-jokowi-asia-timur|access-date=21 October 2023|work=CNN Indonesia|date=30 November 2022|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031045652/https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20221130171451-32-880961/gibran-masuk-bursa-cawapres-hasil-musra-relawan-jokowi-asia-timur|dead-url=no}}</ref> Pada saat pengesahan, kriteria untuk menjadi calon wakil presiden adalah berusia 40 tahun ke atas, sedangkan Gibran baru berusia 37 tahun pada saat pemilu.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Gibran Tak Memenuhi Syarat Maju Pilpres 2024, Ini Penyebabnya|url=https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/336670/12/gibran-tak-memenuhi-syarat-maju-pilpres-2024-ini-penyebabnya-1613455345|access-date=21 October 2023|work=SINDOnews Nasional|date=16 February 2021|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030063508/https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/336670/12/gibran-tak-memenuhi-syarat-maju-pilpres-2024-ini-penyebabnya-1613455345|dead-url=no}}</ref> Untuk memungkinkan Gibran mencalonkan diri, [[Mahkamah Konstitusi Indonesia|Mahkamah Konstitusi]] di bawah kepemimpinan paman mertua Gibran, [[Anwar Usman]] sebagai Ketua Mahkamah Konstitusi saat itu. Hasilnya seperti dugaan banyak orang, pada tanggal 17 Oktober 2023 mengeluarkan keputusan kontroversial yang menambahkan pengecualian usia minimum bagi individu yang telah terpilih menjadi pemimpin daerah.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Mutiara|first=Aulia|title=Putusan MK: Gibran & 12 Kepala Daerah Ini Bisa Maju Cawapres|url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/research/20231017064610-128-481086/putusan-mk-gibran-12-kepala-daerah-ini-bisa-maju-cawapres|access-date=21 October 2023|work=CNBC Indonesia|date=17 October 2023|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109095037/https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/research/20231017064610-128-481086/putusan-mk-gibran-12-kepala-daerah-ini-bisa-maju-cawapres|dead-url=no}}</ref> Empat hari kemudian, pada 21 Oktober 2023, Partai [[Golkar]] yang tergabung dalam koalisi [[Prabowo Subianto]] mendeklarasikan Gibran sebagai calon wakil presiden dari partai tersebut meski ia masih menjadi anggota PDI-P.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Golkar Resmi Usung Gibran Rakabuming Jadi Cawapres Prabowo|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20231021113314-617-1014163/golkar-resmi-usung-gibran-rakabuming-jadi-cawapres-prabowo|access-date=21 October 2023|work=CNN Indonesia|date=21 October 2023|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030063510/https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20231021113314-617-1014163/golkar-resmi-usung-gibran-rakabuming-jadi-cawapres-prabowo|dead-url=no}}</ref> Peran [[Anwar Usman]] sabagai Hakim Agung [[Mahkamah Konstitusi]] dalam kaputusan kontroversial tasabuik kamudian disorot jo dilaporkan sabagai palanggaran etika jo moral. Laporan itu mandorong tabantuaknyo [[Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia|Dewan Kahormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi]] (MKMK) ad hoc, jo [[Jimly Asshiddiqie]] sabagai Katua, [[Wahiduddin Adams]] jo [[Bintan R. Saragih]] sabagai anggota masiang-masiang. Salanjuiknyo, Dewan Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MKMK) mamutuihan baso Hakim Agung [[Anwar Usman]] (Hakim nan Dilaporkan) alah malakukan palanggaran sarupo nan dinyatoan dalam Sapta Karsa Hutama Prinsip-prinsip Indak Bapihak, Integritas, Kompetensi jo Kesamaan, Kemerdekaan, jo Kepatutan jo Kesopanan. MKMK kamudian mamutuihan sasuai jo Kaputusan MKMK Nomor 02/MKMK/L/11/2023 tanggal 7 November 2023 jo kaputusan untuak ma-usir Hakim Konstitusi Anwar Usman dari jabatan Hakim Agung Mahkamah Konstitusi. "Mambarikan sanksi pambuangan dari jabatan Hakim Agung Mahkamah Konstitusi kapado Hakim nan Dilaporkan." <ref name="mkri.id">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.Berita&id=19751&menu=2|title=MKMK Berhentikan Anwar Usman dari Jabatan Ketua Mahkamah Konstitusi {{!}} Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia|website=www.mkri.id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230175958/https://www.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.Berita&id=19751&menu=2|archive-date=2023-12-30|access-date=2025-05-03}}</ref> Lebih lanjut dalam amar putusan tersebut, MKMK memerintahkan Wakil Ketua MK dalam waktu 2x24 jam sejak Putusan ini selesai diucapkan, memimpin penyelenggaraan pemilihan pimpinan yang baru sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Kemudian, [[Anwar Usman]] tidak berhak mencalonkan diri atau dicalonkan sebagai pimpinan MK sampai masa jabatannya berakhir. Anwar juga tidak diperkenankan terlibat atau melibatkan diri dalam pemeriksaan dan pengambilan keputusan dalam perkara perselisihan hasil Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, Pemilihan Anggota DPR, DPD, dan DPRD, serta Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Wali kota yang memiliki potensi timbulnya benturan kepentingan.<ref name="mkri.id" /> Pimpinan [[Komisi Pamiliahan Umum|KPU]] tabukti malakukan palanggaran etika manganai pendaftaran calon wakil presiden Gibran karano mambuliahan Gibran untuak mandaftarkan calonnyo sabalun KPU manyasuaian bateh umua minimum untuak calon dalam paraturan internalnyo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2024/02/05/kpu-found-guilty-of-ethics-breach-in-handling-of-gibran-vp-bid.html|title=KPU found guilty of ethics breach in handling of Gibran VP bid - Politics|website=The Jakarta Post|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205161437/https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2024/02/05/kpu-found-guilty-of-ethics-breach-in-handling-of-gibran-vp-bid.html|archive-date=2024-02-05|dead-url=no|access-date=2024-02-12}}</ref> === Pamiliahan === Sasudah pamiliahan 14 Februari, Prabowo jo Gibran mamimpin hitungan capek jo persentase rato-rato 57%, dibandiangkan jo tiket Anies-Muhaimin jo rato-rato 27% jo tiket Ganjar-Mahfud jo rato-rato 16%. Persentase iko manunjuakan baso Prabowo jo Gibran manang dalam pamiliahan putaran partamo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pemilu.kompas.com/quickcount|title=Quick count Pemilu 2024: Hasil Hitung Cepat dan Real Count|website=KOMPAS.com|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318151707/https://pemilu.kompas.com/quickcount|archive-date=2024-03-18|dead-url=no|access-date=2024-06-05}}</ref> === Peresmian === Gibran dilantik sabagai wakil presiden pado 20 Oktober 2024. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c70z2q77p2wo|title=Prabowo-Gibran dilantik menjadi presiden dan wapres Indonesia|date=20 October 2024|website=BBC Indonesia|language=id-ID|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119132214/https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c70z2q77p2wo|archive-date=2025-01-19|access-date=20 October 2024}}</ref> Gibran manjadi [[Daftar Wakia Presiden Indonesia|urang paliang mudo nan manjabat sabagai wakil presiden Indonesia]] pado umua 37 taun, 19 hari. Salamo maso jabatan wakil presidennyo, Gibran manganjurkan jo mamulai pambuatan studi [[Kacerdasan buatan|Kecerdasan Buatan]] (AI) ka dalam [[Kurikulum di Indonesia|kurikulum sakolah]] nasional Indonesia untuak studi SD (SD), SMP (SMP), SMA (SMA), jo SMK (kejuruan). Inyo manyampaian hal iko salamo rapek kabinet tabateh jo Mantari Pandidikan, [[Abdul Mu'ti]], jo sasudah rapek di [[Universitas Bina Nusantara|Universitas Binus]], manakankan pantiangnyo malangkapi siswa jo katarampilan AI sarupo [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prompt_engineering pambuatan AI nan capek] daripado [[Pemrograman komputer|instruksi pangkodean]] dini . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Widjaja|first=Yovie Given Nata|date=3 May 2025|title=Wapres Gibran: Pelajaran AI Akan Masuk Kurikulum 2025 untuk SD–SMA|url=https://www.kompas.com/edu/read/2025/05/03/093317571/wapres-gibran-pelajaran-ai-akan-masuk-kurikulum-2025-untuk-sd-sma|access-date=8 June 2025|work=Kompas.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=18 March 2025|title=VP Gibran advocates for AI adoption among Indonesian educators|url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/348981/vp-gibran-advocates-for-ai-adoption-among-indonesian-educators|access-date=8 June 2025|work=ANTARA}}</ref> === Pindah ka Nusantara === Sasudah pambangunan [[Istana Wakil Presiden IKN|Istana Wakil Presiden]] di [[Ibu Kota Nusantara|ibukota Indonesia]] salasai pado Januari 2026, Gibran manugaskan 50 anggota staf [[Sekretariat Wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia|Sekretariat Wakil Presiden RI]] jo [[Staf Khusus Wakil Presiden Indonesia]] untuak pindah ka Nusantara untuak manyiapkan pamindahan wakil presiden jo mandukuang saluruah kaluarga wakil presiden limbago-limbago nan ado. Sasudah parsiapan iko salasai, Gibran, [[Selvi Ananda|bininyo]], duo urang anaknyo, [[Ajudan Wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia|ajudannyo]], jo [[Grup B Paspampres|Kalompok B dari Pasukan Kaamanan Presiden (Paspampres)]] akan pindah ka Nusantara pado taun 2026. <ref>{{Cite news|date=31 Januari 2026|title=Wapres Gibran Mulai Berkantor di IKN 2026, 50 Staf Lebih Dulu Ditugaskan|url=https://investor.id/national/426749/wapres-gibran-mulai-berkantor-di-ikn-2026-50-staf-lebih-dulu-ditugaskan/all|work=Investor.id}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}}{{Commons category}}{{Wakia Presiden Indonesia}} {{Authority control}} {{URUTANBAKU:Rakabuming Raka, Gibran}} [[Kategori:Tokoh dari Surakarta]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa]] [[Kategori:Wakil Presiden Indonesia]] 55uz9aciy96205efyygbzbi09wsttqz 3346840 3346839 2026-05-21T14:43:15Z Rafqypedia 22794 3346840 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox urang}} '''Gibran Rakabuming Raka''' ({{Lahiamati||1|10|1987||}}) adolah saurang politisi jo pangusaha Indonesia nan manjabat sabagai [[Wakil Presiden Indonesia]] sajak 20 Oktober 2024. Gibran dilantik sabagai Wakil Presiden pado umua 37 taun, sahinggo manjadiannyo wakil presiden pamudo dalam sijarah Indonesia. Sabalunnyo, baliau manjabat sabagai [[Daftar Wali Kota Surakarta|Walikota Surakarta]] dari 2021 sampai 2024. Gibran adolah anak tuo dari [[Presiden Indonesia|presiden katujuah Indonesia]], [[Joko Widodo]] . Inyo manyalasaian salapan taun patamo pandidikannyo di Surakarta sabalun pindah ka [[Singapua|Singapura]], di mano inyo basikola di [[Sekolah Menengah Orchid Park|SMA Orchid Park]] . Walaupun maso jabatannyo relatif singkek, pangaruah Gibran pado Surakarta signifikan, sahinggo mandapek gala wali kota paliang populer pado taun 2021, manuruik Indikator Indonesia. == Hiduik jo pandidikan awal == Gibran lahia di [[Kota Surakarta|Surakarta]], [[Jawa Tengah|Jawa Tangah]], pado tanggal 1 Oktober 1987, sabagai anak sulung jo laki-laki dari [[Joko Widodo]] jo [[Iriana]], nan punyo tigo urang anak. Gibran manyalasaian salapan taun patamo pandidikannyo di Surakarta, sabalun pindah ka [[Singapua|Singapura]] di mano inyo baraja di [[Sekolah Menengah Orchid Park|Sakolah Menengah Orchid Park]] . <ref name="tagar">{{Cite news|date=23 December 2017|title=Profil Gibran Rakabuming Raka Calon Wali Kota Surakarta|language=id|url=https://www.tagar.id/profil-gibran-rakabuming-raka-calon-wali-kota-surakarta|access-date=8 October 2019|first=Nuranisa|last=Hamdan|archive-date=2019-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191008110512/https://www.tagar.id/profil-gibran-rakabuming-raka-calon-wali-kota-surakarta|dead-url=no}}</ref> Sasudah tamaik dari SMA, Gibran mandaftar di UTS Insearch, sabuah program jalur (''kursus persiapan'') untuak mahasiswa internasional nan nio baraja di [[Universitas Teknologi Sydney]] di Australia, tapi mamutuihan untuak pindah baliak ka Singapura untuak pandidikan sarjananyo. Inyo mandapek-an ijazah dari Institut Pengembangan Manajemen Singapura (MDIS) pado taun 2010, jo [[Bachelor of Science|BSc]] (S1) dalam Pemasaran jo Kehormatan Kelas Duo Divisi Kaduo (2:2) dari [[Universitas Bradford]], mitra MDIS. <ref name="tagar" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=21 November 2023|title=Indonesia VP candidate Gibran accused of faking education, shows degree received at S'pore MDIS as proof|url=https://mothership.sg/2023/11/gibran-mdis-degree/|access-date=22 Januari 2024|first=Min-Wei|last=Tan|archive-date=2024-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218141915/https://mothership.sg/2023/11/gibran-mdis-degree/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=21 November 2014|title=Jokowi in Singapore for son's graduation: Other leaders whose children studied here|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/education/jokowi-in-singapore-for-sons-graduation-other-leaders-whose-children-studied|access-date=10 Oktober 2019|first=Chew Hui|last=Min|archive-date=2019-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011000322/https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/education/jokowi-in-singapore-for-sons-graduation-other-leaders-whose-children-studied|dead-url=no}}</ref> == Wakil Presiden Indonesia (sajak 2024) == === Pencalonan jo kampanye === Pada akhir tahun 2022, beberapa kelompok pendukung Jokowi mulai mendukung Gibran sebagai calon wakil presiden pada [[Pamiliahan umum Presiden Indonesia 2024|Pemilihan umum Presiden Indonesia 2024]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=NV|first=Tara Wahyu|title=Gibran Masuk Bursa Cawapres Musra Relawan Jokowi: Umure Ra Cukup|url=https://www.detik.com/jateng/berita/d-6558758/gibran-masuk-bursa-cawapres-musra-relawan-jokowi-umure-ra-cukup|access-date=21 October 2023|work=detikjateng|date=8 February 2023|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030063510/https://www.detik.com/jateng/berita/d-6558758/gibran-masuk-bursa-cawapres-musra-relawan-jokowi-umure-ra-cukup|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Gibran Masuk Bursa Cawapres Hasil Musra Relawan Jokowi Asia Timur|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20221130171451-32-880961/gibran-masuk-bursa-cawapres-hasil-musra-relawan-jokowi-asia-timur|access-date=21 October 2023|work=CNN Indonesia|date=30 November 2022|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031045652/https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20221130171451-32-880961/gibran-masuk-bursa-cawapres-hasil-musra-relawan-jokowi-asia-timur|dead-url=no}}</ref> Pada saat pengesahan, kriteria untuk menjadi calon wakil presiden adalah berusia 40 tahun ke atas, sedangkan Gibran baru berusia 37 tahun pada saat pemilu.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Gibran Tak Memenuhi Syarat Maju Pilpres 2024, Ini Penyebabnya|url=https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/336670/12/gibran-tak-memenuhi-syarat-maju-pilpres-2024-ini-penyebabnya-1613455345|access-date=21 October 2023|work=SINDOnews Nasional|date=16 February 2021|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030063508/https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/336670/12/gibran-tak-memenuhi-syarat-maju-pilpres-2024-ini-penyebabnya-1613455345|dead-url=no}}</ref> Untuk memungkinkan Gibran mencalonkan diri, [[Mahkamah Konstitusi Indonesia|Mahkamah Konstitusi]] di bawah kepemimpinan paman mertua Gibran, [[Anwar Usman]] sebagai Ketua Mahkamah Konstitusi saat itu. Hasilnya seperti dugaan banyak orang, pada tanggal 17 Oktober 2023 mengeluarkan keputusan kontroversial yang menambahkan pengecualian usia minimum bagi individu yang telah terpilih menjadi pemimpin daerah.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Mutiara|first=Aulia|title=Putusan MK: Gibran & 12 Kepala Daerah Ini Bisa Maju Cawapres|url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/research/20231017064610-128-481086/putusan-mk-gibran-12-kepala-daerah-ini-bisa-maju-cawapres|access-date=21 October 2023|work=CNBC Indonesia|date=17 October 2023|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109095037/https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/research/20231017064610-128-481086/putusan-mk-gibran-12-kepala-daerah-ini-bisa-maju-cawapres|dead-url=no}}</ref> Empat hari kemudian, pada 21 Oktober 2023, Partai [[Golkar]] yang tergabung dalam koalisi [[Prabowo Subianto]] mendeklarasikan Gibran sebagai calon wakil presiden dari partai tersebut meski ia masih menjadi anggota PDI-P.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Golkar Resmi Usung Gibran Rakabuming Jadi Cawapres Prabowo|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20231021113314-617-1014163/golkar-resmi-usung-gibran-rakabuming-jadi-cawapres-prabowo|access-date=21 October 2023|work=CNN Indonesia|date=21 October 2023|language=id-ID|archive-date=2023-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030063510/https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20231021113314-617-1014163/golkar-resmi-usung-gibran-rakabuming-jadi-cawapres-prabowo|dead-url=no}}</ref> Peran [[Anwar Usman]] sabagai Hakim Agung [[Mahkamah Konstitusi]] dalam kaputusan kontroversial tasabuik kamudian disorot jo dilaporkan sabagai palanggaran etika jo moral. Laporan itu mandorong tabantuaknyo [[Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia|Dewan Kahormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi]] (MKMK) ad hoc, jo [[Jimly Asshiddiqie]] sabagai Katua, [[Wahiduddin Adams]] jo [[Bintan R. Saragih]] sabagai anggota masiang-masiang. Salanjuiknyo, Dewan Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MKMK) mamutuihan baso Hakim Agung [[Anwar Usman]] (Hakim nan Dilaporkan) alah malakukan palanggaran sarupo nan dinyatoan dalam Sapta Karsa Hutama Prinsip-prinsip Indak Bapihak, Integritas, Kompetensi jo Kesamaan, Kemerdekaan, jo Kepatutan jo Kesopanan. MKMK kamudian mamutuihan sasuai jo Kaputusan MKMK Nomor 02/MKMK/L/11/2023 tanggal 7 November 2023 jo kaputusan untuak ma-usir Hakim Konstitusi Anwar Usman dari jabatan Hakim Agung Mahkamah Konstitusi. "Mambarikan sanksi pambuangan dari jabatan Hakim Agung Mahkamah Konstitusi kapado Hakim nan Dilaporkan." <ref name="mkri.id">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.Berita&id=19751&menu=2|title=MKMK Berhentikan Anwar Usman dari Jabatan Ketua Mahkamah Konstitusi {{!}} Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia|website=www.mkri.id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230175958/https://www.mkri.id/index.php?page=web.Berita&id=19751&menu=2|archive-date=2023-12-30|access-date=2025-05-03}}</ref> Lebih lanjut dalam amar putusan tersebut, MKMK memerintahkan Wakil Ketua MK dalam waktu 2x24 jam sejak Putusan ini selesai diucapkan, memimpin penyelenggaraan pemilihan pimpinan yang baru sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Kemudian, [[Anwar Usman]] tidak berhak mencalonkan diri atau dicalonkan sebagai pimpinan MK sampai masa jabatannya berakhir. Anwar juga tidak diperkenankan terlibat atau melibatkan diri dalam pemeriksaan dan pengambilan keputusan dalam perkara perselisihan hasil Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, Pemilihan Anggota DPR, DPD, dan DPRD, serta Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Wali kota yang memiliki potensi timbulnya benturan kepentingan.<ref name="mkri.id" /> Pimpinan [[Komisi Pamiliahan Umum|KPU]] tabukti malakukan palanggaran etika manganai pendaftaran calon wakil presiden Gibran karano mambuliahan Gibran untuak mandaftarkan calonnyo sabalun KPU manyasuaian bateh umua minimum untuak calon dalam paraturan internalnyo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2024/02/05/kpu-found-guilty-of-ethics-breach-in-handling-of-gibran-vp-bid.html|title=KPU found guilty of ethics breach in handling of Gibran VP bid - Politics|website=The Jakarta Post|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205161437/https://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2024/02/05/kpu-found-guilty-of-ethics-breach-in-handling-of-gibran-vp-bid.html|archive-date=2024-02-05|dead-url=no|access-date=2024-02-12}}</ref> === Pamiliahan === Sasudah pamiliahan 14 Februari, Prabowo jo Gibran mamimpin hitungan capek jo persentase rato-rato 57%, dibandiangkan jo tiket Anies-Muhaimin jo rato-rato 27% jo tiket Ganjar-Mahfud jo rato-rato 16%. Persentase iko manunjuakan baso Prabowo jo Gibran manang dalam pamiliahan putaran partamo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pemilu.kompas.com/quickcount|title=Quick count Pemilu 2024: Hasil Hitung Cepat dan Real Count|website=KOMPAS.com|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318151707/https://pemilu.kompas.com/quickcount|archive-date=2024-03-18|dead-url=no|access-date=2024-06-05}}</ref> === Peresmian === Gibran dilantik sabagai wakil presiden pado 20 Oktober 2024. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c70z2q77p2wo|title=Prabowo-Gibran dilantik menjadi presiden dan wapres Indonesia|date=20 October 2024|website=BBC Indonesia|language=id-ID|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119132214/https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/articles/c70z2q77p2wo|archive-date=2025-01-19|access-date=20 October 2024}}</ref> Gibran manjadi [[Daftar Wakia Presiden Indonesia|urang paliang mudo nan manjabat sabagai wakil presiden Indonesia]] pado umua 37 taun, 19 hari. Salamo maso jabatan wakil presidennyo, Gibran manganjurkan jo mamulai pambuatan studi [[Kacerdasan buatan|Kecerdasan Buatan]] (AI) ka dalam [[Kurikulum di Indonesia|kurikulum sakolah]] nasional Indonesia untuak studi SD (SD), SMP (SMP), SMA (SMA), jo SMK (kejuruan). Inyo manyampaian hal iko salamo rapek kabinet tabateh jo Mantari Pandidikan, [[Abdul Mu'ti]], jo sasudah rapek di [[Universitas Bina Nusantara|Universitas Binus]], manakankan pantiangnyo malangkapi siswa jo katarampilan AI sarupo [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prompt_engineering pambuatan AI nan capek] daripado [[Pemrograman komputer|instruksi pangkodean]] dini . <ref>{{Cite news|last=Widjaja|first=Yovie Given Nata|date=3 May 2025|title=Wapres Gibran: Pelajaran AI Akan Masuk Kurikulum 2025 untuk SD–SMA|url=https://www.kompas.com/edu/read/2025/05/03/093317571/wapres-gibran-pelajaran-ai-akan-masuk-kurikulum-2025-untuk-sd-sma|access-date=8 June 2025|work=Kompas.com}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|date=18 March 2025|title=VP Gibran advocates for AI adoption among Indonesian educators|url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/348981/vp-gibran-advocates-for-ai-adoption-among-indonesian-educators|access-date=8 June 2025|work=ANTARA}}</ref> === Pindah ka Nusantara === Sasudah pambangunan [[Istana Wakil Presiden IKN|Istana Wakil Presiden]] di [[Ibu Kota Nusantara|ibukota Indonesia]] salasai pado Januari 2026, Gibran manugaskan 50 anggota staf [[Sekretariat Wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia|Sekretariat Wakil Presiden RI]] jo [[Staf Khusus Wakil Presiden Indonesia]] untuak pindah ka Nusantara untuak manyiapkan pamindahan wakil presiden jo mandukuang saluruah kaluarga wakil presiden limbago-limbago nan ado. Sasudah parsiapan iko salasai, Gibran, [[Selvi Ananda|bininyo]], duo urang anaknyo, [[Ajudan Wakil Presiden Republik Indonesia|ajudannyo]], jo [[Grup B Paspampres|Kalompok B dari Pasukan Kaamanan Presiden (Paspampres)]] akan pindah ka Nusantara pado taun 2026. <ref>{{Cite news|date=31 Januari 2026|title=Wapres Gibran Mulai Berkantor di IKN 2026, 50 Staf Lebih Dulu Ditugaskan|url=https://investor.id/national/426749/wapres-gibran-mulai-berkantor-di-ikn-2026-50-staf-lebih-dulu-ditugaskan/all|work=Investor.id}}</ref> == Rujuakan == <references /> {{Commons category}}{{Wakia Presiden Indonesia}} {{Authority control}} {{URUTANBAKU:Rakabuming Raka, Gibran}} [[Kategori:Tokoh dari Surakarta]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa]] [[Kategori:Wakil Presiden Indonesia]] hiy5cudyi7kvvxhi7ktqdpgi6ewayqq 0 477826 3346843 2026-05-22T03:09:38Z Rafqypedia 22794 ←Mengalihkan ke [[Gibran Rakabuming Raka]] 3346843 wikitext text/x-wiki #ALIAH [[Gibran Rakabuming Raka]] kbiq1y3sdjhmyxmpwt054qlbbqbb8ya 0 477827 3346847 2026-05-22T07:48:50Z Rafqypedia 22794 ←Mambuek laman baisi "{{Kotak info Dati II Indonesia|nama=Kabupaten Purwakarta|lambang=Seal of Purwakarta Regency.svg|motto={{lang|su|''Wibawa karta raharja''}} {{su icon}} <br>{{script|Sund|ᮝᮤᮘᮝ ᮊᮁᮒ ᮛᮠᮁᮏ}}<br />(Berwibawa, Damai, dan Sejahtera)|foto={{multiple image|border= infobox|total_width= 300|image_style= border:1; |perrow = 2/2 |image1=Another View of Jati Luhur.jpg |caption1=<center>[[Waduk Jatiluhur]] |image2=Walahar pwk.jpg |caption2=<center>Stas..." 3346847 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Kotak info Dati II Indonesia|nama=Kabupaten Purwakarta|lambang=Seal of Purwakarta Regency.svg|motto={{lang|su|''Wibawa karta raharja''}} {{su icon}} <br>{{script|Sund|ᮝᮤᮘᮝ ᮊᮁᮒ ᮛᮠᮁᮏ}}<br />(Berwibawa, Damai, dan Sejahtera)|foto={{multiple image|border= infobox|total_width= 300|image_style= border:1; |perrow = 2/2 |image1=Another View of Jati Luhur.jpg |caption1=<center>[[Waduk Jatiluhur]] |image2=Walahar pwk.jpg |caption2=<center>[[Stasiun Purwakarta]] }}|settlement_type=Kabupaten|provinsi=[[Jawa Barat]]|pushpin_map=Indonesia Jawa Barat#Indonesia|pushpin_label_position=bottom|pushpin_label=Purwakarta|koordinat={{coord|-6.5385640|107.4435572|display=inline,title}}|tanggal={{start date|1968|06|29}}|dasar hukum=UU №4/1968|hari jadi={{start date|1831|07|20}}|ibukota=[[Purwakarta, Purwakarta|Purwakarta]]|luas=971,72|pendudukref=<ref name="DUKCAPIL"/>|penduduk=1052093|penduduktahun=[[30 Juni]] [[2024]]|kepadatan=auto|agama={{ublist |item_style=white-space; |98,93% [[Islam]] |{{Tree list}} * 1,00% [[Kekristenan]] ** 0,79% [[Protestan]] ** 0,21% [[Katolik]] {{Tree list/end}} |0,05% [[Agama Buddha|Buddha]] |0,01% [[Hindu]] |0,01% Lainnya<ref name="DUKCAPIL"/>}}|bahasa={{unbulleted list| [[bahaso Indonesia|Indonesia]] (resmi)<br>[[bahaso Sunda|Sunda]] }}|kode pos=[[Daftar kodepos di Indonesia|41100]]|kodearea=+62264|kecamatan=17|kelurahan=9|desa=183|IPM={{increase}} 73,99 ([[2024]])<br> <span style="background:Yellow;color:#00726a">&nbsp;tinggi&nbsp;</span><ref name="IPM">{{cite web|url=https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/MjIwNSMy/-metode-baru--indeks-pembangunan-manusia--umur-harapan-hidup-hasil-long-form-sp2020-.html|title=Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (Umur Harapan Hidup Hasil Long Form SP2020), 2023-2024|website=www.bps.go.id|publisher=[[Badan Pusat Statistik]]|accessdate=25 Januari 2025}}</ref>|nomor_polisi=T xxxx *A/*B/*C/*I/*J|web={{url|purwakartakab.go.id}}}}'''Kabupaten Purwakarta''' ({{Lang-su|ᮕᮥᮁᮝᮊᮁᮒ}}) adolah sabuah [[kabupaten]] nan talatak di bagian barat-tangah Provinsi [[Jawa Barat]], [[Indonesia]] . [[Ibundo koto kabupaten|Ibu kota kabupaten]] barado di [[Purwakarta, Purwakarta|Kecamatan Purwakarta Kota,]] nan bajarak labiah kurang 50 km.&nbsp;10 km sabalah barat lauik [[ibu kota]] [[provinsi]], [[Kota Bandung]] . <ref name="DUKCAPIL">{{Cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2024|website=www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id|format=Visual|access-date=22 Mei 2026}}</ref><ref name="PURWAKARTA">{{Cite book|title=Kabupaten Purwakarta dalam Angka 2023|year=2023|last=Badan Pusat Statistik|url=https://purwakartakab.bps.go.id/publication/2023/02/28/24f9d0b51634c1994e272f03/kabupaten-purwakarta-dalam-angka-2023.html|access-date=22 Mei 2026|format=pdf|pages=7, 43}}</ref> Kabupaten Purwakarta dijuluaki " ''kota pansiun "'' dek suasananyo nan tanang, jauah dari hiruk pikuk kota. Salain manjadi ''kota pansiunan'', Kabupaten Purwakarta juo dikenal sabagai ''"kota manik-manik sumbayang"'' jo ''"Purwakarta Khusus'' ." Kabupaten Purwakarta dikenal sebagai tempat kelahiran beberapa negarawan dan pemimpin besar asal Jawa Barat, karena pada masanya awal pendirian Republik Indonesia. Di antaranya adalah pahlawan nasional [[Kusumah Atmaja]] (Ketua pertama [[Mahkamah Agung Indonesia|Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia]]) dan [[Ipik Gandamana]] (Bupati pertama [[Kabupaten Bogor]], [[Daftar Gubernur Jawa Barat|Gubernur Jawa Barat]], dan [[Daftar Menteri Dalam Negeri Indonesia|Menteri Dalam Negeri]]). == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}} {{Kabupaten Purwakarta}} {{Jawa Barat}} [[Kategori:Kabupaten di Jawa Barat]] otxwedjnge1ke7juwhas1h52joigshz 0 477828 3346848 2026-05-22T10:37:59Z Rafqypedia 22794 ←Mambuek laman baisi "{{Infobox urang}} '''Nikol Pashinyan''' ({{Lahiamati||1|6|1975}}) adolah surang [[Politikus|politisi]] [[Armenia]] nan alah manjabat sabagai [[Pardano Mantari Armenia]] sajak 8 Mei 2018. Inyo adolah mantan [[wartawan]] jo [[editor]] . Pashinyan adolah surang wartawan tanamo, sasudah mandirian surek kabanyo surang pado taun 1998, nan ditutuik pado taun barikuiknyo. Inyo dihukum satahun karano pancemaran namo baiak taradok Mantari Kaamanan Nasional wakatu itu Serz..." 3346848 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox urang}} '''Nikol Pashinyan''' ({{Lahiamati||1|6|1975}}) adolah surang [[Politikus|politisi]] [[Armenia]] nan alah manjabat sabagai [[Pardano Mantari Armenia]] sajak 8 Mei 2018. Inyo adolah mantan [[wartawan]] jo [[editor]] . Pashinyan adolah surang wartawan tanamo, sasudah mandirian surek kabanyo surang pado taun 1998, nan ditutuik pado taun barikuiknyo. Inyo dihukum satahun karano pancemaran namo baiak taradok Mantari Kaamanan Nasional wakatu itu [[Serzh Sargsyan]] . Inyo manyuntiang surek kaba ''Haykakan Zhamanak'' (Armenian Times) dari taun 1999 sampai 2012. Basimpati jo presiden partamo Armenia, [[Levon Ter-Petrosyan]], inyo sangaik kritis taradok presiden kaduo, [[Robert Kocharyan]], Mantari Patahanan Serzh Sargsyan, jo sakutunyo nan bakuaso. Pashinyan mamimpin partai oposisi ketek pado [[Pemilihan parlemen Armenia 2007|pamiliahan parlemen 2007]], di mano partainyo hanyo mangumpuakan 1,3% suaro. Baliau marupoan pandukuang Ter-Petrosyan nan blak-blakan, tarutamo katiko Ter-Petrosyan babaliak ka politik pado [[Pemilihan presiden Armenia 2008|pamiliahan presiden 2008]] . Ter-Petrosyan dikalahkan dek Serzh Sargsyan dalam pamiliahan nan dirusak dek panipuan jo kakarasan nan laweh. Dikana jo pidatonyo nan barapi-api, Pashinyan mamainkan peran nan manonjol dalam [[Protes pemilihan presiden Armenia 2008|protes pasca pamiliahan]], tapi akhianyo ditakan dek pasukan pamarintah pado 1 Maret 2008, nan maakibaikan kamatian 10 urang. Disalahkan karano "mangatur gangguan massal," Pashinyan salanjuiknyo manyuruak, hanyo untuak muncua baliak sakali pado patangahan 2009. Inyo dihukum panjaro tujuah taun sacaro kontroversial; suatu langkah nan dipandang sacaro laweh sabagai bamotivasi politik. Inyo dibebaskan pado bulan Mei 2011 sabagai bagian dari pangampunan umum. Inyo [[Pemilihan parlemen Armenia 2012|tapiliah]] manjadi anggota parlemen pado taun 2012 dek koalisi oposisi Ter-Petrosyan, [[Kongres Nasional Armenia]] . Inyo kudian putuih jo Ter-Petrosyan karano alasan politik jo mandirian partai baru, [[Kontrak Sipil (Armenia)|iyolah Kontrak Sipil]] . Basamo jo duo partai oposisi lainnyo, Pashinyan mambantuak aliansi Way Out, nan mangumpuakan ampia 8% suaro pado [[Pemilihan parlemen Armenia 2017|pamiliahan parlemen 2017]] . Inyo marupoan pamimpin [[revolusi Armenia 2018]] nan mamaso Pardano Mantari [[Serzh Sargsyan]] jo pamarentahnyo mangunduakan diri. Pado 1 Mei 2018, inyo gagal mandapekkan suaro nan cukuik dari [[Majelis Nasional (Armenia)|Parlemen]] untuak manjadi Pardana Mantari, tapi tapiliah dalam suaro kaduo pado 8 Mei. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/05/08/europe/armenia-new-prime-minister-nikol-pashinyan-intl/index.html|title=Armenian opposition leader Nikol Pashinyan elected prime minister|last=Vonberg|first=Judith|date=8 Mei 2018|publisher=CNN|access-date=22 Mei 2026}}</ref> == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}}{{URUTANBAKU:Pashinyan, Nikol }} [[Kategori:Tokoh Armenia]] [[Kategori:Armenia]] q82c80t1duszqoygcautcaohh4xxgp9 0 477829 3346849 2026-05-22T10:50:58Z Rafqypedia 22794 ←Mambuek laman baisi "{{Infobox urang}} '''Mian Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif''' ({{Lahiamati||23|9|1951}}) adolah surang politisi Pakistan nan kini manjabat sabagai [[Pardano Mantari Pakistan]] ka-23 sajak 11 April 2022. <ref>{{Cite news|last=CNN|first=Sophia Saifi and Rhea Mogul|title=Pakistan's parliament votes in opposition leader Shehbaz Sharif as Prime Minister|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/04/11/asia/pakistan-prime-minister-shehbaz-sharif-intl-hnk/|work=CNN}}</ref> Inyo adolah Presi..." 3346849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox urang}} '''Mian Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif''' ({{Lahiamati||23|9|1951}}) adolah surang politisi Pakistan nan kini manjabat sabagai [[Pardano Mantari Pakistan]] ka-23 sajak 11 April 2022. <ref>{{Cite news|last=CNN|first=Sophia Saifi and Rhea Mogul|title=Pakistan's parliament votes in opposition leader Shehbaz Sharif as Prime Minister|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/04/11/asia/pakistan-prime-minister-shehbaz-sharif-intl-hnk/|work=CNN}}</ref> Inyo adolah Presiden [[Liga Muslim Pakistan (N)]] . Sabalunnyo, inyo manjabat sabagai [[Chief Minister of Punjab (Pakistan)|Kapalo Mantari Punjab]] salamo tigo maso jabatan dalam karier politiknyo, manjadiannyo Kapalo Mantari Punjab nan paliang lamo manjabat sampai kini. == Rujuakan == {{Reflist}}{{URUTANBAKU:Sharif, Shehbaz}} [[Kategori:Tokoh Pakistan]] [[Kategori:Pakistan]] tnu0xw5hgbabzyeeuqb85k7p7ks1han